Objective To set up micro gelatin particle agglutination test for detection of HIV-1 antibodies in dry blood spots,evaluate its sensitivity and specificity. Methods The 106 whole blood samples was achieved and made of dried blood spots and serum samples. The suitable antigen gelatin granules dilution times was detected,and the micro gelatin particle agglutination test for detection of HIV- 1 antibodies in dry blood spots was compared with the serum HIV-1 antibodies by ELISA. Results The results of micro gelatin particle agglutination test detecting HIV- 1 antibodies in dry blood spots is consistent with the results of ELISA to detect HIV-1 antibodies in serum. Conclusion Micro gelatin particle agglutination test for detection of HIV-1 antibodies in dry blood spots have high reliability,easy operation and low cost,which provide a good laboratory methods for a large-scale HIV epidemiological survey.


Intellectual Property (IP) theft costs semiconductor design companies billions of dollars every year. Unauthorized IP copies start from reverse engineering the given chip. Existing techniques to protect against IP theft aim to hide the IC's functionality, but focus on manipulating the HDL descriptions. We propose TAO as a comprehensive solution based on high-level synthesis to raise the abstraction level and apply algorithmic obfuscation automatically. TAO includes several transformations that make the component hard to reverse engineer during chip fabrication, while a key is later inserted to unlock the functionality. Finally, this is a promising approach to obfuscate large-scale designs despite the hardware overhead needed to implement the obfuscation.


Aims: This study was carried out to evaluate the knowledge and use of disinfection policy in government hospitals in south-east geopolitical zone of Nigeria and to compare the three categories of government hospitals. Study Design: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Intensive Care Units and Special Care baby Units (SCBU), Departments of Pharmacy (Compounding/Storage Unit), Medical Laboratory Services, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, between February and May 2012. Methodology: A structured self administered and pre-tested questionnaires were administered to 200 randomly selected healthcare workers which included 40 Pharmacists, 59 Nurses, 55 Resident/General Practice Medical doctors and 46 Medical laboratory scientists, employed full-time in selected government hospitals in southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Results: The sample size and the response rate were 200 and 100% respectively.


Abstract Twelve 4′-n-alkoxyphenyl biphenyl-4-carboxylates have been prepared and their liquid crystal transition temperatures determined. Members of the homologous series were studied by differential thermal analysis and the enthalpies of fusion of the various transitions were measured. In contrast with the isomeric homologous series, the 4-biphenylyl 4′-n-alkoxybenzoates (previously reported), the 4′-n-alkoxyphenyl biphenyl-4-carboxylates do not have smectic mesophases and, in general, have lower liquid crystal transition temperatures and enthalpies of fusion. An explanation for this behaviour is offered.


BACKGROUND/AIM
IGF-I (insulin growth factor 1) is crucially involved in cellular proliferation. Moreover, deregulation of IGF-I has been shown to be relevant in the carcinogenesis of various tumor entities. However, the impact of IGF-I in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the predictive and prognostic role of circulatory IGF-I in primary EOC patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
In the FP6 European Project "OVCAD", 275 consecutive primary EOC patients were enrolled. Patients were eligible if radical cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy were performed. Plasma IGF-I was detected using ELISA.

RESULTS
Increased plasma IGF-I levels were more frequently found in well-differentiated epithelial ovarian carcinoma (p=0.0047). A weak correlation was observed between IGF-I levels and CA-125 in patients with serous EOC (p=0.04). No association between IGF-I expression and other clinico-pathological parameters was observed.

CONCLUSION
IGF-I is overexpressed in patients with well-differentiated EOC. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of IGF-I in this sub-group of patients.


Mentoring is often considered a gift of time and resources that a mentor gives to a mentee. However, research suggests that mentoring has benefits specifically for the mentor. This study analyzes written reflections of twenty-five mentors who took part in a National Science Foundation-funded program that encouraged middle-school girls to engage in math and science. To implement the program, the service learning course utilized college-age mentors enrolled in a 300-level course about middle-school adolescent development. Qualitative analyses revealed several themes from the mentors' experiences: valuing the setting, awareness of culture, negotiating group dynamics, affirmation of abilities, and career guidance. Implications for future research include intentionally measuring perceived mentor benefits as part of program evaluation.


The adsorption characteristics of calcined layered double hydroxides with a Mg to Al mole ratio of 2 ∶ 1(MgAl–LDO, layered double oxide) were investigated to remove of malachite green(MG). MG initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, initial pH and the reaction temperature were investigated. Hydrotalcite and LDO before and after adsorption were characterized by XRD, IR spectra. The results of adsorption experiments indicate that LDO has a significant ability to removal MG from the solution. The maximum equilibrium capacity Qe and removal rate of MG are 558.55 mg/g and 99% respectively at 25 ℃ when the solution pH was 3.85.


We present in this paper the application of the adjoint technique for solving one–speed X,Y– geometry discrete ordinates (S N) transport problems by using a spectral–nodal method. We describe the spectral Green's function–constant nodal (Adjoint–SGF–CN) scheme and its new features, and compare the involved quantities with those appearing in the SGF–CN method for forward problems. The resulting Adjoint–SGF–CN equations are solved by using the adjoint partial one–node block inversion (NBI) iterative scheme. Numerical results are given to illustrate the method's features and some advantages of using the adjoint technique in source–detector problems.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to develop an extended linear assignment method to solve multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems under the Pythagorean fuzzy environment, where the criteria values take the form of the Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (PFNs) and the information about criteria weights are correlative. In order to obtain the criteria-wise rankings of the linear assignment method, we firstly define a new likelihood for the comparison between PFNs. Then, we introduce the fuzzy measure to determine the weighted-rank frequency matrix of the linear assignment method. Unlike the existing literature of the fuzzy measure, this paper incorporates the partitioned structure of the criteria set into it and proposes a new partitioned fuzzy measure. Further, we design the extended linear assignment method by using the new likelihood of PFNs and partitioned fuzzy measure for Pythagorean fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (PFMCDM). Finally, a practical example is used to illustrate and verify our proposed method.


ABSTRACT Packaging of hepadnavirus pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) into capsids, or encapsidation, requires several viral components. The viral polymerase (P) and the capsid subunit (C) are necessary for pgRNA encapsidation. Previous studies of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) indicated that two cis-acting sequences on pgRNA are required for encapsidation: ε, which is near the 5′ end of pgRNA, and region II, located near the middle of pgRNA. Later studies suggested that the intervening sequence between these two elements may also make a contribution. It has been demonstrated for DHBV that ε interacts with P to facilitate encapsidation, but it is not known how other cis-acting sequences contribute to encapsidation. We analyzed chimeras of DHBV and a related virus, heron hepatitis B virus (HHBV), to gain insight into the interactions between the various viral components during pgRNA encapsidation. We learned that having ε and P derived from the same virus was not sufficient for high levels of encapsidation, implying that other viral interactions contribute to encapsidation. Chimeric analysis showed that a large sequence containing region II may interact with P and/or C for efficient encapsidation. Further analysis demonstrated that possibly an RNA-RNA interaction between the intervening sequence and region II facilitates pgRNA encapsidation. Together, these results identify functional interactions among various viral components that contribute to pgRNA encapsidation.


Radar has the potential to be used for both therapeutic and diagnostic medical applications, such as vital sign detection. To date, the focus of research in radar medical applications has been predominantly in algorithm development. Improved performance may, however, be achieved through the optimal selection of radar system parameters. In this paper, we present the implementation and validation of electromagnetic human body models for the purpose of selecting application-specific parameters, such as frequency. Higher fidelity in the models leads to valuable physical insight into how the absorption and reflectivity of the human body phantom may be effectively used for vital sign detection. Toward this goal, the validation of two high fidelity models against each other is presented as well as a representative example of vital sign detection modeling.


Customer loyalty issues that in the service sector, due to its dominant competitive environment has great importance. This study sought to evaluate the effects of variables that "corporate social responsibility", "quality of service" and "customer's identification" on "customer loyalty". The purpose of the present study is based on descriptive research methods. Data were collected in this study was a questionnaire that 390 questionnaires among customers of different branches In Tehran Pasargad Bank in the period January to March 2016 were distributed and 372 valid questionnaires were collected. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling was performed with SPSS Amos. This research shows that corporate social responsibility, customer satisfaction, customer identification and customer loyalty organization has a significant impact. Thus, banks paid to the issue of social responsibility and community issues they have committed themselves to respect, in terms of customers, banks with higher perceived service quality and customer satisfaction and loyalty have cause to be.


Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by germs Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There are several species Mycobacterium, among others : M. tuberculosis, M. africanum, M.bovis, M. Laprae dsb. Which is also known as acid resistant bacteria (BTA). Mycobacterium group other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can cause distruption of the airways known as MOTT (Mycobacterium Other Than Tuberculosis) which sometime can interfere with the diagnosis of TBC treatment. PKM's aim is to increase peoples's knowledge with information and education to the public as a preventive measure against TBC. Methods of health counseling education about TB prevention through information and education to the public. Target community PKM is people in working area Puskesmas Rejosari Tenayan Raya sub-district, Pekanbaru city. The activity was carried out on 12 December 2019. The results of the PKM activity found that out of 25 people participating in the activity, 80% of the community knew about TBc disease and 70% understood how to prevent and treat TBC. It is recommended the puskesmas rejo sari especially the part promkes to intensify provide education and information related to TB disease and the way prevented TB disease also can be eradikasi.


