The article examines the Supreme Court's legal rules regarding the defining features of sincere repentance and the factors that indicate its presence. It has been established that the Supreme Court often resorts to an ambiguous interpretation of the content and forms of manifestation of sincere repentance and the use of value judgments when it applies the provisions of the Criminal Code regarding sincere repentance. In several decisions, the Supreme Court ruled that active repentance is present when two conditions are met. First, the perpetrator shall fully confess to the committed crime, and second, she shall truthfully testify about all known to her circumstances of the offense. The Supreme Court also noted that if a person conceals the substantial circumstances of a crime, which significantly complicates its disclosure, confesses only in part of committed to avoid a just punishment, her repentance cannot be considered sincere, genuine. Such language, full of value judgments used by the Court, does not facilitate the uniformity in applying the criminal law.Supreme Court's case-law suggests no need to establish all the possible forms of manifestation of sincere repentance in the perpetrator's conduct to apply to mitigate his sentence. It is generally sufficient to prove a perpetrator's confession and establish that he has faithfully testified about all known to him circumstances of the committed crime to law enforcement. Other possible manifestations of sincere repentance affect the credibility of the perpetrator's statement regarding his genuine repentance.It has been established that active repentance does not require the perpetrator to agree with the qualification of the crime offered by law enforcement. The right to disagree with the qualification of crime by prosecution is an essential part of the constitutional right to self-protection against criminal charges. Narrowing down the scope of this right may not constitute a pre-condition for mitigation of criminal liability.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to article made of folding sheet material. Article comprises sheet material with the first set of folds in odd number and second set of folds in even number extending perpendicular to said first set of folds that defines the sheet material segments. Article comprises electrically conducting pattern or printed registration code pattern on sheet segment which does not extend through the fold in unfolded position. EFFECT: article made of folding sheet material. 44 cl, 9 dwg


Abstract : Current Army doctrine lacks a security metrics paradigm similar to the infrastructure paradigm SWEAT-MSO. Because of this, commanders, staff, subordinates, other government leaders, and the media lack a simple and common set of terms to use when communicating an assessment of security in a counterinsurgency environment. This thesis examines the history of the use of counterinsurgency metrics for security. It examines one successful counterinsurgency, United Kingdom in Malaya, 1948-1960; one unsuccessful counterinsurgency, France in Algeria, 1954-1962; and one ongoing counterinsurgency, Allied Elements in Iraq, 2003-Present. This research examines each of these regarding two lenses: systems analysis and tipping points. The successful metrics used in these counterinsurgencies are summarized in the security incident chronology acronym SLTWCT "slitwick-tee" (Security Incidents, Local Security Force Organization, Tips and Reports, Warrants, Captures and Sensitive Site Exploitation, and Trials).


Measurement technology with nanometer scale or higher level precision is the basis and guarantee for developing atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing. Optical measurement has the advantages of high precision, wide range and real-time measurement. The precision of localizing a single imaging spot's center is not limited by the diffraction limit and could reach nanometer scale. However, the shot noise of light and the dark current noise of the detector bring about a precision limit for optical measurement. Based on the Cramer-Rao lower bound theory, a precision limit estimation method for general imaging profiles is developed in this paper. Taking the typical Airy spot for example, the influences of the parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio, energy concentration and processing method on the positioning precision limit are analyzed, and suggestions and conclusions for improving the measurement precision are given. The precision limit of a laboratory imaging spot is calculated, which verifies that the conclusions are also suitable for the imaging profiles similar to the Airy spot. The research provides the analytical method and theoretical guidance for the application and optimization of optical measurement in atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing.


This research examines fertility trends in more developed urban districts in China and provides empirical evidence which enhances our theoretical understanding of fertility. The research uses the study areas of Shanghai Beijing Changchun and Shenyang with the assumption that these cities might provide insights into future fertility trends in China. Data were collected using survey questionnaires and face-to-face and telephone interviews. Participants and their parents reported their demographic characteristics and reproductive desires and the reasons behind their decisions. Selected participants and family planning officials and workers were interviewed to check the reliability of the information provided on the surveys and to further examine explanations for fertility decline. The research found major differences in demographic characteristics and behaviours between generations and among different demographic groups and the four cities. Very low fertility and reproductive desire were found in these places together with a high proportion of childless families and a high male/female sex ratio. Career pressure and financial constraints were found to be more important than the one-child policy in explaining these trends. These findings generally agree with local reports and publications and common explanations of fertility change in developed countries. (authors)


This study describes the integration of citizenship education into the K to 12 Junior High School Economics curriculum in the Philippines. Content analysis of the 2016 Curriculum Guide Learning Competencies (CGLCs) and 2020 Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) for Social Studies was conducted to determine the alignment of the Economics curriculum with liberal individualist and civic republican conceptions of citizenship. Gaps that need to be addressed in the alignment of Economics learning competencies with citizenship education were explicated. Results of the study show that the Junior High School Economics curriculum integrates liberal individualist and civic republican conceptions of citizenship. However, civic-oriented outcomes like wastong pagbabayad ng buwis (correct payment of taxes) and bayanihan spirit (communal unity) need to be explicitly stated to ensure that these essential outcomes will not be missed out in the unpacking of the learning competencies.


Abstract Big data technology has gained prominence among academia and organizations around the world. As libraries continue to receive data from different sources like physical and electronic books and journals, recordings, maps, field trip documentation, and a host of others, big data technology becomes essential in managing all these datasets. However, much is unknown about its adoption among library personnel in academic libraries in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Thus, the research examined librarians' behavioral intentions to adopt big data technology in Nigerian universities. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to 317 library personnel. The hypothesized relationships in the model were tested using the Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM). The results show that performance expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions influence behavioral intention to adopt big data technology. Contrarily, effort expectancy does not influence behavioral intention to adopt big data technology. With 50% of the variance in library personnel's intention to use big data technology explained by this model, it could help determine factors that could influence big data technology acceptance and use in academic libraries.


Cavities embedded in photonic crystal waveguides offer a promising route towards large scale integration of coupled resonators for quantum electrodynamics applications. Here a strongly coupled system consisting of a single quantum dot and a cavity formed by the local width modulation of a photonic crystal waveguide is demonstrated. The resonance originating from the cavity is clearly identified from microphotoluminescence mapping of the scattered signal along the waveguide. The exciton‐photon strong coupling regime is obtained by temperature control.


We describe observations of the nearby (cz = 11,487 km s-1) cluster of galaxies Abell 576 beyond the virial radius and into the infall region where galaxies are on their first or second pass through the cluster. Using 1057 redshifts, we use the infall pattern in redshift space to determine the mass profile of A576 to a radius of ∼4 h-1 Mpc. This mass estimation technique makes no assumptions about the equilibrium state of the cluster. Within ∼1 h-1 Mpc, the mass profile we derive exceeds that determined from X-ray observations by a factor of ∼2.5. At ∼2.5 h-1 Mpc, however, the mass profile agrees with virial mass estimates. Our mass profile is consistent with a Navarro, Frenk, & White or Hernquist profile, but it is inconsistent with an isothermal sphere. R-band images of a 3° × 3° region centered on the cluster allow an independent determination of the cluster light profile. We calculate the integrated mass-to-light ratio as a function of cluster radius; it decreases smoothly from the core to M/LR∼300 h at ∼4 h-1 Mpc. The differential M/LR profile decreases more steeply; we find δM/δLR ∼ 100 h at ∼4 h-1 Mpc, in good agreement with the mass-to-light ratios of individual galaxies. If the behavior of M/LR in A576 is general, Ωm ≲ 0.4 at 95% confidence. For a Hernquist model, the best-fit mass profiles differ from the observed surface number density of galaxies; the galaxies have a larger scale radius than the mass. This result is consistent with the centrally peaked M/LR profile. Similarly, the scale radius of the light profile is larger than that of the mass profile. We discuss some potential systematic effects; none can easily reconcile our results with a constant mass-to-light ratio.


Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacement different levels and sources of methionine (Met) with betaine on jejunal morphology, duodenal mitochondrial respiration, and lipid peroxidation in heat-stressed broiler chickens. A total of 1,200 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to two similar poultry houses. The experiment was designed as a 2 (ambient temperatures) × 2 (Met sources) × 3 (Met levels) × 2 (betaine amounts) split-plot factorial arrangement. Basal diets (Low-Met) were formulated with DL-or L-Met to meet Ross 308 nutrient recommendations except for Met which was 30% lower than the recommendation. Met level in basal diets was increased to the recommendation and/or 30% more than recommendation (High-Met) by supplemental DL-or L-Met. Betaine was or was not partially substituted at a 30% equivalent level of supplemental DL- or L-Met. HS was induced by increasing ambient temperature to 32 °C for 6 h daily in one house from 10 to 42 d. The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in Low-Met diets. Low-L-Met diets showed greatest FCR than Low-DL-Met diets groups. Breast muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was decreased by increasing dietary Met level under HS. Duodenal MDA concentration and complex (Cox) III activity was lower and higher in L-Met diets than DL-Met diets, respectively. Cox II activity was increased in High-Met diets, and also was improved by betaine replacement. Villus height (VH) and Villus surface (VS) was increased in L-Met diets compared to DL-Met diets. Generally, L-Met was more effective than DL-Met in jejunal morphology, reducing duodenal MDA, and increasing Cox III activity. Betaine had the potential to be a partial replacement for Met. HIGHLIGHTS L-Met was more efficient than DL-Met in duodenal malondialdehyde concentration and complex III activity. Heat stress reduced the growth performance of broilers through its negative effects on intestinal development and duodenal activity of respiratory chain complexes. Betaine could have a protective effect on mitochondrial function in the tissues of broiler chickens.


