Putting on hearing aids (HAs) is a regular and crucial task for every hearing aid wearer. A sub-optimal insertion can impact user adoption and audiological benefit. Ability to visually evaluate the insertion can be helpful to achieve a proper physical fit of hearing aids or similar devices, but this is currently a challenging task. In this work we present CheckMyFit, a smartphone-based, automated solution enabling users to quickly take a photo of their hearing aid placement, and compare it with a reference ideal insertion. To evaluate the tool's usability and potential benefit we conducted two user studies: a) a pilot lab study with 7 participants, and b) a field study with 17 participants. In the two-week field study, older participants with no prior hearing aid experiences were instructed on hearing aid insertion remotely and performed daily insertions independently at home. We found that CheckMyFit is easy and quick to use for almost all participants. Ear-photo-aided insertions tend to have higher quality than insertions without the tool. This correlation was significant and persisted throughout the 2 weeks of the study, and is retained after a short break. This suggests that CheckMyFit tool can provide real-world benefit to new users learning to insert their hearing aids. We also used CheckMyFit to remotely facilitate the field study, demonstrating its potential usefulness in tele-medicine.


A rapid and simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous separation and determination of vancomycin and its crystalline degradation products in human serum. Vancomycin and two isomers of the degradants were extracted from human serum with a protein precipitation method. The compounds were separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) eluted with gradient mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. Norvancomycin was used as the internal standard. The linear ranges of vancomycin and two degradant isomers were 1.057- 105.7 μg/mL, 0.1437- 14.37 μg/mL and 0.2540- 25.40 μg/mL, respectively. The established methods were validated and successfully applied to a therapeutic drug monitoring study of vancomycin in patients with renal insufficiency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Space weather, geomagnetic, and ionospheric conditions have been identified as the single most influential cause of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning performance degradation and disruption. The random nature of the appearance, development and intensity of GNSS ionospheric events renders them particularly hard to describe with a single global model. Moderate to massive space weather disturbances remains unresolved problem for satellite navigation. Here the problem of modelling Total Electron Content (TEC), an outcome of ionospheric conditions that affects GNSS positioning performance, in moderately disturbed geomagnetic field conditions, is addressed based on the experimental observations of geomagnetic field and their statistical properties. Here the problem of modelling Total Electron Content in moderately disturbed geomagnetic field conditions, as the originator of the ionospheric conditions, is addressed based on the experimental observations of geomagnetic field and their statistical properties. Three statistical learning-based models are developed, and their performance is assessed according to their ability to predict the resulting TEC. Statistical learning-based TEC prediction models are assessed for their performance, and recommendations for their utilizations are given. The research will continue with development of a larger database of observations taken at various observation sites and during differently generated moderate geomagnetic events. This database will allow for development of more robust TEC prediction models using statistical learning methods for self-adaptive mitigation of GNSS ionospheric effects for the core GNSS positioning performance improvement utilized with a wide rage of GNSS applications.


The blockchain technology firstly presented by Haber and Stornetta in the year 1990, and first time blockchain technology used in Bitcoin by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. The blockchain technology is truly decentralized technology. In blockchain technology, every block has consisted three main parts that is data, hash block, and the previous hash block. Hash is controls the uniqueness of each block and it is unique for each block. Each block also contains the hash of the previous block; thus, the blocks are connected to each other. A blockchain can divided into three categories public blockchain, consortium blockchain and private blockchain. The proposed paper provided the comparative and analytical review on the blockchain consensus algorithms.


Chamber processing generally takes the measure of automatic computer numerical control,this thesis deals with the researches and comparisons on multiple methods of finishing operations in Master CAM.


In this paper, we study the robust relay selection and power allocation problems for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based cooperative cognitive radio networks (CRNs) with channel uncertainties. The objective is to maximize the capacity of the cooperative CRN, which is subject to the interference threshold constraints of primary users (PUs) and the total transmit power limitation of secondary user (SU) and relays. We describe all possible channel uncertainties with ellipsoid set and interval set. The robust relay selection and power allocation problems are formulated as semi-infinite programming (SIP) problems, respectively. We convert the SIP problems into their equivalent convex optimization problems with the worst-case approach, which can be solved by the Lagrange dual decomposition method. Simulation results show that the proposed robust relay selection and power allocation algorithm can strictly guarantee the quality of service of PUs under channel uncertainties.


Details of the software framework for the upcoming in-situ re-aluminization of the 6.5m MMT Observatory (MMTO) primary mirror are presented. This framework includes: 1) a centralized key-value store and data structure server for data exchange between software modules, 2) a newly developed hardware-software interface for faster data sampling and better hardware control, 3) automated control algorithms that are based upon empirical testing, modeling, and simulation of the aluminization process, 4) re-engineered graphical user interfaces (GUI's) that use state-of-the-art web technologies, and 5) redundant relational databases for data logging. Redesign of the software framework has several objectives: 1) automated process control to provide more consistent and uniform mirror coatings, 2) optional manual control of the aluminization process, 3) modular design to allow flexibility in process control and software implementation, 4) faster data sampling and logging rates to better characterize the approximately 100-second aluminization event, and 5) synchronized "real-time" web application GUI's to provide all users with exactly the same data. The framework has been implemented as four modules interconnected by a data store/server. The four modules are integrated into two Linux system services that start automatically at boot-time and remain running at all times. Performance of the software framework is assessed through extensive testing within 2.0 meter and smaller coating chambers at the Sunnyside Test Facility. The redesigned software framework helps ensure that a better performing and longer lasting coating will be achieved during the re-aluminization of the MMTO primary mirror.


The aim of this paper is to show a technical evaluation among Hand Lifting and Cable Way at the Research Station Palmar de La Vizcaina. Those are two different post-harvesting alternatives for the Fresh Fruit Bunches internal transportation used in oil palm crop. By the using of Process Engineering methods, it was possible to estimate standard times, capacities of the systems and productivity of labor.


Different turbulence models (algebraic Baldwin -Lomax, one -equation Spalart Allmaras and the k-� turbulence models of Chien, Launder -Sharma and Yang -Shih) are compared for the complex turbulent flow of an axisymmetric confined double annular jet. The database contains 2D LDV -measurements of 5515 grid points in the meridional plane, including mean axial and radial velocities, Reynolds stresses and their axisymmetry errors. After a grid dependence study, predicted velocities, turbulent kinetic energy, and specific position points of the several toroidal vortices and stagnation points are compared wit h the empirical data. All models appear to predict the global flows features correctly, although the Yang Shih k-� turbulence model follows better the small scale flow properties.


The author considers the balance between star formation and mass loss from evolved stars in the region within 1 kpc of the Sun. There is considerably more mass in stars than in the interstellar medium, and more material is being incorporated into new stars than is being returned by evolved stars. In the simplest interpretation of the data, it appears that unless there is some infall of new interstellar gas, the era of substantial star formation out of interstellar gas will be over in a few (perhaps 3) billion years.


In the Lewis rat, acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by inoculation with myelin basic protein (MBP) and adjuvants is characterized by tail and hindlimb weakness that resolves spontaneously after several days. In rats with neurological signs of this form of EAE (MBP‐EAE) we have previously demonstrated demyelination and nerve conduction block in the proximal peripheral nervous system (PNS) and in the central nervous system (CNS). The present study was performed to assess conduction in the PNS and CNS, after recovery from acute MBP‐EAE, using direct recordings from surgically exposed spinal roots and spinal cord dorsal columns. The study revealed that 1–2 weeks after clinical recovery from tail paralysis there was almost complete restoration of conduction in the sacral spinal roots but persistent severe conduction abnormalities in the dorsal columns. Significant restoration of conduction through the dorsal columns occurred over the following 2 weeks. These findings indicate that PNS conduction block due to a demyelinating polyradiculitis is a major cause of the neurological signs of acute MBP‐EAE in the Lewis rat.© 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Under the circumstances of deterioration in the global environment today,the green supply chain management is bound to become an enterprise pattern to achieve sustainable development preference mode.Article is written from the perspectives of green design,green materials supply,green production,green marketing,transportation,usage,recycling and reuse of materials as supply chain management on the impact of environmental factors in the process of analysis,idealize a relatively complete green supply chain mode;At the same time,after analyzing the green supply chain management detailed connotation,some advice on promoting glass industry green supply chain management has been put forward.


Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a process which an electric arc generated by the tungsten electrode to the workpiece and the welding area protected by a protective gas. Arc shape can be affected by electromagnetic force. In previous study, the use of some electromagnetic field around the arc has influenced the welding results. In this study, electromagnetic field generated from the solenoids was given to the welding arc. Welding process was conducted on Stainless Steel. The electromagnetic field made the arc becomes deflected. This deflection was controlled by the solenoid by activating it using a microcontroller. The results showed that the use of solenoid as a source of electromagnetic field has influenced the welding arc. Penetration produced by using a solenoid has deeper penetration than welding process without using solenoid. The increase of the welding power efficiency was 10.9% for arc current I = 80 A and 9.85% for arc current I = 90 A.


Purpose – Traditional finance theory have developed on the basis of expected utility theory and assumes that investors are rational. However, recent developments in behavioural finance challenge this, and thus question the validity of the assumptions on which expected utility theory are based. However, existing studies on this matter have mainly focused on capital markets, and research in the property industry has tended to lag behind. Therefore, adopting UK property professionals as samples, this paper aims to explore the reliability of the invariance assumption of people's behaviour under expected utility theory.Design/methodology/approach – To fulfil the aim of this paper, a questionnaire survey was undertaken among the property professionals in London during the second half of 2005. Benefited from the group administrative method 78 out of 99 questionnaires were returned, and this reflects an overall response rate of approximately 79 per cent.Findings – The research identifies that among the tested UK ...


