In this essay I explore the phenomenon of "purposiveness without a purpose" in Kant's account of aesthetic judgments. I begin by considering what Kant means by purposiveness in general, and then I analyze the specific "purposiveness without a purpose" that belongs to aesthetic judgments. I analyze the purposiveness without a purpose of the beautiful first in terms of space and then in terms of time. The essay concludes with a consideration of how purposiveness without a purpose makes beauty resistant to thought.


In this article, a predictive position control method based on a novel input-constrained nonlinear dynamic model (NDM) is proposed for time-varying position tracking of planar motors. The motivation lies in the possible utility of this method for motion systems. This method uses NDM subject to input constraint to deal with actuator saturation rather than uses a constrained optimization problem, such that it differs from conventional model predictive control. The NDM is represented in state–space equations (SSEs) to describe dynamic behaviors of the system constituted by the planar motor and an input saturation module. In contrast to linear SSEs, this model has the same linear vector-matrix form; the difference is that it applies saturation functions of states to replace states of state equation in linear SSEs for representing nonlinearity. By employing a self-designed neural network, the parameters of this model are determined via experimental sample data. With this model, a nonlinear multistep predictive model subject to input constraint is developed. Additionally, an explicitly analytical state feedback control law is approximately deduced by solving an unconstrained optimization problem subject to the nonlinear predictive model. Finally, simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The advent of highly segmented gamma ray detectors with good energy resolution has made a new class of gamma ray detectors possible. These instruments record the positions and energies of each individual gamma-ray interaction with high precision. Analysis of the individual interactions can provide energy and directional information, even for events with only partial energy deposition. Advantages over traditional gamma ray detectors include enhanced efficiency, background rejection, gamma ray imaging, and sensitivity to polarization. Consider those gamma rays that interact three or more times in the detector. The energy of the gamma ray that initiated one of these events is uniquely determined by measuring the energies of the first two interactions, and the scatter angle of the second interaction. The precision of this measurement is limited by the energy and position resolution of the detector, but also from Doppler broadening that results from the scattering off of bound electrons in the detector. It is also essential to correctly sequence the first three interactions. The importance of Doppler broadening is greater in higher Z-materials, thus silicon becomes a good choice for the detector material. We discuss performance and simulations of the multiple Compton telescope.


The synchronization system of Frequency-Hopping(FH) broadcasting station requires well anti-jamming and security performance and quick synchronization.Based on the traditional synchronization scheme of combining synchronization-head with Time of Day(TOD),the authors put forward a synchronization scheme of a high-speed FH system based on the Differential Frequency Hopping(DFH) theory.The transmitter transmits the synchronization information by using the relativity of adjacent carrier waves,and the receiver gains them by detecting the carrier waves' frequency.The scheme simplifies traditional transmit process including encoding and modulation.Simulation result shows that the performance of synchronization is improved,the time for synchronization is shortened,and the anti-jamming performance is also improved.


In a world where temperatures are increasing, India is one of the countries with the highest risk of natural disasters. More than 80% of the population lives in places that are most vulnerable to severe hydrological and climatic disasters. Communities are at risk from natural disasters like tropical cyclones, floods, and droughts, which are expected to increase in frequency and severity as Climate Change picks up speed. All countries, including India, must act immediately to reduce their own emissions to reduce risk rises and invest in adaptations to protect their populations from the effects of global warming. According to India's commitments, non-fossil fuel capacity will be increased to 500GW, emissions will be decreased by 1 billion tonnes, carbon intensity will be reduced by more than 45 percent from 2005 levels, and at least 50 percent of the country's energy would come from renewable sources. It has been noted that a number of industries and sectors, including those related to energy, transportation and buildings, contribute to climate change. Keeping that in consideration, the following policy paper assesses the Climate governance and the move of India in these sector's current policies for combating climate change.


......................................................................................................................................5 Background................................................................................................................................. 5 PrettyPark crawls from the sea................................................................................................. 6 Global Threat bots...................................................................................................................... 6 Open sesame... Backdoor.IRC.Aladinz....................................................................................... 7 Sdbot develops opposable thumbs............................................................................................9 Agobot stands upright................................................................................................................13 Crackdown...................................................................................................................................18 Sdbots big brother......................................................................................................................19 Port scanning.............................................................................................................................. 20 733+ bot Selection......................................................................................................................21 P2P user deception.....................................................................................................................23 Keylogging...................................................................................................................................23 Clipboard monitoring..................................................................................................................25 Grabbing Cached Passwords......................................................................................................25 Screenshot Capture.....................................................................................................................25 Instant Messenger spam............................................................................................................ 26 Packet Sniffing............................................................................................................................26 Process killing............................................................................................................................. 27 3 The Evolution of Malicious IRC Bots White Paper: Symantec Security Response


In the present study, the temporal behavior of 2001 Bhuj aftershock sequence in Kachchh region of western peninsular India is studied by the modified Omori law. The Omori law parameters p, c and K are determined with the standard errors by the maximum likelihood estimates using ZMAP algorithm in MatLab environment. The entire aftershock sequence is analyzed by diving it into three separate series with respect to time to weigh up the bigger earthquake of magnitude M 5.7 occurring on March 7, 2006 at Gedi fault. This study helps to understand the cumulative effect of the aftershocks generated by this bigger earthquake of the mainshock sequence. The results of this analysis are discussed with other studies of the different earthquake sequence for the different parts of the world and suggest that all the three series of Bhuj aftershock sequence follow the Omori relation. Values of parameter p vary significantly from series 1 to series 3, i.e., p-value varies significantly with time. Similarly, other two Omori law parameters K and c are also found to change significantly with time. These parameters are useful to describe temporal behavior of aftershocks and to forecast aftershock activity in time domain. Aftershock decay rate provides insight into stress release processes after the mainshock, thus helping to understand the heterogeneity of the fault zone properties and evaluate time-dependent seismic hazard analysis over the region.


In the first article of a new series, Andria Holmes explains some of the issues parents should consider for their children.


Effects of anode surface structure on the extracted ion beams from a magnetically insulated diode are examined. Experimental results can be explained qualitatively with two kinds of contributions. The one is the probability of surface flashover, and the other is the energy dissipation according to the capacitance change in diode which affects the production of the anode plasma. Another contribution must be introduced for the case of a refrigerated H2O ion source.


Abstract The multiple Travelling Salesmen Problem (mTSP) is one of the most popular and important operational research problems. It is a problem where n salesmen have to visit m cities such that each salesman has to visit at least one city and all the cities should be visited exactly once, starting and ending at one specific city. In this paper a new hybrid approach called AC2OptGA is proposed to solve the mTSP. AC2OptGA is a combination of three algorithms: Modified Ant Colony, 2-Opt, and Genetic Algorithm. Ant Colony-based algorithm is used to generate solutions on which the 2-Opt edge exchange algorithm is applied to enhance the obtained solutions. A Genetic Algorithm is then used to again improve the quality of the solutions. The reason behind combining the above-mentioned algorithms is to exploit their strengths in both global and local searches. The proposed approach is evaluated using various data instances from standard benchmarks. Using the TSPLIB benchmarks for large-sized instances, AC2OptGA shows better results than M-GELS, the current best known approach. For medium and small-sized data instances, AC2OptGA shows better results than other approaches and comparable results to M-GELS. Using the MTSP benchmarks (MTSP-51, MTSP-100 and MTSP-150), AC2OptGA outperforms other methods for number of salesmen less than 10 and is competitive with NMACO (BKS) for 10 salesmen.


Abstract Healthcare professionals in nursing homes need to be able to keep up with changes at work, deal with a growing complexity in healthcare demands and have to keep developing themselves within a team to be able to plan and deliver high quality of care. To keep up with these changes and demands, an interprofessional learning culture must be stimulated. Insight about developing such a culture in nursing homes is lacking. A scoping review was performed. Articles were examined on actions that positively influence the development of an interprofessional learning culture. 51 Actions were identified. The influencing factors were divided in eight main themes i.e. (1) communication, (2) shared goals, (3) tasks and responsibilities, (4) learning and knowledge, (5) work approaches, (6) attitude, (7) leadership, and (8) safety, respect and transparency. These actions form a basis for an interprofessional learning culture but should be operationalized and tailored to practice use.


In this paper,an effective method for determination of the migration of banned aromatic amines in paper packaging materials for foodstuffs using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC/MS-MS) was established.The sample was first extracted by deionized water,the extract was then concentrated on a solid phase extraction column and eluted by methanol.The elution was condensed and solved in methanol for GC/MS-MS analysis.The analyte was detected by triple quadrupole MS in multi-reaction monitoring(MRM) mode.The recoveries were in the range of 63.1%~98.4% while the relative standard deviation(RSD) changed from 2.6% to 16.2%.The limit of detection was lower than 1.0 ng/mL for all 24 kinds of banned aromatic amines at the condition of S/N=10.


In this paper, a new all optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) is proposed and analyzed. The scheme relies on using two optical Kerr shutters to reveal the OPLL's error signal. The set of optical Kerr shutters and the subsequent low-speed photodetectors realize two nonlinear cross-correlations between the local clock pulse stream (called pump in Kerr shutter notations) and the time-shifted replicas of the incoming received data signal (called probe). The outputs of the cross-correlators are subtracted to form the error signal of the OPLL. We characterize the mathematical structure of the proposed OPLL and identify its two intrinsic sources of phase noise, namely, randomness of the received optical data pulses and the photo-detectors' shot noises. The effects of the noise sources on the proposed OPLL performance are investigated, using the power spectral densities (PSDs) of the signals involved in the OPLL. Finally, PSDs are used to obtain a mathematical expression for the timing jitter. The analytical results show that only the shot noises due to photodetectors affect the OPLL performance, whereas the randomness nature of the incoming data signal has no effect on timing jitter of the proposed OPLL. The numerical results exhibit a sub-femtosecond timing jitter, which is considered to be extremely low and negligible in comparison to the extrinsic noises to OPLL usually originated from the electronic devices.


