The problem of abolishing serfdom preoccupied Russian social thinkers long before the Emancipation in 1861. In spite of more than a century of scholarship devoted to analyzing the peasant question, however, historians have reached no consensus on such fundamental issues as the origins and political implications of abolitionist thought. Did advocacy of peasant emancipation by members of the landed nobility spring from liberal altruism or from a selfish desire to defend seigneurial interests against revolutionary peasants and the peasants' spokesmen, the so-called "revolutionary democrats"? Can Slavophilism and westernism be classified simply as varieties of liberalism, which, whatever their minor differences, agreed on the necessity of avoiding peasant revolution and regarded Russian radicals as pernicious enemies? Before emancipation were Russian liberals sharply differentiated ideologically from more radical intellectuals, such as Aleksandr I. Herzen and Nikolai G. Chernyshevskii—a differentiation traceable to attitudes toward the peasant emancipation? Or did the definitive split between liberalism and radicalism come after the Emancipation? Scholars bring to these questions such disparate conceptions of Russian politics and of the nature of historical proof that achieving consensus may be impossible. Nevertheless, the Soviet historian Vera F. Zakharina has argued convincingly that certain facets of the larger questions can be illuminated by investigating the ideological assumptions in the letters and programmatic works of major social thinkers and especially by observing how these assumptions changed over time.


An experimental apparatus consisting of adiabatic packed absorption and regeneration columns was established to simulate the H2S removal process. With this apparatus, nine nonaqueous methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solutions were evaluated under fixed operating conditions such as circulating solution flow rate and heating power of regeneration. The results indicated that the selectivity of H2S removal increased by 3.31 and 2.74 times with N-methylpyrrolidone and ethylene glycol as the nonaqueous solvents, respectively, but that the efficiency of desulfurization was somewhat lower compared with aqueous MDEA solutions. However, it is necessary to keep a limited amount of water in nonaqueous solutions that can cause stripping steam in the reboiler to prevent the solutions from overheating. For ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol as examples, the effect of the water content on the selectivity, efficiency of desulfurization, and stripping temperature were studied, and the results indicated that the efficiency of...


DNA encodes genetic instructions relevant to the development and functioning of living organisms and viruses. One of the primary regulators of gene transcription is DNA methylation. DNA methylation occurs at specific sites in DNA, referred to as genetic hot spots or CpG islands. However, aberrant DNA methylation patterns such as hyper-methylation and hypomethylation have been recognized in variety of human malignancies. As a result, the process has become one of the most thoroughly investigated epigenetic modifications in mammals. Experimental evidence shows cancer-specific differential DNA-methylated regions correspond to the loss of sharply defined methylation boundaries at CpG islands. Developing effective cancer therapeutic requires a proper understanding of gene silencing and gene expression associated with methylation and demethylation. However, the relevance of methylation or demethylation to cancer is far from being well explained. As an approach, dispersion-corrected density-functional calculations were used to study the Interactions between nucleic acids and graphene. The constructed double-strand DNA sequences with different percentages of methylation show that the increasing methyl concentration decreases the binding energy and increases the average distance between the strands. Consequently, normal regulation of gene can be disrupted. Energy gap between filled and empty orbital in the methylated double strand DNA increases with increasing concentration of methyl group in the DNA. Results indicate that abnormal DNA methylation is affecting the electronic structure of the DNA and hence effecting the proper bio functioning of vertebrates.


Objective To compare the analgesic effect of extracts of Fructus Evodiae, and to determine the active ingredient contents of Fructus Evodiae. Methods Analgesic effects of Fructus Evodiae extracts on acetic acid writhing method and pain mice model induced by formalin was observed. HPLC was adopted for the determination of active ingredient contents of Fructus Evodiae. The separation was performed on the Phenomenex C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,4μm) column with methanol- water as mobile phase in gradient dilution. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL·min-1,and the ultraviolet detector was operated at 230 nm. Results All of the three different extracts of Fructus Evodiae can inhibit mice writhing reaction and shorten the foot licking time of mice in the second phase in formalin- induced pain mice model,and the effect of ethanol extract was more obvious than the others. The linear ranges of evodin,evodiamine and rutaecarpine were 80 ~ 500 μg·mL-1(r=0.9996),0 ~ 80 μg·mL-1(r=0.9998)and 0 ~ 80 μg·mL-1(r=0.9997),respectively. The extract rates of evodin, evodiamine and rutaecarpine were 0.747 %, 0.009 % and 0.004 %,respectivelyin the water extract ofFructus Evodiae,were 1.217 %,0.200 % and 0.129 % in the methanol extract,and became 1.220 %,0.201 % and 0.154 % in the ethanol extract. Conclusion The analgesic effect of ethanol extract of Fructus Evodiae is superior to that of methanol extract and water extract,and ethanol extract has higher content of active ingredients.


Professor Verhagen's point of departure, in his article published in 2005 in the New England Journal of Medicine on the Groningen Protocol, is the following statistic: of the 200,000 babies born each year in the Netherlands, approximately 1,000 die before reaching their first birthday. Of these deaths, about 600 are the result of a so-called medical decision. In the great majority of cases, these decisions focus on the possibility (or not) of starting or continuing extensive treatment. It is widely accepted that it is better not to start or continue a treatment that is difficult for patients and which offers no real prospect of improvement in their condition. In these circumstances, it is not appropriate to delay unnecessarily the natural process leading to death. So most of these decisions arise from what the medical community labels "withholding futile medical care".


Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells and methods of forming the same are provided. An OPV cell can include an organic photoactive layer comprising bis-(8-quinolinolato-N,O) platinum (II) (PtQ2) having a general structure disclosed herein as Structure I. A method of forming an OPV cell can include forming an organic photoactive layer on a substrate, which can include a transparent electrode. The organic photoactive layer can comprises PtQ2 having the general structure of Structure I.


Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) gave rave reviews to the overall commitment by the more than 100 governments present to the well-being development and protection of children. NGOs participated widely engaged in extensive networking and pointed with satisfaction to the unprecedented active participation of so many children and adolescents. "But it seems like two sessions going on" said NGO representative Mani Gupta from India. "One is the public arena of plenaries workshops and open debate and discussion" she said. "And then there are the closed-door negotiating sessions where a handful of governments decide the future of children with more attention to political deals and ideologies than to the interests of children." (excerpt)


Background: India slipped 28 places to rank 140th among 156 countries in the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report 2021. Regressive gender norms, specially at the adolescent age, result in gender inequality and inequity. Changing attitudes towards gender issues has the potential to reduce gender inequality and inequity. More than 80 million underserved adolescent children in India have access to the internet and there is potential for a scalable technology solution to reduce gender inequality and inequity. Objective: To measure the effectiveness of WeUnlearn's new technology solution - Wulu - to change attitudes regarding gender issues in underserved adolescents in urban poor areas of Delhi. Solution : Wulu's chatbot architecture is AI driven and uses data analytics to deliver content based on priority issues for the adolescent. Extensive field visits were conducted to understand priority issues. Multiple pilots were designed and tested in the past 2 years. For this research project, content was delivered through automated messages via WhatsApp. The content consists of short videos everyday followed by a few questions to gain understanding of the content. Method: A 2-week Randomized Control Trial (RCT) to test 2 modules of Wulu (gender stereotypes and bullying) was deployed. 1200 participants (700 treatment, 500 control) between 14-18 years of age in urban poor areas of Delhi were included as part of the study. Evaluation questionnaires inspired from GEMS study were deployed via Wulu itself. Results: In a 14-day period, there was a 12.58% change in total scores in the treatment group. Overall, the change in attitude for girls was 14.79% and for boys was 9.42%, hence girls showed higher change than boys. The difference-in-difference between treatment and control were statistically significant in attitudes involving gender stereotypes on education, sports, profession, roles at home. There was also a positive shift in understanding and dealing with bullying and body shaming. Conclusion: The intervention has potential as it was successful in changing attitudes for some priority issues affecting underserved adolescents.


This study examines the association of maternal eligibility for Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) immigration program with participation of citizen children in the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) health care and supplemental nutrition program.


Numerical analysis of dynamic and thermodynamic state of plenum-type air-cushion vehicle to determine heave response and control system operating characteristics


Treatment of the mean and variance responses via a constrained optimization was discussed in Vining and Myers [5] . In many experimental situations, a number of responses are measured for a given setting of design variables. Khuri and Conlon [9] introduced a procedure for the simultaneous optimization of multiple responses using a distance function. The combined-array approach allows one to provide separate estimates for the mean response and for the variance response. Accordingly, we can apply the primary goal of the Taguchi method which is to minimize the variance while constraining the mean. In this paper, we propose how to simultaneously optimize multiple responses for robust design when data are collected from a combined array. An example is illustrated to show the proposed method. Abstract The Taguchi parameter design in industry is an approach to reducing performance variation of quality characteristic in products and processes. In the Taguchi parameter design, the product array approach using orthogonal arrays is mainly used. It often requires an excessive number of experiments. An alternative approach, which is called the combined array approach, was studied. In these studies, only single response was considered. In this paper we propose how to simultaneously optimize multiresponse for the robust design using the combined array approach.


