The purpose of this paper is to assess empirically the relative contribution of various domestic and external factors to the Russian financial crisis outburst in 1998. The results of probit estimations suggest that the highest share in the overall crisis probability was associated with external capital flows and the state of international liquidity. The banking sector fragility in spheres of foreign borrowing and domestic lending was another factor mainly responsible for the country's vulnerability to a crisis. The government finance problems and exchange rate misalignments, commonly blamed for the rouble crash, played only a minor role in the crisis eruption.


It is now universally accepted that 'Corporate Governance' is not a buzzword to impress the audience, but a corner-stone practice within all spheres of the socio-economic arena. The investor populace will pay a premium for the assurance of proper governance. Whether it is building a prestigious freeway or a modest gravel road, proper governance is an imperative. This has been proven time and again at The South African National Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL). With core objectives such as the management of South Africa's primary road network, ensuring best value for money and the preservation of financial market confidence, it is vital that the organization is a credible custodian of taxpayer and investor funds. Having recognized that good corporate governance practice is crucial, SANRAL has set up a governance framework for its Board of Directors. Enterprise wide risk management translates into the company's Risk Register. An independently operated toll-free fraud hotline and fraud prevention and response plans are strong deterrents to corruption. The sustained demonstration of integrity and interpersonal respect underpin individual and organizational behavior and form the essence of governance and institutional integrity – these are the values that the SANRAL team strives to develop, nurture and uphold for its stakeholders.


Results The meta-analysis encompassed 78 trials measuring at least one outcome of interest. Forty-three of the studies involved head-to-head comparisons of individual LAIs. The studies had a mean follow-up period of 40.5 weeks, and 66 of the studies were double-blind trials. The studies encompassed a total of more than 12,000 participants with a mean age of 39.8 years. Several LAIs were found to be more effective than placebo in preventing relapse. In order from the largest to the smallest point estimate, these were the 3-month formulation of paliperidone, aripiprazole, flupenthixol, fluphenazine, risperidone, pipothiazine, olanzapine, the 1-month formulation of paliperidone, and haloperidol. In head-to-head comparisons of LAIs, the 3-month formulation of paliperidone, aripiprazole, and fluphenazine were more effective than haloperidol. A treatment hierarchy based on surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) evaluation showed the best mean results for the 3-month formulation of paliperidone, aripiprazole, and flupenthixol. The evaluation of acceptability found that several LAIs were significantly more acceptable than placebo. In order from the largest to the smallest point estimate, these were (zu)clopenthixol, aripiprazole, paliperidone, olanzapine, flupenthixol, haloperidol, fluphenazine, risperidone, the 1-month formulation of paliperidone, and pipothiazine. Head-to-head comparisons found that aripiprazole was significantly more acceptable than bromperidol, fluphenazine, the 1-month formulation of paliperidone, pipothiazine, and risperidone. The SUCRA ranking showed the best results in acceptability for (zu)clopenthixol, aripiprazole, and the 3-month formulation of paliperidone.


Stanich, K., Cliff, M. A., Hampson, C. R. and Toivonen, P. M. A. 2014. Shelf-life and sensory assessments reveal the effects of storage treatments with 1-methylcyclopropene on new and established apples. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1427–1439. This research used shelf-life and sensory assessments to explore the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on four apples (Aurora, Fuji, Nicola™, Salish™). Maturity (internal ethylene concentration, starch clearing index), quality (soluble solids, titratable acidity, firmness) and sensory determinations were conducted on fruit that had undergone air (AIR) or controlled atmosphere (CA) storage treatments with and without 1-MCP. Trained panelists evaluated apples, along with industry standards (Gala, McIntosh and either Fuji or Ambrosia), for eight attributes (crispness, hardness, juiciness, skin toughness, sweetness, tartness, sweet–tart balance and flavour). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and principal component analyses (PCA) to compare the treatment a...


As most of the developed societies are ageing, how to engage older consumers in advertising has become important to marketing communication practitioners. A qualitative study was conducted in March 2021 by interviewing a convenience sample of 20 persons aged 50 to 64 in China. Interviewees most often recalled celebrity endorsers who frequently appear in popular TV dramas. Source attractiveness was the main reason for recalling the celebrity endorsers. Source attractiveness, source credibility, and congruency with image of the brand, as well as moral qualities of celebrities were frequently reported as major factors that brands should consider when selecting an endorser. Interviewees perceived that credibility of endorsers was closely related to their moral behavior. Regarding advertising effect, interviewees perceived that advertisements with celebrity endorsement could enhance brand awareness, create positive feelings about the brand, and enhance purchase intention. Interviewees perceived that traditional celebrities enjoy a higher level of credibility and persistence of popularity than online influencers. The study discusses the theoretical implications for whether the main theories of celebrity endorsement are applicable to older people in China as well as the practical implications for marketing communications.


The archaeology of the Rub' al-Khali desert in Dhofar, southern Oman, is virtually unknown. The exception is a number of lithic scatters on interdunal gravels and at the edges of ancient palaeolakes recorded by geological surveyors in the early 1970s (Pullar 1974). These assemblages have been the fodder for considerable debate. Initially misclassified as North African Aterian (McClure 1994) and Levantine Pre-Pottery Neolithic (e.g. Dreschler 2007), recent work has shown that they belong to the 'Nejd Leptolithic' tradition, a local facies dated to between c. 13 000 and 7000 years ago (Hilbert et al. 2012; Charpentier & Crassard 2013). During winter 2012, the Ministry of Heritage and Culture in Oman commissioned an expedition to Ramlat Fasad, near the modern village of al-Hashman in the southern Rub' al-Khali, Governorate of Dhofar, to further assess the temporal and geographical extent of past human habitation in this region.


Machine generated contents note: -- A Walk in the Woods -- Aberrant Self-Promotion at Work -- Aesthetics at Work -- All the Questions and All the Answers -- Appraisal Systems -- Beware of Creatives -- Blame Storming -- Career Success -- Change -- Charlatan Detection -- Could do Better -- Different Perspectives -- Does Coaching Work? -- Evidence at Work -- Expansion -- Faking It -- Face-ism and Shape-ism at Work -- Food at Work -- Gender and Job Satisfaction -- Hating HR -- How Management Style Leads Directly to Profit and Loss -- Improving References -- Incentive Schemes -- Inspirational Teachers -- Interview Techniques -- Lie Detectors -- Loafers, Suckers and Free-Riders -- The Obsolescent CEOM -- Market Research -- Mentoring at Work -- Money as a Motivator -- Nutters at Work -- Peanuts and Monkeys -- Power and Status in Organisations -- Processes, Profit and People -- Protecting Vulnerable Customers -- Quant Jocks and Qual Jills -- Recognition Programmes that don't Work -- Religion at Work -- Resilience and Hardiness -- Resistance to Change -- Seven Lessons for Appraisal -- Showing off the CEO -- Smart Arses -- Spirituality at Work -- Striving for Power -- Surveillance at Work -- Taking Care and Taking Charge -- Taking Offence -- The Catch Phrase Technique -- The Content of Job Advertisements -- The Dangers of Forecasting -- The Drive for Money -- The Emotional Contract at Work -- The Leader Profit Chain -- The Legacy Problem -- The Narcissistic Manager -- The Hyper-moral Obsessive -- The Scientific Understanding of the Public -- The Work EthicTo do a PhD -- What is Conscientiousness? -- Whistle Blowing at Work -- Wit at Work -- Writing as Therapy -- Writing Your Own Obituary.


One of the most important features of capital markets as an adaptive complex networks is their collective behavior. In this paper, we have analyzed the banking sectors of 4 world stock markets,which composed of emerging and matures ones. By applying one the important complexity notions, Random matrix theory(RMT), it is founded that mature markets have a higher degree of collective behavior,Even though we used RMT tools: participation ratio(PR), node participation ratio(NPR)and relative participation ratio(RPR) , which NPR illustrated independent banks than whole market and RPR compared collective behavior of markets by a normal range. By applying local and global perturbations, we concluded that mature markets are more vulnerable to perturbations due to the high level of collective behavior. Finally, by drawing the dendrograms and heat maps of the correlation matrices,


A new, reusable palladium/magnesium-lanthanum mixed oxide catalyst has been found to exhibit unprecedented high catalytic activity and selectivity for the heterogeneous Heck cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with alkenes. The nature of the aryl halides has a determinate effect on the reaction yield. The corresponding reactions of a wide range of activated and non-activated aryl bromides and chlorides furnished the arylated product with high E/Z isomer ratios even already at 80 °C. The stereoselectivity depended on the nature of the olefins.


The conventional video developments usually adopt ARM plus DSP or dual DSP scheme. Aim at this problem, this paper uses a DSP to achieve a video acquisition system, which has the characteristics of lower cost and simply to develop.


