Introduction: Glutathione (GSH) and GSH-dependent enzymes - glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GSHR) - play a significant role in protecting cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in tumour disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate reduced glutathione level and GSH-dependent enzyme activities in different types of gastrointestinal tract tumours. Material and methods: We investigated GSH level and GSHPx, GST and GSHR activities in cancer and cancer-free adjacent tissues from patients with gastric (n = 15), liver (n = 30) and colorectal cancer (n = 65), and colorectal cancer liver metastases (n = 50). As a marker of oxidative stress the lipid peroxidation level (expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level – TBARS) was determined. Results: Increased level of lipid peroxidation was observed in most of the studied tumours. A significant increase in GSH level was observed exclusively in benign and malignant liver tumours compared to control liver tissue (p ≤ 0.05). Activity of studied GSH-dependent enzymes was unchanged in colorectal cancer. Statistically significant differences of those enzymes' activity in gastric and liver tumours, and colorectal cancer liver metastases compared with control tissues were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Changes of lipid peroxidation and GSH levels, and GSH-dependent enzyme activities, suggest that gastrointestinal tract tumours are under the influence of oxidative stress. These results indicate that the glutathione enzymatic redox system is an important mechanism for protection of cancer cells against increased levels of ROS and may point to its role in facilitating development of gastrointestinal tract tumours.


Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common cause of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients. Using low doses of intravenous contrast, preprocedural hydration, and low- or iso-osmolar contrast agents lowers, but does not eliminate, this risk. Therefore, clinicians must consider the use of renoprotective agents in patients with marked kidney disease who are to receive …


The purpose of this article is to study and compare the creative characteristic of Kimono which utilizees IKAT techniques integrating traditional dyeing and weaving techniques. The study is conducted through research on previous studies, written materials, and information collected from the internet. The results of the research are 1) the history, type and value of creativity in the Kasuri technique has been confirmed once more in traditional Japanese dresses, 2) the outstanding creative value of ethnic clothing have been confirmed through Kimono which utilize the harmony between the dyeing and weaving technique to depict linear and grid patterns, 3) a various array of motifs ranging from animals, plants and geometric design could be created using the warp, weft and integrated techniques in forming the Kasuri pattern, and 4) as the places of origin of the Japanese Kasuri are transmitted towards the Kurume region from Okinawa, it is conjectured that these had strong connections with Korea. Relations with Korea is considered to be highly probable since everyday practical items are still produced in many places, especially the original sites of Kurume.


The invention relates to a compound proplis composition for treating urate deposition syndrome of broiler chicken. The compound proplis composition is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 15-35 parts of propolis, 15-40 parts of rhizoma alismatis, 15-35 parts of myrobalan, 15-45 parts of poria, 15-35 parts of grifola, 15-35 parts of fructus forsythiae, 15-35 parts of akebia stem, 15-40 parts of astragalus, 15-35 parts of seaweed, 15-30 parts of dandelion and 15-35 parts of liquorice. The compound proplis composition has the beneficial effects that the formula is reasonable, preparation is simple, and the pure traditional Chinese medicine composition is pollution-free and obvious in curative effect, does not have toxic or side effect or drug residue and has a special effect of treating the urate deposition syndrome of broiler chicken according to the clinical verification.


Broodstock development of giant grouper was conducted in net cages (5.0x5.0x3.0 m3) at Nu Island, Songkhla. Giant groupers (258.30±111.00 gm and 4,410.00±90.00 gm) were stocked at the density of 3 and 1.5 fish/m2 respectively. Fish were cultured for 4 years and fed with trashfish. The result showed that growth rate of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th years were 500.99–646.00; 456.67–674.50; 650.00–694.16; and 507.50– 588.57 gm/month respectively. The 3rd year of the experiment, sperm milt could be observed when stripped at the abdominal part of male. In the 4th year, eggs and sperm could be observed. The first successful positive spawning response of the giant grouper by HCG and Puberogen injection. The result indicated that giant grouper can be cultured in net cages for broodstock development. Water quality parameters during cultivation period were pH: 7.17-8.43, salinity: 0-34 ppt, alkalinity: 52-220 ppm while nitrate, nitrite, ammonia-N and total P were 0-0.277, 0-0.048, 0-0.0237 and 0.0010.468 ppm respectively. NICA*=National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture, Songkhla 90000, Thailand Introduction Giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus is the largest grouper which can be found in both Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand, particularly in Phuket, Trang, Krabi, Satul, Chantaburi, Trad and Cholburi Provinces (Boonliptanont P., 1997). Small size fish is better taste and very expensive as it is the most favourable fish among Chinese. It can be found in estuaries, mangrove areas and river mouths. There is world wide geographic distribution of this fish such as East Africa, Red Sea, Pakistan, south China, south Japan, Hawaii, Australia and Fitkalin Island (Heemstra and Randall, 1993). There has been giant grouper culture in Thailand but it was not expanded due to limited amount of wild fries. Most of giant grouper production are by product from cage culture of other grouper as it is difficult to identify the species of wild grouper fingerlings. In order to promote new economic fish for marine aquaculture, giant grouper has been selected as a promising species due to its fast growth rate. The cultured giant grouper can reach 1.0 kg within 4 month (Boonliptanont P., 1997). Many shrimp farmers would like to have alternate species due to the decrease in Broodstock development of giant grouper Page 2 of 6 shrimp production mainly caused by environment and pond deterioration. Giant grouper is one of the required species by these farmers as it can yield very good price and high demand in international markets. Therefore the Coastal Aquaculture Division, Department of Fisheries initiated the broodstock development programme for further fingerling production in order to promote giant grouper culture in the future. Materials and methods Giant groupers were collected from commercial net cages in Trang Province (285.30±111.58 gm body weight and 26.12±3.31 cm length in average) and Phang-nga Province (4,410±90.00 gm body weight and 60.35±4.38 cm length).They were separately cultured in net cages (5.0x5.0x3.0 m3) with stocking densities of 3 and 1.5 fish/m2 respectively. Net cages: 5.0x5.0x3.5 m3 cages were built in 20.0x20.0 m2 raft supported by polyfoam blocks. Sizes of polyethylene nets for small and large fish were 1.5 and 3.5 inches respectively. Feeding: Once a day, fish were gradually fed until fish stopped feeding by fresh sardines which were chopped according to the sizes of fish mouths. Data collection: 1. Growth rates were recorded by measuring total length and body weight monthly from sampled 10-20 fish. 2. Gonad developments were studied from sampled fish by measuring body weight, body length and gonad weight. Gonad tissues were preserved in Bouins fixative for further study on gonad development using Yamamoto, 1956 method. 3. Mature eggs were checked by inserting a plastic tube of 2 mm diameter into oviduct and sampling some eggs (generally over 0.42 mm size). Male broodstock were considered matured if they released white milt after gently pressed on their abdomens. Spawning was induced by hormone injection. Broodstock were initially injected by HCG at the rates of 150 and 500 IU/Kg B.W. and followed by Puberogen hormone at the rates of 100, 200 and 300 IU/Kg B.W. respectively. Data analysis: Data were analysed by SPSS programme which was translated into Thai by Ngamsantiwong T., 1995. Results 1. Growth rates, food conversion ratios and survival rates of giant grouper broodstock cultured in net cages at NICA substation, Nu Island were observed. In Figure 1, the Broodstock development of giant grouper Page 3 of 6 average growth rates in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th years were 500.99-646.00; 456.67-674.50; 650.00-694.16 and 507.50-588.57 gm/month respectively. The final weight and length at the end of experiment were averaged as 28.27-28.31 Kg and 109.16 cm respectively. In Table 1, the increases in body weight and length were 15.91-19.46 gm/day and 0.035-0.058 cm/day respectively. Specific growth rate for body weight was 0.15-0.37% per day and for body length was 0.07-0.11% per day. Average food conversion ratio and survival rate were 3.85-4.09:1 and 24-84.44% respectively.


Doravirine is a non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 infection. This phase 1 study in healthy adults investigated the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of long‐acting parenteral (LAP) microsuspension formulations of doravirine administered as an intramuscular (IM) injection.


Hartree–Fock (HF) electronic dipole‐momentum and dipole‐length transition moments, M(R) and M(R), respectively, are presented as a function of the internuclear distance R for the N2+(B 2Σu+ − X 2Σg+) first negative and (A 2Πu − X 2Σg>+) Meinel systems. They are compared with "experimental" M(R) and M(R) curves obtained by using relative band transition probability and upper‐state lifetime measurements recently reported in the literature. Vibrational averages of both the theoretical and "experimental" transition moments are computed and used to calculate some relative band oscillator strengths fυ′υ″ / f00. The HF f00 value of 0.1370 for the first negative system differs from experiment by a factor of 5.6. For the Meinel system the HF f00 value of 1.065 × 10−2 is too large by a factor of 3.3 or 7.3 depending on whether the lifetime data of O'Neil and Davidson or that of Hollstein et al. are used to determine the experimental value. The HF transition‐moment calculations at a single value of R are also repo...


Brunner's gland adenoma is a rare benign tumor that is usually asymptomatic and it the result of a benign proliferation of the Brunner's glands of the duodenum. In symptomatic patients, the common clinical presentation is gastrointestinal bleeding and obstructive symptoms. A 48-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort and vomiting. The endoscopic examination revealed a large pedunculated polypoid mass arising in the bulb and it was prolapsing through the pylorus into the antrum, and this all resulted in a ball-valve obstruction. After endoclips were applied at the peduncle of the mass, this polyp was simply and successfully cut with using an IT-knife without bleeding or perforation. We report here on a case of Brunner's gland adenoma that caused a ball-valve obstruction, and the tumor was removed by a simple and easy method with using endoclips and an IT-knife.