NOx and CO are two most hazardous gases among the exhaust gases stream from automotive vehicles, power plants, coal and mine industries, reactors, smelters etc. These gases cause severe damage to vegetation, plant and aquatic life by photochemical reaction resulting smog and acid rain. Particulate matter less than 2.5μm is another substance to be removed from these sources. Serious health hazards are also likely to happen such as cardiovascular and respiratory problem even at the lower concentration of these noxious gases. Conventional method of eradicating NOx and CO is catalytic converter with ceramic substrate which is wash-coated by noble metal. Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium are three common active catalyst impregnated in Al2O3 based substrate although being expensive.According to US EPA total NOx emission in the world per year is 165 million tons of which 70 − 80% comes from automotive vehicles. To meet the requirement of EPA and preventing air pollution, highly cost effective and reliable functional material is in need. Ceramic nanofiber is a unique substitute as it is thermally stable, light weight and has high aspect ratio of diameter to volume compared to traditional one. In this work, Pd incorporated TiO2 ceramic nanofiber has been fabricated through electrospinning process followed by calcination at 600◦C. Catalytic nanofiber was characterized using SEM, TEM, BET,


We have studied the magnetic and crystal structures of different Laves hydrides $R{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{H}}_{4.5}$ $(R=\mathrm{Y},$ Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho), having the cubic $C15$ structure at high temperature. We observe a strong coupling between the hydrogen and magnetic order in the frustrated Mn sublattice. The N\'eel temperature coincides with the ordering temperature in the hydrogen sublattice, resulting in a single magnetostructural transition. In contrast to the $R{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}$ compounds, in the hydrides the Mn-Mn magnetic interaction dominates and it imposes the magnetic order in the rare-earth sublattice. On the other hand, the anisotropy of the rare-earth ion strongly influences the orientation of the magnetic moments at low temperature. The Laves hydrides show a very unusual case where the structural and magnetic orders strongly interact with each other. They also offer many examples of the interplay between the localized Mn moments and the rare-earth moments.


There are some other provisions where ambiguities can be noticed. Such is the case of Paragraph 20, where despite Sakharov's commitment to peace he proposed, at the level of each republic, the establishment of military forces and other armed services. Or, in another instance, certain contradictions emerged when on the one hand he states that foreign policy will be the prerogative of the central level (Paragraph 19), and yet each republic will be able to establish direct international economic contacts (Paragraph 22). By opening access to international and global markets, republics will directly engage in shaping the context and application on the ground, in fact at the local level, of economic foreign policies and they will become agents of foreign policies. Despite these points of contestation, Sakharovs' constitution is a visionary and formidable document committed to the rule of law, social justice, equality among all, and respect for human rights and basic freedoms. It is also a document that not only illustrates the density of Sakharov's thought and the search for a democratic and humanistic future for the entire world but also reflects late Soviet dissidents' worldview. In that sense, the document is a memorial to the great historical moment of social and political transformations of the late 20th century that Sakharov so much helped to spearhead.


October 1983, Alan T. Tokunaga, "High-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Planetary Atmospheres," Vol. 95, p. 691. Page 697, left column, 10th line up from the bottom of the page. Among the most notable recent results obtained is the discovery of a possible natural C02 laser in the atmosphere of Mars by Mumma et al. (1981). They find that the near-infrared C02 bands can be pumped by solar radiation and thereby produce a weak population inversion. This interpretation is fully consistent with the earlier observations of Johnson et al. (1976) and Betz et al. (1977) who first saw the emission peak at the center of the C02 line (Deming and Mumma 1983).


The invention discloses a method and structure for improving sand pull effect of an entry of a gate dam. A restraint wall 10m to 20m long extends upstream from a middle pier of a scouring gate; the restraint wall helps increase flowing speed of water in front of a water inlet of a power station; the restraint wall, an water inlet floor and a sand sill cooperate to disturb sand, the sand in front of the water inlet of the power station is under high speed and high disturbance, never stays and is scoured away by the water, and the sand pull effect of the entry of the gate dam is improved. The speed of transverse flow in front of the water inlet of the power station is increased, disturbance is enhanced, and sand pulling and sand scouring are evidently effective; the water inlet of the power station is free of dust; the cross section of the restraint is never great, elevation of the wall top is slightly lower than dam-front lowest generating level, and engineering investment is low.


Liquid crystal based antenna arrays with beam steering capability in one dimension for 60 GHz band is presented. Two array designs are discussed. First design uses slotted patch antenna as an array element. For this array a compact, planar, liquid crystal based meander line phase shifter is designed which have a maximum differential phase shift of 47°. The array comprises of a 4×1 slotted patch array, which is able to scan up to 14° in the E-plane. Second design uses patch antenna as an array element. In this array the phase shifters are liquid crystal based meander lines, each providing a maximum differential phase shift of 38°. The array elements (the patch antennas) are coupled to the microstrip feed line through coupling gaps. These gaps are adjusted in order to uniformly excite the antenna patches. The designed array comprises of a 4 × 1 patch array, which is able to scan up to 9° in the E-plane as the bias on the liquid crystal changes from zero to saturation voltage.


Provided are a nonaqueous solvent to prevent the deterioration of discharge capacity holding ratio in case of repeated charge/discharge, a nonaqueous electrolyte composition containing the nonaqueous solvent, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery containing the nonaqueous electrolyte composition. The nonaqueous solvent comprises 5-60 wt% of ethylene carbonate; 40 wt% or less of propylene carbonate; and 40 wt% or more of diethyl carbonate. The nonaqueous electrolyte composition comprises an electrolyte salt; the nonaqueous solvent; optionally an unsaturated cyclic carbonate ester; and optionally a polymer compound. Preferably the unsaturated cyclic carbonate ester is vinylene carbonate and/or vinyl ethylene carbonate; and the polymer compound is at least one selected from poly(vinyl formal), polyacrylate and polyfluorovinylidene.


The addition of benzoic acid is forbidden in by-product drink of yoghurt "Doogh" in Iran. However, this preservative can be naturally found in milk and its products. A total of 24 and 48 samples of yoghurt and Doogh were analyzed by HPLC method to assess the natural and permitted amount of benzoic acid. All samples of yoghurt and Doogh contained benzoic acid in mean amount of 1.5-5.0 mg/kg and 0.8-4.7 mg/ L, respectively. These findings showed that the amount of 6 mg/L can be defined for benzoic acid as admissible limit for Doogh in Iran.


this thesis provides a method to identify the eccentrically pulling or compressing action forceand its position for the pole with a circular, annular rectangular or mouth-like section, with the methodof electric strain gauge. It also presents the diffent sticking methods and the schame of loading in justone or two times.


Lithium-ion battery packs are typically assembled into modules. These modules can be equipped with various series-parallel configurations. In this work a feasible method for monitoring SoC is demonstrated by designing a circuit model in Simulink of three different configurations 3s2p (three in series and two in parallel), 3s3p (three in series and three in parallel), and 4s2p (four in series and two in parallel) using Particle Filter. Initially, lithium-ion cells are connected in 3s2p configuration and then we compared our results by adding one cells in parallel and then in series with the estimated SoC of 3s2p configuration, a complex current pattern is used in simulation to verify PF's performance. As lithium-ion batteries have a great importance and are widely used in electrical vehicles because of their power efficiency, high charging rate, and more lifetime, proper monitoring of SoC plays a vital role in BMS.


Disusses the hazards of indoor compund contaminants. Based on the analysis of indoor air pollutions,the paper presents the criteria to assess the indoor air quality. Focuses on the control of indoor air contamination levels, purging air and new technology of sterilization.


The understanding of the format of the Family Intervention mentioned by the clinical trials controlled in the condition schizophrenia it was the focus of our investigation here told. We proceeded to the one systematic search in MedLine and we elaborated for the understanding of the theoretical foundation of the described practices to evaluate the clinical heterogeneity of the interventions that are object of study of the trials that we rescued. We described a model denominated "pragmatic", that presents fragments of techniques, without base beginnings or derived techniques of theories; another model whose emphasis of the work is in the change comportamental; and finally a model cognitive comportamental, that privileges the cognitive approach. We make considerations on the concepts of Expressed Emotion (EE) and Family Burden, underlying to the models comportamental and cognitive comportamental in the Family Intervention for Bearers of Schizophrenia.


MHD free convection and mass transfer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past a continuously moving infinite vertical porous plate is made in the presence of joule heating and thermal diffusion where the medium is also porous. The corresponding momentum, energy and concentration equations are made similar by introducing the usual similarity transformations. These similarity equations are then solved by Matlab software with Shooting Iteration technique. The solutions are obtained for the case of large suction. The effects of the various parameters entering in to the problem on the velocity field are shown graphically.


Geophysical investigation of ground water potential of Ara in Ilorin, north central Nigeria has been conducted using ground magnetic method with the objective of delineating structures which are responsible for groundwater. Total field magnetic anomaly was obtained in 9 parallel profiles along the E-W direction to produce a magnetic map of the area. The total field was separated into residual and regional fields. Interpretation of the residual magnetic anomaly revealed regions of positive and negative anomalies with a peak value of 16 nT and -34 nT respectively. Quantitative interpretation using half-width method shows that the depth to magnetic basement ranges from 2.01 to 41.2m. The result also delineated geological features which are regarded as ground water signatures in the study area.


