1. A method for controlling the operation of the power unit, in particular a vehicle power unit comprising a first limiting the output variable (Msoll) of the power unit, characterized in that the predetermined value is set to the second output variable of the power unit, preferably the rotational speed (nsoll) or speed (vsoll ) determine the actual value of the second output variable of the power unit, the set value is compared with the actual value, when the actual value exceeds the maximum znach Niemi not established, the first limiting the output variable (Msoll) the first value (Mzul), a in the case where it is determined exceeding the preset value the actual value, the output variable (Msoll) the second limit value smaller than the first (Mzul). ! 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a first value (Mzul) selected maximum value. ! 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the output variable (Msoll) limiting the second value only if the actual value of the second output variable exceeds its predetermined value by more than a predetermined offset value (offs1). ! 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that with an increase in excess of a predetermined value of the actual value of the second value is smaller is selected. ! 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that an increase in excess of a predetermined value of the actual value of the second value is reduced according to a linear function with saturation (1). ! 6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that for limiting the first output variable limit its target value (Msoll). ! 7. The method according to one of claims 1-5, differs


The report presents good work experience organizing nature studies learning activities for primary school students. The report tells how lithuanian students from Visaginas "Verdenės" Gymnasium joined the international citizen science project "Tree bodyguards" and carried out an experiment using the methodology "Evaluation of predation using artificial caterpillars and leaf samples". The citizen science project is an increasingly popular practice in the world, when data can be collected by anyone who wants and later on can be valued by scientists and used in real scientific research.
The report describes the preparation for the experiment "Evaluation of predation by artificial caterpillars and leaf samples", its performance (raising the hypothesis with students, observation of the object, collecting the data and making the conclusions) and reflection creating the methodological tool – educational video film (internet access https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO67hOcUDK4), presenting it to others.
The report discloses attractive learning methods that interest students in the subject, enable them to act on their own – to perform practical activity, to share work success with others, to feel civic in response to the invitation from French researchers Bastien Castagneyrol and Elena Valdes Correcher from the University of Bordeaux to participate in the project.
Keywords: stages of experiment, learning methods, educational video film creation, nature studies lesson, elementary school students, citizen science project


The current research extends the knowledge of EO by examining EO in the context of SMEs' international performance. We attempt to enhance our understanding of SMEs' internationalisation by taking i...


In
 the
 last
 twenty‐five
 years
 there
 has
 been
 a
 significant
 change
 in
 the
 way
 political
 communities
 deal
 with
 their
 past.
 A
 "national"
 policy
 of
 remembrance,
 which
 highlights
 the
 heroic
 deeds
 of
 its
 members,
 commemorates
 its
 own
 victims
 and
 crimes
 inflicted
 by
 other
 entities,
 and
 forgets
 about
 crimes
 committed
in
the
name
of
one's
own
community
seems
to
be
replaced
 by
a
"post‐national"
policy
of
remebrance.
 In
 several
 countries
 dealing
 with
 the
 dark
 sides
 of
 one's
 history
 has
 become
 a
 significant
 topos
 within
 a
 policy
 of
 remembrance
 and
 cultural
 commemoration.
 In
 contrast,
 a
 country
 like
 Russia
 refuses
 to
 step
 into
 this
 process
 of
 establishing
 a
 new
 post‐national
 regime
 d'historicite
 and
 refers
 to
 history
 only
 in
 order
 to
 strengthen
 its
 national
 identity:
 While
 remembering
 its
 effort
 in
 defeating
 Germany
 in
 the
 "Great
 Fatherland
War,"
Russian
society
forgets
about
the
trauma
 of
the
 Gulag
and
crimes
committed
in
its
name
 in
 other
 former
 states
 of
 the
 Soviet
 Union.
 My
 paper
 argues
 that
 the
 specific
 setting
 of
 Russia's
 official
 policy
 of
 remembrance
 is
 due
 to
 the
 notion
 of
 a
 society
 of
 heroes
 once
 forcibly
 institutionalized
 as
 the
 constitutive
 historiographical
 principle
 by
 Stalin's
 regime.
 Regarding
 to
 the
 discourse
 in
 the
 field
 of
 memory
 such
 a
 forced
 interconnection
 between
 historiography
 and
 memory
 could
 be
 characterized
 as
 »occupied
 memory«.
 Although
 Russia's
 official
 policy
 of
 remembrance
 passed
 through
 several
 quite
 dif‐ ferent
 phases,
 nowadays,
 however,
 a
 critical
 approach
 to
 Russia's
 past
 has
 been
 replaced
 by
 a
 "patriotic
 consensus"
that
 expresses
a
new
–
or
better
–
 an
old
 Russian
concept
 of
identity.


The development status of edible oil industry in China was collected,the trajectory of four international grain dealer in Chinese edible oil industry was analyzed,the function of science and technology information in development of Chinese edible oil industry was elaborated.


The invention provides hydrodynamic drive oil. The hydrodynamic drive oil comprises the components in parts by weight: 50-90% of synthetic ester, 3.5-11% of additives, and the balance of polyalkylene glycol. The hydrodynamic drive oil provided by the invention is prepared by taking the synthetic ester and the polyalkylene glycol as base oil, supplemented by the additive, and the lower viscosity of the obtained hydrodynamic drive oil can be kept at low temperature, so as to ensure successfully starting the equipment at low temperature, therefore the ideal low temperature performance can be realized, a pour point can be reduced to below minus 60 DEG C, the higher viscosity can be kept at high temperature, and the certain thickness of an oil membrane can be maintained, so as to ensure the lubrication of the equipment, and completely meet the operation of a vehicle in various severe environments. In addition to this, the hydrodynamic drive oil provided by the invention further has the advantages that ideal thermal oxidation stability can be realized, and the service life can be prolonged.


The Ni-Mo mining area in Songlin,Zunyi,Guizhou is a type within the lower Cambrian Ni-Mo mineralization zone in South China.Therefore,assessing the environmental quality of the soils around the mining area is of important scientific and practical significances.The concentrations of cadmium and arsenic in cultivated soils around the Ni-Mo mining area in Songlin were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) in this study.The result showed that the soils were characterized by high contents of cadmium(with an average of 1.82 mg·kg-1) and arsenic(with an average of 69.72 mg·kg-1),and that the concentrations of cadmium and arsenic in the soils of the study area were 12.68 times and 4.24 times higher than those of the background soils in Guizhou Province,respectively.In the present study,we evaluated the degree of contamination and potential ecological risk for the soils through geoaccumulation index and potential eco-logical risk index,respectively.It suggested that the soils around the Ni-Mo mining area in Songlin,Zunyi,Guizhou had been contaminated by cadmium(most of the soil samples with moderate to heavy pollution) and arsenic(with moderate pollution dominantly).It also indicated that the studied soils had relatively high potential ecological risk caused by cadmium and arsenic(with moderate to high potential ecological risk levels).Therefore,further researches on remediation for the contaminated soils deserve to be carried out.


The interaction of noble gas clusters with intense, VUV radiation is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that the free-electron laser cluster interaction creates a strongly coupled plasma. A new heating mechanism is identified that is more efficient than inverse Bremsstrahlung heating and explains the observation of unusually high charge states in recent experiments at DESY. The heating mechanism is a consequence of the strongly coupled plasma dynamics, in which collisional processes are strongly modified. Energy absorption takes place in the following cycle: many-body collisions, resulting in an enhanced recombination of free electrons to exited states, and subsequent reionization.


An electromagnetic modeling has been presented for an accurate analysis of reconfigurable reflectarray cells based on liquid crystals (LC). The proposed modeling considers both the inhomogeneity and anisotropic effects, which are calculated by using a simplified molecular model for the behavior of the LC when it is excited by an electrostatic field. The inhomogeneity of the LC is analyzed by dividing the LC volume in several homogeneous building blocks. The convergence of the number of blocks required to provide an stable phase-shift is discussed, and the errors produced when the conventional assumptions are used for the behavior of the LC (homogeneity and isotropy) are also analyzed. For printed dipoles, which are suitable to minimize the capacitive coupling between cells and to get a wider phase range, it has been proved that these errors can exceed 60°, and therefore are not negligible in the most common applications.


female electrical connector (10) comprising a housing (20) having a mating end (26) which is configured to receive a mating plug (12) and having a plurality of signal contacts (32) arranged in differential pairs , driving each of said signal contacts a signal from or to a contact (50) of the male connector in the mating plug (12); characterized by: a plurality of compensation contacts (34), being each of said compensation contacts in contact with a respective contact (50) male connector into the mating plug (12) independent of said signal contact (32 ), and providing said compensation contacts crosstalk compensation.


