Using the logging and exploring data in Huanglongchang constitution of P2ch(changing period) in eastern Sichuan Basin and Appling multiply exploring information processing methods(LANDMARK,STRATA platform of seismic inversion after superposition)recognize the abnormal information of reef in P2ch. Summing the explore responsibility of reef, build the abmormal recognition model of reef . Mostly applying the STRATA velocity inversion section predicts the distributed field of reef's depth.


A newly isolated, purified, and characterized PQQ-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (a bacterial membrane-bound protein) was recently found to display a surprisingly large linear range and high selectivity towards ethanol when integrated into a conducting polymer network on a platinum electrode. These findings motivated us to study the enzyme when simply immobilized onto carbonaceous surfaces in order to establish its characteristics and suitability for sensor development, the sensor design being based on a direct-electron transfer pathway. Graphite rods and screen-printed electrodes were modified in two different ways, and were operated both in FIA and batch mode. The obtained biosensor characteristics were highly dependent on the sensor architecture, the highest sensitivity (179 mA M-1 cm(-2)) and lowest detection limit (1 muM) being obtained for screen-printed electrodes used in a batch mode. A mechanism of the observed direct electron transfer between the enzyme's active center and the electrode is proposed. (Less)


The impacts of such water transfers are expected to vary temporally and spatially. The aim of this paper is to specify a method to assess these impacts. Although water trading and its impacts have been discussed qualitatively in the literature; there are limited qualitative models available. In the past economists primarily modeled water trading without considering biophysical and systemic constraints. On the whole, these approaches overlook the important fact that the physical transfer of water does not occur at the same time as the economic (or "paper") trade. However, integrated modelling frameworks are suitable for representing the complex interactions between economic drivers and the biophysical processes underlying water markets.


Object of the present invention is to provide a use of compression and coding techniques, methods, location information of small data quantity of encoded digital map. Coding method of the data shape vector in the encoding instruction digital map, the node string and the shape vector indicating to be represented by data exists statistical bias position information relating to performing arithmetic processing, and the presence of statistical deviation coding to reduce the amount of data. In the case where the digital map to be transferred shape vector, can considerably reduce the amount of transmission data.


When the 1926 Euclid v. Ambler decision found municipal zoning valid under the U.S. Constitution, previous state cases opposing the practice were overruled and subsequently almost forgotten. This investigation analyzes those early State Supreme Court cases to determine systematically the basis of these rejections. After constructing a contextual background of the legal arguments that could have been used by the judges, I assess cases to determine which were used, and find a dominance of concern regarding land use segregation justified by municipalities through an "aesthetics" defense. I conclude by considering links between these cases and current controversies.


This systematic review describes the benefits of individualized leisure and social activity interventions for people with dementia (aim 1), how these interventions were individually tailored (aim 2), and what recommendations or suggestions can be made for these interventions and further studies (aim 3). Thirty-two included studies were organized into four categories based on how the intervention was individually tailored. These categories include: (1) performance factors; (2) self-identity; (3) music preference; and (4) life experiences and past memories. The authors discuss suggestions and benefits by synthesizing the finding of the included studies in each category.


Low-loss glass-fiber waveguides were developed. They had a quartz glass (fused silica) cores and borosilicate cladding. The numerical aperture of these fibers was ~0.17. An investigation of the spectral dependence of the total attenuation in the λ = 0.5–1.1 μ range indicated that in the frequency intervals of greatest interest in optical communication (0.8–0.9 μ and 1.06 μ), the total attenuation was less than 10 dB/km.


A proposal for a fully composite pylon has been designed to meet the requirements of compact structure and elegant appearance for new-generation 400 kV transmission towers, able to save lines corridors and reduce visual impact. Correspondingly, a method of external down-lead has been proposed to bring grounding potential to the shield wires. Based on this design, in this paper, lightning overvoltage level of the fully composite pylon is investigated by using transient simulation tools and backflashover performance is evaluated through Monte Carlo method. An equivalent distributed parameter model of the pylon is established, with the stray capacitances of phase conductors calculated in advance. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the randomness of lightning current waveform in the nature. The overvoltage levels are simulated in PSCAD to determine the occurrence of backflashover. The backflashover rate (BFOR) is estimated by accumulate the probability of backflashover after repeated random sampling of lightning current. Simulating results show that the BFOR is 0.074 flashes/100 km·year and the overvoltage level calculated becomes lower in the modified model considering stray capacitances. Effects of both the lightning peak current and the tail time on the probability of backflashover occurrence is also summarized.


LeuO is a LysR‐type transcriptional regulator in bacteria. It determines the regulation of numerous genes related to stress response and virulence. Thus, four exciting areas of research are discussed herein. One pertains the leuO gene, which in S. Typhi and in E. coli contains multiple forward promoters as well as reverse promoters, even though it is expressed at very low levels, that is, it is quiescent. Such multiplicity might allow for a greater plasticity in regulation, or even aid in maintaining the quiescence, in processes that appear to involve many nucleoid‐associated proteins in a second area of opportunity. A third one relates to the effector‐binding domain of the LeuO regulator, which is highly conserved in S. enterica and in E. coli and determines its activity as a regulator of transcription. A fourth area regards the role of the CRISPR‐Cas system in gene regulation in S. Typhi; a system that is regulated by LeuO.


Space mission architects are often challenged with knowing which investment in technology infusion will have the highest return. Certification based analysis gives architects and technologists a means to communicate the risks and advantages of infusing technologies at various points in a process. Various alternatives can be compared, and requirements based on supporting streamlining or automation can be derived and levied on candidate technologies. We present the results of applying certification-based analysis to a real space mission.


The Indian retail sector is transforming rapidly propelled by rising household income, technology advancements, e-commerce, and increased expectations. Radical changes are evident in the retail landscape with the advent of the internet. New innovative technologies are being used by the retailers in order to provide seamless and unique shopping experience to the customer. Internet of things is one of the technologies creating competitive advantage in the world of retailing, and now smart retailing is in trend to cater to enhanced customer expectations. This study aims to understand concept and explain applications of internet of things in retailing and also discusses IoT as an opportunity for retailers, companies using IoT technology, and obstacles in adopting IoT especially in the retail sector.


Now a day's curvature of spine is a common problem from babies to adults. In this paper, a wearable brace is used to provide patient to overcome from scoliosis by wearing braces with controlled pressure. Scoliosis is one of the spine diseases, the spine will be in S shape or C shape, in some degree of curve. But mostly occurs in Juvenile stage (3-10 years) and also women face this problem. It can be cured by a proper treatment by wearing a brace. The pressure control system is microcontroller. Bracing is a common non-surgical treatment for scoliosis, more often the patient wear their braces to the prescribed tightness. It works by applying corrective pressure on the outer side of curve and cutting out respective areas of relief to inner side of curve ,so the spine can migrate in that direction. The pressure control device was developed to understand brace wear time and regulate a target pressure range. The pressured data is transmitted to the central processing station. The effectiveness of our system is to monitor the development of posture of spine by wearing braces with controlled pressure.


Behavioral responses of physiologically resistant and susceptible populations of the horn fly. Haematobia irritans (L.), were characterized. Dose–response studies demonstrated that behavioral resistance can take the form of hypersensitivity or a lowered sensitivity threshold, or both. The physiologically resistant population was resistant to permethrin, fenvalerate, deItamethrin, cypermethrin, and DDT. It was behaviorally resistant to fenvalerate and permethrin. Deltamethrin evoked a hyperirritable response, which was due either to behavioral cross-resistance or a previously unconsidered form of physiologically potentiated behavioral resistance. Responses to DDT and cypermethrin were not different in the resistant and susceptible populations. Studies using pyrethroids synergized with piperonyl butoxide indicated that behavioral resistance to the pyrethroids was due to evolution of a qualitatively different mechanism than that which accounts for irritation/repellence upon initial contact with an intrinsically irritating pyrethroid.


