There is significant interest in Fe-based soft magnetic tbin fihns from both a fundamental materials perspective and due to their potential cxploitatlon in magnetic recording heads. FeTaN thin films have received much attention as they a s excellent candidates for use as pole tip materials due to h~@ saturation magnetisation, good mechanical properties and high comsion resistance [1,2]. We have chosen to prepare a range of FeTa and F e T d films by co-sputtuing fmm separate Fe and Ta w e t s to allow maximum control over film composition. Crydlimty and m i c m ~ c l n r e have bcen invcsligated as a function of both tantalum and nitrogen content with a view to understanding the resultant magnetic properties.


This paper studies the method of applying standardized patients to practical nursing training by analyzing the perception of the learning experience of the students who completed a course in learning from standardized The data were collected using Giorgi method from September 2012 to December 2012. A total of 6 students participated in this study, considering the fact that the number of participants is saturated when the statement is repeated. Three meanings about standardized patient applied learning were identified using Giorgi method: self-confidence, realistic charm and emotional support. Self- confidence was found to mean assurance about the patients and elevation of clinical performance. Realistic-charm meant prompt reaction and fair communication. Emotional support meant establishment of rapport.


Walt Whitman is internationally reputed to be the spokesman for the national identity of America during the throes of the American civil war which represented a shocking experience for the people there. He found that his country was being broken into pieces before his eyes, a matter which moved him to reflect on the American national identity. Such a national concern is exemplarily embodied in his great work Leaves of Grass which celebrates in totality the spirit of American nationalism. This paper explores how Whitman examines the representation of national identity in his poem "O Pioneers! O Pioneers!." In this poem, he encourages and reminds the American people of their past in an attempt to inseminate the sense of social and national solidarity in his war-afflicted country.


The 30-60 day intraseasonal atmospheric oscillation in the equatorial atmosphere, the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), is most visible in its signature of outgoin g longwave radiation and associated convective centers. Diabatic processes related to tropical convectio n and two-way atmosphere-ocean interaction are hence generally believed to be crucial in explaining the ori gin of the MJO phenomenon. However, reliable deterministic forecasting of the MJO in global circulation models and understanding its mechanism remains unsatisfactory. Here a different approach is taken, where t he hypothesis is tested that eastward propagating MJO-like structures originate fundamentally as a resul t of nonlinear (dry) Rossby wave dynamics. A laboratory-scale numerical model is constructed, where th e generation of solitary structures is excited and maintained via zonally propagating meanders of the meridio nal boundaries of a zonally-periodic β -plane. The large-eddy simulations capture details of the formatio n of solitary structures and of their impact on the convective organization. The horizontal structure and the propagation of anomalous streamfunction patterns, a diagnostic typically used in tracing the equatoria l MJO, are similar to archetype solutions of the Korteweg-deVries equation, which extends the linear shall ow water theory — commonly used to explain equatorial wave motions — to a weakly nonlinear regime for sm all Rossby numbers. Furthermore, the characteristics of the three-dimensional laboratory-scale nu merical results compare well with observed features of the equatorial MJO and thus the study provides indirect ev idence of the basic principles underlying the wave-driven eastward propagation of the MJO.


Over the past decade Canadian municipalities have seen the emergence of formalised systemslevel collaborative approaches to addressing homelessness and housing issues. The implementation of such approaches has been widespread and to some extent standardised based on the form of 'community advisory boards' (CABs) created by federal government through the Homelessness Partnering Secretariat. These committees have significantly affected systems-level strategic planning to address homelessness in urban, rural, and remote areas across the country. Despite significant impact and some success, these groups also face challenges related to effective collaboration and governance. There may be benefit to evaluation as well as comparative analysis at international levels, exploring the experiences and lessons of mandated systems-level homelessness collaboration across borders.


The traditional pattern is the cultural sign of the Oroqen ethnic group, which is the concentrated embodiment of the history, society, customs and religion of Oroqen ethnic group. Semiosphere is an important theoretical concept in Lotman cultural semiotics. Starting from the theory of Lotman's semiosphere, the paper interprets the concept of semiosphere and the connotation of Oroqen traditional pattern semiosphere, analyzes the overall characteristics of Oroqen traditional patterns, and provides certain theoretical basis for better protection and inheritance culture.


According to the problem about difficult to identify the nonlinear time-varying system,a new identification meth-od is proposed based on modified Least Squares Support Vector Machines(LSSVM).During the algorithm's training process,the vector base learning and automatic iterative procedures are introduced based on weighted least squares support vector machines,and a small support vector set can be obtained adaptively.Meanwhile the weights are determined by a robust method in order to reduce the effect of the outliers.Simulating for a nonlinear time-varying system,the result shows that the proposed method has a better robustness,sparseness of support vector and a real-time performance.


This study used silica sol, phenol, formaldehyde, etc. as raw materials to prepare silica sol/phenolic resin based on in-situ polymerization. The influence of silica sol content on the viscosity, solid content, and other properties of the composite resin were discussed. The structure and performance of the product were characterized and tested via laser particle size analyzer, infrared spectrum analyzer, thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer, and rheometer. The results show that the viscosity of the composite resin increased with increased silica sol content, and the solid content and the free formaldehyde content exhibited the opposite trend. The laser particle size analysis revealed that when the amount of silica sol was 40%, the particle size distribution of the composite resin was relatively uniform. Fourier transform infrared analysis illustrated a new chemical bond of Si-O-C formed between silica sol and phenolic resin. TG analysis showed that when the amount of modified silica sol was added at a 40% level, the decomposition temperature of composite resin (10% weight loss) increased from 294.8 to 324.4 °C, and the residual amount increased from 55.2% to 60.2%; rheological analysis revealed that when the content of silica sol was 40%, it had better flow properties, creating conditions for the composite resin to penetrate the wood.


This paper seeks to determine if there is a fundamental right of States to be free from economic coercion, against the background of international law permitting economic coercion as a means for its own implementation. After defining coercion and other cognate terms, it surveys the limits to (economic) countermeasures and (economic) sanctions, and determines that any 'sphere of economic freedom' of States is essentially a relative concept, without an irreducible core. Public International Law does not currently establish a fundamental right to be free from economic coercion -- though one should probably be established.


An elderly patient treated with low dose Desipramine developed a delirium while her plasma level was in the "subtherapeutic" range. Delirium, which may be induced by tricyclic drug therapy in the elderly, can be caused by tricyclics with low anticholinergic potency. Therapeutic ranges for antidepressants that have been derived from general adult population studies may not be appropriate for the elderly. Further studies of specifically elderly patients are now required to establish safer and more appropriate guidelines for drug therapy.


This article reviews the development of concepts of chirality in chemistry. The story follows the parallel development of the optical properties of materials and the understanding of chemical structure until the two are fused in the recognition of the tetrahedral carbon atom in 1874. The different types of chiral molecule that have been identified since the first concept of the asymmetric carbon atom are introduced as is the notation used in various disciplines of chemistry to describe the relative or absolute configuration. In the final section, a polemical case for a unified nomenclature is presented.


Commentary on : Jorstad HT, Colkesen EB, Boekholdt SM, et al. Estimated 10-year cardiovascular mortality seriously underestimates overall cardiovascular risk. Heart 2016;102:63–8[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2].

Several cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention guidelines recommend using risk assessment tools to guide treatment in primary prevention.1–3 These tools, however, differ in terms of the CVD endpoints predicted. Although guidelines in the USA and UK recommend tools that predict risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD events,1 ,2 the 2012 European Society of Cardiology's (ESC) guidelines recommend using the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) that predicts CVD mortality risk.3 Since non-fatal events are also important to patients, clinicians and health systems, ESC suggests using a fixed multiplier (×3) to estimate total CVD risk …

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Affected reagent quality,digestion temperature,digestion time and environment and so on factors,determining gross nitrogen in water by ultraviolet-spectrophotometry that generally increase blank value,recurrence of standard curve linearity and measurement result is no satisfactory.The paper studies influence factors,provides guaranteed condition of determination quality,finds method to clear interference.


Little is known about mechanisms of HIV latency in the brain because the cells that serve as reservoirs in this compartment differ from those in the


This paper proposes a novel compact Circularly-polarized antenna with four sequentially rotated elements operating at 280/433 MHz. The radiation body of the antenna is formed by four sequentially rotating arranged mono-pole antenna elements with meander arms. Adopting this element structure can effectively reduce the size of the antenna. To feed the Circularly-polarized array antenna, a compact feeding network based on Wilkinson power divider is also proposed, achieving four-way power splitting and 90° phase shifting. By this way, a sequential rotation array antenna with compact size (0.21λ0× 0.21λ0 × 0.006λ0), ease of integration, low fabrication cost and good performance is realized.


We introduce a natural notion of determinants in matrix JB -algebras, i.e. for hermitian matrices of biquaternions and for hermitian matrices of complex octonions. We establish several properties of these determinants which are useful to understand the structure of the Cartan factor of type 6. As a tool, we provide an explicit description of minimal projections in the Cartan factor of type 6 and a variety of its automorphisms.


In this paper, we aim to solve the obstacle-avoidance problem using the vibrating potential method (VPM). The obstacle-avoidance problem is famous inthe field of a navigation of automatically guided vehicles (AGV). There are many kinds of behavior for a group of AGVs such as forward and backward movement, rotation, fission, fusion, avoidance of obstacles and passing through free-form narrow paths. Since these types of behavior are capable of changing according to the environmental surroundings of the AGVs or their goals, the problem can be described using three systems : "Obstacles, " "AGVs" and "Goals". For this problem, we use the VPM to obtain a strategy for achieving a goal for each AGV. In the VPM, an environment is constructed by means of a wave motion propagated from the obstacles, AGVs and goals. These subsystems of the obstacle-avoidance problem system interact with each other through the information from the detected wave motion from the environmental surroundings. Using a VPM, each AGV can decide upon its movement through detection of wave motion from the environment surroundings without specific problem-oriented programming. Furthermore, the movement of a group of AGVs is represented in computer simulations for such situation as approaching behavior for each goal, avoiding obstacles and fission and fusion behavior.


