The recent amplified attention towards mental health and overall wellbeing has been accelerated by awareness campaigns in media, which are culturally and regionally tailored to encourage efficacy and positive attitude changes. Some of these mental health awareness campaigns are disseminated on the social media platform Instagram, which is contradictory to Instagram's corporate lack of acknowledgement towards its addictiveness and negative impacts on user mental health. The aesthetic and influencer culture surrounding social media empowers its systemic problems, which is exacerbated by modern society's media dependency. Within its discriminatory and oppressive algorithm, mental health awareness campaigns created by Instagram represent corporate advocacy and its potential performativity in endorsing public health issues for brand image. For social media platforms to be nondiscriminatory whilst maintaining its communicative benefits, the corporations must denote profit-minded ideologies and systems – decentralizing its monopolized control with wider accessibility. Within this social media ecosystem, third culture kids – or those who identify with more than one cultural background due to frequent relocation in their developmental years – are vulnerable to psychological disruption yet often excluded from the target audiences of these awareness campaigns. The migratory nature of third culture kids fosters dependency on social media to stay connected, thus encouraging addiction to its algorithm and further vulnerability to capitalistically encoded messages. The psychological study in this paper examines the effectiveness of social media corporations' mental health awareness campaigns in reducing mental health stigma in third culture kids. Domestic and third culture kid students studying in colleges and universities in the United States will complete self-report surveys immediately after and two weeks after viewing mental health awareness content to assess changes in stigma levels. The results are #MentalHealthMatters 3 anticipated to affirm that these mental health awareness campaigns are more effective for majority groups (i.e., domestic students or White people) than for minority groups (i.e., third culture kids and People of Color) – affirming social media theories about discriminatory social media algorithms and highlighting the need to further cater towards populations with heightened risks towards psychological distress. Overall, this paper will aim to contribute to the lack of research on the growing third culture kid population and illuminate the implications of a globally nomadic lifestyle. #MentalHealthMatters 4 Table of


The network identification plays a very prominent role for the network operator to accomplish the various objectives such as state-estimation, monitoring, control, planning, and real-time analytics. The network structure varies from time-to-time and its details are often not available with the network operator. To address this issue, in this article, an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) based framework is presented herein to identify the network topology and line parameters using smart meter and microphasor measurement unit (μ) measurements. The presented algorithm is divided into two sections 1) approximate parameter evaluation through regression, to extract the partial topology information and 2) complete network topology identification through the ADMM framework. This algorithm accomplishes the objectives of identifying the network configuration, branch parameters (e.g., conductance and susceptance), and change in branch parameters. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm on the benchmarked IEEE 13-bus and IEEE 123-bus feeders under various operating scenarios. Furthermore, the presented framework illustrates excellent network identification even with the presence of the stochastic nature of renewable power generation. The presented algorithm exhibits an excellent performance even with the consideration of noise in both measurements. In addition, the comparative performance is carried out on the benchmarked unbalanced IEEE 13-bus and balanced IEEE 33-bus feeders to highlight the efficacy of the presented framework over the state-of-art framework.


A set of multi function dynamic data acquisition and processing system is developed for helicopter rotor model experiments. The system features the advanced sample hold technique and repeating external trigger model in hardware design as well as the module structure in software design. The design ideas of the system are briefly instroduced and its structure and characteristic are described in detail. The application examples of the system to two different rotor model experiments have been presented. Its characteristics of fast sample rate, high accuracy and convenient operation are demonstrated. It is shown that the data acquisition and processing system is well suitable for dynamic data acquisition and analysis in helicopter rotor model experiments.


Objective To study the influence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Methods Hemi-Parkinsonism rat model was established by stereotaxic 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions in striatum in which nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was inhibited by L-Nitro-Arginine (L-NNA) and apomorphin-induced rotational behavior was measured. The immunohistochemical staining method was used to observe the change of striatal nNOS-positive neurons and nigral tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons. Results L-NNA dramatically protected 6-OHDA-injected rats against indices of severe injury to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, including decreases in numbers of TH-positive nigral neurons and rotational behavior. The nNOS-positive neurons showed no changes in numbers. Conclusions These results indicate that NO might mediate, in part, 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and nNOS-positive neurons might resist the 6-OHDA neurotoxicity. NOS inhibitor may play a role in the protection of 6-OHDA neurons.


Political systems of modern liberal democracies face the challenge of the so-called Americanization; one of its principal aspects is emergence of American-style two-party systems. This paper examines this process as exemplified by political situation in France from 2002 onwards.


This is t he final in a series of articles looking at contracting arrangements within psychology practice settings. Fair Work Australia is increasingly concerned about how contract s are implemented across various industries in the context of sufficiently distinguishing between an independent contractor and an employee arrangement.


This article studies a stochastic robotic surveillance problem where a mobile robot moves randomly on a graph to capture a potential intruder that strategically attacks a location on the graph. The intruder is assumed to be omniscient: It knows the current location of the mobile agent and can learn the surveillance strategy. The goal for the mobile robot is to design a stochastic strategy so as to maximize the probability of capturing the intruder. We model the strategic interactions between the surveillance robot and the intruder as a Stackelberg game; and optimal and suboptimal Markov chain based surveillance strategies in star, complete, and line graphs are studied. We first derive a universal upper bound on the capture probability, i.e., the performance limit for the surveillance agent. We show that this upper bound is tight in the complete graph and further provide suboptimality guarantees for the random walk. For the star and line graphs, we first characterize dominant strategies for the surveillance agent and the intruder. Then, we rigorously prove the optimal strategy for the surveillance agent.


Thank you very much for reading population dynamics of forest insects. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite readings like this population dynamics of forest insects, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer. population dynamics of forest insects is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the population dynamics of forest insects is universally compatible with any devices to read.


BACKGROUND There are a few cases of lateral lymph node (LLN) metastasis (LLNM) of T1 rectal cancer. Moreover, LLNM is easily missed, especially in patients with early-stage rectal cancer. To our knowledge, the possibility of bilateral LLNM before surgery has not been reported in previous studies. CASE SUMMARY A 36-year-old woman underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection at a local hospital owing to a clinical diagnosis of a rectal polyp. The pathology report showed a diagnosis of T1 rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma. She was considered to have bilateral LLNM after the examination at our hospital. Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision plus bilateral LLN dissection was performed and the pathological outcomes indicated unilateral LLNM. The patient received long-course adjuvant chemoradiotherapy with no recurrence or metastasis observed during the 1-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION T1 rectal cancer could lead to LLNM and possibly, bilateral LLNM. Therefore, adequate clinical evaluation is essential for these patients.


The aim of this research is the analysis of the globalization model of the Indian economy, its main trends and perspectives. The article highlights the ways of India's integration in the world economy –its participation in the international capital movement and in the international trade as well as its positions in global value chains. The author examines the most representative definitions of globalization and draws attention that the theoretical basis of the study is the synthesis of the concept of global value chains and A.P. Thirlwall's definition of globalization. The methodological basis of the study is such methods as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The systematic approach to the overall study of the Indian economy and the Indian external economic policy in particular has become the base of this research. The author underlines that according to the OECD data the Indian participation in global value chains is 42% of the Indian gross exports. At the same time India as a large economy has a less share of exports made of inputs taking part in vertical trade in comparison with other developing countries due to diversified national economy created during the importsubstitution period. The author notes Indian positions in international capital movement. The author stresses that the Indian contemporary investment policy is aimed at attracting foreign capital that doesn't lead to the formation of external debt. The article highlights the Indian positions in international trade of goods and services. The author examines the composition of Indian exports and imports as well as direction of Indian trade. The author draws attention to increasing the Indian positions in trade in intermediate goods. It proves the active participation of India in global value chains. The article presents statistical data on the Grubel-Lloyd Index which measures India and the world economy intra-industry trade as well as RCA coefficient which measures the comparative advantages of the Indian economy in trade both in goods and services. The article also presents statistical data on the dynamics of the Indian external trade, foreign direct investments' inflow and exports of the Indian capital.


Aim:  Ureteral injury is among the most devastating complications of gynecologic surgery. Estimated incidence of ureteral injury during laparoscopic hysterectomy is 2.6–35 times (0.2–6.0%) that in abdominal hysterectomy. We investigated preoperative ureteral catheter (UC) placement as a way to prevent ureteral injury in laparoscopic hysterectomy.


This paper studies the relation between foreign control and the likelihood of receiving modified audit opinions (MAOs) by private subsidiaries. To further analyze this relation, we partition MAOs based on their underlying reason: GAAP violations; opacity; and uncertainties, including going concern (GCUs) and other (non-GCUs). We observe a significantly greater incidence of MAOs in subsidiaries owned by foreign groups than in those with a local parent company. This result is mainly driven by opacity related MAOs. The evidence of a higher incidence of GAAP violation and non-GCU related MAOs in foreign owned subsidiaries is inconclusive; and MAOs related to GCUs are significantly less frequent in subsidiaries of foreign groups. In contrast to the results found in the public setting, our findings suggest that foreign control in the private setting is associated with more opaque companies. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the host-country, at the company level.
 En este trabajo se estudia la relación entre el control extranjero y la probabilidad de recibir opiniones de auditoria modificadas (OAMs) en una muestra de subsidiarias españolas no cotizadas. Además, para analizar con mayor detalle esta relación, clasificamos las OAMs en cuatro tipos, en función de la razón que subyace a la modificación: violación de principios y normas contables; opacidad; incertidumbres por gestión continuada (GCUs); y otras incertidumbres (non-GCUs). Se observa una incidencia significativamente mayor de OAMs en subsidiarias de grupos extranjeros que en las de grupos locales. Este resultado se deriva fundamentalmente de las modificaciones de opinión relacionadas con la falta de transparencia (opacidad). La evidencia de una mayor incidencia de modificaciones por violación de principios contables e incertidumbres distintas de la gestión continuada en subsidiarias con control extranjero es poco concluyente; y las modificaciones por gestión continuada son significativamente menos frecuentes en las subsidiarias de grupos extranjeros. A diferencia de los resultados en el contexto de la empresa cotizada, nuestros resultados sugieren que el control extranjero en la empresa no cotizada está asociado a empresas más opacas. Este trabajo contribuye a una mayor comprensión de los efectos de la inversión directa extranjera (FDI) en las empresas del país receptor.


