Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are serious, life-threatening complications of transplantation, which represent a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative diseases and show a spectrum of clinical, morphologic, and molecular genetic features ranging from reactive polyclonal lesions to frank lymphomas. Polymorphic(P) PTLD are composed of immunoblasts, plasma cells and small and intermediate-sized lymphoid cells that efface the architecture of lymph nodes or form destructive extranodal masses and do not fulfill the criteria for any of the recognized types of lymphoma described in immunocompetent hosts, which shows characteristic clinicopathological features and molecular involvement.


The anatomy of the ventricular myocardium is complex. Models of the heart range from a continuous band, coiled like a turban, to a syncytium without distinguishable sections. The notion of a continuous band has been proposed for many years, but came to prominence with the work of TorrentGuasp et al.1 Although early investigators had described helical fibers and emphasized the importance of twisting of the ventricles during systole in 16692 and 1681,3 little attention was paid to twisting until the publication in 1979 by Arts et al.4 Thereafter, studies of twisting became more numerous. The TorrentGuasp model of a helical ventricular myocardial band (HVMB) that was first proposed in the 1960s added impetus to these studies by emphasizing the helical fibers and provided a model that allowed investigators to explain many aspects of ventricular function.5–7 Criticism of the HVMB is based on the absence of clearcut anatomic separation of distinct bands, as well as a belief that the dissection used by TorrentGuasp created artifactual tissue planes. A more important question, however, is how a band is defined. Among the many dictionary definitions are as follows:


Abstract Digital tomosynthesis (DTS) images reconstructed from the limited-angle scanned projections are often limited in image performance due mainly to superimposed shadow artifacts caused by high attenuation of dense material of the examined object, which makes image contrast of soft tissue distorted. In this study, we investigated a projection-based dual-energy DTS method incorporated with a new software scheme for scatter correction, the so-called weighted l1-norm contextual regularization algorithm, in an attempt to solve the image contrast problem of soft tissue in conventional DTS. The proposed dual-energy DTS process consisted of two main steps: creation of a scatter-corrected decomposition function and separation for soft- and dense-material images in the projection domain followed by DTS reconstruction. We implemented the proposed algorithm and performed a simulation and experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of using the algorithm in DTS. Two sets of projection images were acquired at an angular range of θ = ±40° and X-ray tube voltages of 80 kVp and 140 kVp and scatter-corrected prior to the filtered-backprojection-based DTS reconstruction. The results indicate that our proposed dual-energy DTS method produced cross-sectional images of better contrast characteristics for soft tissue than the conventional single-energy DTS method.


How do changes in labor taxes affect innovation and aggregate productivity growth? To answer this question, we propose a quantitative general-equilibrium growth model with product and quality innovation, estimate its parameters, and provide empirical validation for it. We find that a temporary, deficit-financed, cut in flat-rate labor taxes produces a temporary growth acceleration in aggregate productivity, permanently increasing the path of real GDP per capita. These permanent gains are sizable even in the absence of long-run growth effects. JEL Classification: E23; E24; E62; O30; O40.


A problem of the final time of the effective mass averaging in the system of light and heavy holes is manifested in a study of magnetoresistance (MR) in p‐Ge at low temperatures and a frequency of 10 GHz. It is shown that the effective mass averaging takes place in the time which is more than 10−10 sec and is significantly more than the time of momentum relaxation. The experimentally estimated averaging time turned out to be connected with the time of the energy relaxation.


A modified Freundlich-type bicomponent adsorption isotherm proposed by Sheindorf et al. (1981) was used to describe the competitive adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) onto volcanic soil. The adsorption capacities of 2,4-D and MCPA reduced in presence of the other component compared to pure component adsorption capacities.


Objective:To observe the effect of Jianpi Jiangzhi Ling(健脾降脂灵) in treatment of experimental hyperlipemia Wistar rats.Methods:The curative effect of Jianpi Jiangzhi Ling on blood lipids in normal and hyperlipemia Wistar rats were observed.Results:After Jianpi Jiangzhi Ling treatment,the level of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG) were decreased,highdensity lipoproteincholesterol(HDLC) was increased,there were no significant differences comparing with control group (all P 0 05).The level of TC,TG,lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC) were lower significantly in hyperlipemia Wistar rats ( P 0 01 or P 0 05),and the level of HDLC were significantly higher ( P 0 05) after Jianpi Jiangzhi Ling treatment.Conclusions:Jianpi Jiangzhi Ling may regulate the level of blood lipid in normal and hyperlipemia Wistar rats.The effect is more significantly in hyperlipemia rats than in normal rats.


Comprising a computer program encoded on a computer storage medium, the method for identifying the key database, system, and apparatus. One of the methods includes receiving an identification of a first field within the first data set including a record. The method includes identifying a set of values, wherein the set comprises a value associated with the field for each record. The method includes the application of the filter mask, and generating a filter mask based on the set of values can be determined that no value is given in a set of values. The method includes receiving a second data set including a second field, and the second set of data includes a record. The method includes determining a count of the number of records in the second data set with a value associated with the second field, which has passed through the filter mask. The method also includes storing the count in the profile.


Health care-associated infections are common and costly complications in hospitalized patients, especially the critically ill. The major nosocomial infections include surgical site infections (SSI), central line-associated bloodstream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Each infection accrues significant direct (e.g., additional medications and increased hospital length of stay), indirect (e.g., shortand long-term morbidity, lost income to the patient and family members), and intangible (e.g., pain and suffering, patient stress) costs. In addition to the increased risk of mortality, health care-associated infections increase attributable hospital costs by $10,000 to $40,000 per patient episode.1,2 A central question important to the pathogenesis and prevention of perioperative infections is how microorganisms are spread in the environment. The elegant investigation of Birnbach et al.3 reported in this issue of the journal provides important insight into this question by demonstrating that "we have met the enemy, and he is us" (Pogo). Of course, the "pathogens" in this simulated study are nonexistent, but real patients are heavily populated with numerous microorganisms making up the oral flora4 and skin microbiome.5 Common oral microorganisms have been implicated in diseases such as bacterial endocarditis, aspiration pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, brain abscesses, osteomyelitis, cardiovascular disease, meningitis, and have been associated with preterm low birth weight babies.4 Moreover, of the 700 oral bacterial species (phylotypes), >60% have not yet been cultivated or fully identified.4 We do know, however, that the predominance of one bacterial species or another varies throughout individual sites inside the mouth; for instance, the dorsum of the tongue is populated differently than the lateral aspects of the tongue. The various microenvironments of the buccal epithelium, the hard and soft palate, the tonsils, and even tooth plaque all favor one bacterium over another. Overall, a total of 141 different bacterial taxa were cultivated from the oral cavity of 5 healthy volunteers, including species of Gemella, Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Actinomyces, Atopobium, Rothia, Neisseria, Eikenella, Campylobacter, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia.4 Organisms of the oral flora can be associated with specific diseases (Table 1). In the intensive care units or the institutionalized patient population, the aerobic and anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli often become transient and dominant opportunists, creating additional risk of secondary disease.6 During surgery, glove failure (e.g., perforation) defeats the protection of the surgeon from the patients' blood-borne pathogens and exposes the surgical wound to microorganisms found on the surgeon's hands. Since the incidence of inadvertent glove puncture is over 60%, double gloving or the use of gloves with puncture-indication systems that show a visible green color when damaged have been recommended.7 The use of double gloves also has been purported as an effective method of reducing surgical cross-infection and resulting in fewer SSI. In fact, double gloving (or even triple gloving, or the use of glove liners) results in significant reduction in perforations to the inner glove, but they do not appear to reduce the incidence of SSI.8 The practice that appears to decrease microbial contamination during orthopedic surgery is simply changing the outer glove after draping.9 Thus, in surgery, the use of double gloves has no defined benefit on SSI, but changing the outer glove after draping decreases bacterial cross-contamination. For the anesthesiologist, then, the obvious questions are: how will the surgical lessons of double gloving be applied so that we (and our patients) might derive maximum benefit? What is the anesthesia practice equivalent of double gloving for surgical procedures? And, more importantly, what is the anesthesia practice equivalent of changing surgical gloves after patient draping, and when is our patient at greatest risk of contamination? Birnbach et al.3 give us a simple answer: 1 time of major contamination occurs immediately after airway management. Although this may seem intuitive, the study is brilliant not only in the fact that it addresses an important patient safety issue, but because it suggests some reasonable solutions that are readily and easily achievable. There is ample precedent for implementation of new paradigms to reduce the risk of hospital-acquired infections. Education programs focusing on teaching doctors and nurses better sterile technique for the insertion and maintenance of catheters have been shown to significantly reduce the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections.10 In particular, it has been possible to show that such programs If One Is Good, Are Two Always Better?


In this paper we propose an algebraic model of systems based on the concept of symmetry that can be instrumental in representing Systems of Systems two main characteristics, namely complexity and (hierarchical) emergence.


IT Governance becomes a key component in corporative governance because of the influence of information systems and technologies that support every component of the organization. IT governance which is applied to government organizations can provide positive benefits and support the achievement of business objectives to increase the quality of public services. Application of a good IT Governance is used to apply it in accordance with institutional context. The method used is COBIT 5 combined with ITBSC, then mapping with institutional objectives. The process of collecting data using structured interview methods to the stakeholders in Kupang Municipality. This research found that capability level of Kupang Municipality is in position 0 (incomplete process) with target level of capability of 3, it means that IT Governance of Kupang Municipality not in a maximal condition to responding business process. This study also produced a recommendation for improvement in order to increase the value of capability levels that were set based on COBIT 5.


