Tissue engineering is an exciting and rapidly evolving technology. In this review, we discuss the recent progress made in the field of urethral reconstruction and consider the clinical implications and further advancement of these endeavours.


Developing brown fields by horizontal drilling is one of the most valuable technologies employed nowadays since it can maximize matured field's benefits. Using re-entry horizontal wells in brown oil fields is essential for potential successful high oil recovery. The re-entry horizontal in this research was represented by a virtual horizontal well to study the potentials of producing from brown field reservoir. The simulation paradigm studied was Black oil with light oil type variation (32 ° API). This scenario was proposed to reproduce a possible real field situation, where more oil and less water was produced. This paper compared the anticipated cumulative recoveries of the existing vertical wells to that of re-entry horizontals well in brown fields and provide a simulation prediction results for the next 4 years (2018-2022). Based on the result of this study, oil recovery can be optimized using re-entry horizontal wells.


Drought is one of the main abiotic stress which affect the growth and yield of sunflower,in order to screen germplasm resources with drought resistance.The tolerance of 40 sunflower germplasms in seedling stage were identified by rewatering after drought.The results showed that nine germplasms were tolerant to drought,18 germplasms were moderate tolerant to drought and 13 germplasm were weak tolerant to drought.


BACKGROUND
The quality of life of breast cancer survivors who had a mastectomy may decrease due to potential physical problems and reduced upper extremity functions.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the physical characteristics, upper extremity functions and quality of life of breast cancer survivors and healthy women.

METHODS
A total of 66 women participated in this study: breast cancer survivors (n= 33) and healthy counterparts (n= 33) participated in this study. The Lateral Scapular Dyskinesia Slide Test was used to evaluate scapular dyskinesia, the hand-held dynamometer was used to measure upper extremity muscular strength, the Angle Reproduction Test was used to measure upper extremity position sense, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire was used to assess upper extremity functions, and the Short Form-36 was used to assess the quality of life.

RESULTS
The findings showed that the prevalence of scapular dyskinesia, upper extremity muscle strength, shoulder joint position sense, and upper extremity functions were higher. Many sub-dimensions of quality of life reduced in breast cancer survivor women compared to the healthy women (p< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Several physical characteristics, upper extremity functions and quality of life of breast cancer survivor women who had a mastectomy were affected more in comparison to healthy women. Thus, these parameters should be included in physiotherapy assessment and treatment programs.


A distributed SWAT model was introduced and applied in Xiangjiang basin. To construct the database of SWAT, those data, including DEM, land use, soil and hydro-meteorology have been collected, transformed and analyzed. The sensitive analysis of parameters, as well as their calibration and validation, was carried out in five sub-basins, by using the daily rainfall and runoff data from 1991 to 2005. The result shows that among these parameters, the alpha coefficient and Manning coefficient have high sensitivity in the five regions when the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (Ens) was the objective function. During the validation period from 2001 to 2005, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of five sub-basins in Xiangjiang basin are all over 0.6, and the coefficients of water balance in five sub-basins are all within 10%, which shows that SWAT model has a good performance in simulating daily runoff in Xiangjiang basin.


Word embeddings have been demonstrated to benefit NLP tasks impressively. Yet, there is room for improvements in the vector representations, because current word embeddings typically contain unnecessary information, i.e., noise. We propose two novel models to improve word embeddings by unsupervised learning, in order to yield word denoising embeddings. The word denoising embeddings are obtained by strengthening salient information and weakening noise in the original word embeddings, based on a deep feed-forward neural network filter. Results from benchmark tasks show that the filtered word denoising embeddings outperform the original word embeddings.


This study aims to examine the independent variables of emotional intelligence, intellectual intelligence, spiritual intelligence, interest in learning and the availability of IT on the dependent variable of accounting understanding in online learning. The population in this study were students who were still active in the accounting study program until the class of 2022. While the sample used was 87 respondents. The primary data used is the results of questionnaire answers distributed via Google forms and secondary data in this study is student data obtained from the Academic Bureau of the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Jember. Before conducting the data analysis test in this study, the validity and reliability tests were carried out first and the classical assumption test was carried out. With the results of the study, the variables of emotional intelligence, intellectual intelligence, spiritual intelligence, interest in learning and the availability of IT in Partial and Simultaneous affect the understanding of accounting in learning from students of the accounting study program at the University of Muhammadiyah Jember.


Objective:To investigate the expression changes of proliferating and apoptotic related genes of anti-cancer bioactive peptide treated tumor-loaded nude mice.Methods:Gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 was inoculated to nude mice to make them tumor-loaded.Nude mice were divided into 3 groups randomly:11 as control group,12 as spleen peptide group and 11 as liver peptide group.3 groups of nude mice were administered with 0.4mL normal saline,0.4mL spleen peptide(0.15mg/mL)and 0.4mL liver peptide(0.05mg/mL)continuously for 35 days,respectively.Nude mice were executed after the administration finished 4 days later,tumors were taken out and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde,routine paraffin embedded and sliced into 4μm.Then,PCNA and Caspase-8 expression were detected using immunohistochemistry SABC method between experimental and control groups.Results:The expression of PCNA was relatively stronger in control group than those in experimental groups which showed significant difference(P0.01).While the expression of Caspase-8 was relatively weaker in control group than that in experimental groups and which showed significant difference(P0.01).Conclusion:Anti-cancer bioactive peptide can inhibit the proliferating activity of transplanted gastric cancer cells and promote cell apoptosis.


Cu-Co has been chosen as a model system to study phase formation during mechanical alloying in systems with components exhibiting a positive heat of mixing. Phase formation is monitored by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and calorimetric measurements. Although the occurrence of a single fcc Bragg pattern cannot definitely prove the alloy formation on an atomic scale, the quantitative agreement of the heat release upon decomposition of the alloy with the heat of mixing, calculated from the available thermodynamic data of the system, is regarded as clear evidence for the formation of an fcc solid solution. As a mechanism of alloy formation the dissolution of Cu and Co particles during milling is discussed. It is proposed that the formation of a homogeneous solid solution is energetically favored if the particle size is reduced below a critical value, which amounts to about 1\char21{}2 nm, depending on the composition of the alloy and the temperature. The driving force is provided by the chemical contribution of the Cu/Co interface enthalpy and by the high configurational entropy of the randomly distributed atoms in the solid solution.


Functional appliances have been used in orthodontics to correct different types of malocclusions. The primary objective of these appliances is to improve a dysmorphic relationship between the mandible and the maxilla. These appliances alter neuromuscular function in order to change form, even though; the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Nonetheless, it is believed that muscle function causes mechanical stress to the bone, which in tum adapts by changing its form. To understand the effects of muscle on bone form, changes in muscle must first be addressed. Eight New Zealand rabbits were divided into control and experimental groups. Groups were unequal in number with 5 rabbits in the experimental group and 3 rabbits in the control group. The experimental group received a prefabricated curved inclined plane (3 mm thick) made of non-precious metal cemented to the upper central incisors with a glass ionomer cement. Anterior protrusion ofthe mandible was achieved as the lower incisors slid forward along the inclined plane. The control animals received no intra-oral appliance. In addition, both groups received a plaster cast on one of the hind legs that maintained this muscle, the extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL), in the stretched position. Animals were sacrificed after 1 week. Muscle tissue samples were dissected and prepared for evaluation. Immuno-histochemical procedures were performed to evaluate changes in fiber composition on the masseter, lateral pterygoid, and EDL muscles. Data between the experimental and control groups was compared by means of an appropriate statistical test.


