In this paper, a reflective sensor based on the terahertz metal dipole array structure is proposed to measure the liquid concentration. The simulation results show that its detection sensitivity is 34.2 GHz/RIU in the frequency range of 90-140 GHz. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed sensor can be used for the ethanol concentration measurement. It is observed that with the increase of ethanol concentration from 75° to 95°, the resonant frequency is shifted from 99.55 GHz to 109.45 GHz.


Thispaper presents anovel data mirroring method forstorage area networks (SANs) inmetropolitan area WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) ring network scenario. We describe ournetwork architecture, theprotocol, thenetwork traffic andourSANmirroring method. TheWDM ring network withtheSANmirroring isanalyzed nextusing simulation results foraverage nodethroughput, queuing delay andpacket dropping probability. 1.INTRODUCTION Storage AreaNetworks (SANs) areanessential partoftheenterprise computing today. SANsprovide high availability andfast recovery fromcatastrophic disasters viadatareplication, alternate pathing andbackup. SANswereinitially designed toworkwithin limited distance environments suchasacampus. Theeffects of natural disasters suchasearthquakes, fires andfloods, poweroutage, andterrorist attacks could beseverely destructive; hence, theneedforextending SANsoverlarge distances hasbecomeessential toprotect data against loss ordamage andtoshare storage resources amongagreater number ofusers overlarge geographic areas. Somecountries like US haveinfact adopted regulations that thedatashould bereplicated andthe replicated copies ofthedata should bekeptindifferent places separated bylarge distances. A usual solution is toaddasecond SANnodeinthenetwork withidentical capacity tothefirst one.Thechallenge istodesign a network whichprovides reliability, scalability interms ofdistance andnumber ofnodes, highthroughput, and full accessibility tothereplicated storage. Inourearlier work[1], wehaveproposed andevaluated aring architecture withaSANnodeandvariable size slots forMetropolitan AreaNetworks (MANs). Inthis paper, weconsider anovel mirroring method fortheSAN nodetoimprove network fault-tolerance against inparticular unfortunate limited distance disasters. Thisis accomplished byusing ourearlier network architecture asabaseandintroducing inthenetwork asecond identical SANnodewhichmirrors theoriginal node. Thesecondary SANnodeisseparated fromtheprimary SANnodebythemaximumpossible distance inthering. We havemodified thenetwork layer andthemedium access control (MAC)layer protocols forthenetwork architecture toallow efficient data replication. Thenew architecture isable toautomatically replicate andtransmit thepackets tothetwoSANnodes. We analyze the performance ofthenetwork through simulations using Poisson andself-similar traffic. Ourfocus inthis paper istoprovide theplatform support forin-built storage replication inMAN ring network scenarios, andtherefore wearenotconcerned hereifthetwoormorecopies ofthedata aresynchronized with eachother. Additional guarantees forsynchronous orasynchronous storage replication canbemadethrough layering additional SANorapplication layer tools.


The author considers the problem of divergence between public and secret political activity priorities, introduces the notion of "political duality", suggests criteria for evaluating its distance, distinguishes the "enlightening" (1762-1854), "modernization" (1856-1905), "revolutionary-soviet" (February 1917 1985), "liberal" (1991 – up to the present) periods of political duality distance growth in Russian history, and tells that the analysis of political duality dynamics allows developing and verifying the complex of the hypotheses explaining the change in the nature of public and non-public behaviour by historical data.


BACKGROUND
Platelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between platelet distribution width (PDW) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with PE.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study using 126 COPD patients with PE and 51 COPD patients without PE. Blood biomarkers, including PDW and d-dimer, were included. Odds ratios (OR) associated with PDW and interactions with d-dimer, SpO2 were estimated for PE.

RESULTS
PDW was higher in the COPD patients with PE group (p = 0.007). A higher PDW had a significantly increased risk of PE than a lower PDW (adjusted OR 2.724, 95% CI: 1.290-5.753).

CONCLUSION
PDW are elevated in COPD patients with PE and are associated with the risk of PE.


Curriculum integrations in Korea tend to take different integration approaches, but mostly they make students interests and activities the main driver of curriculum development. However, given the recent emphasis on the in-depth understanding of knowledge and its application and use in education, the design of the integrated curriculum should be changed. Therefore, this study seeks to explore a case of curriculum design that enables students to think deeply while taking a transdisciplinary approach. For this purpose, we analyzed the PYP of IB, which uses big ideas in transdisciplinary integration, to show why and how big idea-oriented integration can be an alternative to activity-oriented integration. Then we provided implications for the development of a big idea-based integrated curriculum.


The first semester of 2016 has been very busy for the various QSITE chapters, schools and organisations in Queensland. This section discusses how two different Queensland schools have approached the introduction of MakerSpaces within their schools, and then goes on to share a summary of the recent Queensland Digital Technologies Summit 2016: Initial Teacher Education.

Over the course of the last twelve months many suggestions have been put forward on ways to enact the new technologies curriculum in Australia with a focus on digital technologies; not the least of these has been MakerSpaces. A MakerSpace is space where people gather to share resources and knowledge, and build or make things. The location may provide the materials, tools and space for collaboration with others. MakerSpaces are defined and enacted in various ways both in the community and within schools. Some school examples include:

• A teacher or librarian supervising library games at lunchtime;
• Library construction activities involving commercially available construction kits such as Lego or K-Nexs;
• A teacher supervising coding clubs or tinkering as a lunch or afterschool activity;
• A classroom teacher having a 'construction Makerspace' in their classroom;
• Gifted and Talented small group sessions some with withdrawal time from class supervised by Teacher or enthused other;
• Art and craft activity sessions after school with parent or artist instructor; and
• Using regular class time sometimes as a non-contact relief for primary classroom teachers.


The recent COVID-19 pandemic has made it extremely important to avoid crowded environments. In light of this, we are developing a congestion measurement system utilizing IoT technology, in which the congestion state of a given location is estimated by counting the number of WiFi Probe Request messages and BLE exposure notification messages sent from smartphones and laptops. Our congestion measurement system, however, suffers from an unstable measurement problem because the number of WiFi and BLE messages is highly dependent on the environment in which our system is deployed. This paper presents a congestion measurement system employing an automatic parameter adjuster that accurately estimates the number of people in various target locations. The parameters are automatically adjusted based on the seating capacity and area size of the target environment, as well as information gathered from a sensor which is designed to collect and analyze WiFi and BLE messages collected in a university cafeteria.


Network manager overuse their energy system considering the competition linked to energy sectors economic organization. That induces excessive losses and consequently the degradation of the quality of the power supply. This work consists of optimizing a distribution network of SBEE through the optimal positioning of distributed generator (PV) and SVC in a 138 node HTA departure. Optimization criteria such as losses, installation costs and voltage deviation have been considered and integrated in the NSGA-II algorithm. The algorithms have led to an optimal positioning of a PV system with 1.03MW of power at node 69 and two SVCs of respective powers of 2.07 MVar at node 58 and 2.05 MVar at node 82 of the network. The optimal cost obtained from the simulation is 2,729,000(USD). The NSGA-II algorithm is then a very robust optimization tool, efficient and can be used to optimize electrical grid.


The Government is beaten, because even the Government of England could not stop the people from squatting. The Government was like a man who has a cornfield which is invaded by birds. He chases the birds from one part of the field and they alight in another part of the field . . . We squatters are the birds. The Government sends its policemen to chase us away and we move off and occupy another spot. We shall see whether it is the farmer or the birds who get tired first.... (Oriel Monongoaha, squatter leader.)' During the second half of the forties, between 63,000 and 92,500 Africans settled in squatter camps in and around Johannesburg.2 The camps were mostly situated beyond the city's south-western borders, in the area which later became Soweto, but there were also camps at Alexandra, ten miles to the north, and at least one within a few miles of the city's centre and one at Alberton, six miles south-east of Johannesburg. The largest of these densely concentrated settlements accounted for anything up to 20,000 inhabitants who occupied dwellings of hessian-sacking, wood, corrugated iron and cardboard. The settlements which will be discussed here were organized into movements led by individual leaders and committees. One such leader,


The Louisiana Community AIDS Research Program (LaCARP) is conducting a Protease Inhibitor Progression (PIP) study to determine how to lower the amount of HIV virus in the body. The trial is for HIV-positive patients, over 13 years of age, who have detectable viral loads, and who are on their initial course of protease inhibitor therapy. Treatment regimens and study criteria are outlined. Contact information is provided.


Shock-dispersed fuel (SDF) explosives use a small chemical charge to disperse a combustible fuel that burns in the post-detonation environment. Here, we model an SDF explosive in which the dispersed fuel is flake aluminum. We present a multiphase flow model that combines a second-order Godunov-type discretization coupled with a structured adaptive mesh refinement scheme. We use this model to simulate several calorimeter geometries and compare the simulations with experimental results.