NASA Space Science Days (NSSD) was established in 2004 to bring the story of the Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) to a community far removed from areas NASA traditionally serves. The original NSSD invited 400 5th and 8th graders from the Texas Rio Grande Valley area to the University of Texas Brownsville campus to participate in a one day Saturday event filled with information about MER with related hands on activities. Currently the program has grown to over 700 5th and 8th grade participants who are mentored by trained university students from several Texas universities and community colleges and growing to include universities from throughout the U.S. A collaboration between three major institutions: The NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate (ARES), the Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers/Advancing Hispanic Excellence in Technology Engineering, Math, and Science, (SHPE/AHETEMS), and the University of Texas at Brownsville (UTB) has been established to enable the dissemination of Solar System related educational materials throughout the U.S. Already in its 8th year, UTB has developed and tested a NSSD model that has successfully disseminated space science materials to students throughout South Texas Rio Grande Valley. With this newly formed collaboration this model s expansion will allow trained SHPE students and professionals to conduct events throughout its established nation-wide delivery systems. Each year a new NSSD site will be established through an application process solicited from SHPE student and professional chapters. Once a chapter is awarded, upper-level high school and university students will travel to NASA- JSC for a two day workshop where students learn about the current year s theme and are trained to present hands-on activities related to the theme. Additional training by ARES and UTB occurs one month before the new event in their own communities. Both local middle school teachers and mentors are trained locally. This allows the teachers time to prepare their students with the background material for NSSD and give the mentors time to decide which activity they feel comfortable with to lead. Several events using this process have already been successful and an increase in interest from SHPE chapters wanting to establish their NSSD event is growing.


This paper selects industry-wide listed companies on CSI A-share during the period from 2008 to 2013 as the study sample,and uses Cox model to analyze their financial data and corporate governance data in 2013 for 2438 listed companies. The results show that the corporate financial distress recovery is significantly affected by the profitability indicators from financial data factors and by the board of directors and the owners from corporate governance factors. The corporate governance factors greatly increase the accuracy and the overall effect of the financial distress prediction model. In particular,the board of directors and the owners improve the significance of Cox model and the fit of equation. Restricted by China's national conditions,the shareholding ratio of executives does not have a significant impact on the corporate financial distress recovery.


Distributed fiber optic sensing offers the ability to measure temperatures and strains at thousands of points along a single fiber. This is particularly interesting for the monitoring of large structures such as dams, dikes, levees, tunnels, pipelines and landslides, where it allows the detection and localization of movements and seepage zones with sensitivity and localization accuracy unattainable using conventional measurement techniques. Sensing systems based on Brillouin and Raman scattering are used to detect and localize seepage in dams and dikes, allowing the monitoring of hundreds of kilometers along a structure with a single instrument and the localization of the water path with an accuracy of 1 meter. Distributed strain sensors are also used to detect landslide movements and to detect the onset of cracks in concrete dams. The contribution will concentrate on long-term field applications of this technology for the monitoring of an I-wall levee in New Orleans (USA), a sinkhole area in Kansas (USA) and an underground penstock in Switzerland. The paper will review the sensor design and installation technique used in each application and provides feedback on the use of such systems over several years of operation.


Numerous earlier studies have investigated the mechanism of spatter production, and the waveform parameters affecting spatter production, because more procedures are necessary to remove spatter. These studies explain the spatter mechanism qualitatively, but do not clarify it quantitatively. Also, they do not illustrate how waveform parameters influence spatter production. In this study, the integral of specific current action is introduced to quantitatively explain the mechanism of spatter production. Based on the pi revious studies, this study proposes a model that suggests there is a constant value of the integral of a specific current action to determine the moment of spatter production. By comparing the spatter calculations with the welding experiments, this model was validated. Simulations were carried out to investigate the influence of the waveform parameters on spatter production. This quantitatively explains the role of the waveform parameters, such as peak current and arc time, in spatter production.


ducted into the formation of his own consciousness through the recollection of childhood experiences down to the age of ten. Its full fruition is displayed in the other major essays from the original German edition of the book, "Eternal Being in Time" and the revolutionary analysis "What Is Political Reality?" and in "Reason: The Classic Experience," here reprinted from the spring 1974 number of the Southern Review. The cumulative result, which can only be hinted in a brief review, is nothing short of startling. For what emerges is no less than a new ontology and a new epistemology to ground the claim to a new science of politics in continuity with Aristotle's science of human affairs. Not merely an alternative to Husserl's theory of consciousness has been provided by Voegelin, but a coherent alternative to the whole of positivist social science—the still-dominant mode of thinking about man's political existence. Voegelin's differentiation of the noetic science of man as the exploration of the In-Between reality tensionally experienced in the several modes of participation, as here elaborated, constitutes another Copernican revolution, this one in the sphere of the science of human existence. Any translator of Voegelin's work must face formidable problems of accurately rendering concise and technical language, even if the translation is only from the English works to the parlance of American undergraduate students. Professor Niemeyer as editor and translator is to be congratulated for his judgment and craftsmanship and for a generally reliable if not always elegant rendering of the masterful German of the original. The achievement is a commendable one, even if in detail it is not flawless either because of the translator's slip or the publisher's carelessness. It is, for instance, unsettling to have such misprints as "unwordly world" (p. 79) and "wordly time" (p. 133) for unweltlichen Welt and Weltzeit, and more distressing to find "present" for Zukunft (p. 20), "corollary" for Gegenstuck (p. 143), "scientist claims" for szientistischen Anspriiche (p. 146), and "compact-oblique" for kompakt-undurchsichtig (p. 169). But such lapses are infrequent and virtually inevitable. Less inevitable, however, is the rudimentary index which lists only persons mentioned in the text, particularly by comparison with the German edition and its invaluable inventory of concepts set in an analytical format.


Timeous prevention of, and recovery from, downtimes due to in-service failure of crucial power plant components, like turbine blades, portends huge consequences in the form of operational and financial viability concerns. Intensive research and development in manufacturing, re-manufacturing and condition-based maintenance of these components have birthed a novel technique, which deploys high intensity lasers to induce compressive residual stresses to the surface of the blades. This paper presents the application of an alternate computational modelling technique in simulating this surface treatment technique on X12Cr steel, an exotic steam turbine blades material, while also investigating the economic parameters of the induced residual stresses. A numerical model is developed in this work using the commercial finite elements software ABAQUS©. The results show this computational modelling technique as being time efficient. The parametric outcomes of the simulation agreed with experimental results, lending credence to its validity. Induced compressive stresses as high as 700 MPa and depths close to 1 mm from the surface of the blade were obtained. This by indication can prospectively quell crack initiation, growth and unplanned failure of the blade while in service, with the introduced simulation technique offering a solution for timely, non-destructive mechanical integrity enhancement of engineered components.


BACKGROUND: Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. fruit (Ouli) is rich in polyphenols and has a potential anti-tumor effect. However, its anti-tumor functional compositions and mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the antitumor activity and chemical composition of polyphenols from Ouli, and to identify the critical antitumor substances and potential mechanisms METHODS: Polyphenols of 14 germplasms were extracted and purified; the inhibitory effects of Ouli polyphenols on the proliferation of liver cancer HepG2 cells, colon cancer HCT116 cells, and gastric cancer BGC823 cells were evaluated by MTT assay; polyphenol compounds were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; partial least squares were utilized to build chemometrics models for selecting anti-tumor compounds; the key targets and pathways of antitumor effects of Ouli were predicted by network pharmacology. RESULTS: The total polyphenol content ranged from 275.9 to 598.2 mg/100 g fresh weight, with an average of 381.2 mg/100 g FW; Ouli polyphenols has potent inhibitory effects on liver, colon, and gastric cancer cells; twenty-three polyphenols were identified; a total of 12, 17, and 18 components were anti-liver cancer, anti-colon cancer, and anti-gastric cancer active polyphenols, respectively; TP53, MAPK3, MAPK1, RELA, AKT1, PIK3R1 and other 16 genes are the key anti-tumor targets; pathway in cancer, lipid and atherosclerosis, colorectal cancer, microRNAs in caner, HIF-1 signaling pathway and other pathways are the key pathways for anti-tumor effects of Ouli. CONCLUSIONS: Ouli polyphenols can be developed as a functional natural product to intervene in liver, stomach, and colon cancers.


A ruthenium-based solid-supported metathesis catalyst system was investigated for its propensity to
form cyclic poly(alkenamer)s over linear poly(alkenamer)s. This system was used in the ROMP of a variety of
cycloalkene monomers and produced the resulting poly(alkenamer)s in good yield; addnl., linear polymers of
these cycloalkenes were synthesized via ROMP using traditional Grubbs-type metathesis catalysts. The
presumed cyclo poly(alkenamer)s and linear poly(alkenamer)s were envisioned to possess sufficiently disparate
phys. properties to discriminate them from one another. This hypothesis was tested using both melt- and soln.-
state samples of cyclic and linear poly(alkenamer)s in conjunction with phys. blends thereof; this general
process was predicted to provide a means to quantitate the cyclic: linear poly(alkenamer) ratio and thus
provide the information necessary to optimize the cyclo polymns. to maximize this ratio. Addnl., novel
ionophore-functionalized cyclooctene derivs. were synthesized to enhance the soly. properties of the resulting
polymers in polar media and thus enable methods of anal. which are incompatible with traditional
poly(alkenamer)s.


F) were purchased from Gelest Inc (Morrisville, PA). All chemicals were used as received without further purification. Paper (Gel Blot paper, Whatman#1, and Whatman#50) was purchased from GE Healthcare (NJ, USA) and used as received, without purification. The silanization reaction was conducted in a chamber with a volume of 0.01 m 3 at a temperature set at 95 °C. The silanizing reagent is transferred into a glass vial under inert gas atmosphere and placed inside the chamber together with the samples. Each experiment typically required approximately 100 mg of silane in 5 mL of anhydrous toluene. The silane


Abstract This study investigates the response of a high resolution coupled physical-ecosystem model simulations to initial and boundary conditions (IBCs) from various sources. For this purpose, we used physical parameters from the data sets World Ocean Atlas (WOA09), CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas (CARS09) and North Indian Ocean Atlas (NIOA). Evaluating model simulated fields with standard validation data suggests that all three experiments could resolve most of the known surface and subsurface features of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) but with considerable differences in salinity and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and negligible differences in temperature among model simulations with various IBCs. The modeled Chl-a is well simulated with WOA09 as compared to NIOA and CARS09 data for climatological model simulations, with a correlation of 0.52 for the BoB. Moreover, the vertical distribution of Chl-a is found to be a function of nutrient supply to the base of the euphotic layer and mixed layer. These results significantly highlight the implicit and explicit use of IBCs for better representation of Chl-a concentration in the BoB from a high-resolution coupled model.


