Review article on 'A history of royal tennis in Australia' by Michael P. Garnett, pubd. by Historical Publications, Melbourne, 1983


ABSTRACT A new species of Uristes Dana, 1849 (Uristidae) collected from shallow waters in the Beagle Channel, Argentina, is described and illustrated. Uristes yamana n. sp., the third species of this genus reported for the Magellan area, is closely related to U. serratus Schellenberg 1931, principally by the possession of an unusual stout gnathopod 1 propodus. Both species can be separated by telson shape and relative setosity of uropod 3. The geographical distribution of U. gigas Dana, 1849 is also emended.


The innervation of the inner ear has been thoroughly investigated in humans and in some animal models such as the guinea pig, the rabbit, the cat, the dog, the rat, the pig and some monkeys. Ruminant inner ears are still poorly known and their innervation was never investigated despite its potential interest in phylogenetic reconstructions. Following earlier works on the ontogeny of the cow's ear, we expand our understanding of this structure by reconstructing the fine innervation pattern of the inner ear of the cow in two ontogenetic stages, at 7 months gestation and at an adult age. Since we work on dry skeletal specimens, only the endocast of the innervation inside the petrosal bone was reconstructed up to the internal acoustic meatus. The paths of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves could be reconstructed together with that of the spiral ganglion canal. The nerves have a very fibrous pattern. The bony cavities of the ampular and utricular branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve could also be reconstructed. Our observations confirm that not all bony structures are present in foetal stages since the branch of cranial nerve VII is not visible on the foetus but very broad on the adult stage. The fibrous pattern within the modiolus connecting the spiral canal to the cochlear nerve is also less dense than in the adult stage. The shape of the branch of cranial nerve VII is very broad in the cow ending in a large hiatus Fallopii; this, together with the above-mentioned particularities, could constitute relevant observations for phylogenetical purposes when more data will be made available.


Preface The Reason Why The Marines Head South George Company Meets Sugar Loaf The Push Continues Night Attack Counterattack On the Line The Bitterest Day A Hard Day for Easy Sugar Loaf Falls Enter the 4th Bitter Victory Forgotten Warriors Sources


This review focuses on the natural, relatively steady electrical fields involved in the control of growth and development of cells and tissues. It is divided into two main inquiries. What natural electrical fields are inside or across cells and organisms and what the consequences are of modifying these fields. The emphasis is on relatively steady transcellular fields and field effects, as opposed to the transient fields normally associated with membrane potential changes. Among the important topics not covered are the following. (a) There are some important cases in which natural membrane potential changes control development. For example, the large reduction (or even reversal) of membrane potential that follows fertilization of the sea urchin egg somehow acts as the natural fast block to entry of additional sperm (2). (b) There is some information bearing on possible piezoelectric effects in bone develop ment, as well as possible developmental effects of action potentials in animals and plants. This, too, is beyond our scope here. (c) Finally, we do not discuss the possible effects of electrostatic fields on organisms, but it appears to us that they involve entirely different factors than the dynamic fields to be discussed here.


A STUDY WAS MADE TO DETERMINE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT-TREATED MATERIALS TESTED IN INDIRECT TENSION AND THE STABILITY AND COHESIOMETER VALUES FOR IDENTICAL COMPANION SPECIMENS TESTED IN THE HVEEM STABILOMETER AND COHESIOMETER. THE PARAMETERS OBTAINED FROM THE INDIRECT TENSILE TEST INCLUDED TENSILE STRENGTH AT FAILURE, ESTIMATED TENSILE STRAIN AT FAILURE, POISSON'S RATIO, AND MODULUS OF ELASTICITY. EACH WAS COMPARED WITH BOTH THE STABILITY AND COHESIOMETER VALUES. THE TECHNIQUES USED TO CHARACTERIZE THE RELATIONSHP BETWEEN THE RESPONSES OF THE HVEEM AND INDIRECT TENSILE TESTS AS (1) NO CORRELATION, (2) A TREND, OR (3) ACCEPTABLE CORRELATION ARE ALSO DESCRIBED IN THE PAPER. THE TEST RESULTS FOR ANALYSES FOUND TO BE SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED ARE DISPLAYED IN SCATTER DIAGRAMS, WITH THE TENSILE PROPERTIES OBTAINED FROM THE INDIRECT TENSILE TESTS PLOTTED ON THE ORDINATE AND THE STABILITY OR COHESIOMETER VALUES PLOTTED ON THE ABSCISSA. THE LEAST SQUARES LINES OF BEST FIT BETWEEN THE TEST RESPONSES ARE ALSO PRESENTED IN THE SCATTER DIAGRAMS, ALONG WITH THE REGION WITHIN WHICH 95 PER CENT OF ALL DATA POINTS SHOULD FALL. STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE TESTS WERE USED TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE RESULTS OF THE TWO EXPERIMENTS COULD BE COMBINED TO ILLUSTRATE GENERAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TENSILE PROPERTIES AND STABILITY AND COHESIOMETER VALUES. CONCLUSIONS BASED UPON THE CORRELATION RESULTS INDICATE THAT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE PARAMETERS OBTAINED FROM THE INDIRECT TENSILE TEST AND THE HVEEM STABILOMETER AND COHESIOMETER VALUES ARE DEPENDENT UPON THE CONFINES OF THE STUDY. IN GENERAL STABILITY CORRELATED WITH POISSON'S RATIO AND TENSILE STRAIN WHILE THE COHESIOMETER VALUE CORRELATED WITH MODULUS OF ELASTICITY, TENSILE STRENGTH, AND TENSILE STRAIN. /AUTHOR/


The object of research is the created bioactive sorbent based on biochar from corn waste for the purification of oil-contaminated natural environments. The expediency of using biochar from corn cobs as a matrix – a carrier of microorganisms-destructors of petroleum hydrocarbons in the production of biosorbent – has been substantiated. Biochar meets the requirements for oil sorbents – environmental friendliness, oil resistance (6–8 g of oil per 1 g of sorbent), manufacturability and biocompatibility. The porous structure and chemical nature of the surface partly determines the absorbency of the material, but the dominant factor is the interaction of the hydrophobic surface with petroleum hydrocarbons. A universal oil oxidizer – a microbial complex isolated from oil-polluted natural objects, in combination with a carbon carrier, is capable of neutralizing oil pollution of various types and concentrations. It has been established that microorganisms – oil-destructors, immobilized on the surface of the sorbent, are capable of decomposing almost all oil hydrocarbons. Microorganisms immobilized on a carbon material have a great potential for destructive action. During immobilization, the viability of microbial cells is maintained, and the effect of their use is significantly increased. The use of a bioactive carbon sorbent based on biochar and immobilized natural oil-oxidizing microorganisms of a wide spectrum of action allows one to localize oil pollution and neutralize it through biodegradation. The optimal parameters for obtaining an oleophilic sorption matrix based on biochar from corn waste and for growing microbial biomass with a high destructive activity for oil hydrocarbons have been established. The optimum pyrolysis temperature is 300–350 °С, the pyrolysis time is 25–30 minutes. In this case, the sorption of oil obtained biochar reaches maximum values (6–8 g oil/gsorbent). Sufficient number of immobilized microorganisms – oil destructors 120–200·104 cells for active decomposition of oil localized on the sorbent surface. The operational characteristics of the obtained bioactive sorbents, technological features and methods of their use in cleaning the environment from oil pollution have been studied. The biosorbent does not require removal from the places of use and disposal. Cleaning of soils contaminated with oil and oil products has specific features and requires the use of agricultural techniques (loosening, moistening). The studies carried out have shown a change in the concentration of oil pollution in the soil from 40 % to 1–5 % of oil in the process of biodegradation after 3 months at positive temperatures.


In this paper, we introduce a novel single-label supervised text classification approach based on mining association rules, called Apriori-TFP-TC. We follow the common framework of text mining in general, separating text classification into two stages, (1) text preprocessing and (2) the utilization of a selected data mining classification technique. We describe two text pre-processing techniques to refine the inputted texts: one to identify relevant single-terms in the texts, and a second that identifies multi-term sets. The pre-processed data is then input to our association-rule-based classification rule mining algorithm, Apriori-TFP-C. We present results that show this approach can deliver good classification accuracy with computational efficiency.


The reduction of class size is frequently argued to be a relatively simple, cost-effective way to improve learner outcomes in a wide array of contexts. However, methodological concerns regarding the appropriate use of observational data and endogeneity have led to a lack of consensus on this relationship in the literature. In the South African context, most studies which use observational data conclude that on average, greater class sizes are associated with poorer educational outcomes. However, given the country's well-documented bimodal education system, it is plausible to believe that such a relationship may depend on where learners finds themselves in the system. Specifically, given that class size is highly correlated with other measures of school quality, one may not find a significant relationship once such characteristics are accounted for. In this light, this paper merges newly available, school-level data from the 2017/18 School Monitoring Survey with external administrative data to investigate whether the relationship between secondary school class size and learner outcomes varies by school socioeconomic status. Using several learner outcome measures, the findings suggest that although extreme class sizes are concentrated in poorer schools, class size is only negatively associated with learner outcomes in wealthier schools. This does not imply that class size does not matter. Rather, variation in class size appears to be merely indicative of other important factors in poorer quality schools which influence learner outcomes. This suggests that a class size reduction policy may only be effective once other factors relating to school quality are addressed.