A study examined Japanese-American intercultural communication at the beginning stage from the perspective of Japanese participants. Data were collected in interviews with 50 Japanese visiting students to a large southwestern university for their account of their short-term (5-week) experience in America, which consisted of incidents, events, and observations that were relevant to their communication with United States Americans. Subjects were 34 females and 16 males with an average age of 20, most with 6 or more years of English. Semi-structured one-on-one 30-90 minute interviews were conducted in Japanese by 4 graduate assistants from Japan. Results indicated that seven categories emerged as important variables for this kind of intercultural interaction: preparedness, expectation/anxiety, personality, surprise, difficulties/enjoyment, communication, and "Japaneseness." Findings suggest directions for a grounded Japanese/American intercultural communication theory developed on the basis of evidence from the preliminary data. Possible shapes and forms of the theory await exploration and conceptualization. (Author/CR) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** Our Communication with North Americans: A Study of Intercultural Experience of Japanese Visiting Students* Ling Chen, Masako Isa and Jiro Sakai Dept. of Communication The University of Oklahoma 101 Burton Hall, 601 Elm Ave. Norman, OK 73019 (405) 325-2833/e-mail: email@example.com PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUC TIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position cr policy. For presentation the Intercultural and International Communication Division for possible presentation at 1996 Speech Communication Association Annual Conference, San Diago *The authors wish to thank Richiko Ikada, Miho Iwakuma, Yoshie Kobayashi and Yoko Nadamitsu for their assistance in data collection and/or translation. 00 Correspondence should be sent to the first author at the address above. "4Cr"


Abstract The central research question in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been "Why do some businesses act responsibly, while others do not?" To contribute to answering this fundamental question, the study aimed at empirically determining the influence of stakeholders, which is operationalized as stakeholder pressure, on stakeholder-oriented CSR practices. Because of its generic and versatile nature, this link has been posited as being moderated by organizational culture. For doing so, large manufacturing firms in the Amhara region of Ethiopia, with a sample size of 53, were the target units of analysis. Randomly chosen 473 employees rated the current CSR and organizational culture practices of the firms. Because it is mainly felt by managers, internal stakeholders' pressure has rather been judged by managers (sampled 253). Consequently, the aggregated process produced data at the organizational level. According to analysis using structural equation modeling, (1) internal stakeholders' pressure and organizational culture have both been identified as potential factors influencing CSR practices and (2) organizational culture has a moderating role in the relationship between internal stakeholders' pressure and CSR practices. Notwithstanding its limitations, the study has provided useful insights into both the theory and practice of CSR. Similar studies with tailored designs are encouraged for future research.


nizing this demographic shift, Hollywood studios attempted to attract this growing body of wealthy and educated individuals into the cinemas by actively redefining film as an artistic medium. However, the mere presence of an opportunity space is not enough for a cultural product to be successfully received as art. Certain institutional resources and activities that cater towards society's recognition of an "art world" are also needed. For Hollywood films, this meant the growth of film festivals, the economically motivated push towards "art houses," as well as the shift from a studio-centered to a director-centered film industry, all of which occurred in the late 1950s and 1960s. Baumann skillfully describes how all of these conditions fostered the image of Hollywood films as art. Nevertheless, for a cultural product to be received as art it must also be "intellectualized." This last demand was met with the adoption of the popular French auteur theory by American universities as well as the employment of artistic concepts in film reviews in the late 1960s. From a sociology of culture standpoint, Baumann is largely successful in offering a thorough, detailed account of Hollywood's transformation from mere entertainment into art. This success can be attributed to Baumann's blend of historical, statistical, and qualitative evidence. For example, not being satisfied with simply stating the logical argument that television drew attendance away from cinemas, Baumann statistically examines the empirical link between the emergence of television and cinema attendance figures (p. 43). This is not the only instance where Baumann utilizes serious statistical measures, which generally add strength to his account. Furthermore, in one particularly powerful section, Baumann compares quotes by directors from the 1920s to 1940s with directors from the 1960s. While the earlier directors stridently resist the classification of their works as art, the directors from the 1960s actively proclaim the artistic merit of their films (p. 60). Equally as impressive, Baumann includes a content analysis of film reviews from 1925 to 1985 to showcase how it was only in the late 1960s that film critics began to incorporate specialized vocabularies into their reviews more appropriate for judging art than entertainment (p. 120). In general, Baumann's meticulous attention to the multiple facets of Hollywood lends strong support to a sociological explanation of Hollywood's transformation into an art world. This is not to say that Hollywood Highbrow is without potential faults. In his attention to Hollywood's transition into "art," Baumann may be depicting too drastic an historical rupture. As Baumann illustrates, film reviews utilizing artistic vocabulary significantly increased in the 1950s and 1960s. However, artistic vocabulary occasionally appeared beforehand. According to Baumann, these earlier cases were designated mainly to "avant-garde" journals, and did not reflect "mainstream" sentiment (p.115). Yet, Baumann's analysis notes that artistic terms appeared among such "mainstream" publications as the New York Times, The New Yorker, and Time as far back as 1925 (p. 120). Similarly, while the bulk of scholarly work focusing on Hollywood films emerged in the late 1950s and 1960s, a small amount appeared earlier. As Baumann points out, there were on average two books published per year between 1925 and 1965 pertaining to film aesthetics (p. 69). These points certainly do not disprove Baumann's central thesis. However, perhaps a more thorough understanding of the Hollywood film world would have been achieved if a more in-depth account of these outliers and why they had such seemingly insignificant social influence was provided. Despite this minor concern, Hollywood Highbrow: From Entertainment to Art serves as a strong example of what sociology of culture approaches, such as the one utilized by Baumann, can offer. This book can be used in graduate and undergraduate sociology of culture courses and will interest scholars and film buffs alike.


this a single travel of airline principals in competition with each some of their answered. on. at hearings, the status of aircraft commander and other are are to the light from a dark cupboard, dusted, for cracks on the shelf for further use when their interest by the rare attention given to them by these One or two of the (like that on the legal status of the aircraft commander) valuable but repay by the practitioner or the with a general in air law. the twice the they in the same if the same jurisdiction, courts of identical authority. a field for definitive analysis by a group of comparative lawyers in the air law field scant attention them are in this most of it and one day, that one of the a which are and in which you can find nothing anywhere


Evolutionary optimization algorithms, including particle swarm optimization (PSO), have been successfully applied in oil industry for production planning and control. Such optimization studies are quite challenging due to large number of decision variables, production scenarios, and subsurface uncertainties. In this work, multi-stage, multi-swarm PSO (MS2PSO) algorithm is proposed to fix certain issues with canonical PSO algorithm such as premature convergence, excessive influence of global best solution, and oscillation.
 Multiple experiments are conducted using Olympus benchmark to compare the efficacy of algorithms. Results from canonical PSO are first compared with two PSO variations in which hyperparameters are tuned to prioritize exploration in early phase and exploitation in late phase. Firstly, linearly decreasing inertia weight (LDIW-PSO) is used to have greater weight of current particle position during initial iterations, and vice versa. Then, time-varying acceleration coefficients (TVAC-PSO) are used to have greater weight of personal best and lesser weight of global best during the initial iterations, and vice versa. Next, a two-stage multi-swarm PSO (2SPSO) is used where multiple-swarms of the first stage collapse into a single swarm in the second stage. Finally, MS2PSO with multiple stages and multiple swarms is used in which swarms recursively collapse after each stage. Multiple swarm strategy ensures that diversity is retained within the population and multiple modes are explored. Staging ensures that local optima found during initial stage does not lead to premature convergence. Optimization test case comprises of 90 control variables of which 72 are well control related and 18 are well placement related.
 Swarm intelligence refers to global patterns emerging from simple interactions among population. Algorithmic rules at micro level lead to social interaction at meso level, which then further leads to collective behavior at macro level. It is observed that different algorithm designs have their own benefits and drawbacks. Decreasing inertia weight in LDIW-PSO enables exploration in early stages and convergence around global best in the later stages. TVAC-PSO on the other hand restricts social learning and aids exploration in the early iterations. Social learning component is increased as run progresses, and population moves towards global best. 2SPSO aids in exploring multi-modal objective space, thus preventing premature convergence to a local optima. Swarms collapse into one group in the second stage, and run finally converges towards global best. Multiple swarms and stages in MS2PSO ensure that diversity in population is maintained throughout the run which enables continuous learning, and thus mitigates premature convergence. Both 2SPSO and MS2PSO are found to be helpful for problems with high dimensions and multiple modes where greater degree of exploration is desired. Commercial cloud computing and parallel programming were used to handle high computational workload and reduce run-time from weeks to days.
 Coefficients of canonical PSO are tuned in LDIW-PSO and TVAC-PSO, which helps in mitigating issues like premature convergence and oscillation. Two-stage PSO (2SPSO) where multiple swarms of first stage collapse into one in second stage, and multi-stage multi-swarm PSO (MS2PSO) where swarms recursively collapse into one are proposed. These algorithms modify the social behavior at meso scale based on number of swarms, number of stages and iterations in each stage.


This study analysed seven practices of environmental education (EE) within a changing policy discourse in Belgium brought about by the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD).Susta...


In order to prevent natural flood disasters it is important to identify the flood areas. In Colombia, there is space to develop automatic tools able to detect and study flood areas. For this reason, in this work we propose a computational tool in MATLAB, able to detect and classify Colombia's flood zones in SAR imager. In particular, we used different classifiers, and according to the performance we selected the best. The training database was generated with the results of Fuzzy Clustering, K-means and Region-Growing segmentations on flood zones in SAR imagery. We used two different classifiers: the first one is a Bayes classifier, while the second one is a Support Vector Machine (SVM). In order to evaluate the performance, we used indices such as the overall accuracy, user accuracy and Kappa index. According to the results, the SVM classifier presents better accuracy. However, the Bayes classifier had better results classifying pixels corresponding to populations even with little training data.


Key Points Question Are multidomain interventions associated with better cognitive outcomes than single interventions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)? Findings This meta-analysis of 28 studies with 2711 participants examined global cognition, attention, executive function, memory, processing speed, and verbal fluency effects. After intervention, significant improvements favoring multidomain interventions were observed in global cognition, executive function, memory, and verbal fluency compared with the single-intervention, active control. Meaning In this study, multidomain interventions were more strongly associated with improving global cognition, memory, executive function, and verbal fluency in older adults with MCI than single interventions, but evidence is needed to determine the optimal length of multidomain interventions.