In this paper, the principle of self-organization competition artificial neural network (SCANN) is summarized and its application to earthquake sample classification is studied. The genetic algorithm (GA) is also used to optimize network structure and select input parameters. The results verified by an earthquake example show that SCANN has preferable classification effect and that of SCANN optimized with GA has a further improvement.


The objective is to examine the positions adopted by Brazil on nuclear non-proliferation, disarmament and peaceful uses of nuclear energy in the beginning of this century. The central argument indicates that Brazil aims to pressure the nuclear-weapon states to fulfill their disarmament obligations, while seeks to preserve autonomy to develop peaceful nuclear activities


Xinjiang wild Medicago falcata L.was selected to study callus induction,differentiation and propagation regeneration.The influence factors of wild M.falcata L.tissue culture such as hard seed,explants,hormones(2,4-D and KT) and media were discussed.Results showed that the combination of 4℃ low-temperature treatment and sulfuric acid soaking as the better method of breaking the hard seed of M.falcata L..This treatment resulted in 90% germination rate.Hypocotyl tissue was the most suitable explant for callus induction.The MS medium was more effective than the improved SH medium for the callus induction.The optimal callus induction medium contained MS+2,4-D 0.5 mg·L-1+KT 0.8 mg·L-1+sucrose 30 g·L-1+agar powder 7 g·L-1 with 80% callus induction rate.Light green and light yellow callus were differentiated in culture medium containing MS+2,4-D 0.2 mg·L-1+KT 0.4 mg·L-1+CH 1 g·L-1+sucrose 20 g·L-1+agar 7 g·L-1 with 30% differentiation rate.This technique will lay a foundation for M.falcata L.biotechnology breeding.


Aspect-oriented technology is able to separate and modularize crosscutting concerns during the whole software development process, one of its core idea is different aspect can be described separately using different method.The time analysis of the distributed real-time systems is very complex, differet function may have different time demands.The time which is the key property of the distributed real-time can be separated into deterministic timing sub-aspect,undeterministic timing sub-aspect and fuzzy timing sub-aspect further.According to this idea, proposes an Aspect-Oriented Performance Analysis Process.


The purpose of this study is to describe in detail and clearly the management of Geography learning based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) which includes learning preparation, teacher preparation, learning implementation and evaluation of supervision implementation. Types of qualitative research with ethnographic research designs. Conducting research at Bhinneka Karya 2 Boyolali High School. Data collection techniques using interviews (interviews), observation and study the content of documentation, with informants Geography teachers, Principals and Deputy Principals for Student Affairs. The validity of the data uses the triangulation method. The results of the study include firstly, the preparation of GIS-based Geography learning in Boyolali's Bhinneka Karya 2 High School through the study of basic competencies, compilation and development of syllabus and arrangement of prota and promises, secondly the preparation of GIS-based geography teachers namely having the qualification of S1 Geography education education and schools allowing each teacher to proceed to S2. Third, the implementation of Geography learning there are three discussions of Geography learning objectives that have been listed in the RPP, learning material that is making thematic maps and how to process geographic data, the method used is lecture, question and answer, and assignments, the media used are LCD, Laptops, Projectors , and blackboard. Evaluation of learning used is assessment, assignments and skills assessment. Fourth, Learning Implementation Evaluation, namely the school principal as a supervisor who gives authority and provides policies for every implementation evaluation.


Abstract. Bhoyar AD, Vankhade GN, Rajput PR. 2011. Synthesis and study of cholosubstituted 4-aroyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines and their effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 118-123. Condensation of 2-substituted 3,5-dichloroacetophenone (2a-b) obtained from the condensation of 2-hydroxy 3,5-dichloro-acetophenone (1) and benzoyl chloride were dissolved in NaOH, on treatment under Baker-Venkatraman transformation in presence of KOH with pyridine gives 1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-substituted-1,3-propanediones (3a-b). Then converted into 3-aroyl-6,8-dichloroflavanones (4a-d) by using different aromatic aldehyde in ethanol containing little piperidine. The condensation of (4a-d) and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, piperidine in DMF gives 3-(2-hydroxy3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-substitution-1-phenyl-D2pyrazolines (5a-d) and condensation of (4a-d) and hydroxylamine-hydrochloride gives 3-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-aroyl-5-substituted isoxazolines (6a-d). The above compounds are screened for their activities and have been found to exhibit significant effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats.


The realization of high quality monolithic inductances, as might be used in oscillators, filters, and compensation elements in broadband amplifiers, is a daunting task because the relatively large surface area required of reasonably valued inductances incurs numerous parasitic effects that degrade their high frequency electrical characteristics. A model accounting for most of these degrading influences is developed and analyzed. The primary fruits of this analysis are the formulation of a general small signal model of a monolithic inductance and the deduction of the frequency response of the inductor quality factor in terms of designable inductance value and relevant geometric parameters.


Book reviewed:  A High Price: The Triumphs and Failures of Israeli Counterterrorism / by Daniel Byman (Oxford University Press, 2011,) 496 pp.


Something significant is changing in local church life. We are entering a time of winnowing for congregations, in which a congregation's core health will mean the difference between survival and death, and also whether it simply survives or thrives in the future. Definitions of "healthy churches" tend to be too general or too small and prescriptive, driving toward some particular theology, tradition, or structure. A more helpful working definition or description is required. This article identifies four general predictors of church health that cut across theological, societal, and denominational boundaries. These markers are simple and attainable for churches that desire to pursue a healthier congregational life. The four characteristics are: (i) clarity of mission and vision, (ii) transformational conflict, (iii) authentic community, and (iv) transparent communication. When a church agrees to make these their highest priorities, the resulting congregational culture begins to exhibit signs of stability, renewal, and hope. Upon the foundation of such practices, the possibilities of future innovation, creativity, life transformation, and community engagement begin to emerge.


Objective: To assess the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) appearances of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Methods: The HRCT scans obtained in 4 patients (2 men and 2 women, age range: 20-50 years, mean age = 36 years) with biopsy-proven BOOP after BMT were reviewed retrospectively by 2 observers for the presence, extent, and distribution of parenchymal abnormalities. Results: All patients demonstrated consolidation and ground-glass opacity. The consolidation was bilateral, patchy, and asymmetric in all patients and was predominantly peribronchovascular in 3 patients and subpleural and peribronchovascular in 1 patient. Ground-glass opacity was patchy and asymmetric in all patients and was bilateral in 3 patients and unilateral in 1 patient. No zonal predominance of either feature could be identified. Conclusions: The predominant HRCT features of BOOP after BMT are bilateral, patchy, and asymmetric consolidation in a predominantly peribronchovascular distribution with associated ground-glass opacity.


It is found that in an H\-2SO\-4 medium, I\+- is oxidized by iodate. As a result, three times I\-3\+- is produced. While I\-3\+- had the maximum absorption at the wavelength of 288 nm, and the apparent molar absorptivity obtained at this wavelength is 1.3 x 10\+5 L·mol\+ -1·cm\+ -1. The study also suggests that in the range of 0-60 ug/100ml the concentration of iodate fit Beer's Law.


Rapid wound healing is important to regain the skins protective function after injury. Studies have shown that enamel matrix proteins (EMP) have many desirable effects which may accelerate wound he ...


Based on random vibration theory, by taking into account the seismic action with spatial variation, the earthquake response of a self-anchored suspension bridge with center span of 240m to multiple-support excitations is investigated, and numerical calculation is presented for seismic response subjected to independent effect or combination effect of three orthogonal components of seismic wave. The seismic response of self-anchored suspension bridge by considering traveling effect and correlated effect is discussed in detail.


vibrotreated in a corundum vibromill. The vibrotreatment was done dry (series 1), in an aqueous solution of HC1 at pH 3-4 (series 2), and in acetone with a powder:acetone:balls weight ratio of 0.4:0.4:1.0 (series 3). The vibrotreatment time was varied from 1 to 100 h. After vibrotreatment the powder of series 1 was not dried, the powder of series 3 was dried for 1 h at 100~ and samples in the form of beams were produced from the powder of series 2 by slip casting in gypsum molds and dried for 1 h at 100~ Then the powders of series 1 and 3 were hydrostatically treated with simultaneous forming and the samples of series 2 were hydrostatically treated at pressures from 0.3 to 2.0 GPa. The specimens obtained were fired in a gas kiln at 1500~ for 8 h. The density of the compacts and the sintered specimens and also the three-point strength of sintered and ground 7 x 7  70 mm specimens were determined (Table 1). An x-ray diffraction analysis of the specimens was made on a DRON1UM diffractometer. As may be seen from Table i, specimens of dry vibrotreated powder are the strongest. The bend strengths of specimens prepared from powders vibrotreated in acetone and an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid are approximately the same and are 300-350 N/mm 2 with short vibrotreatment times and low hydrostatic treatment pressures and decrease to 150160 N/mm 2 with an increase in vibrotreatment time and hydrostatic treatment pressure. With the exception of the specimens not pressure treated, for all three series a relationship of strength to density is not observed. Therefore it is obvious that the difference in strength of series 1 specimens, on the one hand, and of those of series 2 and 3, on the other, is caused by differences in the microstructure or phase composition. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that specimens of all series have a phase composition consisting of the monoclinic phase of zirconium dioxide, the tetragonal phase of zirconium dioxide, mullite, and c~-Al203. In the specimens of series 2 and 3 zirconium dioxide is found primarily in the monoclinic phase while the content of tetragonal phase varies from approximately 20% for short vibrotreatment times (2-3 h) and low hydrostatic treatment pressures (0.3-0.6 GPa) to 10% for long vibrotreatment times and high hydrostatic treatment pressures. In series 1 specimens regardless of vibrotreatment time and hydrostatic treatment pressure the tetragonal phase content is 40-50%. It was also observed that series 1 specimens have an increased (by 1.5-2.0 times) aluminum oxide content and a decreased mullite content in comparison with series 2 and 3 specimens. It is well known that an increase in zirconium dioxide tetragonaI phase content in the material leads to strengthening of it, and the strength of aluminum oxide is higher than of mullite. Therefore the high strengths of series 1 specimens may be explained by the increased zirconium dioxide tetragonal phase and aluminum oxide content in them. On the other hand the reduction in strength of series 2 and 3 sintered specimens with an increase in vibrotreatrnent time and hydrostatic treatment pressure may be explained by the decrease in content of these phases. At the same time it is impossible to not take into consideration that in addition to the above factors the different recrystallization rates in sintering of specimens of different series may make an additional contribution to the difference in strength. Let us consider in more detail the possible mechanisms determining the sintering and strength of the material.