Incomplete-fusion reactions have been used to study high-spin states in 171 Tm. Gamma rays and conversion electrons were measured using pulsed-beam conditions for enhanced isomer sensitivity. A K π = 19 / 2 + , three-quasiparticle isomer was identified, with a half-life of 1.7(2) µ s. The faster than expected transition rates from the isomer can be understood as being due to a chance near-degeneracy, with mixing between the isomeric state and the I π = 19 / 2 + member of the one-quasiparticle rotational band to which it decays. The implied mixing matrix element is 12(2) eV.


This paper examines the e ect of income inequality on the incidence of child labor when labor constraints are present. We allow for heterogeneity among households as they vary in non-child labor income. Parents, taking their wage as given, choose whether to employ their children, and if so, the number of work hours as opposed to hours attending school. This allows for the examination of both the intensive and extensive margins of the supply of child labor among households. As supported by some recent empirical ndings, we nd that greater (lesser) income inequality reduces the supply of child labor when adult wage income tends to be low (high). We then extend the paper to allow for decreasing returns to scale with respect to labor and adults and children being perfect substitutes. We nd that an increase in the endowment of complementary foreign capital, through foreign direct investment, results in an increase in the wage of both adult and child laborers and will lead to a decrease in the incidence of child labor for reasonable parameter restrictions. JEL Classi cation: F16; F63; J22; O15


Infrared trackers can incur serious errors when viewing a planet through the exhaust plume of a rocket engine. Quantitative prediction involves the evaluation of the distribution of plume properties, the spectral emission and absorption of the plume as a function of line of sight, and the integrated radiation power entering the tracker fields of view from both planet and plume. A numerical example of error calculations is presented for a radiation-balance tracker located on a space vehicle executing an earth-moon mission. The plume considered is that generated by a storable-propellant rocket with an exit diameter of 100 in. Tracker field angles of 5.45° to 17.3° are considered, and pointing errors are evaluated at earth ranges from 24,700 to 197,000 miles. Pointing errors up to the loss-of-track limit are encountered when the earth is viewed through the plume near the nozzle exit. The region of error is greatest for large tracker fields and large ranges.


A glassy alloy in ribbon form with the composition Fe40Ni40P14B6 (METGLASR 2826), obtained by rapid quenching from the liquid, has been investigated using a ferromagnetic resonance technique (300–700 K) and a B‐H hysteresigraph. The observed room temperature values for the saturation magnetization Ms, the g‐factor and the coercivity Hc are 630 G, 2.05 and 35 mOe respectively. A uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (Ku=1.5×104 erg/cm3 at 300 K) is found to be directed along the ribbon axis and varies as M2s. The dc coercivity data are discussed in terms of a recent theory.


Real‐world image sequences are usually characterized by frequent loss and replacement of tracked feature data, and the key to accurate motion recovery from such image sequences lies in the synthesis of a structure‐independent dynamic filter that enables the replacement of lost point features with newly acquired points in a seamless manner. In this note, a novel nonlinear observer is proposed that relies on filtered estimates of optical flow to accomplish structure‐independent motion recovery from monocular image sequences with a low fill fraction. With a single component of linear velocity assumed known, the proposed scheme relies on the perspective observation of at least five points to yield exponentially convergent estimates of the unknown motion parameters that converge to a uniform, ultimate bound in the presence of model error. The unknown linear and angular velocities are assumed to be generated using an imperfectly known model that incorporates a bounded uncertainty, and optical flow estimation is accomplished using a robust differentiator that is based on the sliding‐mode technique. Numerical results are used to validate and demonstrate superior observer performance compared to a leading alternative design on a real‐world–like image sequence that is characterized by significant measurement noise and high feature turnover rate.


Scolytus multistriatus attack density, gallery length, and brood production beneath the bark of Ulmus procera branches 2 to 6 cm in diameter increased as branch diameter increased. Beetles did not complete development in 2-cm-diameter branches, and an average of 70 beetles per dm2 emerged from 6-cm-diameter branches. Removal of small-diameter, moribund branches above 2 cm in diameter may be necessary if all potential breeding sites are to be eliminated in Dutch elm disease prevention programs.


ABSTRACT Recent findings concerning nitrogen cycling and dynamics are discussed. Ruminants excrete most of the N intake in urine, from which it is easily lost. By proper management of liquid manure in the case of loose housing, losses can be reduced to about 10% of excreted nitrogen. The same reduction can be reached in stanchion stables with straw. Deep litter systems result in greater losses. Catch crops are able to take about 2 kg N day−1 and after incorporation the release of nitrogen starts almost immediately. The mineralisation of nitrogen can be estimated for each addition of organic matter. The weather pattern and the timing of soil tillage have a strong influence on the speed of mineralisation. Physical and morphological properties of soil influence the leaching of nitrogen. By-pass flow may reduce leaching from the sub-soil and speed it up from the top soil. The nitrogen fixation capacity of grass clover mixtures is high and allows severe losses without affecting the production level of the farm...


The capacity C/sub ZF/ of an idealized zero-forcing decision-feedback equalization (ZF-DFE) system is compared to the capacity C of the underlying Gaussian-noise channel. It is found that, for strictly band-limited channels, the capacity penalty gets vanishingly small as the signal power increases. For nonstrictly band-limited channels, the capacity difference C - C/sub ZF/ grows without bound as the signal power increases, and the asymptotic ratio C/sub ZFC/ is as low as 93.6% for some channels. It is concluded that ZF-DFE on nonstrictly band-limited channels is a suboptimal, information-lossy equalization technique, even in the limit of infinite signal power.<<ETX>>


The anticalcifying agent phosphocitrate was incorporated into phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposomes by reverse‐phase evaporation. The compound was entrapped to the extent of 11.6% (mol mol−1 of lipid) and the liposomes exhibited prolonged retention of the compound when incubated with rat plasma.


Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. ---, and Richard F. Vancil (1977), Strategic Planning Systems, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Luck, David J. and O. C. Ferrell (1979), Marketing Strategy and Plans, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Mitroff, Ian I., James R. Emshoff, and Ralph H. Kilmann (1979), "Assumptional Analysis: A Methodology for Strategic Problem Solving," Management Science, 25 (June), 583-593. Mockler, Robert J. (1970), "Theory and Practice of Planning," Harvard Business Review, 48 (March-April), 148-159. Montgomery, David B. and Charles B. Weinberg (1979), "Toward Strategiclntelligence Systems," Journal of Marketing, 43 (Fall), 41-52. Naylor, Thomas H. (1979), Corporate Planning Models, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Porter, M. E. (1979), "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy," Harvard Business Review, 59 (March-April). Schendel, Dan E. and Charles W. Hofer, eds. (1979), Strategic Management: A New View of Business Policy and Planning, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. ---, and G. R. Patton (1978)"A Simultaneous Equation Model of Corporate Strategy," Management Science, 24 (November), 1611-21. Steiner, George (1979), Strategic Planning: What Every Manager Must Know, New York: Free Press. Stevenson, Howard H. (1976), "Defining Corporate Strengths and Weaknesses," Sloan Management Review, 17 (Spring), 51-68. The PIMS Program: Selected Findings (1977), Cambridge, MA: The Strategic Planning Institute.


Stedman's Medical Dictionary defines "epidemic" as the occurrence of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related events clearly in excess of normal expectancy. Defined as such, many consider obesity to be an epidemic in the United States. This alarming increase in both obesity prevalence and severity also is occurring worldwide. Vaccination has been an extremely effective method of curbing more "traditional" epidemics caused by viruses and bacteria. In this issue of PNAS, Zorrilla et al. (1) present results from studies using a vaccination approach to potentially fight the epidemic of obesity.


Contains a survey instrument, a SPSS data set, a sample report and a full report, code book, and supplemental materials.


The present invention provides a power supply device capable of easily determining the position of the power transmission coil and the receiving coil of the moving body offset is within an allowable range of non-contact. Transmitting coil and receiving coil has an H-shaped magnetic core, the magnetic pole portion of the H-transmission coil core mounted search coils Cy1a, Cy1b, Cy2a, Cy2b, Cx1, Cx2. Using the voltage detector Cy1a, Cy1b, Cy2a, Cy2b transmission coil and the position of the coil by the y-direction offset by Cx1 is, the position of the x-direction voltage detector Cx2 offset. In this non-contact power feeding device, it is possible to identify the position of the directional shift.


Regarding the puzzling question of Roman law, why fides as a principle of behavior was changed during the pre-classical period into bona fides and whether the adjective bona changes the meaning of fides, the author comes to the following conclusions: The sources point to the fact that the fides was in archaic and pre-classical period used as a basic principle of behavior in public and as well in privat law relations of Romans with other nations. The Romans acted according to this principle also in their internal public law relations. Fides had a wide meaning: it meant behaving as a honorable and correct men, faith (honesty), trust and trustworthiness, as well as an obligation to protect the other party. In that sense fides was a universal principle. As far as the Romans themselves are concerned, fides had also a wider meaning and signified a behavior according to the rules of mos maiorum. The adjective bona appears to regulate newly emerged private law relations in the Roman society. The author joins the opinion of Carcaterra, that this adjective (which in documents sometimes stands alone), served for clarification of wide, and therefore also the undetermined notion of fides, in concrete private law relations. Bona was most probably at the beginning perceived as good behavior in accordance with the rules of mos maiorum. This way, by adding bona to fides started the creation of a new business ethics. Only after some time, in the light of solving more complex problems of business dealings by pre-classical and especially classical jurisprudence, bona fides turned into a standard of honest behavior in business relations. Taking into consideration that the concept of fides and bona fides relates not just business relations of Romans themselves, but also their business dealings with other nations, the following question emerges: was bona fides firstly introduced into the edict by the peregrine praetor, or this principle has been already applied earlier within ius civile? This question however, i.e. the emergence of bonae fidei iudicia, due to its complexity, will be discussed in a separate paper.