In this work, we introduce the topological data analysis layer that estimates persistent homology on attributes extracted from convolutional layers for image classification. This method shows that topological information can be utilized to upgrade network performance. This work focuses on applying persistent images on the deep convolutional layer to learn topological features and also exploring the behavior of topological data analysis on various convolutional neural network architectures like sequential architecture and extended width architecture. Based on our empirical analysis, we exhibit the significance of topological data analysis on convolutional neural networks by attaining reliable scores on classification tasks on benchmark datasets. Keywords― Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Topological Data Analysis (TDA), Persistent Homology, Persistent Representations


Simple Summary Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) are important for ion transport, toxin/xenobiotic secretion, and signal transduction. Although studies have been undertaken to understand their physiological function, it is not fully known how MRPs may regulate metabolism. We knocked down the expression of Drosophila multidrug-resistance like protein 1 (MRP) in several tissues central to metabolic regulation. Reducing MRP in Malpighian tubules, the functional equivalent to the human kidney, was sufficient to disrupt metabolic homeostasis, owing to abnormal lipid accumulation, as well as changes in feeding behavior. It also increased oxidative stress resistance in adult flies, possibly due to reduced levels of reactive oxygen species. Abstract Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), members of the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter) family, are pivotal for transporting endo- and xenobiotics, which confer resistance to anticancer agents and contribute to the clearance of oxidative products. However, their function in many biological processes is still unclear. We investigated the role of an evolutionarily conserved MRP in metabolic homeostasis by knocking down the expression of Drosophila multidrug-resistance like protein 1 (MRP) in several tissues involved in regulating metabolism, including the gut, fat body, and Malpighian tubules. Interestingly, only suppression of MRP in the Malpighian tubules, the functional equivalent to the human kidney, was sufficient to cause abnormal lipid accumulation and disrupt feeding behavior. Furthermore, reduced Malpighian tubule MRP expression resulted in increased Hr96 (homolog of human pregnane X receptor) expression. Hr96 is known to play a role in detoxification and lipid metabolism processes. Reduced expression of MRP in the Malpighian tubules also conveyed resistance to oxidative stress, as well as reduced normal levels of reactive oxygen species in adult flies. This study reveals that an evolutionarily conserved MRP is required in Drosophila Malpighian tubules for proper metabolic homeostasis.


Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) DNA was used as a probe to identify and analyze virus-related DNAs in the viral capside, in infected tomato plants and in the virus vector, the whitefly. In addition to the single-stranded viral genomic DNA, double-stranded virus-related DNA molecules were detected in infected plants. Not all of the virus-related DNA forms are present simultaneously in the infected plant. The double-stranded molecules, which are probably the replicative form of the viral genome, have been purified from an infected tomato plant. In the viruliferous whitefly, only the single-stranded unit-size viral genome was detected.


Based on principles of thermodynamics, it is derivd that in binary system the quasi-parabola regulation must be obeyedby the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of a compound.Extending to ternary system a quasi-paraboloid regulation also must be done. The stability of some intermetallic compounds in binary systems is decided


Concepts of antiarrhythmic therapy have undergone major changes in the past decade for a variety of reasons. First of all, electrophysiologic studies — ushered in by the observation1 that His-bundle activation could be recorded simply, safely, and reliably in human beings — have progressed from academic, research-oriented tools providing important data on mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis to procedures that yield useful clinical and therapeutic information. Tachyarrhythmias occurring infrequently can be initiated by cardiac stimulation in the laboratory; the electrophysiologic mechanisms can then be surmised, and the response to antiarrhythmic drugs evaluated. Preliminary information suggests that a drug that prevents the induction . . .


The paper deals with the problem of nonlinear fuzzy observers for a class of continuous-time nonlinear systems, represented by Takagi-Sugeno models with local nonlinear terms. On the basis of the Lyapunov stability criterion and incremental quadratic inequalities, the sufficient LMI design conditions are outlined. Numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure and to validate the performances of the approach. Key–Words: Takagi-Sugeno models, fuzzy observer, linear matrix inequality, incremental quadratic inequality.


The Forty-first Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America will be held at the Palmer House in Chicago, Dec. 11–16, 1955. You and your friends are most cordially invited to attend. I did have hopes of inviting you to the Southwest, but this Society has grown so large that only a few cities have the resources to accommodate the Scientific Programs, Refresher Courses, Scientific and Commercial Exhibits. You are all familiar with the facilities of the Palmer House and the cooperation of the management, which goes a long way in making the meeting a success. The radiologists in Chicago and the vicinity, as well as others of the medical profession, are most liberal in their support and put forth every effort to make us feel at home. Dr. John W. Walker, whose committee has so ably handled the Refresher Courses, has been called into the Armed Forces. Dr. Robert D. Moreton is serving as chairman of this committee and has arranged a most interesting and instructive series of courses, beginning Sund...


Objective: To express the GST-gp85 fusion protein using E.coli BL21 and prepare polyclonal antibody to the protein. Methods: The BXLF2 gene coding for 5'-terminal truncated of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) gp85 was amplified from the B95-8 cell line transfected by EBV with specific primers. The PCR product was inserted into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pGEX-5T and confirmed by sequencing. The constructed prokaryotic expression vector, pGEX5T-85 was transformed into the competent E.coli BL21. The inclusion bodies were isolated and solubilized with urea and then washed, denatured and refolded. SDS-PAGE profile showed that the expressed recombinant protein was partially soluble with a relative molecular weight of 100 000 Dalton. Results: The expressed recombinant protein gp85 could initiate specific immunol reaction in mice. Conclusion: The recombinant gp85 show an excellent antigenicity and immunogenicity.


More views in data warehouse, can respond to the users more rapidly because the user`s requests may be processed by utilizing only the materialized views with higher probabilities rather than accessing base relations. But, more views cause longer update duration of all the materialized views. During the update time, queries of users can not be processed because accesses to the datawarehouse are blocked. Thus, the update durations of the materialized views are necessary to be reduced. In this paper, we propose algorithm the update duration of the materialized views owing to managing by distinguishing insecton/deletion operations. Though there might overheads for distinguishing insertion/deletion, we concluded that the proposed algorithm could be excellent than others.


Strategic human resource management is crucial to competitive advantage and performance of organisations. In this study, we examine the relationship between talent management, a strategic human resource strategy, and performance of outdoor advertising firms in Kenya. Specifically, we examine the influence of talent management strategies, namely compensation, career management, staff development and performance management strategies on performance. Drawing from resource based view theory, dynamic capability theory, as well as reinforcement theory, a descriptive survey of 117 respondents was conducted using structured questionnaire for data collection.  The findings were that while performance management strategy was statistically significant in explaining performance, compensation, career management and staff development strategies were statistically insignificant in explaining performance of outdoor advertising firms in Kenya. Further, the practice of the talent management strategies that were studied was low which may explain their insignificant influence on performance. It was recommended that the outdoor advertising firms improve on their enactment of to the talent management strategies to higher levels to realise a more significant contribution to performance. The study also recommended that implementation of career management strategy includes career counseling, coaching and mentoring, career planning and career development programs to improved performance. It was also recommended that a more effective performance management strategy be implemented in the outdoor advertising firms to improve performance. Key words: Talent management, organizational performance, outdoor advertising firms, Kenya


Get information and advice on how to own your own home at the Open The Door affordable housing open day


This work contributes to the programme of studying effective versions of "almost everywhere" theorems in analysis and ergodic theory via algorithmic randomness. We determine the level of randomness needed for a point in a Cantor space $ \{0,1\}^{\NN}$ with the uniform measure and the usual shift so that effective versions of the multiple recurrence theorem of Furstenberg holds for iterations starting at the point. We consider recurrence into closed sets that possess various degrees of effectiveness: clopen, $\PPI$ with computable measure, and $\PPI$. The notions of Kurtz, Schnorr, and \ML\ randomness, respectively, turn out to be sufficient. We obtain similar results for multiple recurrence with respect to the $k$ commuting shift operators on $\{0,1\}^{\NN^{\normalsize k}}$.


Auto-expansion type gas circuit breaker has a feature that operating energy can be reduced. However, the optimum design is very difficult, because this type of breaker has the gas chambers, one of which generates high gas pressure by using the heat of the arc and the other chamber generates high pressure by mechanical compression. Therefore, before designing this type of breaker, it is desirable to know what factors influence the gas blast characteristics. In this paper, we describe the influences of various factors on the gas blast characteristics using our own pressure calculation program.


The article reveals the importance of the formation of competitive advantages of a hotel organization to increase its competitiveness in the aspect of modern trends in the development of the hospitality industry. The fundamental trends are considered, using which the hotel company will be able to build a reasonable and effective competitive advantages in the market. The aim of the work was to design strategic directions for the formation of new competitive advantages for a particular hotel in the regional market. Within the framework of the proposed directions, the tasks solved by using an innovative approach, expanding the range of services, increasing the importance of the hotel product and increasing the level of service are described. As part of the development of the hotel enterprise, specific promising technological tools of digitalization have been investigated.