The aim of the writing is to rethink about the historical status of Ouyang Xiu.It is focused on Ouyang Xiu's new personality structure,which not only realizes new social circumstances but also takes the initiative to fit it as well.More importantly,these influences spread to total Shiren class,even working on the cultural transformation of Beisong Dynasty.We couldn't neglect his contribution to Beisong dynasty's cultural transformation.


This research was conducted by first accelerating Tapah fish gonad maturity by providing Vitamin E which is applied through a trash fish food. Efforts gonadal maturation lasted for eight months, from February to September 2014. The purpose of this study is to accelerate the maturity of gonads parent fish and induce spawning them by injecting hormone sGnRH + Domperidone with different doses. Experimental method was used in the study. Fish used in the experiment were  2.5-3.0 kg of body weight with the first initial gonad maturity (or level I). Parent fish reared in a floating cage measuring 4 x 3 x 2.5 m, which is installed in the Kampar River, the village of Pelalawan. The dose of vitamin E 100 mg / kg body weight applied through the feed pellets. A few pellet particles inserted into a capsule, and subsequently inserted in the trash fish gills before it was given to the captive fish. The results showed that an increase in the maturity of the fish eggs, from Maturity Level I (one) into a maturity level III and IV. An  application of sGnRH + Domperidone through an intramuscular injection apparently have not been able to spawn. Water quality record during the study showed a temperature range between 27-33 ° C, with a pH of 5. Key words : Wallago leerii B 1 , Vitamin E 2 , Gonad maturity 3 ,  sGnRH + Domperidone spawning 4 .


Classical result by Ehrlich and Becker states that with two states of the world, market insurance and self-insurance are substitutes. However, it turns out that conclusion does not hold in the model with many states. This paper considers interactions between price of compulsory market insurance and demand for self-insurance. We present sufficient conditions for self-insurance to be complementary or substitute for market insurance. We provide economic interpretation of that result, highlighting the role of an efficiency of self-insurace as a key to understanding the phenomenon.


Private International Law (PIL) "in our era is national law and its sources made up of laws, customs and precedent. At its inception, Private International Law originated as a higher national law with judicial science as its source".i The source of PIL and its alwaysimportant doctrine was established a few centuries earlier than national law as a solution to regulate private legal relationships associated with foreign law. Today, PIL remains one of the more scientifically oriented fields of law. As Russian researcher, L. Luntz once wrote, "references to theoretical writings on private international law are far more prevalent in court decisions than the discussions by courts of any other field of law. In private international law the difficulties in solving a wide range of issues and gaps in legislation of almost every nation is so great that in PIL rather than any other field of law, the study of the work of legal theorists is needed and important not only theoretically but also practically".ii


Risk aversion is an important factor in explaining many everyday decisions. Thus, one asks which determinants can explain different attitudes towards risk. Several studies show different risk attitudes with respect to gender, age, income, and wealth (e.g. [19]). While these findings are hardly controversial, there is still some uncertainty about the effect of culture on risk tolerance. Thus, the main issue of this survey is to elaborate possible differences in risk preferences that are caused by cultural background. The main question in this context is whether religion or nationality are of importance for explaining risk attitudes. For this purpose, this study employs the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) to figure out differences in risk attitudes. Another contribution of this article is that is uses a generalized ordered logit model while others use simple linear regression models or simple logit or probit models which are not efficient. The estimations show that the cultural background does indeed have some impact on risk taking behaviour.


The representation and cohomology theory of Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras is introduced. As an application, we study deformation and extension of Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras. It proved that a 1-parameter infinitesimal deformation of a Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebra $T$ corresponds to a Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebra of deformation type and a (2,3)-cocycle of $T$ with coefficients in the adjoint representation. We also prove that abelian extensions of Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras are classified by the (2,3)-cohomology group.


Portugal is a heterogeneous territory even though it is a small country. Each region has different characteristics, which makes the country as an evident case for the need of an effective cohesion policy leading to a diminishment of regional disparities. In this paper we analyze and assess the methodologies used to build the existing regional input-output (IO) tables for Portugal. The North, Centre and the Algarve IO tables display a similar structure, while the Azores IO table has shown some differences in the structure of its information region, possibly due to their much more specific territorial characteristics. Additionally, the IO table for Beira Interior region has a different structure, which may be explained by the fact that it was published in the early 90s and based on the year 1986.


Symbiosis receptor-like protein kinase(SYMRK) plays a key regulatory role in the symbiosis pathway of plant and microorganism.The full length and 560 bp upstream sequence of symrk gene were cloned from Arachis hypogaea Baisha1016 by genome-walking,respectively.Characters of the Ah-symrk and encoded amino acid residue sequence,including the general physical and chemical properties,transmembrane helices domains,localization sites in cells and senior structure,were predicted and analyzed by the methods of bioinformatics.The result showed that Ah-symrk contained 15 exons and 14 introns,and the cDNA full-length of Ah-symrk was 3 042 bp containing a complete ORF(2 781 bp),which encoded 926 amino acid.The protein kinase was a hydrophobic-acidic protein,which located in cell membrane.Three copies of root-motif-tapox1 related to root-specific expression were contained in upstream regulatory sequence.The result of RT-PCR showed that Ah-symrk was root-specific gene.


The characteristics of Hyeonmoyangcheo-ism (wise mother, good wife) in the 1950s, which were observed through the girls' school curriculums and homekeeping textbooks, were arranged as follows. Firstly, Hyeonmoyangcheo-ism in homekeeping textbooks in the 1950s stressed the modern housewife. The Confucianwomen's virtues, such as submissiveness, faithfulness and samjongjido (obedience to father, husband and son), that were in girls' moral training and home management textbooks during the Japanese imperialism. This was a part of girls' education built on democracy and equality asserted by a new Korea, the 'modern nation'. Secondly, with the increasing demands for women's labor after the Korean War, women's occupations were reinforced and incorporated in homekeeping textbooks in the 1950s. Even though having a job was a secondary task to the role of a homemaker, the details of women's occupation illustrates the characteristics of Hyeonmoyangcheo-ism in this period of time. Thirdly, The resident practice program emphasized the tradition women's behavior along with the modern homemaker, the rational designer of homekeeping. This seems to have been reinforced from the criticism towards women based on Westernization after the Korean War. Key word: 1950년대(1950s), 현모양처(Hyeonmoyangcheo), 근대(modern), 전통(tradition), 가사 교육(homekeeping education), 여학교 교육(girls' school education) 1) 교신저자: Kim eun-kyung, 52 Hyochangwon-gil Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, The Republic of Korea. Tell: 02-710-9367 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. 2) 이 논문은 필자의 박사학위논문인 "1950년대 가족론과 여성"(2007)의 제3장 2절을 수정 . 보완한 것임. 138 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol. 19, No. 4


Abstract : If the number of factors in an experiment is increased, does it necessarily follow that the size of the experiment must increase to achieve a satisfactory analysis? In some common situations the answer is No. The present paper discusses a model suggested by medical diagnostic problems in which the answer is Yes: indeed, the increase in size is exponentially fast. The conclusion is drawn that statisticians should be cautions before embarking on the study of data with large numbers of factors because the data may be inadequate for a sensible analysis. The basic, mathematical tool is the Kullback-Leibler number which measures the discrimination between the possibilities. Calculation of these numbers uses interactions, forming a basis for all the effects that might occur. (Author)


The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate power battery equivalent circuit model parameter estimation method based on a particle swarm algorithm. The method includes the following steps that 1, modeling of a lithium iron phosphate power battery is performed; 2, decoding is performed, a lithium iron phosphate power battery equivalent circuit model parameter estimation problem is converted into an arrangement problem suitable for particle swarm optimization, and particles are represented by P, wherein Pi is (Roi, Cai, Rpi and Cpi) and represents the parameter information of the ith particle; 3, lithium iron phosphate power battery equivalent circuit model parameter estimation is conducted by the utilization of the global mode particle swarm algorithm; 4, a fitness function is min|Ur-Ue|, wherein Ur is a measured value of the terminal voltage of the power battery, and Ue is an estimated value of the terminal voltage of the power battery; 5, circulation stops when optimization circulation of the particle swarm algorithm reaches the maximum set time or |Ur-Ue| is less than or equal to 0.01. According to the method, the particle swarm algorithm is used for performing power battery equivalent circuit model parameter estimation, and experimental verification shows that the method is low in parameter estimation error and improves the accuracy of model parameter estimation.