The efficiency potential of organizational and technological solutions using the methods of non-destructive testing of the strength of monolithic structures in the construction of civil buildings and structures has been investigated. In this article scientific and technical hypothesis was compiled. It consists in the assumption of the possibility of developing a system for evaluating the organizational-technological potential of using non-destructive testing methods based on the method of qualimetric analysis. The four most significant groups of parameters were identified on the basis of this method. They can have a significant impact on the organizational and technological potential of using non-destructive testing methods. The orthogonal central compositional plan was chosen as the basis for planning the experiment. This will reduce the number of experiments in the formation of the potential to 25, and to assess the degree of influence of each production and technological module in the implementation of the construction project. The system of variation of groups of parameters consisting of three levels was formed for the purpose of further research based on the tree of goals. The basis for the mathematical apparatus is prepared. This unit characterizes the parameters of the object.


Background : AmpC bta lactamases play a significant role in creating resistance to third generation cephalosporins worldwide. They mostly express on chromosome of Enterobacteriaceae especially Escherichia coli and cause consequential problem in clinical treatment and lead to failure in diagnosis and phenotypic test recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Methods : Totally 200 E. coli isolates from different hospitals of Tehran were collected. The isolates were screened by disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines. The profiles and prevalence surveys of AmpC (Dha, CITM, Mox and FOX-type) β-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of E. coli by phenotypic and molecular methods. Results: Out of 200 Ecoli isolated, 115 (89.8%) and 13 (10.2%) isolates were identified  as  ESBL-  and  AmpC-  beta-lactamase  producers,  respectively.  Among AmpC producers, 13 (100%) and 5 (38.5%) isolates was reported by PCR assay as bla-CITM and  Dha respectively. Mox and  FOX genes  were not  detected in  any sample. Conclusions: Our  results  highlight  the  importance  of  using  molecular  detection methods to identify β-lactamase-producer that have resistance to antibiotics.


The influence of host county economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on China's outward foreign direct investment is examined in this article (OFDI). The impact of host country economic policy uncertainty on China's OFDI is investigated using panel data from Chinese OFDI to 20 important investment countries from 2011 to 2020. A fixed effects model is used, with the host country's economic policy uncertainty as the main explanatory variable and six significant variables chosen as control variables. According to the results of the empirical analysis, the host country's economic policy uncertainty will inhibit investment from the home country to that country.


The pin-hole gamma camera, contrary to other scannlng devices, gives collimator efficiency curves that are not parallel. The theoretical approach demonstrates a definite coefficient of geometrical efficiency distortion for each point of the crystal or of the displayed image. The geometrical distortion is of predominant importance compared to the detection inhomogeneity due to the image converter; it is equal to the product of two main factors: the penetration distortion (which depends on the detection spectrometry, the pin-hole aperture, and the nature of the absorbing material), and the sinusoidal distortion. The necessity of correcting the geometrical distortion is emphasized, and a correction method is presented using a multichannel memory and a correction factor matrix. (FR)


Background: Children with sickle cell anaemia often require frequent and repeated hospitalizations and care due to the peculiar nature of this inherited genetic disease. There are few data on the causes of morbidity in Nigerian children with this disease, and no report so far, from this centre. Efforts at improving child survival and well-being due to diseases like this can only be effective if information about the common causes of illnesses and deaths are elucidated. This enables targeted focused interventions.
Aim: To document the morbidity pattern among children with sickle cell anaemia, managed at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo.
Methods: All children, six months to eighteen years with confirmed sickle cell anaemia seen and managed in the paediatric ward and children emergency unit over a two year period, from November 2012 to October 2014 were retrospectively studied for their pattern of morbidity.
Results: One hundred and eleven (4.1%) of a total 2686 patients were seen over the study period for various complications of sickle cell anaemia. The children were aged between six months and eighteen years with a median age of 6.5 years. Eighty-nine (80.2%) were males and twenty-two (19.8%) were females. There was one death during the study period. The leading causes of admission were malaria (72.1%), vaso-occlussive crises (70.3%), hyperhaemolytic crises (15.3%) and sepsis (13.5%). Other causes of morbidity included acute sequestration crisis (0.9%), dactylytis (4.5%), bronchopneumonia (1.8%), lobar pneumonia (1.8%), acute chest syndrome (1.8%), priapism (1.8%), chronic leg ulcer (1.8%), osteomyelitis (1.8%), septic arthritis (2.7%), hypersplenism (2.7%), nephrotic syndrome (1.8%), acute stroke syndrome (3.6%), avascular necrosis of the femoral head (1.8%), and haematuria in 0.9%. There was no case of aplastic crisis.
Conclusion: The major causes of morbidity in these children were vaso-occlusive crises and infections such as malaria. However, their spectrum of illnesses showed a multisystemic affectation. This multisystemic distribution of illnesses in affected children, further affirms the need for multi-disciplinary collaborations in their care.


The use of electrostatic forces to shape materials processed from solution provides exciting opportunities to enhance material properties by creating new structures and morphologies during processing. In this context we report the formation of nanoscale webs composed of interconnected electrospun polymer fibrils. These nanowebs have been formed from synthetic spider silk, collagen, and denatured collagen when they are electrospun from various concentrations of formic acid. These nanowebs have been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) in order to characterize their morphology and measure their surface areas.


The optimal angle bandwidth and wavelength bandwidth of fourth-harmonic generation (FHG) and fifth-harmonic generation (FIFHG) of the 1064nm laser are analyzed based on the numerical calculation results of non-collinear type-I and type-II phase matching processes for general nonlinear uniaxial crystals with 1cm length. The non-collinear phase matching angles and effective nonlinear coefficients of FHG and FIFHG are calculated. The optimal angle bandwidth and wavelength bandwidth are obtained. The results are beneficial to broadband and efficient non-collinear phase matching FHG and FIFHG experiments and studies.


During the 90s the Peruvian state embraced a neoliberal tendency with the objective of reactive the economy with the attraction of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The mining sector was one of the most benefits due of these new policy reforms that encouraged the expansion of a number of multinational companies to explore and exploit mineral resources in the most remote places in the country. The arrival of these big companies not only meant a huge macroeconomic growth but also a substantial injection of capital and a change in natural resources access. These changes led to number of protest in the peasant communities located in areas affected by mining that give rise to the creation of new perspectives for achieving local development. One way of studying the interaction between these actors—the mine and communities—is through the use of discourse analysis and narratives. Thereby, this article has the main objective of find out connections among FDI, natural resources access and local development in nine communities of the Ayash river watershed and the multinational Antamina mine company (AMC). In this sense, we used qualitative methods to describe and analyze direct and indirect effects into local communities and into their resources access. We also analyze how the absence of the state may cause an inappropriate use of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and thus motivate communities to claim compensation for environmental damage. Therefore we use Discourse Analysis for outline this protest in development narratives and establish new considerations in current and futures FDI projects in mining.


The visuality simulation technique of ice slush is an important means of monitoring and early warning for ice slush. The paper adopts the fictitious technique for establish three dimensions model of ice slush by way the coupling of water dynamic field and ice slush. Thereby fictionalizes the ice cap expansion field and the ice water flow three dimensions field for provide the technical support of analysis of ice slush motion law.


This work relates to the study of backstepping control of the salient-pole double star synchronous machine drive fed by two three-level inverters. Indeed, it is a question of carrying out a decoupling between stator current a d electromagnetic torque, by introducing a backsteppi ng control with an optimal torque working and by impos ing constant flux regime. Furthermore, to ensure a deco upled dynamic behaviour of the machine as in the case of a DC machine, a control of the rotor current has been in troduced through a buck converter, feeding the excitation ci rcuit. The obtained results are very satisfactory and reveal t he effectiveness of the proposed approach.


A Turbo equalizer based on LDPC coded on GF(q) over frequency selective fading channels is proposed in this paper. In such a case,it can be view as a serially concatenated structure in which the q-LDPC coder is used as outer-code and the channel expanded serve as inner code.At the receiver,the iterative detection algorithm is presented.Simulation results show that the scheme yields tremendous improvement and outperforms the convolution coded Turbo equalizer 2 dB.


Focusing on the aetiology, morphology and epidemiology of lesions that interfere with the normal human reproductive process, this book covers the pathologic basis of infertility - malformations, diseases of the embryo, abnormalities of implantation and the support system of the developing embryo.


Capacity tests are used to reliably determine lead acid battery capacity. The results of the capacity tests are then used to evaluate whether the battery can continue in service or needs to be replaced. Unfortunately, many batteries do not receive regular capacity tests. This occurs because of perceptions that: the test is difficult to perform; takes too much time; the battery is too important to be removed from service for a test; is too costly, and so forth. Few consider the consequences of a failure that causes the loss of a facility where down time lost revenue is measured in millions of $US per day or even millions of $US per minute. The measurement of battery impedance (or conductance, or internal resistance) has come into vogue. At this point in time, many in the industry have agreed that these tests are useful in detecting problem cells. However efforts are also underway to convince battery users that these tests can replace capacity tests. This paper reviews the internal battery impedance components and shows that internal resistance rather than impedance is the parameter that is important to measure. It also discusses the change in battery impedance as the cell ages. The paper describes how the measurements are made and provides an analysis of the impedance measurements. This analysis includes a discussion of published results of impedance testing to date. Finally, a comparison is made between capacity and impedance tests.<<ETX>>


This work deals with the problem of energy efficiency and saving: we present a method to automatically extract behavioral rules from consumption data, so that these rules can be applied or fed to an automatic control system. To extract behavioral rules we shall be able to both (i) define power plants similarity techniques and (ii) analyze and gather rules from data, making the correct assumptions.