A novel insertable probe for local measurements of equilibrium and fluctuating plasma ion flow velocity and temperature via Doppler spectroscopy is described. Optical radiation is collected by two fused silica fiber optic bundles with perpendicular viewlines. Spatial resolution of about 5 cm is achieved by terminating each view with an optical dump. The collected light is transported by the fiber bundles to a high-resolution spectrometer. Two components of the velocity are measured simultaneously—the radial along the insertion of the probe and a perpendicular component (which can be varied by simply rotating the probe by 90°). The accuracy of the velocity measurements is better than 1 km/s. The probe is armored by a boron nitride enclosure and is inserted into a high temperature plasma to obtain radial profiles of the equilibrium and fluctuating plasma velocity. Initial measurements have been done in Madison Symmetric Torus reversed field pinch.


We study the problem of supporting ranked queries in middleware environments, where queries are evaluated over multiple sources. In particular, we study Web middleware scenarios, querying over various Web sources. To motivate, consider a Web "travel agent" scenario for finding restaurants and hotels. (We use this real scenario as "benchmark" queries for experiments as well). In particular, how to access sources with different capabilities and costs, to answer queries efficiently? As our Web middleware coordinates various sources, each source access incurs network communication and server computation. This paper aims at optimizing such access, costs-which dominate the overall query processing (like I/O in relational DBMS).


The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) flew aboard Space Shuttle Endeavor February 2000 and used interferometry to map 80% of the Earth's landmass. SRTM employed a 200-foot deployable mast structure to extend a second antenna away from the main antenna located in the Shuttle payload bay. Mapping requirements demanded precision pointing and orbital trajectories from the Shuttle on-orbit Flight Control System (PCS). Mast structural dynamics interaction with the FCS impacted stability and performance of the autopilot for attitude maneuvers and pointing during mapping operations. A damper system added to ensure that mast tip motion remained with in the limits of the outboard antenna tracking system while mapping also helped to mitigate structural dynamic interaction with the FCS autopilot. Late changes made to the payload damper system, which actually failed on-orbit, required a redesign and verification of the FCS autopilot filtering schemes necessary to ensure rotational control stability. In-flight measurements using three sensors were used to validate models and gauge the accuracy and robustness of the pre-mission notch filter design.


The formation process of goaf was dynamically simulated by similar material simulation experiment.After mining coal was finished and the goaf was basically stable,deformation regularity of surface migrating was studied under gradual loading on different location of goaf.The results show that the residual deformation of the ground surface increases under loading and the maximum values of residual deformation occur on both sides of goaf.The residual deformation of ground surface increases with loading.The residual deformation caused by load arranged on both side of goaf is bigger than that caused by load arranged in the central of goaf.When the ratio of depth mining and thickness mining is smaller,the influence of surface load on disturbance of goaf is bigger.Finally the experimental results are proved by two engineering examples.


Asymmetric current–voltage characteristics have resulted from hybrid SAM/LB structures of squaraine dyes in which the donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) molecules are aligned vertically in the self-assembled monolayer and horizontally in the Langmuir–Blodgett film: the separate layers exhibit symmetrical I–V characteristics and the altered behaviour of the hybrid bilayer is attributed to orientation-induced molecular rectification.


The microstructural changes during sintering of Ni-Zn ferrites used as the substrate for thin film magnetic recording heads have been studied by SEM, XRD and XPS. Any precipitates were not observed in the specimen air-sintered and furnace-cooled from 1423 K. ZnO precipitates, however, were observed at the grain boundaries, especially at the grain boundary triple points of the specimen furnace-cooled from 1453 K. While the above-mentioned ZnO precipitates were not observed on the specimen sintered in oxygen, the grain coarsening was observed in this case, with residual pores being trapped inside the grains. The existence of Ni 3+ ion was detected by XPS on the specimen prepared by HIP process, where the ratio of Ni 3+ /(Ni 2+ +Ni 3+ ) was confirmed to be about 3%...


In a few volume years the minnesota review will most likely be out of print. While print publications, with all their attractions, will continue with us for a long time, academic journals like this one will move into electronic media. The benefits of this conversion, a process already underway with many scholarly publications (and others, like government documents), are diverse and for the most part obvious. For one thing, these documents will no longer be out of print in the electronic media: they will be available any time and at most places where they now have a readership. For another, the physical and economic limitations that characterize library "holdings" today will not affect electronic holdings, so that any library should, in principle, be able to provide access to all texts available electronically, and to electronic facsimiles of important paper documents. The result would be a revolution of the function and management of the library, among other things. Further, the computers and monitors we now use to read electronic text will become handier. It's misleading to argue that electronic text delivery is slow and reading it fatiguing: these are accidental features of an emergent technology that is already reaching a new level of functionality (with satellite email via palmtops, and the like). It is also probably misleading to argue that computers are too expensive and will separate the haves from the have-nots: like televisions, computers will offer basic cheap connection to almost anyone in the technologicaUy advanced world. The price alone of paper, printing, and the distribution of hard objects will drive academic periodicals generally into the ether. The move from print to electronic publishing is not, I think, the issue; what's at stake is the use that will be made of academic publishing in the intermediate future. Electronic technologies enable particular investigations into the rhetoric, form, and political life of print publishing.


Traffic counts were taken in langres on each of the roads leading to the town. The results obtained were used to compare three projects for a diversion to take the traffic away from the town centre. /TRRL/


With the continuous improvement of science and technology progress contributes to economic growth and more intense market competition, particularly with the obviously increasing trend of economic globalization and the rapid rise of the knowledge-based economy, the monopoly of intellectual property will spread in China. While strengthening the protection of intellectual property right,we should learn from advanced experience and methods of other countries. Establishing the anti-monopoly legal system in the field of intellectual property in accordance with china condition timely, againsting the monopoly of intellectual property influence economic order is the current urgent affair.


A series of combined liquid crystal (LC) polyesters consisting of aromatic main-chain backbones and flexible aliphatic side chains with 4-cyanobiphenyl end groups was synthesized based on the polycondensation of 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-biphenyldicarbonyl chloride with 2.2'-bis(ω-[4-(4-cyanophenyl)phenoxy]-n-alkoxycarbonyl )-4,4'-biphenyldiol (PEFBP). In a recent study of PEFBP(n = 11) containing eleven methylene units in the side chains, four different phases were identified in addition to the isotropic melt (I). They are as follows: an orthorhombic crystalline (K o ) phase, two triclinic crystalline (K T1 and K T2 ) phases in the high temperature region, and a nematic (N) phase. In this report, we focus on the even-odd effect of the methylene units in the side chains on the phase structure and transition behavior of PEFBP(n = 8, 9, 10 and 11)s. Two even-numbered PEFBPs with either eight or ten methylene units in the side chains [PEFBP(n = 10 and 8)s] were studied. An odd-numbered PEFBP containing nine methylene units, PEFBP(n = 9), was also investigated in addition to PEFBP(n = 11) which was reported on previously 1,2) . It was found that both of the PEFBPs with even-numbered methylene units in their side chains [PEFBP(n = 10 and 8)s] exhibit only a nematic and a smectic A (SA) phase. Their phase transition sequence during heating and cooling is T g (S A LC glass) ↔ S A ↔ N ↔ I Since only LC phases exist, this is a thermodynamically reversible transition sequence independent upon thermal history. For PEFBP(n = 9 and 11)s, crystalline phases with three-dimensional order are observed above the NLC glass transition temperature in addition to the N phase. In PEFBP(n = 9), the N and K o phases are similar to those seen in the case of PEFBP(n = 11). However, this polymer presents only one triclinic crystalline phase, while two triclinic crystal phases are observed in PEFBP(n = 11). The phase transition sequence in these odd-numbered PEFBPs during heating between 2.5°C/min - 10°C/min for a sample cooled from the isotropic melt at the same rate is T g (NLC glass)K 0 → N→ K T (s) → N → I Nevertheless, this sequence does not represent a case of thermodynamic equilibrium. The K o and K T (s) phases in PEFBP(n = 9 and 11)s and the S A phase in PEBFP(n = 8 and 10)s are characteristics of the even-odd effect observed in this series of combined LC polyesters. The number of methylene units in the side chains thus plays a critical role in the formation of phase order and transition behavior in a way quite different from the common even-odd effect seen in main-chain LC polymers. Furthermore, this effect also indicates that the 4-cyanobiphenyl groups in the side chains are incorporated with the main-chain backbones to form the liquid crystal and crystal phases.


