When Inhibodress, the granddaddy of Australian Artist Run Initiatives (ARIs), burst onto the art scene in Sydney in 1970 with concept-driven post-object art it heralded the beginning of what was possible from artist-initiated activity. ARIs have been finding their voice, leading the way and fostering the work of emerging and established artists ever since.


The survey and construction of classroom culture of modern remote education is a research topic with practical significance,which deserves special attention.The relevant research needs to have a comprehensive analysis on the classroom transformation of modern remote education,the key elements and function mechanism of class culture and the system of class culture.It is expected to build a value culture with the coordinated development of knowledge,ability and quality,a teaching culture of independence,construction,cooperation and dialogue,a media culture of humanity,technique and opening and a service-oriented management culture.


Introduction: Trophic ulcers in leprosy are a therapeutic challenge. Various treatment options have been tried, but none is found to be universally effective. The search for better treatment continues. Methods: Leprosy patients with long standing trophic ulcers treated with platelet rich fibrin (PRF) dressings were identified in this retrospective review. PRF was prepared by centrifuging autologous blood at 2800 rpm for 15 minutes. The PRF dressings were repeated at weekly intervals and treatment response was assessed using the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) staging. Results: Ten patients (7 males) treated with PRF dressings were identified. The mean age of the study patients was 45·4 years. Three patients had NPUAP stage II, six patients had NPUAP stage III and one patient had NPUAP stage IV ulcers. Eight patients showed complete healing after 2–4 PRF dressing sessions. Complications were limited to localised infection in one patient. Conclusion: PRF dressings are a promising therapeutic option for treatment of nonhealing trophic ulcers in leprosy patients.


ABSTRACT Soil structure plays an important role in water retention, infiltration capacity, porosity, and penetration resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and physical properties of Oxisol soils (bulk density and macro-, micro-, and total porosity) in the structures identified using the profil cultural method in areas under two different management practices (perennial pasture and sugarcane). Three pits were dug in each plot to find out how homogeneous morphological structural units (HMSU) were organized [...]


Objective
To confirmed the rationality of training needs of chronic wound care knowledge of community nurse by analyzing its reliability and validity.

Methods
" Training needs of chronic wound care knowledge of community nurses" questionnaire was self-designed. Spearman correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, content validity and structure validity of the questionnaire were evaluated.

Results
The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.973, and the structure validity was good. Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.823.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.921.

Conclusion
The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used to investigate the training needs of community nurses' knowledge of chronic wound care.

Key words:
Community nurse; Chronic wound; Wound care knowledge; Training needs; Reliability and Validity


Many publicly held companies provide financial information to investors in a variety of forms and formats. But not all companies provide the same level of information, or devote the same amount of resources to tailor information to users' needs. How can they provide a more user-focused view of the company's financial condition? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


INTRODUCTION When sociologists discuss social change, they often approach it from a systemic and evolutionary perspective. When using concepts like modernization or globalization, theorists of social change often ignore the question of how or why development has taken a particular direction. Instead, they concentrate on pointing out a new emergent era or age, such as postmodernity or reflexive modernization, showing how it can be identified and discerned from previous phases, and analysing how it has changed or will change society. In this way social change acquires a somewhat mystical character: it is seen as if it were a stone that is already pushed in motion, rolling down a hill with accelerating speed. This kind of theorizing is concerned with the consequences of the motion, not with the factors that explain it, because the change and its direction are seen as somehow natural and inevitable. Consider the notion of modernization. In its various guises it entails more or less openly the assumption that economic and technological development in a given country gradually leads into a similar social system, characterized by a market economy, democracy, individualism and differentiation. Talcott Parsons's modernization theory is an extreme example of such thinking. In the aftermath of the Second WorId War, Parsons and his


Objective To study the safety and feasibility of total cerebral angiography through transradial approach. Methods Sixty patients with positive Allen test were selected, without contraindications for cerebral angiography. After local administration of 1% lidocaine, the radial artery was punctured and a 5 Fr sheath was placed within the radial artery using seldinger technique and followed by aortic arch angiography respectively, using 5 Fr pig-tail and 5 Fr Simmon 3 catheters. Results Technical success was achieved in 58/60(96.7%). The rest 2 cases underwent ipsilateral transhumoral angiography due to failure of transradial approach. All patients presented a palpable pulse after procedure with no symptoms and signs of hand ischemia or other major complications. Conclusion Transradial cerebral angiography is safe and feasible with higher success rate, less complications, and more comfort; and ought to be adopted as the first choice for those who are eligible for this approach.