A rigorous analysis of the findings of previous surveys and studies was conducted to develop a cohesive picture of infant and child mortality levels trends and differentials in Egypt. During 1975-80 Egypts infant mortality was in the range of 101-132/1000 live births. Although the data consistently revealed a pattern of declining infant mortality rates remain unacceptably high in rural areas and there is significant under-reporting of infant deaths in rural Upper Egypt. The risk of an infant death was positively associated with maternal age under 18 years high parity a birth interval less than 18 months and bottle rather than breastfeeding. The socioeconomic variables associated with infant mortality included maternal education fathers occupation and education place of residence and mothers work status. There is growing evidence that educated women not only advocate beneficial health beliefs and practices but also make more effective use of modern health services including family planning. Thus promotion of female education--currently a concern of the Egyptian government--should be given high priority for its role in preventing infant deaths. The substantial effect of breastfeeding on infant health also needs emphasis. If family planning services were more widely available especially in rural areas births could be concentrated more among women at lowest risk of infant mortality--i.e. those 30-39 years old with a birth order of 2 or 3 and a birth interval of at least 2 years. Before efficient maternal-child health/family planning programs can be designed and implemented in Egypt there is a need for mortality and morbidity data on the country overall and for the different regions and special target groups. Also needed is an evaluation of the efficacy effectiveness and utilization of Egypts existing health care system. Formation of an interministerial task force is recommended to facilitate all child survival activities.


In this paper, we present an integrated navigation system that allows humanoid robots to autonomously navigate in unknown, cluttered environments. From the data of an onboard consumer-grade depth camera, our system estimates the robot's pose to compensate for drift of odometry and maintains a heightmap representation of the environment. Based on this model, our system iteratively computes sequences of safe actions including footsteps and whole-body motions, leading the robot to target locations. Hereby, the planner chooses from a set of actions that consists of planar footsteps, step-over actions, as well as parameterized step-onto and step-down actions. To efficiently check for collisions during planning, we developed a new approach that takes into account the shape of the robot and the obstacles. As we demonstrate in experiments with a Nao humanoid, our system leads to robust navigation in cluttered environments and the robot is able to traverse highly challenging passages.


Guinea pig serum, used as a native heterophilic antigen, occasioned skin reactions of the immediate type, with regularity, in a group of individuals with skin disturbances believed to be allergic in nature. In the normal group, this reaction appeared in about half the members. The presence of agglutinin for sheep cells was a regular finding in the allergic group in titers considerably higher than that found in the normal. The hemolysin titers did not vary with the groups. No correlation could be established between the occurrence of a skin reaction to guinea pig serum and the heterophilic antibody titers. Haptene and lecithin suspensions did not occasion a marked reaction in any instance. The sub-maximal response could not be correlated with any other finding. The skin response to guinea pig serum could not be identified as a reaction between human heterophilic antibody and a native heterophilic antigen assumed to be contained in the guinea pig serum.


Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well‐established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow‐up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow‐up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44‐2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60‐1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60‐1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49‐2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52‐2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26‐1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.


Abstract : Contents: Boundary layer on blades of a rotating blade ring; and Flow losses through radial rotor crowns and optimum blade number.


Global warming, and the resultant climate change, has become an urgent global issue. One potential partial solution to this problem and the focus of this paper is to design energy management mechanisms for buildings that encourage users' acceptance of the technology for increased environmental sustainability. Particularly, this paper focuses on the design of an energy management technique for the air-conditioning (AC) systems in residential buildings that considers users' views on how they use such technology. Note that while a large number of energy management mechanisms are available in the literature for ACs, most of these studies, however, do not consider how well the users may accept their use in the building. To address this issue, this paper first synthesizes some motivational psychology literature to understand users' attitudes toward adopting such management techniques for the ACs within the building. Then, the obtained insights from various motivational models are incorporated into the design of an energy management scheme that encourages consumers to accept the technology that reduces electricity consumption, the cost of electricity, peak power from the grid; and the generation of CO2 in the residential building. Finally, some experimental results are provided to illustrate how the designed energy management mechanism validates the motivational psychology models in terms of providing various benefits to the users, and thus shows the potential of being accepted by them.


Levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were quantitated in human lumbar spinal fluid (CSF) utilizing a sensitive and specific TRH radioimmunoassay. Endogenous TRH was sufficiently stable in CSF to permit 85% recovery of intact TRH after 48 h storage at 4 C. TRH levels in AM or PM samples obtained from 15 women and 12 men were easily detected in all CSF specimens. No significant difference between the TRH concentration in CSF of men and women was observed (44.2 ± 6.8 and 38.1 ± 6.5 pg/ml (mean ± se) respectively). TRH concentrations were 40.2 ± 6.9 pg/ml (mean ± sem) in am and 41.4 ± 8.0 pg/ml in pm samples. By contrast, CSF cortisol levels obtained concurrently were twofold higher in am than PM (0.68 ± 0.08 vs 0.38 ± 0.02 μg/100 ml (mean ± sem) respectively, P < 0.001). These data are consistent with the possibility that a portion of the TRH in CSF can be derived from the central nervous system (CNS) and unrelated to the hypophysiotropic control of thyrotropin (TSH) synthesis and secretion.


The ALICE detector has excellent Particle IDentification (PID) capabilities in the central barrel (|η| < 0.9). This allows identified hadron production to be measured over a wide transverse momentum (pT) range, using different sub-detectors and techniques: their specific energy loss (dE/dx), the time of flight, the Cherenkov angle or their characteristic weak decay topology. Results on identified particle spectra and production yield ratios at mid-rapidity measured by ALICE in different colliding systems (pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb) are presented and the similarities among them are discussed. For Pb-Pb collisions the nuclear modification factor as a function of pT is shown for different collision centralities.


Introduction. Petrophysical properties of rocks and strata reflect the long history of the Upper Kama potassium salt deposit (VKMKS) formation and development (about 300 million years) as well as its various endogenous and exogenous geological and geochemical processes. VKMKS geological structure as well as past and present processes at the field are effectively studied by geophysical methods. Experience has shown that, considering the gigantic area of the salt strata development and multi-layer potassium-magnesium salt deposits, high-precision and detailed geophysical studies performed on most of the VKMKS territory are most effective from a geological viewpoint, namely, gravity survey at a scale of 1 : 25,000 and aeromagnetic survey at a scale of 1 : 10,000 together with other geological and geophysical data. VKMKS structural-tectonic objects occurrence conditions and magnetic properties of their rocks and strata, especially magnetic susceptibility, form the petrophysical basis for the aeromagnetic survey applied to map the objects. The task of mapping structural-tectonic objects on the VKMKS territory in a magnetic field is a specific task of using aeromagnetic survey to map structural-tectonic objects in a weakly magnetic sedimentary cover of the entire Perm Cis-Urals. Methods of research includes studying and analyzing the research data of the Perm Cis-Urals sedimentary cover rock magnetic properties (magnetic susceptibility). The morphology of structural-tectonic objects magnetic field anomalies in the Perm Cis-Urals sedimentary cover and the morphology of VKMKS structural-tectonic objects magnetic field anomalies are studied and analyzed. Research results. The analysis of sedimentary cover rocks magnetic susceptibility and aeromagnetic survey data interpretation showed that the structural-tectonic objects of the cover create anomalies in the magnetic field. The anomalies exceed the intensity of three times the root-mean-square measurement error, and therefore are mapped with confidence. Conclusions. It is reasonable to use the data of areal high-precision aeromagnetic survey at a scale of 1 : 10,000 together with other geological and geophysical methods to improve the reliability of mapping such important structural and tectonic objects as tectonic faults of various ranks, from deep faults to fracture zones, at VKMKS.


Objective: To isolate and characterize the endophytic fungi from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata for free radical scavenging antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicityMethods: Two fungal endophytes, APLF-3 (Andrographis paniculata leaf fungi-3) and APLF-4 (Andrographis paniculata leaf fungi-4) were isolated from leaves of Andrographis paniculata to get chloroform (A3C, A4C), ethyl acetate (A3EA, A4EA) and n butanol (A3nB, A4nB) extracts. rDNA sequencing by PCR technique was carried out for identification of APLF-3 and APLF-4. All the APLF-3 and APLF-4 extracts were assayed for in vitro free radical scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical and reducing power. Then, A4EA and A4nB were screened for hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity at 50 mg/kg and100 mg/kg doses.Results: The endophytic fungi, APLF-3 and APLF-4, were identified as Phyllosticta sp. ZLY-2010 isolate M13 and Aspergillus tubingensis strain Cs/7/2 respectively based on their morphological and molecular characterization. A4EA and A4nB showed significant in vitro free radical scavenging activity as compared to other extracts. A4EA and A4nB (50 mg/kg and100 mg/kg) reversed the increased serum biochemical parameters as compared to CCl4 treated group (p<0.001). A4EA and A4nB (100 mg/kg p. o) also restored the LPO, SOD and CAT levels.Conclusion: These findings suggested that the extracts (A4EA and A4nB) obtained from endophytic fungi APLF-4 contributed towards hepatoprotective activity.


