The Hong Kong stock market is the third-largest exchange by market capitalization and the second-largest by number of total listings in Asia-Pacific. It attracts investors locally, from within, and from outside Asia. Overseas investors account for approximately 40% of overall participation in the Hong Kong securities market since 2000. This thriving market lures numerous Chinese companies to launch their IPOs in it, and thereby became the top IPO fundraising center in 2009. Despite the negative impact from the debt crisis, the future development of the market seems promising, as the amount of IPOs fundraised thus far this year is about $3.7 billion and several firms are ready to float in Hong Kong later in the year.But this is only what a bird's eyes view reveals. Drilling deeper, a different picture emerges, one where the Hong Kong stock market, rather global as it is in its investor base, is revealed as not being very international in its listings, its longer-term position being therefore less than very firm as other exchanges in the region continue to outpace it in key respects and as the mainland's economy and policies continue to develop and open up. Three central issue areas are particularly worth focusing on:Composition of stock market participants. Foreign participation is high in Hong Kong, as is true also in most East Asian stock markets. This both leads to and results from the region having efficient platform and information systems, well trained and experienced professionals, and good regulatory frameworks. The Tokyo Stock Exchange, largest in the region and one of the largest in the world, also has the most international investor base among the region's major exchanges—dominated by foreign investors to the tune of a 56% share. Hong Kong, while somewhat behind on this indicator, is also rather international in its investor base, with overseas investors' participation in Hong Kong standing at a high 40% which has been stable over time. The Korean stock market has 32.6% investors from overseas. Foreign listings. Despite partial exceptions provided by the Australian and Singapore stock exchanges, Asian stock exchanges tend to have very few foreign listings compared to their counterparts in Europe and North America. Out of the 1321 companies listed on the Hong Kong Exchange by April 2010, 253 companies are from China and only 11 companies are from overseas. This demonstrates the limited external dimension of the Hong Kong stock exchange. For Hong Kong to transit to become a truly international financial center in the medium- or long-term, its stock market needs to have more foreign listings, which in turn requires modifications on primary listing, secondary listing, post listing and international listing rules.Resources companies. A recent trend in the resources sector has been the migration of new listings from producer countries' to consumer countries' exchanges—or more specifically to Hong Kong as the gateway to China. Being part of China, the world's second largest resources consumption country, Hong Kong has thus far been successful in positioning itself as an emerging resources center in East Asia. Initially serving as a venue for Chinese resources companies to raise funds and for foreign investors to tap into the Chinese resources sector, two newcomer resource companies began to float in Hong Kong this January: UC Rusal from Russia and Canadian-based SouthGobi. The resources sector is a niche Hong Kong should seek t establish and develop, as Hong Kong has great potential to be a global mining financing center. But a complex sector it is as resource companies often have a high risk profile: indeed, out of concerns over investor protection and the lack of policies governing the junior resources sector, early-stage exploration companies are not allowed to list in Hong Kong unless they prove the existence of exploitable natural resource reserves and provide a clear production plan. But the potential the sector offers is huge, and with the Hong Kong stock market dominated by financial and property companies, participation from resources companies would help diversify it. Current listing rules for resources companies have to be updated and modernized and the sector also needs assistance from the local authority to conduct more marketing activities.


This paper describes an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 that occurred in central Scotland. Edipemiological and microbiological evidence has indicated that the outbreak was comprised of several separate but related incidents, relating to the lunch (attended by around 100 people) held in Wishaw Parish Church Hall, a birthday party held in a public house on November 23, 1996 and retail sales in Lanarkshire and Forth Valley. All isolates of E. coli O157:H7 from individuals in the outbreak belonged to phage type 2 and possessed the verocytotoxin gene VT2. Two hundred sixty-two of these isolates have been subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE): all had indistinguishable profiles. There were 496 cases in total. There have been 20 deaths (all adults) associated with the outbreak, the highest number of deaths associated with an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infection in the world. Of these, 8 people had attended the luncheon served at Wishaw Old Parish Church on November 27, 1996. The age range of those who died was 69 to 93 years. The outbreak was investigated by the Pennington Group who concluded that the circumstances of the central Scotland outbreak, and the inevitable uncertainties that may surround outbreaks generally, provide strong justification for the precautionary, preventative measures proposed and the recommendations made.


The ever-shrinking circuit device dimensions challenge lithographers to explore viable patterning for the 32 nm halfpitch node and beyond. Significant improvements in immersion lithography have allowed extension of optical lithography down to 45 nm node and likely into early 32 nm node development. In the absence of single-exposure patterning solutions, double patterning techniques are likely to extend immersion lithography for 32 nm node manufacturing. While several double patterning techniques have been proposed as viable manufacturing solutions, cost, along with technical capability, will dictate which candidate is adopted by the industry. Dual-tone development (DTD) has been proposed as a potential cost-effective double patterning technique.1 Dual-tone development was reported as early as in the late 1990's by Asano.2 The basic principle of dual-tone imaging involves processing exposed resist latent images in both positive tone (aqueous base) and negative tone (organic solvent) developers. Conceptually, DTD has attractive cost benefits since it enables pitch doubling without the need for multiple etch steps of patterned resist layers. While the concept for DTD technique is simple to understand, there are many challenges that must be overcome and understood in order to make it a manufacturing solution. This work presents recent advances and challenges associated with DTD. Experimental results in conjunction with simulations are used to understand and advance learning for DTD. Experimental results suggest that clever processing on the wafer track can be used to enable DTD beyond 45 nm half-pitch dimensions for a given resist process. Recent experimental results also show that DTD is capable of printing <0.25 k1-factor features with an ArF immersion scanner. Simulation results showing co-optimization of process variables, illumination conditions, and mask properties are presented.


Background: Currently, sexually transmitted diseases HIV/AIDS have been on increase by the ignorance that possess adolescents on the same and also by the early initiation of the sexual relations. Objective: To expand the knowledge of the adolescents about sexually transmitted diseases HIV/AIDS. Method: An educational intervention in adolescents at "Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz" Urban Junior High School of Camagüey Municipality was carried out from January to March 2007. The universe of study was represented by 30 students of the group 75 to which a previous informed consent of their parents a survey was applied. For the initial diagnosis, in a second time the educational intervention by means of the didactic game To Know If Gives Life was performed, and in a third phase the questionnaire was applied again, that permitted the evaluation of the intervention. Results: Male sex students dominated with a 56.6% regarding to the female sex represented by a 43.3%, the 12 years age prevailed. At the end of our intervention 24 students (80%) responded with an effectiveness of more than the 70% high evaluation and the remaining 20% obtained an average evaluation. None of the students maintained ignorance on the aspects related to the way of transmission and the risk groups of the STD/HIV/AIDS. Data were processed of computerized form by means of statistical measures of frequency and percent. Conclusions: At concluding the intervention elevated level of knowledge on sexually transmitted infections and HIV/ AIDS was achieved and was shown that the didactic game used was a valuable instrument for health promotion in adolescents. DeCS: Sexually transmitted diseases; acquired inmunodeficiency syndrome; adolescent; sex education; intervention studies


In order to promote the sustainable development of thermal power projects,post-evaluation in the practice of traditional project was changed which emphasized the process evaluation and neglected the effect evaluation.The construction performance index system of thermal power unit and the model of DEA cross-evaluation were built which was based on the purpose of sustainable development.The example indicates that the evaluation system and model which are applied to thermal power unit construction performance can emphasize the technology sustainability of project and the target of environment sustainability.


Due to the emerging sophisticated physical attacks on security systems, secure authentication of electronic devices becomes more difficult to attain. Recent research showed alarming vulnerabilities in existing cryptographic systems through side channel and (semi)-invasive attacks. The main challenging problem is the break one break all phenomena. As if one successful attack is found, then it may be deployed automatically on any units incorporating similar implementations. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) were introduced as promising solutions to provide resilient device authentication. However, recent research on PUFs showed that PUFs exhibit several implementation complexity, inconsistency and security drawbacks for long-term use. PUF structures, especially for existing microcontroller low-cost applications showed serious drawbacks and cloning vulnerabilities. The objective of this work is to propose a digital PUF alternative by pure software entities with robustness to side channel attacks. The resulting implementation size is comparable to lightweight cryptographic algorithms. The key implementation idea is based on self-creation of secret unknown cryptographic functions. As the implementation is pure digital, no inconsistency compared to that of conventional PUFs is possible and the resulting system would exhibit a long-term resilient consistency. Due to their pure software implementation the cost per unit may reach zero which is quite attractive for practical cloning-protection in many massproduct applications.


Nemescu and contributors presented a rare case of 35-year-old 8G4P woman which was referred at 13.5 weeks of pregnancy for evaluation of a fetal anomaly. The ultrasound revealed the abnormal shape of the fetus with no distinct separation between the head and the body, an excessive lordosis of the cervico-thoracic spine, an upward turned face, significant shortening of the spine and holoprosencephaly, in an incipient stage. Finally, the pregnancy was interrupted.


The utility model relates to a prickle type electronic connector. The metal contacts at the upper and lower surfaces of the connector are U-shaped prickles, adjacent U-shaped prickles of each surface are scattered and distributed forward and backward into two rows, and a sufficient function space is remained between the two rows, accordingly achieving the purpose of enhancing manufacturing efficiency and removing soldering tin. A pair of auxiliarily manufactured plastic thread pieces of the connector can assistant the assembly of the cable core thread and connector, to ensure the electrical conduction and mechanical match between the cable conductor and the U-shaped prickles.


Mr. Mackay gave the following particulars of the case:Williams, aged 5 years; generally was pretty well, though never a strong child; has not had any illness or any nervous affection. She appeared in her usual health when she went to play with some neighbouring children. About six P.M. on the day of the attack, after amusing herself for some time in running round a circle with her companions, she suddenly fell down and became evidently convulsed. She was taken home directly, the usual remedies were employed, but mithout any effect upon her. The convulsion, which was universal, alternated with profound coma up to her death, which took place at three A.M. next morning.