NEW MATERIAL: A compd. represented by formula I (wherein Z is at least 1; P is O, etc.; A is aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, etc.; R 1 is H or lower alkyl; and 2 is H, lower alkyl or -CO 2 H) and its salt. EXAMPLE: 1-[(2-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-1,2-ethanediylbis(oxysulfonyl)biscarbamic acid bis 1-methyl ethyl ester. USE: A medicine useful for treating and preventing chronic arthritis and osteoporosis. PROCESS: Z-mol of a reactant of a compd. represented by formula (Ar is aryl) is reacted with a compd. represented formula A 2 (OH) (A 2 is same to A) in an aprotic solvent containing about 1-20% of a tertiary amine base at about 50 - about 200°C to obtain the compd. represented by formula I. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


Experiments at a future Electron-Ion Collider will improve our understanding of QCD, e.g. by addressing the spin problem of the nucleon and the role played by the angular momenta of partons. The RD6-FLYSUB Consortium† is performing R&D on tracking and particle ID with Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) for such experiments. A 1m-long trapezoidal tripleGEM detector read out by 1024 radial zigzag strips in eight -sectors is an option under study for tracking in the forward region. The zigzag structure of the readout strips improves the position-sensitivity of charge sharing among strips. Consequently, it allows a threefold reduction in the required number of strips and electronic channels over a conventional straight-strip readout while preserving good spatial resolution. In an era of flat NP and HEP research budgets, the resulting significant reduction in electronics cost for a forward tracking system in an EIC detector would be of high value to the field. The construction of a detector prototype with such a zigzag strip readout is briefly discussed. We report results from a beam test of this prototype with 20-120 GeV hadrons at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. The readout design shows a typical cross-talk of not more than ~5%. The charged-particle detection efficiency of this detector is measured to be ~98%. With hit positions based on the barycenters of zigzag-strip clusters, the overall measured spatial resolution of the detector is ~240μrad given a 1.37mrad azimuthal pitch of the radial zigzag strips. Clusters with exactly two strips give a resolution of ~180μrad. Spatial resolution and efficiency are studied as a function of high voltage and for different positions on the detector. We discuss how a correction for the non-linearity of the strip response and a new readout board with more closely interleaved zigzag strips can each further enhance the spatial resolution of this detector type. † RD6-FLYSUB is a collaboration of researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory, Florida Institute of Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, University of Virginia, Weizmann Institute of Science and Yale University formed to carry out R&D for tracking and particle identification for detectors for a future electron-ion collider.


Background Acute dyspnoea is a common symptom in Emergency Medicine, and severity assessment is difficult during the first time the patient calls the Emergency Medical Call Centre. Objective To identify predictive factors regarding the need for early respiratory support in patients who call the Emergency Medical Call Centre for dyspnoea. Design, settings and participants This retrospective cohort study carried out in the Emergency Medical Call Centre of the University Hospital of Toulouse from 1 July to 31 December 2019. Patients over the age of 15 who call the Emergency Medical Call Centre regarding dyspnoea and who were registered at the University Hospital or died before admission were included in our study. Outcome measure and analysis The primary end-point was early requirement of respiratory support [including high-flow oxygen, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or mechanical ventilation after intubation] that was initiated by the physicians staffed ambulance before admission to the hospital or within 3 h after being admitted. Associations with patients' characteristics identified during Emergency Medical Call Centre calls were assessed with a backward stepwise logistic regression after multiple imputations for missing values. Main results During the 6-month inclusion period, 1425 patients called the Emergency Medical Call Centre for respiratory issues. After excluding 38 calls, 1387 were analyzed, including 208 (15%) patients requiring respiratory support. The most frequent respiratory support used was NIV (75%). Six independent predictive factors of requirement of respiratory support were identified: chronic β2-mimetics medication [odds ratio (OR) = 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.61–3.44], polypnea (OR = 5.78, 95% CI 2.74–12.22), altered ability to speak (OR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.55–3.55), cyanosis (OR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.81–4.32), sweats (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.25–3) and altered consciousness (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–3.08). Conclusion During first calls for dyspnoea, six predictive factors are independently associated with the risk of early requirement of respiratory support.


Learning Preference Assessment is necessary to assess the students' readiness to be involved in the selfdirected learning such as online learning. Knowing the level of Learning Preference Assessment, an educational institution or students can prepare themselves to be better to get involved in the online learning. The measurement of Learning Preference Assesment that has been done so far is by using the questionnaire of Learning Preference Assessment in which the score of total score of each questionnaire is classified into the level of students' Learning Preference Assessment. Every level has certain score range. The total number of students in each level used the statistical principle and classical logic but they still have a weakness since they do not consider the total score of the certain level threshold. As a consequence, the mapping of the level of students' Learning Preference Assessment in the university or study program results in inaccuracy. We propose a fuzzy method that is a mathematical approach and human's cognitive aspect in this level measurement. The research results showed that there was a difference of the score of Learning Preference Assessment between using the statistical method and using the fuzzy logic method. The Fuzzy system can find the different level that cannot be found by statistical or logical analysis.


Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antifungal activity of the synthesized mono-, di- and trinuclear ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes. Methods: A series of synthesized ruthenium(II) complexes, R1, R2 and R3, are screened for in vitro antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cancer cell line using 96-well plate method. An assay of antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion method. In addition an assay of an antifungal was performed by broth micro-dilution method. Results: The cytotoxicity of complexes revealed IC 50 values of 14.52 (R3), 19.53 (R2) and 22.32 μM (R1) against HepG2 cell line in a dose dependent manner. All the complexes inhibited moderately the growth of Gram positive bacteria (G + ) such as Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Eubacterium lentum, and Bacillus subtillis , quite meagerly the growth of the Gram negative bacterium (G ─ ), Enterobacter aerogenes, but did not inhibit at all the growth of Erwinia amylovora (MTCC 2760) and showed a slight antifungal activity. Conclusion: From this study, we could suggest that the systematic increase in number of imidazole moiety along with expanding cloud of conjugated π-electron system of ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes is responsible for the antiproliferative activity which increases in the order, R1 < R2 < R3 against HepG2 cancer cells. Consecutively, the complexes show good antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria, but show poor or no effect against Gram negative bacteria and exhibit a little antifungal activity.


There are many factors contributing to social progress. A general review of the progress process of Asian sports will illustrate clearly how sports in Asia developed and what influence sports progress has brought about to overall progress and social progress in Asia. The progress of Asian sports experienced three stages, which can be divided as the formation stage, the integration progress stage and finally the stage of total rise. The general tendency of continuous progress and progress of Asian sports provides an ideal external environment for the progress and prosperity of Asian sports. The progress of Asian sports meets the requirement of social change of in Asia. So it can be seen clearly from the relevant statistics and analysis that sports progress in Asia plays a vital role in terms of promoting the thorough progress of Asian society.


In this chapter I intend to clarify nuclear epistemological aspects underpinning teacher education through life histories and to make explicit how it may foster teachers' identity construction at four levels: individual, inter individual, organizational and societal. The meaning of 'biograficity' of each one of these levels is explained.


Several types of experiments are being conducted by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Information Assurance (IA) Program in DARPA's IA Lab. This research program is driven by concepts of strategic cyberdefense. Each experiment involves a carefully formulated hypothesis that is intended to be either supported or refuted by the experimental testing. In many cases, "red team" attackers participate in all phases of the experiment and contribute to generating the data required to test the hypothesis. The red team is usually structured to model a well-resourced adversary, such as a foreign, national intelligence agency. The particular experiment described here explored one aspect of the IA program's grand hypothesis of dynamic defense: "Dynamic modification of defensive structure improves system assurance." This experiment concentrated on the assertion that autonomic response mechanisms can improve overall system assurance by thwarting an attack while it is underway. In most cases, each attack in this experiment was run first with only "prevent and detect" mechanisms enabled, then repeated with "prevent, detect, and respond mechanisms" enabled. The key result of this experiment is that the hypothesis was supported.


In order to solve the problem of reliance on manual experience and long time consuming for the weight coefficient setting in the predictive speed synchronous control of the dual permanent magnet motor system, this paper proposes a finite control set model predictive control strategy based on quadratic cost function. Firstly, based on the idea of unified modeling, the motion equation and electrical equation of the driving motor, the mathematical model of the two-level voltage source inverter are combined to establish a unified model. Then, the offline solution algorithm is used based on Lyapunov stability analysis to realize the self-tuning of the weight coefficient matrix, ensuring the convergence of each error term in the consecutive period; After that, the adjusted weight coefficient matrix is used for the online rolling optimization process of the predictive speed synchronous controller, and the cost function optimization is finally performed. Simultaneously considering the actual user needs, the current limit is added to the system. Finally, the simulation research prove that the proposed control strategy has fast dynamic response speed and synchronous tracking accuracy.


List of Illustrations. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Part I:1772--1803:. 1. Inspired Charity Boy 1772--1791. 2. Cambridge and Pantisocracy 1791--1794. 3. Bristol and Marriage 1795--1796. 4. Nether Stowey and a Kubla Khana 1796--1797. 5. The Ancient Mariner. 6. To Germany and Back 1798--1800. 7. Greta Hall 1800--1802. Part II: 1803--1834:. 8. In Search of Health: To Malta and Back: 1803--1806. 9. Friendships and The Friend 1807--1810. 10. Life--in--Death: London 1810--1814. 11. Risen Again : Biographia Literaria 1814--1817. 12. Highgate 1818--1821. 13. Coleridge the Sage: Aids to Reflection 1821--1825. 14. Progress and Permanence 1826--1829. 15. Last Years: Church and the State 1830--1834. Notes. Bibliography. Index.


Ruby describes a hasty wedding, the price of coal and household amenities for the cottage in Gravenhurst, where she is recuperating. She was diagnosed with Consumption (Tuberculosis).


T his commentary continues the discussion initiated in a previous article entitled "Comment on the Importance of Data Transparency, Openness, and Reproducibility in Dissolution Science and Technology" (1). As a follow-up, this commentary more specifically provides a scan of current practices in the literature that are applicable to solubility data reported in Dissolution Technologies, with the goal of enhancing reproducibility and meaningful interpretations of these data.