A computational design technique for coupled-cavity tubes (TWTs) equipped with spent-beam refocusers (SBRs) and multistage depressed collectors (MDCs) is described. A large-signal multidimensional computer program was used to analyze the TWT-SBR performance and to generate the spent-beam models used for MDC design. The results of a design involving a 75-W, 59 to 64 GHz TWT are presented. The SBR and MDC designs are shown, and the computed TWT, SBR, and MDC performances are described. Collector efficiencies in excess of 94 percent led to projected overall TWT efficiencies in the 40-percent range.


Objective To investigate the prevention and therapy effect of Jiefurui on the workers exposed to the fluorides.Methods Twenty-two unexposed workers were as the control(group A),44 workers exposed to the fluorides were divided into the placebo group(group B) and the Jiefurui group(group C),the concentration of fluoride(F~-) in serum,F~-and tetrafluroborate(BF_4~-) in urine as well as the content of Interleukin-2(IL-2),InterLeukin-6(IL-6) in serum were determined.Results The F~-concentration of workers exposed to the fluorides in serum and F~-,BF_4~-in urine were significantly higher than that in the unexposed group.Compared to the group B workers,the concentration of F~-in serum in the group C workers significantly decreased,and F~-and BF_4~-in urine increased significantly,moreover,the content of IL-2 in serum increased,and the IL-6 decreased obviously.Conclusion The results suggested that the Jiefurui could significantly increase the excretion of urinary fluorides and tetrafluroborates,promote the immune function.Jiefurui showed the effects of antagonizing the toxicity of fluorides.


SUMMARY In this study, ophthalmic examinations including a Schirmer tear test and pathological examination of the ocular tissues, including the lacrimal glands, were carried out in two dogs with corneal ulceration. The two dogs were diagnosed with Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) based on the clinical findings. Inflammatory cell infiltration, dominated by lymphocytes, was observed in the interstitium of the lacrimal gland tissues. Occa-sional destruction of the acinus structure was associated with the lesions. Association of the immune-mediat-ed inflammatory changes in the lacrimal gland tissues is suggested as one of the underlying factors responsi-ble for the development of canine KCS. Further study is required for elucidation of possible association of the auto-immune mediated mechanism, which is similar to Sjögren's syndrome in humans, with the observed changes in the present two dogs.


Northern peatlands are one of the most important global sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) ; their ability to sequester C is a natural feedback mechanism controlled by climatic variables such as precipitation, temperature, length of growing season and period of snow cover. In the UK it has been predicted that peatlands could become a net source of carbon in response to climate change with climate models predicting a rise in global temperature of ca. 3 o C between 1961-1990 and 2100. Land-atmosphere exchange of CO 2 in peatlands exhibits marked seasonal and inter-annual variations, which have significant short- and long-term effects on carbon sink strength. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 has been measured continuously by eddy-covariance (EC) at Auchencorth Moss (55˚47'32 N, 3˚14'35 W, 267 m a.s.l.), a temperate peatland in central Scotland, since 2002. Auchencorth Moss is a low-lying, ombrotrophic peatland situated ca. 20 km south-west of Edinburgh. Peat depth ranges from < 0.5 m to > 5 m and the site has a mean annual precipitation of 1155 mm. The vegetation present within the flux measurement footprint comprises mixed grass species, heather and substantial areas of moss species ( Sphagnum spp. and Polytrichum spp.). The EC system consists of a LiCOR 7000 closed-path infrared gas


The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for handling HEAPS OF ARTICLES sheet form, in the method HEAPS OF ARTICLES SHAPED FOIL (2) comprising at least ONE ARE LAMINA MOVED WITHIN AN AREA Storage (1 ) WITH THE HELP OF A MANAGEMENT APPARATUS stacks sheets (3) OF AT LEAST A PILE OF PLATES. UNDER THE BASES OF SUPPORT (4) DEVICES MANAGEMENT (7) and a transport device (5) designed for this purpose, is offered a flexible STORAGE AND EFFICIENT FOR HEAPS OF ARTICLES IN THE FORM OF SHEET SUITABLE to interface with the processing lines of articles in sheet form EXISTS.


Functional results in patients with malignant bone tumors of upper and lower limbs were evaluated according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society System Classification. In the group receiving prosthetic surgery the rating was as follow: excellent 4, good 15, fair 4, and poor 2.The evaluation of the arthrodesis group was:, good 11, fair 2, and poor 2. No excellent cases were identified.Reconstructing resected lesions using a total knee device or proximal femoral prosthesis in older patients or in metastatic iesions, achieves good short term results.An arthrodesed knee is a stable painless condition that allows for almost unlimited activity. The disadvantage is the inability to bend the knee, which interferes with sitting and may be cosmetically undesirable.


The Tso Morari Crystalline Complex (TMC), eastern Ladakh, is marked by the presence of eclogites as boudins and lenses within the Puga Formation. These eclogites are composed of garnet, omphacite, amphibole, phengite, glaucophane, quartz, and iron oxide, with rare coesite inclusions in garnet reflecting ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic characteristics. Geochemically, TMC eclogites have high Fe-Ti basaltic compositions and classify as subalkaline tholeiites. Rare earth element and multielement diagrams display enriched patterns similar to enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt coupled with perturbed large ion lithophile elements and higher whole-rock (87Sr/86Sr) ratios (0.70884 to 0.72721) reflecting the possible influence of postcrystallization processes rather than variable interaction with host granite gneisses (87Sr/86Sr ratio: ∼0.73901). To evaluate the existing protolith possibilities, we calculated εNd(t=289Ma) values (+1.9 to +9.5) and εNd(t=140Ma) values (+1.1 to +8.9) of TMC eclogites; both indicate their derivation from depleted-mantle sources. The εNd(t=289Ma) values of the early Permian enriched Panjal volcanics of Kashmir Valley (−5.3 to +1.3) and Phe volcanics of Zanskar Himalaya (−7.4 to −1.1) are very different from TMC eclogites. However, the εNd(t=289Ma) values of TMC eclogites are similar to the depleted Panjal volcanics (+0.3 to +4.3). Similarly, the εNd(t=140Ma) values of the TMC eclogites closely resemble those of the adjoining Ladakh ophiolites, such as the Nidar-Spongtang-Shergol-Dras ophiolitic mafic rocks (+5.1 to +9.9). These observations partly negate the existing hypothesis of enriched Panjal and Phe volcanics for being the protolith for the TMC eclogites. Thus, we propose that the protolith for the TMC eclogites could be represented by the subducted portion of the early Permian depleted Panjal volcanics and Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Ladakh ophiolitic mafic rocks, subducted to eclogite-grade metamorphism (around ~53 Ma) and were subsequently tectonically accreted to the obducting Indian continental crust during their exhumation.


To the Editor.— Dr Gabbard1has written about the role of compulsiveness in the normal physician. Is it not hypocritical (not to mention supercilious) to spell out so disagreeable a picture of the trait of "compulsiveness," yet admit that "we would all probably choose a compulsive physician if we were seriously ill"? You can bet your bottom dollar that when I need my common duct explored I am going to hunt up the most exquisitely "compulsive" surgeon I can possibly find! Could it not be that because almost 100% of physicians have this trait, the author's views of its desirability should be reexamined?


As many other Western Mediterranean regions, Southern Fran ce is concerned by devastating flash-flood events particularly during the fall season. The warm Medite rranean Sea at this time of the year and the orography form a strong topographic component acting on the gene sis and evolution of the quasi-stationary heavy precipitating systems. The Mediterranean Sea provides the moisture supply to the strong low-level southerly flow that impinges the mountain ranges of the surrounding cou ntries. The goal of this study was to use a kilometric-scale model to u nderline the synoptic and mesoscale factors leading to the stationary of these events, which are often re sponsible for accumulation of huge rainfall. Three representative cases of High Precipitating Events (HPEs) o ver Southern France have been simulated with the high-resolution (2.5 km) research MESO-NH model.


This correspondence describes a new technique for measuring temperature, inversion ratio, and the extent of pressure broadening in a CW molecular laser oscillator. All three quantities can be obtained from one set of measurements performed on the oscillator itself.


In this paper we present, for the first time, simulated maps of the circularly polarized synchrotron emission from the Crab nebula, using multidimensional state of the art models for the magnetic field geometry. Synchrotron emission is the signature of non-thermal emitting particles, typical of many high-energy astrophysical sources, both Galactic and extra-galactic ones. Its spectral and polarization properties allow us to infer key informations on the particles distribution function and magnetic field geometry. In recent years our understanding of pulsar wind nebulae has improved substantially thanks to a combination of observations and numerical models. A robust detection or non-detection of circular polarization will enable us to discriminate between an electron-proton plasma and a pair plasma, clarifying once for all the origin of the radio emitting particles, setting strong constraints on the pair production in pulsar magnetosphere, and the role of turbulence in the nebula. Previous attempts at measuring the circular polarization have only provided upper limits, but the lack of accurate estimates, based on reliable models, makes their interpretation ambiguous. We show here that those results are above the expected values, and that current polarimetric tecniques are not robust enough for conclusive result, suggesting that improvements in construction and calibration of next generation radio facilities are necessary to achieve the desired sensitivity.