This study was conducted in a descriptive, correlational design to examine the relationship between the eating behaviors and the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome of midwifery students in the Covid-19 outbreak. While the population of the study was constituted by the students (N= 357) of the Health Sciences Faculty Midwifery Department of a public university, 204 students who volunteered to participate in the study constituted the sample of the study. The data were collected with the "Personal Information Form" and "Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMS)" and "Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire". It was determined that 37.8% of the students increased their appetite and 39.2% tea and coffee consumption during the three-month pandemic process in which social isolation and quarantine measures were taken, while 44.1% of them decreased their physical activity. There was a significant difference between the changes in appetite, weight and sleep of the students in the last three months and their PMS score averages. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the PMS scale total score averages of the students and the emotional eating behavior sub-dimension of the Dutch Eating Behavior Scale and the restrictive eating behaviors sub-dimension.


Ergonomics is the efficiency underlining in the subjective environment. They help in leverage sound health. It is important to maintain the correct postures for safer, healthier, and more efficient result in the subjective environment. After the evolution of virtual reality aided by Artificial Intelligence, there is high preference among users towards remote learning. Tutoring and evaluating the postures in the fields like dance or yoga remotely requires measures to indicate the correctness of the learner. The proposed model helps in identifying this measure of posture of subjected person with that of the tutors and thus helps in automating the events. This leads to effective and remote evaluation of large observations with help of Image Processing. With a performance of around 0.77 as F1 score the object detection model shows promising results followed by the object tracking and skeleton extraction.


Training alone will not enable early childhood practitioners to operationalize evidence-based practices. When newly learned practices do not immediately work as intended, the temptation to return to old ways can be great. Moving an innovation from research to practice may require the use of implementation drivers. The field of implementation science informs us of the need for ongoing support during the implementation process. Implementation guides using a flow chart design may assist practitioners to implement evidence-based practices with fidelity immediately after training. This article provides a framework for developing implementation guides to move quickly from knowledge to utilization after a training occurs as well as a means to consider the usefulness of flowcharts for driving implementation efforts.


A new parameter is introduced to extend the geometric distribution using Azzalini's method. Several important structural properties of the proposed two-parameter extended geometric distribution are investigated. Characterizations including for the geometric distribution, in terms of the proposed model, are established. Maximum likelihood estimation, method of moment estimation and relative frequency based estimation of the parameters are discussed in detail. The likelihood ratio test regarding relevance of the additional parameter is presented. Bayesian estimation of the parameters using STAN is also discussed. The proposed model is compared with some recently introduced two-parameter count models by analyzing two real-life datasets. The findings clearly indicate superiority of the proposed model over the rest.


By Analyzing four heuristic approaches that are employed to solve problems of dynamic plant layouts,this paper presents an algorithm based on patheno-genetic algorithm.A new position-switch genetic operator is developed for dynamic plant layouts.A position-switch strategy for singleperiod layouts is used to increase population's diversity.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved by simulation results,together with proposed indexes,time growth rate and relative precision of convergence rate.


'Catch Us If You Can!!!' is the improbable name of an Italian weblog managed by Lorenzo Litta and masterminded by veteran IP expert Stefano Sandri. Although it is rarely possible to measure what a blog achieves, it is usually quite feasible to identify what it tries to do. In this instance the bloggers' objective is to raise their readers' sensitivity towards intellectual property rights issues and to create a greater awareness of the parameters of protection and permitted use in a culture which places a higher value on creativity than on commercial necessity. What caught my eye was a post on 26 March that described a two-day meeting held in Venice for the judges in Italy's twelve Community Trade Mark and Design Courts. The agenda contained some legal updating and a mock trial, organized by the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market, in which the judges actively participated. The obvious benefit of this exercise was that the members of the Italian judiciary who attended would have come away from the event better informed and ideally better able to perform their judicial functions. But there is a greater benefit to be derived. Where judges are trained together, work together—even in play, as with mock trials—and take the opportunity to share and compare their professional experiences, there is a greater likelihood that their judicial decisions will be consistent with those of their colleagues. The point of significance is this. Harmonization of domestic law within the European Union, and the adoption of pan-European rights that extend to 27 national jurisdictions, will not lead to a level playing field in the grant and enforcement of IP rights unless there is a degree of consistency as between EU member states in terms of the way such law is interpreted and applied. This consistency is not achieved solely by the issue of edicts from Brussels or rulings from the EU's supreme organs of judicature in Luxembourg, but by those countless small experiences that enable the individuals who operate the system to chart their modus operandi against that of their colleagues. Getting judges to apply the same IP law in the same way is obviously a European problem, but it is not exclusively so. The United States, grappling with the same issues, has found that the establishment of a Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has enhanced the consistency of the jurisprudential evolution of patent law but without any guarantee that trial courts in different regions will interpret and apply it the same way. Some degree of divergence from the norm must be tolerated in every system in which the judges are not automata and must execute their duties on the basis of personal evaluation of the facts and discretion in their application. But once this divergence forms a predictable pattern, with some litigants hell-bent on bringing patent suits in East Texas while others rush to the West Coast or seek the security of Virginia, one is left with the feeling that US patent law has ceased to be unitary, if ever it was. The reader may by now have come to realize that lack of consistency is endemic in IP systems worldwide. For example, the policing and judicial enforcement of intellectual property rights in China appears to display the same lack of consistency as that of the longer-established national and regional systems. But only a cynic would say that the Chinese have, remarkably, achieved their inconsistency in far less time than their main Western competitors-turned-customers. A more positive spin is that inconsistency is more or less constant and that it is a natural by-product of any system that requires humans to exercise their own judgment—but what has increased sharply is our awareness of it, brought about by our own increased devotion to the harmonization or approximation of substantive, procedural and administrative IP law and our heightened awareness of anything that sticks out against it. The fact that inconsistency is endemic and ineradicable in our legal systems does not make it a virtue—but neither is it necessarily a vice. In theory, the same prior art should be able to invalidate a subsequent patent application on the same objective grounds, regardless of the training and experience of the judge and the rules of operation of the court. However, the same manifestly does not apply in areas where cultural considerations dominate the legal outcome, such as trade mark registration or the establishment of likely confusion, issues that may turn on purely linguistic considerations. Even if we cannot remove inconsistency and must tolerate it, we still do not have to endorse it as a desirable end: that is why it is such a good thing to train judges to act in a stable, predictable, and repeatable manner when confronted with similar laws and similar data. If Stefano Sandri and his colleagues in Italy and elsewhere can serve as catalysts to bring the judiciary together and help them share their experiences, the results can only be positive for all of us for whom the law should be constant both in its interpretation and in its application.


Crystals of the title compound (NMe4)2[Co4Ni2(CO)14], are trigonal, a= 11·283(6), c= 21·106(12)A(hexagonal axes), space group R, Z= 3. The structure was determined by Patterson and Fourier methods from X-ray counter data and refined by full-matrix least-squares calculations to R 0·033 for 725 significant reflections.The anion has S6 crystallographic symmetry. The metal atoms are statistically distributed at the corners of a lightly stretched octahedron, with independent M–M distances 2·487(1) and 2·519(1)A. Six of the carbonyl ligands are bonded in terminal positions and eight are bridging on the octahedron faces. The M–C and C–O distances for the linear groups are 1·757(3), 1·129(5), A and the mean values for the bridging ones 2·10(1), 1· 154(7)A. The molecular geometry of the anion is compared with those of the isoelectronic species [Co6(CO)15]2– and [Co6(CO)14]4–.


The paper incorporates a description of mathematic model of cylindrical rubber spring fit on vibration screen and gives a practice example of optimum design result achieved by use of MATLAN. The result shows that after optimization, the rubber spring is remarkably reduced in size.


Zanzibar, is an Island on the east coast of Africa in Tanzania. The region is mostly populated by Muslims. This region had long time relationship in international trade with the people of near and far-east. The relationship however resulted in the islamization of the island. The early contact had ever lasting impact on the peoples of the region, yet the Islamic Legal System has been treated with a step mother affection since the colonial era. However, in recent times Muslims in the region including the island are asserting for a change of the status of administration of justice system in the region to make it in accordance to Islamic Law. Keywords: Islamic Law, Kadhis Courts, Islamic Legal System and Zanzibar.


The education of minority populations and social groups, such as the Roma, is still at the center of the interest of educational and political actors. This is because the number of Roma attending schools in the country seems to be increasing, which necessitates a redefinition of the school process. The purpose of this research, therefore, is to investigate and record the expectations that Roma have regarding their children's education. For the purpose of the research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 Roma parents, who came from a specific area of Patras. The results of the survey showed a positive attitude of Roma towards the education of their children, recognizing the benefits they can offer socially and professionally. Correspondingly, they are generally satisfied with the way the Greek school operates and its attitude towards Roma pupils. However, problems are highlighted primarily due to their lack of knowledge, which does not allow them to help their children as much as they can, as well as the racism that still afflicts the Greek school today. To address these problems, Roma parents seek both their own financial, educational and educational support, and their teachers' substantial support for their children.


These proceedings contain the papers selected for presentation at the ACM Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, held in association with the 9th ACM Computer and Communictaions Security Conference, November 21, 2002, in Washington, DC (USA).In response to the call for papers, 44 papers were submitted to the workshop. These papers were evaluated on the basis of their significance, novelty, and technical quality. Each paper was reviewed by at least three members of the program committee. The program committee meeting was held electronically. Of the papers submitted, 12 were selected for presentation at the conference. One of the accepted paper was later withdrawn by the authors who could not participate in the workshop. The workshop program also included an invited talk by Caspar Bowden on "Policy Trends in Surveillance Law".


