Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop the isolation method for curcuminoid from turmeric extract using boron mesoporous as an adsorbent. Methods: The formation of mesoporous materials were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (FTIR). The extraction of turmeric was done by solvent extraction using ethanol 96 method using mesoporous materials, both for curcuminoid-loaded mesoporous was conducted by visible spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatograp Results: Morphology of MCM and BMCM shows particle size (500-600 nm) compared to BMCM (700 nm). The FTIR spectra of BMCM shows the additional vibration at 1400 highest concentration of curcuminoid eluted from BMCM is curcuminoid eluted from MCM is 11.503±0.054 ethyl acetate is the best solvent to elute curcuminoid Conclusion: It was concluded that boron-silica based mesoporous showed therefore found to be a potential adsorbent for curcuminoid is usually limited to Several methods have been developed to obtain purer even pure compound of three different curcuminoid pressure solvent extraction and supercritical fluid Other studies have been reported for the separation and isolation of curcuminoid, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), chromatography (CC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), pressurized liquid extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction [ Another method that can be applied for curcuminoid isolation is using mesoporous material. o develop the isolation method for curcuminoid from turmeric extract using boron tion of mesoporous materials were conducted using the sol-gel technique. The characterization of mesoporous materials was scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier . The extraction of turmeric was done by solvent extraction using ethanol 96 %. The isolation of curcuminoid for silica-based mesoporous (MCM) and boron-silica based mesoporous (BMCM) aded mesoporous was conducted using various solvents. The concentration of total curcuminoid performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Morphology of MCM and BMCM shows the homogenous regular spherical shape, but having a different size. MCM has ompared to BMCM (700-900 nm). On the other hand, BMCM has a smaller pore size (1 The FTIR spectra of BMCM shows the additional vibration at 1400-1600 cm for B-O-H bond. Visible spectrometry eluted from BMCM is 65.411±0.056 ppm by using ethyl acetate as a solvent, while the concentration of 11.503±0.054 ppm by using the same solvent. The results of curcuminoid adsorption and elution curcuminoid due to its 98.83 % purity using HPLC analysis. ilica based mesoporous showed stronger curcuminoid adsorption than silica curcuminoid isolation from turmeric extract. the isolation method for curcuminoid from turmeric extract using boron-silica based gel technique. The characterization of mesoporous materials was and Fourier transforms infrared spectrometry curcuminoid was achieved by the adsorption silica based mesoporous (BMCM). The elution of curcuminoid and its compounds was measured different size.


The response of a heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) system is very sensitive to the laser spot position. The response is determined by transition characteristics like the center, curvature, and length. In this paper, by using the thermal Williams-Comstock model and the microtrack model, the effects of laser spot position on transition characteristics are investigated for both longitudinal and perpendicular recording from a read channel systems perspective. The general trend in their variation is determined and used to explain the resultant change in response. By simulation, we determine the post-Viterbi dominant error events for longitudinal HAMR system. Finally, we apply the well-known MTR codes to mitigate such errors and present their bit-error performance


We present a comparative study of the electronic band structures of the compounds CuMO2 M=B,Al,In,Ga which belong to the family of delafossite transparent conductive oxides. The theoretical approaches we use are the standard local-density approximation LDA to density-functional theory, LDA + U, hybrid functionals, and perturbative GW on top of LDA or self-consistent Coulomb hole plus screened exchange calculations. The latter approach, state-of-the-art theoretical approach for quasiparticle band structures, predicts direct band gaps that are compatible with experimental optical gaps only after including the strong polaronic and excitonic effects present in these materials. For what concerns the so-called band-gap anomaly of delafossite compounds, we find that GW approaches yield the same qualitative trends with increasing anion atomic number as the LDA: accounting for the oscillator strength at the absorption edge is the key to explain the experimental trend. None of the methods that we applied beyond the simple LDA is in agreement with the small indirect gaps found by many early experiments. This supports the recent view that the absorption bands identified as a sign of the indirect experimental gaps are likely due to defect states in the gap and are not a property of the pristine material.


Direct methanol oxidation catalysts Pt1-x-Tax (0<x<1) were prepared using co-sputter deposition. Characterization of these thin film catalysts was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Assessment of the methanol oxidation activity of Pt1-x-Tax catalysts were achieved through half-cell experiments. Among all the Pt1-x-Tax catalysts, Pt0.77-Ta0.23 catalyst showed the best electrochemical area specific activity which was comparable to platinum-ruthenium alloy on carbon (PtRu/C) catalysts. Pt1-x-Tax catalysts worked as bi-functional methanol oxidation catalysts. The surface oxides species activated water molecules and hence facilitated the process of removing carbon monoxide from the platinum sites. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of Pt0.77-Ta0.23 catalyst was tested at 60, 80 and 90 °C. The power density achieved at 90 °C was 82 mW/cm2/mg Pt, which was 1.82 times of PtRu/C catalyst with similar platinum loading.


Analyzing the stability of the power system by using a few machines is promising for transient stability assessment. A hybrid direct-time-domain method that is fully based on the thinking of partial energy function is proposed in this paper. During post-fault period, a pair of machines with high rotor speed difference is defined as couple machines, and the stability analysis of the system is transformed into that of several pairs of couple machines. Based on the prediction of power-angle curve of couple machines within a sampling window after fault clearing, the proposed method avoids the definition of Center of Inertia (COI) and it can also evaluate the stability margin of the system by using the predicted power-angle curve. Simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness in transient stability assessment.


Recent aggressive scientific and technological developments all these focus on a global environmental issue considering air quality system, reveals the fact that India is facing severe health hazards. In recent reports, more than 10 cities in India are listed on top. The air quality index (AQI) in India launched in 2014 under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan monitors air pollution on 10 scales ranging from low (green) to moderate (yellow) to serious (red) through data analysis of various air contaminating matters like pm 2.5, O3, NO2, SO2, CO. The present paper develops an Internet of Things (IoT) that enabled air quality monitoring system mobile in nature analyzing real-time surrounding data measuring Carbon Monoxide, Smoke and PM level. The system can measure local area air contamination and generate analyzed data based on which it alerts the people through a buzzer device integrated into the system. The user-friendly and easy handling of the system technology is such that it can be installed in houses and in small places.


In the vertical drain method, the discharge capacity is one of the most important factor which affect on the estimation of the drain efficiency. There arc various influential factors for tile discharge capacity such as area of flow channel, lateral pressure acting on the drain, bending or buckling of drain filter caused by the settlement, inter and/or outer clogging caused by fine grains, and the creep of filter, etc. However, exist test methods or devices for discharge capacity have not been considered these factors because they did not use clay as a surrounding material. Therefore, this study developed new test device considering more reasonable field condition, called composite discharge capacity(CDC) test device. Using this new test device, estimation of discharge capacity of plastic drain board and natural fiber drain was performed. Comparison and investigation of test results showed tile necessity of CDC test in tile estimation of reasonable discharge capacity for the design of vertical drain method.


BACKGROUND
Central airway obstruction (CAO) is defined as obstruction of trachea and principal bronchi. Therapeutic rigid bronchoscopy with tracheobronchial stenting using silicon stents is a well established procedure in the management of such conditions. However, there is limited experience with this technique in India.

METHODS
Between January 2010 and April 2010, Dumon stents were placed in four patients with CAO. Three patients had symptomatic tracheal stenosis while one patient had malignant obstruction at the carina. Rigid bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia was performed to relieve the CAO followed by placement of silicon stents. Pre- and post-stent placement symptom assessment was performed with a symptom-based visual analogue scale.

RESULTS
Four patients underwent silicon stent placement in the tracheobronchial tree. Three patients had benign post-intubation tracheal stenosis and one had malignant tracheal obstruction at carina due to endobronchial growth. Significant improvement was achieved in all patients. There were no significant complications.

CONCLUSIONS
Rigid bronchoscopy with silicon stent placement is an effective and suitable method of relieving the distressing symptoms due to benign or malignant airway obstruction.


The present invention relates to an information operating function of a terminal. Particularly, disclosed are an information operating method of the terminal and the configuration of the terminal supporting the same. The method includes the steps of: displaying a function screen of the terminal on a display unit; outputting function notification information according to a different function operation in the display of the function screen and function processing information for processing a function notification on the display unit to display the function screen.


The understory shrub Lindera benzoin L. experiences lower rates of herbivory in sun environments than in shade environments. The production of secondary metabolites (e.g., phenolic compounds with known plant defense proper- ties) is one likely contributor to these observed differences in herbivory. This work determined the total phenolic content as well as the concentrations of several individual phenolic acids in L. benzoin leaves found in sun and shade habitats. To- tal phenolic concentrations were determined to be higher in leaves from sun plants than in those from shade plants (47.5 ± 2.4 vs. 28.6 ± 1.3 gallic acid equivalents, respectively). High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detec- tion was used to separate and quantify several individual phenolic acids, and specific compounds were identified based on their retention times and ultraviolet spectra. The concentrations of vanillic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were shown to be statistically higher in leaves from sun plants than in those from shade plants (P < 0.05), whereas 2,5-dihydroxy- benzoic acid and caffeic acid were not significantly different in L. benzoin leaves from sun versus shade habitats.


t In this paper we examine two lattice Boltzmann methods (that are a derivative of lattice gas methods) for comput i ng solutions to two two-d i mensional nonlinear d i ffusion equations of the form where u = u ( £ , t), 2 E " R .' 2 ', v is a constant, and I) ( u ) is a nonlinear term that arises from a Chaplnan-I_,nskog asy t np t .o t , ic expansion. In particular, we provide conlpu t , ational ev-idence supporting recent resul t s sliowing tliar the methods are second order convergent (in the L i-norm), conservative, conditionally monotorm finite difference methods. Solutions computed via the lattice [_olt,zlnann methods are compared wi t ,h those colnpu t , ed by other explicit , se c ond order, conservative, inonotone finite differe t lce methods. |l.e-sults are reported for bo t h the L 1- and L c, 2 -1|orms.