Objective To investigate the value of early diagnosis of Ischemic modified albumin in patients with acute Ischemic Cerebral stroke.Methods Albumin cobalt binding(albumin cobalt binding,ACB) test was used with the Hitachi7600-110 full automatic biochemical analyzer to detect modified albumin concentration in serum among 86 cases of patients with acute ischemic stroke,52 cases of ischemic cerebral apoplexy convalescent patients and 30 normal controls of ischemia,its positive rate was calculated,comparative analysis was conducted.Results Patients with acute ischemic stroke of serum ischemia modified albumin in the positive rate was 57.0%,and the recovery period(3.8%) and normal controls(0),the positive rates increased significantly,the difference was statistically significant(P0.01),and the recovery period of ischemia modified albumin in serum of patients with positive rate of 3.8% and normal controls(0) comparison of positive rate,the closer,the difference was not statistically significant(P0.01),serum ischemia-modified albumin levels were positively correlated with ischemia.Conclusion The detection of serum levels of IMA had important value in early diagnosis of ischemic cerebral stroke.


A massive new self-contained city is being built in the Philippines and its developers want a Fire and Ambulance Service that will ensure the highest possible quality of life and services for residents and workers. But how do you set up a brand new service from nothing? PAT COX explains how this rare opportunity to build a Fire Service by adopting the best of various countries' systems has been tackled.


Nano-crystalline porous silicon (PSi) is formed by electrochemical etching of Si substrate in hydrofluoric acid (HF). It consists of an interconnected network of silicon nanostructures, which exhibits a quite broad size distribution. The size of the Si nanostructure within PSi after initial formation may be decreased further by chemical dissolution in hydrofluoric acid. This dissolution can be made faster by illuminating PSi with visible light, which is absorbed by PSi. However, no real control of this photo-dissolution process was ever reported. Here, we propose an in-situ method to control the progress of photo-dissolution as a function of illumination time. Moreover, further control is provided by using different wavelengths for the illumination, which are absorbed differently by the PSi nanostructure when quantum confinement arises. Figure 1 shows the time evolution of the photocurrent of a reverse-biased HF/PSi/p-Si junction under illumination at 405 nm. The photocurrent of such junction results from the carriers photo-generated in the Si substrate only. Carriers photo-generated in the PSi layer do not contribute to the photocurrent [1]. Thus, the observed photocurrent is a signature of the absorption of the illumination wavelength (405 nm here) in PSi. Three stages are clearly seen in Fig. 1. During the first plateau (step 1), most of the incident beam is absorbed in PSi and the photocurrent is very low. Then, as PSi gets dissolved, more light can reach the substrate and the photocurrent increases (step 2). Finally, when all the nanostructures absorbing at 405 nm within PSi have been dissolved, the photocurrent saturates (step 3) and is a measure of the incident light intensity. Thus the progress of the photo-dissolution of PSi can be controlled. This method will be used to tailor PSi luminescence and to investigate the kinetics of PSi dissolution in HF.


(57) comprising a housing having an Abstract external excitation light source, optical detection and alignment device is provided. The excitation light is reflected to the aspheric lens, and for transmitting the light emitted by the fluorophore which is excited by the excitation light, an optical element, the emitted light, of the optical fiber which acts as a confocal aperture It means for condensing lens for condensing to the inlet, and the housing, moves accurately over a small area on the channel of the microfluidic device. The optical detection and alignment device, the detection of fluorophore of the channel between the operations center of the identification and the fluorescent signal of the channel is involved, find use.


This study is intended to analyze and describe the urgency of campus life ethics policy at the Faculty of Law and how ethical policy constraints campus life at the Faculty of Law. The study also aims to find obstacles in implementing the Campus Life Ethics Policy at the Faculty of Law. The concepts and theories in this study are the basic concepts of ethics and policy theory, policy implementation, legislative hierarchy, ethics, and legal system theory according to Lawrence Friedman. This type of research is a sociological juridical study with a qualitative research approach. Sources of research data come from primary data (interviews) and secondary data (literature studies and documentation). The data collection technique of this study used observation, interviews, and study of documents. This study found and revealed that there are two factors (internal and external) affected to student behaviors. Internal factors include character of students themselves, student habits, apathetic cultural factors inherent in students, and external factors include incomplete facilities, lack of in-depth socialization, lack of supervision and strict enforcement as well as interference from outside UNNES. The study concluded that the Campus Life Ethics at the Faculty of Law UNNES is able to be realized with in-depth socialization of the Regulations Chancellor Number 44 of 2018 is accompanied by supervision and strict enforcement of sanctions.


The invention discloses an engine air inlet pipeline and relates to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing. The engine air inlet pipeline comprises an air inlet chamber which is defined by an engine cover and an engine cover lining plate arranged below the engine cover. Air inlets are formed in the two sides of the engine cover. An air inlet grating is arranged on each air inlet. A locating boss is arranged on the engine cover lining plate. A mounting hole is formed in the locating boss. The air inlet chamber extends into the mounting hole to be communicated with an air inlet pipe connected with the locating boss and an air filter. An air outlet pipe of the air filter is communicated with the engine air inlets. The engine cover lining plate is provided with a water blocking ring at the connection portion of the locating boss and the air inlet pipe. Compared with the prior art, the engine air inlet pipeline is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, good in dust removing and water removing effect and small in air inlet resistance, most impurities such as raindrops and dust with large diameters can be effectively prevented from directly entering the air filter along the locating boss mounting hole, the service life of an air filter element of the air filter is prolonged, the fact that an engine is not damaged is guaranteed, and service life is long.


Objective To prepare the conjugate of ACPS and outer membrane protein complexes (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis ( Nm ) and to study its immunogenicity was OMPC purified from the strain 3407 or 542852. Methods OMPC was purified on Sephacryl S 300 HR after the cultural supernatants were precipitated by 70% ammonium sulfate. ACPS was conjugated to OMPC of serogroup B (BOMPC) by carbodiimide mediated condensation. Mice were respectively immunized by the conjugates, unconjugated ACPS, BOMPC and simple mixture of ACPS and BOMPC in the same procedure, then the immunogenicity of the conjugates was determined by ELISA, bactericidal test and Western blotting. Results The immunogenicity of the conjugates was enhanced by 21 to 320 times as large as the unconjugated ACPS or the simple mixture of ACPS and BOMPC. The effect of conjugation of ACPS to the strain 3407 OMPC was better than that to the strain 542852 OMPC. Antisera evoked by BOMPC ACPS conjugates not only possessed a stronger bactericidal activity to the serogroup A strains (29019) and the serogroup B strains (3407, 542852, 29021) but also showed broadly cross reactions to other eight serogroup B strains of different bacterial types. It was primarily found by Western blotting analysis that the sera elicited by the above conjugates obviously reacted with M ?r?42000, 39000 and 26000 proteins in OMPC. Among the reactive bands, the 42kD protein was classⅠOMP. Conclusion The above conjugates not only possessed strong immunogenicity of Nm serogroup A and serogroup B but also enhanced the immunogenicity of ACPS to mice.


The system model «high power ion beam – metal» is suggested. Regularities of impulse formation of mechanical load in the volume of metal target subjected to the action of ion beams of different component composition in the range of power density 107...1010 W/cm2 have been considered. The influence of generation mechanisms on the profile and amplitude-to-time parameters of shock-wave excitation is studied.


The objective of the study was to analyze possible differences with regard to different rearing behaviors expressed by fathers and mothers on the socialization of sons and daughters during late adolescence and young adulthood. Participants were 193 students from the University of Granada, 149 of them being women and 44 men. They completed the Questionnaire on Rearing Practices (Supple, Peterson & Bush, 2004), which assesses six dimensions of parenting, regarding the father and the mother: Support, Positive Induction, Monitoring (Behavioral Control), Autonomy Granting, Punitiveness and Love Withdrawal. Results indicate that sons and daughters perceived a different parenting style by the father, but only in two of the dimensions evaluated (Positive Induction and Punitiveness). However, they did not perceived in a different way maternal parenting (only Love withdrawal approached the significance). With regard to the possible differences in parenting behaviors by foster parents, mothers performed higher levels of Induction, Monitoring and Support with both sons and daughters. The only dimension of parenting behavior in which father scores were higher than mother's was Autonomy Granting with male children, but without reaching the statistical significance. Finally, regarding to the use of inappropriate methods of discipline, mothers showed a greater level of Punitiveness with daughters than fathers, while in the case of the male children mothers also scored significantly higher than parents on Love withdrawal.


Scintillation and waveshifter materials have been developed for the detection of ionizing radiation in an STTR program between Ludlum Measurements, Inc. and the University of Notre Dame. Several new waveshifter materials have been developed which are comparable in efficiency and faster in fluorescence decay than the standard material Y11 (K27) used in particle physics for several decades. Additionally, new scintillation materials useful for fiber tracking have been developed which have been compared to 3HF. Lastly, work was done on developing liquid scintillators and paint-on scintillators and waveshifters for high radiation environments.