In the paper, the primary components and work functions of move-in-mud robot were summarized. On the base of analyzing unobstructed moving process of move-in-mud robot, the move-in-mudrobot basic moving process orderliness of keeping away from obstacle was analyzed, and its mathematical model was established. The model can be used as computer simulation study of moving process that keeps away from obstacles, and as important gist of route programming in practical work.


【Objective】To investigate the role of PI3K/Akt signal pathway in transforming growth factor β1 induced epithelia-mesenchymal transition of human peritoneal mesothelial cell. 【Methods】Primary HPMC was harvested from humane omental tissue and maintained under defined in vitro conditions. The protein expression of pAkt was detected at different time point after 10 ng/ml TGFβ1 stimulating. We also examined the expression of PAkt, α-SMA and E-cadherin by western blotting to investigate the influence of Wortmannin, the inhibitor of PI3K, after HPMC promoted by TGFβ1. 【Results】The significantly increase of p-Akt showed up at 0.5 h after induction of TGFβ1, reached the summit at 1 h and decreased gradually. The expression of α-SMA and E-cadherin are markedly changed increased and decreased respectively after 48 h incubation with 10 ng/ml TGFβ1; However, the expression of p-Akt and α-SMA reversed significantly when incubated with Wortmannin and TGFβ1 simultaneously. 【Conclusion】PI3K/Akt signal system involves the process of epithelia-mesenchymal transition of human peritoneal mesothelial cell induced by transforming growth factor β1 and the inhibitor of the pathway may prevent peritoneal fibrosis effectively.


A surface electromyography (SEMG) signal classification method based on wavelet packet transformation (WPT) is presented in this paper. The feature extraction method is analyzed. The energies in different frequency bands selected as robust feature vectors, four types of forearm movement are identified through learning vector quantization neural network. Compared with other time-frequency analysis method, this method has a higher identification rate and great potential in analyzing other non-stationary physiological signals.


This thesis is devoted to the study of extremely energetic short-timescale astrophysical events, Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). GRBs exhibit broad-band bright non-thermal emission, which was analysed using two major experiments: the High Altitude Water Cherenkov observatory (HAWC) and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). The two experiments are in many respects complementary for the observation of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission from GRBs, and in this work the respective advantages were exploited to maximise the sensitivity to VHE signals. After the analysis of several tens of GRBs observed using H.E.S.S. until 2017, where no significant emission was detected, improvements in the observation strategy of H.E.S.S. allowed the detection of GRB~180729B and GRB~190829A. These detections are presented in context with multi-wavelength data, proposing plausible emission mechanisms, thus concluding a decade-long search for these elusive phenomena at VHE.

In the second part, novel methods to improve the accuracy of the HAWC detector simulation are presented, including better modelling of the detector efficiencies and electronics. A model that accounts for the detector response and the GRB flux evolution has been developed to estimate the optimal integration time for VHE searches with HAWC. Thanks to these improvements, it is possible to exploit the wide field of view and high duty cycle of HAWC for the search of VHE emission in several tens of GRBs. Preliminary evidence for emission is found in one of the GRBs studied, and upper limits are obtained for all the GRBs analysed and placed in context of the X-ray properties of these events. Finally, the limits and detections presented in this work are placed within the framework of the current understanding of GRBs and prospects for future and present VHE gamma-ray detectors are presented.


The Cemetery conditions in Ponteh Village, Galis Sub district, Pamekasan Regency do not appear in line and seem messy both from the shaf rows and the kiblah direction of the  cemetery. In this article there are two main issues that are the focus of the problem. First, how is the method of determining the burial Kiblah direction at the Cemetery of Ponteh Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency. And second, how is the accuracy of the burial Kiblah direction in the Cemetery of Ponteh Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency. The location of this study is in three cemeteries in Ponteh Village, Galis District. The method used is qualitative phenomenological approach in the form of descriptive analysis. Research data obtained from interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show; (1) The method used by the community in determining the cemetery kiblah direction is by estimating and beliefs based solely on feelings called the taqribī method by facing westward and then slightly tilted to the north. There is also an excavation of the burial ground following the direction of the cemetery location and the position of the burial ground located next to it. Second, according to the calculation result of Islamic astronomy, the direction of the cemetery Ajih 66o 9 '53.7 "(N-W), the Cemetery of Bângger 66o 9' 50.87" (N-W), and the Cemetery of Kael 66o 9 '48.93 "(N –W). The accuracy analysis result of the Kiblah direction of each cemetery which samples are 50 tombs in groups obtained was the cemetery that using data according to the calculation of Kiblah, for Ajih Cemetery 3 graves (6%), Bânger's cemetery 6 graves (12%) and Kael zero graveyard (0% ). Less to the north of 1 ° -5 °, the Ajih cemetery 14 graves (28%), Bânger cemetery are 26 graves (52%) and Kael cemetery are 11 graves (22%). Less to the south 1 ° -5 ° less to the south, Ajih Cemetery 2 graves (4%), the Bârger Cemetery 3 graves (6%) and the Kael cemetery is nil (0%). Deviation of 6 ° -10 ° less to the north, Ajih cemetery is zero graveyard (0%), Bânger Cemetery are 3 graves (6%) and Kael cemetery is zero (0%). Deviations from 6 ° -10 ° to the south, for Ajih Cemetery 30 graves (60%), the Bânger cemetery are 11 graves (22%) and the Kael cemetery  are 14 graves (28%). And those which stray northward 10 ° and above are not found in all the camps. However, the deviation of the Kiblah direction of more than 10 ° to the south was found in the Ajih cemetery and Bânger cemetery, each with 1 grave (2%), and the Kael cemetery 25 graves (50%)


then the problem is the same as that of the Basque campthat is, dissemination by contact-also that it is not always easy to locate a source of infection, which may be multiple. Public opinion is very divided on the question of inoculations of any kind, and in these days it is not often that a large-scale preventive inoculation could be carried out under a medical dictatorship such as actually existed in this refugee camp. In war time sewerage and water systems may be damaged daily, to the great danger of the uninoculated public at large. It would not be untoward to suggest that a stock of T.A.B. vaccine should be included in our air raid precautions armamentarium. All available civil supplies were exhausted with the first inoculations at the Basque camp, and the Lister Institute kindly worked overtime to supply enough for the second dose.I am, etc.,


The existence of periodic solutions of a class of second order discrete Hamiltonian systems with potential changing sign is studied by using Mountain Pass Theorem,and a series of new theorems are obtained by changing the existence of periodic solutions into the existence of critical points of the corresponding functional on suitable function space.


A construction worker may have agreed to a risky job, but this does not oblige him to follow orders where it is foreseen that the harm risked will materialize. If the worker is directed by his site foreman to climb an unstable scaffold in a cyclone, he is within his rights to refuse, morally and legally, on the grounds that death or serious injury is the reasonably foreseen outcome of obedience. If it is not permissible for civilian employers to enforce compliance with such "imminently dangerous" directives, then why is it permissible for the military? The paper explores various possible answers to this question.


The research of micro-robotic technology is mainly centralized in system structure, kinetic energysupply, control method, communication technology andtreading technology. At present, technology difficulty iskinetic energy and control, there are resolved methods as miniature motor, electric macromolecule polymerultrasonic motor, emulation, solar energy and biologyenergy etc.


There is a fast-growing need in many countries, in particular in the developing world, to come to a greater understanding of the links between intellectual property, trade rules and economic and social development and to find new ways of implementing intellectual property rules and optimizing their effects. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest legal, economic, political and social research and advanced current thinking on the relationship between intellectual property and trade and development. The first part of the book will cover the theoretical basis of the connections between intellectual property, trade and development. It will then go on to provide the reader with options as to how intellectual property rules can be incorporated in the local legal framework and how the positive impact of intellectual property standards can be maximized while minimizing welfare costs. This will include implementation strategies for TRIPS and TRIPS Plus norms, and also the use of measures outside the traditional scope of intellectual property norms. These measures will range from education to the establishment or enhancement of a solid industrial and research base, to fighting pandemics such as HIV/AIDS. Possible economic strategies and proposals are also offered on the protection of traditional knowledge and indigenous resources. Contributors to this volume - Prof. Margaret Chon, Seattle University School of Law, USA Prof. Carlos M. Correa, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies on Industrial Property and Economics Law, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina Prof. Graeme Dinwoodie, Program in Intellectual Property Law, Chicago-Kent College of Law, USA Prof. Peter Drahos, Centre for Governance of Knoweldge and Development, Australian National University Prof. Rochelle Dreyfuss, Engelberg Center on Innovation Law and Policy, NYU School of Law, USA Prof Daniel Gervais, Faculty of Common Law, University of Ottawa, Canada Hon. Jean Homere, US Patent and Trademark Office Board of Patent Appeals Dr Amir Khoury, Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University, Israel Prof. Ikechi Mgbeoji, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Canada Prof. Ruth Okediji, University of Minnesota Law School, USA Prof. Robert Ostergard Jr., University of Nevada, Reno Prof. Jerome Reichman, Duke University School of Law, USA Prof. Anselm Kamperman Sanders, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Prof. Chantal Thomas, University of Minnesota, USA Prof. Peter K. Yu, Intellectual Property & Communications Law Program, Michigan State University, USA


A kind of worm-like aggregates, consisting of very tiny curving tubes, was first found in a residual kaolin deposit at mine 414, Jiangxi Province. The results of several mineralogical analyses show that the single curving tube is composed of gibbsite and metahalloysite minerals. This particular shape of mineral aggregates has not been reported before.


