The Spanish glass and ceramic industry reached in 2002 a record production value of 10.500 million €, representing about 1,5 % of the GDP. Among with Italy, Spain is the EU country in which the ceramics and glass industry has most importance in terms of value of national industrial activities The Spanish glass and ceramic industries employ nearly 100000 people in more than 2,500 companies. A specific regional distribution pattern was existing according to sectors and different branches. Excellent raw materials, a developed research, educational and technical network, skilled labour force, high energetic efficiency, world-wide marketing policy and the signifiant internal demand has turned the Spanish ceramic industry as a worldwide lead in the field. Introduction The Spanish ceramic industry has undergone spectacular development in the past ten years. The most optimistic forecasts have been greatly surpassed in many ceramic sub-sectors, in particular in those directly related with construction. A record figure in new housing projects was reached during the 1997-2002 period in which, nearly 500 000 new houses were started per year. In fact, Spain has a great tradition in ceramic products consumption, being the third world consumer in absolute figures (after China and Brazil, countries with a much higher population) and the first for specific consumption (7,7 square meters/inhabitant year). Outstanding growth production in the automotive and food container industries have also been responsible for production increases in other ceramic sub-sectors such as glass and refractories. The raw materials sub-sector has seen a ten-fold increase in research and development in new mining projects, in particular in feldspars and ball clays. A number of new manufacturing plants for both porcelain tiles and bricks was erected during this period. Finally a Spanish sanitary ware company has become, after purchasing the actives of another multinational, the second worldwide producer. 1. Glass In 2002 the glass sector achieved , a production value of 4885 m. €, 65% for containers and 30% flat glass, the rest being for fibre glass and special glass. Production is based in 40 companies ( 8,000 workers), the production is highly concentrated and of the companies produces near 95% of total. There are around 750 enterprises with 22 000 employees including handling and transformation companies. The boom in the building and automotive industries, as well strong domestic consumption increase, broughs about this expansion. 2. Tiles and Enamels The tile and enamel industries turnover has rocketed from 2,300 m. € in 1995 to almost 4.300 m. € in 2002. The tile industry has experienced a 65% growth in 7 years, from 400m sqm. in 1995 to over 651 sqm in 2002 and a turnover of 3.550 m. €. The 245 companies, employees more than 26.00 people, are mainly located in the Castellón area. The enamels and frits sector reached a production of 750, 000 t. and is comprised of 26 companies and 3000 employees. This sector, also totally located in the Castellón cluster is the real leading area for the whole of the Spanish ceramic industry. For both tiles and frits , the Spanish industry has reached the some production as Italian one. Exports now represent more than 53 % of the total national production in tiles and frits. The ever emerging innovation of these industrial branches, is the basis for the high level achieved by the ceramic industry as a whole; incorporating the latest technology and continuous R&D investment, (about 2,2 % of total production), has continued augmented the technical level of the Spain industry. This has resulted in a considerable exports increase in the last few years and is now heading towards world leadership. 3. Brick and Roof Tiles The production of this sector reached a peak in 2002 of 28 m. t., with 420 companies and 10000 workers. The production was concentrated in three major areas: Castilla-La Mancha, Cataluña, Pais Valenciano and Andalucia, 4. Refractories The refractory sector has also experienced record production figures with 510,000 t and 1,800 employees in 55 companies. This increase is related to the steel production boom which in recent years has reached record figures of 16 m t. Others major consumers like the cement and glass industries have also experienced records values. Annual cement yearly production has over 40 m. t. along the period 1995-2002. Key Engineering Materials Online: 2004-05-15 ISSN: 1662-9795, Vols. 264-268, pp 1463-1466 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.264-268.1463 © 2004 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications Ltd, www.scientific.net. (Semanticscholar.org-13/03/20,18:13:46) 5. Sanitary Spain produces about 8.5 m of sanitary pieces. The figures for the last few years show an opposite trend to the other industrial branches with a small decline, from de 9 m. pieces produced in 1995. 6.Tableware and Giftware Both these branches show a dramatic decline. From 60 million of tableware pieces for 1995, only about 32 m. were produced in 2002. The same pattern were presented for giftware industry. Strong competition from Far East countries are responsabile for this trend. 7. Technical Ceramic The figures for Spanish technical ceramics production seems to be not quite reliable. No accurate values are availables. In any case, no outstandings figures can be expected. 8. Statistics In tables 1 to 4 , shown in the Annex, the most relevants figures for the Spanish glass an ceramic industries are included. Tables 1 and 2 shows the evolution of Spanish Ceramic figures and production values. Table 3 indicates comparative worldwide tiles production and in Table 4 the estimated raw materials consumption for spanish industries. 9.The Spanish Ceramics Industry Model A success story such as the one depicted not been the sole responsability of material, craft and technology. A long list of factors are responsible and a brief review of those outstanding will be made below. Raw materials availability The CastellónTeruel area has no doubt some of the best tile clay deposits in the world .The different clay mixes currently used that ceramic bodies adapt well to technical changes in ceramic production. This has been a key factor in the past and one of the main reasons for the overtaking Italian production. Others region such as Aragón, Asturias, Andalucia and Castilla-La Mancha have also high quality natural raw materials for other ceramics fields. -Labour costs In terms of costs and particular labour costs in highly technical industry, Spain is still a moderate country. Recent economic measures have driven interest rates down but inflation and unemployment, is higher than the media of EU countries. -Global economic growth The worldwide growth of the economy until 2001 crisis, has favoured Spanish economy and in turns the industry. During the last five years the growth of G.N.P was higher than the EU average. Nevertheless noticeable changes for less expansive overall industrial activity are forecasted. -Raise in domestic demands Construction, with more than 500 000 houses started per year, public works, automotive industry have experienced significant development in recent years, leading to a great impact in internal demand for ceramic products. -Exports The world is opening up and Spanish commerce has evolved in selling our products in an evergrowing globalized world. Increasing demand from abroad has resulted in rocketing exports, our main driving force in recent years. -Regional specialisation Spain has been growing in the different ceramic subsectors in certain areas of the country. This type of regional specialisation has enhanced R+D projects and competitiveness; financial support from Regional Governments has also had an impact in the industry. -Suitable training policies at both University and Technical Institutions. Systematic Research and Development Programs and Grants. A long list of national and EU programs has been implemented in the ceramic industry, and funds have flown to improve them including: National Materials Program (1986), Regional R&D Programs (1990), European Framework Program Ministery for Science and Technology. Industrial Innovation and Quality Programs National Centre for Technical and Industrial Development. CDTI -National Network of Materials R&D Centres Many institutions have been involved in R+D in ceramics, raw materials, technological development, etc,. A brief list of some is included below: Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio CSIC. Arganda del Rey. Madrid; Instituto de Tecnología Cerámica. Univ. Jaume I. Castellón; Instituto Geológico y Minero de España .Madrid; Dpto. Química Organica e Inorgánica. Univ. Jaume I. Castellón; Instituto Tecnológico de Materiales. Oviedo Instituto de Cerámica. Univ. Santiago de Compostela; Institutos de Ciencias de Materiales CSIC. Universidad: Madrid, Barcelona, Sevilla, Aragón; Instituto Tecnlógico de Materiales. INASMET, San Sebastian, Instituto Tecnológico de la Arcilla Cocida. Toledo 1464 Euro Ceramics VIII Conclusions Such development has not always been easy, and several problems have arisen which must be faced in the near future: Growing dependence of foreign natural and synthetic raw materials in traditional and advanced ceramics Few national suppliers in technical and industrial equipment Low rate in industrial diversification Rise in international competition Problems in low and medium quality products Low expectations in technical and electronic ceramics Little competence in natural gas and electric suppliers Rise in concentration of producers and consumer numbers for the most significant industrial branches: steel, cement, glass, refractories The Spanish ceramic industry and research network is ready to take a lead position in global competition. Provided that domestic demand c


Pulmonary abscess is said by Osler to be easy of recognition, but for my own part I have to confess that I have met with cases in which grave doubts existed in my own mind as to the question of differential diagnosis between abscess of the lung and encysted empyema. I have also met with cases in consultation in which the attending physician was in error touching the existence of any abscess at all. It is no doubt true that an abscess discharging through a bronchial tube may be recognized without much difficulty, but previous to this time I am quite certain it may be easily overlooked. Pneumonia is now generally recognized to be an infectious inflammation of the lungs, due in the majority of cases to the influence of the diplococcus pneumoniae of Fraenkel. The disease generally pursues a well-defined course marked by certain pathologic changes; once in about


A maximum likelihood estimator has been applied to find regression parameters of a straight line in case of different error models. Assuming Gaussian-type noise for the measurement errors, explicit results for the parameters can be given employing Mathematica. In the case of the ordinary least squares (OLSy), total least squares (TLS), and least geometric mean deviation (LGMD) approaches, as well as the error model of combining ordinary least squares (OLSx and OLSy) in the Pareto sense, simple formulas are given to compute the parameters via a reduced Gröbner basis. Numerical examples illustrate the methods, and the results are checked via direct global minimization of the residuals.


Society needs more secure software. But predicting vulnerabilities is difficult and existing methods are not applied in practical use due to various limitations. The goal of this paper is to design a vulnerability prediction method in a cost-aware manner so that it can balance the percentage of vulnerabilities found against the cost of human effort on security review and test. To this purpose, this paper presents HARMLESS, an incremental vulnerability prediction tool. HARMLESS is an active learner that (a) builds a support vector machine on the source code files reviewed to date; then (b) suggests what other source code files might have vulnerabilities and need to be reviewed next. A unique feature of HARMLESS is that HARMLESS can estimate the number of remaining vulnerabilities. To the best of our knowledge, HARMLESS is the first tool providing such estimation in the arena of vulnerability prediction. Using that estimator, HARMLESS can guide the security review and test to any level of desired recall, i.e. percentage of vulnerabilities found. In experiments on a case study of Mozilla Firefox project, HARMLESS found 90, 95, 99% of known vulnerabilities by reviewing and testing 26, 33, 45% of the source code files, respectively.