Summary

A two-dimensional and a three-dimensional cylindrically symmetric model are used to determine the change in equilibrium position of a phase boundary when horizontally varying loads are applied at the Earth's surface. Under the assumption that the phase boundary motion is relatively small, the problem is reduced to a linear integral equation that is solved by integral transform techniques. The results of the study show that: (1) the effects of the elastic deformations caused by the phase boundary motion are negligible as long as the surface load contains only large wavelengths (compared to the depth of the phase boundary); (2) the conclusions reached with one-dimensional models on the amplitude of the phase boundary motion are valid in the regions where the load does not vary rapidly over distances of the order of the phase boundary depth; (3) these models confirm the conclusions of one-dimensional models on the importance of phase changes in the lithosphere for explaining the subsidence of geosynclines and basins under the load of accumulating sediments when the scale of these features is larger than 200–300 km.


Purohit, Hemant. Ph.D., Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Wright State University, 2015. Mining Behavior of Citizen Sensor Communities to Improve Cooperation with Organizational Actors. Web 2.0 (social media) provides a natural platform for dynamic emergence of citizen (as) sensor communities, where the citizens generate content for sharing information and engaging in discussions. Such a citizen sensor community (CSC) has stated or implied goals that are helpful in the work of formal organizations, such as an emergency management unit, for prioritizing their response needs. This research addresses questions related to design of a cooperative system of organizations and citizens in CSC. Prior research by social scientists in a limited offline and online environment has provided a foundation for research on cooperative behavior challenges, including 'articulation' and 'awareness', but Web 2.0 supported CSC offers new challenges as well as opportunities. A CSC presents information overload for the organizational actors, especially in finding reliable information providers (for awareness), and finding actionable information from the data generated by citizens (for articulation). Also, we note three data level challenges–ambiguity in interpreting unconstrained natural language text, sparsity of user behaviors, and diversity of user demographics. Interdisciplinary research involving social and computer sciences is essential to address these socio-technical issues. I present a novel web information-processing framework, called the Identify-MatchEngage (IME) framework. IME allows operationalizing computation in design problems of awareness and articulation of the cooperative system between citizens and organizations, by addressing data problems of group engagement modeling and intent mining. The IME framework includes: a.) Identification of cooperation-assistive intent (seeking-offering) from short, unstructured messages using a classification model with declarative, social and contrast pattern knowledge, b.) Facilitation of coordination modeling using bipartite matching of complementary intent (seeking-offering), and c.) Identification of user groups to


Objective To investigate the effect of a nonselective endothelin antagonist bosentan on the myocardial microvascular vessels in DOCA- Salt hypertensive rats. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rat s were unilaterally nephrectomized, randomly divided into three groups. One gr oup served as controls, drinking tap water. Two groups were administered DOCA s ubcutaneously (50 mg/kg·week), and fed with 1% saline, receiving placebo or bos entan (100 mg/kg·d) for 4 weeks. Density of arterioles (20 μm in lumen dia meter) were determined in the myocardium using immunolabelling with anti-smooth muscle α-actin antibody, and capillaries with an anti-laminin antibody. Results Systolic blood pressure was (122±5)\{mm Hg\} in unilaterall y nephrectomized rats (UniNx), (180±8)\{mm Hg\} in DOCA-salt (P005 ve rsus UniNx), and (162±8) \{mm Hg\} in bosentan treated DOCA-salt (P0 05 vs UniNx or DOCA- salt). Arteriolar and capillary densities were significan tly altered in subendocardial myocardium. Arteriolar density was (16.5±088)m m\+\{-2\} in UniNx, (2802±076)mm\+\{-2\} in DOCA-salt (P001 versus UniNx ) and (23.64±082)mm\+\{-2\} in bosentan-treated DOVA-salt(P00 1 versus UniNx or DOCA-salt). Capillary density per square millimetre was (2 450±117)\+\{-2\} in UniNx, (1 823±110)mm\+\{-2\} in DOCA-salt (P001 versus UniNx ) a nd (2 098±134)mm\+\{-2\} in bosentan-treated DOCA-salt(P001 versus Uni Nx or DOCA-salt). Conclusion In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, bot h subendocardial arteriolar growth and capillary rarefaction were found in left ventricular myocardium, which were partially improved by ET-1 receptor antagonist. This finding suggests a role for endothelin-1 in cardiac arteriol ar growth and capillary rarefaction,which may have pathophysiological implications in myocardial ischemia in hyperte nsion.


using thioanisole and p -toluenesulfonamide as test substrates. Indeed, selective formation of the sulfilimine was observed when bromide was used as the mediator and MeOH as the base. In addition, bromide and MeOH also served as supporting electrolyte and solvent, which allowed for an extremely efficient use of the reactants.


Semi organic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal L-Lysine 4-nitrophenolate (LLPNP) monohydrate was grown by slow evaporation technique. The grown LLPNP crystal was subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction. Solubility of the LLPNP was carried out for different temperature. Thermal stability of the grown material was carried out by TG/DTA analysis. The hardness of the material was found by Vickers micro hardness technique. Laser damage threshold value was determined by Nd: YAG laser. SHG efficiency was determined by Kurtz Perry Powder SHG technique.


The article discusses the idea of implementing a competence activity approach to teachers' training that involves changes in the content, forms and methods of educational activity of students as well as a radical transformation of teachers' activities aimed at developing students' experience in creative self-actualization. The author presents this approach in the context of a new scientific area noosphere pedagogy, which she understands as a revival of spiritual culture through moral values of a self-actualized personality. Particular significance in this context acquires personal experience of self(realization, self-identity, which is based on emotional attitude to the work. Focusing on psycho-pedagogical knowledge the paper presents a model of creative self-actualization in the system of vocational teacher education at the University.


Objective To discuss the clinic differences among arthroscopic reconstructions of partial, single-bundle and double-bundle ACLs after ACL injury of the knee. Methods A total of 56 cases of ACL arthroscopic reconstruction were involved in this study, including 11 partial reconstructions, 25 single-bundle ones and 20 double-bundle ones. The IKDC2000, Tegner and Lysholm evaluations were performed for every patient pre- and postoperatively. KT-2000 and Back Pushing KT-2000 measurements were also done. Paired t-test was used to analyze the IKDC, Tegner and Lysholm scores before operation and at follow-up time. Mann-Whitney was used to analyze KT-2000 results. Results Follow-up time averaged 19.84± 5.03 months (13 to 22 months) . Paired t-test showed the IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner scores were significantly improved after operation. Back Pushing KT-2000 Measurement showed double-bundle ACL reconstruction restored the knee stability better than single-bundle technique, and partial ACL reconstruction resulted in the best outcome among the 3 groups. Normal KT-2000 measurement failed to detect any significant difference among them. Conclusion Partial ACL reconstruction can restore the knee stability better than the double-bundle reconstruction, and the double-bundle ACL reconstruction better than the single-bundle one. Back Pushing KT-2000 Measurement may have important value in knee stability analysis for partial and double-bundle ACL reconstructions.

Key words:
Anterior cruciate ligament;  Rupture;  Reconstruction


Social blog is one of the journalism media currently used by ordinary citizens to
express their aspirations. It starts from simply as a writing hobby up to serious
writing to promote democracy and strengthen the freedom of information. Yet, the
content of the products generated by citizen journalism still face the issues of
quality and ethics which are often violated by the citizen journalists. As the
largest social blog in Indonesia and Asia, Kompasiana also practices citizen
journalism. It produces hundreds of posts every day including news written by
ordinary citizens but read and taken as references by a lot of people. It is
interesting to study how to present law news in Kompasiana social blog from
January to October 2012? The purpose is to see the news production at this social
blog in terms of quality and ethics of citizen journalism. The method used is
quantitative content analysis. The results showed that characteristics of law news
on Kompasiana social blog are generally concise, conversational and easily read
and understood though only little news provides hyperlinks, as additional
information for the readers. Interaction between kompasianer (news writer) and
the readers also takes place with many comments in the news. This means that
strengthening freedom of information and expressions and democratic process
also take place. However, there are few comments that often attack those who
involve in a reported case not objectively. Criticism and differences of opinion
about certain news also occur leading to misunderstandings and ends in conflicts
and comment war among them. Citizen journalism ethics which are likely to be
violated by the citizen journalist is quoting other people�s work without
mentioning source. Besides, they also do not write down the source of the law
violation obtained. Yet, both ethic violations are relatively very few.


INTRODUCTION accidents as a result of heavy traffic load. Patients The femur is the longest, strongest, and heaviest tubular involved in such accidents are mostly of younger age bone in the human body and one of the principal load group (<40 years). Whereas femoral fractures in older 1 patients are usually as a result of low energy trauma, and bearing bones in the lower extremity . Fractures of the mostly involve the proximal femur and trochanteric and femoral shaft often result from high energy forces such 2 neck region. Consequently the management of these as motor vehicle collisions . fractures also depends upon the part of bone involved. Therefore, data were collected retrospectively. The incidence of femoral fractures is reported as 1-1.33 fractures per 10,000 population per year (1 case per The aim of this study was to assess the effect of age on 10,000 population). In individuals younger than 25 years the incidence of femur fractures in different age groups. and those older than 65 years, the rate of femoral Such surveys enhance our knowledge of characteristics fractures is 3 fractures per 10,000 population annually. of fractures obviously, but perhaps of a more immediate These injuries are most common in males younger than and practical import is that the epidemiological approach 30 years. Causes may include automobile, motorcycle, to them enables us to gain an insight into their etiology or recreational vehicle accidents or gunshot wounds. 5 and thereby forming the basis for their prevention . Eighty percent of patients 35 years of age or older with femur fractures due to moderate trauma had prior PATIENTS AND METHODS evidence of generalized osteopenia or a condition likely 3 This was retrospective study from January 2009 to April to cause localized osteopenia . The average number of 2011 carried out in the department of Orthopaedic days lost from work or school from femoral fractures is 4 surgery and Traumatology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, 30 . Rawalpindi. Patients' data were collected from the record register of the accident and emergency department. All Incidence of femoral shaft fractures is increasing in the patients who presented with closed fractures of femur Pakistan every year due to increased motor vehicle FREQUENCY OF FEMORAL FRACTURES; COMPARISON IN PATIENTS LESS THAN AND MORE THAN 40 YEARS OF AGE


PurposeDrawing on cognitive theories of information and democracy, this paper argues that carefully designed voting advice applications (VAAs) strengthen voter competence by matching voters' preferences on important policy issues with parties' relevant positions on those issues.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the causal effect of information acquisition on voting willingness, we employed a lab experiment on the pioneering VAA program in Taiwan: iVoter. Our participants consisted of 120 undergraduates who were randomly assigned to be treated (two groups) or controlled (one group). Each participant of the respective treatment groups was provided with full or partial information. The purpose was to identify the ideological distance between the participant and the respective political parties. Individuals in the control group did not receive the respective information prior to their decision on whether to vote or not.FindingsThose who received full relevant information were most willing to vote in the forthcoming elections. We furthermore found VAA utilization to be positively associated with other aspects of democracy, such as political enthusiasm, civic duty and political efficacy.Originality/valueThis paper aims to contribute to the development of VAAs and to democracy as a whole by confirming a causal link between receiving relevant information and voting willingness.


