Classical scholarship played a vital role in the intellectual concerns of early nineteenthcentury Germany. Situated at the crossroads of religion, history, and explorations of the development of the human mind, Greek mythology in particular was expected to shed light on the origins of civilization. In the search for the true nature of myth, the hermeneutic problems involved in historical understanding were intensified. As myth was held to be of a different nature than rationality, to read the sources was to look for a completely different referent of the texts than was the case in historical reconstruction. In the quests for a scientific mythology, K. 0. Muller (1797-1840) was often regarded as an opponent of F. Creuzer (1771-1858). Yet an analysis of their published work and of their private documents shows that they had much in common, a fact they both appreciated. In particular they held similar, deeply Romantic views on the religious origin of culture, in Miller's case inspired by Pietism, in Creuzer's by neo-Platonism. Creuzer's influence is revealed in Muller's Prolegomena zu einer wissenschaftlichen Mythologie (1825) and more specifically in his interpretation of the Amazons as worshippers of sexuality in Die Dorier (1824). Nevertheless, Muller differed from Creuzer in his views on the relationship of myth to history. Myth was not the reflection of a universal religion, sustained by a priestly class (as Creuzer had claimed), but the outcome of the encounter between the mental endowment of a people and local, historical circumstances. In the case of the Amazons, however, Muller assessed the connection of myth to history in defiance of his own theory, guided by his views on gender difference and on sexual morality. 1. This article forms a diptych with J. H. Blok, "Romantische Poesie, Naturphilosophie, Construktion der Geschichte: K. 0. Miller's Understanding of History and Myth," in K. 0. Mailer Reconsidered, ed. W. M. Calder III, H. Flashar, and R. Schlesier (Urbana, Ill., forthcoming in 1995). I am deeply indebted to the Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Historical Studies at Princeton University for granting me a Fellowship which enabled me to finish this work; and to all participants in the Davis Center Colloquium "Standards of Proof and Methods of Persuasion in the Discipline of History" (January 1993); in the Davis Center Archeology Colloquium (April 1994); and in the conference on "K. 0. Muller: Leben Leistung Wirkung" in Bad Homburg (March 1994), for stimulating criticism. In particular I want to express my gratitude to Stephen Larsen for sharing Creuzeriana, to F. R. Ankersmit for his comments on historical hermeneutics, to Suzanne Marchand and H. S. Versnel for overall discussion, to Sue Marchand once more for correcting my English and to Peter Mason for translating several parts of this account, appearing in J. H. Blok, The Early Amazons: Modern and Ancient Perspectives on a Persistent Myth (Leiden [BrilI], 1994). Biographical references are culled from K. 0. Muller, Kleine deutsche Schriften uber Religion, Kunst, Sprache und Literatur, Leben und Geschichte des A lthertums, nebst Erinnerungen aus dem Leben des Verfassers, ed. E. Muller, 2 vols. (Breslau, 1847-1848); the Kleine deutsche Schriften are here abbreviated KdS, E. Miller's biographical sketch as EMB. Letters are quoted from Carl Otfried Maller: Lebensbild in Briefen an seine Eltern, mit dem Tagebuch seiner italienisch-griechischen Reise, ed. Otto und Else Kern (Berlin, 1908), here abbreviated LMK; Aus dem amtlichen und This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Wed, 03 Aug 2016 06:19:02 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms QUESTS FOR A SCIENTIFIC MYTHOLOGY 27 Classical scholarship played a vital role in the intellectual concerns of early nineteenth-century Germany. Beginning in the final decades of the eighteenth century, the development of historical consciousness engendered fundamental changes in all fields of humanist knowledge. In these years of gradual transition, various points of view competed in defining the subject matter of history and the methodology it required. The intensity of the debates testifies to the urgency of finding common ground to the study of history. The importance of classical studies was not only due to the idealization of Greece which reinvigorated and reshaped the traditional authority of antiquity in European culture. Situated at the crossroads of religion, history, and explorations of the development of the human mind, Greek mythology in particular was held to shed light on the origins of civilization. Romanticism's critique of the Enlightenment could not but intensify the fascination with Greek culture in Germany and the quest for valid methods to establish its essence. In the search for the true nature of myth, hermeneutic problems came to the fore. When reading myth, one was obliged to look for a completely different referent of the texts than was the case in historical reconstruction. In the latter case, it was assumed that the texts reflected real historical events; mythology had to deal with a vast metamorphosis in the human spirit, to reach for a level that lay much deeper than that of historical analysis and to decipher a phenomenon of an entirely different, but as yet undefined quality. The Romantic desire to discern essential distinctions and to probe the soul made it even more pressing to find a perspective from which to reconcile unity and diversity. The more myth was held to be the product of a unique mental faculty, the more problematic its connection with historical discourse became. Investigators urgently sought a reliable method to find the way through the texts in order to reach this mythical entity. The written source material was to be removed layer by layer, until the interpreter left the realm of language altogether. A guide to this process was found in the increasingly popular field of comparative linguistics, particularly in etymology. Etymology's scientific claims were based on laws of linguistic change that, read backwards, gave access to strata of culture otherwise hidden from view. Linguistics was a scholarly endeavor equal to philological source criticism in its meticulous precision, but set on a different axis of time. The perception of myth as a specific, historically defined expression of the human mind made this subject a realm in which judgments on history, philosophy, and religion were both created and contested. In the early 1820s, K. 0. Muller (1797-1840) engaged in a debate with F. Creuzer (1771-1858) on the meaning of myth. It was not a debate in the regular sense wissenschaftlichen Briefwechsel von Carl Otfried Muller ausgewahite Stucke mit Erlauterungen, ed. 0. Kern (G6ttingen, 1936), here abbreviated BMK; and C. 0. Miller, Briefe aus einem Gelehrtenleben, 1797-1840, ed. S. Reiter (Berlin, 1950, II vols.), here abbreviated BMR. GGA indicates the Gottingsche GelehrteAnzeigen. Almost without exception, the authors discussed here are male; why they, almost without exception, perceived "mankind" and not "humankind" as the subject and object of history, I discuss in The Early Amazons, chap. I. Hence the gender vocabulary in this article reflects their contemporary assumptions. This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Wed, 03 Aug 2016 06:19:02 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Edinburgh Napier University (ENU) and Shanghai Normal University (SNU) have established a joint undergraduate programme in Civil Engineering. The dual-award programme is fully accredited by the Professional Body for Civil Engineering in the UK (the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE)) and is approved by the Ministry of Education in China. Such professional accreditation enables graduates of the programmes to practice as fully qualified civil engineers in China, in the UK and in many other countries in the world where the ICE accreditation is recognised. The four year long programme enables graduates to achieve the award BSc (Honours) Civil Engineering. Students study Years 1 ‐ 3 in Shanghai and then transfer to Edinburgh for Year 4. In total, more than one-third of the entire professional or technical course is taught in English. To enable this, staff from Edinburgh Napier University teach in Shanghai during Years 2 and 3. In this way, the students start to appreciate the significance of the English language throughout their studies, and naturally gain knowledge of the technical subjects in a truly international manner. Modules in structural mechanics, geotechnical engineering, structural design, structural analysis and project management are delivered and assessed in English in 2-week long blocks. Students wishing to progress to Year 4 in Edinburgh must achieve an IELTS score of 6.0 or more. This is readily achievable by most students having studied these modules in English in Shanghai. Students choosing not to study Year 4 in Edinburgh can instead study Year 4 in Shanghai where additional modules (Water Engineering, Highway Engineering and Railway Engineering) are delivered by Edinburgh Napier University staff. Students studying in Edinburgh experience a truly international dimension to their studies. Mixing with students of many other (mainly European) nationalities gives the Chinese students a real international experience. Living, studying and working in Edinburgh is very rewarding for the students and many chose to continue their studies to Masters level following completion of the BSc. This paper describes the structure of the joint programme, the mode by which it operates and the great opportunities that exist for all students enrolled on the programme.


The objectives of the research are to find out (1) how the teachers plan online learning in Indonesian language, (2) how the teachers implement online learning of Indonesian language, and how the teachers assess students' achievement in Indonesian language for senior high school students at Gorontalo City. The research used qualitative approach with case study. The informant were teacher and students. Data were collected by using observation, interview, and documents, and data were analyzed qualitatively. The research findings indicated that (1) teachers have done planning for online learning of Indonesian language according to syllabus and lesson plan of Indonesian language at students of senior high schools, (2) the teachers used online learning application when they taught Indonesian language, and (3) the teachers gave assessment to students in order to evaluate the students' learning achievement of Indonesian language. Therefore, online learning of Indonesian language has been done by teachers by applying zoom cloud meeting, google classroom, google form, and WhatsApp for communication.


The life course perspective, an emerging interdisciplinary perspective, has potential for helping social workers bridge their micro and macro worlds. This article provides an overview of the empirical and theoretical roots of the life course perspective and its basic concepts and major themes. Five basic concepts are defined and discussed: cohorts, transitions, trajectories, life events, and turning points. Six major themes that are emerging from interdisciplinary research are examined: interplay of human lives and historical time, timing of lives, linked or interdependent lives, human agency in making choices, diversity in life course trajectories, and developmental risk and protection. Strengths and limitations of the perspective for use by social workers are discussed and connections are made to narrative approaches to practice.


Using the best coherent risk measure derived from decision maker's risk averse utility, a dynamic risk-minimizing problem is discussed in Markov decision process. The risk spectrum for this coherent risk measure can inherit the risk averse property of the decision maker's utility function as weighting, This paper proposes how to introduce his risk aversity into decision making with risk estimation. A few numerical examples are given to understand the results in comparison with risk averse utility functions and the corresponding risk spectra.