Multiscale image representation and analysis techniques such as the beamlet framework have found significant applications in image processing, however, their approximation of arbitrary curves via linear basis functions may still present an obstacle to some applications. In this work we extend the beamlet dictionary to include arc basis functions for piecewise approximations to curves in an image. An application to low-rate compression of shape images is discussed and an increase in compression efficiency is shown over the JBIG2 and JBEAM methods.


For horizontal wells of Clastic reservoirs in Tahe oilfield after multi-round water shutoff, wells potential became smaller, increase of oil rate of single-well by water shutoff decreased, and the water shutoff efficient declined. In this paper, composite water shutoff efficiency technology for ultra-deep clastic reservoirs with bottom water in Tahe oilfield was presented. The technology is a combination of different types of plugging agents, plugging agent slug with different intensity, and to increase the intensity and amount of plugging agents. It can decrease gradually decreasing trend of multi-round shutoff effect. The field test in Tahe oilfield TK107 H well has gained success, and certain stimulation effect has been achieved.


This article is the result of a research based on some problems inside the inclusive class in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. There are consist of some disabilities and normal students whom have different characteristics. It causes lack of relationship on social interaction between students in the class. Because of that, the researcher applicate sociodrama method in dance learning to determine the increase social interaction students. This quantitative research used an Experiment method within one group pretest-posttest design. The participants in this researched took around 28 students of disabilities and normal students. The result of this research indicate that sociodrama method can improve the social interaction of students of inclusive class in dance learning. The posttest data were higher compared to the pretest data, after the treatment was carried out. The conclusion is the application of Sociodrama Method in Dance Learning could increase the social interaction students. Keywords—sociodrama method; social interaction; dance learning; inclusive class


This article has analyzed the function of modem information technology in information service of the library emphatically, has pointed out various kinds of obstacles in information services of modern information technology and concrete measures overcoming these obstacles, and this article has explained that the key of application to information service of modern information technology is to train person of talent who masters modern information technology.


Thermal Engineering is the core curriculum of dynamic mechanical engineering.Speaking well the introduction of Thermal Engineering can help students to build up their confidences of learning Thermal Engineering and inspire their interests in studying the curriculum.Based on the author's teaching practices and counterparts' teaching experiences,the effective methods are put forward in order to improve the teaching quality of the introduction class.


Background: Clinical guidelines recommend incorporating non-cognitive markers like mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and sleep disturbance (SD) into dementia screening to improve detection. Objective: We investigated the longitudinal associations between MBI, SD, and incident dementia. Methods: Participant data were from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center in the United States. MBI was derived from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) using a published algorithm. SD was determined using the NPI-Q nighttime behaviors item. Cox proportional hazard regressions with time-dependant variables for MBI, SD, and cognitive diagnosis were used to model associations between baseline 1) MBI and incident SD (n=11277); 2) SD and incident MBI (n=10535); 3) MBI with concurrent SD and incident dementia (n=13544); and 4) MBI without concurrent SD and incident dementia (n=11921). Models were adjusted for first-visit age, sex, education, cognitive diagnosis, race, and for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. Results: The rate of developing SD was 3.1-fold higher in older adults with MBI at baseline compared to those without MBI (95%CI: 2.8-3.3). The rate of developing MBI was 1.5-fold higher in older adults with baseline SD than those without SD (95%CI: 1.3-1.8). The rate of developing dementia was 2.2-fold greater in older adults with both MBI and SD, as opposed to SD alone (95%CI:1.9-2.6). Conclusions: There is a bidirectional relationship between MBI and SD. Older adults with SD develop dementia at higher rates when co-occurring with MBI. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships, and dementia screening may be improved by assessing for both MBI and SD.


Structural, lithologic, and biostratigraphic data were compiled for Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous terrigenous Great Valley strata exposed in the northern Coast Ranges adjacent to the Sacramento Valley. Biostratigraphic zone boundaries, lithologic units, bedding attitudes, and faults are presented on a series of maps covering the northern 160 km (100 mi) of the Coast Ranges outcrop belt. Cross-fault thickness and facies variations were analyzed in conjunction with bedding and fault-plane geometry in order to interpret the timing and kinematics of deformation. Two hypothetical kinematic models were derived by integrating interpretations of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous deformational and sedimentary history.


In the western world the incidence of adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) is increasing. A better understanding of molecular aberrations associated with gastric cancer is needed in order to identify new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. We examined the expression, regulation and prognostic value of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) from the HOX cluster. Biopsies were collected from fourty patients undergoing surgery for adenocarcinoma of the stomach, esophagus or GEJ. Clinico-pathological variables with possible prognostic value were analyzed to identify independent prognostic factors. HOTAIR expression was measured by qRT-PCR in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and cell proliferation and migration was followed real-time using the xCELLigence impedance analysis. High HOTAIR expression in resected gastric, esophageal and GEJ adenocarcinomas was an independent predictor of poor prognosis. We found that over-expression of HOTAIR doubled proliferation in HFE145 gastric cells. miR-449 and inhibition of HDACs (miR-449 targets) by Vorinostat or siRNA reduced the expression of HOTAIR in vitro. HOTAIR expression was not controlled via miR-449 regulation of p53. We propose a role for HDAC as a regulator of HOTAIR expression.


In view of speckle noise in ultrasound image, there are some disadvantages of traditional anisotropic diffusion methods, such as in-sufficient noise suppression and edge details preservation. A de-speckling method based on Mallat-Zhong Discrete Wavelet Transform( MZ-DWT) wavelet was proposed. The method used MZ-DWT wavelet and Expectation Maximization( EM) algorithm as the discrimination factor between homogeneous and edge regions, making it more accurately to control diffusion intensity and rate and achieving the noise suppression and details preservation. The experimental results show that, the proposed algorithm can better de-speckle while preserving image details and the performance of the method is better than the traditional anisotropic diffusion methods.


Increased urinary protein excretion in patients with diabetes has long been known to predict increased mortality, and its absence is associated with near-normal life expectancy.[1][1],[2][2] Recent studies confirmed and extended these findings by illustrating the progressive increase in mortality by


This paper describes the sequence of microscopic events associated with the development in guinea pigs of an infection induced by inoculation of intact skin with Streptococcus zooepidemicus. A striking similarity of this infection to human impetigo was noted.


The Costa Rican Biodiversity Institute, INBio, has been in operation for five years and has won intermational recognition. However, the long contribution of the Costa Rican National Museum and Universities in plant and vertebrate biodiversity must not be forgotten. The basic problems that the INBio must solve are (1) criticisms about aceess to data and secrecy of its aggreement with Merck Farmaeeutica1, (2) poor relations with other Costa Rican organizations, (3) a malfunctioning database, (4) the unsatisfactory work of many low scholarity collectors ("para-taxonomists"), (5) a lag in taxonomic determinations, with only 2% of specimens identified to date, (6) the high maintenanee cost of specimens which will prove useless because of collecting errors, and (1) a failure to train local taxonomists, which causes heavy dependenee on foreign experts.


Bengcuo area in Xizang is the complex and typical area of structure in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Bengcuo fault zone is approximately perpendicular to nearly south-north structures on vicinity of Bengcuo fault zone,the earthquake data and GPS data approve that this area has more in-tense structure activity.Based on comprehensive analysis to relief characteristics and structure activi-ty,we consider that Bengcuo fault zone should form in later age than the Gulu fault zone does,then have made the preliminary discussion to the structure relation of the nearly east-west structure and the nearly south-north structure in the entire Qinghai-Xizang area.


The Coulomb excitation of Tb/sup 159/, Ho/sup 165/, Tm/sup 169/, Th/sup 232/, and U/sup 238/ was studied using O/sup 16/ ion projectiles at 60-80 Mev to determine detailed level schemes. The gamma spectrum, conversion electron spectrum, and level scheme of Tb/sup 159/, Ho/sup 165/, and Tm/sup 169/ and energy analysis of the ground-state rotational-band members for Ho/sup 165/ and Tb/sup 159/ are presented. The electron spectrum and level scheme of Th/sup 232/ and U/sup 238/ are also presented. (C.E.S.)


Teaching of health sciences courses is one of the most significant steps to develop the higher education sector. Integrated versus traditional teaching has been the area of discussion in many publications. In this paper, the authors will try to assess the influence of integrated teaching strategies on student outcomes in a clinical nutrition course in undergraduate level at Nutrition Department Faculty of Public Health; University of Benghazi. The exams results assessment showed that, exam scores for the blended teaching approach were statistically significantly higher than for the traditional teaching approach for both mid-year assessments and final exams.


Low voltage motor turn insulation has been aged under stresses similar to those caused by PWM voltage pulses. Commercial standard turn insulation was tested in parallel with a new inverter grade corona resistant (CR) insulation. Both types of insulation were subjected to fast bipolar pulses at 80/spl deg/C and at 130/spl deg/C. When the maximum peak voltage was set to 620 V, below the discharge inception voltage (DIV), no failure was recorded on either insulation system, after aging times of 280 days. When the pulse peak voltage was increased to 830 V, failures rapidly occurred on all specimens with standard insulation and later for all specimens with CR insulation. A third aging test was carried out at 750 V. Here, at 80/spl deg/C, all specimens with CR insulation failed before the specimens with standard insulation. The mean time to failure for CR material was of 133 hours, while it was larger than 1070 hours for the standard type insulation at the same temperature. This behavior was not observed at 130/spl deg/C and 750 V.