A manual service disconnect (106) for a battery system includes a disconnect header (110) having a housing (122) defining a socket (128), a high current terminal connector (130) within the sleeve, a high-voltage locking connector ( HVIL connector) (132) within the socket, and a control device terminal connector (134) within the socket. A disconnect plug (112) is detachably coupled to the circuit breaker base. The disconnector plug has a high current fuse, which is electrically connected to the high current terminal connector, and has a HVIL shunt connection (138) which is electrically connected to the HVIL connectors. A current power control device (136) is received in the sleeve and electrically connected to the control device mating connector. The current efficiency control device is exposed for maintenance purposes, when the circuit breaker plug is removed from the circuit breaker base, and access to the power efficiency control device is not possible, when the circuit breaker plug is coupled to the circuit breaker base.


With a wide variety of mobile applications and social networks, there is a growing demand for anytime, anywhere access to high quality video and other multimedia content. Fifth generation wireless networks are aiming to keep up with user demands by incorporating new spectrum bands at high frequencies, which results in shrinking of cell sizes and eventually leads to small cells. Dense deployment of small cells and base stations open up new opportunities for faster and energy-efficient access to content. Content caching at small cell base stations, for the purpose of reducing delay, has been studied in several previous works. In our previous work, we used Integer Linear Programming (ILP) models to show that content caching can also reduce energy consumption of User Equipment (UE). In particular, selecting a subset of small cell base stations to cache the content, reduces uplink energy budget, cuts down caching energy budget and simplifies management of distributed caches. Yet, ILP based methods are powerful for obtaining benchmark results but they are computationally intensive for large size problems. In this paper, we propose a particle swarm optimization (PSO) based scheme to deploy an overlay small cell content-caching network with the aim of reducing UE energy consumption. We show that PSO is computationally efficient while it slightly increases energy consumption with respect to the ILP-based methods.


This paper reports the development of a database for an educational leadership program. It outlines the need for databases to support leadership programs and describes how they may be used most productively. Hardware and software requirements and resources for the development of such databases are included, as is a step-by-step process to enable others to develop their own databases. This information gives faculty members an easy way to track the progress of present and past students. It also provides a simple method for students to submit information about them and keep that information current even after graduation. Furthermore, it gives faculty members data for informed program decisions and for and for modeling the collection and use of such data for prospective school administrators.


We introduce a framework for reordering join pipelines at runtime in a database system. This framework incorporates novel techniques for simulating the execution of a join pipeline using random samples and statistical summaries. Our simulation techniques provide accurate runtime cardinality estimates along all alternative execution paths of a join pipeline. These estimates are then utilized to compare costs of alternative execution paths in a dynamic fashion, and reorder the pipeline if a better alternative path is found. We describe simulation techniques for pipelines of different kinds of join operators. We present an experimental evaluation of a prototype implementation of our framework in an open source data manager. The results demonstrate the feasibility and utility of the approach presented herein.


Confronting with the dispute between medical staff and patients, medical higher education must abide by Elite Education. The traditional teaching frame followed by the concept that the study is just known as a special activity of recognition must be broken through. The rational medical specialty knowledge must return to medical science culture full of humanistic spirit, so as to establish the life exploring situations in medical higher education. Human-orientation and morality education must be adopted to promote the responsibility of medical undergraduates to save life in their future career. And then the new medical curriculums quality education system was developed to attach importance to new concept of cherishing life based on "Life & Practice Theory". In this paper, Quality Education Project performance in Medical Parasitology was explored in theory and practice.

Key words:
Medical Parasitology;  Quality Education Project;  Life & Practice Education Theory; Quality education


It is very important to strengthen the training of college student cadres to improve the talent quality.after summarizing the importance of student cadres and analyzing the current problems on university student cadres training,we put forward the layered model,which made up of three levels,they are universal screening,professional and focal training,interdisciplinary talents training,we also paying much attention to the combination of theory and practice,all of this has a positive guidance and realistic significance on student cadres training under the new situation.


Summary form only given. The z-pinch driven hohlraum high-yield concept is in the process of being experimentally validated on the Z accelerator, qualifying its performance with respect to hohlraum energetics, radiation symmetry, pulse shaping, capsule preheat, and z-pinch physics scaling. Key parts of the assessment effort are the measurement and simulation of capsule radiation symmetry on Z, and the theoretical scaling of radiation symmetry from the hohlraum conditions on Z (70-90 eV) to the 200-250 eV hohlraum temperatures characteristic of a device for driving high yield capsules. Recently, we have begun to use the Z-beamlet laser (ZBL) to create high-energy (4.75 - 6.7 keV) X-rays for backlighting capsule implosion experiments on Z in point projection mode. The hohlraum geometry is a single-sided power feed analog to the high-yield concept, in which a central secondary hohlraum containing the capsule is driven by a z-pinch primary hohlraum at each end. Images at 4.75 and 6.7 keV backlighting energies have been obtained, mapping the trajectory and distortion of a 2-mm initial diameter plastic ablator capsule over multiple shots.


Owing to its unparalleled tractability, the Poisson point process (PPP) has emerged as a popular model for the analysis of cellular networks. Considering a stationary point process of users, which is independent of the base station (BS) point process, it is well known that the typical user does not lie in the typical cell and thus may not truly represent the typical cell performance. Inspired by this observation, we present a construction that allows a direct characterization of the downlink performance of the typical cell. For this, we present an exact downlink analysis for the 1-D case and a remarkably accurate approximation for the 2-D case. Several useful insights about the differences and similarities in the two viewpoints (typical user vs. typical cell) are also provided.


A dicut in a directed graph is a cut for which all of its edges are directed to a common side of the cut. A famous theorem of Lucchesi and Younger states that in every finite digraph the least size of a set of edges meeting every non-empty dicut equals the maximum number of disjoint dicuts in that digraph. Such sets are called dijoins. Woodall conjectured a dual statement. He asked whether the maximum number of disjoint dijoins in a directed graph equals the minimum size of a non-empty dicut. We study a modification of this question where we restrict our attention to certain classes of non-empty dicuts, i.e. whether for a class B of dicuts of a directed graph the maximum number of disjoint sets of edges meeting every dicut in B equals the size of a minimum dicut in B. In particular, we verify this questions for nested classes of finite dicuts, for the class of dicuts of minimum size, and for classes of infinite dibonds, and we investigate how this generalised setting relates to a capacitated version of this question.


2 Absract: The anthelmintic potency of the aqueous and crude extract of Carica papaya seeds was studied in 40 WAD sheep naturally infected with nematodes. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, A, B, C and D with 10 animals per group. Group A animals were untreated, while those in group B were treated with proprietary anthelmintic (Mebendazole). Groups C and D animals were treated with powdery and aqueous forms of C.papaya via oral routes respectively. Two weeks after treatment, blood and faecal samples were collected to evaluate haematological values and faecal egg counts respectively. The procedure was repeated two weeks later. Results of this study showed that the powdery and aqueous C.papaya after its administration produced a significant increase (P< 0.001) in PCV, RBC, Hb conc. and lymphocyte counts and significant decreased in eosinophil counts. The faecal egg counts also showed a remarkable and significant reduction in the levels of the identified helminths. The reduction in faecal egg counts was more pronounced with the aqueous extract than crude extract administered through the oral route. The effects of the C.papaya seed extracts were broad spectrum in action. The papain compound present in the C.papaya seed extracts could have caused reduction in worm load through this same mechanism that culminates in exhaustion and death of worms. Since the aqueous and crude extract of C.papaya significantly reduced the faecal egg counts of the helminths, it could serve as an anthelmintic agent.


Watching others play is a key ingredient of digital games and an important aspect of games user research. However, spectatorship is not very popular in virtual reality, as such games strongly rely on one's feelings of presence. In other words, the head-mounted display creates a barrier between the player and the audience. We contribute an alternative watching approach consisting of two major components: a dynamic view frustum that renders the game scene from the current spectator position and a one-way mirror in front of the screen. This mirror, together with our silhouetting algorithm, allows seeing the player's reflection at the correct position in the virtual world. An exploratory survey emphasizes the overall positive experience of the viewers in our setup. In particular, the participants enjoyed their ability to explore the virtual surrounding via physical repositioning and to observe the blended player during object manipulations. Apart from requesting a larger screen, the participants expressed a strong need to interact with the player. Consequently, we suggest utilizing our technology as a foundation for novel playful experiences with the overarching goal to transform the passive spectator into a collocated player.


This paper is concerned with nonlinear buckling problem of inclined rod subjected to concentrated loads and moments at the ends. Rigorous analysis of geometrically nonlinear structures demands creating mathematical models that accurately include loading and support conditions. This work introduces a new analytical approach to construct the governing equations considering large displacement. The mathematical formulation based on geometrical compatibility, equilibrium of forces and moments and constitutive relations considering large displacements. The geometrical compatibility relationship is getting from integrating along the elastic curve of the deformed rod. A system of nonlinear and integral equations with boundary conditions prescribed at both end is constructed. Using the arc length technique the paper developed incremental-iterative algorithm for solving the system of nonlinear equation. Based on the proposed algorithm, the paper established the calculation procedure and the programs for determining the equilibrium path for generally supported inclined rod subjected to concentrated loads and moments at the end.