In this study, we reported a facile ligand-mediated strategy that could well-preserve the morphology structure of the metal–organic framework (MOF) precursor after thermal treatment under inert atmosphere. Moreover, the as-derived hollow octahedron-shaped carbon particles demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction.


Considering the fact that, in the Spl i t-Dalmatia County, forest fires occur very frequently during the tourist season, causing catastrophic damage to the environment, affecting tourism and other industries, this paper wi l l demonstrate how the use of GIS tools can analyse existing data to assess levels of vulnerabi l i ty to fire in the county. The data col lected that affect the outbreak of open fire include: cl imate (temperature and relative humidity) , topography (aspect, slope of the terrain) , vegetation (CORINE Land Cover, NDVI ) and anthropogenic factors (e.g. roads, rai lways and settlements) . The article shows how ArcInfo GIS software may be used in order to improve preventive measures and operative procedures. These are necessary due to the large numbers of fires that occur in this area during the summer months.


In this paper we are comparing the results of the conventional and microwave sintered samples of Zn2-Y(Ba2Zn2Fe12O22) ferrite. Y ferrite sample was synthesized using the commercial solid-state reaction method. In CS process, the sample was sintered in muffle furnace at 1200°C for 6 h. In MS process, the sample was sintered at 1120 °C for 30 min in air at the rate of 10°C per min. X-ray powder diffraction revealed that a single phase rhombohedral structure with space group R3m (166) for both samples. The average grain size of CS sample is 1.5-2μm which is greater than MS sample. Magnetic properties also changed with the microwave sintering. These results demonstrate that the strong microwave method is an alternative way to synthesize high performance Y ferrite.


The global exponential antisynchronization in mean square of memristive neural networks with stochastic perturbation and mixed time-varying delays is studied in this paper. Then, two kinds of novel delay-dependent and delay-independent adaptive controllers are designed. With the ability of adapting to environment changes, the proposed controllers can modify their behaviors to achieve the best performance. In particular, on the basis of the differential inclusions theory, inequality theory, and stochastic analysis techniques, several sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the exponential antisynchronization between the drive system and response system. Furthermore, two numerical simulation examples are provided to the validity of the derived criteria.


Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) is a wireless WAN technology that connects low-powered and low-bandwidth devices with low bit rates atop Long Ranges (LoRa). It is characterized by improved scalability, wide area coverage, and low power consumption, which are beneficial to resource-constrained devices on the Internet of Things (IoT) for effective communication and security. Security in Long-Range Wide-Area Networks (LoRaWAN) widely employs Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128-bit symmetric encryption as the accepted security standard for a key generation that secures communication and entities. However, designing an efficient key manifestation and management model is still a challenge as different designs are based on different research objectives. To date, there is no global and well-accepted LoRaWAN security model for all applications. Thus, there is a need to continually improve the LoRaWAN security model. This paper, therefore, performed an in-depth analysis of some existing LoRaWAN key security models to identify security challenges affecting these security models and assess the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed solutions. The goal is to improve some of the existing LoRaWAN security models by analysing and bringing together several challenges that affect them. Several relevant studies were collected and analysed; the analysis shows that though there are few research works in this area, several existing LoRaWAN security models are not immune to attacks. Symmetry encryption is found to be the most used approach to manage key security due to its less computational operations. Moreover, it is possible to improve existing key security models in LPWAN with consideration of the resource constrained. Again, trusted third parties for key management were also widely used to defend against possible attacks and minimize operational complexities. We, therefore, recommend the design of lightweight and less complex LPWAN security models to sustain the lifespan of LPWAN devices.


A fully printed piezoelectric based touch sensitive skin has been successfully fabricated using screen printing technique. The device, consisting of a 4×4 array of printed sensors and interconnect lines, was fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, using silver (Ag) ink. Screen printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as a piezoelectric layer, was sandwiched between the printed Ag top and bottom electrode metallization layers. The effective polarization of the printed piezoelectric PVDF layer was verified using capacitance-voltage analysis. Piezoelectric-voltage analysis demonstrated the capability of the device to generate voltage peaks as high as 10 V as well as the ability to turn on location based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The response of the touch sensitive skin is analyzed and presented in this paper.


The building of model schools is carried out nationwide among higher vocational colleges,and the effect of information management is prominent.The thesis expatiates on the subject from the scope of the category,the organization system and the introduction of modern methods.What's more,it also discusses the important effect of information management in the national construction of model colleges.


The article characterizes intrafamily relations between parents and their children in the second half of 19th century. The analysis of traditions of upbringing and civil laws that regulated family relationships helps to make the conclusion about influence of these factors on a high level of household criminality in the second half of 19th century.


Taking CRISPR technology further CRISPR techniques are allowing the development of technologies for nucleic acid detection (see the Perspective by Chertow). Taking advantages of the distinctive enzymatic properties of CRISPR enzymes, Gootenberg et al. developed an improved nucleic acid detection technology for multiplexed quantitative and highly sensitive detection, combined with lateral flow for visual readout. Myhrvold et al. added a sample preparation protocol to create a field-deployable viral diagnostic platform for rapid detection of specific strains of pathogens in clinical samples. Cas12a (also known as Cpf1), a type V CRISPR protein, cleaves double-stranded DNA and has been adapted for genome editing. Chen et al. discovered that Cas12a also processes single-stranded DNA threading activity. A technology platform based on this activity detected human papillomavirus in patient samples with high sensitivity. Science, this issue p. 439, p. 444, p. 436; see also p. 381 A nucleic acid detection technology identifies viruses with minimal equipment and sample processing requirements. Mitigating global infectious disease requires diagnostic tools that are sensitive, specific, and rapidly field deployable. In this study, we demonstrate that the Cas13-based SHERLOCK (specific high-sensitivity enzymatic reporter unlocking) platform can detect Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) in patient samples at concentrations as low as 1 copy per microliter. We developed HUDSON (heating unextracted diagnostic samples to obliterate nucleases), a protocol that pairs with SHERLOCK for viral detection directly from bodily fluids, enabling instrument-free DENV detection directly from patient samples in <2 hours. We further demonstrate that SHERLOCK can distinguish the four DENV serotypes, as well as region-specific strains of ZIKV from the 2015–2016 pandemic. Finally, we report the rapid (<1 week) design and testing of instrument-free assays to detect clinically relevant viral single-nucleotide polymorphisms.


Stable uranyl complexes have been synthesized with the title ligands starting from uranyl acetate, uranyl chloride dihydrate and uranyl nitrate hexahydrate. The complexes have been characterized on the basis of analytical data and IR spectral studies. IR evidence indicates that the ligands probably exist in the chair conformation in the case of complexes derived from uranyl nitrate and uranyl acetate, and in both chair and boat conformations in the case of complexes derived from uranyl chloride.


The possibility of negative feedback controls of dopamine (DA) synthesis in the dopaminergic terminals of the rat striatum has been investigated by increasing endogenous DA levels. Monoamine oxidase inhibition by pargyline induced a multiphasic change in DA levels. From the initial effect of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was estimated that newly synthesized DA half-life is about 15 minutes and that its synthesis rate is about 27 µg/g/hr. The slower rate of DA increase observed when DA had reached 145% of control levels has been attributed to a reduction of its synthesis. This hypothesis was confirmed by estimating: 1) in vivo , the accumulation of 3 H-DA and 3 H-methoxydopamine newly synthesized from 3 H-tyrosine at different times after either acute or chronic pargyline treatments; 2) in vitro , the 3 H-H 2 O formed during the L-3 ,5- 3 H-tyrosine- 3 H-dihydroxyphenylalanine conversion in striatal slices of rats pretreated with pargyline or pheniprazine or preincubated in presence of high concentrations of DA. The effect of DA (10 -5 M) on 3 H-H 2 O formation partially was prevented by benztropine (10 -6 M). Both changes in 3 H-DA accumulation and 3 H-H 2 O formation do not seem to be related to changes in tyrosine specific activity since neither tyrosine levels nor 3 H-tyrosine uptake were reduced in our experimental conditions. These data suggest that regulation of DA synthesis is mediated by end product inhibition occurring at the first and rate limiting step of the DA synthesis.


In a case of pyoderma gangrenosum, the initial ulcer was treated by local wound care and hyperbaric oxygen. The recurrent ulcers were treated with hyperbaric oxygen only. Prompt healing occurred in both instances. To our knowledge, this is the first report of management of this entity by hyperbaric oxygen therapy.