Calixarenes. 4. The Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Calixarenes from p-tert-Butylphenol [J . Am. Chem. SOC. 1981, 103, 37821. C. DAVID GUTSCHE,* BALRAM DHAWAN, KWANC HYUN No, and RAMAMURTHI MUTHUKRISHNAN Page 3784: The I3C NMR spectra shown in Figure 1 were obtained on different spectrometers and are incorrectly normalized to a common base line. This figure should be replaced by the one shown below which contains spectra obtained on a single spectrometer and reproduced without artistic intervention. Page 3788: The 13C N M R values for 5,11,17,23,29,35,41,47-octa-tert-butyl-49,50,5 1,52,53,54,55,56octahydroxycalix[8]arene (2) (Experimental Section) should be changed to read as follows: I3C NMR (CDCI,) 6 146.6 (28%, Ar), 144.7 (20%, Ar), 128.7 (49%, Ar), 125.5 (5Y%, Ar), 34.0 (19%, ArCH2Ar), 32.4 (25%, C(CH,),), 31.5 (loo%, C(CH,),).


Tribolium confusum parasitized by Hymenolepis diminuta were allowed to feed on mixtures composed of 0.005 to 20 g of mebendazole (Telmin: methyl-5-benzoyl benzimidazole-2-carbamate) in 10 g of flour from day 1 (24 h) to day 9 post infection. Retarded cysticercoid development, lowered incidence of infection, and reductions in the number of cysticercoids recovered per beetle were produced by drug levels of 0.1, 1.0, and 10 g respectively. None of the drug concentrations tested produced 100% mortality, and developing cysticercoids varied considerably in their tolerance of mebendazole.


The present research was an empirical endeavor to build a sturdy theorization linking trust in supervisor and co-worker supports, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, reduced personal accomplishment, and hotel employee turnover at workplace. A quantitative approach and survey methodology were utilized. This research successfully explored the intricate associations between trust-in-support factors and burnout dimensions and uncovered the possible influence of such relationships on employee turnover in the hotel context. In addition, emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment among burnout constituents significantly affected turnover. These variables also strengthened the influence of trust in supervisor support on hotel employee turnover, acting as significant mediators. A salient role of emotional exhaustion in escalating employee turnover was unearthed. Overall, this research demonstrated the importance of trust in support and its role in reducing the burnout phenomenon among hotel employees and explaining their voluntary turnover decision formation in a satisfactory manner.


Dedicated neurologocal intensive care units (INCU) came into existence in India since last two decades. Present study is an epidemological profile of a dedicated neurological intensive care unit from central India over a period of 4 years. This study was performed in a 1165 bedded tertiary care hospital in central India. All consecutive patients more than 15 years age, admitted in INCU during a period of 48 month (1st January 201031st December 2013) were enrolled. Data analysis of these 1575 patients was done. Result of the study population 62.65% (968) were males while 37.35% (577) were females. Strokes composed majority of the patients consisting of 63% of our patients. Majority of the patients (35.47%) fell in the age group of 41-60 years. 46.86% (n=724) of the patients came from rural areas. 35.47% patients left the hospital against medical advice with 71.71% of these patients admitted with strokes. The in hospital mortality rate was 6.86%. It may be concluded from the study that the morbidity and mortality trends of our patients from central India is similar to those seen in earlier reports.


The artical analyzes the five problems in Bijie's land arrangement in terms of its connotation and puts forward some ways to deal with them.


This paper considers the implications of consumption and borrowing externalities in a small open economy framework. The former reflect the assumption that status conscious agents care about the relative consumption of imported goods, while the latter arise because agents do not take into account the effects of their borrowing decisions on the interest rate on debt. We analyze in the paper the impact of an increase in the degree of status preference on the saddlepath adjustment of the decentralized economy. In addition, the contrasting steady-state and dynamic properties of the social planner's economy are derived, along with the corresponding optimal tax and subsidy policies. Copyright © 2007 The Author; Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.


The paper summarizes the most significant results of a Transient Network Analyzer study performed for the Itaipu transmission system in Brazil. This study considers an installed capacity of 10000 MW to be transmitted over 900 km from the Itaipu power plant to the São Paulo load area. Fault initiation, fault clearing, energization and reclosing overvoltages on two possible 750 kV ac schemes are mainly described. Emphasis is placed on some special transients which can be associated with series-compensated schemes and which can be of importance to insulation co-ordination, reclosing and equipment specification. Methods for controlling these transients are also proposed.


This article examines the problems of climate change and the impact of fertilizers on the productivity and quality of winter wheat. As a result of research, it has been established that in recent decades the world has undergone significant climate change, which causes serious problems in the development of agriculture. The results of research show that the yield of winter wheat, which is obtained due to the potential fertility of soils, on average for 3 years was 2,5 t/ha. Systematic application of the fertilizers in crop rotation helped to increase the yield of winter wheat. After the treatment N60P60K60 the additions in 1,0 t/ha to the control have been received. On the plots where winter wheat was tested the aftereffect of manure 30 t/ha in combination with N60P60K60 increases the yield on 1,0 and 1,3 t/ha respectively. The highest yield of winter wheat obtained by application of mineral fertilizers in quantity N120P120K120 was 3,7 t/ha. On the control option the average protein content was 12,13. The record amount of protein observed after N120P120K120 application was 13,28. It should be noted that the quality of the gluten protein content and the winter wheat grain in all these tests is significantly higher compared with controls. The average gluten content in the control test was 20,3, while during the fertilizer using it varied in the range of 23,5–27,3. The highest protein was observed after N120P120K120 application 27,3. Besides that, the nitrate content in the grain and plants of winter wheat after different doses of mineral and organic fertilizers have been examined. It should be noted that the nitrate content in winter wheat grain is independent from the fertilizer and varied from 44,0 to 50,0 mg/kg, in the straw this dependence has been slightly observed. So if the control has 128,6 mg/kg nitrate content, in the fertilized tests it varied from 128,6 to 155,0 mg/kg. Maximum nitrate content was on the plot after the minimum N60P60K60 application and manure usage at 30 t/ha. Comparative study of the influence of mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as their combinations showed that after the application of organic fertilizer fewer nitrates accumulates in plants than after mineral and organic-mineral.


ACTU (1991) Guidelines and Negotiating Exhibit on Part-Time, Casual Work and Job-Sharing. Melbourne, ACTU. ACTU (1995) 'Casual employment and industrial regula tion: What should unions do?', Discussion Paper for ACTU Working Party on Casual Employment, Melbourne, ACTU D No. 145/1995. Australian Bureau of Statistics (1996) The Labour Force Australia 1978-1995. Canberra, ABS Cat. No. 6204.0. Bhaskar, R. (1990) Reclaiming Reality: A Critical Introduction to Contemporary Philosophy. London, Verso. National Training Board (Australia) 1992; National Competency Standards: Policy and Guidelines. 2nd ed. Canberra, NTB. Poynton, C. (1993) Naming women's workplace skills, in B. Probert and B. Wilson (ed..), Pink Collar Blues:Work, Gender and Technology. Melbourne, Melbourne University Press. Romeyn, J. (1992) Flexible Working Time: Part-Time and Casual Employment. Canberra, Department of Industrial Relations. Suchman, L. (1994) Supporting articulation work: Aspects of a feminist practice of technology production, in A. Dama et al. ed., Women, Work and Computerisation: Breaking Old Boundaries, Building New Forms. Proceedings of IFIP TC9/WG9.1 Conference, Manchester. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 7-21. Tilly, C. (1992) Dualism in Part-Time Employment. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 31, Spring, 330-347.


Objective The aim of this study was to establish a nomogram to predict the recurrence of endometrial cancer (EC) by immunohistochemical markers and clinicopathological parameters and to evaluate the discriminative power of this model. Methods The data of 473 patients with stages I–III endometrial cancer who had received primary surgical treatment between October 2013 and May 2018 were randomly split into two sets: a training cohort and a validation cohort at a predefined ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of screening prognostic factors were performed in the training cohort (n=332) to develop a nomogram model for EC-recurrence prediction, which was further evaluated in the validation cohort (n=141). Results Univariate analysis found that FIGO stage, histological type, histological grade, myometrial invasion, cervical stromal invasion, postoperative adjuvant treatment, and four immunohistochemical markers (Ki67, ER, PR, and p53) were associated with recurrence in EC. Multivariate analysis showed that FIGO stage, histological type, ER, and p53 were superior parameters to generate the nomogram model for recurrence prediction in EC. Recurrence-free survival was better predicted by the proposed nomogram, with a C-index value of 0.79 (95% CI 0.66–0.92) in the validation cohort. Conclusion This nomogram model involving immunohistochemical markers can better predict recurrence in FIGO stages I–III EC.


Based on the interpersonal interaction perspective of team cohesion, this study aims to examine the effects of team boundedness, formal coordination and organization tenure diversity on both task and social cohesion. The authors test for the interaction effect of organization tenure diversity on the relationships between the independent variables and the dimensions of team cohesion.,Data was collected from 111 software development teams and aggregated to the team level. Common latent factor test for common method bias showed no significant bias. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test all the hypotheses.,SEM results show that team boundedness and formal coordination have positive and significant association with both dimensions of team cohesion. Formal coordination was found to be a stronger positive predictor for task cohesion than for social cohesion. Organization tenure diversity was found to be a stronger negative predictor for social cohesion than for task cohesion. Organization tenure diversity in the team moderates the relationship between formal coordination and task cohesion.,The data was collected using a cross-sectional design. However, the authors have mitigated the effect of common method variance by adopting both procedural and statistical methods.,This paper expands extant literature by examining the antecedents of two important components of team cohesion, task and social cohesion. The authors proposed and found that the independent variables have different impacts on task and social cohesion. This study furthers both theory and practice by considering team boundedness as a variable of interest and its impact on internal team dynamics.