We consider the well-known uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem (UMAHLP). Hub location problems are widely used to model and solve problems that arise from network telecommunications, transport networks, and delivery systems. Due to the high complexity of hub location problems, different approaches have been employed to develop efficient algorithms. We apply a modified Benders decomposition method for solving large UMAHLP instances exactly. Since the derived subproblems possess an inherent high degeneracy, the implementation of Benders method for UMAHLP usually suffers from slow convergence. We adapt an existing state-of-the-art method in the literature, and apply a novel method of accelerating this approach. This is performed with a view to addressing the slow convergence issues. Our approach improves the current best results by more appropriately choosing parameters for the accelerated Benders method. Furthermore, as observed in the literature, the exact solution of subproblems can add an extra complexity to the Benders approach for UMAHLP. We reformulate the subproblems and solve them more efficiently using a minimum cost network flow algorithm. Our computational results show that our acceleration procedures together with our different approach to solve subproblems are computationally efficient. According to our computational results, we are able to solve larger UMAHLP instances with up to 200 nodes in less than 2 hours. On average, our approach improves computational times of around two third of tested instances by 44% over current approaches. Also it requires around 10% fewer Benders iterations in our computational experiment.


In this paper, the principle of the variation of the vertical motion in the adjusting process of the thermal Wind is discussed by means of a simple two-layer baroclinic model. When the thermal wind vorticity in wind field is larger than that in temperature field, the ascending motion must accelerated, and vice versa.For the baroclinic system in the upper troposphere between 250 mb and 750 mb, the temperature field is adjusted towards wind field when the scale of the system is smaller than a critical scale L_0, and the reversed is true when the scale of the system is larger than L_0. This is demonstrated by calculated examples in which two horizontal scale are used. They are about 1000 km and 300 km respectively. In the former (1000 km), the adjustment is mainly towards the temperature field, and later is mainly towards the wind field.According to the contrast between the rate of the formation of the thermal wind and that of the destruction, we elucidate primarily the physical process of the formation of the quisi-geostrophic motion and non-geostrophic motion.Finally we applied the method proposed in present paper to examine the baroclinic instability of the long wave, and then clerify the vorticity mechanism of the baroclinic instability.


The aim of this research was to expose the phenomena within the Preschool Values Education Programme mentioned in animated cartoons which preschool children (aged 4-5) mostly watched. In the research, the animated cartoons mostly watched by 71 pre-school children in five kindergartens that are socioeconomically and culturally different in Tekirdag province were identified by asking them which animated cartoons they mostly watched. The animated cartoons mostly watched by preschool children were, respectively, Kral Şakir, Istanbul Muhafizlari, Ibi, Rafadan Tayfa, Ari Maya, Nilova, Masa ile Koca Ayi, and Vikingler. Data collection was carried out by document analysis from qualitative research methods. Five episodes from each animated cartoon were selected randomly and watched, the values found in a total of forty episodes were examined, and as a result, the values mostly reflecting "politeness", "greeting", "cooperation and solidarity", "affection", "preserving one's cultural heritage", "friendship", "courage", "cleanliness", "giving importance to family unity", "doing good deeds", "respect", and "tolerance and sensitivity" were identified in the research. The other values were found to be "responsibility", "integrity and honesty", "empathy", "diligence", "sharing", "hospitality", "health awareness", "optimism", "compassion and mercy", and "self-sacrifice." In this direction, although the values within values education which were examined in the animated cartoons were found to suit the Preschool Values Education Programme, repetition numbers of values within animated cartoons were found to be quite low.

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The influence of technique Two Stay Two Stray toward the outcome of social science (IPS) on the 4th grade student. The purpose of this research is to analized wether the use of technique Two Stay Two Stray toward the outcome of social science (IPS) on the 4th grade student. The method which used in this research is experimental method. The form of this experimental research is quasi experimental design. Based on the data analysis of final test average result control class 61,40 and post-test average experimental class 82,25, get the score thitung around 9,167 and ttabel (a = 5% ) around 1,997 which mean greater than table ( > ) ( 9,167 > 1,997 ) so, ha is accepted. And from the counting result of effect size (ES), acquired ES 1,87 ( high criteria ) this is mean cooperative learning technique Two Stay Two Stray give a high influence toward the outcome of social science ( IPS ) study on the 4th grade students of SDN 35 in south Pontianak.


A further coup d'etat in 1995 did nothing to improve the national economy, mismanagement and the national Ngazidja-dominated government's lack of sensitivity. It finally led to a declaration of independence instituted by the island of Ndzuani in 1997. An armed intervention to restore order was a disastrous failure, and following the death of president Taki a military government led by Azali Assoumani took over and negotiated an agreement between the islands that finally led to the establishment of a new structure – the Union of the Comoros – that was intended to guarantee the islands a degree of autonomy. A rotating presidency was largely symbolic and the political struggles of the early 21st century were personified by Ngazidja's Azali and Ndzuani's Sambi, the former, re-elected president, potentially for ten years, in 2019, becoming increasingly authoritarian. Meanwhile, Mayotte became a French department.


yond graduate studies in 2001. More problematically, Peto mischaracterizes the volume's substance and scope. She describes it as comprising ten "national" case studies, ignoring Alon Rachamimov's study of aristocratic Habsburg nurses tending prisoners of war from Austria-Hungary's multinational army. Readers of the review also would not know that the volume addresses both world wars. Peto deplores the volume's lack of discussion of masculinity, but that is in fact the subject of Maureen Healy's contribution and masculinity forms an integral part of Benjamin Frommer's chapter as well. Since the-reviewer firfds the "most painful" aspect of the book to be its relativist approach to the Holocaust, we encourage her to reread the introduction. The most painful aspect of Peto's review is her false assertion that Eliza Ablovatski's chapter on Hungary "does not use any original sources and is limited to sources available in English and an illustration taken from a web site in Argentina." A simple look at that chapter reveals primary sources in Hungarian as well as German. Reviewers can—and do—provide useful criticisms. The egregious errors made by this reviewer, many of which we have not even mentioned, are astonishing. Worst of all, her groundless and gratuitous attack on Ablovatski calls into question her professional judgment as a historian.


Objective: This present study sought to explore officially reported allegations of child sexual abuse made to the Christchurch Police Child Abuse Unit. Demographic details of the victim and alleged offender, case characteristics and the proportion of investigated cases that progressed to the court system were analysed. Method: The first sample consisted of all 125 reported allegations of child sexual abuse from 1st January 2004 to 28th July 2004 (7 months). The second sample consisted of all 67 prosecuted child sexual abuse cases from 20 February 2003 to 28 July 2004. Results: Differences between prosecuted and not prosecuted cases were found with respect to child age and gender and the alleged offender's age, sex and relationship to the child. Child sexual abuse was likely to involve an offender who is known to the victim and male alleged offenders were significantly more likely to be prosecuted than females. Sixty percent of offenders had previous convictions, which were twice as likely to be for non-sexual offences as for sexual offences. Of the investigated cases, 33% resulted in charges being laid against the alleged offender. Of these prosecuted cases, 81% resulted in a conviction and 89% of convicted adult offenders received a prison sentence. Conclusion: The present study provides an insight into the characteristics of child sexual abuse investigations. Recommendations are made for similar studies within other Police regions of New Zealand to enable regional comparisons of trends and differences.


A species of Longidorus collected in central Italy during a survey of Longidoridae was reported in the Atlas of Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Italy (Roca et Lamberti, 1985) as L. magnus Lamberti, Bleve-Zacheo et Arias 1982. Re-examination of the Latium specimens has revealed some differences of the first juvenile stage and adult females from those of L. magnus collected from the type locality and in the neighbouring Aprutium region. Closer examination confirmed the identity of the Aprutium p~pulations as L. magnus but indicated that the Latium populations belonged to a seperate species. Therefore, the populations from Latium previously identified as L. magnus must be considered as new and are described here as Longidorus major sp. n. Soil samples were collected at Colonna, near Rome, from the rhizosphere of grapevine in autumn 1986; measurements and observations were done on this fresh material. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples by the Cobb wet sieve technique, killed and fixed in 5% hot formalin and mounted in glycerin on nematolgy slides by the slow method. Specimens were measured with the aid of a camera lucida.


1 M.P.T (Orthopaedics), M.S (Education), M. Phil (Education), Ph.D (Physiotherapy) The Principal, Sree Balaji College Of physiotherapy, Chennai – 100 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com,firstname.lastname@example.com Phone: 99400 47137 2 B.P.T.,MIAP, Tutor in Physiotherapy, Sree Balaji College of Physiotherapy, Chennai – 100 Email: email@example.com, Phone: 9003059788 3 BPT, MIAP, Tutor in Physiotherapy, Sree Balaji College of Physiotherapy, Chennai – 100 Email: email@example.com, Ph: 9003222893 4,5,6,7 (B.P.T. III Year), Sree Balaji College of Physiotherapy, Chennai – 100 Affiliated To (Bharath) University, BIHER, Chennai – 73 Abstract Introduction: Rotator cuff lesion, a common clinical entity, mostly present with cervical spine lesion, physiotherapy plays a vital role in rehabilitation of these subjects. Aims and Objectives: This case presentation was to analyze the impact of specific exercises to shoulder and neck using neck and shoulder disability index. Materials and Methodology: 54 year male diabetic subject with left shoulder and cervical spine pain and restricted movement was treated between October 2017 to November 2017 with weekly thrice using PA glide, closed kinematic chain exercise, shoulder bracing exercises. Results: pre and post neck and shoulder disability index were statistically analyzed with p < 0.01. Conclusion: while rotator cuff lesions are treated, cervical spine also to be evaluated and treated with due physiotherapeutic means was the major reports of this study.