Abstract In this study, an attempt has been made to modify the Hagen-Poiseuille equation by incorporating the mean flow pore diameter to derive an expression for the water permeability of needlepunched nonwovens based on the model of Lifshutz (INJ Spring, 18–24, 2005). A good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results has been obtained. A multiple regression technique has been employed to quantify the effect of the process parameters, namely feed rate, stroke frequency and depth of needle penetration on permeability characteristics of nonwoven structures. Furthermore, the effect of fabric area density and thickness on the permeability characteristics of nonwoven structures has also been investigated.


Public management has several forms and tools that help transparency of accountability. The population becomes one of the pieces that assists in the act of supervising. A key factor in this connection is information technology, as it is as necessary as having the laws to aid in the surveillance of public spending. The objective of this work was to identify the transparency index in the rendering of accounts by the portals of the municipalities of Campinas, Limeira, Americana, Sumaré and Hortolândia. The methodology defined by Biderman and Puttomatti (2011), was the tool used for the analysis of information, through government websites. After collecting, tabulating and analyzing the data, a greater index of transparency in the disclosure of information was found on the websites of the municipalities of Campinas, Americana and Limeira. The municipalities of Sumaré and Hortolândia had a lower transparency index in the year 2015.


The objective of this paper is to proceed to the analysis and then to obtain a new classification and spatialization of the tourist potential of a specific territory, for the purpose of a tourism development of its resources. Besides, such analysis sheds light on the assets and constraints of the territory itself by using geographical and technical documents, in respect such as national, regional and local tourism development plans. More to the point, results show that the territory of the province of Setif is of specific aptitudes for a consequent attractiveness and a complementarity of interesting natural and cultural resources, as well. Nevertheless, the study reveals numerous limitations such as the inadequate classification of the tourist potential, which is confirmed by the vague and generalised vision of the State throughout the region. In virtue of which, based on the obtained results, a new taxonomy of the tourism potential has been proposed for the purpose of helping the operators and actors involved in a participatory approach for a wider tourism development of the province of Setif.


This work presents a robot to assist patient transfer. Using this transfer support robot, the nurse can transfer the weak, injured or paralyzed patient from bed to stretcher or from stretcher to bed by oneself. Moreover, the equipment can alleviate the suffering, stress and uneasy feeling of the patient. This work describes the concept of basic design, the construction of mechanism and the composition of control system. The control principle and algorithm of a new servo system are proposed. The experimental results of the synchronous motion for 4 motors and safety function based on current detection indicated the effectiveness of this system.


Soil liquefaction has become an important consideration in the design of structures in seismically active regions. Many researchers have in the past attempted to determine the liquefaction potential of soils, but these studies concerned themselves with the liquefaction potential of fully saturated sands. In this paper, the writers establish a general relationship between the pore-pres-sure parameter, B and the initial degree of soil saturation, S o . By introducing the experimental values of B obtained from tests on loose Ottawa sand.


High energy implantation of dopant atoms is used to form buried layers of high conductivity in silicon. These layers have many potential applications, including triple wells for FLASH memory devices, buried layers for CCD devices, and damage induced gettering regions in all devices. In order to make optimum use of very high energy dopant implants, the depth and profile shape characteristics of these implants need to be determined. This paper presents the results of depth profiling by SIMS of implants of boron and phosphorus in silicon. The implants were done on an Eaten NV-GSD/VHE mechanically scanned implanter with energies of 1.7-3.0 MeV for boron and 35 MeV for phosphorus, doses of 1/spl times/10/sup 13//cm/sup 2/ to 1/spl times/10/sup 15//cm/sup 2/, and tilt/twist orientations of 0/spl deg//0/spl deg/, 5.2/spl deg//16.7/spl deg/, and 7/spl deg//27/spl deg/. The four central moments of the depth distributions, as well as the peak depth have been calculated for each of the profiles. The projected ranges of all these implants are underestimated by TRIM92 calculations.


The invention discloses a steel protection rail trolley used for borehole-blasting method construction of tunnels in moderate and above rock burst regions. The steel protection rail trolley comprises a cave-shaped steel protection framework, and a bottomless protection steel plate fixed on the steel protection framework in the length direction, wherein an I-shaped steel framework is welded above the top of the steel protection framework; a steel strand protection net is anchored on the steel framework; a plurality of wheels are mounted at the lower edge of the steel protection framework along the length direction of the steel protection framework; a detachable front end top plate is arranged at the front end of the steel protection framework; a plurality of rows and lines of shot holes for borehole-blasting positioning are formed in the front end top plate; a steel-made safety door is arranged at the lower part of the front end top plate; and furthermore, movable steel rails, which are mounted in the construction field, are arranged. Under the protection of the protection net, the steel protection rail trolley has a buffering effect on the falling of rock-burst falling stones so that a steel protection structure is protected, constructors are protected, and furthermore, the aim of safety construction is guaranteed. The disadvantages of a traditional construction method that a construction period is long, potential safety hazards are great, and the distribution of borehole-blasting shot holes is complicated are avoided; and the steel protection rail trolley has the advantages of simplicity in operation, low cost, safety guarantee, rapid construction progress and the like.


This paper is concerned with the semipiratical entrepreneurs who roamed the United States virtually unchecked before 1903, save for who the opposition of a few publicists and some short-lived vigilante committees. Contemporaries, following Henry Demarest Lloyd and Carl Schurz, likened businessmen of this type to the nobles who infested the Medieval Rhine. The term "robber barons" has stuck to them through the years despite occasional attempts at rehabilitating one or another who stood out above the throng by virtue of his accumulations or philanthropy. Only recently, for example, Howard Mumford Jones distinguished between the "cruelty" and the "culture" of these magnates whose behavior in the commercial-political and the artistic-literary fields he prefers to liken to the "commercial tyrants" of the Renaissance. No one to date, so far as I know, has attempted to distinguish from their strictly buccaneering activities the permanent contributions made by these businessmen as a group to American business practices. Such is the purpose of this paper.


Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) plays essential roles in tumor angiogenesis and growth by regulating the transcription of several key genes in response to hypoxic stress and growth factors. HIF‐1 is a heterodimeric transcriptional activator consisting of inducible α and constitutive β subunits. In oxygenated cells, proteins containing the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) directly sense intracellular oxygen concentrations. PHDs tag HIF‐1α subunits for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by prolyl hydroxylation using 2‐oxoglutarate (2‐OX) and dioxygen. Our recent studies showed that 2‐OX reduces HIF‐1α, erythropoietin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the hepatoma cell line Hep3B when under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Here, we report that similar results were obtained in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells in in vitro studies. Furthermore, 2‐OX showed potent antitumor effects in a mouse dorsal air sac assay and a murine tumor xenograft model. In the dorsal air sac assay, 2‐OX reduced the numbers of newly formed vessels induced by LLC cells. In a murine tumor xenograft model, intraperitoneal injection of 2‐OX significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor tissues. Moreover, 5‐fluorouracil combined with 2‐OX significantly inhibited tumor growth in this model, which was accompanied by reduction of Vegf gene expression and inhibited angiogenesis in tumor tissues. These results suggest that 2‐OX is a promising anti‐angiogenic therapeutic agent. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 1639–1647)


Analytic method is used to establish the mathematical model of the S1A-02 gas turbine,and the mathematical model of the improved electronic speed regulator of the gas turbine is also established on the basis of the analysis of the speed adjustment developed circuit.The model mainly involves the small deviation linearization method.This physical model of the gas turbine,developed based on MATLAB/simulink simulation software,obtained the accurate results.


The aim of this project is to analyze the behavior of nine injected micropiles of approximately 14 m of length and a diameter of 300 mm. They were installed in Guarulhos's soil, São Paulo, which is composed predominantly by clay. This micropile was performed by a drilling phase, given by washing and roto-percussion of a N80class structural tube with external diameter of 200 mm (8"), followed by the injection of cement grout in the space between the tube and the soil and, after the hardening of the prior injection, in the depth where were located the manchettes. The case used in the phase of excavation is lost and installed to act as the pile reinforcement. In order to evaluate the geotechnical capacity of the foundation and the load transfer to the ground, eight dynamic load tests and one compression static load test, instrumented along the depth. The results obtained by the dynamic load test were compared with the resistances obtained by means of the elastic rebound and refusal of the pile, while the load coming from the static load test was compared with semiempirical methods for prediction of load capacity, with this methods being a great estimative, in general. It was availed the load transference by the stiffness method of Décourt (2006) and the two lines method of Massad and Lazo (1998), both presenting some divergence regarding the lateral friction. At end, it was analyzed the potential improvement that the cement consumption in the injection could attribute to the load capacity of the pile, finding some correlation between the two values. Key-words: Injected micropile, semiempirical methods, dynamic methods, instrumented static load test, dynamic load test.


The plant and soil samples were collected in kunjirin village which is located at northeastern of Sulaimani Governorate, Iraq during August to September 2008. A cultivated fig (Ficus carica) (moraceae) and soil sample was taken from the orchard adjacent to serpentine soil in kunjirin village for study, the distribution of heavy metals concentration (cobalt, nickel, zinc, and manganese) in different organs (Leaves, branches, and Fruits) of the plant and soil was analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences of heavy metals concentration. The highest total heavy metal concentration was found in the leaves of fig plant and accounted for ( 104.78 µg/g dry weight) and the lowest amount was shown in the fruit (43.89 µg/g dry weight ) The results clarified that the soil of studied area are contaminated with some heavy metals , especially nickel . The concentration of nickel found in the soil of studied area was (25.6 µg/g) which is near to its concentration in serpentine soil (29.0 µg/g). The concentration of heavy metals in the studied area was reflected on the plant organs especially the leaves. The results demonstrated that the concentration of heavy metals in the fruits is lower than in the leaves and stem. The heavy metal contents in the fruit were found in legally admitted limits and fruit can be consumed by human being. Different concentration of organic acids (Citric acid, Fumaric acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid) were analyzed, the highest total organic acids were found in the plant fruit with the concentration of (178.9 µg/g dry weight), and the lower amount were found in the branches with the concentration of (55.12 µg/g dry weight).