High field superconducting dipole magnets were manufactured in industry or at CERN as model magnets for the future Large Hadron Collider (LHC) particle accelerator and tested in superfluid helium. The pick-up coil method is now in use to precisely locate the origin of training quenches and to monitor the propagation of the transition. The improvements made on this diagnostic method is reviewed. This experience allows the location of the onset of the quenches both axially and in the cross section of the winding even for magnets equipped with a minimum of voltage taps on the winding. The location of training quenches are now understood to be related to the structure of the superconducting coil.<<ETX>>


The Persians of Aeschylus translated by T. G. TUCKER, C.M.G., Litt.D. Pp. 43. Melbourne: University Press (London: Milford), 1935. Cloth, 3s. 6d. THIS is the third in the series of Professor Tucker's prose translations of Aeschylus; like the earlier two it is dignified, clear, and reasonably close to the original. It is a less discouraging task to state in English prose what Aeschylus was saying in the Persae than in the Agamemnon, and where the text is doubtful Professor Tucker adopts a sensibly conservative version, with alternative suggestions kept to a bare minimum in the notes. Some points of doubt or disagreement inevitably arise : what Greek word are we to imagine in 559 as the original of ' doublefledged' ships, or in 815 (an admittedly puzzling metaphor and dubious text) for the ' ground-work of disasters is not yet laid, but still grows stone by stone'? In 163 Kovlaa? ovSa<!, however interpreted, should hardly be translated ' in Hs headlong haste'; and in 829 it is surprising to find the reading <ra><f>poveiv icexpr/fievoi apparently defended as meaning ' using sane judgment'. In 76 SixoOev is surely better taken with ireiroiQdvs, as proleptic of ire^ovofioi^ e« T6 0aXdaa-rj<}, rather than with eXavvei. Is Darius's list of Persian kings (765-7) headed by ' a Mede' and ' another Mede' (M?)So? and 0EW09), or is ' Medos' not rather an eponymous ancestor, with ' second' to him a son whose name (perhaps Artaphrenes) is punningly alluded to in 767 ? The introduction is very brief, and it would be merely querulous to complain of omissions. Perhaps one may grudge the paragraph allotted to a rather superficial discussion of Atossa's ignorance in asking ' Where is Athens?' and wish there had been instead a reference to Phrynichus or to the paintings of Polygnotus. Controversial questions are avoided, so the stage-scene is simply given as ' in front of the Council Chamber at Susa'. If however this reasonable interpretation of the areyo<s apxalov is adopted, it is still very doubtful whether ive&pepot, in 140 can be translated ' let us go sit within this venerable hall and take counsel'. eVe£b/utc with the accusative is to sit on, not to sit inside a place: the Chorus is saying in effect ' let us sit down and hold a council-meeting', probably suiting the action to the word—on the steps. The scene is here in fact, as Wilamowitz (Aesch. Int., p. 49) points out, reminiscent of the Phoenissae of Phrynichus.


In the present study,we compared the effects of rare earth element cerium (Ce3 + ) and heavy metal element lead ( Pb2 + ) on seed germination and seedling growth of Chinese cabbage. Results showed that low concentration treatment of Ce3 + and Pb2 + accelerated the seedling growth,stimulated the synthesis of chlorophyll and soluble protein, and elevated activities of POD and CAT. Higher concentration ( 20mg /L) treatment brought harm effect to Chinese cabbage by breaking the balance of protective enzyme system,decreasing the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein, and stimulating the accumulation of MDA. The toxicity of Ce3 + was higher than Pb2 + in the range of concentration (20 ~ 100mg /L). It is concluded that the toxic mechanism of Ce3 + was similar to that of Pb2 + . The study would be helpful to offer theoretical reference for biological monitoring of REEs and setting environmental standard and effluent standards of REEs in order to avoid the similar pollotion of heavy metals.


Global changes in DNA methylation are observed in developmental and disease contexts, and singlecell analyses are highlighting the heterogeneous regulation of these processes. However, technical challenges associated with single-cell analysis of DNA methylation limit these studies. We present single-cell transposable element methylation sequencing (scTEM-seq) for cost-effective estimation of global DNA methylation levels. By targeting high-copy LINE-1 and SINE Alu elements, we achieve amplicon bisulphite sequencing with thousands of loci covered in each library. Parallel transcriptome analysis is also performed to link global DNA methylation heterogeneity with gene expression. We apply scTEM-seq to KG1a acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells, and primary AML cells. Decitabine treatment of KG1a cells induces global DNA methylation heterogeneity associated with altered expression of immune process genes. We also compare global levels of DNA methylation to expression of transposable elements and find a predominance of negative correlations in both the KG1a and patient cells. Finally, we observe co-ordinated upregulation of many transposable elements in a sub-set of decitabine treated cells. By linking global DNA methylation heterogeneity with transcription, scTEM-seq will refine our understanding of epigenetic regulation in cancer and beyond.


Throughout the symposium session, as well as the corresponding oral communications and posters concerned with bone formation, various genetic factors were discussed that are important in affecting bone mass and bone structure. Animal technology has provided a useful tool in gene discovery, utilizing knockouts and transgenic mouse models along with the application of cell and molecular biology techniques. Methodologies involving quantitative trait loci and microarray analyses have enabled some important discoveries, such as the role of lipo-oxygenase pathways in the control of bone mass, and the determination of how gender differences in skeletal size are directly mediated by sex steroids (1).


The principle, features, and classification of ultrasonic motors are briefly described. The classification scheme, which is based on the way elliptic motion is created in the stator, consists of six categories: standing-wave, traveling-wave, mode-conversion, mode-rotation, multimode, and hybrid transducer motors. Research trends are reviewed.<<ETX>>


After two hundred years of the uprising in Huanuco territories there are still recurrent historiographical versions that include the rebellion in an alleged cycle of pre-emancipatory movements. Faced with these opinions, this article analyzes the political culture of those rebels to verify that in their culture still remained beliefs and attitudes of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which explain their attempt to update the social pact with the monarchy. In that sense, applying the model of E.P. Thompson, this work proposes that the movement of 1812 was an expression of moral economy, that is, when a state attempts a modernizing change, some sectors of the society seek to defend traditional customs and rights often based on paternalistic, religious and moral grounds.


Counterfeiting is a serious problem impacting customers and producers in the global economy. We design authenticated product labels (APL), a cryptography based practical counterfeit detection method. Our solution can be used by customers, distributors, and law enforcement alike. APLs not only detects counterfeit goods, but also deters counterfeiting by provably pinpointing its source in the supply chain. Counterfeiting is a serious problem impacting customers and producers in the global economy. We design authenticated product labels (APL), a cryptography based practical counterfeit detection method. Our solution can be used by customers, distributors, and law enforcement alike. APLs not only detects counterfeit goods, but also deters counterfeiting by provably pinpointing its source in the supply chain.


Delipidated high density lipoprotein (apoHDL), isolated apolipoproteins apoA-I and apoA-II, Scarboxymethylated apoA-II, apoC-I1, the NH2and COOH-terminal CNBr peptides of apoA-II, and the COOH_ terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-I were recombined in vitro with [N-C3H3-cholinelphosphatidylcholine (PC) and [N-24CH3-cholinelsphingomyelin (SPM). The lipid-protein complexes were analyzed by ultracentrifugal flotation, agarose gel chromatography and circular dichroism. ApoHDL, apoA-II, and S-carboxymethylated apoA-II readily recombined with PC or SPM to form particles that were similar in size to native HDL. The COOHbut not the NH2-terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-II recombined with lipid. ApoA-I and the COOH-terminal CNBr peptide of apoA-I, however, recombined with PC or SPM to only a limited extent, suggesting that protein-protein interactions between apoA-I and apoA-II are important in the integration of apoA-I into recombined lipoprotein particles. Analysis of the recombined lipid-protein complexes by circular dichroism indicated that there was an increase in helical structure concomitant with lipidprotein binding. The reconstituted particles had many of the physical and chemical properties of the native lipoprotein. It has been shown (1-4) that the protein moiety of human serum high density lipoprotein (HDL), prepared in its lipidfree form (apoHDL) by treatment with organic solvents (5, 6) retains its capacity to bind lipids, both in vivo (7) and in vitro (3, 8). About 90% of the protein moiety of apoHDL is composed of two major apoproteins, designated as apoA-I and apoA-II, or, by their COOH-terminal amino acids, as apoGln-I and apoGln-JI (9-16); the remaining 10% is mainly composed of three minor apoproteins (apoC-I, apoC-II, and apoC-III), also associated with the very low density lipolprotein family (9). The complete amino-acid sequences of apoA-II, apoC-I, and apoC-III have been reported (17-19). Lipid-free apolipoproteins, when sonicated with or added to (sonicated) HDL lipids, reform lipidated complexes resembling the native molecules (2, 4, 20-23). The mode of interaction between phospholipids and apolipoproteins remains, however, unknown, and the integration of individual lipid and protein molecules into the structural organization of the HDL macromolecules is not fully understood. To elucidate how the various components are held together in an organized structure and to what extent protein-lprotein, protein-lipid, and lipid-lipid interactions contribute to the overall structure of HDL, we have examined the interactions of different HDL apolipoproteins, in native and chemically modified form, with phospholipids and neutral lipids. We have studied lipid-protein interactions in HDL utilizing lIC and 31p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (24-26). Here we report on phospholipid-protein interactions in HDL as assessed by ultracentrifugal flotation, gel chromatography, and circular dichroism (CD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation ofHDL and HDL Apolipoproteins. The HDL used in these studies was obtained from the plasma of two male volunteers (G.A., K.Z.). The lipoproteins were isolated by preparative ultracentrifugal flotation between KBr densities 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml, and delipidated with chloroformmethanol, 2:1 (6). The procedures used in the isolation and characterization of the individual proteins of apoHDL are described elsewhere (6). ApoA-I was isolated by chromatography of apoHDL in 6M urea on Sephadex G-200 (Pharmacia, superfine) (13). ApoA-II was isolated by chromatography of apoHDL in 6 M'\ urea on DEAE-cellulose (Whatman, DE-52) (6, 12). ApoC-III was isolated as described (27, 28). Cleavage with CNBr (Eastman, ratio of reagent to peptide, 500: 1) was performed in 70% formic acid at 250 for 48 hr (29). The resulting peptide fragments of apoA-II were purified to homogeneity by chromatography on Sephadex G-75 (0.2 M Tris*HCI, pH 8.6, 6 M urea); peptides of apoA-I, by chromatography on Biogel P-10 (25% acetic acid). ApoA-I, apoA-IJ, COOHand NH-terminal CNBr peptides of apoA-JI, and the COOH-terminal peptide of al)oA-1 were shown to be homogeneous by analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (30), Edman NH2-terminal analysis (31), and amino-acid analyses. The latter were performed on a Beckman-Spinco automatic amino-acid analyzer, model 120B or 121, adapted for high sensitivity (32) and a rapid elution schedule (33). Hydrolyses were performed at 1100 for 24 hr in constant-boiling HCl (5.7 N) containing 2-mercaptoethanol (1/2000, v/v) (34). ApoA-II was reduced with 2-mercaptoethanol and alkylated with iodoacetic acid (29). ApoA-II was succinylated with a 50-fold molar excess of succinic anhydride in 0.1 M NaHCO3, pH 8.8, for 1 hr at room temperature (35). The incubation mixture was desalted by fractionation over Sephadex G-10 in 0.05 M NH4HCO3. ApoA-II was enzymatically digested with trypsin [L-(1-tosylamido-2-phenyl)ethyl chloromethyl ketone-treated, Worthington, peptide: enzyme, 30:1] at 370 in 0.1 M trimethylamine the acetate buffer, pH 8.2 (29). Tryptic peptides were isolated by DEAEcellulose chromatography (29). Preparation of Lipids. Egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SPM\) were isolated and characterized 989 Abbreviations: HDL, high density lipoproteins; apoHDL, delipidated high density lipoproteins; CD, circular dichroism; PC, phosphatidyleholine; SPM, sphingomyelin. D ow nl oa de d by g ue st o n Ju ly 6 , 2 02 1 990 Biochemistry: Assmann and Brewer, Jr. (24). An 3H or '4C label was chemically introduced into the choline moieties of PC and SP.M (36). [N-C3H3-choline]PC (specific activity, 3.5 X 104 cpm/uomol) and [N-' 4CH3-choline] SPM (specific activity, 2.8 X 10i cpm/,umol) were purified by silica gel chromatography (37), and subsequently used for recombination experiments with individual apolipoproteins. The preparation of 1,2[dioleoyl-1-14C ]-sn-phosphatidylcholine and the procedures used to label cholesterol esters in naturally occurring HDL are described elsewhere (24). Reassembly Experiments. Sonicated dispersions of PC and SPM were added to individual apoproteins solubilized in 0.1 M NH4HCO3 buffer, pH 8.8, by the procedures outlined (24). The lipid-protein samples were adjusted to density 1.063 g/ml with solid KBr and spun for 20 hr in a 65 rotor at 60,000 rpm. The infranatant fractions (3 ml) were adjusted to a density of 1.25 g/ml and spun for 40 hr at 60,000 rpm. Lipid-protein complexes, isolated by ultracentrifugal flotation or agarose gel chromatography (see below) were analyzed for phospholipid by determination of radioactivity, and for protein by the method of Lowry et al. (38). Gel Chromatography. Lipid-protein complexes isolated by ultracentrifugation at density 1.063 g/ml or 1.25 g/ml were chromatographed on a column of Biogel A, 1.5 M (2 X 90 cm), equilibrated in 10 mM NH4HCO, buffer, pH 8.8; 0.5 ml of the 1.063 g/ml infranatant (3 ml) or 1.25 g/ml supernatant (3 ml) fractioll was applied to the column, and the eluate (10 ml/hr) was monitored by A280. Aliquots of each tube were analyzed for phospholipid by determination of radioactivity. Fractions containing protein or protein-lipid were pooled, lyophilized and analyzed by analytical polyacrylamide gel