karen cherewatuk and k.s. whetter, eds., The Arthurian Way of Death: The English Tradition. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2009. Pp. xiv, 259; 5 illustrations, 1 table. ISBN: 978-1-84384-208-8. $95.00. Mortal wounds, deadly dismemberments, and broken hearts are ubiquitous within the world of Arthurian text and image. Yet this collection is the first extensive study of the way such scenes of death are represented and interpreted. The editors admit that the potential scope of their subject was so large that they chose to devote their volume to the English tradition, which they limit to the Arthurian works produced in Britain and America (2). In keeping with these parameters, this collection begins with the Latin histories and English romances of medieval Britain and ends with the Arthuriana of Victorian and postwar England, twentieth-century America, and modern film. The resulting volume is a provocative array of analyses of the various incarnations of Arthurian death, ranging from the violent vocabulary of Geoffrey of Monmouth to the knightly obituaries in the marginalia of the Winchester Manuscript of Malory's Morte D'Arthur to the cinematic treatments of Arthur's demise. Organized chronologically, the collection is divided into three parts. The first section, 'The Early Tradition in England,' which focuses primarily on the deaths of Arthur and Mordred in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britannie and the vernacular romances it inspired, contains two of the most valuable contributions of the volume. Flouting optimistic readings of Arthur's return, Siân Echard meticulously examines Geoffrey's brief treatment of Arthur's end within the narrative's larger lexicon of violence to argue that he 'dies plainly, because that is what kings usually do' (31). This demystification of Arthur is continued by Edward Donald Kennedy's comparative survey of the fate of Mordred's sons, which highlights the cruelty of Arthur's dying command that they be 'slongen in watyrs' in the Alliterative Morte Arthure (41). As its title suggests, the second section, 'Middle English Romance and Malory,' is dominated by Malorian studies that address the thematic connections between love and death, the scribal listings of dead knights in the margins of the Winchester Manuscript, chivalric interpretations of corpses, the perversion of the body politic on Salisbury Plain, and the closure that scenes of Arthurian death resist. A particularly welcome contribution is Thomas H. …


Background Many asthmatics report worsening of symptoms following exposure to odours and sensory irritants commonly found in household and cosmetic products. Despite this, little evidence exists to confirm the degree to which such subjective reports are correlated with localized, objective changes in the upper or lower airways following a fragranced product exposure.


The purpose of this qualitative study was two-fold: 1) to describe, analyze, and interpret how recent high school graduates characterize the phenomenon of teacher care as they reflect upon their high school experiences, and 2) to explore how features of Noddings' ethic of care theory compare to the elements of teacher care as described by recent high school graduates. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 20 participants between the ages of 18 and 22 were conducted. Findings revealed five activities that are consistently utilized by caring high school teachers. These activities are: 1) Providing descriptive feedback on student work; 2) Responding when students do not understand what was taught; 3) Engaging students in conversations about post-high school ambitions; 4) Displaying a positive and optimistic attitude; and 5) Honoring student interests and perspectives. Findings also revealed similarities between Noddings' ethic of care research and participants' perceptions of teacher care. Implications for practice, for teachers and for administrators, are included.


The views of various authors on the issue of the "state order" definition are considered in the article, their comparative characteristics is conducted, own definition is given as a result of generalized analysis.


Through analyzes the new media art several kind of characteristics and the domestic and foreign new media art work,obtains artistic the key to lie in the creation,but cannot rely on the technical method,needs through artistic and the technical perfect union,can obtain the perfect artistic effect.


Cognitive Radio holds an interesting promise for improved utilisation of the radio spectrum. However, there is a considerable degree of uncertainty regarding the potential application of cognitive radio. One of the reasons for this uncertainty is the need for changes in the regulatory regime to allow for more dynamic forms of spectrum access. In addressing the necessary changes in regulations, the regulator should be well aware of the perspective of the entrepreneur. Eventually, it is the entrepreneur who invests in CR technology and thereby realises the goal of improved utilisation of the radio spectrum. This chapter addresses the impact on the business case for cognitive technologies of the regulatory regime and the choices on the fundamental CR technology that regulators will have to make.


The theme of life is the main body and core of Bi Shumin's novel,and on this basis,the extending of reality survival experience and awe and respect for life itself constitutes the important content of their literary creation.Bi Shumin focus on real life nature,analyze the ordinary individual real survival state and mental state,aims to explore to surpass ourselves and to overcome suffering mental powers. Focus on Bi Shumin'novel life aesthetics,this paper focus on the novel discusses the problems of life and based on the reality of aesthetic interpretation,to explore the important form of Bi Shumin's novel aesthetic construction at the same time,through the special field,creation angle of view,the ultimate goal of the multiple perspectives analysis,finally realizes the Bi Shumin's novel interpretation of the value of life aesthetics.


An installation at the Only Human? Festival of the Arts and Humanities, Glasgow, November 2015. Melting Species was a re-configuration of a previous work devised and realised by Minty Donald and Nick Millar in Calgary, Alberta, in October 2013 — the first iteration of an evolving practice-based research project, Guddling About. Guddling About explores human-water interrelations in specific cultural and material contexts through performances and actions that are often modest in scale and playful in character. In Melting Species (Glasgow) measured quantities of water from the River Kelvin were frozen in drinking water containers. The different quantities of water corresponded to the amounts of water present in healthy animal and plant species commonly found in the vicinity of the River Kelvin. The ice 'sculptures' were released from their moulds and left to melt near to the river.


We have seen the connection between the general theory of verniers and the indeterminate equation of the form pn − qm = r; the equation pn + qm = r might be illustrated in much the same way. But, taking the case originally considered, we observe that it is the same question as before, from a different point of view, if instead of starting with an interval AB between divisions of two contiguous scales, and asking how far we must go to reach a coincidence, we suppose the zeros of two scales to coincide and ask how far we have to go to reach a certain interval, between divisions of the two. The question only differs in so far as it suggests the simultaneous consideration of more than one such interval. But further if, instead of repeated divisions of each kind, we take a circle whose entire circumference = one of the larger divisions, a say, and from a fixed point A on the circumference measure off continually arcs = to the smaller division 6, (figs. 5, 6), the question how far we have to go to reach a certain approximation to the starting point is the same thing in another form, although the arrangement brings to light many new relations, which in their turn throw light on the result. We have the subdivisions of the different a-intervals superposed as it were upon one a-interval, and the circle is thus continually divided into more and more parts until (if a and b are commensurable) exact coincidence with the starting point is reached.


The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) strawberry breeding program is in its 69th consecutive year. Although not the oldest program in the United States, it is the longest continuous program. The USDA strawberry breeding program began in 1920, with George M. Darrow in charge. Darrow had made a survey from 1914 to 1917 of the commercial strawberry regions of the United States, and found some serious deficiencies in the quality of berries for the various markets (Darrow et al., 1933). He outlined more than 30 characteristics for evaluation, but picked three specific ones for immediate work: 1) Development of a superior dessert berry for the eastern states; 2) development of satisfactory canning types; 3) development of cultivars for preserving by freezing. More than 130 strawberry cultivars and 20 selections of Fragaria species were used in the breeding work during the 1920s, and 44 of these parents were of European origin (Darrow et al., 1934). Thousands of seedlings were evaluated, and, from this early work, several cultivars were named (Darrow, 1937). Probably the two most important were 'Blakemore' and 'Fairfax'. 'Blakemore' rapidly became a leading cultivar, and set the standard for firmness that permitted successful long-distance shipment of fruit. 'Blakemore' had wide adaptability in the southern and south-central U.S. regions and is still grown commercially in some areas. 'Blakemore', 'Fairfax', and other USDA selections such as 253, 543, and 634 from this early work became widely used as parents in other breeding programs (Darrow, 1966). This is especially true of 'Fairfax' because of its excellent fruit quality and leaf spot resistance (Darrow, 1962). While the program was under the direction of George Darrow, formal cooperative work began with state experiment stations at North Carolina and Oregon in 1928, and Maryland in 1937. Other informal cooperative work has since been initiated with New Jersey, New York, and Massachusetts. Also, during the period of 1920 to 1940, studies were made on sterility, fertility, inflorescence types, and response to light. Darrow (1937, 1966) provided excellent summaries of this early USDA and other public and private strawberry breeding. Incorporation of the flavor and aroma of the diploid (2x = 14) F. vesca L. into the cultivated strawberry F. ×ananassa Duch. was also investigated. Tetraploid F. vesca selections were developed (Derman and Darrow, 1938) and used in additional crosses by Scott (1951). Decaploids developed from this work were fertile and could be intercrossed to produce fertile seedlings with the characteristic F. vesca aroma; however, these have not played a role in the development of modem-day cultivars. In 1932, Strawberry breeding was moved from Glenn Dale, Md., to Beltsville, Md., where it continues today. A root disease became evident in several states in the 1930s and was also found on the Beltsville station grounds. This disease, identified as Phytophthora fragariae Hickman (red stele), became serious in the East and Pa-


Objective To investigate the association of sex hormones with coronary heart disease in men.Methods One hundred and fifteen male patients undertaking coronary angiography were enrolled in this study.The subjects were divided into coronary heart disease(CHD) group and control group according to the results of coronary angiography.The CHD group was composed of 75 subjects with average age ((56.93)±(10.05)) years.The control group was composed of 40 subjects with average age (53.47±10.36) years.The serum concentrations of five sex hormones were investigated of all subjects using radioimmunoassay.The sex hormones between the two groups were analyzed with SPSS software pack for their differences.Results The values of testosterone,dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were lower in the CHD group than those in the control group and the differences were all significant,respectively((20.02))±(8.40)) nmol/L,((21.51)±(14.05)) nmol/L and ((5.35)±(1.32)) μmol/L vs ((29.84)±(11.35)) nmol/L,((54.55)±(25.02)) nmol/L and ((6.47)±(2.45)) μmol/L (P(0.05)).When Logistic regression analysis was performed with the occurrence of CHD as the dependent variable,testosterone was selected into the regression model (B=(-0.027),P(0.05)).Conclusion The values of androgens in men are correlated with CHD.Perhaps the endogenous androgens are the factors against atherosclerosis in males and hypotesteronemia is an independent risk factor for CHD in men.