Ken Hillis, Michael Petit, and Kylie Jarrett Google and the Culture of Search. New York: Routledge, 2013. 240 pp.This book covers a wide theoretical and historical terrain within its limited length, offering a unique view of Google and what it calls "the culture of search." The authors in the Introduction lay out the argument that Google is a messianic-type leader of what it calls "the culture of search." It describes Google as "a nexus of power and knowledge newly constituted through extremely rapid changes in the social expectations and desires attending to them" (p. 6). Google has become more than an Internet search engine in the minds and hearts of its users, according to the authors:The firm's rise reflects and benefits from a generational-inflected growth in the perception that everything that matters is now on the Web and that almost everything is already archived in some online database and should, in the moral sense of this verb, be accessible through search. (p. 6)Although educators, as well as many over the age of thirty, would refute the latter claim, authors Hillis, Petit and Jarrett back up their position with reports on the statistical rate of use of Google, especially by users under age twenty-nine years (p. 6). In addition, other evidence is given including the listing in the Oxford English Dictionary that authorizes "to google" as a transitive verb meaning "to search for information about (a person or thing)" (p. 6).In Chapter 3, "Universal Libraries and "Thinking Machines," the authors state ". . . we offer a set of intellectual histories of the longstanding, Idealist desire for a universal library. We begin with the pre-1900 thoughts, desires, theories, and systems of belief that collectively inform contemporary search" (p. 77). Here the authors discuss intricacies of the 1939 essay "La Biblioteca Total" (The Total Library) by Jorge Luis Borges, the Judeo-Christian story of the Tower of Babel, the ancient Ptolemaic rulers' desire to develop a library collection encompassing languages and knowledge from all over the world (In 283 BCE at the beginning of the Ptolemy's II reign the library at Alexandria had collected 200,000 scrolls) and the ideas of 14th century philosopher Ramon Lull's "Thinking Machine." In Chapter 4, the authors draw more historical comparisons between contemporary search culture and the ideas propagated by philosopher H. G. Wells in his work World Brain (1938). Chapter 5 covers post-WWII efforts to develop ever-expanding electronic databases that utilize the ever-broadening information retrieval and search technologies, which the authors describe with "foci on the interplay among information, metaphysics and search" (p.124).Instructors of journalism, communication, and library and information science may find the aforementioned book as a whole unwieldy for classroom instruction, but may find chapters 1, 2, 6, and 7 useful for upper-level undergraduate classes or graduate seminars as a teaching tool to help "jump-start" thoughtful discussions and provide interesting insights into Google, as well as into "the culture of search" interpretation."Welcome to the Googleplex," chapter 1, outlines the entity of Google. Much of the book revolves around the Google trademark technology PageRank, "which underpins Google's search technologies [and] transformed the practice and conceptualizations of what it was to search the Web" (p. 3), but Google is more than the search algorithm. The authors ask, "What is Google?" Their answer is, "It is a technology firm, a media corporation, an automated ad agency, a platform, a financier of automated vehicles and alternative energy projects" (p. 30).Google founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page were early web adopters and emerged after studying as students at Stanford University. The company has been able to keep some of its do-it-yourself "California ideology" alongside commercialism and a forprofit motivation. The following conclusion is drawn:Google's revenue stream relies on an established economic model shared by broadcast mass media-the audience is the commodity sold to advertisers (Smyth 1981). …


Novel high-resolution top-down patterning techniques can be an alternative way to usual lithography fabrication methods for preparing arrays of quasi-identical thin ferromagnetic nanoelements. One reports essentially on the following techniques: (i) ion beam lithography, (ii) direct writing by scanning a Ga focused ion beam (FIB), (iii) film deposition on prepatterned templates. The physical origin of soft magnetic patterning by He or Ga ions in thin-film structures at low dose is discussed. All these techniques allow to prepare dense arrays of nanodots with negligible magnetic interaction that are among the best candidates for fabricating discrete perpendicular magnetic recording media with ultrahigh density. A review on advantages and limitations of studies of nanodot arrays is given. By increasing the Ga ion dose in narrow FIB lines separating ferromagnetic Pt/Co/Pt nanodots, the interdot magnetic interaction can be varied and controlled from exchange to dipolar. This gives the opportunity to study and analyze static and dynamic behavior of coupled macrospin assemblies.

Keywords:

Nanomagnetism;
patterning techniques;
nanomagnet arrays;
magneto-optics


In today's world the computer network communication increases the efficiency most of the organizations. Hence threats have been increased due to these online transactions/communications. These threats necessitate the researchers to improve the existing security protocols and /or develop the new ones. Authentication Protocols are one of the same which can provide the authentication, confidentiality & integrity. For checking the authenticity of messages exchange process in authentication protocols BAN logic is used. The Kerberos encrypt the information for authentications. Many organizations use it and it has five versions and versions 4 and 5 are latest. In one of over previous paper we have generalized the ticket exchange process of version 5. In this paper to make it more authenticated some modifications are proposed to both BAN and Kerberos and we defined them as R- Kerberos & RBAN. To achieve this, we have added participant's physical address (MAC Address) as it is unique to every network adapter and can be used as our secret key.


The disclosed melted-core retention structure comprises the following inside a reactor vessel (1) that contains a reactor core: a bottom support plate (6), in which vertically-penetrating channel holes are formed, that is provided beneath the core and supports the core; a bottom support plate support (7) that is affixed to the reactor vessel (1) and supports the bottom support plate (6); a thermally-insulating spacer (10); a reticulated heat path (9) that is affixed to the bottom support plate support (7) with the thermally-insulating spacer (10) interposed therebetween and contacts the bottom support plate (6); and a vertical heat path (8) that extends downwards from the reticulated heat path (9). The reticulated heat path (9) and the vertical heat path (8) have higher coefficients of thermal conductivity than the thermally-insulating spacer (10).


While the 'fear, honour and interest' trinity is immensely popular, it is also fallacious. Samuel Zilincik discusses how the trinity is not a neutral analytical tool but rather a rhetorical instrument to advocate foreign aggression. It conveys an incomplete picture of war causation by focusing on the aggressor's motivation while ignoring that of the defender. It also insufficiently explains motivations for hostile behaviour by omitting salient stimuli and the variance of emotional motives across cultures. Through its popularity, the trinity also detracts attention from truly insightful observations that Thucydides made in his work. Zilincik suggests that going beyond the trinity is essential to enhancing knowledge of strategic affairs. ◼


We recently discovered an apparently new class of pulsating Extreme Horizontal Branch (EHB) star in ω Cen. Tightly clustered around ∼50,000 K, these H-rich sdO stars exhibit rapid, multi-periodic oscillations on a timescale of 100 s. While four such objects have been detected in ω Cen, no counterparts have yet been found among the field population. Conversely, the rapid sdB pulsators around 31,000 K that are well-studied in the Galactic field have yet to be found in a globular cluster. We discuss the implications of this and also report the discovery of a fifth EHB pulsator in ω Cen.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: aqueous suspensions contain riluzol or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, at least one surfactant, and at least one suspending agent. Riluzol is found in the amount of approximately 0.1% to approximately 20% (weight/volume) and characterized by a particle size less than approximately 200 mcm. The surfactant is specified in anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactant or a mixture thereof. The suspending agent is specified in smectic clays, microcrystalline cellulose, natural gums or a mixture thereof. EFFECT: suspension of riluzol according to the invention are physically and chemically stable, has the common local (oral) anaesthetic effect specific for riluzol. 19 cl, 16 ex


Managing safety has become increasingly important in global operations. Surprisingly, the literature provides limited clues on what influences future accident hazards after the happening of a recent minor operational incident (MOI) in an organization. We examine the impacts of internal context (direct MOI experience) and external context (indirect MOI experience) on a focal organization's future serious accident hazard. Using an archival incident dataset from the liner shipping industry and drawing upon normalized deviation and social contagion theory, we find that after a recent MOI in a focal organization, the direct (internal context) and indirect (contagion source) MOI experience "increase" the likelihood of accident hazard. Furthermore, within the indirect MOI †Corresponding author


Achatina fulica snails from two environments (natural and breeding) were subjected to two diets, one based on green fodder and the other in the form of flour concentrate, respectively, in order to assess their impacts on the development of gametes. 50 snails were dissected, with 25 from the natural environment and 25 from the breeding environment. Subsequently, the extraction of gonad (ovotestis) was performed on each of the selected animals. After inclusion, histological sections were made to assess the degree of evolution of gonad according to development scales. This allowed us to identify the different stages of sexual development, sexual maturation per size class according to diets.


