The production of contractile force is a key physiological function of skeletal muscle which relies on many factors in order to reach maximal force output. While the working muscle requires sufficient energy substrates to maintain work, for maximal contractile force development to occur, skeletal muscle requires multiple motor units to be recruited thereby allowing fibers to unite their contractions. This recruitment process depends on multiple factors such as muscle fiber size, lack of injury and, neuromuscular signaling. As such, maximal force output is often an indicator of overall skeletal muscle quality, with lower quality (e.g. no infiltration of fat or fibrotic tissue) or injured muscle having impaired maximal force production. Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) is the rate‐limiting enzyme mediating intracellular triacylglycerol hydrolysis and plays a key role in the mobilization of fatty acids during exercise. However, it likely also plays a role in skeletal muscle physiology as a total loss of ATGL leads to a dystrophic phenotype with progressive myopathies, weakness and impaired exercise performance. In order to determine the role between ATGL mediated lipolysis and skeletal muscle functional performance, we generated adipocyte or skeletal myocyte‐specific ATGL knockout mice and assessed their capacity for force production in both young and older animals.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of JBY on a rat model of Collagen-induced Arthritis(CIA).Methods 70 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group,normal control group,and MTX group.Arthritis in rats was induced by injection with mixture of II collagen,incomplete Freund′s adjuvant and Acetic acid in left feet.Pathological changes and swelling scores were observed.TNF-α,IL-1β,and MMP-3 in plasma were also detected to evaluate the effect of JBY.Results 1.Polyarthritis occurred in 98 percent of rats 14 days after injecting type II collagen with Eph-type incomplete adjuvant into left feet,companied with inflammatory nodules and other systemic signs.2.In the groups of JBY-treated CIA rats,the symptoms and signs of arthritis were relieved,with decreased arthritis scores and shortened course of arthritis(P0.01).3.The soft tissue around joints of CIA rats showed apparent swelling.And the inflammatory responses with a lot of lymphocytes infiltration and lining synoviocytes proliferation in the synovial tissue of joint in CIA rats were observed under microscopic examination.However,the pathological changes in JBY treated CIA rat were fewer than those in non-JBY-treated ones.4.The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,MMP-3 in JBY-treated CIA rat sera of cultured JBY-treated CIA rat synoviocytes were much lower than those in controls(P0.05 and 0.01 respectively).JBY can significantly improve the conditions of pathological changes and joint swelling.It can also decrease the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and MMP-3 in plasma.Conclusion The effective regulation of cytokines IL-1β,TNF-α,MMP-3 is perhaps one of the mechanisms of JBY in treating rheumatoid arthritis.


Here Y is the feasible region for the structures. We use the standard approach to break the structure into a collection of parts and extract features from them. Let each yi ∈ y correspond to a part in the structure. That is the inference variable yi is an indicator for the existence of the i th part in the structure. Let the feature function Φ decompose into a sum of features for each part. That is, we have


A short overview is given of the status of research on young extragalactic radio sources. We concentrate on Very Long Baseline Interferometric (VLBI), and space-VLBI results obtained with the VLBI Space Observatory Programme (VSOP). In 2012, VSOP-2 will be launched, which will allow VLBI observations at an unprecedented angular resolution. One particular question VSOP-2 could answer is whether some of the High Frequency Peakers (HFP) are indeed the youngest objects in the family of GPS and CSS sources. VSOP-2 observations can reveal their angular morphology and determine whether any are Ultra-compact Symmetric Objects.


In this article Emery and Enger not only discuss the results of an experimental use of a computer game, Fiscal Policy, but explain the use of the gap-closing score model in evaluating student gains. Readers are urged to pay close attention to the gap-closing score technique as an analytical tool and might consider using it in their own research and evaluation efforts. The authors' use of the TUCE in this study, and their breakdown of the test into simple application, complex application and recognition-understanding components for purposes of this analysis, will also be of interest.


This article is a preliminary outline of game theory and its application to Law. It outlines the theory's origin and development, its elements and its connection to the conventions or agreements used by legal operators, as well as its link to trial development and legal negotiation. It uses simple language, overcoming the mathematical garb that economists have covered it with.


Through analyzing the characteristics of high-performance concrete,the author proposes several methods and essentials to carry out quality control of high-performance concrete in practical engineering from selection of raw materials,construction process and detection,which to offer a reference for similar engineering.


In this paper we propose an LM-Type statistic to test the null hypothesis of cointegration allowing for the possibility of a structural break, in both the deterministic and the cointegration vector. Our proposal focuses on the presence of endogenous regressors and analyses which estimation method provides better results. The test has been designed to be used as a complement to the usual non-cointegration tests in order to obtain stronger evidence of cointegration. We consider the cases of known and unknown break date. In the latter case, we show that minimizing the SSR results in a super-consistent estimator of the break fraction. Finally, the behaviour of the tests is studied through Monte Carlo experiments.


Two pirate ships, one Chinese, one European, sail alongside each other on the wide ocean. A ferocious battle rages between the two crews. But up on top of the biggest masts, there is surprising peace.


Abstract : The following theoretical (Part I) and experimental (Part II) studies have been carried out: I. Theory: The exact mathematical formulations of the eddy viscosity and the eddy diffusity were derived in the frame of mixing length concept. This allowed clarification of the repeatedly discussed mutual interdependency of these quantities, which is relevant to comparison of their fundamental transport mechanism. Moreover, several basic relationships that are relevant to the understanding of the parameters entering the treatise and useful for the evaluation of respective data measured were elaborated. A theoretical justification is given of the confinement of the measurements to the use of the emanations as tracers for the atmospheric eddy transport. Special labor was spent on the development, design and testing of two new equipments: The transportable arrangement measuring atmospheric mass and momentum transfer, and the (still) stationary arrangement measuring atmospheric eddy conductivity, correcting directly distortions by atmospheric humidity. A device evaluating the measured thoron profiles directly into relevant and final data by electronic means has been designed and manufactured.


Object of study: Autism is a complexed neurodevelopmental-neurobiological disorder of behaviour. The aim of the study was the investigation of the correlation of the autistic children's hyperactivity status with major nutritional changes using elemental formula diet and testing these children for food allergies using Rast/Cap IgE tests. Method: A total number of 45 children aged 2,5 to 8 years were checked. All of them were diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder (international criteria 1994). From the 45 children, 17 were found having positive Cap IgE tests for cow milk allergy(class 1-3) and 3 of the 17 children had multinutritional allergy. Further, the 17 children group was randomly divided in two subgroups, 9 of the children started elemental formula(containing free aminoacids-Neocate®) diet with exclusion of all milk products or milk containing food(group A) and the rest 8 children continued their previous diet(group B). The other 28 children group was also randomly divided in two subgroups, 13 children started elemental formula(containing free aminoacids- Neocate®) diet with exclusion of all milk products or milk containing food(group C) and the rest 15 children continued their previous diet(group D). Results: After 4 months of observation, statistical significant differences (p< 0,001) were found in hyperactivity status(measured using properly arranged questionnaire model and special scoring system) between groups A and B, also between groups C and D. Conclusions: Children suffering from pervasive developmental disorder have increased hyperactivity status but it seems that elemental diet has much to offer.


In superconducting particle accelerators significant changes occur in tune and chromaticity during the injection of particles and their subsequent acceleration. This behavior is caused by the decay of magnetic field components in the superconducting accelerator magnets during injection and their so-called "snapback" to the original hysteresis curve during the first few seconds after the start of the energy ramp. The two effects are closely related to a spatially periodic modulation of all field components along the magnet axis. In order to avoid a loss of particles the sextupole component in the dipoles has to be compensated with a very high accuracy. Standard magnetic measurements using rotating coils do not have the time resolution required to completely resolve the snapback. For this reason we have developed a fast system for sextupole measurements consisting of three Hall plates mounted on a ring. A new calibration procedure for the first time allows quantitative results. The detector is used to measure decay and snapback as a function of several parameters in the operation cycle. The results obtained help to better understand the interaction between current distribution and magnetization in the coil.


Zhang et al. show that DOCK8-deficient T and NK cells develop cell and nuclear shape abnormalities that do not impair chemotaxis but contribute to a form of cell death they term cytothripsis. Cytothripsis of DOCK8-deficient cells prevents the generation of long-lived skin-resident memory CD8 T cells resulting in impaired immune response to skin infection.


Excimer laser irradiation of polymers can be used to generate a modification of the surface morphology at the irradiated regions. The normally smooth surface of synthetic fibres can be modified by this non-contacting technique to a regular, roll-like structure, which has a great effect on general properties of the fibre, e.g. adhesion of particles and coating, wetting properties and optical appearance.

Examples of practical, textile applications of this effect for modification of macroscopic properties of fabrics and non-wovens are discussed. In the laboratory, UV-laser irradiation was used to change the optical appearance of fabrics and to improve dust filtration properties of non-wovens. The adhesion of pigment dyes and particles on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyamide fibres could be greatly improved. Improvement of laser treated high performance fibres adhesion towards rubber and epoxy resin has been demonstrated. Some other applications of UV-laser treatment of polymeric material are briefly discussed. © 1998 SCI.