The aim of the study was the measurement of Mental Health of parents of specially-abled children reference with DEIC Department of Jam khambhaliya the sample of 60 parents 30 mothers and 30 fathers parents of DEIC Department Jam khambhaliya, Gujarat. I have used the mental health analysis Questionnaire (Revised) was measured by Dr. Ashwin Jansari, Dr. Harkant Badami, and Dr. Charulata Badami from Ahmedabad. The reliability of the scale was 0.87 and the scale was validated against the criteria was 0.71. Collected data were statistically analyzed with the help of the 't' test. his study result H01. non-significant difference between mantel health of father and mother parents, H02. There is no significant difference in mantel health of rural and urban aria parents


Jewel bracelet for exercise, which can be adapted, among other places in the body, wrist as a bracelet, forearms as a bracelet or ankles as anklet, due to the weight of a plurality of elongated pieces that incorporates serves to make the person wearing make physical exercise in addition to carrying an object highly aesthetic motif as the different elements bracelets are interchangeable and can vary the aesthetic appearance by changing the materials, shapes and colors the said elements.


The present invention belongs to the technological field of food production. DHA and EPA, named cerebral gold, are long-chain unsaturated fatty acids essential for human body and has the health functions of nourishing brain, promoting intelligence growth, preventing arteriosclerosis, preventing senile dementia, lowering blood fat, regulating immunity, etc. The technological process of preparing the fish oil DHA powder includes dispersing fined fish oil in water solution of capsule material to complete the first embedding, the second embedding with natural polymer material, such as easy-to-dissolve Arabic gum and corn dextrin, as ideal carrier material. The product has DHA content over 15%, and high stability in hot water, and may be used in milk product, food heatlh article, medicine, feed, additive, etc.


The experience of modern social development reflects that there is an important mutual promotion effect between urbanization and industrial structure upgrading.This paper uses quantitative economics analyse method and coordination degree measure model to analye the relationship and coordination between urbanization and industrial structure in Fujian since 1990.The result shows that there is long term proportional relationship between the urbanization and industrial structure in Fujian.Urbanization has a positive effect on industrial structure upgrading.However,the current level of urbanization lags behind the upgrading of industrial structure,but with the development of economy,the coordination degree of urbanization and industrial structure upgrading is rising.And some suggestions are put forword to the coordination of development between irbanization and industrial structure upgrading.


The invention provides a magnetization suspension induction drive type counteractive momentum ball which comprises a spherical rotor, arc-shaped stators, a displacement sensor, a rotation speed sensor, a controller and a drive circuit. The spherical rotor serves as a carrier for angular momentum exchange, is suspended in a coil cage composed of the six arc-shaped stators and controlled by electromagnetic force generated by the current in coils and rotates around any axis. The six arc-shaped stators and an aircraft body are fixed into a whole, and each arc-shaped stator comprises an arc-shaped magnet yoke with teeth and the coils wound around the arc-shaped magnet yoke. The displacement sensor detects the position of the spherical rotor in the coil cage composed of the arc-shaped stators and transmits a position signal to the controller. The rotation speed sensor detects the rotation speed of the spherical rotor relative to the arc-shaped stators and transmits a rotation speed signal to the controller. The controller generates a suspension drive control signal according to the position signal and generates a rotation drive control signal according to the rotation speed signal. The drive circuit amplifies a control signal generated by the controller and loads the control signal on the coils to generate the current.


Bipedal walking approaches are one of the main technical hurdles in the robotics due to its high dimensionality, natural instability, nonlinearity, and high Cost of Travelling (CoT). The major challenge is to achieve a stable walk with inexpensive infrastructure without using complex algorithms. Researchers are trying to achieve a large angle of freedom but there is a tradeoff between power, stability, and angle of freedom. This paper presents simulation, implementation of a bipedal walking robot, and analysis of various research techniques for a simple but reliable bipedal walking method. We have implemented a shift displacement walking technique through that bipedal robot attains CoP (Centre of Point) while walking and keeping the CoG (Center of Gravity) projection to the ground within its foot area to maintain dynamic stability, achieved high angle of freedom, and efficiency due to efficient cycle time. We have simulated three different bi-pedal walking techniques, and it shows the Shift Displacement Method achieved 14 degrees of angle of freedom with a cycle time of 0.605 seconds. We achieved less power consumption, cost of traveling (CoT), and angle of freedom of 14 degrees as compared to state of the art. The experimental prototype is based on the KHR-I and has 10 DOF (Degrees of Freedom), weighted as 1.5 kg, and stands 38 cm.


OBJECTIVE
To review clinical signs, treatments, and outcome of 4 cases in cats after ingestion of alpha lipoic acid.

CASE SERIES SUMMARY
Four cases with known alpha lipoic acid ingestions developed clinical signs. A consistent clinical sign in all cases was vomiting, while 2 of the 4 cases resulted in death.

NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED
This is the first reported case series of alpha lipoic acid ingestions in cats.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a fluorescent whitening agent composition suitable for optical whitening paper or cardboard. Composition contains specified bis- triazinylamino-stilbene fluorescent whitening agents with carboxylic acid and/or sulphonic acid groups. Composition can be used for whitening paper in pulp, size press or by coating. EFFECT: invention provides high degree of whiteness of paper and stability of aqueous fluorescent whitening agent composition. 25 cl, 2 ex


A subgroup 2 rhabdovirus was isolated in south-east Queensland from black-eyed Susan (Thunbergia alata) with symptoms of vein yellowing, vein clearing and leaf distortion. Bacilliform particles accumulated in the perinuclear space of infected plants and measured 69 +/- 7 x 161 +/- 8 nm in unfixed preparations. The virus was not transmitted mechanically. Purified preparations of the Thunbergia alata rhabdovirus (TaRV) contained four major proteins with molecular weights of 80 kD, 48 kD, 40 kD and 35 kD, similar to those of datura yellow vein virus (DYVV), a newly described rhabdovirus from Australia. The 80 kD protein was identified as the viral glycoprotein. In immunoblots, the two largest proteins of TaRV reacted strongly with antiserum to DYVV, but were serologically distinct from sonchus yellow net, cereal chlorotic mottle, potato yellow dwarf and lettuce necrotic yellows viruses. TaRV is considered to be a strain of DYVV.


Contracts are a form of lightweight formal specification embedded in the program text; by combining specification and implementation, they try to make it easier for programmers to write and update the specification. Motivated by the importance of having accurate specifications over a system's lifetime, this paper presents an extensive empirical study of 15 software projects in Eiffel and C# using contracts over a total of 97 years of development. The study analyzes 1) how specifications change over time, 2) what is the relationship between code changes and specification changes for the same project, and 3) what are the consequences for project development activities. The results include: the percentage of program elements with specification is above 33% for most projects and tends to be stable over time; there is no strong preference for a certain type of specification element (preconditions, postconditions, class invariants); specifications are quite stable compared to implementations.