In this paper,three Landsat satellite images acquired in 1973,1984 and 2006 were chosen.Tasseled Cap transformation was carried out on three corrected images respectively.Components of brightness,greenness and wetness were then selected to compute the differences and composite information.Then the method of change vector analysis was used to determine the threshold of the composite image between change and non-change pixels.Finally,thresholding of change vector analysis and mask technology were used to detect land use/cover change in the three images.The results show that there is a significant change in the structure of land use /cover in Hongze Lake over the past 33 years.From 1973 to 1984,it reduced by 200.55km2 and from 1984 to 2006,it reduced by 357.04km2.The decreased types are mainly the open area and the wetland vegetation.The areas of aquacultures and rice paddy increased obviously,and that of urban land also increased slightly.The results also show that the combination of Tasseled Cap transformation,computing the difference and change vector analysis make it applicable for change detection of land use/cover.


Free-space laser communications requires extremely accurate tracking to keep the transmitter and receiver well aligned in order to prevent data errors. This paper describes a demonstration of diffraction limited tracking for free-space laser communications. Diffraction limited tracking requires the laser beam be held to its undisturbed location to within a fraction of the angular resolution of the system. The demonstration consists of a transmitter, receiver, and far-field simulator. The far-field simulator is used to simulate the laser beam traversing a large distance in space and to introduce a disturbance representative of the spacecraft base motion effects. TRW has developed a biaxial mirror articulator for tracking out this disturbance. This fine and medium track mechanism (F/MTM) consists of a flexurally-suspended gimbal assembly, four voice coils, a caging mechanism, on-board signal conditioning circuit, and outboard electronics. A fine track detector (FTD) consisting of a quadrant photodetector and fine track processing electronics (FTPE) provides feedback to the F/MTM. This paper discusses the major components of the demonstration in detail. In addition, data on the performance of the tracking system is presented and discussed.


The formerly unknown compounds of composition LiBUO 3 .nH 2 O (n = 1.5, 1, 0.5, 0) are synthesized and characterized. The structures of the compounds and their thermal decomposition are studied by X-ray diffraction, precision IR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis.


English travellers in the days of the Tudors who have left behind them the story of their wanderings in the civilised lands of Europe are so few that perhaps little excuse is needed for the publication of a diary kept for Sir Edward Unton. Unton was a gentleman of Berkshire, and traced his pedigree to Edward IV.'s time. He married in 1555 a widowed daughter of the Protector Somerset, was knighted by the Queen in 1559, and in 1574 had the honour to entertain her at his house of Wadley near Faringdon. He was Sheriff in 1567 and elected to Parliament in 1572. He died in 1583 and was buried in Faringdon Church. His younger son, Henry, took a larger part in affairs of State. He, too, sat in Parliament, but he is chiefly remembered as Ambassador to France and friend of Henry IV., who is said to have mourned his death at the siege of La Fère in 1596. There is a curious portrait of the younger Unton in the National Portrait Gallery.


ABSTRACT
CSP provides high level security and compliances for cloud services. But if we consider these services as a part of multi-year or ever-changing environment then it may put us into reliability issue of cloud service certifications. Continuous auditing i.e. CA required to be continuously reliable and secured by increasing trustworthiness of certifications. To avoid infancy strategy of CA, continuous cloud service auditing approach is proposed. In this various criteria is audited. It is continuous auditing process for cloud services which is launch to extend the concept of continuous cloud service auditing. Another aspect is there is need of data restoration (Backup) in case of any damage or leakage this system contributes proxy server at the cloud end which is responsible for data restoration i.e. code regeneration. With the experimental results we have to prove performance of system in terms of security and auditing of data.


The work is devoted to study characteristics of the compact vacuum test bench, a feature of which is the presence of a programmable control system. During the work, the stages of assembly of the stand and technical requirements are described. Studies are being conducted to assess the build quality of the stand and the operation of the control system.


C hung and Luh studied semiprime rings with nilpotent derivations and established the results for (n-1)! torsion free semiprime rings. Bresar generalized these results. In this paper, we prove that if d is a derivation on a semiprime ring R such that , for all , then for all x in R provided R is (n-1)! torsion free and  if R is prime, then either a=0 or b=0 or d=0. Using this result we prove that if d is a non-zero derivation on a 2- torsion free prime ring R and if  f  is an additive mapping of R such that for all x in R, then  f=0.


A regenerable immunosensor, based on a competitive assay principle and utilizing electrochemical detection, was developed for the determination of 7-hydroxycoumarin. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled anti-7-hydroxycoumarin antibody was employed in the determination, and the enzyme activity was measured as a function of current due to the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a mediator (potassium ferrocyanide). Sensor preparation involved chemical immobilization of 7-hydroxy-coumarin-BSA conjugate on a glassy carbon electrode surface using a water soluble carbodiimide, 1 -ethyl-3(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide, as coupling reagent in the presence of N-hydroxysuccinimide. The competition between the free and immobilized forms of the hapten for their HRP labeled antibody in solution allows for the quantitation of free 7-hydroxycoumarin. The sensor can be regenerated by simply immersing the electrode tip in acidic media. Under these conditions the hapten-antibody complex was selectively disrupted without adversely affecting the sensor performance. The conditions for removing the non-specific adsorption of the enzyme conjugate were also studied. The results showed that the detection range obtained for the hapten was physiologically relevant.


The article deals with an important ethical principle in taking the health and social care of seniors: respecting of the autonomy. The purpose of the work presented here is to point out the endangerment of seniors in different areas of their lives and possibilities of supporting their autonomous behaviour by members of health and social services. In the first part of the article, the concept of the autonomy and the ethical principle of respecting the autonomy are explained. The concept of the autonomy is frequently combined with the self-respect, dignity and participation. The following two components of the autonomy are recognized: "autonomous decisions" and "autonomous actions". The autonomy is frequently endangered in old age. With the attenuation of the physical and mental strength, the client is frequently limited, either in his/her capability of making a valid decision or in his/her capability of implementing the decision, or in both respects. The capability of the autonomous behaviour is affected by external and internal factors. The internal factors are associated with the reduction in physical and mental functions in elderly people and external factors are associated with the environment, which is the senior living in. In old age, the self-reliance is frequently either restricted or lost. However, the autonomy and loss of the self-reliance do not exclude one another. In the article, the authors Pichaud and Thareau are quoted, who deal with the relationship between the self-reliance and autonomy. They consider the proportion of the participation of the assisting person in helping the other person, depending on the extent of his/her mental dependence. In spite of attempts of specialists to support and save the autonomy of seniors at least to a certain extent, there is a certain population of clients, who are not capable of the autonomous behaviour at all. The article also mentions an ethical discussion concerning respecting of formerly expressed desires of patients (advance directives). The conclusion of the article comprises autonomous principles of handling with the client, which should be adhered to in taking care of seniors. These principles were adopted from foreign authors Collopa and Nalepp.


The Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows(VRPTW) is addressed in the paper.A multi-objective mathematic model is designed with goals of minimizing the vehicle number and the travel distance.A memetic algorithm is proposed,targeting this problem.The pattern of population search is genetic algorithm and Pareto ranking selection,while the local search uses tabu and solution pool to coordinate Pareto non-dominated solutions obtained by the two searches.Compared with the multi-objective genetic algorithm without the local search and the single-objective memetic algorithm,experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


The surgical operating microscope was introduced in the early 1920s, but it was largely ignored until 1950, when it was reintroduced by Richard A. Perritt for use in microsurgical operations in opthamology.1 The magnification and illumination provided by the microscope has resulted in its acceptance as an essential part of the surgical armamentarium. Microsurgical techniques gained widespread acceptance, primarily in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, neurology, and urology, and they play a critical role in surgery to reattach severed extremities.2-8


A study of deformation mechanisms in the single crystal superalloy PWA 1480 was conducted. Monotonic and cyclic tests were conducted from 20 to 1093 C. Both (001) and near-(123) crystals were tested, at strain rates of 0.5 and 50 percent/minute. The deformation behavior could be grouped into two temperature regimes: low temperatures, below 760 C; and high temperatures, above 820 to 950 C depending on the strain rate. At low temperatures, the mechanical behavior was very anisotropic. An orientation dependent CRSS, a tension-compression asymmetry, and anisotropic strain hardening were all observed. The material was deformed by planar octahedral slip. The anisotropic properties were correlated with the ease of cube cross-slip, as well as the number of active slip systems. At high temperatures, the material was isotropic, and deformed by homogeneous gamma by-pass. It was found that the temperature dependence of the formation of superlattice-intrinsic stacking faults was responsible for the local minimum in the CRSS of this alloy at 400 C. It was proposed that the cube cross-slip process must be reversible. This was used to explain the reversible tension-compression asymmetry, and was used to study models of cross-slip. As a result, the cross-slip model proposed by Paidar, Pope and Vitek was found to be consistent with the proposed slip reversibility. The results were related to anisotropic viscoplastic constitutive models. The model proposed by Walter and Jordan was found to be capable of modeling all aspects of the material anisotropy. Temperature and strain rate boundaries for the model were proposed, and guidelines for numerical experiments were proposed.