Combinations of two enantiomerically pure organic tectons 1 and 3 with either Zn(ii) or Cu(ii) cations lead to the formation of four homochiral 3D networks among which two, 1-Cu and 3-Cu, are robust porous crystals displaying homochiral cavities and permanent microporosity. 3-Cu porous crystals capture 66% and 20% of l- and d-tryptophan, respectively, after 30 min of adsorption.


Most Raman sensors are based on Raman tags linked to bulky aromatic molecules that affect the subcellular localization. Therefore, here, we developed a small ratiometric Raman sensor, ThioRas, to effectively detect thiols in live cells. ThioRas has a nitrile group that serves as a Raman tag for the thia-Michael reaction, and its nitrile signal shifts in the presence of an adjacent double bond. The molecular


The enjoyable effects of alcohol have paved the way for the mass consumption of a drug which places a huge burden on European health resources and has a devastating effect on some individuals, their families and their communities. Controlling alcohol consumption is notoriously difficult and governments have attempted to tread the line between satisfying the public and limiting harm. There are parallels to the controls imposed on nicotine consumption but, in reality, there are certain aspects about alcohol that make the decisions in this area more challenging. These include the wellpublicised occasional beneficial effects. The purpose of this conference was to bring together healthcare workers from multiple disciplines and many countries to bring to light the problems caused by alcohol, the difficulties faced with controlling it, and to make a concerted effort to get agreement on a charter that would provide recommendations to governments about the issues of alcohol control. With alcohol use permeating many societies absolutely, a problem arises in detecting 'problem drinkers'. Many alcohol misusers come into contact with the medical profession with unrelated problems.1,2,3 The World Health Organization has identified that the medical profession needs to improve the identification of these individuals, offer them more non-stigmatising assistance and attempt to reduce their alcohol consumption.4 To succeed in this aim it is important that healthcare professionals are equipped with information regarding the burden of the physical and financial problem.


Introduction: An ideal screw for subtalar fusion would be designed such that screw thread length in the distal bone would be maximised but without distal perforation, whilst having no threads across the fusion site that would inhibit compression. Method: Radiographs and clinical assessment of 100 patients who had undergone subtalar fusion were analysed and correlated with the presence or absence of non-union. In addition, using the characteristics of the inserted screw as a scaleable marker, it was calculated what would have been the optimum length of screw thread in order to maximise screw thread length in the target bone whilst preventing the screw threads being across the fusion site. Results: There is no correlation between the presence of screw threads across the fusion site and non-union. Currently available screws have thread lengths that are either too long (breaching the fusion site) or too short for ideal fixation and we propose a different thread length to those currently available. However, even with current screws, we found no correlation between thread length, thread positioning across the fusion site and non-union.


In the early-mid years of 1930s,there were three kinds of practice of journalism discourse in Peking.Popular journalism based on liberalism-nationalism,controlling journalism polarized between class antagonism/nationalism, or democracy and human rights/the nationalism,and the Soviet journalism puzzled between"revolution"and"construction".


A theory for self-fields in a free-electron laser with three-dimensional (realistic) helical wiggler and axial magnetic field is presented. It is shown that the transverse-velocity-induced self-magnetic field has a diamagnetic effect for group I orbits, while for group II orbits it has a paramagnetic effect.


CdSe single crystals grown by the Prior method were treated in a broad range of Cd or Se vapor pressures and quenched to room temperature. The Hall coefficients and electrical resistivities of specimens were determined between room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature. Effect of thermal treatment in metal or chalcogen vapor on electrical properties of CdSe was examined as a function of the vapor pressure. The result shows that electron concentration of CdSe prepared from 6-nine Cd and 5-nine Se does not depend on Cd vapor pressure but, it seems to depend on Se vapor pressure. On the contrary, electron concentration of CdSe prepared from 5-nine Cd and Se seems to vary as PCd1/3. Dependence of resistivity on PCd and PSe2 is also reported.


Process facilities often use a combination of centralized and decentralized treatment plants for solid, liquid and gaseous waste streams. However, despite continual improvements in pollution-control technologies, treatment and disposal methods rarely lead to zero emissions. And, many add-on controls consume raw materials and energy themselves, create secondary waste streams, or require additional capital and operating costs. Environmentally sound manufacturing does not come only from developing better techniques for treating wastes at the end of the production process. Greater effort and capital budgets must be devoted to developing preventive measures, rather than simply working to improve existing treatment and disposal methods. In general all aspects of chemical production and waste management must be integrated. Since pollution-prevention efforts cannot totally eliminate waste formation, process operators should also consider the possibility of onsite reuse of unwanted byproduct streams. IN some cases, the recovery and reuse of unreacted raw materials or auxiliaries may be more cost effective than investing in system overhauls to eliminate their formation.


Prorocentrum donghaiense is a harmful-algal-bloom-forming species of planktonic dinoflagellates widely distributed around the world, which threatens the marine environment and human health. Bacteria are promising biological agents to control algal growth in HABs. Previously, we isolated an Alteromonas sp. FDHY-03, a P. donghaiense-lysing bacteria strain, from Xiapu Sea area of China. In order to improve the algicidal activity of this strain, we optimized the medium composition and culture conditions. Based on single-factor method experiment design, the optimum medium component of algicidal effect for strain FDHY-03 was sucrose and peptone. The result of Plackett–Burman design indicated that three significant factors (sucrose, peptone, and rotational speed) appeared. Finally, the concentrations of key factors were confirmed by central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimized medium, the algicidal rate of strain FDHY-03 against P. donghaiense improved by 67.15%, and the OD600 value increased by 2.86-fold. The optimal source and condition were sucrose 0.46% (w/v), peptone 4.25% (w/v) addition, and rotation speed 255 rpm. Overall, this study provides an optimized method and optimum medium for improving the algicidal activity against P. donghaiense, and has a positive influence on algae-lysing bacteria for controlling the blooms of the algae in the environment.


Nonhuman primates are known to use objects as tools. Amongst the great apes, gorillas seem to be the least proficient tool users. Previous research has shown that the western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) at the Buffalo Zoo use buckets, given for enrichment, to collect water (Margulis, Steele, & Kleinfelder, 2012). To further explore the cognitive ability of these gorillas, a study was designed that tested whether the gorillas could distinguish between a functional and a non-functional manipulable object. The gorillas were given four buckets, two of which had holes drilled in the bottom (the ―non-functional‖ bucket). Seventy-eight hours of videotaped data were collected to test the hypothesis that the gorillas could distinguish between the functional and the non-functional buckets for transport of liquids. Overall, gorillas interacted with functional buckets significantly more than with non- functional buckets. This pattern was driven largely by the behavior of the oldest adult female. The findings suggest that gorillas have the ability to recognize tool functionality.


Dyslexia, parents in need Pat Heaton 1999 (Reprint) London, England Whurr Publishers Limited $58.20 (GST Incl.) MacLennan & Petty A5, 150mm X 230mm book, 93 pages Able Underachievers Diane Montgomery 2000 Great Britain Whurr Publishers MacLennan & Petty $81.25 Paperback, 230 pages. Dyslexia in the Workplace Diana Bartlett and Sylvia Moody 2000 London, UK Whurr Publishers $81.25 Paperback, 218 pages.


An image reading device is provided, which includes a controller configured to, when a carriage reaches a turn-around position in a moving direction, control a motor to once stop, then rotate in a second direction opposite to a first direction such that a planetary gear swings to a position separated from an output gear and that an intermediate gear moves to an engagement position to engage with the output gear, and thereafter again rotate in the first direction so as to transmit a driving force from the motor to the output gear via an input gear, a planetary gear, and the intermediate gear.


Introduction ............................................................................................ 1057 I. Background: Standardized Testing and the Post-Affirmative Action Landscape ........................................................................................ 1059 A. The Current Status of Affirmative Action in Higher Education .................................................................................. 1059 B. The Adverse Impact of Standardized Testing in the Current Admissions Climate .................................................................. 1062 C. Responses to Criticism of Standardized Testing ....................... 1066


OBJECTIVE
To find out whether recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) given perioperatively has any effect on haemostatic activity in patients undergoing elective colorectal resection.

DESIGN
A placebo-controlled double-blind study.

SETTING
Odense university hospital, Denmark.

SUBJECTS
24 patients undergoing elective colorectal resection, 13 of whom were given r-HuEPO (Eprex) and 11 placebo.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Concentrations of haemoglobin, tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; activated partial thromboplastin time; prothrombin time; platelet and reticulocyte counts; blood loss; and transfusions.

RESULTS
There was no significant change in fibrinolytic activity, prothrombin time, or activated prothrombin time in the treatment group. Platelet counts differed slightly but not significantly, being higher in the r-HuEPO group. There was a significant increase in reticulocyte counts in the r-HuEPO group.

CONCLUSION
R-HuEPO given perioperatively significantly increased erythropoiesis in patients undergoing elective colorectal operations but had no influence on haemostatic activity.