Responsible self-medication has been recommended by various organizations including the World Health Organization as a means to reduce the cost of medicine therapy and improve effectiveness. Modern humans consume medicine regularly for a variety of conditions including both acute and chronic diseases. The medicines could either be prescribed by a healthcare practitioner or purchased from a pharmacy or other outlets without a prescription. Recently, the Indian Pharmaceutical Association and the Pharmacy Council of India have published a book dealing with the responsible use of medicines. The well-produced book is divided into 21 chapters.


Activity 1 [Page 1.3] 1. Create a distribution of the number of goals each team scored so that the total number of goals remains 54, and the following conditions hold: Each of the teams scored at least 1 goal, no team scored more than 10 goals during the tournament, and you know that: Select one of the following conditions (or your teacher will assign): a. One team scored 6 goals, and another team scored 9 goals.


Microbubble oscillating associated with many applications in biomedical and engineering sectors. The spherical oscillations of a single microbubble submerged in a quiescent liquid exerted by an acoustic force can be governed either by the Rayleigh-Plesset (RP) equation or by the Keller-Miksis (KM) equation under different physical assumptions. In this paper, both models were numerically and analytically analyzed, and the systematic parametric study was performed. The viscosity and compressibility effects and linearization in both models were investigated with the aids of MATLAB and Maple tools. In KM, the effects of the linear and nonlinear equations of states (EOS) compared for updating density with time. At the minimum bubble radius, the liquid viscosity surrounding bubble surface expected to be decreased due to rising in temperature. This leads to effects the maximum bubble radius for upcoming cycles.


Stripline right-angle bend with slantwise comer cut is an important component for microwave circuits. Especially, analytical determination of the exact optimum cut is important for computer aided design of microwave circuits. An equivalent network for this structure is given by the Foster-type network based on mode theory and can be used for analysis of practical bend characteristics. The key step for this analysis is how exactly to calculate the eigenmode of the planar junction up to the necessary number. Therefore, we propose a new method using a three stage cascade-connected stripline configuration and magnetic wall symmetry. In this paper, we explain the above method in detail and calculate the eigenmode for various cut parameters. Finally, frequency characteristics of the right-angle bend with slantwise corner cut are calculated for various cut parameters, resulting in the determination of the optimum cut.


A multifunctional magnetic 3D graphene/Fe3O4 architecture (GFA) has been fabricated by a facile and scalable one-pot self-assembled strategy through hydrothermal treatment of a mixed aqueous precursor solution of graphene oxide (GO) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). Benefiting from the 3D porous structure and synergistic effects of the assembled graphene nanosheets and Fe3O4 NPs, the resultant GFA exhibits excellent adsorption capacities of not only organic dyes such as methylene blue (MB), but also toxic solvents such as toluene and chloroform, and improved electrochemical capacitive performances in comparison with pristine graphene architectures and Fe3O4 NPs. The impressive results presented here may have high impact on the future fabrication of functional graphene based architectures for practical applications.


Objective To investigate the use of oral antidiabetic drugs in elderly diabetic patients in our hospital,so as to provide some references for clinic.Methods A total of 1624 oral antidiabetic drug prescriptions in over 60 year old diabetic patients from Jan.to Dec.in 2008 were randomly collected for statistical analysis.Results The highest drug use frequency was biguanide(Glucophage).There was 50.9% in the oral antidiabetic drug combination.Leading the first 3 places on the list of drug combination were sulfonylureas in combination with biguanide,sulfonylureas in combination with α-Glycosidace inhibitor,biguanide in combination with α-Glycosidace inhibitor,while there was 16.1% in 3 kinds combination.When oral antidiabetic drugs were combined with other drugs,combination with antihypertensives drugs led the fist,while with antihypertensives drugs led the second.The use of anxiolytic drugs and antibiotics was 5.3% and 4.2%,only less to antihypertensives drugs and antihypertensive drugs.Conclusion There is a falling tendency in the use of oral antidiabetic drugs alone in the elderly diabetic patients.Hypertension is still the main complication in elderly patients.Anxiety and infection are 2 problems which are worth to make attention in elderly diabetic patients.


Fluorinated silicon–nitride films (SiNx:F) have been prepared at 250 °C by remote plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition using mixtures of SiF4/NH3 in different proportions. The structure, relative composition, and fluorine content of the films were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering, ellipsometry, and resonant nuclear-reaction analysis. The electrical properties of the films were also assessed from the current–voltage characteristics of Al–SiNx:F–Si metal–insulating–semiconductor structures. It was found that the SiF4/NH3 ratio produces little influence on the refractive index and density of the films, but this ratio has important effects on the fluorine content, deposition rate, and electrical properties. In general, these SiNx:F films are free of Si–H bonds, chemically stable, and show breakdown fields above 8 MV/cm.


A cheap biochar‐based metal catalyst, Cu/C was prepared by employing a facile pyrolysis method and using the waste biomass resource of rice straw as C source, and was used in the transesterification reaction of soybean oil to prepare biodiesel. With the addition of copper nitrate and with a pyrolysis temperature of 400°C for the biomass precursor, the as‐synthesized Cu/C‐400 catalyst with a loading amount of 6 wt% in the reaction dispersion results in a biodiesel yield of 88.5% ± 1.8%. The Cu/C‐400 catalyst still maintains a high activity with a biodiesel yield of 79.4% ± 1.2% after four cycles. The economic analysis about Cu/C‐400 catalyzed production of 1 t biodiesel is carried out by using the life cycle cost (LCC) method, indicating that the cost of 1 t soybean biodiesel is about 7727.8 RMB. In particular, the catalyst cost is only 5.6% of the total cost, indicating the low cost of the synthesized catalyst. Finally, the sensitivity analysis reveals that an appropriate increase in catalyst loading amount can improve the biodiesel yield, but lead to an increase in the total cost of biodiesel, and therefore reasonable control of catalyst loading amount is necessary. This work will inspire the further development and application of biochar‐based metal catalyst in biodiesel production.


Summary An isometric transducer system has been used to record spontaneous motor activity in Diclidophora merlangi in vitro. Motility took the form of either continuous irregular contractions or bursts of activity with intermittent quiescent periods. Maximal activity was recorded from specimens at 5–8 °C in artificial sea water (ASW). Decerebration induced a period of enhanced motility which subsided within 1 h. Water turbulence elicited large, rapid contractions of the longitudinal body musculature which did not habituate or fatigue. Induced water turbulence at frequencies higher than 3/min inhibited spontaneous movements, resulting in a progressive reduction in contraction amplitude and, eventually (30/min), the abolition of any response to water movement. The neurotoxin tetrodotoxin failed to modify worm activity. Excitatory responses from both intact worms and strip preparations were obtained with 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine and noradrenaline, but aminergic antagonists failed to block their effects. Atropine stimulated contractility, whereas the effects of acetylcholine or carbachol were inconsistent. Nicotine increased muscle tone but the effect was unaltered by atropine, mecamylamine or d–tubocurarine. Muscarine, hemicholinium, neostigmine and eserine were without apparent effect.


A method for protection of the side edges of a re-wiring on wafers or chips consisting of a seed layer, a copper layer located on that, provided thereon a nickel layer, and a covering said gold layer, said the rewiring provided (1) Wafer ( 4) is slightly etched, the wafer (4) or a liquid reservoir of an organic material is first heated to a temperature of about 30 ° C and that the wafer (4) then (over its entire surface with an organic protective layer 12) of this organic material is provided and that is produced by chemically bonding a dense coverage of the metal surface of the rewiring (1).


When we compare with the ordinary language, we have art language, which arises in the extreme limit of the ordinary language. The art language differs from the ordinary one in linguistic form expression. Because the art language possesses the characteristics of the variance in grammar, the implicit expression , the inharmonious diction, etc. , we cannot study it with the approach we study the ordinary language with . In addition, we must make further exploration of principles of clairvoyance the reconstruction with new concept for they play an important part in art language.


In this paper we present our experiences with the execution of structural economic models over the Grid using "cloud computing". We describe cases of distributed implementation and execution of occupational choice and financial deepening models of economic growth. We show how the application of Grid technology and resources naturally fits the studies of economic systems, by allowing us to capture effects of computationally challenging real-world characteristics such as heterogeneity of wealth, talent and access costs among economic agents.


From foetuses, to newborns, to children and adolescents there is a large number of pediatric patients in need of computational strategies to improve the treatment of their conditions. In fact, the pediatric age is characterized by very rapid and sudden changes, which make it extremely difficult to test standardized paradigms of care. In turn, this makes pediatric treatments highly personalized, especially when it comes to surgeries and prosthetics. While on the one hand there is the difficulty of conducting wide clinical trials on large patient populations for each stage of growth and development, especially when it comes to rare congenital disease; on the other hand there is the need to treat these conditions as soon as possible, sometimes even in the womb, to ensure a good quality of life in these subjects. The growing use of computational mechanics as patient-specific predictive tools for adult treatments has spurred interest in engineers, researchers and physicians for the use of computational methods in predicting the outcome of highly personalized pediatric treatments, for which the need of prognostic tools is high and vital. The translation of established computational methods used in adults to pediatric patients has its own challenges, from the lack of high-quality images, as children are often spared CT-scans and X-rays, to the need of an accurate predictions in very rapid times. In this minisymposium we aim to explore the state of the art of this novel, interdisciplinary area of application of computational mechanics, continuing the success of a similar minisymposium in WCCM18. Therefore, it will include a review of the computational strategies applied to pediatric care: from fluid dynamic models applied to the identification of the best surgeries to correct congenital heart defect, to biomechanical computational approaches to assess growth in children, to numerical models of fetal development, to simulations of pediatric medical device treatments. The outcome of this minisymposium will be a productive gathering of minds, where experts from different areas of pediatric computational mechanics will gather together and exchange thoughts on strategies to overcome the challenges of this area of study and ideas to further the application of computational mechanics as a clinical tool for pediatric medicine.