Three of the forms and assumptions of moral practice are that moral judgements are truth-apt, sometimes true, and that they express moral beliefs. Vindicating these assumptions seems inconsistent with expressivism as traditionally conceived. However, minimalist accounts of truth-aptness, truth, and belief may help the expressivist. Minimalism says that the correct account of a notion is revealed by all and only those platitudes surrounding it. Practical expressivists accept that moral sentences satisfy truth-aptness, and they also accept that moral sentences are truth-apt. This helps expressivism secure truth-aptness, but also encourages the thought that there is nothing distinctive in the expressivist position. But creeping minimalism can be resisted since there is a robust sense of belief that resists minimalism. It is in this robust sense that expressivists will deny (and descriptivists accept) that the meaning of moral judgements is to be explained in terms of their expressing moral beliefs.


A simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of inorganic and total mercury in biological samples directly from slurries prepared in water has been developed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. The method does not require any standing time or heating of the slurries. Samples are simply mixed with water and measurement can be carried out immediately. For inorganic mercury determination, no additional preparation is required. For total mercury determination the samples have to be oxidized previously with a 2% m/v KMnO4 solution for 2 minutes. After that, the measurement can be carried out similarly to that for inorganic mercury determination. The methylmercury concentration can be calculated as the difference between total and inorganic mercury. The greatest advantage of this method is that only a minimum of reagents and sample handling steps are required, which stands as a prerequisite for accurate results in routine analysis, particularly for the determination of mercury. The results were in good agreement with the 95% confidence level of the certified or close to the informed value for the reference materials investigated. The relative standard deviation was better than 7% for most of the samples. The limits of detection in the sample were determined as 0.020 and 0.016 µg g−1 for inorganic and total mercury, respectively.


Analyze the institutions,degree of freedom,kinematic and dynamics on parallel kinematics and micro-drive platform based on 3-PRP in a flat,built the kinematic and dynamics model,and analyze the controllability and observability to the platform in accordance with mathematical models.The platform is controlled completely in theory,and provides theory base for a correct choice of the plane with platform design structure and parameter,and for the implementation of the control of platform.


Abstract : The U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center's (CERC) Field Research Facility (FRF), located on 176 acres at Duck, North Carolina, consists of a 561-meter-long research pier and an accompanying office building. The FRF site is near the middle of Currituck Spit along a 100-kilometer unbroken stretch of shoreline that extends south from Rudee Inlet in Virginia to Oregon Inlet in North Carolina. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Currituck Sound and mainland to the west. The facility is designed to (1) provide a rigid platform for measuring waves, currents, water levels, and bottom elevations, especially during severe storms; (2) provide CERC with the field experience and data to complement laboratory studies and the evaluation of numerical models; (3) provide a manned field facility for testing new instrumentation; and (4) serve as a permanent field base of operations for physical and biological studies of the site and adjacent region. This report, the first in a series of annual reports, summarizes the results of the first two complete years (1978 and 1979) of basic measurements; available data for 1977 are also included. The report is organized such that descriptions of the instrumentation (Sec. III) and data collection and analysis procedures (Sec. IV) precede reporting of the data (Sec. V). Section VI describes the procedure for obtaining additional data. Although this is intended as a stand-alone document, references should be consulted for details of some procedures and instrumentation.


Many SBEs trade internationally. This study examines some critical factors that affect SBEs when they trade internationally. A qualitative study involving extensive literature search and case studies are used to inform this study. The findings indicate a lack of a theoretical framework to explain internationalisation by SBEs. Most of the literature on internationalisation is based on large corporations. As new opportunities are unfolding for some SBEs, many find differences in cultures/ languages /and business practices, finding reliable business partners, getting paid promptly and fluctuating exchange rates as big challenges as they trade overseas.

The purpose of this study is to report on the findings of an exploratory and qualitative research undertaken to explain the internationalising behaviour and experiences of SBEs. The study aims to contribute to small enterprise research by investigating the critical factors that influence the behaviour of SBEs when they trade internationally.


A purification and decolorization process by ion exchange chromatography was developed to refine rhEGF as cosmetic ingredient.D314 was selected as decolorization resin.The purification process was carried out under the conditions as follows: The flow rate was 150.0 mL/h,the sample volume injected was 80.0 mL and the bed height was 10.0 cm.The decolorization process was carried out under the conditions as follows: The flow rate was 60.0 mL/h,pH=5.0 and the bed height was 7.5 cm.The overall recovery yield was higher than 53%.The purity of the final product was more than 32%,which turned out to be white or light yellowish to the satisfaction of the cosmetic standard.


In order to obtain high quality total RNA in Culex pipiens pallens,Guanidinium isothiocyanate method,Trizol method,modified Trizol method,CTAB method and Trizol-CTAB method were used comparatively.Extracted total RNAs from Culex pipiens pallens were tested by using ultraviolet spectrophotometer analysis and gel electrophoresis.Reverse transcription were proceeded after Dnase I digestion.The cDNA sample was used as the template to do the quantitative expression analysis with CYP6F1 primers.Compared to the results of other methods,CTAB method gave the best quality results for the total RNA,high purity and integrity,less impurities and no obvious degradation.The RNA extracted by CTAB method can be used as the template for cDNA synthesis and gene cloning;it can be used for the subsequent experiments.


The introduction of managed healthcare in South Africa was aimed at the reduction of medical costs, which were increasing at a high rate for the past few years, particularly so in a private healthcare industry. Managed healthcare is a system of healthcare delivery, which ensures that costs effective quality care is provided to patients.

*Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.


In the previous report, the author discussed the effect of precipitation on the vertical distribution of soil temperature basing on his own observation. Since a part of the precipitation nourishes the soil moisture under the ground, it is probable that the moisture has an influence on the horizontal temperature distribution of the soil. In order to verify this fact, the author and his collaborators observed the distribution of the soil temperature at 75 cm depth using the method of moving observation. Obsevations were carried out in and around Hoya, the western suburbs of Tokyo (Fig. 1 and 2). The instruments used were thermistor thermometers for soil temperature, boringbars or -sticks, and bicycles for moving (Photo. 1 and 2). Reading of temperature was taken about 10 minutes after putting of the thermometers into the hole at 75 cm depth. Observation were made at about 80 points, favoured with the following three conditions ; bare ground, comparatively soft soil, open and sunny site. Errors of temperature readings due to the time lag caused by the moving were nearly negligible, because soil temperature at 75 cm depth shows neither daily nor interdiurnal change for a few days as reported in the previous paper. In winter, however, the interdiurnal change reaching about -0.1°C was found, so that the author made temperature adjustments by adopting a cross-check method. The meteorological conditions before, during and after the observations are shown in Fig. 3 and 6. The results obtained were summarized as follows In summer (see Fig. 5), 1. Colder areas where soil temperature is lower than 20°C exist along valleys floor with its surroudings, cultivated ground, and forests. 2. Warmer areas (higher than 21°C) are found in urbanized areas and some parts along the riverside. In winter (see Fig. 7), 3. Colder areas (lower than 11°C) are confirmed in urbanized areas and in some parts of the valley. 4. Warmer areas (higher than 12°C) exist in some parts with smaller house-density, cultivated upland and forests. Based on these facts, it may be concluded that the local horizontal distribution of soil temperature has seasonal changes, the regional difference of soil temperature is comparatively larger in summer and smaller than that of the air temperature in all seasons. The distribution pattern is relatively complicated in winter. This shows that the local distribution of soil temperature is more modified by many other factors than the solar radiation, such as river water, underground water, both of which were observed in autumn (Fig. 8). In this paper, the direct effect of the underground water on the soil temperature was not clarified, but the influence of the river water was found to some extent as shown by Fig. 10 and 11. The former was derived from above-mentioned observations of soil temperature distribution in July (T7) and December (T12), 1964. The relationship between temperature difference (T7-T12) and the distance L to the bank from the observation site are shown there. If the temperature difference is explained by the heat flux in the soil and the distance L represents soil moisture, the influence of the moisture on the annual heat exchange in soil can be shown by Fig. 10. In Fig. 11 we can find the correlation between the soil temperature and moisture which were observed in June, 1966. All of the above statements are provisional and nothing but a qualitative conclusion. So we have many important problems to be investigated. In particular, the relationship between the soil temperature and moisture should be studied from the view point of heat and water balance in the soil.