The strength of faults is subject of an important debate throughout various Earth Scientific disciplines. Different scientific communities have different perspectives with respect to appropriate values for friction coefficients μ. Geodynamicists with a long-term perspective require very low effective strengths (μ<0.05), while at the same time realizing mountains need to be sustained as well. Geologists and seismologists typically start from Byerlee friction coefficients of 0.6<μ<0.85, whereas rock mechanics experiments at high seismic slip rates show short-term low dynamic friction values of 0.03<μ<0.3. Here I show that both long- and short-term approaches can be made more compatible through considering that a regional or global frictional strength should be approached as a strain-averaged quantity. Doing this accounts for large variations of strain in both time and space. What matters for large-scale models is that most deformation occurs over a very small space and time during which friction is exceptionally low, thus making the representative long-term strength low. This is supported by seismo-thermo-mechanical models that self-consistently simulate the dynamics of both long-term subduction and short-term seismogenesis. The latter sustain mountain building, while representative earthquake-like events occur on faults with pore fluid pressure-effective static friction coefficients between 0.125 and 0.005 (or 0.75<Pf/Ps<0.99). These low friction values suggest faults are weak and suggest the dominant role of fluid pressures in weakening faults in subduction zones. This is confirmed in analytical considerations based on mechanical energy dissipation, which provide an equation to calculate the long-term fault strength as a strain-average quantity. Constraining the four parameters in this equation by observations confirms that fluid weakening is more important for long-term weakening than dynamic frictional weakening and low static friction coefficients. From the short-term perspective of modeling earthquake rupture dynamics it is now also becoming evident that fluid overpressured faults are preferable. They namely facilitate the incorporation of laboratory-observed dynamic weakening (70-90%) by limiting the stress drop to reasonable values. In summary, this cross-scale perspective supports long-term effective friction values in the range of about 0.03 to 0.2.


The interpretation of ZD and 3-D seismic and suites of well logs from submarine fans known to be important reservoirs lacks an important compan-ion, namely detailed studies of major outcrops. Such studies can provide data to construct synthetics that may be suffiaently comparable to subsur-face information to pmvide a guide to interpretation and a framework for understanding the reservoir architec-tun?.


An apparent problem noticeable in multimedia system nowadays is the absence of appropriate design strategies that rightly kindle preschoolers' motivation to learn. The primary force behind a person in pursuit of academic learning is motivation. The success or failure of any of the academic learning tasks is closely correlated to motivation. Therefore, multimedia systems that are adapted to stimulate motivation are of essential, particularly for those aimed at children who have vast different behaviour and preferences. Educators have been searching for strategies or approach to the generation of a motivated multimedia. In response to this, we conceived possible strategies to supplement preschoolers' motivation in multimedia learning. That is, by including Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfactory, four design strategies of motivation prescribed by Keller (2010) into the multimedia system via the deployment of tangible objects. A relevant prototype named as MotivaLearn had been developed for investigation. The finding results renders us the feasibility of such multimedia. This paper discusses how the four strategies of motivation were applied on multimedia, followed by conclusion drawn from statistical analyses which revealed that the MotivaLearn improved 248 preschoolers' learning motivation significantly more than conventional multimedia.


As primary pump of High Temperature Gas-cooled Rector (HTGR), the safety and reliability of primary helium circulator has a direct relationship with heat export in the reactor core. This paper proposed two conceptual design methods, which are structural redundancy design in the axial and radial magnetic bearings (coils), and crossing redundancy design between amplifiers and the redundant bearings (coils), combined with the characteristics of magnetic bearing in the primary helium circulator. Then we built Markov model for the magnetic bearing with redundant structure, which was used to reliability analysis and calculation. Finally, we performed simulation of the redundant magnetic bearings in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the redundant structure design can greatly improve the reliability of the magnetic bearing system. Therefore, these methods would provide a new approach for further improving the safety and reliability of primary helium circulator.


Abstract A saline-reactive antibody, anti-Uz, that reacted stronger with S+ than with S– red blood cells (RBCs) and failed to react with U– or ficin-treated RBCs has been previously reported. We describe an antibody of similar specificity in the postpartum serum of an untransfused woman and the eluate from her fourth child's cord RBCs. The mother's RBCs typed S–s+U+, He+(weak), and appeared to have normal glycophorin A and B content, as determined by immunoblotting. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and the autocontrol were negative. Her serum reacted stronger with S + RBCs only in the antiglobulin phase, and failed to react with U– or ficin-treated RBCs. The antibody was adsorbed completely by S–s+U+ RBCs, proving that anti-S was not present. Monocyte monolayer assay results with S+s–U+ and S–s+U+ RBCs indicated that transfusion of incompatible blood would not result in significant hemolysis. The child's cord RBCs typed S–s+. The DAT was 3+ with anti-IgG, and an eluate prepared from these RBCs had the same reactivity as the maternal serum. The child showed no clinical signs of hemolytic disease of the newborn. In contrast to previous reports, these results suggest an immune form of anti-Uz. Immunobematology 1993;9:47–49.


To meet different requirements of automotive power transmission system and bodywork control system,a hierarchical control network was constructed for entire cars and its scheduling strategy was studied.Analyzing the characteristics of information in automotive control system,a new network was designed interconnecting TTCAN(time triggered controller area network) for power transmission system with CAN(controller area network) for bodywork control system.The AL(average loading) algorithm is proposed to schedule TTCAN and RM(rate monotonic) algorithm introduced to schedule CAN.Finally the scheme proposed is applied to automotive control system,and the result of real-time analysis verifies the feasibility of the scheme.


By Pick's invariant form of Schwarz's lemma, an analytic function B ( z ) which is bounded by one in the unit disk D = { z : | z | at each point α of D . Recently, several authors [ 2, 10, 11 ] have obtained more general estimates for higher order derivatives. Best possible estimates are due to Ruscheweyh [ 12 ]. Below in §2 we use a Hilbert space method to derive Ruscheweyh's results. The operator method applies equally well to operator-valued functions, and this generalization is outlined in §3.


Calculating the balance of alumina in electrolytic cell according to actual current intensity,confirm the correct alumina addition system and the time interval of addition;according to the energy equilibrium,confirm the working voltage of the electrolytic cell;recalculating the raw materials consumed in each ton of metal aluminum and adjusting the process parameters according to the reduced current intensity.


Nathaniel Hawthorn was one of the greatest American romanticists in the 19th century whose novel "The Scarlet Letter" has been regarded as one of the greatest works in American literature since it was published.By using the skill of symbolism successful Hawthorn made the novel rich in content and extolled the meaning of life.This article attempts to expound the symbolism of life through the analysis of three aspects:the scarlet letter "A",the character Pearl,and the background of execution in the story.


As this issue of Race & Class was going to press, we received from a friend in Jerusalem an Arabic language pamphlet which is currently circulating among Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza, and Israel. The author of al-A'anaf fi al-Aradhi al-Muhattalati (Non-violence in the Occupied Territories) is Dr Mubarak A wad, a US trained Palesti nian educator. We think this is a very important initiative, and the lively interest it has sparked among Palestinian activists to be a most significant development. In rough translation, we publish excerpts from this pam phlet in the hope that it will receive broad attention, and the discussion be constructively joined by others engaged in the struggle for justice and Palestinian self-determination.


The growing size of high-value sensor-born or computationally derived scientific datasets are pushing the boundaries of traditional models of data access and discovery. Due to their size, these datasets are often accessible only through the systems on which they were created. Access for scientific exploration and reproducibility is limited to file transfer or by applying for access to the systems used to store or generate the original data, which is often infeasible. There is a growing trend toward providing access to large-scale research datasets in-place via container-based analysis environments. This paper describes the National Data Service (NDS) Labs Workbench platform and DataDNS initiative. The Labs Workbench platform is designed to provide scalable and low-barrier access to research data via container-based services. The DataDNS effort is a new initiative designed to enable discovery, access, and in-place analysis for large-scale data, providing a suite of interoperable services to enable researchers, as well as the tools they are most familiar with, to access and analyze these datasets where they reside.


DESCARTES, the French philosopher, said, &dquo;I think, therefore I am. &dquo; By this he meant that the power of thought was the determining factor of his manhood. Correct thinking is essential to complete understanding. &dquo; With understanding comes power &dquo;, and it is therefore our duty, before we exercise power, to arrive at complete understanding. Anthracite is upon the firing line. Its labor relations, the conduct of its


Pedal errors have been reported as a cause of fatal traffic accidents. However it is not well understood why and when these pedal errors happen as well as how to mitigate them. In this paper, we study pedal error events in a real-world stop-and-go driving experiment, in which we quantitatively analyze foot behavior with measurements from embedded vehicle sensors (e.g. brake or acceleration pedal state) as well as a video input looking at the driver's foot. Our analysis shows some initial insights in factors influencing pedal errors (beside other possible causes like driver age, gender, and driver workload), including Sequential Effects and Cue Modality. We also develop a new vision-based approach for driver foot behavior analysis and use it to predict brake and acceleration pedal presses. Experimental results over twelve different subjects show that the proposed approach correctly detects pedal misapplications approximately 200ms before the actual press. This indicates the potential of applying this approach to predict and mitigate pedal errors in real-world driving.


In this paper we describe the KMN PKC and the special class of it. KMN PKC has the feature that, two sequences are used as the public keys. We discuss on the security of KMN PKC against the low-density attack with computer experiments.


The regression coefficients of the 150-mb wind at Liverpool in winter on (a) the 300-mb wind and the 500-mb wind jointly, (b) the 300-mb wind alone, (c) the 150-mb wind 12 and 24 hr previously, (d) the 150-mb wind 12 hr previously alone and (e) 24 hr previously alone, have been computed from data for January and February 1950 to 1954 with the aid of an electronic digital computer. The single regression equations are found to be practically as useful as the double ones. 12-hour forecasts using the regression equation compare favourably with those made by orthodox methods.


The article covers the issues of civil relationships' classification, which are considered from the position of competition of civil standards subdivided into general and special rules. The necessity to differentiate the notions competition and conflict of civil standards is grounded. The author formulates the competitive rules for applying civil standards. The competition of civil standards is considered as a focal instrument for the methodology of applying civil laws.