The work is devoted to the solution of an actual scientific task in the field of civil protection, namely, the development of a new model for the prevention of emergency situations of a terrorist nature at the objects of the critical infrastructure of Ukraine, which are protected, by means of timely detection and identification of small unmanned aerial vehicles by active optoelectronic means.
Based on the analysis, it was established that one of the trends in the development of terrorist scenarios at protected critical infrastructure facilities is the use of various small manned and unmanned aerial vehicles to carry out terrorist acts.
This work is a continuation of the cycle of previous works on the development of a structural and logical model for managing an emergency situation of a terrorist nature at an object of critical infrastructure of Ukraine, which is protected, caused by the appearance of small-sized aerial targets, intended for the development and constant implementation of procedures of an organizational and technical nature to ensure the safety of the object to the guarded object, when small air targets appear. A mathematical model for the detection of signals reflected from small aerial targets using active optical systems using the phenomena of light absorption and scattering in optically transparent media has been developed, which represents a system of four analytical dependencies.
Further research will be directed to conducting field experiments, performed using a specially designed laboratory setup, and theoretical calculations of the value of expected target detection activities as part of numerous experiments that should prove the reliability of the results obtained in the work.
Identified directions of further research regarding the presented mathematical model of detecting signals reflected from small unmanned aerial vehicles using active optical systems that use the phenomena of absorption and scattering of light in optically transparent media will be directed to conducting full-scale experiments performed using a specially developed laboratory installation and theoretical calculations of the value of expected target detection activities as part of numerous experiments, with the aim of proving the reliability of the results obtained in the work.
Keywords: emergency situation, small unmanned aerial vehicle, violator, model, protected object.


Changes in the surface of copper (I) oxide resulting from vacuum annealing and reoxidation after vacuum annealing have been investigated using positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES). The PAES measurement shows a large monotonic increase in the intensity of the annihilation induced Cu (M2,3 VV) Auger peak as the sample is subjected to thermal anneal in the vacuum at 300 °C temperature for 13 minutes. Exposure of the vacuum annealed surface to oxygen resulted in a large reduction of Cu (M2,3 VV) intensity and an increase in the signal due to the KLL transition in O. These results provide a clear demonstration of the utility of PAES in the study of oxide surfaces. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Normal hearing is essential to language acquisition in young children. It is well-known that children who are deaf at birth do not develop language without extensive training and sensory aids. Recently, it has been suggested that mild, conductive hearing losses (20 to 35 dB hearing threshold level [HTL]) that are chronic in the first 2 years of life adversely affect language development and academic achievement (Holm and Kunze, 1969; Zinkus, Gottlieb, and Schapiro, 1978, among others). The American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology defines the upper limit of normal hearing as 24 dB H T L for the average of hearing levels at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz (Davis and Silverman, 1978), but this limit is based on the hearing ability of adults who already know their spoken language and can fill in information from past experience for the signals that they do not hear. When the newborn infant hears speech, it probably is as if he is hearing a stream of sound. From this stream of sound he must abstract the rules of language and attach meaning to words and sentences based on his listening experiences in the first 2 or 3 years of life. To do this, the infant needs to hear more of the acoustic parameters of speech than an adult needs to understand a language he already knows (Elliott, 1982). T o give the reader an appreciation of the complexity of the task facing the child from birth through approximat ely 3 years of age, this presentation describes some of the acoustical parameters of speech and their perceptual correlates, reviews information on the linguistic meaning infants must abstract from speech, examines effects of peripheral hearing loss on the child's speech perception, and suggests ways to alleviate effects of otitis media on language acquisition. * This manuscript is a revised, shortened version of the article, "The Hearing of Speech during Language Acquisition," which was published in the Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 11: 631-650, 1978.


This study aims to determine the condition of the performance of the Kosayu Credit Cooperative in 2016-2019 based on Deputy Regulation of the Supervision of the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs Number: 06 / Per / Dep.6 / IV / 2016. Research of this type is case study research. There are seven operational variables in this study namely capital, productive asset quality, management, efficiency, liquidity, independence and growth, and identity. Data collection in this study uses interview and documentation methods. The data analysis technique used in this study was evaluative descriptive analysis. Hypothesis testing uses two methods, namely cross section and time series. The results of this study indicate that overall the health level of the Kosayu Credit Cooperative in 2016-2019 is in the quite healthy category by getting an average score of 66.38


Model-based testing of systems has long been a goal of the testing research community, and many paradigms have been proposed and developed. However, while model-based testing approaches are successfully used in industry, they have yet to be adopted as mainstream practices. This workshop explored the impact of object-orientation on model-based testing, as it affects both the creation of test generation tools, and the application of tools to object-oriented systems. Our primary purpose was to identify the key challenges to widespread use of model-based testing approaches for testing object oriented software, and to determine possible ways that object-orientation (and related approaches) may be helpful in overcoming these challenges.


In this article we describe how a profit-sharing model in a company was transformed into a differentiated bonus system. The bonus system, its result and consequences, is described. We also give an introductory explanation to the paradoxical result, i.e. to the employees' perception of this reward system as a system for punishment. This deals with the issue of disciplining people to make them achievement-oriented and performance-driven. We are here dealing with a more general phenomenon in organisations and societies at large, although it of course affects librarians and information specialists as well.


Artificial Intelligence is defined as intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity. Intelligence was created and put into a machine that can do the job as do humans. Some kinds of fields that use artificial intelligence include fuzzy logic, expert systems, computer games, neural networks and robotics. The purpose of research is Applying the theory of fuzzy logic in the manufacture of robot control and create teaching materials for the subjects of physics, especially on the concept of a microcontroller or other allied subjects of the research conducted. In this study apply fuzzy logic on the movement of wheeled robot control where in the controlling controlled via a smartphone which is then processed by a microcontroller Arduino that has grown the program by applying the method of fuzzy logic rule. Then by the microcontroller is used as a command to drive the DC motor as a navigation system that course in accordance with the rules created. Every step of the control system provides a signal in the form of a large steering angle (θ) which guides the robot to the target of a starting position. The results showed that the application of a system of fuzzy logic can be implemented in a navigation system for a robot control and the results of testing the robot's movement, then obtained some data points specified coordinates with the coordinates of the control robot acquired a 96% accuracy rate.


Nowadays, the use of synthetic grafts to bypass occ luded arterial sections is common practice in clinics and hospitals. Success has been achieved in cases involving large diameter blood vessels. However, for arteries with a diameter less than 5 mm, the success rates for synthetic grafts have been low mainly due to intimal hyperpla sia formation at anastomoses. The postulated reasons affecting graft failure include compliance mismatch, internal radius mismatch, Young's modulus, and impedance phase angle. Development of a graft that is mechanically equivalent with a natural artery requi res investigation of the mechanics of arteries and possible grafts. Numerical studies can provide information on how selection within existing prostheses can influence the patenc y rate. A computational model is used to determine design parameters for patient-specific op timal grafts.


Abstract The paper presents the data of investigations on the breeding period of southern subspecies of the Golden Plover (Pluvialis a. apricaria). The investigations were mostly carried out in the Kamanos Strict Nature Reserve upland moor (north Lithuania. 2244 ha area). Some data are obtained from other upland moors: Reiskiq tyras (875 ha), Aukstasis tyras (540 ha), Mūsos tyras (1500 ha). We were interested in the arrival dates of the birds to their breeding grounds, pair formation, occupation of breeding territories, behaviour. We also investigated the process of egg- laying, and phytocenoses preferred by Golden Plovers. Golden Plovers on the nest were observed for several days in turn. The works of that kind have not as yet been performed in Lithuania, nor were published data in press. So far the attention of investigators has been focused merely on distribution and abundance of the Golden Plover in Lithuania (Vaitkevicius. 1962; Stasaitis, Margis, 1984; Stasaitis.1990, 1994). Golden Plovers in upland...


Current building codes for seismic design and evaluation in Europe and American component execution based criteria that involve the estimation of inelastic reaction of the building because of seismic. These seismic requests can be precisely decide by utilizing strategies for nonlinear time history analysis. Streamlined strategies in view of nonlinear static analysis, known as sucker analysis technique and straight element analysis, known as time history analysis strategy, have been produced by a few controls to fulfill the execution based criteria for seismic design and evaluation of buildings. This proposal manages multistory buildings with open (soft story) ground floor are inalienably defenseless against crumple because of seismic burdens, their developments is still boundless in create countries. Social and utilitarian need to give auto parking spot at ground level far exceeds the notice against such buildings from designing group. In this review, 3D expository model of multistory building have been producing for multistoried building model and breaking down utilizing auxiliary analysis instrument 'ETABS'. The investigative model of building incorporates immeasurably vital segments that impact the mass, quality, solidness of the structure. Numerical outcomes for the accompanying seismic requests considering the inelastic conduct of the building, malleability coefficients of structures.