In late 1862, concerned about her husband Norflet, Fannie, a slave woman, wrote to him from "Spring Hill" plantation in Harrison County, Texas. A personal servant to Theophilus Perry, Norflet accompanied his master when the latter joined the Confederate Army. Fannie worried whether they would ever be rejoined. Separated since mid-year, she touchingly wrote: "I haven't forgot you nor I never will forget you as long as the world stands, even if you forget me." Her love was now "just as great as it was the first night I married you, and I hope it will be so with you." Fannie's "heart and love" was "pinned" to Norflet's "breast, and I hope yours is to mine." If she never saw him again she hoped to "meet" him "in Heaven." Fannie asserted that "there is no time night or day but what I am studying about you." It had been several months since she had received a letter from Norflet. Informed by her mistress that her husband had been ill, Fannie was gratified to learn that Norflet had recovered. Fannie missed her husband, particularly during the holiday season. She reminded him of the Christmas tradition (which both had previously shared), when the master gave the slaves three days off. At loose ends, she attended a "candy stew." Fannie passed on greetings from "Mother, Father, Grand-mama, Brother & Sisters." All hoped Norflet would "do well." Fannie, lonely and desirous of seeing her absent husband, wished that it would "not be long before you can come home." She poignantly closed by writing, "If you love me like I love you no knife can cut our love into [sic]." Whether Fannie and Norflet ever resumed their marriage at some future date is unknown. He disappeared from around Pine Bluff, Arkansas, in March 1863. Perry was killed at the Battle of Pleasant Hill in 1864. Fannie and Norflet do not appear in the 1870 Harrison County census, but this does not mean they never reunited.(1) Evident in Fannie's letter is the deep and abiding feeling slaves felt about marriage and family although neither was legally recognized. If Fannie and Norflet had rejoined and lived in postwar Texas, they would have faced incredible obstacles in finding a legal official to sanction their union. The Civil War resulted in the emancipation of the slaves, but as Reconstruction commenced, the civil rights of the freedpeople remained unclear. Although the former Confederate states would be required to establish basic freedom for blacks once they made constitutional changes to reflect the war's result, national sovereignty also superimposed itself onto the state legal structure. From county clerks to congressmen, confusion seemed to reign among everyone concerned with black rights. The legal evolution of their status varied across the South. In Texas, a perplexing situation existed. Through the combined efforts of the Freedmen's Bureau and the Texas black community, marital and parental rights were finally recognized in state law. A Texas black newspaper, The Freedmen's Press, summarized the former slaves' antebellum dilemma in an 1868 editorial. During slavery, the newspaper stated, "lawful wedlock was unknown and relations of husband and wife, parent and child" were not protected by Southern law and but a "slight degree, in fact." Severely treated, slaves were "sold and resold, regardless of kindred ties," and "human affection" was an emotion alien to the "merciless slave dealer." Indeed, when "families were allowed to grow up with some semblance of respect for the decencies of humanity," numerous obstacles loomed on the horizon, not the least of which was the slave auctioneer.(2) Couples who survived these traumas faced a different situation once the war ended. Many questions of a marital and parental nature emerged during the early years of Texas Reconstruction among the black community. This legal entanglement had begun during slavery and the Civil War. The disruptive nature of the conflict only exacerbated the problem, further postponing a solution. …


From the point of view of the market economy market-oriented operation of the traditional sports of factors,factors that according to a correct perception of a lack of awareness;the lack of standardized management;the lack of professionals hinders the development of traditional sports sports.The analysis as long as the role of the government's guiding role in education be attached to support the economy,to be protected in law and take the road to international development,can be leveraged by the market economy and the commercial channels to raise funds for their own development and promoting self-promotion and development.


Networked teleoperation (NT) is an emerging area of technology, where human assisted Master and remote Slave devices communicate over a communication network for the exchange of command and sensor feedback information. For long range mobile teleoperation, this information travels over different types of heterogeneous/hybrid networks interconnected together with a compulsory network segment over wireless to permit increased mobility. The independent design of control and network promotes the isolated objectives and the performance is degraded after an integration. It is also challenging if internet is used for teleoperation, instead of point to point communication. The mechanisms of QoS in one network protocol of the heterogeneous network needs mapping on any other network which is usually carried out with a multimedia point of view and not for the critical teleoperation data. The approach for networked teleoperation can be given a new dimension by adding quality of service (QoS) to different flows on need based priority and as a function of control and transparence criteria. This means to alter the network resources for teleoperation objective in order to transport the information to satisfy the end-to-end application needs. The network QoS perspective is important to consider in the co-design approach for teleoperation. However, the true meaning of end to end QoS must be defined for teleoperation. If we consider the QoS from the network point of view, it refers to the management of various flows or users as per their need and precedence. Whereas, from the teleoperation perspective, QoS is related to the quality of control (QoC) which includes stability, transparence and telepresence. Moreover, the human interface may have different requirements as per telepresence feeling which will result in varying network load. To control network QoS, we need to measure or estimate it. Therefore, classification of QoS is performed with a fuzzy inference system which is able to distinguish between varying levels of QoS. In addition, it is also a challenging task for online decision for reconfiguration of network and control performance. We have used supervised methods for classification and prediction of QoS to be used in the proposed approach. Thus, data communication networks treat control information as best effort most of the time. conclusion the communication used in teleoperation uses a dedicated network/communication. In short, a co-design approach is formulated to treat the network QoS as a function of teleoperation objectives which are related to the quality of transparence and control. Alternatively, the video flow is managed in order to effectively reduce the necessary throughput for instants when the network quality is not sufficient. We have considered two cases. First, without taking into account any network QoS mechanism (best effort flows only) and adapting application needs as per the teleoperation objectives. The second one considers a QoS oriented network in between the master and slave, where different priorities can be assigned to the teleoperation flows as per need. In the end, the proposed methodology is implemented on the NeCS-Car benchmark.


It is a common phenomenon that lithologic differences cause different deformation between layers. This work focuses on the Longmenshan thrust zone, which is located at the eastern margin of the Tibet plateau. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake occurred at the middle segment of the Longmenshan thrust zone, which is called Beichuan-Yingxiu fault. The section of Hongkou to Qingping of the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault is a thick skinned thrust fault in the interface of Precambrian Complex and stratified rock. There is large difference in material between the hanging wall and footwall. Based on the seismic reflection profile, focal mechanism solutions and coseismic surface ruptures of the Wenchuan earthquake, two two-dimensional models constrained by the low-resistivity and low-velocity layers were built across the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault to study the influence of dissimilar materials. We use the R-minimum strategy based the nonlinear finite element method to simulate contact behavior of the fault and deformation style in the upper crust in the time period of one earthquake recurrence interval. Totally 24 couples of different Young's modules of the hanging wall and footwall were tested. The results show the interaction of the tough complex in the hanging wall and carbon-containing stratified rock in the footwall. The difference in the Young's modules between the hanging wall and the footwall could increase the slip time of the fault, prolong slip progress and cause more vertical deformation at the depth less than 10 km in the footwall. On the other hand, the difference in the Poisson ratio has little effect on the fault behavior, but seems to have some influence on the slip progress. When the seismogenic structure is in the interface of dissimilar materials, the activity of fractures developed in the foreland basin in front of the thrust belt has limited effects both on the slip time and slip progress of the thrust fault, but they could decrease the deformation of layers shallower than 10 km in the footwall through slip partitioning. The tough Pengguan complex in the hanging wall and the soft stratified rock is one of the key factors of the two imbricate structures ruptured in the Wenchuan earthquake.


The title compound, C36H33N3O2, was synthesized by the intermolecular [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of azomethine ylide, derived from isatin and sarcosine by a decarboxylative route, and 1-benzyl-3,5-dibenzylidene-piperidin-4-one. There are two spiro junctions in the molecule, which consists of a nearly planar 2-oxindole ring, an envelope pyrrolidine ring and a chair piperidone ring. There is an intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, the N⋯O distance being 2.835 (3) A.


Model of specific ploughing energy is developed in mild steel using single grit scratch tests. The effects of the four grinding process parameters, i.e., grinding speed, table speed, grain size and depth of cut on specific ploughing energy are investigated. To model the specific ploughing energy, the geometrical parameters of the groove produced during single grit scratch test have been measured using Talysurf profilograms. Specific ploughing energy, scratch hardness, geometrical height ratio and geometrical radius ratio are mathematically modelled in terms of the grinding process variables. It has been observed that the grain size and depth of cut have significant effect on the ploughing phenomenon. Specific ploughing energy has been seen to be a significant component of the total specific grinding energy. This component has become even more predominant at very low depth of cut. Predominance of specific ploughing energy at low depth of cut has helped to explain the 'size effect' phenomena in grinding. This has enhanced the knowledge of ploughing phenomena with respect to process parameters and material properties of the workpiece.


A simple low loss microwave delay equalizer for the delay equalization of narrow band microwave bandpass filters has been explored. This equalizer is quite small and does not require the use of additional components such as circulators or hybrids. It exhibits a reflection coefficient of less than 1 percent and possesses two very valuable and convenient features: a continuous adjustment of the delay shape and of the center frequency. The structure is analyzed theoretically, an equivalent circuit is derived, and expressions for both delay and loss are given. Also presented are design data and experimental results concerning the actual delay equalization of a bandpass filter and the temperature behavior of the equalizer and the filter-equalizer combination.