A 32-bit floating-point signal processor IC is integrated with eight 16 K*4-bit SRAM (static random-access memory) chips on a silicon substrate, thus minimizing the parasitic loading of the process buffer and allowing zero-wait-state access to the full 64 Kbyte of memory. The module is rated at 25 MHz up to 125 degrees C and 70 MHz at liquid nitrogen temperature. The assembly is packaged in a standard 133-pin pin-grid-array (PGA) ceramic package identical in size and footprint to the package used for the signal processor IC alone. This packaging approach has significant potential for improving system performance and reducing cost. The signal processing module was designed to demonstrate these improvements. The electrical analysis and design criteria, the physical package, and testing strategies are described.<<ETX>>


We refute S. Rendón's recent criticism of the 2003 Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) conflict mortality study. We first show that his most important result, an alternative estimate of the mortality due to the Maoist guerrillas of Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso), is lower than existing observed data and is therefore impossible. We then analyze his statistical approach and find that it is affected by a subtle form of selection bias. We contrast his approach to the TRC's using tools from statistical decision theory, and determine that his method is inadequate for this problem—and that the TRC's approach is, at minimum, better. Without advocating for the TRC's original results, we conclude that Rendón's approach and methods are inferior to the TRC's original work.


Porous starch was produced by semi-continuous process.To release the inhibition of enzyme byglucose and utilize the enzyme efficiently, the enzyme was added in fed-batch and the released glucose fromstarch was removed in regular intervals.The optimum conditions for production were obtained by single factorand orthogonal experiments:raw starch slurry concentration(40 %), pH6.5, temperature 50 ℃, time 16 h, rotaryspeed 120 r/min and enzyme addition was the amount needed for 55 % hydrolysis of starch theoretically.Theincubation time was shortened from 30 h to 16 h compared to the continuous process.


The world's energy requirement has been dominated by petroleum oil for
centuries in many application fields, including transportation, household, and
electricity. Mineral oil as an important insulating material in transformers has been
used more than 150 years. Mineral oil application in power system equipment can be
potentially hazardous to the environment especially when there are any incidents
during operational time like transformer explosion which may cause a spill of oil to
the soil or water stream. Due to the concerns about the deducing petroleum resources
and the environmental issues, the alternative insulating oil with biodegradable
characteristics has been attracted lots of attentions for a couple of decades. In this
thesis, the dielectric properties of a type of mineral oil (Transformer Oil) and a type
of vegetable oil (RBDPO) were investigated, and the effect of heating on their
dielectric properties were studied as well. Since the heating effects on the dielectric
properties of insulating oil, such as breakdown voltage, kinetic viscosity, pH Value,
In addition to the partial discharge performance under the heating condition was
studied. All the experiments in this project were conducted at a heating condition for
the temperatures of 25⁰C, 50⁰C, 70⁰C, and 90⁰C. RBDPO was compared with
petroleum based mineral oil. The results of experiments incorporated showed the
potential of oil as a substitute RBDPO to the petroleum-based mineral oil. The BDV
tests incorporated showed that the high BDV for RBDPO enables it to avoid a
breakdown when the electric stressed. The average value of the BDV increases
slightly as the increase of the temperature. The potential of RBDPO, as an electrical
insulating liquid, to replace the petroleum-based mineral oil also can be concluded
from the viscosity and acidity tests. From the experiments and analysis, it has been
proven that the RBDPO is a good insulation because the kinetic viscosity for
RBDPO is low and very near from the viscosity of the petroleum-based mineral oil
after heating the oil to 50⁰C and above.


The supervisory alarm systems of modern power plant components are very complex as they generally involve a number of interconnected logic systems each comprising large numbers of AND, OR and NOT gates, Flip-Flops, Delay circuits and other logic elements. The derivation of rules, such as those required for an Expert System for real time fault location, is quite a difficult task and requires extensive plant knowledge and well as detailed familiarity with the logic circuits. This task is all the more formidable because of the delay elements and the fact that there may be a number of feedback loops in the logic circuits. Because of the complexity of this task, attention is directed at using computer aids to automate the procedure as far as possible. This paper describes such a procedure. It comprises a network search implemented in Prolog which searches backwards from a specified main effect (e.g. alarm) and determines all the basic events which result in this top event. Temporal effects due to the delay elements are included. Sample results, taken from comprehensive test results of the system, are used to show how the diagnosis system can be used to generate the solutions for both single and multiple output events. Future direction of the research work and the inclusion of the results in a real time expert system for alarm suppression is discussed.


Nowadays, in computer-generated diffractive optical element design or correlation filter computation, cell-oriented techniques incepted in the 1960's or early 1970's are sometimes still being used. It can seem surprising since point-oriented techniques have proved to provide better performance than cell-oriented ones. In this paper, we show that unless extremely short computation times are required, cell-oriented techniques should be avoided and point-oriented techniques should be preferably used because they always provide significantly better performance for a given space-bandwidth product: we extend the approach we already used for the implementation of correlation filters onto spatial light modulators (SLMs) to the design of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and their implementation onto SLMs. In any case, even if the design is much simpler and the physical meaning clearly appears when cell-oriented methods are used, the performance in terms of diffraction efficiency and signal to noise ratio remains poor. An objective comparison is given with the help of the optimal trade-off framework. Simulations as well as experimental results are provided for various cell-oriented and point-oriented methods. Optical implementations are carried out with a twisted nematic liquid crystal SLM.


the Palestinian West Bank government. His analysis, together with Mariangella Gasporotto's about the social reconfigurations and geographical mobilities around the city of Ramallah, provides us with a sense of what is going on in the social heart of colonized Palestine. At the level of culture, Elsa Grugeon shows how the religious practices of pilgrimage to alAqsa Mosque is re-imagined through the Internet in order to cope with the Israeli bans against Muslims from Palestine and from abroad. The two last chapters deal with recent developments in arts. Marion Slitine explains the emergence of the Palestinian contemporary arts and their internationalization, their connection to the West, and their struggle with identity politics. Najla Nakhlé-Cerruti narrates the experiment of the Ashtar Theater which, from Ramallah, manages to launch a participative, therapeutic, and artistic endeavor with the 2010 piece "The Gaza Monologues." The chapters are well documented through archives, digital archives, and qualitative original research, but they lack biographical information about the authors. As a whole, the book shows how, despite all the death and blood and suffering, more Palestinians than ever (maybe 12 million today) do survive and live under and over layers of political rubbles. Due to the Israeli military closure of the Gaza strip, however, the chapter's choice seems very much West-Bank centered. Also while Islam is a significant political force in Palestine, it is nearly absent of the book. This is unfortunate, as there is a lot to say about Islamic websites and networks, socially and politically, globally and locally. These shortcomings raise some questions about the political delimitation of the book, which is not discussed. Likewise, gender is only marginally present : male-centered history is presented as a global history. Finally, doing research from the North about a colonized society is ethically difficult : the approach here is still a top-down one, "about them" and not "with them" although decolonial methodologies are nowadays legitimate; but such a microscopic anthropological collection of research produces a deep archival snapshot of a colonized society at a certain time, that can also be considered as a necessary proof of life.


The development of Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular technology has created several new technologies in the Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) environment. One of which is Cellular Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X). There are two communication models in the C-V2X, namely Mode 3 and Mode 4. In Mode 4, data transmission is carried out directly between vehicles using the PC5 interface. This study investigates the performance of C-V2X Mode 4 in high-density traffics highway scenarios using the OpenCV2X framework. The initial simulation results show that the performance of Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) has not been able to reach the value of 99%. Using the resource keep probability value Prk =0.8 can significantly improve PDR performance by 3.64% and 12.93% for the NV = 100 (low-density) and NV = 200 (high-density) scenarios, respectively. Likewise, the noSCI error values showed an increase of 99.88% and 99.78% for the low-density and high- density scenarios, respectively.