NE.\1 WHERE UNITS of the British Eigbth army and American Second corps troops made a jUllction on Ib~ Qabes·Gafsa road ill Tunisia April 7 these J'adl()J)hotos were taken. At the top, British soldiers IIIDY; (/Irrlu~b 'he 6abe9lrOp a/fer 'he sappers .had cui tJJrOU~Jl mine lIeids sowed by ihe retreating GerII\IIIS. Below, British armored vehicles cross anti-tank dUelles. Note soltller a.t lookout .post. ( .


Followings are resulted through the analysis of the main characters and the leaf ingredients, which is on the purpose of getting the basic materials to improve jaso and increase its production. Of the introduced varieties, Jukyeubjaso-stem length is 180㎝, ear length is 37㎝, No. of branches of stem is 27, leaf length is 16㎝, leaf width is 15㎝-has better character than any other. Gurye local-stem length is 179㎝, ear length is 38㎝-is taken to be the best in the Geo-ecotypic. In the yield of leaf and seed, Jukyeubjaso is 727㎏/10a, the greatest of all. In the leaf softness, all the introduced varieties are about 3.5 degrees, the Geo-ecotypic, about 2. The quality of the introduced varieties is better than that of the Geo-ecotypic. Estimating on the chemical analysis of leaf, Jukyeubjaso has Protein 21.84%, Total carbohydrate 7.91%, Fe 126ppm, and Gurye local has Protein 21.7%, Total carbohydrate 8.4%, Fe 148ppm, expressing the highest. In correlation coefficients of leaf chemical components, between Protein and Total carbohydrate, Protein and Mn, Protein and Fe, Protein and Cu all the sorts show the positive correlation. Among them the Geo-ecoypics show the highest significance.


This paper reports that during 1986, a small but significant number of skin contamination incidents at Northern States Power Company's Monticello Nuclear Generating Plant were believed to have been caused by residual contamination in dry-cleaned protective clothing. A survey of 24 other nuclear power plants in May and June of 1986 indicated that about half of these facilities had experienced instances of sweat-induced skin contamination on persons wearing laundered, clean protective clothing, and a simple experiment showed that perspiration was indeed capable of removing residual contamination from the 100% cotton fabric used in the Monticello Plant's coveralls. In order to further study this problem, a series of tests were performed on samples of the plant's protective clothing coveralls to determine how effective wet washing methods would be in removing residual contamination from this clothing, which previously had been laundered exclusively by dry cleaning.


The reason of blackspots on the surface of hot rolling and cold rolling strip steel was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum.The results showed that the blackspots on pickling hot rolling strip steel surface were mainly iron oxide,the blackspots on cold rolling strip steel surface were iron deoxidized from iron oxide on hot rolling strip steel surface.


Franchise value is the patent's value of future rents that a bank is expected to earn from its access to protected markets.It has a disciplining effect on risk-taking.With a panel data of five listed banks between 1999 and 2006 as the sample,we can measure the franchise value using the method of Tobin's Q and constitution the model of multiple linear regressions.We can find that the banks' franchise value has a disciplining effect in the five ones.That is to say,if a bank had high franchise value,it would have been managed in the safe way.However,following with the competition in our country,the franchise value is declining.Then,the efficiency of bank becomes the key factor of franchise value,which is in favor of the bank's soundness in the period of post-transition.


Emergy theory and analysis method were employed to compare the effects of pre-and post-reclamation of coal mining subsidence on emergy inputs and outputs of agricultural-ecosystem.The results showed that after reclamation,the total emergy input and output were 2.7 times and 3.1 times of those before reclamation,respectively.Reclamation significantly increased the rate of emergy input(defined as[renewable organic energy+unrenewable source production]/[renewable environmental resource+nonrenewable environmental resource]),which was 7.4 times of that before reclamation,indicating reclamation promoted local economic development of agricultural ecosystem.Emergy consumption per capita increased by 2.7 folds,suggesting improved living levels of local residents. Diversification of the developing agricultural structure decreased the yield ratio of net emergy after reclamation.Accordingly,an increase was observed for environmental loading ratio from 0.5 to 3.7,and for system stability indices from O.lto 0.36,suggesting reclamation of coal mining subsidence may improve the cyclic utilization efficiency and sustainability of agricultural ecosystem.


An innovative scheme of inertial fusion is introduced in which the plasma pressure is contained by a metallic shell while its heat is contained by a magnetic field. The scheme utilizes a self-generated, force-free magnetic field of≥102 T in a plasma with a density of-1021 cm-3 and a temperature of-10 keV which are produced by a laser and/or a particle beam in a hard electrically conducting shell. This new scheme can resolve some fundamental difficulties encountered in both magnetic and inertial fusions.


The putrescine analogue. (E)-1,4-diaminobut-2-ene (E-BED), synthesized as the dihydrochloride salt, controlled five economically important crop pathogens, Erysiphe qraminis DC f.sp. hordei Marchal. Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers.) Schroet, Botrytis fabae Sardina, Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. & Ev.) Salm. and Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary. The Z-isomer. Z-BED. was also fungicidal, although less so than E-BED. Post-inoculation treatment with E-BED gave greater control of powdery mildew infection on barley and rust and chocolate spot on broad bean than did pre-inoculation application. It was also effective in vitro against Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr., Pyricularia oxyzae Br. & Cav. and Pyrenophora avenae Ito & Karibay. When P. avenae was grown in the presence of E-BED dihydrochloride at 81·5 mg litre−1, growth was reduced by 58% and there were significant reductions in soluble ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) activity. These changes were accompanied by a sevenfold increase in putrescine concentration, a 60% increase in spermine concentration and a 32% reduction in spermidine concentration within the fungal tissue.


The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength high-swelling nanocellulose and polyving akohol composite hydrogel. The method comprises the following steps that nanocellulose suspension is added in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, and magnetic stirring is conducted to prepare mixed dispersion liquid; polyving akohol is added, and magnetic stirring is conducted for 3 h on the condition that the temperature is 95 DEG C; standing is conducted for 30 min at the constant temperature of 60 DEG C, the dispersion liquid is placed at the constant temperature after being frozen at low temperature, and freezing and thawing circulation is conducted for 5-8 times; obtained hydrogel is put in deionized water to swap out the dimethyl sulfoxide solvent in the gel, and the nanocellulose and polyving akohol composite gel is obtained. According to the preparation method of the high-strength high-swelling nanocellulose and polyving akohol composite hydrogel, reactions are physical reactions, and pollution to the environment in the preparation process is extremely low; by means of a mixed solvent system of dimethyl sulfoxide and water, formation of a uniform network structure of the nanocellulose and polyving akohol gel can be effectively facilitated, the formed three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure can effectively improve the strength and the swelling degree of the gel, the dimethyl sulfoxide can be directly swapped out from the gel after the reaction is completed, and the obtained biomass gel is free of toxicity and pollution.


The Egyptian baptistery represents an interesting structure of early Christian architecture. There are distinct temporal and regional differences between the sacramental images of different baptisteries Their development is basically comparable with other parts of the Roman Empire, excluding monastic baptisteries, which are apparently specific to Egypt.


On the basis of the practice of, discuss its demands of system, integral resources and the model of network system, and give the construction of date center, the choice of network line and the common way of organizing network during the proceed of urban and rural medical insurance network integration.


Apple is one of the oldest trees in the world which is widely cultivated because of it's highly compatibility with various climatic conditions. In this study, we applied phenological statistics of agricultural meteorology of Golmakan to anticipate different phonologic phases of apple using intelligent neural network. At first the matrix of input data which is consisting of climatic parameters such as minimum temperature, maximum temperature, the mean of daily temperature, absolute minimum temperature, and absolute maximum temperature has been established. The range of temperature changes, growing days and timed chilling unit (in silver tip phase) had been prepared for different phenological stages during 1999-2005; then the matrix of out coming data which, in fact, were the occurrence dates of different phenological stages of apple was prepared and the modeling of different phenological stages was performed by using neural network. In this study the accuracy of model was examined by using RMSE index and by contrasting real and anticipation dates during 2 years. For this purpose observed climatic and phenological data was also used in similar Figure at out of investigating zone. It's also specified we could anticipate phenological stages of apple with acceptable accuracy using climatic parameters.


This article brings the contemporary thinking and practice of Urban Environmental Management (UEM) to the solution of real problems in a major city of a developing country in Southeast Asia. Such cities confront more pressing problems than those in the developed world and have fewer resources to deal with them. The study first considers urban issues, poverty alleviation, industry, transportation, energy, water, sewage and sanitation, and finance, and then proposes a 5-year plan to help solve the urban environmental problems of Metro Manila, the Philippines, an environmentally complex, sprawling metropolitan region with over 24 million inhabitants.


A novel method for generating a reliable initial surface mesh of the interested scene from a quasi-dense point cloud is presented in this article. Given multiple images taken from different points of view, a robust quasi-dense point cloud is acquired by accumulative triangulation of the potentially matched feature points. In our proposed method, the feature points are detected with Harris-corner and SIFT detectors. SIFT and DAISY descriptors are used to describe the neighboring environment of the detected features and provide efficient matching possibilities. The proposed method can be parallelized almost at each phase, which makes it suitable for image datasets of different sizes. The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively on different types and sizes of image datasets.