To the Editor: One of the most challenging areas in pancreatic endocrine tumor (PET) biology is the identification of specific biomarkers that can morphologically and histochemically distinguish well-differentiated PETs from other types of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Novel markers could improve diagnosis accuracy and could consequently lead to a more appropriate and tailored treatment and therefore to a better prognosis. This is highly relevant from the clinical point of view as at least 10% of patients with NETs have a widespread disease of unknown primary origin, and available antineoplastic agents are fundamentally effective only on tumors of pancreatic origin. Unfortunately, current markers including synaptophysin and chromogranin A are unable to distinguish whether a particular NET originated initially from the endocrine pancreas or from other sites such as the gastrointestinal tract or the bronchopulmonary system. In this regard, a recent study published in the American Journal of Surgical Pathology has identified the transcription factor Pax8 as a potentially new biomarker capable of performing such a task. Although previously not detected in the pancreas, Long and colleagues reported strong Pax8 immunostaining in normal human islets and have suggested that this transcription factor could be a specific marker of mature pancreatic endocrine cells and could even be implicated in terminal differentiation of islet cells during development. This premise was corroborated by a second American Journal of Surgical Pathology publication confirming the expression of Pax8 in healthy human islets. The discovery of Pax8 expression in the endocrine pancreas led Long and colleagues to assess whether Pax8 was expressed in PETs and in other well-differentiated NETs and to evaluate its potential value as a specific biomarker. They showed that a significant percentage of primary welldifferentiated PETs displayed strong Pax8 staining, whereas ileal and pulmonary carcinoid tumors were negative. Furthermore, liver metastases of PET origin were often Pax8 positive. The investigators concluded that Pax8 could be a useful marker to determine the primary origin site of metastatic well-differentiated PETs lodged within the liver. Interestingly, an independent study substantiated these findings and proposed a flowchart in which Pax8 was included in a panel of immunohistochemical stainings to determine the site of origin of metastatic well-differentiated NET in the liver. Unfortunately, we would like to communicate to the American Journal of Surgical Pathology readership that the conclusion of these studies is potentially inaccurate and that Pax8 proteins are not detectable in either healthy islets or PETs. Indeed, subsequent to the publication by Long et al we embarked on a study to determine whether Pax8 could also be expressed during pancreatic islet development, thereby pinpointing to a yet unknown function of this transcription factor in islet physiology. To this end, we analyzed Pax8 expression during mouse pancreatic development and in adult islets by immunohistochemistry using the same Pax8 polyclonal antibody (ProteinTech Group Inc., Chicago, IL; Cat. No. 10336-1AP) that Long et al used in their study. It is noteworthy that this polyclonal antibody was also used for most, if not all, clinical studies that demonstrated Pax8 staining in PETs. Consistent with these published reports we were successful in detecting Pax8 immunostaining in mature mouse and human islets and in the developing mouse pancreas. However, in an attempt to complement our immunohistochemical data with transcript expression profile, we unexpectedly found that Pax8 mRNA levels in both human and mouse islets were low to undetectable. These findings led us to question the specificity of the Pax8 polyclonal antibody. Indeed, as the 9 Pax members share a high degree of homology at the N-terminal paired domain, the region included in the peptide use for originating the antibody, a potential cross-reactivity of the antibody to another Pax member could be envisaged. This premise was indeed confirmed by demonstrating that the polyclonal Pax8 antibody also recognized the islet-enriched Pax6 protein both by Western blotting and by immunohistochemistry. To circumvent this caveat, a novel Pax8 monoclonal antibody from Abcam (No. ab53490) generated against the more variable C-terminal region of Pax8 was used to reevaluate the expression pattern of Pax8 during development and in islets. This antibody recognizes the 2 predominant isoforms of Pax8 expressed in most tissues and tumors. Consistent with our QT-RTPCR data, neither the developing pancreas nor mature islets exhibited staining with this novel Pax8 monoclonal antibody as compared with the polyclonal antibody. These results led us to reassess whether Pax8 was truly present in PETs. To this end, serial sections of PETs were immunostained with Pax8 antibodies (polyclonal and monoclonal) and with anti-Pax6 sera (Fig. 1). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining both in nonneoplastic islets and in tumor areas of pancreas sections when the Pax8 polyclonal antibody was used, whereas no staining was revealed with the Pax8 monoclonal antibody (Figs. 1A, B). An immunostaining pattern similar to that of the Pax8 polyclonal antibody was discerned with the Pax6 antibody, substantiating cross-reactivity of the commonly used Pax8 polyclonal antibody with Pax6 and possibly with other members of the Pax family (Fig. 1C). Thus, in contrast to the study by Long et al, we LETTER TO THE EDITOR


[Objective]To explore the relation between HBeAg status and expression of Interleukin-18 and its impact on the function of immune response and inflammation degree of liver among the patients with low grade chronic hepatitis B.[Methods]The IL-18,HBV-DNA,HBeAg,β2M and ALT etc. of low grade CHB patients were detected and analyzed.[Results]Among these low grad chronic hepatitis B patients,IL-18 and ALT of the patients with HBeAg(-)were significantly higher than the controls(P﹤0.01,P﹤0.05),and IL-18 showed significantly positive correlation with ALT(r = 0.574,P﹤0.05),and abnormality rate of IL-18 was significantly higher than that of ALT(χ2 = 6.08,P﹤0.05). IL-18 of patients with HBeAg(+)group showed to be normal,and the abnormality rate of IL-18 had no significantly difference when compared with the rate of ALT(χ2 = 2.487,P﹥0.05). but copy number of HBV DNA among patients with HBeAg(+)group was significantly higher than that of patients with HBeAg(-).[Conclusion]There was internal relationshio between HBeAg and expression of Interleukin-18,which had great impact on the immune response and immunological regulation. IL-18 in serum could be regarded as an effectively serology index to evaluate the severity degree of liver inflammation among CHB patients with HBeAg(-).


Symbolic equations of motion (EOMs) for multibody systems are desirable for simulation, stability analyses, control system design, and parameter studies. Despite this, the majority of engineering software designed to analyze multibody systems are numeric in nature (or present a purely numeric user interface). To our knowledge, none of the existing software packages are 1) fully symbolic, 2) open source, and 3) implemented in a popular, general, purpose high level programming language. In response, we extended SymPy (an existing computer algebra system implemented in Python) with functionality for derivation of symbolic EOMs for constrained multibody systems with many degrees of freedom. We present the design and implementation of the software and cover the basic usage and workflow for solving and analyzing problems. The intended audience is the academic research community, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, and those in industry analyzing multibody systems. We demonstrate the software by deriving the EOMs of a N-link pendulum, show its capabilities for LATEX output, and how it integrates with other Python scientific libraries allowing for numerical simulation, publication quality plotting, animation, and online notebooks designed for sharing results. This software fills a unique role in dynamics and is attractive to academics and industry because of its BSD open source license which permits open source or commercial use of the code. ∗Address all correspondence to this author INTRODUCTION There are many dynamic systems which can be better or more effectively studied when their EOMs are accessible in a symbolic form. For equations that may be visually inspected (i.e., of reasonable length), symbolics are generally preferable because the interrelations of the variables and constants can give clear understanding to the nature of the problem without the need for numerical simulation. Many classic problems fit this category, such as the mass-spring-damper, double pendulum, rolling disc, rattleback, and tippy-top. The benefits of symbolic equations of motion are not limited to these basic problems though. Larger, more complicated multibody systems can also be studied more effectively when the equations of motion are available symbolically. Advanced simplification routines can sometimes reduce the length of the equations such that they are human readable and the intermediate derivation steps are often short enough that symbolic checks can be used to validate the correctness. Furthermore, the symbolic form of the EOMs often evaluate much faster than their numerical counterparts, which is a significant advantage for real time computations. Problems in biomechanics, spacecraft dynamics, and single-track vehicles have all been successfully studied using symbolic EOMs. Having the symbolic equations of motion available permits numerical simulation, but also allows for a more mathematical study of the system in question. System behavior can be studied parametrically by examining coefficients in the differential equations. This includes symbolic expressions for equiProceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference IDETC/CIE 2013 August 4-7, 2013, Portland, Oregon, USA


Transition metal antimonide nanoparticles, NiSb and FeSb2, were synthesized by solvothermal method with the inclusion of various kinds of additives. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of hexagonal NiSb and orthorhombic FeSb2. NiSb nanoparticles of diameter about 10-40 nm and FeSb2 nanorods of 6 nm wide and 15-30 nm long were synthesized with the addition of SDS as surfactant. The structural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) also revealed the formation of transition metal antimonide nanoparticles with high purity and better crystallinity. The effect of the nanostructure on the UV-vis absorption and luminescence of the antimonide nanoparticles has been studied. The nanosize transition metal antimonides such as NiSb and FeSb2 have applications as inclusion materials in CoSb3 skutterudites in developing thermoelectric devices with better energy conversion efficiency.


7074 Background: Nilotinib has a higher binding affinity and selectivity for Abl with respect to imatinib (IM). To investigate the efficacy and the safety of nilotinib 400 mg BID in untreated, early chronic phase (ECP) CML patients (pts), the GIMEMA CML WP is conducting a multicentric, phase II study trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00481052 ).

METHODS
73 pts have been enrolled between June 2007 and February 2008. The median age was 51 years (range 18-83). Median follow-up is currently 210 days (range 68-362).

RESULTS
All 73 pts and 48/73 (66%) completed 3 and 6 months on treatment, respectively. Response at 3 and 6 months (ITT): CHR rate was 100% and 98%, CCgR rate 78% and 96%, respectively. A MMR was achieved by 3% after 1 month on treatment, but this proportion rapidly increased to 22% after 2 months, 59% after 3 months and 74% after 6 months. One patient progressed at 6 months to accelerated-blastic phase with the T315I mutation. The median daily average dose was close to the intended dose, 789 mg (range 261 - 800); 34/73 pts (47%) interrupted nilotinib at least once, with a median interruption of 15 days (range 2-98). The dose of nilotinib at the last visit was 400 mg BID for 52 pts (71%), 400 mg daily for 20 pts (27%), and 200 mg daily for 1 patient (1%). AEs (grade 3/4) were manageable with appropriate dose adaptations: hematologic toxicity was recorded so far in 4 pts (5%); the most frequent biochemical laboratory abnormalities (grade 3) were total bilirubin increase (15%), GOT/GPT increase (11%), and lipase increase (4%). Only 1 episode of grade 4 lipase increase was recorded. It is noteworthy, considering the 48 cases with at least 6 months of follow-up, that the incidence of any grade 2 and 3 non-hematologic adverse event, decreased from 50% and 8% (first 3 months) to 23% and 6% (second trimester), respectively. In 16 pts (22%), transient and not clinically relevant ECG abnormalities have been recorded; 2 more pts (3%) revealed a transient and uneventful QTc prolongation (>450 but <499 msec).

CONCLUSIONS
In ECP Ph-pos CML pts both cytogenetic and molecular responses to nilotinib are substantially faster than the responses to IM. Supported by: FIRB 2006. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


![Figure][1]

A firebug ( Pyrrhocoris apterus ). Photo credit: Jan Sula.