The hippocampus functions in many memory processes; not only is it essential to the storage of new memories, but the retrieval of associated memories as well (Giovanello, 2004). A postulate of memory recollection called pattern completion, thought to occur in the hippocampus, states that existing memories can be recalled using retrieval cues present at the time the memory was formed. The circuit level mechanisms responsible for episodic memory are considered a display of pattern completion within neuronal networks. This theory assumes memories are recalled when the cells in C3 activated by the original stimulus are reactivated with partial cues that stimulate a subset of the previously potentiated Activated Ensemble (AE) and in turn recall the original neuronal activity pattern. The major goal of this project is to determine if a partial cue that can evoke memory of the original event does lead to activation of the auto-associative neural network corresponding to the original event. We are interested in showing that the magnitude of the reactivation of the original neural network corresponds to the strength of memory for the original event. Introduction The hippocampus serves important roles in both learning and memory functions. One important function of the hippocampus is its ability to recall a full memory when only a portion of the original event is presented. The proposed mechanism for this process, termed pattern completion, is an important part of memory recall that has been described in detail by Rolls (2016; 2010). The neural connectivity within the hippocampus allows a group of neurons, an autoassociative network, to create a pattern representing a memory from which a cue can be used to recall the same neural network and retrieve the memory (Hunsaker, 2013). There is great interest in the mechanism of pattern completion and its contribution to memory functioning. Pattern completion occurs due to the high degree of auto-associativity of the CA3 pyramidal cells (Rolls, 2010). The neurons active in CA3 during the original experience, called the active ensemble (AE), are reactivated during recall by means of long term potentiation (LTP)


Increasingly, water management models are being used in decision making contexts that involve selecting a "preferred" course of action by weighing performance against competing objectives. The role of models within the decision process is often poorly articulated, uncertainty is not well accounted, and risk only evaluated after the selection has been made. For example, the technical performance of alternative integrated urban water management options are evaluated using various models, and the results presented in a technical report. The decision makers base their selection on the predicted performance, and the preferences of the stakeholders around the table. Risk assessment is then undertaken to identify and control any areas of high risk, which might be costly or even unachievable. A well structured decision process might have resulted in a different choice. eWater CRC is delivering a range of new tools to support decision-making in the water industry, ranging from selecting water sensitive design of new urban allotments to exploring policy options for Australia's large regulated rivers. Central to this effort is a user requirement to incorporate uncertainty analysis, risk analysis, optimisation and prioritisation into the tools. This paper describes a decision making framework that places models, and other sources of knowledge, into a decision making context. The framework articulates the role of optimisation, risk analysis and prioritisation in the decision making process and clarifies the pervasive role of uncertainty. The framework provides a guide for the inclusion of these decision elements into modelling products, either as generic software elements that can be applied to multiple models, or as supporting material such as documentation or training. Using the framework, water-management stakeholders articulate problems by iterating around a cycle that defines objectives based on an initial problem statement, and determines what metrics will be used to ascertain that the objective has been achieved within the context of a well-defined system. Different proposed solutions are then evaluated in terms of the agreed metrics, and the outcomes are compared to select the "best" solution.


Abstract Recent field-based studies in the Bryopsidales have provided a wealth of reproductive information for several ecologically dominant genera, yet inconspicuous members of the order often remain poorly described. Here we report reproductive events for aquarium-grown populations of Rhipidosiphon javensis and provide statistical size ranges for vegetative and reproductive features for the first time. Hawaiian representatives of the genus develop gametangia over a three-day period, and follow the typical reproductive pattern found in other members of the suborder Halimedineae, being holocarpic and releasing gametes in predawn hours.


It describes a process for the preparation of 4-substituted phenylalanine ester derivative. This type of compounds are known to be useful in the preparation of compounds with mixed ACE-NEP inhibitory activity.


Hubris has become a popular explanation for all kinds of business failure. It is often reduced to the one-dimensional notion of 'over-confidence', particularly on the part of CEOs. There is a need to clarify the extent to which other attitudes and behaviours constitute hubris, and how they are affected by such organisational dynamics as the struggle for power, status and material rewards between actors. This article explores these issues within the finance and banking sectors. It uses the Critical Incident Technique to identify behaviours associated with hubris and probes the interaction between them and the organisational contexts in which they occur. Five categories of behaviour based on an analysis of 101 incidents are described, as are a series of 'inflection dynamics' that reinforce the behaviours in question and constitute a social field conducive to hubris. I challenge the reductionist views that hubris is primarily a psychological state consisting mainly of 'over-confidence'. This article seeks to complexify the term hubris and to develop an organisational rather than purely psychology theory of its emergence and institutionalisation within finance and banking.


On the basis of the classification and the coding method, it was established the componet and state of wagon ,applied it to construction of MIS. Combined with construction of HMIS,it was analysed design basis,rule,coding struction,application and maitanance , developed the method and importance of established the componet with three dimension medelof wagon importance componet.


Introduction Despite high rates of successful treatment TB incidence in South Africa remains high, suggesting ongoing transmission and a large reservoir of latently infected persons. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is recommended as preventive therapy in HIV-infected persons. However, implementation has been slow, impeded by barriers and challenges including the fear of non-adherence. Objective and Methods The aim was to evaluate predictors of IPT non-completion. One hundred and sixty four antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-infected patients with tuberculin skin test ≥5 mm were recruited from Khayelitsha day hospital and followed up monthly. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic information. Results The overall completion rate was 69%. In multivariable analysis, there was a 29% decrease in risk of non-completion for every year after HIV diagnosis (OR 0.81; 95% C.I. 0.68–0.98). Self-reported alcohol drinkers (OR 4.05; 95% C.I. 1.89–9.06) also had a four-fold higher risk of non-completion, with a strong association between alcohol drinkers and smoking (χ2 27.08; p<0.001). Conclusion We identify patients with a recent HIV diagnosis, in addition to self-reported drinkers and smokers as being at higher risk of non-completion of IPT. The period of time since HIV diagnosis should therefore be taken into account when initiating IPT. Our results also suggest that smokers and alcohol drinkers should be identified and targeted for adherence interventions when implementing IPT on a wider scale.


The visibility of the Nurses' Health Study grew through the 1980s and 1990s1 and a broad array of lifestyle and biomarker exposure data were accumulated.2 With this visibility grew an interest among colleagues to combine Nurses' Health Study data with other studies, as exemplified by the Oxford Collaborative group. By 1996, interest in data sharing was made explicit during peer review for continued funding of the cohort. In response to the input from peer reviewers, we established an external advisory committee and formalized a data enclave to facilitate data sharing. The external advisory committee was charged with review of external requests for data access, which at that time were limited largely to questionnaire data. Guidelines for data access were approved by the Advisory Committee and made available to potential outside users of the cohort data. Subsequently the guidelines were posted to the Nurses' Health Study3 web site as guidelines for external collaborators. With this approach an ad hoc system was formalized that had already led to sharing of data with the Oxford Collaborative Group on hormonal factors in breast cancer.4

One early task of the external advisory committee was to balance the requests from outside users against the research plans of investigators within the team, which included future renewals of the cohort and its substudies. Such specific aims may be stronger with additional cases accrued through further follow-up before embarking on the evaluation of a hypothesis. In addition to the plans of faculty members, another concern was the training needs of doctoral students at the Harvard School of Public Health, many of whom were funded through National Institutes of Health (NIH) training grants (such as T32 CA09001). Over 70 doctoral theses have drawn on the data resources of the Nurses' Health Study; many have included a methodologic paper from the cohort exposure assessment within their thesis. As noted by Dr. Samet,5 this balancing of the needs and priorities of original investigators and data analysts remains a challenge for the long-term viability and scientific integrity of cohort studies, and more generally for epidemiology.

By 2003, the NIH had implemented a policy requiring data sharing requirements for grants over $500,000 direct costs per year.6 As a data enclave was 1 of the options that met this NIH requirement, the NHS Advisory Committee endorsed this approach at its meeting in 2003. By 2005, over 50 requests had been received from outside users. Each was reviewed for feasibility given existing data resources. Over time, access to questionnaire data was supplemented by use of biomarkers in pooling studies,7 in addition to the creation of subsets of cohort data for teaching purposes. Investigators have included National Cancer Institute (NCI)– funded initiatives such as CISNET (Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network)8 and others9 including some who have submitted ROIs or completed sabbatical stays in Boston.10 Dietary data have also been pooled from many prospective cohort studies through ongoing data sharing.11

Among the long-term challenges of implementing this data sharing plan was the expectation by NIH that the cohort study would provide the infrastructure necessary to support the data sharing system through ongoing funding. The 2005 renewal of the Nurses' Health Study cohort funding for continued follow-up and confirmation of incident cancers, added new challenges. The NCI mandated a broader data sharing plan before funding approval. This raised the potential for conflict between the NCI mandate of greater access than could be achieved through an enclave, and existing implementation of NIH policies by other Harvard-based cohorts (that were approved under the same Partners Health Care, Institutional Review Board). Dr. O'Rourke (Director of Human Research Affairs, Partners Health Care System) was unable to resolve NCI versus NIH policy demands, though discussions with NCI were ultimately successful in retaining the data enclave as a suitable approach to data sharing.

Although the NIH policy states that "privacy must be protected at all times" NCI expressed interest in release of limited data sets, perhaps in a manner similar to the sharing of data sets implemented by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and exemplified by the Framingham data.12 Data sharing must be free from identifiers that could lead to identification of individual research participants and deductive disclosure of the identity of individual subjects. Profession-based cohorts raise additional concerns regarding this deductive disclosure in that they are based on a limited universe of participants. Cohorts based on race, such as the Black Women's Health Study,13 may also have unique considerations regarding public access.

To evaluate how easily a participant might be identified with widespread access to questionnaire data, we considered the 2-yearfollow-up interval during which individual cases of breast cancer are diagnosed, age in 5 years, smoking history (yes/no), BMI (3 categories, <25 kg/m2, 25–29.9, 30+), and history of childbirth (yes/no). Cross-classifying these variables produced 6 cells with only 1 case. Thus, inclusion of approximate date of diagnosis (within a 2-year interval) in any public access data file looked to increase greatly the likelihood of deductive disclosure. Furthermore, breast cancer was the most frequent cancer diagnosis. How would one set a lower limit on the number of cases diagnosed in a time period to allow easy public access? How would analysis completed on the public access data set without date of diagnosis approximate analysis done by primary investigators who used time varying covariates and time to outcome?

We note that to overcome this type of concern, the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) has a hierarchical approach to data access such that a data enclave is implemented for sensitive data.14 Requested SAS runs are submitted by e-mail and only printouts of tables are sent to registered email addresses. No SAS proc list, proc print etc., are allowed. This implementation clearly has substantial administrative costs.