This study is entitled "Lottery Prizes at BMT AMANAH UMMAH Kartasura in the Perspective of Islamic Law". In it examines the practice of lottery prizes held for BMT members who use mudharabah loan products, in general lottery prizes in Islam are not permitted and are strictly prohibited because they contain elements of maisir and garar.
The problem in this research is how the lottery practices held by BMT are permitted and in accordance with Islamic legal rules while BMT is an institution based and the rules are based on Islamic law.
The results of this study indicate that lottery activities organized by BMT are in accordance with Islamic law, in Islam as long as there are no members who are disadvantaged then halal, in the lottery held by BMT members are not asked for contributions to participate in this lottery but members can participate in the activities this is if you save, and points for the conditions to enter the lottery are obtained after the balance is eligible to get points, so as long as the member keeps on saving will get a lot of points, and the member with the most points can enter the draw, the most important thing participants who don't get prizes don't feel disadvantaged because their savings balance does not change as this activity progresses, and also the prizes given are clear at the beginning so participants know from the beginning the prizes that will be distributed through the draw.


Over the years a number of techniques have been developed to address the postoperative analgesic requirement in shoulder surgeries. The introduction of catheter based technique for interscalene block now enables longer lasting analgesic effect and is now considered to be the gold standard postoperative analgesia in complex shoulder surgery. However, its use is often limited by the staffing and resources constraints. In this case load analysis, we seek to investigate the anaesthetic practice of our busy district general hospital and how it compares to the gold standard treatment. ISSN: 2640-9399 Dev Anesthetics Pain Manag Copyright © Zhaosheng Jin, Barking 2/4 How to cite this article: Zhaosheng J, Tim J, Joanna U-E. Provision of Anaesthesia for Shoulder SurgeryA Case Load Analysis. Dev Anesthetics Pain Manag. 1(4). DAPM.000519. 2018. DOI: 10.31031/DAPM.2018.01.000519 Volume 1 Issue 4 concentrations (0.25%, 0.375% or 0.5%) and total local anaesthetic volumes (7ml to 25ml) were administered for the nerve blocks by the responsible anaesthetists. Compared to surgeries with nerve block, those without were associated with significantly higher perioperative opioid requirement (4.2mg vs 22.3mg respectively, P<0.05, (Figure 2). Interestingly, there was considerable variation in the perioperative opioid requirement amongst patients who had the surgery with nerve block (Figure 3). The different local anaesthetic concentration was not associated with significant difference in the perioperative opioid requirement. The perioperative opioid requirement did not correlate with the volume of local anaesthetic used or the total dose of anaesthetic used (Figure 4). Figure 1: Mode of anaesthesia. Figure 2: Perioperative Opioid requirement in cases with nerve blocks and cases with General anaesthetics (GA) only. Figure 3: Box and whisker diagram of the Perioperative Opioid dosage in cases done with nerve blocks. Median=0, Q1=0, Q3=8, Range=0-20 mg.


Advertisements are always the method, seller and service providers to penetrate the consumer space. The internet has become an essential way of communicating, and content distributions vehicle in which social media plays a major role in the products to be published and consumed. The present online survey was conducted to know the percentage of reliability on social media for dental cosmetic remedies in Riyadh, using questionnaires.


Purpose: Distant metastases, as the initial sign of a differentiated thyroid carcinoma, are extremely rare. The clinical characteristics for such cases remain to be established. This study was performed to characterize the clinical presentation, treatments, and outcome in such patients. Methods: Between January 1986 and February 2005, of 4,525 differentiated thyroid cancer patients, 18 presented with distant metastases as the initial sign (0.4%). These comprised of 6 men and 12 women, with a median age of 49 years (range 9∼66). Of the 18 patients, 8 (44.4%), 7 (38.9%), and 3 (16.7%) disclosed symptoms from lung, bone, and brain (16.7%) metastases, respectively. The median follow-up was 92 months, ranging from 18 to 198. Results: The symptoms included cough and sputum (n=5), hemoptysis (n=2) and a lung mass (n=1) from lung metastases, back pain (n=3), a palpable mass (n=2) and a pathologic fracture (n=2) from bone metastases, as well as a headache with nausea (n=3) in all cases with brain metastases. The sites of metastases were the lung only in 7 (38.9%), bone only in 7 (38.9%) and multi-organ in 4 (22.2%). The histological diagnoses were a papillary carcinoma in 10 and a follicular carcinoma in 8. All patients underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by therapeutic radio-iodine therapy (RAI) and TSH suppressive treatment. For the metastatic lesions, aggressive treatment modalities, including surgical resection (n=9), external beam radiation (n=11), gamma-knifesurgery (n=1) and a combination of these, were performed. The 10 year overall and disease-free survivals were 91.7 and 51.4%, respectively. There was only one disease-related death (1.6%). Tumor multiplicity (p=0.023) and multi-organ metastasis (p=0.009) were significant predictors of a poor prognosis. Conclusion: Clinical symptoms, history, physical examination, imaging studies and histological confirmation of distant metastatic lesions are important in the initial diagnostic approach. Even though distant metastasis presented as the initial sign, a 10-year disease-free survival rate of 50% was obtained. Radical resection of primary and metastatic lesions combined with high dose RAI treatment and/or external irradiation lead to long-term survival.


The ability to comprehend mathematic can be trained and improved in each student. Students Worksheet (LKPD) refers to a learning aid in the learning process. CAT (Computer Assisted Test) is one of the learning media designed to develop interactive LKPD. The method of this research method was Research and Development. Based on the evaluation from material experts in the field of mathematics education, it was obtained that  the result for content feasibility, presentation, language, and graphics was 88.02% (Very Good).Moreover, the result of evaluation from the media experts revealed the percentage for aspects of media feasibility, content feasibility, presentation, and graphics was 90.73% (Very Good). Then, the media experts stated that the percentage of aspects of media feasibility, content feasibility, and presentation was 95.00% (very good). In addition, the results of individual test for the students' responses showed that the aspects of content, objectives, feasibility, technical quality, and attractiveness was 92.00% (Very Good). The results of the individual test for students' responses found that the percentage for aspects of learning content, objectives, feasibility, technical quality and attractiveness was 92.00% (Very Good). Then, the results of field test for the students' responses obtained that the percentage of aspects of content, objectives, technical quality, and attractiveness was 94.77% (Very Good). Finally, the results of the data analysis of the individual test for students' responses obtained that the percentage of aspects of content, objectives, feasibility, quality and attractiveness was 92.00% (Very Good).