Nef is a 27-kDa myristoylated protein conserved in primate lentiviruses. In vivo, simian immunodeficiency virus Nef is required in macaques to produce a high viral load and full pathological effects. Nef has at least three major effects in vitro, induction of CD4 down-regulation, alteration of T cell activation pathways, and enhancement of viral infectivity. We have used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify cellular proteins that interact with HIV-1Lai Nef and could mediate Nef function. A human cDNA was isolated that encodes a new type of thioesterase, an enzyme that cleaves thioester bonds. This novel thioesterase is unlike the animal types I and II thioesterases previously cloned but is homologous to theEscherichia coli thioesterase II. Nef and this thioesterase interact in vitro and are co-immunoprecipitated by anti-Nef antibodies in CEM cells expressing Nef. Nef alleles from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) isolates unable to down-regulate CD4 do not react or react poorly with thioesterase. An HIV-1 NefLai mutant selected for its lack of interaction with thioesterase was also unable to down-regulate CD4 cell-surface expression. These observations suggest that this human thioesterase is a cellular mediator of Nef-induced CD4 down-regulation.


In the field of artificial intelligence, human computer interaction(HCI) technology and its related intelligent robot technologies are essential and interesting contents of research. From the perspective of software algorithm and hardware system, we try to build a natural HCI environment. Human Computer Interaction(HCI) has been challenged in recent years because of advanced technology requiring adoption of new applications and investigations of connection with other disciplines ,to enhance its theoretical knowledge.


Regarding the question of why we need a theory of class the first thing to have in mind is that class is simply a grouping. As with any grouping of objects such as rocks or birds, the utility of the grouping depends on the purposes underlying the project in the first instance. It is unfortunate for social theory that class is often reified and there are endless, and extremely tedious, debates about the cor-


Abstract Background Tunisia has experienced several West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks since 1997. Yet, there is limited information on the spatial distribution of the main WNV mosquito vector Culex pipiens suitability at the national level. Objectives In the present study, our aim was to predict and evaluate the potential and current distribution of Cx. pipiens in Tunisia. Methods To this end, two species distribution models were used, i.e. MaxEnt and Random Forest. Occurrence records for Cx. pipiens were obtained from adult and larvae sampled in Tunisia from 2014 to 2017. Climatic and human factors were used as predictors to model the Cx. pipiens geographical distribution. Mean decrease accuracy and mean decrease Gini indices were calculated to evaluate the importance of the impact of different environmental and human variables on the probability distribution of Cx. pipiens. Results Suitable habitats were mainly distributed next to oases, in the north and eastern part of the country. The most important predictor was the population density in both models. The study found out that the governorates of Monastir, Nabeul, Manouba, Ariana, Bizerte, Gabes, Medenine and Kairouan are at highest epidemic risk. Conclusions The potential distribution of Cx. pipiens coincides geographically with the observed distribution of the disease in humans in Tunisia. Our study has the potential for driving control effort in the fight against West Nile vector in Tunisia.


With the superior features of lower cost and higher power density, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based adjustable speed drive (ASD) system has been paid much more attentions recently. A high-frequency (HF) model of PMSM is proposed to predict the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) emission, which brings much detrimental affection to the ASD system, in this paper. This model can depict the impedance characteristics of a three-phase surface-mounted PMSM from $0.1 \mathrm {k}\mathrm {H}\mathrm {z}$ to 10 MHz well. Then, experiment is implemented to validate the proposed HF model for EMI prediction. The experimental results manifest that the model is able to calculate CM voltage, CM current, and phase current of the PMSM in a simplified ASD system correctly. Therefore, the proposed HF model of PMSM is expected to provide much more instructions for EMI predicting in the ASD system.


The effect of final-state dynamic correlation is investigated for ionization of atomic hydrogen by 75-keV proton impact by analyzing double differential cross sections. The final state is represented by a continuum correlated wave (CCW-PT) function which accounts for the interaction between the projectile and the target nucleus (PT interaction). The correlated final state is nonseparable solutions of the wave equation combining the dynamics of the electron motion relative to the target and projectile, satisfying the Redmond's asymptotic conditions corresponding to long range interactions. The transition matrix is evaluated using the CCW-PT function and the undistorted initial state. Both the correlation effects and the PT interaction are analyzed by the present calculations. The convergence of the continuous correlated final state is examined carefully. Our results are compared with the absolute experimental data measured by Laforge et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 053201 (2009)] and Schulz et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 052705 (2010)], as well as other theoretical models (especially the results of the latest non perturbation theory). We have shown that the dynamic correlation plays an important role in the ionization of atomic hydrogen by proton impact. While overall agreement between theory and the experimental data is encouraging, detailed agreement is still lacking. However, such an analysis is meaningful because it provides valuable information about the dynamical correlation and PT interaction in the CCW-PT theoretical model.


Purpose: To evaluate the time delay in respiratory gated CT scanning and its effect to motion synchronized radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this study, we presented a technique to measure the time delay of AcQSim CT simulator (Philips Medical Systems) using Varian's Real‐Time Positioning Management (RPM) system (Varian Medical Systems). A respiratory gating platform (REF 91150, Standard Imaging, Inc.) was first set at the position of amplitude maximum (Phase 0). Then a ball of 1.3 cm diameter was put on the platform and set at the CT laser. A single axial‐scan was acquired across the center of the ball without motion. Then the motion was turned on and single axial‐scans gated at different phases were acquired with a very narrow gating window. The time between the phase giving a good estimate of the ball and Phase 0 is the overall delay time. The delays were also verified using metal balls of 1.5 mm diameter initially set at the amplitude minimum (Phase 180). Results: We found that for AcQSim CT, the overall delay for a single axial‐scan (with 1s‐scan time) is 1.75s. For multiple axial‐scans, the overall delay is 1.75s for the first scan and 0.75s for the subsequent ones. This demonstrated that the CT mechanical startup delay is 1s. After the first axial‐scan, the overall delay per scan is less because CT gantry continuously spins and no mechanical delay exists. We call the overall delay without the mechanical part the scanning delay, which basically equals to half the scan time (0.5s for 1s‐scan time) plus the gating pulse triggering delay (250 ms). Conclusion: It is the scanning delay rather than the triggering delay that should be compensated when doing motion synchronized radiotherapy. The current interface between the RPM system and the AcQSim CT does not compensate for this delay.


A gap emphasised intechnical vocational education is the theory-practice divide. In relation tolearning in technology and learning a vocation, the concepts of theory andpractice are often mentioned ...


What it did reveal is how inadequate is Lerner's brief introduction compared with the work of his predecessor. Lerner makes little attempt to analyze Averroes' work, ignoring in his introduction the way in which Averroes blends Aristotle's Ethics with Plato's thought and making no reference to the historical context of the work or its relation to other writers. He does allude to the tensions between Plato's elitism and racialism and Islamic religious universalism, and he notes that Averroes' justification for the just war is philosophical rather than religious. But the historical setting and the relation of Averroes to the history of ideas-in particular his influence on Christian medieval thought-are never discussed. This regrettable absence, probably related to the adoption of the textualist methodology of Lerner's mentor, Leo Strauss, means that despite the care with which the translation was prepared and the elaborate textual apparatus and footnote references, this edition will be less interesting to political theorists than that of Rosenthal. Possibly a combination of this text with Rosenthal's introduction and his other articles on Averroes would prove most useful for those interested. An advantage of the Lerner translation is that like other works in the Cornell series of medieval Muslim authors, it is available in paperback.


Abstract : The purpose of the research was to study sensory and cognitive factors in man-machine interfaces. The report lists the personnel who have been employed on the study, summarizes briefly some of the principal research findings that have resulted from their work, and gives a complete bibliography of all reports issued under the contract. (Author)


Abstract : Timed Logic Conformance (TLC) is used to verify the behavioral and timing properties of detailed digital circuits against abstract circuit specifications when both are modeled as Timed Safety Automata (TSA) with real-valued clocks. TLC is a bisimulation-style partial order relationship defined over TSA state space. In contrast to timed simulation, Calculus of Timed Refinement, and time-abstracted bisimulation, TLC defines when one system is an acceptable implementation of another by asymmetric action-matching requirements for specification inputs and implementation outputs. TLC intuitively and pragmatically supports writing abstract specifications and verifying them against implementations. TLC scales up by substituting verified specifications for implementations and hierarchically verifying larger systems. The TLC verification process is more efficient than the circularly dependent assumes-guarantees verification methodology. Instead of building models of the system's environment and using them in the verification process, the TLC verification methodology explicitly captures environmental timing properties in the system specification and automatically ensures they are satisfied in the TLC relation. The region-automata-based Timed Logic Conformance System (TLCS) implements TSA parallel composition and a TLC decision procedure. TLCS is used to hierarchically verify the STARI (Self-Timed at Receiver's Input) asynchronous circuit for communicating safely between clock-skewed systems.


Thanks to the success of smart phones and mobile-ready laptops, data traffic has recently grown exponentially, and the demand for mobile data has risen very dramatically. These requests in large capacity can only be satisfied by a high efficiency and a very good optimization of the infrastructures of the mobile networks, while taking into account the constraints which are the power, bandwidth and a limited complexity. The task of developing mobile technologies has also evolved from a national or regional focus to a complex and growing mission, supported by global standards development organizations such as 3GPP (3rd Group Partnership Project). Through this research, we present everything related to the simulation of the 4G mobile network system (LTE), which can provide high data flow with good quality, through three model channels known as (EPA, EVA, ETU). In this work we focus on the block 'iterative decoding channel encoder' in the LTE system, where the iterative channel coding called 'Turbo-code' (TC) is substituted by the iterative coding channel called 'Unpunctured Turbo Trellis-coded Modulation' (UTTCM). The simulation results showed that with less decoding complexities, UTTCM's LTE system gives good performance (in terms of BER).