Fighting off an infection is never easy, but insects are prepared. By releasing antimicrobial peptides (mini-proteins) from the fat body – the insect equivalent of the liver – and mobilising specialised cells that


It is through intercultural communication that we come to create, understand, and transform culture and identity. Intercultural communication is communication between people with differing cultural identities. One reason we should study intercultural communication is to foster greater self-awareness (Martin & Nakayama, 2010). Our thought process regarding culture is often "other-focused," meaning that the culture of the other person or group is what stands out in our perception. However, the old adage "know thyself" is appropriate, as we become more aware of our own culture by better understanding other cultures and perspectives. Intercultural communication can allow us to step outside of our comfortable, usual frame of reference and see our culture through a different lens. Additionally, as we become more self-aware, we may also become more ethical communicators as we challenge our ethnocentrism, or our tendency to view our own culture as superior to other cultures.


[Editor's Note—Indiana Highway Constructors and the ISHC Divisions of Construction, Design, Planning, and Materials and Tests held a joint session and panel discussion on pollution and bridge deck deterioration. Prof. H. L. Michael, Purdue University, was moderator and the panel consisted of W. J. Ritman, Assistant Engineer of Construction, ISHC; Robert Conwell, Engineer, Tri-Angle Construction Co., Inc.; Dewey Hauser, General Superintendent, R. L. Schutt Co., Inc.; and Ames.]


An especially big earthquake,whice,happened in Wen Chuan County,Si Chuan Province.From the earthquake,People see the weakness and unwillingness of life,what's more,they see its tenacity and preciousness.We shoud treat death correctly,carry out death education systematicly and technologicallyang and help teenagers set up the sense of death,which is very important for them to know,grasp and value life.


Present study was conducted on 100 Junior High School Teachers in Jaunpur. Self made questionnaire for accountability and M.N. Wali Job Satisfaction Questionnaire were used for data collection. The random sampling method was used for the selection of the sample. Analysis of variance was computed to see the relationship between two variables.


People who are in a bad socioeconomic position usually experience bad health outcomes. Moreover, higher mortality rates are linked to deteriorating socioeconomic status. This trend can also be observed in oral health. Worldwide, the highest prevalence of disease caries in permanent teeth was observed in Andean Latin America. The aim of this review was to determine the risk of caries based on the socioeconomic position in Latin America. The protocol was designed in accordance with the Cochrane standards for systematic reviews. The search criteria met the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 152 articles were reviewed. Finally, 9 studies were included in the review. There is a direct association between socioeconomic status, parents' educational level, family income, and oral health education and patients' caries experience. Furthermore, this review highlights the lack of research in Latin America on oral health and the lack of policies based on scientific evidence to try to reduce the caries rate in the pediatric and adult population.


This paper mainly is concerned with the derivation of the sufficient conditions for the two-level incentive stackelberg strategies in the two-level hierarchical differential games with two noncooperative leaders and one follower, characterized by a kind of linear state dynamics and quadratic cost functionals. In the present paper, we first define a concept of •gteam-optimal Nash equilibrium solution•h, and by a simple numerical example, show a general method solving such a static two-level incentive game in which two leaders find their •gteam-optimal Nash equilibrium solution•h by announcing their strategies. Then, we construct the two-level incentive Stackelberg strategies ƒÁ1• ̧ƒ¡1 and ƒÁ2• ̧ƒ¡2 of the form ƒÁ1 (x(t),u31(t),t)=ƒÅ10(t)x(t)+ƒÅ11(t)u31(t), ƒÁ2(x(t),u32(t),t)=ƒÅ20(t)x(t)+ƒÅ22(t)u32(t), for the players P1 and P2 (leaders) to achieve their •gteam-optimal Nash equilibrium solution•h in such a game characterized by a kind of linear state dynamics and quadratic cost functionals, and also obtain the sufficient conditions which are satisfied by these twolevel incentive Stackelberg strategies ƒÁ1• ̧ƒ¡1 and ƒÁ2• ̧ƒ¡2.


The research of the mechanism of water sensitivity at the seawater-freshwater interface and its affecting factors shows that the pore throat blocking resulting from release,expansion,migration and heavy sediment of particles in porous media by the action of release-migration of non-reactive particles and expansion-flocculation of reactive particles as well as the crosslinkage of colloid absorption is the mechanism of water sensitivity.The factors such as critical salt concentration,its change rate,critical ionic strength,critical flow velocity and pH value of water affect the sensitivity of the water.It points out that the research of water sensitivity possesses important theoretical meaning and practical value for prevention of sea water intrusion.


Activity coefficients of NaCl in aqueous mixture of NaCl and tetramethy lammonium chloride were determined by EMF measurements at 298. 15 K and at eight differ ent ionic strengths from 0. 1 to 2. 5 mol/kg. The data were fitted using the Scatchard, Pitzer and Lim equations. Osmotic coefficients, excess Gibbs free energies of mixing and activity coefficients of Me4NCl were calculated at all ionic strengths.


This paper presents a new reverse engineering method for creating 3D mesh models, which approximate an unorganized noisy point set without orientation information. The new method computes sample points by the extended moving least squares method in adaptive octree cell. The octree subdivision is decided by weighted covariance matrix. Then the points are connected by intersections of supported spheres. Further, the triangular meshes are refined to remove non-manifold parts and holes. The new algorithm allows us to construct mesh models from very large point set quickly


Internationally, aging infrastructures, tighter budget, and public demands for more accountability have stimulated interests in asset management. Since the old management concept "Worst-First approach" cannot counteract those issues any more, many countries or organizations have developed and operating decision-making support tools, such as Highway Development and Management-4 (HDM-4), RealCOST, HERS, and so on. Nevertheless, the programs missed an important concept of the asset management-the business-which treats the balance among the asset condition, user's satisfaction, and budget demand. The powerful weapon of the business is the level of service (LOS), which is an essential tool for quantification, evaluation, and negotiation. For those reasons, this study tried to suggest a general framework of the LOS-based life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) considering road users and social benefits, and to show its adaptability with empirical application to a Korean case. The case study aimed at the Korean national highway network, and details of sub-models and analysis options followed by the legal investment guideline in Korea. This would be a significant trial, combining engineering, management, economics, accounting, and environmental issues under the single concept of asset management.


FIELD: information technologies. SUBSTANCE: in discovered preferred version of implementation the signal levels of access terminal active sectors is compared to signal level of current service sector of this access terminal, summed to accumulate delta credits. If control lock bit of data transfer rate "УСПД" is available, cumulative total credit is authorised to receive authorised cumulative total credit. EFFECT: new service sector is identified from collection of candidate sectors on the basis of signal levels of active sectors and authorised cumulative total credits. 4 cl, 9 dwg


Objective: To determine the correlation between knowledge and implementation of evidence-based practice among nurses at Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital.
Subjects and research methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 194 nurses working at Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital from January 2022 to May 2022. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The research subjects were selected by stratified random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data.
Results: The majority of nurses participating in the study were female (83%). The mean age of nurses was 34.46 ± 6.6 years. The mean of work experience is 11.77 ± 6.47 years. The highest mean score of knowledge was 5.12 ± 0.74, followed by practice at 4.90 ± 0.99. There is a strong correlation between knowledge and implementation of evidence-based practice r = 0.64, p<0.05.
Conclusion: These nurses were knowledgeable, active participants in evidence-based practice. Furthermore, there was a correlation between knowledge and evidence-based practice. Therefore, it is necessary to have solutions to provide or facilitate nurses to improve their knowledge of evidence-based practice, such as opening evidence-based practice courses for nurses and encouraging nurses to seek certifications in the field of evidence-based practice. authentication to apply in patient care.


The ${}^{2}{F}_{7/2}(F=3){\char21{}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}(F=2)$ 3.43-\ensuremath{\mu}m transition in ${}^{171}{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ has been measured to be 87 366 282 258(91) kHz. This transition is of interest as an infrared frequency standard. A subsidiary measurement of the 3.43-\ensuremath{\mu}m ${(F=4\ensuremath{-}F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=3)$ transition yields a frequency of 87 362 471 500(800) kHz. Taken with a previous measurement of the ${}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ level hyperfine splitting, a ${}^{2}{F}_{7/2}$ level hyperfine splitting of 3620(2) MHz and an A factor of 905.0(0.5) MHz are deduced. In addition, a 3.43-\ensuremath{\mu}m transition isotope shift of ${v}_{171}\char21{}{v}_{172}=+4048(4)\mathrm{MHz}$ is obtained from these experiments and a known value for the transition in the 172 isotope. These measurements taken with previous work give a value for the ${}^{2}{S}_{1/2}(F=0){\char21{}}^{2}{F}_{7/2}(F=3)$ electric octupole transition of 642 121 497 308(178) kHz, which will be used as a starting point in the search for this extremely weak transition.


In order to simulate three-dimensional dynamic crack propagation, a three-dimensional moving finite-element method was developed. A new expression was also derived for the dynamic J integral (J') in terms of the equivalent domain integral (EDI) method. The moving finite-element procedure together with the dynamic J integral evaluation procedure made it possible to evaluate the distribution of the dynamic energy release rate along the propagating crack front at each time step. Furthermore, a new formula for converting the dynamic J integral to the stress intensity factor along the crack front was derived by introducing a three-dimensionality parameter. Numerical simulation was carried out for several sample problems.