The authors performed a preliminary investigation of the impact of social forces on the "meaning making" of physicians' professional identities and their intrinsic motivations for pursuing the medical profession. This study was a secondary data analysis of two national surveys (medical students and practicing physicians from various specialties) in which content analysis was performed on open-ended survey items that elicited students' and physicians' responses to meaningful experiences in medicine. Their findings suggest that the reality of social forces in medicine threaten the ability of practicing physicians to derive meaning from their work, although students and physicians still report intrinsic motivation from establishing meaningful relationships. Abstract Objective Physician motivation has been described as the reason, purpose, and force that drives people to pursue their work, and motivating factors include those that are intrinsic or extrinsic to the work. Social forces may contribute to motivational disparities between medical school and actual practice. Methods A secondary data analysis of two national surveys (medical students and practicing physicians from various specialties) was conducted. Content analysis was performed on open-ended survey items that elicited students' and physicians' responses to meaningful experiences in medicine. Results In the medical student sample, four themes were identified as factors intrinsic to medicine: role models, clinical experiences, patient interactions, and peer interactions. In total, intrinsic factors comprised 86.5% (193/208) of coded responses. In the practicing physician sample, five themes were identified as factors intrinsic to medicine: difficult patient interactions, conflict with colleagues or staff, meaningful patient interactions, involvement in medical education-research-academia, and medicine as a calling/mission. In total, intrinsic factors comprised 24.0% (140/582) of coded responses. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the reality of social forces in medicine threatens the ability of practicing physicians to derive meaning from their work, although students and physicians still report intrinsic motivation from establishing meaningful relationships. Further research is needed to explore what strategies enable physicians to wisely navigate the dynamic interactions of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators over various stages of their careers. These strategies could include encouraging reflective spaces in physicians' workplaces that have a specific focus on sustaining intrinsic motivation in medicine.


Objectives:Enteral diets enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA), and antioxidants have previously been shown to improve outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several studies using animal models of sepsis demonstrate that enteral nutrition enriched with omega-3 fatty acids reduces mortality rate. This study investigated whether an enteral diet enriched with EPA, GLA, and antioxidant vitamins can improve outcomes and reduce 28-day all-cause mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock requiring mechanical ventilation. Design:Prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Setting:Three different intensive care units of a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Patients:The study enrolled 165 patients. Interventions:Patients were randomized to be continuously tube-fed with either a diet enriched with EPA, GLA, and elevated antioxidants or an isonitrogenous and isocaloric control diet, delivered at a constant rate to achieve a minimum of 75% of basal energy expenditure × 1.3 during a minimum of 4 days. Measurements and Main Results:Patients were monitored for 28 days. Patients who were fed with the study diet experienced a significant reduction in mortality rate compared with patients fed with the control diet, the absolute mortality reduction amounting to 19.4% (p = .037). The group who received the study diet also experienced significant improvements in oxygenation status, more ventilator-free days (13.4 ± 1.2 vs. 5.8 ± 1.0, p < .001), more intensive care unit (ICU)-free days (10.8 ± 1.1 vs. 4.6 ± 0.9, p < .001), and a lesser development of new organ dysfunctions (p < .001). Conclusions:In patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and requiring mechanical ventilation and tolerating enteral nutrition, a diet enriched with EPA, GLA, and elevated antioxidants contributed to better ICU and hospital outcomes and was associated with lower mortality rates.


In the near future, residential homes are expected to have a grid connected microgrid structure with photovoltaic (PV) based autonomous power generation and electric vehicles (EVs). The capacity utilization of grid connected converter in a microgrid is minimum when PV power is less, especially during night time. On the other hand, the current practice of charging electric vehicles with a dedicated EV charger increase the expenditure. In this reference, this paper presents a power management and control of a grid connected microgrid with inbuilt EV charging feature. With the proposed system the utilization of grid connected converter can be increased and expenditure on EV charger can be saved. The proposed system is simulated in OPAL-RT-OP4510, a real time digital simulator and validated through results.


Brand of Aura juice created by Osel Foods Ltd and now belongs to A.le Coq Ltd as leading
juice brand in Estonia. In Aura juice marketing, there are cause related marketing elements
(Aura Water Theme Park in Tartu, Green Energy Project, Aura nature photo competition).
To know how consumers perceive Aura cause related marketing, author made 101 interviews,
in the year 2006. 51 of answerers were women and 50 were men. Answers show that Aura
juices are well-known to 89 people. 76 people consumed Aura juice itself. 14.5% of Aura
juice consumers consumed more than once per week, 20.0% consumed once per week, 31.6%
consumed twice per month, 21.1% consumed once per month and 7.9 consumed less than
once per month. 57% of Aura juice consumers estimate self as consistent consumer or
preferably consistent consumer.
Aura juice consumers know more about Aura social projects than non consumers. Nobody
regard negative to Aura supporting of social projects. Consciousness about Aura social
projects is very one-sided. 98.7% of Aura juice consumers and 84.6% of non consumers know
best Aura Water Theme Park in Tartu. 93.4% of Aura juice consumers and 92.3% of non
consumers know worst Green Energy Project.
Correlation analysis shows that there is no statistical essential coherence within frequency of
Aura juice consume and consciousness about Aura social projects. Also there are no statistical
essential coherence within frequency of Aura juice consume and attitude to Aura social
projects. Aura social projects make no essential affect to frequency of Aura juice consuming.
There can draw a conclusion that cause related marketing affects decisions of Estonian
consumer less than decisions of Western-Europe consumer. It can cause by lower living
standard in Estonia – Estonian consumer attention is directed to product price not to social
responsibility of product seller.


A method for detecting load hotspots in a virtual environment belongs to the technical field of computer operation systems and virtualization. A resource monitoring program is firstly deployed at a physical node and used as a tool for Xen, and the resource monitoring program periodically detects the service condition of resources of each physical node and a virtual machine node by the aid of an operation system management memory mechanism. A load hotspot detector is implemented based on a MapReduce programming model, a mapper reads monitoring data in a deposit file, a specific load computing model is used for computing load conditions of each physical node and the virtual machine node thereon, the load conditions serve as output results of the mapper and input information of a reducer, and the reducer starts to detect the hotspots and recognizes the hotspots after reading load information. By the aid of the method, load hotspot detection efficiency, flexibility and expandability in the virtual environment are improved.


We propose a candidate solution to the imperfect exchange rate passthrough puzzle: habit persistence at the level of individual goods varieties. Deep habits generate a dynamic import demand function that leads to import price markup adjustments, independently of nominal pricing frictions. Augmenting a standard two-country model with deep habits, we obtain low exchange rate pass-through to import prices even when prices are relatively flexible. We match the model dynamics to those triggered by an identified shock to the US dollar exchange rate in a VAR. In the absence of deep habits, the model requires implausibly high degrees of price stickiness to match the inertial response of US import prices. JEL classification: F41


There was a dearth of research documenting the Arab World's educational response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, female Saudi elementary teachers' views on distance education during those unprecedented times were under-explored in the research literature. In the wake of the outbreak in Saudi Arabia, concerns have been raised about education disruption at the elementary school level and its impact on instilling and developing 21 st -century skills. Conducted at a college of education in Saudi's Eastern Province, a qualitative exploratory study examined 20 Saudi postgraduate female students' written responses to a journal question concerning teaching elementary pupils online about the pandemic while 21 st -century skills were being inculcated. A critical finding was that the participants expressed a sense of ample scope for personal and pedagogical transformation despite the enormity of the challenge. Suggestions for future research, pre-service, and in-service teacher training, and professional development were recommended around pedagogical adjustments for teaching elementary learners online while ensuring they still learn and develop their 21 st -century skills. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.3.3


Abstract: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may develop a large‐cell transformation known as Richter's syndrome (RS). RS usually presents as diffuse large‐cell lymphoma (DLCL) or its immunoblastic variant, and it can be recognized simultaneously with CLL or even 23 yr after its diagnosis. We describe an unusual case of CLL treated with cladribine (2‐CdA) in whom DLCL of the plasmablastic type (PBL) developed 4 yr after CLL (Rai IV) diagnosis and 1.5 yr after the 10th course of 2‐CdA treatment. Immmunologic, cytogenetic, and molecular studies performed at the time of CLL and PBL coappearence indicated that both tumors originated from different B‐cell progenitors. Both malignancies were refractory to VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone)‐based chemotherapy, and only partial response was achieved with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) salvage treatment. However, the patient died 6 months after the occurrence of RS due to rapid progression of PBL. This is the first description of a CLL patient who developed an unusual plasmablastic variant of RS. Recently, the PBL entity has been identified among DLCL associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We suggest that in our CLL patient heavily pretreated with 2‐CdA, PBL arose as a second clone due to the prolonged and severe state of the host's immunosuppression. Overall survival with current strategies is poor, and further insight into the natural history, biology, and treatment of PBL are needed.


Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)plaque and its related factors and cerebral infarction(CI).Methods The 91 patients with CI were detected by Color Doppler and the levels of plasma lipid,blood glucose(BG)and fibrinogen(Fbg)were evaluated,and compared with normal control(NC)group.Results(1)Compare with NC group,the IMT,prevalence of CAS plaque,the rates of soft plaque in CI group were significantly higher(all P0.05).(2)The levels of total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein(LDL),BG and Fbg In CI group were significant higher than those in NC group(P0.05~0.01),and in CI with plaque subgroup were significantly higher than those in CI without plaque subgroup(P0.05~0.01).(3)The prevalence of CAS plaque and IMT were positively correlative with the levels of TC,LDL,BG,Fbg(r=0.32,0.34,0.30,0.36 respectively,P0.05~0.01).Conclusions CI patients show increased IMT and high prevalence of CAS plaque.Hyperglycemia,high levels of TC,LDL and Fbg are risk factors of CAS.


3D printing or additive manufacturing is an example of technology development in the construction sector. In 3D printing mortar, many things need to be considered regarding the characteristics of the mortar, such as workability, initial setting time, compressive strength, extrudability, and buildability. In previous studies, there were problems in the printing process, such as a lousy extrusion process and cracks in the 3D printing mortar sample. This study used calcium carbonate and a viscosity-modifying agent (VMA) to modify the mixture to achieve the desired characteristics. The extrudability and buildability were tested by observing the extrusion process and measuring the thickness and width of each layer printed. Based on the research, adding calcium carbonate and VMA can reduce workability and accelerate the initial setting time of the mixture. The use of VMA can reduce the compressive strength of the mixture. Using calcium carbonate and VMA can also increase the buildability of the mixture. From the compressive strength test, there was a decrease of 39.26% in the 3D printing mortar sample compared to the mortar cube sample. In addition, it was found that the 3D printing mortar is anisotropic, so the compressive force's direction affects the compressive strength produced.


Social control in science operates through the process in which the colleague group validates individual scientists' contributions to knowledge to the laymen who provide support and rewards for science. Descriptive research in various areas of the sociology of science may be brought together into a causal model which relates competitive conditions within colleague groups to variations in scientific productivity, methods, values, and organizational structures.


A driving device for a piezoelectric element for electrically driving a piezoelectric element to obtain a predetermined mechanical displacement, the piezoelectric element driving device being provided with a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the secondary winding being connected to the piezoelectric element; a switching element connected to the primary winding and controlling the amount of energy stored in an air-gap of the core of the transformer; and an energy control means for driving the switching element so that the amount of energy stored in the air-gap of the core of the transformer becomes a set value, the displacement of the piezoelectric element being controlled by the amount of energy stored in the air-gap of the core of the transformer.


This research work aimed to determine the influence of particle size on the solubility of hydrochlorothiazide. Initially, the particle size was determined by the hydrochlorothiazide samples referred to as HCT A, HCT B and HCT C, then the characterization ends (DSC / TG-DTG) of the samples were proceeded. The calibration curve was constructed to proceed with the quantification of the drug in the solubility test. The solubility test was carried out by the Shake-Flash method with different media ranging from pH 1.2 to 6.8 under stirring of 150 rpm for 72 hours at a constant temperature of 37 ° C. Variance analysis (ANOVA) of the data obtained with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05) was performed to establish the existence of significant differences between the factors under evaluation: particle size and solubility medium. The best conditions to obtain the highest solubility of HCT were determined using the means comparison test by the tukey method. According to the solubility results, the factors studied are concluded: particle size and dissolution medium have a significant influence on the solubility of hydrochlorothiazide, with the sample of HCT A having the highest solubility in water with a level of significance p < 0.05 and confirming that not always reduction in particle size does not influence the increase in solubility


Once a Moorish capital, Palermo's Now an assemblage of architectural styles That charts the city's confl ict. The excess shows On Christian masonry and Muslim tiles, As if to claim by right what had been taken Before it disappeared like August rains Much too brief and many months forsaken. The fractured whole impossibly sustains -Across the noise or summer's stifl ing calm, A fountain whose embarrassed nudes distort Their poses -to the Grand Hotel des Palmes, Where Lucky Luciano held his court. Police blockades, the hunchback, our lover's sting, Still Palermo burns and Rome does nothing.


A significant strand of experimental filmmaking consists of work by artists who use found footage, cutting apart and collaging it together oftentimes coalescing material from a multitude of sources, and sometimes employing radical alteration and transformation of the original image and sound. But then there also exists the occasional example that follows a more Duchampian ready-made model, where the filmmaker chooses to play a role analogous to the film preservationist, respecting qualities of the found material just as it is, adopted and presented in an untouched state:


The toilet is the icon of the twentieth century. Octavio Paz observed that beauty was once bound to two realms, the sacred and the secular; that is, religious art and craft. Under the forces of industrialisation , art became independent of religious purpose and craftsmanship was supplanted by industrial design. Some vestige of religious beauty persisted in art and, indeed, Paz has argued that 'the religion of art was born of the ruins of Christianity'. Nor is industrial design as secular as the craft it replaces: an industrial object is at its most elegant, indeed its most beautiful, when its form most perfectly follows its function. As that which approaches an ideal, it lends itself to worship. As with modern art, a vestigial religiosity clings to its form: the toilet is such a beautiful thing and its iconography has been long in the making. When John Wesley argued that 'cleanliness is next to godliness' he unwittingly initiated hygiene as a new religion. Thus, by the Victorian period, John Ruskin would declare that, 'A good sewer was a far nobler and a far holier thing ... than the most admired Madonna ever printed.' And in the early twentieth century, a urinal was once famously described as a 'Madonna—or was it a Buddha—of the Bathroom'. But if the toilet is iconic, then the sacrament is reversed: in the Eucharist we imbibe the blood and body of the Christ Ž gure. Here, in inversion, we present our blood and shit and piss before the shrines to hygiene and modernist aesthetics. That is, if god is said to enter our bodies in the pre-modern ritual, then it is we, as gods, who enter the body of the State and Metropolis in the modern ritual that is the adoration of the cubicle. Let us examine more closely then that supreme object of utility, shining, hygienic, gleaming in all its ostensible neutrality, that grand signiŽ er of twentieth-century modernism, that white porcelain of the toilet bowl. After all, 'a lot can be learned about a culture from looking at their bathrooms and their toilets'.


AIM: To investigate the correlation between cardiac function and pulse pressure (PP) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: One hundred and forty-one patients were divided into two groups: (A): Lower pulse pressure 4.0-5.3 kPa (30-40 mmHg) group (n=70), and (B): Higher pulse pressure 6.6-8.0 kPa (50-60 mmHg) group (n=71). The differences in age, heart function, heart rate, serum lipid, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The age [(68.7± 12.2) year vs (62.6±12.2) year], systolic blood pressure [(17.8±1.9) kPa vs (14.4±2.0) kPa], diastolic blood pressure [(10.6±1.8) kPa vs (9.8±1.9) kPa] and apolipoprotein B (apo B) [(0.86±0.2) mg/L vs (0.72±0.2) mg/L] were higher, and the cardiac function [(2.0±0.8) level vs (1.7±0.8) level] was worse in patients with higher pulse pressure group than those in patients with lower pulse pressure (P0.05-P0.01). Compared with those with lower pulse pressure, Female's proportion (35.2% vs 17.1%) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [(2.76± 0.8) mmol/L vs (2.49±0.5) mmol/L], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [(1.31± 0.4) mmol/L vs (1.15±0.5) mmol/L] and apolipoprotein A (apo A) [(1.10±0.4) mg/L vs (0.97±0.2) mg/L] was higher in patients with higher pulse pressure (P all 0.05) . No difference was found in heart rate [(82.3± 19.8) beat/min vs (78.0±20.1) beat/min] between the two groups (P0.05). CONCLUSION: The AMI patients with higher pulse pressure tend to be elders, have worse cardiac function and higher blood pressure.