Garry oak (Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.) woodlands and savannas in the Puget Sound Region have been dramatically reduced in area since the 1850s, and many remaining stands are in poor condition. This is due in part to the invasion and eventual dominance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in many oak stands after Native American burning practices were ended. In 2001, we initiated a study at Fort Lewis Military Reservation near Tacoma, Washington, USA to examine the response of oaks to release from overtopping Douglas-fir. We tested three release treatments on individual overtopped oaks >20 cm diameter: a full release in which all competing conifers were removed, a partial release, and a control that consisted of a stand-level thinning not specifically directed toward oak release. Logging damage to oaks was minimal in all release treatments, and three years later there has been no windthrow or mortality. Released trees are now producing more acorns and have begun to rebuild their crowns


AbstractThe use of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) systems in the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members has become widely accepted in recent years. A significant concer...


Habitat Suitability Index model for warbling vireo reproductive habitat based on habitat attributes such as structure, type and spatial arrangements.


UK demographic and legislative changes combined with increasing burdens on National Health Service manpower and budgets have led to extended roles for community optometrists providing locally‐commissioned enhanced optometric services (EOS). This realist review's objectives were to develop programme theories that implicitly or explicitly explain quality outcomes for eye care provided by optometrists via EOS and to test these theories by investigating the effectiveness of services for cataract, glaucoma, and primary eye care.


In traditional distributed simulation schemes, the entire simulation needs to be restarted if any of the participating logical processes (LPs) crash. This is highly undesirable for long running simulations. Some form of fault tolerance is required to minimize the wasted computation. A rollback based optimistic fault tolerance scheme is integrated with an optimistic distributed simulation scheme. In rollback recovery schemes, checkpoints are periodically saved on stable storage. After a crash, these saved checkpoints are used to restart the computation. We make use of the novel insight that a failure can be modeled as a straggler event with the receive time equal to the virtual time of the last checkpoint saved on stable storage. This results in saving of implementation efforts, as well as reduced overheads. We define stable global virtual time (SGVT), as the virtual time such that no state with a lower timestamp will ever be rolled back despite crash failures. A simple change is made in existing GVT algorithms to compute SGVT. Our use of transitive dependency tracking eliminates antimessages. LPs are clubbed in clusters to minimize stable storage access time.


An overlay media service proxy network is formed by a set of multimedia service proxies deployed at strategic locations in the underlying network. Proxies in this overlay network are able to provide applicationlevel media services, such as media data transcoding and analysis. End points of multimedia communication can then connect to this network, and request a combination of media services delivered by one or more proxies in it. In this paper, we study the problem of finding multimedia service paths in a media service proxy network. A service path connects a pair of communicating end points via a chain of media service proxies. We show that service path finding is different from both network-level QoS routing and application-level multicast; and that existing solutions are not readily applicable. Our solution includes a cost-effective mesh augmentation method and a resource-aware service path finding algorithm. The mesh augmentation method creates a highly connected mesh within the overlay network, without increasing bandwidth probing overhead. Based on the mesh, the service path finding algorithm computes the 'safest' service paths with respect to end-to-end resource availability, thus achieving high overall service path success rate. Both simulation and analytical results demonstrate the soundness of our solution.


We discuss a specific way in which the conclusions of the Kochen-Specker theorem may be avoided while, at the same time, closing the gap in a practical but usually neglected matter regarding scientific methodology in general. Implications of the possibilities of hidden variables thus defined are discussed, and a tentative connexion with cosmology is delineated.


In the RODOS project data assimilation methods are under development to assess the radiological situation in real time in case of an accident at a nuclear power plant. Due to the short time available to take decisions during the early phase a judicious combination of model predictions and monitoring data will have to be used. It is shown that actual site-specific monitoring strategies in Europe are not adapted to this new method. A new site-specific monitoring framework is proposed. Assimilation of simultaneous on-line gamma dose rates from detectors located around an installation constitutes the first and principal source of information to assess the magnitude of the release. Complementary mobile monitoring of particulates, iodine and noble gases can then directly be correlated to the gamma dose rates. The information about the exact monitoring location is not used, provided the three components are sampled simultaneously in a β field.


Objective:To search the etiopathogenisis of db/db mice reproductive failure,which is supposed to be involved in the interaction of leptin and reproduction.Methods:Adult,female C57BL/6J mice were used in these studies.Littermate wide types(LR+),as well as diabetic(db/db)mutant genotypes(LR-),were matched for the allograft of the ovary.Different genotypic mice were constructed with body LR-,ovary LR+ in Group KO,as well as body LR+,ovary LR+ in Group WT,respectively(n=7).The stage of cyclicity was determined by microscopic analysis of the predominant cell type in vaginal smears obtained daily,starting 2 weeks after transplantation,during two cycles.Mice in diestrus were decapitated.Blood was collected and centrifuged,and serum was stored for analysis of sex hormone and lipid profile.The ovaries were used to detect the levels of STAR,CYP 17,CYP 19,OB-RB,JAK 2,STAT 3,PIAS 3 and SOCS 3 mRNA.Results:Our results show that the mice displayed absent cycles in KO group,and the mice had normal cycles in WT group.The levels of E2,FSH,GLU,INS,CHO,LDL-C,body weight,fat weight and ovary weight as well as uterus weight were significant different in two groups.The ovarian mRNA expression of the STAR,CYP17 and CYP19 were lower in the KO group than in the WT group,but the expression of the OB-RB,STAT 3,PIAS 3,SOCS 3 mRNA were higher in the KO group than in the WT group.Conclusion:There were abnormal endocrine state in db/db mice(hyperglycaemia,hyperlipemia and lower gonadotropic hormone levels).The abnormal state can down regulation the mRNA expression of the ovarian steroid synthetase and result the hyop-ovarianism.Ovary is not essential to whole glycometabolism and lipid metabolism.


This research aims to investigate how the messages from media (TV, web, radio and so on) influence our choice, in term of look, diet, dietary habits and sport. In particular, the work that we present is focused on the use of Media Education to promote a new awareness in adolescence about the influence that the messages from media have on our behaviours. In this way, we can promote new competences about comprehension and production of communication both by face-to-face way and both by media. Moreover, we can promote a new and more functional image of body in adolescence.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the inhibition activity of Tribulus terrestris L. (T. terrestris) fruits extracts with solvents of increasing polarity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and to determine the inhibition mode of the most effective extract against both enzymes.

Design/methodology/approach
Hexane, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts of T. terrestris fruits were prepared using ultrasonic sequential extraction and analyzed for their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities by specific assay for each enzyme. The modes of inhibitions were detected using Lineweaver–Burk plots.

Findings
T. terrestris fruits extracts showed inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase which was in the dose-dependent manner. Hexane extract had the highest α-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC50 = 27.28 μg/ml, p = 0.003), followed by acetone and ethanol extracts (IC50 = 60.58 μg/ml and IC50 = 84.21 μg/ml, respectively). The inhibition mode of hexane extract was noncompetitive. While acetone extract showed the highest inhibition activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 6.18 mg/ml, p = 0.002), hexane and ethanol extracts showed no significant difference (IC50 = 13.04 mg/ml and IC50 = 14.20 mg/ml, respectively, p = 0.09). The inhibition mode of acetone extract was competitive.

Originality/value
T. terrestris fruits extracts had strong inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and they can be used as a promising anti-diabetic agent.


ABSTRACT Sustainable agroecosystems must be managed to support biodiversity conservation and food production, which occur at the interface of regional/national policy frameworks, and local knowledge and perspectives. This paper examines the current breadth of research examining farmer knowledge of beneficial insect activities that provide ecosystem services (or benefits) in agroecosystems. We identify patterns and gaps in the literature and opportunities for future research. We found 34 studies that explicitly focused on and documented local knowledge of how insect taxa provided ecosystem services in agroecosystems, the majority of which were immediately observable in farmers' daily practice: pest control (n = 26), pollination (n = 4). We suggest that there is a need for greater investigation of local knowledge of the breadth of ecosystem services provided by insects and identify key research areas that are opportunities for investigation.


In the conditions of globalization in the world economic communications the role of information support business processes increases in various branches and fields of activity. There isn't an exception the warehouse activity. Such information support is realized in warehouse logistic systems. In relation to territorial administratively education the warehouse logistic system gets a format of difficult social and economic structure which control the economic streams covering the intermediary, trade and transport organizations and the enterprises of other branches and spheres. Spatial movement of inventory items makes new demands to participants of merchandising. Warehousing (in the meaning – storage) – is one of the operations entering into logistic activity, on the organization of a material stream, requirement in which cannot be. Therefore, warehousing as "management of spatial movement of stocks" – is justified. Warehousing in such understanding try to get rid as to contain stocks - business expensive. This aspiration finds reflection in the logistic systems working by the principle: "just in time", "economical production" and others. Therefore the role of warehouses as places of storage is transformed to understanding of warehousing as innovative logistic system.


The article determines the role of intangible assets in an enterprise development and their impact on the business efficiency. A comprehensive study of scientific literature on IA usage analysis has enabled the stages of these analysis and defined the content of the analytical work on each stage. The paper is largely focused on proving the necessity of carrying-out the goodwill analysis and determining the specifics of IA analysis for integrated enterprises. A significant stress is made on the need for regulation of IA evaluation and accounting procedures which would serve as the basis of the analysis


【Task】 The present invention provides a method for integrating an imaging device equipped with a slit lamp suitable for observing a wide area and / or an enlarged view of a retinal image through an dilated or non-dilated pupil. [Solution] The apparatus includes an illumination system that images the anterior and posterior segments and the section / focal plane between them and utilizes one or more LEDs, moving optical elements, and / or aperture stops. Light travels along or off the optical axis of the optical system into the optical system, returning from the retina to the imaging path, creating artifacts at different locations on the retina. Artifacts are detected and removed from the image by the imaging process. This device is suitable for retinal imaging through non-dilated pupils, non-pharmacologically dilated pupils or pupils on the order of 2 mm. A plurality of images including reflection artifacts are generated and then combined into a composite artifact-free image through an imaging process.