Despite the recent advancements in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), the recognition of accented speech still remains a dominant problem. In order to create more inclusive ASR systems, research has shown that the integration of accent information, as part of a larger ASR framework, can lead to the mitigation of accented speech errors. We address multilingual accent classification through the ECAPA-TDNN and Wav2Vec 2.0/XLSR architectures which have been proven to perform well on a variety of speech-related downstream tasks. We introduce a simple-to-follow recipe aligned to the SpeechBrain toolkit for accent classification based on Common Voice 7.0 (English) and Common Voice 11.0 (Italian, German, and Spanish). Furthermore, we establish new state-of-the-art for English accent classification with as high as 95% accuracy. We also study the internal categorization of the Wav2Vev 2.0 embeddings through t-SNE, noting that there is a level of clustering based on phonological similarity. (Our recipe is open-source in the SpeechBrain toolkit, see: https://github.com/speechbrain/speechbrain/tree/develop/recipes)


In order to clarify the mechanisms of primary dysmenorrhea, the initiation of uterine hyperactivity and pain as well as the therapeutic effect of an oral contraceptive was studied in women with this condition. The uterine contractions were studied by means of intrauterine pressure recordings. The perceived pain was simultaneously recorded on a specially constructed visual analogue scale which was continuously handled by the subjects. The recordings were made during dysmenorrhea, after one and six months of oral contraceptive treatment. Furthermore, the innervation and vasocontractility of the uterine artery and its branches investigated in vitro in hysterectomy preparations from non-pregnant women. During dysmenorrhea plasma concentrations of vasopressin, a prostaglandin F-metabolite, uterine contractility and perceived pain were correlated over ten minute periods only in a few cases. The levels of vasopressin and prostaglandin F-metabolite were increased in the women with dysmenorrhea compared to healthy women. Infusion of hypertonic saline solution in women with primary dysmenorrhea stimulated not only vasopressin secretion, but also the release of oxytocin and increased the uterine activity and pain. A similar response was obtained after one month of oral contraceptive treatment. The increased vasopressin level had n o influence on the plasma concentration of a prostaglandin F-metabolite. Treatment of women with primary dysmenorrhea by an oral contraceptive decreased the plasma concentrations of vasopressin, oxytocin and a prostaglandin F-metabolite and abolished the uterine hyperactivity and pain at the withdrawal bleedings after one and six months. Responses to vasopressin and prostaglandin F,, were only slightly reduced. Arginine vasopressin was a potent vasoconstrictor of the uterine artery and was followed in order of effect by endothelin, oxytocin and noradrenaline. All these substances also gave the strongest responses from the smaller branches of the artery, the so-called resistance arteries. Immunohistochemical investigations showed that the human uterine artery is supplied by adrenergic, cholinergic and peptidergic populations of nerves. It is concluded that primary dysmenorrhea has a complex etiology with increased plasma levels of vasopressin, prostaglandin FZu, and possibly also oxytocin, stimulating the myometrial contractions and inducing pain. Vasopressin might also, by initiating contractions of the smooth muscle of the uterine arteries, induce uterine ischemia. The therapeutic effect of an oral contraceptive is mainly due to inhibition of ovulation and reduced plasma levels of the uterine stimulants vasopressin, prostaglandin F,, and possibly also oxytocin, while decreased uterine sensitivity to these substances seems to be less important.


In this paper, the dynamic transformation process of marketing channel strategies of Japanese appliance companies is analyzed. The drivers of dynamic transformation of marketing channel strategies is examined. The characteristics of two types of marketing channel models are pointed out.


Ayurveda has given rise to many concepts. Kala is also one of them. There are many scattered references regarding a Kala. Pittadhara Kala is sixth in order. There is an association of Agni i.e. Pachakagni and Pittadhara kala (Aadhar Aadhey Bhava). This is an effort to emphasize the critical association of Agni and Pittadhara Kala and its correlation with digestive enzymesaccording to modern point of view.


"Observations Lead the Way" • Is a collaborative measurement campaign, co-located with a long-term environmental observatory of the German TERENO (TERrestrial ENvironmental Observatories) network in mountainous terrain of the Bavarian Prealps, Germany. • Combines the benefits of a long-term environmental monitoring approach (TERENO) with a series of intensive campaigns, to bridge across a wide span of spatial and temporal scales. • Explores the question how well measured and modeled components of biogeochemical and biophysical cycles match at the interfaces of soils, vegetation and the atmosphere, and across various spatial and temporal scales. • Hosted a variety of ground-based and airborne instruments for in-situ and remote sensing in June and July 2016. For more details, see http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/ 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00277.1, http://scalex.imk-ifu.kit.edu UFO experiment


Product derivation in software product line engineering starts with selection of variable features manifested in a feature model. Selection of variable features for a particular product, however, is not made arbitrarily. There are various factors affecting feature selection. In this paper, we propose a method for deriving an optimal product feature configuration that maximizes required quality attributes. Specifically, this paper describes a technique for deriving an optimal solution by mapping the problem of deriving an optimal product feature configuration to binary integer programming, which is an optimization technique.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for supporting multiple frequency allocations in a wireless communication down system, a method of the operation of the terminal for supporting multi-carrier transmission in a wireless communication system performs the steps of network entry during transfer, the process of negotiating a base station and multicarrier operation, when supporting the base station and the multicarrier operation mode, the first control message by the terminal includes information for all the multiple carriers configured to support the base station process and the steps of receiving a second control message including at least one of the assigned index information carrier for multi-carrier operation from the base station, at least one for multi-carrier operation from the base station to a process of searching the configuration information for the carrier corresponding to the index of more than three assigned carrier Hints, effectively has the advantage that large volumes of data can be transmitted and received.


1. Text management system platform instant messaging (IM, IM), comprising at least one terminal configured to display avatar and comprising: a control unit configured to identify an area in which the action takes place, determine the virtual cell of the first avatar in in respect of which the said area is made an action of the operation corresponding to said action of the virtual element, second layout update the avatar of the second compound Avat ra with the virtual element. ! 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the control module comprises: a display unit configured to display the virtual elements forming the first avatar and virtual elements forming a second avatar; ! Copy module connected to the mapping module and configured to copy the first virtual cell, and to obtain a copy of the virtual cell need to click on the virtual avatar first element; ! layout module connected respectively with the display module and a copy and configured to detect the area on which the user clicked or region in which the button is released the computer mouse, the definition of the second virtual element of the second avatar, for which in said region committed specified action, and replacing the second virtual element arranged in said region, on the copy of the virtual cell; ! a storage unit connected respectively to the display module, and copy module assembly and configured for storing


Essential hypertension is a chronic medical condition affecting thousands of people worldwide. It is polygenic and multi-factorial disease resulting from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Essential hypertension is implicated in cerebrovascular, cardiovascular and renal diseases. MicroRNAs are considered endogenous, non-coding regulators of gene expression by targeting specific mRNAs for degradation and/ or translational repression. MicroRNAs participate in a variety of developmental processes as metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Many studies have reported the possibility of using miRNAs as new biological markers for polygenic diseases as cancer, stem cell aging, coronary heart disease, and essential hypertension. The stability of these miRNAs as miRNA let-7e, miRNA 296-5p, miRNA 605, and miRNA 623 in biological fluids makes them amenable to detection and quantification. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which miRNAs can control normal cellular processes and gene expression and the association of some circulating miRNAs with the incidence of different diseases, particularly essential hypertension.


This paper presents a study for predicting crack initiation angle in the case of mixed mode fracture i.e., opening and sliding mode. Experimental and numerical analyses were carried out using photoelasticity and ANSYS finite element program, respectively. Polycarbonate specimens with a thickness of 3mm and different angles of inclinations namely 0° and 22.5° were considered in this analysis. Predicting the crack initiation angles is dependent on the value of stress in the vicinity of the crack tip. As a result, stress intensity factor is considered as the most significant parameter in this regard because it represents the stress level at the crack tip. In experimental analysis Schroedl and Smith method is used to calculate the pure opening mode stress intensity factor (KI ) and Smith and Smith method for the mixed mode case (KI & KII ). Then, SIF's for straight and inclined crack are determined numerically using ANSYS. After that, the values of stress intensities are incorporated in minimum strain energy density criterion (S-Criterion) to find the crack's angle of initiation.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


An efficient method for catalytic asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) of allylic phosphates with vinylaluminum reagents is reported. The vinylmetal reagents are prepared by reaction of commercially available DIBAL-H and a terminal alkyne. The resulting vinylaluminum reagent can be used directly, without isolation or purification. AAA reactions are promoted in the presence of 0.5−2.5 mol % of a readily available chiral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex and 1−5 mol % commercially available and air stable Cu salt (CuCl2·2H2O). The desired products are typically obtained within 2−12 h in 74% to 95% isolated yield, 77% to >98% ee, and in >98% E selectivity; >98% SN2' selectivity is obtained in all but one instance (90%). The hydroalumination/catalytic AAA sequence can be performed in a single vessel, on gram scale.


Analysis of the amino acid sequence of glycoproteins has suggested the β‐turn as a likely site of glycosylation in glycoproteins. According to this model, the peptide chain traverses the interior of a globular protein, reversing its direction at the protein surface, a likely point for the attachment of hydrophilic carbohydrate residues. In order to search for plausible conformations of glycosylated β‐turns in asparagine‐linked glycoproteins, we have adapted the conformational energy calculation method of Scheraga and coworkers for use in carbohydrates. The parameters for nonbonded and hydrogen‐bonded interactions have been published, and electrostatic parameters are derived from a CNDO calculation on a model glycopeptide. Our results indicate that the orientation of the glycosyl amide bond having the amide proton nearly trans to the anomeric proton of the sugar has the lowest energy. Although CD and nmr experiments in our laboratory have consistently found this conformation, our calculations show the conformation having these two protons in a cis relationship to lie very close in energy. Calculations on the glycopeptide linkage model, α‐N‐acetyl, δ‐N(2‐acetamido‐1,2‐dideoxy‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)‐N′‐methyl‐L‐asparaginyl amide show that several distinct geometries are allowed for glycosylated β‐turns. For a type I β‐turn, three conformations of the glycosylated side chain are found within 4 kcal of the minimum, while two conformations of the glycosylated side chain are allowed for a type II turn. The hydrogen‐bonded C7 conformation is also allowed. Stereoviews of the low‐energy conformations reveal no major hydrogen‐bonding interaction between the peptide and sugar.


This study investigates the effect of moisture content on the bending fatigue properties of T300/914 composite laminates immersed in water for 7 days and 14 days. Displacement-controlled three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted on specimens. After 40,000 cycles the fatigue test was stopped and the properties were measured on the tested specimens. Reduction in material strength was found to depend on the level of moisture content. Experimental results reveal that the moisture content in the laminates increased with immersion time and that moisture absorption accelerated damage propagation in the composite. Hygrothermal ageing lowered the threshold level for the onset of fatigue. The experimental results were further validated by the supportive micrographs that illustrate different moisture content and their morphology before and after moisture absorption.