This talk addresses some recent work aimed at controlling the low-lying electrodynamics of quantum solids using strong field transients. The excitation of selected vibrational resonances to manipulate the many-body physics of one dimensional Mott Hubbard Insulators and to perturb competing orders in High-Tc superconductors is also covered. Finally, the speaker shows how the electrodynamics of layered superconductors can be driven through the orderparameter phase gradient, demonstrating ultrafast transistor action in a layered superconductor. Advances in the use of coherent optics, from tabletop sources to THz and x-ray free-electron lasers are also discussed.


Substitution is widely employed to design single-host phosphor with multiple sites for one activator, which could emit more than one band. BaSrMg(PO4)2:Eu2+ was reported as a potential single-host white light-emitting phosphor for white LEDs, possessing multiple sites for Eu2+ doping. However, different emission spectra were observed in this paper for the sample with same nominal formula. Therefore, XRD and Rietveld refinements were employed to investigate the crystal structure in detail and the results indicated that the sample contains Sr2P2O7 coexisting with the main phase BaSrMg(PO4)2. Meanwhile, BaSrMg(PO4)2 phase was identified to be isostructural with Ba2Mg(PO4)2 and was confirmed by TEM. Photoluminescence of the phosphor sintered at 900°C shows two emission bands peaking at 424 and 585 nm. Hence, different from the literature, the blue band was assigned to the 4f65d1→4f7 transition of Eu2+ occupying the Sr2+ sites in Sr2P2O7 and the yellow band to the Eu2+ occupying Sr2+ and Ba2+ sites in BaSrMg(PO4)2. The relative intensity ratio of yellow/blue bands is consistent with the content ratio of two phases in the samples with different synthesis temperatures, which is further proof for the original of the blue band. The results of the thermal quenching data demonstrated that the Sr2+-substituted phosphor was better than Ba2Mg(PO4)2.


ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine whether the motivation, ethical leadership and rewards influence both jointly or individually / individually on employee job satisfaction in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The number of samples in this study were 131 employees in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, using a modified Likert model questionnaire. Variable in this research there are 4, that is job satisfaction, motivation, ethical leadership and reward. The hypothesis in this research was tested by using multiple linear regression and using SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that motivation, ethical leadership and reward have the successive significance of 0.002; 0.028; 0.003 (<0.05) and the coefficient shows a positive sign or supported. While the F test shows the significance of 0.00 (<0.05), so it can be concluded that simultaneous of motivation, ethical leadership and reward are supported.Keywords: motivation; ethical leadership; reward; job satisfaction.


The white stork Ciconia ciconia was found to build 24 nests on high-tension poles located in marshy fields near the city of Coimbra, Portugal. The metal poles consist of a central frame with three platforms, which ramifies into two arms in nearly vertical position. These arms are connected by a large horizontal frame. The nests were only situated on the high-tension poles. The number of nests in a single pole was found to be: 1, 2, 5, 6 or 7. In most cases the nests were located at the extreme ends of the metal frames whether these had a horizontal or a nearly vertical position. When two or more nests were present, a symmetrical pattern emerged in all cases observed, irrespective of the different nest locations. Four factors are considered when interpreting these findings: (1) The shape of the poles, (2) the size of the stork's wings, (3) the presence of a high magnetic field, and (4) the mental behaviour of the birds. The last aspect seems to be the most probable explanation but it demands further study.


This report has been prepared under the guidance and sponsorship of the CAMAC Software Working Group of the U. S. AEC NIM Committee. It contains descriptions of six FORTRAN- compatible subroutines recommended for use with CAMAC systems. These subroutines permit the most general operations on a CAMAC system to be specified in a high-level programming language. Two of the subroutines implement the fundamental CAMAC functions; three of them implement the three uses of the Q response defined in TID-25875; the remaining subroutine pro- vides a flexible alternative for CAMAC addressing. The NIM-CAMAC Software Working Group has agreed that the specification of a standard set of subroutines for performing CAMAC operations would be of use in facilitating communication, permitting inter-change of programs and saving of design effort in the implementation of CAMAC systems. The subroutines should be applicable to as many languages as possible, but must be compatible with FORTRAN, which is the most widely used high-level language in the U. S. at this time. This report describes six subroutines which the Working Group recommends for standard usage. Other subroutines are under active considera-tion, but it is felt that the best interests of the CAMAC user community are served by rapid publication of the specifications which have been agreed upon to date. approach which has been


An equation where solutions change on two vastly different scales will encounter a stiff problem. Partial differential equations can lead to systems of first order ordinary differential equations when discretized using finite difference such as methods of lines. The method of lines, (MOL) is a powerful technique for solving partial differential equation. This project aims to demonstrate the combination of two methods in order to solve the stiff problems. The methods are the method of lines with five-points central finite difference and the explicit third order Runge-Kutta method.


Automotive industry chain service platform is to focus on a series of processes about the automobile industry's products, such as production, trading, evaluation, etc. Among this, the transaction mode and the suppliers evaluation system have high complexity. In view of the problems existing in the evaluation of auto parts suppliers, a suppliers evaluation method based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed, and the suppliers evaluation index is established. A multi layers evaluation model based on AHP is constructed. Finally, the model is used to evaluate the suppliers to validate the method.


This paper presents a systematic and quantitative comparison between the analog characteristics of bulk and SOI technology. An analog performance metric of intrinsic gain, f/sub T/ and g/sub m//I/sub ds/ ratio is considered. The impact of device scaling on this performance metric has been analyzed. It is shown that, even for the frequencies in the range of GHz (where the AC kink effect is totally suppressed), the analog performance of SOI devices is inferior to that of the bulk devices due to capacitive drain-to-body coupling. Based on our study, we propose that gate-workfunction engineering is essential in FDSOI devices for improving analog performance at a threshold voltage compatible with the bulk technology.


The increasing use of computed tomography (CT) as a diagnostic tool creates the need for an efficient means of evaluating the performance of the CT systems now in use. Usually the metal products have the defects during manufacturing and are inevitable. In the NDT system, ability for evaluate the casting defects such as cracks and pores is also very important. In the present study, several phantoms were made for evaluating CT system and defect analysis tools. The phantoms were CT scanned, and the result of CT scan was discussed. For the accuracy matters, measurements were made and compared with real objects. It is expected that phantoms used in the present study help to validate defect detection softwares.


Material transfer due to the contact of surfaces is encountered in a wide variety of engineering applications. One of these is the backside contamination of silicon wafers due to contact with polymer vacuum chucks during spin coating. The present research investigates material transfer associated with this contact. The contact between the silicon wafer and the vacuum chuck was idealized as pin-on-flat interaction and an experimental apparatus was fabricated based on this model. Material transfer from a variety of solid polymers (UHMWPE, Teflon, KEL-F, PMMA, PEEK, and Nylon 66) was studied and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Optical Microscopy and computer image analysis. This was augmented with studies of material transfer from polymeric films (Polyethylene, Teflon, and Kapton) and ceramics (quartz, sapphire and ruby). The variables of interest for the material transfer phenomenon were identified using analysis of elastic contacts (Hertzian) and adhesion. Experimental results suggest that the material transfer was affected by the contact area that forms between the polymer and the silicon substrate and by the contact pressure at the surface asperities. At low loads, contact area and pressure decreases causing less transfer. There is a linear relationship between the total particle area and the Hertzian contact area. For elastic contacts, the effect of surface roughness is not pronounced. Friction and surface energy also appear to be weak variables in the material transfer phenomenon. The Young's moduli of the polymers also affect material transfer. The number of particles transferred and the total particle area decreased with an increase in Young's modulus. No material transfer was observed with Kapton, quartz, sapphire and ruby. Material transfer was also inhibited with the use of a small amount of lubricant. Thesis Supervisor: Nannaji Saka Title: Principal Research Scientist and Lecturer Thesis Supervisor: Jung-Hoon Chun Title: Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering Acknowledgments This thesis could not have been produced without assistance from several quarters, both academic and personal. First, I am grateful to Dr. Nannaji Saka, my advisor, who is an invaluable source of advice and guidance. He encouraged my interest in Tribology and provided me with much help in the design of the experimental apparatus and in the analysis and understanding of the results of the experiments. I would like to thank Professor Jung-Hoon Chun, who encouraged and supported this research. I would also like to thank Fred Cote, from the LMP Machine Shop, who assisted me in machining numerous pieces of equipment. He was essential in developing my skills in metalworking. I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of my colleagues in the various different research groups in LMP, particularly my friends in the Tribology Laboratory. This research was supported by the Silicon Valley Group, Inc., San Jose, California. My thanks are due Mr. Reese Reynolds, Dr. Richard Savage and Dr. Emir Giirer who helped facilitate this research. I am deeply indebted to my parents, my sisters Mythu and Radhu, and my husband Asif. The task of writing this thesis and seeing it to the end was made possible only because of their love and support. I am grateful to all my various friends, here in the U.S. and elsewhere, for their care and friendship. Most importantly, I thank God, who charts the course of my life.