It is becoming a leading healthcare concern for developed countries in the world to deliver long-term and financially sustainable healthcare services to an expanding aging population, especially in the area of residential aged care. Aged people need more healthcare efforts as they present more cases of chronic illnesses involving higher healthcare costs. Here wireless body sensors and smart phones can be used to monitor the wellbeing of the aged people. It can offer remote monitoring for the elderly anytime anywhere and provide tailored services for each person based on their personal health condition. When detecting an emergency, the smart phone will automatically alert preassigned people who could be the old people's family and friends by sending text message or making a call, and call the ambulance of the emergency centre. The system also features some unique functions that fulfill some basic demands of the elderly, including regular reminder, quick alarm, medical guidance, etc. There is a general consensus that innovations in the area of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are key enabling technologies for reaching this goal. The major enabling technologies for building a pervasive WSN will be explored, including details on sensor design, wireless communication protocols and network topologies. The main advantages of the proposed framework are (1) the ability to detect signals wirelessly within a body sensor network (BSN), (2) Reliable data collection with the help of more than one node in the network, (3) low-power and reliable data transmission through ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 network nodes (4) efficient channel allocation for medical data transmission over wireless networks. Keywords— Wireless Sensor Network(WSN), Body Sensor Network(BSN), IEEE 802.15.4, Radio Frequency Identification


According to din 1045 (1972) a concrete is impervious to water when the depth of penetration of water under pressure is limited, with the provision that the test samples are completely compacted and drying-out of the concrete prior to testing is prevented. The impermeability to water is influenced by (1) the density of the cement stone, (2) the water:cement ratio, (3) the age of the concrete, (4) the time it was vibrated, and (5) the after-treatment. Under (1) the permeability of the cement stone is represented graphically and discussed. With an increase in water:cement ratio it increases and decreases with increasing age and advanced hydration of the cement. Under (2) the tests which the Duesseldorf Institute conducted on 11 cements are discussed. These show the relationship between water penetration depth and water:cement ratio. Under (3) the cement age has an obvious effect on the water penetration depth. In (5) several tables show the influences on the average and greatest water penetration depths of the different deposition methods adopted. These are discussed. The author finally discusses the penetration depth on test samples from structural elements or from cores. /TRRL/


Background: The simulated bacterial infection is a classical experimental model, by the injection of purified gram negative bacteria wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which produces effects similar to real infection, but without presence of the microorganism. The LPS is a stress factor as during the pregnancy and delivery, and pilot experiments have shown that ultra-high dilutions (UHD) may have a beneficial role in reducing the LPS stress. Zincum metallicum (Zm) has a potential to influence several physiological aspects of a living organism. It was chosen by a team of researchers from GIRI, to explore the effect of Zm on various experimental model (Zincum project).
The optical density is a radiographic method for the measurement of the amount of hard bone tissue, and is an accessible, simple and non-invasive method. It is hypothesized that UHD Zm may influence the Zinc metabolism, therefore, bone tissues were collected to evaluate the zinc concentration.


This paper deals with the problem of producing the best bit stream from a number of input bit streams with varying degrees of reliability. The best source selector and smart source selector are recast as detectors, and the maximum likelihood bit detector (MLBD) is derived from basic principles under the assumption that each bit value is accompanied by a quality measure proportional to its probability of error. We show that both the majority voter and the best source selector are special cases of the MLBD and define the conditions under which these special cases occur. We give a mathematical proof that the MLBD is the same as or better than the best source selector.


Simple Summary This study provides initial information on the effect of platelet rich plasma in some of the most important pro-inflammatory cytokines identified in osteoarthritic stifle joint in dogs. The use of platelet rich plasma is getting more popular in the veterinary field but its effect in those cytokines is not known. Abstract Evaluation of effect of Leukoreduced Platelet Rich Plasma (LrPRP) on TNF-α and IL-6 (pro-inflammatory cytokines) in joint fluid in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR). Eight client-owned dogs with CCLR were assigned to treatment (2 mL LrPRP) or control (2 mL saline) injection groups. Day of evaluation (day 0) and day of surgery (day 10–14), joint fluid was collected and joint injected. Joint fluid was also collected on day of suture removal (day 20–28). TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations of joint fluid were measured using a bead-based antibody assay. Concentrations at the later time points were expressed as a ratio to the initial level within each stifle. LrPRP had a mean concentration of platelets 1.7 times higher that of whole blood on day of evaluation and 1.4 times higher on day of the surgery. Leukocytes were reduced by 99.7%. On day of surgery, TNF-α ratios in the joint fluid from dogs injected with LrPRP were significantly different that TNF-α ratios of control group. On the day of suture removal ratios of IL-6 and TNF-α were lower in LrPRP treatment group compared with control group; however, differences were not significant. LrPRP modulate ratios of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in dogs with CCLR.


Missing data are pervasive in large public-use databases. M ultiple imputation (MI) is an effective methodology to handle the problem. Current state -of-the-art procedures of MI often fit fully Bayesian models assuming some joint probabilit y d stribution for the underlying complete data. Though theoretically valid, joint modeling may not accurately capture the important relations between the variables that are outside that theoretical structure. Alternatively, a widely used strategy multiple imputation usin g chained equations (MICE), first specifies a set of univariate conditional models and then ite rat v ly imputes the missing data based on these conditional models. Though practically flexi bl , MICE defines a possibly incompatible Gibbs sampler (PIGS) when there is no joint dis tribution corresponding to the specified conditional distributions. We construct several x mples to reveal some of the undesirable theoretical and algorithmic properties of a PIGS . We then propose a spectrum of imputation strategies, imputation by monotone blocks (IMB ), which combines (1) sequential imputation for monotone missing data, (2) and a fully condit ional strategy like MICE when (1) cannot be applied. The key is to partition an arbitrary mi ssing data pattern into a series of monotone patterns. We further provide some general guide lines for choosing strategies within this spectrum in practice.


Objective:To study the incidence rate and clinical significance of left common iliac vein compression among asymtomatic patients by using CT angiography.Methods: one hundred and thirty cases without signs of lower extremity diseases were evaluated with multi-slice helical abdominal CT angiography.Using multiplanar reformation technique,the anteroposterior diameter and area of bilateral common iliac veins were mesured in orthogonal cross-sectional planes at the point where the right common iliac artery crossed.The data were examined using t test and F test.Results: In the orthogonal cross-sectional planes,the mean compression extent on anteroposterior diameter of left common iliac veins was 33.97 %±2.01 %,on area of left common iliac veins was 9.98 %±1.49 %.The mean compression extent on anteroposterior diameter of left common iliac veins exceeded the extent on area obviously(t=9.586,P=0.000).Statistically,the mean compression extent on area of left common iliac veins was 9.98 %.The extent of greater than 25 % of compression on left common iliac vein was found in 16.92 %(n=22) of the patients,and 3.85 %(n=5) of the patients revealed the extent of compression of greater than 50 %,4 of which were female.Conclusion: Based on the abdominal CT angiography,in asymptomatic individuals there were few patients revealing more than 50 % extent of left common iliac veins.Left common iliac vein compression has no statistically significant age and gender differences.


The invention discloses an online measurement method and device of dimensions of massive agricultural products based on machine vision. The method comprises the following steps: setting a clocked flip-flop camera to acquire images of one-frame massive agricultural products at certain intervals along the conveying direction of the massive agricultural products according to the conveying rate of a conveyor belt; preprocessing the acquired images of the massive agricultural products and separating the massive agricultural products from own backgrounds; extracting the connected regions to obtain the independent massive agricultural product, computing the areas of the massive agricultural products and removing the massive agricultural products with unqualified areas, then computing the minimumrectangle containing the massive agricultural products with qualified areas and computing the degree of fitting of the rectangle; and judging the massive agricultural products with qualified degree of fitting and dimensions but with difference beyond the set threshold to be the massive agricultural products with unqualified dimensions and computing the qualified rate of the massive agricultural products. The method has the advantages of more objective and fair results and no damage to human health and sanitation of the massive agricultural products.


As the number of 3D NAND layers rises, the need to precisely control the lateral shift, called width walk, during the staircase etching process becomes crucial. In this study, we reveal that the width walk of staircase formation is controllable by three specific tuning parameters in the etching recipe. The improved control of the width walk reduces the shift of 4.9 nm per ON layer etching to 0.81nm, and it can be as low as −1.4 nm per ON layer etching when low power is applied. For 51-layer ON etching, the overall width walk of staircase formation only shifts around 7.5nm after optimization in a cost-effective staircase process.


Both the technical boundary conditions and the usual advance rates achieved during hard rock TBM shield drives severely limit the ability of the on‐site‐personnel to document the geological conditions and the system behaviour at appropriate intervals. A systematic and continuous short‐term investigation of the rock mass conditions is performed on the construction lot KAT2 of the Koralm Tunnel (obtained by impact drillings and geophysical methods). The difference in scales and the fact that no continuous inspection of the ground conditions can be performed lead to a gap between the prognosis and the observed behaviour and a direct comparison is seldom possible.


The WELLE research project aims to develop methodological and practical solutions for determining the overall water scarcity footprint of companies. Besides considering direct water consumption at production sites, WELLE's approach also takes account of the local effects of indirect water use in upstream energy and material chains. The method development is performed by i) reviewing and evaluating existing methods for assessing water-related environmental impacts of organizations and ii) combining the existing product-related water footprint approach and the organizational life cycle assessment method. To make the method applicable in practice, guidelines for companies are developed. The applicability is ensured through a water inventory database, developed to satisfy the industry partners' needs for regionalized water consumption data depicting their supply chain. An online tool for calculating a company's water footprint according to the organizational water footprint method developed in the project will be made available. These products are tested in four case studies. Deutsches Kupferinstitut assesses the water footprint of the European copper cathode production; Evonik compares two amino acids production lines for methionine and lysine located in facilities in Belgium and the U.S.; Neoperl analyses the organizational water footprint of the entire company (Neoperl GmbH, Germany); Volkswagen assesses the production facility in Uitenhage, South Africa. Based on assessments of water risks, WELLE will identify local hotspots in global supply chains in which water stewardship measures will be initiated. WELLE: Water footprints in companies: Organizational Water Footprint – Local measures in global value chains WELLE: Organizational water footprint – local measures in global value chains Silvia Forin, Markus Berger, Matthias Finkbeiner, Ladji Tikana, Klaus Ockenfeld, Lisa-Marie Bischer, Michael Binder, Aurélie Wojciechowski, Martin Kirchner, Jutta Gossmann, Michael Söchtig, Christoph Weis, Daniel Thylmann, Benjamin Plaga


Technology Transfer is fundamental and crucial to the drug development process for new drug products. The great decision is based on that factor in which the concept or process is advanced from research and development-oriented scheme to aimed towards the commercialization of the drug. The transfer could also be said to achieve success if the receiving section and the transferee can efficiently use the technology for profit. The achievement relies upon an understanding of the process or the capability to predict exactly the future prospects of a process. The main intention of this review article is to study the Regulatory aspects of technology transfer. This review article is mainly focused on the Consequence of technology transfer, the purpose for technology transfer in industries, barriers concerned with technology transfer, classification regarding technology transfer, facets of technology transfer, and steps among technology transferThis review was carried out by systematic searches of data integrity in relevant ICH, WHO, and US guidelines, published articles, reviews and abstracts in Google scholar, Pubmed, Science direct, Embase, Web of science of articles up to 2020.