The paper is about mirila - a death ritual from the Dalmatian hinterland. Based on the research of the spatial and historical context of the phenomenon author contemplated about the possible origin and meaning of this ritual. He corelate its distribution with population migrations in the area along with other burial customs of the linguisticaly similar yet geographically distant peoples.


The paper deals with the perception of teaching creation presentations and presentation skills at the University. Summarizes the results of the survey focused on teaching presentations and understanding quality of presentations depending on the education. The survey indicates that teaching is mostly focused on using the program for creating presentations (mostly MS PowerPoint) and setting the rules of presentation. In this paper we discuss the use of Inquiry-based learning to create an idea about preparing presentations. It is introduced education proposal including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of this approach.


s 101 Germany). The obtained PTT values (74.86 8.63 ms) were compared with PTT evaluated on the same subjects by means of applanation tonometry applied simultaneously on the same locations (75.85 8.61 ms). The two techniques were very well correlated (rZ0.89, P<0.001 , Spearman rho 0.88) and values were not statistically different (pZ0.377). Our preliminary results demonstrate that laser-based non-contact measurement of pulse transit time is feasible in young healthy volunteers, and yields values that are equivalent to those measured using arterial applanation tonometry. Clinical application of this appealing non-invasive method can overcome practical and technical limitations inherent to currently used methods such as arterial applanation tonometry, ultrasound, plethysmography, requiring physical contact of the probe with the patient. doi:10.1016/j.artres.2008.08.343 P1.37 NON-INVASIVE QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS WITH THE PULSE WAVE VELOCITY I. Orlova, F. Ageev, I. Barinova. Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation Arterial stiffness is a predictor of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to develop a method of coronary atherosclerosis severity assessment by means of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). MATERIALS AND METHODS. We measured baPWV in 126 males (age 56,2 8,9) who received coronary angiographic examination (CAG). baPWV was measured by Vasera VS-1000 (Fukuda Denshi). RESULTS The patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the number of major coronary arteries having stenosis, that is, 1 vessel disease (1VD) group, 2VD group and 3VD group. The baPWV value was significantly greater in 2VD (n Z 46, baPWVZ 13,82 2,40 m/sec, pZ0,049) and 3VD groups (n Z 44, baPWV Z14,38 2,97 m/sec, pZ0,0028) than that in 1VD group (n Z 36, baPWVZ 12,49 2,17 m/sec). No significant difference was observed between PWV value in 2VD and 3VD groups. To further investigate the relationship between baPWV values and CAG findings, we assessed the severity of stenosis (1 group less than 75% stenosis, 2gr. 75 to 99% stenosis, and 3gr. complete occlusion, respectively). The baPWV value was significantly greater in 2 (n Z 56, baPWVZ 13,84 2,25 m/sec, pZ0,025) and 3 groups (n Z 45, baPWVZ 14,16 3,32 m/sec, pZ0,007) than that in 1 group (n Z 25, baPWVZ 12,23 1,42m/sec). No significant difference was observed between baPWV value in 2 and 3 groups. CONCLUSION. baPWV significantly increases with the number of affected vessels and severity of stenosis which indicates that it is a powerful diagnostic instrument for determining coronary artery atherosclerosis in males. doi:10.1016/j.artres.2008.08.344 P1.38 CONVERSION BETWEEN DEFINITIONS OF PULSE WAVE VELOCITY S.J. Vermeersch , E. Rietzschel , T.C. Gillebert , S. Laurent , P. Boutouyrie , P. Segers . 1 IBiTech, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium 2 Dept. Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium 3 Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM UMRS872, APHP HEGP, Dept. Pharmacology, Paris, France Background: Different methodologies for determination of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) exist. Distance (L) can be measured from carotid-femoral measurement sites (Ldirect) or obtained by subtracting carotid-sternum from sternum-femoral distances (Lsubtracted). Transit times are usually obtained either by detection of the maximal upstroke (Dtmaximal upstroke) or the foot (Dtintersecting tangent) of the waveform at the measurement sites. This study investigates conversion factors between PWV methodologies. Methods: 3043 subjects in which both distance measurements were available were divided into model and validation groups (1502/1541 subjects, respectively). In the model population the main determinants of the ratiodistance Z Lsubtracted/Ldirect were determined and a multivariate model was constructed. Estimated ratiodistance,est was used to convert from PWVdirect to PWVsubtracted,est in the validation population. PWVsubtracted,est was compared to measured PWVsubtracted. Ninety three subjects in which both transit times were available were divided into model and validation groups (46/47 subjects, respectively). In the model population a model for estimation of Dtmaximal upstroke,est from Dtintersecting tangent was constructed and used to estimate Dtmaximal upstroke,est in the validation population. Dtmaximal upstroke,est was compared to measured Dtmaximal upstroke. Data are presented as mean(stdev). Results: The main determinants of ratiodistance were age (R Z0.17) and BMI (RZ0.15) (combined: RZ0.27, all P<0.001). PWVsubtracted,est correlated well with PWVsubtracted (RZ0.97, P<0.001) with mean difference of 0.0007 (0.40) m/s. Dtmaximal upstroke,est correlated well with Dtmaximal upstroke,est (RZ0.82, P<0.001) and mean difference of 0.58 (1.03) m/s. Conclusions: Differences in absolute PWV values are important to compensate for in order to compare between studies. The models proposed allow for such conversion. doi:10.1016/j.artres.2008.08.345


As a young adult I often journeyed back ''home'' from New York City (NYC) to visit my parents and siblings, travelling on an inexpensive commercial bus known as Greyhound. The bus would rumble out of one of the large, busy, central transportation hubs in NYC and begin its halting 4 or 5 hour trek (depending on the number of stops), toward my hometown of Ithaca, New York. Ithaca is situated at the tip of Cayuga Lake, the largest of 11 long, slender bodies of water known collectively as the Finger Lakes. Ithaca's business district is nestled snuggly at the southern base of the lake surrounded on three sides by steep hills. If requested, the Greyhound driver would discharge a passenger at an intersection on the West Hill, before descending downtown. I often got off here, making the rest of the way on foot to my parents' house. Stepping off the bus, I always entered a liminal space, requiring recalibration of my senses. NYC never sleeps, even if its residents do. Cacophony is the city's sound track, varied and layered. Sometimes it is discordant, other times harmonic, but there is a perpetual baseline of noise. For example, vehicles respond to traffic lights, ordering them to stop, warning them to slow down, or releasing them from idling. On command, brigades of cars, buses, and trucks, screech, squeal, grunt, hiss, and rumble in response to these signals in metered rhythms. Layered atop the traffic track, are brassy sounds—proximal or distant—as horns toot or blare, depending on the frustration level of the driver. A police car might blast its siren, in rapid staccato, to nudge aside a car, or a fire engine's might wail with impatient urgency, parting rivers of vehicles. Overhead you may hear the rhythmic whirling of a traffic helicopter, hovering in place, or the roar of an ascending airplane, a sound which quickly dissipates only to be replaced, minutes later, by another plane. In short, sounds come from above and below, near and far, but they play on in the continuous loop of the urban soundtrack. Qualitative Social Work 2015, Vol. 14(4) 447–452 ! The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1473325015588856 qsw.sagepub.com


In discriminant analysis, the correlations between the variables and the discriminant functions-structure coefficients-are used in interpretation. Rules of thumb are used to set a cutoff value because there are no formulas for the standard error of structure coefficients. The bootstrap procedure can be used to estimate standard errors and confidence intervals via resampling. A set of SAS macros are described that perform a bootstrap analysis on structure coefficients from a discriminant analysis.


In childmental health, irritability is everywhere and nowhere at once. Irritability is the most common reason children are brought for psychiatric evaluation (.40% of emergency department cases; .20% of outpatients [1–3]). Irritability is an explicit diagnostic criterion or associated symptom for multiple DSM diagnoses affecting children and adults, including mania in bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiantdisorder, autismspectrumdisorder (ASD), and thenew DSM-5disruptivemooddysregulationdisorder (DMDD), plus child-specific modifications to the major depressive episode criteria. Irritability is linked to significant impairment in adulthood, including academic problems, poverty, psychopathology, and suicidality (4–6). Yet there is no reliable marker, measure, or test to help clinicians determine which diagnosis (or diagnoses) involving irritability an individual patient has or which treatment for irritability would work best. Indeed, the lack of such biomarkers is one factor contributing to the overdiagnosis or misdiagnosisof theseconditions.Forexample,upto20%ofchildren discharged from psychiatric hospitalization are diagnosed with bipolar disorder (7); rates of children with ASD increased 78% from 2002 to 2008, accounting for 1 of every 88 children (8); and 28% more children were medicated for ADHD in 2011 than in 2007 (9). There is a clear need to get somewhere along the path toward a greater biological understanding of irritability across the lifespan. The study reported by Roberson-Nay et al. in this issue of the Journal (10) is an important step on that path. This study examined the temporal pattern of genetic and environmental effects of irritability. To achieve this goal, the investigators harnesseddata from the SwedishTwinStudy ofChildren and AdolescentDevelopment,whichassessed twins in fourwaves between ages 8 and 20 (wave 1, ages 8–9; wave 2, ages 13–14; wave 3, ages 16–17; and wave 4, ages 19–20). Altogether, 1,310 twin pairs participated, including 267 female/female monozygotic, 199 female/female dizygotic, 254 male/male monozygotic, 182male/maledizygotic, and408opposite-sexdizygotic twin pairs. Irritability was assessed using the parent-completed Child Behavior Checklist and the twin-completed Youth SelfReport (at waves 2 and 3) and the Adult Behavior Checklist (at wave 4). The study demonstrated that the genetic effects on irritability are strong, are developmentally dynamic frommiddle childhood through young adulthood, and are associated with distinct patterns in males and females. In males, genetic influences on irritability increased with age, while nonshared environmental influences weakened. In contrast, in females, genetic influences on irritabilitywere initially strong, and then declined with age, while nonshared environmental influences were stable throughout development. Notably, shared environmentwasnotaprimary influenceonirritability formalesor females, accounting for only 1%25% of the variability. This study is significant because it moves us closer toward the goal of identifying biobehavioral markers of irritability. From a psychopathology perspective, it suggests biologically determined trajectories of irritability that could improve our classification and diagnosis of irritability. From a treatment perspective, it suggests developmentally salient periods that might be ripe for targeted treatments. The study also serves as a response to a call, made during a 2014 conference sponsoredby theNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), for more research on the biological underpinnings of irritability. How do we get to a point where such biobehavioral markers augment clinicians'work with actual patients? Yogi Berra provided important guidance for this journey: "You've got to be very careful if you don't knowwhere you're going, because you might not get there." It would be both easy and unfortunate if we gave up on this journey because researching irritability, particularly in children, is complicated. The greatest issue is the lack of a well-accepted definition of irritability. While most clinicians know irritability when they see it (to paraphrase Justice Potter Stewart), we lack consensus about what irritability is and how to differentiate pathological irritability from typical development, or irritability in one disorder from in another. Thanks to work testing potential definitions during the past decade, we are further along the path. Among these efforts include thework of EllenLeibenluft,M.D. (a coauthor on the Roberson-Nay et al.) in relation to children with primary mood disorders. Dr. Leibenluft employed a neuroscience definition of irritability as "markedly increased reactivity This study is significant because it moves us closer toward the goal of identifying biobehavioral markers of irritability.