It is true that history has witnessed several monetary integration processes (and also some disintegration processes, by the way). But none have been quite like the creation of the euro, given its nature and complexity. Indeed, never before has such a vast and heterogeneous group of nations, in terms of both economic and social development and their history and institutions, decided willingly and in peacetime to live together under a monetary union.


EDITOR,—In their grand round on reactive systemic amyloidosis A R Allen and colleagues state that, while colchicine prevents the development of renal amyloidosis in familial Mediterranean fever, …


Context. The peak energy ( E p ) exhibited during the prompt emission phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) shows two di ff erent evolution patterns, namely hard-to-soft and intensity-tracking, of which the physical origin remains unknown. In addition to low-energy indices of GRB prompt spectra, the evolution patterns of E p may be another crucial indicator with which to discriminate radiation mechanisms (e.g., synchrotron or photosphere) for GRBs. Aims. We explore the parameter space to find conditions that could generate di ff erent evolution patterns in the peak energy in the framework of synchrotron radiation. Methods. We have developed a code to calculate the synchrotron emission from a simplified shell numerically, considering: three cooling processes (synchrotron, synchrotron self-Compton (SSC), and adiabatic) of electrons, the e ff ect of decaying magnetic field, the e ff ect of the bulk acceleration of the emitting shell, and the e ff ect of a variable source function that describes electrons accelerated in the emitting region. Results. After exploring the parameter space of the GRB synchrotron scenario, we find that the intensity-tracking pattern of E p could be achieved in two situations. One is that the cooling process of electrons is dominated by adiabatic cooling or SSC + adiabatic cooling at the same time. The other is that the emitting region is under acceleration in addition to the cooling process being dominated by SSC cooling. Otherwise, hard-to-soft patterns of E p are normally expected. Moreover, a chromatic intensity-tracking pattern of E p could be induced by the e ff ect of a variable source function.


In this paper,the stress and strain of the pole coupling is analyzed by the finite_element software ANSYS and the figure that describes the distribution of the stress and strain is gotten.It gives the theory base to improve the force condition and the structure of the pole coupling.


"Fitness to drive" is the ability to drive a vehicle safely. It decreases when cognitive dimensions such as processing speed are affected in older adults. The objective way to measure is through observation to identify crash risks in naturalistic driving, which is costly in time and money. Other objective measures that can be easily monitored need to be investigated. Our project aims to examine the association between the properties of visual attention (i.e., duration and frequency of looking at specific points in the cabin) and drivers' cognitive performance. Previously, we developed the Intelligent Multi-modal Monitoring System to infer Points of Visual Attention (SiMIPAV). It measures the properties of visual attention based on head posture, which we validated with 15 young adults and 15 older adults. This study aims to validate the feasibility of measuring visual behaviors using SiMIPAV with a simulator, which would facilitate data collection in a safe environment. We recruited 12 young adults and 5 adults over the age of 59 who drove in a simulator based on video game platforms. We found that road gaze frequency was negatively correlated with driving speed in both conditions (simulator and naturalistic) and with both age groups. However, road gaze duration and speed are only correlated in the naturalistic condition.


A noninvasive method for diagnosing acute tubular necrosis and rejection would be an important tool for the management of renal transplant patients. From a sequence of digital subtraction angiographic images acquired after an intravenous injection of radiographic contrast material, the parametric images of the maximum contrast, the time when the maximum contrast is reached, and two times the time at which one half of the maximum contrast is reached are computed. The parametric images of the time when the maximum is reached clearly distinguish normal from abnormal renal function. However, it is the parametric image of two times the time when one half of the maximum is reached which provides some assistance in differentiating acute tubular necrosis from rejection.


Dear Editor: Citrobacter koseri is a Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family commonly found in water, soil, food, and as an occasional colonizer of the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans. Despite its wide distribution, it is an uncommon cause of infection in humans due to its low virulence.1 This organism exhibits a high degree of resistance to antibiotics due to inducible AmpC β-lactamase genes, and additional plasmid-mediated determinants of resistance might coexist. C. koseri is responsible for a wide range of infections, including urinary tract, respiratory, and intra-abdominal infections and, less commonly, central nervous system, skin, and soft tissue infections.2 To our knowledge, no other cases of bullous erysipelas caused by C. koseri have been reported. An 80-year-old woman with a medical history of heart failure, type 2 diabetes, and vascular dementia came from the neurology department to us for a dermatological consultation. On examination, we observed numerous bullous lesions on an erythematous background located on her lower left leg. Two days prior to our examination, she had undergone a vascular catheterization procedure on the same limb. Twenty-four hours later, she developed fever (with a temperature of 39.5°C), blisters, erythema, and intense pain on her lower left leg (Figure 1A). No other mucocutaneous lesions were found. These clinical features confirmed a diagnosis of bullous erysipelas, and we decided to perform bacterial and fungal cultures. A bacterial culture from needle aspiration of cutaneous lesions was positive for C. koseri (Figure 1B); fungal co-infection was ruled out by using a potassium hydroxide preparation and doing a culture. The antibiogram displayed sensitivity to meropenem, so the patient was treated with 1g of intravenous meropenem every eight hours for two weeks. The treatment was effective; after two weeks, the meropenem was discontinued and the patient was discharged and prescribed 500mg of oral levoxacin twice a day for two weeks. After four weeks of treatment, we observed a complete clinical recovery. Erysipelas is an acute bacterial infection of the dermis and hypodermis associated with significant cutaneous inflammation. The typical clinical presentation includes leg or face tenderness, sharply demarcated erythema, and edema. Lymphangitis, lymphadenophaty, fever, and chills can be present. Bulla formation is considered a severe local complication of the disease.3 The bullous form is observed in five percent of cases of erysipelas and tends to occur more frequently among women and people with liver or renal diseases.3 Obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic venous insufficiency, local trauma, and skin diseases like tinea pedis or eczema are reported as predisposing risk factors for erysipelas. Streptococci and staphylococci are the most common causes of erysipelas; however other bacteria, especially Gram-negative enteric organisms, can cause bullous erysipelas.4 There are no cases described in the literature of bullous erysipelas due to C. koseri. C. koseri is a multidrugresistant, opportunistic pathogen; more than 70 percent of citrobacter infections are nosocomial and frequently associated with invasive procedures.2 This bacillus is a well-known cause of severe nervous system infections; in neonates, it is fatal in 30 percent of cases.1 C. koseri is rarely responsible for skin infections, but a few recent case series reported folliculitis, skin abscesses, and wound infections.3 C. koseri has developed resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics but, fortunately, it is sensitive to carbapenems and quinolones.5 Management of these infections continues to be a challenge because of limited antimicrobial options and owing to the lack of publications dealing with this skin complication.


Vaepellis gen.n. (type species: V. varica sp.n.) from Ghana is described and illustrated. On the basis of the numerous unique apomorphies displayed by Vaepellis, including a comparatively long, clubbed scapus, a densely short‐setose body, very short palps and hind tibial spurs, very small eyes and ocelli and massive legs, this genus is placed in a new subfamily separated from its sister group the Braconinae.


Objective: to use hard disk broadcast of the technical personnel understanding of hard disk broadcast fault type and to learn how to repair and maintenance,to ensure safety on the air.Processes and methods: in use process,don't will be hard or hard drive component dropped,and avoid touch banned in energized and power outages 30 seconds handling or pat hard drive equipment;In the course of trans portation,must use the can protect drive not be shaken and of the collision of the packing;In the installation of hard disk equipment,try to fixed on the frame;Ensuring compliance with the requirements of the equipment temperature and humidity environment;Reduce the in fluence of static electricity to the hard disk drive and keep the environment clean a hard drive.Conclusion: regular maintenance and mainte nance,deal with the met all kinds of faults,make its stable operation,to ensure safety on the air.


The basic principles and characteristics of the high-density resistivity prospecting are introduced briefly in this paper.Taking paleo-channel detection of Xinjiuli plant project in Kunshan as an example,the general situation,section layout,parameter selection and exploration results of the project are analyzed.The resistivity prospecting results are tested by comparing them with borehole data.The example above confirms that high-density resistivity prospecting,combining with borehole data,can be a quick and effective way to identify the underground paleo-channels,caves and other harmful geological bodies in Suzhou plain area.


Perylene-based disordered carbon (PBDC) heat-treated at 550 °C for anodes in Li-ion cells showed large hysteresis and a high reversible capacity of 800 mAh/g. The hysteresis was analyzed by polarization and impedance measurements. The overpotential during lithium extraction increased markedly in the range of open-circuit potential, 0.5-1 V vs Li/Li + . The impedance spectra of PBDC during lithium insertion were significantly different from those during extraction. The charge-transfer resistance for lithiated PBDC during extraction above 0.5 V was much larger than that for the PBDC during insertion. The chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium, D Li , of PBDC during lithium insertion decreased almost linearly from 5 x 10 -10 to 3 x 10 -12 cm 2 s -1 with increasing lithium storage capacity. The values of D Li during lithium extraction above 0.5 V were much smaller than those during insertion. The large hysteresis was due to the large charge-transfer resistance and the slow diffusion of lithium during lithium extraction from the fully lithiated PBDC. The large charge-transfer resistance during lithium extraction has been interpreted as the rectification of lithiated PBDC, which is similar to that of n-type semiconductors under anodic polarization


In the present paper,a carbon-fiber bundle microelectrode was prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The adsorption of bovine hemoglobin at the carbon-fiber bundele microelectrode was studied by electrochemical impedance method.Bovine hemoglobin adsorbed strongly at the electrode surface and forms a protein membrane with very large membrane electric resistance.The adsorption follows a first-order adsorption kinetics with electric field and diffusion controlled in short time range and diffusion controlled in the long time range.These results further demonstrate that electrochemical impedance method is a powerful method for the study of protein adsorption at electrode surface.