(57) Abstract: Severe head injury, treating subarachnoid hemorrhage and subsequent ischemic stroke, the reduction in the formation / secretion of mucus in asthma and lung, alleviating and / or ameliorating other diseases and trauma useful for: Wherein, W


Sequence alignment methods are applied to daily activity data derived from the Statistics Canada 1992 General Social Survey on Time Use, with special emphasis on travel episodes and the activities that generate travel. Sequence alignment is a combinatorial procedure that gives a quantitative measure of the similarity of character sequences, which may be used to represent daily activity patterns. It accommodates all the details supplied from activity diaries including the ordering of activity episodes, their duration, and patterns of transitions from one activity to another. Analysis of daily activity patterns by using such methods offers a new way of improving understanding of travel behavior. Such an understanding is especially critical when public transport policy is being driven increasingly by budget constraints, and traffic management through congestion is considered an acceptable response to increasing travel demands. The method successfully identifies groupings of behavioral patterns, which then may be further described by using multivariate analysis of sociodemographic characteristics. A key issue in the application of the method is to determine the circumstances in which activity sequences should or should not reflect episode duration.


In this paper, new soft-tissue balance measurement method and system are proposed to meet the quantitative requirement of soft-tissue balance measurement in total knee replacement (TKR). In our system, six precise force sensors are embedded in the front-end measurement device (FEMD), which is inserted into the knee joint. Each pressure of the sensor is responsive to a force generated between the condyle and the device and represents the force of soft tissues in the posterior, middle, and anterior positions of the medial/lateral portion of the knee joint, respectively. The force corresponding to its distribution is displayed in a 2-D or 3-D manner in real time with an accuracy of better than 0.098 N. Furthermore, the FEMD has the function of changing the gap distance between its upper and lower plates by a double-screw structure to adjust the space of the knee joint in the range from 20.0 to 31.0 mm. Finally, the system was used in the soft-tissue release of medial collateral ligament (MCL) in five cadavers and quantitatively measured the force change in the extension gap or flexion gap after three kinds of MCL release during TKR. The results showed that the measurement system could accomplish the force measurement and the distance adjustment of the knee joint.


Clinical heart failure is present in 0.4–2% of the population, and continues to rise as the population ages.1 Its impact is profound, accounting for 5% of all hospital admissions and 2% of all health expenditure.2–,4 It has the greatest negative effect on quality of life of all chronic medical disorders and has a high mortality rate.5 In order to reduce the incidence of cardiac failure and all its consequences, we need to detect and treat presymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (LVSD). We focus on a new way to screen for asymptomatic LVSD which is likely to be cost-effective.

LVSD is common and treatable, accounting for 8% of people aged 25–75 years; and 12% of 45–75-year-olds. Of the 8%, 4% are asymptomatic.6 Other surveys suggest the population prevalence of LVSD is 2.8–3.7%.7,,8 The patients who appear to be at particularly high risk of LVSD are those with ischaemic heart disease, hypertension or diabetes, and smokers.9–,11 However echocardiographic screening of all hypertensives, all diabetics and all smokers for LVSD would be a daunting and costly process. A more cost-effective approach might be to wait for the first presentation of a vascular episode, and to perform routine echo screening at that time. The first vascular episode could be either a myocardial infarction (MI), a transient ischaemic attack (TIA), a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or peripheral vascular disease. In normal clinical practice, MI patients are nowadays screened for LVSD during their hospital admission, but patients who have had a CVA/TIA/PVD are not routinely screened for LVSD. Yet, the presentation with one vascular disease in the form of a stroke/TIA/PVD could be a golden …


Leading industry is the core and pillar of the regional economic development.The special industrial environment and economic structure demands Heilongjiang Province to select leading industry to promote the whole economy development.On the basis of leading industries selection principles and criterion,15 indexes are chosen to evaluate the leading industry selection.The grey cluster model based on triangle albino weight function is applied,industries are clustered into several categories according to each fixed weight index,the ones plays a high performance in the special index is chosen as the leading industry.Applying triangle albino function grey cluster into the area of leading industry selection is a innovation and this method can get a comprehensive index and evaluate all kinds of affecting factors,reflecting the status and role of each industry plays in the regional economy development,evaluate the merits and demerits of the industries.Applying this model into Heilongjiang Province,the leading industries of the area will be selected;the screening results testify the applicability and credibility of the model.


Lobectomies are commonly performed through an open approach. The proven safety and efficacy of minimal access video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is changing the way we manage this operation. We present our definition of VATS lobectomy and describe our technique for VATS right upper lobectomy in clear, easy to follow steps. Finally, we provide some operative tips and a preference card.


There is growing concern that the numbers of physician-scientists being trained in U.S. academic health centers will not be sufficient to continue the rate of current progress in biomedical research. The authors believe that the needs of current trainees and junior faculty must be addressed immediately, and that programs to train the next generation of patient-oriented researchers must be established without delay. The authors describe a two-pronged approach to this looming crisis. First is a description of innovative educational programs implemented at one academic health center from the K-12 level through the medical-school curriculum. Second, programs are discussed that have been developed to facilitate the recruitment, training, and retention of physician-scientists in the early parts of their professional careers. Four models of training "translational" investigators are presented, along with case studies of how these models have been implemented in real-life productive and professionally satisfying collaborations within one academic health center. The authors conclude by stating that to be prepared for the effects of future knowledge on human disease and preventive health, academic health centers must enhance training opportunities for physician-scientists.


Several important contributions toward sampled-data and hybrid feedback stabilization have appeared in the literature. This article extends recent results by second author concerning sampled-data feedback stabilization for affine in the control of nonlinear systems with a nonzero drift term, under the presence of a generalized control Lyapunov function associated with appropriate Lie algebraic hypotheses concerning the dynamics of the system. The main results of this article constitute a generalization of the well-known "Artstein-Sontag" theorem on asymptotic stabilization by means of an almost smooth feedback controller. The analysis is limited to the affine single-input nonlinear systems with nonzero drift term; however, the results can easily be extended to the multi-input case. An illustrative example of the derived results is included.


ABSTRACT Butene-1 production through a selective ethylene dimerization is one of the largest industrial processes, which is catalyzed by homogeneous catalyst system. The common industrial catalyst system is comprised of Ti alkoxide-based catalysts in combination with AlEt3 as an activator. In this study, the alkylsilanes were used as novel improving agents in the catalyst system for highly selective ethylene dimerization to butene-1. The nature and concentration of alkylsilanes on the dimerization rate, catalyst yield, by-product production, and selectivity to butene-1 were investigated in detail. It was found that alkylsilanes improved the productivity and selectivity of the catalyst. Moreover, the content of the solid by-product considerably decreased. The performance of the modified catalyst system was noticeably higher than that of the nonmodified one. Totally, it was proved that alkylsilanes could play a modifying role in the selective ethylene catalytic dimerization process.


Self-employed workers in Brazil are to a large extent excluded from the national social security system. This article describes two programmes introduced in the 2000s that have achieved good results in terms of the "formalization" and protection of these workers. The programmes offer microentrepreneurs and self-employed workers simplified administrative procedures, commercial benefits (ability to take out bank loans and issue invoices) and levels of social security contributions adapted to their incomes. The data provided by the authors illustrate the effectiveness of the programmes, which could also be implemented in other countries.


The invention relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) street lamp, which comprises a lamp post and a lamp cap body connected with the lamp post, wherein an LED lamp and an LED driver are arranged in the lamp cap body; the lamp post is a tubular body; the inside of the lamp post is communicated with the inside of the lamp cap body; an air inlet is formed on the lower part of the lamp post; a radiating groove is formed on the lower end face of the lamp cap body; and air enters the lamp post from the air inlet, so that heat in the lamp cap body is dissipated from the radiating groove. The LED street lamp is reasonable in structural design, light in weight, low in cost and convenient to install and maintain, the radiating capacity of the lamp is improved, the work temperature of the lamp is reduced, and the service life of the lamp is prolonged.


Abstract This research was aimed to find out the correlation between second grade students' learning motivation and their learning motivation toward their ability to comprehend invitation text at SMPN 27 Padang. The number of population was 226 students. The researcher took one class as a sample by using convenience sampling technique. The classes selected as sample was class VIII.5. The researcher gathered the data by using reading habit questionnaire, learning motivation questionnaire and reading test to measure students' ability to comprehend invitation text. The reliability of students' reading habit was 0.92 (very high correlation), learning motivation was 0.90 (very high correlation) and their ability to comprehend invitation text was 0.86 (high correlation). To analyze the data the researcher used the Pearson Product Moment Formula and Multiple Correlation Formula. After analyzing the data, the researcher found that the students' reading habit was moderate (72.5%), their learning motivation was moderate (75.9%), and their ability to comprehend invitation text was moderate (51.7%). The researcher found the coefficient correlation between students' reading habit and their ability to comprehend invitation text was 0.487 and t counted  was 2.898. Because the value of t table  was 2.052 (α .05 and dk=27) and t counted  was 2.898, it can be stated that there is a significant correlation between students' reading habit and their ability to comprehend invitation text. Next, the researcher found the coefficient correlation between students' learning motivation and their ability to comprehend invitation text was 0.372 and t counted  was 2.079. Because the value of t table  was 2.052 (α .05 and dk=27) and t counted  was 2.079, it can be stated that there is a significant correlation between students' learning motivation and their ability to comprehend invitation text. Finally, the researcher found the coefficient correlation between three variables was 0.490 and f counted  was 4.11. Because the value of f table was 3.37 (α .05 and dk=n-k-1) and f counted  was 4.11, it means that f counted  is higher than f table  (4.11>3.37). It can be stated that there is a significant correlation between students' reading habit and their learning motivation toward their ability to comprehend invitation text. Keywords : correlation, reading habit, learning motivation, reading and invitation text.