Background: Umbilical cord hernia is an uncommon umbilical anomaly which develops during 10th to 12th weeks of gestational age owing to failure of complete bowel return into coelomic cavity. In extremely rare cases appendix is the only trapped organ in hernia sac which may erode the overlying membrane and simulate umbili-cal granuloma.
Case Report: Two infants presented with delayed umbilical cord separation with a reddish mass at umbilicus which was initially diagnosed as umbilical granuloma. Surgical exploration on failure of conservative measures revealed it as vermiform appendix. Appendectomy was done in both cases.
Conclusion: Vermiform appendix at umbilicus is a rare congenital anomaly and may simulate other pathologies at umbilicus.


During routine dissection conducted for undergraduates study in the Department of Anatomy, Kolkata Medical College, variations in the course of musculocutaneous nerve was found in two cadavers.In normal individuals the Musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, passes inferolaterally and then pierces through the coracobrachialis muscle after supplying it. Then it descends between the biceps and the brachialis muscle, sending branches to both the muscle and continues as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. In our cases we found that the musculocutaneous nerve did not pierce the coracobrachialis muscle and in the middle 1/3 rd of arm, it


In the structure of all ischemic strokes, cardioembolic stroke (CES) takes 2nd place in prevalence after atherothrombotic. A frequent complication (CES) is cognitive impairment of varying severity. The key point of the research was to evaluate the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients who underwent (CES) at different periods of treatment. 33 patients were examined in different periods after a stroke (acute — 10—21 days after the occurrence of CES and early recovery 40— 60 days after the occurrence of CES). In the group of men and women, patients aged from 61 to 70 years were significantly more likely to meet. The functional state of patients was evaluated by the Barthel index, on the Rankine scale. The definition of cognitive functions was carried out using the MMSE scale. The level of forming correlates with the level of restoration of cognitive functions and the level of their social adaptation. With the localization of lesions focuses in the vertebrobasilar pool, better recovery of cognitive functions is noted. Positive dynamics of cognitive impairment is noted in the early recovery period of CES in the direction of increasing scores on the MMSE scale compared with the acute period. A higher level of social adaptation determined by the Barthel index and the Rankine index contributes to a better recovery of cognitive functions of patients with CES
Key words: ischemic cardioembolicstroke, cognitive impairment, strokeperiods


A mathematical statement is developed describing the three-dimensional magnetic field and electromagnetic force field induced in a slab or in a billet, through the application of stirring coils in a continuous casting process. These problems are necessarily three-dimensional because of the inherent features of the system geometry, although two-dimensional simplifications are of course possible.The resultant equations are solved numerically, and results are presented for both a slab with a linear stirrer and a billet with a rotary stirrer. The computed results have shown that within the vertical sections covered by the inductor the electromagnetic force fields obtained were very close to values that would have been obtainable through a two-dimensional approximation. However, on approaching the vertical position corresponding to the outer edge of the inductor, the electromagnetic force field vector decayed quite rapidly and additional force field components appeared. This behavior could not have been predicted on the basis of a two-dimensional analysis.


With the localization of STEM education, this research tried to integrate interdisciplinary knowledge based on local characteristics and culture. We designed and developed a C-STEAM curriculum with the cultural background of Kulangsu, a World Heritage Site, to allow students to perceive culture from the perspective of engineering disciplines and develop their creative thinking and comprehensive Internet application skills. This curriculum integrates the fields of art history, architecture and gardening, programming, as well as engineering design. Using Kulangsu as a model, we also developed a sandbox teaching aid that included 150 architectural puzzles, Arduino boards, and expandable sensors. In the teaching practice, students' creative thinking and comprehensive application skills were statistically analyzed. The teaching effectiveness was comprehensively evaluated by having students use the IoT mindset to solve problems.


The Optical Monitor is a part of the JET-X experiment which will fly on board the Soviet satellite Spectrum-X-Gamma. The reflector is a Ritchey-Chretien with an aperture of 260 mm, and there are two frame transfer CCD detectors. The scientific objectives of the Optical Monitor are observations in the optical and UV bands simultaneously with X-ray, the real time identification of X-ray sources with mv less than or equal to 22 and detection of their variability, the improvement of the post-facto spacecraft attitude reconstruction for the X-ray observations, and the serendipitous mode search for microvariability of the bright stars to develop the research field of asteroseismology. Since long integration times are required for the faint object detection, a dedicated servo loop operating on the secondary mirror is developed for the stabilization of the images against the drift of the satellite.


Whilst theorists in physics have been striving for a 'theory of everything' to explain the interconnections of matter across time and space (Hawking, 2006), western social theories are largely segmented and situated within a limited scope of time and space with little attention to the multiple dimensions of reality that western physics and indigenous knowledge have already validated (Blackstock, 2009a,b). Ten years ago, I developed the Breath of Life theory (Blackstock, 2011) to provoke a conversation about Indigenous ontological approaches that place human experience in an interconnected web of reality across time, space and dimensions of reality. The overall goal was to engage other theorists into the communal building of a 'theory of everything' to inform social sciences and to highlight the richness of Indigenous ontology and epistemology. This article revisits the Breath of Life theory and argues that a greater emphasis on equity within and between the relational worldview principles (Cross, 2007) would be a useful modification.


Mia Muurimaki's Ph.D. thesis Nykytaiteen politiikka museokontekstissa [ Contemporary Art and Politics in the Museum Context ] deals with the politics of encountering contemporary art in the museum context. As a case study, she has chosen The Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art in Helsinki, which was founded in 1998. The empirical data has been collected in connection with three exhibitions: Landscape (2007), Wind from the East (2007), and ARS11 (2011).


In general, other conventional researches propose the fuzzy Petri net-based fuzzy reasoning algorithms based on the exhaustive search algorithms. If it can allow the certainty factors representing in the fuzzy production rules to use as the heuristic information, then it can allow the reasoning of rule-based systems to perform fuzzy reasoning in more effective manner. This paper presents a fuzzy Petri net(FPN) model to represent the fuzzy production rules of a rule-based system. Based on the fuzzy Petri net model, a weighted fuzzy reasoning algorithm is proposed to perform the fuzzy reasoning automatically. This algorithm is more effective and more intelligent reasoning than other reasoning methods because it can perform fuzzy reasoning using the certainty factors which are provided by domain experts as heuristic information.


AK-10 gasoline engines couldn't start perfectly due to inaccurate timing of the sparks,a design solution was developed to solve the problem according to constructional feature of the start-ignition system in this study:automatic centrifugal regulator of magneto was replaced by connecting plate and driving pawl was adjusted.The result shows the design solution adjusts the timing of the sparks successfully and the engine could start easily.The solution could be widely used in start-ignition system for AK-10 gasoline engines to correct the inaccurate timing of the sparks because of the easy reliable and simple operation.


We find the exact ground state energy and magnetic moment for an arbitrary magnetic field H of the classical Heisenberg model of spins on the vertices of an icosidodecahedron. This model provides an accurate description of the magnetic properties of the giant paramagnetic molecule {l_brace}Mo{sub 72}Fe{sub 30}{r_brace} in which 30 Fe{sup 3+} ions are coupled via antiferromagnetic exchange. The strong frustration of the magnetic interaction in the molecule is relaxed when the angle between nearest-neighbor spins is 120{sup o}. We predict that the magnetic moment is linear with H until saturating at a critical field H{sub c}, and this is consistent with the results of a recent experiment at 0.46 K. We derive our results using a graph-theoretical construction and a special property, three-colorability, of the icosidodecahedron. We also consider spins on the vertices of an octahedron, icosahedron, and dodecahedron.