Background: Several treatments are effective in treating personality disorder and outcome does not differ substantially across treatments. These findings point to the importance of generic mechanisms and an eclectic approach that combines effective interventions from different models. Aim: To develop a framework for integrated, eclectic treatment using an array of interventions drawn from different treatment modes and delivered in an integrated way. Method: Literature review of treatment outcome and conceptual analysis of the nature of personality disorder and the process of change was used to identify principles for organizing treatment. Results: Four ideas are proposed for organizing treatment and coordinating interventions. First, treatment is based on generic change mechanisms. Second, interventions are divided into general and specific treatment strategies. General treatment strategies are used throughout treatment to build the alliance, ensure therapeutic consistency, provide validation, and build motivation. Specific interventions are added to this framework as needed to treat specific problems. Third, treatment is conceptualized as a series of phases, each addressing different problems and domains of psychopathology. This framework is used to coordinate the selection of specific interventions. Finally, change in specific behaviours is described using the stages of change model that also provides an orderly way to combine interventions. Conclusions: An integrated and eclectic approach to treatment is consistent with current empirical evidence on treatment efficacy and the limitations of current treatments.


Introduction The KneeAlign2 (OrthAlign, Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA) is a portable accelerometer-based navigation device for use in performing the distal femoral resection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This device works as a computer-assisted surgical system. It does not require the use of a large console for registration and alignment feedback.(image1,2) Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy in positioning the femoral component and the presense of a learning curve in conducting TKA using this device. Materials and methods From May 2015 to March 2016, 60 knees underwent a primary TKA using a portable accelerometer-based navigation device for performing the distal femoral resection. These TKAs were devided in two groups. Group1: operated by surgeon of experience using the KneeAlign2 more than 30 cases. Group2: operated by surgeons of experience using the KneeAlign2 less than 30 cases. Standing AP hip-to-ankle radiographs were obtained postoperatively. Positioning of the femoral component was measured by the radiographs. Outlier in coronal alignment were defined as >3°. The radiographic results and operation time were compared between the groups. Students t-test was performed to assess the statistical analysis (p Result There was no outlier and all patients had an alignment within 90±3°to the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal plane in both groups. The mean deviation(absolute values) from the neutral alignment of the femoral component were 1.5±0.5 in group1 and1.2±0.7 in group2. There was no statistical significance between the groups. Average operation time was 106.2 minutes in group1 and 108.5 minutes in group2. There was no statistical significance between the groups. There were no complications during the surgery associated with the navigation device. Conclusion This portable navigation device is highly accurate in positioning the femoral component in TKA. And as the learning curve for using this device does not be observed, this portable navigation is easy to handle even for beginner users. For any figures or tables, please contact authors directly (see Info & Metrics tab above).


This study investigated wireless power transfer with inductive coupling at a distance addressing the power requirement for chronic gastrostimulator implants. The energy harvesting system was designed to collect 3 to 20 mW power to operate an implantable stimulator to deliver 1 to 6 mA electric current into stomach tissues. The power transfer system efficiencies were investigated with different dimensions and turn numbers in coil antennas, distances between the two antennas, and variable loads. Clinical practicality and patient comforts were considered for implanting in the stomach through endoscopic procedures. Thus, the antenna size of the transmitter was configured to be between 4 and 6 cm in diameter, to increase portability while the implant coil was fixed at 10×35 mm2. The distance between the two antennas varied from 4 to 10 cm in air. The system efficiency measured as the ratio of output power to input power included tuning a class-E amplifier in the transmitter at 1.3 MHz carrier frequency. A maximum efficiency was achieved at 9.59%. At all distances measured, the delivered power to the implant was more than 3 mW which was the minimal requirement for the operation of the implant.


The allelopathic potentials of water leachates of three legume forages Trifolium repens,Medicago sativa and Vicia villosa on the seed germination and seedling growth of four common cropland weeds including Cynodon dactylon,Echinochloa crusgalli,Digitaria sanguinalis and Eleusine indica were evaluated in laboratory.The water leachates of the shoots of the three legume forages displayed significantly inhibitory effects on the germination and seedling growth of the tested plants,and the inhibitory effects increased with the concentrations of the water leachates.The water leachates of V.villosa at 0.1 g·mL-1 inhibited the seed germination of E.crusgalli by 50.8%,and the root growth of E.indica by 59.9%.The water leachates of T.repens inhibited the shoot grwoth of E.crusgalli by 54.3%.Incorporation of 1% and 2% fresh shoots of the three legume forages into the soils in pots increased the shoot growth and biomass of rice,but 3% incorporation inhibited the rice growth.These results indicate that appropriate application of legume forages in paddy field not only stimulate rice growth but also control the weeds.


The optical properties of Nd3+:LaF3 and Nd3+:(La1-x,Bax)F3-x (x=0.1) crystals, which were efficiently grown by the micro-pulling down method, were investigated using a vacuum ultraviolet spectrum-resolved streak camera system. The fluorescence of the Nd3+:LaF3 crystal is centered at 174 nm with a full width at half maximum of 8 nm and a lifetime of 8.9 ns. On the other hand, the fluorescence of the Nd3+:(La1-x,Bax)F3-x (x=0.1) crystal is centered at 180 nm with a full width at half maximum of 12 nm and a lifetime of 6.1 ns. Since the (La1-x,Bax)F3-x (x=0.1) host is transparent in the vacuum ultraviolet region having a transmission edge at 160 nm, it is proposed that Nd3+:(La1-x,Bax)F3-x (x=0.1) is suitable as a vacuum ultraviolet scintillator and as a potential laser material.


AIM: To investigate the abilities of F.nucleatum to adhere to and invade epithelial cells with the different incubation time in the early stage. METHODS: The bacterial suspension of F.nucleatum ATCC10953 and F.nucleatum WCD05-1 were added to the well with KB cells correspondingly. Adhesion and invasion assays were carried out when the incubation was continued for 1/2hr,1hr,2hr,3hr and 4hr. One-way AVONA analysis was used to study the bacterial abilities to adhere to and invade epithelial cells. RESULTS: With the increasing of the incubation time in the early stage, the adhesion and invasion levels to KB cells of both F.nucleatum were raised and reached maximum.Then the quantities of the bacteria were decreased, but the adhesion and invasion kept on the level during a short period at least. Moreover, the abilities of the clinically isolated strain were higher than those of the typical strain. When the adhesion and invasion levels reached maximum, the adhesion and invasion quantity of F.nucleatum WCD05-1 were about 2 and 4 times those of F.nucleatum ATCC10953. CONCLUSION: In the early stage, the adhesion and invasion levels to KB cells of both F.nucleatum are raised firstly. After reaching maximum the adhesion and invasion levels are decreased. But F. nucleatum can adhere to and invade epithelial cells and remain during a short period. The adhesion and invasion abilities of the clinically isolated strain (F.nucleatum WCD05-1) are greater than those of the type strain(F.nucleatum ATCC10953).


The comparatively recent development of the full automatic substation and also the automatic substation combined with remote control, has served to re-open the entire subject of the economics of distribution. But quite aside from the questions that the automatic substation has presented, the great fluctuations in the prices of materials and, of labor have made necessary renewed study of this subject. In other words, the proper design of a distribution system should represent a balance between all of the different items of cost that go to make up the total cost of power. Any change in the relative cost of materials as against labor or of a certain class of materials as against another class of materials tends to upset such a balance. Now that we begin to emerge from the unsettled conditions of the past few years during which the old relationships have been substantially changed, it is necessary to ask the question whether or not the rules by which distribution systems have been planned in the past still apply. More specifically, it is the purpose of this paper to determine, first, the relations that govern the size of feeders and the correct feeder layouts for any given arrangement of substations, and second, the principles underlying the correct location, size, and type of substations, assuming the fullest development of automatic and semi-automatic control. There is involved also the important question of stray currents.


In order to elucidate the mechanisms of atherosclerosis which caused by lipoprotein(a) and discuss the inhibition of fibrinolysis by apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the effects of recombinant apo(a) Kringle Ⅳ 10(KⅣ 10) on the binding of plasminogen to endothelial cells by the capacity of lysine binding were studied. The recombinant plasmids designated pGEX KG/Trp 72 KⅣ 10 (wild type KⅣ 10/Trp 72 , wt KⅣ 10/Trp 72 ) and pGEX KG/Arg 72 KⅣ 10 (mutate type KⅣ 10/ Arg 72 , mut KIV 10/Arg 72 ) of apo(a) were transformed E.coli DH 5α and expressed as fusion GST proteins, following with isolation and purification by affinity chromatography on Glutathione Agarose. The lysine binding capacities of the GST KⅣ 10 fusion proteins were examined by affinity chromatography on Lys Sepharose. The effects of these two kinds of GST KⅣ 10 fusion proteins on the binding of plasminogen to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were studied, using the plasminogen labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The results indicated that the expressed GST wt KⅣ 10/Trp 72 fusion proteins bound strongly to Lys Sepharose, while the expressed GST mut KⅣ 10/Arg 72 fusion proteins had no affinity to Lys Sepharose at all. GST wt KⅣ 10/Trp 72 fusion proteins could effectively inhibit the binding of plasminogen to HUVEC, in contrast, GST mut KⅣ 10/Arg 72 fusion proteins could not even in higher concentration. The inhibition of fibrinolysis by apo(a) KⅣ 10 is associated with its capacity of lysine binding. The capacity of apo(a) KⅣ 10 is associated with Trp 72 in its lysine binding sites.


Background : Intra operative pathological assessment has offered a very valuable service in patient management. The present study was done to evaluate the status of intraoperative cytology as a diagnostic and supportive investigation for various tumours. To evaluate the utility of imprint /scrape cytology for the rapid diagnosis of Aim and objectives: surgically removed specimens. 70 surgically removed specimens from various organs and Materials and Methods: systems were studied. Smears were taken from each specimen before formalin fixation and stained by modified rapid H&E and Papanicolaou staining. Cytological diagnosis was made and then results were compared with the histological diagnosis taking the latter as the gold standard. Out of the 70 cases sampled, 70 were satisfactor Results: y for evaluation. Overall accuracy rate was 87.14 % .Six cases of false positive diagnosis and 3 false negative diagnosis were made. Positive predictive value was 75% and negative predictive value was 93.47%. Imprint /scrape Conclusions: cytology is a good complement for the rapid diagnosis in histopathological study of tumor/tumor like lesions and intra operative cytology can be used an adjunct to frozen section.