AN OVERVIEW OF THE FIELD OF REMOTE SENSING IS PRESENTED FOR THE ENGINEER, NAMELY THE PROBLEMS OF SOURCE, ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION, LENS/FILTER/FILM OR SENSOR SENSITIVITY, REFLECTANCE OF TARGETS, AND DATA PRESENTATION. THE DISCUSSION COVERS VISUAL WAVELENGTHS, BLACK AND WHITE AND COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY, THE PHOTOGRAPHIC OR SOLAR IR REGION, HEAT IR, AND MICROWAVE IMAGERY. UTILIZATION OF PHOTO AND OTHER SENSORS FOR INTERPRETATION IS CONSIDERED, SHOWING CURRENT TRENDS AND THE POTENTIAL OF SATELLITE SYSTEMS SUCH AS THE ERTS-A. /AUTHOR/


The diurnal variation of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500nm wavelength and the Angstrom turbidity coefficients (α and β) were derived from direct beam measurements. Results of the measurements showed that the AOD, α, and β variations at different time intervals were mainly influenced by human activities and industrial operations as the day progressed. Hourly variability of AOD (in terms of percent departure from the daily mean) showed that it increases from morning and then reaches its maximum diversion from the mean (25%) at noontime (around 11 AM local time) and then slowly decreases in the afternoon. The wavelength exponent showed an almost similar pattern of diurnal variability as AOD. Its variation ranges at about 6 % above and below the average value of α. However β has a different pattern as compared to AOD and α. It consistently departs above the mean at around 20% in the morning and close to 30% below the mean in the afternoon. Daily values of AOD range from 0.545 to 2.174 with values frequently in the range of 0.5 to 1.5. Daily α was frequently around 1.75 but its values ranged from 0.502 to 3.236. This denoted that fine particles were dominating over coarse particles.


Four experiments were conducted by using individual aggregates and ground samples of different soils and a range of wetting pre-treatments to investigate the effect of wetting on the desorption moisture characteristic of Vertisols. Wetting rate was varied by manipulating the energy of the water used to wet up the soil. Fast wetting was found to increase moisture uptake in Vertisols over a wide range of matric potentials (to -38 MPa in one soil). At high matric potentials, additional water uptake ranged up to 0.26 g g-l. These results were attributed to the creation of planar voids within soils between small water-stable aggregates on fast wetting. These voids retained water at matric potentials as low as -90 kPa. At this potential, 40% of additional water taken up on fast wetting was still retained in one soil. At -1500 kPa, fast wet soils retained up to 1.2 times more moisture relative to slow wet soils. The effect of wetting at potentials of -1500 kPa and less appeared to be related to the smectite content of the soil clay fraction and the degree of order of clay quasi-crystals. The soil which showed the greatest effect of fast wetting at these potentials had a less well ordered clay micro-structure. These findings have relevance to field studies, as variations in maximum field soil moisture content, with depth, could be reproduced by tension wetting pre-treatments. This result indicates that reduced rate of subsoil wetting may be responsible for the decrease in maximum field water contents with increasing soil depth, which has been observed in Vertisols. Such profiles have previously been attributed to the effect of overburden and stress potentials alone.


Demb and Neubauer (1992) asked their interviewees to characterize the relative merits of various sources of corporate governance in different economies. Surprisingly, the roles of boards and owners was viewed as comparatively unimportant in the USA, when compared to regulation and 'society'. While interview responses can be viewed as less reliable than empirical analysis of more 'objective' data, these observations would provide an explanation of the generally lackluster support generated by the (largely US-focused) empirical literature on corporate governance. We now turn to an analysis of the legal environment.


As the progress of society and the improvement of people's living standard,patients and their family members have increasingly high requirements to the quality of medical nursing service and technique.They urgently need the administrators to use more effective thinking ways and methods for quality evaluation and control.This article put forward a new thinking way to evaluate the quality of nursing according to the patients' demands and their satisfactory level,and concurrently to enforce the control and evaluation of nursing procedure,in order to meet the development of modern nursing and to provide "timely,convenient,trustworthy and effective" high-quality of nursing service for the patients.


The Eu3+- and Tb3+-doped NaSr0.65Ba0.35(PO4) phosphors were prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses confirm the pure crystalline phase of Olgite mineral. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements indicate that these phosphors have good surface-crystalline with a narrow size distribution. Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy were applied to study the luminescence properties of these phosphors. The bands near 147 nm in the VUV excitation spectra of those doped samples are attributed to the PO43- absorption in the host. The excitation and emission spectra indicate that the phosphors can be effectively excited for NaSr0.65Ba0.35(PO4):Eu3+ and NaSr0.65Ba0.35(PO4):Tb3+ by 147 nm and exhibit a red and green light, respectively. The Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates for Eu3+- and Tb3+-activated phosphors are calculated. Considering the high luminescence intensity, excellent color purity and chemical stability, NaSr0.65Ba0.35(PO4):RE (RE = Eu3+, Tb3+) are attractive red- and green-emitting plasma display panel phosphors.


China is moving toward the use of Editorial 40 (1), 1–2 isolated bovine retina organ culture model as an Article 40 (1), 23–32 the validation of integrated testing strategies Article 40 (3), 175–181 developments on 'human-on-a-chip' systems Article 40 (5), 235–257 use in drug development — the role of the IMI FRAME Annual Lecture 40 (6), 307–312 training needs in alternative methods for toxicity testing Article 40 (6), 313–320 to study intestinal barrier function in piglets PiLAS Supplement 40 (6), P26–P27 Animal behaviour rats show emphatically-motivated helping behaviour News & Views 40 (1), 9–13 Animal experimentation non-invasive genotyping for identifying transgenic lab animals News & Views 40 (3), 139–143 SNP genotyping for monitoring laboratory mice Article 40 (3), 155–163 southern India medical colleges and support for Article 40 (3), 165–174 is the field of battle changing? Editorial 40 (4), 189–191 being used for army training in NATO countries News & Views 40 (4), 193–196 in the UK — statistics Comment 40 (4), 211–219 public's willingness to accept the use of mice or zebrafish research Article 40 (6), 321–333 the declaration of openness on Comment 40 (6), 339–341 Animal models of human disease literature survey of Huntington's disease animal models Article 40 (5), 271–283 ATLA papers available on InterNICHE database News & Views 40 (3), 139–143 Award(s) winners of the NC3Rs awards have been announced News & Views 40 (2), 73–16 projects granted 3R Research Foundation Switzerland News & Views 40 (2), 73–16 at the EUSAAT 2012–Linz 2012 Congress News & Views 40 (4), 139–143 Nobel prizes and challenging the prevailing dogma Comment 40 (5), 285–291 InterNICHE wins Lush Prize News & Views 40 (6), 301–305


In this paper we propose to realize an analysis of the Romanian economy in the period 2004-2012, analysis in which we follow the main macroeconomic indicators and their impact on the economic "health" in this period, highlighting two significant moments that have produced dramatic effects, respectively 2005, when introducing flat tax of 16%, and 2010, when budgetary wages were reduced with 25% and VAT increased from 19% to 24%. More specifically, our goal is to highlight the impact of these events on population, its way of saving, credit, inflation, namely to determine if these fiscal measures had the expected effects on the economy.


Scholars have pointed out that the arguments for not-self (anattā, or "non-self") recurring in the Buddhist texts are meant to refute the "self" (ātman) in the Upaniṣads. The Buddha's denial of the self, however, was not only pointed at Brahmanism, but also confronted various śramaṇic trends of thought against Brahmanism. This paper investigates the extant three versions of a Buddhist text which records a debate between the Buddha and Saccaka, an adherent of a certain śramaṇic sect, over the relationship of the self and the five aggregates (khandha). There exist divergences among the three versions in regard to the account of this debate. The account in sutta 35 of the Majjhima Nikāya is generally consistent with that in sūtra 110 of the Saṃyukta Āgama in Chinese translation, whereas sūtra 10 of Chapter 37 of the Ekottarika Āgama in Chinese translation tells a very different story.
Judging from Saccaka's title, Nigaṇṭhaputta, and his background as given in the Pali commentary, he was an adherent of Jainism. This paper demonstrates that Saccaka's view, which was refuted by the Buddha, as stated in the two similar versions has nothing to do with Jainism, but rather it is an "invention" created by distorting Brahmanical thought. This "invention" has led the Pali commentaries and contemporary scholars to interpret the 'self' denied by the Buddha as what comes under one's mastery or control, and to understand the statement "Each of the five aggregates is not self" in the Buddhist texts as denying the idea that each of the five aggregates can be seen as what comes under control. This, however, misses the point. The mainstream thought in India at that time conceived the 'self' or the essence of the individual or of the universe as a 'controller', and it is this concept that the Buddha exerted all his energy to overturn. Therefore, the account in those two versions of the text apparently has some mistake.
As to the Ekottarika Āgama version of the text, Saccaka's view as stated therein is very different from what is found in the above two versions. An examination of this version shows that the views rebutted by the Buddha are very similar to those of the Ājīvikas. Since the Buddhist texts frequently confuse the Ājīvikas with the Jains (Nigaṇṭha), it is very likely that Saccaka was actually an adherent of the Ājīvika faith and that this discourse is meant to criticize the Ājīvika doctrines. Since the Ekottarika Āgama version seems to make better sense, this version may be fairly close to the original account, while the other two versions have considerably deviated from the original.
By comparing these three versions of the text, I also attempt to explore some important issues regarding the sectarian development of Buddhism, and to shed some light on the unique values of the Chinese Ekottarika Āgama, which is, in terms of sectarian affiliation, significantly distant from the Pali Majjhima Nikāya and the Chinese Saṃyukta Āgama that belong to two closely related schools.


• Summary: Although social work literature acknowledges spirituality, Islamic spirituality has been neglected as a practice resource. • Findings: Among the various Muslim populations, Islamic spirituality was found to be fundamental. The psychological well-being of Filipino Muslims is thus contingent upon access to said spirituality. It is not compulsory that social workers endorse client belief systems, but they should acknowledge such systems as critical to the client's frame of reference as in the case of Juvy. • Applications: Toward the end of her first semester at a Christian college, Juvy became increasingly overwhelmed with stress. The Islamic support system applied by the social worker resulted in a therapeutic experience which significantly reduced the client's level of stress. Thus, it is essential for social workers to become informed about Islamic spirituality vis-à-vis Filipinos and other Muslim clientele.


