This research investigated the impact of media and information literacy (MIL) on education faculty students' acquisition of the skills needed to detect fake news. A one-group experimental design was employed with a randomly selected sample of 100 Jordanian undergraduate students. The participants completed one pre-test and two post-tests, each of which consisted of 10 closed-ended questions and one open-ended question on how to detect fake news. The results indicated that studying MIL has an impact on students' acquisition of the skills needed to detect fake news. The findings also suggested that the methods students employed to identify and detect fake news after studying the MIL course were scientific and well-reasoned. Based on the results, several recommendations are made that will be of value to researchers and workers in this field.


Lignin, a major component of vascular plant cell wall, provides mechanical support for plants to stand upright and enables xylems to withstand the negative pressure generated during water transport. Although important for plant growth, the presence of lignin limits access to cell wall


Uniform rectangular antenna array (URA) is a commonly used antenna array in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. However, the existing works rarely concentrate on URA in millimeter-wave (mmWave) line-of-sight (LOS) MIMO channels. In this paper, we conduct research on the point-to-point mmWave LOS MIMO channel based on URA. We derive the optimal antenna deployment for URA to obtain the maximum multiplexing gain in mmWave LOS MIMO channel. For the URA with fixed parameters, as the distance between transmitter and receiver increases, some singular values of the channel matrix tend to be 0. In this case, it is not necessary to use all of the transmit antennas. Therefore, according to the two kinds of channel-state information feedback schemes, we propose two adaptive transmit antenna selection (ATAS) schemes based on the principal component analysis for this mmWave LOS MIMO channel. The computational complexity for the proposed algorithm is also derived. Numerical results show that the channel capacity of this proposed ATAS system can approach or even surpass that of the full transmit antenna system with equal power allocation in mmWave LOS MIMO channel. Compared with transmit antenna selection based on greedy search and exhaustive search algorithm, when the distance is longer, the proposed algorithm can achieve the near-optimal performance with much lower computational complexity.


topics connected with this subject, than has Mr. Fox, and jew, certainly, have been more successful in imparting the result of his profoundresearches to his fellows. : His work, notwithstanding it has been written nearly half a century, is still sought and admired, not only for the valuable information it contains* but, as being one of tire best specimens of dentai literature. But since Mr. Fox's day, many valuable acquisitions have been made, not only in the mechanical, but in the scientific department of this useful branch of the healing art. Since his time, new facts have been brought to light, new principles discovered, old theories demolished, and new ones, more compatible with facts and sound philosophy have been; substituted. In no department of the dental art, however, have so great changes been wrought as.in the mechanical. The accomplished surgeon dentist, of 1803, so far as the mechanical department is concerned, would now, be but a backward student. ~


This paper presents a novel control of a large-scale PV solar farm as STATCOM, termed PV-STATCOM, for alleviation of subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in a steam turbine driven synchronous generator connected to a series compensated transmission line. During nighttime, the PV solar farm can operate as a STATCOM with its entire inverter capacity for SSR mitigation. During daytime, if a system fault triggers SSR, the solar farm autonomously discontinues its normal active power generation and releases its entire inverter capacity to operate as PV-STATCOM for SSR prevention. Once the subsynchronous resonances are damped, the solar farm returns to its normal real power production. Electromagnetic transients studies using EMTDC/PSCAD are performed to demonstrate that a solar farm connected at the terminals of synchronous generator in the IEEE First SSR Benchmark system can damp all the four torsional modes at all the four critical levels of series compensation, and return to normal PV power production in less than half a minute. This proposed PV-STATCOM technology can either obviate or reduce the need of an expensive flexible ac transmission system device to accomplish the same objective. Furthermore, this technology is more than an order of magnitude cheaper than a conventional static var compensators or STATCOM of similar size.


: Coastal foredunes can mitigate the impacts of intensifying hurricanes and extratropical storms on vulnerable, low-lying communities. However, the degree of foredune resilience to climate change remains largely unquantified. Here, we use the numerical AeoLiS model to project annual-scale patterns of accretion and erosion of coastal foredunes for a range of beach and dune morphologies representative of the Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. The model is subsequently used to explore how sea-level rise and changes in storminess may modify future dune volumes across beach morphologies. Model outcomes suggest that even modest rates of sea-level rise have the potential to greatly exacerbate dune erosion; whereas increased storminess may lead to accretion due to increased wind speeds or exacerbate erosion due to increased total water levels. The precise nature of these future impacts on coupled dune-beach systems is highly dependent on the degree of climate change and the pre-existing beach morphology. Climate change is therefore unlikely to impact coastal foredunes uniformly, posing a challenge for communities relying on these features for protective services into the future in the context of both increasing sea level and changing storm


This dissertation concerns transport measurements in single-molecule junctions using the mechanically controlled break junction (MCBJ) technique. It describes various aspects that play a role in charge transport through single molecules, in order to develop the necessary knowledge to ultimately develop electronic devices based on intrinsic molecular functionality.


Due to the limitations of the existing methods for system call filtering,an issue that how to filter system call logs more efficiently was studied,and the important information of system calls relating to network attacks was analyzed.Therefore an attribute-based method for system call filtering was proposed.Through tracing and analyzing all the needed attributes of system calls,system call dependency rules were used.The huge system call logs were filtered in a more efficient and effective way on the premise of ensuring the filtering accuracy.Based on this,a system call filtering tool called Separator was implemented and tested in experiments.


The invention discloses a method and a device for inputting account information, belonging to the field of internet communication. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining account information of the user included in the first application; obtaining the information type of a list element included in a second application list; determining the account information corresponding to the list unit according to the information type of the list element and the account information of the user; automatically inputting the account information corresponding to the list unit to the list element. The device comprises a first obtaining module, a second obtaining module, a determining module and an input module. The method and the device can be used for lowering the complexity of the account information input to the second application list, thereby improving the account information input efficiency and improving the account information input accuracy.


The issues raised by Wittgenstein's language games are fundamental to any theory of semantics, formal or informal. Montague's view of natural language as a version of formal logic is at best an approximation to a single language game or a family of closely related games. But it is not unusual for a short phrase or sentence to introduce, comment on, or combine aspects of multiple language games. The option of dynamically switching from one game to another enables natural languages to adapt to any possible subject from any perspective for any humanly conceivable purpose. But the option of staying within one precisely defined game enables natural languages to attain the kind of precision that is achieved in a mathematical formalism. To support the flexibility of natural languages and the precision of formal languages within a common framework, this article drops the assumption of a fixed logic. Instead, it proposes a dynamic framework of logics and ontologies that can accommodate the shifting points of view and methods of argumentation and negotiation that are common during discourse. Such a system is necessary to characterize the open-ended variety of language use in different applications at different stages of life — everything from an infant learning a first language to the most sophisticated adult language in science and engineering.


The nature and amount of radioactive wastes resulting from the operation of nuclear power stations depend on the type of the reactor. As the difference can be attributed mainly to the reactor coolant properties, a description is given of the origins of radioactive contamination of reactor coolants, and a review is presented of the properties and disposal of radioactive wastes from various types of reactors, viz., pressurized-water, boiling water, organic moderated, gas-cooled, and sodium-cooled reactors. (auth)


Sirolimus is used on patients after solid organ transplantation and on lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) patients, and therapeutic drug monitoring is required in clinical practice. We have previously reported an accurate method for quantitative determination of sirolimus, but its sample preparation step was complicated. In this study, we developed a modified liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method for sirolimus quantification. A supported liquid extraction cartridge was used to purify sirolimus from whole blood and ion suppression was mostly prevented. The validation results fulfilled the acceptable criteria. This method was compared with the antigen conjugated magnetic immunoassay (ACMIA) and our previously reported method, using whole blood samples from LAM patients. Comparison of the Bland-Altman plots of the currently developed method and the previous method revealed no significant difference between the two methods (mean bias, -2.02%; 95% CI, -7.81 to 3.78). The values obtained by using ACMIA were significantly higher than those obtained by using the current method by 13.87% (95% CI, 6.49 to 21.25) due to cross-reactivity. The degree of cross reactivities in LAM patients and in organ transplant patients were similar, and our LC/ESI-MS/MS method precisely measured blood concentrations of sirolimus.


A very important issue, namely region grouping, in computer-assisted diagnostic (CAD) detection of microcalcification clusters in digital mammograms is addressed in this work. In the diagnosis of breast cancer, microcalcification clusters, instead of single and isolated microcalcifications, are considered clinically significant. Grouping individual regions segmented from digital mammograms, therefore, should be a component in an automatic microcalcification cluster detection system. Actually this component may concern several system modules, such as segmentation, feature extraction, performance estimation aiming at both algorithm optimization and consistent evaluation and ultimately computerized malignancy estimation of calcified lesions. The previous work in the literature used a kernel-based method for region grouping. We propose a distance-based and dense-to-sparse grouping method. The grouping result should be independent of the size, shape and orientation of real clusters.


The data on dynamics of number of walleye pollock at the basic centres of reproduction in the Okhotsk Sea in 1991-1999 are presented. The most characteristic features of the dynamics were defined by strong generations of 1988 and 1989. as a result of their inclusion in spawning stock, its maximal level was observed in 1992-1996. An asynchronism was observed in the dynamics of number of parental herd of walleye pollock at western Kamchatka and in the northern Okhotsk sea, which has appeared because of redistribution of the first spawning fishes of strong generations between these areas. Stocks decreased significantly in 1997 because of some reasons, mainly deterioration of conditions of reproduction and feeding, and an irrational fishery, as well. Taking into account that the last factor cannot be excluded in nowadays by virtue of economic reasons, moreover, the lenghtage structure of walleye pollock is extremely adverse and population fecundity is low, the growth of the stocks is not expected in the nearest future.