A combination of time-of-flight powder neutron diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction has been used to investigate changes in the cation distribution in a series of isostructural (space group I2/m a≈5.9, b≈3.3 c≈11.3A, β≈92°) ternary vanadium sulfides, AV
 2
S
 4
 (A=Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni). A progressive change from an inverse Cr
 3
S
 4
 structure, when A is drawn from the left of the transition series, to a normal Cr
 3
S
 4
 structure, when A is drawn from the right of the series, occurs. The magnetic susceptibility of all materials has a significant temperature-independent component and both spin-glass behaviour [A=Cr, T
 g
=15(3) K] and long-range magnetic order [A=Fe, T
 N
=135(3) K] are observed.


I examined what parts of Korean traditional culture were derived and accepted in the Catholic funerals. The music structure of the Roman Catholic funeral year looked at the traditional music and what common musical phrases it represents.
First, In the Ch'onju songgyo yegyu 『天主聖敎禮規』(Ritual Regulation of Catholic Church), we examined the discourses that were related to the Catholic funeral and the Confucian traditional funeral. Among them, hyo(孝: filial piety)·koksori (哭소리: funeral song)·haengsang (行喪: funeral matrices) excerpted the meaning of the common part and the explanation of the heterogeneous part.
Second, In the Catholic church funeral service for the volunteers of the village volunteers is interpreted in the same way as the tribulation of the spirit of the local autonomy of the Choson dynasty. The characteristic characteristics of the age group bonus system were found to be a cultural phenomenon which was derived from the combination of bonus system, which is a collaborative organization created to co-exist in the Choson dynasty.
Third, the funeral song called yondo 煉禱 consisted of a structure of musical phrases common to the repeating of the short(♪) and back( ) lines in front of the traditional music lullabies. The funeral song yondo was composed of the structure of the same sound repetition and common musical phrase to effectively convey the Chinese word lyrics of reading. The funeral song yondo was composed of the structure of the same sound repetition and common musical phrase with the exchange window of the "sangyo sori" 喪輿소리 (walking funeral song) and the menari t''ori 메나리토리 of the "sangyo sori" in the Chong Kwon-jin ch'ang Simch'ongga 『鄭權鎭 唱 沈淸歌』 (Song of Sim Ch''ong by Master Singer Chong Kwon-jin)
Catholic funeral culture contributes to a good example of effective acceptance of other religious cultures. We also hope that the Korean funeral culture will be rediscovered because of our interest in our own ideas and traditional culture embodied in the Catholic faith.


The study subjected to estimate gene effects and inheritance of quantitative traits of rice with Generation Mean Analysis (GMA). Segregation analysis and estimation of genetic parameters under epistatic model indicated partial dominance and importance of additive effects in the inheritance of drought tolerance, respectively. In present study, absence of epistasis by scaling tests was recorded only for plant height in cross NDR-359 x P


In this paper, we present a novel approach for detecting the changed regions caused by flooding events in multi-temporal SAR images. And the proposed method concludes two parts: 1) constructing difference image (DI) by fusion strategy proposed in this paper; 2) producing change-detection map based on FCM and fuzzy degree of nearness. Experimental comparisons on real multi-temporal SAR images indicate that the proposed method can reduce the affection by speckle noise. Meanwhile, the proposed method can accurately detect the interested changed regions.


It simply analyses the producing reason of concrete cracks,introduces features and countermeasures of common cracks,elaborates the harm and rectifying measures of cracks,so as to ensure the quality of concrete project.


As predicted by the classic sociological theories of Durkheim, Tonnies, and others, early sociological researchers found extensive differences between urban and rural residents in the United States. In recent decades, many of these differences have appeared to wane, or in some cases, totally disappear. Based on these classic theories, we maintain that many of the urban/rural differences found in the past were actually farm/nonfarm differences. Further, we argue that many of these differences continue to exist in rural America, but they have been suppressed by major demographic transitions. Utilizing Current Population Survey data on family structure, we found that there were few significant differences between urban and rural nonfarm residents, but both varied extensively from various segments of the farm population.


The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of spruce ( Picea abies ), alder ( Alnus subcordata ), and spruce with alder and maple ( Picea abies with Alnus Subcordata and Acer cappadocicum ) plantations on the soil properties and earthworm's abundance and biomass in the Lajim, north of Iran. Soil sampling with 50 × 50 cm samples to 50 cm depth in the studied stands was conducted in order to measure soil and earthworm abundance and biomass. Soil texture, C, N, pH, K, and P were measured in all samples in the laboratory. Earthworm's abundance was measured by handpicked and dried for 48 h at 60 °C and then the biomass was measured per unit area. The results showed that the percentage of organic carbon, N, and C/N ratio reached the climax and acidity had the lowest value in spruce stand, and K was significantly higher in alder stand. The maximum and minimum abundance of earthworms was observed in alder and spruce stands, respectively. The results of this study support the effects of plantations on soil properties, earthworm abundance, and biomass.


When manipulating a grasped object, especially with a robot hand, it is helpful to have an estimate of the object's orientation within the grasp. The object's orientation can be extracted from knowledge of the surface normals at the various points of contact with the object, but these surface normals must first be transformed into a common coordinate system. Successful execution of these transformations requires a prohibitive amount of accuracy in calibration of the arm and hand. An online method to improve these transformations in spite of calibration errors is presented. The method requires collecting contact force readings as the object is manipulated, and computing transform corrections that minimize the variation in the sum of the contact forces. Both experimental and simulated results are presented, and the implications of the results are discussed.<<ETX>>


Compulsory licensure is one of the flexibilities retained under TRIPS to permit countries to support public health while granting pharmaceutical patents. The United States Government appears to take the position that compulsory licensure and other TRIPS flexibilities must be limited to certain infectious diseases, namely AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. These proposed limitations are not supported by the text of Articles 31 and 31bis of TRIPS or by the negotiating history of the Agreement. Introducing disease-based limitations would be unwise, as the developing world is undergoing a demographic transition, with increasing shares of its disease burden coming from non-infectious diseases. Public health calls for retaining TRIPS flexibilities in all categories of human need.


These investigations aimed at evaluating the attractiveness of Gynandropsis gynandra a plant that attracted male Bactrocera invadens, which is an invasive pest known to cause devastating losses in mangoes, citrus, guava and banana among other fruits. B. invadens male flies were attracted to G. gynandra beginning from 0630 to 1230 hrs in the field.  The highest mean number of flies attracted were 65.26 ± 1.06/plant/day, showing a strong positive correlation during the day (r 2 = 0.9423). Using GC-EAD and GC-MS two compounds namely , 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone were identified to elicit antennae response of the male B. invadens . These two compounds were identified from both G. gynandra and male B. invadens gut extracts of field collected flies. However only 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone was identified from gut extract of laboratory reared B. invadens .  Results from this study has provided an insight into the interactions between a non-host plant and an invasive pest, and opened up the prospects for further investigation on the possibility of future use of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one in control strategies aimed at B. invadens . Key words : Bactrocera invadens , parapheromones, olfactometer, GC-EAD


Development of small town is the important way of our country ' s urbanization ,it also puts forward new proposal for environmen-tal protection .This paper aims at the basic situation of Tongshan small town' s construction ,analyses the environmental problems in the Tongshan small town' s construction , and puts forward some environmental protection aims and countermeasures.


The spin-1 Kemmer-Duffin-Petiau (KDP) equations are described and applied to deuteron-nucleus scattering. Comparison with d + /sup 58/Ni elastic scattering data at 400 MeV shows that the KDP model; reproduces experimental spin observables very well. 11 refs., 1 fig.


This work reflects about the videogame as medium, by trying to demonstrate how it must be considered in a wide anthropological discourse, beyond its official date of birth (the first Seventies) and also the so-called "electric age", going back to the first kinds of access to the hereafter: drugs and religion. The videogame is the best nowadays metaphor of the undying human impulse to survive and last forever, an emblem of the simulation culture.


PURPOSE: A diagnose method and a system for using ultrasonics wave which have own diagnosis and a restoration function are provide to restore an ultrasonic diagnosis program by receiving a restoration file of the ultrasonic diagnosis program and executing it. CONSTITUTION: In a diagnose method and a system for using ultrasonics wave which have own diagnosis and a restoration function, an error detection unit detects an execution error. A booting controller boots up an ultrasonic diagnostic system in different mode. A memory unit records an execution error or a user file. A communications unit transmits at least one of hardware information and user file to a server A restoration unit receives the restoration file from the server.


In this paper a validated 2D axisymmetric plasma fluid model was used to study the influence of the level of nitrogen impurities on the processes that occur in a helium parallel plate dielectric barrier discharge. The level of nitrogen impurities was varied in the range 0.1–500 ppm. It was observed that the nitrogen impurities significantly affect the dominant ion species at breakdown and the discharge characteristics. Specifically, three different dominant ions were found, which are strongly dependent on the level of nitrogen impurities. These are: He2+ ?> (0.1–35 ppm), N2+ ?> (35–150 ppm) and N4+ ?> (150–500 ppm). In addition, the results show that the discharge characteristics are dependent on the dominant ion species at breakdown.