(57) Abstract The present invention relates to an array of solid forms of a substance such as a compound and a method for rapidly screening the same to identify and confirm a solid form having improved properties, particularly a drug. Such properties include improved bioavailability, solubility, stability, deliverability, and processing, processing and manufacturing characteristics. The present invention relates to a practical and cost-effective method for rapidly screening hundreds to thousands of samples in parallel. The present invention further provides a method for identifying the conditions and / or range of conditions necessary to produce crystals having a desired composition, particle size, crystal habit or polymorph morphology. In yet another aspect, the invention provides a high-throughput method for identifying a set of conditions and / or component compositions that are compatible with a particular solid form, for example, conditions and / or components that are compatible with a particular beneficial polymorph of a pharmaceutical. provide.


BACKGROUND
Successful periodontal therapy can lead to poor esthetic results, especially in the anterior region, for which there are treatment options such as direct composite or indirect veneer restorations. Until now there are no data describing the long-term results of veneer restorations in periodontally treated patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcome of anterior porcelain veneer restorations in periodontally compromised and non-compromised patients.

METHODS
Periodontally healthy and periodontally compromised patients, who had received anterior veneer restorations at least five years ago, were invited to a follow-up examination. Groups were divided according to their periodontal diagnosis (periodontally healthy, stage I/II, stage III/IV). Tooth loss, veneer loss, biologic parameters and complication rates were examined. Also, veneers were evaluated according to modified USPHS criteria.

RESULTS
68 patients with 312 veneers were examined with a mean follow-up time of 8 years. Veneered teeth in patients with periodontitis stage III/IV showed no difference regarding tooth, overall and functional veneer survival when compared to periodontally healthy patients (Kaplan-Meier analyses). In Cox regression analysis, follow-up time had an impact on complications and veneer loss, whereas periodontal diagnosis showed no significant influence on the survival of restorations. Comparative tests showed that patients with severe periodontitis at baseline have slightly lower veneer survival rates after 8 years and slightly higher complication rates after 13 years.

CONCLUSION
Long-term results and complication rates of veneer restorations in periodontally compromised patients are comparable to periodontally healthy patients over a mean follow-up of 8 years.

SUMMARY
Long-term results and complication rates of veneer restorations in stable periodontally compromised patients are comparable to periodontally healthy patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


We propose Joint MLP/Attention (JoMA) dynamics, a novel mathematical framework to understand the training procedure of multilayer Transformer architectures. This is achieved by integrating out the self-attention layer in Transformers, producing a modified dynamics of MLP layers only. JoMA removes unrealistic assumptions in previous analysis (e.g., lack of residual connection) and predicts that the attention first becomes sparse (to learn salient tokens), then dense (to learn less salient tokens) in the presence of nonlinear activations, while in the linear case, it is consistent with existing works that show attention becomes sparse over time. We leverage JoMA to qualitatively explains how tokens are combined to form hierarchies in multilayer Transformers, when the input tokens are generated by a latent hierarchical generative model. Experiments on models trained from real-world dataset (Wikitext2/Wikitext103) and various pre-trained models (OPT, Pythia) verify our theoretical findings.


Energy pathways between the αR, β′, C  7eq , and β‐regions of the conformational energy surface of N‐acetyl‐N′‐methylalanyl amide were obtained by SCF ab initio calculations on the 4‐21G level, with gradient geometry optimization at each point. The calculations indicate that no barrier exists at this computational level between αR and β′. The variation of geometry (bond distances and bond angles) with conformation is analyzed in detail, and the most important geometrical parameters that should be treated as variables in both empirical energy calculations and in the fitting of polypeptide chains in proteins by x‐ray methods are identified. In addition to the ϕ,ψ correlation discussed previously for the helical state, a correlation of these dihedral angles in the β‐region is described.


In order to make full use of the diversity of sample information in the tracking process and improve the generalization ability of the tracker, this paper integrates the object model prediction results on the basis of the Staple algorithm, and applies weighted bands to the simple linearity of different predictive response results in the algorithm. To the uncertainties, a new adaptive response factor graph fusion method with weight coefficients is proposed, which effectively improves the reliability of the video target tracking algorithm. Theoretical analysis and experimental simulation show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and robust than the classical Staple algorithm, and it maintains high real-time performance.


Abstract Thrombophilia is a blood coagulation disorder, in which blood has an increased tendency to clot, with both arterial and venous localization, being responsible for multiple manifestations: secondary arterial hypertension, stroke, acute pancreatitis or intracardiac masses. We are presenting the case of a 21-year-old male patient, hypertensive, known with thrombophilia, who was sent for the echocardiographic evaluation of an intracardiac mass attached to the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve. The echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiogram showed a hyperechogenic, homogeneous intracardiac mass, attached to the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, the clinical context and the echocardiographic appearance being suggestive for a thrombus. Given the context of thrombophilia and the hypertension's characteristics, we considered a secondary form of hypertension, the incriminated mechanism being represented by microthrombosis in the renal arterial circulation. There were two complications in the evolution of the patient: stroke and the recurrent acute pancreatitis, both being explained in the context of thrombophilia. The discharge echocardiography showed a favorable evolution, with a complete resolution of the thrombus under the anticoagulant treatment.


The article presents of information dedicated to providing Web-based CAD design engineering, describing subsystem registration and access control methods and CAD users access to distributed databases Web-based CAD.


The stress associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic significantly affects people's lives, especially older adults. The present study aimed to identify risk factors leading to the perceived stress associated with COVID‐19 among the adults over 60 years old of Southern Iran.


This paper concentrates on the design of low cost microstrip patch antenna array for LTE application. Array is a bunch of identical antennas which is designed for enhancing the gain and also directivity in the particular application. LTE is the communication standard for the transfer of data in a higher speed. MIMO technology is the basic for designing an antenna array for LTE application. Variety of antennas is used for the exchange of data but choosing an antenna for the communication must possess small structure with less cost. The patch antenna offers a very low cost and also very simple for construction of an array


THIS particularly rare condition is known in America as "Tay-Sachs Disease." It was first reported in England by Mr. Waren Tay who, in 1881, published an article (Tr. Ophth. Society of the United Kingdom, 1881) describing "symmetrical changes in the region of the yellow spot in each eye of an infant"; while to Dr. B. Sachs, of New York, belongs the credit of recognizing the disease and naming it amaurotic family idiocy. In 1896 he had studied and reported upon some nineteen cases. The disease is "characterized by an entire laek of mental development, a progressive weakness of all the muscles of the body and a rapidly developing blindness, with typical changes in the macula lutea. The disease is generally fatal, the patient dying as a rule before the end of the second year of life." Etiology.-Nothing is definitely known regarding the etiology of the disease. Syphilis is not an etiological factor. The symptoms, however, of syphilitic cerebral disease may very closely simulate this affection. No determinable predisposing causes such as mental derangement of the parents, injury to the mother during pregnancy, etc. can be proven to have a direct bearing on the disease. That it almost exclusively occurs among the children of Jewish parentage is very apparent. Carter was the first to notice this racial predisposition, namely :-that the disease occurred, and that all the cases reported up to that time were among Hebrews. To further support this contention, Sachs' states that "even up to the present day not a single indubitable case has occurred among any other people. "* A. Greig Anderson2 writes "that the condition occurs exclusively in Jews. "Porter and Carter3 further support this opinion by saying that "up to the present (1923) no authentic case has been reported which has


4-(2′-piperidyl)butanediol-1,2 (IX) and some of its nitrogen-substituted derivatives were synthesized. These diols are subjected to a dehydrogenating degradation by means of lead tetraacetate. From IX is formed through this treatment, besides the formaldehyde to be expected, β-(2-piperidyl)-propanal (I), a substance which, however, appeared to be unstable and could not be isolated as such. Dehydrogenating degradation of the N-acetyl derivative, of the N-benzoyl derivative or of the urethane of IX gives rise to the corresponding nitrogen-substituted derivatives of I, which were previously obtained by Spielman et al. by a different route.


Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Contributions: (I) Conception and design: O Poirier, N Ray, R Ruiz de Castañeda, I Bolon; (II) Administrative support: N Ray; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: None; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: O Poirier; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: O Poirier, N Ray; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Prof. Nicolas Ray. Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com.


This paper examines a synchronized path following control design problem for a collection of homogenous, minimum phase, linear time-invariant systems assigned closed curves in their output space. In the first part of the paper we define a path following normal form for LTI systems. We isolate the role that the zero dynamics play in determining the feasibility of using the path following normal form for control design. In the second part of the paper we leverage recent results from the literature on synchronizing LTI systems to develop synchronizing controllers. The main result is a distributed feedback law that drives all the agents to their respective paths and ensures path invariance while simultaneously synchronizing their positions along the path. Laboratory results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


[Objective]To survey the status of elder people's sleep disorders in 22 provinces and explore related influencing factors so as to provide basis for effective interventions.[Methods] Elderly people in 22 provinces were evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) according to proportion of men and women, urban and rural areas stratified sampling method.[Results] Totally 2 102 valid questionnaires were reclaimed and the average score for PSQI was (7.19±3.84); among them, 1 048 had sleep disorders, the incidence rate was 49.9%.The first five related factors were physical condition, considering things before sleeping, considering how to fall asleep before sleeping, illness condition, differences between the north and the south (P﹤0.01 or P﹤0.05).[Conclusion] Sleep quality of elderly people is often poor and the related influenc-ing factors are various.