Based on the annual data of 68 countries from 1994 to 2009,the paper distinguishes the direction and the form of capital flows,and makes a Panel Data variable intercept fixed effect model to find the impact of international capital flows on economic growth.The conclusion is as follows: international capital inflows helps promoting the economic growth of developed countries and countries in transition,and the impact of former is smaller than the latter.However the capital inflows has no significant impact on developing countries.International capital outflows helps promoting the economic growth of developed countries,but has no significant impact on developing countries and countries in transition.


The incidence and mortality is both high in brain metastases from lung cancer, and therefore the find of simple and accurate indicators is of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of the brain metastases from lung cancer. With the development of molecular biology, many new biological markers that have good application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of brain metastases from lung cancer were found and researched in recent years. This article will review the research progress and current situation of the peripheral blood and histological molecular markers in the brain metastases from lung cancer.

Key words:
Lung cancer; Brain metastases; Molecular markers


The film sticking device for a display panel is disclosed. A rotatable claw and a display panel and the frame body of the present invention, absorption is aligned polarizing film is mounted, is arranged, is provided on and is removable panel section to move up and down, an upper part of the pole parts of the polarization film is attached to the display panel on one side of the laminating roller in the mounting section and the frame body with the such that feature is to include a filter for removing the collected dust additional panel which is a heavy large display panel seated completely moved vertically in an upward direction the polarizing film to the display panel attaching, so, it is possible to remarkably reduce the work area than the configuration in which the display or polarizing film, moved in the horizontal direction in the conventional display panel, which the operator can increase the efficiency in work because mounted vertically on a panel portion containing a large display panel It provides a film sticking device for.


In order to solve the application problems of gray relation theory and support vector machine in fault diagnosis, the paper introduces a new method, which combines latent semantic analysis with support vector machine. With latent semantic analysis realizing sample data feature extraction and dimensionality reduction to solve the training and diagnosing speed problem resulted from a number of high-dimensional sample data. And with principle of gray relation analysis to solve the classification problems which support vector machine can not achieve. Applying the method to fault diagnosis for a certain type of aircraft, the accuracy could reach to more than 94%,and the experimental results demonstrates the superiority of the presented method and its applied value.


Following a suggestion by Lieb, the (original) Weizsacker inhomogeneity term is introduced into the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac energy-density functional by a correction factor of 1/5.376. Choosing the Ne atom as an example, and constructing the electron (number) density of this atom from hydrogen-like one-electron wavefunctions containing three variational parameters, the energy-density functional has been minimized. The resulting total binding energy (−128.463 a.u.) is in very good agreement with the near Hartree-Fock value (−128.574 a.u.). For comparison, calculations have also been carried out with the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac energy-density functional augmented by the (original) Weizsacker term multiplied by a correction factor of 1/9 that has been argued for by Kirzhnits and Kompaneets and Pavlovskil. The resulting total binding energy (−137.375 a.u.) is not in good agreement with the near HF value (−128.547 a.u.) though it still represents an agreement over the value (−153.225 a.u.) obtained without the inhomogeneity correction. It has been found that the radial electron (number) density computed with the factor advanced by Lieb (1/5.376) is in better agreement with the Hartree-Fock (double zeta) radial electron (number) density than the one computed with the factor advanced by Kirzhnits and Kompaneets and Pavlovskil (1/9).


Average structure of wave disturbances are examined from the data in the Marshall Islands obtained in 1956 and 1958. Four kinds of disturbances are found for 1956. The first is the Yanai-Maruyama wave which propagates westward with 5-day period and wavelength of 8,000 km. The second is the n=1 type disturbance which propagates westward with 5-day period and wavelength of 5,000 km. The third is the Kelvin wave which propagates eastward with period longer than 10 days and wavelength longer than 10,000 km. The fourth is the westward propagating wave whose period is longer than 10 days and wavelength is 5,000 km-9,000 km. Three kinds of disturbances are found for 1958. The first is the Yanai-Maruyama wave similar to that obtained for 1956. The second is the lower tropospheric disturbance which propagates westward with 6-day period and wavelength of 2,500 km. This wave is similar to that reported by Wallace and Chang (1969) and Chang et al. (1970). The third is the wave which propagates westward with period longer than 10 days and wavelength about 10,000 km. These disturbances maintain their kinetic energy by the conversion from eddy available potential energy. The average structure of these waves are constructed and compared with some theoretical results.


This paper explores the idea that professionals in the arena of child sexual abuse can be induced to respond irrationally, through their wish to protect child victims. I examine why child victims of serious sexual assault are treated as the alleged perpetrator should be. That is, when the family unit cannot give the child a safe environment, the child (not the alleged perpetrator) is removed. I argue for a systems focus, examining how each section of the protective industry: lawyers, CSV protective workers, therapists and consultants can contribute to perpetuating and sustaining child abuse. The article is written in a style that plays on the boundaries between academic article and fiction to heighten the effect of my case material. (author abstract)


Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) contains over 3000 chemicals of which at least 50 are known or suspected to be human carcinogens, while over 200 are regarded as poisonous.1,2 Although passive smoking often occurs in private and public workplaces, with extensive research already conducted in hospitality venues, casinos, airplanes, airports and homes, to our knowledge there are insufficient data (if any) published on motor vehicle secondhand smoke (SHS) levels and no comparisons have been made with other areas where people are involuntarily exposed to ETS.

Measurements of airborne respiratory particles under 2.5 μm (RSP2.5) in diameter were made using the TSI SidePak AM510 Personal Air Monitor during March 2005 in Crete, Greece. Respiratory particles of this size are not specific …


The present paper highlights the microfinance & evaluates the position of microfinance. It is incontestable that an efficient and effective microfinance system is essential for building a sustained. The Indian Government should find an avenue for creation of awareness on how microfinance can benefit from loans and monitors closely to ensure disbursement of loans and grants to entrepreneurs. The importance of microfinance in the developing economies like India cannot be undermined, where a large size of population is living under poverty and large number of people does not have an access to formal banking facilities. It is expected to play a significant role in poverty alleviation and development. There are two broad approaches that characterize the microfinance sector in India is Self Help Groups (SHGs)-Bank linkage programme and Microfinance Institution (MFIs).


Interrogative sentences constitute one of the most important modes of sentences in any world language. By this type of sentence, the language speakers can get information regarding everything they do not know, something they hesitate, or anything that the hearer wants to agree with. As such, this mode of sentence should be mastered by all language learners. However, like any other mode of sentences, interrogative sentences are also differently structured across languages, bringing serious difficulties for all second language learners. Moreover, languages do not belong to the same family group, like Indonesian, which belongs to the Austronesian family group, and English, which belongs to the Indo-German family group. Concerning this matter, this research paper will briefly describe the differences in the use of Indonesian question words apa, siapa, berapa, di mana, bagaimana,and kapan and its English contrast with what, who, how many/much, where and when. By contrasting Indonesian interrogative sentences containing apa, siapa, berapa, di mana, bagaimana, and kapan, and how they are expressed in English, it is found that not all these Indonesian question words can be directly and translated into what, who, how many/much, where and when. These differences will hopefully enhanche  awareness of all language learners about the individualities or peculiarities owned by any language to ease their learning processes.


Helicenes are a kind of π -conjugated helical compounds which are consisted of ortho -fused benzene or other aro-matic rings. Compared to other kinds of chiral catalysts, studies on helicene-based catalysts with helical chirality showed late start and lagging development. However, since helicene molecules exhibit structural rigidity, thermal stability, easily function-alization, and excellent chiral environment for asymmetric catalysis by continuous elaborate curve in three-dimensional space, investigation on the synthesis of helicene-based chiral catalysts and their applications in asymmetric catalysis have attracted increasing interest in recent years. According to the different roles of the helicenes played in the asymmetric catalysis, the helicene-based catalysts can be classified into chiral inducers, helically chiral ligands and helical organocatalysts, and their applications in asymmetric catalysis will be focused on in this review, respectively.


About twenty-five years ago in Canada, there was a great deal of published commentary on the state of the law of hearsay. It was inspired by what was the then recently enacted Evidence Act (1938) 1 of England, which permits the admission into evidence of much documentary hearsay otherwise inadmissible at common law. In particular, documentary hearsay was made admissible under that statute even without calling the maker of the document as a witness when the latter is "dead, or unfit by reason of his bodily or mental condition to attend as a witness, or if he is beyond the seas and it is not reasonably practicable to secure his attendance, or if all reasonable efforts to find him have been made without success."


This study was conducted to establish a new reference chart and equation for femur length (FL) based on Saudi pregnant women in Dammam, and to compare it with references from different populations. This cross-sectional study involved 400 women with singleton pregnancies who attended the Maternal and Children Hospital in Dammam in 2018, which confirmed their gestational age (GA). For this study, each woman was scanned once only, between 14th to 40th completed weeks ofgestation using Ultrasound machine Voluson E10 (GE Healthcare, Austria) with a 2–5 MHz convex abdominal probe. The SPSS software version 24 (descriptive, regression analysis, and paired t-test) was used for analysis. The mean maternal age was 29 ± 5.92 years. The mean value of FL in second trimesters was 33.75 mm while it reaches to 62.80 mm in third trimesters. At 14th and 40th weeks, mean values (±SD) for FL were 14.85 (±2.58) mm and 78.75 (±1.97) mm. The quadratic regression models were fitted to estimate the mean and separate linear regression to estimate the standard deviation at each GA. The comparison of the FL values of Saudi chart shows a significant difference with the common references used. The FL values in this study were significantly higher than the corresponding values of USA, French, UK, German, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Iran, Bangladesh, Egypt, and Thailand but lower than China and Nigerian. Thus, these new FL values are highly recommended to be used by the medical practitioner as the reference range of fetus biometry for Saudi Arabia population regarding providing better healthcare and wellbeing of the maternal and fetuses.