Serious concerns about carbon (C) sequestration capacity and the stabilization of sequestered C in forested soils have emerged in the context of global climate change. The organic C in soil and in soil fractions at four sampling times in Acacia auriculiformis plantations afforested in 1991 were investigated with a combination of density fractionation and acid hydrolysis techniques. The results showed that the accumulation of C in the forested soils had accelerated because the afforestation of wasteland with A. auriculiformis. The C accumulation rates of the surface and subsurface soils averaged 0.38 and 0.17 t C/ha/yr, respectively, during the 19 yr following the afforestation. The percentage of organic C in heavy fraction relative to total soil organic C at the surface soil was 71% in 2003. This value was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that in 2010 (68%). The chemical recalcitrant C index of light fraction was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of heavy fraction in 2003 regardless of soil depth, but both decreased with time. ca. 58–68% of the newly sequestered C was protected by physical mechanism, and 41–50% was transferred into the acid nonhydrolysable fraction during the 12–19 yr after the trees were planted. The chemical stability of the physically protected C remained lower than that of the unprotected C following the afforestation in the valley‐type savannah. However, both the stability values showed a decline with time.


This article is on the subject of saline solution 0,9% in outlying veined accesses as method of maintenance of its permeability. This as objective represents a guide of recommendations and a ruled flowchart of interventions in Infusion Nursing Society. Few studies with evidence of salinization have been found in the virtual databases. This guide directs the procedure and the materials that must be used. In conclusion the use of saline solution 0,9% in the conditions extolled by Infusion Nursing Society presents solid theoretical bases that may sustain the development of futures studies about the effectiveness of the saline solution as a method to maintain the permeability of outlying veined catheters in adult patients.


As social beings, humans depend on each other to meet their needs and interests. For this reason, a definite regulatory structure (institutionalization) is needed to minimize and overcome various problems that arise. Al-Mawardi is one of the most interesting Islamic political thinkers to discuss. The basic concept of al-Mawardi's political thought is the origin of the social contract theory. Through qualitative research methods through literature studies, this article will discuss al-Mawardi's social contract theory based on his political thoughts. The discussion in this article starts from a discussion of al-Mawardi's biography, al-Mawardi's main thoughts regarding the state and leadership, as well as the relationship between the ruler and the people which later became the social contract theory.


The main topic of this thesis is the kantian notion of autonomy, under the necessary presupposition of freedom of the will, which enables individuals to make free choices and consequently, to be morally responsible for these choices. Interest also, focuses on Kant's effort to show that freedom of the will, and further autonomy, can be reconciled with the strict deterministic system. Additionally, it offers an extensive analysis of basic kantian notions and undertakes to bring to the fore the value of kantian autonomy, whilst highlighting the interpretative issues which arise. Finally, it presents two fundamental, but different approaches to kantian autonomy.


Problem statement: The Trujillo algorithm is indirect method and has been used in this study. The approach is based upon the principle of conservation of energy. Approach: Cable structures are very light and flexible and they undergo appreciable deflections when subjected to external loading. Results: Since all the main load-carrying members in cable structures are usually in tension, there are no stability problems and the strength of high tensile steel used for cables can be rationally utilized. Conclusion/Recommendations: In order to define the position of equilibrium the method of analysis should, therefore, cater for the change in geometry caused by any form of applied load. Hence the classical linear theories of structural mechanisms cannot be used for the solution of cable assemblies.


The development history of Electronic Health Record is reviewed.Its status,problems and barriers in some pilots are summarized.And policy suggestions are put forward from planning and organization,financing,standard and criterion,application as well as laws and regulations.


Kawasaki disease is an acute and self-limited systemic vasculitis.Coronary artery lesions are the most common complications.The principal treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and high doses of oral aspirin has significantly decreased the morbidity of coronary artery lesions.However, increased cases of IVIG non-responsiveness and refractory Kawasaki disease in recent years make the treatment more difficult.The existing progress indicates that infliximab provides a new therapeutic option for Kawasaki disease, especially for IVIG non-responsiveness and refractory Kawasaki disease.This paper reviews recent studies associated with application of infliximab in Kawasaki disease.

Key words:
Kawasaki disease; Infliximab; IVIG non-responsiveness


Kinked polyzethrenes are more stable than linear polyzethrenes making them better candidates as materials for organic electronic devices (e.g., organic field effect transistors, nonlinear optics, and semiconductors) because of their greater singlet biradical properties. For series of molecules constructed by successive attachment of a given aufbau unit, we are able to derive analytical or recursion expressions relating certain properties. For example, starting with a few known number of Dewar resonance structures (DSs) for such a series, one is often able to derive analytical or recursion expressions for these DS values by our method of successive differences which then lead to either constant or Fibonacci numbers, respectively. The increasing order of π-electronic stability of isomers with the same number of Kekulé structures (K) is determined by their increasing number of DSs. Kinked polycyclic conjugated polyenes with a single classical structure (i.e., K = 1) are more conjugated and stable than their straight polycyclic isomers with a single classical structure.


The mission of Central Transdanubian Research Group (of HAS CRS WHRI) established on September, 2000 was determined by several long-term strategic research aim. The most important ones of these are the research of spatial, regional development, economic, social and environmental processes, problems, conflicts and future trends of Szekesfehervar county ranked city, Fejer county and the Central Transdanubian region; the establishment of the science background for development decisions in regional, county and city level; the analysis of socio-economic processes determining the organisations of Central Transdanubia; the support of these organisations; ensuring the availability of the main research results to the local, county level, regional partners to put it into practice and to scientific actors; the enrichment of relationships between the city, the county, the region and the international and the Hungarian academic public life; the organisation of academic forums and conferences. And Tast but not least the establishment of the Hungarian and international professional prestige of the research group.


Because the conflicting data currently available from the performed randomized trials it is very difficult to provide strict guidelines for the treatment of patients with locoregional advanced esophageal cancers. Surgery however, remains the standard of care for potentially resectable disease. Preoperative chemotherapy is still controversial with two large randomized trials resulting in two different conclusions regarding the survival benefit. Preoperative chemoradiation is also controversial since only one randomized trial showed a clear survival benefit however, the patients treated with surgery alone in this trial had an unusually poor outcome. And the study by Urba et al was not powered enough to show a clear survival benefit for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The results of three metaanalysis of these randomized studies show lower rate of resection, higher rate of R0-resection, more often postoperative mortality and better prognosis for patients with neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. As a consequence one may consider offering neoadjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy to patients with locallyadvanced disease under the premise that patients have a good performance status and understand the controversies about this therapeutic option. Larger trials with sufficient power to clearly detect survival benefits for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiochemotherapy are necessary before this therapeutic option will be the standard of care.


Abstract As rising powers, India and China are critical to regional and global stability in the twenty-first century. While most analyses of their behavior emphasize their material capabilities as an explanatory variable, this article takes into greater account the role of the past. This involves how they both operate under a "post-imperial ideology" (PII), an emphasis on colonial trauma and "victimhood," exemplified in their still unresolved territorial dispute. Using new documents, this article shows how PII led to the breakdown of the negotiations between the two sides and war in 1962. PII not only suggests a new way to think about two important rising powers today, China and India, it also offers a new way to think about states in the international system.


In this paper, we introduce a new type of functions to analyze cryptographic protocols statically for the property of secrecy: the Witness-Functions. A Witness-Function is a reliable protocol-dependent function intended to prove the correctness of a protocol through its growth. It bases its calculation on the static part of a message in a role-based speci cation and ignores the dynamic one by introducing the notion of derivative messages. It o ers two interesting bounds that enable an analysis of protocols on an unbounded number of sessions. We give here the way to build these functions and we state the theorem of protocol analysis with the Witness-Functions.


In the method of this invention for controlling the standby power of the mobile station, detects the applications and services related to the background operation, and classifies the properties of the detected applications and services, and a user response to the application and service category the feature considered in the characteristics, and predicts the usage patterns for the category of applications and services, based on the predicted usage pattern, and the service application and the classification characteristic, and controls the characteristics of category of applications and services.


The flow instability of a double-blade centrifugal pump is more serious due to its special design feature with two blades and large flow passages. The dynamic instabilities and pressure pulsations can affect the pump performance and operating lifetime. In the present study, a numerical investigation of unsteady flow and time variation of pressure within a complete double-blade centrifugal pump was carried out. The time domain and frequency domain of pressure pulsations were extracted at 16 monitoring locations covering the important regions to analyze the internal flow instabilities of the pump model. The frequency spectra of pressure pulsations were decomposed into Strouhal number dependent functions. This led to the conclusion that the blade passing frequency (BPF) related vibrations are exclusively flow-induced. Large vortices were observed in the flow passages of the pump at low flow rate. It is noted that high vorticity magnitude occurred in the vicinities of the blade trailing edge and tongue of the volute, due to the rotor-stator interaction between impeller and volute.