The aims of this research are (1) to find the types of code switching that used in what'sapp conversation by KNB students of Sebelas Maret University (2) to describe the factors of code switching by KNB students of Sebelas Maret University (3) to describe the functions of code switching by KNB students of Sebelas Maret University. This research is adescriptive qualitative research employing etnography method (analizing of domain, taxonomy, and componential) in order tofix the pattern of the culture theme. The source of data taken from the code switching conversations of KNB Students. The data are conversations of KNB students in Sebelas Maret University that joined in Sibling What'sApp Group from August until November 2016 and contain of code switching. The collecting data is conversation transcription in Sibling What'sApp group that relates with switching code. The research results were (1) the types of switching code that used by KNB students wereintersentencial switching, intrasentencial switching, and tag switching. The result of analizing research that refers to Spreadly theory or etnography theory showed that intrasentential  was the dominan switching code that appear on KNB students conversation about 43% (2) the factors that caused KNB students switching the code of on their conversation were speaker, addresse speaker, topic, situation, humor, ability, technology, familiarity, and relation whereas (3) the functions of switching codes on the KNB students conversations were to familiar between the speaker and address speaker, to respect the local culture they stayed, to make easy the communication, words of technology, to rich language ability, to remind something to address speaker, to respond the questions, to begin, middle and to end the conversations, to emphasize the speaker meaning, invitation, to change formal situation to informal, perception, to express the speaker feeling, to quote the other person conversation, humor, to address specification, to ask a help, to explain the speaker meaning, and to change a topic. The result of this research showed that switching code on KNB students conversation that join on Sibling What's App group had three types and it had the factors that can influence switching code and for each KNB students conversation had the function. Intrasentencial code is the dominan switching code because KNB students often use the switching code in words or phrase form. Keywords: KNB students, code switching, intersentential switching, intrasentential switching, tag.


Objective To study the value of treatment with micro-wound cleaning guided by CT on hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH)and the significance of combination with hyperbaric oxygen(HBO).Methods 125 cases of patients with HICH treated with medical expectant treatment(control group)and 223 cases of patients with HICH treated with micro-wound cleaning guided by CT(treatment group)were observed.The treatment group was then divided into two groups:with HBO treatment and without HBO treatment.Furthermore,the changes of hemodynamics before and after the treatment with HBO were also observed.Results The total effective rate of treatment with micro-wound cleaning guided by CT on HICH was 90.14%.There was significant difference compared to the control group(P0.001);the curative effect of earlier period cleaning hematoma was better(χ2=29.89,P0.0001);the prognosis of patients whose hematoma was cleaned within 6 days was better(χ2=10.00,P=0.04).There was no difference between the rate of first time clearance of hematoma and the curative effect(P=0.788).The hemodynamics parameters before and after treatment with HBO were different(P0.01).Conclusion The treatment of micro-wound cleaning guided by CT on HICH is a firstly selected method with the advantages of simple operation,accurate localization and remarkable curative effect.It is worth spreading.The combination with HBO can increase the recovery rate and survival quality.


In the presence of a catalytic amount of a ruthenium complex coordinated with PBu 3 , alkynylstannanes (R 1 C≡ CSnBu 3 ) were found to accept the addition of terminal alkynes (R 2 C≡CH) with a 1,2-shift of the stannyl group to give (E)- and (Z)-1-tributylstannylbut-1-en-3-ynes (Bu 3 SnC(R')=CHC=CR 2 ). Various combinations of substrates having an aromatic and/or aliphatic substituent can be used, and the stereochemical outcome depends largely on the character of these substituents. The reaction of aliphatic terminal alkynes proceeds stereoselectively, and substituent R 1 on the alkynylstannanes determines the configuration: E for R 1 = alkyl and Z for R 1 = aryl. In contrast, the reaction of arylacetylenes gave a mixture of stereoisomers irrespective of the character of substituent R 1 on the alkynylstannane. Ruthenium-β-stannylvinylidene complexes generated from a ruthenium complex and an alkynylstannane with migration of the stannyl group are likely to be key intermediates, which accept addition of the C-H bond of terminal alkynes to give the corresponding stannylenynes. DFT calculation clearly shows that the 1,2-shift of the stannyl group on formation of ruthenium-β-stannylvinylidene complexes is more facile than the corresponding 1,2-hydrogen shift of the coordinating terminal alkynes. The effect of the substituents on the stereoselectivity also is discussed based on the calculation.


We propose full-field detection based multi-chip MLSE to improve the receiver sensitivity, CD tolerance, and flexibility of the AMZI delay of the offset-DQPSK format, while retaining the simplicity of its pre-coder and single-AMZI demodulator.


By adopting the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) scheme with the inertia emulation controller and droop controller, wind power plants (WPPs) can participate in inertial response (IR) and primary frequency regulation (PFR). According to the analysis in this article, besides the well-known dynamic coupling between the wind turbine operating point (WTOP) controller and the inertia emulation controller, there is a static coupling between the WTOP controller and the droop controller. These couplings would impair the IR and PFR characteristics of the VSG controlled WPPs (VSG-WPPs). The equivalent droop coefficient of the VSG-WPPs is no longer equal to the setting value and changes under different operation conditions. To eliminate these adverse impacts, a decoupling control scheme is proposed. According to the MATLAB simulations and real-time hardware-in-loop testing results provided in this article, under the same power disturbance, the frequency response characteristics of the WPPs with the proposed scheme are much better than the WPPs with the original scheme.


The fact that the course of disseminated testicular carcinomas can be favorably influenced by chemotherapy has been thoroughly documented. 55-61 A problem now is how to blend surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy into a program for the optimal management of patients with these tumors. A rational approach to this problem requires an awareness of the histogenesis and natural history of these tumors as well as a knowledge of the biological peculiarities of the different histological types. The tumors which are of concern here arise in the "germ cell" in the testicular tubule. Neoplastic change in this totipotential cell can produce a spectrum of tumors, depending on the state of differentiation in the normal cell which undergoes neoplasia and on the degree to which differentiation continues in the cancer cell. 62 Teratocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma can evolve from embryonal carcinoma. Electron microscopic studies have revealed an evolution of the submicroscopic cellular organization


A simple, rapid and precise isocratic reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of Thalidomide capsule. The separation was achieved with 150 × 4.6mm C18 column using mobile phase as Acetonitrile : Dimethyl Formamide : Water (60:10:30 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min with UV detection at 297nm. The retention time of Thalidomide was found to be 2.17min. The linearity range of Thalidomide is 25mg to 200mg with coefficient of correlation 0.9986. The method is found to be accurate, precise and useful in quality control of dosage form.


In your writings you highlight the political efficacy of words. In The Names of History, for instance, this emphasis is discussed most vividly in terms of what you refer to as an "excess of words" that marks the rise of democratic movements in the seventeenth century. Similarly, in On The Shores of Politics, you begin your discussion with an excursus on the end of politics as the end of the promise. Finally, in Dis-agreement you speak of "the part of those who have no-part" as voicing a "wrong" for the sake of equality. In each of these instances, however, your treatment of words (and language more generally) is very different from those thinkers of the "linguistic turn" in political philosophy who expound on an ethics of deliberation as the first virtue of modern democracies. For that matter, your approach is quite different from those thinkers who focus on the aporias of language as such. Could you discuss this thematic of the proliferation of words in your thinking about democratic politics? Would it be fair to characterize your research on and exposition of democratic thinking as a "poetics of politics"?


The demand function of a product is constructed as a bivariate normal distribution function with the consumer willing-to-pay price and the unit transaction cost as variables. Such a bivariate distributed demand function is much different from those of traditional demand functions, and can catch more practical situations. This study focuses on the reasoning process in constructing such a bivariate distributed demand function and its characteristics, as well as its feasible applications.


The bubble-point pressures of two compositions of each of eight binary mixtures have been measured over a temperature range of 270 K to 380 K. Six of the mixtures included pentane, which was mixed with 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (R-245fa); methyl perfluoropropyl ether (R-E347mcc); 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone; 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (R-141b); trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)); and dimethyl ether. The two remaining binary mixtures were 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone + methyl perfluoropropyl ether (R-E347mcc) and butane + R-245fa. Interaction parameters for a Helmholtz energy mixture model were fitted for each mixture. Bubble-point data are reported as well as mixture model parameters, along with deviations of the data from their respective equations. These mixtures are of interest as working fluids in organic Rankine power cycles.


Recent advances in lymphatic imaging have provided novel insights into the lymphatic system. Interventional radiology has played a significant role in the development of lymphatic imaging techniques and modalities. Radiologists should be familiar with the basic physiology and anatomy of the lymphatic system to understand the imaging features of lymphatic disorders, which reflect their pathophysiology. This study comprehensively reviews the physiological and anatomical aspects of the human lymphatic system as well as the latest lymphatic imaging techniques.


High-density and high-leadcount chip on tape (COT) technology is emerging as an attractive component for high-performance multichip module applications. A hermetic sealed semiconductor die with gold bump terminations over SiO/sub 2/ and Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ passivations was bonded to a gold-plated copper tape, using a thermal compression gang bonding technique. The device was subsequently encapsulated and marked. The authors first review the bump design rules, bump characteristics, and the inner lead bond process. The reliability test results of COT devices are presented.<<ETX>>


This paper looks at the effect of agglomeration economies on the tax sensitivity of investments in Belgian firms using detailed firm-level data. We find a negative effect of taxation on investment. However, this is dampened by the presence of agglomeration externalities. Our results hint to the importance of local labor market and supplying industries for firm investment decisions and follow the more nuanced view on tax competition of the New Economic Geography models.