This article argues that the conceptualization of the (un)reality of the phenomenal or material world (qishijie) in Lu Yang's animated short Material World Knight Game Film (MWKGF, 2020) at once follows and departs significantly from the Theravada and Mahayana traditions it references. MWKGF's reconfiguring of Buddhist notions of (un)reality is especially apparent in its representation of samsara (cycle of birth and rebirth) and in its questioning of Buddhist wisdom through the lens of neuroscience, psychotherapy, and (popular versions) of quantum theory. The film further suggests that Buddhist philosophy can be effectively expounded and played, as an "executable thought experiment" in/as a video game. The article shows in conclusion that MWKGF also envisions an "ecological dharma eye manifesto" that seems to call for an epistemic-technoscientific-spiritual revolution.


The interministerial regulation for the integral management of sanitary waste (2014) defines
anatomo pathological waste as organs, tissues, body parts, products of conception and body
fluids, obtained by mutilation, as well as by medical, surgical or autopsy procedures.
The aforementioned regulation, prepared by the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador and the
Ministry of the Environment, is currently used and aims to regulate the management of
sanitary waste from its generation, storage, collection, transportation, to its treatment and final
disposal, to prevent, mitigate and reduce risks of the population and the environment.
When referring to this regulation, it is mentioned to consult an annexed technical standard
that should contain all the guidelines established in the management and treatment of anatomo
pathological waste, however none can be found.
After the surveys and an extensive bibliographical research, it can clearly be observed the
worrying absence of a technical norm, even though in article 99 of the Organic Law of Health
(2015), the responsibility of the national health authority is indicated, in coordination with the
municipalities of the country, to emit the regulations, norms and technical procedures in the
adequate management of the infectious waste generated by health institutions.
The risk of hospital waste lies in the content of infectious and organic matter, so if they don't
receive adequate treatment, the quality of soil and water will deteriorate, especially when they
are discharged directly into the sewers, or when they are discarded in defective sanitary
landfills that allow groundwater contamination.
That is why we must take special care in its management and also remember that it involves
an ethical and cultural issue. The creation of a national policy, the development of legislation
and the inclusion of complete technical standards, would be a possible solution to address this
serious environmental and public health problem.


One of the strengths of the Queensland sugar industry is QSL's Advances Payment system. This system is designed to provide cash flow to Queensland cane growers both in and out of the harvest season by paying supplying millers in regular instalments throughout the entire year. Millers then pass these payments on to their growers through agreed local payment arrangements.


by Patrick A. Dehuff, Ed.D. Washington State University May 2013 Chair: Forrest W. Parkay The purpose of this study was to explore factors, including students' relationships and interactions with peers and school staff, which strengthen or inhibit students' wellbeing and sense of belonging at school. The study was conducted as a qualitative, descriptive case study in a small, rural, K-12 school located in the Pacific Northwest. The study addressed two research questions: 1) How do students' relationships and interactions with peers and school staff affect their wellbeing and sense of belonging at school? 2) What factors contribute to (strengthen) or impede (weaken) students' wellbeing and sense of belonging at school? The data for the findings came from 40 open-ended interviews of students, parents/guardians, school staff, and community members; field observations performed by three researchers; and a review of documents (newspaper clippings, newsletters, board minutes, etc.). The findings of the study resulted in four themes and four conclusions. The themes include: 1) "It's like a family;" 2) "Students are loved and cared for;" 3) "Close relationships are fostered;" and 4) "Students feel included." When these factors (themes) were present, it fostered a positive school environment where students were excited about school and didn't


Malaria is an endemic disease in tropical countries, including Indonesia, with a high annual mortality rate. Because of that, serious attention shall be given to find new antimalarial agents that are highly active for medical treatment. In this work, we designed and synthesized three calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives and evaluated them as antimalarial agents through in vitro heme polymerization inhibitory assay. The calix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared from resorcinol and corresponding aldehyde derivatives in ethanol media through a cyclo-condensation reaction. The calix[4]resorcinarene products were obtained in 31.1–85.1% yield. The synthesized compounds were subjected to structure elucidation using spectroscopy techniques. The antimalarial activity of calix[4]resorcinarene with aromatic substituent (IC50 = 0.198 mg/mL) was higher than the aliphatic ones (IC50 = 0.282–0.814 mg/mL). It was found that all calix[4]resorcinarenes in this work exhibited stronger antimalarial activity than chloroquine diphosphate as the positive control (IC50 = 1.157 mg/mL). The calix[4]resorcinarenes could interact with hydrogen bonding, thus inhibiting the heme polymerization process. These findings demonstrate that calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives are potential antimalarial agents to be developed for effective medical treatment in the near future.


We describe NTS-NOTEARS, a score-based structure learning method for time-series data to learn dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) that captures nonlinear, lagged (inter-slice) and instantaneous (intra-slice) relations among variables. NTS-NOTEARS utilizes 1D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to model the dependence of child variables on their parents; 1D CNN is a neural function approximation model well-suited for sequential data. DBN-CNN structure learning is formulated as a continuous optimization problem with an acyclicity constraint, following the NOTEARS DAG learning approach. We show how prior knowledge of dependencies (e.g., forbidden and required edges) can be included as additional optimization constraints. Empirical evaluation on simulated and benchmark data show that NTS-NOTEARS achieves state-of-the-art DAG structure quality compared to both parametric and nonparametric baseline methods, with improvement in the range of 10-20% on the F1-score. We also evaluate NTS-NOTEARS on complex real-world data acquired from professional ice hockey games that contain a mixture of continuous and discrete variables. The code is available online.


Binuclear rhodium(II) complexes [Rh2Cl2(μ-OOCR)2(N-N)2], [Rh2(μ-OOCR)2(N-N)2(H2O)2](RCOO)2 and [Rh2Cl2(μ-OOCCH3)(terpy)2](H3O)Cl2.9H2O (R = H, Me, Bun, ph, PhCHOH; N-N = 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmp) and 6,7-dimethyl-2,3- di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline (dmpq); terpy 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine) have been synthesized and their structure and properties have been studied by electronic, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity of these complexes against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli has been investigated. The most active antibacterial agents against S. aureus were [Rh2(OOCPh)2(phen)2(H2O)2]2+, [Rh2(OOCPh)2(dmpq)2(H2O)2]2+, [Rh2(OOCBu)2(phen)2(H2O)2]2+ and [Rh2-(OOCBu)2(bpy)2(H2O)2]2+ which were considerably more active than the appropriate nitrogen ligands. The complexes show rather low activity against E. coli.


In the field of heart regeneration, the proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes in postnatal mice is under intense investigation. However, solely relying on immunostaining of proliferation markers, the long-term proliferation dynamics and potential of the cardiomyocytes cannot be readily addressed. Previously, we found that a p53 promoter-driving reporter predominantly marked the proliferating lineages in mice. Here, we established a p53-based genetic tracing system to investigate postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. By selectively tracing proliferative cardiomyocytes, a differential pattern of clonal expansion in p53+ cardiac myocytes was revealed in neonatal, adolescent and adult stages. In addition, the percentage of p53+ lineage cardiomyocytes increased continuously in the first month. Furthermore, these cells rapidly responded to heart injury and greatly contributed to the replenished myocardium. Therefore, this study reveals complex proliferating dynamics in postnatal cardiomyocytes and heart repair, and provides a novel genetic tracing strategy for studying postnatal cardiac turnover and regeneration. Highlighted article: Clonal expansion of p53+ cardiomyocytes is observed in neonatal heart, pre-adolescent and adult hearts, as well as in regenerating neonatal hearts subject to three different injury models.


Letters to the editor are presented in response to the article "Effects of community-based health worker interventions to improve chronic disease management and care among vulnerable populations: a systematic review," by K. Kim, J.S. Choi and E. Choi, which appeared in volume 106, number 4 during 2016.


Objective To investigate the relationship between TNF-α and abnormality of of serine/tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in insulin-resistant rats. Methods Thirty healthy male Wistar rats (weight between 80 to 120g) were randomly divided into basic chow and high-fat diet groups, each group had 15 rats. Insulin-resistant rat models were assessed by hyperinsulinemia-euglycemia clamp technique after feeding high-fat diet for 10 weeks. TNF-α was detected by ELISA, and the expression of IRS-1 Ser^636/IRS-1 Tyr^465 were measured by Western blot in livers. Results Compared with NC group, the glucose infusion rate (GIR) 60-120 in FH group was lower significantly [(1.56±0.43 vs. 5.15±0.66) mg/(kg•min), P<0.01]; the TNF-α, IRS-1Ser636 were higher significantly [(15.43±2.16 vs. 5.4±2.16)pg/mL, P<0.01; (109.45±13.75 vs. 94.23±15.05), P<0.05], the level of IRS-1Tyr^456 was lower [(111.08±14.28 vs. 125.77±14.51), P<0.05]. There was a positive correlation between TNF-α and IRS-1Ser^636 (r=0.503, P=0.024) and negative correlation between TNF-α and IRS-1Tyr^465 (r=-0.521, P=0.019). Conclusion TNF-α has a negative correlation with IRS-1Tyr^465, positive correlation with IRS1Ser636 in insulin resistant rats, prompt that the mechanism of insulin resistance which was caused by TNF-α may have a relationship with the abnormality of IRS-1 phosphorylation.