The present invention has the following general formula [I] (Wherein each symbol is as defined in the description.) Relates to an anti-HIV agent comprising a nitrogen-containing fused ring compound represented by or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and their compounds. The compounds of the present invention has an effect of inhibiting the HIV integrase activity, as an anti-HIV agent are useful as AIDS therapeutic agent or prophylactic agent. Moreover, protease inhibitors, the combination with other anti-HIV agents such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors, can be a more effective anti-HIV agents. Also, it has a high inhibitory activity specific for integrase can be a safe fewer side effects drug to the human body.


Taking an automobile axle housing tube as a typical example,one pass and two-pass numerical simulation of extruded sinking were carried out,and the effect factors of typical section thickness distribution,end warp,axial instability were analyzed.Simulation results show that,the technique of two-pass extruded sinking is better than that of one pass forming.Forming part not only meets use requirement,but also the maximum load of mould is 360 kN,and the wasting of mould is reduced as low as possible.It is good for reducing the production cost.And it lays foundation for the subsequent bulging of automobile axle housing.


Fibers extracted from Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stem were investigated as starting raw materials for textile industries, bio-packaging material, pulp and paper products, particle boards and composite material applications. Two extraction methods for obtaining bast fibres from Hibiscus sabdariffa stem such as Bacterial retting (BR) method and chemical retting (CR) method were studied. The Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of Bacterial retted (BR) and chemically retted (CR) Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) fibre was Light brown in colour, with 16.0720.2 Diameter(μm), 2.10-2.8 Fibre length (mm), 9.54-11.00% Moisture, 0.93-2.50% Ash, 55.5560.40% Cellulose, 33.70-27.04% Hemicellulose, 10.50-11.40% Lignin, 145.60-177.55 MPa Strength, 20.70-24.90 GPa Modulus, 0.5-0.7% Elongation at break for bacterial retting (BR) Original Research Article Akubueze et al.; JMSRR, 2(4): 1-7, 2019; Article no.JMSRR.45087 2 method while chemical retting (CR) method was Dark brown in colour, 16.07-20.2 Diameter(μm), 2.10-2.8 Fibre length(mm) 12.90-14.50% Moisture, 1.00-2.70% Ash, 48.56-56.62% Cellulose, 38.07-31.85% Hemicellulose, 12.50-11.64% Lignin, 135.15-159.05MPa strength, 19.85-23.70GPa, 0.4-0.6% Elongation at break. The results showed that fibres produced by bacterial retting (BR) has better quality than chemical retting (CR) in terms of mechanical properties and flexibility, but the time involved in bacterial retting (BR) was too long to be considered for today's industrial process integration, thus making it less attractive. More advancement in biotechnology with combined enzymatic and chemically retting will give shorter time with high quality fibres. In general, bast fibres from Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) stem is also a unique natural fiber in the class of jute and kenaf. R&D into large scale production and industrial utilization of indigenous bast fibres will no doubt aid the revival and future development of Nigerian textile and allied industries.


This paper considers all resistive instabilities of a self‐pinched cylindrically symmetric beam of charged particles in a finite or an infinite Ohmic plasma channel. The problem is reduced to an ordinary second‐order linear differential equation for the longitudinal component of the perturbed electric field. The equation can be solved for a uniform beam shape, yielding an implicit transcendental equation whose roots define the various modes. We find that for each azimuthal ``quantum number'' m there are two infinite sequences of modes and two exceptional modes, except that some of these modes are missing for m = 0, 1, and 2. In all modes we find stable oscillation at very low and very high frequencies, and instability at intermediate frequencies, the growth rates generally reaching maxima somewhat less than the betatron frequency ωβ. The largest maximum growth rate is in the ``hose'' mode (the only exceptional mode for m = 1), where it is approximately 0.29 ωβ. For a general smooth beam shape, the catalog...


T h e notion that a person's psychic qualities are visible in his outward appearance is an ancient one. It was brought into the sphere of criminology by LOMBROSO and his disciples. In spite of their numerous efforts, however, they have not succeeded in proving that there are outward distinguishing marks on the basis of which it would be possible to determine whether a person had any clearly perceivable inclination toward crime. Ultimately, what their investigations have yielded is that in the anatomical structure of criminals there are certain irregularities which are also to be found among non-criminals, though in a slightly smaller degree; but as for the doctrine of the anatomical criminal, nnothing remains of it)) (Rohden 1927). The most meritorious investigation of recent years in this field has been carried out by GORING (1913) in studying 3,000 British criminals who had served at least three penitentiary sentences and comparing his results with a group of non-criminals, including students, soldiers, policemen, coal miners, etc. He established that both mental and physical deficiencies could be discovered among criminals. The criminals were on the average shorter and lighter of weight than the non-criminals; this was especially true of thieves and ravishers of children. Forgers, embezzlers, and swindlers were taller than the average man in the street, and assaulters were of average height but heavier than average. To summarize his findings, it might be mentioned that in the biological sense the most difficult criminals represent the lowest level of the social class from


Due to the advancement in aircraft propulsion, there is a need to understand compressor surge and stall from the engine operational requirement. Distorted inlet conditions in axial compressors may create large oscillations of the mass flow rate, which is known as "surge," and self-induced circumferential flow distortions rotating around the annulus, which is called "rotating stall," or a combination of both phenomenons may exist together. Therefore, it is important to carry out analysis on the parameters that may result in either surge or stall. This study looks into the research that has been done by Kim et al. [9] (on the distorted inlet flow propagation in the axial compressors). Integral method is applied to the problems of distorted inlet flow, investigating on the relationships and the effects that some of the key parameters would have on the propagation of inlet distortion flow. The objective of this study is to justify the findings from Kim et al.'s research by using Taguchi's quality control method. The results indicate that major parameters on the inlet distortion propagation are the ratio of drag-to-lift coefficient, the inlet distorted velocity coefficient, and inlet incidence angle in influence order. This conclusion is different from that in Kim et al.'s research. Their research was carried out using only a few test cases with integral method. When integral method with Taguchi quality control method is used, the prediction of degrees of influence by the parameters on the distortion propagation becomes more reasonable and accurate.


A new lead-zinc flash flotation technology has been adopted in engineering design of Mengzi Bainiuchang Silver-contained Polymetallic Mine upon the fact of complexity and refractory of the ore produced from the mine.Good technical and economic results indicate the process has a wide and bright application foreground for similar metal sulphide mines.


Based on investigation,analysis and argumentation,conclusion is drawn that 1) the positioning on the aspect of developing national spirit of Wushu education in higher vocational colleges is to cultivate the Chinese spirits that pursue getting together harmoniously on the base of training the warlike spirit and cast teenagers the will and spirit that is "dare to strive,dare to keep forging ahead and positive upwards";2) the value positioning of developing Wushu in higher vocational colleges is to realize the purpose of body building,succeeding national culture and carrying forward national spirit by the way allowing students pursue the goal of strengthening the defense ability;3)the technique system of Wushu in higher vocational colleges should adapt a practical one.


In a sense, architecture may be called as a geometric figure. Although architectural forms are very different, the form from one kind of architecture to another kind of architecture is equivalent to one kind of mathematical transformation in view of mathematics; for example, the transformation between a cube architecture and a spherical architecture belongs to a topological transformation. Currently, many sculptural features appear in the architecture design, which may be called as the nonlinear architecture. Curves and curved surfaces are widely used in the architecture modeling. Moreover, functional spaces are divided inside the architecture shell according to requirements. Architects are inclined to use a mathematical theory especially the geometrical knowledge in an architecture design. However, architects can not imagine many artistic geometric figures in geometry. Besides, such wonderful geometric figures always include some miraculous mathematical and physical properties.


Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus said that current reform efforts will not likely include a permanent fix to the Medicare fee-for-service physician payment system.


Background: Enhanced TGFβ signaling is observed in several heritable forms of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissection, including Marfan syndrome (MFS). The precise role of the TGFβ signaling pathway in the disease process is currently unclear.
Methods: We used a genetic approach to investigate the role of the TGFβ pathway in aortic aneurysm formation and progression by crossing the Fbn1GT-8/+ MFS mouse model with Tgfb1+/-, Tgfb2+/- and Fbn1H1D/H1D mice. The latter model is characterized by an in-frame deletion of the hybrid 1 domain of fibrillin-1, essential for binding the latent TGFβ complex in the matrix. The aortas of male compound heterozygous mice and control littermates were then studied by means of ultrasound at 6 months of age.
Results: Ultrasound analyses show that compound heterozygous Fbn1GT-8/H1D and Fbn1GT-8/+;Tgfb2+/- mice present more severe aortic disease compared to Fbn1GT-8/+, Fbn1H1D/H1D, and Tgfb2+/- mice at the age of 6 months. A fraction of the Fbn1GT-8/H1D and Fbn1GT-8/+;Tgfb2+/- mice dies prematurely (as early as 4-5 months of age) due to aortic rupture. In contrast, the aortic diameters of Fbn1GT-8/+;Tgfb1+/- mice do not differ from Fbn1GT-8/+ mice at 6 months of age and the mice have a normal life span.
Conclusion: These data indicate that the effect of TGFβ on aortic aneurysm formation is isoform specific and that binding of the TGFβ complex to the extracellular matrix is required for correct homeostasis in the aorta in the context of MFS.


Cantilever excavator is widely used in fully mechanized mining face at present domestic coal mine, Its high efficiency, reliable working state is the promise of mine production and safety production. In this paper, using the mining vibration recorder for EBH300(A) roadheader vibration signal acquisition, and using MATLAB to analyze in the time domain analysis. Its useful to understand the vibration characteristics of roadheader work, and of important realistic significance for the tunneling machine structure optimization design and researching on fault diagnosis.