In April this year, a three-day conference 'European Court Culture and Greenwich Palace, 1500–1750' was held at the National Maritime Museum and the Queen's House in Greenwich. Organised by Janet D...


In the paper the results of studying anthropogenous changes of landscapes of the southeast of Belarus in the last third of the 20th century are considered. For estimation of anthropogenous changes in landscapes known geoecological indexes were used. The differentiation of the volume of anthropogenous changes is observed depending on the kind of a landscape. Connections between parameters of vegetation succession and parameters of transformation of landscapes where this succession occured are revealed.


The definition of infringement is fairly ambiguous in patent law, which presents courts with the unique and difficult problem of determining infringement liability when multiple actors work together to infringe a method patent. Under current statutory guidelines, method patent infringement requires all steps of a patented process to be completed by a single entity, however when multiple parties work together without a contractual relationship, but complete all the patented steps, they may escape liability which results in the violation of the patent holders' rights. Congress was granted the Constitutional right to promote the arts and sciences, therefore it is their job to ensure that the patent system works efficiently and provides clear guidance to the courts. When drafting the statutes that govern patent law, it was Congress' intention to protect the rights of inventors, not potential infringers. By allowing evasion of infringement liability to occur, patentees lose their coveted rights which stifles innovation and places a strain on the market system. This article provides the missing solution to multiple actor infringement liability evasion in the scholarly literature by proposing that Congress should create separate infringement subcategories to hold multiple actor infringers liable when all steps of the patented method are completed, regardless of whether the parties are considered a single entity. The statutory amendments would first clearly define infringement, and subsequently create distinct categories under both direct and indirect infringement statutes. Determination of infringement liability would then be based on the relationships between the parties who are involved in the infringement. By Congress revising the statute, courts will have more guidance which would limit the uncertainty of their current decisions, thus providing more reliable outcomes.


Handguns are increasingly being recognised as a vital piece of equipment for the protection of deployed soldiers. With the correct holster, a handgun can be brought into action faster than the F88 and M4 rifles can be reloaded. Handguns thus play a critical back-up role in the event of catastrophic failure of the primary weapon. Indeed, in some circumstances, it makes sense for the handgun to supersede the rifle as the primary weapon. This article provides a detailed analysis of the current handgun, the Browning Hi-Power, and assesses whether it meets the force protection needs of the Australian Army in the current and emerging combat environment. This analysis extends to a comparison with competing designs that feature higher capacity magazines, polymer frames, striker-fired actions and under‑barrel accessory rails. The final section discusses the results of an empirical study, which rates the performance of the Browning against more modern handguns. The results are compelling and signal that replacing the Browning is an operational and ethical imperative.


Objective To study the effect of heat shock response(HSR) on the TNF-α secretion in endothelial cells induced by HMGB1.Methods The human umbilical vascular endothelial cells strain EVC-304 after heat shock and without heat shock treatment were cultured in the presence with HMG1 at 0 ug/ml,0.1 ug/ml,1.0 ug/ml,10 ug/ml,20 ug/ml,and 50 ug/ml respectively for 10 hours.The apoptiosis rate of EVC-304 cells was assessed by flow cytometry and the TNF-α release in EVC-304 cells was assessed by ELISA.Results Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells significantly released TNF-α and caused a dose-dependent increase of TNF-α after HMGB1 treatment within the range of 0.1 ug/ml to 50 ug/ml.50 ug/ml HMG1 treatment increased the apoptosis rate of EVC-304.HSR pretreatment inhibited the TNF-α secretion and decreased the apoptosis rate of EVC-304.Conclusion These results suggest that HSR obviously inhibits apoptosis and TNF-α secretion from EVC-304 cells.


This paper deals with a new method for solving the hybrid job-shop problem. It represents an alternative for the use of scheduling rules. This approach is based on an iterative procedure which considers jobs one after the other and constructs successive partial schedules. At each iteration, a new job is selected and its operations are inserted in the partial schedule. The insertion is based on time intervals. Numerical results are given and compare insertion method and priority rule procedures.


Ultrasonic relative pressure imaging (RPI) visualizing pressure distribution on the basis of vector flow mapping (VFM) was developed by applying the momentum equations of fluid motion (Navier–Stokes equations; NSE) for the two-dimensional (2D)-VFM velocity fields. Numerical investigations using three-dimensional (3D) jets with a size similar to the left ventricle (LV) quantified degradations caused by the flow three-dimensionality of convection in the range of 0.1 mmHg. Experimental validation using an LV phantom quantitatively compared two-point intraventricular pressure differences (IVPDs) obtained by RPI, two pressure sensors (grand truth), and color M-mode (CMM) with a high frame rate of 167 Hz in diastole where a transient term is dominant. All measurements of IVPDs in diastole were in good agreement, although the peak value of IVPD by RPI was underestimated by about 35%, mainly because of its insufficient frame rate of 35 Hz. A dependence of the frame rate on IVPD was examined by down-sampled CMM. Although IVPD based on down-sampled CMM at 27 Hz similar to that of the current RPI frame rate showed that the accuracy was underestimated by 30%, a higher data rate of more than 60 Hz, which could be realized in the near future, provided reasonable accuracy with less than 10% error.


A markup term is introduced to represent imperfect competition in Gylfason and Lindbeck's model of the interaction of monetary policy and wages. The simultaneous persistence of unemployment and inflation remains and these problems are aggravated with imperfect competition. However, the markup term represents an additional instrument in the hands of the government and the union.


Recently, interest in deep learning is increasing around the world, and this technology can be applied in various fields including construction and civil engineering. In this study, a deep learning neural network model was applied to image processing required to develop automated intelligent excavators. In particular, this study conducted various experiments using video data with a lot of noise collected from real world construction sites. The major research methods and analysis include ROI (Region of Interest) extraction, input-output vector decision, prediction rule application, and experiments with a deep neural network. The results from the experiment suggest an optimal deep learning network configuration and a variety of methods to improve the recognition rate for automated intelligent excavator development. More importantly, the experimental results suggest efficient input vectors, such as flip down and flip left to right images, and a decision rule to improve recognition rates.


Recent upsurge in data intensive applications over wireless communication networks is stimulating rapid expansion of such networks and thus presenting new research challenges pertaining to their efficient deployment. In the present communication networks, the increased traffic load entails network operators to expand their networks by the deployment of a large number of base stations (BSs) and access points (APs). Studies have reported that a major portion of energy consumption occurs at the access network entities. This means that the massive data traffic is being served at the expense of increased carbon footprint and huge energy consumption. Therefore, energy saving has emerged as one of the major aspects in such data intensive and high traffic communication networks. Considering this, the energy efficient operation of BSs and APs has become a major research problem and it is well taken up in this thesis for the case of wireless networks. In this work, the research aim of energy saving has been considered for both, cellular BSs and Wi-Fi APs to cover the major part of the wireless communication networks. An actor-critic (AC) reinforcement learning (RL) framework is used to enable traffic based ON/OFF switching of BSs and APs. Furthermore, previously estimated traffic statistics is exploited through the process of transfer learning for further improvement in energy savings and speeding up the learning process. Herein, this novel approach is used for three cases: realization of a transfer learning framework for Wi-Fi networks, implementation of a three state RL based BS switching scheme for existing cellular networks and application of RL in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) consisting of macro and femto BSs. The use of practical scenario and real time data collected from institute's Wi-Fi network to validate the adopted scheme is an important feature of this study. The superiority of the proposed framework is depicted through simulations and relevant mathematical analysis.


China's recent deepening relations with Central Asia aim to ensure regional security, satisfy its rising energy demand and generate economic gains for China's western regions. Bilateral relations will likely intensify, as China's energy demand continues to rise; serious constraints however remain, including possible protectionist sentiments in Central Asia due to rising trade imbalances, growing competition for influence among big powers and the relatively poor infrastructure in the region.


ABSTRACT A chance find of a dead mole cricket is proved to be a new species, Gryllotalpa choui, sp. nov., from Yunnan, China. This species, described in the present paper, can be distinguished from all other mole crickets mainly by short abdomen (pronotum longer than half length of abdomen), tegmen nearly round when flattened, large proportional size proportion of the harp, c1 and c2, very short apical field as well as longitudinal veins in this field, vestigial hind wings and a foot-shaped ectophallus.


This work examined the removal of Pb(II) using a chitosan derivative (SB, synthesized from benzaldehyde) assisted by a magnetic field. The adsorption capacity for Pb(II) was investigated. It was found that 1) the pH and concentration of the ion solution, as well as exposure time and strength of magnetic field, affected the degree of adsorption; and 2) studies of the adsorption isotherms and kinetics of ions onto SB revealed that SB showed enhanced adsorption capacity towards Pb(II) ions in a magnetic field compared with magnetically untreated samples. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were applied to describe the experimental adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity of SB for Pb(II) was 2.5040 mg/g, when assisted by a magnetic field of 480 kA/m.