ABSTRACT Because the Internet enhances consumer control over online marketing transactions, more expert web users are hypothesized to generalize this web expertise to their expectations of offline service encounters. This hypothesis is supported for consumers with moderate web expertise as compared to those with little web expertise. However, web users with high levels of expertise have lower expectations of offline encounters than those with moderate expertise. The lower expectations of the most expert web users are likely to be due to a lower level of involvement with offline service encounter, a greater awareness and use of online information by the most expert, and possibly a greater propensity to distinguish between online and offline encounters.


characterisation of entanglement, quantum information Quantum entanglement and its paradoxical properties hold the key to an information processing revolution. Much attention has focused recently on the challenging problem of characterizing entanglement. Entanglement for a two qubit system is reasonably well understood, however, the nature and properties of multiple qubit systems are largely unexplored. We have found that typical pure states of N qubits are highly entangled but have decreasing amounts of pairwise entanglement as N increases. Above 6 qubits very few states have any pairwise entanglement, and generally, m-way entanglement disappears from a typical pure state of N qubits for N > 2m + 3. ~


The utility model relates to a shell belt type feeding machine. A closed shell belt (1) is arranged under a material bin (5), a motor (6) at one end of the shell belt drives a crawler wheel (3) to enable the shell belt (1) to move, a plurality of groups of supporting rollers (2) are arranged under the shell belt (1) to support the shell belt, and a net-shaped annular rubber belt (4) is laid on the inner layer of the shell belt (1). During operation of the shell belt type feeding machine, the net-shaped annular rubber belt (4) can support the metal shell belt well due to large strength, so that the service life of the running supporting rollers is ensured. The net-shaped annular rubber belt (4) is good in elasticity, capable of being matched with driving rolls, reversing rollers and material supporting rollers well, small in operation noise and good in pressure resistance, prevents the shell belt from deflecting, and enables the material supporting rollers to remain intact and not to easily deform.


Increasing safety and reducing road accidents, thereby saving lives, are one of the great interests in the context of advanced driver assistance systems. Apparently, among the complex and challenging tasks of future intelligent vehicles is road lanes detection and road signs recognition. In this paper, a multitask driver assistance system has been proposed. First, the system provides the driver with real-time information from lanes markers and road signs, which consist of the most important and challenging tasks. Secondly, it generates an acoustic warning to the driver in advance of any danger. This warning then allows the driver to take appropriate corrective actions in order to mitigate or completely avoid the event. The proposed system was tested on real road scene captured from moving vehicle. From the experimental results, the system has demonstrated a robust performance for detecting the road lanes and signs under different conditions.


The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular beats on cardiac function and dyssynchrony and to elucidate relationships between data of scintigraphic and intracardiac electrophysiology studies (EPSs).


Social media influentials play key roles in information creation and impact people's crisis interpretations and behavioral intentions. Applying a multilevel perspective, this study examined how various social media influentials' frame building was affected by crisis clusters and message characteristics. Social media influentials' tweets were extracted from over a million tweets from eight crises. A random sample of 2,000 tweets was analyzed by content analysis. The results showed that social media influentials' use of responsibility and topic frames was affected by both crisis-level factors (i.e., crisis origin and organization type) and message-level factors (i.e., communicative functions and types of influentials). These findings support the importance to understand the contextual factors that condition influentials' frame building on social media.


The Naval Telecommunications System (NTS), by achieving connectivity through various networks, provides record communications within the Navy. This service is provided to a wide variety of users with different requirements. Currently, this service is provided without cost to the user. Because the service is free, there is no overt incentive to economize on its use. This may be one reason for an increase in message volume in past years. As a result of the overwhelming demand for record communications, the Naval Telecommunication System has experienced periods of delay in delivering messages to their destination. This thesis looks at how prices could be used as a demand management tool, to ensure messages reach their destination as prescribed by the originator. It also proposes a cost estimation model which, if implemented, could provide justifiable cost based prices and serve as a basis for demand based and congestion based prices. TABLE OF CONTENTS


The paper presents a method to determine an aircraft calendar life. On the basis of the method, all types of aircraft throughout the country are divided into several areas. According to the corrosion environment, a corrosion spectrum is drawn up in each area. The calendar life of every aircraft which is in the same area is determined by means of some corrosion environment spectrum, so that the efficiency of calendar life determination is increased and the time and cost are reduced.


Heterostructures exhibit considerable potential in the field of energy conversion due to their excellent interfacial charge states in tuning the electronic properties of different components to promote catalytic activity. However, the rational preparation of heterostructures with highly active heterosurfaces remains a challenge because of the difficulty in component tuning, morphology control, and active site determination. Herein, a novel heterostructure based on a combination of RuMo nanoalloys and hexagonal N‐doped carbon nanosheets is designed and synthesized. In this protocol, metal‐containing anions and layered double hydroxides are employed to control the components and morphology of heterostructures, respectively. Accordingly, the as‐made RuMo‐nanoalloys‐embedded hexagonal porous carbon nanosheets are promising for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), resulting in an extremely small overpotential (18 mV), an ultralow Tafel slope (25 mV dec−1), and a high turnover frequency (3.57 H2 s−1) in alkaline media, outperforming current Ru‐based electrocatalysts. First‐principle calculations based on typical 2D N‐doped carbon/RuMo nanoalloys heterostructures demonstrate that introducing N and Mo atoms into C and Ru lattices, respectively, triggers electron accumulation/depletion regions at the heterosurface and consequently reduces the energy barrier for the HER. This work presents a convenient method for rational fabrication of carbon–metal heterostructures for highly efficient electrocatalysis.


Increasing occurrence of invasive plants has affected rangelands by threatening the health of both ecosys tems and economies. Invasive weeds can degrade habi tat for wild animals, reduce plant and animal diversity, curtail forage resources, and alter ecosystem function.1 Attacking infestations early is considered vital to managing invasive plants and conserving healthy rangelands. However, land managers often lack resources for monitoring, restora tion, and control programs. Involving volunteers in range land weed management can provide critical information on the size and scope of infestations as well as essential labor for early intervention, education, control, and restoration efforts. To assist land managers and education/extension professionals in identifying opportunities for volunteer participation in weed management, we surveyed citizens in parts of the southwestern United States, where rangeland weeds are not as widely established as elsewhere, and where the need as well as the value of volunteers may be especially great.


ABSTRACT Engineers managed to attract the attention of thinkers to their profession and become the protagonists of philosophical discourse. This article explores whether the philosophy of engineering can offer any persuasive help toward a definition of the engineer's 'essence', and considers whether a lack of agreement on this definition is really a problem. This study demonstrates the need to involve the context of social theories both in analyzing the prerequisites of the philosophical consideration of the concept 'engineer' and in the socially significant reasons for attention to this concept. The novelty of my approach lies in considering the phenomenon of 'technopreneurship' within the framework of the philosophy of engineering.


The Navy/Berkeley Pulsar Processor (NBPP) is a digital filterbank which is based on the successful Digital Filter Boards constructed for the University of California Coherent Dispersion Removal Processor (CDRP). One 9U VME crate holds a complete system with 96 channels × 2 polarizations. Running at maximum speed, the full crate will cover 1.8 MHz/channel = 172 MHz total bandwidth. Narrower bandwidths are available by running the system clock slower. The digitization has 4 bits of precision for good dynamic range and minimal quantization effects. The output data has variable time resolution; typically 50-100 μ s for search mode, and 2.4 μ s for timing mode. A flexible analog mixer/filter front end provides variable width filters, programmable attenuators, and input power level measurements, along with IF-to-baseband mixing and amplification capability. Data acquisition software running on a Sun Sparcstation-20 is based on software developed for controlling the Penn State Pulsar Machine (PSPM).


Chrysoperla externa is a widely distributed and highly adaptable predatory insect. In order to evaluate its capacity as a natural enemy of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, its life table when reared on M. sacchari was inferred. The biological cycle lasted an average of 29.5 ± 6.2 d from egg to adult. The embryonic and larval period duration was 5.1 ± 0.3 and 13.8 ± 4.5 d, respectively. The pupa stage was completed in 10.6 ± 1.4 d, whereas adults lived 63.5 ± 26.7 d after eclosion. The mortality rate showed the highest values in the egg stage (qx = 0.17). The greatest survival rate appeared in the third instar (93.7 %). The period prior to reproduction was 6.5 ± 3.1 d. The average fecundity was 228.3 ± 139.1 eggs. The life table parameters were Ro = 113.2, T = 28.9, rm = 0.163 and λ = 1.17. According to the results, it is possible to infer that C. externa is capable of accomplishing its life cycle feeding only on M. sacchari.


Japan invaded without restraint to Hunan's inland waterway in the end of Qing Dynasty.The reasons of invading,means,companies situation and influence are discussed.


A phase-shift analysis of $\ensuremath{\pi}$-nucleon elastic scattering has been developed, one energy at a time, up to 1.6-GeV pion kinetic energy. This analysis differs from a previous one in that final experimental data and new polarization measurements are included. Particular care has been taken to have a coherent set of data (2170 experimental points). In addition to the known important effects, the phase shifts of the solution have oscillations coming from the experimental data. It is not possible to say whether the oscillations are due to experimental biases or to physical effects. This analysis is consistent with the one presented by Lovelace at the Thirteenth Berkeley Conference.