The study ascertained the association between parental involvement and academic achievement of high school students. Structured questionnaire was the main instrument employed to gather information from 115 parents (men = 25; women = 90; age range = 28–45 years) and their 115 children (boys = 38; girls = 77; age range = 15–18 years). Correlation analysis was used to estimate the extent of association between parental involvement and their children's academic achievement. Parental involvement positively correlated with students' academic achievement. Children of parents involved in the home-based learning support activities and direct communication with their children had superior school grades than those from less involved parents.


In accordance to the coexistence theory of slag structure, the calculation model of action concentration for slag system of CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2-Cu2O was built up between 1 523 K and 1 733 K.With this model the action concentrations of the compounds in the slag were calculated at 1 523 K and 1 573 K, when the mass fractions of components in the slag fluctuate in the range of CaO 5%-20%, FeO 5%-50%, Cu2O 5%-25%, SiO2 5%-45%, Fe2O3 5%-70%.The influences of alkalinity and temperature on Cu2Oγ and γ SiO2 were analyzed.Then, the regression equations of the compound action concentrations were acquired by means of nonlinear regression analysis.The results show that the relative errors between the theoretical computational value N Cu2Oand the reported experiment measured value Cu2Oα are less than 10%, and they all increase linearly with the increase of copper content in slag.It is proved that this model can reflect the structure nature of the slag system.CaO can reduce the solvency of copper but improve the solvency of iron in the slag.The establishment of this model can provide a theoretical basis for the thermodynamic research of new copper smelting technologies of adopting calcium ferrite slag.


The Great Australian Bight (GAB) of southern Australia, shown in Figure 5.1, is unique in a world-wide context. It has a continental shelf which in some places is over 200 km wide, has a long ice-free east-west coast (2000 km), and is adjacent to the only circumpolar ocean. It supports a large shing industry, has prospects of oil exploration and, more recently, has become the site of a national marine park. For these reasons it is a region of academic interest and economic importance.


April 2014 • Volume 42 • Number 4 The initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill adults and children is fraught with controversy. Over the past 15 years, a limited number of retrospective multicenter and single-center adult studies have attempted to delineate associations between triggers for RRT initiation in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and poor patient outcomes, such as length of mechanical ventilation, hospital length of stay, dialysis dependence, chronic kidney disease, and mortality. A recent multicenter study of adult patients concluded that "marked variation" was associated with the start of RRT and that "RRT initiation with fewer clinical triggers was associated with lower mortality" (1, 2). Of these numerous "triggers," the most prominently cited for RRT initiation include change in serum creatinine, fluid overload and balance, falling urine output, number of organ failures, and the presence of sepsis. Unfortunately, there are few adult reports able to connect the dots between triggers and outcomes, secondary to sample size limitations. The pediatric literature studying RRT initiation triggers and association with relevant outcomes is even more sparse (3, 4). The lack of reliable data is problematic considering the high mortality, in both adult and pediatric populations, of patients placed on RRT. Additionally, the variability of the existing data makes formulation of best practice guidelines for RRT initiation difficult. The recent Kidney Diseases Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) consensus statement was unable to grade the existing evidence for RRT initiation, instead reissuing the call for research of initiation of RRT as a "top priority in AKI" (5). The Prospective Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (PP-CRRT), established in 2001 as a multicenter collaborative to describe existing practice and outcomes, has studied factors surrounding the initiation of pediatric RRT. Aside from associating severity of illness, organ dysfunction, and technical aspects of RRT with patient outcome, perhaps the most significant of the PP-CRRT registry has been the introduction and description of the deleterious detrimental associations of fluid overload in critical illness (6, 7). However, as the KDIGO statement points out, "strong evidence to suggest that preventing ... fluid overload with earlier RRT will improve outcome remains absent." In this issue of Critical Care Medicine, Modem et al (8) describe the association of timing of RRT initiation with outcomes in a single-center retrospective study of critically ill children. Through multivariable logistic regression, they demonstrate that initiation after 5 days of critical illness is an independent predictor of mortality. The odds ratio of 1.05 indicates an increase in mortality of 5% for every day of delay in initiating RRT. Furthermore, propensity score analysis quantified mortality in the early initiator group to be 20% lower than the late initiator group. Notable in their data is that a significant proportion of patients (84 of 190) had less than 10% fluid overload and that the degree of fluid overload was overall reduced compared with PP-CRRT studies, both in survivors and nonsurvivors. This gave the investigators to investigate factors outside of fluid overload. This report is the first robust pediatric evidence that, inclusive of all factors (and not just sepsis or fluid overload), earlier may actually be better in RRT! In the adult literature, there are a few reports adequately describing "late" initiation as associated with worse outcomes. From solely observational studies, including the multicenter Program to Improve Care in Acute Renal Disease, initiation stratified based on level of blood urea nitrogen at start of dialysis (early = below cutoff vs late = above cutoff) have shown a difference with associated risk of death (9, 10). Despite the data, the only way to determine the veracity of associating initiation triggers with outcomes is via randomized control trials (RCTs). The only randomized clinical trial by Bouman et al (11) studied ~100 patients who were randomized to RRT within 12 hours of onset of oliguria versus RRT triggered by the "classical conditions" but failed to see any significant differences in outcome. Although widely accepted conditions triggering RRT include acidosis, electrolyte and metabolic disturbances, ingestions, overload of fluid, and uremia-related complications (the "AEIOU" mnemonic that all medical students remember), the gray area of reality is much larger. Unfortunately, there exists considerable practice variability for the initiation of RRT for the purposes of volume control, provision of nutrition and drug delivery, regulation of acid-base and solute status, or cytokine removal. In addition, *See also p. 943.


This paper proposed a hybrid approach for concept extraction, which combined linguistic, statistical and semantic analyses. Similar to traditional methods, linguistic and statistical analyses were reserved; this paper innovatively adopted semantic analysis to analyze the semantic relationships of concepts in order to get a fine grained result. Another creative work is the combination of several statistical approaches from different perspective to filter the candidate concepts. Experiments had shown a promising result.


The paper presents simulation results for a number of arbitrarily shaped planar patch resonators which can be used for dual mode filter or coupled filter applications. The principle advantage of this computer aided design (CAD) model is its ability to determine precisely the scattering parameters with a relatively short computer time. This CAD procedure is able to solve the problem of a multiport junctions in planar circuits.


STATEMENT OF TECHNIQUE: Tile functions below simulate the familiar line editing f a c i l i t y of APL in function definition mode, thus extending this useful procedure to character vectors and matrices. The function EpI~ can be used to edit a character vector as follows: Io Enter 'VECTOR' EDIT POSITION where VECTOR is the character vector to be edited, and POSITION is a nonnegative integer indicating the position at which editing is to begin. I f POSITION=O is true, go to Step 4 below. 2. The character vector to be edited is displayed; the carriage returns, and spaces right to position POSITION. (See note 2 below). The keyboard unlocks. 3. Signal the deletion of characters with slash (/) , and the insertion of characters with alphanumerics, exactly as would be done in function definition mode. Return carriage. 4. The modified character vector is displayed; i f alphanumerics were entered in Step 3, the carriage backspaces to the position of the f i r s t inserted blank. The keyboard unlocks. 5. Insert characters as desired at blank positions of the displayed vector, just as would be done in function definition mode. Return carriage.


The applications of 2-d code which can be applied as an alternative tool on naming the inorganic compounds which is one of the chemical subjects that the science students have difficulty to understand, and on writing the chemical formulas can be used to raise the students' motivation against the learning. 2-d code; has started to be popular with its properties such as its practical usage and quick working (Polat, 2014) and its application fields in the education are assessed within the scope of methods which are known as the mobile learning in the much more general meaning. In this sense, it is considered that it will facilitate the passing between the educational material through the mobile device with the printed learning material with the use of the 2-d code applications by the students. It was aimed to determine the effect of worksheets with the applications of 2-d code in teaching the inorganic compounds as one of the important subjects of chemistry to the science students with this research. The quasi-experimental design of pre and post-tests for the single group was used in the research. The study group consists of 47 science students in total who receive their training at 1st grade of Science Teaching in Ondokuz Mayis University in Turkey. According to the answers which were given for the knowledge test, it was seen that there was a significant difference on behalf of the post-test, which the worksheets with the applications of 2-d code were used in teaching, between the pre-test success points which were obtained before the application and the post-test success points which were obtained after the application. According to the pre-test results of research, it was determined that the compounds of "KH (f=35) and ZnI 2 (f=32)" were written mostly in the correct form. Furthermore, it was seen that none of students wrote the following compounds in the correct form; "SO 3 , HBrO 3 , CoCl 2 .6H 2 O, KO 2 , HClO 2 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , H 2 CO 3 and NH 4 HSO 3 ". When the correct answers which were given to the post-test of research were reviewed, it was determined that the compounds of "KH (f=41), HgCl 2 (f=38), ZnI 2 (f=36) and CrCl 2 (f=34)" were mostly written in the correct form. Moreover, it was seen according to the pre-test results of research that none of the students could write the compounds of "nickel nitrate, periodic acid, iodic acid, mercury (II) sulphate pentahydrate, hypocholorous acid, chloric acid, sulphurous acid, sodium thiosulphate, silver dichromate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and phosphorous acid". When the answers which were given to the post-test of research were reviewed, it was determined that the most ones were "rubidium hydroxide (f=39), potassium perchlorate (f=37) and hypocholorous acid (f=36); the least ones were "nickel nitrate (f=2), phosphorous acid (f=2), sodium thiosulphate (f=1) and ammonium hydrogen phosphate (f=1)". If a compound's chemical formula is known, the connections can be provided to be done between the main subjects of chemistry that the lesson will be done much more attractive with the technology integration in the chemistry teaching as it is considered that an opinion is given about the bond pattern while it is understood how many molecules are available in whichever atom. Keywords: Science teaching, Inorganic compounds, Practice of 2-d code