The paper is devoted to comparing the characteristics of SF6 and alternative environmentally friendly mixtures as insulating and arc extinguishing media in high-voltage circuit breakers. It is considered several mixtures based on CO2, N2, air and SF6 as well as their main electrical parameters. A comparative analysis of the dielectric and arc-extinguishing properties of proposed alternative gases is carried out according to the main physical characteristics - the most promising mixture C4F7N/CO2 (Novec 4710) is chosen. An analytical calculation of insulation gaps and gas-dynamic characteristics for SF6 and the alternative chosen is performed. A numerical calculation of the electric fields - "electrostatics" study in COMSOI Multiphysics software for the 110 kV live-tank circuit breaker with SF6 insulation media and the one under study is carried out. It is shown that the proposed alternative based on C4F7N/CO2 is no worse than SF6 as not only an insulating media but also an arc extinguishing one with the minimal global warming potential.


We determine nitrogen abundances from co-added IUE high-dispersion SWP spectrograms of four HgMn stars and five normal or superficially normal main-sequence B and A stars. We find N deficiencies in the HgMn stars greater than previously reported (depletion factors of 135-400 relative to the Sun). N abundance discrepancies from UV and IR studies of normal stars are discussed in light of possible non-LTE effects. Our data set for our sample of HgMn stars (observed with a consistent strategy to maximize the benefits of co-additions) is an improvement over the single or few images previously used to derive N abundances for most of these stars.


Title: Value Creation in M&As in Sweden - Is the Stock Market able to Predict Customer Reactions?
Seminar date: 2011-05-31
Course: BUSM36, Degree Project Master level in Corporate and Financial Management, Business Administration Master level, 15 University Credit Points (15 ECTS)
Authors: Besnike Bahtiri and Ammeli Stigborn
Advisor: Rikard Larsson
Five key words: M&As, Sweden, customer reactions, post-acquisition share price, event study. Purpose: This study evaluates whether the stock market is able to predict the post-acquisition reactions of the business market (customers).
Methodology: Quantitative method combined with an event study, using multiple regression analysis.
Theoretical Perspectives: Our hypotheses are mainly based on theory regarding stock market and business market reactions following M&As. Moreover, we cover combination potential, cross-border M&As, relative size and acquisition experience. Lastly, we theorize the connection between stock market reactions versus business market reactions to every explanatory variable.
Empirical foundation: 176 MA however, we recognize some relationships and trends regarding share price changes versus combination potential and M&A experience. Moreover, we also illustrate that there seems to be a trend between customer reactions and combination potential, cross-border M&As versus M&A experience.


The contemporary urban functioning of cities requires adaptability and progressive development guided by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that can be adjusted to local circumstances and needs. Currently, the small border towns in the Republic of North Macedonia (RNM) are facing numerous problems on social, economic and ecological levels (e.g., economic inequality, the unemployment and social isolation of citizens, the insufficient implementation of planning documents, the inadequate physical and functional structure of public spaces, the lack of environmental plans, improper waste management, etc.), which have influenced the efficiency and sustainability of their systems. Therefore, urban transformations are necessary due to the alarming reduction in the working-age population and the general stagnation which these towns experience. The aim of this article is to define possible solutions and recommendations for the ongoing urban challenges and transformations based on the performed analysis of the primary data sources, especially targeting the psychological and behavioral levels of identified problems, the culture of living and the management policies of local governments. The main research method used in the study was the AQAL method (all quadrants, all levels), which provided a comprehensive perspective of the current urban problems and conditions combined with a comparative analysis within an integrated framework. The application of these methods enabled the identification of the specific problems in the border towns, as well as the means and capacities for solving them, while simultaneously addressing the shortcomings and opportunities for urban renewal. By understanding the different viewpoints provided by the AQAL method, local governments, planners and policymakers can create adaptable urban models that can accommodate and overcome future changes and obstacles generated by contextual limitations. The obtained research results represent a starting point for the development and improvement of local sustainability through the advancement of economic innovations, environmental practices and social relations. Furthermore, specific recommendations are provided, directly and indirectly targeting the specificities of the selected towns, their urban development and management, as well as their future environmental and social sustainability.


ABSTRACT‐ We have carried out a longitudinal study of interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) using a whole‐blood mitogen stimulation assay in 20 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in a healthy control group. We set up individual profiles and the results were quite constant for each individual, both in healthy donors and in the patients in remission. Before exacerbations, however, we found an increase of IFN‐γ and TNF production preceding clinical symptoms by a maximum of 2 weeks. In benign cases, the increase disappeared rapidly, even before the appearance of symptoms, whereas we found sequelae whenever the increase persisted during weeks. In chronic progressive patients, we frequently found intervening increases. It may be that IFN‐γ and TNF trigger off exacerbations at a very early stage and that these cytokines may also play a role in maintaining disease in chronic progressive and invalidating forms.


Objective:To explore the influence of movement treatment on the b1ood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin,blood pressure and blood lipid in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes. Methods:43 type Ⅱ diabetes patients were divided into 2 groups.The observation group adopted individual movement regimen according to their disease status and the implements were monitored,checked, and evaluated by the primary nurse and the regimen was revised timely in and out of hospital.The control group were not given systematic and special intervention.We tested the values of the blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood pressure and blood lipid after 1 month,3 months,and 6 months.Results:After 1 month,the values of the variables had no signincant differences between the 2 groups(p0.05),but they had significant difference 3 months(p0.05) and 6 months (p0.01)later.Conclusion:Long-term individual movement treatment can effectively reduce the value levels of the blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood pressure and blood lipid in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes,so that it can decrease the incidences of compliance of the cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease.


†Dept. of Marine Science and Production, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-701, Korea* Dept. of Ship & Ocean System, Inha Technical College, Incheon 402-752, Korea** Marine Simulation Center, Korea Maritime University, Busan 606-791, KoreaAbstract : Since most merchant vessels are mainly influenced by the added resistance in an actual sea, they could be navigated more efficiently if this added resistance could be precisely predicted and then effectively reduced. In this paper, we have computed the effective horsepower based on the resistance performance in still water and then calculated the added resistance in regular wave in order to estimate a ship's propulsion performance on a voyage. Firstly, we have performed experiments using a model of KCS in a circulating water channel to estimate the flow characteristics around a container ship and the ship's resistance in still water. Then we have calculated the motion response function in regular wave as well as the values for the increase in resistance, and evaluated the ship's motion performance in waves according to the calculated response function. It was found that the resistance in waves increased because the ship's motion response value became larger as the ship's speed increased in the case of head sea. The effect of the added resistance could be reduced by maneuvering the ship to the encounter angle of 120° in areas of long wavelengths and to head sea in areas of short wavelengths. Key words :added resistance, still water, regular wave, motion response function, encounter angle, KCS †Corresponding author, email@example.com 063)469-1814 * firstname.lastname@example.com 032)870-2176** firstname.lastname@example.com 051)410-4765


Any research and statement on new poetry history is connected with the naming of new poetry history,while the concept for new poetry history(especially the naming of new poetry phenomenon since 1949)is embarrassingly disordered.Due to the"various"naming phenomena since the mid and late 1980s,the naming of new poetry history is increasingly taking on the"criticism"nature.


Chapter 5 reviews education and technology gaps in Peru. Although goals were reached in primary enrollment, cross-country evidence shows that the quality of education was poor. As is well known, Latin American nations do not expend in education or technological innovation as much as other middle-income or resource-rich national economies—and Peru does not appear high within the Latin American set. On top of that, structural inequality in Latin America means that access to tertiary and overall high-quality education is highly restricted to non-indigenous, non-Afro-descendant, white, and creole groups. A discussion of intergroup and gender inequalities in education would have been much welcomed.


Abstract Three new vagrant species of eriophyoid mites living on the lower leaf surface of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown (Verbenaceae) in the Northeast and Center West Brazil, are described and illustrated. They are: Paraphytoptus serenus sp. nov. and Tegoprionus alobus sp. nov. (both from family Eriophyidae) and Rhynacus lippius sp. nov. (Diptilomiopidae). Detailed anatomy of internal genitalia of the representatives of the three eriophyoid genera (Rhynacus, Paraphytoptus and Tegoprionus) was studied and described for the first time. A new, previously neglected genital structure of eriophyoids, the thorn-like spermathecal process, has been discovered with the aid of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Preliminary analysis indicates that this structure is common for many eriophyid and diptilomiopid species, however it is absent in phytoptid mites. The hypothesis that presence/absence of this process separate contemporary families of Eriophyoidea (Phytoptidae and Eriophyidae+Diptilomiopidae) needs further testing.


Objective To investigate morphologic and ultrastructure changes in ovaries of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model rats treated with ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets. Methods Female rat models of PCOS were established with letrozole and randomly divided into three groups (control group, PCOS model group, ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets treated group). The serum levels of sex hormone were examined by radioimmunoassay. The pathohistologic changes in rat ovarian structure were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining in three groups, The ultrastructure of the rat ovary in the three groups was studied by transmission electron microscope. Results ①The serum luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in letrozole experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P0.01). The serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P0.01). Compared with PCOS model group,the serum levels of LH, FSH, T in the ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets treated rats were lower and the levels of E2, P were higher after drug intervention (P0.05). ②The ovarian tissue of the PCOS model rats showed multiple cysts and no mature follicles and luteinizing under optical microscope. In the control group, ovarian tissue can be seen at different development stages of follicle and corpus luteum formation. Ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets treated group showed improved mature follicle and corpus luteum formation under optical microscope. ③Compared with the normal control group, the morphological characteristics of apoptosis in granulosa cells and theca cells are more visible with the significantly increased lipid droplets under transmission electronic microscope in the PCOS model group in rats. In the ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets treated group, microscopic ultrastructure characteristic of ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis was significantly improved. Conclusion ①The rat model induced with letrozole is one of suitable models for PCOS study. ②The ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets may improve the ovarian morphology of PCOS and restore ovulation in rat models.