In this paper, we have obtained the second regularized trace formula for the differential operator equation with the semi‐periodic boundary conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


With the advent of innovative technologies and multi-dimensional researches along the setting of entrepreneurship development, philosophy, context and business handling has been transformed from being traditional to innovative. Depending on diversity and nature of the transformation, innovation has been shifted from closed to open to crowdsourcing innovation. Ranging from small entrepreneurs to corporate business houses are being immensely benefited by the innovation techniques, especially utilizing information and communication technologies. However, the road to innovation, despite being a paradigm shift is not smooth and ready for many, particularly the small and medium enterprises who mainly deal with the clients at the outer peripheries of the social circle. This chapter synthesizes issues of opportunities and challenges for small and medium enterprises by carrying out a broad literature review and synthesis. Furthermore, the chapter will provide a few research hints to be applicable for researchers and research institutions.


The oligomerization and polymerization of 1-pentene using Cp 2 ZrCl 2 , Cp 2 HfCl 2 , [(CH 3 ) 5 C 5 ] 2 ZrCl 2 , rac-[C 2 H 4 (Ind) 2 ]ZrCl 2 , [(CH 3 ) 2 Si-(Ind) 2 ]ZrCl 2 , (CH 3 ) 2 Si(2-methylbenz[e]indenyl) 2 ZrCl 2 , Cp 2 ZrCl-{O(Me)CW(CO) 5 }, Cp 2 ZrCl(OMe) and methylaluminoxane (MAO) has been studied. The degree of polymerization was highly dependent on the metallocene catalyst. Oligomers ranging from the dimer of 1-pentene to polymers of poly-1-pentene with a molar mass M w = 149000 g/mol were formed. Cp 2 ZrCl{O(Me)CW(CO) 5 } is a new highly active catalyst for the oligomerization of 1-pentene to low molecular weight products. The activity decreases in the order Cp 2 ZrCl{O(Me)CW(CO) 5 } > Cp 2 ZrCl 2 > Cp 2 ZrCl(OMe). Furthermore, poly-1-olefins ranging from poly-1-pentene to poly-1-octadecene were synthesized with (CH 3 ) 2 Si(2-methylbenz[e]indenyl) 2 ZrCl 2 and methylaluminoxane (MAO) at different temperatures. The temperature dependence of the molar mass can be described by a common exponential decay function irrespective of the investigated monomer.


The background of this research is the increasing number of complaints of inpatients, especially on the quality of services and facilities. The growing number of complaints leads to dissatisfaction and will affect patient loyalty. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of service quality, facilities hospital image, patient satisfaction on the loyalty of RSUD Tugurejo's Semarang inpatients. Technique that used in this research is Non-Probability Sampling with Purposive Sampling approach, which has ever used inpatient services of RSUD Tugurejo in 2016, who is appropriate to be a sample.  The collection of data obtained through 182 inpatients, with the aim of knowing the responses of respondents on the variables studied by questionnaire tool, using Likert 1-10 scale. Data analysis and interpretation techniques using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), according to the model developed in this study, the operation through Amos version 22.0 program. The results showed that service quality has a positive and significant effect on hospital image, service quality has a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant effect on patient loyalty.  Facilities has a positive and significant effect on service quality, facilities has a positive and significant effect on hospital image, facilities has a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction.  Hospital image has a positive and significant effect on patient loyalty.  Patient satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on patient loyalty


This paper reports a circularly polarized cross‐slot coupled elliptical patch antenna for implementation in a new radio‐frequency identification and localization system currently under development. The radio‐frequency localization system in this work is composed of a reader and a semiactive tag (a battery feeds the tag to increase its reading range but the backscattering modulation principle is used to decrease its power consumption). The overall system is designed in the ISM frequency band of 5.8 GHz. This frequency band is a good compromise that permits a large bandwidth and a good range for use in a local positioning system (∼10 m). This antenna is to be used by the reader as its radiation pattern is semispherical. It provides the circular polarization required by the targeted application to allow the tag identification within any physical position. The antenna bandwidth and axial ratio were enhanced using a proper design and a cross‐slot feeding of the patch. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 336–339, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22136


This paper describes a concept of distributed measurement system, hardware that accomplishes the concept, firmware based on usage of HDL structures from existing libraries or possibilities of using so called "open cores" and user software capable of controlling such system.


Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is a dicotyledonous angiosperm plant which belongs to the Convolvulaceae family and its capable of producing nutritious tuberous roots eaten worldwide. Its origin, as well as the circumstances related to its worldwide dispersion, are pertinent questions and intrigue researchers till nowadays. China is the main sweet potato producing country, and the Asian continent has the largest share of world production. In Brazil, sweet potatoes are specially grown by small farmers and used to domestic market supply. The sweet potato arouses huge interest when considering its nutritional qualities, mainly because it is rich in fibers, micronutrients, and an excellent source of energy for the consumer. The colored pulp cultivars such as yellow, orange, and purple sweet potatoes have in their composition several bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. In this regard, the work presents a review of the main aspects related to taxonomy, morphology, history, world production, and Brazilian production, highlighting the nutritional potential and the social relevance of sweet potatoes as a crop.


While there is ample research theorizing reasons for so-called "achievement gaps" between African American and White students on standardized tests, few studies explore African Americans' perceptions of the impact these tests have on overall education. Through interviews with six current students attending Hillsborough County public high schools, one recent graduate of a Hillsborough County high school, and two parents of students in Hillsborough County public schools, this research study probes participants' perceptions of the impact of the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) on their high school experiences. All participants in the study identified as African American or Black. Through archival research and participant observation with the Tampa Bay Academy of Hope (TBAH), a non-profit organization dedicated to developing leadership, behavioral, and academic skills for inner-city middle and high school students, this study also investigates the role of community-based organizations in facilitating the successful navigation of academic and bureaucratic challenges for African American students and


The question of the rentability of an automatic dispensing system depends on the design of the entire logistic process. Putting the relatively high investment costs in front stage, our coupling of the AXONS system to compressed storage StockFlowE racks represents a very interesting and flexible alternative. The AXONE system recognizes optically batches of the drug packages ordered by the wards and assorts them to prepared delivery boxes. First experiences show that the frequency of the deliveries and the precision quality are comparable with the performance of an automatic device.


ABSTRACT Behavioural finance literature argues that stock issuance contains information on equity valuation. If so, does it predict the cross-section of both country and industry stock returns? To answer this question, we investigate data from 68 markets from 1976 to 2022. We find that composite equity issuance negatively correlates with future aggregate stock returns. An equal-weighted quintile of countries (industries) with the highest issuance underperforms those with the lowest by 0.34% (0.58%) per month. Established risk factors and other anomalies cannot subsume this cross-sectional pattern. Furthermore, the effect remains robust to many considerations. This documented issuance anomaly paves the way for an exploitable international investment strategy.


Todays world having a real challenge of how to improve existing sorting system with modern processing system including features of image processing like identification, sorting, processing. To identify the object colors existing systems includes optical, capacitive, inductive sensors. These robots are costless, fastest, more valued in terms of saving money and labor. This paper presents smart method for real time assessment and selection of objects by using robotic arm. Proposed robot sort bulk of objects in quick time and carry load larger than a human can carry. This increases speed and accuracy of the sorting process of industry manufacturing units.


The present invention is a touch panel, and relates to a method of manufacturing the same, the production method of the touch panel of the present invention, and forming an insulating layer on the conductive pattern cell, to form a plurality of conductive pattern cells that are spaced apart from each other on a substrate, the isolated containing the conductive material of the first black (black) on the layer, to interconnect the conductive pattern cell and a first bridge (bridge) to form an electrode, and the second black conductive in on the first bridge electrode material to form a second bridge electrode including a.


The statement often called the Gromov-Lawson-Rosenberg Conjecture asserts that a manifold with finite fundamental group should admit a metric of positive scalar curvature except when the KO * -valued index of some Dirac operator with coefficients in a flat bundle is non-zero. We prove spin and oriented non-spin versions of this statement for manifolds (of dimension > 5) with elementary abelian fundamental groups π, except for toral classes, and thus our results are automatically applicable once the dimension of the manifold exceeds the rank of π. The proofs involve the detailed structure of BP * (Bπ), as computed by Johnson and Wilson.


The history of the development of Qirā'āt began at the time of the Prophet when the Qur'an was revealed in seven letters and continued from generation to generation to give birth to a branch of practical science, namely Qirā'āt Science. 'āt Mutawatir and Mashūr. The wisdom with the existence of various Qirā'āt is one form of the ease and flexibility of Islam for its people in worshiping and practicing the contents of its religious teachings. The various qira'at does not mean that the Qur'an has different readings which cause differences in content according to differences, but shows that the Qur'an is very rich in a variety of readings which is a greeting of its beauty..


Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) deaneorum sp. n. is described from specimens collected in Guajara-Mirim, Rondonia state and Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil, on human and animal baits, inside dwellings and from the progenies of engorged females. A detailed description of the shape of egg, external appearance of adult female and male, genitalias, female cibarial armature and complete chaetotaxy of pupa and larva show that it can be distinguished from Anopheles albitarsis from the type-locality and other areas by the paler general external appearance of the adult, the posterolateral tufts of scales, on the female abdominal terga and the branching of the outer anterior clypeal seta (3-C) of the fourth instar larva (as shown in illustrations). If species can also be distinguished from An. albitarsis from the type locality by the allele frequencies at 11 enzymic loci as represented by Nei's Genetic Distance.