This research contains a study to deepen several elements of the judgment of moral damage in terms of its legal status and the procedure it possesses in the law, with reference to the quantification of compensation in the proceedings. The problem being the absence of regulations, which rule the amount of compensation, or failing to make a calculation formula that allows the administrator of justice to base his decision on this issue. The comparative law has been used, in order to establish if there is any rule to support the decision of the judge, in terms of the parameters of repair of the moral damage, since in Colombian legislation there is a table in which an amount is determined Approximate compensation, which allows a better application of the legal figure and effective protection for the person who was harmed.

Once this information was discerned, surveys were applied to the selected population, with these replies the conclusions and recommendations that were reflected at the end of this research were reached.


In a laboratory experiment, subjects played ten two-person 3x3 constant sum games and stated beliefs about the frequencies of play by their opponents. Contrary to previous experimental evidence, game-theoretical predictions work well: 80% of actions coincided with Nash equilibrium, subjects were good at predicting the action which was played with highest frequency and 73% of actions taken were best responses to stated beliefs. Complexity, measured by the necessary number of rounds of iterated deletion of dominated strategies to reach the equilibrium, did not affect behavior, although whether games were dominance solvable had an effect. We discuss possible reasons why results differ when the games and the experimental procedures are changed.


The invention belongs to the field of precise three-dimensional measurement, and particularly relates to a method for calibrating a gamma value in a phase measurement system. On the basis of an ideal gamma distortion model, a gamma non-linear response model considering projector defocuses is created, and on the basis, a novel gamma value calibration method easy to implement is provided. The method includes 1), projecting two groups of raster images onto a to-be-tested target respectively, wherein the phase shift L and gamma' of the raster images are valued as 1 or positive integers greater than 1 respectively, and shooting the two groups of raster images by an industrial camera; 2), as to each group of raster images, calculating amplitude of kth harmonic wave k and then acquiring 2/ 1 and 2'/ 1' after respective calculation; 3) calculating gamma and sigma of each pixel in each camera image respectively; 4), averaging the gamma of pixels in camera images to take the average value as a gamma value calibrated by the phase measurement system. By the gamma value calibration method, phase errors caused by system gamma nonlinearity can be effectively eliminated.


The aim of this study was to analyze through kinematics two components of Obstacle Run (OR): the obstacle passing average time (OAT) and the clean race mean time (CRT). The sample consisted of 07 athletes divided into two groups: Brazil Group (06 athletes from Brazil's Team of Military Pentathlon) and Record Group (world's record athlete of OR). To be better analyzed the OR was divided into two main components. From these definitions, it was possible to analyze the variable time (s) of each component: the OAT, the CRT and the official total race time (TT) of the competition each athlete. OAT values of both groups are close, but the same was not true for CRT. Considering the variables CRT and OAT and comparing them between Brazil Group (CRT = 4.18s; OAT = 2.886s) and Record Group (CRT = 3.366s; OAT = 2.784s), the average results achieved from the obtained times indicated that there were no significant difference between groups. Although it was noted no evidence of significant difference between the groups, it is observed that the Record Group has a better ability of 19.47% when compared to the Brazilian athletes in the variable CRT. The results of our study suggest that the OAT and CRT are highly correlated with results of TT. However, only the TCL showed a significant correlation. Thus, it is necessary to emphasize the training of running, running technique and reaction time in order to improve the CRT.


Are identities fungible? How do people come to identify with specific groups? This paper proposes a revealed preference approach, using food consumption to uncover ethnic and religious identity choices in India. We first show that consumption \of identity goods responds to forces suggested by social identity research: group status and group salience. Moreover, identity choices respond to the cost of following the group's prescribed behaviors. We propose and estimate a demand system to quantify the identity changes that followed India's 1991 reforms. While social identity research has focused on status and salience, our results suggest that economic costs also play an important role.


With the hope of being able to demonstrate the relative effect of predator species on the young sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) in different lakes, the Skeena river investigation instituted a program of standard gill-netting in 1945. Study of the catches and information obtained from netting experiments indicated that the catch per net-night was the best estimation of the concentration of each preying species i n different areas. Coupling this catch per net-night with the average volume of sockeye found in the stomachs of predators caught, a measure of predation called the "predation index" was calculated. On the basis of this index, the populations of nine lakes of the Skeena drainage were classified as either high, low or intermediate i n effect on young sockeye. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Page 1 The Problem 1 L i t erature 1 Approach to the Problem 5 MATERIALS AND METHODS 6 Standard Netting. • • 6 Recording 8 Stomach Sampling and Analysis. 9 DISCUSSION OF SAMPLING TECHNIQUE 11 Selectivity of Gill-Nets. 11 Selectivity of one mesh. •• 11 Selectivity of a gang 16 l Selectivity due to depth and position.. •. 18 Area Affected by a Gill-Net and Signs of Depletion 20 Time at which Fish enter the Nets 24 EVALUATION OF PREDATION 26 Development of the Predation Index 26 Application of Predation Index to Different Species....... 28 Lake Trout. 28 Dolly'Varden 31 Squawfish 33 Trout 35 Burbot 37 Sculpin 41 Classification of Lakes in Order of Predator Effect on Young Sockeye 41 SUMMARY 45 CONCLUSIONS 49 ACMOWLEDGEMMTS 50 LITERATURE CITED 51


BACKGROUND
Emergency responders have jobs with physical demands that put them at risk of musculoskeletal injuries.

OBJECTIVES
This paper systematically reviews existing literature examining the relationship between fitness and occupational injury in this group.

METHODS
Comprehensive electronic searches were conducted using key words relating to musculoskeletal injury, fitness, and emergency responders.

RESULTS
Eleven articles included in the review provided limited evidence for the relationship between physical fitness test scores and injury risk. There appears to be a correlation between better aerobic fitness and decreased risk of injury.

CONCLUSIONS
Evidence of the relationship between aspects of physical fitness and occupational injury in emergency responders is extremely limited. More research is required to expand the knowledge in this area and to draw more definitive conclusions.


In the article the implementation of hierarchical model of fl exible discrete process for resource conversion is examined. The algorithm for predicate model of fl exible multivariant process on the base of its log-fi le analysis is proposed. This algorithm details the method of constructing a hierarchical predicate model of fl exible process. Predicates formalize the relationship between the process actions. Therefore, the representation of the process model as a hierarchy of actions enables us to compare the model with additional data from the log fi le, in particular with the hierarchy of the process performers. As the result of comparison between the proposed algorithm and its analogs the improvement of the model is performed. The representation of actions sequence of the process as a hierarchy of models makes it easier to confi gure the model. Confi guration is performed by removing the redundant tree branches for a particular application process. The proposed algorithm consistently performs next operations: importing of log-fi le, allocation of a set of basic process elements on the base of log-fi le analysis (sequence, choice, loop, concurrency), building the hierarchy of actions of the process from the resulting set of basic elements, as well as exporting model by the hierarchy levels.


This article talks about how certain elements affected the prairie community. By using a Robel pole to measure the density and volume of vegetation, and a PAR Light Meter to measure the light saturation. There were two sets of data taken one n June and one in July, this gave a range of measurements at different stages in growth. Different elements such as age, fire, and bison were looked at, but it was decided that fire and bison had the most affect. The data collected was averaged to find p-values, which told whether the data collected supported the original objectives.


I n the burgeoning literature on "tradition" both within the Pacific and without, there is a persistent specter of inauthenticity.1 In the discourse of Pacific peoples and in the discourse of Western commentators, contrasts are made between true tradition and the invented artifact, between culture as a way of life as "simply living" and culture as a reified symbol of a way of life, between tradition as inheritance from the ancestors and tradition as the manipulative rhetoric of contemporary politicians. In this paper I offer a challenge to this dichotomy—first because a notion of true tradi tion entails a way of seeing Pacific cultures as unitary essences (cf, Handler and Linnekin 1984); second because it concords with a view of Pacific peoples as peoples without history before the West brought "social change," progress, and economic development (see Wolf 1982); and third because it equates unself-consciousness with authenticity (and by implica tion self-consciousness with inauthenticity). First I testify to the pervasiveness of this dichotomy in some of the most


The student is assessed at a series of stations with one or two aspects of competence being tested at each station. The examination can be described as a 'focused' examination with each station focusing on one or two aspects of competence. In a typical examination there may be 20 such stations and students rotate round the stations at a predetermined time interval. A 20-stations examination with 5 minutes at each station will occupy 100 minutes. One circuit of 20 stations will allow 20 students to be examined simultaneously. If the number of students is greater than 20, this can be accommodated by running parallel circuits of stations or by repeating the single circuit with another group of students. Although the concept of an examination with stations round which students rotate represents an important aspect of the OSCE, the examination is more than just a 'multi-station' examination.