D. W. Cox (Polytechnic of Central London) addressed the following statement to Mr Rankin (Mott, Hay & Anderson). I would like to question the use of vertical total settlement or vertical differential settlement as a guide to the extent of damage. Most experiments and measurements that indicate quite large vertical movements can be tolerated without serious damage. What is peculiar to tunnelling and subsidence damage is the hogging movement and horizontal strains which occur at various stages. These cause most of the visible damage in an unreinforced structure. The comparison with 'natural' self-weight induced settlement criteria could be seriously misleading unless explained in a qualification to the proposed guide.


Voros coefficients of the confluent hypergeometric differential equations (the Kummer equation or the Whittaker equation) with a large parameter are defined and explicit forms of them are obtained.


Abstract Despite their prevalence in headwater streams, crayfish are largely ignored in most leaf decomposition studies. We conducted a field survey in 30 pools along a headwater stream to document the biomass of various shredder invertebrate species and subsequently compared their leaf processing and particulate organic matter (POM) production rates in a laboratory experiment. The crayfish Paranephrops zealandicus dominated the shredder functional feeding group, comprising 99% on average of the total biomass of shredder invertebrates. This was followed by the stonefly Austroperla cyrene, which made up only 0.62%. A laboratory experiment, using stoneflies and two size classes of crayfish, showed that processing rates of large crayfish (normalised by body weight) were lower than those of small crayfish and stoneflies. However, large crayfish had the greatest impact on leaf decomposition and POM production. It is their large body size and dominance of invertebrate biomass that determines the significance of crayfish as shredders. Given their widespread distribution in New Zealand and elsewhere, crayfish may play key roles as shredders in many headwater streams, especially where shredder insect diversity/abundance is low.


The article is devoted to the functioning of the Russian lexeme зима ( winter) and its Tatar equivalent in poetic works of Russian and Tatar authors. Based upon lexicographical sources, semantics of the lexemes under study is presented and figurative paradigms are identified, in which the words зима / кыш correlate with the left member of the pattern (to which it is compared). A comparison of the quantitative composition of the paradigms resulted in defining the figurative potential of temporal lexemes. The factors that contribute to the originality of their use in Russian and Tatar poetic works are presented.


ABSTRACT This study analyzes the CNN and Fox News coverage of the US Green New Deal (GND) introduced in 2018 by Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC) and Senator Edward J. Markey and discerns how partisan ideologies are shaping media coverage. Our content analysis of 53 news videos identifies themes, actors, and tones that contextualize the landscape of the GND media representation and examines how these elements may indicate presence of political polarization. The greatest indications of polarization were seen in CNN's and Fox News's coverage of sub-themes, actors, and tones. The sub-themes under economics, politics, and climate received the most coverage. On both channels, AOC receives significantly more attention than any other actor. Fox News tends to portray the GND negatively, while CNN's coverage is more positive or neutral. The study highlights the value of studying additional indicators in detail (sub-themes, actors, and tones) to paint a broader picture of political polarization. Political polarization of media content means different audiences are presented with diverging coverage, which can influence their perception and opinions.


The influence of technological parameters of plasma nitriding on the structural-phase state and mechanical properties of H12MF steel has been investigated in this work. The possibility of improving the corrosion resistance of the reported material was demonstrated by changing the content of nitride phases (Fe3N, Fe4N, CrN) in the surface layer, depending on the nitriding mode.


Yield and test weight are attributes of particular economic importance in wheat production systems and are strongly affected by environmental conditions. This study was conducted to determine the effects of sowing date and seeding rate on grain yield and test weight of fifteen bread wheat varieties and five advanced lines from Portuguese Wheat Breeding Program (Plant Breeding Station, Elvas, Portugal) under irrigated Mediterranean systems. Field experiments were conducted at two locations of Southeast Portugal, during 2011/2012 growing season. Two seeding rates were compared (200 and 350 seeds.m?2) in two different sowing dates in each location. Results showed that sowing date and seeding rate affects yield and test weight under irrigation field conditions, for Mediterranean region of Southeast Portugal, but only sowing date had significant effects among the varieties. At Elvas, higher yield was obtained with the 2nd sowing date (21 December) for most of the varieties studied. In opposite, in Beja trials, the highest values for yield were found when varieties were sown earlier (1st sowing date - 26 October). Test weight had a similar performance in the two sites, though top values for this trait were found with the 1st sowing date. Comparing the results obtained in the two studied locations, Beja showed, for the majority of the varieties, 3t/ha higher average yield than El


In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for point cloud de-noising based on the tensor Tucker decomposition. We first represent the local surface patches of a noisy point cloud to be matrices by their distances to a reference point, and stack the similar patch matrices to be a 3rd order tensor. Then we use the Tucker decomposition to compress this patch tensor to be a core tensor of smaller size. We consider this core tensor as the frequency domain and remove the noise by manipulating the hard thresholding. Finally, all the fibers of the denoised patch tensor are placed back, and the average is taken if there are more than one estimators overlapped. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art graph Laplacian regularized (GLR) algorithm when the Gaussian noise is high (σ = 0.1), and the GLR algorithm is better in lower noise cases (σ = 0.04, 0.05, 0.08).


This study examined teacher and student perceptions during the first 2 years of a complete transition from a conventional to a problem‐based learning (PBL) curriculum at Dalhousie University. Teaching staff who had tutored in the two pre‐clinical years (n = 88) completed a questionnaire at the end of the 1993–94 academic year, and student assessments of their tutors were collated for all nine units (n = 597).


MIMO technology is a very important technique used to increase the signal to noise ratio for wireless technologies, especially in mobile WiMAX where there is a non line of site situation and it needs to be adaptable to the change in signal to noise ratio. So, the use of adaptable modulation is a very important concept for WiMAX systems. The purpose of the paper is investigating advantages of using adaptable modulation in WiMAX with MIMO.


Low productivity and nutritive value of cool-season perennial forages, such as tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] during summer necessitates the identification of warm-season forages that improve nutritive value and yield of cool-season-based forage systems. A fast-growing, warm-season tropical legume sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) has the potential to accomplish this. Our objectives were to evaluate herbage accumulation and nutritive value (crude protein [CP], in vitro true digestibility [IVTD], neutral detergent fiber [NDF], acid detergent fiber [ADF], and NDF digestibility [NDFD, 48 h]) of sunn hemp harvested 35, 45, and 55 d after planting (DAP) at 10- and 15-cm heights and to determine regrowth potential when harvested 20 d after each initial harvest over two consecutive years. Sunn hemp herbage accumulation averaged 1.9 and 3.1 Mg ha⁻¹ at 45 and 55 DAP, respectively. Herbage accumulation of initial harvest increased linearly from 35 to 45 to 55 DAP by 119 and 57%, respectively. Herbage accumulation of regrowth after the 35 DAP initial harvest was 262 and 303% greater than the 45 and 55 DAP initial harvests, respectively. Cutting height did not affect (P > 0.05) any variables. The greatest CP (154 g kg⁻¹ dry matter) was observed at 35 DAP and decreased linearly with DAP. Both NDF (P < 0.01) and ADF (P = 0.01) concentrations increased linearly with DAP for both initial and regrowth harvests. The IVTD of initial and regrowth harvests averaged 794 and 624 g kg⁻¹ dry matter, respectively. Forage NDFD for initial and regrowth harvests averaged 487 and 392 g kg⁻¹ NDF, respectively. Nutritive value and herbage accumulation of sunn hemp can be optimized by initially harvesting between 35 and 45 DAP, and leaving at least 10 cm of residue to allow for regrowth.


3D numerical design was carried out for the convertor station and substation of the Ningdong-Shangdong ± 660 kV DC demonstrate transmission project.The paper introduces the 3D numerical design process of the project,summarizes the technical points of 3D numerical design,and analyzes its merits through comparison.The paper can provide some references for the 3D numerical design of transformation projects.


We have all been there. Most of us have taken part in those endless debates about the theory of health education and health promotion; those debates on terminology; and the endless arguments about whether it is possible to change behaviour. Many of the colleagues I had worked with had recognised that beyond those theories of health education and health promotion, were many other disciplines and activities which had no problem at all in motivating, changing and shaping human behaviour. Having increasing contact with politicians and others who had to implement policy in nations or regions it became clear that the theory meant nothing to them; and that even if interested in the subject they needed action and results. A third question was growing in my mind. If health promotion did work . . . wouldn't that produce some pretty big potential changes which may touch the raw nerve of the many and varied vested interest groups . . . what would it be like if that happened and could we learn something from it?


This case study delves into a novel concept termed 'knowledge hiding', which refers to the deliberate act of concealing information within the context of contemporary workplace technology usage. It investigates the obstacles related to the transfer of knowledge among employees, often obstructed by self-interest and time constraints. The narrative centres around an employee named Pradeep Dhev, who heavily relies on a colleague for guidance and assistance in his application process responsibilities. This behaviour adversely impacts organisational operational efficiency. In this account, we explore the potential ramifications of technology knowledge gaps, particularly in the context of a custom application process known as 'PRIAG', exclusively developed for a specific organisation to boost productivity and optimise return on investment. However, the anticipated outcomes have not materialised as expected due to employees' unethical reluctance to share their knowledge, driven by ambitions for advancement within the organisation. This situation creates substantial psychological pressure for mid-career employees like Dhev, who holds a G3 level position, leading to feelings of inferiority, psychological distress and the challenges of unlearning certain behaviours. The concept of knowledge hiding encompasses three interrelated components: 'evasive hiding, rationalised hiding and playing dumb'. This study investigates the predictors of knowledge hiding and contributes to existing literature by emphasising the importance of employee training and development. It also raises awareness about the adverse effects of avoiding knowledge sharing on overall productivity and an employee's mental well-being. To address this issue, the study suggests the application of theories such as the Interdependence Theory (IT) and Social Identity Theory (SIT), which provide valuable insights and strategies to mitigate challenges related to knowledge transfer and technology learning in the workplace. Additionally, organisations can consider maintaining a knowledge transfer database through blockchain or cloud computing to enhance overall performance and productivity.