In the current study, the response of flat, grid and conventional slab against seismic excitation is studied and comparative analysis is performed to establish which among the three slab system would be most effective and safe in an earthquake scenario. The parameter such as storey displacement, drift, shear, and base shear of each slab arrangement is extracted from ETABS which is general structural design software for comparison. In the analysis, three different building specimen with the aforementioned slab type having length, width and height of 40m, 30m and 30m respectively are designed as per Indian design code IS: 456:2000 and analyzed as per IS:1893:2016.


In recent years the U. S. A. and Russia have taken many similar or identical actions, e.g., increased their military budgets, made disarmament proposals, signed joint treaties. It was hypothesized that attitudes of American students toward these similar actions would exhibit a double standard, favoring the U. S. A. Parallel 50-item questionnaires were given to 27 college students in a counterbalanced design. As predicted, most U. S. actions were rated much more favorably than the identical Russian action (45 of 50 higher, 30 significant). However, Ss who had just rated one nation's actions were more neutral in rating those of the other nation, suggesting that a balanced presentation of information leads to greater objectivity. The double standard in evaluating international actions is necessary for operation of the "mirror-image effect" described by Bronfenbrenner.


Development of the advanced computational software, including packages for symbolic computations, created new possibilities for solving the initial value problems for ordinary differential equations. The specific methods, that could be considered only theoretically without the possibility of symbolic computations, became particularly important. One of such methods is the method based on one of the fundamental theorems in mathematical analysis, known in the professional literature as the Taylor formula [?]grzy. Idea of this approach is very simple, but its application requires the calculation of the higher order derivatives of the discussed function which could cause the problems in times when the technique of symbolic computations with the use of digital machines was not yet available. These problems however disappear when we have such computer techniques at our disposal. Obviously, there exist a number of methods suitable for solving problems of the considered kind, like, for example, the whole group of Runge-Kutty methods [6, 7, 8, 9], or the, less known, Adomian decomposition method [1, 4]. In this paper we compare the effectiveness of the investigated method with the effectiveness of the sixth order Runge-Kutty method and the numerical method implemented in Mathematica software [2].


Aims To assess whether psychiatric comorbidities affect response to medications in adulthood ADHD. Methods This study included 236 subjects diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood between the ages of 18 and 65 years and receiving pharmacological treatment for the same across community treatment teams in Durham and Darlington. Patients were identified by going through electronic case notes. Review of SWMWEBS scores and clinic letters were carried out both prior to and following commencing medication for ADHD to assess response to treatment. Comorbidities were recorded by reviewing clinic letters. Results 56% of the study subjects had no psychiatric comorbidity while 44% had at least one comorbid psychiatric diagnosis. Both groups had a higher prevalence of males in the ratio of 1.9:1(with comorbidities) and 3:1 (without comorbidities). Depression(56%) was noted to be the most common comorbidity followed by Autism(22%), Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder(11%) and Bipolar Affective Disorder(10%). 94% patients without comorbidities responded favourably to treatment whereas only 56% of patients with comorbidities improved with treatment. Conclusion Having a comorbid psychiatric illness is likely to negatively impact both treatment response and recovery in adults with ADHD. Both groups(with and without comorbidities) had a male predominance (2.5:1). Higher number of patients amongst the nil comorbidities group responded favourably to treatment. Most common psychiatric comorbidity was Depression. Least favourable response to treatment was found among the groups of Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder and Bipolar Affective Disorder. No gender bias in response to treatment across both the groups.


In this work, we investigate non-Hermitian (NH) elastic waveguides with periodically applied proportional feedback efforts, implemented through piezoelectric sensors and actuators. Using one-dimensional spectral models for longitudinal motion, it is shown that dispersion diagrams of this family of structures exhibit non-reciprocal imaginary frequency components, manifesting as wave attenuation or amplification along opposite directions for all Bloch bands (BBs). The effects of positive and negative proportional feedback, as well as local and non-local actuation are investigated. Overall, switching the sign of the feedback effort inverts the amplification direction, while increasing the degree of non-locality produces splitting of the BBs into multiple bands with interchanging non-reciprocal behavior. Furthermore, skin modes localized at the boundaries of finite domains are investigated and successfully predicted by the winding number of the complex dispersion bands. These results contribute to recent efforts in designing metamaterials with novel properties associated with the physics of non-Hermitian systems, which may find fruitful technological applications relying on vibration and noise control, wave localization, filtering and multiplexing.


The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique has been introduced to use in wireless networks to achieve the higher bit rate. Although the bit rate is increased, the throughput in wireless networks using MIMO technique is not increased by the same ratio. A number of new media access control (MAC) protocols have been proposed to increase the throughput in the MIMO wireless networks, but more overheads are added into the transmission process. This study proposes a new MAC protocol called the extended contention period (ECP) protocol which increases the throughput in the wireless networks and reduces the overheads in the transmission process. We also develop a simulation model to evaluate the performance of the ECP protocol and compare with the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol.


Acknowledgements Introduction Chapter 1: Victorian Literature: A Cultural and Historical Overview, Jennifer Cadwallader Chapter 2: "The velocity of the novel-producing apparatus" and "large loose baggy monsters": The Changing Reputation of the Victorian Novel, Tamara Sylvia Wagner Chapter 3: Popular Fiction and Social Protest: Dickens in the 1830s, Chris Louttit Chapter 4: Faith and Doubt: Tennyson and Other Victorian Poets, Saverio Tomaiuolo Chapter 5: Victorian Romanticism: The Bronte Sisters, Thomas Carlyle, and the Persistence of Memory, Laura Dabundo Chapter 6: Overt and Covert Narrative Structure: A Reconsideration of Jane Eyre, Katherine Saunders Nash Chapter 7: What is a Social Problem Novel?, Barbara Leckie Chapter 8: Matrimony, Property, and the "Woman Question" in Anne Bronte and Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Amy J. Robinson Chapter 9: A "World of Its Own Creation": Pre-Raphaelite Poetry and the New Paradigm for Art, David Latham Chapter 10: Matthew Arnold as a Critic: A Twenty-First Century Perspective, Clinton Machann Chapter 11: Great Expectations, Memories, and Hopes Dashed: Dickens and Late Style, Grace Moore Chapter 12: Tragedy and Ecology in the Later Novels of Thomas Hardy, Ronald D. Morrison Further Reading Contributors


Proton-proton elastic scattering angular distributions have been measured at 6.141, 8.097 and 9.918 MeV laboratory energy, in an experiment designed to achieve an absolute accuracy better thanlojo. Phase shift analyses \ have been performed using S.,.,splitP-,and D-waves. The P.;.wave splitting was assumed to be dominated by a) a central plus tensor interaction or b) a central plus spin-orbit interaction. In both cases the P-wave splitting was kept.small, a condition imposed by the small polarizations measured in this energy range.


The solidification of cast iron is a complex process with characterized entrance and marginal conditions. Thermal analysis is one of the processes that allows us to observe the solidification of alloys. There is a possibility of gaining information about the melted cast iron quality and predicting the final properties of the cast by evaluating the scanned cooling curves by solidification (stable and metastable system). This article deals with the study and analysis of cooling curves taken from production conditions of a foundry during ductile cast iron production. The aim is to discover the reproduction and reliability of the thermal analysis results of cast iron. The study of the progress of the cooling curves and their first derivation to follow the reactions of the curves to changing factors in the production process.


In order to enhance the correctness and scientific quality of the application of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in sports scientific researches,so that it can serve practice more effectively,the authors focused on exploring problems that tend to occur when applying fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,such as using it only because it has to be used,incomplete or too many or too specific evaluation index systems,unclearly specified weight determination method and process,and too arbitrary operator selection,and put forward the following measures respectively for these problems: a suitable research method should be selected according the objective requirements of research design;the index system should be determined by using the expert interview method;the weight calculation method should be in conformity with the actual circumstances of the research subject,and detailed explanation should be made for the calculation process;suitable operators should be selected according to the single factor evaluation matrix,weight vectors and actual comprehensive evaluation requirements,and their rationality should be explained.


AbstractThe function of the poly(A) protein complex located at the 3'-OH terminus of the majority of the mRNP is still unknown. Regulation of gene expression at the level of mRNA translation is often proposed (Brawerman, 1981). So far three poly(A) metabolizing enzymes have been studied: poly(A) polymerase, endoribonuclease IV and 2', 3'-exoribonuclease (Muller et al., 1983). In this abstract the results of kinetic studies on polyadenylation performed with poly(A) polymerase of cryptobiotic gastrulae of Anemia sp. are reported.


This Paper deals with the most prominent singular rhetorical terms in (In Arus Al-Afrh Book) of Sabki, where the rhetorical term has been multiplied, and the singular means those terms that consist of one single word. In the beginning, it included standing on the definition of the term linguistically and idiomatically, in which I reviewed the opinions of scholars and the transformations of the concept of the term from one scholar and one time to another. And then the conclusion that summarized the results.


This paper offers an institutional and evolutionary interpretation of the Soviet-type state. Coercion, corruption and reform are treated as three distinct principles organizing the system of rule and the developmental potential of the state. The strong reliance on coercion characteristic of Stalin's period gave way to the corruption of the society by the elites, and vice versa. This mutual adjustment between the ruling classes and the society is one of the reasons for the declining efficiency of the Soviet-type regimes, particularly in the economic domain. The solution to this is the market reform and political changes that are necessary to make it work. The reform problem is examined from two perspectives: (1) the Soviet world system; (2) internal factors that help or block the reform efforts. The general theoretical analysis is illustrated with a discussion of the Hungarian, Polish and Czechoslovak cases.