Rice residues are important natural resources, and recycling of these residues improves the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Management of rice straw is a major challenge as it is considered to be a poor feed for the animals due to high silica content. This paper reviews the potential of rice residues and its management options, residue effects on soil properties and crop productivity. On the basis of reported research results by different researchers, an analysis has been made. A rice-wheat sequence that yields 7 t ha -1 of rice and 4 t ha -1 of wheat removes more than N 300, P 30 and K 300 kg ha -1 from the soil; the residues of rice and wheat amount to as much as 7-10 t ha -1 yr -1 of rice residues and overcome the problems for planting wheat. Management options are: burning, incorporation, surface retention and mulching, and baling and removing the straw. Despite some advantages like killing of deleterious pests and clearing the piles before wheat planting, burning results huge losses of N (up to 80%), P (25%), K (21%) and S (4-60%), air pollution (@ CO 2 13 t ha -1 ) depriving soils of organic matter (SOM). This loss of SOM is one of the recognized threats to sustainability. Incorporation leads to build up of SOM, soil N, P and K. The major disadvantage of incorporation is the immobilization of inorganic N. However, N at 15-20 kg ha -1 as starter dose with straw incorporation increases yield of wheat and rice compared to burning. Surface retention of residues increases soil NO 3 - by 46%, N uptake by 29%, and yield by 37% compared to burning. Residue management practices affect soil physical properties viz. soil moisture, temperature, aggregate formation, bulk density and hydraulic conductivity. Soil temperature is influenced through the change in radiant energy balance and insulation. Rice crop residues are highly siliceous, and have the potential of transforming electrochemical properties of acidic soils that reduces P fixation; improving base retention and increasing the soil pH. Rice straw incorporation coupled with organic manure increases grain yield of wheat and improves soil physical condition. Residue incorporation results more microbial activity than residue removal or burning. Thus, if residues are managed properly, then it can warrant the improvements in soil properties and the sustainability in crop productivity.


Abstract : Test results show that air quenched Halcomb 218 sheet ma erial te pered at t p ratures ranging between 1050 and 115 F gav pproxi a ly e u l values for net fracture stre g h, and for cr ck e nsion force. (Author)


Purpose – Since prior research into the effects of multiculturalism on job satisfaction in multinational corporations (MNCs) is rather scant and inconclusive, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature and explain why these results are inconsistent as well as propose a new model aimed at responding to these irregularities. Design/methodology/approach – In the narrative review of the prior research and the proposed model the authors discuss how multicultural settings influence job satisfaction. A Positive Organizational Scholarship (POS) lens is applied to the model. Findings – The effect of multiculturalism on job satisfaction is inconsistent, i.e. the authors concluded that multiculturalism may be positively related to the cognitive component, yet it appears to be negatively associated with the affective one. By applying a POS lens, the proposed model broadens the view on job satisfaction and its links with multiculturalism. Practical implications – The authors' model suggests that managers in...


The present invention relates to a fuel cell system including at least one fuel cell (2) which is connected to the electrical connection line (3, 4), where the fuel cell (2), when an emergency shutdown is required it is possible to short-circuit. .FIELD 1


This report outlines the insights and conclusions of a conference hosted by the United States Institute of Peace's Center for Security Sector Governance from June 30 to July 1, 2011, titled Security Sector Transformation in North Africa and the Middle East. The event brought together geographic and security sector reform (SSR) experts from think tanks and the academic community; officials from the U.S. government, United Nations, and a range of other bilateral donors and international organizations; civil society groups based inside and outside the Middle East; and private sector organizations. The conference explored the opportunities for SSR in the wake of the Arab Spring, considering potential entry points for assistance and the challenges faced by international donors and domestic reformers alike. There was a general consensus that the Arab Spring presented an unprecedented opportunity for democratic change in the region, and that SSR, judiciously applied, could help advance that transformation.


This paper discusses dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) in H264, which has been mostly used as a video decoder. DVFS obtains energy savings by scaling the frequency and voltage rather than sacrificing operation time. The proposed DVFS method was applied to mobile video services, which are sensitive to energy consumption. In contrast to existing methods, the proposed relative complexity estimation method does not require additional apparatus or a complicated calculation process because it uses the characteristics of video.


Geomythology has revealed that the ancient Greeks were aware of the importance of hygiene, and for this reason changed the flow of rivers, drained lakes, and built dams.Excavations in Asia, Egypte and Greece revealed plant seeds. The first mention of the term medicine is attributed to Agamemnon. The drug-poison-antidote citations in the Homeric era revealed pharmacological, toxicological and herbal applications, e.g. Circes' psychotropic herbs and preparations and the use of copper and sulphur as disinfectant. The effect of opium on the central nervous system is evident in the Odyssey. In Minoan Crete, the capsules of the Papaver somniferum L. appear on the statuette of the Poppy Goddess. Hippocrates contributed the evolution of European Medicine and Pharmacy and abandoned theocratic theories. Galen produced drugs from medicinal plants. Despite the progress of chemistry and the industrialization of drugs, herbal medicines are still promoted by companies and the public for self-medication at high rates.


Aged lead-rich, tin-opacified glazes from poly- chrome tiles manufactured in the 16th-18th century were studied to ascertain the structural role of lead. Glaze fragments with white, blue, yellow, brown and green colouring were ana- lysed using non-destructive X-ray techniques, both laboratorial - X-ray diffraction to identify crystalline components - and synchrotron-based. Elemental analyses by synchrotron radia- tion X-ray fluorescence were performed at the former LURE photon microprobe (line D15A at DCI, in Orsay). The instru- mental set-up of beamline BM29 at the ESRF, in Grenoble, was applied to collect X-ray absorption spectra at the Pb L3-edge. Natural minerals and synthetics with known crystal structure were used as model oxy-compounds to configure different for- mal valences and coordinations of lead ions by oxygen anions, and to interpret the effects upon details of X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) spectra. Experimental evi- dence supports the general conclusion that lead is hosted by the glassy matrix, irrespective of the glaze colour. Furthermore, it was concluded that lead ions assume coordinations higher than usual for silica glasses, acting as network modifiers in the silica-lime-alkali glasses of ancient tile glazes.


Alexandratos VG, Elzinga EJ, Reeder RJ. 2007. Arsenate uptake by calcite: Macroscopic and spectroscopic characterization of adsorption and incorporation mechanisms. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:4172–4187. Amachi S, Kawaguchi N, Muramatsu Y, Tsuchiya S, Watanabe Y, Shinoyama H, Fujii T. 2007. Dissimilatory iodate reduction by marine Pseudomonas sp. strain SCT. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5725–5730. Bagi Z, Ács N, Bálint B, Horváth L, Dobó K, Perei KR, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. 2007. Biotechnological intensification of biogas production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 76:473–482. Balci N, Shanks WC III, Mayer B, Mandernack KW. 2007. Oxygen and sulfur isotope systematics of sulfate produced by bacterial and abiotic oxidation of pyrite. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:3796–3811. Bastviken D, Thomsen F, Svensson T, Karlsson S, Sandén P, Shaw G, Matucha M, Öberg G. 2007. Chloride retention in forest soil by microbial uptake and natural chlorination of organic matter. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:3182– 3192. Beman JM, Roberts KJ, Wegley L, Rohwer F, Francis CA. 2007. Distribution and diversity of archaeal ammonia monooxygenase genes associated with corals. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5642–5647. Bender KS, Yen H-CB, Hemme CL, Yang Z, He Z, He Q, Zhou J, Huang KH, Alm EJ, Hazen TC, Arkin AP, Wall JD. 2007. Analysis of a ferric uptake regulator (Fur) mutant of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5389–5400. Besemer K, Singer G, Limberger R, Chlup K, Hochedlinger G, Hödl I, Baranyi C, Battin TJ. 2007. Biophysical controls on community succession in stream biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4966–4974. Boukhalfa H, Icopini GA, Reilly SD, Neu MP. 2007. Plutonium(IV) reduction by metal-reducing bacteria Geobacter metallireducens GS15 and Shewanella oneidensis MR1. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5897–5903. Bryant DA, Garcia Costas AM, Maresca JA, Chew AGM, Klatt CG, Bateson MM, Tallon LJ, Hostetler J, Nelson WC, Heidelberg JF, Ward DM. 2007. Candidatus Chloracidobacterium thermophilum: An anaerobic phototrophic Acidobacterium. Science 317:523–526. Caffrey SM, Park H-S, Voodrouw JK, He Z, Zhou J, Voodrouw G. 2007. Function of periplasmic hydrogenases in the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough. J Bacteriol 189:6159–6167. Cappitelli F, Toniolo L, Sansonetti A, Gulotta D, Ranalli G, Zanardini E, Sorlini C. 2007. Advantages of using microbial technology over traditional chemical technology in removal of black crusts from stone surfaces of historical monuments. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5671–5675. Cassar N, Bender ML, Barnett BA, Fan S, Moxim WJ, Levy H II, Tilbrook B. 2007. The southern ocean biological response to aeolian iron deposition. Science 317:1067–1070. Cheneyh NA, Gavrilov SN, Sorokin VV, German KE, Sergeant C, Simonoff M, Robb F, Slobodkin AI. 2007. Characterization of technetium(VII) reduction by cell suspensions of thermophilic bacteria and archaea. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 76:467–472. Cleaver AA, Burton NP, Norris PR. 2007. A novel Acidimicrobium species in continuous cultures of moderately thermophilic, mineral-sulfide oxidizing acidophiles. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4294–4299. Dandie CE, Miller MN, Burton DL, Zebarth BJ, Trevors JT, Goyer C. 2007. Nitric oxide reductase-targeted real-time PCR quantification of denitrifier populations in soil. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4250–4258. DeLong EF. 2007. Life on the thermodynamic edge. Science 317:327–328. Dillon JG, Fishbain S, Miller SR, Bebout BM, Habicht KS, Webb SM, Stahl DA. 2007. High rates of sulfate reduction in a low-sulfate hot spring microbial mat are driven by a low level diversity of sulfate-respiring microorganisms. Appl Environ Micrbiol 73:5218–5226. Eiler JM. 2007. The oldest fossil or just another rock? Science 317:1046–1047. Elshahed MS, Youssef NH, Luo Q, Najar FZ, Roe BA, Sisk TM, Bühring SI, Hinrichs K-U, Krumholz LR. 2007. Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of Planctomycetes from anaerobic, sulfideand sulfur-rich Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4707–4716. Essén SA, Johnsson A, Bylund D, Pedersen K, Lundström US. 2007. Siderophore production by Pseudomonas stutzeri under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5857–5864. Griffin BM, Schott J, Schink B. 2007. Nitrite, an electron donor for anoxygenic photosyntheis. Science 316:1870. Goulet RR, Holmes J, Page B, Poissant L, Siciliano SD, Lean DSR, Wang F, Amyot M, Tessier A. 2007. Mercury transformations and fluxes in sediments of a riverine wetland. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:3393–3406. Jackson DJ, Macis L, Reitner J, Degnan BM, Wörheide G. 2007. Sponge paleogenomics reveals an ancient role for carbonic anhydrase in skeletogenesis. Science 316:1893–1895. Johnston DT, Farquhar J, Canfield DE. 2007. Sulfur isotope insights into microbial sulfate reduction: When microbes meet models. 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Effects of imposed salinity gradients on dissimilatory arsenate reduction, sulfate reduction, and other microbial processes in sediments from two California soda lakes. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5130–5137. Lami R, Cottrell MT, Ras J, Ulloa O, Obernosterer I, Claustre H, Kirchman DL, Lebaron P. 2007. High abundances of aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria in the South Pacific Ocean. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:4198–4205. Ledbetter RN, Connon SA, Neal AL, Dohnalkova A, Magnuson TS. 2007. Biogenic mineral production by a novel arsenic-metabolizing thermophilic bacterium from the Alvord Basin, Oregon. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5928– 5936. Li J, Romine MF, Ward MJ. 2007. Identification and analysis of a highly conserved chemotaxis gene cluster in Shewanella species. FEMS Microbiology Lett. 273:180–186. Majzlan J, Lalinská B, Chovan M, Jurkovic L, Milovská S, Göttlicher J. 2007. 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Many extrinsic and intrinsic factors have been attributed to increased risk of tendinopathy; however, most research has been done on the tendons of the lower limbs, and very few have examined risk factors for tendinopathy of the elbow. Recent research on tendinopathy has focused on the role of certain genetic polymorphisms in tendinopathy risk, especially genes involved in collagen synthesis and regulation. The aim of this study was to test for a relationship between certain collagen gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and elbow tendon pathology. In this case-control study, 137 young adult athletes whose sports participation involves loading of the upper limb were examined for the presence of structural abnormalities indicative of pathology in the tendons of the lateral and medial elbow using ultrasound imaging and genotyped for the following SNPs: COL5A1 rs12722, COL11A1 rs3753841, COL11A1 rs1676486, and COL11A2 rs1799907. Anthropometric measurements and data on participants' elbow pain and dysfunction were also collected. Participants in the structural abnormality group had significantly higher scores in pain and dysfunction. A significant relationship between COL11A1 rs3753841 genotype and elbow tendon pathology was found, with the CT variant associated with increased risk of pathology.