Other issues considered in response to the initial request from NCI for greater access to data included discussions of our Institutional Review Board with study investigators on the possibility of reconsenting all participants for data sharing and disclosure. Management of such a reconsenting process, with the expectation of less-than-complete response, was a substantial concern. It would lead to 2 different data sets; a smaller reconsented cohort for publicly accessible data and a full initial cohort for internal analysis by primary cohort investigators. Accordingly, without funds for such an undertaking, we did not attempt to reconsent the whole cohort. Subsequently, reconsenting has been implemented for data sharing associated with genome-wide association studies, but this is far more manageable in the context of the nested case-control subsets identified from the cohort.

Balancing the tensions among priorities for investigators, for trainees, and for broader access to data remains a challenge for epidemiology. Additional concerns have been raised regarding data quality control on sharing and open access. As part of the management of the Nurses' Health Study cohort, extensive quality control systems are in place to check all programming for consistency before manuscript submission. Checks of numbers in text and tables against analysis printouts are also routinely mandated before manuscript submission. Many of these quality checks and broader systems for quality control are not described in the methods of research papers but rather in grant applications. Perhaps Journals will need to modify the methods section to call greater attention to data quality control systems that are implemented, should broader access to secondary analysis of epidemiologic data become standard.

As Dr. Samet notes, the field of epidemiology, practicing epidemiologists, and science administrators need to come to a common understanding of the many issues raised by data sharing. We need to develop a culture of data sharing that can maintain the integrity of studies and the high quality of data exemplified by the ongoing cohorts.


The globalization of Oracle's development organization, customer base, and product lines has had an ongoing impact on the evolution of the Oracle UI Group (OUI). It has changed not only the product and user requirements to be met via the UCD process but also the nature of that process. This overview describes some of the internal and external challenges inherent to the globalization of enterprise software and how OUI has attempted to address them by creating deep connections with both its user and developer communities.


Eco compensation is an environmental economics instrument for internalization of external cost. Three core aspects of eco compensation issues are: who compensation whom; how much to compensate, and, what is the appropriate compensation mechanism. The implementation of eco compensation must be based on property right clarification, and the compensation quantum must cover the opportunity cost of ownership transaction. Moreover, compensation mechanisms are discussed briefly.


The parameters of the health status of residents of the Perm region are analyzed. The number of invalids was found to increase annually. The activities of the administration of the region aimed at solution of problems related to disease prevention, therapy, and rehabilitation of disabled subjects are discussed.


This item contains images collected by Qiu Beiwen during field-work in Mumbai as part of the post-graduate (research-by-design) Master of Architecture studio of Dr. Dorian Wiszniewski, Edinburgh School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (ESALA), University of Edinburgh, 2013-2015.


In applications of PEF(pulsed electric field), mismatch between load and pulsed power source can cause severe distortion in the waveform of rectangular pulses. In order to alleviate this distortion, we proposed a pulse optimizing method based on an optimizing network composed of capacitors and magnetic switches. The parameters of the optimizing network are determined through theoretical analysis. Further simulation and experiments show that, under severe mismatch between load and power supply, adding the optimizing network helps to reform the approximate triangular waveform into generally ideal rectangular pulses, which has sharp rising edges reduced to about 200 ns and obviously improved flats. However, the pulses' width is significantly reduced after the optimization, so it's necessary to compensate pulse width in practical applications.


【Many researches are being done to study the effect of toothpaste containing natural extracts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plaque control effect and therapeutic effect of toothpaste products containing chitosan extract. 120 healthy subjects with gingivitis or early periodontitis were divided into two groups. Subjects in the experimental group only used toothpaste containing chitosan and subjects in the control group used toothpaste without chitosan. At first, subjects received scaling and tooth brushing instruction. Gingival index, bleeding index, probing pocket depth, probing attachment level were scored at baseline, 2 months, and 3 months, and plaque index were scored at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months. Gingival index of experimental group and control group at baseline, 2 months, and 3 months use were 0.71 ${\pm}$ 0.66, 0.49 ${\pm}$ 0.55, 0.36 ${\pm}$ 0.49 and 0.62 ${\pm}$ 0.58, 0.51 ${\pm}$ 0.52, 0.48 ${\pm}$ 0.50 (mean ${\pm}$ SD), respectively (statistically significant different at p ${\pm}$ 0.50, 0.43 ${\pm}$ 0.50, 0.39 ${\pm}$ 0.49, 0.29 ${\pm}$ 0.46 and 0.49 ${\pm}$ 0.50, 0.50 ${\pm}$ 0.50, 0.51 ${\pm}$ 0.50, 0.45 ${\pm}$ 0.50, respectively (statistically significant different at p ${\pm}$ 0.49, 0.33 ${\pm}$ 0.47, 0.24 ${\pm}$ 0.43 and 0.40 ${\pm}$ 0.49,0,38 ${\pm}$ 0.49,0.30 ${\pm}$ 0.46, respectively (statistically significant different at p ${\pm}$ 0.64, 2.31 ${\pm}$ 0.60, 2.28 ${\pm}$ 0.55 and 2.51 ${\pm}$ 0.67, 2.47 ${\pm}$ 0.63,2.42 ${\pm}$ 0.62, respectively (statistically significant different at p ${\pm}$ 0.66, 2.32 ${\pm}$ 0.62 and 2.54 ${\pm}$ 0.70, 2.51 ${\pm}$ 0.69,2.46 ${\pm}$ 0.66, respectively (statistically significant different at p】


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a brief, interactive multimedia tutorial designed to prepare dentists to recognize and respond to domestic violence.

METHODS
The authors randomly assigned dentists and dental students to one of three groups: a control group or one of two experimental groups in a modified Solomon four-group design.

RESULTS
One hundred sixty-one dental students and 13 dentists completed the multimedia tutorial. At the posttest, subjects in both experimental groups demonstrated significantly better scores than did subjects in the control group on most items. The two experimental groups (pretest and posttest, posttest only) did not differ significantly from each other.

CONCLUSION
An engaging, interactive tutorial presenting a simplified model for ways in which dental professionals can recognize and respond to domestic violence significantly improved dental students' knowledge of, and attitudes toward, the topic.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Clinicians may improve the care they provide to patients by accessing this brief tutorial and following the lessons contained in it.


This Paper introduce a control strategy based on the principle of fuzzy control for power supply system The control system with a fuzzy control method is pointed out according to the characteristic of the power supply system, the hardware structure and the design of fuzzy control is mainly discussed


Introduction THE quantitative method of measuring the effects of relaxants, employed in this study, has been fully described and its limitations discussed in Part 1 of this paper1. Briefly, the method consists in applying submaximal electric stimuli to the median nerve at the wrist by a surface electrode of special pattern (the multiwick electrodez) and recording the tension thereby developed in the short muscles of the thumb. The stimulus consists of 1.2 sec. bursts of 50 per sec. square current pulses repeated at 6 sec. intervals. The amount by which the developed tension, at any time after the intravenous injection of gallamine, falls short of the " normal '' developed tension (existing before the injection or after the effect has worn off) when expressed as a percentage of the normal, gives the " percentage depression " of the muscle response. It was shown theoretically that, under the conditions of the experiment, this was a valid measure of the " degree of relaxation " of the muscle at the stimulus frequency (50 per sec.). The " degree of relaxation " is defined as the percentage of fibres in the muscle which fail to contract in response to stimuli of a given frequency arriving from its motor nerve.


In this article, Todd Grindal, Laura Schifter, Gabriel Schwartz, and Thomas Hehir examine race/ethnicity differences in students' special education identification and subsequent placement in segreg...


We use a Fourier/Hopfield network for the identification of a periodic system based on input-output data. The network automatically optimizes the model parameters and adapts by adding more neurons until the modeling error drops below a specified level. We show that, for periodic systems, Fourier basis functions are the best choice for system identification.


The emergence of quantum computing raises the question of how to identify (security-relevant) programming errors during development. However, current static code analysis tools fail to model information specific to quantum computing. In this paper, we identify this information and propose to extend classical code analysis tools accordingly. Among such tools, we identify the Code Property Graph to be very well suited for this task as it can be easily extended with quantum computing specific information. For our proof of concept, we implemented a tool which includes information from the quantum world in the graph and demonstrate its ability to analyze source code written in Qiskit and OpenQASM. Our tool brings together the information from the classical and quantum world, enabling analysis across both domains. By combining all relevant information into a single detailed analysis, this powerful tool can facilitate tackling future quantum source code analysis challenges.


The paper focuses on an analysis of the political project of Belgrade Waterfront as a drastic case of usurpation of formal planning procedures and the role of experts in the creation of planning solutions. As a campaign tool of the ruling political party, this project has evolved into an urban plan of national importance, and substantial modifications to the existing planning system in Serbia have been made to allow it to be achieved. In a completely non-transparent manner, and without professional involvement, changes have been made to the legal framework, system planning hierarchy, competences for planning decision-making, as well as to planning constraints for the site in question. Notwithstanding all these issues, there was no broad-based reaction by experts.
The primary objective of this study is to analyse the tone of day-to-day media reporting so as to determine the main stakeholders and how they speak about the project, and, having recognised these interests and power distribution, identify the real views of the profession about the project. Emphasis is placed on discovering the cause behind the lack of response by the profession, in particular in the context in which the planning system operates. Results of this research should indicate the main problems facing the system and, consequently, produce guidelines for its improvement.