An improved multi-plane imaging fusion algorithm for 3-D digital holography is presented. Multiple reconstructed images at different distances from single off-axis Fresnel digital hologram are fused using discrete cosine transform (DCT) with different blocks. The zero order term is removed using a Laplacian operator while the conjugate image and dispersed images of defocused objects are eliminated by selecting a simple rectangular window before image fusion. Compared with those fused images obtained directly from the reconstructed images, the fused images qualities are greatly improved and all of the objects will be clearly in focus more quickly than discrete wavelet (DWT) based fusion method.


In this paper, this proposed stacked parasitic patch is presented for 3.5 GHz MIMO antenna mobile application. The parasitic patch is placed on top of the radiator patch. The MIMO antenna is composed of four rectangular antenna elements on a compact size of FR 4 with a $\mathbf{156\ x\ 40} \mathbf{mm}^{2}$ and total thickness of the stacked MIMO antenna is 3.84 mm. The presence of parasitic patch contributes to improve the performance of MIMO antenna with low mutual coupling including impedance bandwidth, VSWR and S-parameter. There is a 42.57% improvement of impedance bandwidth through 3.3949 GHz to 3.7214 GHz (326.5MHz). VSWR values less than 2 along impedance bandwidth spectrum and the lowest VSWR is 1.11 at 3.5 GHz. In addition, this proposed stacked MIMO antenna also has good ECC (less than 0.02) and diversity gain (more than 9.98) at an operating frequency of 3.5 GHz.


SUBTITLE: ACCORDING TO ALEXANDER A. ALTSHOULLER, DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE ST PETERSBURG-BASED FREIGHT FORWARDER MODUL, OPERATIONS AT THE RUSSIAN PORT ARE IMPROVING.


Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired reciprocal social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviors. Autism seems to affect more children than was previously believed, although this phenomenon may be due to broadening of the diagnostic criteria and increased awareness of the condition. Recent research has clearly indicated the importance of early identification, since early intensive treatment is associated with better long-term outcome. There are many controversies and competing theories about the etiology and treatment of autism, often leaving families confused about the best course of treatment and intervention. Pediatric primary health care clinicians have an important role in both the early identification and ongoing management of children with autism. It is, therefore, essential that primary care clinicians have up-to-date information about the science of autism.


Abstract. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that carefully analyzes the poetry anthology of Nyanyian Akar Rumput by Wiji Tukul. The purpose of this study was to describe the form of vocabulary, grammar, and text structure of anti-capitalism in Wiji Tukul's poetry anthology Nyanyian Roots and its contribution to poetry learning in SMA Class X. The instrument of this research was research worksheets and researchers. The data of this research are in the form of words, expressions, phrases and clauses that contain anti-capitalism, while the data source used is the anthology of poetry Nyanyian Akar Rumput by Wiji Tukul. Data collection techniques are reading, documentation, and note-taking methods. Data were analyzed through data collection, data processing, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the analysis show that (1) aspects of vocabulary that contain elements of anti-capitalism include the use of synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, euphemistic expressions, formal vocabulary, expressive values, and metaphors. These aspects can be used as a medium for learning poetry in high school class X; (2) grammatical aspects that contain elements of anti-capitalism in the form of agents, numbers, declarative models, grammatical questions, and our relational modalities. These aspects can be used as a medium for learning poetry in high school class X; and (3) aspects of the structure of the text that contain elements of anti-capitalism including one-way communication, interruptions, and formulations. These aspects can be used as a medium for learning poetry in high school class X. Keywords: Anti-capitalism, Poetry, Vocabulary, Grammar, Text Structure


An experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, to observe the effect of different levels of nitrogen and sulphur on growth, yield, yield contributing characters and protein content in seed of mustard (SAU Sharisha-1). The experiment consists of four levels of nitrogen i.e. fertilizer treatments consisted of 4 levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha−1 designated as N0, N1, N2 and N3, respectively) and 4 levels of sulphur (0, 8, 16 and 24 kg S ha−1 designated as S0, S1, S2 and S3 respectively). The experiment was laid out in the two factors RCBD with three replications. The plant height, the number of branches plant−1, the number of siliqua plant−1, seed and shoot yield increased with increasing N level up to 80 kg N ha−1. Further increasing in N level i.e. 120 kg N ha−1 had a negative effect on seed yield. On the other hand, with increasing S levels plant height, slilqua plant−1, 1000 seed weight increased significantly up to 16 kg S ha−1. However, the number of branches plant−1 and seed yield and shoot yield increased up to the highest dose of S (24 kg S ha−1). Considering the combined effect of N and S, the treatment combination N2S3 produced the maximum seed yield (1738 kg ha−1). Protein content increased from 19.38% to 21.81% as S rate was increased from 0 to 16 kg ha−1. The highest N level resulted in the highest values for protein (22.31%).


The invention belongs to the technology of plane environment control, and relates to the improvement of a method for determining a control parameter of a digital controller of a cabin pressure control system. The method for determining the control parameter of the digital controller of the cabin pressure control system is characterized by including the following steps that a testing device is connected, a quick change area of an exhaust valve under a typical airport environment is determined, the minimum value in the H1 and H2 is selected, and the parameter and the parameter action range of the digital controller are determined. By means of the method for determining the control parameter of the digital controller of the cabin pressure control system, the phenomenon of 'swelling' in the rapid climbing process of a plane is removed, and the comfort of flight personnel and passengers is improved.


We have observed simultaneously the 1.3 cm continuum and H2O maser emission toward the core of the star-forming region NGC 2071 using the Very Large Array in its A configuration. Two 1.3 cm continuum sources have been detected in the region, coinciding with the infrared sources IRS 1 and IRS 3, respectively. The radio emission in IRS 3 is consistent with an ionized thermal bipolar radio jet. Two clusters of H2O maser spots are detected, one associated with IRS 1 (22 spots) and the other one associated with IRS 3 (13 spots). The H2O maser distribution in IRS 1 seems to be tracing at scales of 300 AU the larger scale H2 outflow observed at a few thousands of AU from the exciting source. On the other hand, the H2O masers in IRS 3 are distributed as an apparent disk of ≃0.″05 (≃20 AU) radius, oriented almost perpendicular to the major axis of the radio jet. There is a clear velocity gradient (≃0.35 km s-1 AU-1) along the major axis of the H2O maser distribution, which can be gravitationally bound by a central mass of ≃1 M☉. These results, together with the low-mass and early evolutionary stage of IRS 3, suggest that masers around this source are tracing a rotating proto-planetary disk within a proto-solar-like system. This represents direct kinematic evidence of the smallest rotating circumstellar disk ever observed around a young stellar object (YSO). We discuss the dichotomy of H2O masers tracing either outflows or disks around YSOs, based on the evolutionary scheme proposed in our earlier work. We suggested that systems in which H2O masers trace disks are less evolved than those in which masers trace outflows. In this scheme, IRS 3 would then represent a relatively less evolved object than IRS 1. This prediction is consistent with independent infrared observations showing that IRS 3 is at an earlier phase of evolution.


Objective To observe the effect of different therapies on rehabilitation training of low vision children.Methods A total of 101 children(202 eyes) with hyperopic low vision was divided into two groups.Children in group A(49 cases,98 eyes) were treated with aditional therapy of rehabilitation apparatus(Taiwen) and those in group B(52 cases,104 eyes) with coeventional complex regime for three months.The efficacies of two groups were observed and analyzed.Results The average visual acuity and off blind probability of group A were higher than those of group B(P0.01 and P0.05).The far point of group A was (114.36±50.93) cm,which was higher than (82.33±32.36) cm of group B (P0.01).Conclusion Treating chidren with hyperopic low vision with rehabilitation apparatus can improve the regulating function of eye muscles,which makes near point nearer and far point farer.


This paper based on the experience of embryo transplantation of sheep for many years.The factors which influences the sheep embryo transplantation result were analyzed and discussed.The factors were selection of the donor and recipient、breed、 age、order、weight、body conditions、superovulation scheme、artificial insemination、embryos collection、transplantation、raising management.


Comparing 148 countries' z-scores resulting with the Factoring Analysis, the paper verifies that a big gap still exists between China and other advanced countries based on 6 average indicators calculated from CIA statistics in transportation, although China's infrastructure has been considerably improving in both quality and quantity in the past three decades. As a result, the paper advises that keeping increasing the investment in traffic is necessary, particularly in the current situation that Chinese economy is in a depression.


ABSTRACT Neogastroplites cornutus wilderensis new subspecies is described which shows large smooth adult discs concealing tuberculate inner whorls. Neogastroplites maclearni Reeside and Cobban is illustrated from Cadomin, Alberta. The occurrences of Neogastroplites spp. within the Goodrich and Sikanni Formations are discussed.


Time‐resolved fluorescence and phosphorescence study of hypericin (Hyp) in complex with low‐density lipoproteins (LDL) as well as the evolution of singlet oxygen formation and annihilation after illumination of Hyp/LDL complexes at room temperature are presented in this work. The observed shortening of the fluorescence lifetime of Hyp at high Hyp/LDL molar ratios (>25:1) proves the self‐quenching of the excited singlet state of monomeric Hyp at these concentration ratios. The very short lifetime (∼0.5 ns) of Hyp fluorescence at very high Hyp/LDL ratios (>150:1) suggests that at high local Hyp concentration inside LDL molecules fast and ultrafast nonradiative decay processes from excited singlet state of Hyp become more important. Contrary to the lifetime of the singlet excited state, the lifetime (its shorter component) of Hyp phosphorescence is not dependent on Hyp/LDL ratio in the studied concentration range. The amount of singlet oxygen produced as well as the integral intensity of Hyp phosphorescence after illumination of Hyp/LDL complexes resemble the dependence of the concentration of molecules of Hyp in monomeric state on Hyp/LDL until a concentration ratio of 60:1. This fact confirms that only monomeric Hyp is able to produce the excited triplet state of Hyp, which in aerobic conditions leads to singlet oxygen production. The value of singlet oxygen lifetime (∼8 μs) after its formation from the excited triplet state of Hyp in LDL proves that molecules of singlet oxygen remain for a certain period of time inside LDL particles and are not immediately released to the aqueous surrounding. That Hyp exists in the complex with LDL in the monodeprotonated state is also demonstrated.