This paper presents an automated system for the evaluation and visualization of structural vibrations on the surface of solid materials in an ultrasonic frequency range using a single head laser Doppler vibrometer. For this method, the vibrometer performs a continuous scan of the surface driven by a two-axes robotic system. Scan and measurement parameters can be adapted to the requirements of geometry, frequency and resolution. Data processing techniques are employed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and minimize the effect of inconvenient laser beam reflections caused by speckles.


Protection of various materials against hydration is of continuing interest to chemists and material scientists. We report on stabilization of porous surface of activated γ-alumina spheres (AAS) against hydration by an adhesive coat of nano-magnetite particles. The nano-Fe3O4-coated AAS were prepared in the ultrasound-agitated suspension of magnetite nanoparticles in heptane and were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is deduced that nanoparticle-alumina bonding interaction in non-polar organic solvent is enhanced by van der Waals attractive forces and that sonication induces changes in alumina morphology only in regions of contact between alumina and magnetite nanoparticles. The coated AAS submerged in still water avoid hydration and remain permeable by small gaseous (N2) molecules, while those soaked in moving water lose part of their coat and undergo hydration. The pristine and the coated AAS were briefly compared for their ability to degrade model antibiotics by using LC-MS analysis. It is confirmed that the degradation of trimethoprim is more efficient on the coated AAS. Our results are challenging for further research of Coulombic interactions between nano-particles and appropriate solid supports.


The Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), a sectoral institute of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (MSAH), is highly regarded nationally and internationally as a leading institution in the area of occupational health. This report provides the assessment of an International Evaluation Group (IEG) of scientists1 who were requested by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health in Finland to evaluate policy relevance and innovation chain efficiency of FIOH. The 2009 International Evaluation Group ascertains that the FIOH has been radically transformed to better cover the needs of occupational health in Finland in the future. Most of the recommendations of the 2004 evaluation have successfully been put into effect. The process of transformation is not complete in 2009 and, therefore, some of the effects of changes are not yet visible. The present evaluation should be followed up within a minimum of at least five years but possibly even earlier.


Used for Geometry Dependent Surface Lambertian-equivalent Reflectivity Calculations Zachary Fasnacht1, Wenhan Qin1, David Haffner1, Diego Loyola2, Joanna Joiner3, Nickolay Krotkov3, Alexander Vasilkov1, Robert Spurr4 1Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Lanham, MD; 2Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany; 3Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD; 4RT Solutions, Cambridge, MA


This article compares the performance of target detectors based on adaptive background differencing on public benchmark data. Five state of the art methods are described. The performance is evaluated using state of the art measures with respect to ground truth. The original points are the comparison to hand labelled ground truth and the evaluation on a large database. The simpler methods LOTS and SGM are more appropriate to the particular task as MGM using a more complex background model.


Necrotic pancreatitis is a significant health problem worldwide. It sometimes results in walled-off necrotic fluid collection. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of necrotic fluid collection has become the first line treatment deploying either lumen-apposing metallic stent (LAMS) or double-pigtail plastic stent (DPPS). One of the adverse effects of such procedure is stent migration.


Dormancy of buds is an important phase in the life cycle of perennial plants growing in environments where unsuitable growth conditions occur seasonally. In regions where low temperature defines these unsuitable conditions, the attainment of cold hardiness is also required to survive. The end of the dormant period culminates in budbreak and flower emergence, or spring phenology, one of the most appreciated and studied phenological events. Despite this, we have a limited physiological and molecular understanding of dormancy, which has negatively affected our ability to model budbreak. Here we highlight the importance of including cold hardiness in studies that typically only characterize time to budbreak. We show how different temperature treatments may lead to increases in cold hardiness, and by doing so also (inadvertently) increase time to budbreak. Therefore, erroneous interpretations of data may occur by not phenotyping cold hardiness. Changes in cold hardiness were very likely present in previous experiments to study dormancy, especially when those included below freezing temperature treatments. Separating the effects between chilling accumulation and cold acclimation in future studies will be essential for increasing our understanding of dormancy and spring phenology in plants.


The formation of bosonic bound states underlies the formation of a superfluid ground state in the many-body phase diagram of ultracold Fermi gases. We study bound-state formation in a spin- and mass-imbalanced ultracold Fermi gas confined in a box with hard-wall boundary conditions. Because of the presence of finite Fermi spheres, the center-of-mass momentum of the potentially formed bound states can be finite, depending on the parameters controlling mass and spin imbalance as well as the coupling strength. We exploit this observation to estimate the potential location of inhomogeneous phases in the many-body phase diagram as a function of spin- and mass imbalance as well as the box size. Our results suggest that a hard-wall box does not alter substantially the many-body phase diagram calculated in the thermodynamic limit. Therefore, such a box may serve as an ideal trap potential to bring experiment and theory closely together and facilitate the search for exotic inhomogeneous ground states.


Imported puller can not meet the needs of application,it may not be safe such as faults frequently,lack of power,aging hydraulic system,etc. In this paper,the performance status of the machine is comprehensively evaluated,the fault reason is analyzed,and the feasible schame is proposed. Imported puller's performance is improved through the technological innovation including power,mechanical,hydraulic and electrical control system. The method provides good references,theoretical guidance and practical experience for the similarity equipment.


We investigate the lowest many-body excited states in carbon nanotubes by means of ab initio calculations. On the basis of these calculations and an additional theoretical analysis of the excitons, we demonstrate that the splitting between the dark and bright spin-singlet states is due to the direct Coulomb electron-hole interaction, that the dark exciton always has gerade symmetry, and that it is always lower in energy relative to the bright exciton. Applying these studies to 0.4-0.8-nm-diameter tubes, we find a gerade-ungerade splitting of several tens of an meV, and a singlet-triplet splitting of comparable value. Our symmetry analysis of the origin of the singlet splitting indicates possible startegies to increase the emission efficiency of nanotubes.


China's dual circulation could be considered a form of strategic autonomy but it differs in many aspects. First and foremost, China's dual circulation has as ultimate objective China's self-reliance or, in other words, China's reduced dependence from Western imports, specially technology or any other which can create bottlenecks for the Chinese economy. While the EU's concept of strategic autonomy also pays attention to the resilience of supply chains, its ultimat objective is not self-reliance, as it focuses on co-dependence, as has been clarified by the addition «open» strategic autonomy. Finally, China's dual circulation also aims at fostering export markets beyond China's already very high share of global exports which inevitable increases the world dependence on China.


Philosophers have dwelt on the concept of peace to study its differences and diversity within the framework of a much more extensive and comprehensive field. They have discovered other concepts stemming from the main concept such as the recognition of the other, identity, altruism, cooperation, and integration. But along with its multiple subconcepts peacemaking is a complicated problematic concept. The difficulty of defining the concept of "peace" is not the main challenge, but rather the ability of such concept to reimagine the world so that it is compromised in political thought and practice. It is a concept that shapes the world, connecting the core with the margins, and steers policies of major countries influencing regional and global affairs. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the global balance of power, interest in the concept of peace grew. Given how peace can influence the situation in the Arab region, and its relation to the Arab–Israeli conflict, it is vital to research the components and strategies of "the Israeli peace" and how it impacts the Arab region. This article focuses on "the Israeli peace," highlighting its themes and approaches, and also unveils the Israeli drive and aspiration to structure a new Arab regional order based on hegemony and dependency. If the Arabs wish to achieve peace, they will have to reconsider the main premises of peace, its theoretical assumptions, and practical procedures, especially after consecutive US administrations have abandoned their role of honest broker in overseeing negotiations. The article poses several questions in relation to whether and how a peaceful settlement is equal to "the Israeli peace," and how it could be relevant to and based on mutual interests. What makes any peace inclusive and what are the differences between different approaches? In this context, the article analyses the complications related to peace in the region, adhering to an approach in which it acknowledges the historical, political, and cultural overlap that is connected to the nature and comprehensiveness of the concept of peace.


An organic solar cell based on a poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT): phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PCBM) bulk hetero-junction was directly coupled with molybdenum sulfide resulting in the design of a new type of photocathode for the production of hydrogen. Both the light-harvesting system and the catalyst were deposited by low-cost solution-processed methods, i.e. spin coating and spray coating respectively. Spray-coated MoS3 films are catalytically active in strongly acidic aqueous solutions with the best efficiencies for thicknesses of 40 to 90 nm. The photocathodes display photocurrents higher than reference samples, without catalyst or without coupling with a solar cell. Analysis by gas chromatography confirms the light-induced hydrogen evolution. The addition of titanium dioxide in the MoS3 film enhances electron transport and collection within thick films and therefore the performance of the photocathode.