The present study aimed to investigate the effect of various cryoprotective agents including 7% glycerol (GL), 7% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), 5% ethylene glycol (EG), 5% acetamide (AC) or 5% lactamide (LA) and their combinations (3.5% GL+3.5 DMSO, 3.5% GL+2.5 EG, 3.5% GL+2.5% AC and 3.5% GL+2.5% LA) on post-thawing motility, recovery rate (freezability), acrosomal status and enzymatic activity of asprtate (AST) and alanin (ALT) transaminases, acid (ACP) and alkaline (ALP) phosphatases and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in post thawed semen. Semen was collected twice a week from five Friesian bulls (3-4 years old and 600-650 kg LBW) by means of an artificial vagina. Only semen with progressive motility ≥70% was pooled and used for different treatments. Semen was extended, frozen and thawed with lactose-yolk citrate extender containing different levels of cryoprotectants. Conception rate was also estimated by AI. Results revealed that semen extended with combination of 3.5% glycerol plus 3.5% DMSO showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest percentage of sperm motility (60.2%), recovery rate (75.6%) and the lowest percentage of damage acrosome (10%) as well as the lowest (P<0.05) activity of AST and ALT (16 and 7 U/10 9 sperm), ACP and ALK (105 and 50 U/10 9 sperm) and LDH (145 U/10 9 sperm) in post-thawed semen, respectively. On the other hand, semen extended with EG showed significantly (P<0.05) the poorest results as a single or in combinations of cryoprotectants. In conclusion, using lactose-yolk-citrate extender containing a combination of 3.5% glycerol plus 3.5% DMSO during cryopreservation of bull semen showed the highest sperm motility, recovery rate and spermatozoa with intact acrosome in post-thawed semen, which reflected the highest conception rate of Friesian cows.


The buildings of public archives shelter documents of permanent value, which are of inalienable and imprescriptible guard. To check the level of fire protection to these permanent records in each building surveyed, it was applied the global analysis of fire risk using the Gretener Method. The text of the "IT 35-CBMMG", based on this method of performance (widely known) provides fire protection alternatives for the historical buildings (and their contents) of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, when it is not possible or aesthetically desirable, the adoption of security normative or prescriptive measures. The research result showed that showed that the buildings where are installed the public archives are of no conformity to risk of fire due to an in the safety versus protection. Another quick observation was the high volume of documents on paper (main fire load) accommodated in rooms of insufficient area to contain them, incurring specific fire loads much higher than the stipulated level in the specific standard. With the successive employment of active and passive protection measures in these constructions, the safety factors after each trial immediately improved, giving the building and its occupants a pro-safety situation, compared to the outbreak of fire, until unfavorable.


The purposes of the procedures outlined are: To provide additional criteria by which forest planning alternatives can be assessed; and to provide a means of determining the net energy balance characteristics of forest based resources. The present volume (Volume II) is designed to extend the procedures of Volume I to the Eastern and Southern Regions of the National Forest System. The two regions share some characteristics (such as the mix of softwoods and hardwoods) which make a common treatment possible.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of transdermal oestradiol on serum triglycerides in menopausal women with pre–existing mild to moderate hypertriglyceridaemia. Forty–four women, who had had a hysterectomy and who had been maintained on 50 μg unopposed oestradiol for six months, were divided into two groups: those with normal baseline triglyceride concentrations (0.4–2 mmol/L) (n= 34) and those with raised baseline readings (> 2–4 mmol/L) (n= 10). There was a significant reduction in the concentrations of serum triglycerides in both groups [‐9.6% (P 0.001) and −17% (P <0.001), respectively]. Transdermal oestradiol therapy may be a useful treatment option in menopausal women with pre–existing hypertriglyceridaemia. There is a need to conduct large, prospective, controlled trials using transdermal oestradiol to treat hypertriglyceridaemia in menopausal women.


We report the detailed chemical, immunological and pharmacological characterization of the α‐toxin Bot IX from the Moroccan scorpion Buthus occitanus tunetanus venom. Bot IX, which consists of 70 amino acids, is a highly atypical toxin. It carries a unique N‐terminal sequence extension and is highly lethal in mice. Voltage clamp recordings on oocytes expressing rat Nav1.2 or insect BgNav1 reveal that, similar to other α‐like toxins, Bot IX inhibits fast inactivation of both variants. Moreover, Bot IX belongs to the same structural/immunological group as the α‐like toxin Bot I. Remarkably, radioiodinated Bot IX competes efficiently with the classical α‐toxin AaH II from Androctonus australis, and displays one of the highest affinities for Nav channels.


The computer simulation model BEEF (Beef Energy and Economic evaluator for Farms) is used to determine minimum grain and fossil inputs in beef production. This model utilizes the System Dynamics (SD) approach to modeling and the GASP IV simulation language. The model components in SD consist of four basic expressions: levels, rates, auxiliaries, and constants. Flow diagrams and the sequence of computations used in SD are shown. An overview of the BEEF model is presented to provide an overall concept of the subroutine flow for seventeen activities including land taxes, paying hourly labor, machinery depreciation, income and expenses, purchases, sales, management decisions, and net worth of farms. Output from the model is tabulated in 24 categories covering land attributes, support systems, machinery, money accounts, notes payable and receivable, fertilizers, chemicals, present worth, and income statements. Tracing monitor outputs of management decisions are included. Descriptions of subroutines, complete listings of the BEEF model, data entry, FORTRAN listings of subroutines with variables used, and examples of output production strategies are contained in appendices.


In order to tailor inventory control to urgent needs of grocery retail, the discrete-event simulation model with realistic perishability mechanics is proposed in the paper. The model is stochastic and operates with multiple products under constrained total inventory capacity. Besides, the model under consideration is distinguished by quantity discount, uncertain replenishment lags and lost sales. The paper presents both mathematical description and algorithmic implementation. An optimisation framework based on a genetic algorithm is also proposed for deriving an optimal control policy. The proposed approach contributes to the field of industrial engineering by providing a simple and flexible way to compute nearly-optimal inventory control parameters.


Study objectives: Growing evidence have reported a number of abnormalities in the white matter bundles of narcolepsy patients. We sought to evaluate topological properties of brain structural networks, and their association with sleepiness and neuropathophysiological features in narcolepsy patients. Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted for 30 narcolepsy patients and matched healthy controls as well as sleepiness assessment and polysomnography. Structural connectivity for each patient was generated to analyze global and regional topological properties and their correlation with narcolepsy features. Further human brain transcriptome was extracted and spatially registered for connectivity vulnerability. Genetic functional enrichment analysis was performed and further clarified using in vivo emission computed tomography data. Results: A wide and dramatic decrease in structural connetivities was observed in narcolepsy patients, with descending global network degree and global efficiency. These metrics were not only correlated with sleep latency and awakenning features, but also reflects alterations of sleep macrostructure in narcolepsy patients. Further network-based statistics identified a small hyperenhanced subnetwork of cingulate gyrus that is closely related to rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in narcolepsy. Conclusions: Narcolepsy patients endured a remarkable decrease in the structural architecture, which is not only be closely related to sleepiness symptoms but also glutamatergic signatures.


Traditionally, when man was viewed as a psycho-physical unity, life after death was deemed quite impossible, particularly in the face of universal human mortality and inevitable bodily corruption. However, some modern anthropologically monistic philosophers, including most notably John Hick, have argued that life after death is possible.


In order to improve the auto practice training effect and reduce the cost of practice teaching,this article Honda Accord 2.4 engine is electronically controlled study,using Monitor and Control Generated System,developed with real-time experimental data acquisition,real-time design and hence troubleshooting electronic control engine functions such as practical teaching system.Practical application shows that the system has a friendly interactive interface,a good practical teaching effectiveness,greatly reducing the cost of practice teaching.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of learning hands-on activity media on the mathematical reasoning ability of junior high school students. The approach of this research is quantitative by using the quasi-experimental method. The research design is pretest-posttest with experimental and control class. The subjects of this study were seventth-grade students of the junior high schools in three schools in Bandung, totaling 278 people. The research data was obtained using a mathematical reasoning ability test. The results of study show that; the reasoning ability of students who get hands-on activity media learning is better than students who get conventional learning.


Layered oxyselenides have been widely investigated as promising thermoelectric materials due to their unique merits such as super‐lattice structural features and intrinsic complexity, which contributes to low thermal conductivity and easily controllable electrical properties. Newly developed Bi2LnO4Cu2Se2 (Ln stands for lanthanide) oxyselenides are found to be potential thermoelectric systems since they have excellent electrical conductivity over 103 S cm−1. In this work, unique energy and time‐saving method combined self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS) with spark plasma sintering (SPS) is adopted to successfully prepare a highly pure Bi2LnO4Cu2Se2 instead of a traditional solid‐state reaction. To explore the most suitable lanthanide for Bi2LnO4Cu2Se2, thermoelectric performance in a wide temperature range (300 to 923 K) of Bi2LnO4Cu2Se2 (Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er) is deeply evaluated and studied. Ultimately, with a relatively high electrical conductivity, moderate Seebeck coefficient, and extremely low thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT value of ≈0.27 at 923K is achieved in Bi2DyO4Cu2Se2, which is 4 times larger than that of the ever‐reported Bi2YO4Cu2Se2 and proves a potential thermoelectric system for further investigation. This work may provide some enlightenment and broaden the horizon in finding new thermoelectric materials, especially for complex layered compounds.