PicoGreen® dsDNA quantitation reagent is an ultrasensitive fluorescent nucleic acid stain for quantitating double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in solution. Detecting and quantitating small amounts of DNA is extremely important in a wide variety of biological applications. These include standard molecular biology techniques, such as synthesizing cDNA for library production and purifying DNA fragments for subcloning, as well as diagnostic techniques, such as quantitating DNA amplification products and detecting DNA molecules in drug preparations. The PicoGreen reagent has recently been used to quantitate PCR amplification yields in a method for direct cycle sequencing of PCR products. 1


Africa has been presented as underdeveloped and backward until the adventure of colonial architects. Archaeological remnants and structures, some of which are still standing to date, portray a different reality seemingly echoed by the biblical account. The endowment of Africa with natural resources, evidence of processing abilities and references to established kingdoms occasionally used as instruments of divine punishment of Israel or provision of refuge suggests a much more advanced situation than has been routinely presented by historians. The biblical record which has been proven for its reliability and historicity provides us with the impetus to re-analyse key texts in order to re-examine the views that have been posited. The Western tendency to undermine Africa's advancements is well known. This article therefore considers the story of the Ethiopian Eunuch as a point of reference to African realities reflected throughout the biblical text.


Biomedical microsystems (BioMEMS) integrate microscale sensors and actuators, microfluidics, micro-optics, and structural elements with computation, communications, and controls for application to medicine for the improvement of human health. Derived from the microfabrication technology used to make integrated circuits, BioMEMS is expected to revolutionize the way medicine is practiced and delivered. This paper presents an introductory overview of three new areas of BioMEMS in medicine: 1) surgical microsystems (intelligent micro-invasive surgical tools); 2) diagnostic microsystems (biochips and related microinstrumentation); and 3) therapeutic microsystems (health care management systems). Some representative examples based on the work carried out at the University of Minnesota are presented including: 1) MEMS in precision surgery-ophthalmology; 2) MEMS in biomolecular recognition; and 3) MEMS in autonomous therapy management systems - micropumps for drug delivery. Selected human clinical trials of the application of BioMEMS are presented.


For several sodium n - alkanecarboxy late hydrous melts (CnH2n+1C00Na\RH20, n=0,l,2,3,4,5,7,9), the structural change with carbon number in the alkyl group was investigated by X-ray diffraction measurements. A peak was found over 10 A of d-value (d= \ f l sin 0) for the hydrous melts (n= 1,2,3,4,5,7,9) except sodium formate (n=0), which suggested the evidence of the middle-range structure. The peak position was not varied with the water content, while the peak intensity increased with decreasing of the water content. The peak position shifted to lower angle region with increasing carbon number in the alkyl group. It was found that the dimension of the middle-range structure was affected by the carbon number, the hydrophobicity of the carboxylate anion. The d-value of the peak position was proportional to the carbon number with slope of 2.7 A /carbon. It was assumed that the middle range structure is similar to micelle-like structure in the anhydrous sodium carboxylate melts. carboxylate salts with short alkyl group (n < 10) make micelle-like structure. In this work, X-ray diffraction measurements were performed for sodium /i-alkanecarboxylates with a short alkyl chain in order to examine whether similar peak was observed in the hydrous melt. Further, we investigated the dependence of the carbon number and the water content on the peak position and peak intensity. From these results, we investigated the effect of hydrophobicity of the carboxylate anion on the middle-range structure of the hydrous melts and discussed the relationship between the middle-range structure and the supercooled states.


An image processing computer application to automatically assess the vigor of three-day-old soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill.) seedlings was developed. The software operates on acquired digital images of soybean seed lots placed on a paper towel. Soybean seedlings were extracted away from the paper towel and converted into various digital representations. These representations were used to analyze the seedlings and segment them into normal and abnormal categories. The normal seedlings were further processed so that a one-pixel-wide structure of the shape of the seedling was produced. From this summary structure, the software classified the seedlings into six type categories based on their shape. Each normal seedling was processed to remove the cotyledon portion of the summary structure based on the type category it fell into. The remaining structure, with the cotyledon removed, was then used to compute the length of each seedling in pixels. From these length measurements, speed of growth and uniformity of growth values were computed. These two values were normalized and combined into a zero to 1,000 vigor index for the seed lot. Combined with the post-processing corrective features, this computer software was able to achieve highly accurate and standardized measurements of each soybean seedling, providing an alternative to the current method of manually measuring soybean seedlings for speed and uniformity of growth when performing a vigor test.


Technology has been viewed as a lodestone for improving student academic performance and for increasing the flexibility of public schools. This review provides a synthesis that addresses the effect of technology on teaching and learning and analyzes these effects through the lens of diffusion theory. This synthesis examines the historical trends of technology, explores policy changes that have influenced technology's role in K-12 curriculum, how these changes have resulted in a new definition of literacy that now includes technological literacy and in new social and cultural dynamics. Third, this review examines the gaps between the vision for technology and its practical realities, concluding with a call for future educational research in technology.


Faithfulness should always be the first as well as the last principle of any kinds of translation.However,when it comes to the translation of Chinese classics,accurate understanding of the original texts constitutes the premise of exercising the faithfulness.Ku Hung-ming's The Discourses and Sayings of Confucius is very popular in western countries.However,according to the generally-accepted translation principle of faithfulness,there are some inaccurate translations or even mistakes in his edition.This paper mainly analyzes the several first chapters of Ku's translation,points out that there are some inaccuracies or mistakes in the translator's understanding of the original texts and sums up the fours types of unfaithfulness in his translation as well.


Aqueous two-phase partitioning is one of the excellent bioseparation systems for proteins and other biomolecules in water-rich solutions containing polymers or salts. To improve the partition properties of model proteins, chicken egg white (CEW) proteins were chemically modified with polyethyleneoxide–maleic anhydride (PEOMA) copolymer. The modified proteins were partitioned in polyethyleneoxide–maleic acid/potassium phosphate aqueous two-phase systems. Firstly, the contribution of the chemical modification of proteins to the partition coefficient was investigated by using modified proteins with different degrees of modification (DM). The partition coefficients of modified proteins increased with increasing DM. The results suggested that the surface of the modified proteins had a greater hydrophobic property, similar to the PEOMA copolymer. Secondly, the effect of the pH on the partitioning of the modified proteins was studied. The partitioning of the modified proteins was found to be more dependent on pH in the alkaline systems. The increasing partition coefficient with pH at alkaline pH can be explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the phosphate anions and the maleic groups attached to the proteins. These results suggested that chemical modification of proteins with PEOMA could be a useful tool for separation and purification of crude protein mixtures. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry


Science in the City by Bryan A Brown provides an intricately developed guide for STEM practitioners who teach urban youth in science spaces. Brown addresses the intricacies of student identity, science discourse, and encouraging science engagement. In our present racial climate, conversations about race have forced their way into the national consciousness through critical events that are, in turn, challenging the ways practitioners engage urban students. Brown's work is a timely contribution to contemporary educational research and the acquisition of science competencies. Throughout his book, he reminds the readers of an essential aspect of teaching science in the city, students. Using a dialogic approach and a cultural pedagogical framework, Brown examines the functionality and significance of culture, language, and creativity to effectively impart science knowledge to urban youth. He asserts that while embedding culturally relevant instruction may be challenging, it is imperative for the scientific development of urban students. Brown expresses teachers' urgent obligation to provide transformative learning experiences while seamlessly illustrating how this can be accomplished using supportive scenarios. While other contemporaries of the STEM genre tend to focus heavily on data and research to attest to the need for engaging curriculum, Brown focuses primarily on activating solutions grounded in experience-based practices. Compared to other researchers that focus on addressing critical race issues in education (Curry, 2008; Emdin, 2016; Love 2019), Brown's insider view of the classroom as a practitioner provides a certain depth that is unparalleled to other STEM literature through intimate introspection of language, culture, and cognition in science. What Brown crafts through this piece of literature is vital to science education because it challenges the notion of teaching science as culturally neutral versus curricula rooted in students' Book Review


The aim of this work was to compare the values of rumen microbial N duodenal flow (MNDF) obtained from duodenal flow measurements using 15 N as microbial marker with those estimated from the uri- nary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) and allantoin. Six ruminal ly and duodenally cannulated sheep were used in a partially replicated Latin Square design. The fou r experimental diets had forage:concentrate ratios of 70:30 (HF) or 30:70 (HC) and either alfalfa hay (A) or grass h ay (G) as forage, and were designated as HFA, HCA, HFG and HCG. Duodenal digesta flows were determi ned by the dual-phase marker technique using Cr-mordanted fibre and Co-EDTA as solid and fluid digest a marker, respectively. The MNDF was esti- mated from duodenal flow of N using as reference liquid- (LAB) and solid-associated (SAB) bacteria iso - lated from the rumen, and indirectly from the urinary excretion of PD and allantoin using response models from the literature. Estimates of MNDF with 15 N-SAB as reference were 8.3, 7.1, 11.1 and 9.8% greater for HFA, HCA, HFG and HCG diets, respectively, than those obtai ned with 15 N-LAB, but both bacterial isolates detected the same significant differences among diets. Compared with 15 N, the urinary excretion of both total PD and allantoin produced lower estimates of MNDF for HFA, HC A and HCG, but values for the HFG diet were similar. Averaged across diets, MNDF values obtained from the urinary excretion of PD and allantoin were 14.9 and 7.9 % lower than those obtained with 15 N and LAB as reference, and 22.3 and 15.9% lower than those obtained with 15 N and SAB as reference. All methods detected the same significant differences among diets, indicating that urinary excretion of PD constitute s a reliable method for estimating MNDF.