Recently there have been several reports of SARS-CoV2 "breakthrough" infections that have occurred in recipients of the FDA approved SAR-CoV-2 vaccines. The use of the term "breakthrough" infections implies that the virus broke through a protective barrier provided by the vaccine. However, is this what happened in these cases? In most cases, the answer is no, and this answer lies in the fundamental understanding of the mucosal immune system. Here we suggest a more precise definition of what a true breakthrough case is.


Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is characterized by a curvature or assymetry of the spine which may become progressively more severe, with clinical symptoms appearing just prior to, or during, puberty. The incidence for scoliosis in the age group from 12 to 14 years of age has been reported as high as 8 to 10%, with more than 80% of the cases occurring in females. Although pathologic changes exist in muscles from both sides of the spinal curvature, and no statistically significant side differences have been reported, morphologic changes suggest that the concanve side is the most affected. This paper reports our preliminary data on the elemental composition of individual muscle fibers derived from convex, concave and gluteal scoliotic muscle, and erythrocytes from scoliotic and normal patients, analyzed by proton induced x-ray emission (PIXE) and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). A new type of specimen holder was designed for this study which offers low x-ray background, minimal absorption and maintenance of a moist environment around the specimen.


According to this method for injecting a molten substance by means of an injection inlet 2 into a cavity 4 sandwiched between fixed and movable molds 1, 3, the molten substance being solidified by cooling to form a molded part, introduces a predetermined air flow at the opening surfaces 1a, 3a of the mold 1, 3 at each opening of the latter. Application in particular to synthetic resin molding machines, operating with great speed.


Prediction method of fatigue life of flexible framed structure was discussed,dynamic model of rigidity-flexibility coupled multi-body was established,and time history of dynamic load at the critical point of the structure was computed.Influential factors of stresses were obtained by using the finite element analysis method for quasi-static conditions.The natural frequency and vibration modes of the structure as well as the location of its critical point were determined by using the model analysis technique.Based on the dynamic load history of critical stress distribution and employing the material characteristic curves and its linear damage theory,the cyclic counting of stresses and strains,damage prediction,and life estimation of the flexible structure were performed in standard time domain.The fatigue life prediction of the framed structure was conducted with this method and it was shown by the result that the prediction accuracy was valid and the design quality of structure durability would be effectively improved.


Aim of this paper is to reveal major causes of seasonal variability of phytoplankton biomass in the seas adjacent to Japan by relating changes of transparency to those of environmental factors. Generally, phytoplankton biomass begins to increase when the Sverdrup's critical depth exceeds the upper mixed layer depth in spring, and decreases in summer with development of the seasonal pycnocline. After the summer minimum, it increases temporally in early autumn when an upper mixed layer becomes deeper and yet shallower than the critical depth. Critical depth model is applicable to waters in the transitional/subarctic Pacific and the Japan Sea. On the other hand, in the Pacific off the southern midcoast of Japan and the East China Sea, seasonal variability of phytoplankton biomass is not fully explained by the critical depth model. These waters are characterized by low concentration and no seasonality of nutrients. Significant negative correlations were observed between surface nutrient concentrations and transparency. These facts indicate that the physical conditions such as critical depths, mixed layer depths and solar irradiance as well and the chemical condition like nutrients availability are responsible for the seasonal variability and annual level of phytoplankton biomass in the seas adjacent to Japan.


The relationship of cystic duct obstruction to the deposition of calcium in stones formed within the gallbladder was demonstrated experimentally by Wilkie1in 1928 and elaborated on by the clinical studies of Phemister2in 1931. Andrews and Hrdina3corroborated this observation, both experimentally and clinically, in 1933. Walsh and Ivy4obstructed the cystic duct in four dogs and reported calcium gravel in one post mortem.5These authors reported cases in which the calcium content of the stones was consistently very high and in some cases the content approximated totality. In the routine study of gallbladders in this clinic the following case was called to our attention, and we felt that it merited recording since it seems to represent an earlier stage in the deposition of calcium following cystic duct obstruction than those heretofore reported in which detailed analysis was made of the stones. REPORT OF CASE History. —A man


The invention relates to a bearing plate (13) for an electrical machine (12), particularly a brushless direct current motor, characterized by at least one base body (14) and at least one on the base body (14) disposed drive electronics (15) for driving the electric machine (12 ).


This paper deals with the modification of the pressure distributions due to the constraining effects of the walls when a stationary prism is tested in a channel. These constraining effects are often defined as solid and wake blockages. In this paper, attention is then paid to the side wall pressure distributions (partly the source of transverse vibrations since the wake vorticity is organized over the side wall) in the case of two- dimensional rectangular prisms exposed to smooth and grid turbulent flows. Conditions are examined for which similitude is lost and correction techniques are not expected to perform well. An experimental set-up is developed to preserve the additional similitude criteria of grid turbulent flows. This paper deals with the modification of the pressure distributions due to the constraining effects of the walls when a stationary prism is tested in a channel. These constraining effects are often defined as solid and wake blockages. Solid blockage is due to the reduction of the flow area in the channel test section by the presence of the prism: the resulting increase of the flow velocity is observed to be much less severe (about one-fourth according to (1), than the one predicted by the direct application of continuity. The wake downstream a rectangular prism has a lower mean velocity than that of the oncoming free stream: the shear layers from the separation points of the prism as well as the vorticity shed in the wake are related to the velocity shear between the flows outside and in the wake. The modification of this velocity shear caused by the increase of the flow velocity outside the wake is associated with wake blockage. Although these blockage effects modify the values of the force and moment coefficients of the stationary prisms, their impacts also extend to the determination of onset conditions of instabilities such as galloping. Previous contributions have dealt with the effects of blockage on the drag force or the pressure distribution on the frontal and base surfaces of rectangular prisms but few considered the effect of blockage on the side wall pressure distribution or the force transverse to the flow. Moreover, the combined effects of blockage and turbulence level contained in the oncoming flow are not well known. In this paper, attention is then paid to the side wall pressure distributions (partly the source of transverse vibrations since the wake vorticity is organized over the side wall)


Simple Summary Virtual fencing may soon provide an alternative to electric fencing in livestock production systems. In virtual fencing systems, a collar is worn by each animal and emits an audio cue when the animal approaches a virtual boundary that has been set via a Global Positioning System (GPS). An electrical stimulus is delivered by the collar if the animal continues to walk forward, but not if they stop or turn. Over time, the animal increasingly responds to the audio cue alone. A better understanding of factors that influence learning of the association between audio and electrical stimuli may ensure all animals adapt in systems that utilise virtual fencing. Dairy heifers were reared with or without exposure to electric fencing. Heifers with experience of electric fencing showed more rapid learning of the association between audio and electrical stimuli. There were differences between heifers in the speed of associative learning, perhaps due to individual differences in the significance of the audio cue, the aversive nature of the electrical stimulus, or the animal's motivation to feed. Ethically acceptable virtual fencing requires that all animals learn quickly how to interact with the technology. The technology and training protocols may require continual refinement to account for individual differences in learning. Abstract This experiment examined whether pre-exposure to an electrical stimulus from electric fencing attenuates associative pairing of audio and electrical stimuli in dairy heifers. Two treatments were applied to 30 weaned heifers naive to electric fencing. Heifers in the 'electric-fence' treatment were exposed to an electrified perimeter fence and two periods of strip-grazing using electrified poly-wire. Control heifers remained naïve to electric fencing. The pairing of audio and electrical stimuli was assessed in a feed attractant trial using manually controlled training collars. Heifers received an audio stimulus (2 s; 84 dB) when they breached a virtual fence after which a short electrical stimulus (0.5 s; 120 mW) was administered if they continued to move forward. If the animal stopped moving forward no further stimuli were applied. By the third training session, electric-fence heifers received a lower proportion of electrical stimuli than control heifers (p = 0.03). The more exploratory interactions a heifer had with the electric fence, the lower the proportion of electrical stimuli she received during training (rs = −0.77, p = 0.002). We conclude that experience with electrical fencing enhanced the salience of the electrical stimulus delivered by manual collars used for virtual fence training.


Many antimony-carboxylate complexes containing polymerizable olefins are highly sensitive EUV photoresists. Herein we report two approaches by which we explored the reactivity of polymerizable olefin antimony carboxylate photoresists to improve lithographic performance. First, we explored the effect of replacing three phenyl groups with methyl groups in an effort to increase the relative concentration of olefins vs. size of the molecule. Second, we explored the effect of increasing the number of polymerizable olefins from two to five. This approach examines the use of tris(4-vinylphenyl)antimony-dicarboxylate complexes as photoresists and the developer chemistry capable of patterning highly crosslinked substrates.


This study aims to analyze the influence of the obesogenic environment and parental styles on the eating behavior of children and adolescents. This is a study with a quantitative approach, carried out in the first semester of 2017, with a sample recruited from two private schools with 272 middle class children and adolescents, from Campina Grande, in the state of Paraiba, Brazil. In 40% of cases, mothers and fathers were classified as negligent according to their children's assessment, as well as 50% of fathers were considered permissive, and always or almost always had ultra-processed foods at home. The highest average found in the subscale " Over emotional ingestion " were of children of permissive mothers (7.3) in relation to neglectful mothers (5.2; p = 0.01). The data suggest that parents may have a silent attitude in the process of modeling healthy eating behavior towards their children, and that even though parenting styles are important for the formation of their children's eating behavior, they are still not enough, because genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors are also important to understand it.


The approximate solution of dynamical stress field for an enlarging or propagating slit at the constant speed under the uniform tensile stress at infinity was obtained by applying the expanding coordinates, and the correlation between the stress distribution and the crack speed was investigated.