Agricultural books are called Nongseo that recorded various kinds item about farming When mark the name of species of crop in tills book, write and explained again this In Hangul by Idu(史讀)'s Chinese character But, explanation of such species is by all Chinese characters and there is no entirely Hangul explaining. Hangeulbon(한글본) Nongseo is begun to edit for the first time entering in 17th century But, most Hangeulbon Nongseo were things about food and cooking Nongseo make of Korean-Chinese or Japanese edited since 19th century close of an age There are much the name of com, plant( vegetations, tree kind, fruit), animal(birds and beasts, insect species), the name of medicines, farm implements etc in vocabularies that show to Nongseo These thesis consists individually or is classed in name of hyangyak, plant, animal, medicine, food etc and had been handled some to Nongseo vocabulary But, is not observing whole identifying marks of vocabulary being observing individual language special quality on the basis of data analysis of specification books or semantic field not that observe general appearance of a language that these researches show to Nongseo Therefore, inflect vocabularies that show to Nongseo after is orignal regularly to history of vocabulary, wish to investigate change aspect of vocabulary (Kyungsung University)


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the techniques involved in participant observation and to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the method as related to event research.Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature examines applications of the research method and discusses the steps of the research cycle. Using the example of the Swell Sculpture Festival, participant observation is demonstrated to be a highly appropriate method to gather data on interactions and relationships through the recording of behaviour, conversation and experience in situ.Findings – Participant observation has been used to inform the development of management strategies, including management of crowd behavior, public risk and safety.Research limitations/implications – The paper suggests that methods of participant observation can be used to gain a deeper understanding of social dynamics of audiences and the affective dimensions of their behaviour. It is suggested that the method is highly appropriate to...


[Objective] The aim was to study adaptive evolution in the RubisCO large subunits of Magnoliophyta crops.[Method] Taking Magnoliophyta crops such as corn,rice and others as research materials,the analysis on molecular adaptive evolution was carried out by using codon replacement and maximum likelihood methods.[Result] The result showed that RubisCO suffered positive selection effect and 6 amino acid sites were identified.[Conclusion] The 6 amino acid sites have important guiding significance for studying catalytic activity of RubisCO large subunits and crop improvement.


The compound [ZrLCl3][L = HB(3,5-Me2C3N2H)3] reacts with the sterically undemanding phenol derivatives HOC6H4Z (Z = H, 2-F, 3-F, 4-F, 3-NO2, 4-NO2 or 4-But) to give only the tris(aryloxo) complexes [ZrL(OC6H4Z)3], even when [ZrLCl3] is present in excess. When sterically demanding phenol derivatives are used it is possible to obtain mixed chloro–aryloxo zirconium complexes so that [ZrL(Cl)(OC6H3Me2-2,6)2], [ZrL(Cl)(OC6H4Ph-2)2], [ZrLCl2(OC6H3Me2-2,6)] and [ZrLCl2(OC6H3Ph2-2,6)] have been isolated in addition to [ZrL(OC6H3Me2-2,6)3] and [ZrL(OC6H4Ph-2)3]. X-Ray crystallographic studies of [ZrL(OC6H4NO2-4)3], [ZrL(OC6H3Me2-2,6)3] and [ZrL(Cl)(OC6H3Me2-2,6)2] reveal that, in each case, the zirconium ion has a distorted-octahedral co-ordination geometry. The respective Zr–O(aryl) distances for these complexes are 1.978(1), 1.973(3)(mean) and 1.948(1)A(mean); while the respective Zr–O–C(aryl) angles are 161.4(1), 175(1)(mean) and 174(2)°(mean). In all of these structures the aryl group is found to be oriented towards the ligand L and interposed between neighbouring 3,5-Me2C3N2H moieties.


A study on motorcycle safety was conducted for the Hawaii Department of Transportation by the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Hawaii. The study is based on a telephone survey of 494 motorcycle owners and operators that was conducted in August 1989. Trends in motorcycle accidents are described, results from the attitudinal study are given, and several legislative, administrative, and programmatic recommendations for improving motorcycle safety in Hawaii are proposed, including restoring Hawaii's mandatory helmet law and requiring motorcycle safety education courses for all new riders. A disproportionately large share of those involved in fatal motorcycle accidents was found to be neither licensed nor insured. Some ways that licensing and registration systems might be enhanced to improve motorcycle safety in Hawaii are suggested.


The European Union today consists of 25 Member States. The Member States all have different tax systems and different rates of taxation. A few Council Directives have been adopted in order to harmonize direct taxation between the Member States, but none regarding cross-border losses. Losses are negative profits, they do not give rise to the levy of taxes but they may reduce the tax burden that would have been imposed on positive income. So the tax treatment of losses can prove to be of great significance for companies wishing to make expansions, either domestically or abroad. There is currently an increase in tax competition between states. This means that states lower their taxes to attract capital and establishments from foreign investors. The investments create job opportunities as well as economic growth in these countries. Within the EU, tax competition between the 25 Member States is possible as long as neither the tax rates nor bases are harmonized. The treatment of losses for groups of companies in most European countries today provide for a different taxation depending on if a group has undertakings domestically or abroad. If a group has domestic subsidiaries, their losses can be taken into consideration by the other companies within the same group. If a loss is incurred in a foreign subsidiary, many European countries are reluctant to let these losses be taken into consideration within their own jurisdiction. In recent case law developed by the ECJ there are arguments pointing to that such national legislation, that provides different tax treatment for foreign and domestic losses, can constitute an infringement of the EC Treaty. This infringement can consist of either indirect discrimination or a restriction of the freedom of establishment conferred on all Community nationals. The pending Marks and Spencer case before the ECJ is regarding the tax treatment provided for losses suffered in foreign subsidiaries. The UK group relief system is only applicable to UK parent companies with subsidiaries established domestically, or carrying out economic activity within the UK. Seven Member States intervened in this case, allegedly, because the tax treatment carried out by the UK is similar to the way most European countries are dealing with losses incurred in foreign subsidiaries. The Member States expressed at the hearing in February their fear of loosing tax revenue if they must give the same treatment to foreign as to domestically suffered losses. The Advocate General Poiares Maduro recently delivered his Opinion regarding the M&&semicS case. His view is that the UK legislation contains a clear restriction on the freedom of establishment. However, the AG has expressed his concern that a completely open system could give rise to the use of the same losses twice, which would be contrary to the EC Treaty objectives. Therefore, AG Maduro has suggested that national provisions, which exclude foreign losses afforded equivalent tax treatment within the suffering company's home jurisdiction, may be justified under the ground of fiscal coherence. The solution provided by AG Maduro is contrary to the ECJ case law as it stands at present. The justification ground of fiscal coherence, has always been rejected by the ECJ, when the advantage and the tax levied does not affect the same taxpayer. Moreover, according to the author, the solution provided by AG Maduro can still entail further restrictions. The judgment of the ECJ is expected at the end of the year and has been anticipated by scholars, because of the impact it may cause on different Member States national legislation. Many are expecting the outcome to be similar to the proposal of the AG Maduro. Hopefully, this judgment will be clear in what treatment needs to be provided for foreign losses as compared to domestic in order not to infringe any of the articles in the Treaty. Moreover, it will be clear in what grounds if any can justify a differentiated treatment of foreign and domestically suffered losses. (Less)


The emulsion is a dispersion of two immiscible liquids, in which one liquid is a dispersed phase and other is a continuous phase Water borne coating scores over solvent borne coating in various respects like reduced toxicity, odour, flammability and environmental risk. The use of polymeric materials, in powder form, has been growing over the past ten years at a high rate. The success is the result of environmental and economical advantages combined with energy saving and good application properties. The supply of liquid emulsions is disadvantageous as the transportation is expensive, emulsions may be destabilized or change its quality with lapse of time and treatment of waste water may be required after the use of emulsions. In the view of these disadvantages recently emulsions are dried. Under the right conditions powders can behave as fluids and be disposed and blended quickly and can be used for adhesive, paint, cement, mortar, paper, coating applications.


A66-year old man with obstructive jaundice was found to have an unresectable pancreatic tumour on contrast-enhanced CT scan. Sagittal (Figure 1) and 3-D (Figure 2) reconstructions of the CT scan images revealed complete agenesis of the coeliac axis, with the splenic and hepatic arteries arising directly from the superior mesenteric artery. The arterial supply of the gastrointestinal tract develops in week 4 of embryological life. The future blood vessels of the GI tract are formed from the vitelline system, which is composed of two bilateral arterial plexuses which coalesce to form arteries from the dorsal aorta to GI tract. Above the diaphragm the vitelline channels amalgamate to form about 5 pairs of arteries which supply the thoracic oesophagus. Below the diaphragm the vitelline system condenses to form the three major abdominal arteries of the foregut, midgut and hindgut. The coeliac artery is the most superior of these arteries; it leaves the aorta at the seventh cervical level in the embryo but later descends to the twelfth thoracic level during development. In addition to supplying the abdominal foregut proper, the coeliac artery also supplies its endodermal derivatives; the hepatic diverticulum (future liver), the cystic diverticulum (future gallbladder), and the dorsal and ventral pancreatic bud (future pancreas). It also supplies the mesodermally derived spleen. The anatomical variation in the celiac trunk is assumed to be caused by different patterns of vitelline reduction. However, some animal studies have suggested that the major abdominal arteries arise from medial umbilical roots of the dorsal aorta. Anomalies of the coeliac axis have been described in up to 28% of subjects. The commonest variation appears to be a common hepatosplenic trunk with a separate left gastric artery. Complete absence of the coeliac axis, with the splenic and hepatic arteries originating from the superior mesenteric artery is rare. Identification of these anomalies is particularly important in the event of angiographic or surgical intervention and organ harvest for transplantation, and can be achieved using reconstructions derived from multi-detector CT images.