In this paper we present an approach for a communication architecture based on the publisher/subscriber model. The key issues considered here are scalability, ease of programming and dynamic system evolution. The division of the communication load into distinctive channels allows decoupling the domains of the game enabling the overall system to scale flexibly with the underlying network infrastructure, map size or number of players simultaneously online. Thus our approach is suitable to realize especially huge game-worlds as used in massive multiplayer online games. The underlying publisher/subscriber communication layer provides a high level of abstraction with a lean API therefore dramatically simplifying network programming in the game engine. Due to the fact that the communication is content-based, there is no fixed correlation between the game players and the game backend servers. This permits the dynamic evolution of the system by removing or adding not only players but also game servers and game content on the fly.


Droplet trajectories about a sphere in ideal fluid flow were calculated. From the calculated droplet trajectories the droplet impingement characteristics of the sphere were determined. Impingement data and equations for determining the collection efficiency, the area, and the distribution of impingement are presented in terms of dimensionless parameters. The range of flight and atmospheric conditions covered in the calculations was extended considerably beyond the range covered by previously reported calculations for the sphere.


EnglishThe drought has produced an aptitude for change, as well as various initiatives to combat the problem. Thus, the government has organised the agricultural colonisation of valleys by establishing within designated areas thousands of farmers, supervised by a specialised state organisation. Rightly or wrongly this operation has been considered as a means of combating the drought, although irrigation has not been used. Moreover the new settlements of the middle basin of the Nakambe (White Volta) might be considered as a initiative. francaisLa secheresse de la fin des annees 1960 a suscite l'aptitude au changement et des initiatives de lutte. Ainsi le gouvernement a organise la colonisation agricole des vallees, en installant sur des perimetres amenages des milliers d'exploitants encadres par une structure specialisee de l'Etat. A tort ou a raison, cette operation a ete consideree comme un moyen de lutte contre la secheresse, sans qu'il y ait recours a l'irrigation. Aussi les villages de colonisation du moyen bassin du Nakambe (Volta Blanche) peuvent etre consideres comme une frange pionniere


The Pressure Ridge Ice Scour Experiment (PRISE) joint industry program engaged directed studies to address engineering design and integrity issues for offshore pipelines and subsea facilities in harsh ice environments. One of the main activities for the PRISE program was to assess the significance of subgouge deformations imposed on buried pipelines during ice gouge events. The PRISE joint industry research program conducted analytical, numerical, experimental and field studies. Comparison of field investigations on relict gouge events with centrifuge experiments demonstrated that subgouge deformations should be considered. Models were developed to assess the gouge forces in drained uniform sands, based on the experimental failure mechanism observations. These force models are compared to those of other analytical seabed force models. The implications of the models on ice keel ablation, spoil heap development and the development of subgouge deformations are discussed.


+Perilli, E; Briggs, A M; Wark, J D; Kantor, S; Parkinson I H; Fazzalari, N L +Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, SA Pathology and Hanson Institute, and Discipline of Pathology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia, School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA, Australia, Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Bone & Mineral Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia email@example.com


We use various weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes to calculate the advection (free-transport) step of a splitting-method solver for the Boltzmann equation with hard-sphere collisions. The collision integral is calculated using a fast spectral method recently proposed by Filbet and colleagues (2006). For the advection step we consider three different WENO schemes for the purpose of spatial discretization, and use a total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta method for time-stepping. The WENO schemes differ only in terms of the underlying flux scheme (Godunov, Lax-Friedrichs, or Rusanov). We use the one-dimensional shock profile as a test problem, comparing the WENO methods among themselves, and also with a positive flux conservation (PFC) method (Filbet and Russo, 2004) and with Bird's well-known direct simulation Monte Carlo method. Our results show that the WENO-Godunov method produces accurate and stable shock solutions in good agreement with the Monte Carlo results, whereas solutions obtained with the other two WENO methods and the PFC method display some unphysical features such as density undershoots near the shock front and excessive upstream temperature.


A floating foundation vibration reduction system with an air spring as a vibration isolation element has been widely used in the foundation of large ultra-precision instruments. With the excellent vibration isolation performance of the air spring, its complex dynamic nonlinear behavior is always a research difficulty. In this paper, a dynamic model of a floating foundation vibration reduction system based on the restoring force of air spring is derived. The structure of the recurrent convolution neural network (RCNN) is proposed based on combining the working characteristics of a convolution neural network and a long short-term memory neural network, and the dynamic model of a floating foundation vibration reduction system is established with the restoring force of the air spring calculated by the RCNN as the input. Finally, a test experiment was designed to compare the dynamic characteristics of the traditional numerical model and three deep neural network models in the floating foundation. The results show that convolution neural network, long short-term memory, and RCNN models could predict the vibration response of floating foundation vibration reduction system, and the RCNN model had better performance for a floating foundation.


Flight tests of a new 13% General Aviation Airfoil - the GA(W)-2 - gloved full span onto the existing wing of a Beech Sundowner have generated chordwise pressure distributions and wake surveys. Section lift, drag and moment coefficients derived from these measurements verify wind tunnel data and theory predicting the performance of this airfoil. The effect of steps, rivets and surface coatings upon the drag of the GA(W)-2 was also evaluated.


The purpose of this study was to establish a scoring method of the supporting tissues of complete denture patients by dentists. Seven elements of the supporting tissues such as shape, tissue resiliency, location of border tissue attachment of upper/lower ridges, and interridge relationship were evaluated in 317 complete denture patients with 3-4 point scales. Total clinical assessment of supporting tissues was also done with 10 point scales. The relationship between total clinical assessment of supporting tissues and 7 elements was evaluated by the quantification theory type I, known as one of the multiple factor analyses. Category scores given to 3 or 4 scale of each element were calculated. Total sum of these category scores of 7 elements in each patient was converted to an integral number distributed between 0 and 100. The converted score (supporting tissue score) was higher in male patients than in female ones (p<0.05) . Positive linear correlation between the supporting tissue score and edentulous period was significant (p<0.01). It is concluded that a scoring method of supporting tissues of complete denture patients was established.