Health hazards (e.g., West Nile virus and antibiotic resistance) by their nature are detrimental to the health of mankind and are a vexing problem for society. Health authorities' awareness of the rising health care costs associated with these health hazards highlights the need to undertake research in these areas. This dissertation presents a series of papers on these health hazards. vi Chapter 2 develops a spatial filtering panel data count model to examine the factors that contributed to the high prevalence of human West Nile virus (WNV) in California and Colorado using county-level data from 2003 to 2007. An econometric analysis was performed using a random effects negative binomial model to analyze the economic (income and home foreclosures) and biological (mosquitoes) factors associated with human WNV. Tests reveal the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the dependent variable (human WNV). The presence of this phenomenon implies that WNV in neighboring counties do impact the presence of WNV in adjacent counties. Consequently, the random effects negative binomial model is augmented with a spatiallylagged dependent variable and a spatial filtering term to correct for this problem and obtain unbiased estimates of the variance. Specification tests also show that income and home foreclosures are endogenous, i.e., home foreclosures, income and human WNV counts are determined jointly. Hence an instrumental variable (IV) technique is applied to the spatial filtering and spatial lag random effects negative binomial models to obtain consistent estimates. The former model is preferred because it is parsimonious in terms of a model selection criterion. Tests of over-identification (validity tests) reveal that the excluded instruments are indeed exogenous and for that matter valid. A number of hypotheses are tested regarding the economic and biological variables. The findings indicate that West Nile virus is higher in counties characterized by a low median income, high home foreclosures and high number of mosquito breeding sites. It is recommended that counties that exhibit these economic and biological characteristics should be allocated a higher percentage of resources for surveillance and monitoring of the disease.


Objective:To investigate the effect of endothelin-1 in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.Methods:The renal tissue ET-1, plasma ET-1 and 24 h urine ET-1 content in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and normal controls were determined , serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (Bun), 24 hour's urinary protein volume (Pro) and endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were determined at the same time.Results:The renal tissue, plasma and urine ET-1 in 40 patients were higher than those in the normal controls(P0.01), plasma and urine ET-1 were positively correlated to Bun, Scr, Pro and negatively correlated to Ccr (P0.01).Conclusion:Endothelin-1 may be involved in invasion of chronic glomerulonephritis and disease progression , plasma and urine ET-1 can be used as clinical index for nephritis activity.


The injector ion source is based on an arcdischarge plasma box. The plasma emitter is produced by a 1 kA arc discharge in deuterium. A multipole magnetic field produced with permanent magnets at the periphery of the plasma box is used to increase its efficiency and improve homogeneity of the plasma emitter. The ion beam is extracted by a 4-electrodes ion optical system (IOS). Initial beam diameter is 200 mm. The grids of the IOS have a spherical curvature for geometrical focusing of the beam. The optimal IOS geometry and grid potentials were found by means of numerical simulation to provide precise beam formation. The measured angular divergence of the beam is 0.025 rad, which corresponds to a 4.7 cm Gaussian radius of the beam profile measured at focal point.


Global optimization and complementarity are used to determine the signal timing for fully actuated traffic control, regarding effective green and red times on each cycle. The average values of these parameters can be used to estimate the control delay of vehicles. In this article, a two-phase queuing system for a signalized intersection is outlined, based on the principle of minimization of the total waiting time for the vehicles. The underlying model results in a linear program with linear complementarity constraints, solved by a sequential complementarity algorithm. Departure rates of vehicles during green and yellow periods were treated as deterministic, while arrival rates of vehicles were assumed to follow a Poisson distribution. Several traffic scenarios were created and solved. The numerical results reveal that it is possible to use global optimization and complementarity over a reasonable number of cycles and determine with efficiency effective green and red times for a signalized intersection.


Evelyn Lau's fiction asks for an understanding of diasporic community that does not take race or religion as unproblematic markers of belonging. Lau demands that histories of dislocation be understood not as singular traumatic events, but as a series of multiple dislocations that haunt the present, producing what Homi Bhabha calls an "unhomed" state. Lau's short-story collection Choose Me leads to a view of diasporic experience as a condition of subjectivity and not as an object of analysis, encouraging instead a focus on contingency and genealogy. As Charlotte Sturgess argues, the absence of markedly racialized characters in Choose Me does not preclude the presence of ethnos . It emerges precisely in the difficulty of locating a coherent site from which to speak. The gaze of female characters like Belinda in "Suburbia," and the narrator's satiric penetration throughout Choose Me , serve to exoticize and undermine white patriarchal society


This paper proposes to utilize an approach of deep belief network (DBN) for the classification of power-quality disturbances (PQDs). DBN is a deep learning algorithm which has been widely used in computer vision, voice recognition, natural language processing and etc., but barely been used in recognizing PQDs. The structure of the DBN consists of several stacked restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) for unsupervised learning. The frame of DBN is organized as follows: firstly, the first RBM is fully trained with the original signal by using contrastive divergence (CD) algorithm to obtain desirable features. Secondly, by fixing the weights and bias of the first RBM, the features turn into the next RBM, which is trained similarly as in the first step. Finally, after enough RBM pre-training, the network is fine-tuned with supervised training by back propagation (BP). The PQDs in this paper includes five single disturbance signal such as interruption, sag, swell, harmonic, oscillatory, and two mixed disturbance signals such as sag-harmonic and swell-harmonic. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves a higher classification rate than traditional algorithms.


Natural biological control involves the normal functioning of the living organism (i.e. human body) to regulate its parameters such that the vital functions are kept within the normal operating range. When this natural control fails, the biological feedback is unstable, operating under non-optimal conditions of the subject's vital capacity. In this context, ensuring the subject's nominal surviving capacity requires artificial control of the vital functions. Nowadays technology enables the development of artificial closed-loop devices to correct and provide the normal functions of the organism, thus replacing the damaged parts or helping to recover their natural properties. These procedures are called rehabilitation techniques. An application of closed-loop control will exemplify the importance of the challenges posed by a neuroprosthetic technique. Rehabilitation of drop-foot or hand-grasp movements with paretic or paralyzed skeletal muscles is achieved with the proposed self-adaptive auto-tuning control strategy


Most of the age determinations and their interpretations in the Menderes Massif were or are still used to evidence the geodynamic nature of the region with its bordered paleogeography. Last 20 years, nearly, most of the age data in the massif conflict with the well-known stratigraphical and lithological features and still preserve its debate. Moreover, individual age techniques were not properly interpreted or performed within their parameters (closure temperatures, related mineral equilibrium, metamorphic conditions. . . etc.). Particularly, most popular age determination methods of 40Ar/39Ar mistakenly interpreted as cooling ages instead of neo-crystallization ages. Similarly, Rb-Sr mica ages could easily demonstrate open chemical behavior related to the fluid interactions and present the timing of last fluid circulation events instead of cooling ages. The age data obtained from massif were interpreted without any consideration of the widespread Oligo-Miocene magmatic activity in the northern Menderes Massif, Neogene volcanism, and graben structures in western Anatolia. This study aims to present and summarize new (U-Pb-ID, 207Pb-206Pb single zircon evaporation, Rb-Sr mica) and previously obtained age data from northern and southern Menderes Massif in comparison with literature to better understanding of the age interpretations within their geological limits and related mineral features. Our results in comparison with previously published age data in their detailed stratigraphical features indicate that obtained youngest ages (c.20-25 Ma), which were previously interpreted as the cooling of the massif, are still questionable, and they are more likely representing the timing of fluid circulation events and/or resetting of their related isotopic systems.


That China should develop into a better-off society with a higher level in the first 20 years of the new century is the objective that has been raised by our Party.On the basis of confirming the reality of the objective,this paper,aiming at displaying the paorama of the better-off society with a higher level,has analyzed and prospected the abovementioned target from the aspect of social development


* corresponding author. e-mail: email@example.com The micromycetes of five species such as Chrysosporium merdarium, Penicillium cyclopium, Arthrinium phaeospermum, Cladosporium herbarum, Aspergillus niger, grown on metallic plates exposed to natural conditions have been investigated. Their specific ecological and biological peculiarities have been determined. Cu (>99.5%) and Zn (98.5%) plates 100 × 150 × 3 mm in size were contaminated with the mentioned fungi and placed into Petri dishes on a nutrient medium imitating organic pollution. It has been determined that Cu and Zn react differently to the impact of micromycetes. The influence depends on the capacity of fungi to develop on the metal surface and produce metabolites stimulating changes in polarization resistance and to destruct the surface. Aspergillus niger fungi proved to be the most active destructors of copper surface, while Arthrinium phaeospermum was the most active destructor of zinc. Chrysosporium merdarium is able to diminish the roughness of Zn surface. This fact is especially important in the first steps of metal and coating corrosion. The influence of various strains of the same fungi on metals was noted to be significantly different; therefore, it is important to determine specific strains or mycocommunities and describe their physiological abilities in order to evaluate the aggressiveness of fungi or their capability to produce metabolites able to suppress metal corrosion.


Chromatographic techniques can be used to investigate the molecular fingerprinting of the herbal compounds. In the present study, we explore the HPLC-MS and HPTLC finger printing pattern of three fractions (methanol soluble, water soluble, and residual fraction) of hot water leaf extract of Astercantha longifolia (AL) Linn. Nees. Methanolic and residual fractions were fractionated into two peaks each by HPLC with retention times of 1.07, 4.72 min and 0.95, 1.15 min, respectively. On the contrary, only one peak was observed in the aqueous fraction with a retention time of 0.91 min using a NovaPak ® C-18 column. Considering the m/z values it could be attributed that methanolic and aqueous fraction may contain a relatively high percentage of a compound having m/z value of 118. Methanolic and residual fraction has an unique m/z value of 114 which was absent in the aqueous fraction. Methanolic fraction has distinct m/z values of 132, 142 and 261 which makes it separate from the other two fractions. Thus, methanolic fraction contains the more number of compounds in comparison to other two fractions. Scanning of HPTLC developed plates of different fractions at 254 nm showed the presence of nine, six and five peaks in methanolic, aqueous and residual fractions, respectively. However, scanning at 366 nm showed the presence of only three, four and two peaks respectively in these fractions. Thus, 254 nm was found to be optimal wavelength for identification of more compounds compared to 366 nm.