Abstract To evaluate the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in patients with diastolic heart failure by echocardiography and explore the clinical value of echocardiography. From July 2017 to January 2018, 120 patients were prospectively selected from the affiliated hospital of Jiangsu university diagnosed as diastolic heart failure (York Heart Association class ≥II, LVEF ≥50%). The patients were divided into group with LVEDP ≤15 mm hg (1 mm hg = 0.133 kpa) (43 cases) and the group with LVEDP >15 mm hg (77 cases) according to the real-time measurement of LVEDP. Receiver operator characteristic curves of each parameter of echocardiography in diagnosis of LVEDP were compared between the 2 groups. Common ultrasonic parameters such as left ventricular inflow tract blood flow propagation velocity, mitral valve diastole e peak velocity/mitral valve diastole a peak velocity, e peak deceleration time, a peak duration, and early diastole interventricular septum bicuspid annulus velocity e' (e'sep) were used to evaluate LVEDP elevation with low accuracy (AUC is only between 0.5 and 0.7). Other ultrasonic parameters such as left atrial volume index (LAVI), tricuspid regurgitation maximum flow rate (TRmax), early diastole left ventricular sidewall bicuspid annulus velocity e' (e'lat), average e', E/e'sep, E/e'lat, average E/e' were used to evaluate LVEDP elevation with a certain improvement in accuracy (AUC between 0.7 and 0.9). Propagation velocity, mitral valve diastole e peak velocity/mitral valve diastole a peak velocity, e peak deceleration time, a peak duration, e'sep, average e', E/e'sep have very low correlation with LVEDP (r = −0.283 to 0.281); LAVI, TRmax, e'lat, E/e'lat, average E/e' and LVEDP are not highly correlated (r = 0.330–0.478). Through real-time left ventricular manometry, multiple regression analysis showed that TRmax, average e', e'lat, LAVI were independently correlated with the actual measured LVEDP. Echocardiography can recognize the increase of LVEDP in patients with heart failure preserved by LVEF, and estimate the value of LVEDP roughly, which can reflect LVEDP to a certain extent, with high feasibility and accuracy.


Protein kinase C ( PKC) is a calcium/phosphorus-dependent protein kinase. It exists in almost all cells. In normal condition, PKC exists in cytoplasm almost inactively. When it i s stimulated by the enviroment, translocation and activation may occur and thus exerts its functions. Some recent studies have found that PKC plays an important role in cerebral vasospasm after cerebral ischemic injury and subarachnoid hemo rrhage.

Key words:
protein kinase C; cerebral ischemia; subarachnoid hemorrhage; vasospasam


The 19 September 1985 Michoacan, Mexico earthquake (M W 8.0) and the 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile earthquake (M W 8.3) were mega thrust earthquakes occurred under continental areas, and a number of seismic records were observed above the source regions. We estimated source spectra, Q value and site amplification factors by spectral inversion analysis. Based on the source spectra, we estimated the short-period amplitude level and the stress drop. The stress drop slightly showed focal depth dependency although the variation was large. The estimated short-period level of the 1985 Mexico earthquake is half of the level obtained from the conventional study, whereas that of the 2015 Chile earthquake corresponds to the average level.


Foreword by Professor Lambros Comitas Preface Notes to the User The Physical Setting The Human Element The Cultural Environment The Economic Factor The Geopolitical Influence The Historical Background Description and Commentaries Bibliographies Philately Addendum Author Index Magazine Index Addendum Author Index Addendum Magazine Index


In an ever changing society of the 21st century, there is a
demand to equip students with meta competences going
beyond cognitive knowledge. Education, therefore, needs
a transition from transferring knowledge to developing
individual potentials with the help of constructivist learning.
Advantages of constructivist learning, and criteria for its
realisation have been well-determined through theoretical
findings in pedagogy (Reich 2008, de Corte, OECD
2010). However, the practical implementation leaves a lot
to be desired (Gardner 2010, Wagner 2011). Knowledge
acquisition is still fragmented into isolated subjects. Lesson
layouts are not efficiently designed to help teachers
execute a holistic and interdisciplinary learning. As is
shown in this paper, teachers are having negative
classroom experience with project work or interdisciplinary
teaching, due to a constant feeling of uncertainty and
chaos, as well as lack of a process to follow. We therefore
conclude: there is a missing link between theoretical
findings and demands by pedagogy science and its
practical implementation. We claim that, Design Thinking
as a team-based learning process offers teachers support
towards practice-oriented and holistic modes of
constructivist learning in projects. Our case study confirms
an improvement of classroom experience for teacher and
student alike when using Design Thinking. This leads to a
positive attitude towards constructivist learning and an
increase of its implementation in education. The ultimate
goal of this paper is to prove that Design Thinking gets
teachers empowered to facilitate constructivist learning in
order to foster 21st century skills.


At Encompass Tutorial Services, we specialize in students who have executive functioning deficiencies related to ADD, learning disabilities, anxiety ...


From the perspective of human resources management, this survey discusses the correlations between job burnout in college teachers and school environment by means of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and School Environmental Scale, in which 416 college teachers are involved. The findings indicate the status of job burnout in college teachers is not severe according to theoretical value, but as for the dimension of "emotion exhaustion", the subjects get a higher score with the implicit feature. Generally speaking, college teachers have a comparatively low opinion of their school environment, in which the material conditions are considered the most unsatisfactory. Negative correlations exist between each environmental factor and each job burnout factor, and except the material conditions, all the other factors of school environment have significantly negative correlations with the total score of job burnout in college teachers (p<0.01). Moreover, "interpersonal relationships" and "influence of the president" play the role of predicting teachers' job burnout. Based on the empirical evidence above, the author further puts forward some management strategies and countermeasures concerning the job design, performance evaluation, excitation mechanism, management system, and organizational climate, so as to relieve the job burnout in college teachers.


It was found out that today in all developed countries of the world, in particular in the USA, large-scale work on preventive activities is carried out at the state level. The authorized bodies develop perspective programs and create specialized units that implement these projects in practice. World practice on crime prevention is implemented through practical application after being established in the relevant regulatory and legal acts. It was emphasized that in Ukraine, representatives of all types of law enforcement activities develop certain methods and measures to combat crime at the level of their own competence. Of course, there are national and regional programs, but specific bodies and their divisions have considerable freedom of action regarding the direction of professional implementation. This approach has positive points and some caveats. Guided by national programs, representatives of a specific law enforcement branch can determine on the ground the main "risk zones" and the contingent of citizens with whom it is expedient to work more intensively. The point of concern is that all services and units need to act in a coordinated manner so that preventive work is carried out in a planned manner and covers all areas of the population without gaps and duplication of measures. It is noted that the introduction of grant programs is a powerful factor for the full implementation of preventive measures to prevent crime. Each grant program provides for a specific direction of implementation of measures that will ensure work with the target audience based on a certain set of methods. Programs for work with minors are, as a rule, educational, those that cover the population in general - legal education, work with the elderly is aimed at familiarization with social guarantees and opportunities, in particular, with regard to inheritance law, lifetime maintenance contracts, etc. Attention is focused on the importance of conducting preventive work with persons released from prisons in the context of their resocialization. Such persons need psychological and material support in order not to commit crimes due to the rejection of them by society, because many of them claim that it is easier for them to be in places of deprivation of liberty than in a prejudiced environment, when it is difficult to get a job, to restore lost social connections ties, etc.


Objective To assess the clinical benefit of cryosurgery for patients with colorectal liver metastases who were not suitable for re-resection.Methods Six-eight patients with liver metastases following surgical resection of colorectal cancer were divided into Group A(with cryosurgery) and Group B(without cryosurgery).The differences of 2-year survival,reduction of tumor load,and quality of life between two groups were compared.Results The 2-year survival rate,Changes in serum CEA value and necrosis or volume reduction of lesion for group A and group B were 71.88% vs 51.61%,57.14% vs 22.22%,and 62.5% vs 22.6%,respectively.The difference was significant,and P values were 0.048,0.049,and 0.002,respectively.Conclusion Cryosurgery is a new reliable minimally-invasive and relatively-safe method for treating colorectal liver metastases.As for patients with liver metastases of advanced colorectal cancer who have no chances of surgery,cryosurgery in combination with chemotherapy is an effective,comprehensive treatment modality.


Based on the inductive analysis of mined-out area features in gypsum mine,and considering the present monitoring methods of mined-out area,appropriate monitoring methods of mined-out area in gypsum mine are selected.Considering the different degree of mined-out area stability in gypsum mine,monitoring point's arrangement of the online automatic monitoring system and artificial monitoring system is explained,and specific analytical study of monitoring system arrangement is made at the same time.In addition,rational advices are given to the monitoring system's application in mined-out area of gypsum mine.The research result can give great reference to the selection and application of the monitoring system in mined-out area of gypsum mine,and it has some benefits to the wide use of monitoring system in productive practice of gypsum mine.


When, as a consequence of gravitational wave radiation, the lighter of two massive orbiting white dwarfs fills its Roche lobe for the first time, a mass transfer rate typically in excess of 0.0001 solar mass/yr is expected. It is shown here explicitly that the response of the accreting white dwarf is to swell beyond its own Roche lobe. A common envelope must therefore form. It is estimated that true contact between the degenerate cores will be established after less than 0.05 solar mass of material is lost from the system. Evolution to contact is estimated to occur in a time which is long compared with the orbital period when Roche lobe contact is first established but short compared with both the initial mass transfer time scale and the time for a possible carbon burning front ignited near the surface to reach the center. After surface contact is established, a true dynamical coalescence occurs and, if the mass of the merged object exceeds the Chandrasekhar mass for a cold nonrotating white dwarf, carbon may ignite sufficiently deep in the interior for a star-disrupting explosion of supernova proportions to result. 52 references.