We compare "real business cycle" and increasing returns models of economic fluctuations. In these models, business cycles are driven by productivity changes resulting either from technology shocks or from movements along the increasing returns production function. We stress four crucial building blocks that give both types of models hope of fitting the data. These building blocks include durability of goods, specialized labor, imperfect credit and elastic labor supply. We also present new evidence on co-movement of both outputs and labor inputs across sectors and on the behavior of relative prices over the business cycle. We conclude that the increasing returns model is easier to reconcile with the data than the real business cycle model.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resistance spot welding method of dissimilar metal materials capable of securing bond strength.SOLUTION: When performing resistance spot welding by sandwiching with a pair of electrodes in the state where plate materials are superposed mutually, and by energizing the electrodes, a current is supplied by repeating increase/decrease of the energization amount intermittently in a plurality of steps. As for each step, materials are softened in step A, each dissimilar metal material is stuck to each other by energization in step B, and nuggets are generated or increased and welded in step C.


More generally, one may conclude that the strongest effects of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation on ethnicity was heightening of awareness of its linguistic component. The sixteen century can be seen as a high point in the cycle of ethnic consciousness in contrast to preceding medieval unity based on common use of Latin as an elaborated code and the subsequent dominance of French styles and language under Absolutism. But the phase was not simple. Effects were cross-cutting; the strongest manifestations of concern for the vernaculars arose not as special feature of Proestantism or Catholicism as such, but as artifacts of the struggle between two religious movements. In the final analysis, one must recognize that a mass trait like language will come to the fore, as it did both during the period of the ancient heresies and again in ninth-century East Central Europe, whenever religious competition is intense. That this is so may be disquieting; but to recognize the phenomenon is to acknowledge the high penetrating power of religious organizations, which inevitably activate latent mass characteristics (pp. 232-33).


The multiferroic properties of ion-doped hexagonal and orthorhombic YFeO3 (YFO) nanoparticles (NPs) are studied theoretically. The magnetization [Formula: see text] in h-YFO NPs increases, whereas for o-YFO NPs it decreases with decreasing NP size. In the dielectric constant (DC) both h- and o-YFO have a peak around [Formula: see text] and 460 K, respectively, but only in h-YFO an anomaly appears at [Formula: see text] K in the DC and the polarization which could be connected with a possible [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] phase transition. The polarization in pure and Bi-doped o-YFO NPs increases with increasing magnetic field. [Formula: see text] is studied by doping of a o-YFO NP with Ti[Formula: see text] ions at the octahedral Fe[Formula: see text] sites. [Formula: see text] in undoped YFO shows a small kink at [Formula: see text] K, whereas in the doped YFO it shows at [Formula: see text]480 K. By different ion doping on the Y or Fe sites in YFO there is a transformation from the h- to the o-phase or vice versa. In Mn-doped o-YFO a spin-reorientation transition appears. The bandgap of h-YFO is smaller compared to that of o-YFO.


The so-called Dieselgate shaped the foundation for this general research on risks of product-related deception in criminal business law. The focus lies on the possibilities of committing a crime (esp. greenwashing), but is accompanied by a practical approach on compliance. The results are applicable to all cases in which: (1.) a product is advertised and distributed to a consumer, (2.) governmental technical specifications exist, (3.) a permit, approval, or classification from an authority must be obtained.


Purpose : this article publishes the results of a piece of research that was conducted with high school students in a municipality of Boyaca, Colombia. This work's main objective was to promote reading since it is considered essential in the comprehensive training of people.  Description : some shared and repeated ideas about reading in academia have been critically considered. This led the theoretical foundation to give prominence to some approaches that revive the concept of reading as a fully pleasant exercise.  Point of view : likewise, according to the results obtained, such generalized statements that obscure the artistic and enjoyable value of this activity have been discussed. Conclusions : finally, the results suggest that the strategies to strengthen reading are not unfamiliar or complex, but do require specific attitudes such as recognizing the student's individual tastes and rethinking the undisputed reading of some books considered mandatory


In contrast to conventional multiblade centrifugal pumps, single-blade pumps are characterized by a significant fluctuation of head and highly transient and circumferentially nonuniform flow field even in the best-efficiency point. For a contribution to a better understanding of the flow field and an improvement of numerical methods, a combined experimental and numerical study is performed with special emphasis on the analysis of the transient pressure field. In an open test rig, piezoresistive pressure sensors are utilized for the measurement of transient in- and outflow conditions and the volute casing wall pressure fluctuations. The quality of the numerical simulations is ensured by a careful adoption of the real geometry details in the simulation model, a grid study and a time step study. While the power curve is well reproduced by the numerical simulations, the time-averaged head is systematically overpredicted, probably due to underestimation of losses. Transient pressure boundary conditions for the numerical simulation show a better prediction of the measured pressure amplitude than constant boundary conditions, whereas the time-averaged head prediction is not improved. For a more accurate prediction of the transient flow field and the time-averaged characteristics, the utilization of scale-resolving turbulence models is assumed to be indispensable.


Summary A study of a family containing twins discordant for schizophrenia, involving the analysis of results of interviews and projective tests administered to the family members. The family consisted of twenty-one year old male twins, their mother, and maternal aunt. Protocols reveal the family is divided into two subgroups, with the mother and one twin playing the passive, dependent, submissive roles; the aunt and the other twin playing the active, independent, aggressive roles. The results are interpreted as supporting the view that family themes may be transmitted from generation to generation to form the basis for individual character structure and types of perception.


Orthogonal  Frequency Division Multiplexing  is considered as one of the most promising technology for future communication technology as it provides spectral efficiency robustness against multipath fading & avoids inter symbol interference. However one of the major drawbacks of OFDM system is high PAPR resulting in performance degradation of DAC & decreases efficiency of power amplifier. In this paper we review on OFDM system, its different types of PAPR  reduction techniques and comparison of different PAPR reduction techniques


Diffraction anomalies arising as a consequence of surface structure are shown to be capable of producing enhancement in magneto-optic effects. The magneto-optic behaviour of structured magnetic surfaces is studied in the presence of two anomalies :- (a) where orders pass-off grating horizons and (b) where surface plasmon resonances occur.


Antiferroelectric ceramics are exploited for applications in high energy-density capacitors due to their reversible electric-field-induced phase transitions. The difference in the fields between the forward and reverse transition is termed...


To the Editor: We have read with interest the article ''Immunotactoid microtubular corneal deposits in bilateral paraprotein crystalline keratopathy'' published by Singh and the article ''Atypical corneal immunoglobulin deposition in a patient with dysproteinemia'' published by Matoba et al. Both articles describe the corneal opacifications with regard to a monoclonal gammopathy L-kappa; Dr. Singh disclosed ''peripheral white infiltrate at the limbus in both the eyes'' and Matoba et al ''bilateral, white, amorphous, cloud-like opacities at the level of deep stroma and temporally in the mid periphery.'' We were able to see 5 different opacity patterns in benign monoclonal gammopathy L-kappa: crystalline-like, central lattice-like, peripheral granularlike, peripheral band-like, and finally peripheral patches-like (unpublished data). The title of the article by Singh is misleading because the presented patient did not show a crystalline keratopathy. Matoba et al describe the peripheral opacification as atypical, but such alterations are well known in benign monoclonal gammopathy. We need a uniform and internationally accepted nomenclature in the future when we describe the chameleon-like corneal appearance of immunotactoid keratopathy in benign monoclonal gammopathy. As a proposal, the term for the 2 articles: ''Peripheral band-like immunotactoid keratopathy.'' The term immunotactoid keratopathy represents the different opacity patterns of benign monoclonal gammopathy. The corneal appearance of monoclonal gammopathy is less known because of the different archaic and misleading terms in the past literature.


The status of research and development for the synthesis of ethene and dimethyl ether(DME) from syngas derived from coal and natural gas is reviewed Some technical processes for the synthesis of ethene and DME are compared and discussed, and then the direction of the industrial development for their synthesis is proposed


The detailed category of "Ssi" by Ju, Si-kyung has never been completely settled to reach an agreement, but its fundamental characteristic can be verified through other works such as his final writing, Malui-Sori(the sound of Language), and Malmoi(words of gathering), which he participated in compiling. The most important characteristic that is found among such works is that his "ssinan" (a part of speech) completely conforms to the grammatical categories of entries in the dictionary. This significantly differs from the fact that the current parts of speech in Korean does not conform to the grammatical categories of entries in the Korean dictionary. This is because it is believed that he kept in mind of the elements that were necessary to determine the meaning and grammatical function of words in explaining Korean sentences and not because Ju, Si-kyung's "ssi" was based upon a theoretical unit such as morphemes or words. Such individual elements have already been confirmed in "Jjamdeumgal" from Gugeomunbeob and are in accord with the standards for selecting entries for the Korean dictionary.