Various natural disasters occurred frequently in Jianghan Basin during the Song and Yuan period, among which both the droughts and flood disasters had the highest frequency and the biggest influence. Affected by the region's natural environment, river system characteristics, climatic conditions and its social economy, disasters always occurred in summers and concentrated in the center of the basin. Natural disasters brought a lot of influences to the region,not only destroying the agricultural production and the economic life, but changing the environment landscapes and branding the common social customs as special.


The way Mezirow (1991a) links the concept of perspective transformation to the process of adult development illustrates a pervasive tension in his work. On the one hand, Mezirow has been credited with highlighting the social dimension of adult learning and education; on the other hand, his theory has been criticised for lacking a social critique: he theorises the individual side of the individual-social dialectic at the expense of the social side. These criticisms, however flawed, do have some sub-stance when applied to Mezirow's views of how adult development relates to perspective transformation. Specifically, Mezirow does not sufficiently explore the social origins of the life course, which leads him to consider examples of normative psychological development as instances of perspective transformation. Perspective transformation is best conceived as a developmental shift (a new world view) rather than simply developmental progress in a taken-for-granted world.


This paper describes the Material eXchange Format (MXF) currently under development by the Pro-MPEG forum and the AAF (Advanced Authoring Format) Association. An MXF file is a wrapper containing audio-visual material in a playable stream format. Each file contains a comprehensive metadata structure together with component parts that enable MXF files to be written and read directly by AAF-compliant hardware and software tools. The entire coding structure is based on the recently approved SMPTE standards relating to metadata coding using the KLV syntax and standardized metadata dictionary items. At the time this paper was written, the work was progressing to conclusion, but not yet complete. Therefore, some aspects described represent work in progress and may be subject to change in the final specification. This paper will describe the MXF format with particular emphasis on the file data structure and modeling for the metadata.


This paper presents a new methodology to detect faults in synchronous generators. The proposed approach is based on principal component analysis. Principal component analysis is a multivariate statistical technique used for detecting fault transients and characterization of faults. The proposed fault detection scheme is able to distinguish internal and external faults. The proposed scheme will aid in development of an automatic protective relay for the synchronous generators.


Philippine coasts are under stress, and interventions are actively being implemented by government, private and nongovernment organizations (NGOs), academic institutions, and communities to protect and conserve coastal resources for sustained use. Integrated coastal management (ICM) and, more commonly, coastal resource management (CRM) are the thrust of institutions whose concern is to address coastal issues and problems.


Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods were used to investigate malaria in pregnant women residing in Yaounde, Cameroon. Microscopy and species-specific PCR-based diagnosis show that at delivery 82.4% of the women were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (27.5% blood-smear positive and 54.9% submicroscopic infections). The prevalence of P. malariae and P. ovale was 7.6% and 2.5%, respectively, with 9.4% infected with more than one species. Based on genotyping of the merozoite surface protein 1 (msp-1) and msp-2 alleles, the mean number of genetically different P. falciparum parasites in peripheral blood was 3.4 (range = 1-9) and 3.5 (range 1-8) in the placenta. Plasmodium falciparum detected by microscopy and PCR as well as mixed-species infections were significantly higher in women < or = 20 years old and paucigravidae, but maternal anemia was associated only with microscopic detection of parasites. Neither submicroscopic infections nor number of parasite genotypes decreased significantly with age or gravidity. Thus, pregnancy-associated immunity helps reduce malaria to submicroscopic levels, but does not reduce the number of circulating parasite genotypes.


Results are reported for a survey of the velocity structure in the absorption lines of a number of interstellar species for 30 lines of sight. Of six species chosen for presentation, N I and excited C II emphasize the distribution of neutral interstellar gas and circumstellar H II regions; N II, C II, C III, and Si III show, in addition, the velocity distribution of a previously unidentified type of interstellar gas, with an ionization temperature in the range 20,000 to 100,000 K. High-velocity components of this latter type are seen in a number of stars. Strong Si III and C III absorption at LSR velocities as large as -80 to -120 km/s is observed in five Orion stars. Collisional ionization is probably a dominant factor in producing the inferred ionization temperatures, although photoionization may be important in some cases.


Ratios of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes in plants are important indicators of intrinsic water use efficiency and N acquisition strategies. Here, we examined patterns of interand intraspecific variations and phylogenetic signal in foliar δC and δN for 59 alpine tundra plant species, stratifying our sampling across five habitat types. Overall, we found that variation in both δC and δN mirrored well-known patterns of water and nitrogen limitation among habitat types and that there was significant intraspecific trait variation in both δC and δN for some species. Lastly, we only found a strong signal of phylogenetic conservatism in δC in two habitat types and no phylogenetic signal in δN. Our results suggest that although local environmental conditions do play a role in determining variation in δC and δN among habitat types, there is considerable variation within and among species that is only weakly explained by shared ancestry. Taken together, our results suggest that considering local environmental variation, intraspecific trait variation, and shared ancestry can help with interpreting isotope patterns in nature and with predicting which species may be able to respond to rapidly changing environmental conditions. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 25 June 2021 Revised 18 October 2021 Accepted 27 October 2021


The turbulent deposition of fog and cloud water is an important pathway for atmospheric inputs of pollutants to vegetation, especially to forest ecosystems. Based on a study by Trautner [1988], Wrzesinsky and Klemm [2000] estimated that fog deposition contributes 20–50% to total liquid water deposition in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Germany. They point out that these calculations are associated with large uncertainties. One common goal of the two projects "Fog Interception and Nutrient Inputs to Montane-Subalpine Areas in Switzerland" (Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Switzerland) and "Quantification of the Input of Water and Nutrients Into a Forest Ecosystem Through the Deposition of Fog" (Bayreuth Institute for Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, University of Bayreuth, Germany) is the evaluation of a measurement set-up which allows the direct measurement of the liquid water input by fog employing the eddy covariance technique. During summer and autumn 2000 two almost identical set-ups were running simultaneously on a meteorological tower in the Fichtelgebirge mountains. First results of this intercomparison study are presented in this paper.


It is hard to exaggerate the importance of language in law. The legal profession holds itself out to the public as expert in the art of communication through language, and yet, it is well known that there has been an old and continuing problem of using language effectively to communicate the mandates of the legal system. There is little quarrel with the twin propositions : (1) legal drafting is important, and (2) it is badly done now and needs to be improved. (See Appendix A.) The virtue of language normalization and its accompanying servant, the query method, is that they provide the seeds' for evolving both legal education and legal systems in the direction of more orderly expression of legal norms.


Introduction. In a previous paper [3], the concept of archimedean group was generalized so as to obtain a larger class of groups that were referred to as regularly ordered. As it was shown in [3 ], these groups, unlike the archimedean ones, admit a formalization in the lower predicate calculus (LPC) of formal logic; yet they cannot be distinguished from archimedean groups by any properties formalizable in the LPC. Thus they can serve as an LPC-substitute for archimedean groups. This result was, however, based on several theorems stated without proof. It is our aim now to supply the proofs of these theorems. Another objective of this paper consists in giving a unified algebraic approach to regularly ordered groups, as a counterpart to the metamathematical study presented in [3]. Throughout this paper, the term "ordered group" stands for "totally ordered (and, hence, torsion-free) additive abelian group other than {O }." Such a group, A, is said to be discretely or densely ordered according as it does, or does not, contain a smallest positive element (called its unit, i). A subset SCA is called an interval if the relations a 0 (briefly, "n-regular"), if every infinite interval of A contains at least one (and, hence, infinitely many) elements divisible by n. (1) If this holds for every n, we simply say that A is regularly ordered. A is referred to as regularly discrete (regularly dense) if its ordering is both regular and discrete (regular and dense, respectively). From this definition we immediately derive the following corollary, to be used later.


This paper proposes the development of a method for assessing the system reliability of an unmanned control robot system for an excavator. It then shows the results of the reliability qualification test based on the proposed method. The robot system functions to ensure the safety of the workers who control excavators in dangerous working environments, and the system reliability was calculated by integrating the reliabilities of the system components. Thus, test equipment for the three key units of the robot system were constructed and used in accelerated life testing. From the life testing results, guaranteed mean time between failures for the chosen confidence level was estimated, and the reliability qualification testing method of the robot system using small sample sizes was proposed. 이 논문은 년도 대한기계학회 신뢰성부문 춘 § 2014 계학술대회 제주대 발표논문임 (2014. 2. 26.-28., ) Corresponding Author, email@example.com 2015 The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers C


Purpose This study evaluated the relationships of varicocele characteristics and surgical methods with the pain resolution rate post-varicocelectomy. Materials and Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed (MEDLINE) and Embase (1980 to December 2018). The keywords used for the search were "varicocele," "varicocelectomy OR ligation OR repair," and "pain OR painful." Two authors independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles. Studies were evaluated for eligibility, and those that fulfilled all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria were selected for full-text review. Results Fourteen studies were included in the analysis. There were no significant differences in the postoperative pain resolution rate with respect to varicocele grades I, II, and III. The resolution rate was significantly higher for dull pain than for dragging and sharp pain (odds ratio [OR], 5.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–18.41; p=0.003 and OR, 8.72; 95% CI, 2.91–26.08; p=0.0001, respectively). In terms of the surgical approach, subinguinal ligation was significantly more effective in terms of pain resolution than high ligation (OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.54–4.85; p=0.0006). Microsurgical varicocelectomy showed a significantly higher likelihood of pain resolution than laparoscopic varicocelectomy (OR, 7.12; 95% CI, 3.78–13.44; p<0.0001). Conclusions Patients with varicocele complaining of dull pain preoperatively had a higher likelihood of postoperative pain resolution than those complaining of dragging or sharp pain. Furthermore, subinguinal ligation was more effective for pain resolution than high ligation, and microsurgical varicocelectomy showed better surgical outcomes than laparoscopic varicocelectomy.