The intermodulation products generated in an actively compensated X-band IMPATT amplifier have been measured and compared with the corresponding uncompensated amplifier. The 3rd-order intercept point increases from 11.5 dB to 23 dB, giving an improvement of 11.5 dB.


A traditional setting, investigations on group communication focus on system reliability in the face of network failures or group member changes. However, sensor networks face serious obstacles like limited energy resources and high vulnerability to harsh environmental conditions that have to be considered carefully. In our concept, sink selects the nodes to create a cluster head based on node received signal strength. Cluster head assigns digital signature to each node for transmits sensed data to sink through cluster head using RCS (Resource Conscious Secure Routing) protocols. The protocol is used to authenticate the digital signature of that authorized node, which are efficient for communication and applying the key management for security. After packet transmission sink conduct recycling process to select new cluster head based on node threshold value. Although all sub nodes id and cluster head changed based on RCS. We are using localization algorithm to detect the attack in cluster head. Sink to detect the active attack based on checking the new node arrival using localization algorithm. After identification of attacker, that attacker node goes to inactive state. For security purposes, the content of each message can also be encoded by using pattern encoding method and decoded at the sink node by knowing the swapping bit position. So, unauthenticated person cannot access the original data. By this way, the protocol provides a secure message delivery option to maximize the message delivery ratio under adversarial attacks. Keywords— routing, message delivery ratio, energy balance, pattern ISRJournals and Publications Page 634 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology Volume: 4, Issue: 3,Special Issue: 1 ,Mar,2016 ,ISSN_NO: 2321-3337 encoding, random walking.


Prior research into misinformation has overwhelmingly concentrated on English-speaking communities. As a result, misinformation has proliferated, almost unchecked, in non-English contexts resulting in a dearth of understanding the structures and impact of misinformation among marginalized and immigrant communities. Through qualitative coding of social media data and a thematic inductive analysis inspired approach, we investigate how misinformation has proliferated through social media sites, such as Facebook, and the types of informational content, and specific misinformation narratives, that spread across the Vietnamese diasporic community during the 2020 U.S. Informed by the work of organizations such as Viet Fact Check, The Interpreter, and other community-led initiatives working to provide fact-checking and online media analysis in Vietnamese and English, we present and discuss salient misinformation narratives that spread throughout Vietnamese diasporic Facebook posts, fact-checking and misleading information patterns, and inter-platform networking activities. This work contributes contextual knowledge to researchers seeking to understand how to represent and include immigrant diasporic communities and their sociocultural contexts, within research on transnational misinformation around sociotechnical systems.


A communication terminal having an emergency reception function, a CID display terminal having the same function, and an emergency reception service method therein are provided to make users rapidly notified of an emergency situation by turning on televisions, comprised in each home, by using wire telephones receiving an emergency reception signal and tuning channels of the TV to a news channel broadcasting the emergency situation. A communication terminal(100) having an emergency reception function comprises an analog interface part(101), a control part(103), an external interface part(105), and a storage part. The analog interface part(101), connected with a telephone line, executes an interface function to transceive signals with a PSTN(350) through the telephone line. The control part(103), in case an emergency reception signal is inputted through the analog interface part(101), transfers the present mode to an emergency reception mode, creates an electronic device control signal to operate an electronic device, and outputs it. The external interface part(105), having a connector to be connected with an external device, makes the electronic device control signal outputted to the outside. The storage part stores an emergency situation warning signal to be outputted in the emergency reception mode. Also the storage part stores information to create the electronic device control signal.


In the progression of the Temporomandibular Joint Disorder(TMD), not only deformation and perforation of disc occur. But also fibrotic adhesion and inflammatory changes to the retrodiscal tissue can be seen in addition to the condylar degenerative change (e.g. osteoarthritis). However, the correct diagnosis, ?planning for appropriate treatment, and prediction of prognosis are limited, because there are no means to stage the progression of the disorder. In this study relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue in MRI and the synovial fluid concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the 23 temporomandibular joints(TMJ), from 17 patients with TMD were evaluated as a possible diagnostic marker. The relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue was referenced to brain gray matter with same region of interest(ROI) size. The concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-6 were evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The collected data were compared with condylar degenerative change, joint effusion and disc position observed in MRL The relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue was increased significantly when degenerative changes were present. In addition, there was significantly high signal intensity in the presence of a disc displaced without reduction. The concentration of IL-6 was significantly increased when condylar degenerative change was no observed. And there were no changes in the levels of IL-6 according to disc position and joint effusion measurement. Moreover, there were no significant relevance between the concentration of total MMP-2 and active MMP-9 in synovial fluid, relative to degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle, to joint effusion, and to disc position observed on MRI images. In conclusion, the relative signal intensity of the retrodiscal tissue can be regarded as a mean of diagnosing the procession of TMD in a non-invasive manner. But more additional studies are required for the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-6 to determine their potentials as a diagnostic marker for TMD.


Objective:To understand psychological stressor,stress responses and coping style of Medical College Students in order to provide a theoretical basis for the psychological health education of college students.Methods:Shenyang Medical College students and Liaoning HE medical college students were investigated with student-life stress inventory(SLSI) and trait coping style questionnaire(TCSQ).Results:In the stressor and coping style,differences between the scores of girls and boys were not statistically significant.In the behavioral responses and cognitive reaction of the stress reaction,differences between the scores of girls and boys were statistically significant(P0.01,P0.05).There were no significant differences between different college students' stressor and coping style,but the differences between their physiological responses and behavioral reaction of the stress reaction were statistically significant(P all0.01).In stress scores of stressor,the difference between differentsource of the college students was statistically significant(P0.01).In the behavior reaction of the stress response,There was statistically significant(P0.01).In the coping styles,there was no significant difference.College Students' coping styles were negatively correlated with various stress responses negative coping style was positively correlated with various stress responses and the differences were statistically significant(P all0.05).Conclusion:A part of two medical college students' psychological stress was formulated by the internal factors and external factors,and different coping style had a certain effect on mental health of college students.


yas G*v'}G~~N this presentation, the following will be described: (1) trends in immigration of physicians into Canada; (2) trends in physician supply in Canada; (3) trends in the output of Canadian medical schools; (4) trends in emign ration of Canadian physicians to the United States; (5) trends in physician acceptance of payment from the Canadian medical care plans as payment in full. Implications will be briefly noted as well.


The tritium permeation from the target cooling primary helium loop to the intermediate water loop through heat exchangers is studied, for the 5 MW operation of the target station at European Spallation Source (ESS). Both bi-metallic and mono-metallic heat exchanger concepts are studied, for the co-current and counter flow cases. The quasi two-dimensional temperature profiles in the helium, in the water and in the metallic barrier separating the two flow regions are calculated. The surface temperature of the metallic barrier facing to the helium side determines the tritium concentration dissolved in this region. The diffusion flux of the surface tritium through the wall thickness is calculated. The permeation rates via these different heat exchanger configurations are compared and a recommendation is made. It is shown that the tritium contamination level in the intermediate cooling loop allows controlled discharge of water to the city sewage system. The methodology presented in this paper can be applied to general engineering analyses of the tritium permeation problems in spallation facilities.


A polymer surface chemical composition can be changed by the influence of different environments. Results presented from this study show that the surface of the mould influences the outermost polymer surface by enriching it with specific functional groups. This was done by moulding random copolymers against polymer films with low and high surface energies. The values presented are interpreted in terms of differences in surface energy between the mould surface and the copolymer. The random copolymers used were poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (EVA) and poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (EAA), both with a different comonomer content. The copolymers were moulded in contact with mould surfaces made of polymer films which were perfluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The resultant surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) and contact angle measurements The surface content of acrylic acid functiona...


We present the large-scale sidereal anisotropy of Galactic cosmic-ray intensity in the multi-TeV region observed with the Tibet-III air shower array during the period from 1999 through 2003. The sidereal daily variation of cosmic rays observed in this experiment shows an excess of relative intensity around 4-7 hr local sidereal time as well as a deficit around 12 hr local sidereal time. While the amplitude of the excess is not significant when averaged over all declinations, the excess in individual declination bands becomes larger and clearer as the viewing direction moves toward the south. The maximum phase of the excess intensity changes from ~7 hr at the Northern Hemisphere to ~4 hr at the equatorial region. We also show that both the amplitude and the phase of the first harmonic vector of the daily variation are remarkably independent of primary energy in the multi-TeV region. This is the first result determining the energy and declination dependences of the full 24 hr profiles of the sidereal daily variation in the multi-TeV region with a single air shower experiment.


Diaphragmatic injuries were described first by Sennertus in 1541. Rupture of the diaphragm due to blunt trauma is a rare event that is usually not detected in the acute phase of trauma and may manifest itself late and with dangerous complications. The common side effects of this injury include displacement of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, which can cause respiratory problems due to limited lungs. Abdominal organs such as stomach, omentum, intestines, spleen, and liver are the most common to herniate in to the thoracic cavity .In late presentation, the key point is to identify the patient's strong clinical suspicion and history. CT scan is the most common modality in diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia. In this article, we introduce a unique case of diaphragmatic hernia after trauma due to falling from a height of 2 years ago, which showed itself with a tension pneumothorax in its management.