This study was conducted in Abu-Khaseb –basra Province season 2010 to study the effect of foliar fertilization by iron that spray by chelated iron in two concentrations (20 and 40 ppm) addition to control treatment


Toluene, phenol, benzyl alcohol, and benzoic acid in alcohols were hydrogenated using Ru/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts at 120 °C under a hydrogen pressure of 6 MPa. The Ru/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited a high activity for hydrogenation of mono-aromatics dissolved in alcohols. The hydrogenation activity of the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst was strongly inhibited by the presence of alcohols. To evaluate the role of solvents, nonpolar and polar solvents, some of which contained oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, were used for the hydrogenation of benzyl alcohol over the Ru/Al2O3 catalyst. A relationship was found between the hydrogenation reactivity of benzyl alcohol in polar solvents and the δ value of the solvent, as defined by the difference between donor number and acceptor number. Nonpolar solvents had no effect on the hydrogenation reaction of benzyl alcohol. Polar solvents with negative δ values, such as methanol, ethanol, and acetic acid, also had no effect. However, polar solvents with positive δ values, such as acetone, te...


A hardware implementation solution to image acquisition in vision inspection based on special video decoder SAA7111 and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) was proposed. Interfaces among the image acquisition system, the computer and the font end hardware processing system were successfully completed. Real time image capturing and real time image processing can be carried out simultaneously by using two frame memory to store image data in turn.


CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE
Anesthesiologist-patient relationships are established preoperatively and intraoperatively. These are opportunities for providing correct information about anesthesia/anesthesiologists, thereby improving outcomes. The aim here was to evaluate patients' perceptions about anesthesiologists before anesthesia and to identify whether the anesthetic care would change such perceptions.

DESIGN AND SETTING
Prospective cross-sectional study using data obtained in 2007-2008, at a tertiary university hospital.

METHODS
518 patients aged 16 years or over were interviewed before and after anesthesia exposure. A questionnaire was used to determine patient characteristics and perceptions of anesthesia/anesthesiologists.

RESULTS
The patients were 16-89 years of age and 59.8% had attended elementary school. 79.1% said that anesthesiologists were specialized physicians. Anesthesiologists' roles were associated with loss of consciousness (35.5% pre-anesthesia; 43.5% post-anesthesia), pain relief (29.7% pre-anesthesia, 31.7% post-anesthesia), vital sign monitoring (17.6% pre-anesthesia, 35% post-anesthesia; P < 0.05); and drug administration (10.8% pre-anesthesia, 43.9% post-anesthesia; P < 0.05). The level of confidence in the physician was rated high (82.2% and 89.8% pre- and post-anesthesia, respectively; P < 0.05) or intermediate (5.8% and 6.6% pre- and post-anesthesia, respectively; P < 0.05). The care provided by anesthesiologists was classified as: elucidating (52.8%), encouraging (52.6%), neutral (10.2%) and careless (0.8%).

CONCLUSION
Patients' perceptions of anesthesiologists' roles were fairly good, but improvements in this relationship still need to be pursued, to achieve better outcomes. Anesthetic care was important in providing information, confidence and reassurance among patients, regarding their perceptions. Anesthesiologists should not miss opportunities to provide excellent professional care for patients, thereby improving anesthesia outcomes and their image.


—Teaching English as foreign language is to enable students to produce the English language orally and in a written, at Senior High School program, the students should be taught, trained, and tested to write English. The students must learn how to write formal letters, emails, application letters, etc. Practically, the process of teaching and learning to write unsuccessfully due to hampered on content, grammar, vocabulary, and reflectivity. The study conducted to solve the problem facing by the teacher in teaching English language at Senior High School in Indonesia. The method of the research was a correlational study and use a probability random sampling. Three types of research instruments were used to collect the data (writing test, multiple-choice tests and questionnaire). The data were analysed by multiple correlations and multiple regressions. The result showed the influence of vocabulary mastery, reflectivity and writing skill are positive and strong as supported by multiple correlation coefficient R is 0.894. The influence of vocabulary mastery and writing skill is positive and significant as supported by tstatistic 4.287 that higher than t critical 2.000. The influence of reflectivity and writing skill is positive and significant as supported by tstatistic 10.09 that is higher than critical 2.000.


384Background: The Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) model is a validated prognostic assessment of cirrhosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), stratifying patients to grades 1(ALBI-1), 2(ALBI-2), or 3(ALBI-3). We reported that ALBI distinguishes patients at higher risk for hepatic failure(HF) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) within the Child Pugh(CP) A population. We now apply the ALBI model to both CP-A and CP-B patients after SBRT with or without orthotropic liver transplant (OLT), and assess its prognostic capability of overall survival (OS) and HF relative to the CP model. Methods: From 2009-2017, 68 patients with 81 HCC lesions and CP-A (45) or CP-B (23) cirrhosis completed SBRT in this IRB approved study. The median dose was 45 Gy (35 - 57 Gy) in 4-7 fractions. Initial ALBI and CP scores were measured against OS and progression of CP class, which was recorded every 3-4 months. Median follow-up = 18 months. Results: The median age = 62 and tumor size = 3.5 cm (1.1 Ð 11 cm). 26 patients were ALBI-1...


I. INTRODUCTION Programmed cell death is a common cell fate in most if not all multicellular animals. Cell death is used extensively during development, as well as later in life, to eliminate cells that are either useless or potentially detrimental to the organism. Programmed cell death is basically cell suicide, in the sense that the cell which is to die actively participates in — and often itself induces — its own demise and removal from the organism. Proper control of programmed cell death is crucial, and breakdown in the regulation of this process can result in a number of pathologies: Inactivation of the death program has been associated with the development of cancer and autoimmune diseases, whereas aberrant activation of the apoptotic machinery is thought to contribute to the extensive cell deaths observed in neurodegenerative diseases and stroke (Vaux 1993; Thompson 1995). Programmed cell death is often also called apoptosis, particularly in vertebrates. The term apoptosis was introduced by Kerr et al. (1972) to emphasize that programmed cell deaths are morphologically very different from necrotic deaths. Because the original definition of apoptosis was based on strict morphological criteria, there has been considerable debate as to whether all programmed cell deaths in mammals were of the apoptotic type. It is now generally agreed that most, if not all, programmed cell deaths in mammals occur by apoptosis. As its name implies, programmed cell death is thought to be mediated by a specific molecular program activated by the cell if and when it needs to...


This article discusses three aspects in relation to Complexity Theory. First, from an understanding of time and space specificities in the rise of theories, it discusses the wider socio-political reasons that may account for the rise of complexity theory and its interest for planners today. The rise of the third sector in governance, the decentralisation of the nation state, the rise of informality, the exponential rise of information and knowledge in every sphere of human and non-human activity and the rise of new normative ideologies are argued to provide the social context for interest in complexity theory. Second, this article positions complexity theory within general social science theories and argues that complexity theory best suits the second-order realm of social science theorisation. Third, this article positions complexity theory within planning theory and suggests that complexity theorists within planning might engage with the theory in three ways. These are by suggesting new ways of ordering of society and space by configuring or re-configuring planning systems in the first order, unravelling new opportunities for actors to work in society and space with largely self-organised entities and finally by searching for and discovering new dynamics for systems in the first order in society and space.


I argue in this paper that the imposition of insider trading regulations on a securities market generates not on1y a reallocation of wealth from insiders to liquidity traders, but also a reallocation of risk from the former to the latter. I further argue that, although the wealth reallocation has no impact on social welfare, under plausible assumptions, the risk reallocation imposes a cost on society.


Despite advances in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, this is still the main cause of death and heart failure worldwide. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to develop new strategies to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from this disease. The main therapeutic strategy currently available is reperfusion; however, paradoxically, reperfusion injury limits the benefits of re-establishing blood flow in the ischemic coronary bed. Different experimental methods have been described capable of limiting or even reducing the infarct area. Yet, only few have been successfully extrapolated to the clinical setting. Adenosine is a substance that has attracted attention for several years. Specifically at the cardiovascular level, it inhibits neutrophil aggregation and adherence to the endothelium, attenuates ATP depletion during ischemia, stimulates glycolysis, inhibits platelet aggregation, and also participates in the ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning protection mechanism. However, attempts to provide cardioprotection by adenosine administration during reperfusion have resulted in dissimilar outcomes, especially in the clinical setting. For example, recent studies using intracoronary bolus injections of adenosine in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) could not demonstrate significant infarct size reduction. These inconsistent results can be related with several factors, including the bioavailability of adenosine during reperfusion and the brief window for its therapeutic application. In this sense, the optimal adenosine dose in AMI is undefined both in animal (dogs and rabbits) as in clinical studies. Due to the lack of an adjuvant treatment limiting reperfusion injury, and taking into account the aforementioned considerations, it is of interest to re-evaluate the effects of adenosine therapy in the context of AMI. Bearing these concepts in mind, Yetgin et al. postulate that prolonged intracoronary adenosine administration at an optimal concentration is able to reduce infarct size and no-reflow area. This hypothesis was tested in a pig animal model subjected to 45 minutes anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by a 2-hour reperfusion period. A group of animals received an intracoronary bolus injection of adenosine at the onset of reperfusion, in an equivalent dose to that used in clinical trials. Then, in a second group of animals, the cardioprotective effect of an intracoronary high and prolonged dose of adenosine was assessed by drug administration during the 2-hour reperfusion period. In this study, a high-dose intracoronary adenosine infusion (50 mg/kg/min), delivered at the onset of reperfusion and maintained throughout its 2-hour duration, significantly decreased infarct size and no reflow area. Conversely, a single adenosine bolus (3 mg during 1 min) during the first minute of reperfusion was ineffective. Prolonged adenosine infusion reduced neutrophil migration to the infarct area, especially in the noreflow area. These actions, in turn, probably contributed to decreased neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells, preserving capillary permeability. Adjuvant therapy with adenosine is a promising tool, particularly in patients undergoing primary angioplasty. However, there are still important issues for its utilization, and consequently, it is necessary to look for its optimal dose and administration time. Moreover, different from animals, patients present comorbidities that could confound or abolish the protective adenosine effects. It is therefore not surprising that clinical studies have not been conclusive. MARTÍN DONATO MTSAC