Jewish jokes about Jewish wives and mothers and about "JAPs" have no equivalent in other groups. They are not aproduct of anti-Semitism nor an indication of a specifically Jewish misogyny. Rather they result from the familistic nature of Jewish life and the strong Jewish emphasis on the need to seek a spousefrom within the group. For the Jewish men, Jewish women represent dutyt and like all duties they are both accepted and mocked. The jokes need to be viewed alongside the jokes about drunkeness and violence that are told about male gentiles by gentiles in general but which are not told about Jewish menf who are too virtuous and uxorious to go out with the boys and get drunk. Instead they teil jokes about the women who keep them at home. I have long been puzzled by what Victor Raskin (1985: 217) has aptly termed the "rieh and complicated scripts used in Jewish humor (that) concerns the Jewish woman." I have in mind here the jokes about Jewish mothers, about Jewish wives, and about the JAP, the Jewish American princess. The joke scripts about the Jewish mother portray her äs a demanding, nagging, and over-possessive person who dotes on her son "and expects an equally all-devouring devotion on his part while pretending to be self-effacing." The mother is also portrayed äs "very ambitious for her children ... (and a) fanatic about her children eating well" (Raskin 1985: 217). Above all she is never willing to let her children (and especially her sons) go, and even äs mature adults they are kept in a state of perpetual emotional dependence and blackmail. These comic themes are best indicated by a few characteristic examples: Humor 3-4 (1990), 363-378. 0933-1719/90/0003-0363 $2.00 © Walter de Gruyter


An analytical model has been developed to predict the stability behavior of a thin film of water flowing over heated and unheated surfaces. The surface consists of a steel shell in the shape of an elliptical dome, which extends down to form cylindrical walls. The surface of the shell is coated to resist corrosion and enhance the surface wettability. The model is compared to observed test data and is used to predict the wetting behavior of the AP600 passive containment cooling system (PCS).


The stability of the flow of superfluid helium II between two corotating cylinders is investigated. The result is compared with the corresponding classical flow of helium I. The validity of Rayleigh`s stability criterion and the relation between a superfluid and a classical inviscid fluid are discussed.


There is a puzzle over why inheritance taxes are unpopular relative to other taxes since they are progressive and, assuming they are spent wisely on welfare goods, more people should gain than lose through inheritance tax. I examine four reasons why inheritance tax might be unpopular (a) propaganda, (b) fiscal illusion, (c) framing and developing the latter (d) an evolutionary basis in human reasoning. The latter suggests that the relative popularity of a tax is related to how far the money taxed is already 'in the possession' of the person taxed. Given these reasons I make a suggestion and examine some proposal for making inheritance tax less unpopular.


In a work due to Aigon and Silhol (also Buser and Silhol) a construction of 10 genus two closed Riemann surfaces is done from a given right angled hyperbolic pentagon. In this note we construct real Schottky groups uniformizations of the corresponding constructions. In particular, we are able to write down the algebraic curves obtained in the above work in terms of the parameters of the real Schottky group. We generalize such a construction for any right angled hyperbolic polygon and also consider an example for a nonright angled pentagon in the last section.


The drag force on a satellite of mass M moving with speed V in the gravitational field of a spherically symmetric background of stars is computed. During the encounter, the stars are subject to a time-dependent force that alters their equilibrium. The resulting distortion in the stellar density field acts back to produce a force FΔ that decelerates the satellite. This force is computed using a perturbative technique known as linear response theory. In this paper, we extend the formalism of linear response to derive the correct expression for the back-reaction force FΔ that applies when the stellar system is described by an equilibrium one-particle distribution function. FΔ is expressed in terms of a suitable correlation function that couples the satellite dynamics to the unperturbed dynamics of the stars. At time t, the force depends upon the whole history of the composite system. In the formalism, we account for the shift of the stellar center of mass resulting from linear momentum conservation. The self-gravity of the response is neglected since it contributes to a higher order in the perturbation. Linear response theory applies also to the case of a satellite orbiting outside the spherical galaxy. The case of a satellite moving on a straight line, at high speed relative to the stellar dispersion velocity, is explored. We find that the satellite during its passage raises (1) global tides in the stellar distribution and (2) a wake, i.e., an overdense region behind its trail. If the satellite motion is external to the galaxy, it suffers a dissipative force that is not exclusively acting along V but acquires a component along R, the position vector relative to the center of the spherical galaxy. We derive the analytical expression of the force in the impulse approximation. In penetrating short-lived encounters, the satellite moves across the stellar distribution and the transient wake excited in the density field is responsible for most of the deceleration. We find that dynamical friction arises from a memory effect involving only those stars perturbed along the path. The force can be written in terms of an effective Coulomb logarithm that now depends upon time. The value of ln Λ is computed for two simple equilibrium density distributions; it is shown that the drag increases as the satellite approaches the denser regions of the stellar distribution and attains a maximum after pericentric passage. When the satellite crosses the edge of the galaxy, the force does not vanish since the galaxy keeps memory of the perturbation induced and declines on a time comparable to the dynamical time of the stellar system. In the case of a homogeneous cloud, we compute the total energy loss. In evaluating the contribution resulting from friction, we derive self-consistently the maximum impact parameter, which is found to be equal to the length traveled by the satellite within the system. Tides excited by the satellite in the galaxy reduce the value of the energy loss by friction; in close encounters, this value is decreased by a factor of ~1.5.


Here, we provide a numerical model that assigns an identification number to trace sediments and also identify the source of sediment supply. We analyze the efficacy of our model by reproducing the reach-scale field observations from flooding events in 2010 and 2016 that affected Kyusen Bridge over the Bebetsu River, Hokkaido, Japan. Our simulation results can successfully reproduce and trace the formation of bars caused by sediment supply in the study region. Our study also suggests a strong relationship between bank erosion rate, sediment supply and flow-discharge. The bank erosion rate is higher when sediment supply increases, and bank erosion reduces as flow discharge goes down. The model can also replicate the changes in a bed concerning sediment supply and was used to reproduce the bridge-abutment failure caused by the 2016 flooding with large sediment supply and the bridge-pier failure caused by the 2010 flooding with less sediment supply.


Abstract : The non-hydrostatic (NH) compressible Euler equations of dry atmosphere are solved in a simplified two dimensional (2D) slice (X-Z) framework employing a spectral element method (SEM) for the horizontal discretization and a finite difference method (FDM) for the vertical discretization. The SEM uses high-order nodal basis functions associated with Lagrange polynomials based on Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre (GLL) quadrature points. The FDM employs a third-order upwind biased scheme for the vertical flux terms and a centered finite difference scheme for the vertical derivative terms and quadrature. The Euler equations used here are in a flux form based on the hydrostatic pressure vertical coordinate, which are the same as those used in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, but a hybrid sigma-pressure vertical coordinate is implemented in this model. We verified the model by conducting widely used standard benchmark tests: the inertia-gravity wave, rising thermal bubble, density current wave, and linear hydrostatic mountain wave. The numerical results demonstrate that the horizontally spectral element vertically finite difference model is accurate and robust. By using the 2D slice model, we effectively show that the combined spatial discretization method of the spectral element and finite difference method in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, offers a viable method for the development of a NH dynamical core. The present core provides a practical framework for further development of three-dimensional (3D) non-hydrostatic compressible atmospheric models.


Solving the problem of effective heat dissipation is of importance in electronic systems and other portable systems. This is particularly important to maintain the system's efficiency and to increase the durability of the system's component parts. In this study, a three-dimensional interrupted microchannel is designed and modelled to study and verify the thermal performance of the microchannel heat sink for effective thermal management in a compact space. The performance of the microchannel heat sink is optimized by carrying out a three-dimensional edge treatment of different rib configurations to determine the best design that will improve the heat transfer capability of the heat sink. Nanofluids formulated from Al2O3 nanoparticle and water having different volume fraction is used as the working fluid. The influence of increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction and the Reynolds number on the performance of the heat sink was also studied. The Al2O3-water nanofluid showed improved thermal performance in the microchannel heat sink when compared with water. Increasing the Reynolds number increased both the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop within the system, however, the performance evaluation criteria showed that the increase in the heat transfer coefficient surpassed that of the pressure drop.


Cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome (CFCS) is a rare disorder characterized by distinctive craniofacial appearance, cardiac, neurologic, cutaneous, and musculoskeletal abnormalities. It is due to heterozygous mutations in BRAF, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, and KRAS genes, belonging to the RAS/MAPK pathway. The role of RAS signaling in bone homeostasis is highly recognized, but data on bone mineral density (BMD) in CFCS are lacking. In the present study we evaluated bone parameters, serum and urinary bone metabolites in 14 individuals with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of CFCS. Bone assessment was performed through dual X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA); height‐adjusted results were compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Blood and urinary bone metabolites were also analyzed and compared to the reference range. Despite vitamin D supplementation and almost normal bone metabolism biomarkers, CFCS patients showed significantly decreased absolute values of DXA‐assessed subtotal and lumbar BMD (p ≤ 0.05), compared to controls. BMD z‐scores and t‐scores (respectively collected for children and adults) were below the reference range in CFCS, while normal in healthy controls. These findings confirmed a reduction in BMD in CFCS and highlighted the importance of monitoring bone health in these affected individuals.