Highlight: At Manyberries and Stavely, Alberta, Mixed prairie and Fescue Grassland ranges were grazed at various intensities for 19 and 22 years, respectively. In 1973,13 chemical characteristics were determined on the organic matter developed in the soils of the ungrazed and heavy grazed treatments at the two locations. Samples were taken in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Organic matter characteristics at both locations were closely associated with seasonal fluctuations and grazing-induced pressures; therefore, the time of sampling and the type of management before sampling soils should be defined in range studies. The results further emphasize the fragility of the equilibrium under which the organic matter of the soil of heavily grazed Mixed prairie at Manyberries forms and exists.


Abstract The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Regulation (EU) 2016/679 came into effect on the 25 of May 2018 and changed the way both companies and consumers look at the importance of personal data. While the Regulation aimed to offer better protection of personal data, it also posed many challenges for the companies processing such data. A special category of personal data are the health data, considered sensitive data under the GDPR and subject to special conditions regarding the processing. Therefore, one of the main industries that was highly impacted by GDPR was the healthcare industry. The challenges that the industry faces, especially private small health clinics, are unique among the private companies. Starting from the legal provisions that the healthcare industry must comply to under GDPR, the article analysis the main mistakes that heal clinics make, the causes of such mistakes and the main challenges faced by health clinics, with the aim of offering possible solutions for a better application of the GDPR principles in the activity of health clinics for the benefit of both the healthcare industry and the patient.


An amino-silica capillary monolithic column was in situ prepared by polymerization of tetraethoxysilane(TEOS) and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(AEAPTES).The prepared monolithic column was emplyed for the extration of Glutamic acid,and the experimetal conditions for loading and elution were optimized.Under the optimal conditions,a 4 cm monolithic column provided a capacity of 2.5 ng amino acid.Based on the above facts,a new method of amino-silica capillany monolithic column extraction combined with cupillary electrophoesis-laser induced fluorscence spectrometry was proposed for the determination of Glutamic acid.


This paper presents a numerical method for predicting the failure loads of slender reinforced concrete columns bending about the minor axis. The method has a simple algorithm for computer programming, and takes both the geometric and material non-linearities into account. The failure loads predicted by the proposed method are compared with the values predicted by BS 8110 (1985) and EC 2 (1992) for 127 columns in eleven experimental investigations carried out in the past. These columns have a length to depth ratio of 8.8 to 60, a load eccentricity to depth ratio of 0.033 to 1.0, a concrete cube strength of 18.4-50 N/mm squared, a main reinforcement yield strength of 272-520.4 N/mm squared and a reinforcement percentage of 0.64-3.35%. The codes of practice are found to be more conservative for higher length to depth ratios and lower eccentricity to depth ratios while the proposed method is equally accurate for all the length to depth ratios and all the eccentricity to depth ratios. (A)


Objective To investigate the effects of Low-dose and long-term Roxithromycin therapy on the seizure frequeny and Lung function with COPD in Stationary Phase.Methods 60 COPD in Stationary Phase patients were randomly divided into treatment gyoup 30 cases and the control group 30 cases over 6 months.The control group was received oxygen,safe-dose theophylline,Glucocorticoids and bronchial-dilating agents.The treatment gyoup was given Roxithromycin on basis.Then the clinical data and the treatment course were retrospectively analyzed.Results In the treatment gyoup,the seizure frequeny was 13 times in 3 months,26 times in 6 months;In the control group,was 13 times in 3 months,26 times in 6 months.There were significant differences between the effect rate of two groups(P0.05).The same time,Lung function of the treatment group was excellence.There were significant differences between the effect rate of two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Roxithromycin has the effects on the prevention of exacerbations in COPD patients.


In a multi-service environment it is crucial to be able to leverage user behavior from one or more domains to create personalized recommendations in the other domain. In our paper, we present a robust transfer learning approach that successfully captures user behavior across multiple domains. First, we vectorize users and items in each domain independently. Second, using a handful of common users across domain pairs, we project each domain vector space into a common vector space using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Next, recommendations can be performed by recommending the items in any domains that are closest to the user's vector in the common space. We also experimented on what kind of domain combination works well.


Researchers and designers who work with color displays often confronts with the color gamut transform between different display devices. However, there are still deviations in the transformed gamut for other factors. This paper demonstrates the principle in the color transformation and the way the color transformed enveloped is plotted when quantization form is present. Simultaneously, the analysis of error on three-dimensional representation of the color gamut has been given. This paper demonstrates the effect of quantization error on the transformation based on analyzing the color gamut deviation profoundly. The conclusion can be utilized to appraise the quality of the color gamut transformation and can tell whether it is possible to obtain a color of a given chromaticity at a required display panel. Such interdependencies are easily recognized when full three-dimensional representations are available.


LIANG Qi-chao's main idea of aesthetic is taste. The taste means a kind of percipient in art. It is the most different with normal taste is the irrelevance.LIANG just made his modern aesthetic system from it.


The cooperation of supply chain in the connection between rural households and supermarkets is intended to reduce the cost of the supply chain in the connection and enhance the operational performance of the whole supply chain.The co-operational relationship and the different duties in the connection derivatively leads to the modes of integrated connection,contracted connection and enterprise alliance.Different modes represent their own features and conditions,and the choice of proper co-operational modes is beneficial to the stability of the supply chain cooperation.


This paper developed an autonomous fault management focusing to the inspection scheduling planning which was implemented to the advanced small nuclear reactor without on‐site refuelling to assure the safety without human intervention. The inspection scheduling planning was developed optimally on the risk‐based approach compromising between two important constraints related to the risk of action planning as such failure probability and shortest path. Performance was represented using computer simulation implemented to the DURESS components location and failure probability. It could be concluded that the first priority to be inspected was flow sensor FB2 which had the largest comparation value of 0.104233 comparing with the other components. The next route would be visited were sequentially FB1, FA2, FA1, FB, FA, VB, pump B, VA, pump A, VB2, VB1, VA2, VA1, reservoir 2, reservoir 1, FR2, and FR1. The movement route planning could be transferred to activate the robot arm which reflected as intelligent agent.


The study is a minute comparison between four translations of the Psalter into Romanian language, aiming to point out the remarkable achievement of 1673 version. Dosoftei's first ever versifying of this religious text into Romanian culture is unique due to the folk traits of the literary language the scholar used in order to localize the poetic expression of the sacred and to make it more appealing to a large amount of readers. Last but not least, the so-called "profane" image of the newly achieved poem was the author's subtle way to express his political stand-out against the pagan Ottoman empire, looked upon as the enemy of God, whereas the Romanians were considered as wholly warriors.