DFT calculations on the complexes [M(CO)4(N,N)] (M = Cr or W; N,N = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (tmp)) have revealed that the phen and tmp complexes have different LUMOs: b1 and a2, respectively. Nevertheless, the character of the low-lying MLCT electronic transitions, calculated by time-dependent (TD) DFT, hardly changes on going from phen to tmp since the b1(dxz) → b1(phen/tmp) transition is the strongest, whether the b1(phen/tmp) orbital is the LUMO or not. The switching of LUMO orbitals is manifested by the following features exhibited by the tmp complexes, as compared with their phen counterparts: slightly lower IR ν(CO) frequencies, larger solvatochromism, higher relative resonance enhancement of the A12 Raman ν(CO) peak and larger shifts of electrochemical reduction potentials from the "free" ligand value. The similar shapes and intensities of the visible absorption bands of the tmp and phen complexes and similarity of their resonance Raman spectra support the TD-DFT prediction of an essentially identical character of the electronic transition(s) responsible. Reduction of the [M(CO)4(N,N)] complexes produces the corresponding radical anions [M(CO)4(N,N)]˙−, which were characterized by EPR, IR and UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry. In contrast with the neutral species, the properties of the radical-anionic tmp and phen complexes are very different due to difference between their SOMOs: a2 and b1, respectively. This is manifested by the profoundly different EPR hypefine splitting (hfs) patterns observed: [M(CO)4(phen)]˙− complexes show large hfs from the 14N donor atoms and from the pairs of 1H atoms at C3,8 and C4,7 positions. On the other hand, EPR spectra of [M(CO)4(tmp)]˙− show large hfs from 1H atoms of a pair of CH3 groups at C4,7 positions and two pairs of 1H atoms at C2,9 and C5,6, while the 14N splitting is rather small. Reasonable agreement between experimental and DFT-calculated hfs was obtained. The switching of LUMO character between b1 and a2 can have important implications for constructing molecular devices based on phen complexes.


The topological resonance energy ( TRE ) of a catacondensed benzenoid hydrocarbon with h six-membered rings and K Kekule structures can be calculated by the (approximate) formula TR E = Ah + B + CK e–Dh , where A = 0 . 136, B = –0 . 223, C = 0 . 281, and D = 0 . 454. Thus, within classes of benzenoid isomers, TR E is an increasing linear function of K . The greater is h , the smaller the effect of the number of Kekule structures on TR E.


In this work, the porphyrin nanotubes were built by ionic self-assembly in acidic aqueous solution of two oppositely charged non-metal porphyrins, namely, the anionic meso-tetra (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphine dihydrochloride (TPPS4) and cationic meso-tetra (4-pyridyl) porphine (T4MPyP). The electrostatic forces between these porphyrin blocks contribute to the formation of porphyrin aggregates in the form of nanosheets and nanotubes, enhance the structural stability of these nanostructures. The nanosheets thickness approximately varies in the range of 3-15 nm and the sheets diameter up to 1 micron. Using the TEM and SEM, it was revealed that the mechanism of nanotubes formation is based on the wrapping of nanosheets in multiwall cigar-like structures. The porphyrin nanotubes obtained are hollow structures with a length from 200 nm up to 1,000 nm and have a diameter in the range of 50-140 nm with 20-40 nm thick walls. TEM images confirm a hollow tubular structure of the aggregates.


The paper is based on empirical research focused on the implementation of a series of on-line services inspired by the logic of the "social web" in the Local Government of Venice: in particular IRIS, an online platform where citizens can report urban maintenance problems by posting a message on a web page, and expect an almost instant reply by the Local Government. More specifically the focus of the paper is the effect that the implementation of web services that require an "internet-time" response has on the organizational processes and organizational culture of the Public Administration. The research is mainly based on expert interviews and describes the managers' and representatives' activity of interpretation and sense-making realized in order to manage the implementation of this kind of internet-services. It is claimed in the paper that their interpretation needs to encompass also a reconsideration of their role and the role that public institutions should have in the knowledge society. Moreover the paper develops theoretical considerations drawing from this empirical data. It is discusses the concept of "enactment of technology", used both by Orlikowski (2000) and Fountain (2001), which reconsiders the interplay between the characteristics of the technological tools, the constraints of the institutional context and the interpretative flexibility and self-reflexivity of human agents. The paper assesses how the provision of an internet-time service, such as IRIS, and the development of an effective interactive web platform by a local government could imply an at least partial redefinition of the Weberian structural elements of bureaucracy, such as the principles of hierarchy and specialization.


Too large thermal distortion of PCB during reflow soldering process may cause assembly defects such as components deflection and pseudo soldering,and it may induce heavy process stress and even micro crack on the soldering interface.It reduces the assembling quality and long-term reliability of solder joint seriously.This problem is more serious with wider application of TFBGA and implementation of ROHS directive.ANSYS software was employed and a 3D model of high density FR-4 PCB assembly was developed,three different boundary conditions of PCB were designed and their thermal distortion during reflow soldering processes were simulated respectively.The warp degrees of PCB under the different boundary conditions were calculated according to the Standard GB4677.5-84.The results show that the thermal distortion of PCB are reduced greatly when the two edges of PCB are clamped along the thickness direction during the lead-free soldering process,the double objective that the stress minimizing and the distortion minimizing is carried out.


The stormwater drainage system in cities on the plain of North China is of its unique features. Analysis is made hereby of the key factors for the design of the municipal stormwater network, such as the flow collection time, rainfall duration, division of catchment area, runoff coefficient, storm recurrence period, submerged effluent speed and gullies, with proposed selection of best values for design optimization.


To investigate the effect of mining and smelting activities on the heavy metals content in human hair,93 human hair samples were collected from village A and village B surrounding non-ferrous metal mineralized area,respectively. Four elements including As,Pb,Cr,Cu in human scalp hair were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometer(AFS) and atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS) which were in metal mineralized area and in the upwind of mining area. Results showed that the mean contents of As,Pb,Cr and Cu in scalp hairs were 0.75,8.77,0.40 and 6.98 μg/g from village A surrounding the mining area,respectively,while the mean contents of As,Pb,Cr and Cu in scalp hairs from village B were0.25,4.20,0.39 and 7.91 μg/g,respectively. The contents of As,Pb in scalp hairs from village A were significantly higher than village B by t-test(P0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that significant correlation among Pb and As,Cr and Cu has been found in human hairs of village A. However,there was no significant correlation among the heavy metals in human hairs of village B. According to principal component analysis,As and Pb contamination were mainly from the metal smelting,mining and so on. The contents of As and Pb in hairs increased with the growth of age and Cr and Cu didn 't change obviously with age. As and Pb of male hairs was higher than female significantly in two villages by statistical analysis(P0.01),however,there was no significant gender dependence of Cr and Cu in hairs of two villages.


Mention granuloma , certainly to the average gastroenterologist and probably to many pathologists, in the context of intestinal pathology, and the diagnosis of Crohn's disease is established irrevocably, it seems, often to the detriment of the patient. Now no selfrespecting pathologist is going to deny the importance of granulomas in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, and major reviews and interobserver studies have confirmed their importance in the differential diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Nevertheless, increasingly pathologists are questioning the absolute sensitivity and the specificity of granuloma demonstration in the diagnosis of intestinal Crohn's disease, especially in biopsy pathology. For many years pathologists have recognized the variable nature of the histopathology of Crohn's disease. The most characteristic microscopic features of the disease are its multifocal involvement and a triad of histological features: focal ulceration (which is often fissuring and may result in fistula formation), transmural inflammation in the form of lymphoid aggregates and granulomas. These three features are generally regarded as the hallmarks of intestinal Crohn's disease. However, in small bowel Crohn's disease, only in 50% of cases will granulomas be demonstrable. They are especially unusual in duodenal and ileoscopic biopsies from Crohn's disease patients, although it is said that their presence is of much diagnostic utility in these biopsy specimens. The frequency of granulomas, both between patients and within individual patients, increases as one travels down the gastrointestinal tract, in Crohn's disease, with the anus being the most likely site for their demonstration, when there is disease present. They are less commonly seen in patients with a long clinical history and are, conversely, commoner in younger patients with a shorter duration of disease. Their presence does not influence recurrence rates or prognosis in small intestinal Crohn's disease. Granulomas are usually related to areas of ulceration and transmural inflammation: they are less often seen in isolation away from areas of active disease. So, the sensitivity of the presence of granulomas, in the establishment of a diagnosis of Crohn's disease, is variable according to the site of biopsy material, clinical data, notably the age of the patient and the length of disease, and the presence of other associated pathological features. If the sensitivity of granulomas in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, is, perhaps, lower than many might have expected, what of the specificity? In this situation, definition and context become overwhelmingly important. In last month's Histopathology, Mahadeva and colleagues emphasize the importance of position and quality of the granuloma in the differential diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. They have shown that, unlike Lee and his colleagues before them, pericryptal granulomatous inflammation, whether defined by isolated giant cells or by well-formed granulomatous pathology, is not a specific feature of Crohn's disease and can be seen in otherwise classical ulcerative colitis. In pathological practice, others have essentially concurred with their conclusions. Granulomas are, it would seem, only useful for the differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, when they are well-formed, isolated, especially basally oriented in the mucosa, and away from inflamed crypts. Are there other situations in which the presence of granulomas might suggest Crohn's disease and yet the pathology and clinical data demand an alternative diagnosis? First, small granulomas, often Address for correspondence: Professor Neil A Shepherd, Department of Histopathology, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Great Western Road, Gloucester GL1 3NN, UK. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The Hilbert space of probability mass functions (pmf) is introduced in this thesis. A factorization method for multivariate pmfs is proposed by using the tools provided by the Hilbert space of pmfs. The resulting factorization is special for two reasons. First, it reveals the algebraic relations between the involved random variables. Second, it determines the conditional independence relations between the random variables. Due to the first property of the resulting factorization, it can be shown that channel decoders can be employed in the solution of probabilistic inference problems other than decoding. This approach might lead to new probabilistic inference algorithms and new hardware options for the implementation of these algorithms. An example of new inference algorithms inspired by the idea of using channel decoder for other inference tasks is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection algorithm which has a complexity of the square-root of the optimum MIMO detection algorithm.