To understand if a non invasive determination of blood flow to the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle (LDM) could be used as an indirect index of muscle viability, we postoperatively measured the thoracodorsal artery (IDA) blood flow variations during latissimus dorsi stimulation in 4 patients who had a cardiomyoplasty. The TDA was in all cases identified by a characteristic biphasic blood flow pattern. We measured diameter (mm), mean velocity (cm/sec), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) and calculated blood flow (ml/min) during 5 minutes of latissimus dorsi stimulation at 2:1 and 1:1 synchronisation ratio while changing the voltage applied to the muscle so to obtain various strength of contraction. Mean blood flow was 33.75 ml/min in basal condition and increased to 42.83 ml/min during a synchronisation rate of 1:2 at a voltage of 150% of clinical setting. There was a further increase up to 50.99 ml/min for a synchronisation rate of 1:1 while, at the same time, a marked reduction of S/D ratio (from 4.29 to 1.97) was detected. In conclusion blood flow in the TDA appears to be directly related to metabolic needs of the stimulated muscle and this non invasive technique can be useful to follow-up patients and control long term muscle viability.


Diatoms are central to the global carbon cycle. At the heart of diatom carbon fixation is an overlooked organelle called the pyrenoid, where concentrated CO2 is delivered to densely packed Rubisco. Diatom pyrenoids fix approximately one-fifth of global CO2 but virtually nothing is known about this organelle in diatoms. Using large-scale fluorescence protein tagging and affinity purification-mass spectrometry we generate a high-confidence spatially-defined protein-protein interaction network for the diatom pyrenoid. Within our pyrenoid interactome are 10 proteins with no known function. Six form a static shell encapsulating the Rubisco matrix of the pyrenoid, with the shell critical for pyrenoid structural integrity and potentially acting as a CO2 diffusion barrier. Although no conservation at a sequence level, the diatom pyrenoid shares some structural similarities to prokaryotic carboxysomes. Collectively, our results support the convergent evolution of pyrenoids across the two main plastid lineages and uncovers a major structural and functional component of global CO2 fixation.


The parallelizing compilation techniques and associated system architectures developed to date have proven to be very effective in improving the performance of regularly structured programs, such as array-based applications written in Fortran. Now, however, it is the irregularly structured nonnumerical applications written in such languages as C, C++, and Java that pose the greatest challenges to system architects and compiler writers. These types of applications share several characteristics that make them very difficult to parallelize using traditional approaches. For example, many of these programs contain loops that may terminate as a function of run-time conditions, such as do-while loops; they make extensive use of pointers and recursion, which are very difficult to analyze at compile time; and they contain many small basic blocks with complex branching behavior. All of these characteristics make these types of programs very difficult, if not impossible, to parallelize using traditional architectures and compiler techniques. Simultaneously, continual advances in VLSI technology are also influencing the design of parallel systems. Transistor densities have increased to the point where entire systems now can be integraded on a single chip. However, interconnection delays within a chip are beginning to overwhelm device delays in conventional technologies, which is limiting the rate of improvement in system clock speeds. Similar trends are expected for copper-based technologies within the next one to two semiconductor device generations. This combination of greater transistor densities with only limited improvements in processor clock speeds will force future systems to exploit higher degrees of parallelism at all levels of granularity to maintain the expected improvements in overall performance. They also will have to rely more on speculation and prediction. These changes will require even greater compiler and run-time support than is typical in existing systems. The papers in this special issue provide some potential solutions for addressing some of these important issues. The overall focus is on parallelizing general-purpose application programs through improvements to processor and system architectures, compilers, and run-time systems. We were able to accept for publication fewer than half of the papers submitted for consideration in this special issue. Each paper was Article ID jpdc.1999.1550, available online at http: www.idealibrary.com on


Employers are increasingly resorting to the. contractual delegation of certain activities to outside contractors. Legal status of employees who previously performed this work with the employer depends mainly on whether there has been the transfer of the undertaking within the meaning of Directive 2001/23/EC. According to case law of the Court of Justice of the EU, in addition to the performance of the same activities, a condition is also the transfer of essential means of work or transition of employees. Since the transition of employees in this case depends on the agreement between the contracting authority and the provider of services, terms of public procurement are very important in this regard. The article addresses the question of the application or non-application of the institution of the transfer of the undertaking in cases of outsourcing in public sector while paying attention to Slovenian and Croatian legislation and to the Directive.


Prediction of breeding values(BV) is the major component of the evaluation of forest genetics.In this paper,we introduced the main methods and principles predicting the breeding values in forest trees and with special reference to Larix kaempferi,and discussed their applications in the prediction of breeding values and the selection of optimal genotypes.The results indicate that breeding values could be precisely predicted by best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP) or best linear prediction(BLP) based on balanced or quasi-balanced data as well as unrelated and unbalanced data.BLP was a simpler method,while BLUP was most suitable when predicting breeding values for the materials that are related or have different genetic effects.Selection index would be an optimal approach for multi-trait selection.Finally,we discussed the applications and issues of these two methods in the forest genetic evaluation.


Reflective Essay Reflective Essay When I stumbled upon the story of Marguerite Porete, a thirteenth century female mystic who wrote and disseminated her own theological treatise, was accused of heresy, refused to cooperate with Church authorities, and was burned at the stake as a heretic, I knew immediately that I wanted to explore the experiences of Medieval female mystics in the research paper phase of Professor Ken Wolf's " Heresy and Church " history research seminar. While Marguerite Porete's story was compelling on its own, I realized that a comparison between Marguerite Porete and another female mystic of the same era would make for a more nuanced analysis. At the suggestion of Professor Wolf, I began investigating the story of another thirteenth century mystic, Angela of Foligno. Initially, I expected to argue that what turned the Church against Marguerite was her unconventional status as a lay female offering religious commentary; however, the fact that the Orthodoxy embraced Angela—also an outspoken lay female who authored a theological text—suggested that my initial assumption was misguided. Furthermore, Angela's and Marguerite's texts center around remarkably similar theological ideologies. Why, then, did Marguerite meet an untimely demise in the flames of the Inquisition while Angela died a heroine of the faith in the arms of her Franciscan followers? The pursuit of the answer to this question motivated and guided my research and writing. My research process began with a class workshop led by librarian Adam Rosenkranz of the Claremont University Consortium Library. Mr. Rosenkranz introduced us to the CUC Library's Research Guides, which I had not previously explored. The Medieval and Renaissance research guide proved immensely helpful, because it allowed me to limit my searches to journals and periodicals that deal exclusively with Medieval history scholarship. I also benefited from Mr. Rosenkranz's discussion about searching for sources effectively and efficiently using pertinent keywords and filters. Working through the CUC library portal, of course, also conferred the valuable benefit of free access to a tremendous volume of sources. Because the texts that Marguerite and Angela produced are still available today (and have been translated into English), I was able to ground my research in three rich primary sources: Marguerite's A Mirror for Simple Souls, Angela's The Book of the Blessed Angela of Foligno, and a series of Inquisitorial records and fourteenth century chronicles that describe Marguerite's trial, 2 conviction, and death. After searching the Blais library …


The National Museum of Pottery in Valencia has a collection of twelve fragments of coptic textiles. This paperstudies thetextiles with thehelp oftheanalysis ofrawmaterials, textileweaving andC14 datation. The results of theses analysis are related with the textile's function and decorative and symbolic aspects.


Due to the high complexity, large volume, and variability of big data, traditional data detection methods are no longer suitable. Aiming at these characteristics, this paper proposes a preliminary method of APR, which uses ASW and TM to detect change points. This method uses the combination of the TSTKS algorithm and ASW to realize rapid detection of multiple change-points in time series data, extract continuous multi-window fluctuation characteristics, construct a normalized fluctuation vector of time series data, and perform abnormal state detection on large-scale disease signals and analysis. Experimental results such as simulation data and EEG signal analysis show that this APR has the advantages of short specific detection time and higher accuracy rate, and is suitable for the detection and analysis applied to large data.


Modern medical imaging techniques produce huge volume of data from stack of images generated in a single examination. To compress them several volumetric compression techniques have been proposed. Performance of these compression schemes can be improved further by considering the anatomical symmetry present in medical images and incorporating the characteristics of human visual
system. In this paper a volumetric medical image compression algorithm is presented in which perceptual model is integrated with a symmetry based lossless scheme. Symmetry based lossless and perceptually lossless algorithms were evaluated on a set of three dimensional medical images. Experimental results show that symmetry based perceptually lossless coder gives an average of 8.47%
improvement in bit per pixel without any perceivable degradation in visual quality against the lossless scheme.