Abstract We studied field performance of containerised Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies seedlings of different provenances. Shoot height, needle chemical composition, root collar diameter, root mycorrhization and mycorrhizal species composition were evaluated after four growing seasons following outplanting. The results showed that in general spruce had better survival than pine. Ectomycorrhizas on spruce were dominated by Wilcoxina, Amphinema and Tylospora, while on pine — by Suillus and Thelephora species. Spruce and pine showing best growth rates were colonised by ectomycorrhizal fungus Amphinema sp. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that forest nursery practices as well as provenance can significantly impact survival, growth and mycorrhization of the containerised pine and spruce seedlings.


2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(hexyloxy)triphenylene (HAT6) gives a columnar hexagonal mesophase between 70 and 100°C and a hole mobility of 7.1 ́10–4 cm2V–1s–1. Two methods are compared for extending the mesophase range to encompass the operationally-significant room temperature range and for enhancing the charge-carrier mobility: introduction of a lateral nuclear dipole and formation of a CPI (complementary polytopic interaction) 'compound'. Introduction of two fluorine substituents into the nucleus of HAT6 gives 1,4-difluoro-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(hexyloxy)triphenylene (2F-HAT6). This has a lateral nuclear dipole and gives a columnar hexagonal mesophase from below room temperature to 121°C whereas the CPI mixture of 2F-HAT6 with 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(4-nonylphenyl)triphenylene (PTP9) has a columnar mesophase from below room temperature to 129°C. At 100°C the time-of-flight hole mobilities of these two systems are increased to 1.6 ́10–3 cm2V–1s–1 for 2F-HAT6 and 1.5 ́10–2 cm2V–1s–1 for the CPI compound 2F-HAT6 + PTP9.


System emitting and receiving multi aboard a satellite which includes at least one section (45) of idaque includes a channel (70) for receiving the hub for receiving first signals from deuna ground station and at least two channels (71, 72) user transmission designed to emit the primerassenales to areas corresponding geographic coverage to some users, called points (14) deusuario, at least one section (47) back, which includes at least two channels (73, 74) receiving user zdestinados receiving second signals from points (14) user and a channel (83) of hub emisiondel intended to deliver the second signals to the ground station, and a section enlaceadicional called section (49) mesh, designed to ensure links between points, including one section enmalla, PTD, processor (35) for filtering digital transparent and route signals des a first deusuario point to a second point user, characterized in that the section (49) in mesh further includes: - means (52) sampling and recombination frequencies including at least two inputs connected auna section (47) turn and an output connected to an input of PTD (35) to take samples, respectively, of the at least two channels (73, 74) for receiving user first two fractions defrecuencias bands, referred to as fractions (100) band mesh, and for recombining the two earliest fractions (100) mesh band sampled at a single frequency band, applied to an input of PTD (35), - means (53) for division and reinjection frequencies including an input connected to an output of PTD (35) and at least two outputs connected to an outbound section for dividing the frequency band, routed unamisma output PTD (35) in at least two second fractions frequency band and to reinject, respectivam entity in the at least two channels (71, 72) user transmission, the second fractions bandade frequencies obtained after the division.


The utility model relates to a light-weight building component, particularly to a pozzolan pumice stone composite foaming board, which is characterized in that the pozzolan pumice stone composite foaming board is composed of a foaming curing ash board and a steel wire mesh, wherein, three or more than three kinds of powder of volcanic ash (slag), pumice powder, light sand, fly ash, and F mineral powder are concreted with cement, and physical foaming powder to form the foaming curing ash board which is provided with hollow holes. The steel wire mesh is embedded in the foaming curing ash board and is integrated with curing ash. The hollow holes can be stuffed with soundproof and heat-insulating filler such as polystyrene foam material, etc. The board is an ideal component of a non-bearing wall.


Integrated energy system integrates the production, transportation, distribution, conversion, storage and consumption of all kinds of energy. The complex structure of integrated energy system makes it difficult to model by analytical method. At present, the modeling of integrated energy system is mostly static modeling of all kinds of equipment in the system, and the coupling and logical relationship between the new equipment and each part is not clear, which makes the further development of integrated energy system, planning and operation meet certain difficulties. In this paper, the integrated energy system is modeled by ontology. Ontology modeling enhances the interoperability between heterogeneous systems, making data transmission between different systems or tools; Ontology improves clarity and reduces the cost of requirement analysis by describing problems and tasks.


The rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) printing hydrogel materials into sophisticated constructs has led to considerable progress in the fields of tissue engineering, soft actuators/robots, flexible electronics, etc. Notably, digital...


AbstractThe incidence-angle differences of estimated surface rainfall obtained from the precipitation radar (PR) on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite were investigated. The bias before the orbit boost in August 2001 relative to the near-nadir statistics was 2.7% over the ocean and −5.8% over land. After the boost, the bias was −3.2% and −9.5%, respectively. These biases were further quantified with respect to error sources, that is, the beam mismatch correction error, detection capability of storms with low-level storm-top height, and residual effects. For shallow storms lower than 3 km, most incidence-angle differences were caused by main lobe contamination. For nonshallow storms, several error factors resulted in 5.3% overestimates over the ocean and 5.1% underestimates over land for the period before the boost. The remaining uncertainty in local low-level profiles was identified as a controversial issue.The bias-corrected dataset updates the interannual variation in rainfal...


AbstractTwo-dimensional shallow-water schemes on Cartesian grids are amendable for graphics processing units and thus a convenient choice for fast flood simulations. A comparison of recent schemes ...


The purpose of this research was to reveal the level of sudents?oOe¼Oao motivation in math learning and also the level of students?oOe¼Oao cognitive using math animation with RME approach. The implementation of math animation with realistic mathemativs education approach had tested before in II-A and II-B class in SDN 3 Palembon, Semarang. The research did four times meeting. The reseacrh method was quasy experiment. The research showed that the score of experiment had completed the academic target by individual nor clasical, and after analyzed, we known that the experiment class had better academic result than control class. Keywords: Implementation, RME, mathematic animation, quasy experiment


Process for producing a support body emergency shaped annular body (3) shaped metal cover, with an annular corrugated support wheels emergency motor vehicles, with the following steps surface: - preparing a plate (6) rectangular metal with a longitudinal side which is arranged on the perimeter of the annular body (3) and a narrow side which is arranged on the width of the annular body (3), - bending round the metal plate along its longitudinal side to form an open ring, - welding the ends open with the formation of a blank closed ring (7) ring, - shaping ring rotatably profile waves cross-sectional surface by a process pressure cylinder, - placing connecting elements (9), opposite the front side, which can be connected detachably to each other in the ring blank (7) profi area code, and - cutting open the ring blank (7) between the connecting elements (9) with generation of the annular body (3), shaped cover, mountable with an annular corrugated support surface.


Defect detection based on machine vision and machine learning techniques has drawn much attention in recent years. Deep learning is very suitable for such segmentation and detection tasks and has become a promising research area. Surface quality inspection is essentially important in the manufacturing of mobile phone back glass (MPBG). Different types of defects are produced because of the imperfection of the manufacturing technique. Unlike general transparent glass, screen printing glass has totally different reflection and scattering characteristics, which means the traditional dark-field imaging system is not suitable for this task. Meanwhile, the imaging system requires high resolution since the minimum defect size can be 0.005 mm2. According to the imaging characteristics of screen printing glass, this paper proposes a coaxial bright-field (CBF) imaging system and low-angle bright-field (LABF) imaging system, and 8K line-scan complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) cameras are utilized to capture images with the resolution size of 16,000*8092. The CBF system is applied for the weak-scratch and discoloration defects while the LABF system is applied for the dent defect. A symmetric convolutional neural network composed of encoder and decoder structures is proposed based on U-net, which produces a semantic segmentation with the same size as the original input image. More than 10,000 original images were captured, and more than 30,000 defective and non-defective images were manually annotated in the glass surface defect dataset (GSDD). Verified by the experiments, the results showed that the average precision reaches more than 91% and the average recall rate reaches more than 95%. The method is very suitable for the surface defect inspection of screen printing mobile phone back glass.


An edited version of this paper was published in:Environmental ManagementFebruary 2000, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 115-127byArchon FungHarvard University, JFK School of GovernmentandDara O'RourkeMIT, Dept. of Urban Studies and PlanningDecember 31, 1998Keywords: Environmental regulation, Toxics Release Inventory, EPA, community organizing.


The electro-optic index of PLZT thin films was measured by means of modulated ellipsometry. First the refractive index (n) and thickness (d) were measured by reflecting ellipsometry method. Then the electric field was applied on the film, and the change of refraction (δn) by was obtained by transmission ellipsometry method. Finally, the electro-optic index was calculated by the data of n, d, E and δn. This instrument has high sensitivity. So it is suitable to measure the electro-optical property of the thin film.


Potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4 (KDP) is a transparent dielectric material best known for its nonlinear optical and electro-optical properties (Refs. 1 and 2). Because of its nonlinear optical properties, it has been incorporated into various laser systems for harmonic generation and optoelectrical switching. In addition, KDP is particularly suitable for use in large-aperture laser systems such as that located at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) because it can be grown as a single crystal to large size (Refs. 3 and 4). Despite the importance of this material, surface composition and surface electronic structure data were found to be nonexistent. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy was thus used to characterize the composition and surface structure of (100) and (101) native crystals.


Corruption and fraud separately belong to corruption and bribery and crimes against property in criminal law.From the wrongful conviction of the first instance of the crime committed by Jiang and other seven persons,the article analyzes in detail the differences of basic constitution of crime between corruption and fraud,and the distinction between principal and accomplice in common crime.At last,it finds that the case should be the crime of corruption.