Asn deamidation was monitored in Ala‐based octadecapeptides of varying α‐helicity. Gly was substituted for Ala residues at positions 6 and 16 to create a peptide with less helicity. Ala → Gly substitutions were made at three or more residues from the Asn to negate known primary sequence effects on deamidation rates. The extent of helicity and rate of Asn deamidation for alkaline aqueous solutions of each peptide was measured as a function of temperature by circular dichroism and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The rate of deamidation in the peptides was inversely proportional to the extent of α‐helicity. The results support the conclusion that Asn deamidation only occurs in the nonhelical population of conformers.


The famous American writer Steinbeck's novel The Pearl is a fable.Although it just has a simple form,it is a good novel with rich connotation.After reading it,readers can not only get a moral lesson from it,but they can also dig out American Indians' ecological wisdom and myth elements.Therefore,this article will interpret its connotation from moral lesson,ecological thought and myth element.It is aimed at helping readers to explore the philosophy of the novel and deeply reflect on the harmonious relationship between man and nature as well as the symbolic meaning of Indian myth so that they can understand the novel better and keep its rich connotation in mind.


The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of 5% dietary levels of Alchornia cordifolia, Carica papaya, Ipomea batatas and Microdesmis puberula leaf meals on the growth and nutrient utilization of Heteroclarias (H. bidorsalis x C. gariepinus) post fingerlings. 35% isonitrogenous dietary levels of 0%, 5%ACLM, 5%CPLM%, 5%IBLM and 5%MPLM were formulated. These were fed to 225 post fingerlings of Heteroclarias, randomly assigned to 5 treatments – TCN, TA5, TC5, TI5 and TM5 in 3 replicates of 15 post fingerlings each using 15 plastic aquaria (250 x 150cm). The fish were fed twice daily at 5% body weight within the experimental period of 56days. Growth and nutrient utilization of the experimental fish were determined. The specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and feed conversion ratio of the control were significantly (p<0.05) better than those of other dietary treatments of leaf meals. This was followed by the 5% dietary levels of IBLM, MPLM and then CPLM. 5%ACLM dietary treatment performed least. The daily protein intake was similar for all the treatments. The results of the experiment revealed that 5%IBLM and 5%MPLM dietary treatments had significant nutritional attributes as feedstuff in the diets of post fingerlings of Heteroclarias and performed better than 5%CPLM dietary treatment. 5%ACLM dietary treatment was of least performance.


The invention realtes to a wind turbine tower with an elevator system. The invention relates to a wind turbine tower with an elevator system and a method to install the elevator system. The tower for a wind turbine comprises an elevator system comprising guide wires 11. The guide wires 11 are connected to a guide wire fixture arrangement 13. The tower 1 comprises a platform 6 that is arranged in the area of the lower end of the tower 1. The platform 6 comprises an opening to allow the guide wires 11 to pass through the opening. The platform 6 comprises connection means 5, to detachably connect the guide wire fixture arrangement 13 to the platform 6 during transportation and installation of the tower 1. The platform 6 comprises and a hoist system 15 to lower the guide wire fixture arrangement 13 through the opening in the platform 6 into a space below the tower 1 to extend the guide wires 11 through the opening in the platform 6.


The system comprises a base (4) made of insulating material, with one or two conducting rails (2,3) set within the insulating material. An electrical voltage is applied to the conducting rails so that there is a current flow along the rails. The rails include lamellae (5) which are cut out from the surface of the rail such that they can be bent upwards from the plane of the rail to an angle ( alpha ). If a pulsed electrical supply of sufficient energy passes along the rails, the points (6) of the lamellae are made to vibrate. This vibration is perceptible to birds and is effective in dissuading them from landing.


ABSTRACT Students with disabilities commonly face barriers when accessing water and using sanitation and hygiene facilities at school. International frameworks have prompted governments to enact local policies that enshrine these rights, guarantee equitable access to education and mandate inclusive infrastructure. This research was designed to explore whether Malawi has translated good policies into practice. Data were gathered in Rumphi district, Malawi, through structured field observations in ten schools and interviews with students with a disability (n = 23), teachers (n = 11) and government stakeholders (n = 2). No school had facilities that fully meet the needs of students with disabilities, and private schools were not necessarily better. The cost of bringing existing infrastructure up to standard was on average MK54 000 (US$78). However, proactive consultation with children with a disability is likely to generate alternative low-cost short-term solutions. Increased government support, budgeting and enforcement is necessary to ensure international standards and national policies are met.


A practical and effective, alternative Monte Carlo formalism is presented that rapidly finds flux solutions to the radiative transport equa- tion for a class of problems in biophotonics; namely, wide-beam irradi- ance of finite, optically anisotropic homogeneous or heterogeneous bio- medias, which both strongly scatter and absorb light. Such biomedias include liver, tumors, blood, or highly blood perfused tissues. As Fermat rays comprising a wide coherent (laser) beam enter the tissue, they evolve into a bundle of random optical paths or trajectories due to scat- tering. Overall, this can be physically interpreted as a bundle of Markov trajectories traced out by a ''gas'' of Brownian-like point photons being successively scattered and absorbed. By considering the cumulative flow of a statistical bundle of trajectories through interior data planes, the effective equivalent information of the (generally unknown) analytical flux solutions of the transfer equation rapidly emerges. Unlike the standard Monte Carlo techniques, which evaluate scalar fluence, this technique is faster, more efficient, and simpler to apply for this specific class of optical situations. Other analytical or numerical techniques can either become unwieldy or lack viability or are simply more difficult to apply. Illustrative flux calculations are presented for liver, blood, and tissue-tumor-tissue systems. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(97)03212-1)


Today, to imcprove the education quality of the graduate students has become a main tendency to develop the education for the graduate students in the world. In the past few decades, the gradnate education in our country has made quite great progress. Although the achievements obvious, there are still several problems needing to be urgently overcome. In this article, a few common problems, which have directly influenced the education quality of graduate students in our country, are brought forward. And related countermeasures of some developed countries are conpared with ours , The results may be useful references to effectively solve these problems.


Gesture recognition plays a very important role in human-computer interaction, and depth based gesture recognition receives more attention because depth sensors have the advantages of capturing depth information and being robust to illumination changes. At present, gesture recognition algorithms focus on the accuracy and efficiency of recognition on general data sets, but ignore the specific needs of interactive gestures in specific scenarios, and the general gesture data sets can not meet the actual interactive needs, which also limits the application and promotion of human-computer interaction. Aiming at the above problems, this paper creates a specific hand gesture data set, which dedicated to interactive teaching of intelligent classroom teaching, and proposes a deep neural network model which integrates global and local information for gesture recognition. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed deep model achieves 93.6% recognition rate of 17 commonly used gestures and verifies the performance in virtual geometry teaching.


The cementation formulation and technology for radioactive liquid waste containing 3 8× 10 5 Bq/L 60 Co, 6 67×10 5 Bq/L 152 Eu and total radioactivity 2×10 7 Bq are studied. The results show that both fluidity and setting time increase and the compression strength decreases with increasing water cement ratio. The properties of cement waste forms of recommended formulations meet the characteristic requirements for solidified waste of low and intermediate level liquid waste. The major properties of the cement mortar are as follows: fluidity is greater than 130 mm, compression strength in 28 d is greater than 7 MPa, and leaching rate in 42 d is 1 84×10 -4 cm/d for 60 Co and 2 76×10 -5 cm/d for 152 Eu(additive cement ratio 0.15), 5 47×10 -4 cm/d for 60 Co and 1 55×10 -4 cm/d for 152 Eu(no additive), the accumulative leaching fraction of gross β in 42 d is 1 7×10 -2 cm(additive cement ratio 0.15) and 3 5×10 -2 cm(no additive).


A brief review about data sources on the thermophysical properties of metals and alloys is presented. The basic advantages and disadvantages of popular information sources are shown. Approaches to the choice of the most reliable data are discussed in general. A simple algorithm for searching the most appropriate property information for specific cases is recommended.


Abstract : Externally controlled diffuse discharge switches offer the potential of submicrosecond opening time and high repetition rate. For the investigation of an electron-beam controlled diffuse discharge, an e-beam gun was constructed which allows submicrosecond, multiple pulse operation. The 200 kV, 100 cm2, e-beam with thermionic cathode is designed as a triode. The control grid is pulsed to generate several successive e-beam pulses of 100 ns duration and variable pulse-to-pulse interval. Electrical and optical diagnostics are used to monitor the triode performance. Preliminary switch experiments in N2-02 gas mixtures are discussed.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which emerged in Hubei Province, China is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2) (Gorbalenya et al. 2020). A particularity of th...