We have been developing high-strength Nb3Sn strand cables to construct a high-field superconducting outsert for a 45 T hybrid magnet with a 25 T water-cooled resistive magnet. Evidence for cold work strengthening of repeated bending treatment (prebending effect) on Nb3Sn strands internally reinforced with CuNb stabilizer, which exhibits significant enhancement of the critical current density, has been found in the superconducting magnet fabrication process using a react-and-wind method. The strand cables were designed by controlling the constituent number of CuNb/Nb3Sn strands with the prebending effect and stainless steel strands, which are expected to have a stress limit 580 MPa at 0.4% strain. In order to design a compact superconducting outsert, high-strength strand cables are adopted in a magnetic field region below 14 T to maintain relatively large engineering current densities (Je). In a higher-field region above 14 T, YBa2Cu3O7 (Y123) coated conductors are employed for an insert coil. Using combination of Y123, Nb3Sn and NbTi superconductors, a 20 T superconducting outsert with a room temperature bore of 400 mm consisting of three layers made of Y123, two layers of CuNb/Nb3Sn and two layers of NbTi was designed. The coil parameters are 440 mm inner diameter, 1080 mm outer diameter and 1138 mm coil height. A very compact 20 T superconducting outsert with a stored magnetic energy 72 MJ at an operation current 903 A can be developed for a 45 T hybrid magnet.


The computer monitoring system of hydropower plant based on field bus is described in this paper. The field bus is used in this system to build up its network. The hot spare mode of double major computers is adopted in the major control system. The local control units with the programmeable microcomputer control device PCC with high reliability as its core can improve the universability, extensivity and reliability of the system greatly, which will also be particularly extended and used in the medium and small sized hydropower plants.


With the rapid development of derivatives markets,the impact of derivatives markets on the monetary policy transmission mechanism is a growing concern.Firstly,this paper reviews the relevant literature.Secondly,based on the data from Chinese market,the paper analyzes the impact of interest rate derivatives market on the credit channel of monetary policy transmission by the regression model and the vector autoregression model.Finally,the paper puts forward the policy recommendations to improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in China.


An experimental study on high-pressure gas seals was carried out in order to investigate the feasibility of a liquid oxygen (LOX) turbopump rotating-shaft seal system for the LE-7 rocket engine of Japan. Floating-ring seals 50 millimeters in diameter were successfully operated under the following conditions: a maximum rotational speed of 25,000 rpm and a maximum sealed hydrogen gas pressure of about 15 MPa. The leakage rates obtained in the experiment were in good agreement with the analytical results obtained from the quasi-one-dimensional compressible flow equation. Observational results indicated that the housing sealing surface coated with rf (radio frequency)-sputtered molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) film was extremely effective in reducing the wear on the carbon sealing surfaces. A 100-millimeter-diameter double segmented hydrodynamic circumferential seal designed for a helium gas purge system was tested in order to investigate the wear process of the carbon segmented-rings. The seal was operated for a...


For this journal's review process, authors are expected to post a response to all reviewer comments before revising the actual manuscript. Based on these author responses, the editor either invites the authors to submit a revised manuscript or directly rejects the manuscript. We therefore do not yet include a revised manuscript along with answers to the following comments. See more details on the process here: https://www.biogeosciences.net/peer_review/interactive_review_process.html.


The proposal of Every Child Matters: The Green Paper (2003), to locate the protection and support of children, with an emphasis on those who may be the most vulnerable, in a strengthened universal service, has provided the impetus for a radical and transformational response at both national and local levels. Local education authorities have been replaced by an infrastructure of Children's Services, each working to develop a collective wider children's workforce. This paper is about a group of children, who are arguably amongst those most vulnerable. They are described as having social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and are the children who are most at risk of exclusion from school in the short term and of social and economic marginalisation in the long term. I focus on the experience that these children have at school and discuss how the changing position of teachers as the dominant profession in a school setting may offer new possibilities for these children to experience learning beyond current constructions of disruption and difference. I consider how the Every Child Matters agenda, in requiring the formation of a singular workforce of teachers, teaching assistants, learning mentors, counsellors, youth workers, social, community and health workers, may provide an unprecedented opportunity for those who work closely with children who have social, emotional and behavioural difficulties, to deconstruct individual 'siloed' professional conceptions about these children and to reconstruct a shared discourse that could embrace a range of perspectives. Perspectives that could take account of the complete experience a child may have, in learning, in managing social relationships and conventions and in being part of a family at home and a community at school. Those who are prepared to open their minds to alternative discourses beyond the orthodoxies of their own profession will be amongst those who can positively, and perhaps permanently, influence the ways in which troubled children experience education, school and learning.


the past century. Certainly this is the case in Australia, where the growth in federal government has accelerated rapidly since 1945. The rate of administrative change has also quickenedperhaps to a degree that is unusual even in a federal systemreaching unprecedented levels in the mid 1970s. The sheer size and complexity of modern record keeping in the federal government was a major stimulus for the development and refinement of the Commonwealth Records Series (CRS) Systema method of intellectual control specifically designed to accommodate the records created and maintained in a dynamic administrative context.1 In the area of disposal, the focus of the present article, some developmental work also took place in the mid 1970s.2 The critical importance of the disposal function in controlling the accumulation of commonwealth records was recognized and basic procedural material developed. The real Stimulus to tackling the more fundamental issues at the heart of the disposal process, however, was the passage of the Archives Act in 1983. The act as a whole gave the Australian Archives new and wide-ranging responsibilities for the broad management of all records throughout the commonwealth government. The disposal powers conferred by the act are correspondingly broad in scope. Any practice involving the potential loss of commonwealth information-not only the destruction of records, but also the transfer of custody or ownership of records and the alteration of records-must be authorized by the Australian Archives to become legal and avoid incurring the act's punitive provisions.3 Appraisal-the method of determining the value of records to provide for their proper disposal-thus becomes the critical procedure on which a number of administrative ac-


We have previously demonstrated that IL14a transgenic mice (IL14aTG) reproduce features of Sjogren's disease (SD) seen in patients in the same relative time frame, including autoantibodies, early destruction of the salivary and lachrymal glands, infiltration of the salivary and lachrymal glands with lymphocytes, lymphocytic pneumonia, mild renal disease and eventually lymphoma (J.Immunol. 177: 5676, 2006 and Clin. Immunol. 130:304, 2009). We have more recently demonstrated that lymphotoxin is an important early mediator of salivary gland injury in IL14aTG mice and patients with SD (J.Immunol. 185: 6355, 2010). In our current studies we investigate the role of MZB and B1 cells in SD in IL14aTG mice. We demonstrate that IL14aTG mice lacking MZB cells (IL14aTG.CD19Cre.RBPj-/-) do not develop any features of SD up to the ages of 18 months. However, IL14aTG mice lacking Bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk; IL14aTG.btk-/-), and hence B1 cells, develop more severe and accelerated SD with B cell lymphomas by 10 months of age, about 3 months earlier than IL-14a TG mice. Our hypothesis is that MZB and MZB precursors (MZBP) trafficking in the salivary and lachrymal glands are critical for inducing SD. Mice lacking B1 cells via the deletion of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk) have accelerated SD because of increased numbers of MZB and MZBP along with decreased numbers of regulatory B cells. Current studies are evaluating these hypotheses.


Single-phase earth faults are one of the main problem of the distribution electrical networks with voltage 6 - 35 kV with isolated neutral. Single-phase earth fault is one of the reasons decrease of the power quality and the reliability of power supply. The paper presents the theoretical base of the monitoring parameters selection during the single-phase earth fault process and its practical implementation as an installed system at a power substation with a 110/10 kV level voltage. The hardware part of the feeder monitoring system allows implementing the determination of feeder with fault and the phase of this feeder with fault without the need to switch off of the feeders. The software part of the system allows for ongoing monitoring of feeders with built-in alarm and viewing the event archive on the supervisor computer.


Tectonic activities occurred during and after the period of Mesozoic intracontinental evolution in Beishan area of Gansu Province show the features as: the continental crust was not only activated but influenced by the tectonic domain of offshore west Pacific Ocean and A'erjianshan tectonic. The recent age data of radioactive isotope concerning mineralization and granite diagenesis of granite reveal that mineralization occurred intensively and widely in the Indo-Chinese epoch and Yanshan epoch when is the important mineralization period. In this essay, the mineralization occurred after Mesozoic and space-time relation of granitoid are studied, and the mineralization and distribution regularities, some key deposits, mineralization epoch and spatial distribution of some mineral occurrences are provided interpretations different from the past.


A process for producing a hollow block (1) of metallic material wherein cylindrically shaped starting material (2) in a piercing mill (3, 4) using an axially fixed piercing mandrel (5) into a tubular hollow block (1) is deformed, characterized in that that the hollow block made of bearing steel of the type 100 Cr 6 is manufactured, that the starting material (2) consists of non vorumgeformtem material which is produced by direct casting; that the starting material (2) before being fed into the piercing mill (3, 4) is not subjected to prerolling and that the starting material (3, 4) is converted into a three-roller cross-rolling mill.


By the phenomenon that ZB Watt-hour meter in a communication state display abnormally, we the propose the issue of the effect to the electric energy measurement from communication. This paper introduces the process of communication with ZB Watt-hour meter, proves by experiment the long time communication does not affect the measurement accuracy of the meter, and gives several suggestions to avoid the meter entering a long time communication state, which help to the normal use of the ZB Watt-hour meter and its long-distance automatic meter reading system design.