Walter Dubislav (1895–1937) was a leading member of the Berlin Group for scientific philosophy. This "sister group" of the more famous Vienna Circle emerged around Hans Reichenbach's seminars at the University of Berlin in 1927 and 1928. Dubislav was to collaborate with Reichenbach, an association that eventuated in their conjointly conducting university colloquia. Dubislav produced original work in philosophy of mathematics, logic, and science, consequently following David Hilbert's axiomatic method. This brought him to defend formalism in these disciplines as well as to explore the problems of substantiating (Begründung) human knowledge. Dubislav also developed elements of general philosophy of science. Sadly, the political changes in Germany in 1933 proved ruinous to Dubislav. He published scarcely anything after Hitler came to power and in 1937 committed suicide under tragic circumstances. The intent here is to pass in review Dubislav's philosophy of logic, mathematics, and science and so to shed light on some seminal yet hitherto largely neglected currents in the history of philosophy of science.


In this paper, an evolutionary general regression neural network is developed based on limited incremental evolution and distance-based pruning to online model dynamic systems. Also, a variance-based method is suggested to adapt the smoothing parameter in GRNN for online applications. The proposed model is compared with different types of dynamic neural networks. A nonlinear benchmarking dynamic discrete system with white Gaussian noise is used in the comparison. The results are compared in terms of the prediction error and the time required for adaption and the comparison results show that the proposed model is more accurate and quicker than any another counterpart.


The effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on intact root respiration of an Al-sensitive (Scout-66) and an Al-tolerant (Atlas-66) cultivar of Triticum aestivum were investigated. Exposure to a wide range of Al concentrations (0–900 μmol) for 4 days stimulated respiration along the energy-conserving cytochrome pathway in both cultivars and increased the ratio of maintenance respiration to growth respiration. The maximum rate of Scout-66 root respiration occurred after exposure to 100–200 μmol Al. Atlas-66 root respiration peaked after exposure to 300–400 μmol Al. Similarly, calculations of theoretical adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) production indicated that maximum daily rate of ATP production also increased upon exposure to Al in both cultivars, with peak ATP production occurring during peak respiration. Maximum root respiration rates in both cultivars were related to the Al concentration that inhibited root growth. Temporal exposure to 200 μmol Al quickly stopped root growth and stimulated cytochrome pathway respiration in Scout-66 after 4 days. Atlas-66 root growth and respiration were unaffected by 200 μmol Al. These results suggest that Al exposure imposes a demand for additional metabolic energy. A model describing Al effects on root respiration is presented


ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to give a descriptive account of the use of music therapy techniques on the English speaking and story retelling skills of Kindergarten students in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes. Nine students in a community based after-school ESL class and 9 students in a regular public school ESL class received music therapy sessions designed as supplemental teaching strategies in addition to their regular ESL classroom routines. Observers indicated that both groups performed well on story retelling skills and English speaking skills; although, the after-school ESL group performed better than the public school group. This study suggests that the community setting may be a more relaxed and less intimidating environment for young English language learners. The majority of students enrolled in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes in the public schools in the United States are children of Hispanic immigrants and this population is growing at an incredibly fast pace (Kochlar, Suro & Tafoya, 2005). It is estimated that a recent influx of between 11 and 20 million new immigrants of Hispanic heritage in the United States has added greatly to the numbers of children in ESL classes in the public schools (Time Warner, 2006). The most recent increase in the Hispanic population has taken place in the southeastern region of the United States in six states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee, thus becoming the new settlement areas for immigrants of Hispanic heritage. Fifteen years ago Latino youngsters accounted for only 1% of the school aged population in the southeastern region of the United States but by the year 2007-2008 these students will make up 10 percent of all the primary and secondary schools in these states. Having had just 184,000 Latino students enrolled in September 2001, these Southern states will have an estimated 571,000 Latino students by September 2007, an increase of 387,000 Latino students. To put this in perspective, consider that the four traditional settlement states of California, Illinois, New York and New Jersey had a vastly larger Hispanic school enrollment - 3.4 million in 2001 - but will add only another 535,000 Latino students by 2007 (Kochlar, Suro & Tafoya, 2005, p. 38). The impact of the Latino population growth on local schools is multiplied by three factors: Spanish is the only language spoken in the students' homes, the students often present special needs for English language instruction and since this population has emerged suddenly, many schools do not have the programs in place to deal with their needs (Wainer, 2004). These circumstances are compounded by the No Child Left Behind law which focuses almost solely on accountability to improve educational outcomes for all students, including historically low achieving and disabled students and those who are English Language Learners (ELLs), "children who are learning English and for whom English is not their first language" (Bankstreet, 2007, para 11). In fact, language acquisition is critical for ESL students in order for them to achieve academic concepts and socially integrate with their peers (Brown, 2004; Schunk, 1999). Furthermore, many public schools expect students with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) to become proficient in English within one year so they can join their native English speaking peers in regular academic classes. The assumption, however, that young children can learn English within the span of one year is unrealistic as ELLs need an average of four to five years to achieve parity with native English speakers (MacSwan & Pray, 2005). Therefore, supplemental teaching strategies that engage Kindergarten students in active and passive learning activities which are interesting, enjoyable and inspire children to initiate academic and social uses of the English language are needed (Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, 2006). …


Various components are provided to manage a clustered environment. These components include a System Registry that provides a global data storage; a Configuration manager that stores data locally on nodes of the clustered environment and globally within the System Registry; a Liveness component to provide status of communications paths of the cluster; a Group Services component that provides services to one or more other components of the cluster, and a Resource Management component that communicates with one or more resource controllers of the clustered environment. When a node is added to the cluster, configuration data of cluster resources is obtained and stored in the system registry. Components are then informed that the system registry has been updated.


policy" (p. 123). One also can't help but notice an irony for conservatives in Ballard's study and its application to the post-9/11 policy environment: In both cases the policy response was essentially conservative and reactionary—tightening borders, expanding the reach of the death penalty, abridging civil liberties—yet as Ballard shows, the end result is inevitably one the Right supposedly loathes: a larger, richer, more invasive central government.


In this study we present a reconstruction of the Denmark Strait Overflow over the last glacial cycle on the basis of five new and several published planktic and epibenthic stable isotope records obtained from sites to the north and south of the Denmark Strait.


When it happens mate you'll shit yourself, then the training will take over. It was like that in New Guinea.' The words of Stan's father flashed through his head as the first round thudded into a tree to his right and he hit the dry soil near Phuoc Tuy Province. A Kalashnikov in front barked and popped, he felt the next round hit his pack. The ration pack inside burst and he could smell the condensed milk as it ran down his back. From behind, return fire had begun...


In a study in rural Barbados that controls for race, social class, and cultural attitudes toward birth status, test and school data do not support the "classic" prediction of a direct, negative relationship between father-absence and boys' school performance. In this community, paternal absence during the first two years of life seems modestly beneficial to the boys' later performance, as does paternal presence during the third through fifth years. An interpretation of these findings is offered that contrasts the alternative predictions of the perspectives of economic determinism, stigma-trauma, sex-role identification, and interaction within the household. The interactionist interpretation, supplemented by ethnographic data on the community, best explains the empirical findings.


During the twentieth century, the Liberal nation-state turned into the mass democratic Welfare state, which then became a Member state of the emerging European Union. To what extent is Weber's state theory - which has been so influential within political studies - still pertinent for analyzing these two momentous transformations? This article proposes a neo-Weberian reinterpretation of the democratic welfare state as a novel form of political domination, characterized by a distinctive political logic and legitimation dynamics. It then analyzes the impact of EU membership on such characteristics, highlighting the supremacy of of the market logic and discussing the obstacles for the emergence of a specifically political EU .reason..


The work presented here has no intention to revisit the governance theories. It does not matter to verify whether any theory. Our work is a working understanding of governance logic, not governance in its broadest sense (political) but from the perspective of public economic sphere, which is however not that of corporate governance. The combination of logical governance between Benin and Burkina allows to consider some contextualist logic of governance that is not necessarily the traditional logic of governance as envisaged by many executives (OECD, IMF, World Bank, NEPAD, etc.). Through a merger, implemented through a content analysis, we will analyze the governance of public companies in Burkina Faso and Benin, from a case in each country, the mechanisms are identical for all economic entities under state supervision in each country.


Countermeasures against hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV) infection at work sites in Japan have not yet been implemented. This study aimed to determine the status of viral hepatitis infection among employees in Japan.


Aim To investigate the changes of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in cardiomyocytes after acute myocardial infarction and the impact of simvastatin on HO-1 expression in rats.Methods Myocardial infarction models were made by anterior descending coronary artery ligation on male SD rats whereas sham group by spurious ligation.Survivals were randomized into myocardial infarction(MI) group,simvastatin(Sim) group and sham group 24 hours after the operation.The Sim group was treated with simvastatin 40 mg·kg-1·d-1 via gavage till sacrifice.MI and sham groups were gavaged with equal volume of 0.9% NaCl at the same time.Rats were sacrificed at time points of 24 hours,7 days and 28 days after the operation,for the detection of HO-1 mRNA by RT-PCR,HO-1 protein level by Western bolt,activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and content of malondialdehyde(MDA) by spectrophotometric method in non-infarcted zone.Results Expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein level increased at 24 hours,peaked at 7 days and decreased to basal levels at 28 days.All the indexes at each time point mentioned above were significantly higher in MI group than those in sham group.At the 7th day and 28 th day after the operation,the indexes were higher in Sim group than those in MI group(P0.05).The increase of HO-1 mRNA and protein expression were accompanied by increased activity of SOD and decreased content of MDA in different groups of treatment at each time point.Conclusion The expression of HO-1 changes dynamically within 28 days after acute myocardial infarction.One of the possible mechanisms of simvastatins antioxidative cardiol protection may be through the induction of HO-1.