Microbial electrochemical systems (MES) cathodic reaction have stood out in the last decade, due to their versatility for the production of several chemical products of commercial interest using renewable energy. This work addresses the use of halotolerant microorganisms as bio-anodes with saline electrolytes (50 gL − 1 NaCl), with a lower resistance and energy loss compared to freshwater systems. Likewise, it was demonstrated that it is possible to recover lanthanide in the form of oxides from a highly saline electrolyte. Being the first work in the literature to report the recovery of this metal from an aqueous solution in MES, opening a door for the development of MES specialized in the recovery of rare earth elements.


China's national culture is an important part of Chinese culture in recent years, China's national elements of the positive international.However, the current fashion ever update information is often so that students of art and design professionals to the West blindly, ignore Chinese culture.In this paper, teaching methods of the design to the premise of practical, applied for the purpose of technology as a means of teaching graphic design a comprehensive analysis of the culture used in our art and design teaching, design a system to promote understanding of and thinking to promote the students the proper use of elements of the Chinese nation.


Abstract Given the magnitude of the September 11th terrorist attacks, attention to those exposed to media coverage of the attack appear warranted. In the current study, responses of students attending three Southern colleges were assessed one week to ten days following September 11th. A significant decrease in PTSD symptoms from the first 24 hours to the second day on was noted. PTSD symptoms also correlated significantly with previous traumas, the "information-seeking" coping dimension, the "ruminative/avoidance" coping dimension, and per ceived benefits. Perceived benefits were also correlated with total number of previous traumas and both dimensions of coping. The findings of the study provide important preliminary data on the relationship between responses to terrorism for a young adult population distant from the attack.


With the large scale construction of power fiber optic communication networks,network structure becomes more and more complex,only relying solely on optical alarms,locate the fault point manual testingmethods have clearly not suited to the current cable line maintenance and management requirements,fiber optic cable maintenance and management issues are increasingly prominent.Therefore,in order to improve network management,service level and competitiveness to meet the future requirements of higher level network management,this paper presents a comprehensive network management system in the power integrated communications platform to set automatic monitoring,resource management and data management cable in one comprehensive monitoring system is very necessary.


The anisotropic characteristics of small-scale forced 2D turbulence on the surface of a rotating sphere are investigated. In the absence of rotation, the Kolmogorov k−5/3 spectrum is recovered with the Kolmogorov constant CK≈6, close to previous estimates in plane geometry. Under strong rotation, in long-term simulations without a large-scale drag, a −5 slope emerges in the vicinity of the zonal axis (kx→0), while a −5/3 slope prevails in other sectors far away from the zonal axis in the wave number plane. This picture is consistent with the new flow regime recently simulated by Chekhlov et al. [Physica D 98, 321–334 (1995)] and Smith and Waleffe [Phys. Fluids 11, 1608–1622 (1999)] on the beta plane. The concentration of energy in the zonal components and breaking of isotropy are caused by the strongly anisotropic spectral energy transfer and the stabilization of zonal mean flow by the meridional gradient of the planetary vorticity. The sharp tilt-up of the spectrum along the zonal axis was qualitatively ...


In order to reduce the lateral force between wheel and rail during curve negotiation of rail vehicle, some kinds of bogie truck with actively steered wheelsets have been investigated. This paper deals with a basic study about the actively steered truck, which employs a control law based on the self-steering ability of wheelset, measuring the relative yaw angle between the wheelset and the bogie frame. However, this control law helps not only the steering performance, but also the occurrence of running instability. Therefore, two methods are proposed to improve the stability. One is the method that adds the wheelset lateral velocity as the feedback state, and the latter is the one that gives some time lag to the control moment. Both methods are proved to be affective for the stabilization. Here, the latter is more practical because it does not need further measurement. Then, it is also confirmed that the control lag of the latter method does not deteriorate the steering performance under the practical curving condition with track irregularities considering the dynamic characteristics of electro-mechanical actuator.


The fact that in the year: 1634 the English Benedictine priest, Leander Jones, came to England on some sort of special mission connected with the Roman and Anglican Churches is comparatively widely known, and a number of writers have referred to it and even given some account of the mission, quoting to a greater or lesser extent from documents that Leander wrote in the course of it. There is not, however, complete agreement among these writers as to either the origin or the exact nature of the work that he was undertaking, and the accounts of it have all been incomplete and incidental. The purpose of this article is to attempt to discover from his own writings what in fact he was trying to do, and to trace, as far as may be, in the ensuing correspondence the reception which his efforts met with in Rome.


If you aren't registered to vote, and you want to take part in the upcoming planning referendum, you'll need to do so by 12 September 2017.


A dual-port antenna system designed for cognitive radio applications is presented in this study. The structure comprises of an ultra-wideband (UWB) sensing antenna and a reconfigurable communicating antenna. The former is a stepped slot structure with an offset feed, which covers the whole UWB frequency band from 3 to 10.6 GHz, whereas the latter is a dual-band slot antenna (DBSA) fed with a fork-shaped microstrip-line feed and loaded with two identical layers of meandered metasurfaces (MSs). Frequency agility is realised by rotating the MS layers for the DBSA antenna. The dual-band communicating antenna has three switchable states with tuning ranges of 28 and 45% in the lower- and upper-frequency bands, respectively. The degree of isolation and gain in all three states are appreciable. The proposed structure is fabricated and measured, which has a good agreement with the simulated results.


In semi-arid regions, inadequate management of irrigation in watermelon crops greatly increases yield losses. As a result, we sought to regionalize irrigation slides necessary for watermelon cultivation in the State of Piaui, considering different sowing times and soils with different water retention capacities. Irrigation slides were determined by the crop water balance, considering a historical series of fifteen years, originating from daily pluviometric precipitation records in 165 sites of this region. The reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and the respective crude irrigation slides were estimated on a daily scale for each site. Then, the crude irrigation slides were spatialized to the entire target region through a routine performed in Excel and later using the SPRING software, depending on the available water capacity in the soil and the date of sowing. Seeding dates with the need for minor irrigation slides for watermelon cultivation in Piaui were January 1st, February 1st and March 1st and in relation to sowing dates, the largest irrigation slides were verified on August 1st, September 1st and October 1st. Regionalized irrigation sheets varied according to the available water capacity in the soil and date of planting.


There is a lot of books, user manual, or guidebook that related to Advanced Strategies In Control Systems With Input And Output Constraints Repost PDF, such as : enforcer cascadia wolves 1 lauren dane memorials of thomas davidson the wandering scholar navigation plus rns manual the last dance encountering death and dying texas eoc ela practice workbook by pearson the herculaneum pottery liverpool forgotten g chapter 14 the human genome lab answer key my first communion book answer booklet ocean voices sats honda accord workshop manual


Examines the current situation facing Australian higher education institutions engaged in the export of their services. Considers current trends in the world market for international education services, as well as current and future developments in the Australian higher education system. Recent research evidence suggests that the international market for education is reaching maturity. Contends that Australia's international education sector, especially in the area of higher education, requires greater differentiation and more careful marketing in order to deal with this trend. Outlines some suggestions as to appropriate future strategies for the Australian international education sector.


Veterinary procedures include health-related interventions as well as interventions that affect the physical
 integrity of the animal, i.e. invasive and/or painful. This definition thus takes into account the
 specificity of animals whose body is subjected to numerous and varied manipulations for purposes
 other than medical. This lead to the establishment of a clear distinction between two fundamental
 concepts, the nature of the procedure and its aim, because in the past, confusion between the two
 concepts caused many misunderstandings. This definition has lead to a review of the law to include
 certain practices, based on an essential principle, that of the technical competence of the person performing
 the veterinary procedures.


The COVID-19 is a global crisis that has brought about a ton of negative consequences. Especially, fearfulness more or less arose in everyone during the pandemic and had bad impacts on their daily life. Furthermore, finding out the predictors of their fear is necessary to come up with strategies to lower the fear. All of that makes examining their fear of COVID-19 more necessary than ever. This study examined Vietnamese undergraduates' fear of COVID-19 and found out some predictors of their fear. Our cross-sectional study was conducted on Vietnamese Pedagogy students using The Fear of COVID-19 Scale. To determine if demographic variables are a predictor of fear of COVID-19 among undergraduate students. Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis were conducted. The data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 with considering a significant p-value <= of 0.05. The results indicated that: (1) students in Vietnam suffered from a medium level of fearfulness (M = 21.66, SD = 5.83);(2) females had a serious fear of COVID-19 in comparison with males;and (3) the students' gender, university, school year, their number of Family size and their moving status significantly predicted their level of fear for COVID-19. In conclusion, the student's gender, university, school year, their number of Family size, and moving status were significant predictors for their fear of COVID-19.


In this article, new magnetohydrodynamic methods of transmitting forced vibrations to solidifying aluminum-alloy melts are presented. It is shown that the cavitation threshold depends mainly on the electromagnetic pressure peak. In the presence of well developed cavitation situations, a very fine and homogeneous microstructure has been observed throughout the irradiated ingots. Several new prototypes allowing for significant energy savings that are likely to be used for industrial applications, including the elaboration of metal-matrix composites by means of a preform infiltration process, are described.