Stability properties of Field-Reversed Configurations (FRCs) formed by counter-helicity spheromak merging method have been studied numerically using the nonlinear hybrid and MHD simulation code HYM, including the effects of neutral beam injection. It is shown that the beam ions can have a stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the global modes in FRCs, depending on the toroidal mode number n, the mode polarization, and the beam parameters. Linear simulation results agree well with a qualitative analysis based on a generalized energy principle. Nonlinear simulations show that the beamdriven instabilities saturate nonlinearly due to changes in the distribution function of the beam ions. A new stability regime has been found for FRCs with elongation E ∼ 1, which requires a close-fitting conducting shell and energetic beam ion stabilization. It is shown that the n = 1 and n = 2 MHD modes can be effectively stabilized by a combination of conducting shell and beam ion effects, and that the residual weakly unstable n > 2 modes saturate nonlinearly at low amplitudes. The resulting configuration remains stable with respect to all global MHD modes, as long as the FRC current is sustained.


Contact address: Prof. Dr. Sorin Pescariu, M.D., Ph.D., Cardiology Clinic, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 13A, Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310, Timişoara, Romania, tel: +4 0256 207355 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: We report the case of a 58-year-old man with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and a history of left ventricle geometrical reconstruction aft er apical aneurysm resection, treated by cardiac resynchronization therapy with the use of a single-pass VDD defi brillator lead. Th e intervention and fl uoroscopy time were prolonged by a diffi cult left ventricle lead placement, but the VDD lead contributed to time saving. Pacing and sensing thresholds as well as pacing and shock impedances were within normal limits. Th e benefi ts were important in terms of left ventricle systolic function and heart failure symptomatology aft er preexcitation of the left ventricle by 20 milliseconds. Adding cardiac resynchronization therapy to left ventricle reconstruction seems to have a benefi cial eff ect especially aft er optimizing the pacing parameters, to counteract the eff ects of the residual scar. On the other hand, implantation of triple chamber cardiac devices is a challenging intervention. Obtaining an effi cient cardiac resynchronization and primary sudden cardiac death prevention with two leads instead of three is feasible and it brings an important gain in terms of time saving and infection risk lowering. Data in the literature concerning these two issues is scarce.


War permitting, the city of Teheran is expected to have a 45 km (28 miles) subway network in place by the early 1990s.


It is widely thought that the size of a probability makes no difference to the quality of a probabilistic explanation. I argue that explanatory practice in statistical physics, past and present, belies this claim. The claim has gained currency only because of an impoverished conception of the nature of probabilistic processes and an unwarranted assumption that all probabilistic explanations have a single form.


The invention discloses an implementation method for a directional crawler based on an assigned e-commerce website, belongs to the field of WEB data collection, and aims at improving the analysis efficiency and the crawling accuracy rate of the crawler, reducing the crawler failure rate caused by change of website content, and increasing the readability and robustness of codes; on the basis of a generalized crawler, the sequence of tasks is managed by utilizing a queue, multi-thread website content analysis is realized by using a thread pool management mechanism, so that the crawling efficiency is improved. Python is used as an implementation language, information of an assigned web page is captured by using a method of combining a CSS (Cascading style sheets) selector and a Regular Expression, the analysis efficiency, the readability and the error-tolerant rate of the crawler are greatly improved, thus the focused crawler specially used for analyzing store commodity information of the assigned e-commerce website is formed,the efficiency and the crawling accuracy rate of the crawler are improved by the method, and the adaptability and the robustness of the crawler are improved. The method provides a stable and convenient data source for e-commerce price analysis.


The future in how computing is done is heading in the direction of quantum computing given that the space used to store information is finite. Data will eventually be encoded using particles that are on the atomic scale. Objects of these scales are governed by the laws of quantum mechanics. Computing can be done exponentially faster using the properties provided by quantum mechanics. Unfortunately, the increase in computing power creates a security risk for modern encryption standards. Thus, to continue the transfer of data securely one must look to innovative encryption methods that protect information from the speed of quantum computers. This paper is focused on a method that secures information using radioactive decay events in conjunction with an encryption algorithm. The main purpose of this method is the develop an encryption device that holds quantum properties and is interfaceable with a computer system.


The error is investigated which results from the employment of tangential approximation in the calculation of line shift caused by specimen displacement from the recording circle in focusing systems (Guinier, Seemann–Bohlin). After an exact expression has been deduced and compared with the approximate formula in a numerical example, it is concluded that the error caused by the approximate formula may be important only in exceptional cases. The deduced exact formula is also compared with that given by Rafaja and Valvoda [Powder Diffr. 6, 200–203 (1991)] with the conclusion that both formulas are mathematically equivalent and complementary with respect to the theoretical and measured values of the diffraction angle 2θ.


Objective: To evaluate the analgesic and antipyretic activities of alcoholic extract of Dalbergia sissoo leaves.

Methods: The peripheral analgesic activity of Dalbergia sissoo leaves (SLE; 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg) was studied using acetic acid induced writhing in mice and by Randall-Selitto assay. The central analgesic activity of SLE was studied using hot-plate method and tail clip test in mice. The antipyretic activity of SLE was studied in Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats.

Results: SLE significantly decreased the writhing movements in mice in acetic acid-induced writhing test. SLE (1000 mg/kg) significantly increased the pain threshold capacity in rats in Randall-Selitto assay and the reaction time in hot-plate test but not in tail-clip test. It also showed significant antipyretic activity in Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats throughout the observation period of 6 h.

Conclusion: SLE may have analgesic and antipyretic activities.


Abstract Using food and meals as a basis of approach to a subject establishes almost instant relatability. It can lead to amazing insights, but with the power of this insight comes an equally powerful ability to form cruel judgments and even create myth. Such is the case with Howard Hughes and his compulsive activity regarding meals, especially the size and quantity of the peas served with his customary meal. Although undiagnosed, Hughes exhibited signs of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) through much of his life, with stories of his battles with mental illness ranging from truth to fiction. Hughes' story shows how a meal practice can be used to shock and malign when such common practices deviate from our norms. This article examines Hughes and his obsession with peas in order to explore how nonstandard actions undertaken as part of a unifying activity—such as food consumption—can be susceptible to sensationalism and myth creation.


ABSTRACT The analysis of the coupling of electromagnetic pulses with transmission lines is rigorously formulated in the spectral domain by means of a Fourier transform, on the line axis, of the currents and of the total electromagnetic field. By means of this formulation, the validity of the telegrapher model and its limitations are clearly assessed; and the spectral domain counterpart of the telegrapher model is presented along with the modifications required to deal with transmission lines over an unperfectly conducting ground. To demonstrate the usefulness of the spectral theory on a practical case that cannot be studied by the telegrapher model, the formal solutions of the problem of a single buried wire of arbitrary length are obtained, by means of the Wiener-Hopf technique. A discussion of the numerical methods that can be used to solve the general equations obtained by the spectral theory is also included.


Background:Although the Trendelenburg position and shoulder bracing are recommended for safe subclavian venipuncture, the optimal shoulder position remains unclear. The current study observed spatial relations between the subclavian vein and surrounding structures using multislice computed tomography to determine optimal shoulder position for safe subclavian venipuncture and then conducted a small follow-up clinical trial to confirm these findings. Methods:Thoracic multislice computed tomography was performed for seven adult volunteers at three shoulder positions: elevated (up); neutral; and lowered caudally (down). Overlap and distance between the clavicle and the subclavian vein and the diameter of the subclavian vein were measured. Anatomical relations between the subclavian artery and vein were also observed. The success rate for subclavian venipuncture was then compared between the up and down shoulder positions in 30 patients. Results:In the multislice computed tomography study, the mean overlap ratios between clavicle and subclavian vein in the up, neutral, and down positions were 33.5, 36.9, and 40.0%, respectively. Overlap increased with lower shoulder position (up < neutral < down; P < 0.05). The mean distances between the clavicle and the subclavian vein in the up, neutral, and down positions were 6.8, 5.0, and 3.6 mm, respectively. Again, distance decreased with lower shoulder position (up < neutral < down; P < 0.05). The diameter of the subclavian vein did not differ among the three shoulder positions. The success rate for subclavian venipuncture was significantly higher in the down position compared with the up position (P = 0.003). Conclusions:Lowered shoulder position increases both overlap and proximity between the clavicle and the subclavian vein, producing a more constant relation between the clavicle and the subclavian vein, without affecting vein diameter. Proper use of a lowered shoulder position should thus increase the safety and reliability of subclavian venipuncture compared with other shoulder positions.


We report the case of a patient who suffered two events of sudden cardiac arrests separately. Sudden onset of dyspnea and cardiac arrests occurred during cesarean section in a 35-year-old woman who delivered premature baby. Instant chest compression and epinephrine 1 mg was administered. She was diagnosed to have a placenta previa totalis with bleeding preoperatively and placenta accreta was noted intraoperatively. Cesarean hysterectomy was performed due to excessive hemorrhage associated with uterine atony. Another cardiac arrests occurred during hysterectomy. After instant successful resuscitation, she recovered her heart rhythm and transferred to tertiary hospital safely. She was discharged about two months later without any major physical or neurocognitive deficits.