The plant hormone ABA regulates various physiological processes, such as promoting stomatal closure and inhibiting hypocotyl elongation by mediating de-phosphorylation of H+-ATPase. However, the mechanism acting on ABA-induced de-phosphorylation of H+-ATPase remains largely unknown. SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs (SAURs), the largest family of early auxin-response genes, were well-reported to bind to and inhibit PP2C.D phosphatases to maintain plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether SAUR-PP2C.D functional modules were involved in ABA-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. Here, we show that ABA suppresses hypocotyl elongation in both light-grown and dark-grown tomato seedlings in a dose-dependent manner. Hypocotyl elongation of dark-grown seedlings was more sensitive to ABA compared to that of light-grown seedlings. ABA upregulates seven SlPP2C.D genes. SlPP2C.D1 was highly expressed in hypocotyl and upregulated by light. Y2H data showed SlPP2C.D1 interacted with SlSAUR2, 35, 40, 55, 57, 59, 65, and 70. The other four SlPP2C.Ds were also associated with a subset of SAUR proteins. Our findings have provided new insights for further examination on the SAUR-PP2C.D modules that regulate outputs of ABA and other phytohormones controlling plant growth and development.


Linear acceleration of electrons by the two‐beam accelerator concept is considered. (AIP)Linear acceleration of electrons by the two‐beam accelerator concept is considered. (AIP)


The study of the micromammalian parasite complexes in the Belorussian part of the evacuation zone of the Chernobyl nuclear station revealed 13 species of Coccidia and 30 species of ectoparasitic Arthropoda. Total increase of abundance and biodiversity of both parasites and their hosts was observed. The part of ectoparasites being epidemically hazardous was significantly increased. An analysis of a long-term dynamics of parasite abundance reveals their adaptation to new conditions in the Belorussia.


Water is a basic necessity and a continue source of life. We need water for agriculture, generating power and to run industries. As water is so essential for life, it must be ensured that everyone has access to it. This paper analyzes water scarcity in Lyari town and it explores the factors, which have deprived the Lyariites from this basic facility. It was presumed that only the service providers are responsible for water crisis in the town. However, the study shows that there are other related factors like: supply of less water: socio political conditions of the area; poor infrastructure; water stealing; less revenue generation; contamination of water which have resulted in this water crisis. It is a qualitative research. Data for this research has been collected through structured questionnaire by conducting interviews and focused discussions Also extensive literature search has been undertaken. The study ends with a list of recommendation on the basis of the results deduced.


A satellite, with inertia properties within a specific range of values, is assumed to be in an orbit of small eccentricity. Cold-gas jets that are bounded in thrust level supply the torques for attitude control. The performance criterion is minimum-fuel consumption for reaching the desired attitude in a given time. The elliptic orbit introduces parametric excitations and forcing terms not present for a circular orbit. The linearized equations that describe the small attitude motion are time-vary ing. Pontryagin's maximum principle is employed to determine the characteristics of the minimum-fuel, optimal control for the linearized motion, and a suboptimal, feedback, attitude-control system is developed that is both simple and efficient. This control system is shown to work well when the initial attitude errors are large, and the problem of steady-state control is discussed. In all cases it is assumed that through the use of star trackers, sun sensors, gyros, and/or horizon scanners, the state of the attitude motion is known completely and accurately.


This study hypothesized that financial decision makers who felt responsible for previous monetary losses in public-sector conditions would allocate less to their specific projects than their nonresponsible counterparts would. The subjects were 320 undergraduate psychology students; 46% were male and 54% were female. Subjects were given a scenario involving a state agency's employability program with a declining placement rate, and asked to determine which of two sponsors would be the recipient of additionalfunds. The factor of responsibility was manipulated and the experiment was repeated in a private-enterprise setting. Results indicated that in public-context conditions, responsible subjects allocated significantly less money than did nonresponsible subjects, although this was not the case in private-context conditions. The findings suggest differential strategies for guiding allocation behavior in different contexts.


Traditional shot tagging techniques are focused on learning and propagating the tags at the same level, that is from labeled training shots to the unknown test shots. Due to the lack of sufficient labeled video shots, effective shot tagging remains challenging. By observing that video-level tags are more widely provided, we design a novel approach to propagate video-level tags to the test shots. A weighted sparse group lasso method (WSGL) is proposed for shot reconstruction, which well preserves the structural sparsity to reduce the noise in tag propagation. Meanwhile, it simultaneously considers the spatial-temporal information within the video corpus to enhance the tagging performance. Extensive experiments are conducted on two public video datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


High precision speed reducer which has a cycloid or involute teeth profile, used to in Robot. In this study, suggest to a new teeth profile, which has basically a triangle teeth profile. We had a stress analysis compare to convenient speed reducer for teeth profile. We has a good results in new teeth profile for strength, stress and stiffness.


We consider the isomonodromic criterion of the family of Fuchsian systems and Schlesinger isomonodromic deformation. We get Schlesinger system of equations and understand how to get the sixth Painlevé equation from it. The contents of this talk refers to the book [Bol09].


A novel quality-related kernel latent structure projection method was proposed and quality-related monitoring was applied in the nonlinear process.Different to the KPLS,the proposed method further decomposes the quality variable space into three subspaces,which can achieve a complete monitoring of the quality which can be and cannot be interpreted by process quality.Meanwhile,the validity of the proposed method was verified by TE simulation.


In this study, a control stick with a built-in kinesthetic-tactile display was mounted in a 1965 Plymouth sedan, and several car-following experiments were conducted. Data collected consisted of lead and following car velocity histories, headway variance, velocity variance, and subjective driver opinion. Describing-function models obtained from the velocity historeis were used to compare various tested systems on the basis of speed of driver-vehicle system response and platoon stability. The headway and velocity variance data were used to compare tracking behavior while the subjective data provides a relative measure of both driver effort and driver preference. In the most advanced driver-vehicle system considered, compensation was included to reduce the effects of variation in vehicle response, to dynamically adjust tracking distance to a safe headway (as one portional to vehicle speed), and to partially unburden the driver by allowing the vehicle to automatically respond to any sudden changes in lead-car speed. This last system resulted in system time constants of less than one second, in headway deviations from the desired headway of less than one foot, and in little driver effort. Further, the individual driver-vehicle system responses were such that a platoon of such vehicles would be asymptotically stable. /Author/


The lack of syncollisional sediments in the eastern Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (YZSZ) has impeded our understanding of the India‐Asia collision, particularly as to whether the collision was synchronous or diachronous. In this paper, we present evidence for the vestige sedimentary archives of the initial India‐Asia collision retained in the previously proposed "Cretaceous Langxian Mélange" in the eastern YZSZ, southern Tibet. Field investigations of marbles and intercalated meta‐siliciclastic rocks, together with analyses of petrography, cathodoluminescence image, geochronology, trace elements, and Nd isotopes show that (1) marbles occur as thin‐bedded to massive individual layers consistently dipping to the south at 50–80°, (2) marble and intercalated meta‐siliciclastic rocks exhibit the same deformational (foliations S0 and S1) and metamorphic (green‐schist facies) history with nearly same detrital‐zircon age spectra and εNd(0) values, (3) protoliths of the meta‐sedimentary rocks were sourced from both India and Asia and deposited during the early Eocene, and (4) protoliths of the marbles were probably precipitated in a marine environment. These lines of evidence suggest that the previously proposed mélange is indeed not the Cretaceous mélange, but the vestige of syncollisional sedimentary strata that was originally deposited in situ in a syncollisional foreland basin. The estimated collisional age of prior to ~56 Ma in the eastern YZSZ is almost consistent with the 60–56 Ma age estimated from the western‐central YZSZ and Himalaya, indicating a (quasi‐) synchronous initial India‐Asia collision at ~60–56 Ma.


4. Anthropocentric Food Webs in the Precolumbian Americas, by David L. Lentz 3. Vegetation in the Floristic Regions of North and Central America, by Andrew M. Greller 2. Climate Changes in the Northern American Tropics and Subtropics since the Last Ice Age: Implications for Environment and Culture, by David A. Hodell, Mark Brenner, and Jason H. Curtis 1. Introduction: Definitions and Conceptual Underpinnings, by David L. Lentz Foreword, by William Denevan Summary and Conclusions 15. The Lower Amazon: A Dynamic Human Habitat, by Anna C. Roosevelt 14. Lowland Vegetation of Tropical South America--An Overview, by Douglas Daly and John Mitchell 13. Andean Land Use at the Cusp of History, by Terence N. D'Altroy 12. The Lake Titicaca Basin: A Precolumbian Built Landscape, by Clark L. Erickson 11. Vegetation of the Tropical Andes, by James Luteyn and Steven Churchill 10. Hohokam Impacts on Sonoran Desert Environment, by Suzanne Fish 9. Native Farming Systems and Ecosystems in the Mississippi River Valley, by Gayle J. Fritz 8. Precolumbian Silviculture and Indigenous Management of Neotropical Forests, by Charles Peters 7. Stability and Instability in Prehispanic May a Landscapes, by Nicholas Dunning and Timothy Beach 6. Prehispanic Water Management and Agricultural Intensification in Mexico and Venezuela: Implications for Contemporary Ecological Planning, by Charles S. Spencer 5. Prehispanic Agricultural Systems in the Basin of Mexico, by Emily McClung de Tapia


PZT materials possess high dielectric constant,while PVDF has good flexibility.Flexible PZT/PVDF composite materials with certain thickness can be prepared through chemical dissolution,spin coating to form a single layer film and hot compression of multi-layer films into one.The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the film were measured,compared and analyzed.And it can be derived to be a material with high dielectric constant,low loss and high flexibility.Miniature of microstrip antenna design can be achieved on such a material.