The objective of the research was to study and show the feasibility of inclusion water extract of the biomass of Siberian larch containing 5 % polysaccharide arabinogalactan in the diet of the heifers of the black-motley breed on the farms of Irkutsk region. In winter-spring period of 2012 there were conducted scientific-practical experiments with the use of standard methods of accounting for productivity and known methods of the study of animal's blood. As a result there have been obtained data testifying to the positive effect of supplements of the heifers 5% water extract of Siberian larch (4 ml per 1 kg of animal weight) in the diet. In particular, there has been revealed the increase in live weight by 6-14 % in experience compared to the control. The dynamics of the total hematological and biochemical parameters allowed to interpret the results taking into account the literary data and to explain the probable mechanism of positive effect of water extract course taking in the period oftransition of calves from colostrum-milk to the vegetable diet. Thus it was taken into account that this period of life of young mammals is especially critical in terms of «immune status» of a growing organism. The amount of total protein when taking the extract of arabinogalactan was significantly higher than 13.6-25% that indicates appropriate level of protein metabolism and is confirmed by the daily average growth rate. The increase in the amount of globulins in the experience up to 57.16% against 46.04% in the control group on the background of lymphocytic leukocytosis in the control indicates a high immune status in calves of the experimental group. Determined monocytopenia in the blood of control animals indicates a high probability of infectious process in the organism of calves.


Epidemiological studies have suggested a possible link between extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and increased rates of certain cancers. One cancer that has been postulated to be associated with EMF exposure is breast cancer, for which increased rates have been reported among electricians. These cancer associations are weak, and the link to EMF exposures remains tenuous. Understanding the mechanisms by which EMFs could have biological effects will help in elucidating the risk, if any, from EMFs. One hypothesis that has received considerable attention involves reduction of melatonin levels by EMFs. This hypothesis suggests that loss of melatonin affects a variety of hormonal processes such as estrogen homeostasis and thereby may increase breast cancer rates. Since this theory was first presented, putative melatonin receptors have been cloned, providing new tools with which to examine melatonin's mechanism of action and the melatonin hypothesis. These receptors are found in nuclear and membrane fractions of cells. The nuclear receptors (retinoid Z receptors) are found both in the brain and in non‐neural tissues, whereas the membrane‐bound receptors are found primarily in neural tissue and have a higher affinity for melatonin. These receptors may control a variety of hormonal and immunological functions, including the release of gonadotropins from the hypothalamus and pituitary and 5‐lipoxygenase activity in B lymphocytes. This Working Hypothesis briefly reviews our current knowledge of melatonin receptors and then provides theories on how the inactivation of melatonin receptors may cause cancer and suggests areas of research for addressing this question. Mol. Carcinog. 21:149–155, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Oxford Archaeology East carried out an open area excavation within a proposed open space next to Zone E of the new neighbourhood, at Beaulieu, Chelmsford. The works were carried out between the 22/8/16 and 15/10/16.
The earliest phase of activity recorded dates to the Late Iron Age and comprises an enclosure ditch, roundhouse ring-gully and posthole, thought to be the eastern extent of an enclosed settlement previously recorded to the west (Site 8).
The second phase of activity is represented by a lime kiln that dates to the transitional medieval (Tudor) period. This kiln is likely to have been used to make the lime mortar during the construction of Beaulieu Palace, located 0.25km to the east.
Extending across the entire site was a series of pits laid out in rows aligned roughly east to west. The pits, of which a large proportion (c. 38%) were subsequently replaced by brick pads, all date to the post-medieval period (17th/18th century). The pads were constructed using broken Tudor bricks similar to those in the lime kiln and found near the brick clamps identified on Site 3, along with roof tile and occasional architectural fragments; indicative of demolition material Their function remains unclear but possible interpretations might be that they formed part of a formal garden or the foundations of a viewing platform.


In the present investigation, carbon nanofibers (CNF) were dispersed in epoxy matrix to form CNF/glass fiber/epoxy composites. Before blending, CNF was oxidated to get more functional groups on CNF and improve the interface combination between resin and CNF, the infrared spectrum was used to test the efficiency. After that, tensile modulus tests were carried on for CNF/glass fiber/epoxy composites with different CNF fractions, the results indicated that there were slight improvements of tensile modulus when adding CNF. At 3.0 wt% of CNF, composites have the high improvement of tensile modulus, but the reinforcement of CNF decreased at 5.0 wt% of CNF. And the CNF reinforcement efficiency was analyzed using modified Coxs model and rule of mixture.


Abstract Looking back the better part of two centuries, it is natural to view Henry Talbot and Hill & Adamson as contemporaries in the development of photography, perhaps even to cast them as friendly rivals, but certainly to place them within the same era. The ways in which the three men undertook to further the art of photography were complex and multifaceted. However, we suffer from a telescoping of history here, for William Henry Fox Talbot in actual fact was in the process of leaving photography just as D. O. Hill was entering the field. Even before Robert Adamson took Hill in as a partner, he shared many characteristics with Talbot, including innate practicality and a highly developed sense of observation. Hill had enormous and genuine respect for Talbot the scientist, freely acknowledging the man who created the very platform for Hill's own new direction in art.


Borders come into existence within nation-states in multiple spaces including prisons, detention centers and through forms of digital confinement. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and biographical interviews with foreign-nationals facing deportation from the USA, this contribution focuses on the possibilities of contestation of deportation and conditions of detention in three spaces of confinement: prison, immigration detention and the use of electronic monitoring for border control purposes in the New York Metropolitan Area. The focus is different from previous work on the links between resistance in prison and in penalized neighborhoods on the one hand, and the strategies of invisibility of undocumented migrants on the other, with its attention to modes of visibility and publicity as strategies to subvert border control and contest deportation. It specifically analyzes the ways in which forms of resistance to the border developed in institutions of confinement can be turned into larger public transcripts of protest, through alliances with citizens and engagements in public arenas that lay outside of prisons and detention centers. These mobilizations are reinforced but sometimes also weakened through strategies of visibility, especially with the reconfigurations of activism through social media and the developments of forms of digital confinement and surveillance.


In this work we explain the integrated spectrum measurements (Braude et.al.,1978—1995) in terms of the synchrotron theory and the the recent measurements of radio fine structure in different classes of sources (Carilli et.al.,1991). This provides a new method of investigating extragalactic radio sources


Twenty‐one recreational polydrug users (age range: 17–34 years), were recruited into the study using the 'snowball' technique (Solowij et al., 1992). All had used MDMA (3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or 'Ecstasy'), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), and amphetamine, on different occasions. They completed modified Profile of Mood States Questionnaires, to indicate their typical feeling states while on each drug. With three of the POMS factors, MDMA was intermediate between LSD and amphetamine, with feelings of energy, confidence and clearheadedness, highest under amphetamine, lowest on LSD, and intermediate after Ecstasy. However in other respects MDMA's mood profile was more unique, with significantly higher feelings of elation, agreeableness and composure, than the other two drugs. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Fault detection in hybrid AC–DC distribution networks is a challenging problem due to various sources of uncertainty and high degrees of complexity. A few well-known sources that instil uncertainty in the system are stochasticity of energy injected by distributed energy resources, noisy or corrupt data, heterogeneity of agents, problems with the automated mapping of equipment connectivity, and partial knowledge of the system. This study presents a distinctive approach that draws upon the use of Bayesian belief network to overcome uncertainties. The key advantage of Bayesian inference methodology is its capability to leverage both causal and correlational data in formulating a plausible conclusion. The proposed method uses state variables produced by distributed state estimation along with data collected from self-aware agents as the main sources of causal information. The rationale for using state estimation is its capability to overarch heterogeneity of AC and DC agents. It is shown that probabilistic graphical models can be employed successfully to detect faults in active hybrid distribution networks. An augmented version of IEEE 13-bus network is utilised to simulate and verify the suitability and effectiveness of the proposed technique.


Simulation is a kind of experimental behavior which runs the model.To some extent,the model's correctness and accuracy determine the simulation's efficiency and quality.But,only a series of correct modeling methods can help modeler to build a set of scientific models.So,based on this point of view, a series of scientific modeling methods are more important than a set of correct models.This paper first analyzes various Chinese and foreign modeling methods in simulation field and contrasts their advantages and disadvantages.Based on this analysis and writer's lots of modeling experiences,this paper puts forward a new kind of modeling thought called as Multi-tier Multi-view Multi-agent Modeling (3M Modeling).At the end,this paper builds a set of simulation models with 3M Modeling method.


This is a qualitative study about Relationship Marketing on the Business-to-Business Market. Using the RM-model presented in Blomqvistetal(1999) "Det kundnara foretaget" Scanias relations with their suppliers were evaluated. The resuch iwoilated that Scania is not current using RM towards their suppliers.


The century-old technology and business model for electricity distribution is under threat. Decentralized technologies and services now allow consumers to buy less power from their local monopoly provider and customize the timing and price of the electricity they do buy. In response, investor-owned utilities (IOUs), which distribute power to 75% of U.S. homes, are urging state utility regulators to take action to protect the incumbent paradigm.This paper is intended to be a primer on the regulation of electricity distribution, the disruptive potential of decentralized PV, and the IOUs' arguments against its deployment. First, the paper examines the creation of IOUs to identify how and why they enjoy de facto monopolies over electricity distribution. Next, the paper explores the ratemaking process and concludes that it is imbued with false precision, and that so-called subsidies between ratepayers are a feature, and not a flaw, of utility rates. For IOUs, competition in the business of electricity distribution is unusual but not unprecedented. The paper then surveys previous competitive threats to the IOUs' distribution monopolies that arose in the 1930s, 1950s, and 1970s. The historical overview concludes with summaries of recent ratemaking proceedings that address IOUs' arguments about ratemaking subsidies.Based on this review of the industry's structure and history, the paper concludes that opening up the monopoly-controlled distribution system to new technologies and services provided by non- IOU entities is consistent with the history and purpose of state regulation. State regulators have understood that, while aligning rates with utility costs is a fundamental ratemaking principle, the ultimate purpose of regulation is to protect consumers, not the IOU. That public interest goal allows regulators to enable competition by requiring IOUs to provide technology and service providers with non-discriminatory access to the IOU ratepayers and IOU-owned distribution infrastructure.