2571 Background: Leukocyte Ig-like receptor B1 [LILRB1; ILT2] is an inhibitory receptor expressed on various immune cells. ILT2 binds to classical and nonclassical MHC class I molecules, with highest affinity to HLA-G. ILT2-mediated inhibition leads to impairment of immune cell proliferation, differentiation, phagocytosis, cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. Antagonism of ILT2 signaling may serve as a novel target for anti-cancer immunotherapy. SAR444881 (BND-22) is a novel humanized IgG4 monoclonal antagonist antibody which selectively binds to ILT2 and blocks its interaction with MHC I molecules. SAR444881 induces robust macrophage and lymphocyte-driven anti-tumor activity in in vitro and in vivo models. To overcome the limitation that LILRB proteins are not expressed in rodents, we conducted a series of in vivo studies using humanized mouse models, cancer patient biopsies and ex vivo co-culture systems to interrogate the pharmacodynamic (PD) response of ILT2 antagonism as well as inform the combinatorial and patient enrichment strategies for SAR444881. Methods: SAR444881-induced modulation of PD biomarkers was evaluated in humanized xenograft models. Ex vivo co-culture system has been established using patient tumor tissues and isolated PBMC or other immune cells. Biomarker expression on immune cells and secreted soluble proteins were monitored by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Procured tumor samples of patients with various advanced solid tumors, including Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), Gastric Cancer (GC), Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) were utilized to evaluate protein or gene expression levels of potential predictive biomarkers (ILT2, HLA = G, PD-L1) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and whole transcriptomic analysis (RNAseq). Results: 1) PD biomarkers: in murine models, SAR444881 modulates intra-tumoral sub-populations of CD8+ T cells, NK cells and Macrophage polarization; 2) Combination strategy: functional study in an ex vivo system showed that addition of an anti-PD-1 antibody induced an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNγ and TNFα, compared to SAR444881 or anti-PD-1 alone. Concomitantly, combining SAR444881 with cetuximab resulted in increased phagocytosis compared to isotype control. 3) Predictive biomarkers: protein and gene profiling results suggest enriched expression of ILT2 in majority of biopsies from several tumor types including NSCLC, HNSCC and CRC. Conclusions: These data inform the PD response biomarkers, combination, and patient enrichment strategies for the clinical development of SAR444881 to maximize its benefits for cancer patients. An ongoing phase 1/2 trial of SAR444881 mono- and combination therapy in patients with advanced solid tumors is testing these concepts in the clinic (NCT04717375).


Method for producing a composite film elastic air permeable having an elastic intermediate layer and outer layers of fibrous nonwoven material disposed on both sides thereof, in which 1.1) film melt thermoplastic elastomer mechanism feeds siding and said film is introduced into thermoplasticized state between two webs of fibrous nonwoven material entering the laminating, 1.2) the intermediate layer melt of the multilayer material to the solidification temperature and thus obtains a set of lined cooled with layers consisting cover fibrous nonwoven material, and 1.3) is then fed assembly lined to a station ultrasonic welding in which melts at discrete sites the elastomer intermediate layer by punctiform ultrasound welding, preserving the substance of the material non-woven fibrous structures and obtaining permeable to ai re in molten sites.


Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of multipotent progenitors that contribute to tissue regeneration and homeostasis. MSCs assess extracellular elasticity by probing resistance to applied forces via adhesion, cytoskeletal, and nuclear mechanotransducers, that direct differentiation toward soft or stiff tissue lineages. Even under controlled conditions, MSC differentiation exhibits substantial cell-to-cell variation that remains poorly characterized. By single-cell transcriptional profiling of naïve, matrix-conditioned, and early differentiation state cells, we identified distinct MSC subpopulations with distinct mechanosensitivities, differentiation capacities, and cell cycling. We showed that soft matrices support adipogenesis of multipotent cells and endochondral ossification of non-adipogenic cells, whereas intramembranous ossification and pre-osteoblast proliferation are enhanced by stiff matrices. Using diffusion pseudotime mapping, we delineated hierarchical matrix-directed differentiation and identified mechanoresponsive genes. We found that tropomyosin-1 (TPM1) is highly sensitive to stiffness cues both at RNA and protein levels and that changes in expression of TPM1 determine adipogenic or osteogenic fates. Thus, cell-to-cell variation in tropomyosin-mediated matrix-sensing contributes to impaired differentiation with implications to the biomedical potential of MSCs.


This article demonstrates an efficient approach to fabricate nanoparticles arranged in a periodic pattern over a large area. A nanoscale gold film coated on a silicon wafer substrate was sectioned into grids by focused ion beam machining. Through a thermal treatment, the film in a confined area transforms into a nanoparticle due to the surface tension effect of the melted gold film. By controlling the film thickness and the size of the confined area, a nanoparticle array with various particle sizes and interparticle spacings can be manipulated. This approach may have great potential applications in sensor chips and nonlinear devices.


At the beginning of 2014 European Commission adopted a resolution encouraging 28th member state to apply Building Information Modeling (BIM) in procuring construction projects. As a direct response, many governments of the most developed states within the EU, introduced a short-term goals to make all major projects designed with BIM till the end of 2016. BIM is the most advanced concept in building design modeling that combines professions such as architecture, civil engineering and others. It is widely used around the world; however, in Croatia and in Eastern Europe it is still not as popular as in the most developed countries of the world. In order to improve this described situation we developed a methodology that proved to be applicable in technology and construction management. The same methodology has been validated through the usage in education of the Civil Engineering students. The methodology includes the following steps and software: creating 3D model and quantity list using Autodesk Revit or Nemetschek Allplan software, making cost estimations and time plan using Gala software and finally 5D simulation that includes cost breakdown using Navisworks software. Through the work we had proved that with applying BIM methodology in construction projects, the participants in the preparation and execution phase can achieve higher productivity and quality of work, collaborate with other participants through interactive work, identify problems in the early phases and achieve higher profits. Furthermore, it has been proved that with the application of BIM methodologies, construction engineers better understand the process of preparing, monitoring and controlling of construction. Although this methodology is validated the future studies should include other BIM tools and investigate their compatibility, involve other resources in the construction simulation and expand BIM education other related technical colleges. DOI 10.5592/otmcj.2015.1.4 Research paper Dragana Pavlovic University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering email@example.com Mladen Vukomanovic University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering email@example.com Sonja Kolaric University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering firstname.lastname@example.com


Abstract. 1 Atypical of the parasitoid Hymenoptera, female Goniozus nephantidis Muesebeck remain with offspring until they pupate. This behaviour will only have evolved if the consequent reduction in fecundity is outweighed by fitness returns. 2 G.nephantidis competes for hosts with conspecific and non‐conspecific parasitoids. The effectiveness of G.nephantidis at deterring superparasitism and multiparasitism is tested. Brood survivorships were compared when G.nephantidis and Bracon hebetor Say intrude on hosts with the mother present and absent and with offspring at different developmental stages. 3 Laying by the intruder reduced brood survivorship. Guarding reduced oviposition on unparasitized hosts by intruding females, and prevented superparasitism of hosts with egg broods. Hosts with larval broods were rarely superparasitized. Multiparasitism was common except on hosts with guarded larval broods, but even here survivorship was reduced. 4 Competitive asymmetries determined the outcome of contests for possession of host resources. 5 The costs of remaining seem at least partially offset by the prevention of oviposition by competing parasitoids.


The paper puts forward a method based on the Virtual Prototype Technology to analyze the torsional vi- bration of the engine shafting.Firstly a dynamic model of engine including flexible engine shafting is built based on the rigid engine model,the frequency of each modal of the engine shafting is calculated through the FEA software AN- SYS.Then the exciting torque of the engine is calculated through dynamical simulation of the model,and all the tor- sional vibration exciting harmonics are analyzed by the method of Fourier divergent transform.Lastly torsional vibra- tion stress of the dangerous place of the shaft is calculated through the simulation analysis of the engine model working on the resonance vibration condition.The method provides abundant reference data for actually analyzing the torsional vibration of engine shafting.


We correct an intermediate step in the derivation of our main statements in [1]. Specifically, inequality (63) in the mentioned paper, intended to give an upper bound on the entropy of certain Gaussian states, is incorrect. In that paper, we used inequality (63) to derive the asymptotic (large-time) scaling of the entropy under the quantum version of the heat equation. We provide alternative derivations of this result, which sidestep the bound (63). The main conclusions of the paper therefore remain unaffected. We thank Giacomo de Palma, Andrea Mari and Vittorio Giovannetti for pointing out this issue, and simultaneously providing us with a resolution in a very detailed communication. We also thank them for their permission to include their discussion in this erratum. We note that one of the alternative derivations of the asymptotic scaling presented here has previously appeared in their publication.