Introduction: Positive deviance recognizes that there are individuals and teams within our community of practice that succeed in spite of system constraints. Amazing and awesome rounds has been proposed as a forum to identify behaviours and processes that lead to exceptional results. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a structured amazing and awesome rounds model through an innovative educational intervention. Methods: The authors engaged a broad range of professional designations(physicians, surgeons, nurses, respiratory therapists, administrative staff) at a tertiary care institution. A&A rounds were open to all allied health professionals and administrative staff. The Northern A&A rounds model was developed, implemented, and then evaluated as a four-part intervention. This consisted of: 1) Allied health professional training on case selection and analysis, 2) Engaging inter professional members, 3) disseminating lessons learned, and 4) creating an administrative pathway for acting on issues identified through the A&A rounds. The measures of intervention feasibility included the proportion of sessions adherent to the new model and A&A rounds attendance. Post intervention surveys of presenters and attendees were used to determine intervention acceptability. A&A presentation content was reviewed to determine the most frequently adopted components of the model. Results: Nine out of 9(100%) of presented cases were adherent to the three components of the Northern A&A Model. A&A rounds were highest attended of all hospital wide grand rounds(N = 75 SD 2.4 P < 0.001). Nine case presentations were analyzed and 7 action items were identified for amplification across the hospital. Including 3 case reports published of a novel approach to a patient case,a rapid referral for trauma patients at risk for PTSD, AED placement in all community clinics and routine debrief after resuscitations. Presenters included a broad representation of hospital staff including surgeons, emergency physicians, radiologists, nurses, and administrators. Conclusion: The Northern A&A Model was a feasible intervention that was perceived to be effective by both presenters and attendees. The authors believe that this could be readily applied to any hospital seeking to enhance quality of care and patient safety.


For recent years, the management system in state-owned enterprises changed constantly. The increasing storage of regional national assets has multiplied the task and its difficulty of the superintendence. Aimed at the current situation of national assets' losing, this paper analyses the causes relative to the management system, and definitely know that it's a hard and longtime work for the superintendence. To perfect it comprehensively, on one hand some basic work such as financial supervision and system construction are reqaired; while on the other, national resources should be utilized reasonably.


The article analyzes the state budget and expenses related to managing government and governmentguaranteed debt in conditions of an unstable economy. The analysis of economic consequences resulting from the military aggression of the Russian Federation has allowed drawing conclusions about significant changes in the structure of revenues and expenditures of Ukraine's state budget and a deterioration in the country's macroeconomic indicators overall. The increase in the budget deficit in 2022 to a critical level of 17.62% of Ukraine's Gross Domestic Product for the corresponding year resulted in an increase in the country's debt. The decline in production led to changes in the budget revenue structure, with a decrease in the share of tax revenues. Additionally, changes were made to the tax code during the state of war, which softened the tax and fee administration regime. The main focus of the article is on the creation, servicing, and repayment of government debt. The main measures to minimize risks, optimize the structure of government borrowings, and reduce expenses related to their servicing are determined. The functions and responsibilities of the entities responsible for managing government debt are discussed. The methodology for formulating a medium-term strategy for managing government debt is presented. The risk assessment is conducted by determining the expected expenses of the state budget for debt management, considering the risks associated with such management (interest rate, currency, budgetary risks, as well as refinancing and liquidity risks). This article provides a characterization of risks arising from government borrowings. Risk management of government-guaranteed debt is separately examined. When calculating these risks, the volume of government guarantees to gross domestic product and the maximum volume of government guarantees provided are taken into account. The possibilities for managing government debt risks in conditions of a state of war are significantly limited; however, they can be reduced through refinancing debt obligations with long-term maturity securities. Reducing currency risks can be achieved by increasing the share of borrowings in the national currency in the domestic capital market. Based on the conducted research, recommendations are provided regarding government debt management and the revival of crediting small and medium-sized businesses within the framework of providing government guarantees on a portfolio basis.


Abstract A growing number of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and health sciences (STEM-H) faculty are interested and find value in learning how to conduct research in the education setting of their discipline. Recent funding initiatives have been announced that aim to expand education research efforts and capability with discipline faculty in order to properly evaluate and ultimately improve STEM-H education. This study explores the impact of an innovative professional learning workshop series for faculty in university STEM-H disciplines who are interested in learning how to study their teaching and its impacts more rigorously.STEM-H faculty came to the workshop series with a variety of motivations, including to better understand and evaluate their teaching practices, to acquire better methods of studying and sharing what they learn, and to improve their education research skills overall. Our interdisciplinary research team collected data through open-ended pre- and post-series surveys, and individual 6-month post-series interviews. We engaged in consensual qualitative analysis to extract themes. Findings indicated STEM-H faculty left the workshop series with (1) deepened perspectives of education research complexities, (2) stronger insights and awareness about key components of education research, and (3) identified actionable next steps to pursue their individual education research goals. We explore potential follow-up steps as we build and institutionalize education research support structures to sustain this interest.


Study design, materials and methods Between 2001 – 2013, 63 patients diagnosed as VVF underwent surgical repair. 55 of these operations were performed through vaginal approach while 8 of them were performed through abdominal approach. Before the operation a cystoscopy was performed to evaluate the location and diameter of the fistula as well as the to see the relation of the fistula with the orifices. Average fistula diameter was 12.3 mm. In 15 patients, the fistulae were located posterolaterally of the right orifice and posterolaterally of the left orifice in 13 patients. In the remaining 35 patients, the fistulae were located behind the trigon. In cases where it was impossible to reach the fistula through vagina, a trans-abdominal route was used. During post-operative period, all patients who do not have any contraindication received oral anticholinergic drug and vaginal topical estrogen treatment. Also, a suprapubic bladder catheter was left in place for drainage for a period of 3 weeks.


SUMMARY The historical documentation project of the Ottoman fortresses at " Seddulbahir" and "Kumkale", carried out between 1997 and 2002 by the Division of Geodesy at Istanbul Technical University and the Department of History at Koc University provides an ideal case study for the integration of historical research methods and new GIS technology. This paper demonstrates how to explore a design of a multimedia supported four dimensional (4D) information system to aid geographically-oriented the documentation of the two Ottoman fortresses of "Seddulbahir" and "Kumkale" through internet. This paper demonstrates how a GIS project can be designed and managed for historical researches. This paper examines a variety of ways in which GIS application for a historical documentation project can be integrated with technological developments within the fields of database, visualization and internet.


Rosmarinus officinalis L. is of the most important species of medicine, which is used in various food, pharmaceutical and sanitary industries and for this reason, it is considered as one of the most important export figures in the world. In order to study the effect of extraction of essential oil by distillation with water, in a laboratory scale and semi-industrial scale, an experimental design was carried out at the headquarters of the Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands for two years (2018 and 2019). The samples were collected from Alborz research station located in Karaj city. Then the plant samples were dried in shade and essential oils were extracted by water distillation method in laboratory and semi-industrial scale. The compounds of essential oils were measured by GC and GC/MS. In this study, according to experimental and pilot studies on rosemary species, different results were obtained. At this time, the necessity of testing in the laboratory was evident in order to determine the method and the appropriate amount of powder of the plant. In this regard, the rosemary leaves were prepared in three methods: full leaf, semi-powder and complete powder. Then samples were extracted by water distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) for 4 hours. The essential oil yield was obtained from full leaf (0.44%), semi-powdered leaf (0.46%) and pure powder (0.70%).Therefore, the most important time for the extraction of essential oils from plant specimens was determined in pilot and laboratory methods for 4 hours of essential oil extraction and the sample of the semi-powdered plant was determined by mesh of 10. Finally, the results of the important combinations identified. The major combinations identified with plant leaf powder on a laboratory scale are: Camphene (27.49%), Octanol acetate (10.39%), Benzyl formate (9.64%), Dihydro- linalool acetate (8.64%), Verbenene (8.30%), Neo-iso-dihydrocarveol (7.46%) and major components in the pilot were :Camphene (31.53%), Verbenene (10.90%), Benzyl formate (8.18%), Octanol acetate (8.14%), and α-phellandrene (7.18%). Considering the importance of the experimental method for extraction of essential oil and the application of the laboratory method to the semi-industrial, it is suggested that in the pilot plant the specimen with the mesh 10 should be used.In this experiment, the essential oil content of the sample extracted in the pilot sample was 0.46%, which is equal to 0.46% in the laboratory sample. It shows the economic value of this method for the application of other species.


Transmission of multimedia data such as images, videos, and audio over the Internet is risky due to cyberattacks. To overcome the security issues, several encryption schemes are proposed over the last few decades which also possess few vulnerabilities such as time inefficiency and weak security. In this research, to provide the highest level of security to the digital data, chaos is incorporated for the scrambling of rows and columns of the plaintext image. Further, a noisy image is generated based on the chaotic logistic map and the suitable initial conditions which are selected based on the analysis performed. For the reduction of the encryption computational time, a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used in which only low-frequency bands are encrypted because most of the plaintext information lies in such frequency bands. To gauge the performance of the proposed encryption scheme, several security tests such as entropy, correlation, energy, peak signal to noise ratio, mean square error, keyspace, and key sensitivity analysis, noise-resistant, and cropping attack analyses are performed. From the cropping and noise attack analysis, we have found that the proposed encryption algorithm can decrypt the plaintext image with negligible loss of information but the content of the plaintext image can be visualized.