The use of plant-based molluscicides for snail control is gaining interest due to their eco-friendliness, affordability, availability, and ease of application compared to synthetic molluscicides. In this study, we investigated the molluscicidal potential of the aqueous leaf extract of Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. against two snail species, Bellamya bengalensis Lamarck. 1882 and Lamilidens marginalis Lamarck. 1819. The adult snails were exposed to various concentrations of the plant extract for different time intervals in laboratory conditions. Mortality rates were observed, and the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) was calculated using probit regression analysis. Water quality parameters were recorded using standard screening methods. The 96-hour LC 50 and LC 84 values against B. bengalensis were determined as 0.46g/L and 3g/L respectively. For L. marginalis, the 120-hour LC 50 and LC 84 values were found to be 0.7g/L and 1.12g/L respectively. Phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and tannins in the leaf extract create a synergistic effect of test snails. The observed toxic effect of A. leptopus leaf extract on the snails suggests its ability to interfere with their physiological metabolism


The report in four volumes presents the results of an analysis of the effects of cost changes on general aviation activity. The major objectives of the study were to investigate ownership and operating costs in each segment of general aviation, and to develop methodology for evaluating the cost impact of regulatory changes on general aviation activity. Volume 4 provides complete documentation of the data base. (Modified author abstract)


After a protest against Burma's military government exploded into bloody violence on August 8, 1988, some political dissidents applied for refugee status through the United Nations. Since 1990, nearly 6,000 members of Myanmar's ethnic groups settled in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The project's overarching question asks: How have photojournalists covered the lives of the Burmese? An archive of photographs published from 1992 through 2012 by Fort Wayne's The Journal Gazette was used for this qualitative analysis. Three major themes emerged: refugees as "freedom fighters," Aung San Suu Kyi as "superhero," and Burmese as helpless victims lacking agency. With mounting tensions concerning refugees arriving into Europe, this examination is important because media images may play a role in welcoming and integrating refugees into new communities.


This study examined the effect of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) and reading motivation on students' reading ability. The design of the study was the factorial design of experimental research. The research was conducted on one state junior high school in Jepara Municipality under the Ministry of National Education. The independent variable of this research was teaching strategies which were classified into two; those who used CIRC as the experimental group and those who used conventional teaching strategy as the control group; while reading motivation, as the moderator variable, was classified into high and low motivation. Students' reading ability was considered as a dependent variable. This research used 68 students as respondents selected through simple random sampling. The research was analyzed by using multifactor analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA). The research reveals that teaching strategies differ significantly from one another in their effect on the students' reading ability. The students with high motivation perform better in their reading ability than low-motivation students, regardless of the teaching strategy used. Nevertheless, there is no significant interaction effect of teaching strategy and reading motivation on students' reading ability. It means that the effect of teaching strategy on the students' reading ability does not depend on the students' reading motivation where F-test (3,326) is lower than (<) F-table 3,99. at 0,05 significance level.


Ridit analysis and rank sum test are used to compare the average levels between groups of ranked data.However,how to apply the two methods properly is not always so easy in practical researches.This article illustrates the critical points in application of Ridit analysis and rank sum test.Several examples are discussed,so that medical researchers are able to choose appropriate methods with the consideration of data characteristics and analyzing objectives according to the principles summarized at the end of the article.It is supposed to provide necessary help to obtain correct conclusions in comparing ranked data.


Purpose: To find out role of high serum homocysteine levels in retinal vein occlusion patients at Dr. D.Y. Patil medical College. Design: A matched case control type of study was conducted from 2016 to 2018. Materials and Methods: Total serum homocysteine (tHcy) was measured in patients coming at Dr. D.Y. Patil medical college, aged 20 years and above. We evaluated the presence of high homocysteine levels in patients with retinal vein occlusion. We evaluated serum homocysteine levels in 50 patients with retinal vein occlusion coming to our clinic. Control subjects consisted of age and sex matched patients that were referred to our clinic for retinal disease other than vascular occlusion. homocysteine levels between 4 μmol/L to 15 μmol/L were considered normal. High homocysteine level was defined as a total serum homocysteine level above 15 μmol/L. Results: The mean serum homocysteine level were 13.80+/-8.08 μmol/L (range, 4–33 μmol/L) for cases, and 6.43+/-1.38 μmol/L (range, 4–10 μmol/L) for controls. The mean serum homocysteine levels in cases were more than double that of controls. This difference was very highly statistically significant. Out of the 50 patients with retinal vein occlusion, 13 (26.00%) patients had serum homocysteine levels above normal levels as compared to the controls where none out of the 50 patients had homocysteine levels above normal. (Chi square = 14.94, d.f.=1, p<0.001), This difference was very highly statistically significant. 38 (60%) patients were present with hypertension in both cases and control groups. Conclusion: High homocysteine levels is a statistically significant risk factor for retinal vein occlusion and it should be evaluated in every patient with retinal vein occlusion.


We apply single-molecule high spatial and temporal resolved techniques to study the complex reaction dynamics associated with electron and energy transfer rate processes. The complexity and inhomogeneity of the interfacial ET dynamics often present a major challenge for a molecular level comprehension of the intrinsically complex systems, which calls for both higher spatial and temporal resolutions at ultimate single-molecule and single-particle sensitivities. Combined single-molecule time resolved spectroscopy, femtosecond ultrafast spectroscopy, and electrochemical atomic force microscopy (E-Chem AFM) approaches are unique for heterogeneous and complex interfacial electron transfer systems because the static and dynamic inhomogeneities can be identified and characterized by studying one molecule at a specific nanoscale surface site at a time. The physical nature of the observed multiexponential or stretched-exponential ET dynamics in the ensemble-averaged experiments, often associated with dynamic and static inhomogeneous ET dynamics, can be identified and analyzed by the single-molecule spectroscopy measurements. Single-molecule spectroscopy reveals statistical distributions correlated with microscopic parameters and their fluctuations, which are often hidden in ensemble-averaged measurements. The interfacial ET activity of individual dye molecules showed fluctuations and intermittency at time scale of milliseconds to seconds. The fluctuation dynamics were found to be inhomogeneous from molecule to molecule and from time to time, showing significant static and dynamic disorders in the dynamics. The inhomogeneous electron transfer rate due to the interaction between a dye molecule and the semiconductor surface depends on the chemical and physical nature of both dye molecule and the semiconductor.


The present invention provides a fastening device for laparoscopic hernia repair. Cooperative behavior of the two insert members during the closing and locking, to stabilize the fastener, before the device is released from the fastener, to ensure that is engaged in a location where the fastener is intended to. One of the insert member, when they are located within the recess at one end of the fastener, exhibits a closed configuration, including a pair of projections. The fastener includes a hook at one end, and a loop at the other end. Insertion member is pushed through the tissue fastener from the device. In at least one curvature of the insertion member is much spaces between the projections is in recessed within the fastener, to push the hook through the loop, thereby stabilizing the fastener to the device.


Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films, micro‐ and nanostructures are promising candidates for applications in optoelectronic devices. In this work, low cost sol‐gel spin coating and hydrothermal techniques were used to fabricate the ZnO films on glass substrates and ZnO microstructures on oxidized silicon substrates, respectively. The structural properties of the ZnO samples were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The influence of precursor concentration in the sol‐gel processes on the properties of the ZnO films and microstructures was investigated and will be discussed in this paper.


In Australia, there are no current national estimates of the risks of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human T‐lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) by musculoskeletal tissue transplantation. We determined the prevalence rates of antibodies against HIV (anti‐HIV), HCV (anti‐HCV) and HTLV (anti‐HTLV) and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for 12 415 musculoskeletal tissue donors from three major bone tissue banks across Australia for the period 1993–2004. The prevalence (per 100  000 persons) was 64.44 for anti‐HIV, 407.13 for HBsAg, 534.63 for anti‐HCV and 121.88 for anti‐HTLV. The estimated probability of viremia at the time of donation was 1 in 128  000, 1 in 189  000, 1 in 55  000 and 1 in 118  000, respectively. With the addition of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), the probability of donor viremia would be reduced to 1 in 315  000 for HIV, 1 in 385  000 for HBV and 1 in 500  000 for HCV. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV although low, are higher among musculoskeletal tissue donors than among first‐time blood donors. The risks associated with musculoskeletal donation will be reduced with NAT, though further cost analysis is required prior to its implementation.


Supply chains laws are not only legal and legitimate from the perspective of international law; they are even required by both international law and EU law. Otherwise a "democratic and equitable international order" will remain elusive. The European Commission has recognised this in its recent proposal for a Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence.


Abstract Please click here to download the map associated with this article. A1:30,000 scale map of the snout and proglacial landscape of the surging Icelandic glacier Tungnaárjökull, based upon aerial photography from 1995, immediately after a surge, allows an assessment of the spatial variability in landform-sediment imprints of catastrophic glacier advance across upland bedrock ridges. The ice-margin parallel alignment of the bedrock ridges locally strongly directs proglacial meltwater drainage and initiates strong compression in the ice during surging, resulting in the development of prominent ice-cored hummocky moraine composed of glacifluvial sediment. Diagnostic surge landforms elsewhere on the foreland include thrust block and push moraines, overridden ice-cored thrust block moraines, crevasse squeeze ridges, long flutings, hummocky moraine and ice-cored, pitted outwash.