To these short design time scales and to help insure the necessary tester reliability, a Reliability Progrrun was put into effect which parallels the test equipment design phase. A brief review of the Reliability Program is The neces sary input data and'plots of the observed and NET-1 predicted output waveforms are also included. Some of the limitations and problems in using the NET-1 program are discussed. even· more useful .•


Nowadays, mobile communications are evolving to more complex systems and environments, LTE-U is a clear example as it needs to work in the unlicensed spectrum, which is a highly occupied and changing environment. A good solution for the channel selection in this case is using learning mechanisms. Learning techniques provide the systems with the ability to learn from the environment in order to make the best decisions. In this thesis you can find the evolution of the LTE technology until arriving to LTE-U, and also a brief explanation about learning. The project also explores evolutions of a given channel selection algorithm based in Q-learning, firstly finding initial values that make it work better and, secondly, proposing some variations in order to improve its performance.


The crystal structure of the orthorhombic phase of l -cysteine (hereafter l -cysteine-I) consists of chains of molecules linked via NH (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) O hydrogen bonds. The chains are linked into a layer by other NH (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) O hydrogen bonds, forming R 44 ð 16 Þ ring motifs. The layers are linked by further NH (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) O and disordered SH (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) S/SH (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) O interactions. The main effects of compression to 1.8 GPa are to contract voids in the middle of the R 44 ð 16 Þ rings and to reduce S (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) S distances from 3.8457 (10) to 3.450 (4) A˚. The latter is at the lower limit for S (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) S distances and we suggest that strain about the S atom is responsible for the formation of a new phase of l -cysteine, l -cysteine-III, above 1.8 GPa. The phase transition is accompanied by a change in the NCCS torsion angle from ca 60 to ca (cid:2) 60 (cid:3) and small positional displacements, but with no major changes in the orientations of the molecules. The structure of l -cysteine-III contains similar R -type ring motifs to l -cysteine-I, but there are no S (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) S contacts within 3.6 A˚. l -Cysteine-III was found to be stable to at least 4.2 GPa. On decompression to 1.7 GPa, another single-crystal to single-crystal phase transition formed another previously uncharacterized phase, l -cysteine-IV. This phase is not observed on increasing pressure. The structure consists of two crystallographically independent cysteine molecules in the same conformations as those found in l -cysteine-I and l -cysteine-III. The structure separates into zones with are alternately phase I-like and phase III-like. l -Cysteine-IV can therefore be thought of as an unusual example of an intermediate phase. Further decompression to ambient pressure generates l -cysteine-I.


In hot stamping processes, the interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) between the forming tools and hot blank is an essential parameter which determines the quenching rate of the process and hence the resulting material microstructure. The present work focuses on the characterization of the IHTC between an aluminium alloy 7075-T6 blank and two different die materials, cast iron (G3500) and H13 die steel, at various contact pressures. It was found that the IHTC between AA7075 and cast iron had values 78.6% higher than that obtained between AA7075 and H13 die steel. Die materials and contact pressures had pronounced effects on the IHTC, suggesting that the IHTC can be used to guide the selection of stamping tool materials and the precise control of processing parameters.


In today's learning environment, adult learners conduct learning episodes on the Internet meaning they are now expected to approach a self-directed science-based learning endeavor with knowledge of digital tools (digital literacy), knowledge of the science content (science literacy), and critical thinking skills to evaluate online resources (information literacy). Are adults equipped with such skills to discern credible science-based resources? If so, how are these adults discerning credibility, especially when they encounter conflicting science-based information. A recent qualitative study was conducted to delve into these questions. Participants engaged in real-time science-based Internet searches and provided feedback on rationales behind their credibility decisions. Findings from this study provided three strategies to assist those serving adult audiences in ways in which science-based resources might be best dissimilated online, especially when focused on controversial science issues such as fracking and climate change. The three strategies are (a) internally evaluate online resources, (b) conduct a usability study of online resources, and (c) stay dynamic with types of science-based resources and how to best meet the changing needs of the adult populace.


Objectives: Our study was to evaluate the different clinical aspects and early detection of multiple pregnancy and problems of multiple pregnancies in relation to maternal age, parity, gestational age, foetal presentation and position, birth weight, method of delivery, interval of births between first and second baby in twin pregnancy. Methodology: All Mothers were interrogated and detailed history taken regarding last menstrual period, period of amenorrhoea, history of hypertension anaemia, APH, twin pregnancy, mode of previous delivery and other factors. All primigravida were enquired about the duration of their marriage and whether she had taken any medicine for infertility. And all relevant examination was performed like recording of blood pressure, haemoglobin percentage, blood sugar, urine examination, X-ray of lower abdomen and pelvis and ultrasonography of lower half of abdomen and examination of placenta were done. Postnatal examination of the baby was done with special reference to APGAR scores weight of the baby, maturity, soft tissue wasting, measurement of head circumference, chest circumference, crown rump length, femur length and any congenital abnormalities. Gestational age of the baby was assessed by clinical examination with the help of Dubowitz's Chart. Any complication during neonatal period was noted. Results: Data was analyzed by using simple statistical methods with the help of MS-Office software. Conclusions: Multiple pregnancies bear additional hazards both for the mother and the baby. Once diagnosed proper antenatal care with increased rest and nutritional supplement together with through intranatal and postnatal vigilance has much to its credit in lowering both maternal and foetal dangers. Preterm labour and intra uterine growth retardation were the two single most important factors responsible for the neonatal deaths. The perinatal mortality could be reduced considerably if we can achieve birth weight of more than 1.5 kilograms in twins. Thus proper antenatal care, planned delivery with shorter interval between deliveries of two babies and better facilities for care of premature babies can bring about a reduction in perinatal mortality of twin pregnancies.


Emerging concepts like the Metaverse introduced a revolution in research related 1 to virtual reality. Most actors in technology are paying more attention to the study 2 of visual attention which has seen quite the development since the explosive advent 3 of deep learning in the last decade. In this paper, we introduce a simple neural 4 architecture and use a conditional adversarial consistent training approach to guide 5 our neural network. The approach anchors one ground truth scanpath and varies 6 another to improve the consistency of the discriminative network, and thus the 7 predicted scanpath by extension. we also introduce partial connections for the 8 multi-layer perceptron to implement an ordinality inductive bias for the sequences. 9 Our method achieved great quantitative and qualitative results when compared to 10 other state-of-the-art methods.


SPIRAL, the Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) Facility at GANIL, Caen will use the high intensity, heavy ion beams of GANIL for the production of radioactive species by the ISOL method. The Radioactive Beams produced by the target and source assembly, will be accelerated up to a maximum energy of 25 MeV/u by the new cyclotron CIME. Preliminary tests of CIME with stable ions were presented in the previous cyclotron conference at Caen in 1998. Since then, important progress were made in the commissioning of CIME. They are presented in this paper as well as the present status of the delivery of the administrative authorizations which are needed for the production of the first radioactive beams by the facility.


Fourier‐transform mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectroscopy is a high‐throughput, cost‐effective method to quantify nutritional traits, such as total protein and sulfur‐containing amino acid (SAA) concentrations, in plant matter. This study used the spectroscopic technique FT‐MIR coupled with attenuated total internal reflectance sampling interface to develop multivariate models for total protein concentration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), in addition to SAA concentration in lentil. Total nitrogen data from combustion analysis and SAA data from high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis following acid hydrolysis were used for model calibration and validation. Models for the total protein concentration of chickpea (calibration root mean square error [RMSE] = 0.093, R2 = 0.948, prediction RMSE = 0.10), dry pea (calibration RMSE = 0.096, R2 = 0.845, prediction RMSE = 0.093), and lentil (calibration RMSE = 0.13, R2 = 0.845, prediction RMSE = 0.11) utilized infrared regions associated with protein structures, namely amide bands A, I, and II. In sulfur‐related models for lentil total SAA (calibration RMSE = 0.014, R2 = 0.827, prediction RMSE = 0.022) and methionine (calibration RMSE = 0.0075, R2 = 0.815, prediction RMSE = 0.014) models utilized the C‐S and S‐CH3 stretching and bending bands. Study findings support the conclusion that FT‐MIR spectroscopy is a promising high‐throughput and cost‐effective phenotyping technique that will allow quantifying protein traits quickly and easily in pulse crops.


IGeographical distance is one of the most critical communication challenges in global software development projects; that significantly affects the projects' quality, cost, and schedule. Thus, it leads the project toward failure. Mitigation practices may help organizations overcome geographical distance challenges. In the past, the authors of this study conducted a systematic literature review to identify the geographical distance challenges and their relevant mitigation strategies to propose a conceptual framework. It is difficult to explain the exact relationship between geographical distance challenges and mitigation strategies without empirical analysis. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to empirically evaluate the proposed conceptual framework and to analyze the impact of identified mitigation strategies on geographical distance risks. The finding of this study shows that different mitigation strategies have a significant impact on different geographical distance risks with a p-value<0.01. Based on the results, this research can help software organizations to tackle geographical distance challenges by using appropriate mitigation strategies to reduce the software project's failure rate.