In the traditional Bayes decision fusion algorithm, fault decision of the fusion system often occurred because of the uncertainty or fixed value of conditional probability density. In this paper, a new improved Bayes fusion model, which introduced non-parameter estimation method into traditional Bayes fusion criterion, was proposed. In the improved model, judgment about the precision of conditional probability density was made after the decision based on Bayes maximum a posteriori criterion in the process of fusion, and conditional probability density was modified by the Parzen window method when the precision was lower than expected value. In the practical application, the method had been successfully applied in the temperature fault diagnosis system of Hydroelectric Simulation System of Jilin Fengman, the performance preceded that of the traditional Bayes criterion, and the correct ratio of diagnosis result had been efficiently improved.


Relevance: in the last decade, virtual reality (VR) technologies have been actively introduced into the training process in various types of sprints. At the same time, there are studies showing the inconsistency of VR for the formation of sports skills and their transfer to real conditions. But despite this, the use of VR can be useful for practicing specifi c motor skills and cognitive functions, for example, anticipation. Objective: to develop VR-PACE technology (VR Technology for training Puck hitting And HOSKE skill Eff ectiveness) using virtual reality aimed at diagnosing and analyzing the skill level of a hockey player, as well as their training. Methods: within the framework of the study, a simulation virtual environment was developed that simulates a hockey fi eld (ice arena in Sochi) and sets four diffi culty levels (four blocks) depending on the speed of the puck and the distance to it. Th e study involved 22 people, 13 of whom were professional hockey players (Mage = 20 ± 2.5), and seven were beginners in hockey (Mage = 20 ± 1.4). Results: it was found that professional hockey players have a signifi cantly smaller amplitude of head vibrations during the refl ection of pucks, that is, they understand the position of their body well enough during certain actions, and they do not need to observe the full trajectory of the puck. Th ere were also signifi cant diff erences in the speed of response to the presented washers in the block with the fastest speed of presentation of 2 washers. Th e results obtained may indicate a better formation of technical and tactical, temporal and spatial factors in professional hockey players. Conclusions: the adequacy of the developed tools for the analysis of professional skills of hockey players was demonstrated. It was also shown that the skill level of a hockey player is determined by the formation of a set of parameters, including spatial, temporal, technical and tactical abilities. Th is is manifested in the automation of a number of skills, as well as the optimization of motor responses: 1) higher and more stable amplitude of movements over the entire observation interval and minimization of unnecessary movements; 2) higher reaction speed to more complex pucks (close to real game situations); 3) concentration of attention on signifi cant signals, anticipation.


The global spread of the Covid-19 has made a great impact on all the spheres of our life, including the entire educational system. The pandemic has revealed vulnerabilities of distant learning on the one hand, but it has also showed extraordinary human resourcefulness and potential on the other. In this research, the circumstances, and basic challenges of coronavirus on the educational system have been analyzed, possible solutions of reshaping the educational system in the Post-pandemic Era are being proposed. By taking Chelyabinsk Institute of Railway Transport - a branch of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education Ural State University of Railway Transport (CHIRT, USURT) as an example, based on the case-study analysis, it is found that the reasons behind such impact include declines in employment, slowed globalization, lack of social competence. To help the higher educational institutions get through difficulties amid pandemic and to provide sustainable development of educational process, several possible strategies are being proposed in this paper. © 2023 Author(s).


A process for preparing protein loaded microparticles comprising the steps (A) contacting microparticles which are not functionalized and have a hydrophobic surface, with protein material which is a polymerized protein and has a hydrophobic surface, in a suspension, (B) uniformly heating the suspension to 35 to 65 ° C over a period of 10 to 90 min, wherein the temperature rise at 0.03 ° C / min to 5 ° C / min, Maintaining the temperature achieved in (b) H (c) over a period of 0 to 50, (D) irradiating the suspension with ultraviolet light in the absence of a photolinker.


On his return to Russia in July 1843 after a period of convalescence in Western Europe, Iazykov was confronted by a literary situation which bore little resemblance to the one he had left in July 1838, five years earlier. Many important nineteenth-century poets had already died by the time of Iazykov's departure: Ryleev (1826), Venevitinov (1827), Griboedov (1829), Delvig (1831), Gnedich (1833), Pushkin, Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, the fabulist Dmitriev (all in 1837), and Polezhaev (early 1838). Nevertheless, poetry continued to be the dominant form of literary expression, at least until April 1840, when Lermontov first published the full text of Geroi nashego vremeni. By late 1843, however, the tide had turned decisively in favor of prose. Many more poets had died—Davydov and Alexander Odoevsky (1839), Kozlov and Stankevich (1840), Lermontov himself (1841), and Koltsov (1842). Baratynsky and Krylov were to die in 1844.


The invention discloses a wood preservative. The wood preservative mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of polyacrylate, 0.1-0.7 part of imidacloprid, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.1-0.5 part of bacteriostatic agent, 20-30 parts of the fruit of Rangoon creeper, 25-35 parts of the tuber of stemona, 10-20 parts of thunder god vines, 15-25 parts of Chinaberry seeds, 18-28 parts of radices sileris, 12-24 parts of golden cypress, and 0.3-0.7 part of ascorbic acid. The invention further provides a preparation method of the wood preservative. Compared with the prior art, the wood preservative is low in cost and simple in process, and has prominent performances of mould prevention and insect pest prevention; and the main components of the wood preservative are traditional Chinese medicine extracts, so that the environmental pollution can be prominently reduced.


A retrospective review was performed comparing lamivudine‐resistance mutation patterns between patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) with or without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co‐infection. Medical records that included a genotypic test of patients infected with HBV and treated with lamivudine as the only anti‐HBV drug were reviewed. Pol gene mutations were assessed by direct sequencing of the reverse transcriptase fragment 125–213 aa. Eighty‐nine patients infected with HBV (29 co‐infected with HIV) with rtM204V or rtM204I mutations were included. Multiple mutations associated with the YMDD motif were observed in 33 (55%) of 60 patients infected with HBV only and in 28 (96.6%) of patients co‐infected with HIV/HBV. In this latter group, the prevalence of the rtV173L + rtL180M + rtM204V triple mutation was 31% versus a prevalence of 3.4% observed among patients infected with HBV only. All patients with the triple mutational pattern showed sE164D + sI195M changes in the envelope gene. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that HIV co‐infection (adjusted OR 11.2, 95% CI 2.0–61.0) and HBV genotype A (adjusted OR 7.2, 95% CI 1.5–34.8) were the only independent variables associated with the chance of harboring rtM204V. Patients with HBV genotype A or HIV co‐infection were more likely to harbor the rtM204V mutation. Patients co‐infected with HIV showed multiple mutations more frequently, including the triple mutation that may elicit a vaccine escape phenotype. Among patients co‐infected with HIV/HBV, strict HBV DNA monitoring is essential to detect treatment failure and adapt therapy to avoid limitations of future therapeutic options or the emergence of a public health threat. J. Med. Virol. 81:1151–1156, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The erosion plume resulting from ablation of copper and tantalum targets in vacuum with excimer laser irradiation (308 nm) was studied using Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy. The ion and electron probe currents were obtained in the range of energy densities from 0.2 to 2.2 J/cm2 at the target with a probe-to-target distance from 10 to 133 mm. The ion velocity distribution calculated from the time-of-flight measurements has been revealed as a multimodal kind. Curves of the spatial and time dependence of electron probe current were obtained in real time. The electron temperature of different plume regions was determined from a series of I-U characteristics taken at different distances between the Langmuir probe and target. It was established that the plume electron temperature is nonuniform and it has a maximum in front of the plume. The optical emission spectra were used to study the plume composition qualitatively. In addition, the optical emission spectroscopy allowed us to measure both t...


Modern video compression standards rely on motion-compensated prediction from multiple reference pictures. In past standardisation efforts following the introduction of bidirectional prediction, reference pictures were typically signalled in two independent lists, used for forward- and backward-prediction. Modern video coding standards, such as H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding or High Efficiency Video Coding, extend this concept by removing the separation between preceding and succeeding reference pictures, and allow reference frames to be included in the two lists regardless of their temporal index. Therefore, the principle of using two separate lists can be considered obsolete. This paper evaluates an alternative concept, using a single, unified reference picture list. This alternative list, called "list unified" or LU, reduces reference picture signalling, while all functionalities for motion-compensated prediction using multiple references are preserved. Evaluation shows competitive video coding efficiency compared to the usage of two lists, with the advantage of simplified bitstream parsing and much improved reference picture flexibility.


Comparing and analyzing a series of two‐dimensional gels by hand is troublesome and subjective. So far a number of systems for automatic analysis have been developed on mainly mainframe computers, using complex algorithms. This paper presents an inexpensive system, based on a simple Pascal program, to compare individual spots on two‐dimensional gels using an IBM or compatible personal computer in a qualitative way. The accuracy of the method is demonstrated by comparing two patterns of the same extract from different runs.


This paper presents two methods of detecting inverter downtime and estimating lost production from downtime events using timeseries system production measurements. The methods focus on distinguishing communications interruptions from true production outages and are successful in most cases. To enable fleet-scale analysis of inverter availability, the methods are designed to be semi-autonomous. The first method uses only inverter and system meter AC power measurements while the second uses cumulative production and expected energy data to classify outages and estimate lost production. The methods are demonstrated using real field data and the results are discussed.