Due to the existence of channel difference, allocating network resources reasonably in multi-channel scenarios is much more complicated than that in single-channel cases. This paper designs a distributed channelassignment and scheduling algorithm for multi-channel multi-interface wireless networks, i.e., a resource allocation scheme in MAC layer. Via employing the random access technique and a tuple-based model, the proposed mechanism is proved to be able to guarantee a reliable throughput capacity region with complexity independent of the network size. On the other hand, the diversity of interfaces is further considered in addition to channel difference, which improves the adaptability of the developed algorithm.


In this paper, we propose a novel framework for the parallel solution of combinatorial problems based on MODS theory (PARMODS) This framework makes use of metaheuristics based on the Deterministic Swapping (MODS) theory. These approaches represents the feasible solution space of any combinatorial problem through a Deterministic Finite Automata. Some of those methods are the Metaheuristic Of Deterministic Swapping (MODS), the Simulated Annealing Deterministic Swapping (SAMODS), the Simulated Annealing Genetic Swapping (SAGAMODS) and the Evolutionary Deterministic Swapping (EMODS) Those approaches have been utilized in different contexts such as data base optimization, operational research [1–3, 8] and multi-objective optimization. The main idea of this framework is to exploit parallel computation in order to obtain a general view of the feasible solution space of  any combinatorial optimization problem. This is, all the MODS methods are used in a unique general optimization process. In parallel, each instance of MODS explores a different region of the solution space. This allows us to explore distant regions of the feasible solution which could not be explored making use of classical (sequential) MODS implementations. Some experiments are performed making use of well-known TSP instances. Partial results shows that PARMODS provides better solutions than sequential MODS based implementations.


The fortuitous results of experiments showing a higher incidence of tumors after the administration of 125I than after 131I, raised the question of the relative biological effect


The Nursing area of practice covers several fields, for example, radiology is one of the fields of work for the nurse that requires beyond the usual skills; quire, Know-how and skills in the aerial of critical care and of emergencies for the attendance. Currently there are specializations recognized by the Federal Nursing Council (FNC), which also requires, through FNC resolution number 543/2017, "the presence of nurses in these units" as well as a Resolution "for the duties of nurses in radiology" according to FNC resolution number 211/1998.1


The paper investigates attitude towards online advertising in Kathmandu Valley. The paper adopted descriptive cross-sectional research design and non- probability sampling technique to collect data. Data were collected from 401 online shopping customers of Kathmandu Valley. PLS based structural equation model was applied to examine the hypotheses. First, the study examined the relationship between good for economy elements and attitude toward online advertising, result confirms that the good for economy elements have a significant influence on the attitude toward advertising in online platforms. This paper also examined the relationship between quality elements and attitude toward online advertising and found that good quality elements of advertisement have a significant influence on attitudes toward online advertising in online platforms. Findings suggest that good for the economy and quality elements of online advertising have a significant influence on attitudes toward online advertisements.


Abstract. The subject «Theory of Machines and Mechanisms» is included into the cycle of general engineering subjects and it is one of the most complicated by both the content of the material considered and by mathematical apparatus used while studying. It is explained by the complexity of research objects and increasing requirements to them in terms of efficiency, accuracy and reliability.  There are no approaches at present to integral assessment of students' readiness in the field of Advanced Mathematics and Theoretical Mechanics for studying machines and mechanisms. It is not clear what sorts of knowledge and skills should be mastered by students for learning this subject. There is also no information as for the number of options suggested in one test and validity of the mark obtained as the result of such testing. The aim of the article comprises determining the content of the tasks for checking the knowledge in Advanced Mathematics and Theoretical Mechanics and a probable mark of guessing the answers to the test, that is obtaining nonobjective assessment. In order to solve the research tasks, the following methods were applied: theoretic (learning and analysis of educational and scientific sources) and probabilistic (assessment of the probability of obtaining nonobjective assessment while testing). At the same time while checking the remaining knowledge it is important to provide receiving objective data. In this work it was calculated probabilities of guessing the test task comprising 10 tests. Each test offers 5 variants and only 1 option may be correct. The obtained results state about a rather low probability of receiving incorrect data about the students' knowledge. For instance, the probability of guessing 6 answers and getting a satisfactory mark states 5,0510m3. That is within 200 students, whose knowledge undergo checking, the number of those who can get a satisfactory mark is 1.1.


Abstract This article uses historic and balance sheet analysis to argue that financial deregulation and competitive pressures in financial markets motivated German Landesbanks, large public banks that historically served small and medium enterprises and funded public expenditure, to engage in risky financial practices that precipitated their failures in the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. By contrast, Sparkassen, public municipal-level savings banks that maintained a lending-based model, protected households and small businesses from credit crunches following the Global Financial Crisis. The article shows that pressuring public banks to maximize profits negates the benefits these institutions can offer, while increasing economic instability overall.


Background Interleukin (IL)-13, a T-helper type 2 cytokine, plays a critical role in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This meta-analysis was performed to assess the association of IL-13 −1112 C/T promoter polymorphism with COPD susceptibility. Methods Published case-control studies from Pubmed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were retrieved. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results Eight case-control studies in seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effect size showed IL-13 −1112 C/T was associated with COPD susceptibility in a codominant genetic model (TT vs CT, OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.14–2.92 and TT vs CC, OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.10–3.72), indicating individuals with TT genotype had an increased risk for COPD compared with those with CT or CC genotype. According to ethnicity, results indicated IL-13 −1112 C/T was correlated with COPD susceptibility in Arabians (TT vs CT, OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.03–8.42 and TT vs CC, OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.08–8.59). Moreover, after excluding the study without Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the pooled results were robust and no publication bias was found in this study. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests IL-13 −1112 C/T promoter polymorphism is associated with the risk of COPD in Arabians.


Rat vital stress causes severe behavioral disorders and changes in the lipid spectrum of blood serum. The pur pose of this study is to develop a method of preconditioning to reduce post-stress disorders. The essence of this method consists in listening by an animal to an electrocorticogram of a congener recorded during the experience of vital stress and converted into sounds of the musical range. Sessions of bioacoustic exposure significantly reduce gross behavioral disorders and prevent changes in the lipid spectrum with subsequent vital stress.


Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a promising power source for a wide range of applications. Fault diagnosis, especially online fault diagnosis, is an essential issue to promote the development and widespread use of PEMFC technology. This paper proposes a diagnosis approach for large PEMFC stack. In this approach, flooding fault is concerned; individual cell voltages are chosen as original variables for diagnosis. A dimension reduction method Fisher linear discrimination (FDA) is adopted to extract the features from the cell voltage composed vectors. After that, a classification methodology, Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is applied for fault detection. Flooding experiments were conducted on a 20-cell stack to test the approach. The obtained results showed that data points can be classified to different states of health with a high accuracy. It is also verified that the real-time implementation of the algorithm is feasible.


We report an interesting case report on idiosyncratic reaction of topiramate causing bilateral secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma with glaukomflecken, which mimicked acute primary angle closure (APAC) with nongranulomatous uveitis and choroidal effusions. After conservative management, signs and symptoms stabilized within 72 h, but the patient developed posterior synechiae with intermittent peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) in BE, which was more prominent in LE. Here we report this case because presentation of topiramate-induced idiosyncratic reaction with glaukomflecken and subsequent resolution with posterior synechiae and PAS were rarely documented in literature. A detailed history taking and meticulous clinical evaluation helped us differentiate from APAC.


This study concentrates on the evaluation of Ulker Koksal's play Once Sevgi and the reinterpretation of this play within the context of gender relations with a critical overlook. As argued by Prof. Sevda Sener, females were represented on theatre stages and in play texts by many negatory features such as darkness, evilness and unreliability till 1940s. When Once Sevgi play text is considered, it can be seen clearly that Ulker Koksal was in need of breaking the image of women who were presented with wicked features. However, it can be perceived that while on one hand females were attempted to be associated with features that were thought to be positive, on the other hand new templates and models were presented as an alternative way of life to enable the women to become more independent. Furthermore, it is possible to observe that social cliches, norms and beliefs on the definition of good or bad are reproduced by the text without any questioning.


In this article we present an approach to an adaptive lighting system as an intelligent object supporting urban space, especially for the elderly. This intelligent lighting system is used as an instrument to improve the feeling of safety in everyday life by overcoming barriers such as dark areas at night. The intelligence of this system is based on a personalized and position-dependent adaptation of light, whereby intensity and color can be varied. This article focuses on the technical implementation of a corresponding lighting system. In this context, the main point of emphasis is the overall architecture, especially from the point of view of an application system.


The Community Service Program (PPM) at SMKN 3 Yogyakarta aims to (1) increase the motivation of teachers to conduct action research and write papers, (2) increase teachers' ability to select and use appropriate learning methods and media to conduct classroom action research, (3) increase the competence of vocational school teachers in writing scientific papers, (4) increase teachers' knowledge in accessing scientific journals and conference to publish their work. The activity was attended by 25 participants consisting of 16 productive subject teachers and 9 normative/adaptive subject teachers. The activities carried out in the form of presentation of material about the importance of increasing teacher productivity in publishing scientific work to enhance careers, design action research in the classroom by implementing appropriate media variations and learning methods, writing strategies and publishing articles in journals and proceedings, tutorial guidance on writing articles, and the practice of compiling scientific articles. This PPM activity succeeded in increasing the motivation of teachers to conduct research and write scientific papers, improve the ability of teachers to select the right learning media and methods for conducting classroom action research, increase participants' ability to write articles, increase teachers' knowledge in accessing scientific journals and conference to publish their work. Participants satisfy to get new knowledge and skills about classroom action research techniques, they are open-minded and wish to further enhance their ability to conduct classroom action research and write articles to be published in proceedings/journals.