Alkali-activated slag is a material which has great potential for use in industrial applications. The main drawback of this material is the high level of autogenous and especially drying shrinkage that affects it, causing the deterioration of its mechanical properties. Mechanical and mechanical fracture parameter values show that an alkali-activated slag composite which is saturated with water is more brittle and exhibits lower strength in comparison with the same material after being surface-dried. These results are essential for the adjustment of testing conditions in order to obtain accurate and reproducible results.


The Deep Web consists of those structured data that are available as dynamically generated pages, typically requested through HTML forms. Deep Web pages cannot be indexed by search engines, and are notoriously difficult to query and integrate due to the limited access that they offer. We propose a novel framework for integrating Deep Web sources by means of a mediated schema that represent the underlying, distributed sources. Our goal is to compute answers to queries posed on the mediated schema. To this aim, we propose the use of techniques from the area of Distributed Information Retrieval. We discuss a novel approach to automated sampling, size estimation and selection of Deep Web sources, as well as a technique for merging result lists.


The essay explores the problem of method in the aesthetics of the modern Serbian philosopher Sreten Petrovic. The basic methodological problem of contemporary aesthetics lies in the question: whether the aesthetics philosophical or scientific discipline? The intention of the essay is that to show that Petrovic methodological concept of meta-aesthetic skepticism can be seen as overcoming the distinction between scientific and philosophical approaches in the field of aesthetics.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a font matching method and a device. The method comprises the steps: acquiring font data displayed by a current application, comparing the acquired font data displayed by the current application with preset system font data, amplifying a font corresponding to the font data when a comparison result satisfies a preset amplification trigger condition, and displaying the font of the current application according to the amplified font, thereby avoiding the problem of influencing attractiveness of an attractive due to the too small fonts on the application interface in a system, reducing the font corresponding to the font data when the comparison result satisfies a preset reduction trigger condition and displaying the current font according to the reduced font, thereby avoiding the problem of incomplete displaying due to the too large font on the application interface in the system. The method enables to display the font in the application interface correctly, and solves the problems that a configuration table is required to be updated every time a game is updated, the font cannot be adapted automatically, and the possibility of missed testing of a font library and incomplete testing is very high in the prior art.


In order to find some efficient ways to reduce the investment pressure of China's insurance business(I.B.),while at the same time analyze the way in which China's Internet technology(I.T.) domain is dealing with the bottleneck problem in growth funds,factor analysis and harmony analysis were both used in studying related counter measures for the venture capital which the I.B.might invest in the I.T.industry.These measures included capital safety,management modes,and capital exit.In the process of factor analysis,there were three main factors: confirmed factors,unconfirmed factors,and venture factors.In the process of harmony analysis,two levels of balance systems were designed;one was the harmony analysis circle system,which is used to judge the success of the project,and the other was the harmony analysis support system,which can calculate the capacity of the three main factors sustaining financing.


Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of local rubella in order to provide more scientific basis for establishing rubella-control strategy.Methods The epidemiologic data of 158 patients with rubella in our hospital from October 2006 to June 2007 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method.Results The ages of most patients were from 14 to 26,especially from 18 to 22(54.43%);in the winter and spring,rubella easily occurred in the students,staffs and migrant workers.3.8% of the patients had a rubella vaccine inoculation;58.86% of them contacted the patients of rubella.Conclusion The high susceptibility of teenage to rubella may come from the low inoculation rate,crowded studying and working circumstance and cross infection in medical institute.So the major control strategies of rubella include improving inoculation system of rubella vaccine,spreading antibody of rubella detection system and strengthening disinfection and isolation in medical institute.


Sir, We read with great interest the comments by M. El-Orbany (1) regarding our article on the effects of ephedrine on intubating conditions after priming with rocuronium (2). We agree with the author that from a clinical prospective there is no evidence supporting laryngoscopy and intubation 30 s after muscle relaxant administration. Indeed this was not the aim of our study. The intent of our study was rather to investigate the synergism between priming and ephedrine. As previously demonstrated by Pino et al. (3), when comparing intubating conditions at 90 s after different doses of rocuronium, 40% of patients had clinically acceptable intubating conditions after 0.45 mg/kg rocuronium, whereas the percentage was raised to 72% after 0.6 mg/kg, and it is only after 1.2 mg/kg that excellent/good intubating conditions raised to 100%. It was with the intent of enhancing the effects of ephedrine on priming and thereby assuring clinically detectable differences among groups that we reduced the total dose of rocuronium to 0.44 mg/kg (0.04 mg/kg priming dose þ 0.4 mg/kg induction dose) and started laryngoscopy 30 s thereafter. Although we did not directly investigate the mechanisms (i.e. synaptic cleft receptor occupancy in time by rocuronium), our protocol probably resulted in a low rate of cholinoceptors occupancy at the neuromuscular junction and therefore in similar intubating conditions between the priming and the control group. Likewise the addition of ephedrine to a low dose of rocuronium (0.44 mg/kg) in the absence of priming was insufficient to raise receptor occupancy to a clinical detectable level, while the association of ephedrine and priming resulted in a synergistic improvement in intubating conditions. Our hypothesis is that the subclinical receptor occupancy obtained with the priming dose, together with the accelerated speed of delivery to the synaptic cleft of the remaining dose of rocuronium after ephedrine administration, results in a rate of occupancy sufficient to exert clinical effects at 30 s. To the contrary, this was not the case with priming or ephedrine alone. Similar results were observed with the association of an induction agent that does not reduce cardiac output and therefore muscle blood flow (i.e. ketamine) and priming with rocuronium (4). As El-Oburnay pointed out, studies have suggested that intubation could be performed without the help of a muscle relaxant; however, satisfactory intubating conditions are not reliably obtained in all patients. When intubating conditions after 0.5 mg/ kg/min remifentanil and 2 mg/kg propofol without muscle relaxant have been compared with those obtained with the addition of different doses of rocuronium, intubating conditions were clinically unacceptable in 40% of patients in the group without rocuronium (5). Interestingly the rate of good or excellent intubating conditions did not differ significantly after 0.3, 0.45 or 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium (5). Moreover, the association of induction agents such as propofol with remifentanil induces a dose-related cardiovascular depression even in healthy patients (6). It is reasonable to suppose that the results observed at 30 s would be magnified after 60 s allowing excellent intubating conditions in all patients. As stated in our article (2), the principle we studied requires further investigation before becoming a model of possible clinical appeal. However, we strongly believe that a better understanding of the effects of muscle relaxants has important implications that translate in clinical practice.


Following the monodromy technique performed by Motl and Neitzke, we consider the analytic determination of the highly damped (asymptotic) quasi-normal modes of small Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black holes. We comment the result as compared to the recent numerical data of Konoplya and Zhidenko.


the recovery and outcomes TBI in early childhood is not well understood. We aimed to determine survival and functional outcome in pediatric TBI patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Our primary to determine patient outcome at 3 months following discharge from hospital, with secondary objective characterization of factors which may affect outcome, to determine patient outcome at discharge from hospital, length of ICU, and hospital stay. Materials and Methods: We evaluat-ed 50 children (1–10 years of admitted to our ICU with TBI. Probable predictors of outcome were abstracted, includ-ing Pediatric Trauma Score, clinical variables, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, computed tomography evidence of brain injury, and hospital course. Patient outcome was determined using modified Rankin scale at the time of discharge from A0012 Variability Background: Prone position is commonly used for spine surgery. This study was designed to investigate the ef-fects of prone position on the accuracy of pleth variability index (PVI) to predict fluid responsiveness and to correlate the changes in stroke volume variation (SVV) with PVI in prone position. Materials and Methods: After Institutional Ethics Committee approval, 51 adults of either gender, aged 18–65 years, ASA status I-II, undergoing elective spine surgery in prone position were included. Heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume index (SVI), SVV, CI, perfusion index (PI), and PVI were recorded before and after volume ex-pansion with 500 mL of hetastarch 6% given twice; in supine and after prone position. A Masimo pulse oximeter probe with a Radical-7 monitor and a Vigileo monitor with an in-terface FloTrac transducer


Object of the present invention to provide a device can be compared with the conventional high power, the light emitting device and a method for manufacturing a high-output characteristics of the device and to improve heat dissipation and high reliability of the lighting device. The light emitting device of the present invention is characterized in that: a ceramic member (1), a light emitting element (2), the translucent member (4) and the metal member (5), with the adhesive bonding the ceramic members to each other (1) the translucent member (4) and a ceramic member (1) and the metal member (5), which adhesive is configured to exhibit flexibility of the hot melt adhesive material in the cured state (6), a ceramic member (1 ) h having pores at least on a surface portion of the adhesive supply region while the hot-melt material (6) immersed in the pores in h.