Sources have been considered and requirements have been commented concerning the adequate presentation of statistical results in scientific publications on the basis of science methodology and the principles of conclusive medicine. Adherence to the requirements considered will improve planning of scientific studies, help authors to make a qualitative analysis of experimental and clinical data and facilitate acceptance of works for publication in scientific journals.


CMOS low-voltage process design is presented as an example of industrial application of technology CAD. TCAD tools are used to evaluate G/sub P/, the gain in power efficiency (i.e. battery lifetime) which is achievable by reduction of supply voltage (V/sub dd/) with adaptation of threshold voltage (V/sub th/) and gate length scaling for constant performance. The trade-off between leakage and active power depending on the IC properties is studied. Maximum G/sub P/ found for a 16 bit microprocessor with 32 kB on chip SRAM is about 7 for V/sub th/ of /spl plusmn/0.3V and V/sub dd/ of 1.3V.


This paper investigates the problem of regulating the output voltage of a battery driven boost converter where the load is uncertain or changes within a certain range. By using the state-space averaging method, the open-loop system for regulating the output voltage is described as a 6th order differential equation with a bilinear term and input constraints. A simple saturated state feedback is designed by solving some optimization problem with linear matrix inequality constraints. The optimized controller is very close to an integrator feedback. Using the newly developed Lyapunov method, we analyze the stability and regulation of the closed-loop bilinear system. Computation shows that both the optimized state feedback and the integrator feedback can achieve practically global regulation in the presence of uncertain load and uncertain battery voltage. The results are validated by experimental systems.


Method and apparatus for reducing electrical power con Sumption of an electronic unit provided with a central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is returned to a normal operation state at regular intervals when the CPU has been placed in a sleep State. The CPU outputs a clear Signal to a monitoring circuit, and makes reference to an actuation Signal for an external device, Such as, for example, a motor from a control switch to place the CPU in the sleep state at a time other than a time when reference is made to the clear signal and the input signal. When the CPU has been released from the Sleep State, reference to an output of the clear Signal and the input signal and an output of only the clear Signal are repeated at regular intervals and at a predetermined fre quency.


Hybrid electrical vehicles involve two sources of energy, usually gasoline and electricity. The energy management determines the power sharing between the internal combustion engine (ICE) and the electrical machine (EM). It is highly dependent on the driving cycle (i.e. the use of the vehicle). In this context, the optimal sizing of the EM is determined by: the driving cycle, the power-train characteristics (i.e. ratios and physical limitations e.g. maximum torque available) and the energy management. The key idea of this work is to involve the driving cycle and the environment of the electrical machine in a global multi-objective optimization process taking into account an optimal energy management (OEM).


Refrigerator form an important link in wide chain of cross contamination which leads to the outbreak of domestic food borne disease.In this study samples were obtained from various parts (drawer,handle,egg tray,surface) of domestic refrigerators of various parts of Mohakhali and Mirpur area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 37 isolates collected from 8 different parts were identified. Identification of bacteria was done through conventional biochemical tests according to Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of all isolates were performed against nine commercial antibiotic discs [Ampicillin (10 μg), Ciprofloxacin (5 μg), Chloramphenicol (30 μg), Gentamycin (10 μg), Azithromycin (15μg), Penicillin-G (10 μg), Nalidixic acid (30 μg), Streptomycin (10μg), Tetracycline (30 μg)] by using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. A total of 37 isolates had been identified where Staphylococcus spp.and Klebsiella spp.showed the highest prevalence 8(21.62%), next to Pseudomonas spp 5(13.5%).,E.coli 5(13.5%), Salmonella spp 5 (13.5%), Bacillus spp. 2 (5.4%) and Vibrio spp. 4 (10.8%). Ampicillin showed the highest resistance percentage (81.08%) for most of the isolates. Out of 37 bacterial isolates, (29.72%) were resistant to more than two antibiotics. We also determined temperature tolerance of the organisms by growing the isolates in different temperature like 45°C,50°C and 55°C. All the isolates showed growth at 45°C but in 50°C and 55°C only (54.05%) and (10.81%) isolates showed viable growth. These results indicate that the presence of these organisms, including potential foodborne pathogens, in domestic refrigerators portends serious health implications. It is needed to maintain appropriate food storage and refrigerator management, and proper hand hygiene is recommended.


The present invention relates to a method for determining an effective noise removal from the capacitive touch sensor, and more particularly to (1) an offset (offset) from the distribution of the sample data received from the capacitive touch sensor; (2) based on the overall average of the sample data, in the average to set a range from a value obtained by subtracting the offset determined above to the addition by the offset value, and calculating a partial average of the data included in a predetermined range step; And (3) in that it comprises the step of determining the calculated section average a signal of the capacitive touch sensor characterized in that on the configuration. The present invention is, more specifically, the touch sensor of capacitive type comprising a touch screen related to a touch screen device using an effective noise removal method in the capacitive touch sensor; And comprising: a signal processor for processing a signal received from the touch sensor, and the signal processing unit, an offset determination module for determining an offset (offset) from the distribution of the sample data received from the touch sensor; And, based on the overall average of the sample data, and sets the range from the average to the value obtained by adding as much as the offset from the value obtained by subtracting the offset the determined value, and calculating a partial average of the data included in the predetermined range, wherein and in that it comprises a noise reduction module for determining a computed average portion into a signal of the touch sensor, characterized on the other configuration. According to the inventive method, effective noise removal from the capacitive touch sensor that proposed in, and a touch screen device using the same, and determines the offset from the distribution of the sample data input from the capacitive touch sensor, a sample from the set range using the determined offset calculating a partial average of data, by determining the average calculation section as a signal of the capacitive touch sensor, it is possible to effectively filter the noise by using a relatively small sample data in and enhance the accuracy of the touch signal.


. Reproductive health and contraception use by Ukrainian servicewomen in the current war zone: a questionnaire survey. Burlaka O.V., Vahnier V.O. The aim of the study is to define awareness level and use of different contraception methods by servicewomen in the current armed conflict in the East of Ukraine. Between October 2018 and September 2019, 507 military women serving in the Joint Forces Operation Zone in eastern Ukraine and 100 civilian women from the frontline region participated in the questionnaire-based survey. The survey was focused on the knowledge and use of different methods of contraception and STI preventing by military women in conditions of armed conflict in Donbas. Servicewomen reported using of different methods of contraception in 48.3±4.3% of the cases, which is 1.5 times less than civilian women (RR=1.5; 95% CI: 1.2 – 1.7, p=0.001). Among those who reported using contraception, hormonal methods were chosen by 8.2±3.4% of active duty military women, which is two times less than by civilians (RR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-4.1, p=0.03). The low use of effective methods of contraception by active-duty servicewomen according to results survey is one of the reasons for the disruption of female reproductive health during military deployment. The primary reserve of preserving women's health in the current war environment,besides access to modern contraceptives and counseling, is improving the education of military medics in the gender-specific issues of reproductive health and contraception.


The effects of various additive elements on the magnetic properties of Sm-Co-Cu-Fe quaternary alloys were studied. It was found that zirconium was the best additive element for improvement of their magnetic properties. The best properties were so far obtained for an alloy of Co, 25.5wt% Sm, 8wt% Cu, 15wt% Fe, 1.5wt% Zr. The energy product of this alloy attains 30MGOe by a step tempering following the solution treatment. In addition to excellent magnetic properties, Sm 2 (Co, Cu, Fe, Zr) 17 type permanent magnets exhibited the desirable temperature coefficient of residual magnetization of 0.03%/°C and a temperature coefficient of intrinsic coercive force of 0.16%/°C.


This article talking about change and curriculum development,
called competency based curriculum. This curriculum will peform in
2003/2004 in every variety and scale of education, there are elementry,
secondary, and higher education. Competency based curriculum prosecute
change of teacher paradigm, espiacially in learning process.
This is important due to teacher who have directly respondbility to
apply it.
Teacher qualification in competency based curriculum mean the
teacher not only have 10 profesional basic ability due to claim of curriculum
1994, but also understand: (1) spirit of curriculum *non scholaesed
vitae discimus", (2) to apply leaning process with education
and entertainment approxim action, and (3) teacher pay attention to
student personality.


This research work has as a main objective the analysis of the legal frame regarding the parents-children relationship agreeing to the regulations of the Civil and Commercial Code and its application into everyday judicial practice. This implies the need of the deep and profound study of family conflict in order to analyze the new normative in "parental responsibility", in agreement with the doctrinaire and judicial evolution which has left behind the substituted notion of "patria potestad" by the notion of "integral protection". In such way, the main purpose is to highlight the importance that the family conflict be treated by a specific process, attending to its particulars and special nature.  Finally, and considering the duties of the co-paternal right emphasizing the notion of personal care, the objective is to highlight the importance of the judge´s labor when proposing a "work plan" in the cases submitted to its decision; considering, in the first place, to the conflict own-composition, and just then, solve the parental disagreement. All this, in a permanent consideration that in all cases it must be arrived to a right constitution of the parental couple and, consequently, to  the shared personal care.