ABSTRACT It is commonly acknowledged that patientswith Alzheimer's disease show memory and cognitive deficitsthat result from their cerebral histopathological abnormali-ties. We report new evidence showing that they also manifestdeficits in interhemispheric integration of information, prob-ably reflecting a corpus callosum dysfunction. Patients weregiven a battery of motor, somatosensory, and visual tests thathad to be carried out by using either one or both hemispheres.Tasks were chosen such that subjects with Alzheimer's diseaseperformed normally when using intrahemispheric processing.They, however, performed poorly when interhemispheric com-munication was required. This observation attests to thepresence of a disconnection syndrome and suggests that theseinterhemispheric tasks can serve as diagnostic tools for theearly assessment of their dementia. Alzheimer's dementia (ALZ) is especially well known for itsdeleterious effects on intellectual and memory functions (1, 2).Neuropathological studies have confirmed that these abnor-mal behavioral manifestations are related to the sites of thecerebral abnormalities associated with the dementia. In fact,anatomical anomalies (senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles,granulovacuolar degeneration, and biochemical changes) aregenerally found in the hippocampus (3)—a structure involvedin memory processes—and associative cortical areas (4–6)—regions considered essential for higher-level cognitive func-tioning. We report a new set of cognitive deficits compatiblewith a dysfunction of another major structure (7, 8), the corpuscallosum (CC), whose principal function is to allow the ex-change of information between the hemispheres. Resultsreported herein indicate that ALZ patients show an inter-hemispheric disconnection syndrome similar in nature to thatdemonstrated by split-brain subjects, i.e., patients whose CCwas sectioned to alleviate intractable epilepsy (7, 8).Disconnection symptoms may stem from the fact that ana-tomical abnormalities found in the cortex of ALZ patientsaffect mainly pyramidal neurons (6), from which originatecallosal fibers. These neurons are also the principal recipientsof input from the contralateral hemisphere (9, 10). Thedistribution of abnormalities is thus coincidental with neuronsthat form the CC. This is confirmed by findings that indicatethat there is degeneration of this interhemispheric pathway inALZ (11–13). Although this could be the manifestation of asecondary process caused by the degeneration of their cells oforigin, it could also constitute part of the physiopathologicalprocess. Indeed, recent studies have suggested that cognitivedecline in aging monkeys, rather than being related to a loss ofcortical neurons or synapses, might be a consequence of thereduction in white matter, including the CC (14).Callosal disconnection manifests itself through specificsymptoms whose gravity depends not only on the functiontested but also on the portion of transected CC. Thus, lesioningthe genu (anterior portion) leads to bimanual coordinationdeficits (15), sectioning the body (middle part) results insomatosensory problems (16, 17), and ablating the splenium(caudal portion), disrupts visual integration (8, 18, 19). More-over, given that linguistic functions are mainly situated in theleft hemisphere, visual or tactile stimuli presented to the leftside of the body and hence, the right hemisphere, will not beverbally encoded if the relevant portion of CC is missing (18,19).We carried out an extensive investigation to determinewhether ALZ patients manifest any of the disconnectionsymptoms generally attributed to callosal pathology. Theselected tests were highly sensitive to the effects of interhemi-spheric disconnection but could be carried out normally byALZ patients using intrahemispheric processing. They wereorganized so as to sample performance along the entireantero-posterior axis of the callosum. Furthermore, most ofthem required comparable intra- and interhemispheric cogni-tive demands.


Aqueous solutions that undergo reversible thermosensitive gelation around body temperature were developed based on hydrophobically-modified methyl cellulose (HMMC). The approach involved HMMC as the main component of aqueous compositions to provide a system with fast gelling properties, which has not been accomplished with aqueous solutions of unmodified methyl cellulose (MC). MC was modified with the stearyl group as a hydrophobic modifier by controlling the degree of modification. The gelation rate of aqueous solutions containing identical amounts of HMMC and NaCl increased as the temperature increased. The HMMC solutions gelled at a fixed temperature and concentration range, while the unmodified MC solutions did not show sol-to-gel transition. In addition, HMMC solutions exhibited much faster gelation than MC solutions at given polymer and NaCl concentrations. The HMMC/NaCl solutions exhibited the reversible gel-to-sol transition upon cooling below 25°C. The rate of sol-to-gel transition at body temperature, and the reversible gel-to-sol transition at room temperature, were modulated by adjusting the concentration of HMMC and NaCl, respectively. The HMMC/NaCl compositions provided a simple system for accurate control of the thermogelling temperature and the thermogelation rates.


Nationwide, the number of geoscience majors has declined since 1983. This decline has been explained as part of the more general decline in science majors due to 1) inadequate pre-college science education, 2) inadequate science-teacher training in colleges and universities, 3) the negative public image of science, 4) the overemphasis on research relative to teaching in colleges and universities, and 5) poor employment opportunities. The declining trend in students majoring in science can be reversed only over a period of several years. In contrast, the decline in geoscience majors can be reversed in a much shorter interval of time, because the first three factors above probably influence only a small percentage of new geoscience majors at the college and university level, and the fourth and fifth factors, which most directly influence potential new geoscience majors, can be remedied as early as the "next" semester. Many new geoscience majors are recruited from students who begin majoring in other fields ...


This paper will discuss four award-winning documentaries developed by Professional Engineers in California Government (PECG). These films are entertaining case histories of four major Caltrans construction projects that featured ABC = Accelerated Bridge Construction elements and show how entertaining and informative communication can inform the general public about major construction projects in their community and win the communities support. The organization PECG = Professional Engineers in California Government is union which represents 13, 000 + engineers and related classes of workers employed by the State of California, for more information see the orgainizations web site at www.PECG.org. The organization was formed in 1962 as a professional association in response to member's wishes to promote a positive image for public employees engaged in transportation engineering. The organization produced or provided technical support for each of the documentaries discussed in this paper as a part of that same mission.


ABSTRACTResults of the measurement on sound insulation of a few partition walls are presented. The sound insulation has been measured in the transmission-reverberation chamber of this Institute. The results are compared with theoretical predictions. A simplified method is adopted to obtain approximate theoretical values of the transmission loss (T.L.).Three types of partition walls, a solid brick wall, brick cavity wall and a double wall plywood panel have been tested. The experimental values of transmission loss of the brick cavity wall is found to be lower than the computed values. This is due to sound transmission through the wire-ties bridging the two panels. The transmission loss of a single thin panel of plywood is too low to meet the insulation requirements. Sound insulation of such panels can be increased by using two panels with a little air space in between. An absorbent material loosely filled in the cavity further improves the transmission loss.


TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master's Degree Programme in Information Technologies Boya, Deng: Performance analysis of multiple simultaneous communications in bacterial nanonetworks Master of Science Thesis, 46 pages October 2015 Major: Computer Networks and Protocols Examiner: Prof. Y. Koucheryavy, Dr. D. Moltchanov


Kopper, Patrick MSc, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, December 2017. Implementation and Verification of a Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) in the Eagle3D Compressible Flow Solver. The objective of this thesis is to implement and evaluate a Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) into the Eagle3D compressible flow solver. Both the ability of Eagle3D to resolve unsteady turbulent flow field and capability of the SEM to reproduce given Reynolds stress profiles to start realistic turbulent behavior are verified using common academic cases. Eagle3D is a Computional Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver using a novel combination of a Bounded Central Differencing (BCD) scheme with Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) approximation to reduce numerical dissipation. SEM is a modern synthetic turbulence method able to reproduce an arbitrary Reynolds stresses specification on discretionary geometries while keeping computational costs low. The Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) capability of Eagle3D is evaluated using the flow over a cylinder and compared to results by ANSYS Fluent. The SEM is used to reproduce unsteady inlet conditions for channel and flat plate cases and relayed into Eagle3D. Common flow parameters such as skin friction, Reynolds stresses and velocity components are compared against analytic, Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS)


Based on the key factors that influence demand and supply of regional irrigation water resources,the model that is used to calculate the guarantee degree of regional irrigation water resources was developed.And then this model was applied to the irrigated area of Manas River Valley,Xinjiang.The result showed that the whole guarantee degree of irrigation water resources in the study area was 79.21% at present,the state of supply and demand of irrigation water resources in the irrigated areas such as Xiayedi,Mosuowan,Jin'an and Manas was in deficiency and its value of guarantee degree respectively equaled to 69.09%,78.76%,78.25% and 71.24%,however,Shihezi irrigated area was in surplus and its value of guarantee degree reached 115.06%.With the increase of groundwater resource exploitation in Jin'an,Manas and Shihezi irrigated areas,the application of advanced water-saving technology and planting structure adjustment,it was predicted that under the premise of no increase in the total irrigated area and of guarantee of water resource security,the whole guarantee degree of irrigation water resources in the study area will be approaching to 100.13% in 2010,however,the Xiayedi,Mosuowan,Jin'an and Manas irrigated areas were still in deficiency except Shihezi irrigated area.With the further implementation of comprehensive measures,the state of supply and demand of irrigation water resources in this area will be in equilibrium on the whole until 2020 and its value of guarantee degree respectively equal to 113.19%.Finally,different strategies were suggested based on the spatial differences of regional guarantee degree of irrigation water resources in the study area.