Hydro carbon is released in the atmosphere through rotogauge (Ref photo @) while loading of LPG and Propane in the tankers contributes occupational health problems to the workers, greenhouse gas effect (Ref $) as well as revenue loss though it is insignificant in case of one tanker but it is significant if we consider loading and unloading of tanker at National level per day and Organizational level per year. In order to overcome the problem of releasing of hydrocarbon through rotogauge (for measuring liquid level inside the tanker) it is necessary to study this topic in detail along with the effect of these hydrocarbons on the workers working in that area. To know the effect of released hydrocarbon on the loading operators their medical checkups were done in three different seasons. The result of the study will tell the effects of these hydrocarbons on operators, extent of energy loss and revenue loss as well as the method to minimize the loss of hydrocarbon in atmosphere during loading and unloading of tankers thereby limiting the exposure of the operators to hydrocarbon vapours. Index Terms— Rotogauge, Occupational health, Hydrocarbon, Different seasons, Operators, Tankers ——————————  —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC Rotogauge is a device which is used to measure the volumetric quantity of liquid level inside the pressurized container. The release of hydrocarbon from the rotogauge cannot be contained and is allowed to disperse in the atmosphere. (Ref #). In India Loading and unloading operation of the Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Propane tanker is done with manual intervention to know the liquid level content inside the tank of the tanker lorry. Loading and unloading operation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Propane tanker is carried out with intermittent checking of liquid level inside the tank with the help of rotogauge (Ref #). Rotogauge is a devise fitted in the tanker which is useful in measuring the liquid level inside the tanker in terms of percentage. In the present scenario the rotogauge helps to determine the liquid level inside the tank and liquid level inside the tank is ensured. (Maximum allowable liquid level is 95% and Vapour space of 5% is left) (Ref *). Hydro carbon is released in the atmosphere through rotogauge (Ref photo @) while loading of LPG and Propane in the tankers contributes occupational health problems to the workers, greenhouse gas effect (Ref $) as well as revenue loss though it is insignificant in case of one tanker but it is significant if we consider loading and unloading of tanker at National level per day and Organizational level per year. In order to overcome the problem of releasing of hydrocarbon through rotogauge (for measuring liquid level inside the tanker) it is necessary to study this topic in detail along with the effect of these hydrocarbons on the workers working in that area. The photograph of releasing of LPG / Propane from rotogauge is given below -


This report describes a test in five radiators of equal cooling ability to determine which position of mounting will afford maximum airplane speed. The results of the test show that radiator No. 2, free-air radiator mounted under the engine, gave results second to those obtained with the Curtiss wing skin radiator. It is considered that this type of radiator mounted below the engine offers the best possibilities for the development of service type radiators which will give maximum speed with required cooling and minimum maintenance troubles. This is especially true for the larger engines.


Mechanical stress is an important external factor effecting the development and maintenance of articular cartilage. The metabolite profile of diseased cartilage has been well studied but there is limited information about the variation in metabolite profile of healthy cartilage. With the importance of load in maintaining healthy cartilage, regional differences in metabolite profile associated with differences in load may provide information on how load contributes to the maintenance of healthy cartilage. HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy allows the assessment of tissue samples without modification and was used for assessing the difference in metabolic profile between the load bearing and non-load bearing regions of the bovine articular cartilage. In this preliminary study, we examined cartilage from tibia and femur of four knee joints. Sixteen pairs of 1D-NOESY spectra were acquired. Principle component analysis (PCA) identified chemical shifts responsible for variance. SBASE (AMIX) and the Human Metabolome Database were used in conjunction with previous reported cartilage data for identifying metabolites associated with the PCA results. The major contributors to load-related differences in metabolite profile were N-acetyl groups, lactate and phosphocholine peaks. Integrals of these regions were further analysed using a Student's t-test. In load bearing cartilage regions. N-acetyl groups and phosphocholine were found at significantly higher concentration (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively) in both femur and tibia, while lactate was reduced in load bearing cartilage (p < 0.005). The results of this pilot HR-MAS NMR study demonstrate its ability to provide useful metabolite information for healthy cartilage.


For a long time, the Strasburg Manuscript has been seen as one of the oldest German-language sources containing instructions on North European illuminating techniques. Lost in the 1870 Strasburg Library fire, the text survives in a nineteenth-century transcription made by Sir Charles Eastlake. Relevant studies like those of Emil Ploss and more recently those of Doris Oltrogge have highlighted the existence of texts with very similar contents, grouping them under the name of the 'Strasburg Family'. Since the appearance of these studies, a clearly defined corpus of manuscripts has been established as belonging to this family and new textual evidence has been discovered. The artistic instructions of these manuscripts are mostly dedicated to painting and illuminating and, especially, to the preparation of colours. A great number of recipes are also concerned with suitable combinations of pigments and specific binding agents used in illumination. Thanks to a philological and codicological analysis, we can propose not only a geographical area in which the manuscripts of the so-called Strasburg tradition were produced but also a chronological range from 1400 to 1560. Through these texts, we thus have a survey of artistic materials and techniques within a precise framework. Moreover, it is now possible to make correlations between some specific practices and local workshops of illuminators. Comparison with a larger corpus of medieval artistic texts emanating from German-speaking countries allows us to highlight the originality and the newness of certain processes for the manufacture of colours described in the Strasburg Family texts. In addition, it is also possible to relate the history of a number of prescriptions to, and to correlate them with, more widely diffused techniques.


Plant secondary metabolites are important lead compounds of drug screening.《Medicinal herb resource》is the principal problem limiting the role of active natural products of natural sources in research and development of drugs.For this reason,how to increase the biosynthesis efficiency of target secondary products is an important thing to be considered in research and development of natural products.Environmental factors have significant effects on gene expression,particularly on the expression of genes regarding secondary metabolic pathways,thus affecting the biosynthesis and accumulation of plant secondary products.In this overview,effects of environmental abiotic factors(such as salinity,temperature,UV radiation and drought) on plant secondary metabolism are summarized.Research on the interaction between plant secondary metabolism and environmental factors may be helpful to the cultivation and standardization of traditional medicinal herbs,and may provide a new approach to increasing target secondary metabolites,solving the Medicinal herb resource problem.


In the complex rotor bearing systems all the components and control are interdependent. Changes in one non-modular element might require complete system redesign. Research on high-speed levitated blowers, pumps and compressors requires ability to test effectively different, often novel or customized, hardware and software components. This work introduces the laboratory test rig of modular construction especially designed to validate custom and novel components and control. The modularity imposes challenges related to accurate manufacturing, concentricity, positioning accuracy, leveling, mechanical robustness, and to commissioning and control retuning. We present the overview of reconfigurable test platform, which comprises different rotors and actuator modules. The commissioning, control and identification results of first configuration of this modular test rig are described. The experimental results validate the modularity concept, mechanical tolerances of manufactured modules. The model-based linear multi-input multi-output control is successfully tested.


The main aim of this paper is to discuss moment exponential stability for a stochastic reaction-diffusion neural network with time-varying delays and p-Laplacian. Using the Ito formula, a delay differential inequality and the characteristics of the neural network, the algebraic conditions for the moment exponential stability of the nonconstant equilibrium solution are derived. An example is also given for illustration.


Currently, the national security of the Republic of Uzbekistan's domestic and foreign political life of the most important issues to be solved. Concern for the preservation of national security laws to protect the public and to avoid social and environmental problems will serve as an important criterion.


Background and Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic to-date has no treatment or vaccine and protection from the viral illness is only possible by acting upon valid and reliable information The dentists are considered to be the most vulnerable profession due to proximity with the patient, and this also puts dental patients at risk Internet is one of the primary sources of information, therefore this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the online available information using validated instruments Methods: The following terms were searched on google com "Coronavirus and dentistry", "COVID-19 and dentistry" and "SARS COV 2 and dentistry" The first fifty results for each search term were evaluated Eighteen of the websites did not meet inclusion criteria so 132 websites were critically analyzed by Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HON code) and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark Also, the websites were categorized according to content type Results: A total of 6 (4 54%) websites had the HON code seal, and the JAMA benchmark showed that 14 (10 6%) did not fulfill any of the requirements Another 69 (52 3%) links had fulfilled all the requirements but 65 (94 2%) of these websites were either links to research Journals or guidelines published by dental associations, universities or government organizations, and usually not accessed by the general public Conclusion: The information available to the dentists is satisfactorily accurate and reliable, but the nonhealth personnel need to be aware of the quality of information they read The dentists should provide information to the patients about accessing reliable online sources for information and the expected changes in dental practice The government should regulate health information on the internet to curb apprehension associated with dental treatment and viral pandemic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Biomedica is the property of Knowledge Bylanes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )


. This paper is a contribution to the study of hereditary classes of relational structures, these classes being quasi-ordered by embeddability. It deals with the specific case of ordered sets of width two and the corresponding bichains and incomparability graphs. Several open problems about hereditary classes of relational structures which have been considered over the years have positive answer in this case. For example, well-quasi-ordered hereditary classes of finite bipartite permutation graphs, respectively finite 321-avoiding permutations, have been characterized by Korpelainen, Lozin and Mayhill, respectively by Albert, Brignall, Ruˇskuc and Vatter. In this paper we present an overview of properties of these hereditary classes in the framework of the Theory of Relations as presented by Roland Fra¨ıss´e. We provide another proof of the results mentioned above. It is based on the existence of a countable universal poset of width two, obtained by the first author in 1978, his notion of multichainability (1978) (a kind of analog to letter-graphs), and metric properties of incomparability graphs. Using Laver's theorem (1971) on better-quasi-ordering (bqo) of countable chains we prove that a wqo hereditary class of finite or countable bipartite permutation graphs is necessarily bqo. This gives a positive answer to a conjecture of Nash-Williams (1965) in this case. We extend a previous result of Albert et al. by proving that if a hereditary class of finite, respectively countable, bipartite permutation graphs is wqo, respectively bqo, then the corresponding hereditary classes of posets of width at most two and bichains are wqo, respectively bqo. the case of bipartite permutation graphs, posets of width at most two and the corresponding bichains. We characterize hereditary classes of finite bipartite permutation graphs which remain wqo when labels from a wqo are added. Hereditary classes of posets of width two, bipartite permutation graphs and the corresponding bichains having finitely many bounds are also characterized. We prove that a hereditary class of finite bipartite permutation graphs is not wqo if and only if it embeds the poset of finite subsets of N ordered by set inclusion. This answers a long standing conjecture of the first author in the case of bipartite permutation graphs.


Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com complaints of something moving in the abdomen for the past two months. On physical examination, there was a palpable lump in the right periumbilical area about 5 x 4 cm in size, which was non tender, mobile, firm in consistency and smooth margins. Rest of abdominal examination was normal. The routine haematological and biochemistry investigations were within normal limits.


The whole structures and the surface details of a native metaphase chromosome of Physarum polycephalum were firstly observed and imaged by atomic force microscopy.The imaging picture showed that the chromosome has clear and slick edge and apparent centromere.Furthermore imaging revealed that it is also observed from a chromosome was established by folding of a macro-helix fiber about 230 nm rotating 180° at its end.Three levels of chromatin fibers on the surface of metaphase chromosomes were observed,they are 30~40 nm,60~70 nm,90~110 nm,respectively.They were inferred helical structures from height imaging and friction imaging.The results confirm that the packages of mataphase chromosomes are highly order and the chromosome structures at near native state as well.


Asil Nadir, a Turkish-Cypriot, rose from being a small-time trader in London's East End to the glamorous role of head of the dramatically successful Polly Peck company. In the heyday of his spectacular advance, Nadir became vastly wealthy, spending millions on country mansions and art treasures, and entertaining celebrities across the world, as he carried out one coup after another. Polly Peck shares boomed as investors' money poured into the company's coffers, and Nadir seized control of blue-chip concerns like the Del Monte fruit giant in America, and Japan's prestige Sansui electronics manufacturer. Then it all started to go wrong. Doubts were expressed about the company's assets, selling began on a massive scale, Polly Peck finally collapsed as Fraud Squad investigators moved in, and a complex legal case followed. David Barchard, a financial journalist, has known Asil Nadir for many years and has lived in Turkey, where Nadir's power-base remains. Here he charts Nadir's rise and fall, aided by interviews with many of the key witnesses.


The effect of phorbol ester tumor promoters on the communication between individual cells in confluent culture was studied using a fluorescent dye transfer method. Cell‐cell communication between mouse Balb/c 3T3 cells and between Chinese hamser V79 cells was inhibited almost completely by tumor‐promoting phorbol esters, but not by nonpromoting derivatives; the effect was reversed upon removal of the promoter. Intercellular communication between Balb/c 3T3 cells, but not Chinese hamster V79 cells, was increased significantly in the presence of dbcAMP and caffeine, and these compounds counteracted the effects of tumor promoters. Inhibition of cell communication by phorbol esters appears to be receptor‐mediated, since specific binding of 3H‐phorbol‐12,13‐dibutyrate to Balb/c 3T3 cells was inhibited only by compounds that also inhibit intercellular dye transfer. A study with cycloheximide suggests that the reversible inhibition of intercellular communication by phorbol esters may not need de novo protein synthesis, while upregulation of communication by cAMP requires protein synthesis.


two storey building designed by robert russell at right hand side and single storey extension by charles laing at left of image. located on north side of collins street between william and queen streets.


Abstract.  Trophic interactions can influence the flux of energy and nutrients between donor and recipient ecosystems, thereby altering recipient food webs and communities. We investigated the potential for anadromous alewife to influence filter-feeding insects in lake outflow streams by altering seston and zooplankton export from lakes to streams through size-selective consumption of zooplankton in lakes. We compared spring and summer zooplankton biomass and body size and seston concentration in 6 lakes and their respective outflow streams (3 with alewife access, 3 without alewife access) in Maine, USA. The contribution of seston particles ≥500-µm and mean pelagic zooplankton size decreased from spring to summer in alewife lakes, but not in lakes without alewife. However, we found no seasonal change in zooplankton body size and seston ≥500-µm in the outflow streams of alewife lakes. Furthermore, zooplankton biomass and seston concentration differed between lakes and streams, a result indicating the influence of additional factors on seston movement from lakes to streams. Last, we found no relationship between filter-feeder biomass or community structure and seston quantity, a result indicating that stream communities probably were not strongly regulated by seston availability. Our results illustrate that strong trophic interactions may not be propagated from lakes to streams and suggest the importance of boundaries in modulating the extent to which trophic interactions in one ecosystem can influence the flow of energy to adjacent ecosystems.


Fever is a feature of a variety of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Recognition of drug fever in hospitalized patients is critical. If the condition is not appreciated, the patient may be subjected to prolonged hospitalization and a variety of unnecessary antibiotics, laboratory, and radiologic studies. Fever is considered to be drug-induced, -an incompletely understood allergic hypersensitivity reaction to medication-, if other causes can be eliminated, if the temperature elevation is temporally associated with the administration ofsensitizing medication, and if the fever disappears within 72 hours after discontinuation of the medication. Any drug has the capacity to induce fever as an adverse reaction. This article reported three cases of drug fever. Patients appeared "inap p ropria tely well' for the magnitude. of their temperature elevation. They typically felt comfortable. Administration of antipyretic medications made the patients very uncomfortable and induced shaking chills. Their body temperature normalized within 24 hours after discontinuation of sensitizing medication in two patients. However, in one patient, the drug was not discontinued and the fever sustained, because she needed the drug. Key Words: drug fever - adverse reaction - allergy - hypersensitivity - antipyretics


Non-oriented silicon iron (NO Fe-Si) alloys are soft magnetic materials used in the construction of medium and high power rotating machines. To obtain efficiency higher than 95%, it is necessary to promote a new design of their magnetic circuits and/or alternative cutting technologies. There were tested steel samples of fully processed non-oriented silicon iron (NO FeSi) grades, M400-65A and M800-65A, with an area of 300 × 30 mm2. The magnetic properties were measured with a single strip tester in the range of frequency from 10 ÷ 200 Hz at 1 T peak magnetic polarization. The sheet cutting technologies, involved in this study, are mechanical, laser, water-jetting and electro-erosion.


The aim of this study is to investigate difficulties and errors of 1st grade Computer Teaching and Technology Department students on discontinuity kinds of partial functions and some certain functions. The data is gathered by the questionnaire containing 10 open ended questions. The answers of students are categorized according to 0-3 points' schema. Based on the results and detailed analysis of students' responses it is observed that students have many difficulties on finding the right and left hand side limit of partial functions on specific points. So it leads errors on determining the discontinuity types of these functions. Moreover, the results of analysis show that students have some difficulties on determining the discontinuity of some specific functions.


Traditional farming landscapes in South and Central Portugal, known as montados, are affected by global socio-economic and biophysical pressures, putting the sustainability of the systems in jeopardy. Cork oak trees (Quercus suber L.) are characteristic features of these complex agro-silvo-pastoral agroforestry systems, delivering a globally important product, cork. The increasingly distant, global scale of decision making and trade can consequently be observed on the local, landscape, scale. In this study, we use a value chain approach to test the concept that landscape products can ensure sustainable management of the landscape of origin. We interviewed agents—cork producers, intermediaries, industrial transformers, and winemakers—about the challenges they perceived in the business and how these were connected to the landscape of origin. We illustrate the network of agents and sub-actors involved in the sector and highlight the most prominent concerns. We conclude that this approach can reveal the major points for determining the future of the montado, and we suggest that collaboration amongst value chain agents can be a pathway to landscape sustainability.


The purpose of this action research piece was to discuss my experience with teaching close reading in the urban classroom using autoethnographic methods. It explains ideas and challenges that I encountered when teaching close reading in conjunction with close reading strategies. I detail close reading strategies and explain how they can be used advantageously. The article closes with ideas on how I learned the importance of promoting student self-application of strategies, incorporating strategies so that they are not time consuming, differentiating strategies, and ultimately, the idea of promoting reading for enjoyment.


A multiaperture along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MA-ATI SAR) theory was proposed to obtain velocity vectors of moving objects. This theory utilizes two antennas to estimate two velocity components (aft- and fore-looking directions) by multi/sublook processing. The moving direction can then be calculated by the two velocity components. Combining it with the conventional range velocity estimation, the velocity vector can be estimated. In order to validate its methodology, the present study applies MA-ATI SAR to airborne polarimetric interfereometric SAR-2 (Pi-SAR2) for estimating the directions of moving water surface currents of rivers. The results were in good agreement with the true moving directions. The estimated accuracy showed the direction error of approximately 20° for the three cases out of four. One case showed the higher error, since there may be complicated flow patterns. The findings of this study have implications for the applicability of the MA-ATI method to an airborne SAR system.


During the 1990s, restorative justice became firmly established as a new approach for responding to juvenile crime. Restorative justice measures are most commonly used to divert juvenile offenders from the formal criminal justice system, although they also exist in a variety of other contexts across Australia's jurisdictions, such as in circle sentencing and victim-offender mediation programs for adult offenders (Daly and Proietti-Scifoni 2009). Although there are many definitions of restorative justice, the following definition by Marshall (1996: 37) has gained widespread acceptance: '[restorative justice is] a process whereby all the parties with a stake in a particular offence come together to resolve collectively how to deal with the aftermath of the offence and its implications for the future'. While the rationale for restorative justice programs varies among Australian jurisdictions, in general, restorative justice measures seek to repair the harm caused by crime, to actively involve offenders, victims and communities in the criminal justice process and to provide a constructive intervention for juvenile offending.