Does sperm selection by a novel single-step microfluidic chamber offer effective selection of motile sperm without DNA damage compared with Density Gradient Centrifugation (DGC)?

 The novel single-step microfluidic chamber is a good alternative to conventional DGC, increasing DNA integrity and progressive sperm motility in recovered sperm populations.

 High levels of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) can have negative impacts on reproductive outcomes such as clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates. Microfluidic sperm selection technologies have been developed to select sperm with lower level of SDF and higher levels of motility to improve Assisted Reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. While these methods have achieved variable success, very few have proven clinically relevant and fail to perform selection in a robust and simple methodology that can be adopted in clinics.

 A prospective cohort study including 21 donated semen samples processed in 2021. Each sample was split to perform DGC and microfluidic sperm selections side-by-side. Laboratory outcomes were evaluated using semen parameters pre and post processing and included concentration, motility, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI).

 The study was performed using samples donated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. DGC (10 minutes at 300g and 5 minutes wash at 300g) and microfluidic sperm selection (one-step sperm selection;15-minute incubation for selection) were performed with Sydney IVF 80/40 gradients and gamete buffers, respectively. DFI was assessed by chromatin sperm dispersion assay (SCD). Results were analysed by Friedman's test and differences were considered significant when p-value < 0.05.

 For the unprocessed raw semen, the starting DFI values varied from 3.0 to 23.3% with an average of 11.38% ± 5.51 and motility varied between 25.3% and 86.7% with an average of 56.42% ± 18.57. The device consistently outperformed DGC in all 21 samples for DFI (0.94% ± 1.12 vs 4.87% ±3.69, P = 0.0012) and in 20 of the 21 samples for motility post-processing DGC (90.88% ± 6.8 vs 73.58% ± 14.97, P = 0.0061). The average concentrations of the raw, DGC, and microfluidic sperm samples were 94.5, 74.12, and 3.55 million sperm/mL, respectively. Thus, both DGC and the microfluidic device showed improvements in SDF, motility, and concentration over the raw sample. However, the microfluidic device significantly outperformed DGC in terms of percentage SDF and motility, indicating its potential for clinical implementation.

 This cohort study did not include samples from infertile patients. Furthermore, the effect of each sperm selection methods on reproductive outcomes was not a part of the study. A larger number of samples across a range of clinically infertile samples is required to fully characterise the microfluidic devices efficacy.

 The microfluidic device we report here has the potential to become a new tool to improve the efficacy and consistency of sperm selections. When compared to DGC it offers improved sperm motility and DNA integrity from a platform that is simple to use and less skill-based than conventional methods.

 not applicable


The completion of the Bromley North Village improvement work has been marked with the installation of the tallest tree ever planted in Bromley.


In a UV Curable ink, one of the most important and most expensive components of a formulation is the photoinitiator. The photoinitiator can determine how fast the reaction will take place, to what level is the material cured and the impact on other properties (i.e. cost, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, etc.). How is it possible to achieve the desired effects at the lowest cost? With computer and software advances, an optimized blend of photoinitiators can be obtained utilizing Design of Experiment.


Based on Quantitative Analysis of Grey Incidence Model,the paper finds that there is stronger incidence between region commerce development and highway traffic infrastructure level.Among highway mileage,highway passenger volume,highway freight volume and civil automobile quantity,civil automobile quantity is the most important factor,highway freight volume is the second one;among total retail sales of consumer goods,total retail sales of consumer goods by city,total retail sales of consumer goods by county,total retail sales of consumer goods by below county,total retail sales of consumer goods by wholesale retail industry,and total retail sales of consumer goods by hotel catering industry,the impression on total retail sales of consumer goods by below county by highway traffic infrastructure is the strongest,the impression on total retail sales of consumer goods by wholesale retail industry by highway traffic infrastructure is second.


In the literature, it has been shown that if a single-input single-output analytic nonlinear plant 1) has a well-defined relative degree and 2) is minimum-phase, it is possible to achieve asymptotic tracking for an open set of output trajectories containing the origin in C/sup N/ [0, /spl infin/), the space of N-times continuously differentiable functions taking values in R. When either of these sufficient conditions is not met, various authors have investigated approximate analytic solutions, discontinuous solutions and solutions for restricted sets of trajectories. In this paper, it is shown that conditions 1) and 2) are necessary for the existence of an analytic compensator which yields asymptotic tracking for an open set of output trajectories. Analogous results are established for multi-input multi-output systems. >


The recent crash of a driverless car sends a clear warning about how algorithms can be deadly (1). Similarly, there are clear dangers in vital national services, such as communications, financial trading, healthcare, and transportation. These services depend on sophisticated algorithms, some relying on unpredictable artificial intelligence techniques, such as deep learning, that are increasingly embedded in complex software systems (2⇓–4). As search algorithms, high-speed trading, medical devices, and autonomous aircraft become more widely implemented, stronger checks become necessary to prevent failures (5, 6).

Proper independent oversight and investigation of flawed algorithms can help anticipate and improve quality, hence avoiding failures that lead to disaster. Image courtesy of Shutterstock/joloei.

What might help are traditional forms of independent oversight that use knowledgeable people who have powerful tools to anticipate, monitor, and retrospectively review operations of vital national services. The three forms of independent oversight that have been used in the past by industry and governments—planning oversight, continuous monitoring by knowledgeable review boards using advanced software, and a retrospective analysis of disasters—provide guidance for responsible technology leaders and concerned policy makers (7). Considering all three forms of oversight could lead to policies that prevent inadequate designs, biased outcomes, or criminal actions.

There is a long history of analyses of how poor design, unintentional bias, and malicious interventions can cause algorithms to trigger huge financial losses, promote unfair decisions, violate laws, and even cause deaths (8). Helen Nissenbaum, a scholar who focuses on the impact of technology on culture and society, identified the sources of bugs and biases in software, complaining about the "systematic erosion …

[↵][1]1Email: ben{at}cs.umd.edu.

 [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1


Abstract In many experiments and observational studies, random assignment of subjects to treatment and control groups is not possible. These "quasi-experiments" can potentially lead to what is called selection bias, where the effect of the treatment is confounded with pre-existing differences in the treated and control sequence groups. Some quasi-experimental designs are immune to certain specific selection biases, and it has been widely suggested that this immunity is linked to the absence of an interaction between the selection mechanism and time (this interaction is commonly called selection by maturation interaction). This article shows that immunity to selection bias is not well characterized in terms of selection-by-time interaction, and in particular some good designs can be immune to certain types of selection bias even in the presence of such interaction. An example concerning fraudulent billing is discussed in detail.


Abstract In this paper the existence of translation transversal designs which is equivalent to the existence of certain partitions in finite groups is studied. All considerations are based on the fact that the particular component of such a partition (the component representing the point classes of the corresponding design) is a normal subgroup of the translation group. With regard to groups admitting an ( s , k , λ)-partition, on one hand the already known families of such groups are determined without using R. Baer′s, O. H. Kegel′s, and M. Suzuki′s classification of finite groups with partition and on the other hand some new results on the structure of p -groups admitting an ( s , k , λ)-partition are proved. Furthermore, the existence of a series of nonabelian p -groups of odd order which can be represented as translation groups of certain ( s , k , 1)-translation transversal designs is shown; moreover, the translation groups are normal subgroups of collineation groups acting regularly on the set of flags of the same designs.


The action of progesterone (P) on the estrogen stimulated uterine endometrium and isthmic oviduct of the ewe was studied. Changes in protein:DNA and RNA:DNA ratios, rate of in vitro protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase activity and the level of cytoplasmic recep- tors for estradiol (E2) and P were measured in the endometrium. Only receptor effects were mea- sured in the oviduct. Progesterone decreased the level of both receptors in each tissue but did not decrease protein:DNA and RNA:DNA ratios or protein synthesis; P had little effect on alkaline phosphatase activity and there was no detectable peroxidase activity. These findings argue against the concept, based on studies in the rat, that the initial anti- estrogenic effects of P are mediated by a specific effect on E2 receptor replenishment.


As publisher of The Satanic Verses, Peter Mayer was on the front line. He writes here for the first time about an unprecedented crisis


In order to improve the speed and robustness of detecting human faces in grayscale scene image, an approach that combines independent component analysis (ICA) with knowledge-based is proposed for face detection. A new detection rule is presented by analyzing face predigest models usually used in painting face. Moreover, in order to further reduce the time of face detection, the hierarchical detection processes and extended projection are used in the process of rough face detection. In addition, adaptive threshold selection is realized by maximizing between-class variance. Experimental results show that the new algorithm is feasible and efficient.


The globally distributed bright soils on Mars represent products of chemical alteration of primary igneous materials. As such, understanding the chemistry and mineralogy of these soils provides clues about the nature of the parent materials and the type, duration, and extent of the chemical weathering environments on Mars. Such clues are key in developing an understanding of the interior and surficial processes that have operated throughout Mars' history to yield the surface as it is currently observed. The generally homogeneous nature of these soils is illustrated by a variety of observational data. These data include (1) direct determination of elemental abundances by the X-ray fluorescence instruments on both Viking Landers, (2) Earth-based telescopic observations, and (3) space-based observations. Based on their spectral properties in the visible and near-infrared, terrestrial palagonitic soils have been suggested as analogs for the bright regions on Mars. Palagonites represent the weathering products of basaltic glass and as such are composed of a variety of minerals/materials. In order to gain an understanding regarding the chemical, mineralogical, and spectral properties of a broad suite of palagonites, several samples were collected from the eastern and central regions of the island of Hawaii.