This experiment was carried out at the Experimental station of the faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University during two successive seasons 2016/2017 on Red Roomy grapevines. The beneficial effects of spraying Dormex at 4%, Salicylic acid at 5%, Garlic oil at 2%, camphor oil at 2% and Lemon grass oil at 2% on bud break and improve the Red Roomy production under warm climate were investigated. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with three replicates per treatment, one vine per each. The results indicated that all treatments were very effective on breaking bud dormancy and improving the yield and quality of the berries compared with the check treatments. The best results regarding the improvement of cluster compactness coefficient, number of berries and berry setting were obtained with spraying lemon grass oil at 2% and camphor oil at 2%. No significant differences were found between Dormax and the other compounds.


Analysis of the basic echocardiographic parameters in infants with aortic stenosis of Ivano-Frankivsk region was performed. The basic anatomical and hemodynamic peculiarities of aortic stenosis at valvular, subvalvular and supravalvular levels were determined. The most common form of aortic stenosis is valvular stenosis which accounts for 70% of all congenital heart disease and can be combined with different anatomic variants of commissural fusion, dysplasia of valve cusp, and hypoplasia of the aortic valve ring. 59 children with aortic stenosis under one year old were examined. Depending on the severity of aortic stenosis the children were divided into the following groups: 45.9% of cases were diagnosed with mild aortic stenosis, 23.7% of cases were diagnosed with moderate aortic stenosis, severe aortic stenosis was registered in 13.5% of cases and critical aortic stenosis was seen in 16.9% of cases. Basic echocardiographic parameters were defined. They included end diastolic volume index, ejection fraction, the Tei index, left ventricular mass index and pressure gradients across the aortic valve. As a result of dynamic monitoring of patients with different degrees of aortic stenosis the changes in basic echocardiographic parameters were defined and high sensitiveness and informativeness of Tei index for determining optimum further management of children with aortic stenosis were proved.


Intrusion detection plays a very important role in network security system. It is proved to analyze the payload of network protocol and to model a payload-based anomaly detector (PAYL) can successfully detect outliers of network servers. This paper extends these works by applying a new noise-reduced fuzzy support vector machine (fSVM) to improve the detection rate at lower false positive rate. The new noisy against fuzzy SVM is applied to analyzing 1-gram, 2-grams and 2 v -grams distribution classification of network payloads, which constructs three different intrusion detection models, respectively. These new intrusion detection models employ reconstruction error based fuzzy membership function to reduce the noisy of the data and to solve the sharp boundary problem, respectively. Experimental results based on DARPA data set demonstrated that the proposed schemes can achieve higher detection rate at very low false positive rate than the original and general SVM methods.


For technical speech recognition systems as well as for humans it has been shown that the combination of acoustic and optic information can enhance speech recognition performance. But it still remains an open question, at which stage of processing the two information channels should be combined. We systematically investigate this problem by means of a neural speech recognition system applied to monosyllabic words. Different fusion architectures of multilayer perceptrons are compared both for noiseless and noisy acoustic data. Furthermore, different modularized neural architectures are examined for the acoustic channel alone. The results corroborate the idea of separate processing of the two channels until the final stage of classification.


vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS x TABLE OF CONTENTS xii LIST OF TABLES xviii LIST OF FIGURES xx LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xxiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 DISTRIBUTION AND UTILISATION 1 1.1.1 Fruit yield 2 1.1.2 Vitamin C content 2 1.1.3 Oil and protein contents 3 1.2 MORPHOLOGY 4 1.3 POTENTIAL FOR PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS 4 1.4 PLANT TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES 5 1.4.1 Types of basal media 6 1.4.2 Sterilisation and surface decontamination 6 1.4.3 Explants 7 1.5 CHALLENGES TO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY OF WOODY SPECIES 7 1.5.1 In vitro recalcitrance of plant tissues 8


The purpose of this article is to examine the biblical exegesis of two seventeenth-century Dutch Remonstrant theologians, Simon Episcopius (1583–1643) and Étienne de Courcelles (1586–1659). Their hermeneutic was characterized by an emphasis on the perspicuity, or clarity, of scripture through the use of reason, combined with the marginalization of spiritual meanings in favor of the literal-grammatical sense alone. In both of these emphases, they went beyond their theological forebear, Jacob Arminius (1559–1609), and adumbrated the methods of later Enlightenment thinkers. The stress on perspicuity and authorial intention led to increasing fascination with text criticism, linguistic analysis, and historical contextualization, highly rarefied disciplines that became prerequisites for correct, scholarly biblical interpretation. This development also pushed the question of biblical fallibility closer to the center of the doctrine of scripture. As a consequence of the philological, scientific study of the Bible, biblical interpretation was relegated to the field of scholarship and doctrinal formulation to the church. The original ideal of biblical perspicuity resulted in biblical obscurity.


One cannot say that any remarkable discoveries have been announced during the past several years in any phase of gallbladder disease, but certain advancements have gradually been made. For example, the belief that cholecystitis starts primarily as a chemical lesion has become more and more prevalent. Supporting evidence for this hypothesis is available in the fact that cultures of the bile and wall of the gallbladder in cholecystitis are so often negative. I am convinced that the infectious phase of cholecystitis is usually superimposed on an initial chemical inflammation. The role of infection in gallbladder disease has definite clinical significance, particularly in cases of fulminating acute cholecystitis when there may be indecision as to whether cholecystectomy or cholecystostomy should be performed. When systemic reaction is severe, the demonstration of numerous bacteria in a smear made from bile aspirated from the gallbladder at the operating table may correctly indicate the performance


On base of art building and student dining room of Shanxi University,it introduces the specific assumption and practice of heating air-conditioning system energy management and energy saving program of it,and this has certain referring value to the construction and management of campus after.


We present simulated and experimental results from a conformal meta-antenna that was designed with a holographic-derived surface impedance for placement on a cylindrical surface. This class of antenna relies on the interaction between a surface wave generated by a simple radiator, e.g., a vertical monopole, and a spatially modulated surface impedance to generate high gain and predictable far-field radiation profiles. The surface impedance profile was formed using a distribution of sub-wavelength isotropic metal patches printed on a thin grounded dielectric substrate. An analysis of the meta-antenna radiative performance on both planar and cylindrical substrate geometries illustrates the importance of appropriately tailoring the surface impedance profile to account for the influence of curvature.


Introduction: Research has shown that Veterans with Substance/Alcohol Use Disorders (SUDs/AUDs) are at a greater risk for employment-related issues (eg, lower labor force participation rates), and interventions such as Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) have been used as a tool to reduce employment obtainment and maintenance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate acceptance rates and employment rates at closure for Veterans with SUDs/AUDs prior to the implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 (mandated that Veterans are not refused services based on prior or current SUD/AUDs). SUD/AUDs were coded to reflect DSM 5-TR criteria of active use and in-remission. Methods: Data from a VHA Vocational Rehabilitation program in the Veterans Integrated Service Network 12 network were obtained for the purpose of the current study. Results: Findings showed that Veterans with AUDs were less likely to be accepted for VR services prior and after implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163. Conclusions: When examining active and inactive SUDs/AUDs, findings showed that implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 was not effective for Veterans with AUDs. One factor that was not explored but could explain disparities in program acceptance rates is duration of program entry. If a Veteran has a consult placed for VHA Vocational Rehabilitation services, and their program entry date (date accepted) is a significant duration, then perhaps Veterans with active AUDs start drinking again given that they are waiting for vocational assistance. Thus, it would be important to assist Veterans with active AUDs into services in a timely manner (perhaps prior them being discharged from SUD treatment).


The PP2C-type protein phosphatases(PP2C)are a kind of monomeric enzymes that present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.They are a distinct family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases.A distinguishing feature of PP2C is their requirement of Mn~(2+) or Mg~(2+) for their activity.PP2C exert their negative regulations to protein kinase cascades by dephosphorylating at the Ser/Thr residue of proteins.PP2C have been found as the regulators of cell cycle,stress-induced MAPK pathway,gene transcription,protein translation and post-translation modifications et al.Their activities could be regulated by H_2O_2,unsaturated fatty acid,Ca~(2+)/CaM and endogenous lipid messengers.


Objective To study the effect of berberine on glucose metabolism in rats with insulin-secretion deficiency. Methods The fasting blood glucose (FBG) was observed before and after treatment, insulin (INS), hepatic glycogen, lactic acid (LA), and the activity of hepatic glucokinase (GK) were detected after two weeks of treatment. At the same time the protein expression of hepatic GK was determined using Western blotting. Results In comparison with the model control, the FBG level of berberine group was obviously lowered, and the levels of hepatic glycogen and GK significantly were raised, while the level of INS and hepatic LA showed no evident difference. Conclusion It is suggested that berberine has the significant effect on improving glucose metabolism in rats with insulin-secretion deficiency, which might be closely correlated with the effects on activating the activity and the expression of GK that is a key enzyme of glucose metabolism.


In this paper,a GSM network-based remote home appliance control systems,detailed system design programs to Single Chip microcomputer as the core,the use of GSM wireless mobile communications network platform,information through short implementation of remote monitoring of home appliances,the system is simple ,remote control and so on. Has broad application prospects.