Through analyzing the key factors in the structure design of pavement, the module of subgrade?the depth of base and the module of base should be considered chiefly. And making use of orthogonal method, the influence on pavement performance of these key factors could be known. The results show that: the module of subgrade and the depth of base have important influence on pavement performance, while the module of base has little influence. The fitting value of module of subgrade is between 50 and 100 MPa, and the fitting value of base depth is 20cm.


Nowadays, digital technologies influence all sectors of the economy with increasing level of introducing of modern methods of data analysis and mathematical modeling in economics and business. Complex mathematical models are developed to predict socio-economic indicators and implemented in specialized information systems.
The article describes a system of hybrid models 'SGM Horizon' as intellectual forecasting information system. The system of forecasting models includes a set of regression models and an expandable set of intelligent models, including artificial neural networks, decision trees, etc. Regression models include systems of regression equations that describe the behavior of forecast indicators of the development of the Russian economy in the system of national accounts. The functioning of the system of equations is determined by scenario conditions set by expert. For those indicators whose forecasts do not meet the requirements of quality and accuracy, intelligent models based on machine learning are used.
Using the 'SGM Horizon' tools, predictive calculations were performed for a system of 150 indicators of the social sphere of the Russian Federation using hybrid models, and for 20 indicators a significant increase in the quality and accuracy of the forecast was achieved with artificial neural network models and models of regression decision trees.
The process of models building requires considerable time: the expert must conduct numerous machine experiments with various types of models and set manually configuration parameters. In this regard, the authors see the further development of the system in the application of the multi-criteria ranking method for fuzzy objects when choosing a model, which will allow using alternative criteria to select alternative forecasting models. An scheme for the functioning of the developed system is proposed.
The forecasting system 'SGM Horizon' is used in the educational process of training masters in their projecting and research work.


The present invention discloses a wide angle photographic lens, the object side to the image side along the optical axis, comprises a first lens of a negative refractive power, a second lens having a positive refractive power, a third lens, a the fourth lens having a positive refractive power, a negative refractive power of the fifth lens and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power. Wherein the object side surface of the first lens is a convex surface, a concave image side surface. Object side of the second lens is a concave surface, a convex image side. By adjusting the relative relationship between the lens and can provide sufficient angle of view and correct aberrations to obtain good image quality.


The concept of the algebraic straightway among the states of genetic algorithms (GA) is proposed based on the based on the algebraic model of GA by using the elementary matrix and the elementary transformation of matrix. The algebraic straightway of the operators including crossover, mutation, selection and holding the elitist is analyzed. The algebraic straightway of GA′s state space is developed. The algebraic foundations for the operations of reversion and degeneration are also given.


Isaacs syndrome is a rThTare acquired neuromuscular disorder characterized by peripheral nerve hyperexcitability. Symptoms involve progressive muscle pain, stiffness, and notable continuous diffuse myokymic muscle-twitching clinically consistent with neuromyotonia. There can be associated weakness, hyporeflexia, numbness, dysesthesias, and hyperhidrosis. Isaacs syndrome generally presents between ages 25–60, more commonly in men. Etiologies include autoimmune, often paraneoplastic, syndromes, typically associated with malignant thymic carcinomas. Therapeutic management involves treating the underlining malignancy, as well as using immune-mediated therapies including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and rituximab. The long-term prognosis for patients with Isaacs syndrome varies, generally dependent on the underlying cause. While Isaacs syndrome is a chronic condition without a cure, it is generally treatable and not fatal.


cates embraced a contradictory range of propositions combining concern with maternal health and racist politics, for instance these contradictions are rarely probed. I fmd this difficult given the currency of analyses which regard as feminist initiative anything concerned with women's experience. McLaren and McLaren are certainly much more sophisticated than this, but they seem to pass up several opportunities to explore the contradictions of reproductive politics. Second, while the book is about &dquo;the bedroom,&dquo; to a certain extent, it has very little to do with &dquo;the state.&dquo; State policy is mentioned only in its absence. I think this is


The purpose of this case study was to suggest some coachings through the analysis of relationship between the ball toss and the whole body motion variability observed during the tennis serve. Comparing the standard deviation (SD) of impact location for each serve (flat serve, slice serve, and kick serve), in Y-axis direction (forward/backward), SD of flat serve was larger than slice and kick serve. To correspond such variability, subjects i) moved along the direction of variability, ii) did NOT adjust the trunk joint motion. The small angular motion of proximal segments, such as the trunk and upper arm, significantly affect the impact location. Therefore we encouraged players to use the translational motion of upper trunk to adjust the variability.


Understanding drug effects on the heart is key to safety pharmacology assessment and anti‐arrhythmic therapy development. Here our goal is to demonstrate the ability of computational models to simulate the effect of drug action on the electrical activity of the heart, at the level of the ion‐channel, cell, heart and ECG body surface potential.


This paper briefly describes some of the content of coal mine safety and program evaluation,and puts forward some views on the carry out of coal mine safety issues at this stage,through the discussion of coalmine safety evaluation work,gives corresponding countermeasures.For the safety evaluation of rating agencies to improve coal mine safety standards,and promote the healthy development of safety evaluation.


A control scheme for large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) wherein direct control is effected therewith over the temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) and wherein independent control is effected therewith over the final superheat steam temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB) as well as over the final reheat steam temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generators (CFB).


In the construction control of suspension bridges, the temperature of the border points of the cross sections of main cables under single cable condition needs to be measured, hereby attaining the average temperature of main cables. Proceeding from thermal conduction equation, the temperature distribution of the cross sections of main cables consisting of steel wires and gaps is studied in this paper. Following this a practical method is presented for calculating the average temperature of the cross sections of main cables. The calculated results from a given example are compared with the measured ones from experiments, and the method is indicated to have good accuracy.


The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current image of the Ceska Třebova from the point of view of its inhabitants. Other objectives include a description of basic theoretical concepts, a city introduction, a questionnaire survey among residents and city representatives, as well as recommendations and suggestions for improving the image of the city. In the first part, the thesis focuses on the theoretical knowledge about public relations, image and communication. The theoretical part follows the practical part, which deals with internal analysis of the town of Ceska Třebova. Another part presents the results of the questionnaire survey, which focuses on the image of the Ceska Třebova.


Margaret Thatcher's recent death signalled the passing of a key figurehead of our current phase of globalisation - how were her ideas shaped and what forces came together to create 'Thatcherism' in the UK?


The problem of channel coding with the erasure option is revisited for discrete memoryless channels. The interplay between the code rate, the undetected and total error probabilities is characterized. Using the information spectrum method, a sequence of codes of increasing blocklengths n is designed to illustrate this tradeoff. Furthermore, for additive discrete memoryless channels, the ensemble performance of a sequence of random codes is also analyzed to demonstrate the optimality of the above-mentioned codes. The tradeoff between the code rate, undetected and total errors as well as the threshold in a generalized likelihood ratio test is characterized asymptotically. In particular, the code rate tends to the capacity of the channel at a rate slower than n-1/2 corresponding to the moderate deviations regime. In this case, both error probabilities decay subexponentially and asymmetrically. The precise decay rates are characterized. The proof techniques involve applications of a modified (or "shifted") version of the Gärtner-Ellis theorem and the type class enumerator method to characterize the asymptotic behavior of a sequence of cumulant generating functions.


The memory of the former asylum in Palermo has a future. The reuse of the complex can reveal to the urban community the everyday life of who was called "mad" but also of the monuments, underground paradises, other historical traces, and a new permeability of the urban paths. The project for the Vignicella Palace, elaborated, among others, in a PRIN research (Program of Research of National Interest) is, rather than a solution, an exploration of the potential of the complex and a contribution to the knowledge of its architectural principles.


Oil-lubricated hydrodynamic bearing is a typical support for motorized spindle. However, motorized spindle supported by the oil-lubricated hydrodynamic bearing has disadvantages regarding high temperature rise and low rotational speed. To overcome this problem, this technical brief proposes novel water-lubricated hydrodynamic spiral groove bearings for the motorized spindle. A rotor-bearing static model for the motorized spindle was established considering the external loads and the tilting effect of bearings. An experimental prototype for the motorized spindle was developed, and the theoretical calculation and the experimental research on the bearing static characteristics were carried out. The result shows that the water-lubricated hydrodynamic spiral groove bearings have significant advantages in terms of low temperature rise, good high-speed performance and moderate spindle stiffness, together with the inherent low manufacture cost and high rotation accuracy of the bearings, the proposed bearings can be a potential alternative to the fluid bearing for the high-speed motorized spindle.


A machine-readable and lasting marking of textiles with a transponder, which is assigned to the textile (7) to be marked and contains a memory in which information concerning the proper treatment of the textile (7) by a home appliance, should be as simple as possible for the user. To this end, the transponder is comprised of a memory support (1) and of a fixing element (2) that are joined to one another in a positive and/or non-positive manner. The joining process produces a firm and lasting connection to the material of the textile (7).


The main objective of this study is to improve toughness and hardness of engineering material by changing the machining parameters of turning process. By applying Taguchi method the quality of manufactured goods, and engineering designs are developed by studying variations. In this work, an attempt has been made to solve the correlated multiple criteria optimization problem of turning process by considering three different process parameters viz. cutting-speed, feed and depth of cut.. Grey Relational Analysis has been adopted to convert multiple objectives of the optimization problem into a single objective function, denoted as Grey Relational Grade. The overall Grey Relational Grade has been optimized by using Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been conducted for Grey relational grade (GRG) to find the optimal process parameters. Signal to Noise (S/N) Ratio has been found for GRG to find the optimal levels of the process parameters. Finally a conformation test has been made for three different materials and the results have been plotted. Keywords: Turning, Optimization, Grey-Taguchi and ANOVA


Abstract Using a new polynomial regression criterion, the authors investigated empirically the short-term reliability of infants' visual habituation measures. Twenty-one 5-month-old infants were tested twice with a 1-day interval. Results revealed many reliable habituation measures, a reliable reaction to novelty measure, and a new reliable measure of interest. The 2nd-order polynomial regression criterion probably produced this improvement because it uses all of the available looking time data.