Faithfulness is one of the main hypotheses on which rely most Bayesian network (BN) structure learning algorithms. When some random variables are deterministically determined by others, faithfulness is ruled out and classical learning algorithms fail to discover many dependences between variables, hence producing incorrect BNs. Even state-of-the-art algorithms dedicated to learning with deterministic variables prove to be inefficient to discover many dependences/independences. For critical applications, e.g., in nuclear safety, such failure is a serious issue. This paper introduces a new hybrid algorithm, combining a constraint-based approach with a greedy search, that includes specific rules dedicated to deterministic nodes that significantly reduce the incorrect learning. Experiments show that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms.


The aim of this work is studied the thermal performance of a local made prototype Quonset-shaped solar cooker provided with an transparent fiberglass sheets under the local climatic conditions of Zagazig city, Egypt (Lat. 30° 35 N ; Lon. 31° 31 E). The Quonset geometric shape of the cooker cover was chosen to obtain a large enclosure volume to increase the accumulated solar heat inside the cooking compartment. The cooker was divided into two equal compartments with aperture area 0.12 m2 and provided with internal solar reflective films. The Thermal performance of cooker was evaluated using the conventional absorber plate (CAP) and black stones pebbles bed (BSB) with different water loads and under the passive and active (the integration of the cooker with a solar flat-plate collector and PV system (modes with taking into consideration the first figure of merit, utilizable efficiency, specific and characteristic boiling times.  The results revealed that, the solar cooker with CAP achieved stagnation temperature of about 10% more than the BSB cooker with delay 40 min and first figure of merit of 0.12 °C.m2/W, whereas the CAP was 0.11°C.m2/W. The active solar cooker with CAP achieved the highest utilizable efficiency of 36.6% with an increment by about 26.5% than the passive one at the maximum water load of 1.50 kg, while the utilizable efficiency of the solar cooker with BSB was 22.52 and 26.9% for the passive and active modes, respectively. Hence, It is recommended to use the active solar cooker with CAP to achieve a good thermal performance because this cooker with aperture area of 1 m2 can boil 1 kg of water in about 18 min at utilizable efficiency of 25% which reduced the boiling time by about 21.74%, whereas the passive cooker with BSB is useful when the evening cooking is concerned and it is not recommended to use this cooker in active mode


New clinical opportunities are needed to increase immunotherapy (IT) benefit. Whereas IFNγ-pathway mutations cause IT resistance, we find that IFNγ receptor-deficient tumors remain remarkably susceptible to T-cell elimination. By integrating transcriptomics, proteomics and genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening with clinical data, we defined the IFNγ-independent tumor landscape and uncovered an immunotherapeutic opportunity. Ablation of TRAF2 enhanced T-cell elimination of both melanoma and lung cancer cells by redirecting TNF signaling to favor RIPK1-dependent apoptosis. TRAF2 loss greatly enhanced the therapeutic potential of pharmacologic inhibition of its interaction partner cIAP. Corroborating these observations clinically, we identified recurring TRAF2 mutations that reduced T-cell sensitivity of tumor cells. Furthermore, both IT response duration and overall survival were lower for tumors that had acquired TNF pathway mutations on IT, suggesting immune-editing by TNF pressure. These results functionally annotate the tumor genome landscape of IFNγ-independent T-cell cytotoxicity, and merit clinical exploration of TRAF2 for cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Daniel S. Peeper, David Vredevoogd, Thomas Kuilman. T-cell-induced tumor vulnerability discovery in an IFNγ-independent genomic landscape [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B033.


A simple, accurate and precise area under curve method was developed for spectrophotometric estimation of hydrochlorothiazide in pure and tablet dosage forms. "The area under two points on the mixture spectra is directly proportional to the concentration of the component of interest" is the AUC curve. The area selected for estimation of hydrochlorothiazide was between 260 to 280 nm. The method represented regression coefficient (R 2 = 0.999) at concentration rang 5-25 μg/ml. Estimation of the drugs was found up to 100 % representing the accuracy of the method. The recovery of the hydrochlorothiazide was found up to 100 %. Validation of the proposed method was carried out for its accuracy, precision and specificity according to ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The developed methods can be successfully applied in routine work for the estimation of hydrochlorothiazide in its pharmaceutical dosage form.


DIY vision for the design of a smart and customizable world in the form of IoT demands the involvement of general public in its development process. General public lacks the technical depths for programming state-of-the-art prototyping and development kits. Latest IoT kits, for example, Intel Edison, are revolutionizing the DIY paradigm for IoT and more than ever a DIY intuitive programming interface is required to enable masses to interact with and customize the behavior of remote IoT devices on the Internet. This paper presents the novel implementation of such a system enabling general public to customize the behavior of remote IoT devices through a visual interface. The interface enables the visualization of the resources exposed by a remote CoAP device in the form of graphical virtual objects. The VOs are used to create service design through simple operations like drag-and-drop and properties settings. The design is maintained as an XML document, thus being easily distributable and recognizable. CoAP proxy acts as an operation client for the remote device and also provides communication link between the designer and the device. The paper presents the architecture, detailed design, and prototype implementation of the system using state-of-the-art technologies.


The preparations are reported of a range of complexes of the ligand N,N′‐p‐phenylenedimethylenebis(imidazole) (p‐XBI) with Mn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II). The X‐band EPR spectra of [Mn(p‐XBI)2X2]n (X = Cl, Br) are consistent with the formation of network structures comprising trans‐MnN4X2 units linked into sheets of contiguous 52‐membered rings, whereas from its EPR spectrum, {[Mn(p‐XBI)3](ClO4)2·2H2O}n has a 3D network structure of contiguous rhomboidal 'boxes'. EPR spectra are also reported for the Cu(II) complexes, as are electronic spectra for those of Cu(II) and Ni(II).


The article introduced a patent "The assembled equipments of External Counterpulsation with An Oxygen Mask in the Treatment of Ischemic Diseases" that has opened by the national property right bureau of knowledge. The technic use the External Counterpulsation equipments to cure and at the same time to provide oxygen with a mask. It can enhance blood stream as well as the oxygen rate to get favorable result in the treatment of Ischemic Diseases


The study of the REE geochemical characteristics of basalt in Linjiang Prospecting area in Inner Mogolia shows that the region of basalt is generally enrichment of REE;the light and heavy REE differentiate strongly;characteristic parameters of REE is related to the gold content;Eu and Ce are all no obvious abnormalities.The basalt is measured for the crust-mantle,the study area of prospecting could have some precious metals and the REE mineralizated.


Studying the state of the issue on the shear resistance of asphalt concrete mixtures in the pavement, the authors reviewed the currently available technical reference literature. The state of the streets of the city of Bryansk and the highways of the Bryansk region by measuring the depth of the tracks and flows was also examined.

The asphalt concrete samples were tested in laboratory conditions taking into account the rate of deformation, temperature and stress-strain state using the device manufactured at the Department of «Highways» of the Bryansk state engineering and technological University. As additives in asphalt concrete mix introduced: rubber crumb from used car tyres, wheels automobiles, carbon black (powder form) and definiltely thermoplastics.

The conducted researches on samples of asphalt concrete mix with use of divinyl-styrene thermoplastics (DST) showed that at increase in the polymer content from 2 to 5 % there was some increase in durability of asphalt concrete on tension in 1,06…1,16 times at 0 °C (smaller value corresponds to the smaller number of DST). Compressive strength at a temperature of «plus» 50 °C increased by 1.04…1.08 times and the module of residual deformation at «plus» 50 °C increased by 1.18…1.23 times. In General, with an increase in the content of DST from 2 to 5 %, the shear resistance increased almost 1.27 times (with the introduction of 5 % DST over the mass of bitumen).

The conducted research allows to conclude that to reduce the impact of shear stresses in asphalt concrete mixtures it is necessary to introduce modifying additives, the properties of asphalt concrete depend on the presence of additives, as well as on the quality of the stone aggregate, bitumen and other materials. With the introduction of certain additives (DST, carbon black, rubber c hips), the shear resistance of asphalt concrete increases.


Fuel Cell with Unique Water Transport Property Yan Xiang, Sikan Peng , Xin Xu, P.C. Sui , Shanfu Lu, Ned Djilali Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Sc hool of Chemistry & Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China Institute for Integrated Energy Systems, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, V8W 3P6, Canada E-mail: email@example.com


The physical principles of the inversion of the electron population between the size-quantization levels upon injection of the electrons and holes to the i -region of a heterostructure with quantum dots or quantum wells allow one to obtain lasing in the middle-IR (MIR) spectral range. Important features of these mechanisms are the simultaneous generation of interband radiation ( h n (cid:25) E g ) in the near-IR (NIR) range and the presence of the 'metastable' level. In quantum dots, such levels appear due to the phonon bottleneck effect. In quantum wells, an energy level can appear due to the weak overlap of the wave functions of electrons at levels in quantum wells of a special shape. Quantum wells are considered in polar semiconductors where scattering of the electrons by optical phonons dominates. Estimates are made of the gain of the MIR radiation upon direct intraband transitions and of the current required for the generation of this radiation in structures with quantum dots and quantum wells. The results of experimental studies of intraband spontaneous MIR radiation occurring simultaneously with the generation of the interband stimulated NIR radiation are presented.