Terahertz (THz) technology is a hotspot in current academic research. A 200 GHz 5-branch waveguide hybrid coupler is designed and fabricated in this paper. A 3dB waveguide hybrid coupler model is established by using 5-branch structure. Based on this model, the performance of the mixer is optimized by HFSS software. The measurement results show that the return loss (S11) and isolation (S23) are better than 20 dB in the frequency range of 185 GHz to 215 GHz, which are consistent with the simulation results, and the good performance of power splitting can also be seen from the amplitude and phase of S21 and S31.


The present study examined relationships between rat's hypertension and activity pattern. Behavioral activity of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and Dahl salt-sensitive rat (DS) was measured under the condition of an open-field and a home-cage. Twelve male hypertensive SHR, and 12 male normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used in the experiment 1. In an open-field, SHRs were more active than those of WKYs. In a home-cage, circadian variations of spontaneous activity in SHRs were smaller and less noticeable than WKYs. Six male hypertensive DSs fed with a high salt diet (NaCl 8%) and 6 male normotensive DSs fed with a low salt diet (NaCl 0.4%) were used in the experiment 2. Although no difference was found in open-field activity, circadian activity variations of hypertensive DSs in a home-cage were found to be smaller in the same manner as that of SHRs. This suggested a relationship between cardiovascular system and regulation of spontaneous activity.


This paper describes the development and use of microcomputer-based methods for the collection, analysis and interpretation of transport, land use and demographic data. The portability of personal computers permits planners to use them in the field as "data loggers" in transport surveys, whilst their computing power, immediate and direct access, and interactive colour graphics capabilities provide the analyst with powerful new tools for examining and interpreting data. Personal computers allow the use of advanced survey and analysis techniques, sometimes restricted to laboratory use only, in the field and on the planner's desk. They offer planners and engineers new opportunities to improve their professional practices, through the application of computers and computing as merely a logical extension of an individual's own thought processes. Four programs are described in the paper: 1) LAMM -for mapping and analysis of demographic, socioeconomic and transport data for a study area; 2) SPACEMAT -for the display and analysis of data contained in large matrices (eg, origin -destination data); 3) HEISE - for the collection and analysis of attitudinal survey data using semantic differential scales; and 4) PCSCALE -for paired comparison scaling in which respondents are asked to choose one of a pair of items taken from a large set of alternatives. The paper was prepared for presentation at PTRC summer annual meeting, "Traffic Operations and Management" Seminar, University of Sussex, July 1985. (TRRL)


In this paper, land use/cover  classification using fuzzy techniques which involves several steps, from designing the parameters of the membership functions through classification of the satellite image to the refining the final product. To decide the threshold parameters of membership functions that lead to appropriate classification of the scene, one band of landsat-5 were investigated by the features of the histogram of each area to be classified. The results of fuzzy system (Mamdani type) has been compared with the classical method (* Maximum likelihood classification *) and encourage us to use this technique for other bands with optimum rules for future works


The present invention is a peroxide, urea and an alkali metal polyhydric formulated from starting materials containing the phosphate screen the additional bar that is associated with the tooth whitening preparation comprising water, the adduct being provided in the preparation in aqueous conditions (aqueous condition) the article of manufacture will have the pH of the solution increases upon dilution in aqueous solution.


This report provides an in-depth review of the epidemiology and public health impact of prevalent types of injuries in Egypt. It renders analysis of important and convincing data to indict injuries as a major restraint on Egypts economic and social development and outlines the vision to bring those injuries under control. The report begins with an analysis of injury morbidity and mortality then examines the major types of injuries home and leisure unintentional injuries; motor vehicle injuries; intentional injuries; and occupational injuries in the Egyptian context. Overall it is noted that injuries are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in Egypt. Ranked as the fifth leading cause of death and the leading cause of hospitalization it accounts for at least one-quarter of all outpatient visits. Its impact is indicated in the magnitude of losses in material life economy and national development. Included within each chapter of the report are recommendations for the prevention and control of such injuries. In general it is suggested that a national program to control injuries is needed to reduce the impact that injuries are having on Egyptian society.


AIMS: In this article, we want to share our perspective on how simulation sessions could contribute to change reality, building a safe environment in which facilitators can role-modeling students to develop emotional competence. Noteworthy, acknowledging and legitimating emotions are also essential components of creating a safe environment for students. We also intend to stress how faculty development programs are essential to guarantee that facilitators will be prepared to accomplish this new learning goal, and how different cultural contexts can influence the process. METHODS: In this narrative review, we will focus on the importance of emotions. Emotions in the context of learning but also learners' emotions from the viewpoint of teachers, and teachers' emotions in the context of faculty development. RESULTS: Simulation in medical education is becoming increasingly important. Advances in technology give many opportunities to simulate almost anything you want, with high fidelity and enhanced reality. It creates the possibility of bringing the complexity of real clinical tasks to a controlled simulated environment. While performing these complex simulated tasks, students experience several and sometimes distinct emotions: the emotions of patients and their families, the emotions of the multi-professional team members, and their own emotions, as learners and as future health professionals. Unfortunately, the formal curricula of the majority of medical schools do not address the importance of emotional competence specifically, and students end with the general impression that emotions are mainly negative, and must be avoided and kept at a safe distance. However, there are plenty of data showing how emotions can influence learning and decision-making, and how important it is to create awareness of and modulate them to guarantee the safeguard of patients' interests. CONCLUSIONS: Emotions directly affect several dimensions of clinical work, such as communication, decision-making, teamwork, and leadership. We hope that including dealing with emotions as a natural goal of the learning activities in the health professions can catalyze the reconciliation between the technical and emotional aspects of clinical practice.


Date Presented 04/21/2023
 University students' lifestyle behaviors may change for the better or worse as a result of several factors in their lives. Studying these behaviors would provide effective interventions to improve the lifestyle and health promotion of university students.
 Primary Author and Speaker: Shaden Khalil Al-Matalka
 Additional Authors and Speakers: Mohammad Nazzal, Ala'A F. Jaber
 Contributing Authors: Shaden Khalil Al-Matalka, Mohammad Nazzal, Ala'A F. Jaber, Alaa Oteir, Mariam Abu-Alim


ABSTRACT This study tests persuasive effects of 30 debate performances drawn from samples (n = 5780) of 22 states over four election cycles (2004–2016). We test partisanship of the candidate, type of debate (presidential or vice-presidential), gender of the candidate, whether it was the first debate of the cycle, and whether it was a town-hall debate as possible moderators. Results reveal that viewers are likely to perceive their inparty candidate more favorably after viewing a debate, particularly for vice-presidential candidates, Democratic candidates, and female candidates. Debate viewing did not consistently influence evaluations of the outparty candidate. We conclude that debates can persuade and argue for a reconceptualization of partisan-motivated reasoning as a constraint on political persuasion.


The following abstract is from an article published in the Chinese Medical Journal No. 4, April, 1974, pp. 238–241. It is significant to note that the Chinese do not treat deafness using only acupuncture. The treatment of explosive deafness using Chinese herbs as one of the methods of therapy is a fine example of the multiple approach and integrative attitude of contemporary Chinese medical practices.


In the educational reform after World War II,Japan's private universities established supervisors in general,setting the management of private universities under the situation of separation of powers.This system of supervisors put an end to the unhealthy tendency in private universities.It contributed to the prosperity of Japan's private universities.But with the development of the world,there are many drawbacks in supervisor of private universities.Such system needs further reform.


Objective To analyze the computed tomographic(CT)features of the abdominal anomalies consistent with polysplenia syndrome in adults,and increase awareness for Polysplenia Syndrome.Methods The abdominal CT imaging materials of four cases with Polysplenia Sydrome were analysed retrospectively.Attention was directed to the location and dysplasia of the multiple spleens,stomach,liver,pancreas,intestine and venous.We also reviewed the CT findings of 15 adult patients described in the literature.Results 4 patients comprised 3 females and 1 male were incidentally discovered on CT examination.The number of spleens was from 2 to 12,all were along the greater curvature of the stomach,which was located in the right upper quadrant in one patient.A short pancreas was seen in four,intestinal malrotation in four and absent hepatic inferior vena cava with dilated and abnormal connection azygos vein in three.The liver was in the midline in one,the gallbladder was in the midline in one,in the left in one.Conclusion Understanding of CT imaging findings of various abdominal abnormalities in polysplenia syndrome can contribute to accurate diagnosis and reduce misdiagnosis.


The universe, of which our domicile the planet Earth forms but a minuscule part, has an architecture that changes and has been changing in time. In other words, it has a history of evolution. Lack of experimental evidence denies us the knowledge of what the universe was like &dquo;at the time of its origin,&dquo; as discussed by Hubert Reeves in the preceding chapter. Neither do we know much about its geometry, simply because our observatories are


This paper analyses the impact of business process outsourcing (BPO) on firm productivity based on a comprehensive German firm-level panel data set covering manufacturing and service industries. The growing importance of service inputs into the production process is undisputed. Firms increasingly buy all or at least parts of selected services they need from external service providers. This is especially true for services which rely to a great extent on new information and communication technologies. Outsourcing firms can concentrate on their core competencies. Additionally, they benefit from the expertise of the external service provider. Finally, external vendors are able to provide services at lower price because of scale effects. By estimating a production function, I show that BPO has a positive and significant impact on firm-level productivity. The results are robust across different estimation techniques.