An S-band low-sidelobe antenna is designed and proposed which fosters the character of small size and simple structure with wide bandwidth in this paper. The antenna to be discussed takes the advantage of short -focus paraboloidal reflector with round chip and is fed with half-wave dipole. Adjusting the amplitude-phase distribution of aperture field of the antenna, the demand for low-sidelobe and high gain is satisfied through a wide frequency range. The antenna contributes to the portable device for its short vertical length. Simulated on CST MICROWAVE Studioreg, E-plane and H-plane directional diagram results illustrate that the antenna satisfies following character through a wide frequency range: the maximum sidelobe les-20 dB, the gain ges 20 dBi, the half-power beam width (HPBW) les 20deg. Besides, within the frequency range of the central frequency plusmn 50 MHz the antenna shows ultra-low sidelobe and satisfies its maximum side lobe les-30 dB. At the same time, the collision between low-sidelobe and beam width is solved successfully.


In the past a few years, many watermarking approaches have been proposed for solving the copyright protection problems. This paper presents a new gray scale watermarking method in wavelet domain based on the compression of the watermark and the pretreatment of the original image. Through the compression of watermark, it can greatly reduce the embedding capacity of the watermark, which can embed more watermark bits in the host image. Through the preprocessing of the original image based on human visual system's characteristic, it can ensure the imperceptibility. The use of threshold T can adaptively determine the quantity of embedded blocks, and control the capacity of embedded secret information. The experimental results show that our method has an excellent transparency and robustness.


Corrections to the well-known statistical sum rule that relates the summed transmission coefficients on the one hand, and 2..pi..GAMMA/sub CN/rho/sub CN/ on the other, in the context of the statistical decay properties of nuclear giant resonances, are discussed. These corrections arise both from preequilibrium processes as well as from the giant resonance itself. It is shown that the compound nucleus average width is reduced as a result of these corrections.


In the present work we describe the extension and experimental validation of the filter model of Konstandopoulos and Johnson [1], initially developed for clean filters into the domain of transient filtration/loading. The model is based on the concept of the "unit collector" and first principles that describe the spatial deposition of particles inside the porous filter wall, and thus simulates in a natural way the deep-bed-to-cake transition through the progressive blocking of the filter wall. The model equations cannot be solved analytically, but a very efficient numerical code has been developed for their solution [2]. The transient filtration algorithm is briefly described below. A prescribed particle size distribution is tracked through the filter medium, which is discretized in slabs where the local collection efficiency El is computed using the concept of the "unit collector". The locally deposited mass along the filter thickness modifies the microstructure -porosity, collector diameter- of each slab which in turn determines the new local collection efficiency and pressure drop. The procedure is repeated for every time step to compute the evolution of the filter behavior in terms of collection efficiency and pressure drop. Eventually a cake emerges from the wall, and deposit growth continuous on the surface of the filter cake. The simulator can accommodate any type of "unit cell" collector model (here it is shown for spherical collectors) and arbitrary spatial variations of filter microstructure including gradients in porosity/pore size as for example in the case of coated filters or multilayer structured filters (e.g. fibrous cartridges).


Purpose of the study is new provisions for testing agricultural tractors, evaluating their performance, which implement the OECD Code 2 Research methods. The testing of the tractor and its main elements is based on the method of partial accelerations, the basis of which is the solution of the inverse task of the dynamics: the acting forces are estimated from the acceleration. The method and means of measurement (developed in the L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT Kharkiv branch) are effectively used in testing tractors and its main elements. The results of the study. The proposed express methods make it possible to reduce the time for testing and timely identify shortcomings in the operation of the systems being tested. The proposed express test method for the cylinder-piston group provides the ability to timely identify shortcomings in the operation of engines. It has been established that the most efficient operation of the tested unit is when the tractor is not fully loaded. The stability of the movement of the transport-technological unit is interconnected with its controllability, which is determined by the technical condition of the steering. The relationship between the investigated values of the angular accelerations of the steering wheel of the tractor and the aggregated machine is provided with a reliability of 95 %. To determine the braking properties, an indicator is proposed that characterizes the growth rate of the tractor deceleration during braking. To evaluate the quality of functioning of the hydraulic drive of the tractor mounted system in the case of unstable technical condition of its elements, it is necessary to start with the evaluation of the fluid flow in the hydraulic cylinder and end with the analysis of the flow in the bypass valve. Conclusions. Code 2 of the OECD normalizes the methodology for operational testing of agricultural tractors, on the basis of which in L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT Kharkiv branch developed industry standards for assessing the traction and energy performance of tractors. It has been theoretically and experimentally proved that in the performance tests of tractors and its main elements, the method of partial accelerations is effective, which is based on the reverse transition from the vector sum in the space of forces that act on the tractor to the vector sum in the space of accelerations. This method allows you quickly assess the performance of tractors when coupled with mounted and trailed agricultural machines, as well as the technical condition of the main elements of the tractor design. Keywords: tractor, tests, OECD Code 2, main elements, malfunctions, express methods


Connected Vehicle (CV) wireless networks based on DSRC, ITS-G5 and C-V2X technology are susceptible to interference from both unintentional emitters and non-CV devices that are authorized to share the same or adjacent bands. Such interference may lead to unreliable communication and disruption of CV services with particular impact on safety-related applications. In previous work, we proposed and demonstrated that interference and congestion (i.e., spectrum misbehavior) in DSRC and ITS-G5 networks can be detected simply and inexpensively using capabilities already incorporated into the IEEE 802.11p PHY/MAC standard. Furthermore, we suggested that the simplest way to report spectrum misbehavior to network operators or spectrum regulators would be through the IEEE 1609 Security Credential Management System (SCMS). The last step is to implement a central authority that collects the spectrum misbehavior reports, analyzes them, and takes action to ensure the reliability of the wireless medium. Because no such system currently exists, here we propose a reference design for a Spectrum Misbehavior Authority (SMA) that meets the requirements of connected vehicle networks. We have implemented and validated a proof-of-concept interference source localization scheme as one of the important elements and key features of the SMA.


Active topology measurements on the African Internet have showed that over 75% of the intra-Africa traffic destined for Africa's National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) uses intercontinental links, resulting in high latencies and data transmission costs. The goal of this work is to investigate how latency-based path selection using Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) in NRENs can be used to reduce inter-NREN latencies. We present aspects of an experimental prototype implementation for real-time topology probes to discover lower-latency remote gateways and dynamic configuration of end-to-end Internet paths. Simulation results indicate that ranking remote ingress gateways, and dynamic configuration of end-to-end paths between gateways can lower the average latency for inter-NREN traffic exchange.


A cover-opening mobile phone provided with double screens provides a user with the operations of listening, speaking and inputting. The mobile phone is provided with two cover bodies that are mutually pivoted, a horizontal detecting component, a control circuit and two screens. The horizontal detecting component and a control circuit are arranged in any of the two cover bodies. The two screens are respectively arranged on the two cover bodies; wherein, the horizontal component detects the horizontal state of the mobile phone to transmit a horizontal signal. The control circuit undertakes the horizontal signal and outputs a first display signal and a second display signal to the two screens according to the horizontal signal; the two screens can respectively display a first display menu and a second display menu, thus when the mobile phone is in various horizontal states, the two screens are switched to display the first display menu and the second display menu, so as to provide consistent operation interfaces to the user.


Five n-Alkyl-4′-Alkoxy-biphenyl-4-carboxylates were investigated as Langmuir monolayers at the air/ water interface and as Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films on solid supports. All five compounds form stable monolayers at the air/water interface and can be transferred onto solid supports yielding LB-films, whose structures and kinetic behavior strongly depend on the headgroup. The structures of the LB-films were investigated by means of optical textures and X-ray diffraction and compared with the structures of the corresponding bulk phases which were investigated by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction. The LB-films of the acid and the two methyl esters exhibit bilayer lamellar structures which are very similar to the bulk crystalline phases at room temperature. The two ethyl esters show a mixture of two phases after transfer, a monolayer and a bilayer phase, the percentage of bilayer phase decreasing with time. For these two compounds the bilayer phase is a deposition enforced phase, which has not been observed in bulk material.


Kawasaki disease, which is a rare systemic vasculitic syndrome with an unknown etiology, affects any type of blood vessel in the body including arteries, veins, and capillaries. It comprises about 9% of all vasculitic syndromes in childhood. The most common manifestations of disease are coronary artery vasculitis leading to coronary aneurysm (15-25%) and dilatation of aortic root. A 16year -old male with a history of Kawasaki disease in childhood was admitted to our clinic with one year duration of CCS II exertional retrosternal chest pain and dyspnea. His physical examination revealed a blood pressure and heart rate of 130/75 mmHg and 70 bpm respectively with normal cardiac and lung auscultation. At admission, electrocardiography (ECG), telecardiography and routine biochemical laboratory findings were normal. The exercise ECG test showed 2 mm horizontal ST depression in inferolateral derivations. Coronary angiography revealed 7.16x7.71 mm aneurysm in left anterior descending (LAD) artery concomitant with 95% stenosis of the aneurysmatic segment (Fig. 1, 2) and subtotal occlusion Figure 3. Aortogram shows the Amplatzer vascular plug (arrow) that positioned in the common hepatic artery as well as celiac artery origin


We explore the connection between the gravitational wave (GW) merger rates of stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) and galaxy properties. We do this by generating populations of stars using the binary population synthesis code COMPAS and evolving them in galaxies from the semi-analytic galaxy formation model Shark, to determine the number of mergers occurring in each simulation time-step. We find that metal-rich and massive galaxies with star formation rate (SFR) greater than $1\, {\rm M}_{\odot }\, \rm yr^{-1}$ are 10 times more likely to have GW events compared to younger, less massive, and metal-poor galaxies. Our simulation with the default input parameters predicts a higher local merger rate density compared to the third GW transient catalogue (GWTC-3) prediction from LIGO, VIRGO, and KAGRA, due to short coalescence times, low metallicities, and a high SFR at low redshift in the simulation, which produces more BBHs that merge within the age of the Universe compared to observations. We identify alternate remnant mass models that more accurately reproduce the volumetric rate and provide updated fits to the merger rate as a function of redshift. We then investigate the relative fraction of GW events in our simulation that are in observable host galaxies from upcoming galaxy surveys, determining which of those are ideal for tracing host galaxies with high merger rates. The implications of this work can be utilized for constraining stellar evolution models, better informing follow-up programs, and placing informative priors on host galaxies when measuring cosmological parameters such as the Hubble constant.