Since the first description of parapsoriasis more than 100 years ago, parapsoriasis has been a questionable condition and occasionally considered a precursor of cutaneous lymphoma. The name "parapsoriasis" is related to a heterogenous group of diseases that show a distinct clinical presentation; however, the histopathological criteria are not strongly specific. Pathologists do not consider parapsoriasis as a possible histopathological diagnosis, but dermatologists use the term as clinical hypothesis. We aim to provide an historical review of parapsoriasis focusing on histopathological criteria, considering its possible relation with cutaneous skin lymphoma, based on articles from PubMed and standard dermatopathological books. Parapsoriasis does not have well‐defined histopathological criteria, so its use should be avoided. Being aware of parapsoriasis complexity, a consensus meeting can help to create a guideline regarding this topic.


The basic theory of the ultrasonic guided wave detection technique is reviewed. Using the finite element method,numerical simulation studies were performed about the L(0,2) and T(0,1)modules which are applied in the current detection in field. In finite element models,the corrosion defect was simulated by getting rid of some cells at specific position,and the L(0,2) and T(0,1) modules wave-input were simulated with axial and tangent transient displacement applied at one end of pipe respectively. The results showed that the corrosion defect is located by the time of the echo wave and the wave velocity. At the same time,by frequency spectrum analysis of the signal,the relationship between reflection coefficient and the geometrical dimension of defection is made,and an idea of inspecting and appraising corrosion defect in pipes,which is the integrated sensitivity of echo signal to defect cross section dimension,is put forward.


Background. The dynamic situation at the healthcare market contributes markedly to an increase of patients' requirements as far as healthcare institutions and their personnel are concerned. It results in the occurring need to introduce changes in the process of communication between healthcare establishments and the surroundings, with the aim to reinforce a positive image of the facilities. One of the more important tools used to create a company's image is a well-administrated website, being a source of impact. A website performs both an informative and communicative function, building an interactive relation with patients. Objectives. The main goal of this paper is a comparison of websites of hospitals in Wroclaw with regard to the website content, its technical level as well as its


This bachelor thesis deals with usage possibilities of e-learning systems both on local and international level. Theoretical part treats on e-learning, of his basic concepts and most often systems used within European Union. In a practical part it is interpreted the european project iCamp, whose part was a questionnaire, which was completed by universities all over EU. This questionnaire is interpreted separately for Czech Republic and compared with results from EU.


Neutrophils, which extensively infiltrate maternal systemic blood vessels in preeclampsia, express protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), but only during pregnancy. Therefore, protease activation of pregnancy neutrophils could result in a gene expression signature unique to pregnancy and help explain why the maternal inflammatory response of preeclampsia is systemic rather than localized as for a wound infection. Two proteases that are elevated in preeclampsia are matrix metalloprotease-1 and neutrophil elastase. We sought to determine if gene expression of pregnancy neutrophils would differ if stimulated by a protease versus lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial product. We isolated neutrophils from normal pregnant women at 30 weeks gestation, cultured them with elastase or LPS, and isolated RNA for sequencing. We found many differences in the gene expression profiles. Elastase resulted in 3 times more uniquely expressed genes than LPS. The patterns for heatmap cluster analysis of high and low expressed genes were very different. The number of significantly differentially upregulated and downregulated genes was greater for elastase. Analysis of canonical pathways revealed similarities for innate immunity, but also differences. LPS enriched more pathways, but elastase activated more genes in each pathway. A significant difference was that elastase enriched the MAPK signaling pathway, whereas LPS did not. This is significant because MAPK is a key mediator of transcriptional responses and controls gene expression in several ways including phosphorylation and regulation of transcription factors. These findings indicate that protease stimulation of pregnancy neutrophils Ethanol is the most consumed drug among adolescents and is consumed at similar rates in males and females. However, sex influences ethanol metabolism and the progression into alcohol dependence in humans. While both adolescents and adults engage in binge drinking, the neurological and behavioral effects differ. This study assessed the impact of age, sex, and ethanol on spatial memory and ethanol metabolism in rodents. Male and female DBA/2J mice were exposed to an intermittent binge ethanol model of either water or 4g/kg ethanol from postnatal day (PND) 29-42 (adolescent cohort), or from PND 64-77 (adult cohort). After a 3-week abstinence period, mice were tested for spatial memory on the Barnes Maze. A behavioral and ethanol naïve cohort of PND 35 or PND 65 mice were administered 4g/kg ethanol (i.g.) and blood ethanol concentrations (BEC) were measured at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours. Ethanol exposure decreased spatial memory in adolescents compared to controls, while adult treated mice showed no difference. BECs differed due to a timepoint X age interaction, with adolescent animals regardless of sex showing a consistent decline in ethanol over time. Meanwhile, adult mice showed an initial rise in ethanol followed by a decline. Together this data suggests ethanol metabolism differs in adolescent and adult mice but, despite higher BEC in adult mice, memory is unaffected. This further suggests the adolescent developing brain is more severely affected by the long-lasting impacts of ethanol. Supported by NIAAA R01AA026347 (JTW) and NIAAA F31AA029305 (MAMB). 3. Adolescent Binge The prefrontal cortex (PFC) undergoes significant changes during adolescence, and alcohol exposure during this time is particularly damaging. Consuming alcohol in binges negatively impacts the adolescent brain, causing structural changes, decreased myelin, and lasting memory deficits. Gene expression changes in the PFC were measured to uncover the mechanisms in which ethanol induces these behavioral changes, and results showed that ethanol decreased the expression of chromatin remodeling genes responsible for the methylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36). H3K36me3 is present within the coding region of actively-transcribed genes, and safeguards against aberrant transcription by RNA Polymerase II. H3K36me3 plays a critical role in memory consolidation and is increased in the PFC immediately after a Novel Object Recognition task (NOR). Conversely, decreases in H3K36me3 are associated with deficits in NOR. We hypothesize that dysregulation of H3K36me3 could be responsible for the persistent memory deficits seen in binge ethanol-exposed adolescents. To investigate this, ethanol or water were administered to adolescent mice. ChIP-sequencing was then performed to determine the genes at which H3K36me3 was disrupted by ethanol. While males and females both show ethanol-induced memory deficits, our ChIP results suggest that this phenotype may have different underlying mechanisms. In males, G-protein and PKA binding genes showed altered H3K36me3 binding, while in females, methionine metabolism and methyltransferase activity genes were impacted. In both sexes, synaptic transmission related genes were impacted. Although the underlying mechanism of ethanol-induced memory deficits is not yet confirmed, our results provide preliminary evidence that dysregulation of this mark may be involved. Supported by NIAAA R01AA026347 to JTW and F31AA029259 to ERB. Breast cancer has the highest incidence rate of all cancers globally in women, and those of African descent, especially West African females, face higher rates of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a more aggressive form of breast cancer. Immunotherapy for breast cancer is a relatively new treatment option, and research is ongoing to identify the best combination treatments for increasing survival of those diagnosed with TNBC. Eganelisib (IPI-549: a PI3K-gamma inhibitor that works to shift M2 macrophages to M1 to augment T cell function) with other combinatory treatments has shown promising results in reducing tumor growth and increasing survival in mice. We have been conducting experiments to determine the most effective treatment regimen that will reduce growth of 4T1 mammary cancers, a murine TNBC model in syngeneic BalbC female mice. Combinations of eganelisib, cyclophosphamide, and anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 have been tested to determine how immunotherapy and chemotherapy can induce a strong immune response, resulting in better responses to chemotherapy. Our current data indicates that a treatment regimen combining eganelisib, cyclophosphamide, and anti-PD-1 was most effective at suppressing tumor growth, compared to other treatments that only included one or two of these treatments. Mean tumor sizes of mice treated with a combination of eganelisib and other treatments were 187±70 mm3, 232±71 mm3, and 227±59 mm3 at the end of the experiments, compared to control data of 576±137 mm3, 414±31 mm3, and 591±200 mm3, respectively. These results could lead to further research on effective immunotherapy treatment combinations for TNBC. BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer. Lung cancer exhibits a sex difference, though the exact mechanisms behind this difference are not well understood. Men have a higher lifetime risk of developing lung cancer and often have more severe disease than women. There are thought to be multiple factors that contribute to this difference, including the environment, lifestyle, sex hormones, and differing immune responses. METHODS: Mouse tumor models of lung, breast, colon, melanoma and kidney were used in immune competent or immune compromised mouse models treated with the chemotherapy ABT-263. The study of the immune response to lung tumors utilized ex vivo killing assays, multicolor flow cytometry, and clonogenic survival. RESULTS: We observe a sex difference in two models of lung cancer in immunocompetent mice, but not in models of breast, colon, kidney, or melanoma. This difference is dependent on the innate immune system, specifically through natural killer cells and macrophages. This sex difference is lost in ovariectomized mice. Multicolor flow cytometry shows differences in innate immune cell populations in tumors and spleens in males and females. Preliminary data suggests pro-apoptotic ligands secreted from innate immune cells are more effective on cells exposed to female compared to ovariectomized female mouse serum. Reduced tumor growth in female mice can be further enhanced with ABT-263, and this effect requires NK cells. CONCLUSIONS: The innate immune system modulates the sex difference in lung cancer. This research opens the potential for immune stimulating therapies, combined with ABT-263, as a novel treatment approach. Thermogenic fat differentiation and function can be promoted through multiple pathways, resulting in a common cell phenotype characterized by the expression of Uncoupling Protein-1 and the ability to dissipate energy. Local and systemic stimuli are necessary to promote adequate thermogenic fat vascularization, which is a precondition that enables the transport of substrate and the dissipation of heat. Angiopoietin-2 is an Results: The MAGL inhibitor MJN110 protected against deficit and The CB1R MJN110 protection from the Conclusions: These data demonstrate that repeated administration of low doses of a MAGL inhibitor prevents AI-induced hippocampal-dependent memory task deficits through a CB1R mechanism of action. Thus, MAGL represents a potentially promising strategy to prevent learning and memory impairment produced by prolonged assay Purpose: Novel analgesic drugs should alleviate pain-related behavioral depression. This study evaluated climbing behavior by mice as a potential endpoint for preclinical studies on pain-depressed behavior and analgesic drug development. Methods: Climbing by adult male and female ICR mice was evaluated in plexiglass cylinders equipped with wire mesh covering the inner walls. Time climbing was quantified during 10-min behavioral sessions. Four experiments were conducted in separate groups of ≥ 12 mice (6 male, 6 female). Experiment 1 evaluated stability of climbing in the absence of any treatment during repeated testing over a 2-week period. E