Abstract A low-cost movable weir to block migration of salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and steelhead (O. mykiss) is described. The weir cost US$24/linear foot to build and install. It can be operated in waters up to 44 in deep, and weir pickets can be removed readily if stream waters rise too high.


The ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure has been tremendously changed during the last couple of decades and the result made a big change in the computing environment. Due to this drastic advance, now we are enjoying a convenient living environment that we couldn't have ever experienced before. In addition to this situation, the prospective emerging technologies such as the cloud computing and the mobile computing are newly approached and trying to realize a new life infrastructure combined with so-called a whole-cyber complex that is becoming fully connected and proportional to our real world. These results of this evolutionary transformation are part of essential components of the world with the augmented three dimensional common user interface to a single unified cyber-physical space. Even though the convenience the ICT environment gives, some accompanied adverse activities have been arisen continuously. In particular, the information leakage is a severe one of these problems. Due to the features of the digitalized data, which are pseudo-invisible and pseudo-conceptual, they tend to be more easily exposed to others than the physical resources in the traditional environment. Moreover, the situation is becoming worse because these data are extended to include such sensitive information as personal privacy and enterprise secrets. Additionally, adversaries can easily deceive legitimators though the legitimators have difficulties to detect the adversaries during a leakage happens. For example, the user passwords are stealthily duplicated through eavesdropping the keyboard inputs. Even secure USB memories are completely copied through several trials of reversing. To make the problem worse, the networked environment may also provide potential covert holes for the leakage. As the information leakage has been one of the most concerned problems in the existing ICT environment, this will still look much more serious in the new cyber-physical environment because its complex combinations of vulnerabilities may become the foundation for potential leaks. Even though many researches have been trying to evade the problem, preventing the information leakage is still more than a degree of challenge, of which technologies span from theories to practices including cryptography, access control, management, assessment and etc. As mentioned, the two representative entities in the new environment will be the cloud and the mobile, which are the server and the client in the new service space. In public cloud services, many independent people or companies may delegate processing and storing most of their own information to unauthorized remote agents and access it through the mobile clients. Unauthorized leak of critical information in this case can cause a significant damage to the agent's reputation and to the customers' property as well. For this special issue, we qualified the presentations in MIST20121(The 4th International Workshop on Managing Insider Security Threats held on November 8-9, 2012 at Kyushu University in Japan) and the thirteen best papers were carefully selected through several rounds of strict three reviews. During


The disclosure describes load-bearing feet and method of supporting a load. Such systems and methods may include providing a load-receiving foot with a column having an outer diameter and a first end opposite a second end, a saddle which is attached to the first end of the column, a support pin extending transversely through the column can be extended and fixedly mounted on the column and a pipe which is able to take up the column, and a plurality of pin receiving slots disposed in the tube and are able to receive the pin, the tube in may be able to receive the column and the pin through the first end of the tube, and wherein the column can be arranged to be rotated within the tube to move from a top of the pipe upward so that the saddle engages with the load to be supported.


The paper systematically analyzes the corrosion control method of steel structures and the corrosion characteristics of marine steel structures.In view of the operation conditions of Garolim tidal project in South Korea,it puts forward the corrosion control option of hydraulic structures through applying electric arc hot-sprayed metals plus sacrificial anode protection.


Objective: Phytosterols are group of steroidal alcohol play important roles in structural component in the cell membrane and play a role in membrane stability. There are almost 22 different sterols are found yet and the major phytosterols include s-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the bioactive principles from the chloroform fraction of Argemone Mexicana L. Methods: The isolation was done using column chromatography using gradient elution with different mobile phases. The isolated compound was subjected to spectral analysis. Structure elucidation was carried out on basis of spectral analysis. Results: The chemical investigation of the chloroform fraction of aerial parts of belonging to the family Papaveraceae led to the isolation of stigmasterol. The isolated compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic data as well as chemical studies. Conclusion: From the spectral characteristics, the isolated compound from the chloroform fraction of aerial parts was confirmed to be stigmasterol. This is the first ever report of these stigmasterol compound from the chloroform fraction of aerial parts of Argemone mexicana .


[500131-50-0] C12H17F2N (MW 213.27)

InChI = 1S/C12H17F2N/c1-4-15(5-2)12(13,14)11-8-6-7-10(3)9-11/h6-9H,4-5H2,1-3H3

InChIKey = SGDDSVYULWVCQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(reagent used for the conversion of primary, secondary, and benzylic alcohols to the corresponding fluorides, 1,2- and 1,3-diols to acylated fluorohydrins or monoacylated diols, aldehydes to gem-difluorides, epoxides to vic-difluorides, β-diketones to β-fluoro-α,β-unsaturated ketones, and diethanolamine to cyclic amide acetal)

Alternative Name: DFMBA.

Physical Data: bp 81–83 °C/4 mmHg; d = 1.03 g cm−3 at 25 °C; stable up to 180 °C and decomposes gradually at 210 °C.

Solubility: well soluble in CH2Cl2, toluene, and Et2O; slightly soluble in hexane.

Form Supplied in: colorless liquid, commercially available.

Analysis of Reagent Purity: 1H NMR.

Purification: distillation under N2.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: decomposes gradually by moisture in air; therefore, operations should be carried out under minimum contact to moisture. Glassware can be used, but the use of Teflon™ vessels is recommended. Can be stored in the refrigerator under inert atmosphere.


The aim of this work was to establish the effect of the dose of liquid cow manure (LCM) on some chemical properties and biological activity in an Andisol. This study was carried out under laboratory conditions using an Andisol and LCM from a dairy farm located in the South of Chile. The dose of LCM were the equivalent to 0 (S0), 100 (S100), 200, (S200) and 300 (S300) thousand L ha -1 . This amount is equivalent to regular agronomic LCM applications. The chemical characterization indicated that the LCM addition modified all the tested Andisol chemical properties. These begin to return to the initial conditions from 10 days on, with the exception of EC, K and DOC. The C- CO2 evolution indicated that LCM incorporation at increasing dose enhanced the respiratory activity. Enzyme activity was greater in the amended soils than in S0. The results of this study indicated that the period of time necessary for the LCM amended soils returning to a similar behavior to S0 is more than 10 days, with a strong correlation between the chemical properties of the amended soils and their biological activity, mainly C-CO2 evolution.


This reflection on the field of activity of librarians emphasize the effectiveness of Bibliotherapy in the reestablishment of individuals suffering from emotional disorders. The general objective is to discuss issues related to emotional disorders, while presenting Bibliotherapeutic suggestions as complementary alternatives. The field of action, both for the librarian as for any other professional, implies realizing that each profession is linked to a certain level of knowledge. Bibliotherapy as a reading practice uses verbal and nonverbal texts as adjuvants in the treatment of people affected by physical or mental illnesses. Bibliotherapy is recommended for people facing emotional disorders.


The unreasonable compensation for land acquisition led to an increasing number of rural land disputes. This paper attempts to implant market factor in land acquisition activities, under the assumption of the fair-oriented government,it uses the bargaining game model to study land units and landless farmers in land acquisition. The results show that the price of land compensation depends on two factors: the degree of patience on both sides(the discount factor) and their valuation levels on the land, and the government only play a regulatory role in land acquisition.The fundamental way to alleviate conflicts of interest is to establish the free flow of the market of rural collective construction land.


Objective To understand the injury death pattern and trend as well as the influence on people's health,provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of injury.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the death cause surveillance data in Kunming fro 2006 to 2010 by using Access/Deathreg 2005 software and Excel.Results The injury death rate declined by 13.81% and ranked fourth among all death causes during this period,Totally 14 887 injury deaths were reported,the average annual death rate was 75.93/lakh and the standard death rate was 67.08/lakh.The gender specific average annual death rate and standard death rate were 101.80/lakh and 90.76/lakh respectively in males and 48.72/lakh and 41.89/lakh respectively in females.The first 5 injury death causes were traffic accident,suicide,accidental falling down,accidental poisoning and drowning.The death rate of traffic accidents increased by 9.11% from 18.44/lakh in 2006 to 20.12/lakh in 2010,the death rate of suicide declined by 39.53% from 19.91/lakh in 2006 to 12.04/lakh in 2010 and the death rate of accidental falling down declined by 12.60% from 16.59/lakh in 2006 to 14.50/lakh in 2010.Drowning and traffic accident were the major death causes respectively in males and females aged 0-14 years.Traffic accident and suicide were the major death causes respectively in males and females aged 15-59 years.Accidental falling down was the major death cause both in males and in females aged 60 years.The injury death rate and standard death rate were 42.84/lakh and 35.83/lakh respectively in residents in urban area and 98.50/lakh and 89.94/lakh respectively in residents in rural area.The first 5 death causes were traffic accident,accidental falling down,suicide,accidental poisoning and others in urban area and suicide,traffic accident,accidental falling down,accidental poisoning and drowning in rural area.Conclusion Injury has become one of the major deaths causes in the residents in Kunming,it is necessary to conduct comprehensive prevention and control according to the change trend of injury death causes.