The traditional solar photovoltaic fault diagnosis system needs two to three sets of sensing elements to capture fault signals as fault features and many fault diagnosis methods cannot be applied with real time. The fault diagnosis method proposed in this study needs only one set of sensing elements to intercept the fault features of the system, which can be real-time-diagnosed by creating the fault data of only one set of sensors. The aforesaid two points reduce the cost and fault diagnosis time. It can improve the construction of the huge database. This study used Matlab to simulate the faults in the solar photovoltaic system. The maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is used to keep a stable power supply to the system when the system has faults. The characteristic signal of system fault voltage is captured and recorded, and the dynamic error of the fault voltage signal is extracted by chaos synchronization. Then, the extension engineering is used to implement the fault diagnosis. Finally, the overall fault diagnosis system only needs to capture the voltage signal of the solar photovoltaic system, and the fault type can be diagnosed instantly.


Abstract Geraniin and gallic acid were isolated from the alcohol extract of the aerial parts of Erodium glaucophyllum (Geraniaceae). The identity of the compounds was verified through different physical and spectrometric methods. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of geraniin is presented.


Inspired by recent work in compressive sensing, we propose a framework for the detection of stochastic signals from optimized projections. In order to generate a good projection matrix, we use dimensionality reduction techniques based on the maximization of the mutual information between the projected signals and their corresponding class labels. In addition, classification techniques based on support vector machines (SVMs) are applied for the final decision process. Simulation results show that the realizations of the stochastic process are detected with higher accuracy and lower complexity than a scheme performing signal reconstruction first, followed by detection based on the reconstructed signal.


For determining the shear stress/shear strain relation, we conducted asymmetric four-point bending tests using a side-tapered specimen. Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) was used for the testing material. Rectangular beams with various depths were prepared and symmetric tapers were cut on both side surfaces of the beam so that the failure by shearing preceded that by bending. Asymmetric four-point bending tests were performed under a constant span length condition, and the shear stress/shear strain relations were obtained. In addition to the asymmetric bending tests, Iosipescu shear tests were conducted and the results were compared. The shear stress/shear strain relation could be obtained by the asymmetric four-point bending tests more easily and effectively than by the Iosipescu shear tests when the specimen had a proper configuration. Hence, we concluded that the asymmetric four-point bending test of a side-tapered specimen is promising for determining the shear stress/shear strain relation of wood.


This paper presents the Objectives, FY 1987 Plans, Approach, and FY 1987 Milestones for the Structures and Dynamics Division's research programs. FY 1986 Accomplishments are presented where applicable. This information is useful in program coordination with other governmental organizations in areas of mutual interest.


The development and classification of heat transfer fluid(HTF) in China and aboard were introduced.The properties of both synthetic HTF and mineral HTF were compared.The research progress and current application of HTF,including kinds of domestic and foreign brands of HTF were reviewed.The novel synthesis,purification methods and performance advantages of dibenzyl toluene were focused on,and the outlook of the development of HTF was put forward.


A microscopic study has been made of the origin and nature of tear marks in germanium. The observations suggest that the tear marks can originate in two different ways. The majority are thought to occur when the crack attains a critical velocity, the lattice disturbances set up ahead of the advancing crack deflecting the crack onto different levels. The second type is formed when the curvature of the fracture surface changes abruptly. Taper sections show that the steps at both types of tear mark are identical in profile; they are generally perpendicular to the cleavage surface but frequently contain curved segments.


for the mining sector were breakdown of the country's request for energy and drop of coal prices on the world market. In the period of 1989–1998, Poland's economic reserves (balance sheet resources) of hard coal decreased by 17%, and the industrial reserves dropped by 41%. Simultaneously, there was and there is still in progress a programme of technical and economic restructuring of the hard coal mining. According to the restructuring programme of coal mining, the total yearly output of Polish hard coalmines will drop from 101 million t in 2003 to 80 million t in 2020. However, there should be taken into consideration that in consequence of 2003–2020 liquidation of consecutive coalmines, ceasing of mining of the coal balance sheet reserves contained in seams below 1.50 m thick as well as other factors may limit the recoverable reserves of coal. In this context, it is highly possible that in the period 2010–2020 the availability of coal resources will be one of the critical problems of hard coal


A new magnetorheological fluid(MR fluid) damper with exterior coil is designed.The new structure is analyzed based on a static magnetic analysis with the help of the electro-magnetic finite element analysis using software ANSYS.The results which depict the 2D flux lines and the magnetic flux density of MR fluid in flow duct prove the reasonability of the new structure.According to Newtonain fluid and idealized nonlinear Bingham plastic models,the relationship curve of damping force,velocity and the current is created with the help of the software MATLAB.


Distribution of various forms of copper, zinc, manganese and lead in the surface horizon and the distribution of total metal concentrations in different soil horizons down to 150 cm depth in six soil series (representing Spodosols, Alfisols, and Entisols) under citrus production were investigated


Wizened bristlecone pines in California reveal past climate trends, and new research shows how slight variations in landscape position drive different growth patterns in trees' annual rings.


Lung cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth may lead to metastasis, which is the invasion of adjacent tissue and infiltration beyond the lungs. The vast majority of primary lung cancers are carcinomas of the lung, derived from epithelial cells. Therefore, the present study is aimed at detecting the highly expressed genes, responsible for lung cancer through Serial Analysis of Genome Expression (SAGE) Genie at Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP). IGL@ (Immunoglobulin lambda locus) gene is predominantly highly expressed in the lung cancer and is considered to be a new target for the Cancerous diseases. The protein was retrieved from the Swissprot/Uniprot KB with accession number Q6GMX3 and was modelled using MODELLER9v7 for predicting the 3D structure of the IGL @ protein which provides an accurate and efficient module to build loops and side chains, found to be identical in sequence. Modelled structure revealed appreciable measures when subjected to structure verification and evaluation using PROCHECK. Ramachandran plot signified the present work undertaken through conformational parameters ᶲ (phi) and ψ (psi) angles calculated from model with 93.4% residues in most favoured region. Further, PROCHECK results confirmed acceptance of model through main and side)chain values. Root mean square distance of planarity was found below 0.02. Hence the model was revealed to have good stereochemistry. Structure of IGL@ Protein can be important tool for future endeavours towards structure based drug designing techniques to impel the search of new efficient inhibitors. Keywords ) SAGE, Lung Cancer, Highly Expressed Genes, Comparative Modeling, PROCHECK


Development of chemical industry in Russia is determined by the availability of the essential national resource sectors. The economic growth rate in the Russian economy depends on the efficient production of chemical substances and chemical products. Fluctuations of financial indicators for the chemical production in Russia in 2012-2017 show a positive trend. The development of the sector as a whole is subsequently affected by economic indicators of individual businesses in the regions. The Kemerovskaya oblast is one of the leading regions in terms of chemical substance and chemical product manufacturing with six chemical businesses operating there. Kemerovo Joint Stock Company Azot is in top five nitrogenous fertiliser manufacturers in Russia accounting for 1/3 of the total caprolactam produced in Russia. The economic efficiency evaluation of the Azot KJSC was conducted. The analysis of the performance of the business based on the processed public accounting data allowed to identify the critical points and growth drivers, the positive trends in enhancing the efficiency of a business and overcoming the crisis (negative net revenues in 2015). Better economic performance of a business finds its expression in the growing output, revenues, profit, rate of return and higher average annual cost of the capital assets The analysis showed that the trend within the chemical industry in the region is similar to the one on the national level.


Promoting execution is an integrant part of cadres' style building. The development of economic society is improved by excellent,efficient execution of various levels of cadres. If there is no excellent execution,it will be a fantasy blueprint,even the perfect strategy. This article analyzes and discusses how to enhance the executive power with scientific developments.