By analyzing the situation of the current university students' concept of honour or disgrace,the author expounds that carrying out the education of the concept of honour or disgrace among university students is the necessary requirement for constructing the harmonious campus and the important content of Party construction in universities.Based on the practice of carrying out the education of university students'concept of honour or disgrace,the author draws a conclusion that the Party organization should play a core role and exercise its function leading the ideas of the faculty and students.University students' concept of honour or disgrace should be developed in flexible,diversified and sturdy ways.


The paper presents a study on the kinematic and static performances of a new type of 1DOF (Degree Of Freedom) planetary speed increaser to be implemented in wind turbines, a transmission with three operating cases: a) one input and one output, b) one input and two outputs, in which the speed of the secondary output is equal to the input speed, and c) with one input and two outputs, where the secondary output speed is higher than the input speed. The proposed speed increaser contains two sun gears and a double satellite, allowing operation with an output connected to the fixed stator of a classic generator (case I) or with two counterrotating outputs that drive a counter-rotating generator (with a mobile stator). A new variant of planetary transmission capable of providing the speed increase of the generator stator and, thus, the increase of the relative speed between the generator rotor and stator is obtained by the parallel connection of the speed increaser with a planetary gear. The three conceptual variants of planetary transmission are analytically modelled and comparatively analysed based on a set of kinematic and static parameters. The proposed transmission has higher performances compared to the same transmission with one input and one output, the increase of the kinematic amplification ratio and efficiency being achieved simultaneously.


Plant breeders exploit available germplasm for the development and improvement of different wheat genotypes. Cell membrane thermostability (CMT) and relative water content (RWC) are good selection criteria for effective selection against heat tolerance. This investigation, 120 spring wheat genotypes were evaluated for the effect of heat stress. Among the 120 spring wheat genotypes, five were identified as heat-tolerant (HT) genotypes, whereas five were found to be heat-susceptible (HS) genotypes on the basis of their relative values of CMT, RWC, and grain yield per plant (GYP). In this experiment, 120 spring wheat genotypes were used to evaluate heat tolerance in an open field (normal) and in a tunnel (heat stress). Analysis of variance depicted highly significant differences among genotypes under both environments. Higher values of CMT and RWC along with GYP were associated with heat tolerance and vice versa. The best-performing HT genotypes under both environmental conditions were V-13248, V-13013, AARI- 11, MIRAJ-08, and V-12103. They could be used as donors for heat stress tolerance in breeding program. Among the 120 wheat genotypes, ND643, V-12082, V-12056, WBLL1, and V-12066 were proven to be HS genotypes in both environments. Given that the identified superior HT genotypes can cope with heat stress, they can be utilized for developing HT genotypes. In addition to grain yield, CMT and RWC are good markers for the development of HT wheat genotypes.


The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of a holistic short-term group intervention in the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (/BS) with comorbid depression and anxiety. The sample consisted of 24 South African women who had been diagnosed with severe IBS. Furthermore, each participant had to have associated moderate to severe depression and anxiety. The group design was a pre-test, post-test control group design where the experimental group (n = 12) received group intervention and the members of the control group (n = 12) received no intervention until after completion of the research. All the participants completed the Functional Bowel Disorder Severity Index and the Depression and Anxiety subscales of the Personality Assessment Inventory before commencement of group therapy for Group 1 and one month after completion of this intervention. The effect of the intervention was determined by utilising comparative statistics. The findings indicate that holistic short-term group therapy results in significant improvement in terms of depreSSion and anxiety scores, but that IBS symptom severity remains unchanged. It is recommended that further research be conducted to ascertain whether holistic group therapy of a longer duration has a greater impact on the IBS symptom severity.


Electric energy price is the most sensitive economic signal in electric power market. Future information on quoted price of power plant is an important unknown data of market analysis and forecasting system. How to accurately forecast quoted price of power plant directly affects the accuracy of market analysis and forecasting system. The algorithm of quotes price forecasting of power plant based on fuzzy accumulation analysis is introduced, and the adoption of mathematic method for forecasting quoted price is studied, under the condition without interference in the concrete quoted price policy.


T HE hypothesis that previous migrants from one region to another exert a significant influence on the volume and direction of current migration flows has recently been tested for the case of a less developed country by Michael Greenwood (1973). Utilizing 1961 census data for India he found that recent migrants do have a strong tendency to migrate to localities which had previously attracted natives of their region. He also found that failure to include the effect of earlier flows led to an overestimate of the true direct relationship between the current flow of migrants and variables such as income and urbanization. In this paper we present additional evidence on the influence of previous migration on current migration in less developed countries. Utilizing data from the 1961 Population Census of Venezuela, we find results similar to those in the study of migration in India despite some marked differences between the two countries. Past migrant flows can be expected to influence current migration for several important reasons. Family and friends who have previously migrated from one region to another may provide information about their present location to persons residing in their former place of residence. Former migrants may also provide temporary food and shelter as well as ease social transition. Greenwood emphasizes that the relatively low levels of literacy and linguistic differences between regions in India are likely to increase the influence of family and friends on current migration. Venezuela, on the other hand, has relatively high levels of adult literacy and more than 70 per cent of the population speak the same language. The two countries also differ with respect to their social organization and income levels. The extended family is characteristic of India, while the nuclear family is predominant in Venezuela. Per capita GNP was only about 80 dollars per year in India in 1960, compared with over 600 dollars in Venezuela.1 Thus the results of our study not only add to the evidence on the influence of previous migration on current flows but also provide a basis for comparison of that influence between two dissimilar less developed countries.


A number of authors 1 2 3 4 5 6 have described the vasopressor effect of large doses of normally vasodilator choline derivatives in atropinized animals, including the "parasympathetic substance' acetylcholine. The findings of Hunt 7 and Broun and Beaune 8 on these subjects will be discussed in a detailed paper. All drugs used in these experiments were given intravenously and the doses expressed in milligrams per kg. In 6 cats, 4 rabbits and 10 dogs anesthetized with barbiturates, it was found that acetylcholine in doses of 0.05 to 0.1 mg. did not produce vasopressor effects following the administration of 2 to 5 mg. of atropine sulphate. If the administration of acetylcholine was preceded by 0.3 to 2 mg. of physostigmine salicylate in atropinized animals, acetylcholine produced sharp, epinephrine-like rises in the blood pressure of 50 to 100 mm. of Hg. in cats and dogs, and lesser rises in rabbits. These pressor effects with acetylcholine may be elicited many times over a period of 6 hours in atropinized animals following a single dose of 0.5 to 1.0 mg. of physostigmine salicylate. This action of physostigmine on the responses of small doses of acetylcholine in atropinized animals may be ascribed to a ganglionic action of this drug in facilitating the cholinergic effect of acetylcholine through the sympathetic synapses. The injection of 3 mg. of cocaine hydrochloride enhanced the vasopressor effects of acetylcholine under the above conditions, but could not elicit vasopressor responses from small doses of acetylcholine in a physostigmine-like manner. The injections of 0.1 to 1.0 mg. of pilocarpine produced vasodilator effects which were completely antagonized by atropine. Following atropinization, pilocarpine even in doses of 10 to 50 mg. produced no typical effects in the presence of physostigmine.


The numerical analysis of spontaneously formed discontinuities such as cracks is a long-standing challenge in the engineering field. Approaches based on the mathematical framework of classical continuum mechanics fail to be directly applicable to describe discontinuities since the theory is formulated in partial differential equations, and a unique spatial derivative, however, does not exist on the singularities. Peridynamics is a reformulated theory of continuum mechanics. The partial differential equations that appear in the classical continuum mechanics are replaced with integral equations. A spatial range, which is called the horizon δ, is associated with material points, and the interaction between two material points within a horizon is formed in terms of the bond force. Since material points separated by a finite distance in the reference configuration can interact with each other, the peridynamic theory is categorized as a nonlocal method. The primary focus in this research is the development of the discretized bond-based peridynamics for solid mechanics. A connection between the classical elasticity and the discretized peridynamics is established in terms of peridynamic stress. Numerical micromoduli for oneand three-dimensional models are derived. The elastic responses of oneand three-dimensional peridynamic models are examined, and the boundary effect associated with the size of the horizon is discussed. A pairwise compensation scheme is introduced in this research for simulations of an elastic body of Poisson ratio not equal to 1/4. In order to enhance the computational efficiency, the research-purpose peridynamics code is implemented in an NVIDIA graphics processing unit for the highly parallel computation using a high-level implicit programming model. Numerical studies are conducted to investigate the responses of brittle and ductile material models. Stress-strain behaviors with different grid sizes and horizons are studied for a brittle material model. A comparison of stresses and strains between finite element analyses and peridynamic solutions is performed for a ductile material. To bridge material models at different scales, a multiscale procedure is proposed. An approach to couple the discretized peridynamics and the finite element method is developed to take advantage of the generality of peridynamics and the computational efficiency of the finite element method. The coupling of peridynamic and finite element subregions is achieved by means of interface elements. Two types of coupling schemes, the VL-coupling scheme and the CT-coupling scheme respectively, are introduced. Numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed coupling approaches including oneand three-dimensional elastic problems and the mixed mode fracture in a double-edge-notched concrete specimen. A numerical scheme for the contact-impact procedure ensuring compatibility between a peridynamic domain and a non-peridynamic domain is developed. A penalty method is used to enforce displacement constraints for transient analyses by the explicit time integration. In the numerical examples, the impact between two rigid bodies is examined to validate the contact algorithm. The ballistic perforation through a steel plate is investigated, and the residual velocities of the projectile are compared with the results by an analytical model. Peridynamics is applied to study porous brittle materials. An algorithm is developed to generate randomly distributed cubic voids and spherical voids for a given porosity. The material behaviors at the macroscopic level including the resultant Young's modulus and the strength are studied with varying amounts of porosities. The degradations of Young's modulus and strength are compared with empirical and analytical solutions.