Background: early detection of perinatal anxiety using appropriate measures helps in reducing maternal and fetal complication. WHO guidelines for instrument translation and adaptation provide rigor and transparent method for Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) translation and expand the knowledge in diversity cultural contexts. Aim: to describe the process of cultural adaptation of the PASS into the Jordanian context based on the WHO framework for instrument translation and adaptation. Methods: PASS was completed by a convenience sample of 31 pregnant women. In which PASS went through WHO framework for instrument translation and adaptation process includes forward translation, expert panel, blind back translation, pre testing and cognitive interview, and the final version is ready for piloting. Some comments were added to three items by five expert panel, then the modified version was ready for piloting. Result: the internal consistency reliability of PASS was 0.869 and five experts who reviewed PASS confirmed the scale appropriateness and clarity after a slight modification to three items. Participants found PASS in general easy to complete but some of them found difficulties in understanding two items located in the Perfectionism, control and trauma subscale where they need an explanation of their meaning to answer them. Conclusion: using WHO guidelines for instruments translation considered a rigorous method and revealed that PASS is reliable and valid tool to be used within the Jordanian context to measure perinatal anxiety. However, the focus on explaining items 11 and 14 to participants is important due to difficulty in understanding their meaning.


...................................................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................... vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. x LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................xii LIST OF TABLES AND APPENDICES ........................................................................xiii


SUMMARY Analysis of political settlements has emerged from the shadows of new institutionalism and moved to the epicentre of political economy analysis across Africa. This debate takes on the framework by scrutinising its applicability to the politics of oil through the combined lens of critical political economy and contentious politics. It argues that contrary to the postulations of strategic elite bargains by political settlement researchers, Africa's oil landscape is marked by pluralistic politics and contestations at multiple scales.


A study conducted in the summers of 1997–1998 and 1998–1999 in Canterbury, New Zealand, revealed that just under one-third of the Listronotus bonariensis larval population was present in the ryegrass pasture thatch. Hitherto it had been assumed that a much smaller proportion of larvae existed in the thatch, typically in transit from tiller to tiller. Overall, neonate (non-feeding) first-instar larvae comprised 45% of the total larvae extracted from the tillers, whereas they made up only 8% of all the larvae extracted from the thatch. Conversely, 18% of the total fourth-instar larvae were extracted from the tillers compared with 27% from the thatch. The frequencies of occurrence of the other instars in the tillers and thatch were intermediate between the neonate first-instar larvae extremes. The lack of fit of the larval data to a simple ordinal categorical model indicated larval movement into the thatch after the first instar and net migration out of the thatch as late instars. A technique is presented whereby tiller and thatch larval populations can be extracted simultaneously. It is suggested that on the basis of this study, earlier L. bonariensis larval population data sets could be corrected to account for the thatch populations of larvae.


One of two constructive procedures for universal single transition time (STT) state assignments presented in the paper [1] by Friedman et al. is not correct. A correct constructive procedure can be obtained by simply modifying the procedure of the literature with an additional restriction.


An innovative Y-shape power divider (PWD) model is established based on the Kron-Branin formalism. The equivalent topology of Y-PWD is elaborated by considering the constituting elements of classical transmission line (TL). The S-parameter theoretical model is applied to single-input two-output (1:2) unequal Y-PWD. The unequal level of the outputs is controlled with output quarter wavelength branch characteristic impedances. The modelling concept feasibility is validated with a microstrip Y-PWD operating at about 2.45 GHz. The calculated and simulated S-parameters are in good agreement.


The study is introduced ultrasonic technique mechanism ,and probes into the application that the technique is utilized in the high concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater. The influences of pH value, concentration of NH+_4-N, air stripping and irradiation time of ultrasonic wave on the degradation for NH+_4-N are investigated respectively. The result indicates that he removal rate of NH+_4-N reaches 97.64% and meets wastewater discharge's standard, under the condition of the wastewater when pH value is 11, pH,the rate of air to water is 800 ∶1 and the irradiation time is 2 h.


Objective: To estimate the US insured annual and 5-year multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence using a large-scale national insurance dataset from 2008-2012.
Background: Prior estimates of MS prevalence vary from 0.06[percnt] to 0.21[percnt] in the United States (US), but are mainly regional or subpopulations that are not necessarily representative of the US.
Design/Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis using PharMetrics Plus™, a nationwide database of healthcare utilization claims for over 42 million covered lives per year with demographics that mirror the US. Annual point prevalence (5-year prevalence from 2008-2012) required insurance eligibility during the entire year (5 years) for inclusion. MS identification algorithms were: (1) one International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) 340 claim during the time period; and (2) one ICD-9 340 claim plus one MS-indicated disease modifying therapy claim OR two ICD-9 340 claims during the time period. Age-adjusted annual prevalence estimates were extrapolated to the US population using US Census data.
Results: In 2012, 41,750 MS cases (algorithm 1) or 34,137 cases (algorithm 2) were identified. The 2012 algorithm 1 prevalence for MS was 0.199[percnt] (95[percnt] confidence interval: 0.197[percnt]; 0.200[percnt]) and algorithm 2 was 0.162[percnt] (0.161[percnt]; 0.164[percnt]). Females were 3.14 times more likely to have MS. The 2012 annual prevalence for those younger than 20 years old was 0.008[percnt] whereas those 20 years and older was 0.217[percnt] (algorithm 2). Five-year prevalence was 0.388[percnt] (algorithm 1) or 0.276[percnt] (algorithm 2). The annual 2012 MS population in the US was estimated as N=551,770 (531,504; 572,035) (algorithm 1) or N=448,895 (428,219; 469,578) (algorithm 2).
Conclusions: MS prevalence rates from a representative insurance database were consistent with or higher than prior US estimates. Evidence is needed in validating MS identification algorithms as well as in US subpopulations including government insured or the uninsured.
Study Supported by: National Multiple Sclerosis Society Disclosure: Dr. Campbell has received personal compensation for activities with PEcon LLC as a consultant. Dr. Dilokthornsakul has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nair has received compensation from Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Biogen Idec as a consultant. Dr. Corboy has received personal compensation for activities with ProCE, Celgene, Teva, Novartis, and Biogen Idec. Dr. Valuck has nothing to disclose.


A preschool child presented with white reflex in left eye since 2 months. Examination under anaesthesia revealed left eye retinoblastoma group D as per international classification of retinoblastoma. In collaboration with medical oncologist, systemic chemotherapy was started. After two cycles of systemic chemotherapy, tumour ruptured into the vitreous cavity suspending the tumour cells in the vitreous jelly. After a combination of systemic and intravitreal chemotherapy with adjuvant transpupillary thermotherapy of the residual retinal tumour, retinoblastoma regressed completely with corresponding flat scar.


According to acculturation theories, members of immigrant second-generation minorities hold a broader cultural competence — a bicultural fluency — for living in two cultures, compared to members of the native majority who are mainly limited to the mainstream experience only. In this paper, we employ a new research method to acculturation research — the Imitation Game — to investigate this claim. Our case concerns second-generation Finnish Somalis and majority Finns. With a mixed-methods approach, we examine degrees of cultural competence among members of each group in their mutual interactions. Contrary to acculturation theories, the second-generation Finnish Somali cohort does not display greater bicultural fluency than the Finnish native majority. We show evidence of how cultural fragmentation among the Finnish Somalis and the prevailing social distance between them and majority Finns limit their chances of developing bicultural fluency. The result demonstrates partial sociocultural marginalization among the Finnish Somali second generation, and may indicate a higher risk of marginalization among second-generation immigrants than acculturation theories have suggested. This study presents the Imitation Game as a new way of outlining the sociocultural foundations of ethnic relations in the context of migration and integration, and pinpointing potential domains of social exclusion between or cultural division within groups.


The US Food and Drug Administration's decision to refuse to approve over the counter status for the emergency contraceptive Plan B (levonorgestrel) was flawed, unusual, and not standard FDA procedure. This is finding of a report by the Government Accountability Office, an independent investigative agency of the US Congress.

Two FDA officials resigned in protest over the denial ( BMJ 2005;331: 532, 861).

Forty eight senators and representatives …


The European Union (EU) has developed comprehensive policies in recent years to promote multilingualism. In this article, major EU policy statements on multilingualism are analyzed to demonstrate how their underlying language ideology produces paradox by both encouraging multilingualism and regulating its definition within the EU. The first section provides conceptual grounding regarding (1) language ideology as the basis for language regulation and language privilege and (2) paradox as a rhetorical trope. The second section provides a brief overview of official EU language policy. The third section examines five key statements of EU language policy and philosophy to demonstrate the nature of paradox as well as the underlying language ideology. The last section considers the multilingualism agenda since 2009, when the organizational arrangement for multilingualism policy and programs was changed in the EU. Recent reports from working groups dealing with multilingualism are discussed, as well as the current challenges facing the EU.


Coexistence and extinction for two species Volterra-Lotka competition systems with
nonlocal dispersal are investigated in this paper. Sufficient conditions in terms of diffusion, reproduction, self-limitation, and competition rates are established for existence, uniqueness, and stability of coexistence states as well as for the extinction of one species. The focus is on environments with hostile surroundings. In this case, our results correspond to those for random dispersal under Dirichlet boundary conditions. Similar results hold for environments with non-flux boundary and for periodic environments, which correspond to those for random dispersal under Neumann boundary conditions and periodic boundary conditions, respectively.


The impact echo method is effective in detecting concrete defects. It provides a means to determine the depth of defect beneath the test point. However, it is difficult to get an overall picture of the concrete interior by examining the results of numerous point-wise tests. This study proposes a 3D imaging method to depict the internal crack in concrete structures. To acquire the test data, a mesh is drawn on the surface of the concrete. Then, impact echo tests are performed at each grid of the mesh. The frequency-depth transform is applied to the Fourier spectrum to obtain the depth spectrum of the test signals. Finally, the volume rendering technique is adopted to construct the 3D image of the concrete interior using the Fourier depth spectra. Both numerical simulations and model tests are used to verify the proposed imaging method. It is seen that volume rendering technique can be used to detect the internal crack in the concrete specimen successfully.