Entry systems used in unmanned planetary exploration are discussed in terms of future missions and more complex demands made upon the design configurations of orbiters and atmospheric space probes. The presently on-going Galileo project involving a Jupiter orbiter and a probe of the Jovian atmosphere is mentioned, and the difficult entry requirements at a velocity of 48 km/sec and an angle of minus seven to minus 10 degrees into an atmosphere composed largely of hydrogen, are described. Re-entry parameters determined by the respective entry environment, type of entry approach (hyperbolic or elliptical orbit) entry velocity, and guidance technology are given attention. Aerobraking, involving relatively slow circularization of an initial elliptical orbit by repeated passes through the atmosphere, is investigated. Aerocapture, by which vehicles using controlled flight paths through the atmosphere, can go directly from a hyperbolic flyby trajectory to low circular orbit is described. Major attractions of aerobraking and aerocapture are analyzed in terms of modest technology needs and relatively small impact on spacecraft design.


The effect of temperature (15, 18, and 21°C) on the early development and starvation tolerance of yellow goosefish Lophius litulon was investigated. The periods of initiation of first feeding and starvation tolerance were shortened with increasing temperature. The period of first feeding varied from 5 days after hatching (DAH) at 15°C to 3 DAH at 21°C. Yellow goosefish larvae can survive for approximately 9-15 DAH (50% mortality period) without feeding in 15-21°C, but such an extended period of starvation is considered to increase the cumulative


Many psychopharmacologists prefer selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) because the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine is thought to have more adverse effects. This meta-analysis of data from four multicenter controlled studies (published and unpublished) compared the efficacy and tolerability of …


Zingiber leucochilum L.Bai, Skornik. & N.H.Xia (Zingibereae, Zingiberaceae), a new species from southeastern Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated with a colour plate. Notes on ecology, distribution and a preliminary IUCN conservation assessment are also provided. The new species is assigned to Z. sect. Cryptanthium Horan. and compared to five morphologically similar species from China which share the characteristic well-elongated and running rhizome, namely, Z. emeiense Z.Y.Zhu, Z. leptorrhizum D.Fang, Z. pauciflorum L.Bai, Skornik., D.Z.Li & N.H.Xia, Z. smilesianum Craib and Z. yunnanense S.Q.Tong & X.Z.Liu. A key to the above six species is provided and their distributions are mapped.


In this article we will approach the marriages among slaves, the difficulties for its accomplishment and the interpersonal relationships that they propitiated


This article evaluates the role of the Village Phone (VP) Program in empowering the VP operators and its users. It also investigates how the availability of telephone services at reduced tariffs has impacted the role of the Program in Bangladesh as an earning tool. The findings suggest that in its initial stage, VP played a significant role in economic empowerment of the VP Operators. With the increased availability of the telecommunications services in rural areas 2005 onwards, the demand for the VP and its role in generating an income to support the livelihood of rural women in Bangladesh has decreased significantly in recent time. It appears this declining trend in the revenue earnings from VPs will continue and the program faces its demise in the near future.


This paper presents a case study in diagnosing a frequent fatigue failure of a reduction gear used in power generation in oil and gas industry. The reduction gear was connected to a main oil pump (MOP) via a coupling which in turn draw oil from oil reservoir via a series of connecting pipes. An initial investigation conducted by the plant personnel found that the root cause of the frequent gear failure was caused by the recurring misalignments between the reduction gear and the MOP which had resulted in many unscheduled downtimes. Misalignment of the machines recurred times and again in just a short period of time right after the completion of machines alignment works. In view of the complexity of the problem, a vibration Operational Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis of the entire machine train was deployed to obtain a more comprehensive insight into the problem. Results of the ODS analysis revealed that the actual root cause of them is alignment could be traced to pipe strain or misalignment of the pipes that connected to the MOP. Pipe strain was evidenced from the excessive out of phase between the two-connecting pipe flange that routed to MOP. Pipe strain exerts excessive pulling force that caused misalignment to MOP and the entire machines train. The condition of misalignment aggravated as the X2forcing frequency of misalignment coincided with the natural frequency of the MOP itself. MOP resonance had thus triggered a feedback loop that enabled the exchange of vibration energy between resonance and pipe strain. In short, pipe strain had initiated misalignment in MOP and subsequently triggered MOP resonance that fed more vibration energy into the connecting pipe creating a much larger pipe strain. The vicious cycle continues until failures eventually occurred in the reduction gear that connected to the MOP. The remedial works undertaken was thus to eliminate the pipe strain by replacing a section of a rigid pipe with a flexible braided pipe. This enables the system to be more tolerable to pipe strain and also decouples pipe strain from triggering misalignment and resonance in MOP. The remedy measure had successfully resolved the frequent gear failures and also reduced the overall vibration level of the entire machine train by almost half.


Teneral females of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were utilized in standardized tests to gain information on the nature of the resistance of PI 251303, a tomato line previously shown to be highly resistant to this phytophagous mite. A choice tube technique, previously developed to study behavioral responses of this species to chemical stimuli, and a topical application technique were utilized to determine characteristics of repellency and antibiosis of essential oils of tomato foliage. These oils were obtained by steam distillation and fractionated by GLC. Both repellent and toxic components were found in these fractions. The 2 compounds most toxic to T. urticae were subjected to mass and infrared spectral analyses which indicated that the compounds are sesquiterpenoids.


Introduction: We evaluated the results of postoperative mediastinal radiotherapy (MRT) for invasive thymoma and low-dose entire hemithorax radiotherapy (EHRT) for pleural dissemination. Methods: Sixty patients were treated with a nearly uniform policy. Generally, we administered 30 to 40 Gy MRT after surgery at 2 Gy daily fractions for Masaoka stage II tumors or suspected residual diseases, and 50 to 55 Gy MRT for stage III tumors and for highly-suspected or macroscopic residual diseases. Since 1992, we have administered EHRT in patients with pleural dissemination, with 11.2 Gy in 7 fractions or 15 to 16 Gy in 10 fractions after removal of disseminated lesions in addition to MRT. We treated 52 patients with MRT alone and 8 with EHRT and MRT. In addition, we gave EHRT to four patients who developed pleural dissemination later. Results: For all 60 patients, the overall and cause-specific survival and local and pleural-dissemination control rates at 5 years were 79, 87, 86, and 69%, respectively. Both Masaoka stage and tumor resectability were associated with prognosis. In stage IVa patients, pleural dissemination control rate was 71% at 3 years after EHRT, whereas it was 49% in patients receiving MRT alone (p = 0.38). Grade 2 or higher radiation pneumonitis was observed in only 3 of 52 patients (5.8%) undergoing MRT initially. In 12 patients who underwent EHRT, 3 patients (25%) experienced grade 2 or 4 pneumonitis. Conclusions: Postoperative MRT appeared to prevent local recurrence with acceptable toxicity. EHRT is generally safe and may contribute to control of pleural dissemination.


Relative metabolic rate (R.M.R.) is determined by quantity of 02 consumption in a unit time length under certain working condition. Then RMRs volues of isometric exercises and mental works have been reportedly obtained to be quite small. Nevertheless, the weight decrease and conscious fatigue result in after exercises. Whether the energy consumption should be calculated based on 02 consumption alone, or not, may be of matter of discussion. For this reason, changes in sebaceous secretion upon various low RMR works should be examined. In this report the fundamental experiments within the series are included, as follows. 1) The lipids of sebum over the skin surface were found to be mostly Triglyceride and Free Fatty Acid. The individual differences were quite remarkable. 2) When the temperature of the skin was high, and when active exercises took place much, amount of sebaceous secretion was observed to be high. The sebaceous secretion seemed to provide some counter measure obesity. 3) On the occation of isometric exercises, the sebaceous secretion increased nearly twice in the quantity as usual. The sebaceous secretion during mental works also significantly increased. (J. Physical Fitness Japan 1974, 23: 117•`124)


Surface computing encourages exploratory interaction, and many applications are designed to work this way. In essence, the fluid interaction causes the user to ask "What if?" We suggest this requires support for recording the history of such explorations and allowing reversion to earlier states. There are currently a variety of related mechanisms, but they are either underpowered for the sort of interaction history management we suggest is needed, or are restricted to very specific domains. We present a prototype implementation of an interaction history manager: Ra is a JavaScript library for supporting this exploration and version tracking in web applications. We illustrate the interface for end users seen in augmenting simple web applications; we describe the underlying technical architecture, which uses ES6 Proxy objects to maintain access to the application's model; and we present the API, which allows an existing application to include Ra with minimal code change.


The paper describes the Generic Resolution Advisor and Conflict Evaluator (GRACE), a novel alerting and guidance algorithm that combines flexibility, robustness, and computational efficiency. GRACE is "generic" since it was designed without any assumptions regarding temporal or spatial scales, aircraft performance, or its sensor and communication systems. Therefore, GRACE was adopted as a core component of the Java Architecture for Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) Extensibility and Modeling, developed by NASA as a research and modeling tool for Unmanned Aerial Systems Integration in the National Airspace System (NAS). GRACE has been used in a number of real-time and fast-time experiments supporting evolving requirements of DAA research, including parametric studies, NAS-wide simulations, human-in-the-loop experiments, and live flight tests.


AREA Factor VII catalytic active AMENDING to produce a compound that disrupts ACTUALLY WATERFALL blood clotting. MODIFICATION results in a Factor VIIa SUBSTANTIALLY UNABLE TO ACTIVATE THE FACTORS OF PLASMA XU XI. Also present pharmaceutical compositions MODIFIED FACTOR VII USED TO TREAT A VARIETY OF RELATED DISEASES clotting.