The pedigree of world expositions dates back to 150 years ago. Occasionally, landscape has brought some color to the expositions. However, the role that landscape design played at "Expo 2005 Aichi, Japan" altered dramatically, compared to previous world expositions. Environmental assessment and security precautions were carried out over five years. Preparations for the site plan for the venue were not buried beneath the highly detailed security precautions. Designs for the garden construction system respected the key principles of the site construction, "3R - Reduce, Reuse and Recycle", and material development for the landscaping of the site clearly reflected the theme of "Expo 2005 Aichi, Japan" "Nature's Wisdom" - and the presentations utilizing it. Furthermore, there were proposals, designs, construction surveillance and management of core facilities throughout the venue, such as the "Bio Lung" and "Japanese Garden". Such attempts originated from the conviction that the frontier of landscaping in the 21st century is positioned with "biological emulation technology" and "biological application technology" in the scientific technology area, and if it is embodied into a space, it is desirable that the space strike a chord with visiting citizens, who would spontaneously experience a sense of participation. This is the reason why the concept of the site presentation for "Expo 2005 Aichi, Japan", from Exposition to Experience", also reflects such a viewpoint.


I was very lucky to have a wedding right on my doorstep on Sunday 28th August 2011. Kate and Laurie's wedding was at Harrowden Hall (venue Link)  in Wellingborough, just 7 or 8 miles from my base in Higham Ferrers. I hadn't been to Harrowden Hall for...


This new diagnostic tool has been used to good effect in several special fields of diagnoses. This paper reveals its potential in the demonstration of abdominal masses and lesions. The author considers its contribution to the diagnosis of tumors, to the planning of treatment, especially of irradiation, and in following the response to treatment and showing recurrence of disease. He indicates that additional steps are needed to perfect its effectiveness.


Pediatric esophageal motility disorders cover a wide spectrum of disorders, varying in prevalence, severity and symptom burden. This thesis comprises of studies on the (patho)physiology, diagnosis and management underlying gastroesophgeal reflux (GER) episodes, (presumed) GER related extraesophageal symptoms and the motility disorder achalasia. The value of novel diagnostic techniques in pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and motility disorders and the treatment of pediatric GERD with acid suppression are explored. The final part of the thesis describes a study on the prevalence, characteristics and management of pediatric achalasia in the Netherlands. The results of the presented studies in this thesis indicate the need to rethink our current diagnostic and treatment approach towards pediatric GERD and the need to develop novel diagnostic tools and treatment strategies. We provided a basis for more clinical and laboratory-based research, looking further into the mechanisms behind triggering of the main mechanism underlying GERD: transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations. Furthermore, we identified a relationship between protonpump inhibitor treatment and respiratory complications in patients admitted at the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Acid suppression therapy in pediatric patients might not prevent extra-esophageal reflux symptoms and potentially increases the risk of (secondary) respiratory infections, especially in PICU patients. Finally, the data on diagnosis and clinical management of a Dutch pediatric achalasia shows there is a need to internationally cooperate and ensure optimal management of this severe motility disorder at a pediatric age.


The encoding of complex arithmetical text problems is frequently impaired in patients with frontal lesions. Several studies have reported that verbal cues provided by the experimenter can improve these patients' encoding abilities and subsequently their arithmetical problem solving performance. We studied three patients who were in the chronic stage after a severe head trauma and who failed to solve complex arithmetical word problems. A systematic training with a specific cueing technique over eight weeks resulted in substantially improved word problem solving in terms of correctly applied operational steps, but not in terms of correct solutions. The observed training effect was specific for arithmetical word problems and did not extend to other tasks. The results show that the encoding of complex word problems may improve in head trauma patients if sufficient training is given.


This article examines the different concerns and perspectives of the residents and staff in a battered women's shelter. The staff's ideology was at variance with the residents' expectations of what the shelter would provide, while staff-imposed rules often contradicted the ideology. These differences in perception had consequences for everyday life within the shelter. The analysis suggests that understanding why so many women return to violent homes from shelters requires an awareness of the institutional processes within shelters themselves. More generally, this study emphasizes the conflicts that arise in situations where long-term service providers' interests and views differ from those to whom they provide service.


The late nineteenth century featured an Arab renaissance or nahda, emanating mainly from Cairo and the major urban centers of Greater Syria. In this nahda, Jamal al-Din al-Afghani (1838-97) and his student/associate, Muhammad 'Abduh (1849-1905), are regarded as the founders of "Islamic modernism." This movement attempted to adapt traditional Islamic concepts and make them applicable to the modern world.1 Within this framework, maslaha (welfare) turns into utility, shura (consultation) into parliamentary democracy, and ijma' (consensus) into public opinion.2 Al-Afghani and 'Abduh pushed for reform through their influential journal al-..Urwa al- Wuthqa (The Firmest Bond). As a reformist movement, Salafism called for return to the rightful practices of Islam epitomized by al-salaf al-salih (the pious predecessors), referring to the early Muslims who either lived during the time of the prophet or during the idealized incipient Islamic period.3 Among the primary concerns of the Salafimovement was the concept of ijtihad-legal interpretation and decisions based on critical thinking independent of the traditional legal schools of thought (madhahib). Ijtihad is against taqlid (blind imitation), which Salafis referred to as a disease. This emulation, they argued, was also the principle underlying legal school bias (ta'assub madhhabi).4 At a time when terms such as "rational" and "modernity" were being wielded against religion, 'Abduh's "Islamic modernism" stressed that:The true Islam of the ancestors [al-salaf al-salih] had bestowed rationality on mankind and created the essentials of modernity, which the West had borrowed. While Europe moved forward on the basis of these borrowings, the Muslims fell into error and corrupted and abandoned the true Islam. The cure for the present humiliation and abasement of the Muslims was to return to the true Islam of their ancestors.5Muslims, Salafis contended, had deviated from the "true Islam" and consequently suffered from stagnation (jumud).6 'Abduh therefore condemned emulation, which he saw as obstructing the voluntarism necessary for revival, and encouraged the exercise of reason in "worldly affairs."7 It is important to differentiate here the modern-day Salafimovement derived from the teachings of Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab associated with Saudi Arabia; thus in the context of this article, the term Salafiwill refer to classical Salafism, the reform movement based on the teachings of al-Afghani and 'Abduh.The most prominent disciple of al-Afghani and 'Abduh was Sheikh Muhammad Rashid Rida (1865-1935).8 Born in Ottoman Syria, Rida moved to Cairo after al-Afghani's death to collaborate with 'Abduh in launching the most influential Islamic reform journal/magazine of the early twentieth century, al-Manar (The Lighthouse), which appeared from 1898 until Rida's death in 1935.9 Although there is considerable research on Rida's political and religious influence during his time,10 there is less information regarding his influence on the Arabian Peninsula. This article traces the extent to which his ideas penetrated Kuwait and contributed to shaping a Kuwaiti national identity. It illustrates how Rashid Rida's ideas deeply resonated with some of Kuwait's leading intellectuals and influential figures who in turn shaped Kuwait's "high culture," as defined by Ernest Gellner, a state-supported drive to cultural homogeneity through "standardized, literacy and education-based systems of communication."11 Chief with regard to this determination of a national and cultural identity was a drive toward civic activism. Rida was a keen advocate of this dynamism, which was commonly associated with European success and believed to be a feature that Muslims had lost, hence bringing about their subordinate position. Positive effort for Rida was the essence of Islam and the most general meaning of jihad, which he claimed to be a binding duty for all Muslims.12 Societal participation in institution building with an emphasis on education was a recurring theme in Rida's fight against the "disease" of jumud. …


In this study,conditions of breeding Pro-cambarns Clarkii were controlled.Samples were taken from cheeks,heatocirrhosis,venter muscles and cheliped muscles of these bred crawfishes,as the breeding time was 0,7,14,21,28,35,42,49 and 56 days respectively.Heavy metals including Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb and Cr of these samples and environmental water samples were quantitatively analysed by means of AAS.The results indicated that the occurrence rate of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,and Cr in the four parts of the crawfishes was 100%;Heavy metals accumulated in the crawfish increased slightly with the breeding days increasing.Thus,the view that the crawfishes spit out heavy metals is wrong.


Objective To explore the relationship between behavioral problems and family factors, and to take prevention measures to reduce children's behavioral problems. Methods Achenbach Children Behavior Checklist and Family Environment Scales were adopted to survey 720 male middle school students aged 12-16 in Guangzhou. Results The factors of family environment were relative to the factors of behavioral problems. The higher score in Cohesion, the lower scores were found in Conflict, Rule-Breaking Behavior and Aggressive Behavior while the lower score in Intellectual-Cultural Orientation, the higher score was found in Schizophreniform. Conclusion The relationship among family members has more influences on behavior problems. Family members' interests on politics, society, intelligence and culture are helpful to the establishment of adolescent boys' identity, which can prevent from role confusion and behavioral problems.


IT MUST now be about 20 years since my teacher and friend George Barger spoke in this Institution on the early work on the chemistry of throxine which had been done in my laboratory and in which he and I had been associated. When I received the honour of an invitation to deliver this Richardson Lecture, it seemed to me appropriate that I should use the occasion for a review of the progress of work on the thyroid problem from the point where Barger left off. Naturally I shall treat the subject almost entirely from the biochemical point of view, for it is this aspect of the work with which I have been partly concerned and which I have followed most closely; also I must begin my story a little earlier than the date that I have mentioned. The discovery of thyroxine by Kendall in 1915, followed a little more than ten years later by the elucidation of its chemical constitution and by its synthesis (Harington, 1926; Harington and Barger, 1927),


A series of radical cations has been generated from various cyclopropane derivatives by photoinitiated electron transfer to chloranil. Nuclear spin polarization effects observed during these reactions have been interpreted as evidence for the structure of these intermediates. Tri- and tetraalkylsubstituted cyclopropanes (1, 3, 4) form "trimethylene" radical cations in which the most highly substituted carbon–carbon bond is broken (or weakened). The benzocyclopropanorbomene (12) forms a radical cation in which spin and charge are located in the benzenoid ring; the tertiary cyclopropane protons are coupled by a homohyperconjugative interaction; otherwise, the cyclopropane ring is unaffected. To the radical cation derived from bis-methanoparacyclophane (17) a trimethylene structure is assigned in which the benzylic carbons are pyramidal. Finally, benzonorcaradiene (20) forms a radical cation in which the two secondary–tertiary bonds are lengthened and in which the methylene group bears spin density.