The proper and effective adjustment of the dynamic recrystallization mechanism plays a crucial role in the reducing diameter extrusion process of AZ31 Mg-alloy bar,improving microstructure on the surface,refining grains and advancing comprehensive quality. The combining method of finite element numerical simulation,theoretical analysis and experiment research was applied to investigate the change law of extrusion pressure,dynamic recrystallization volume fraction and distribution law of the average grain size on the radial direction of the bar during the reducing diameter extrusion on AZ31 Mg-alloy bar,whose reducing ratio is equalling to 4 and the diameter is 40mm. The results showed that the average grain size decreased along the radial direction from the inside to the outside and the surface grain size was about 30 μm.


Sporulation of 4 Beauveria bassiana strains and their virulence against Euproctis pseudoconspersa was compared,the results showed that sporulation of the strain of Bf08,B01 were(5.1±0.4)×108,(3.4±0.4)×108spores/cm2 respectively.The larvae of E.pseudoconspersa were inoculated with B.bassiana,the LT50 of Bf08,B01were 5.64,6.62 d respectively.That meant the two strain had strong violence to E.pseudoconspersa,whice could be served as biocontrol agent for E.pseudoconspersa.


When Learning Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) using Stochastic Maximum Likelihood (SML), the mixing rate of the persistent Markov chain in SML plays an important role in learning better generative models. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to improve mixing by using long-range hopping on the energy landscape, which uses and collects the knowledge of model distribution along with learning. The experimental results show that our approach achieves competitive likelihood, and is 5 to 10 times faster than previously reported methods. Moreover, our approach keeps reasonable acceptance ratio even for highdimensional models, and has the ability to directly discover and eliminate spurious modes which is a main cause of low likelihood in RBM learning.


The importance of non-traditional agricultural commodities, especially pineapple, as a major foreign exchange earner in the diversification of the economy of Ghana has long been realised. It is estimated that $5 million is added to the economy by small farmers annually from pineapple production. Despite the importance and profitability of the pineapple production and export as a good foreign export earner and an a priori expectation that increased production is directly correlated with increased farm size, most pineapple farmers in the Akuapim South District cultivate small farms rather than large ones. This study quantifies the effects of the determinants of the choice of farm size on pineapple production. It also describes the organisational structure of the pineapple industry and describes the pattern of distribution of farm size. Costs and returns of categories of farm sizes are also compared. The empirical results demonstrate that most farmers in the study area cultivate small farms ranging between 0.02 and 1.5 hectares. The major determinants of choice of farm size in pineapple production are the average wage rate, farmer age, educational level and the years of experience of the farmer in pineapple farming. Whereas age and the interactive variable of educational level and experience of the farmer exert significant positive effects on the choice of farm size, the average wage rate exerts a significant negative effect. Although small farms have a slightly higher unit cost of production per hectare, they have high unit net returns per hectare and are therefore more profitable and more preferred to large farms. The study recommends among other things that policies for increased pineapple production and export should be geared towards alleviating the constraints faced by smallholder farmers (since they are in the majority) without loosing sight of the needs of commercial farmers. Affordable Technological packages with new innovations should also be developed for adoption by farmers. Suggestions for future research are also made. v University of Ghana http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh


The present invention provides a wind power generator system types, can be separated into the generator of the multiphase flow, in order to reduce moisture and impurities entering the generator, thereby improving the insulation performance of the generator while achieving cooling of the generator to reduce the internal wear of the heating surface of the cavity. The system includes a generator and a wind turbine blade having a cavity connected to the motor rotor of the generator, further comprising a pair of upper hand always flow separation means for separating multiphase flow, separating the air inlet means for introducing upwind always flow, an air outlet in communication with the motor chamber; a motor chamber for communicating the carriage hot gas ventilator. The present invention also provides a kind of a fluid transport device, comprising a power plant having a hot chamber, further comprising means for always upwind flow separation means for separating multiphase flow, the separating means inlet for introducing a stream always upwind , the outlet chamber in communication with the superheated; overheating chamber communicating further with a hot gas feed for the exhaust ventilator.


ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact on sales of the Marketing Mix applied by the Footwear Company My Angel in the period 2017 - 2018.
The research design used was non-experimental and cross-sectional, considering as population the number of clients who acquired the company's products in 2017 and 2018. A non-probabilistic sampling was used according to expert judgment, with a sample made up of clients from the districts of El Porvenir and Trujillo; among them clients and potential clients. The sample was 284 people. The data collection instruments used have been questionnaires and surveys; Observation and interviews have been used.
The results determined that the application of marketing mix strategies have had a positive impact on the sales of My Angel footwear company in the period 2017 - 2018. However, it is necessary to improve the implementation of advertising strategies, price, post sale and training.


Positional restraint of floating structures is achieved using mooring systems anchored to the seafloor. Design and risk assessment of these systems is challenging due to variability in wave, wind loading, ground conditions leading to uncertainty in the load-displacement behaviour of mooring line foundations for design. Accordingly, new simulation tools shall be able to support risk-informed integrated analysis of the floating structure as a system of interacting components subjected to realistic dynamic excitation. Also, all components of the floating structure simulation model shall be supported by experimental validation. In response to this need, this paper presents a computational framework for simulating the dynamic response of floating structures up to two second-order hydrodynamic loading. The framework utilizes the finite-element method and supports both integrated analysis and hybrid testing with focus on mooring line foundations. Computational efficiency is the driving criterion for tailoring the fidelity of the element library. Results of an ideal case study are used to test computational efficiency.


Only Polish words from Marcin Paszkowski's "Dictionary" have been published up to now while their Turkish equivalents have never been edited although two scholars (Ananiasz Zajączkowski 1938 and Stanislaw Stachowski 1989) intended to do so. In this article the reasons for this situation are discussed and explained, as well as a solution is suggested as to how the source can be useful


Outline chronology list of acronyms introduction - the changing history of South Africa the conquest of the land changes in town and countryside white supremacy, segregation and apartheid the heyday of apartheid the decline and fall of apartheid.


Bag (10) double compartment comprising: sheets (12, 14) front and back of a film of flexible barrier 5 arranged in connection face contracara opposite, which each have an inner surface, an upper edge, a lower edge and opposite bordeslaterales longitudinally extending from said top edge to said bordeinferior; a sheet (28) inside a film of flexible barrier disposed between the front and rear sheets Yque has a top edge, a bottom edge and opposite side edges, defining internacompartimentos first and second inside the bag film, seams (18) sides extending longitudinally along said opposite side edges Yque connecting the front and rear sheets to the inner sheet, a seam (22a, 22b) extending lower transversely along said lower edges Yque connecting the front and rear sheets to the inner sheet, an opening (40) f ormed in the inner sheet and providing communication between the compartimentosprimero and second, a membrane (16) breathable disposed on the inner sheet and covering said opening, teniendodicha breathable membrane a peripheral edge overlies the inner sheet and separate dedichas side seams and bottom seam, the breathable membrane comprising a material laminapermeable moisture vapor, impermeable to water; yuna seam located at or adjacent the peripheral edge of the breathable membrane joining the membranacon the inner sheet.


The loss of wings in worker ants has contributed to their spectacular ecological success. In his Perspective, [Robinson][1] discusses new work ([Abouheif and Wray][2]) that analyzes the expression of genes involved in wing development of worker and queen ants of different species. As Robinson explains, the unexpectedly different gene expression profiles that the authors detected highlight how different genomes can achieve the same end in different ways, an important lesson to bear in mind as the new field of sociogenomics develops.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/297/5579/204
 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/297/5579/249


The first is that the centre left has to date been utterly incapable of capitalising on the crisis, both electorally and intellectually. Secondly, despite the neo-liberal paradigm being 'mugged by reality', the primary agents of the financial crisis that survived have come out of the situation stronger than before and their frameworks dominate practical prescriptions on what needs to be done to bring about recovery. George Osborne's defence of his strategy of austerity is that bond markets approve – yields on British bonds are now the lowest on any country. While the basic bargain of neo-liberalism's trickle-down economics seems to have broken down, its criteria still frame the limits of the politically possible.


Use of long encoded waveforms can be advantageous in ultrasound imaging, as long as the pulse compression mechanism ensures low range sidelobes and preserves both axial resolution and contrast. A coded excitation/compression scheme was previously presented by our group, which is based on a predistorted FM excitation and a mismatched compression filter designed for medical ultrasonic applications. The attenuation effect, analyzed in this paper using the ambiguity function and simulations, dictated the choice of the coded waveform. In this study clinical images, images of wire phantoms, and digital video demonstrate the applicability, clinical relevance, and improvement attained with the proposed scheme. A commercial scanner (B-K Medical 3535) was modified and interfaced to a software configurable transmitter board and to a sampling system with a 2 GB memory storage. The experimental system was programmed to allow alternating excitation on every second frame. That offers the possibility of direct comparison of the same set of image pairs; one with pulsed and one with encoded excitation. Abdominal clinical images from healthy volunteers were acquired and statistically analyzed by means of the auto-covariance matrix of the image data. The resolution laterally is retained, axially is improved, while there is a clear increase in penetration. Phantom images using the proposed FM-based scheme as well as complementary Golay codes were also acquired, in order to quantitatively evaluate the characteristics of the compressed output and its stability to attenuation. Images of a wire phantom in water show that the range sidelobes resulting from pulse compression are below the acoustic noise, which was at 50 dB for the pulsed images. For images acquired from an attenuation phantom, the proposed compression scheme was robust to frequency shifts resulting from attenuation. The range resolution is improved 12% by the coded scheme compared to a 2-cycle pulse excitation. For the maximum acquisition depth of 15 cm, where the coded excitations are primarily intended, the improvement in SNR was more than 10 dB, while the resolution was retained.


OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the serum concentration could reach the ideal target trough concentration for the patients with normal renal function who were from intensive care unit( ICU) administrated with normal dosage of vancomycin and preliminarily discuss on the influential factors. METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out on the cases of ICU from January2014 to June 2015 with the trough concentration of vancomycin tested. The results of TDM from the selected patients with normal renal function and normal dosage were compared with the ideal target trough concentration in Vancomycin Clinical Application of Chinese Expert Consensus. The effects of factors including age and gender on trough concentration were also investigated. RESULTS Only 11.1% of the all selected 45 cases reached the ideal target trough concentration 15-20 mg / L. 75. 5% of the cases was lower than the target concentration while 13.3% was higher than that value. CONCLUSION The normal dosage of vancomycin( 1 g Q12 h) is insufficient to reach the ideal target trough concentration for the patients from ICU.


Aiming at the problems of power quality deterioration and low frequency oscillation in power system caused by the large-scale application of static var compensator (SVC), the existing methods ignore the dynamic coupling characteristics among harmonics in SVC and directly equate SVC to a fundamental frequency linearization model. This assumption fails to reflect the difference of equipment dynamic characteristics with frequency variation. Therefore, a harmonic interaction analysis method between SVC and power grid based on harmonic transfer function matrix is proposed in this paper. The dynamic harmonic domain (DHD) theory is used to construct the whole model of the system with SVC considering the influence of conduction angle and phase-locked loop module, and the corresponding harmonic transfer function matrix of the system is derived from the closed-loop model. Based on the harmonic dynamic transfer function matrix, the eigenvalue method is used to analyze the influence of controller parameters on system stability and to predict the oscillation frequency. MATLAB/Simulink simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of the system DHD model and the correctness of the system stability analysis.


BACKGROUND
It is well known that the changes in the expression level of LncRNA can affect the progression of tumors, which has caused a great upsurge of research in recent years. More and more LncRNA has been proved to take effect on a series of cancers and can promote tumor growth, migration and invasion. In this review, we aim to clarify the pathophysiological functions of LncRNA -MIR4435-2 HG in multiple tumors can be elucidated.

METHODS
By consulting the literature through PubMed, this paper summarizes the relationship between MIR4435-2HG and tumor and its role in the occurrence and development of cancer, and also expounds the specific molecular mechanism of the effect of MIR4435-2HG on cancer.

RESULTS
MIR4435-2HG can function as an oncogene in a variety of cancers. The expression level was abnormally elevated in a series of cancers, consisting of melanoma gastric cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate carcinoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular Carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma malignant, glioma and colorectal cancer. Moreover, MIR4435-2HG is related to the poor prognosis of a variety of cancers. MIR4435-2HG can also affect tumor proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. In addition, MIR4435-2HG can also enhance the metabolic function of myeloid dendritic cells of elite HIV-1 controllers.

CONCLUSION
MIR4435-2HG affects the development of a variety of cancers. It can act as a clinical marker for early tumor diagnosis and takes effects to tumor targeted therapy.


The pioneering work of Reilly and Wallace in the early 1980s led to a spectacular understanding of laser—aerosol interactions. Research has focused, on the one hand, on the description of the vaporization process and the associated hydrodynamic phenomena. On the other hand, on the basis of semi-analytic and Monte Carlo techniques, predictive numerical algorithms have been constructed. They enable one to study the broadening and distortion of laser pulses in the process of vaporization, thermal blooming, turbulence, burning, and plasma formation. This paper summarizes the basic physics underlying the process of single droplet vaporization and cloud recondensation. Experiments performed at Los Alamos National Laboratory on laser propagation through clouds will be described. We also formulate the hydrodynamics in the region surrounding the droplet. The propagation algorithm developed under the forward scattering approximation—supplemented by the energy conservation condition—allows us to study the pulse distortion and the laser-assisted imaging in the evaporating clouds. We assess the significance of turbulent mixing and recondensation in a cleared channel. In addition, the effects of high-energy pulses on the burning of carbon particles and plasma formation in metallic aerosols will be discussed.


The effect various carbon black and other fillers have on the radiation resistance of a nitrile (acrylonitrilebutadiene copolymer) elastomer is discussed and supported by data. All of the compounds were exposed to gamma radiation in air at 25 deg C and normal atmospheric pressure to doses ranging up to 5 x l0/sup 8/ r. Results show that both hardness and tensile strength are affected in varying degrees with respect to compounds within a filler series and compounds of different series compared on an equal loading basis. The elongation, on the other hand, was essentially the same based upon percent change. The only consistent behavior noted among the various nitrile compounds was the extreme rise in tensile strength after exposure of 3 x 10/sup 8/ r with accompanying loss of elongation and severe embrittlement. (N.W.R.)


Abstract— This research talks about how supply chain management (SCM) is being developed using robotics and process automation, the challenges faced in the transition process, and whether such transition is desirable. While overall efficiency of the SCM process can be improved through the replacement of conventional manual jobs, such as storing, inspecting, sorting, handling, categorizing products, and data entry, the adoption of this cutting-edge technology in areas such as purchase and supply management remains dubious, unpredictable and still relatively unexplored, leaving considerable scope for further research and experimentation.Keywords— RPA, robotic, process, automation, robotic process automation, supply chain, management, SCM


【Retention of ascorbic acid in vegetables as influenced by various blanching methods was measured and the effects of blanching time, amount of water added, and with or without lid on the retention were compared. It was found that blanching with small amount of water and without lid generally retained the higher activity of ascorbic acid. Although steam blanching showed the highest retention of the vitamin, the longer heating time was needed to blanch the vegetables. Blanching by microwave oven has revealed that addition of small amount of water did not affect the retention. From the scoring difference test for texture of blanched spinach, the samples which were indicated as best in texture by the 8-panel members have retained 73~96% of ascorbic acid and samples blanched by microwave oven for 60 seconds showed highest retention.】


Introducing a new method to calculate curving of locomotives and vehicles by the conception of equivalent radius of curve.By this method,the car body excursion caused by bogie fixed axles distance can be considered as equivalent radius of curve.So the calculation would become more accurate by considering the car body excursion caused bybogie fixed axledistance,and more simple by introducing of equivalent radius of curve.


This paper presents a thorough analysis of the optimal ideal propulsor (OJP) theory. A significantly improved solution is obtained for the classical problem formulated by W.J.M Rankine. For instance, the uniform distribution of the axial induced velocity in the far propulsor wake is shown to be sufficient for obtaining the desirable minimum of energy losses at a given thrust value if the additional condition is imposed on the distribution of the axial induced velocity at infinity. Following Rankine, the steady flow of ideal incompressible fluid is considered without free and solid boundaries. As a result, the upper boundary of efficiency is estimated for the isolated propulsor with a non-expansible wake. The obtained estimation is used for a number of practical examples, where the more complicated mathematical models are employed.


AbstractThis article briefly discusses how art therapists can best serve Native American populations. Contemporary Native Americans are a product of both the dominant culture and their indigenous culture. History, coupled with racial biases, has led the authors to identify ethical and professional issues that should be addressed with Native American clients. Traditional healing, ethical and professional considerations, and implications for art therapists are highlighted in order to introduce professionals to the specific needs of this population.


The TiN thin films were prepared using Ti precursor, tetrakis(diethylamido)titanium and ammonia on 300 nm SiO/sub 2/ by DC pulsed PA-MOCVD. The characteristics of TiN thin films had been studied by XRD, AFM, FE-SEM analyses and sheet resistance.


In this paper, MVAR (multivariate autoregressive) model method for extracting EEG features is presented. With MVAR model coefficient features, the discriminant analysis based on Mahalanobis distance is applied to realize classification of the left and right hand motor imagery tasks. By analyzing the data from BCI2003 competition provided by Graz University of technology, the satisfactory results are obtained with the highest classification accuracy reaching 88.57% and the maximum mutual information reaching 1.03 bit. To testify the validity of MVAR model method, as a contrast EEG feature extraction by AR model is discussed. From the three performances such as maximum classification accuracy, maximum SNR and maximum mutual information, the results by MVAR method are better than that by AR model method.


The aim of this volume, as Michael Dylan Foster writes in his introduction, is to add to the "ground-breaking work" of earlier texts such as the 2012 edited volume by Regina Bendix, Aditya Eggert, and Arnika Peselmann through a "focus on the particularly intimate perspectives of people living in communities touched by" recently enacted policies associated with UNESCO to protect and sustain the intangible cultural heritage (2). 1 The project had its roots as the editors noted the diverse ways in which folklorists discussed intangible heritage at the 2011 American Folklore Society conference. A panel at the 2012 conference was set up, and, after additional scholars and commentators were recruited, a double issue of the Journal of Folklore Research was produced. That double issue is republished here. UNESCO on the Ground seeks to match the local and specific with the metacultural dimensions that globalization brings, while in some way accounting for the increasing international attention to the intangible heritage that has marked recent decades. Such an attempt is desirable, not least because scholarly attention tends to zoom in on the specifics of cultural production of discrete socio-cultural groups, while policy is enacted at national and international levels. Hence, the volume juxtaposes six case studies with three commentaries. To facilitate comparison, each case study follows a pre-ordained structure, presenting an introduction to the specific intangible heritage element, a description of its geographical/cultural location, a brief description, its status in regard to UNESCO, a reflection on local on-theground perspectives and discussion. Each of the three commentaries then adopts different approaches to reflect on the case studies. Arguably, though, too much is made to hang from the compact


The utility model relates to a rocker drive device, which is composed of a rocker, a ratchet wheel and a drive shaft, and is characterized in that an inner and an outer rings of the ratchet wheel are respectively fixedly connected to the drive shaft and the rocker. The utility model, which has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost, can be used as a main drive source or a boosting device in various vehicles or machines driven by man-power to realize the purpose of drive or boosting or acceleration.