Three kinds of octylthiazole-based polymer donors were developed for fullerene-free organic solar cells and sizable crystallinity without molecular aggregation is critical to improving the efficiency and the thermal stability of the devices.


Chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity etc. now account for 60% of all recorded deaths globally. Physical inactivity and an unbalanced diet are important risk factors in the etiology of these diseases [1-3]. The level or extent of recommended physical activity to attain health benefits is currently recommended by WHO as 150 minutes (moderate activity) or 75 minutes (high intensity activity) in a week. Understanding how physical activity improves the health conditions of an individual is a challenging and daunting task but in the last decade due to the advancement of molecular tools especially Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) we now seem to be closer to such understanding [4,5]. An important part of this new understanding is supported by the fact that we can now characterize our gut microbiome as heathier or less healthy according to microbial population profiles through NGS (through metagenomics analysis). Through various human prospective and retrospective studies it has been shown that exercise affects the gut microbiome composition and ultimately it's metabolic profile and hence shifts the microbiome towards a healthier microbial profile. In spite of the great interindividual variation in the composition of gut microbiota its now seems clear that lowering the species diversity is associated with negative health effects while, surprisingly, physical exercise seems to supportan increase in the diversity of the gut microbiome, thereby modulating it towards a healthier profile and exerts more beneficial effects by as well [6].


This paper is based on the foundation of those analyses of environmental state of regional agricultural resource. Though adjusting original ecological agriculture structures and though determining the nature and analyses and calculates with the ration synthetically, three kinds of mains mode of ecological agriculture, i.e, the type that disposes total arrangement, three-dimensional utilizing type and live together intergrowth type are seleced from the multiple. It is accorded with the reality of the area, and has guiding significance in building and studying regional ecological agriculture.


This article discusses methods for determining the genetic polymorphism of malaria mosquitoes of the Anopheles maculipennis complex. AN identification of similar species of the maculipennis complex was carried out by the PCR-RFLP method using the second internal transcribed spacer of the ITS2 ribosomal gene cluster. Based on the analysis of the ITS2 rDNA sequence, new Palearctic species were discovered in this collection: An. persiensis (Sedaghatetal., 2003), An. daciae (Nicolescu et al., 2004) and An. artemievi (Gordeev et al., 2004). Previously, a cytogenetic method was used on the territory of Kazakhstan, which included chromosomal polymorphism. It is found in the south of the range of this species (Stegny, 1991; Gordeev and Sibataev, 1996). In populations of malarial mosquitoes of An. messeae of Kazakhstan, new chromosomal inversions have been identified that are not characteristic of this region (Abylkasymova et al., 2019). There is also provided some information about the bioecology and harmful nature of Anopheles messeae mosquitoes. Bloodsucking mosquitoes of the Anopheles maculipennis complex are of great scientific and practical interest since they are known as active bloodsuckers and carriers of pathogens of a number of dangerous human and animal diseases. Based on their own research and literature data, were collected materials on the biology and ecology of Anopheles messeae mosquitoes of the Irtysh River basin. Data on the prevalence and landscape location of mosquitoes in the Maculipennis complex, there are presented seasonal dynamics and daily rhythm of abundance, and harmful value.


In a competitive electricity market, forward contracts can be used as an effective instrument for risk management and bilateral transaction. Two kinds of forward contracts, namely contracts between consumers and utilities, and contracts between independent power producers (IPP) and utilities, are considered. Decision--making models are developed for trading these contracts before delivery. Some practically meaningful conclusions are derived from theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.


This paper describes the role of requirements discovery during the testing of a safety-critical software system. Analysis of problem reports generated by the integration and system testing of an embedded, safety-critical software system identified four common mechanisms for requirements discovery and resolution during testing: (1) Incomplete requirements, resolved by changes to the software, (2) Unexpected requirements interactions, resolved by changes to the operational procedures, (3) Requirements confusion by the testers, resolved by changes to the documentation, and (4) Requirements confusion by the testers, resolved by a determination that no change was needed The experience reported here confirms that requirements discovery during testing is frequently due to communication difficulties and subtle interface issues. The results also suggest that "false positive" problem reports from testing (in which the software behaves correctly but unexpectedly) provide a rich source of requirements information that can be used to reduce operational anomalies in critical systems.


ObjectiveEstablish a stable cell line to produce human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(hGM-CSF) with high level expression in order to reduce production cost.MethodsAmplify GM-CSF cDNA with RT-PCR method;Transfect gene into L1/2 cell line by electroporation;Identify gene products by Western Blotting,ELISA and biological assay.ResultsHuman GM-CSF cDNA expression vector was prepared by inserting the hGM-CSF cDNA into pcDNA3.1A.Stable cell line expressing human GM-CSF was established by transfecting L1/2 cells with electroporation,following by G418 selection.The gene product was identified to have biological activity.The average yield of hGM-CSF was 850 ng/10~6 cell.ConclusionThe established cell line can highly-productive express of hGM-CSF with biological activity.


(54) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR (22) PCT Filed: Jul. 11, 2002 AUTOMATICALLY CHANGING ADIGITAL CONTENT ON A MOBILE DEVICE (86). PCT No.: PCT/B02/02724 ACCORDING TO SENSOR DATA Publication Classification (76) Inventors: Udo Gortz, Bochum (DE); Knut Haberland-Schlosser, Bochum (DE); (51) Int. Cl. Klaus Rateitschek, Bochum (DE); G08B I/00 (2006.01) Wolfgang Theimer, Bochum (DE); H05K II/00 (2006.01) Peter Weingart, Bochum (DE); Reza GSB 3/00 (2006.01) Serafat, Bochum (DE); Matthias Luck, (52) U.S. Cl. ....................... 340/531; 340/691.1; 455/344 Bhum (DE); Jakke Makela, Turku (57) ABSTRACT (FI) Disclosed is a method for handling and generating and Correspondence Address: editing of digital documents or digital contents on mobile WARE FRESSOLAVANDER SLUYS & electronic devices in accordance with sensor data perceived. ADOLPHSON, LLP The method comprises the reception of sensor data or the BRADFORD GREEN BUILDINGS monitoring of sensors, and the generation of said digital 755 MAIN STREET, PO BOX 224 content according to said perceived sensor data. It is further MONROE, CT 06468 (US) disclosed a mobile terminal and a network device disclosed that are capable of handling a digital content according to the (21) Appl. No.: 10/517,250 above mentioned methods.


Abstract Objective Acoustic Change Complex (ACC) is a cortical auditory evoked potential elicited in response to a change in an ongoing sound. Since it is supposed to reflect auditory discrimination at the cortical level, recording of this potential has recently gained much attention. From a technical standpoint, the stimulus used should be long enough to accommodate the needed change. This research addresses the development and standardization of short duration tonal stimuli which can be implemented in most of the Evoked Potential (EP) equipment used in regular Audiology clinics. Methods Short duration tonal stimuli (500 msec.) were generated and edited using Audacity software. Temporal change was done using gap-in-tones stimuli (6, 10, 30 and 50 msec. in 1000 Hz tone). Frequency change was represented by frequency pairs (2%, 4%, 10% and 25% change from 1000 Hz base frequency). The developed stimuli were then used to generate ACC potential in 41 normal hearing children ranging in age from 2 to 10 years. A comparison was held between ACC response recorded using the different stimuli in reference to percent identifiability, morphology, latency and amplitude measures. Results Gap-in-tones at 10 msec. and 4% frequency change could elicit ACC response in 100% of subjects. ACC had the same morphology of the onset response in the majority of subjects, with longer latency and smaller amplitude. ACC amplitude was consistently affected by magnitude of change. Conclusion ACC was successfully recorded in 100% of normal hearing children using the developed short duration tonal stimuli for temporal change (10 msec.) and frequency change (4%). These stimuli can be uploaded in clinical EP equipment. ACC amplitude could be a better indicator of cortical discrimination compared to latency.


The gap probability generating function has as its coefficients the probability of an interval containing exactly $k$ eigenvalues. For scaled random matrices with orthogonal symmetry, and the interval at the hard or soft spectrum edge, the gap probability generating functions have the special property that they can be evaluated in terms of Painlev\'e transcendents. The derivation of these results makes use of formulas for the same generating function in certain scaled, superimposed ensembles expressed in terms of its correlation functions. It is shown that by a judicious choice of the superimposed ensembles, the scaled limit necessary to derive these formulas can be rigorously justified by a straight forward analysis.


In a ballast for operating one of a high-pressure sodium-vapor and a mercury-vapor lamp from a source of electric power, the ballast has a first one of a condenser and an inductor connected to be in series between the lamp and the source of electric power. A second of the one of the condenser and inductor is connected in a path that is connected in parallel with the first one of the condenser and inductor. A timer is connected to the source of electric power and a relay is in path for closing the path, the timer providing a predetermined time only to the relay for opening the path, whereby the electric power consumed by the ballast for operating the lamp is reduced when the relay has opened the path.