This study examined the prevalence and circumstances of child sexual abuse in a community sample of Latina women, 18 to 50 years of age. Chi-square tests of independence and t-test procedures were used to assess the prevalence, characteristics of the victim, assault, perpetrator, disclosure, and long-term effects. One in three Latina women reported incidents of sexual abuse, regardless of acculturation or citizenship status. More than one third of the women also experienced revictimization, with more than 80% of initial incidents occurring from the age of 7 years. The majority of the experiences occurred in private locations, by young male perpetrators, known to the victim. Four women were forced to marry perpetrators of their abuse. Treatment implications and community-based interventions for Latina survivors of child sexual abuse are discussed.


We employ a multiscale theoretical method, which combines the first-principle calculation and a grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, to predict the adsorption capacity of hydrogen in silicon nanotube (SiNT) arrays at T = 298 K in the pressure range from 1 to 10 MPa. In the multiscale method, the binding energy obtained from the first-principle calculation is used as an input in the GCMC simulation. It is found from the first-principle calculation that the SiNT arrays exhibit much stronger attraction to hydrogen both inside and outside SiNTs, compared to the isodiameter carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The subsequent GCMC simulations indicate that the SiNT arrays present distinct improvements of 106%, 65%, and 52% in the gravimetric adsorption capacity of hydrogen at P = 2, 6, and 10 MPa, respectively, compared to the isodiameter CNTs. This suggests that the SiNT array is a promising candidate for hydrogen storage.


Part I: Genetics. Searles, The Contribution of Genetic Factors to the Development of Alcoholism. Cadoret, Genetics of Alcoholism. Tarter, Moss. Laird, Biological Biological Markers for Vulnerability to Alcoholism. Rowe, Behavior Genetic Models of Alcohol Abuse. Part II: Family Processes. Barnes, Impact of the Family on Adolescent Drinking Patterns. Johnson, Psychosocial Functioning in Children of Alcoholics. Bennett, Wolin, Family Culture and Alcoholism Transmission. Leonard, Marital Functioning Among Episodic and Steady Alcoholics, O'Farrell, Sexual Functioning of Male Alcoholics. Leonard, Summary: Family Processes and Alcoholism. Part III: Family-Orientated Treatment. Collins, Family Treatment of Alcohol Abuse: Behavioral and Systems Perspectives. Cronkite, Finney, Nekich, Moss, Remission Among Alcoholic Patients and Family Adaptation to Alcoholism: A Stress and Coping Perspective. McCrady, The Marital Relationship and Alcoholism Treatment. Rychtarik, Alcohol-Related Coping Skills in Spouses of Alcoholics: Assessment and Implications for Treatment.


With increasingly complex systems, relying on systems engineering as an interdisciplinary method to manage engineering processes is essential for companies. However, too many projects still fail and industrial groups have argued that these failures may be related to the managerial techniques used. Indeed organizational processes are more or less specifically mentioned in System Engineering standards but in practice project managers tend to rely more on their own standards which sometime set forth practices not in line with those of the System Engineering domain, hence the reported discrepancies which very often lead to project failure. Thus to improve the companies' competitiveness when developing new products, cooperation between processes related to system development and project management is key to achieve performance and success. This paper presents arguments which tend to support this theory and details two ongoing projects that aim at integrating both domains.


The application of no-fault liability to highly dangerous activities is favorable to victims, but it may leave the no-fault parties in economic difficulties, and it may even bring about serious impacts on the society. Electric power operation belongs to high dangerous activity. With analysis on the "fault" factor in no-fault liabilities for power operation fault and damage, it is proposed that the measure of negligence offset should be applied in weighing liabilities according to the fault degree of the victim and the third parties, and at the same time the amount of compensation should vary accordingly to reflect whether the injuring party has fault or not.


Vascular leak is a common disease complication, yet the signaling networks regulating barrier integrity are incompletely understood. We developed a novel methodology, Temporally REsolved KInase Network Generation (TREKING), which combines a 28-kinase inhibitor screen with machine learning and network reconstruction to build time-resolved, functional phosphosignaling networks. We demonstrated the utility of TREKING for identifying pathways mediating barrier integrity following thrombin stimulation with or without tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activation in brain endothelial cells. TREKING assigned distinct barrier phenotypes to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and revealed a condition-specific MAPKAPK2/MK2 switch kinase pathway with early barrier-disruptive activity in both inflammatory conditions, but late barrier-restorative activity exclusively in the absence of TNF pre-conditioning. MAPKAPK2/MK2 was activated with expected distinct kinetics under the two inflammatory conditions and late activation was linked to a MAP3K20/ZAK-MAPK14/p38α-MAPKAPK2/MK2 pathway. Beyond MAPKs, TREKING predicts extensive interconnected networks that control barrier integrity and is a tool for dissecting complex temporal phosphosignaling networks across biological systems.


In this paper, a novel approach for estimating signal parameters in strong clutter using chaos synchronization based on Support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Assuming that the clutter process is chaotic, chaos synchronization is found to be able to extract the weak signal even when the signal is totally embedded inside the clutter spectrum. When the dynamics of the chaotic system is unknown, an SVM-based chaos synchronization is proposed to estimate the signal parameters. The unbiasedness and efficiency of the proposed approach are evaluated theoretically. Computer simulations on estimating sinusoidal frequencies confirm that the weak target frequencies can be estimated accurately. The proposed method is shown to have a better Mean square error (MSE) performance than the conventional techniques. Apply the proposed method to the narrowband interference cancellation problem in a Spread spectrum (SS) communication system and it is demonstrated that the proposed method can effectively suppress the narrowband interference.


OBJECTIVE To explore the association between epistasis among related genes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Gene polymorphisms were genotyped in 394 type 2 diabetic patients and 418 healthy control subjects in this case-control study. We used the multifactor dimensionality reduction method to identify gene-gene interactions. RESULTS No single locus was associated with type 2 diabetes, except for the insert/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene in female subjects. In multi-locus analyses, in male subjects the model of rs2106809 (ACE2), rs220721 (Mas), rs699 (AGT), and I/D (ACE) was significant (P = 0.043). This combination was associated with a 4.00 times (95% CI 2.51–6.38; P < 0.0001) greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes. In female subjects, the model of rs2106809 (ACE2), I/D (ACE), and rs1403543 (AGTR2) was significant (P = 0.012). This three-locus combination was associated with a 2.76 times (1.91–3.97; P < 0.0001) greater prevalence of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Interactions among RAS-related genes were associated with type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.


Early initiation of growth hormone therapy is recommended in children with Turner syndrome if the child already has growth failure or has a high chance of short stature (1 guideline).
Growth hormone treatment can be started at 45 mcg/kg/day to 50 mcg/kg/day (1 guideline).
Monitor treatment by regular height measurements and assessment of levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (1 guideline).
Continue treatment until the desired height is achieved or when no more growth potential remains (1 guideline).


The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) systems relate to photovoltaic (PV) power plants for maximum energy production. An efficient MPPT systems is needed for large solar plants including several serially and parallel-connected PV panels especially functioning in partial shading conditions. A proportional decrease in electrical power will be a result of inhomogeneous irradiation (partial shading), as well as multiple local maximums may appear. The presence of multiple local maximums is the most difficult obstacle for traditional MPPT which is based on a sequential search of an optimum working point. The present article submits a new algorithm that can be corresponded to the mathematical modeling with elements of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It combines the advantages of AI with those are typical to conventional methods applicable for homogeneous irradiation. A proposed method is to use permanent monitoring of a voltage, a current and temperature of each PV panel placed in the string. An MPPT algorithm determines the position of a global maximum (GM) based on this information and in accordance with the previously obtained math model of individual PV panels. Owing principles of AI, math models should be periodically précised during the service life of the PV plant. Since none of the presented math algorithms can provide localization of GM with the accuracy, required for the modern MPPT, the proposed method desire to be complemented by a conventional approach, let say perturbation and observation or incremental conductance techniques. For example, an algorithm finding zero roots of a power derivative versus current change was used in our work. Proposed algorithm can achieve GM with relatively high speed that is only restricted by digital control ability. Currently, this task would take no more than 50–100 ms maximum. Therefore, the global maximum can be found for any rapidly changing solar irradiation.


Abstract. We characterize the main types of anti fuzzy ideals in weakBCC-algebras. 1. IntroductionBCC-algebras (called also BIK + -algebras) are an algebraic model of BIK -logic, i.e., implicational logic based on modus ponens and some axioms schemecontaining the combinators B, I, and K. Weak BCC-algebras (called also BZ-algebras) have the same partial order as BCC-algebras and BCK-algebras butdo not have a minimal element. Many mathematicians studied various typesof algebras such as BCI-algebras, B-algebras, implication algebras, G-algebras,Hilbert algebras and do on. All these algebras have one distinguished element,satisfy some common identities and have a similar partial order. In fact, allthese algebras are a generalization or a special case of weak BCC-algebras. So,results obtained for weak BCC-algebras are, in some sense, fundamental forthese algebras, especially for BCC/BCH/BCI/BCK-algebras.A very important role in the theory of such algebras plays ideals. In BCK-algebras ideals are induced by partial order or by homomorphisms. All idealsdetermine congruences. In BCC-algebras there are congruences which are notdetermined by ideals [3]. Moreover, in BCC-algebras relations determined byideals (in the same way as in BCK-algebras) are not congruences, in general.So, in BCC-algebras the new concept of ideals should br introduced. Similarlyin weak BCC-algebras.2. PreliminariesIn this section, we give basic de nitions and facts on weak BCC-algebras.De nition 1. A weak BCC-algebra Xis an abstract algebra (X;;0) of type(2;0) satisfying the following axioms(i) ((xy) (zy)) (xz) = 0,(ii) xx= 0,