We report a new type of inertial translation device that uses a single piezoelectric tube. In contrast to previous inertial translation devices which must operate in horizontal position, this new design can operate in any position, even vertical. This makes possible the construction of a compact high‐stability thermally compensated low temperature scanning tunneling microscope, specially suited to designs that allow for a very short tip and sample change time.


The concept of terrorism deals with or at least attempts to deal with International Criminal Law and to combat terrorism is the "war on terror" a concept coined by George Bush after September 11. September 11 was a shocking event, which did question USA's capability to securitize their nation. In reply to this incident, terrorists were treated as the most wanted figures in the world. There terrorists needed to be identified, they had to be given a common identity so that they could be differentiated from mere criminals. This identification process led to a rise of Islamophobia. Due to this marginalization, the persons suspected as international terrorists and Muslims were merged into one. There were many institutions that were responsible for Islamophobia. The media, the US policies and the executive actions carried out to combat Islamophobia and the reaction of the citizens to this event acted as catalysts to the issue of Islamophobia. This form of irrational fear led to illegal or legal yet arbitrary detention and torture of the terrorists.


2higher in men than in women, but this risk increases in case of comorbidities such as excessive alcohol consumption, diabetes, obesity, HBV or HIV coinfection. The risk of decompensated cirrhosis can be estimated at 2 to 3% per year and that of hepatocellular carcinoma at 1 to 4% per year, also depending on the presence of comorbidities. In the next future, the challenge will be to identify infected people and treat with new effective treatments all patients at risk of developing complications, with the objective of decreasing the disease burden. Large discrepancies exist in Europe between countries in terms of knowledge of the disease burden, rate of infected people screened and access to treatment. All these factors play a major role on the expected evolution of the HCV epidemics. In countries where drug use has been the major risk factor of transmission, where screening and access to treatment are at a low level (e.g. England), the risk of decompensated cirrhosis, HCC and liver transplant will still increase in the coming years. By contrast, in countries where transfusions have played a large role in the diffusion of the epidemics, where screening and access to treatment


Deep neural network models are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations that are subtle but change the model predictions. Adversarial perturbations are generally computed for RGB images and are, hence, equally distributed among the RGB channels. We show, for the first time, that adversarial perturbations prevail in the Y-channel of the $\mathbf{YC}_{b}\mathbf{C}_{r}$ > color space and exploit this finding to propose a defense mechanism. Our defense ResUpNet, which is end-to-end trainable, removes perturbations only from the Y-channel by exploiting ResNet features in a bottleneck free up-sampling framework. The refined Y-channel is combined with the untouched $\mathbf{C}_{b}\mathbf{C}_{r}$ -channels to restore the clean image. We compare ResUpNet to existing defenses in the input transformation category and show that it achieves the best balance between maintaining the original accuracies on clean images and defense against adversarial attacks. Finally, we show that for the same attack and fixed perturbation magnitude, learning perturbations only in the Y-channel results in higher fooling rates. For example, with a very small perturbation magnitude $\epsilon=0.002$) the fooling rates of FGSM and PGD attacks on the ResNet50 model increase by 11.1% and 15.6% respectively, when the perturbations are learned only for the Y-channel.


recovery. He writes well and has combed a vast amount of material in several languages, and it is a sign of his book's vitality that he is occasionally unconvincing. Thus his claim that the church was in "an intellectual ghetto" post–1789 (p. 3) is excessively Manichean. similarly, that there was minimal resistance to "enlighteners" pre–1789 (p. 11) lies open to question. There were different currents, varied emphases within catholic enlightenment, no one agreed international agenda and, as the pontificate of Pius Vi (1775–99) suggested, there were several "enlighteners" within the curia itself. He is too keen to squeeze snugly his enlighteners into some telelogical connection to Vatican council ii, and shepherd all signs of progress in eighteenth-century catholicism into his "enlightenment" enclosure. one detects, too, a slight tension between his "Global Movement" and his subscription to Pocockian multiple enlightenments." These are points for further debate that do not reduce the value of lehner's effort here and in other publications to keep the "catholic enlightenment" before us, and helpfully to see it in relation to the intentions of the Trent Fathers: "a prolongation of the Tridentine reform" (p. 152).


As technology advances, the growth of vehicle manufacturing and production is increasing dramatically. This increases the number of vehicles on the road and also the Vehicle density at traffic lights grows, which is a huge disadvantage for emergency vehicles. Due to this, the waiting time of ambulance at junction increases by resulting in an increased death rate of emergency patients. At the same time, the pedestrians have to wait to cross the signal and due to which the population increases and the rush leads to accidents by pedestrians. To overcome this, this research work has developed a novel device to reduce the wait time of pedestrians by using a certain average population density at the crossing and almost no waiting time for an ambulance. To implement this Raspberry Pi, a Pi camera and sensors are used along with the Tensor Flow algorithm as its main logic code is available in Python language.


Kalangkala (Litsea angulata) is one of the endemic plants in the wetlands area in Kalimantan which seeds are can reduce the quality of male mice spermatozoa such as motility and mobility. The purpose of this research is to know the potential of kalangkala seed extract on other parameters of spermatozoa quality, which are viability and morphology of male mice spermatozoa in an effort to obtain natural spermicide material. This research used five treatments by using twentyfive male mice. The design of this research was spermatozoa suspensions without being treated (Control = 0), spermatozoa suspensions +Na-CMC 0,5% (P1), spermatozoa suspensions + extract of kalangkala seed 0,1% (P2), spermatozoa suspensions + extract of kalangkala seed 0,3% (P3), and spermatozoa suspensions + extract of kalangkala seed 0,5% (P4), with five repititions for each treatment. The result of this research showed that the kalangkala seed extract reduce the percentage of viability of spermatozoa and increased the percentage of abnormal morphology of spermatozoa male mice. Therefore, kalangkala seed extract has potential as a natural spermicide.


Linear low density polyethylene discs were surface oxyfluorinated for different time to investigate the influences on charge injection from carbon black loaded poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) electrode and charge accumulation in bulk under direct current high voltage. The oxyfluorination leads to the substantial variation in chemical composition, forming various polar groups in the surface layer. The charge injection and accumulation are revealed by space charge measurements. Suppression of charge injection is enhanced by extending oxyfluorination time. Diffusion of the volatile by-products within the EVA electrode and its influences on charge accumulation and charge traps of surface layer are evidenced. The suppression mechanisms of the charge injection are largely attributed to the remarkable increase in permittivity, together with the change in charge traps of the oxyfluorinated surface layer.


The aim of this special issue is to explore issues of equity within the context of school-based consulting with nonmainstream parents and their children. Ample evidence documents the difficulties faced by nonmainstream parents in the public schools in being respected as cocontributors to their children's educational achievement (Ho, 2002; Kozol, 1991; Nelson & Rogers, 2002), having their voices heard and welcomed by teachers and administrators (Christenson, Rounds, & Franklin, 1992; Fine, 1993), and getting their special interests recognized (Lott, 2001, 2003). This is especially problematic given research indicating that parental involvement in the schools is an important contributor to children's academic success (Heller & Fantuzzo, 1993; Henderson, 1987), classroom behavior (Comer & Haynes, 1992), and eventual school completion (Christenson, Sinclair, Lehr, & Godbar, 2001; Marcus & Sanders-Reio, 2001). Clearly, parents play a significant role in ensuring positive educational outcomes for their children so finding ways to facilitate their involvement needs to be a priority. Working with school-based consultants is an important way that parents can interact with the schools to achieve positive outcomes. To date, the parent consultation literature has addressed an array of topics including parent consultation models (e.g., Sheridan, 1993), problem-solving steps used in parent consultation (Elliott & Sheridan, 1992), factors related to the effectiveness of parent consultation (Cobb & Medway, 1978), and home-based parent consultation (Edens, 1997; Greene, Kamps, Wyble, & JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTATION, 16(1&2), 1–16 Copyright © 2005, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


In the era of globalization, security system technology is very important. Motorcycles are vulnerable to theft because they still use manual locks. One of them is the safety system on motorcycles that has developed very rapidly. But the security system used on motorcycles today is still not safe enough because it still has weaknesses that can be used by criminals to steal motorcycles. Therefore, a better additional safety system is required on the vehicle itself and is easy to use by the vehicle owner. Therefore, a better additional safety system is required on the vehicle itself as well as easy to use by the vehicle owner. One of the tools that can be used to help meet the security system is to use E-KTP with RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology. This research aims to design an additional safety system of Arduino Uno-based motorcycles that can be used to maintain motorcycle safety


The article presents a combined equivalent circuit for a double-circuit power transmission line with two ground wires. The proposed mathematical model is based on a combination of the method of symmetrical components and phase coordinates. This approach makes it possible to take into account the electromagnetic and electrostatic interaction of the conductive elements of the line, as well as the possible asymmetric arrangement of the wires and the cable on the tower relative to each other. In this case, the rest of the equivalent circuit can be modeled in symmetrical components, which greatly simplifies the equivalent circuit and the calculation of the mode parameters.