An apparatus is described which permits the sampling of aerosols, gases, and vapors even at high flow rates (10 to 25 m/sec). The flow through the sampling inlet is maintained equal to that of the surrounding stream.


Layered intercalation compounds LiCo1‐xSnxO2 (x= 0 to 0.1) have been prepared using a simple combustion route method. X‐ray diffraction patterns and Laser Raman spectrum suggest that the synthesized materials had the R‐3m structure. Scanning electron images show that particles are well‐crystallized with a size distribution in the range of 50‐100 nm. The room temperature electrical conductivity of the sample increased with Sn content. For LiCo1‐xSnxO2(x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1), the first discharge capacity increased with increase in Sn content. Among these samples, LiCo0.95Sn0.05O2had produced the best performance of all others with a stable reversible capacity of 186 mAhg‐1 after 30 cycles. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


ABSTRACT: Regional development and industrialization patterns are investigated and related via regression analysis to water resource investments for the island of Puerto Rico. Although results of this study indicate such investments have little immediate or short-term impact, significant relationships and variations in regional responses appear over longer time periods. This is shown by applying a variation of Zellner's method of performing seemingly unrelated regressions jointly. By this method, subsets of parameter coefficients of specific economic variables were restricted across regional equations while unrestricted coefficients were interpreted as explaining systematic regional variations in response to public investment. Regional differences, obtained by using this method, are frequently neglected when simply examining the overall development process. Among the more interesting results in terms of policy implications is the apparent significant relationship, over the period considered, between changes in the distribution of income and the pattern of water resource development.


The article analyzes the system of court institutions operating in the Tambov Province in 1922-1928. The author investigates the ways of appointing for a post, staff and financial position of the body of justices of the Province, its educational and cultural level. The article involves the wide circle of sources, first of all, archive.


In the Army Huff worked with high explosives and talks of his experiences overseas. He heads a team "whites and colored together" that fires a salute over a veteran's grave at the family's request. He is active in various other veteran's activities. He talks about how the Burton Street Community has changed over the years.


Firn‐air and ambient air measurements of CHF3 (HFC‐23) from three excursions to Antarctica between 2001 and 2009 are used to construct a consistent Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric history. The results show atmospheric mixing ratios of HFC‐23 continuing to increase through 2008. Mean global emissions derived from this data for 2006–2008 are 13.5 ± 2 Gg/yr (200 ± 30 × 1012 gCO2‐equivalent/yr, or MtCO2‐eq./yr), ∼50% higher than the 8.7 ± 1 Gg/yr (130 ± 15 MtCO2‐eq./yr) derived for the 1990s. HFC‐23 emissions arise primarily from over‐fluorination of chloroform during HCFC‐22 production. The recent global emission increases are attributed to rapidly increasing HCFC‐22 production in developing countries since reported HFC‐23 emissions from developed countries decreased over this period. The emissions inferred here for developing countries during 2006–2008 averaged 11 ± 2 Gg/yr HFC‐23 (160 ± 30 MtCO2‐eq./yr) and are larger than the ∼6 Gg/yr of HFC‐23 destroyed in United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Clean Development Mechanism projects during 2007 and 2008.


In the existing literature about the watermanagement of the Northern Netherlands, the medieval period is often described as a homogenous starting point from which the responsible organisations (zijlvesten) evolved into their current forms. The purpose of this thesis is to elaborate on the medieval history of these organisations, especially concerning their development through time. With the help of a theoretical framework of rules designed by Brigitta Dolfing, I analysed four documents in which the rules of two of these zijlvesten were recorded. I concluded that the aim of the rules written down by these organisations did not change in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Furthermore, by comparing the situation in medieval Groningen with the situation in medieval Flanders and Holland, I formulated an explanation for this continuity. I concluded that the aim of the regulations of the two zijlvesten was to facilitate deliberation between the representatives of the smaller and older organisations, which constituted the zijlvesten. Based on the comparison between the zijlvesten and their counterparts in Holland and Flanders, I concluded that this continuity was partly the result of the fact that the large and powerful landowners remained concerned with the activities in the rural areas. Furthermore, the absence of a central form of government in the area in which we now call the province of Groningen, made the centralisation and empowerment of the zijlvesten impossible.


Data is a collection of facts and figures available in huge volume which needs to be organized into meaningful way to get useful information out of it. Data mining helps to get useful patterns out of big data. Healthcare field has wide scope for research since vast amount of unattended data is available which needs to be investigated for the benefit of human health. A big data related with heart disease can be investigated by applying different data mining techniques and come up with predictive model that will help patients to diagnose the disease at early stage. Most of the studies have stated that Decision Tree is an efficient technique to identify useful statistics out of available data. Accuracy of result set can be enhanced further using Genetic Algorithm in conjunction with data mining techniques. Real time dataset can help to understand the significant trends in heart disease which could play instrumental role in prediction of heart disease. The aim of study is to revise the existing findings, analyze and co-relate heart disease data, find better solution and minimize unwanted medical costs for heart disease diagnosis and save many lives in right time.


BURAAS, T. and SKINNES, H. 1984. Genetic investigations on seed dormancy in barley. —Hereditas 101:235–244. Lund, Sweden. ISSN 0018–0661.

In order to investigate the inheritance of seed dormancy in barley and to find how this character can be handled in selection, crosses were made between Scandinavian lines of barley with different levels of seed dormancy. Results from glasshouse, field and phytotron experiments revealed: (1) Seed dormancy is governed by several recessive genes, and is not affected by cytoplasmic factors. (2) The same genes are expressed through different parameters of seed dormancy. (3) No close associations between seed dormancy and other agronomic characters have been found. (4) The heritability of seed dormancy is high, even for single seeds of early segregating generations. (5) Maximum selection response is expected for late harvest stages combined with early recording stages.


The injection of fuels by tuyeres in the blast furnace is a used practice in most furnaces with the principal aim to reduce the coke consumption by ton of pig iron produced. The nature of these fuels is very diverse and depends on the resources of each country and of the fuel price. At this moment the coal injection (pulverized and granular) is the most extended practice, and the number of furnaces with facilities for coal injection increases continuously.


Nowadays vocational education in China is in transition situation from school-based education to the cooperation model between school and enterprise,which is faced with some problems.Take the German "dual system" as reference,the author tries to give advice in sight of curriculum development in order to push ahead level or quality of cooperation model between school and enterprise.


Physically crosslinked hydrogels with thixotropic properties attract considerable attention in the biomedical research field because their self-healing nature is useful in cell encapsulation, as injectable gels, and as bioinks for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Here, we report the formation of thixotropic hydrogels containing nanofibers of double-hydrophobic elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs). The hydrogels are obtained with the double-hydrophobic ELPs at 0.5 wt%, the concentration of which is an order of magnitude lower than those for previously reported ELP hydrogels. Although the kinetics of hydrogel formation is slower for the double-hydrophobic ELP with a cell-binding sequence, the storage moduli G′ of mature hydrogels are similar regardless of the presence of a cell-binding sequence. Reversible gel–sol transitions are demonstrated in step-strain rheological measurements. The degree of recovery of the storage modulus G′ after the removal of high shear stress is improved by chemical crosslinking of nanofibers when intermolecular crosslinking is successful. This work would provide deeper insight into the structure–property relationships of the self-assembling polypeptides and a better design strategy for hydrogels with desired viscoelastic properties.


NiTi shape memory alloy thin film sputter-deposited on a large scale silicon wafer was characterized by means of instrumented (depth-sensing) indentation technique. Thickness of deposited thin film was measured by calotest device. Microstructure of thin film was observed using differential interference (Nomarski) contrast. It was shown that the local mechanical properties are different in areas containing different phases (austenite and martensite) according to different deposition conditions (kinetic energy of deposited atoms when impacting the substrate surface).


After experiencing a period of spectacular growth during the late nineteenth century, the Egyptian cotton sector underwent a phase of stagnation between 1900 and 1914, which was followed by a gradual and steady increase in output during the interwar period. Drawing on a new panel dataset at the province-year level, we explore the determinants of the upturn in cotton output. First, we provide supporting evidence that peasants switched to lower-yielding cotton variety as a response to changes in relative prices. Second, our production function estimates show that two key factors had a positive impact on output growth: credit availability and intra-cotton shifts.


The dielectric constant of a classical fluid, composed of spherically symmetric molecules with dipole‐dipole interactions, is calculated by a method that leads to formulas previously derived by Yvon but is more direct and yields additional results. The relations of the formulas of Lorentz, Yvon, Kirkwood, and Bottcher to one another are clarified. An accurate calculation of the deviation from the Clausius‐Mosotti formula requires knowledge of molecular distribution functions of various orders, but an approximate calculation is possible on the basis of the radial distribution function alone. It is shown that the success of Bottcher's approximation is partly the result of an approximate cancellation of errors, and that a practically equivalent formula can be obtained by another method that lends itself more readily to improvement. The distinctive feature of the present calculation is the introduction of quantities pi(h), the mean moment of molecule i when the positions of it and of h−1 other molecules are s...


Few-shot object detection (FSOD) aims to classify and detect few images of novel categories. Existing meta-learning methods insufficiently exploit features between support and query images owing to structural limitations. We propose a hierarchical attention network with sequentially large receptive fields to fully exploit the query and support images. In addition, meta-learning does not distinguish the categories well because it determines whether the support and query images match. In other words, metric-based learning for classification is ineffective because it does not work directly. Thus, we propose a contrastive learning method called meta-contrastive learning, which directly helps achieve the purpose of the meta-learning strategy. Finally, we establish a new state-of-the-art network, by realizing significant margins. Our method brings 2.3, 1.0, 1.3, 3.4 and 2.4% AP improvements for 1-30 shots object detection on COCO dataset. Our code is available at: https://github.com/infinity7428/hANMCL