Abstract Changes being made to vocational education and training (VET) in Australia to enable industry to be more internationally competitive include making training more responsive to industry and client needs, delivering work skills to specific industry standards, making entry level training more flexible and developing a nationally recognised training framework. Organisations across many industries are adopting a marketing relationship approach in their interactions with customers, recognising the importance of creating value for their current customer base, alongside the need to create new business opportunities. Reports from Britain have described the building of enterprise-specific training programmes, with local partnerships between technical colleges and industry forming the basis of successful British VET delivery. This article first describes theoretical aspects of relationship marketing which support the building of business relationships, then examines the various interactions between industry...


We perform a precision atom interferometry experiment to test the universality of free fall. Our experiment employs the Bragg atom interferometer with 87Rb atoms either in hyperfine state F=1,mF=0 or F=2,mF=0 , and the wave packets in these two states are diffracted by one pair of Bragg beams alternatively, which is helpful for suppressing common-mode systematic errors. We obtain an Eötvös ratio η1−2=0.9±2.7×10−10 , and set a new record on the precision with improvement of nearly 5 times. This measurement also provides constraint on the difference of the diagonal terms of the mass-energy operator.


Coatings having improved rheological properties of the formulations of the present invention relates to a surface-modified silica and coatings with improved performance of the formulation and its use.


Introduction: Burns, as a common type of injury in children, have many developed techniques for management of its wounds, but still have many obstacles which meet plastic surgeons. One of these is the lack of the donor sites for autogenous skin grafting especially in large body surface area burns which are unfortunately common in developing countries with limited technical and financial resources. Finding a suitable methodology to address this problem was our main hypothesis in this project. A mixed grafting technique based on using mini-autogenous skin grafts covered with large homogenous skin graft had been investigated for this purpose. Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective study of 20 patients with post burn raw areas who were treated as inpatients at the Burn Unit of Assiut University Hospital, Egypt between September 2017 and September 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group: 1 with 10 children treated by covering the wounds with mini autogenous skin grafts and skin homo grafts and Group: 2 with 10 children treated by the conventional autogenous skin grafts only. Results: The mean age was 6.8±2.3 years, 15 males and 5 females. The mean of the harvested skin in group 1 was 1.7±0.67% vs. 3.3±1.06% for group 2 (p<0.001). Although the mean time of surgery was significantly longer for patients of group 1, these patients showed significant less bleeding from the site of the donor than the 2nd group. There were non-significant differences between both groups regarding the take of the graft at the recipient site (p=0.476). The hyperpigmentation was significantly higher among patients of group 2 (p=0.024). Conclusion: From this study we advocate the use of mini autogenous skin grafts covered with skin homografts for covering the extensive post burn raw areas in children. It provides the covering for wide raw areas in presence of shortage of the donor sites. It is a valid reliable procedure with easier and less expensive aspects suitable for developing and low-income countries where large wound burns are so common. No specific grants were received by this research from funding agencies in the commercial, public, or not-for-profit sector.


ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, we observed the defluoridation capacity of groundnut shell and Citrus limetta (commonly known as sweet lime) and aims at comparison of their defluoridation capacity. Methods: Batch experiments were carried out for this investigation. To find out the best operating conditions for maximum fluoride removal, we varied the contact time by keeping others parameters to be constant and observed their effects on defluoridation capacity. In this study to follow adsorption process, we used various kinetic models, namely, Elovich equation, Weber and Morris intra-particle diffusion model, Bangham's pore diffusion model, and the pseudo first and second order equations. We also calculated and discussed the effects of various kinetic parameters such as correlation coefficients, equilibrium adsorption capacities and rate constant. Results: The hand-in-hand relationship between intra-particle diffusion model and Elovich equation indicates a major role of pore diffusion process in adsorption mechanism. Furthermore, the rate kinetics is best described by pseudo second order model for both the biosorbents. Conclusion: From the performed experiments, it was found that Citrus limetta peel has more defluoridation capacity in comparison of groundnut shell in all manners. Keywords: Adsorption kinetics, Adsorption, Biosorbent, Ground nut shell, Citrus limetta peel.


In this short paper, we describe natural logit population games dynamics that explain equilibrium models of origin-destination matrix estimation and (stochastic) traffic assignment models (Beckmann, Nesterov–de Palma). Composition of the proposed dynamics allows to explain two-stages traffic assignment models.


This study aimed the investigation of internal communication in the environment of Total Quality Management, focusing the adopted procedures in spreading information and the communication process which was established with several publics related to the studied organization. The formal communication at organization occurs by exchanging messages aimed specifically at solving problems. However, in the last two decades, a new paradigm of organizational management has been adopted in western society with to a view to learn new process by means different relationship at work.


BACKGROUND
Immediately after birth, approximately 10% of newborns need interventions to facilitate lung recruitment and begin spontaneous respiration. A full resuscitation procedure is required by < 1% of newborns. Because you can't always predict the need to perform CPR, at every birth someone trained to conduct such operations should be in attendance. The aim of this study was to investigate the understanding of neonatal resuscitation at birth among emergency medical personnel.

METHODS
This study was conducted in 2012 among a group of 270 people (doctors, nurses and paramedics) working in teams of emergency medical services in Poland. The study involved the issue of a questionnaire, checking knowledge of neonatal resuscitation. Results. 79% of respondents knew the time limits for the use of the term 'newborn'. All respondents had knowledge of the order of proceedings in CPR (76-100%) and the ratio of compressions to ventilation during neonatal resuscitation (76-100%). The group of nurses, compared to doctors and paramedics, knew very little about the following topics: energy shock (44% vs. 100% vs. 100%), tidal volume (24% vs. 92% vs. 78%), and the dose of sodium bicarbonate (32% vs. 96% vs. 87%).

CONCLUSIONS
The best prepared professional groups regarding newborn resuscitation are doctors and paramedics. The incomplete knowledge found in nurses should lead to intensified training in this occupational group.


To provide a basis for the selection of peach cold-resistant rootstock,the shape and size of vessel elements in root and stem from three typical peach rootstocks,Prunus davidiana(SP),P.persica(MP) and Prunus persica cv.Hun-chun-tao(HP),were examined using tissue segregation procedure,micrograph and biometric statistical method.The results showed that there were no obvious differences in the mode of secondary wall thickening and lignifications,pitting pattern,and types of perforation plates in both of root and stem among all three rootstocks,and the proportion of vessel element with one tail in all three roots and spiral thickening phenomenon in all three stems were similar.However,the proportions of vessel element without tail,with two tails,one tail,two slantwise end walls,one slantwise end wall,two horizontal end walls,the length and diameter of vessel element,and the length and diameter ratio of vessel element were different in root and stem among the three peach rootstocks.


This invention relates to a clean water self-compacting concrete. According to the weight, it includes cement 1 share, water: 0.28 to 0.35, sand: 2.78 to 4.18, stone: 4.18 to 2.78, pulverized coal ash: 0 .34 to 1, slag: 0.34 to 1, carboxylic acid high performance water reducer: 0.021 to 0.043. Advantages of the invention: the concrete has high resistance to disintegrate, not secrete water, but also has high mobility, self-filling templates and pouring shape, gain a high quality compacting concrete; and when construction side use clean water template, concrete surface smooth, color uniform, has better visual effect; after hardening concrete has excellent mechanical and durability properties, the compressive strength can achieve not less than 50 MPa.


Abstract : Mixed ammonium molybdate and palladium sulfate reagent was sorbed on to silica gel particles, the granules were dried in vacuum, and the granules were packed into thin glass tubes to prepare gas detector tubes. By passing a sample gas through this detector tube at the rate of 100 cc/min, ethylene concentration between 0.01-100 ppm and acetylene concentration between 1-1000 ppm could be determined in a simple manner within a few tens of minutes or less from the color-volume relations. This method of detecting trace quantities of ethylene and acetylene can be put to practical use to detect the initial stages of the spontaneous combustion of coal in mines as well as to analyze the air that is taken into air fractionating units.


Probability models are widely used in different disciplinary fields. The present paper is an attempt to develop probability model of waiting time of first conception and also analyze under the Bayesian environment of waiting time of first conception under Entropy Loss Function loss function.


The Hanford site was acquired by the federal government in 1943 for the construction and operation of World War II plutonium production facilities. The site is owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Westinghouse Hanford Company is the present site operations and engineering contractor. The Hanford site facilities are centralized in numerically designated areas and include nuclear reactors, fuel fabrication plants, chemical processing plants, and waste management facilities. The past-practice waste management units at the Hanford site include liquid-waste disposal sites (i.e., cribs, ponds, ditches, reverse wells, and French drains), solid-waste burial grounds, underground tanks, and unplanned releases. The wastes disposed of in these units include nonhazardous solid wastes, hazardous wastes, radioactive wastes, and mixed wastes. The past-practice units have been grouped into 74 operable units to perform the remedial investigation/feasibility studies (RI/FS). It is estimated that the RI/FS process will take 4 to 7 yr to complete for each operable unit before a decision can be reached allowing physical cleanup activities to commence. Therefore, the DOE, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the State of Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) have developed a strategy to accelerate the cleanup of waste sites at Hanford. This strategy includes themore » use of expedited response actions (ERAs) in those instances where threats, or potential threats, exist to people or the environment or where preventive measures are appropriate.« less


La-doped lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) thin films were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method. The crystallinity and the electrical properties of the films were investigated as a function of deposition temperature. As the deposition temperature was increased, the preferred orientation of films was changed from the (110) to the (111) plane. The (110) plane decreases with further increase of the substrate temperature to 500 C. The PLZT films deposited to 400 C showed good electric properties with a remnant polarization of 15.8 μC/cm and a leakage current of 5.4 × 10 A/cm. As the deposition temperature was increased 500 C, the PLZT films tended to be Pb-deficient, resulting in the degradation of electrical properties.