The present invention relates to a rolling mill (1) for the rolling stock (3), in particular a metal strip introduced into the rolling mill (1) of the roll stand (2, 2 '); and further relates to a method of operating, for the rolling members (3), in particular a metal strip introduced into the rolling mill (1) of the roll stand (2, 2 '), wherein the rolling mill (1) having a roll stand (2, 2'), this roll stand (2, 2 ') having a work roll (5, 5') and a control device (6), wherein the rolling member (3) having a rolling head (4) and is rolling head speed (Ve, Ve ') move to the roll stand ( 'on), wherein the work rolls (5,5' 2,2) constituting the rolling gap (G, G '), wherein said control means (6) for the roll stand (2, 2') is so controlled that: the rolling 'prior work rolls (5,5 head (4) into the roll gap (G, G)') with the rolling head speed member (Ve, Ve ') in substantially the same circumferential speed (Vu, Vu2, Vu2') for rotation (S3); at the head of the rolling (4) into the roll gap (G, G ') before the roll gap (G, G') substantially adjusted in the vertical direction (S4) for the head of the rolling thickness of the entrance side (Dw ); in the rolling head (4) into the roll gap (G, G ') or after the rolling gap is closed (S6) a predetermined value, and substantially with the roll gap ( G, G ') is closed, the work roll (5, 5') of the peripheral velocity (G, G ') at the same time according to the rolling gap (G, G') is changed (S7), in particular to improve.


President Trump reportedly planned to label Mexican drug cartels as foreign terrorist organizations, stating that the US considered to "go in and clear out". The Mexican response was quick to follow, expressing concerns about a possible US intervention and the concomitant threat to Mexico's sovereignty. Although President Trump has temporarily halted such designation in the face of Mexican protests (see here), questions remain: What (if any) consequences does the designation as a terrorist organization have under international law and what options does the legal framework provide to combat international terrorism without infringing upon state sovereignty?


Born in Porto Alegre, Brazil, Eduardo Reck Miranda gained a master's degree in Music Technology at the University of York in 1991, and in 1995 he was awarded a Ph.D at the University of Edinburgh. He currently is a researcher in Music and Artificial Intelligence at SONY Computer Science Lab in Paris. Miranda is the editor of the book Readings in Music and Artificial Intelligence (Harwood Academic Publishers) and author of the book Computer Sound Synthesis for the Electronic Musician (Focal Press). He is one of the creators of Nucom (Brazilian Computer Music Association), and he was the chairman of the Second Brazilian Symposium on Computer Music in 1995. His compositions have been performed in concerts and festivals worldwide, including Festival Elektronischer Frühling (Vienna, Austria), International Symposium of Electronic Art (Minneapolis, USA), Festival Synthèse (Bourges, France), Festival Música Nova (São Paulo, Brazil), Encompor (Porto Alegre, Brazil), Festival Internacional de Música Electroacústica (Havana, Cuba) and Música Viva (Lisbon, Portugal). For more information about the LMJ Editorial Board, visit <http:://mitpress.mit.edu/ Leonardo/lmj/sound.html>.


Food consumption is not only subject of interest for academics and companies of the food sector, but also it interests government authorities. This is a quantitative study and its objective is to understand consumers' behavior on their food choices by analyzing motives, which influence people on food consumption. As food choice motivation, the following elements were selected: healthiness, taste, price, safety, convenience and social interactions. For this, visits were made in supermarkets and market places in Lavras city, which is located in the South of Minas Gerais, Brazil. People were approached and requested to participate in a survey. Thus, 309 structured questionnaires were applied via internet. Performing cluster analysis was used to search which motives influenced and characterized these consumers' food choice. Analyses enabled to identify that there are indulgent consumers, but also there are demanding ones, who assign importance to both hedonic aspects (taste and socialization) and health-related motives. Furthermore, a cluster showed to be focused on health and another one seemed to be budget-oriented. Each cluster has a socio demographic profile, which not always coincided with the general profile of the sample; it realizes that socio demographic aspects influence on food choice and, consequently, clusters characterization.
Analysis also enables to identify that the motives related to health not necessarily are
incompatible with the pursuit of pleasure for a group of consumers.


Low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG 300), polypropylene glycol (PPG 425), and their aqueous solutions are investigated for use as novel, nonvolatile, environmentally friendly reaction solvents. The kinetics and selectivities of a SN1 and a Diels-Alder reaction (reactions commonly used in pharmaceutical synthesis) in the polyglycol-H2O solutions are reported. Reaction rate constants and product selectivities in the polyglycol-H2O solvents were comparable to those observed in the traditional organic solvents used with these reactions. Gibbs free energy calculations show that the reactants and reaction transition states for the SN1 and Diels-Alder reactions are stabilized in the presence of the polyglycol-H2O solvents. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50:511–517, 2004)


Density and viscosity have been measured over the entire composition range for the binary mixtures of propylene carbonate and 2-methoxyethanol at 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K. From the experimental results, the excess molar volume (V m E ) and deviation of viscosity based on the mole fraction average (Δη) have been derived. Kinematic as well as relative viscosity data have also been analyzed by two different methods in terms of interaction parameters. Results have been explained on the basis of molecular interactions and geometric effects of the components in the mixtures


In this study, a novel iterative optimization clustering algorithm is proposed by using a manifold distance based dissimilarity metric which can measure the geodesic distance along the manifold and a criterion function which can express the clustering target, that is the samples in the same cluster being somehow more similar than samples in different one. The steps of the algorithm are discussed in detail. Simulation results on six artificial datasets with different manifold structures show that comparing to k means clustering algorithm, the new algorithm has the ability to identify complex non-convex clusters.


From December 1982 to June 1985, 185 patients with signs of chronic liver disease are investigated in National Hospital (Niamey, Republic of Niger). A first group ("Hepatopathy") of 131 patients (75 males, 56 females) is made of 3 chronic liver diseases: 35 chronic hepatitis (CH), 58 hepatic cirrhosis (HC), 38 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A second group ("Controls") of 54 patients (29 males, 25 females) is made of miscellaneous diseases other than CH, HC, HCC. In the first group ("Hepatopathy") serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg-radioimmunoassay) is present in 64.9% (85/131). In the second group ("Controls") serum HBsAg is present in 3.7% (2/54) (Chi-2 test P less than 10(-9)). Serum HBsAg prevalence is more than 50% in each group of CH, HC and HCC. A maximum value is observed in males with HCC (75.7%). These results demonstrate the importance of evolutive HBV infection in the course of CH, HC and HCC in the sahelian region.


Let <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> be a positive integer and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> a prime. The power mapping <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x^{p^{n}-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbb {F}}_{p^{n}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> has desirable differential properties, and its differential spectra for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p=2,\,3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> have been determined. In this paper, for any odd prime <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, by investigating certain quadratic character sums and some equations over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbb {F}}_{p^{n}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we determine the differential spectrum of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x^{p^{n}-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with a unified approach. The obtained result shows that for any given odd prime <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the differential spectrum can be expressed explicitly in terms of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Compared with previous results, a special elliptic curve over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbb {F}}_{p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> plays an important role in our computation for the general case <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p \ge 5$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


The mechanism responsible for fusion cross section limitations in light heavy-ion systems has been the focus of numerous experimental and theoretical studies. Many of the experimental investigations have involved a study of the heavy residues emitted following the interaction of light heavy ions. One difficulty encountered in such studies is separating events from competing reaction mechanisms, such as direct transfer and incomplete fusion, from fusion-evaporation events. In the present work, direct and reverse reaction kinematics are exploited in an effort to determine the magnitude of the nonfusion strength in the heavy residue spectra for the interaction of /sup 11/B and /sup 12/C. It is particularly important that the /sup 11/B+ /sup 12/C fusion strength be properly identified, as it is the measured fusion strength in this entrance channel which in earlier studies clearly ruled out a fusion cross section limitation based upon having reached a critical density of compound nuclear states. In agreement with the earlier investigations, the present study reveals no significant nonfusion component in the heavy residue spectra for the /sup 11/B+ /sup 12/C reaction.


Design and detailing requirements for composite concrete beams are specified in clause 17.5 of building code 318 of the American Concrete Institute. These requirements rely on monolithic action of the entire cross section to develop flexural and shear resistance, and for deflection control. Detailing of the interface between the precast web and cast-in-place flange to resist horizontal shear in a composite concrete beam is crucial in developing a monolithic action for such beams. This paper presents the results of recent research on the behavior of composite concrete beams with a smooth interface. Current provisions of the American Concrete Institute's code on flexural strength, shear strength, and deflection characteristics are found to be satisfactory. However, the code clauses dealing with horizontal shear are found to be very conservative. Based on test results, an equation to represent the shear transfer strength of a smooth interface is developed. Suitable suggestions are made for consideration during the future revisions to design codes.


Abstract Based on a set of software tools, IBSS-ABM, that offers functions for network analysis, simulation of network structures, and analysis of spatial diffusion on networks, this technical note offers research findings on how information diffusion over social media networks progresses and how public attention and how distances affect the efficiency of such diffusion. Public attention value, defined to reflect changes in the degrees to which the general public are concerned with studied events, and the effect of distance decay are both influencing factors that affect how messages diffuse over social media networks.


Agile business process management is an adaptation of the agile methodology, which is well-known in the area of software development. It supports the tight and efficient collaboration between customer and process analysts when designing processes. However, this methodology requires a governance approach that ensures the high quality of the processes. This article shows the usage of quality models to evaluate business processes in agile business process management environments and its specific challenges. To illustrate the approach, an existing quality model is reused and formalized. Afterwards, a business process in the context of offer management is captured and evaluated by means of this


This Paper analyzes Majarni Embassy's diplomatic strategy to China.The conclusion is that Majarni Embassy's visit to China was failure,but their diplomatic activity offered bases for British bourgeolisie's next activity.