Behr et al ([2005][1]) rightly draw attention to the advantages of those with various forms of mental disturbance, in some circumstances, being held to be accountable for their actions (see also [Smith & Donovan, 1990][2]; Prins, [2002][3], [2005][4]: chapter 2). However, their comments concerning


In this paper we consider the problem of the estimation of the y -regression function when the covariates take values in an infinite dimensional space. Our main aim is to establish, under a stationary ergodic process assumption, the asymptotic normality of this estimate.


Recent works have discussed the violation of factorization and universality in hadronic hard scattering processes aimed at measurements of T-odd distributions. We use simple arguments to show that it is possible to restore an approximate factorization involving T-odd contributions if the factorization breaking interactions present a frequency spectrum dominated by by a narrow and regular peak whose maximum value corresponds to a respected factorization.


Physical, chemical, and biological data associated with irrigation drainage were collected between September 1987 and December 1989 at several sites in and near Stillwater, Fernley, and Humboldt Wildlife Management Areas, and Carson Lake, Nevada. The data were collected in support of the U.S. Department of the Interior program of detailed studies of irrigation-drainage projects in the western United States. This report contains data on trace-element concentrations in samples of surface water, ground water, drift and detritus, bottom sediment, pore water, and biota (plants, invertebrates, fish, and waterfowl). Other data presented in the report include surface-water discharge; ground-water levels; lithology of wells; mineralogy of cores and bottom sediment; concentrations of major dissolved constituents, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, and radiochemical constituents in water; and particle-size determinations and concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and organic carbon in bottom sediment. INTRODUCTION Background A reconnaissance investigation by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) in 1986-87 (Hoffman and others, 1990) indicated that potentially toxic contaminants in irrigation drain water could pose a threat to human health, fish, and wildlife in and near Stillwater Wildlife Management Area (WMA), Nevada. The study results indicated that samples of water, bottom sediment, and biota in areas affected by irrigation drainage contained concentrations of arsenic, boron, mercury, and selenium that exceeded either background levels or Federal and State criteria for the protection of human health, fish, and wildlife. Furthermore, the authors indicated (p. 75) that other contaminants in the study area were of environmental concern namely, chromium, copper, zinc, un-ionized ammonia, sodium, and salinity. 1 U.S. Geological Survey. 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.


The improvement of lawful administration relies on not only the reform of administrative system,but also the fine social and political environment through the construction of constitutional system.The consolidation and integration of civil rights are elaborated from the point of the counterbalance between the social reserved right and governmental authority,in order to form the effective and socialized supervision of lawful administration,and promote its full implementation.


While the mobile station is permitted, yet normal when the base station identification code (BSIC) decoding is located in the multi-slot structure that can not be, transmitted at block period immediately preceding the idle frame (320) of the previous time a multislot packet data transfer method for a mobile station to change transmission of a radio block on slot (370) (300). The method (300) also by a known extended search window techniques, skipping the last transmission burst in the frame immediately preceding the idle frame (330). This method, when changing the radio block, whether (350) or unacknowledged radio link control mode is used, and robust whether coding scheme is used (360) to determine of including various criteria (340). Transmission may be changed (370).


In the hope of gaining some insight into the staining mechanism of the Feulgen nucleal reaction in situ, the staining reaction of three kinds of hydrolyzed nucleoprotein-containing films with Schiff's reagent was studied from both the physicochemical and the chemical points of view. The establishment of an approximate equilibrium state in staining was assumed, and the mode of the adsorption isotherm in this state was examined. The Feulgen nucleal reaction in the heterogeneous phase conforms to Langmuir's adsorption isotherm and thus exhibits a saturation value in staining. Based on this fact, the stoichiometry of the reaction was determined. The saturation value of the stoichiometry was proved to be four.


Energy-efficiency is a critical concern for many computing systems. With Moore's law showing its limits, new hardware design and programming techniques emerge to pursue energy scaling. Among these, approximate computing is certainly the most popular in current works. It has been shown that reducing precision using software techniques can show significant energy savings on commercially available processors. In this paper, an energy model based on Energy Per Instruction (EPI) has been built in order to understand which mechanisms enable those savings. EPIs of various instructions have been measured and data movement has been identified as being the major consumer. The energy model has been evaluated on a computationally intensive Newton method for solving nonlinear equations using double-precision and single-precision floating-point data types. For all the cases, the model predicts the consumption with less than 10 % error. The energy breakdown reveals that arithmetic operations consume less than 6 % of the total energy and that savings are mainly achieved by reducing the amount of data transferred between registers, cache and main memory. With these conclusions, implementing approximate arithmetic circuits in this type of architecture would have a very limited impact on the consumption. It is however shown that specialized hardware implemented on an FPGA interconnected with a processing system can lead to an additional 20 % energy savings on the Newton method using the same single-precision data type.


This paper presents an adaptive scheduling mode and algorithm based on tree grid.This mode can schedule fine-grained tasks and big jobs adaptively.Through the real-time detection of grid,an adaptive grid load-balancing algorithm(Optimization-based Priority-Completion Time Heuristic Algorithm for Task Allocation,OPCTHATA) for task allocation is proposed,which is based on load state,task execution time,task transmission time and task properties.The experiments show that the proposed algorithms for the scheduling problem have better performance than other algorithms on load-balancing and optimum makespan.


Barium Hexaferrite (BaM) is an extensively studied magnetic material due to its potential device application. In this paper, we study Schottkyjunctiondiodes fabricated using gold and BaM and demonstrate the function of a spintronic device.Gold (50 nm)/silicon substrate was used to grow the BaM thin films (100-150 nm) using pulsed laser deposition. I-V characteristics were measured on the Au/BaM structure sweeping the voltage from ±5 volts. The forward and reverse bias current-voltage curves show diode like rectifying characteristics. The threshold voltage decreases while the output current increases with increase in the applied external magnetic field showing that the I-V characteristics of the BaM based Schottkyjunctiondiodes can be tuned by external magnetic field. It is also demonstrated that, the fabricated Schottky diode can be used as a half-wave rectifier, which could operate at high frequencies in the range of 1 MHz compared to the regular p-n junctiondiodes, which rectify below 10 kHz. In addition, it is found that above 1 MHz, Au/BaM diode can work as a rectifier as well as a capacitor filter, making the average (dc) voltage much larger.


We introduce a scheme to achieve arbitrary convolution kernels in multiple dimensions via the frequency synthetic dimension. This scheme incorporates a simple setup consisting of a ring resonator incorporating a phase and an amplitude modulator.


Abstract Microbial communities drive the biogeochemical cycles in wetlands and provide a number of ecosystem services. They underpin soil function, and are easily impacted by anthropogenic pressure. This study examined the bacterial microbiome in the natural wetland of Zlato Pole and the protected, periodically flooded rice paddies in the Maritsa River Basin using a metagenomic approach, based on high-throughput sequencing. Alpha-diversity analysis showed a significant variation between the three study sites for Chao1 and ACE (abundance based coverage estimator) richness estimators. A positive correlation was established with pH, with highest values detected for the rice paddies and the lowest, for the Zlato Pole sediments. The obtained sequences were assigned into 37 known bacterial phyla with over 97% bacterial sequences classified within only nine of them. The bacterial communities in rice paddies sediments were more evenly distributed, whereas the Zlato Pole sediment was the most biased. The consortiums in the rice paddies were dominated by Proteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. The bacterial assemblages in those sites could not be distinguished by analysis of similarity. The Zlato Pole sediment community held an isolated position, where Acidobacteria was replaced by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the microbiome showed an extremely high abundance of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli. The dominance of Gammaproteobacteria and the presence of Deinococcus-Thermus phylum, along lower nutrient concentration and the absence of correlation with the environmental parameters, is evidence of constant anthropogenic pressure around the area. The obtained results could be applied in the plans for sustainable management of the protected wetlands.


The filter model of transfer alignment using "velocity+attitude"matching method was established.Detailed investigation of different maneuver manners effect on the performance of SINS transfer alignment and in-depth analysis of the simulation outcomes were carried out.The results of the research offers academic foundation for engineering application of fast and accurate initial alignment on moving base.


This paper provides a quantitative assessment of the potential impacts of a Free Trade Agreement between Japan and New Zealand. Simulations were undertaken using the Global Trade Analysis Project model to estimate the effects of trade policy changes. Preliminary results indicate that under a scenario of full trade liberalization, a Japan-New Zealand FTA would tend to have a greater economic impact on New Zealand than on Japan. A notable feature of results at the commodity level under full trade liberalization is that New Zealand exports of dairy products to Japan drastically increased, while other regions exports of dairy products to Japan drastically decreased.


The problem of order-carton matching in a chip distribution center was studied considering the characteristics of the semiconductor industry.The problem was to choose the right cartons to meet the demand quantity of orders,minimizing the manual operation of unboxing and box overtuning.A mathematical model was proposed and a heuristic algorithm was developed based on the Ant Colony Algorithm(ACO).At last real case study and the comparison with existing algorithm were conducted to validate the algorithm.