Apparatus for cleaning and disinfection of toothbrushes (20), comprising: - a container (1) for containing a liquid cleaning or disinfecting means (2), - a spray head (3) connected to the container (1) and the liquid (2) contained therein is in operative connection, and - a cleaning head (8) with a cleaning chamber (10) for a toothbrush head in which the spray head (3) projects, wherein the cleaning chamber (10) a for holding a brush head (19) of a toothbrush (20) sufficiently large space above the container (1), said cleaning chamber (10) at least one receiving opening (11) for the brush head (19), and in the cleaning chamber (10) is provided a device for initiating a flushing operation, characterized in that the means for initiating the spraying a pump lever (4) is obtained by means of the pressure through the receiving opening (11) in the cleaning chamber (10) introduced toothbrush (20) is actuated.


Acommon refrain in much of the critical literature from the 1980s and 1990s has been that electronic media affect dramatically (and negatively) how we experience and understand place. For example, in his influential book, No Sense of Place, Joshua Meyrowitz argues that electronic media "lead to a nearly total dissociation of physical place and social 'place'." He writes, "when we communicate through telephone, radio, television, or computer, where we are physically no longer determines where and who we are socially." Characterizing many accounts of the Internet from this period is a strong techno-boosterist rhetoric that conceived of this "new" media space as a dematerialized space disconnected from "physical space," a disembodied space free from the constraints of geography and physics and, in more extreme cases, the messy contingencies of the flesh. In these accounts, place is generally cast in pejorative terms, as a constraint to be overcome. Yet, the pejorative sentiments of these "transcendent" visions of electronic media are far less common in the available critical literature on mobile media. This is perhaps because, unlike many other aspects of new technology, mobile media are fundamentally concerned with our negotiation and engagement Meyrowitz


Patch testing (Finn Chambers and Scanpor tape) was positive to fragrance mix ( + +) in the European standard series and to lemongrass oil ( + + ), neroli oil ( +) and peppermint oil ( +) in a perfume series. Patch testing with her own essential oils (diluted 5% and 1% pet.) was positive to 17 of the 20 oils chosen (Table 1). She recalled that the first oil that she had ever used in aroma therapy was lemongrass oil. 10 controls were entirely negative, and she again reacted positively when 5 of the essential oils were retested.


The paper shows an example of geophysical survey by GPR and electrical resistivity tomography within the engineering survey of the railway overpass construction. Specific feature of this object is an increased level of anthropogenic interference. It has a significant impact on the field data of electric survey, increasing error in selecting electric tomography model, thereby reducing uniqueness of geological interpretation on the stage of office processing. An approach for combined geophysical data processing and interpretation is considered at calculating electric tomography model, lithological boundaries allocated by GPR are used as a priori data. Using this approach reduces the error of selecting electric tomography model, and uncertainty of geological interpretation of geophysical data obtained under the influence of man-made interference during the works in derivation area of existing railway.


On the basis of analysis about information content in rural areas,the level of development of information technology and information technology in rural areas in Xinjiang.After referencing national and regional integrated assessment index system about the rural informatization,Development of the calculation and evaluation of of comprehensive factors affect the level of development of Xinjiang rural areas,through using the method of AHP based on expert choice,it establishes the integrated assessment index system of Xinjiang's rural informatization.


The demand for humanitarian and development aid has risen to an unprecedented level in recent years. With a pressing need for new solutions, designers have started using digital fabrication (3D printing, CNC milling and laser cutting) to produce life-saving items. However, many organisations are failing to create the impacts they desire, and the social aspect of sustainability has been largely overlooked. This paper addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating guidelines for Design for Social Sustainability, specifically looking at digital fabrication for humanitarian and development projects. Building on existing literature and conducting three in-depth case studies of healthcare related products, the research develops a framework for Design for Social Sustainability. It provides useful guidelines to help plan and evaluate digital fabrication projects in the humanitarian and development sector. The findings show how design can trigger social sustainability at product, process and paradigm levels. Specifically, the case studies reveal the potential for digital fabrication to lead to more systems-focused, radical social sustainability. The paper concludes that an iterative and holistic approach to Design for Sustainability is needed, that begins by examining the social dimension first.


A highway - railway grade crossing ( HRGC ) is a special type of intersection where the right - of - way between the highway authorities and the state railway are shared . The traffic warning devices can be divided into two groups : passive ( e . g . stop sign ) , andactive ( e . g . flashing lights and automatic barriers ). This paper presents an investigation into the approaching speeds of private vehicles ( i . e . motorcycles and cars ) at four HRGC locations in Songkhla . At each location, the speed data wasobtained by a speed gun, whereas the driving behavior involving safety issues was collected by video recording . The results show that the average approaching speed of the crossings was approximately 2 1 kph for the passive, and approximately 40 kph for the active traffic warning devices . Moreover,the response time to traffic warning deviceswas 5 . 3 and 7 . 5 seconds for active crossings;9 . 82 and 9 . 11 seconds for passive crossings . Although most drivers reduced their speed, some still did not act according to the regulatory signs . This is a critical issue which authorities must take into account .


A micro biomimetic swimming robot based on giant magnetostrictive thin film (GMF) actuator is developed. Its working principle is to convert magnetic energy into mechanical vibration of its GMF actuator on the action of piezomagnetism and magneto mechanical coupling of its micro GMF when oscillating magnetic field with different frequencies is externally applied, thereafter propulsive force on robot is generated under the coupling action between vibrating GFM and liquid. On basis of setting up dynamic model of GFM in cantilever structure according to force oscillation theory and establishing modeling of its undulatory motion, relationship between resonance modes of tail fin and propulsive forces on robot is analyzed. Swimming experimental results about robot prototype show the correctness of the theoretical analysis


Objective To set up a sensitive,thorough and simple method of psychological assessment based on the need of patients with distress and cancer.Methods Four hundred and eighty-three cases were tested from 23 February 1999 to 31 December 2001.The Psychological disturbances of cancer patients were classified into four types:health,common,rapid change and high risk.Corresponding psychosocial intervention was given according to the different types. Therapeutic results were assessed according to the SDS and SAS made by Zung and psychological classification.Results 63.8% patients were of common type at hospitalization and 70.6% of health type at discharge.The SDS and SAS scores at discharge droped significantly comparing with those at hospitalization,P0.001.Conclusion A new method of mass psychological assessment and psychotherapy for domestic cancer patients is proposed firstly,and it warrants future research and evaluation.


The Bible Belt1 in the Southern United States is known for its conservative values, which are largely influenced by the popularity of evangelical Christianity in the region. When looking at sex education, policymakers in the area tend to prefer abstinence-only-until-marriage (AOUM) education, if anything, to be implemented in schools (Guttmacher Institute 2019). In this paper, I will use data on the sexual health outcomes in the Bible Belt, as compared to the Northeast, to demonstrate that the lack of comprehensive sex education — and the popularity of abstinence-only education — contributes to inequality in our country. Personal Values or Human Rights Issue? Whether comprehensive sex education should be available in schools is often seen as a matter of personal values and belief systems. Critics of comprehensive sex education argue that the sensitive topic of sexuality should be left to parents and caregivers to address in a way that reflects their family's values (Jackson 2013). In the Bible Belt, these values often stem from conservative Protestantism, which deems non-marital sex a sin (though it should be noted that many people living in the region do not share these values). Proponents of abstinence-only education claim that it will delay sexual behavior until later in life and reduce the number of partners students have, which will lead to lower rates of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (Bleakley, Hennessy and Fishbein 2006). It is true that successfully refraining from sexual activity is the most certain way to avoid STIs and accidental pregnancy, which is a strong argument in favor of encouraging abstinence among youth. However, many people find abstinence hard to implement, and it severely limits options for sexual expression and intimacy. While some see sex education as a matter of personal values, others see it as a human rights issue. According to the United Nations Population Fund (the UN's sexual and reproductive health agency, also known as UNFPA), "comprehensive sexuality education empowers young people to know and demand their rights." UNFPA argues that access to information about sexual health can have a "cascading effect" on human rights (UNFPA 2016). For instance, accidental pregnancy in adolescence can cause girls to drop out of school, preventing them from accessing


The scientific paper shows the differences of yield level at maize crop inside two agrary farms, at similar crop technology application. The differences are explained by the soil influence, respectively vertic chernozem at the first farm and typical chernozem at the second one. The analysis of maize crop during vegetation, as well as the level of yield at both farms (in t/h) revealed that low water permeability, the field water capacity and withered coefficient have been the restrictive elements for vertic chernozem. So, despite quite similar technology, the maize yield was 9.5 t/ha on chernozem soil at one farm and 8 t/ha on vertic chernozem at the second farm, which represents almost 16% difference between the two agrary units. Results reveal that, at similar crop technology, the soil is the one element which can make a significant difference.


The cable comprises a finish (5, 6, 7), of tubular shape, which encloses a plurality of protective tubes (1A, 1B) in which optical fibers are housed in groups and have a relative freedom of movement . These tubes are arranged in layers at which they are arranged in helice.Le cable comprises at least one layer composed of a tube assembly (1A) which has an outer diameter smaller than that of the tubes (1 B) of a layer that surround the tubes of the two layers containing all the same number of optical fibers (2).