Transfer function in a room is appreximated to a stationary Gaussian process, if the direct transrnission of sound from the source to a receiving point is negligible. The impules response in a room, therefore, is considered as a Gaussian process, since it corresponds to the inverse Fourier transform of the transfer function, Gassian process, in general, can be described by an auto-correlation function and a rnean value of the process, and hence the auto-cerrelation function of the impulse response


Lattice design for SuperKEKB is based on the present KEKB lattice. The unit-cell structure of KEKB has a wide range of flexibility, therefore main beam-optical parameters can be adjusted without changing the arcs. The interaction region (IR) and the other straight sections are changed to squeeze the vertical beta function to 3 mm at IP, keeping sufficient dynamic apertures. Recent progress such as a new design of IR with superconducting quadrupole magnets at 1.9 K, traveling focus scheme by using crab cavities, local chromaticity correction for the high energy ring, is presented. CONTRIBUTION NOT RECEIVED Proceedings of PAC09, Vancouver, BC, Canada WE6PFP044 Circular Colliders A02 Lepton Colliders 2591


SUMMARY In response to fast charging systems, Silicon Carbide (SiC) power semiconductor devices are of great interest of the automotive power electronics applications as the next generation of fast charging systems require high voltage batteries. For high voltage battery EVs (Elec-tric Vehicles) over 800V, SiC power semiconductor devices are suitable for 3-phase inverters, battery chargers, and isolated DC-DC converters due to their high voltage rating and high e ffi ciency performance. However, SiC- MOSFETs have two characteristics that interfere with high-speed switching and high e ffi ciency performance operations for SiC MOS-FET appli- cations in automotive power electronics systems. One characteristic is the low voltage rating of the gate-source terminal, and the other is the large internal gate-resistance of SiC MOS-FET. The purpose of this work was to evaluate a proposed hybrid gate drive circuit that could ignore the internal gate-resistance and maintain the gate-source terminal stability of the SiC-MOSFET applications. It has been found that the proposed hybrid gate drive circuit can achieve faster and lower loss switching performance than conventional gate drive circuits by using the current source gate drive char- acteristics. In addition, the proposed gate drive circuit can use the voltage source gate drive characteristics to protect the gate-source terminals despite the low voltage rating of the SiC MOS-FET gate-source terminals.


The correct control of lighting is an important element in the energy efficiency of a building. However, a lighting control system adds complexity and this means that there is an increased possibility of things going wrong. There are three main problems that come with a complex control system. The first is that the system may not be correctly commissioned and thus waste energy or not deliver the correct amount of light. The second is that the users of the building may not understand how to interact with the control system, at best this may mean that they are unable to use all of the features of the system, at worst it may mean they have to find ways of subverting system, for example by jamming paper clips into switches, so that they can get the lighting that they need. Finally maintenance of the system can be problematic. In many cases a lighting system may have a design life in excess of 20 years, however, as controls and the companies that make them are changing rapidly many key components of the control system become unavailable after a few years, thus making the installation unsupported in the event of a component failure. The current state of affairs is that we have an industry standard system, DALI, and whilst with care it can work well we still have a number of problems as outlined above. However, at present the industry seems to be pushing to add further complexity to lighting controls with a number of manufactures introducing products based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT is a great way for devices to communicate and under normal circumstances a message sent from one device will reliably get to the device it was meant for. However, there are no rules for what commands can be sent and the way devices respond to any given command. IoT lighting controls are therefore almost always proprietary to a given manufacturer and as devices may be exposed to the internet they are vulnerable to hacking and denial of service attacks. One major advantage of many new control systems is that they provide a use event log and so by data mining it is possible to discover exactly how people use the lighting in a given building and by coupling this knowledge with occupancy evaluation surveys it is possible to know how happy they are with the system. The results of such analyses may provide the basis of the next generation of lighting control systems, which will have the functions the users want, they will be interoperable, and they will have the ability to self configure. Moreover, the lighting control will be able to integrate with other building services to reduce needless device replication. The analysis of the buildings with complex control systems is starting, but the bigger question is will the lighting industry want to use the results to make better controls?


This paper has analyzed the theoretical basis from fiscal and financial policy to the upgrading of industrial structure,and given the related empirical analyze,used the data about 18 prefecture-level cities of five provincial-level ethnic autonomous regions in China,from 1999 to 2010.The results show that the fiscal and financial policy is significant positive effect to the upgrading of industrial structure,and the fiscal policy has a higher effect,what' s more,the intervention exists from the former to the later in its process.In order to upgrade the industrial structure of ethnic regions,it's necessary to pay attention to the fiscal policy and financial policy,and their linkage effects is very important.


During floristic surveys in the southwestern borders of the Hissar Mountains (Pamir-Alai system, Central Asia), 2011–2013, we collected one unidentified species from genus Iris Linnaeus (1753: 38) subgenus Scorpiris , section Juno (Trattinnick 1817: 135) Bentham ex Bentham & Hooker (1883: 687). These plants were introduced into the Tashkent Botanical Garden, where we carefully studied them in the Iris living collection. We conclude that the new species is related to an alliance that contains Iris parvula (Vvedensky 1963: 425) Hall & Seisums (2011: 300). This group consists primarily of high-mountain species, the distribution of which is limited to the ridges of the Pamir-Alai and western Tien-Shan (Central Asia)— Iris parvula , I. linifolia (Regel 1935: 152) Fedtschenko (1905: 159), I. tadshikorum (Vvedensky 1935: 152) Vvedensky (1935: 563) and I. narynensis Fedtschenko (1905: 159; Ikinci et al ., 2011). According to our studies, this group could be extended by the inclusion of Iris vvedenskyi Nevski (1932: 323) and Juno linifoliiformis Khalkuziev (1985: 1663), here transferred to Iris . Iris vvedenskyi is primarily documented for the Kugi-Tang Range (western Pamir-Alai), and its main distribution is in Turkmenistan. The lesser-known I. linifoliiformis grows on northern slopes of the Turkestan and Alai Ridges (Khalkuziev, 1985). The world checklist of selected plant families (2013) placed J. linifoliiformis in synonymy with I. linifolia . Vvedensky (1971), in the note to Iris linifolia , wrote that plants from the Alai Ridge differ from I. linifolia and should be recognized as a new species, between typical I. linifolia and northern forms of I. tadshikorum Vved. Later, a researcher of the flora of Alai Ridge, Khalkuziev (1985), described these plants as Juno linifoliiformis Khalkusiev (1985: 1663) and distinguished them from I. linifolia by their deeply dissected (1.5–2.0 mm long) crests and narrower leaves not exceeding flowers.


Floor plan for a home commissioned by Cyrus B. Frost in Eastland, Texas. It includes a detailed floor plan for the second floor as well as diagrams of various sections and a door schedule.


Understanding the interfacial charge transfer of the photoinduced transients of all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX3; X = Cl, Br, I) is critical for their photovoltaic applications. Ultrafast dynamics can provide comprehensive information about the transient behavior of the carriers and their transfer mechanism in the materials. In this work, the interfacial charge transfer of CsPbX3 films assembled with TiO2 with different halogen doping ratios was studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy combined with global analysis. Four subsequent decay processes after photoexcitation were carried out, including hot carrier cooling, free exciton formation, electron transfer, and charge recombination. The results indicate that the time constant of the interfacial electron transfer varies with the location of the trap state of these perovskites and the relative energy of conduction bands in the perovskite and TiO2 and that the time constant of the charge recombination can be attribute...


Today, social networks present massive amounts of data by the hour that need storage, therefore, along with the aid of cloud computing, social networks users can have their data stored in data centers anywhere around the globe belonging to the cloud. This paper will be focusing on how to allocate user data to the appropriate global data centers from a social networking point of view. The method is carried out using the proposed algorithm where a number of factors are involved such as; read-rate, write-rate, and the number/location of friend connections are used to calculate which data center would yield shorter latency and therefore better results if the user data was to be stored at that location. After validating which was done via simulation, the algorithm proved to yield sufficiently improved data-access latency scores in all test cases.


In the horizontal pipeline dust exploding device, the influence of ignition delay time, aluminum dust concentration and its size on the maximum explosion pressure and rate of pressure rise have been done by lots of experiments. The results show that aluminum dust with a fixed concentration and size has an explosive delay range and it can explode only in the range. And there is a optimum ignition delay time, at which the maximum explosion pressure and rate of pressure rise of aluminum dust can maximize at the same time. The maximum explosion pressure and rate of pressure rise grow firstly and then decrease with the increase of concentration of aluminum dust, and decrease with the augmentation of the particle size.


Background: Thermal injuries are one of the leading causes of disability and death, particularly in low and middle income countries, yet its epidemiology in Egypt is underreported. Thermal trauma is a significant health problem that has physical, psychological, and economic repercussions on affected patients. Objective: Our aim was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of thermal injury patients. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was done on one hundred patients with thermal injuries admitted to Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Data were collected from patient's files. Results: The highest incidence of thermal injuries was seen in 3 and 4 decade age group (65 cases) while the lowest incidence was those < 10 years (5 cases). Fire predominates in both genders (more than 50%) followed by hot liquids. Electrical injures represented the lowest cause. The most commonly injured part was upper limbs. Thermal injury covering less than 10% of total body surface area (TBSA) represented 28% of studied cases, while 40% of studied cases had injury covering 10-20% of TBSA and those with 21-30% injury of TBSA were 25% of cases. Majority of cases had thermal injuries of third degree (62 cases). Eighteen cases died; 8 cases died early from dehydration and shock, 6 cases from infection and 4 cases from surgical interventions. Conclusion: Thermal injuries are public health problem accounting for a substantial proportion of all trauma admissions at Al-Hussein Hospital. These injuries and deaths are preventable, provided a community-specific preventive program is implemented with a strong educational component.