PREFERENCES by AEKYOUNG KIM A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-Newark Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of [Management] Graduate Program in written under the direction of KRISTINA M. DURANTE and approved by ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Newark, New Jersey


In the summer of 1887, Theodore Dreiser, a gawky 16 year-old boy, left a small town in Indiana and went alone to the rapidly growing Midwestern metropolis of Chicago to seek his fortune. He had to start, however, with taking his fi rst job as a busboy at a seedy restaurant. Seven years later, in November, 1894, he arrived in New York where he struggled to establish himself as a journalist and would-be novelist. Once again, he experienced the harshness of life in the big city, only his sufferings in New York, which drove him to the verge of suicide, were even worse than in Chicago. When he wrote his fi rst novel Sister Carrie, he drew on his experiences of these two metropolitan centers. They provided an inexhaustible source of material for his major novels as well as his more overtly autobiographical writings, so much so that he emerged as what might be called the founder of the American city novel. As Blanche Housman Gelfant puts it, "[in] a way, all the assumptions and motifs of modern urban fi ction were implicit in Sister Carrie. It was the generic novel of twentieth-century city fi ction, just as Dreiser was its generic novelist." She further writes that "[he] stands out as a germinal fi gure in American urban fi ction, a fi gure to whom later writers have turned for inspiration because they have found in his novels a fi ctional world that is familiar to them, that is the world they themselves have experienced."


Suppose an $N-$length signal has known frequency support of size $k$. Given sample access to this signal, how fast can we compute the DFT? The answer to this question depends on the structure of the frequency support. We first identify some frequency supports for which (an ideal) $O(k \log k)$ complexity is achievable, referred to as homogeneous sets. We give a generalization of radix-2 that enables $O(k\log k)$ computation of signals with homogeneous frequency support. Using homogeneous sets as building blocks, we construct more complicated support structures for which the complexity of $O(k\log k)$ is achievable. We also investigate the relationship of DFT computation with additive structure in the support and provide partial converses.


In this paper we describe G/G/R+s multi- repairmen machining system with balking. The system consists of M operating machines, S spare machines, R permanent and s additional repairmen. Assuming the discrete flow of machines by continuous one, the diffusion approximation technique for the machine repair system has developed. The system will be in normal working mode if there is M operating machines. When there are less than M and ≤ m, the system is called as short system. The failure rates of operating units in short and normal modes are different. By using the mean and square coefficient of variation of failure and repair time distributions, the queue size distribution has been established. Various performance indices viz. expected number of failed machines, average operating machines etc. have been derived.


This paper proposes a low-complexity joint phase noise (PHN) estimation and decoding algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing relying on index modulation (OFDM-IM) systems. A factor graph (FG) is constructed based on the truncated discrete cosine transform (DCT) expansion model for the variation of PHN. In order to explicitly take into account the structured and sparse a priori information of the frequency-domain symbols provided by the soft-in soft-out (SISO) decoder, the generalized approximate message passing (GAMP) algorithm is employed. Furthermore, to solve the unknown and nonlinear transform matrix problem introduced by the PHN, the mean-field (MF) method is invoked at the observation nodes on the FG. Monte Carlo simulations show the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the existing variational inference (VI) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) methods in terms of their bit error rate (BER) performance and complexity. In addition, we demonstrate that the OFDM-IM scheme outperforms its conventional OFDM counterpart in the presence of PHN.


The description of chemical bonding in real space was recently extended from compounds with sand p-elements to those with d-elements [1]. This allows a better bonding analysis in a large number of binary and ternary intermetallic phases containing transition metals. In case of rare-earth metals (RE) as a cationic component in such compounds, the electronic configuration of RE plays a crucial role for the formation of distinct structural patterns. During the investigation of stability of simple structural patterns derived from the AlB2 structure type, we observed, in particular on YbGa2, that an electronic change of ytterbium can cause a structural transformation [2]. The question of valence instability of ytterbium in the sense of heavy fermion behavior was discussed in detail in the literature [3], however, the bonding aspects of this problem are still analyzed insufficiently. As a first part of a research project in this field we present here the results of detailed experimental investigations of the electronic configuration of ytterbium (depending on pressure and temperature) in some ternary compounds with relatively simple structures containing a transition metal (TM) and gallium. The ytterbium content increases from YbNiGa4 to YbAuGa, the Yb: TM ratio is constant 1:1. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was performed at the HASYLAB at DESY. The diamondanvil cells used for generation of high hydrostatic pressures were modified according to specific requirements (see "X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS)").


Orthogonal design is utilized to screen the formulation of compo und Vc-YinQiao tablets with best stability. The screened formulation was prepar ed by custom wetting-granulation technology. Data from accelerated test demonst rated that the stability was very significantly raised compared to that of marke ted tablets(P0.01). All the statistical analyses were performed by SAS.


The article presents the prerequisites for the use of autonomous cars. The goals that try to achieve their use and the problems that hinder this concept are also identified. The analysis of potentially used communication technologies in autonomous vehicles is carried out. The following technologies were investigated in the analysis: 5G, LTE, eSIM, WiFi, DSRC, Bluetooth and ZigBee. The very concept of autonomous transport has become a reality thanks to the fifth generation (5G) standard, which provides low latency and high data rates. Specialized equipment used by an autonomous vehicle moving on highways is indicated: artificial intelligence, cameras, radar, leader. The analysis of new technologies was also carried out, which included: peripheral computing, cloud computing for vehicles (VCC), SDN, NFV and named data networks (NDN). With the advancement of edge computing, autonomous vehicles have been able to efficiently process data and find patterns over time, moving sensor data closer to the automotive network, leading to faster decision making. With interoperability, autonomous vehicles can mitigate risks using SDN. VCC has a big impact on autonomous vehicles through traffic management and road safety by leveraging vehicle resources such as computers, storage and the Internet to generate solutions. NFV provides the ability to distribute network functions with an emphasis on processing power so that they can be used efficiently. NFV enables 5G-enabled autonomous vehicles to focus on the services and locations that matter most. Autonomous vehicles make it easier for human drivers to perform intelligent operations such as collision avoidance, lane departure warning and traffic sign detection. At the same time, autonomous vehicles strive to reduce fuel consumption and the number of accidents, as well as improve the mobility of people with reduced mobility and the elderly. Autonomous transport can reduce the large number of accidents that occur due to unsteady driving, bad weather or pedestrian disruptions, as well as speeding and human error. By successfully completing the development of an autonomous vehicle, accidents can be prevented by 90%.


The Musselwhite mine is a world-class gold deposit hosted in polydeformed amphibolite-facies banded iron-formation of the Mesoarchean North Caribou greenstone belt, northwestern Superior Province. The deposit is located about 2 km west of the tectonic boundary with the gneissic Island Lake domain. Detailed underground and surface mapping, core logging, and structural analyses have been undertaken to better characterize the various controls on gold mineralization. The west antiform trench 1 and esker docks exposures show the dominant northwest-trending structural pattern related to the main (D2) deformation phase. Multiple metre-scale type 3 F1-F2 and F2-F3 fold interference patterns are documented in the banded iron-formation. Coupled with regional-scale geological and U-Pb geochronological data, structural observations by the authors suggest that the mine area is located along the overturned limb of a kilometric-scale F1 syncline that influenced the regional distribution and geometry of the prospective banded iron-formation units, preceding the main D2 deformation. Underground mapping of the 1045 main ramp and 770 level 11780N crosscut sections indicates that the ore, in the northern iron-formation, mainly occurs as stratabound pyrrhotite-rich replacements and associated quartz-flooding of the garnet-rich silicate banded iron-formation facies, and locally as discordant syndeformation quartz±pyrrhotite veins. The ore zones are associated with D2-related high-strain zones, and are concentrated in hinges and along strongly attenuated limbs of F2 folds. The composition of the garnet-rich silicate facies and layered mechanical anisotropy induced by competent banded iron-formation horizons embedded in less competent mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks strongly influenced the deformation style and played an important role in controlling flow of gold-bearing fluids and formation and distribution of the ore.


Foreign bodies, such as surgical sponges or drains, are sometimes retained after surgical procedures.1 Retention of a drain in the breast tissue postoperatively is an unusual complication. This report describes two cases of characteristic sonographic findings related to retained silastic drains following breast surgery.


This paper deals with an approach to estimate the road profile, by use of second order sliding mode observer. The method is based on a robust observer designed with a nominal dynamic model of vehicle. The estimation accuracy of observer has been validated experimentally using a trailer equiped with position sensors and accelerometers