It is known that a purely off-diagonal Jacobi operator with coefficients \(a_n=n^{\alpha}\), \(\alpha\in(0,1]\), has a purely absolutely continuous spectrum filling the whole real axis. We show that a 2-periodic perturbation of these operators creates a non trivial gap in the spectrum.


In this paper we are carried out the computer simulation of the dust particles dynamics in the radio frequency discharges at the microgravity conditions using PIC/MCC method for electrons and ions and hydrodynamics model for dust particles. The moving of dust particles is governed by the electrostatic force, ion and neutral drag forces, which are averaged over period of RF discharge. The obtained results show that dust particles form layers with sharp boundaries in the discharge chamber that is response on the instability of the radio‐frequency discharge.


Objective:  this research article seeks to understand how the main focuses of the educational action of the Social Sciences are directed to the understanding of the human in relation to the natural. Methodology:  some conceptual topics that are approached from the Human and Social Sciences are problematic in order to understand the intrinsic and extrinsic relationship in the construction of the theoretical and applied memory of the environmental. And, the category territoriality is promoted from the significance that operates or is recreated from the action and inhabitation of the societies around the natural. Finding: humanity has developed together with the processes of knowledge and learning which gives it the possibility to speak of the capacities that the human being has to be able to organize and benefit from the changes generated in the environment and the nature. Conclusion: the environmental exercise from the disciplinary definitions is not properly determined to the work of the social disciplines; However, in proposing the study of human dynamics around their transformation, it is necessary to carry out the process of understanding and intervention between the relations that the subjects and their creations sustain with the environment.


Here, we report the results of experiments conducted to see if human subjects can track a faint airborne odor plume with the help of an olfactory assist system that presents the amplified olfactory stimuli to the subjects. The system consists of a gas sensor and an odor generator. The sensor measures the concentration variations of a gaseous chemical compound wafting in the air. The odor generator presents the user with an odor with amplified concentration variations. Thus, the user of the olfactory assist system can virtually have an enhanced sense of smell. The odor with four different intensities is generated by the current olfactory assist mask system. We first describe the experiments conducted to confirm that the subjects can surely discriminate the different intensities of the presented odor. The results of gas-plume tracking experiments show that the olfactory assist system can make tracking of an aerial odor plume much easier, because it allows the user to check the spatial concentration variations of a faint odor.


This chapter presents various extensions of the so-called two-flux models for prediction of reflectance and transmittance of diffusing media, that is, the Kubelka–Munk model, introduced in Fundamentals of Optics and Radiometry for Color Reproduction, and the extension of Kubelka–Munk for stacks of diffusing layers. A first matrix formulation of the Kubelka–Munk differential equations leads to a matrix framework based on transfer matrices, which can be extended to stacks of diffusing layers, stacks of nonscattering films, and stacks of scattering and nonscattering films as a generalization of the Williams–Clapper model for prediction of the reflectance of paper photographs, each of these configurations being illustrated through various examples. This chapter also exposes the limits of the two-flux approach and shows that the matrix formalism extends in a straightforward manner to multiflux models, where the size of the matrices is increased.

Keywords:

reflectance;
transmittance;
two-flux model;
Kubelka-Munk model;
Williams-Clapper model;
multiflux model;
multilayer;
colored surfaces;
scattering media;
stacks;
films


In the title compound, C9H12NO2+·C2Cl3O2−, the amino acid molecule exists in the cationic form with a positively charged amino group and an uncharged carboxylic acid group. The trichloroacetic acid molecule exists in the anionic state. The phenylalaninium cations and the trichloroacetate anions form hydrogen-bonded double chains, linked together by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, extending along the c axis.


The article considers Romanian zoometaphors in which animals are used with the purpose of endearing address to a person. Cases of semantic agreement of human characterization and certain animal features are analyzed words used in this pragmatic function which are not included in dictionaries are presented with corresponding illustrations.


There were two entries: the Xiang(乡), Jiuye(救也) and Die(叠), Huaiye(怀也) in Guangya (广雅), which were all annotated as doubtful and uncertain terms by Wang nian-sun(王念孙). The essay argues that although some scholars attempted after Wang(王) to make the entries understood clearly, yet they all failed to do so. The essay suggests that in the first entry Xiang(乡)is Xiang((?) or向), Jiu(救) is Qiu(求) as phonetic loan characters, they actually mean pursue. In the other one Huai (怀) is Huai (坏), its meaning is fall and break, as a synonym of Die (叠) in meaning.


Agriculture is the root of the country,now all sorts of problems of agriculture in our country directly affect the stability of country and society,this paper summarizes the way of our country agriculture development is production mode of enterprization,the topic is discussed from the necessary reasons of agriculture production mode of enterprization,the way of agriculture production mode of enterprization,the result of agriculture production mode of enterprization,the agricultural production mode of enterprization is feasible,based on the agricultural production mode of enterprization,agricultural production will bring to agriculture new vitality and motivation,we can solve problems such as food security,and realize agricultural stability and health.


In this work the voltammetric behavior of denatured DNA in aqueous 0.3 M NaCl+50 mM Na2HPO4on a hemispherical Hg/Ag electrode (MSE) of about a 0.5 mm diameter is compared with that on a classical hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The comparison was done by measuring the differential capacities of the electrodes, the square-wave and the differential pulse voltammetric curves. The considerably lower capacity values of MSE's in the positive polarization region were probably due to the higher adsorptivity of chlorides. In agreement with the literature, in presence of DNA two capacitance peaks were obtained, ascribed to segmental desorption or reorientation of the helical regions. The faradaic voltammetric signal was considered to be due to reduction of adenine and cytosine residues in the measured solution. The application of the more user-friendly and sturdy construction of the Hg/Ag electrode required an appropriate electrochemical pretreatment of the electrode/solution interface. During the described measuring procedure the results obtained on the different interfaces of Hg/Ag and HMDE electrodes differed; however, the reproducibility and the sensitivity of measurements were better with the renewed HMDE.


2The field of VM is growing very fast as the Indian retail is making its presence felt in national and international arena. Today's fierce competition and the similarity of merchandise force each segment of the fashion industry to utilize visual merchandising to improve the desirability of products. Apparel retailers, especially, place more importance on visual merchandising to differentiate their offerings from others'. Retailers can help customers to find the right products through focused merchandising, intelligent store design and layout, and other visual merchandising practices, such as product displays, packaging, and signage. This study represents a contribution to a deeper understanding about the impact of visual merchandising on consumer buying behavior in shopping stores. The main objective of this paper is to study the influence of visual merchandising, especially the one related to the shop-windows, on consumer buying behavior according to store attributes most valued by consumers.


AbstractNowadays, there is a growing tendency in the use of cold formed constructions, which may be explained by good strength to cost ratio. Thus, the goal of this paper is to review the behaviour of cold formed steel connection. The article reviews most up to date publications on testing and description of beam-tobeam, beam-to-column and truss connections. In brief, the properties of cold formed steel connections have been found to be semi rigid, where the main factor affecting stiffness is bearing forces around the bolthole. The article also focuses on the technique to increase stiffness of cold formed connections.


Planning EIA using water footprint and virtual water theory is investigated for the case of Beijing.Calculations of GDP water footprint in Beijing was used to evaluate carrying capacity of water resources.Analysis of virtual input water in the past twenty years,predictions of effects of future virtual water input on ecological environment and economic development demand were done.It was found that further strengthening of the use of virtual water strategies for better real water improvements is needed.Economic development needs the support of water resource.Planning of water resource determines the entire plan of the city.Virtual water and water footprint theory can provide new ideas for EIA planning.


Educational isn't always between teacher and student, even each individual can arrange their learning or what is called learning with their arrangements. This of course requires good self-control from every learner. This study aims to determine the relationship between independent learning and self-control in students through a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample of this study were West Sumatra 2016-2018 students studying at Malikussaleh University using quota sampling. Primary data collection is done by utilizing self-regulated learning scales and self-control scales. Hypothesis test results indicate the value of the correlation coefficient (r = 0.553) at a significance level of 0,000 (p <0.001). The state of this statistical value can be interpreted that the working hypothesis has a significant relationship between the two variables studied.


Objective To express and purify a single chain antibody (scFv)5C1 which specifically reacted to acute myelogenous leukemia cell line KG1a cell. To determine the apparent molecular weight ( M r) of 5C1 scFv′s corresponding antigen and study the effect of 5C1 scFv on the homoaggregation of KG1a cells. Methods An expression vector pSTE 5C1 was constructed by DNA recombination. Expression of the 5C1 scFv was induced by IPTG in E.coli , and the expressed product was purified with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) from periplasmic inclusion bodies. With the purified scFv, the apparent molecular weight of 5C1 antigen was determined by an improved Western blotting assay. The homoaggregation effect of 5C1 on KG1a cells were investigated by a modified semiquantitative method. Results The 5C1 scFv was expressed highly efficiently in E.coli , the yield of purified protein was up to 50 60mg/L cultures. Two protein bands with apparent M r of 85.0×10 3 and 124.5×10 3 were visible in cell lysates of KG1a in Western blotting using the 5C1 scFv. The 5C1 scFv could markedly block homoaggregate formation of KG1a cells in a dose dependent manner. Conclusions The single chain antibody 5C1 was specifically reactive to a KG1a cell surface molecule with apparent M r of (85.0/ 124.5 )×10 3, which may be a cell surface molecule or receptor involved in the homoaggregation of KG1a cells. This result is important for further study of molecular characterization and cloning cDNA of 5C1 antigen.


ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the matters appearing due to local autonomy. It purposes to answer specifically problems faced by Level II Government of Jember, when local autonomy applied. Furthermore, the goals of the study are what innovations done by the government to solve the matters and what the results are. This study uses qualitative approach and historical method, these are four steps: heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study showed that the matters appearing are about human resources and finance. The local government's innovations are exploring local potentials from taxes, local companies' management, and tourism. From the analysis, it can be concluded that human resources matters are crucial, because there are too many employees but their skills are not suitable with their job descriptions. Meanwhile, in financial problems, either the national and local companies or BUMN (Badan Usaha Milik Negara/State Owned Company) and BUMD (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah/Regional Owned Company), or taxes for property and other taxes sectors are managed by central government. In this context, local government of Jember in East Java, Indonesia, through DIPENDA (Dinas Pendapatan Daerah or Regional Income Office) committed to arise original local income. DIPENDA had specific strategies without burdening society. The strategies were extensification and intensification by issuing new object of taxes. KEY WORDS: Local Autonomy; Jember Regency; Human Resource; Financial Resource; Innovation. About the Authors: Dr. Retno Winarni and Mrr. Ratna Endang Widuatie are the Lecturers at the History Department, Faculty of Humanities UNEJ (University of Jember), Jalan Kalimantan No.37 Jember City, East Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the Authors are able to be contacted via e-mail address at: email@example.com Suggested Citation: Winarni, Retno & Ratna Endang Widuatie. (2020). "Local Autonomy with its Problems in the Past and Present: Focused Study in Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia" in TAWARIKH: Journal of Historical Studies , Volume 12(1), October, pp.21-48. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI, with ISSN 2085-0980 (print) and ISSN 2685-2284 (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (June 22, 2020); Revised (August 17, 2020); and Published (October 30, 2020).


The adsorption by activated carbon of a humic acid extracted from Laurentian soil and polystyrene sulfonate, a synthetic polymer, was investigated. Size-exclusion chromatography was used to study competitive interactions among humic components by measuring the changes in molecular weight distributions of molecules remaining in solution after adsorption. The adsorption of humic substances was governed, in large part, by molecular size distribution in relation to adsorbent pore sizes. We demonstrate that the extent of adsorption increases with increasing ionic strength and calcium content. Increases in the extent of adsorption are due, in part, to a decrease in macromolecule size; our data suggest that these changes occur in solution prior to adsorption. The results of analyses employing size-exclusion chromatography demonstrate that low molecular weight fractions of humic material are preferentially removed from solution. Increases in the extent of adsorption correspond to shifts in the adsorbed molecular ...


Although assessment forms a key part of knowledge production in Higher Education spaces, it is rarely brought into the decolonisation conversation. Assessment performs a crucial inclusion/exclusion function. As this function determines formalised recognition of knowledge and proficiency, decolonisation of assessment should be part of decolonial research in Higher Education. Assessment outcomes determine whether and when students will progress and graduate If we focus solely on decolonising pedagogy and content, but rely on existing assessment practises, decolonisation stops at precisely the moment in which students' knowledge is measured. This article explores decolonising assessment through conceptual research and a case study using assessments and discussions from three History courses in a teacher education programme. This combination allows for the blending of a theoretical approach with some aspects of application, as well as a grounding in student-driven ideas. The case-study data is drawn from class discussions.1 This article brings together principles of assessment, theories of teaching History, and theories of decolonisation. I examine how assessment can disrupt notions of where knowledge is held, built, and displayed. I also try to understand what kinds of assessment students could experience as enabling rather than gate-keeping. This investigation is exploratory, with the aim of opening a field of enquiry, not providing clear and definitive answers. However, as students pass through classrooms each year, there is an urgency to the enquiry. How these questions are approached day to day in the classroom will inform both findings and questions.


Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism have long been recognized as significant complications in the treatment of medical and surgical patients. Despite extensive data documenting the incidence of this disease, there are many who would question the magnitude of the problem. . We know that pulmonary embolism is responsible for between 100000 and 200 000 deaths each year in the United States• Many of these deaths OCCur in patients who are suffering from serious disease. But a large number of deaths occur in patients who have comparatively minor ailments, and who might otherwise have lived normal lives. Equally significant Coon & Willis estimate that over 850 000 people in the United States suffer from chronic leg ulcers due to previous deep venous thrombosis (DVT)2. Other studies report that over two million work days are lost in the USA each year due to the morbidity associated with the postphlebitic syndrome'.


A recent policy ruling by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) set aside a fixed amount of cleared spectrum for smaller network providers. Thanks to this ruling, smaller providers can improve their quality of service using carrier aggregation. In this paper, we determine the optimal (minimum) level of carrier aggregation that a smaller provider needs in order to bring its service in line with a larger provider in the same market. Toward this end, we provide an asymptotically exact formula for the loss (blocking) probability of flows under a quality-driven (QD) regime. Using this formula, we establish an efficient way of numerically calculating the optimal level of carrier aggregation and derive scaling laws. Specifically, we show that the optimal level of carrier aggregation scales sub-linearly with respect to the scaling factor, i.e., the ratio between the network capacities of the two providers, and decreases with the initial traffic load of the providers. We derive a closed-form linear upper bound on the optimal level of carrier aggregation and prove that it is the tightest possible. We provide numerical results, showing the accuracy of our methods and illustrating their use. We also discuss the extension of our results to delay-related metrics as well as their application to profitable pricing in secondary spectrum markets.


Field experiments were conducted during four consecutive kharif seasons of 1999-2002 at Ludhiana (Punjab) to evaluate the effect of temperature on phenological development of rice crop sown on two dates (D1-2nd week of May and D2-4th week of May). Rice cv. PR-114 attained physiological maturity in 128 to 138 days for first date of sowing and 135 to 143 days for second date of sowing. The growing degree days required from nursery sowing to physiological maturity ranged from 2644 to 2894 oC days for first date of sowing and 2736 to 2814oC days for second date of sowing with a coefficient of variation of 2.75%. A linear regression model was derived based on phenophasic data on temperature for predicting the onset of a particular phenophase of the crop.


Recent development and enlargement of reclaimed lands along the sea shores required to explore alternatives to existing crops, which are suitable to grow well and to declare higher profits. The objectives of this study were to investigate yield-related parameters for development of new leafy vegetables, and to screen some candidates among New Zealand spinach genotypes which were collected in Korea. Initially all the collected genotypes were grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse of the experiment field in Chungnam National University, and then transplanted into the field to measure morphological or physiological parameters (plant height, branch number, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and maximum canopy diameter), and yield-related parameters (leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight). Those parameters were quantitatively measured at 1, 5 or 9 weeks after transplanting (WAT). Parameters exhibiting statistically significant difference among the accessions were plant height, branch number, maximum canopy diameter, chlorophyll content, and leaf length. In contrast to highly correlated parameters with fresh and dry weight obtained in salt-affected soil in the earlier report, fresh weight was correlated significantly with leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.64), and canopy diameter(r=0.66), while dry weight was correlated significantly with plant height (r=0.46), leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.73), fresh weight (r=0.79), chlorophyll content (r=0.47), and canopy diameter (r=0.87). Based on the significantly correlated with yield parameters, the candidate accessions which were ranked in top statistical groups include CNU06A01, CNU06A13, CNU06A26, CNU06A35, CNU06A38, and CNU06A55. In order to be cultivated in reclaimed lands, it is necessary to screen out salt tolerant accessions among the above high-yielding genotypes.


Some alternative formulations for transient dynamic response optimization are described and analyzed. A critical review and comparative study of the formulations are presented. The key feature of the formulations is that the state variables, in addition to the real design variables, are treated as independent variables in the optimization process. The state variables include different combinations of generalized displacements, velocities and accelerations. Formulations based on different discretization techniques for first-order and second-order differential equations are presented. Finite difference, Newmark's method and some methods based on collocation are all discussed. Similar to the simultaneous analysis and design (SAND) approach used for optimization of static structures and the direct collocation/transcription method for optimal control, the state governing equations are treated as equality constraints. A major advantage of these formulations is that special design sensitivity analysis methods are no longer needed. However, the formulations have larger numbers of variables and constraints. Therefore sparsity of the problem functions must be exploited in all the calculations. Advantages and disadvantages of the formulations are discussed. The results of a numerical example and performance features of the formulations are compared.


To effectively exploit the potential of smart environments, an energy-efficient data exchange between the smart environment infrastructure and its users is necessary. Usually, a major building block of smart environments are different sensors, which typically communicate making use of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Opposed to this, users in a smart environment are nowadays most often equipped with smartphones, which do not support IEEE 802.15.4-based communication, but offer other standards for wireless local communication, like Bluetooth. Consequently, a major challenge in this context is the efficient integration of wireless sensor network and smartphone technology to provide users with smart environment data in a seamless fashion in real-time. To realize the necessary interconnection of sensors deployed in a smart environment and users' smartphones, different possibilities exist, which can basically be divided in extending sensors to support the communication standards offered by smartphones, or vice versa. We analyze different integration possibilities in this context and realize them prototypically. Based on real-world measurements, we evaluate the energy-efficiency of the different approaches, in particular providing a comprehensive analysis of their energy consumption.