The project "Evolution of Human Languages" was launched in 2002 by Murray Gell-Mann and Sergei Starostin. One of its main aims is to build a network of etymological databases for all language families of the world, in which, for each known family, we plan to have: — a system of phonological correspondences connecting many, if not all, languages within this family; — an extensive etymological corpus supporting these correspondences; — a lexicostatistical classification based on reliable etymologies.


The immunohistochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase, calbindin D-28K, calretinin, parvalbumin and olfactory marker protein in olfactory bulb of adult Sprague Dawley rat was studied. Tyrosine hydroxylase are mainly found in glomerular layer,few in external plexiform layer. Calbindin D-28K is mainly found in glomerular layer, few in external plexiform layer and internal plexiform layer. Calretinin is found in glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer and granule cell layer except olfactory nerve layer. Parvalbumin is mostly found in external plexiform layer, some in mitral cell layer, few in glomerular layer. Olfactory marker protein is found only in olfactory nerve layer and glomerular layer. Results are similar to the pioneering research in this field, but some difference exists.


Permanent Magnetic Actuator (PMA) has a characteristic matching with a vacuum circuit breaker mechanism like to fast operating time, simple structure, and easy control system. Structure of PMA is shown in fig.1. Laminated core in PMA will be magnetized by permanent magnetic. Magnetized laminated core has been suppressed the movement of plunger. However plunger will move towards the coil when the coils have been magnetized. The objective of this study is structural design of PMA for solid insulation vacuum circuit breaker. In order to complement the disadvantages of the conventional circular booster was design a new shape booster. Also, the holding force of new booster PMA was measured. Moreover, reduced the PMA's holding force in one side direction by inserting the stainless steel plate into PMA when assembling. Also PMA holding force were analyzed according to variable thickness of stainless steel plate.


In this paper, contemporary conceptualizations and institutionalization of childhood are considered, in the context of preschool. From the perspectives of social and temporal conceptualization, childhood is a social and historical construct, and children, like adults, are valuable beings and becomings. Preschool context is considered from adults' and children's position in relation to restriction and regulation, i.e. guidance with the possibility of choice and negotiation. Insight into adult practices and children's experiences in everyday interactions with adults is regarded as promising for comprehension of childhood and attributes of the institutional context of children's life.


An equilibrium solution is presented for the semiconductor surface in terms of the potential, electric field, charge density, and change in mobile‐carrier concentrations throughout the semiconductor as a function of the surface potential and bulk doping. These results are an extension of the work initiated by R. H. Kingston and S. F. Neustadter [J. Appl. Phys. 26, 718 (1955)]; and extended by C. E. Young [J. Appl. Phys. 32, 329 (1961)]. The present results cover a wider range of all the parameters involved in the problem; also, through quantities chosen for normalization and through choice of origin, the present results remove a considerable redundancy existing in the previous data. Finally, the identity of the equilibrium surface problem and the equilibrium step‐junction problem is demonstrated and explained.


The Raf/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signal transduction cascade is an important mediator of a number of cellular fates including growth, proliferation and survival. The BRAF gene is activated by oncogenic Ras, leading to cooperative effects in cells responding to growth factor signals. Our study was performed to elucidate a possible function of BRAF in ulcerative colitis (UC)‐related colorectal carcinogenesis. Mutations of BRAF and KRAS were determined in 33 UC‐related colorectal cancers by direct DNA sequencing analyses after microdissection. Mismatch‐repair deficiency was assessed by immunohistochemistry for major mismatch‐repair proteins hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 and microsatellite analyses of the BAT25 and BAT26 loci. Hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter was also tested. The results obtained were correlated with histopathologic variables. Activating BRAF missense mutations were identified in 3/33 UC‐related cancers (9%), 2 of which exhibited a loss of hMLH1‐protein expression and hypermethylation of the hMLH1 promoter. Corresponding nondysplastic UC‐mucosa of these patients did not show BRAF mutations. KRAS mutations were found in 6/33 (18%) UC cancers. All 6 UC cancers with KRAS mutations had an intact BRAF gene as the 3 cancers with BRAF mutations had an intact KRAS gene. There was no significant correlation between BRAF or KRAS status and clinicopathologic variables. Our data indicate that BRAF mutations are not an initiating event in UC‐related carcinogenesis and are associated with mismatch‐repair deficiency through hMLH1‐promoter hypermethylation. Disruption of the Raf/MEK/ERK (MAPK) kinase pathway—either through RAS or BRAF mutation—was detected in 27% of all UC‐related cancers and thus plays an important role in UC‐related carcinogenesis. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Sleep disturbances are common in people living with dementia, with a prevalence of 40%. These disturbances may be the reason people with dementia move into a nursing or residential care home. However, there is little research into the persistence and long‐term impacts of sleep disturbances in this population, and this has practical implications on if and how these disturbances should be treated, and we aimed to investigate this.


In the present article, the transient rheological boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet
with heat transfer is investigated, a topic of relevance to non-Newtonian thermal materials
processing. Stokes couple stress model is deployed to simulate non-Newtonian characteristics. Similarity transformations are utilized to convert the governing partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with appropriate wall and free stream boundary conditions. The non-dimensional boundary value problem emerging is shown to be controlled by a number of key thermophysical and rheological parameters, namely the rheological couple stress parameter, unsteadiness parameter, Prandtl number (Pr), buoyancy parameter. The semi-analytical Differential Transform Method (DTM) is used to solve the reduced nonlinear coupled ordinary differential boundary value problem. A numerical solution is also obtained via the MATLAB built in solver 'bvp4c' to validate the results. Further validation with published results from the literature is included. Fluid velocity is enhanced with increasing couple stress parameter whereas it is decreased
with unsteadiness parameter. Temperature is elevated with couple stress parameter whereas it is initially reduced with unsteadiness parameter. The flow is accelerated with increasing positive buoyancy parameter (for heating of the fluid) whereas it is decelerated with increasing negative buoyancy parameter (cooling of the fluid). Temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness are boosted with increasing positive values of buoyancy parameter. Increasing Prandtl number decelerates the flow, reduces temperatures, increases momentum boundary layer thickness and decreases thermal boundary layer thickness. Excellent accuracy is achieved with the DTM approach.


RUPTURE of an arteriosclerotic abdominal aneurysm into the inferior vena cava is unusual. The production of an aortocaval fistula by this means has rarely been emphasized and less frequently corrected. There are individual reports1 2 3 4 5 6 but on only 6 such patients in whom successful surgical treatment has been carried out. This paper is prompted by the diagnostic, as well as the technical implications raised in the successful management of 2 additional patients. Case Reports Case 1. L.L. (M.G.H. 860748), a 52-year-old man, was admitted to the private service of the Massachusetts General Hospital on July 7, 1961, because of shortness of . . .


The root diazotroph bacteria population associated to the irrigated rice crop has been studied. However, there are little studies in the population of these bacteria in plant leaves and stems. The objective of this work was to study the bacteria population in leaves and stems of flooded rice plants, in two varieties: a modern (IRGA419), and a traditional (EEA-406), with and without mineral nitrogen. Rice plants were cultivated in greenhouse pots. After 88 days of seeding, leaves and stems were collected to determine the total bacteria population in M-R2A medium and the diazotroph bacteria population in NFb medium. Leaves and stems showed significant population with highest number in the stems. The diazotroph bacteria population did not change in number between varieties, as well among nitrogen levels. In IRGA-419 the diazotroph bacteria population in leaves was reduced by nitrogen fertilization. This variety showed lower diazotroph bacteria population levels than the EEA-406 traditional variety.


Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease and ALS are among major neurodegenerative diseases. The cause of neurodegeneration is unknown, but there are indications that excessive accumulation of essential elements, and sometimes, incorporation of toxic foreign elements in neurons aggravate neurodegeneration. During the past decade, many researchers investigated the causative factors in degenerative diseases to specify genetic or environmental factor. PIXE analysis has been used for these studies because of the sample preparation is easy and detection limit is very low. However, the concentration of matrix elements and foreign elements are extremely low and difficult to detect and to quantify. In this study, specimens from patients with Alzheimer's disease with no chemical treatment, and those with chelating were analyzed. In all analyzed specimens, Na, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe and Cu were detected. Each specimen in this study consisted of cerebral cortex and substantia alba. From these experiments we can observe a clear tendency that the accumulation of the metal elements are different depending on the constituent tissues, and the method of sample preparation has a dominant role in the measurement results.