Presented in the "Critique of Pure Reason" transcendental philosophy is the first theory of science, which seeks to identify and study the conditions of the possibility of cognition. Thus, Kant carries out a shift to the study of 'mode of our cognition' and TP is a method, where transcendental argumentation acts as its essential basis. The article is devoted to the analysis of the transcendental arguments. In § 2 the background of ТА — transcendental method of Antiquity and Leibniz's Principle of Sufficient Reason — are analyzed and their comparison with ТА is given. § 3 is devoted to the analysis of TA in the broad and narrow senses; a formal propositional and presupposition models are proposed. In § 4 I discuss the difference between TA and metaphysics' modes of reasoning. It analyzes the Kant's main limitations of the use TA shows its connection with the Modern Age and contemporary science.


Recent advancements in embedded technologies, pervasive computing, and ubiquitous connectivity have revolutionized our daily lives, making them safe, efficient and convenient as never before. These evolving technologies have not only transformed our workplaces but are also reshaping our living habits, including the way we communicate, travel, learn, and relax. In the field of transportation alone, a huge influx of highly-connected, situation-aware and even self-driving vehicles has been observed recently, thus revamping existing automobiles into smarter, automated and safer vehicular networks. This exponential rise in vehicular connectivity has introduced new terminologies such as Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), aiming towards road-safety, smart traffic management, and real-time information/incident sharing. However, these highly-connected vehicles have also introduced several novel security and safety threats both to the hosts and associated assets, inducing serious even life-threatening consequences. Compromise of location privacy and vehicular identity is one of such serious threats, which may be exploited by an adversary to launch sophisticated attacks including stalking, identity theft/manipulation or even tracking and sabotaging of VIP moves. Such threat vectors primarily exploit subtle vulnerabilities in resource-constrained communication protocols being deployed for vehicular connectivity as well as improper security configurations of associated systems. The threats can be countered by placement of robust network security techniques suiting the VANET environment. This survey paper aims to probe into these vulnerabilities of vehicular networks, classify associated security and safety threats, and ultimately asses various countermeasures to safeguard against privacy-breach situations. Besides presenting a holistic overview of emerging threats in vehicular networks, the paper critically analyzes some of the recent approaches (2008-2018) to safeguard against location privacy threats with reference to a range of operational and security considerations.


The Mental Health Continuum - Short Form is the most widely used self-report questionnaire for assessing the positive mental health of an individual. This 14 item containing questionnaire has been revised since studies showed that participants had problems in understanding the items. This study aimed to validate this revised version by investigating psychometric properties, through the use of a cross-sectional, online study, in which the researcher looks at the factorial structure, internal consistency, and convergent/divergent validity of the revised and original Mental Health Continuum - Short Form.


Prepolymer, which can be polymerized by a photo, has been infiltrated into a porous ceramic to improve the addition effect of polymer into the ceramic, as a function of the functionality of prepolymer. It induces the increase in the mechanical properties of the ceramic. The porous alumina (Al2O3) and the polyurethane acrylate (PUA) with a network structure by photopolymerization were used as thematrix and infiltrationmaterials, respectively. The porous Al2O3 matrix without the polymer shows lower values in fracture strength than the composites, since the stress is transmitted more quickly via propagation of cracks from intrinsic defects in the porous matrix. However, in the case of composites, the distribution of stress between heterophases results in the improved mechanical properties. In addition, the mechanical properties of composites, such as elastic modulus and fracture strength, are enhanced with increasing the functionality of prepolymer attributed to the crosslinking density of polymer.


The aim of this paper was to describe a case of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a pediatric patient with a PRF1 homozygous mutation. An 8-year-old boy diagnosed with HLH was in remission after undergoing nonspecific treatment; however, merely 2 months later, he was presented at our hospital with a relapse of HLH. His genetic analysis showed that he had a homozygous mutation c.1066C>T in the PRF1 gene. Timely distinction of primary HLH from secondary HLH is critical.


Based on the requirements of project assignment, the paper firstly introduces the needs for principle prototype, and its overall technical solutions, assignment analysis and requirement index. Then it elaborates key technical solutions, prototype technical plan, as well as project design and production of its components, besides, we also developed testing device for debugging and testing needs, when the components design is completed, we conducted components alignment and testing, overall testing, obtaining noise squeezing degree (dB)of quantum squeezed field by principle prototype ≥ 6.4 dB, and the resolution higher than 0.2 mm @ 0.5m. We met the index requirements of principle prototype and realized high resolution imaging, providing significant basis for the following relative projects and for the development of new remote sensing technology with high performance.


This study highlighted the main stages of the formation and development of surgery of bile ducts by the scientific school of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Professor Sergey Petrovich Fedorov. The current state of this area of surgery and its prospects are also considered. The works of S.P. Fedorov and his students opened a new page in surgery of that time: surgical treatment of patients with liver and biliary tract diseases. The results of research of the last three decades are the subject of particular pride in the successful continuation of the work of the founder of hepatobiliary surgery in our country. The scientific search and relay of the achievements of the scientific school of Professor S.P. Fedorov were performed in numerous publications, such as in periodicals, monographs, manuals, and speeches in our country and abroad, in a cumulated form, and this is presented in dissertations. In the study of the peculiarities of housing and communal services, both fundamental and applied aspects of solving this social problem of modern society are being developed. After the death of Sergey Petrovich, 17 candidate and 5 doctoral dissertations on the problems of biliary tract surgery were defended in the clinic of S.P. Fedorov Faculty of Surgery of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. After over the past years, more than 200 articles, four monographs and manuals were published, and many messages were made at scientific forums in our country and abroad.


Modern control systems are often based on multi- and many-core computer systems. Software applications in systems for control of complex objects are developed as multithreaded programs. One of the most relevant tasks in programming such systems is synchronizing of parallel threads. The most of existing synchronization tools for control systems use atomic operations. Atomic operations are implemented as atomic processor instructions at the hardware level and are used in the development of parallel programs (they are building blocks for thread locking and non-blocking data structures). The paper investigates the dependence of the influence of the cache coherence protocol and cache line locality on the efficiency of atomic operations. Benchmark has been developed that analyzes the dependence of throughput and latency of operations on the state and location of the cache line. These findings can be used in designing new and optimization of existing algorithms and software for control systems based on distributed computer systems.


The exposure of adults of reproductive age as well as of pregnant women and children to environmental contaminants is of particular concern, as it can impact fertility, in utero development, pregnancy outcomes and child health. Although worrying, this knowledge provides an opportunity to enforce interventions during these critical reproductive/developmental times, when they may have the greatest effect. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) and international societies advocate including Environmental Health (EH) in perinatal care.

 Our aim was to paint a picture of the current attitudes, representation, knowledge, and training expectations among Perinatal Health Professionals in south-eastern France.

 In 2017, a cross-sectional study was performed in a large panel of perinatal HPs. Quantitative and qualitative information was collected via auto-questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed by 962 participants, mainly midwives (41.1%), physicians (25.6%) and nursery nurses (11%). Indoor/outdoor air quality and endocrine disruptors were the best-mastered topics, whereas electromagnetic fields and diet gave rise to unsure responses. Overall, perinatal HPs were ill-trained and -informed about the reproductive risks linked to daily environmental exposure. HPs reported scarce knowledge, fear of patient reaction and lack of solutions as the main barriers to providing information regarding EH to the public.

 In South-eastern France perinatal Health Professionals are eager to incorporate EH in their current practice. Our findings highlight the need to set up EH training programs focused on scientific knowledge and to provide simple messages and tips to help perinatal HPs deliver advice to populations to mitigate exposure to environmental toxicants.

 In South-eastern France perinatal Health Professionals are eager to incorporate EH in their current practice but ask for training. We are currently providing training programs combining practical sessions as well as basic and advanced scientific training adapted to the demand of medical and non-medical professional groups.


A novel approach for developing a large area, high-spatial-resolution X-ray imaging detector is presented. This approach uses metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy grown thick single-crystal CdTe layers grown directly on Si substrates. The detector consists of a p-CdTe/n-CdTe/n+-Si heterojunction diode structure, where the n-CdTe and the p-CdTe layers are successively grown on the n+-Si substrate. An array of (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$128\times128$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) pixels was formed on the p-CdTe side, where each pixel is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$60~\mu \text{m}^{\textsf {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in an 80-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pixel pitch. The detector array was bump bonded to a charge integration-type CMOS readout ASIC. The basic performance of this detector was evaluated by measuring the dark currents, the X-ray generation currents as well as taking the X-ray images of some objects. The results were promising which confirmed that the detector developed can be applied in high spatial resolution X-ray imaging.


This paper critically reviews research into the cults of Mater Magna and Attis in Hispania, from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day, focusing on the processes underlying their establishment and on the agents that introduced them into the Iberian Peninsula. In contrast to the eager document collection and the Cumontian hermeneutics of the 'oriental' cults that have dominated historiography, the research questions posed here are tackled from the perspective of the new theoretical trends of individualization and agency. In concert with these, a new reading of the most ancient Metroac inscriptions from the the Iberian Peninsula is suggested.


Measurements that are used for passive location of emitting objects can be used individually, combined with multiple measurements of the same type, or combined with multiple measurements of different types. When measurements are combined, it is useful to understand how to develop the combination of measurements that is efficient and provides optimal location accuracy. Having graphical methods that allow the analyst to visualize individual measurements, and see how multiple measurements work together, is a useful capability in selecting the best combination of measurements and predicting performance. In this paper several methods developed in MATLAB® for graphical representation of common measurements used for passive location are presented and illustrated.