In recent years, nanotechnology has attracted attention in many fields because it has several up-and-coming novel uses. Many researchers have suggested that chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) and their derivatives are one of the best nanomaterials for delivering antibacterial activity. CS-NPs have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, but they manifest different inhibitory efficacy against gram-negative (G−) and gram-positive (G+) bacterial species. The mechanism of antibacterial action is an intricate process that varies between G− and G+ bacteria as a result of the differences in cell wall and cell membrane chemistry. In previous studies, greater antibacterial activity was more evident against G− bacteria than G+ bacteria, whereas in some studies G+ bacteria were more sensitive. Researchers predicted that the varied responses of bacteria are caused by the mixed hydrophilicity and negative charge distribution on the bacterial surface. Moreover, its activity depends on a number of variables including bacterial target (i.e., G− or G+ bacteria) and bacterial growth, as well as its concentration, pH, zeta-potential, molecular weight, and degree of acetylation. Therefore, this review examines current research on the mechanisms and factors affecting antibacterial activity, and application of CS-NPs specifically against animal and plant pathogenic bacteria.


Over the past five years, we have observed four cases of complete transverse heart block at the Faculty Therapeutic Clinic. One of these cases has already been described by Dr. Rufimsky on the pages of Kazan Medical Journal (1921, No. 2), and two new cases where transverse dissociation of the heart was found in patients in a rare combination with other pathological conditions from this body, we consider it interesting to describe in this article.


Space Systems/Loral (SS/L) was funded in 2006 under DARPA contract HR0011-06-C-0024 to study the transfer of power between spacecraft, permitting the use of a single or perhaps a small number of spacecraft to power all of the units within a cluster of spacecraft which are coordinated to perform a single mission as a fractionated spacecraft. Fractionated spacecraft are currently being studied by DARPA under its F6 program. This paper discusses results of the SS/L study to optimize focusing, storing and converting energy during the power transfer process.


We analyse the stability of a pair of Fabry-Perot lasers coupled by an intensity-dependent loss mechanism. A self-pulsing instability of the steady state solutions is found. We show analytically that equally pumped lasers become unstable for much smaller values of the loss cross-coupling than unequally pumped lasers.


We propose a new pre-trained architecture for economics/finance domain adaptation of language models in this paper. Pre-trained language models have become commonplace in a wide range of language processing applications. Because they learn from generic documents such as Wikipedia, many pre-trained language models are not fully adapted to the domain. As a result, there are two approaches: one is to develop a domain-specific pre-trained language model, and the other is to adapt the model learned on general documents to the domain through further pre-training with domain texts. However, no definitive better method has been discovered, and each project is working on it in different ways. As a result, this study focuses on the Japanese language's economics/financial domains and investigates how pre-trained language models can be better adapted to domain-specific tasks.


In order to examine whether parenteral admi nistration of Chymotrypsin has stimulatory effects on emigration of the tumor cells into the vessels or not, a model experiment was carried out. The tumor cells used was a kind of rat ascites hepa toma, AH66F, with the prominent invasiveness and metastatic property which was inoculated into the mesentery of rats. And frequency in emig ration of the tumor cells into the thoracic duct was checked up by detecting morphologically the tumor cells in the lymph-fluid of the thoracic duct which were obtained by the operative cannu lation 5 days after inoculation of the tumor cells.Under these conditions, the effect of Chymot rypsin examined, and the following results were obtained:1) Massive parenteral administrations of Chy motrypsin were found not to accelerate both emigration of the tumor cells into thoracic duct and its proliferation at the site of the mesentery.2) In this experiment, the frequencies of dete ction of the tumor cells in the lymph-fluid of the thoracic duct were found only to be related with the size of the inoculated mesenterial tumor.These results suggest that, when Chymotrypsin are parenterally used to accelerate expectration of the sputum for the cytodiagnosis, it does not necessitate to be afraid of the stimulatory effects of Chymotrypsin on the metastasis of cancer cells in the clinical cases.


Results of the feasability study concerning the maglev project Munich (main station-airport) are compared with the corresponding values of energy requirement and CO 2 -emission of innovative high speed railway systems. Energy requirement and CO 2 -emission could be reduced down to approximately 40% at the same length of trip (10 minutes) and down to only 17% by increasing the length of trip up to 15 minutes.


Technology plays an increasingly pivotal role in mediating mental health support in people's everyday lives. However, it is not clear how that mediation is occurring, to what end, and what technologies are implicated. In this study, we examine these questions with a mixed-methods analysis of conversations among participants in several Bipolar Disorder (BD) communities on Reddit. Analyzing posts produced over four years, we identify a wide variety of technologies that people employ to manage their mental conditions, such as communication technologies, online communities and tracking tools. Using this taxonomy of technologies as a framework, we then summarize three technology-mediated management strategies that these technologies enable, including serving as community, episode, and information mediators. We argue that with a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of people's in situ technology use, we can identify research and design opportunities for designing human-centered technologies to help people manage mental health challenges more effectively.


Several studies have shown that figural matrices can be solved with one of two strategies: (1) Constructive matching consisting of cognitively generating an idealized response, which is then compared with the options provided by the response format; or (2) Response elimination consisting of comparing the response format with the item stem in order to eliminate incorrect responses. A recent study demonstrated that employing a response format that reduces response elimination strategies results in higher convergent validity concerning general intelligence. In this study, we used the construction task, which works entirely without distractors because the solution has to be generated in a computerized testing environment. Therefore, response elimination is completely prevented. Our results show that the convergent validity of general intelligence and working memory capacity when using a test employing the construction task is substantially higher than when using tests employing distractors that followed construction strategies used in other studies. Theoretical as well as practical implications of this finding are discussed.


Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) prepared by the Turkevich method and near-IR absorbing non-spherical anisotropic nanotriangles (AuNTs) prepared by the thiosulfate method were used for doxorubicin binding. The drug was connected to the polyethyleneglycol modified gold nanoparticle by covalent peptide or pH-active hydrazone linkers. Their optical properties were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy. The shape and size of the nanoparticles were evaluated by SEM and DLS. Fluorescence studies demonstrated different drug release profiles depending on the pH. An MTT assay performed on two cell lines (A549 and HeLa) revealed that gold nanostructures modified with doxorubicin were more toxic than free doxorubicin. Viability tests and confocal microscopy revealed that the bond between the Au carrier and the drug determined the pathway of cell death – apoptotic in the case of peptide bonding and sudden and necrotic when a hydrazone linker was employed.


The purpose of this study was to analyze and assess the Jordan National Test for Controlling the Quality of Science Instruction (NTCQSI) from the perspective provided by Rasch measurement. The test was administered on a stratified random sample that consisted of 41,556 tenth graders from all over Jordan. The test results were saved in a data bank. A random sample of 150 participants' records was selected from this data bank. To address the purpose of this study, a series of analyses were conducted. WINSTEPS and RUMM programs were used for the analysis. The procedures that were used in this paper might be used by worldwide testing agencies to clarify or outline how Rasch measurement may be used to obtain evidence for the validity of inferences of tests data.


The need for sustainable intensification of agricultural production has ushered in a growing awareness of soil health and a requirement to identify with some certainty how changes to land management will affect soil. From an agricultural perspective, the active management of soil health needs to balance the production of a healthy and profitable crop with environmental protection and improvement. However, the extreme spatial and temporal heterogeneity of soils, and the complexity of biological, physical and chemical interactions therein, makes predicting management effects on soil health challenging. Although the general principles underlying effects on soil health are well understood, they still need interpretation in a local context and the inclusion of site-specific details. Approaches from landscape ecology provide a potential framework to integrate consideration of the structural (pools, patterns), dynamic and functional (processes, flows) aspects of the soil system. These approaches allow the crucial transition from a "descriptive and general" understanding toward a "detailed and site-specific" prediction to be made. Using this conceptual framework, we have taken knowledge of the effects of fixed site factors (soil type and climatic zone), cropping systems and farm management practices on a range of soil physical, chemical and biological parameters for UK lowland agricultural systems, and have developed a predictive framework that shows semi-quantitatively the effects of typical management choices on soil health and crop yield. Access the full article Stockdale EA, Griffiths BS, Hargreaves PR, Bhogal A, Crotty FV, Watson CA. Conceptual framework underpinning management of soil health—supporting site-specific delivery of sustainable agro-ecosystems Food and Energy Security 2018 AHDB Stoneleigh Park Kenilworth Warwickshire CV8 2TL T E W © Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board 2018. All rights reserved. 024 7 669 2051 email@example.com ahdb.org.uk @TheAHDB The article was produced with funding support from Natural England (20102011), which allowed the first steps in the development of the descriptive model. Current developments are funded as part of the AHDB/BBRO-funded Soil Biology and Soil Health Research and Knowledge Exchange Partnership (2017-2021).


Toddler age is a period of rapid growth and development. Picky eater occurs a lot at the age of toddlers and twice the risk to have a lower weight than children who are not picky eater. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of picky eater behavior with nutritional status (BB / U) of children age 2-5 years in the working area of Puskesmas Anggut Atas Bengkulu. This research uses analytic observational with cross sectional design. The number of samples of 70 children aged 2-5 years in the Work Area of Puskesmas Anggut Atas Bengkulu. Univariate and bivariate data analysis with chi square statistical test. The result that nutritional status based on BB / U of normal category was 75.7% and picky eater behavior was 58.6% while the statistical test showed probability (p) of 0.981 (p <0.05). There is no correlation between picky eater behavior with nutritional status (BB / U) of children aged 2-5 years in the work area of Puskesmas Anggut Atas Bengkulu. Consultation and counseling  is needed to parents who have children under five, so that voter behavior can be changed.