Atmospheric exposure studies carried out on zinc specimens at Mandapam Camp, India, show that cumulative corrosion rate decreases with time. The rise in surface temperature and the appearance of corrosion spots are the reasons for recrystallisation which in turn results in grain refinement over longer duration of exposure


This study compared Constraint Induced Language Therapy (CILT) delivered at two intensity levels to participants with chronic aphasia.  Two groups received 30 hours of CILT, one intensively (CILT-I) over two weeks, one distributed (CILT-D) over ten weeks. Results indicated that for CILT-I, three of four participants showed gains on a discourse task but only one of five showed similar gains for the CILT-D group, consistent with post-treatment standardized tests.   Although the CILT-I group consisted of individuals with more severe aphasia, the CILT-I appeared to yield better results.  For some individuals the CILT-D was also effective and the gains were maintained.


Nettie Lee Benson can be said to be without an equal and truly in a class by herself. She and the collection which today bears her name are widely known. Admired and respected as a builder and administrator of a collection that has become a standard by which others are judged, she is known not only as a librarian but as a teacher, an unfailing source of information about Latin American library materials, and a scholar of the history of Mexico.


Leakage power is a major issue for short channel devices. As the technology is shrinking (i.e., 180nm, 90nm, 45nm. etc.) the leakage current is increasing very fast. So, several methods and techniques have been proposed for leakage reduction in CMOS digital integrated circuits. Leakage power dissipation has become a sizable proportion of the total power dissipation in integrated circuit. This paper demonstrates the ideas of 6T, 8T and 10T models with sleep transistors. This proposed SRAM cells give the advantages over basic 6T, 8T and 10T transistor models. The SRAM cell with sleep transistor shows better leakage reduction approach than stack approaches. Here in this paper Analog environment virtuoso (cadence) simulator is used for analysis of the power associated with CMOS SRAM cell for 180nm technology.


Aarti Kawlra is Assistant Professor in the Fashion Design Department at the National Institute of Fashion Technology in Chennai, India. She is co-author of National Handicrafts and Handlooms Museum, New Delhi. Her research has led her to work among handloom weavers in Tamil Nadu for more than a decade and taken her to the National Museum of Ethnology Osaka, Japan as a Visiting Scholar. The Kimono Body


Two hundred faeces sample were collected from cattle with different age and sex in AlDiwaniyah Province. The study was conducted in the period between November 2016 and November 2017. Salmonella typhimurium bacteria identified by routine methods such as culturing on selective media, biochemical test and agglutination test using monovalent and multivalent antisera. PCR was can detection type-1 fimbriae gene coding for fimC of Salmonella typhimurium. Results showed that Salmonella isolates were 14.5% in the bovine fecal samples. Also, the serotyping of isolates by using monovalent and polyvalent antisera revealed that all Salmonella isolates in cows were S. typhimurium. The PCR technique was used for detection of type-1 fimbriae coding gene by specific primer for fimC gene. All S. typhimurium isolates in cows appeared to be contained this gene show one distinct band MW.289 bp when electrophoresed on agarose gel. The results of this score indicated that the PCR technique potentate a loud specify in the disclosing of S. typhimurium especially the serotype that encoded to fimC gene type-1 fimbriae isolated from cows in comparison to other routine diagnostic tests. Keyword: Salmonella typhimurium, Type-1 fimbriae, Cows, Feases, PCR Available online at http://www.vetmedmosul.com ةموثرج صيخشتو لزع Salmonella typhimurium عونلا قيلختل رفشملا نيجلا نع فشكلاو ةرملبلا ةلسلس تلاعافت ةينقت لامعتساب لولأا يبدهلأ (PCR) حلاص داؤف ةنيز ١ رهزم يريم مسلب ، ٢ دهف نادمح دولخ، ٢ داوج يربص محمد، ٣ فيلك حلاف ابص ، ١ ١ كرتشملا ضارملأاو ثوحبلا ةدحو ،ة ٢ عرف ،ةيرطيبلا ةيرهجملا ءايحلأا ٣ ةجسنلأاو حيرشتلا عرف ، يرطيبلا بطلا ةيلك ، ،ةيسداقلا ةعماج قارعلا ،ةيناويدلا


Background: Ginseng is a well-known Chinese herb with many confi rmed clinical advantages. Ginseng formulation in combination with other chemicals is very interesting. The combination between ginseng and amino acid such as arginine is interesting. There are extremely limited reports on such ginseng-amino acid combination. Method: The present ontology study is to assess the ginseng-arginine combination. Results: In this study, a standard ontology study was used for assessing the resulted effect as an outcome of combination between ginseng and arginine. Conclusion: Based on this study, there is no new addition effect but some concurrent effects between ginseng and arginine can be identified.


The characteristics of execution time,the success requirements and the maintenance support conditions at the scene where the missions of the repairable systems are performed,are analyzed Considering all the factors with effects on mission success,the models of evaluating mission success probability in four cases are respectively provided.The first model presents the probability of systems not failing during determinate and random execution time of mission without any maintenance support conditions,the second studies the one of mission with the switching-in of spares,and the third studies the one of mission with maintenance support conditions of switching-in of spares and the repairs of failed items.The last model calculates the probability that systems can fail but the total downtime must be less than the given maximum value.Finally,for one of the models,an example is illustrated to show its application.


This paper describes a semi-automatic algorithm for extracting liver masks of CT scan volumes. The proposed method relies on two types of information: liver's shape and its intensity characteristics. Here the liver shape information is retained by measuring the shape similarities between consecutive slices of the liver's CT scans. This is done through a deformable registration scheme. The liver intensity is utilized by a multi-layer image segmentation algorithm that emphasizes on the true boundaries of the liver. The proposed algorithm is tested for MICCAI 2007 grand challenge workshop dataset. The average results for volumetric overlap error and relative volume difference is 11.12% and 2.21% respectively.


Spatial variations in fish assemblages in soft-substrata estuarine tidepools(n = 55, 0.6Ȃ 6.4 m2)were investigated on tidal flats 0Ȃ4 km from the mouth of the Tama River estuary, central Honshu, Japan in early June 2003. A total of 1,838 individuals, representing 2 families and 11 species, were collected during the study period. All fishes collected were less than 50 mm SL, being mostly gobiid juveniles and adults. Acanthogobius flavimanus was the most abundant species, comprising 52.2% of the total individual number, followed by Pseudogobius masago(24.6%), Gymnogobius macrognathos(12.7%), G. breunigii(7.0%), Mugil cephalus cephalus(1.0%), Favonigobius gymnauchen(0.9%), Mugilogobius abei(0.7%)and Eutaeniichthys gilli(0.5%). Of these, six benthic gobies except for G. breunigii and M. cephalus cephalus occurred at different densities in the lower, middle and upper estuarine areas. The canonical correspondence analysis using densities of abundant species in each tidepool revealed that spatial variations in the fish assemblage structures were largely associated with environmental variables, including mud shrimp-burrow density, median grain size, salinity, height above low tide level, water temperature, pool size and water depth.


The compound flavor oils were prepared,which were made from dried chillies and rapeseed oil,the optimum technology conditions for microwave-process of condiment oil of chill have been attained by response surface methodology(RSM) as follows: microwave power 488.50 W,ratio of liquid to material 2.00 and microwave heating time 148.59 s.Under these conditions,the color,fragrance and taste of condiment oil of chill are the best.


The presentation of lexicographic categories for a medium-sized monolingual explanatory dictionary is based on the Dictionary of Standard Slovenian (SSKJ) which is considered a foundation and should be consulted at least as a source for comparisons. This article brings an overview of lexicographic categories with a parallel listing of actual examples from SSKJ and because of this it can also be used as a suitable learning device for gaining insight into the structure of SSKJ and its lexicographic metalanguage.


The invention provides an orderly table data management method based on a Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) and a method and a system for reading table data. The orderly table data management method based on the HDFS comprises the following steps of: receiving the name of a to-be-operated table input by a user and bulk data comprising multiple operation records; sorting the received bulk data based on Hadoop, generating index data from the sorted bulk data, storing the sorted bulk data and the generated index data in a file form under a specified directory of the HDFS, and transmitting the name of the table, the file name of a file stored with the bulk data, the file name of a file stored with the index data and path data of the specified directory to a master server.


In many multi-body software based on the traditional theories of dynamics of multibody systems,parameters such as the mass,the center of mass and the moments of inertia of a body usually have to be given artificially,which results in many difficulties in practice applications,because these parameters are not easy to obtain especially when bodies are complicated in shape.This paper presented a methodology enables to overcome these difficulties.The main idea is to divide a body into many pieces with regular shape called rigid elements.Two kinds of element,the rigid beam element and the rigid tetrahedron element are constructed in this paper,with the consideration of their ability to represent any solid body.Based on the new methodology,a software with mesh generator was developed,which can obtain the inertia parameters of bodies with any shape automatically.The correctness of present rigid elements was verified by numerical examples.


. The dispersion relation of graviton is a fundamental issue for fundamental physics about gravity. In this paper we investigate how the modified dispersion relation of graviton affects the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra, in particular the B-mode polarization. Our results will be useful to test the dispersion relation of graviton at the energy scale around 10 − 29 eV.


Objective To study the improving effects of breviscapine on fatigue induced by D-galactose in mice.Methods The aging model of mice was produced by introperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg D-galactose for 48 d.The anti-fatigue effects of breviscapine were assessed by the mice of automatic action and experiment of swimming with weight.Results D-galactose(120 mg/kg,ip,48 d) significantly caused fatigue symptoms in mice.Compared with control group mice,the D-galactose mice showed a lowered automatic action number and a shortened swimming time with weight.5,10 and 20 mg/kg breviscapine markedly improved the above fatigue symptoms in D-galactose rats in different degree.Conclusion Breviscapine can ameliorate fatigues induced by D-galactose in mice.