The aim of this study was to investigate the use of the Fenton oxidation process for treating leachate from a municipal solid waste landfill collected from Aradkooh site, Tehran, Iran. The focus of the study was to evaluate the process performance by COD removal efficiency. Results indicate that the optimum amounts of oxidation parameters in the Fenton process were as follows: oxidation pH = 4, H 2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio = 4—5, Fe2+ ion dosage = 11 200—19 600 mg L-1 and oxidation time = 20—30 min. In addition, the maximum amount of COD that it was possible to remove by the Fenton process was about 47% of the initial value (i.e. 35 000 mg L-1). This level of removal was achieved by using 19 600 mg of Fe2+ per litre of leachate with H2O2/Fe 2+ molar ratio of 4.5, for the following operational conditions: oxidation pH = 4; coagulation pH = 7.5; oxidation time = 100 min; coagulation time = 30 min. Furthermore, it was found that 90% of oxidation occurred during the first 20 min of the oxidation stage. All the experiments, except for oxidation time, were conducted in two rounds for better optimization.


The Internet is an increasingly important resource for health topics that allows looking for information, advice and instant support for a variety of applications and virtual services. In spite of the significant impact that it can have on the individuals and the fact that diverse studies have questioned the quality of the available information, little is known about the uses of the different sources posted online for health purposes. On the basis of the results of a survey carried out among students, an analysis of logistic regression find a relationship between Internet skills and the information searches for health purposes. At the same time, through a linear regression study, the predictive value of different web search topics about the kind of resources used online, taking into account the parent's age, gender and educational level, has been analyzed.


To implement fault-tolerant quantum computation with continuous variables, the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubit has been recognized as an important technological element. However,it is still challenging to experimentally generate the GKP qubit with the required squeezing level, 14.8 dB, of the existing fault-tolerant quantum computation. To reduce this requirement, we propose a high-threshold fault-tolerant quantum computation with GKP qubits using topologically protected measurement-based quantum computation with the surface code. By harnessing analog information contained in the GKP qubits, we apply analog quantum error correction to the surface code.Furthermore, we develop a method to prevent the squeezing level from decreasing during the construction of the large scale cluster states for the topologically protected measurement based quantum computation. We numerically show that the required squeezing level can be relaxed to less than 10 dB, which is within the reach of the current experimental technology. Hence, this work can considerably alleviate this experimental requirement and take a step closer to the realization of large scale quantum computation.


A decade ago, when the Santa Fe Institute was being organized, I coined a word for our principal area of research, a broad transdisciplinary subject covering aspects of simplicity and complexity as well as the properties of complex adaptive systems, including composite complex adaptive systems consisting of many adaptive agents. Unfortunately, I became discouraged about using the term after it met with a lukewarm response from a few of my colleagues. I comforted myself with the thought that perhaps a special name was unnecessary.


A cooperative spectrum-sensing problem has been considered here, in which a network of secondary users (SUs) assists a fusion centre (FC) in detecting the presence of a primary user (PU). Assuming communication links with unlimited capacity of the SUs and FC and known channel gains and noise variances, the optimal Neyman–Pearson detector is derived. Assuming limited capacity between the SUs and FC and unknown channel gains and noise variances, three different spectrum-sensing protocols have been studied; namely, amplify-and-forward (AF), compress-and-forward (CF) and detect-and-forward (DF), where each SU transmits an amplified or compressed version of its observed signal, or its local binary decision to the FC, respectively. The Edgeworth expansion is used to obtain novel expressions for the performance of these detectors. The theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the CF and OR detectors outperform the other proposed detectors. In addition, the simulation results show that the performance of the coded protocols (CF and DF) improves as the number of samples increases or as the noise variance at the SUs decreases, whereas such a behaviour cannot be guaranteed in the uncoded AF protocol.


Anthropocentrism and eco-centrism are the two complementary philosophies that are trying to offer an answer to the question "How can people continue their civilization on Earth without destroying both – the nature and themselves"? The crucial motivation for the study was to emphasize the necessity for a joint sustainability of naturemade and man-made systems, as five largest-in-population religions, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam, teach. Through comparative discussions, the study argues that sustainable development is a very plausible paradigm for obtaining a balance between both systems, maintainable over time and space. Basically, the concept of sustainable development itself is founded on three main criteria – knowledge, morality and timeliness which enable it to be a negative entropy mechanism securing planet Earth's survival. The objective of this Paper is to demonstrate that anthropocentrism and eco-centrism exhibit a certain degree of rigidity, one sidedness and (to an extent) inconsistency and to offer a possible alternative for survival and progress - the paradigm of sustainable development based on the unifying concept of the main religions.


In the U.S., firm owners operating as an S corporation may minimize the incurrence of employment tax by reducing compensation paid to shareholder-employees and increasing the amount of tax-free distributions from the firm. While the U.S. limits a taxpayer's ability to use this technique, many firm owners are still able to reduce employment tax expense to some degree. Using the U.S. Federal Reserve's 2003 Survey of Small Business Finances, we find that more sophisticated S corporation owners make use of this tax planning technique than their counterparts operating in C corporations.


The issues and features of heat transfer in the cylinder of a high-speed diesel engine of 4CHN 11,0/12,5 dimension when working on diesel and gas engine fuel (gas-diesel process) are considered. The spectral and integrated radiation characteristics of soot particles in the cylinder of the 4CHN 11,0/12,5 gas diesel engine were calculated depending on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft.


Life is all about relationships. Man is created as a social being inclined towards knowing and forging bonds and friendships with others. Hence, the Arabic word "insan", which means "human being, person and man", is derived from the verb "anisa" which means to be "affable", "sociable" and "friendly".
Moreover, man is created as Allah's vicegerent on earth. As such, every animate and inanimate creation has been subjected to him and his services in order to facilitate the execution of his noble terrestrial mission. Man thus naturally forms amiable and productive relationships with his surroundings. In fact, the quality of his stay on earth, as well as the implementation of his vicegerency mission, depends exclusively on the quality of the relationships in question. That also is the only valid measure of the quality -- or otherwise -- of his cultural and civilizational legacies.
As a result, man develops a variety of feelings, states and attitudes towards things and beings. They range from personal attachments to strong attractions, and from interpersonal affections to outright pleasures. Such feelings, states and attitudes can likewise morph into a virtue, signifying kindness and compassion, which, in turn, translate itself into a wide range of behavioural patterns towards fellow humans, animals and nature.
All those sentiments and moods are intrinsic to man and his primordial nature. However, consistent with his life purpose and design, man prefers and cultivates certain relationships more than others, and favours as well as fosters certain sentiments and moods over others.
It is here that true love begins.


The present work comprises the conceptualisation, design, development and validation of the software called "Jiaminchií", created to support educational processes in times of COVID-19 and the recovery of the Muniche language. The Muniches are an endangered indigenous Peruvian nation located in the province of Alto Amazonas in the Loreto region. The research group proposes as educational tools the use of mobile software applications to continue with the educational service in indigenous communities, which is a complex problem in Peru, considering the limitations and conditions generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The application has been conceptualised based on the basic contents for learning the Muniche language (review of the dictionary and other documentation), the community of Villa Muniche has been visited and the participation of one of the 3 speakers has been achieved through the generation of a sound bank based on the prioritised contents. The validation included a test group with children from indigenous communities. Two groups were formed, the first used the software and the second received the same contents using the traditional method. Among the most important results, it can be mentioned that the use of the "Jiaminchií" application in the education of the indigenous communities of Alto Amazonas overcomes a series of limitations typical of schools in the indigenous communities of the Peruvian Amazon.


Over the past five years, a transformation has been taking place within the ranks of the oil and gas companies investing in the UK North Sea. Charles Westwood, Founding Partner, Hannon Westwood, reports.


The aim of this research is to examine the impact of cash dividend announcement to the abnormal return in the period before announcement, at the announcement, and after the announcement. The sample of this research is publicly listed companies in the LQ-45 index from 2015 to 2016. Market model is chosen to calculate the abnormal return. To test whether abnormal return is significant or not, we use t-test, one tailed test, at 5% significance level. Results of this research shows that Indonesian stock market is still not efficient since the abnormal return is significant at day two, day four, and day five after the cash dividend announceme


l) Academic research on the economic and social structure of the Nile delta villages has beefi dealt with in pilot studies by J. Lozach, 'A. 'Amm~r and others.1 But, generally speaking, most of the research work carried out before the 1940's was restricted to a narrow area, such as the improvemeht of an irrigation system, a cotton farming project or a taxation system. After the 1940's; the peasant or rural problem became of greater concern : not only on academic but also practical levels since it was connected with the determination of the peasant status within the framework of the Egyptian society itself. This was not easy because of the troubles caused by the agricultural crisis of the 1930's. Important reform programmes were proposed about this time, among which the propo~al "by Mr Khattab was th,e most distinguished one. The Agrarian Reform initiated in 1952 has been a factor Which has finally attracted attention to these pressing agricultural problems.2 As yet we do not have sufficient reliable data based on actual field work, especially that dealing with ~he liririted area, to arrive at a real understanding of how far the Agrarian Reform has been effective in


: In this study, it was to design to find out the influence of yogasana training on selected resting pulse rate and muscular endurance. For this purpose, thirty male students studying in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Annamalai University were selected as subjects and they were divided into two equal group of fifteen each. Each group consisted of the fifteen subjects. Group I underwent yogasana practice for five days per week for eight weeks and Group II acted as control group who did not participate in any special training apart from their regular curricular activities. The subjects were tested on selected criterion variables such as resting pulse rate and muscular endurance at prior to and immediately after the training period. The selected criterion variables such as resting pulse rate was measured by counting the pulse at resting condition for one minute and muscular endurance was measured by sit-ups test. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant difference if any, between groups on each selected criterion variables separately. In all the cases, .05 level of confidence was fixed to test the significance, which was considered as an appropriate.