BackgroundPrevious studies found homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score could predict response to platinum-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), but its predictive effects of adjuvant chemotherapy is unexplored. Methods We developed the 3DMed-HRD algorithm, which combines loss of heterozygosity score (LOH), telomeric allelic imbalance score (TAI) and large-scale state transition score (LST) to characterize genomic instability using over 10000 SNPs, adjusted by tumor ploidy and purity. HRD positive is defined by deleterious mutation in BRCA1/2 or HRD score above the threshold (cut-off ≥30). Tumor samples were retrospectively obtained from 149 TNBC patients who received platinum-based (paclitaxel and cisplatin, TP) or platinum-free (cyclophosphamide and adriamycin, EC) adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. All patients underwent the 3DMed-HRD testing. ResultsIn 25.5% (38/149) of TNBC patients deleterious germline or somatic mutation in BRCA 1/2 was detected. HRD results were available for all patients and 81of the 149 patients (54.4%) were defined as HRD positive. HRD-positive patients had younger age at diagnosis (median 46.7 years vs 51.5 years, P=0.002), higher differentiated (59.8% vs 39.5%; p=0.037), lower N-stage (55.7% vs 33.3%; p=0.006) and more common at high expression of Ki67 (64.7% vs 39.0%; p=0.015). In TP treatment group, patients with HRD positive tumors had a lower 5-year recurrence rate although the difference was not statistically significant (8.82% vs 16.1%; p=0.463). Patients in EC treatment cohort, 5-year recurrence rate was comparable between HRD positive and negative subgroups (15.4% vs 13.3%; p=1.0). In the 81 patients in HRD-positive cohort, patients in TP treatment group showed a numerical lower 5-year recurrence rates compared with patients in EC treatment group (8.82% vs 15.4%; p=0.489). Conclusions54.5% patients were characterized as HRD positive in TNBC patients in our cohort. HRD was associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. Our results suggested that HRD status mightguide chemotherapy treatment decisions. Prospective validation with larger sample size is needed. Citation Format: Xue Wang, Feng Du, Jian Yue, Yiran Si, Lina Cui, Peng Yuan. Homologous recombination deficiency score predicts patient characteristics and outcomes of triple negative breast cancer in China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS4-46.


Efficacy of methanolic extracts of different indigenous plant parts, such as the leaves and barks of neem ( Azadirachta indica ); leaves of basil ( Ocimum basilicum), mahua ( Madhuca indica ), lantana ( Lantana camara ), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) , surjokonna ( Spilanthes acmella) and flowers of golden shower ( Cassia fistula ), rosy periwinkle ( Catharanthus roseus ) and orchid ( Mokara charkuan) were tested against the oviposition behavior of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera : Tephritidae). Most effective botanicals as attractants were observed in C. fistula and M. indica . In choice test, the percentage of B. cucurbitae pupae emerged were 0.0 in the leaves and barks of A. indica, 0.22 in flowers of M. charkuan, 1.43 in leaves of O. basilicum, 2.68 in leaves of L. camara, 6.83 in flowers of C. roseus, 5.51 in leaves of S. acmella , 13.27 in leaves of E. globules , 19.99 in flowers of C. fistula and 14.09 in leaves of M. indica. In nochoice test, the respective percentages of B. cucurbitae pupae emerged were 0.0, 2.19, 2.29, 11.68, 10.65, 12.34, 7.73, 6.76, 13.66 and 15.16 for the leaves of A. indica, bark of A. indica, in flowers of M. charkuan, in leaves of O. basilicum, in flowers of L. camara , in flowers of C. roseus, in leaves of S. acmella , in leaves of E. globules , in flowers of C. fistula and in leaves of M. indica. Phytochemical screening of the methanolic crude extracts of the botanicals showed that M. indica was strongly positive for steroid; C. fistula were strongly positive for alkaloid, flavonoids and glycoside and M. charkuan was weakly positive for carbohydrates, alkaloid and steroid. Bangladesh J. Zool. 41(1): 105-112, 2013


This report covers in some detail most of the major areas of consideration involved in the marine carriage of LNG. Some of the fields investigated and reviewed are the world's total energy picture and the particular requirements of natural gas in the United States in the near future. (GRA)


Navier–Stokes simulations are performed to determine the responses of a single-degree-of-freedom pitch airfoil system, as well as those of a two-degree-of-freedom pitch-and-heave system, in buffeting flows. The buffeting flow exhibits shock-wave oscillations of a unique frequency that occurs for some combinations of mean flow angle of attack and transonic Mach numbers. It was found that frequency lock-in may occur, when the frequency of the elastic system is close to the buffet frequency, and the amplitude of the elastic oscillation is above some threshold. Following frequency lock-in, the system response rapidly increases until reaching a limit-cycle oscillation. Synchronization of the transonic aerodynamic buffet phenomenon and the structural elastic modes provides a physical mechanism that leads to a limit-cycle oscillation, as observed in the current computational study.


Objective:To investigate whether LMWH can protect the function of umbilical cells in hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions.Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells,—ECV304,were planted into 6-well dishes,then cultivated respectively in three conditions:normal,hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions.Cells were grown for 1 hour in hypoxia condition;reoxygenated for 6 or 24 hours after 1 hour hypoxia,respectively.Cells in hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions were divided into two subgroups:LMWH group (5IU/ml) and control group.At each end of incubation time the medium was removed from each well.NO and MDA were measured by chromatometry.ET were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results:There was a decrease in the biosythesis and release of NO,while an increase of MDA and ET in hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions.The effect in hypoxia-reoxygenation condition was more remarkable than in hypoxia condition.But in both conditions LMWH could inhibit the productions of MDA and ET,increase the productions of NO.Conclusion:In hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions,LMWH can inhibit the production of MDA,and protect endothelial cells from oxygen free radicals.


Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is an inducible transcription factor that regulates genes important in immunity and inflammation. The activity of NF-κB is highly regulated: transcriptionally active NF-κB proteins are sequestered in the cytoplasm by inhibitory proteins, IκB. A variety of extracellular signals, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), activate NF-κB by inducing phosphorylation and degradation of IκB, allowing nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF-κB. Many of the stimuli that activate NF-κB by inducing IκB degradation also cause phosphorylation of the NF-κB RelA (p65) polypeptide. The transactivating capacity of RelA is positively regulated by phosphorylation, suggesting that in addition to cytosolic sequestration by IκB, phosphorylation represents another mechanism for control of NF-κB activity. In this report, we demonstrate that mesalamine, an anti-inflammatory aminosalicylate, dose-dependently inhibits IL-1-stimulated NF-κB-dependent transcription without preventing IκB degradation or nuclear translocation and DNA binding of the transcriptionally active NF-κB proteins, RelA, c-Rel, or RelB. Mesalamine was found to inhibit IL-1-stimulated RelA phosphorylation. These data suggest that pharmacologic modulation of the phosphorylation status of RelA regulates the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, independent of nuclear translocation and DNA binding. These findings highlight the importance of inducible phosphorylation of RelA in the control of NF-κB activity.


This article provides a critical overview of gender equality talk within the media, arts and cultural industries, focusing on a case study of Australian cultural policy discourse from the 1970s to 2020s. It aims to expand on existing understandings of postfeminism and popular feminism by exploring how these sensibilities have been taken up and expressed within arts and cultural policy discourse. How has the problem of the cultural gender gap previously been understood? And how has that changed in light of increased public attention to feminist concerns? While there are important differences across the decades there are also recurring notions of pragmatism, self-empowerment, resilience, vigilance and trickle-down logics – which cultivate a sense of movement without progress. By looking at policy discourses and gender equality talk through a longer lens, considering situations of feminist visibility and invisibility, acceptance and repudiation, and inequalities that are speakable and unspeakable, we see how inequalities in the creative and cultural industries come to be both enduring and endurable.


Background: Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is a symptomatic disorder which is due to allergen exposure and IgE inflammatory pathway activation in respiratory tract. The present study's purpose was to assess Azelastine/Fluticasone combination nasal spray cost-effectiveness in comparison with Azelastine and Fluticasone nasal sprays monotherapy, in mild to moderate AR patients in Islamic Republic of Iran (I.R.I.) health care system. Methods: A literature review was performed in order to compare the effectiveness of Fluticasone/Azelastine (50μg/125μg) with Fluticasone (50μg) and Azelastine (125μg). The search was conducted in PubMed, ISI, Scopus, Cochrane, CRD York and Google Scholar based on a predefined PICO of the study. According to confirmed equal clinical effectiveness of two arms, a cost minimization analysis was done. As micro costing, direct medical costs (drugs` costs, GP office visits, office visit and allergy-related tests), based on official tariffs in Iran were calculated in a 14-day time horizon. Because of model's time horizon, which was less than 1 year, discount rate was not applied. Results: The result of literature search were two RCTs in which the combination form had been compared with each of the spray of Azalastine and Fluticasone. Azelastine/Fluticasone would save 2.05$ per patient for each course of treatment; and therefore recognized as cost-effective. Conclusions: This study showed that Azelastine/Fluticasone combination was the cost saving alternative.


The views of three academics on the educational value of Physical Education (PE) and School Sport (PESS) were assessed. Green explores the supposed effect of PE on current and future participation in sport and concludes that PE teachers cannot attach themselves so deeply to such a weak claim that might be impossible to show. Bailey alleged that the benefits of PESS has been made in such assertive tones that a bystander might think that nothing more can be said. Bailey and Hardman believe that it has not been proven scientifically that PESS contributes to the holistic development of the child. The present article attested the educational worth of PESS. A literature study of mainly primary sources in the field of PE was conducted. The methodology can be typified as qualitative research within the interpretative science paradigm. An educational rationale for the inclusion of PE in curricula is provided by the validation of the Arnoldian dimensions. The arguments offered by Bailey, Hardman and Green are to a great extent rejected. Most of the viewpoints in this paper are in line with Arnold's rationale for the inclusion of PE in curricula. The inclusion of a subject in curricula relates to the envisaged values concerning the unique content and aims, learning programmes and the actuality and value of the outcomes.