Pedagology a public curriculium in higher normal college has been a conflict of opinions recently. As a result, teachers are growingly tired of teaching and students are tired of learning. This condition will continue to exist unless we reform the contents of the Pedagology curriculium and reform the traditional teaching pattern. The author agrees that through cultivating Emotional Intelligence in Pedagology teaching,we can improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and make sure that Pedagology curriculium has practical value.


According to MIRONENKO reflective function theory,the necessary and sufficient conditions for the independence of reflective function(RF) of the competition population model are given in the paper.Under this conditions,the form of the RF is established.The conditions for the existence of periodic solutions in this system has been established.


Abstract Lead-free halide perovskites have received increasing attention from the research community due to their various applications in scientific and engineering disciplines. The semiconducting perovskite halide CsPbCl3 is one of the most promising candidates for constructing photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. From this perspective, density functional theory is employed in this study to investigate the structural, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties of this perovskite under different hydrostatic pressures ranging from 0 to 20 GPa. The lattice constant (5.732 and 5.047 Å at 0 and 20 GPa pressure, respectively) and unit cell volume (188.33 and 128.57 Å3 at 0 and 20 GPa pressure, respectively) are significantly reduced due to the pressure effect, while the phase stability is maintained. The mechanical properties of CsPbCl3 reflect its ductile nature, which has an increasing affinity with pressure. The decreasing tendency of the band gap is also observed at pressure values up to 16 GPa, however, the transformation from semiconducting to metallic behavior occurs at 20 GPa pressure. The tuning of the band gap is responsible for enhancing electron transfer from the valence band to the conduction band, which increases the optical absorption and conductivity, thus making the compound more advantageous for optoelectronic device applications. The overall analysis of optical functions in this study suggests some feasible applications of CsPbCl3 under pressure.


����� Reserve Police Battalion 101 (RPB 101) with a complement of some 500 men, originating in Hamburg, was sent by Nazi Germany on its third tour of duty to occupied Poland in June 1942. From then until November 1943, its primary activity was to maintain order among the unruly Poles, but a major additional task was ridding the Lublin District of Jews. During these sixteen months, RPB 101 executed some 38,000 Jews by shooting, and packed 45,000 Jews in boxcars to go to the Treblinka extermination camp, for a total body count of 83,00U.1 RPB 101 was typical of the hundred-plus police battalions SS-ReichsfA¼hrer Heinrich Himmler had ready for duty in occupied lands by mid-1940. These battalions were dispatched throughout territory conquered by the Germans, including Norway and the Netherlands. Some of them were elite units, composed of physically fit young men of military caliber; but reserve units such as RPB 101 were older, ordinary Germans, many belonging to Hamburg's municipal police. Many others came from various trades and unskilled occupations. Some were drawn to police battalions to escape army service; few were active Nazis, and very few were members of the SS. These order police are not to be confused with the SS Einsatzgruppen (special forces) about whom much has been written, and whose fanatical Nazism is well documented. Einsatzgruppen were the cutting edge of Hitler's executions in the conquered territories; order police such as RPB 101, because of their low status and the mundane tasks that were their primary assignment, did not attract much attention at Nuremberg or after. When the Eastern Front began collapsing in 1944, most RPB 101 policemen made it back to their homes with little attention from the Allies. The West German government, however, in its fitful and long-drawn-out prosecutions of war criminals, eventually heard testimony about RPB 101's activities, and began an investigation of the battalion in 1962. Over the next five years, the


In developing countries acute diarrea is an important cause of illness and death particularly among children Enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea in children were sought during a 2-year period at a rural diarrheal treatment center and a 1-year period at an urban center in Bangladesh. In both centers enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were the most frequently identified pathogens in patients of all ages while rotavirus was the most frequent agent in patients younger than age 2 being found in nearly 50%. ETEC were found in about 30% of these young children. Studies of the etiology of diarrhea were also conducted in several rural villages. In young children diarrhea associated with ETEC had the highest annual incidence and multiple attacks during a year were common. Diarrhea associated with rotavirus occurred primarily in children aged 6-18 months and symptomatic reinfection was not identified during 1 year of surveillance. ETEC or rotavirus were rarely identified in persons without diarrhea except in family contacts of infected patients.


Gamma-ray images of fast D- and 4He-ions accelerated with third-harmonic ion-cyclotron-resonance heating of 4He-beam were simultaneously recorded for the first time in JET tokamak experiments dedicated to the investigation of burning plasmas with 3.5 MeV fusion alpha (α) particles. Gamma (γ) rays, born as a result of nuclear reactions, 9Be(4He, nγ)12C and 12C(D, pγ)13C, between the fast ions and the main plasma impurities, are measured using a two-dimensional multicollimator spectrometer array, which distinguishes the γ-rays from accelerated D- and 4He-ions. Tomographic reconstruction of the γ-ray emission profiles gives images of the fast-ion population in the poloidal cross-section. The potential of this technique to visualize several energetic ion species and to determine their behaviour in different plasma scenarios is demonstrated.


It is generally accepted that obesity is associated with systemic inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk factor, although the physiopathological mechanisms underlying these associations are largely unknown. To analyze whether lipid profile of cardiovascular risk factors are associated with serum level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in presence to obesity, thirty abdominally obese men (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) aged 34 to 41 years were participated in this study by accessible sampling. All participants reported being weight stable (±1kg) for 6 months prior to the study and engaged in physical activity less than once per week. Blood was collected from was drawn from the antecubital vein of all subjects after an overnight fast between 8:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. blood samples were used for evaluation serum TNF-α and lipid profile markers such as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlations between serum TNF-α and lipid profile markers. Findings from statistical analysis showed no significant correlation in serum TNF-α with TG, TC and LDL. Serum TNF-α was negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol in studied subjects (p = 0.002, r = 0.78). Based on these data, apart from HDL, serum TNF-α as inflammatory cytokine can not predict other cardiorespiratory risk factor in obese subjects directly.


In this paper, we propose a new conversion's method from UML class diagram to ontology in order to serve the Semantic Web. The ontology which results from the conversion is expressed in OWL / XML. This method allows us to preserve semantic of some feature's UML diagram such as inheritance, encapsulation, types of associations (composition, aggregation, or simple association), constraints of integrity, c lass identifier...etc.


Prefolding magnetization components have been resolved at 38 sites of Liassic "Adnet" limestones in the central Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) and at one site in the Drauzug. The site mean directions are northeasterly and down, and are closer to coeval European directions than to Southern Alpine "African" directions. The western end of both the NCA and of the Drauzug yield different site mean directions and negative fold tests indicating remagnetization. The sampling localities have been rotated relative to one another during thrusting, however, comparison of paleomagnetic poles with the European apparent polar wander path implies an average clockwise rotation of about 30° for the NCA relative to Europe. Larger-scale clockwise rotations in excess of 80°, relative to the Southern Alps, are implied by comparison with the Southern Alpine (African) polar wander path. Facies analysis of Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous basinal sediments in the central part of the NCA suggests that Liassic subsidence was related to presently E-W sinistral strike-slip faults, whereas Malm-Berriasian subsidence was controlled by presently E-W south-dipping normal faults. Both paleomagnetic and facies data tend to indicate that the NCA did not undergo the "African" rotation seen in Southern Alpine paleomagnetic data. This implies the existence of a short-lived tract of Triassic?-Jurassic ocean floor between the NCA and the Southern Alps, which linked the Pindos Ocean to the Ligurian trough and allowed Adria to rotate independently from the NCA during the Late Jurassic. Eo-Alpine deformation and metamorphism are associated with the Early Cretaceous closure of this "Hallstatt" trough.


This Recommendation specifies performance requirements and objective measuring methods of quality of service (QoS) for the delivery of digital video broadcasting services over broadband Internet protocol (IP) networks. The specified performance requirements are based on an IP QoS ranking at various levels, from "excellent" to "out-of-service". They rely on the objective end-to-end measurement of the values of a small number of parameters on the delivered IP streams, performed at the consumer premises equipment and relayed back to the head-end. The recommended objective measurement methods and parameters are known to influence the QoS delivered to the user.


We study the plane problem of a crack on the interface between an elastic strip and an elastic half-plane made of another material. The strip adheres to the elastic half-plane and a normal load (concentrated force) is applied to the outer surface of this two-layer body. In order to solve the system of integral equations for the jumps of the displacements in the crack zone, we use a regular asymptotic method iii, which is effective if the crack is sufficiently narrow. On the basis of the solution obtained, it is proposed to use an integral fracture criterion of Novozhilov type [2] for evaluating the actual dimensions of the crack. Previously, similar plane problems were considered for cracks on the interface between two elastic half-planes, for instance, in [3]. Problems of circular defects like cracks or inclusions on the plane between two regions with distinct elastic properties were investigated in [4, 5].


Flat screen TV's and picture frames that suspend on the wall-without needing a cable and plug up for power. Industrial structures and medical machines can be made more trustworthy by eradicating difficulty prone wiring and disposable batteries. The method takes the advantage of straightforward physics and could be used to indict a variety of electronic tools over numerous meters. The arrangement could substitute the miles of costly power cables and billions of throw-away batteries. There is rather like 40 billion throw-away batteries built each year for power that is employed within a petite inches or feet of where there is extremely low-cost power. If this knowledge is acknowledged in prospect it will make daily products additional expedient, consistent, and environmentally welcoming. This document includes the methods of transmitting power with no usage of wires with improved efficiency, due to which it does not influence the atmospheric surrounding.


When Susan Kinsky repeatedly confused the names of two sets of parents of Southeast Asian descent, she was appalled at her carelessness. In this reflection, she describes the exchanges, reflects on why she may have continued making the same mistake, and concludes that connection was the missing link. Her students' parents needed to become real people to her, not just names on a list.