PBS prescribing for Australian optometrists Since 1 January 2008, therapeutically endorsed Australian optometrists have been permitted to prescribe some topical medications eligible for subsidy under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) following legislation passed by the Federal Parliament. Optometrists who are able to prescribe under state or territory legislation are eligible to apply for approval using forms available on the Medicare Australia website http:// www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/provider/ pbs/supplier/optometrist.shtml. Medicare Australia issues PBS prescriber numbers when an optometrist's application is approved. The final list of medications, released late in 2007, includes a range of topical ocular lubricants, anti-infective preparations, anti-inflammatory agents and an anti-allergy agent. Under the PBS, optometrists' patients will be able to obtain specified medications at a much lower price with a Federal Government subsidy. Any Australian resident holding a Medicare card is eligible for the subsidy. The maximum amount for approved PBS subsidised medicines is $30.70 per item, with pensioners and health care card holders paying a maximum of $4.90 per item. Optometrists' prescriptions will also be covered by the Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, which assists people eligible for subsidy through the Department of Veterans Affairs.


The Cartegena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) under Article 20 requires that countries enter and manage their own data in a Web-based Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) Central portal (http://bch.cbd.int). The Secretariat to the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD) has developed two application tools called BCH AJAX Plug-in and HERMES Content Management System (CMS) to help meet the diverse needs of different countries in fulfillment of their Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) obligations by allowing them to select options that are useful and relevant to their needs and situations. The BCH Ajax Plug-in, a lightweight JavaScript application is a ready-to-use national BCH application while "Hermes" is an online CMS based on the Central Portal of the Biosafety Clearing House (BCH-CP) that includes a very simple and easy to use CMS that allows for the customization and localization of national BCH application. Relative to the two applications, the UNEP-GEF Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) project has packaged the training modules that aim to provide a practical "how-to" guide for countries to assist them in learning, understanding, using, and setting-up a national BCH using either Hermes CMS or BCH Ajax Plug-in. This paper discusses the development and utilization of AJAX and HERMES as tools in developing and maintaining National BCH applications in selected Asia and Latin American countries. It also discusses the selected countries' experience of both AJAX and HERMES towards increased utilization and build-up of country BCH data.


The invention discloses a kind of solid parking shutdown system, it is related to solid parking technical field.Including intelligent parking system and power module, intelligent parking system includes recessing control process module and lifting control process module;Recessing control process module includes range sensor, pressure sensor and control circuit;It is electrically connected between recessing control process module and electromagnetic relay by control circuit;It is electrically connected between range sensor and recessing control process module;Lifting control process module includes infrared receiver, pulse signal control unit and displacement transducer;Lifting control process module and private are connected between taking motor by pulse signal control unit;Connected between infrared signal receiver and infrared projector by infrared signal;Infrared receiver is connected with lifting control process module.The present invention realizes that intelligent three-dimensional stops by sensing device and feedback device, fast and safely.


Homeostatic synaptic plasticity adjusts the strength of synapses to restrain neuronal activity within a physiological range. Postsynaptic GKAP controls the bidirectional synaptic scaling of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) however how chronic activity triggers postsynaptic protein remodeling to downscale synaptic transmission is barely understood. Here we report that the microtubule-dependent kinesin motor KIF21B interacts with GKAP and likewise enters dendritic spines in a myosin Va- and activity-dependent manner. We observed that under conditions of chronic activity KIF21B regulates actin dynamics in spines, triggers spine removal of GluA2-containing AMPA receptors, and mediates homeostatic synaptic downscaling of AMPA receptor-mediated mEPSC amplitudes. Our data highlight a myosin-kinesin interaction that enables the entry of the microtubule-dependent motor KIF21B into actin-rich spine compartments. A slow actin turnover rate might be beneficial for efficient protein removal from excitatory synapses, suggesting a functional role of KIF21B in a GKAP- and AMPA receptor-dependent mechanism, underlying homeostatic downscaling of neuronal firing.


tag=1 data=Why special libraries close: a consultants view. by Meg Paul

tag=2 data=Paul, Meg

tag=3 data=Australian Special Libraries,

tag=4 data=26

tag=5 data=4

tag=6 data=December 1993

tag=7 data=147-155.

tag=8 data=LIBRARIES & MUSEUMS

tag=10 data=Using empirical information gained from her practice and from other library consultants, Meg Paul discusses why so many special libraries have closed or are downsizing. She gives practical ideas and advice on how to reverse this trend

tag=11 data=1994/6/2

tag=12 data=94/0148

tag=13 data=CAB


We read with great interest the work published by Dickstein et al. (1) showing that induced EVI1 expression in a murine model silences miR-124 expression by DNA methylation. The EVI1 gene codes for a transcription factor implicated in the development and progression of high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (2, 3). We quantify the expression of 250 microRNAs (miRNAs; TaqManHuman miRNA assay set) in 15 myeloid cell lines. Statistical analysis comparing cell lines with and without EVI1 protein identified miRNAs differentially expressed (B > 0). Among them, cell lines with EVI1 protein had no expression of hsa-miR-124, whereas most cell lines with no EVI1 had high hsa-miR-124 expression (Table 1). Interestingly, MEG-01 cells, with EVI1 overexpression and no protein, expressed low levels of hsa-miR-124 (Fig. 1 and Table 1). We first considered whether EVI1 was a target of hsa-miR-124. Transiently, transfection of pre–hsa-miR-124 in HEL and KU-812 cell lines, both with EVI1 protein and no hsa-miR-124 expression, showed a dramatic increase of hsa-miR-124; however, no changes in EVI1 expression either at the mRNA or protein level were detected. These results indicate that hsa-miR-124 does not regulate EVI1 expression. The results of Dickstein et al. (1) prompted us to examine whether DNA methylation could be responsible for the low expression of hsa-miR-124 in cell lines with EVI1 protein (1). We analyzed the methylation status of hsa-miR-124-1 by methylation-specific PCR as previously described (4). All of the cell lines analyzed that had low expression of hsa-miR-124 had the promoter methylated: four had EVI1, and three had no protein. Conversely, the two cell lines with high expression of hsa-miR-124 had no methylation and no EVI1 (Table 1). These results strongly support the hypothesis that EVI1 silences hsa-miR-124 expression by DNA methylation (1), although they would also indicate that, in some cases, the expression of hsa-miR-124 might be regulated by other mechanisms. To check the clinical importance of these results, we analyzed 42 AML patients, 19 of which had EVI1 overexpression (Table 1). Consistent with our results in cells lines, expression of EVI1 in patients was associated with decreased expression of hsa-miR-124 (P = 0.036), supporting that EVI1 could play a role in the transcriptional regulation of hsa-miR-124 (Fig. 1). Nevertheless, as in cell lines, some cases with low hsa-miR-124 expression had no EVI1 overexpression.


A theory is proposed for the temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization in amorphous ferromagnets, explicitly considering the effect of large localized fluctuations in exchange integrals due to the motion of some magnetic atoms between neighboring equilibrium positions. These atomic instabilities are related to structural defects characterized by an asymmetric double‐well potential, with a wide distribution of energy barriers. The magnetic effects of the local fluctuations are accounted for by means of a mean field theory. The theoretical induced magnetization vs. temperature curves calculated according to this model are found to be in very good agreement with the experimental data relative to several amorphous alloys (Co0.754P0.246; Gd2Co; Fe75P15C10; Fe44Pd36P20; Gd2Au). It is further shown that extrapolation to low temperatures of the barriers number appropriate to describe the magnetization behavior is in good agreement with the corresponding values obtained from the analysis of low‐temperature thermal and transport properties of amorphous systems, where phonon assisted tunneling through double‐well potential barriers has been invoked.


This paper describes a method for medical images annotation based on the SURF descriptor and the SVM classifier. For the features extraction a Fast-Hessian detector was used. The feature matching was performed with a SVM with a quadratic kernel. The testing of the developed system was performed using a subset of the IRMA radiographic images. The results provided with the SURF descriptor are compared with the ones obtained using the SIFT descriptor with SVM classification. Applying the SURF descriptor resulted in improved classification of lung images with an accuracy over 96%. The research shows that the SURF is a potentially strong tool to be applied in the field of medical image annotation. Together with the SVM classification it may construct an efficient system for automatic medical image retrieval and annotation.


Let $V = $ be a space of quasi-polynomials in $x$ of dimension $N=N_1+...+N_n$. The regularized fundamental differential operator of $V$ is the polynomial differential operator $\sum_{i=0}^N A_{N-i}(x)(x \frac d {dx})^i$ annihilating $V$ and such that its leading coefficient $A_0$ is a monic polynomial of the minimal possible degree. Let $U = $ be a space of quasi-exponentials in $u$ of dimension $M=M_1+...+M_m$. The regularized fundamental difference operator of $U$ is the polynomial difference operator $\sum_{i=0}^M B_{M-i}(u)(\tau_u)^i$ annihilating $U$ and such that its leading coefficient $B_0$ is a monic polynomial of the minimal possible degree. Here $(\tau_uf)(u)=f(u+1)$.
Having a space $V$ of quasi-polynomials with the regularized fundamental differential operator $D$, we construct a space of quasi-exponentials $U = $ whose regularized fundamental difference operator is the difference operator $\sum_{i=0}^N u^i A_{N-i}(\tau_u)$. The space $U$ is constructed from $V$ by a suitable integral transform. Similarly, having $U$ we can recover $V$ by a suitable integral transform. Our integral transforms are analogs of the bispectral involution on the space of rational solutions to the KP hierarchy \cite{W}.
As a corollary of the properties of the integral transforms we obtain a correspondence between solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations of two $(gl_N, gl_M)$ dual quantum integrable models: one is the special trigonometric Gaudin model and the other is the special XXX model.