In 1880, Charles Darwin and his son published a book, "The power of movement in plants", in which they described plant tropic behavior. Through their detailed observations of the tropic curvature of monocot coleoptiles, they concluded that "when seedlings are freely exposed to a lateral light, some influence is transmitted from the upper to the lower part, causing the latter to bend". This observation is the first suggestion of the importance of "some influence" transmitted from the tip to basal growing parts, at least in the bending of monocot coleoptiles after lateral light stimulus. Following their suggestion, much research was conducted on plant tropic curvature, and indicated that the "influence" is a substance, auxin (indole-3-acetic acid; IAA), the first plant hormone to be identified. Tropic responses are generally explained by the Cholodny–Went Hypothesis; that is, they occur via differential growth on the two sides of the elongating shoot, which results from asymmetrical IAA distribution. However, their theory did not include the role of the apical tip region as the site of production of IAA, which is subsequently supplied to the lower growing region. A number of studies have shown the importance of the apical tip region of monocot coleoptiles and dicot seedlings for the perception of photoand gravi-stimuli, as well as tropic curvature. However, the exact origin of the tip-localized IAA and the mechanisms regulating the amount of IAA remain unclear. In this mini-review, we summarize our research as a story from tip-specific IAA biosynthesis to gravitropic curvature in maize (Zea mays) coleoptiles. ©2011 Jpn. Soc. Biol. Sci. Space; Article ID: 112502006 The coleoptile tip region is the site of vigorous IAA biosynthesis from tryptophan Gravitropism and phototropism have fascinated plant biologists since the pioneering work of Charles and Francis Darwin (Darwin and Darwin, 1880) more than 130 years ago. These tropic responses, as explained by the Cholodny–Went Hypothesis, occur via differential growth on the two sides of the elongating shoot, which results from the asymmetrical distribution of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (Went and Thimann, 1937). Although this hypothesis did not address the importance of the apical tip region for tropic curvature, it is now known that apical tip regions of dicot seedlings, monocot coleoptiles, and roots (e.g., of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and maize) play an indispensable role in tropic curvature. Thus, it is generally accepted that the apical tip region is the site of IAA production. Although there is no detailed information on the site(s) of IAA biosynthesis in plants, even in Arabidopsis, our series of works with maize coleoptiles have shown clear evidence that the 0–2 mm tip region of the coleoptile is a definite site of de novo IAA synthesis. It was reported that conjugated-IAA transported from seed kernels participated in the production of free IAA at the tip (Cohen and Bandurski, 1982); therefore, we investigated in detail the production of IAA in the tip region of maize coleoptiles (Koshiba et al., 1995; Mori et al., 2005; Nishimura et al., 2006, 2009). The results showed that: (1) free IAA in the tip was transported to the basal region at the rate of about 500 pg/h/tip; (2) free IAA accumulated in the 0–2 mm region of the tip at the same rate (approx. 500 pg/h/tip) after treatments with the IAA transportinhibitor, NPA; (3) there was no change in the amount of conjugated IAA during production of IAA; and (4) IAA was synthesized from tryptophan (Trp) mainly in the 0–1 mm tip region and immediately transported basipetally. The IAA concentration was highest in the top-most 0–0.5 mm region and gradually decreased in the region located 2–5 mm from the tip (Fig. 1A). When [C11N2]-Trp was applied locally to the coleoptile, it was incorporated into IAA in the 2-mm tip region of the coleoptile. The labeled Trp was incorporated very efficiently in the top 0–1 mm region (Fig. 1B). The newly synthesized IAA (chaselabeled for 15 min) was immediately transported to lower parts at a velocity of approx. 7 mm/h (Fig. 1C). Therefore, at least in maize coleoptiles, IAA synthesis from Trp is restricted to the tip 0–2 mm region, and free IAA in the lower region has been transported from the tip. Higher contents of IAA in the coleoptile tips were also reported in rice and Avena (Avena sativa), but the production of IAA in these plants has not been studied in detail. IAA biosynthetic pathway in coleoptile tips Tracer experiments with radio-labeled Trp indicated that IAA was synthesized from Trp in vivo (Koshiba et al., 1995) and also in vitro (Koshiba and Matsuyama, 1993). No intermediate was detected in vivo experiments. Aldehyde oxidase (AO) and cytosol ic ascorbate peroxidase (Koshiba, 1993) were shown to be involved Special Issue: Auxin and Gravity Response in Plants Received: August 4, 2011; Accepted: August 15, 2011 *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel/Fax: +81-426-77-2565; E-mail: email@example.com Biological Sciences in Space, Vol.25 No.2-4, 37-43, 2011 IAA biosynthesis and gravitropisms − 38 − Distance from top (mm) (n g gF W -1 ) Fr ee IA A le ve ls in c ol eo pt ile s


Burnt rock is a geo‐material widely existed in many countries. After the rock mass is burned, the fracture is developed, the structure is destroyed, the integrity and strength are reduced, and a good water storage space is formed in suitable hydration conditions. In this paper, the roof fall characteristics and failure mechanism of inclined shaft in shallow water‐rich burnt rock area (SWRBRA) are analyzed using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement. It is revealed that the main factors causing the instability of surrounding rock on inclined shaft in SWRBRA are the deterioration of structure and integrity after rock mass is burnt, the weakening of surrounding rock strength under the action of fissure water, and the lagging support method. Therefore, the key measure to control the stability of surrounding rock in SWRBRA is to block cracks to eliminate the weakening effect of water and advance reinforcement to improve the surrounding rock strength. Through the comprehensive technologies such as rear roadway reinforcement, filling, and rebuilding artificial false roof and pipe shed advanced support, the effective restoration of the roof fall area in SWRBRA is realized. The surrounding rock fractures were closed, the strength of surrounding rock is improved by means of grouting reinforcement, and the stability control of surrounding rock of inclined shaft in SWRBRA is achieved.


The subject of this case study is an innovative methodology for
working with information allowing to quickly gain a high level
of expertise in any area of human activities. The methodology
is presented as an example of creating a new hempcrete standard and it is easily transferable to other areas (for example the
medicinal research area).


This is an account of the author's use of computer algebra tools to explore the structure of the maximal elementary abelian 2-subgroups of the exceptional Lie group E8. The principal result obtained thus far by these methods is that any rank 8 connected 2-compact group (BX,X) with Weyl group isomorphic to that of the exceptional Lie group E8 has its normalizer of the maximal torus isomorphic to that of E8 at the prime 2. Similar results hold for the comparison of possible exotic forms of G2, DI(4), F4, and E7/Z(E7) to the standard forms. Corollaries of this result include that the Krull dimension of the mod 2 cohomology of such BX is 9 and that the cohomology ring is not Cohen-Macaulay. The proof follows from (1) calculations of the ambient cohomology groupH(BW (G), TG) that classifies extensions 1→ TG → NG(TG)→ W (G)→ 1 and the (2) discovery of subgroups in common between the "real" E8 and possible W -clones X which are large enough to detect the kinvariant. Thanks to the National Science Foundation, Purdue University, Johns Hopkins University, and Fukuoka University for financial support during this research and the 2000 sabbatical of the author. Thanks to the Clay Foundation for travel support during this research. 1


This book provides some practical advice on how to address problems of sustainability in developing nations, demonstrating the precepts of the 'sustainable livelihood approach' (SLA) by examining a two-year case study of a microfinance ...


- The benchmark model for the study sub synchronous resonance is presented by IEEE committee. Here IEEE First benchmark system for Sub synchronous Resonance Analysis is simulated using MATLAB. The Oscillations because of Sub Synchronous Resonance are observed between turbine generator and various turbine shafts. For reducing oscillations or to mitigate Sub synchronous resonance phenomena FACTS device (Flexible AC transmission system) is used. This paper represents analysis of sub synchronous resonance using MATLAB Simulation


This article demonstrates the role of patent attorneys in devising international IP strategies at various levels. Due to their technical and legal education and training, patent attorneys are enabled in a unique way to effectively advise and represent clients in the field of patent drafting, prosecution, defence and litigation. Patent law is a very special field of its own. Both the technological issues and the legal issues of patent law are often times of a highly complex nature, particularly in view of the fact that the legal systems throughout the world are anything but really harmonized. A lot of know-how and experience is therefore needed and provided by patent attorneys to cope with these challenges on a global scale.


Objective To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and leptin in the perioperation of cardiac valve replacement.Methods Twenty patients were treated with cardiac valve replacement.Blood samples were obtained at the following intervals:before anesthesia,2 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after cardiac valve replacement.The concentrations of leptin,insulin,hematokrit and blood glucose were measured.The insulin-resistance index (HOMA-IR),insulin-sensitivity index [1/ (INS × G)] and the ratio of insulin to blood glucose (I/G) were obtained.Results Insulin,blood glucose and HOMA-IR increased significantly from the beginning of anesthesia and went to the peak at 24 h after cardiac valve replacement (P < 0.05).1/(INS × G) decreased significantly after anesthesia (P < 0.05).Leptin level decreased gradually at the beginning and increased rapidly to the peak at 24 h after operation (P < 0.01).HOMA-IR correlated well with leptin (r =0.958,P =0.010).Conclusions Insulin resistance exists in the perioperation of cardiac valve replacement.Correlation between leptin and insulin-resistance index indicates the role of leptin in insulin-resistance.

Key words:
Cardiac valve replacement;  Insulin-resistance ;  Leptin


Daylighting is one of the major elements in architectural design. It also plays an important role in the museums focused on displaying artistic works. Many architects have tried to predict daylighting performances in exhibition spaces during the design process of museums. The aims of this study are to present the design methods using the computer program RADIANCE that is available for the evaluations of daylighting performances in indoor space and to help architects design daylighting systems for better exhibition spaces of museums. For this study, Seoul Museum of Art was chosen and it was evaluated the recommended illuminance and the impacts of direct sunlight under the conditions of overcast sky and clear sky with sun. According to simulation results, they indicated that the alternative toplight system(sawtooth shape) was more effective for daylighting of exhibition spaces than the existing toplight system(pyramid shape) and this study showed a method to evaluate daylighting effects in exhibition spaces with various shapes of toplight systems.


Objective To summarize the clinical experiences of clinical surgical treatment of chomid plexus papillomas. Methods The clinical data of 28 patients who were admitced to our department within the last 15 years and definitely diagnosed as choroid plexus papillomas were analyzed retrospectively. Results Choroid plexus papillomas of 28 patients, 22.5 years old on average, were located at the lateral ventricle in 15 cases,the fourth ventricle in 9 cases,the third ventricle in 3 cases and the cerebellopontine angle in 1 case.All the cases had undergone microsurgical treatment,among which 7 underwent preoperative extemal ventricular drainage; total resection was obtained in 24 cases and subtotal resection, in 4 cases; no surgical monality occurred; some cases developed postoperative complications:there was no evidence of tumor recurrence among the 18 cases followed up from 6 months to 5 vears. Conclusiolls Choroid plexus papillomas are mostly benign, occur predominantly in children and have comparatively flavorable prognosis. Satisfactory therapeutic effects could be obtained through active total surgical resection.