This work presents the results of the studies concerning the application of the feedforward neural networks to the prediction of propagation path loss in indoor environment. The proposed models consist of a multilayer perceptron and a generalized regression neural network trained with measurements. The results of the prediction made by the proposed neural models show a good agreement with the measurements


Context—Gender differences in mental disorders, including more anxiety-mood disorders among women and more externalizing disorders among men, are found consistently in epidemiological surveys. The "gender roles" hypothesis suggests that these differences should narrow as the roles of women and men become more equal. Objective—To study time-space (i.e., cohort-country) variation in gender differences in lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders across cohorts in 15 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative and determine if this variation is significantly related to time-space variation in female gender role traditionality (GRT) as measured by aggregate patterns of female education, employment, marital timing, and use of birth control. Design/Setting and Participants—Face-to face household surveys of 72,933 communitydwelling adults in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific. Main Outcomes—The WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) assessed lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset of 18 DSM-IV anxiety, mood, externalizing, and substance disorders. Survival analyses estimated time-space variation in Female:Male (F:M) odds-ratios (ORs) of these disorders across cohorts defined by age ranges 18–34, 35–49, 50–64, and 65+. Structural equation analysis examined predictive effects of variation in GRT on these ORs. Results—Women had more anxiety-mood disorders than men and men more externalizingsubstance disorders than women in all cohorts and countries. Although gender differences were generally consistent across cohorts, significant narrowing was found in recent cohorts for major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance disorders. This narrowing was significantly related to temporal (MDD) and spatial (substance disorders) variation in GRT. Conclusion—While gender differences in most lifetime mental disorders were fairly stable over the time-space units studied, substantial inter-cohort narrowing of differences in major depression was found related to changes in the traditionality of female gender roles. Further research is needed to understand why this temporal narrowing was confined to major depression. Epidemiological surveys have consistently documented significantly higher rates of anxiety and mood disorders among women than men1, 2 and significantly higher rates of externalizing and substance use disorders among men than women.3–5 Although a number of biological, psychosocial, and biopsychosocial hypotheses have been proposed to account for these patterns,6–8 evidence that gender differences in depression9, 10 and substance use11–13 have narrowed in a number of countries has led to a special interest in the "gender roles" hypothesis. The latter asserts that gender differences in the prevalence of mental disorders are due to differences in the typical stressors, coping resources, and opportunity structures for expressing psychological distress made available differentially to women and men in different countries at different points in history.14, 15 Consistent with this hypothesis, evidence of decreasing gender differences in depression and substance use has been found largely in countries where the roles of women have improved in terms of opportunities for employment, access to birth control, and other indicators of increasing gender role equality, while trend studies in countries where gender roles have been more static11, 16 or over periods of historical time when gender role changes have been small17 have failed to document a reduction in gender differences in depression or substance use. Most research aimed at investigating the gender roles hypothesis has focused on individuallevel variation in roles in a single country at a single point in time.18–20 This approach is limited in three ways. First, selection bias into roles due to pre-existing mental illness (e.g., women with agoraphobia having a higher probability than other women of becoming homemakers rather than seeking employment outside the home) confounds attempts to evaluate the causal effects of gender roles. Second, gender differences are largely confined to differences Seedat et al. Page 2 Arch Gen Psychiatry. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 22. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript in lifetime risk, with much less evidence for gender differences in recent prevalence among lifetime cases.21 This means that investigation of the determinants of gender difference should focus on lifetime first onset rather than on the recent prevalence that has been the focus of most studies. Third, as the gender roles hypothesis is a hypothesis about the effects of social context, a rigorous test of the hypothesis requires an analysis of societal-level time-space variation rather than analysis of the individual-level variation that has been the focus of most studies. A small number of cross-national comparative studies have examined spatial variation in gender differences in depression22 and alcohol abuse13 at a point in time or, more rarely, at two points in time.11 Although these studies raised the possibility that gender roles might be associated with variation in the magnitude of gender differences in these outcomes, they were unable to test this hypothesis due to the small number of cross-sectional country-level observations included in the analyses. The current report provides a more direct test of the gender roles hypothesis by analyzing community epidemiological data collected from respondents surveyed in 15 countries as part of the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative.21 Previous cross-national comparisons of gender differences in mental illness focused on cross-sectional differences. We, in comparison, use retrospective reports obtained in the WMH surveys about lifetime occurrence and age-of-onset of mental disorders in different birth cohorts to study time-space variation in lifetime risk. Specifically, we examine both variation across cohorts within a single country (i.e., temporal variation) and variation across countries within a single cohort (i.e., special variation) in lifetime risk of mental disorders as a function of time-space variation in the traditionality of gender roles. Lifetime risk is the focus rather than recent prevalence even though accuracy of reporting is doubtlessly better for recent episodes than lifetime occurrence in order to address the fact that gender differences in lifetime risk are much more robust than gender differences in current prevalence among lifetime cases METHODS Sample WMH surveys were carried out in samples of adults (ages 18+) in five countries classified by the World Bank23 as developing (Colombia, Lebanon, Mexico, South Africa, Ukraine) and ten classified as developed (Belgium, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, and United States of America). The total sample size was 72,933. Individual country samples ranged from 2,372 (Netherlands) to 12,790 (New Zealand). (Table 1) The weighted average response rate was 71.2%. Country-specific response rates ranged from 45.9% (France) to 87.7% (Colombia). All surveys were based on probability household samples either regionally representative (Colombia, Japan, and Mexico) or nationally representative (other countries). Survey sample characteristics are described in more detail elsewhere.24 All interviews were conducted face-to-face by trained lay interviewers. Each interview had two parts. All respondents completed Part I, which contained assessments of core mental disorders, while all Part I respondents who met criteria for any core disorder plus a probability sub-sample of approximately 25% of other Part I respondents were administered Part II. Part II assessed correlates, service use, and disorders of secondary interest. The Part II data, used in the current report, were weighted to adjust for over-sampling Part I respondents with mental disorders, for differential probabilities of selection within households (due to only one household member, and in some cases two, being surveyed in each household no matter the number of adults residing in the household), and to match sample distributions to population socio-demographic distributions. Standardized interviewer training procedures, translation and back-translation procedures, and quality control procedures were applied across all WMH countries to ensure comparability. Informed consent was obtained in all countries. These procedures are described in more detail elsewhere.24, 25 Seedat et al. Page 3 Arch Gen Psychiatry. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 22. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript DSM-IV disorders Mental disorders were assessed with Version 3.0 of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI),26 a fully-structured diagnostic interview. Translation, backtranslation, and harmonization of the interview in local languages with the original English language version of CIDI 3.0 were carried out in each WMH country using WHO guidelines. 27 Disorders were assessed using the definitions of the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV).28 Disorders assessed included mood disorders (major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders (panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, agoraphobia without panic disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, separation anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder), externalizing disorders (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, oppositional-defiant disorder), and substance disorders (alcohol and illicit drug abuse with or without dependence). DSM-IV organic exclusion rules were used to make diagnoses. Methodological evidence collected in clinical reappraisal studies show that diagnos


Abstract The issue of employee turnover in apparel industry organizations is an essential element in influencing their overall business success. The constant shift of workers leads to oscillations in the quality of work output. This paper initially examines the effect of the level of employee satisfaction with business processes functioning on the occurrence of internal or external turnover intentions. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods are applied with the purpose of the determination of the potential of corporate social responsibility (CSR) dimensions integration into the business processes of apparel industry organizations to reduce external turnover rates. Through the conducted research, conclusions about the potential success of the proposed measure of the integration of CSR dimensions in apparel industry organizations of different sizes are drawn, as well as practical implications for engineering managers within apparel industry.


This paper presents next-generation mapping of plant ecological communities including land cover and agricultural types at 10 m spatial resolution countrywide. This research introduces modelling and mapping of land cover and ecological communities separately in small regions-of-interest (prefecture level), and later integrating the outputs into a large scale (country level) for dealing with regional distribution characteristics of plant ecological communities effectively. The Sentinel-2 satellite images were processed for cloud masking and half-monthly median composite images consisting of ten multi-spectral bands and seven spectral indexes were generated. The reliable ground truth data were prepared from extant multi-source survey databases through the procedure of stratified sampling, cross-checking, and noisy-labels pruning. Deep convolutional learning of the time-series of the satellite data was employed for prefecture-wise classification and mapping of 29–62 classes. The classification accuracy computed with the 10-fold cross-validation method varied from 71.1–87.5% in terms of F1-score and 70.9–87.4% in terms of Kappa coefficient across 48 prefectural regions. This research produced seamless maps of 101 ecological communities including land cover and agricultural types for the first time at a country scale with an average accuracy of 80.5% F1-score.


The development of information technology and grow faster. Similarly, the growth of rapidly increasing lm in- dustry as a service casting Seven management realized the need for high quality movie player in terms of artistic and commercial. Scienti c Writing describes the creation of dy- namic web sites Seven Management, using PHP, MySQL, and Macromedia Dreamweaver MX. Making a web site is intended facilitate the public in nding information on the Seven Management quickly and easily. On this website there is interaction between visitors and the web itself. In- teractions are included on the Artist Name. In addition visitors to this page to get information about artist pro les artist in detail, visitors can provide comments. Comments are lled by visitors are selected in advance by the admin before appearing on the website. Admin here act to activate if the comments visitors eligible to show or did not. Apart Artist Name page, there are pages that contain info about the information information relating to the Seven Manage- ment. Constraints faced by the authors one of them is mak- ing a column by using layers, since often dierent from what is in design view to that seen in the browser. Ease of nding information via the Internet can be possible because of the dynamic web programming. Bibliography (2001 - 2009)