Complex studies have led to the development of powerful methods to assess the health of the insulation system, and even the entire transformer, by periodically analyzing samples of the transformer oil. By far the most important of these diagnostic methods is dissolved gas analysis (DGA), which was introduced in the 1960s. Our ability to measure and interpret the dissolved gases has improved tremendously over the last 50 years.


In recent years, people have made much study on the paralinguistic and extralinguistic features in oral communication. While in fact there do exist such features in written text with different representation. The author makes some illustrations and a tentative analysis of them and their translation.


The need for optimal management of potential regional taxes and levies is an important problem in increasing local original revenue (PAD) in Ternate City. The real effect of this problem is the low achievement of Ternate City PAD which is only 68.89% per year in 2021. Specs in this matter focus on the need for more human resources for PAD managers, who have yet to utilize information technology to realize PAD, target setting, unprofessional PAD managers, and weak supervision of Ternate City PAD revenues. This study aims to map the Potential Taxes and Levies of the Ternate City Area from these factual conditions. The approach used in this study is Qualitative with an Integrative paradigm, Descriptive method, and SWOT Analysis. The key informant of this study is an individual who became and has been the manager of regional levies and BUMD in Ternate City. The results showed that the low achievement of the Ternate City PAD target was due to the Ternate City government needing an accountable database of Ternate City PAD potential. This is confirmed by the realization target of Ternate City PAD always experiencing declining changes in the main APBD with the shift in APBD. In addition to the organizational governance responsible for collecting PAD being less professional, the government of BUMD, which is the spearhead in improving PAD, is also unprofessional. This can be seen from the continued deterioration of BUMD's performance in Ternate City.


Religion, also in its educational dimension, is an essential component of contemporary society. The present article Religious Education in Public Secondary Schools: Theory, Methodology and Praxis is an attempt to define religious education in public secondary school context in connection to its theory, methodology and praxis. An overview of the existing theories and methods of religious education is presented in the article on the base of the research works of Jeff Astley, Cok Bakker, Thomas H. Groom, Robert Jackson, Siebren Miedema, Gabriel Moran, John Sealey and others. The final part of the article introduces reader to a variety of praxis of religious education in Europe as described by Jean-Paul Willaime and Vitaliy V. Proshak. Analyzing European praxis in relation to religious education, author concludes that treatment of religious education by state could testify about democracy development of the state itself.In this article author uses the term 'religious education' in its inclusive definition that could be applicable to all confessional/ religious dimensions of education. The focus of the article is not on the religious/ confessional character or differences in education, but on the general theory, methodology and praxis in relation to religion and education in the context of secondary school.


A conventional Counter-Comparator Digital Pulse Width Modulator (DPWM) with a fixed slope is dynamically and linearly shifted upwards or downwards by a value proportional to the error signal. The shift is done through applying a positive or negative offset (shift) value depending on the direction of the transient. This control approach aims to improve the transient response and efficiency of an FPGA-based digitally controlled DC-DC converters in terms of shorter settling time with optimal over-and undershoots. The dynamic Ramp Shift design method presented in this work is a linear DC shift control achieving a better dynamics response through reducing the time required by the compensator to reach back to the steady state during a transient condition. Moreover, it utilizes existing system digital controller, and does not require any additional circuitry. This shifting will only occur during transients for the reason that the error (which basically formulates the shift value) is almost zero during steady state, while during transients; the positive or negative value of the error will shift the ramp downwards or upwards. The proposed digital technique is validated by computer simulation. Experimental result of a prototype on a Xilinix FPGA platform verifies the concept.


Risk assessment is a main pathway for risk evaluation and process safety.Each technique has been developed for a specific range of circumstances.Every technique has the advantages and disadvantages.To differentiate the advantages and disadvantages is useful to systematically use techniques to evaluate the risk.Integration of the techniques by software is helpful to improve the efficiency and reliability.


The pericardial ceUs of insects were first described by Leydig (1866). The fully formed cells are usually binucleate, but some may contain three, four, or six nuclei per cell (Hollande, '16; Metalnikov, '08). According to Hollande ('21), the cells are of mesodermal origin and most numerous in the dorsal sinus surrounding the heart and dorsal vessel, although scattered groups of these cells may be found in other regions of the insect. In some insects the cells are large, few and isolated; in others they are small, numerous and closely packed. 'They often contain vacuoles and granular inclusions which vary in size and number from time to time and may contain yellow, brown, red or green pigment. Since the time of Leydig, the pericardial cells have been interpreted as: (1) site of hematosis (Graber, 1871, 1873), (2 ) nerve cells (Lowne, 1891), ( 3 ) hematopoietic organs (Cuenot, 1891), ( 4 ) supporting cells of the heart (Massonat, '09), ( 5 ) gland cells homologous to peritracheal cells (Verson, ' lo) , and (6) excretory cells (nephrocytes) , "kidneys of accumulation," "acid kidneys," and "storage kidneys" (Kowalevsky, 1886, 1889, 1892; Cuenot, 1896; Metalnikov, '03, '08; Bruntz, '04, '08, '09; Sussloff, '06; Philiptschenko, '07). Support for the nephrocyte theory (Kowalevsky, 1886) was based on studies involving injection or feeding of various dyes such as ammonia carmine, indigo carmine and sodium sulphinodigotate. The cells were referred to as "acid kidneys" because of their reaction to injected litmus and their carmine-storing ability. The view that the pericardial cells are "kidneys of accumulation" (Metalnikov, '08) may be discarded since it has been shown that the contents of the pericardial cells do not increase with age. Indeed, experiments show that the cell has the ability to release a quantity of the inclusion substance (Schwinck, '51, '52). Delage ('02), Hollande ('16, '21), Lesperon ('37), Palm ('52), and Schwinck ('51, '52) have criticized the excretory theory. Their view is that the reaction of dyes and a similarity in the absorption of a certain dye by the pericardial cells are not sufficient evidence for conclusions regarding the normal physiology. Hollande ('16, '21) proposed a biochemically oriented theory for the function of the pericardial cell. His description (my translation) follows :


Abstract Introduction Severe-Acute-Respiratory-Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 is a novel, highly infectious virus that has spread throughout the world causing respiratory disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organisation in March 2020. The UK has been severely affected with around 70000 deaths recorded by December 2020. Surgical practice during this pandemic has changed, as peri-operative infections carry significant mortality and morbidity burden. Method Theatre timing from a large volume hospital specifically for HPB-Transplant dedicated theatres were assessed to evaluate the impact of the national/local COVID-19 protocols on service delivery. "Pre-COVID period" was defined by auditing times from ward-to-theatre, anaesthetic induction-to-start of procedure and end of procedure-to-transfer out of theatre for 2 consecutive weeks in October/November 2019. "COVID period-1" and "COVID period-2" were defined as two consecutive weeks during the UK government-imposed lockdown in April and November 2020, respectively. Results Under the care of the HPB-Transplant team pre-COVID 56 individuals were treated in 30 sessions. Only 16 patients (28.6% of capacity) in 12 sessions were treated in COVID period-1 and 48 patients were treated (85.7% of capacity) in 30 sessions in COVID period-2. Similar times were observed in transferring patients to theatre (p-value=0.265) and induction of anaesthesia (p-value=0.698) across the 3 periods. Significant delays were observed in transferring patients out of theatre during COVID period-1, that returned to near normal timing during COVID period-2 (16.6±12.8 Vs 39.4±10.9 Vs 17.6±10.5 min; p-value = <0.00001). Conclusions Despite returning to near normal theatre timings in COVID period-2, we treat fewer patients, adversely affecting waiting lists.


Here we compare the phylogeographies of the ants Myrmica ruginodis and Myrmica rubra. We test the hypotheses that owing to differences in their cold tolerance and life‐history traits, M. ruginodis has less differentiated populations, a weaker phylogeographical structure and some Pleistocene refugia further north than M. rubra.


The invention provides the technical scheme of a loading conveying line used for a mine laneway. The invention is characterized in that a bucket loading machine used for the mine laneway is connected with a bridge type reversed loading machine, an unloading end of the bridge type reversed loading machine is connected with out-conveying equipment, the bucket loading machine used for the mine laneway is provided with a base assembly provided with a hydraulic pedrail walking mechanism, a chain scrapping plate conveyer driven by hydraulic pressure is arranged on the base assembly, the front end of the base assembly is provided with a portal frame which spans across the conveyer, the upper part of the portal frame is provided with a rotary hinging and connecting seat driven by a rotary oil cylinder, a rotary disc is connected with the rotary hinging and connecting seat, the rotation of the rotary disc is driven by the rotary oil cylinder, a large arm and a large arm oil cylinder are hingedon the rotary disc, a small arm and a small arm oil cylinder are hinged on the large arm, a digging bucket and a digging bucket oil cylinder are hinged on the small arm, a crushing device is also arranged in the small arm, a control table, an operator chair and an output connecting frame are also arranged on the base assembly, and the out-conveying equipment can be a belt conveyer or a shuttle-type mine car or a plurality of groups of mine cars.


Marek and colleagues have written a commentary on our paper (Seibt et al 2023) in which they point out some methodological inconsistencies and flaws. In our response, we first address the objective of our study so that the specific responses to Marek's criticism are placed in the proper context. In Seibt et al (2023) we investigated whether additional respiratory measurement masks used to evaluate protective face masks influence the outcomes. The physiological effect of protective masks was not the target in our study, neither at rest nor during exercise. Subsequently, we address the criticisms of Marek et al point by point. With our study and this detailed response to Marek et al (2023)), we hope to support researchers in choosing the adequate methodological approach for evaluating the effects of protective face masks on human physiology.


The paper mainly discussed the studying and using of the Chinese ornamental Ligularia resources in the past.There were distribution of this plant and the survey of research in the article,among which emphasis was put on Ligularia.At the end,the future prospects were put forward,to propose the strategy of studying and utilizing Ligularia.