Key words:
Choroid plexus papilloma;  Microsurgery


This paper makes a systemic analysis of the relationship between the Universities' funding sources and performance based on the data of American national universities. The results are as follows: the university funding sources structure including government funds proportion and non-government funds proportion doesn't have a significant effect on the performances of the universities, but the competitive funds structure has a significant effect. Specifically, the proportion of government appropriations has a significant negative effect on the performance of universities, the proportion of government grants and contracts, private gifts, grants and contracts, investment return and other core revenues all have significant positive effects, and the proportion of tuition fees does not has a significant effect. We should encourage the diversification of universities funding sources and the development of private universities in our country, promote the construction of the university foundation and social donation system, nurture and develop enterprise or alumni resources,and enhance the competition and selection of government funds, so as to stimulate the universities to improve their governance and performance for winning more financial support.


Vertical handoff provides continuous and seamless transfer between various wireless mobile networks, which have different data transmission techniques and standards. In contrast to the horizontal handoff, the vertical handoff should consider not only the strength of signal power but also QoS classes, network bandwidth and service types, etc. Most of the previous works proposed the Received Signal Strength (RSS) based methods to set thresholds for making the decision and yielded serious ping-pong effect when the mobile node moves around the overlay area of two heterogeneous wireless networks. The ping-pong effect causes unnecessary handoff and brings several drawbacks, including low network throughput, long handoff delay, and high dropping probability. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an efficient cost-based vertical handoff algorithm to reduce unnecessary handoffs while increasing network throughput, decreasing handoff delay, and avoiding connection dropping. Two primary motivations of this paper include the prediction of node mobility from RSS and the adaptive cost-based competitive on-line (COL) method to determine the optimal network to handoff to from all available candidates. Furthermore, message flows of vertical handoffs between 3G/UMTS and WLAN as well as horizontal handoff between WLANs with MIPv6 are expressed in detail. Finally, the handoff delays are analyzed for the proposed MIPv6 handoff. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed cost-based approach outperforms other approaches in the number of vertical handoffs and connection dropping while yielding competitive throughput.


The effects of cattle liquid manure, treated with Effective Microorganisms (EM) or bactericidal agent, on soil mites of lowland meadow was investigated, with species analysis of Oribatida. Doses of cattle liquid manure 30 m · ha and 60 m · ha increased the crop of green forage, more with EM than with bactericidal agent, while a dose 90 m · ha had no effect. A cattle liquid manure reduced the density of mites, including the Oribatida and comparing to the control plot, but with bactericidal agent reduced the density more than with EM. Among Oribatida Liebstadia similis, Scheloribates laevigatus, Eupelops occultus, Achipteria coleoptrata and Tectocepheus velatus were relatively abundant, while the other species occurred in low densities. The mites lived mostly on the lower parts of plants, and the density decreased with the soil depth.


ABSTRACT A mosaic of basement blocks beneath the Montana plains east of longitude 108° west, has been mapped from 12 Landsat multispectral scanner images. Concentrations of individual linear features are interpreted as lineament zones which reflect block boundaries; blocks and boundaries have expression on maps of geophysical, stratigraphic and structural data. The basement blocks influenced deposition of Phanerozoic rocks, controlled Laramide tectonism, and are the sites of fluid migration. Block boundaries are interpreted to correspond with zones of weakness in basement rocks which were produced by Precambrian plate tectonic interactions of lithosphere plates. Block boundaries have expression on a map of magnetic anomalies and a map of crustal thickness. Although most Laramide displacement on the block boundaries was dip-slip, assemblages of geologic structures suggest there has been at least some left-lateral movement along northeast zones and right-lateral movement along northwest zones. This sense of strike-slip displacement is in contrast with north-trending right-lateral displacement and northwest left-lateral displacement found to the south in Wyoming. But, the two strike-slip domains are consistent with the idea that the Colorado Plateau constitutes a microplate which has interacted with the North American plate along a broad margin. Fluid migration on block boundaries is documented by geothermal anomalies and by patterns of initial gas pressure in the Phillips Sandstone (Cretaceous) on Bowdoin Dome.


There are features of the dynamics of gas-phase ion/molecule reactions that make them unique when compared to neutral/neutral reactions and solution processes. Exceedingly rich and complex chemistry can be observed in gas-phase systems in which a reactant is charged, due, in part, to the relatively long lifetime of the ion/molecule complex that is initially formed. Here possible correlations between final reaction products and geometry-specific complexes that are initially formed are discussed. The chemistry under study is that for univalent first-row transition-metal ions with n-butane, in which cleavage of C-H and C-C bonds is observed for some metals.


MY FREQUENT COMPLAINTS: A DIARY'S CATALOG These summer months at Huddlesfield Parish, I pace the floor & do not put a pen to paper but slubberingly. My essays of dissent are failing; they do not make one bit of sense. I am like the Moth who natters at the flame, only to be caught in the stump by morning. Now I've yet to put myself to bed but reserve these early hours for my diary, long neglected since late winter last. Even the spring has escaped me. I do not recall one blossom, though vaguely I remem ber a vapour transpiring through the trees. A sullen March. A meager May. Whole months proceed by salty murmur & sigh, succumbing as I have to the temptations of complaint. I adore complaint, so long as it is mine:


As a basic aspect to embody comprehensive quality, vocational core competency of software specialty undergraduates plays an important role in the process of their learning and future life development. Based on the related research status, we have defined vocational core competency of software undergraduates and put forward the corresponding strategies on how to cultivate their vocational core competency. We think that the cultivation of vocational core competency will not be completed overnight and its formation will be the result of a long-term cultivation to a greater extent.


History. —On Jan. 1, 1911, at 1:30 p. m., I was called to a negress, iii-para, age 22, unmarried, a domestic in a boarding house who had given birth to a boy at 3:30 a. m. of the same day under the following circumstances: Thinking herself pregnant for but seven months, she had made no arrangements for the birth of this child, as she had had twins about a year and a half ago, both children dying soon after birth. On Dec. 31, 1910, at 11 p. m., while alone in the house, she experienced a sudden pain in the abdomen which made her "double up." It soon passed off, and she thought it was simply cramp. In a short time pains began again, and she suspected that they were labor pains. After four and a half hours a boy was born. She waited till the placenta was born, and


Taste-masking techniques are applied to mask or overcome the bitter or unpleasant taste of active pharmaceutical ingredients/drugs to achieve patient acceptability and compliance. Oral administration of bitter or unpleasant tasting drugs is often the biggest barrier for patient groups, such as pediatrics and geriatrics [1, 2]. Unless the active ingredient is tasteless or does not have any unpleasant taste, taste-masking plays a key role in the success of a final solid oral dosage form. The efficiency of taste-masking is often a key determinant for the success of specialized dosage forms like orally disintegrating tablets and films, and chewable tablets [2]. The mechanisms of taste-masking techniques often rely on two major approaches: the first is to add sweeteners, flavors, and effervescent agents to mask the unpleasant taste, and the second is to avoid the contact of bitter/unpleasant drugs with taste buds. In the past few years, significant progress has been made in the area of taste-masking by applying novel strategies and techniques, such as hot-melt extrusion and microencapsulation.[1,3] The following presents an overview and current status of the industrial approaches and platforms used for taste-masking in oral dosage forms. [1, 2, 4]  Many pharmaceutical companies are switching their products from tablets to fast dissolving oral thin films (OTFs).[6,7] Films have all the advantages of tablets (precise dosage, easy administration) and those of liquid dosage forms (easy swallowing, rapid bioavailability). Statistics have shown that four out of five patients prefer orally disintegrating dosage forms over conventional solid oral dosages forms. Pediatric, geriatric, bedridden, emetic patients and those with Central Nervous System disorders, have difficulty in swallowing or chewing solid dosage forms.[7,8] Many of these patients are non-compliant in administering solid dosage forms due to fear of choking.[9] OTFs when placed on the tip or the floor of the tongue are instantly wet by saliva. This technology provides a good platform for patent non- infringing product development and for increasing the patent life-cycle of the existing products. [10, 11]


Forty-three Dutch rabbits were exposed to a 2.45 GHz microwave for 60-120 minutes (300 mW/cm 2 ) with and without anesthesia. Changes in the anterior segment were quantitatively measured. Eye segment temperatures were measured during exposure. Temporally induced anterior segment inflammation and lens changes were observed. The systemic anesthesia group showed stronger symptoms than those treated without anesthesia. The ocular temperature during exposure was the highest in the vitreous, followed by the anterior chamber and retrobulbar cavity. The acute high intensity microwave exposure temporally induced anterior segment inflammation and lens changes. The influence of general anesthesia on ocular changes should be considered.


CLASSICALLY, theatre of the absurd was a Negation. As typified by the plays of Beckett, Ionesco, and Genet written in the 50's, it attacked conventional modes of perception and expression in order to negate the conceptions which formed and were signified by those modes. Like surrealism, its first goal was to destroy an outmoded vision of reality. Thus, as seemed to befit a theatre of negation, it utilized satire, paradox and surrealistic allegory.The absurdist playwright eschewed any mimicking of surface reality lest he seem to imply its validity — as Sartre writes of Genet, "in order to be sure of never making proper use of appearance [he] wants his fancies, at two or three stages of derealization, to reveal themselves in their nothingness. "I Consequently, absurdist plays usually related only allegorically to the audience's reality.


The goal of this project is to design and build a labeling machine for geoSilica which is a start-up company located in the Eldey entrepreneur center in Ásbrú. GeoSilica specializes production of silica as a food supplement in form of colloidal silica fluid. The project is twofold; the design and building of a manual prototype and also an automatic prototype. The labeling machine is designed to apply labels to bottles which are 300 ml volume; also it is required to be cost effective and easy to use.


In different context, the impact of common performance condition(CPC) on human feasibility is different. The importance of CPC needs determination. On this basis, environmental impact index(β) and cognitive reliability probability(CFP) were corrected. The revised CREAM method was used to predict the cognitive failure probability of monitoring personnel. The results were accurate and reliable.