BACKGROUND There is evidence that endogenous nitrate synthesis is notably increased in patients with infective gastroenteritis. AIMS To determine whether this is due to nitric oxide (NO) production via the l-arginine/NO pathway. METHODS Seven male patients with community acquired bacterial gastroenteritis and 15 healthy male volunteers participated in this study. All patients had stool culture positive infective gastroenteritis. A bolus of 200 mgl-[15N]2-arginine was administered intravenously after an overnight fast. Urine was collected for the next 36 hours. Urinary [15N:14N]nitrate ratio was assessed by dry combustion in an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. RESULTS Mean 36 hour total urinary nitrate excretion in the gastroenteritis group was 5157 (577) μmol compared with 2594 (234) μmol in the control group (p<0.001). Thirty six hour urinary [15N]nitrate excretion was considerably higher in the gastroenteritis group compared with the control group (13782 (1665) versus 1698 (98) ηmol; p<0.001). These values represent 1.129 (0.139)% and 0.138 (0.007)% of [15N]nitrogen administered (p<0.001), respectively. Corrected 36 hour urinary [15N]nitrate excretion for urinary creatinine was also significantly higher in the patient compared with the control group (1934 (221) versus 303 (35) ηmol/mmol; p<0.001). CONCLUSION Results show notably enhanced nitrate synthesis due to increased activity of thel-arginine/NO pathway in patients with infective gastroenteritis.


Dr. Miloje Milojevic (1884-1946) was a central figure in Serbian music criticism and academic essays between the World Wars. A large part of his writings on music were dedicated to the issue of the Serbian ′national music style′, its means of expression, and the question of modernity, i. e. to what extent modernity is desirable in the ′national style′. This paper analyzes some twenty articles - reviews, essays, and writings for special occasions - published by Milojevic between 1912 and 1942 in various Serbian newspapers magazines and collections: Srpski književni glasnik (The Serbian Literary Magazine, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1923, 1924, 1935), Prosvetni glasnik (The Educational Herald, 1914, 1921, 1942), Politika (The Politics, 1921, 1922 1923, 1937, 1938, 1940, 1941), Muzika (The Music, twice in 1928) Spomenica-album Udruženja muzikanata Kraljevine Jugoslavije 1928-1930 (The Commemorative Volume - The Album of the Society of Musicians of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1928-1930, 1930), Smena (The Change, 1938), and Slavenska muzika (The Slavonic Music, 1940). In the course of those thirty years Milojevic passionately believed that the future of Serbian music lies in the ′national style′, i.e. in the artistic transformation of anonymous Serbian folk songs and melodies. In spite of the changes of styles that occurred over the years, he never gave up anticipating the appearance of an ingenious composer who would develop the ′national style′ to its climax and enrich Serbian music with ′national′ symphonies, operas and chamber music. Milojevic was in favour of a ′national style′ mainly on principle. He rarely got into a discussion about the stylistic and technical means he considered most suitable for the ′national style′. In his text Nas muzicko umetnicki program (Our music and artistic programme), published in the Serbian Literary Magazine in 1913, and another article, Za folklornu muziku (In favour of Folk Music), published in the Belgrade daily newspaper Politics in 1921, he recommended that Serbian ′national style′ composers followed the model of some representatives of the European national schools of romanticism impressionism and moderately modern music. In a special kind of manifesto Za ideju umetnosti i umetnickog nacionalizma kod nas (In favour of the idea of art and artistic nationalism in Serbia), published in 1935 in the Serbian Literary Magazine, he gave an indirect answer to the question of which means of musical expression he preferred in the ′national style′. For example, he singled out the composition Sever duva (North Wind) by Kosta P. Manojlovic (1890-1949), from his collection of choral songs Pesme zemlje Skenderbegove (The Songs from the Land of Skenderbeg, 1933), as an outstanding example of what he meant by ′national style′. This Albanian folk music was transformed into a relatively modern, but yet not avant-garde composition. Therein lies the answer as to what kind of ′national style′ Milojevic preferred. An advocate of a moderately modern music language, he wished Serbian art music to use its very rich folk heritage as best as it could. He was well aware that times had changed, and that there was not much inclination towards this style and ideology in the interwar period. However, he never abandoned this idea. Basically, he never accepted more radical, expressionist treatments of folk elements as a solution to the problems of ′national style′. It is also very significant that he never mentioned the name Bela Bartok in his writings, which is something we analyze in this paper. He was never able to give up romanticism, a style that never had time to fully develop in Serbian music. Serbian folk music was a perfect basis for composing in a romantic style. Nevertheless, due to many unfavourable circumstances in Serbian history, the Serbs became part of European music world only at the beginning of the 20th century, when it was too late to develop a modern romantic national style.


This article presents a study that investigates the organizational transformation of regional tourism in Western Australia in order to make it fit for future. In principle, it explores how the past influences adaptation to upcoming challenges in the Asia-Pacific region (and beyond), such as for example reorganizing territorial dimensions in destination management. Specifically, the article considers how an imposed merger of two previously separate tourism regions affects the established communication and collaboration structures among stakeholders. To analyze the inhibiting force of historically grown destination network structures and the potential for changing these networks, the article combines the concepts of path dependence/path creation and stasis-based/change-based momentum with a quantitative social network analysis. The study provides evidence of remarkable persistence of destination networks. However, the study exhibits also path-creating processes: A transformation of destination networks to meet future challenges in tourism seems to depend largely on an effective governance of informal communication.


Northern Ireland has a long history across more than three decades of delivering integrated health and social care services in the community. Despite this, demand on hospital services continues to rise and there is limited evidence that hospital teams are shifting their work into the community for people with long-term conditions and complex care needs. The Western Health and Social Care Trust has developed a forward-thinking corporate strategy that includes the development of primary care based multidisciplinary teams located in GP practices, and focused on a collaboration of doctors, social workers, physical therapists, mental health workers and nurses, working together to better manage in particular people with long-term conditions and co-morbidities. This oral presentation or workshop will provide participants with an overview of the Trust's strategic direction, the co-production approach undertaken to develop this in partnership with key stakeholders, and the health improvement as well as service sustainability outcomes we are measuring. We will present the early indicators of success, which includes, the work of a first contact physiotherapy practitioner, now working in a GP practice and assessing patients with musculo-skeletal conditions who would traditionally have been waiting to see a GP and often then a hospital consultant. The first contact physiotherapy practitioner is assessing, treating and reviewing patients in follow-up as required and achieving a significant reduction in the number of patients required to attend hospital. The presentation will also include a focus on other pathways that are integrating primary, community and hospital pathways and reducing demand on hospital care, including: - A pathfinder initiative to determine future health and social care services across a wide geographical area, using a whole system approach - An acute care at home service in the community - Older people assessment and liaison and frailty assessment and management service - Ambulatory pathways into the community from the hospital emergency department that prevent admission - Reducing the number of admissions to mental health hospital beds - The impact of an integrated community and hospital palliative care service, supported by the development of neighbourhood district nursing. The presentation will demonstrate how the Trust has organised itself to create primary, community and hospital care integration, is utilising continuous improvement methods to deliver measurable changes in practice and coordinating a quadruple aim approach to improve quality, financial sustainability, workforce development and population health improvement.


VR related industries and markets are stabilizing and the contents are improving qualitatively. In the medical field, it has developed into educational and therapeutic methods, especially for treatment, it is used as an auxiliary treatment tool for mental illness and rehabilitation patients. Among them, mental illnesses have various causes due to the development of society. Because the environment or conditions that occur even if the same mental illness are different, we will make VR contents for treatment considering the number of cases. It is intended to provide an environment suitable for patients through exposure therapy, one of the treatment methods. Therefore, this paper implemented webtoon-based VR contents to be used for virtual reality exposure (VRE) among psychotherapy techniques of mentally ill people.The contents implemented focus on scenarios based on Panic disorder which is a problem in modern society.


: Wireless sensor network is used for sensing the information from that area which is out of human range. In the mobile wireless sensor network nodes are available in mobility mode. The sensor nodes sense the information by moving from one destination to second. In the whole processing of sensing and transmitting data energy has been consumed. In the purposed work the energy utilization has been reduced by using clustering approach that increase the network life time. In this work mobile leach approach has been utilized for development of clusters in the network. Cluster head selection has been done on the basis of maximum energy. To recover the data recovery node has been initialized that sense the information at an interval of time so that data can be recovered from recovery node at time of failure of any node. On the basis of different parameters performance has been evaluated.


As a non-timber forest product, bamboo is widely used as a craft material, construction, and food (bamboo shoots). Bamboo as a lignocellulose material can also be used as a raw material in the manufacture of cement boards. This research was conducted to compare the characteristics of the cement board derived from bamboo paring with various treatments. The type of bamboo used is bamboo parring (Gigantochloa atter), while the cement used is Portland Cement Composite (PCC). The cement board was made using conventional and CO2 injection methods with the addition of additives (CaCl2, MgCl2, and Ca(OH)2). The characteristics of the cement board were tested based on JIS A 5417-1992. The results showed that the addition of CaCl2 using the CO2 injection method significantly improved the physical and mechanical properties of the cement board.


A unique course has recently been developed at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology for 12th grade students majoring in physics and electronics. During the course students are required to complete – on a team basis – various engineering tasks. The aims of the course are to increase its graduates' motivation to study science and engineering, to develop their systems thinking skills, and to train them in teamwork. The study described in the paper examined to what degree the course's second goal (developing systems thinking) had been attained. Thirty-two 12th graders participated in the study, which utilized quantitative tools alongside qualitative ones. The students were asked to fill out an anonymous questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the course. The questionnaire was a five-level Likert scale based on the CEST (Capacity for Engineering Systems Thinking) questionnaire. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were held with students at the end of the course. The study indicates an improvement in students' systems thinking skills – characterized by a large effect size.