One of the most popular drug delivery methods is oral since it is less expensive, simpler to administer, and results in improved patient compliance. This delivery system's primary issue is incorrect medication absorption, which results in subpar efficacy. The drug's lower bioavailability is caused by its limited therapeutic absorption window, which prevents it from being absorbed at the absorption site for long enough. Intimate contact between the drug delivery system and the absorbing stomach mucosal membrane is provided by gastroretentive drug delivery systems, which enhances the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug and can extend the time between doses. The goal of the current work study was to create gastroretentive mucoadhesive amoxicillin microspheres using the spray drying method. These microspheres adhere to the gastric mucosa and release the medication over a longer period of time, reducing fluctuations in drug concentration and requiring lower doses and less frequent dosing. It can be said that Box-Behnken design was successfully used in the creation and improvement of mucoadhesive microspheres of amoxicillin. The carbopol 971P, HPMC K15M, and spray drying techniques were used to create the gastroretentive mucoadhesive microspheres of amoxicillin that can be administered in sachet packaging. With mucoadhesion of 82% up to 6 hours, the mucoadhesive microspheres created in the present investigations demonstrated consistent drug release over 8 hours.


Financial structure and development theory have gradually developed into an independent theory with researching the interaction between regional financial policy and regional economic growth in a long-term.This paper adopts a cross-city comparison of banks and development by summarizing the development and new trend of regional financial development in three regional key cities.It indicates that the choice of development strategies of the city commercial bank is determined by its dominance.In conclusion,the development strategy of city commercial bank can promote the regional economic growth by adopting regional expansion and introducing foreign investor.


A remote control device, a display apparatus and a method for controlling the remote control device and the display apparatus thereof are provided. A remote control device for controlling a display apparatus includes a user interface configured to receive a user interaction, a first communicator configured to communicate with the display apparatus and receive an image, a display, and a controller configured to, in response to a first interaction being input through the user interface, control the display to display at least one image of a plurality of images received from the display apparatus, and in response to an object included in the at least one displayed image being selected according to a second interaction input through the user interface and a graphic user interface (GUI) being selected through the user interface, retrieve information related to the selected object, and display the information related to the selected object.


A two-dimensional coordination polymer,(NH3+CH2CH2NH3+)(NH2CH2CH2NH3+)2[(VO)4(PO4)4(H2O)].2H2O has been obtained by using hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectrum and X-ray single crystal diffraction.The compound crystallized in the monoclinic system,space groupP2(1) /c,a=17.034(4) A,b=10.351(2) A,c=17.536(4)A,β=114.641(4)°,z=4,V=2810.3(11)A3,Dc=2.108g/cm3,F(000)=1784,R1=0.0375,ωR2=0.1047.


The invention discloses a double-sprinkling-width double-fluid sprayer, which comprises a rack, a gasoline engine, a control plate, a fan, a liquid medicine storage tank and a liquid medicine pump. The double-sprinkling-width double-fluid sprayer is characterized in that the air outlet of the fan is connected with one end of a turning air flue; the other end of the turning air flue is connected to the lower part of a spray-head; a flat detachable spray-head and a round spray-head comprised by the spray-head are both provided with multiple spray nozzles connected in parallel by spray pipes; the lower part of the round spray-head is connected with the upper end of an angle regulation rod; the lower end of the angle regulation rod is connected to the rack or the fan; a rotation plate arranged on the worm shaft of a turbine worm transmission is connected with the middle lower position of the angle regulation rod; the turbine worm transmission is connected with the control plate; after the liquid medicine pump is connected to a liquid medicine shunt via a liquid outlet pipeline, one path is connected with a high-pressure hydraulic spray gun after being introduced to a spraying high-pressure hose on a pipe wounding device assembly; and the second path is connected to the spray pipe on the round spray-head. The double-sprinkling-width double-fluid sprayer disclosed by the invention can adopt a flat sector or a round air-assisted spraying head to realize broad-width spraying or altitude double-fluid spraying.


ABSTRACT Rail steels rely primarily for their properties on wear and rolling-contact-fatigue resistance. These properties, together with toughness, can be optimised by implementing thermo-mechanical processing during rail manufacturing, assisted by controlled additions of strong carbide-forming microalloying elements. Niobium can be used at low concentrations, but the major difficulty is to ensure that niobium does not segregate during casting, especially when rail steels are high in carbon content. The solubility of niobium in ternary Fe–Nb–C austenite is critically assessed to address the issue of segregation. Thereafter, the effect of niobium on medium- and high-carbon (∼0.2–0.8 wt-% C) austenite grain-growth kinetics during reheating or recrystallisation kinetics during hot deformation, and the corresponding effect on pearlitic and bainitic microstructures and mechanical properties are reviewed. This review was chosen as a runner up of the 2017Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute ofMaterials,Minerals andMining, run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged


Method: The present study of twins was done among the patients admitted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore. Result: Maximum incidence was found to be in Nullipara i.e. 33.72% (21 cases). Next common was para I (Gravida II) 27.9% (19 cases). Grandmultipara constituted only 1.16% of cases. Out of 86 patients, 72 patients (83.72%) were diagnosed as twins before delivery of the first baby and in 16.27% (14 patients) diagnosis of twin pregnancy was missed before delivery. Total 14 patients were diagnosed after delivery of first baby (3 patients admitted with 1 baby already delivered outside Hospital and in remaining 11 both babies delivered in Hospital) out of which in 01 patient it was a per-operative finding during LSCS. The indications for LSCS in this case was obstructed labour. Conclusion: Our study revealed the importance of early diagnosis of twins because the subsequent admission of selected cases and delivery by optimal route resulted in lower perinatal mortality (9.6%) compared to perinatal mortality in those cases in which diagnosis was made at the time of delivery (37.5%).


The report discusses the traffic problems in the switching network of a semi-electronic exchange of the PRX type. For the solution of these problems use has been made of simulations to find the macrostructure (such as number of stages) of the network and, subsequently, of calculation methods for determining the micro-structure. At the end, a few results are given. 234/1


We will describe ongoing work in developing a collaborative environment to construct a CLIR-based multilingual terminological dictionary dedicated to the Digital Silk Road project and web site launched and managed by NII (National institute of Informatics, Japan-Tokyo). A considerable amount of cultural resources has been digitized, including 95 rare books written in 10 different languages. In order to make them searchable and accessible easily by the visitors of the site, themselves multilingual as well, a cross lingual information retrieval system is being built. As these books are very rich in specialized terms, an important part of that endeavour is to gather these terms in many languages in a terminologicial dictionary (a database of terms contianing some information potentially usable to later build a real terminological database). For that purpose, we use a participative approach, where visitors of the online archive are the main source of the terms used in the languages they know, while multilingual online resources are used to initialize the term base through a process that depends on the archived textual data.


Based on the frequency domain characteristics of the vibration signals of the ball bearings, the characteristic vector of frequency domain energy was established using the wavelet packet analysis for the frequency domain characteristics , and the recognition of the fault models of the ball bearings was completed by using radial basis function neural network. The efficiency was proved in theory and test.


Purpose – The paper is devoted to benchmark strategic ideas, organizational culture, marketing business processes and key marketing performance measures of the pharmaceutical companies that operate on Ukrainian pharma market in order to determine the best practices and possibilities of their use for the purpose of improving performance outcomes of companies participating in the research. Design/methodology/approach – The AllFusion Process Modeler 7 software was used for processes modeling. The Balanced Scorecard Designer software was used to create balanced scorecard. The classifier of processes at pharmaceutical companies designed by American Productivity and Quality Center (APQC) was used when determining marketing processes and building process maps. A marketing analysis (value market share, share of voice, secondary sales dynamics and companies' market share growth dynamics) was carried out in order to estimate the efficiency of marketing process. Findings – The study showed that three pharmaceutical ...


This project focuses on the restoration of a 460-foot reach of Stevens Creek in Santa Clara County, California. The new design will increase the stability of stream channels, riparian system functions, and fish passage while improving or maintaining the "level of service" based on geomorphic data. This project was completed in conjunction with the Santa Clara Valley Water District's standards and design criteria. The proposed design is needed to increase the stability of stream banks and rectify stream bed incision. This will, in turn, provide greater flood protection to the residents of Santa Clara County. In addition to safety for the nearby community, the environment immediately surrounding Stevens Creek will reap benefits from a geomorphic stream design that will result in lower maintenance costs by promoting sediment balance throughout the creek. Lastly, the rehabilitated creek will allow native steelhead trout to continue to swim upstream.