Radiofrequency plasma jets generated in argon and nitrogen at low and atmospheric pressure have been investigated by means of Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) analysis. The local emissivity of the plasma along axial and radial direction of the plasma expansion has been determined by Abel inversion of the integral emission intensity. The gas temperature has been evaluated by simulating the roto-vibrational structure of the molecular bands.


A spectral sensitivity is estimated of an electron-multiplying CCD (EMCCD) camera which is able to acquire a colour image under low-light-level conditions. The spectral sensitivity estimation of the EMCCD has never been performed for the EMCCD camera characterisation. In this reported work, to estimate spectral sensitivity, various methods are applied to the EMCCD camera, including regularised least-squares regression and regularisation with Fourier smoothing. Reconstructed results for estimated spectral sensitivity demonstrate performances of 0.0379 and 2.5576 in normalised RMSE and CIELAB colour difference, respectively.


On September 15, 2021, professor Alexander V. Kessenikh died. He was known for his works on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and history of science.


The Norman settlement the English revolt the fall of the earls survivors the service of the king holy men and worldly goods remembering the past living in the present.


Background: Heterosexual-identified men, as compared to non-heterosexual-identifiedmen, are less likely to seek out psychotherapy when experiencing psychological distress. Stronger endorsement of traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) has been reported to be associated with reduced psychotherapy use among men. However, the relationship between psychotherapy use, TMI, and sexual identity needs to be explored.Methods: A total of 728 psychologically distressed men (59.9% heterosexual-identified, 40.1% non-heterosexual-identified) from German-speaking parts of Europe completed an online questionnaire asking about current psychotherapy use, endorsement of TMI, experienced gender role conflict, depression symptoms, and externalizing depression symptoms.Results: In total 34.5% (N = 251) of the men were currently using psychotherapy, of which 47.4% (N = 119) identified as heterosexual and 52.6% (N = 132) as non-heterosexual. Heterosexual-identified men used psychotherapy significantly less than gay- and bisexual- identified men, while showing comparable psychological distress. Additionally, heterosexual-identified men exhibited higher endorsement of TMI across all domains and experienced more masculine gender role conflict, especially in the domains Success, Power, Competition and Restrictive Affectionate Behavior Between Men. In heterosexual- but not non-heterosexual-identified men, stronger endorsement of TMI was associated with reduced psychotherapy use.Conclusion: Higher endorsement of TMI is linked to reduced psychotherapy use among psychologically distressed heterosexual-identified men. Thus, challenging TMI and advocating for alternative masculinities that include health promoting behavior can especially help heterosexual-identified men.


Poland's forests are continually under strong anthropogenic pressure. Deforestation together with the harmful effects of air pollution have resulted from growing industrialization and urbanization. These effects have been further exacerbated by considerable negligence in environmental protection in Poland and by the high level of toxic substances transported from neighboring states. This article presents the consequences and spatial differentiation of this forest destruction. The most extreme effects have been observed in the West Sudetes Mountains and Upper Silesia. The situation in these areas is catastrophic. Whole high mountain regions are threatened with total devastation within the near future. . ... .... . : : : i:::: :i : : : : : : : ! : t W 0 : : : f: i E iL E S. ..... ....


Submarine landslides caused by strong ground shaking during the M9.2 1964 Great Alaska earthquake generated a tsunami that destroyed much of the old town of Valdez, Alaska, and was responsible for 32 deaths at that location. We explore structural details of the 1964 landslide deposit, as well as landslide deposits from earlier events, in order to characterize kinematics of the landslide process. We present a new high‐resolution seismic reflection data set that images the 1964 landslide deposit and six pre‐1964 deposits with great detail. These deposits are represented by thick packages (~7–23 m) of debris within >500 m of fjord sedimentation above basement. Internal slide structures are associated with distinctive landslide failure mechanisms, including detailed erosional and depositional features and structures resolved within both landslide blocks and distal debris flow layers. Based on comparisons of deposit volume from subbottom structure and differenced bathymetry, we refine prior interpretations of the source of failed material. New data show evidence for basal erosion and reworking of fjord‐floor sedimentation. Additionally, material comprising the 1964 landslide appears to have been translated and deformed by lateral thrusting, rather than having been sourced entirely from upslope evacuation zones. Taking into account these complexities in depositional patterns, we show variations in slide size through Holocene time and relate the history of landslides to the paleoseismic record. Collectively, these new observations demonstrate that Port Valdez has a repeated history of large submarine landslides, which are likely associated with large megathrust earthquakes.


This paper consists of a dialogue between present-day Kinesiology and a critic, a critic who exhorts Kinesiology to become more of a main player in the solution of society's most pressing problems. The theme of the 1997 NAPEHE national conference was "Organizing to Meet Society's Needs" and, consistent with this theme, the Hanna Lecture was a dialogue between Kinesiology, hereafter noted as K, and the conference theme, hereafter noted as CT.


This research analyzed the structural characteristics of stakeholders' networks which works in the process of bidding and organizing of a convention. Fifteen representative stakeholder groups of Gwangju convention industry were carefully selected and the social network analysis was applied to analyze the networks. Results demonstrated that there were different network structural characteristics in the process of bidding and organizing conventions. Results also showed that a few stakeholders dominated the relationships and had substantial influences over the other stakeholders. However, more complex and diversified relationship patterns were found in the organization phase. Findings from this study coud help stakeholders of the Gwangju convention industry, especially Gwangju Convention & Visitors Bureau, develop a better efficient collaborative relationships in different stages of convention management.


OSPF is the most widely used IGP routing protocol,is widely used in campus networks and large enterprise networks,etc.The application of OSPF protocol is reliable and has broad application prospects.


CD4+ T cells are as immune system destroyed by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and play pivotal role in the spread of viral transmission. The viral transmission in host cells occurred through cell-cell contact and cell-free virus. We develop a mathematical model by incorporating the viral infection through cell-cell, viral degradation, and the effect of antiretroviral treatments. The basic reproduction ratio is predicted by alternative reproduction ratio to investigate the uninfected and infected equilibrium points for the model. Simulation results are conducted to explore the implication of the combination of RTI and PI therapy in various scenarios and the effect of viral clearance. When the host cells is still enough able in responding HIV-1, the viral count can be eliminated up to undetected virus in the body.


Donald Wiebe's response to my article &dquo;The Ironic Cage of Positivism and the Nature of Philosophical Theology&dquo; plainly demonstrates the radical gulf between our respective understandings of the tasks of and relationships between philosophy, theology and religious thought. It is also clear that we differ radically on the consequences and implications of these divergent understandings, which was the burden of my critical analysis of Wiebe's understanding as expressed in his book The Irony of Theology and the Nature of Religious Thought. That I believe we have a good deal to learn


This research was initiated by the lack of characters value in some schools, particularly in vocational skills. Islamic education highlights curriculum content for learning praying did not reach the delivery moral message, teaching materials are very strong prayer dominated jurisprudence, rather than morals, learning praying was only emphasizing on the prayer, while habituation and meaning almost neglected prayers systemically the whole process of learning, and Islamic teachers do not implement Islamic studies which show exemplary moral character. This study aims to find out some strategies for curriculum development of Islamic based studies focussed on character education through studying at SMK 2 Pandeglang. This school is based on education curriculum and syllabus of characters that can be used as teaching materials for teachers in SMK Pandeglang. The researcher used qualitative research through descriptive and explanatory. Descriptive approach seeks to answer the "what" is happening, while the explanatory answer the "Why" and "How", which is focussed on the writing. The techniques of collecting data in this research were to interview, test, and non-test, questionnaires and documentation. She collected data analysis based on three steps, namely (1) data reduction; (2) data display; (3) Withdrawal of conclusion / verification. The result of this research shows that some strategies in curriculum development for Islamic studies at SMK 2 Pandeglang namely: (1) Integrating the value of each character in the learning material, (2) State the value of the character contained in learning materials, (3) Identify the character in the learning material, (4) Give an example of a character value, (5) using the method of demonstration in practice the value of character, (6) Ratings.


http://ccn.aacnjournals.org to continue traveling through the muscle fibers and create a muscle contraction. Once each receptor has been activated, the acetylcholine is released and inactivated by acetylcholinesterase. Nondepolarizing NMBAs also bind temporarily to nicotinic receptors, blocking binding of acetylcholine there. Once 70% of the nicotinic receptors are filled by NMBAs, the receptors can no longer generate a contraction of the muscle fibers. NMBA infusion is often monitored by using peripheral nerve stimulation to determine the percentage of receptors at the neuromuscular junction blocked by NMBAs. In a study by Foster et al, 75% of ICU nurses reported caring for patients who required continuous infusions of NMBAs. Common indications for NMBA infusion include facilitating mechanical ventilation and decreasing intracranial pressure after head injury (Table 1). It has been estimated that up to 10% of patients who receive an NMBA infusion for more than 24 hours may have residual muscle weakness. Vecuronium and pancuronium have active metabolites that build up Lisa Corso, RN, BSN, CCRN


Synthesis process and application of 1-cyclohexenyl acetonitrile were introduced. Its synthesis method from cyclohexanone and cyanoacetic acid was studied. In stead of two-step reaction only one-step reaction was in the process which increased product yield and gave better control on the release of CO2 and eliminate the explosion risk caused by quick release of CO2. The purity of product was 98%.