Wind generation with an uncertain nature poses many challenges in grid integration and secure operation of power system. One of these operation problems is the unit commitment. Demand Response (DR) can be defined as the changes in electric usage by end-use customers from their normal consumption patterns in response to the changes in the price of electricity over time. Further, DR can be also defined as the incentive payments designed to induce lower electricity use at the times of high wholesale market prices or when system reliability is jeopardized. This paper presents a novel approach for incorporating stochastic wind power generation and DR with Security-Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) for improving the security and economic operation in power systems. DR is one of the methods of managing the economic filed in unit commitment. Demand includes the fixed and responsive loads, and the volatile nature of wind power is modeled. Responsive loads can be curtailed or shifted to another off peak hours. The combination of wind power generation and DR to SCUC problem makes a large scale optimization problem which needs a heavy mathematical computation and time consuming process. So, benders decomposition technique is applied to reduce the volume of the computation and problem complexity. To reach a fast approach, a proposed statistical and probabilistic method for omitting infeasible terms is used. Numerical simulation and final results on a modified IEEE 6and 118-bus systems show the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach. Review History: Received: 23 January 2018 Revised: 12 May 2018 Accepted: 7 September 2018 Available Online: 25 September 2018


Two- and three-level designs in educational and psychological research can involve entire populations of Level-3 and possibly Level-2 units, such as schools and educational districts nested within a given state, or neighborhoods and counties in a state. Such a design is of increasing relevance in empirical research owing to the growing popularity of large-scale studies in these and cognate disciplines. The present note discusses a readily applicable procedure for point-and-interval estimation of the proportions of second- and third-level variances in such multilevel settings, which may also be employed in model choice considerations regarding ensuing analyses for response variables of interest. The method is developed within the framework of the latent variable modeling methodology, is readily utilized with widely used software, and is illustrated with an example.


In this work, the sliding mode control (SMC) problem is addressed for the discrete‐time interval type‐2 fuzzy singularly perturbed systems. A component‐based dynamic event‐triggering scheme is first proposed to determine the transmission of each measurement component according to the prespecified triggering condition, under which each sensor node will transmit independently its signal to the controller. Meanwhile, the SMC approach is used to design an effective interval‐type‐2 fuzzy controller by only utilizing the transmitted component signals, and the ε ‐independent conditions are developed to attain the stability of the closed‐loop system and the reachability of the sliding domain. In addition, a framework of the optimization control design is established, where the learning‐based iterative optimization algorithm is proposed via reducing the convergence domain around the sliding surface. Finally, the proposed SMC scheme is verified via the simulation results.


With the application of domestic pipeline steel in "Gas Transmitting from West to East" engineering, it is urgent to study sulfide stress corrosion cracking(SSCC)properties of domestic high strength pipeline steels. The constant load tensile test and slow strain rate test (SSRT) were adopted to study the effect of welding materials and cold work on the SSCC of pipeline steels in the solution with H_2S. The results suggested that different welding matches lead to different corrosive resistances of pipeline steels. A great deal of microstructure changes caused by cold work are in the state of high energy. With the increase of cold work of pipeline steels, consequently, the corrosion resistance for pipeline steels will decrease. In a word, welding match and cold work play an important role in corrosive properties of domestic high strength pipeline steels.


The Waterproof and moisture permeable fabrics which can greatly improve the fabric wearing characteristics were the fabric with waterproof,moisture permeable,cold proof and windproof performances,so all those features were distinctive and they had broad prospect of development in the market.The development of waterproof and moisture permeable fabric went through three stages which contained starting stage, the breakthrough stage and the overall development stage has been detailed;And the principles of waterproof and moisture permeability of waterproof and moisture permeable fabric has been introduced comprehensively,especially three methods of waterproofing and finishing that included the repellent,laminated and coated finishing.


De Montfort University has partnership arrangements with universities and colleges in a number of countries. Staff teaching or supporting De Montfort University courses, and all students registered for a De Montfort University course have access to university library resources.


We present here our work aimed at developing an open, network based visual software engineering environment for parallel processing called Visper. It is completely implemented in Java and supports the message-passing model. Java offers the basic platform independent services needed to integrate heterogeneous hardware into a seamless computational resource. Easy installation, participation and flexibility are seen as key properties when using the system. We believe the approach taken simplifies the development and testing of parallel programs by enabling modular, object oriented technique based on our extensions to the Java API. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The goal of this study was to formulate and evaluate the ofloxacin nanoparticles to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ofloxacin by loading in nanoparticle drug delivery system. Nanoparticles are especially designed to release the drugs in the vicinity of the target tissue. Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles with diameter ranging from 1nm - 1000nm.Ofloxacin is a first generation fluroquinolones antimicrobials it active against gram negative bacteria. Ofloxacin nanoparticles was prepared by emulsion polymerization method by using Eudragit S-100 polymer as a continuous phase for four different ratios such as (Drug: Polymer) (1:1), (1:2), (1:3) and (1:4).The polymer was dissolved in Dichloromethane and the solution was emulsified with the aqueous solution of ofloxacin containing 2% Tween 80 by stirring for 1 hrs at 15C with the aid of mechanical stirrer at 3000rpm.The nanoparticles was formed and separated by centrifugation. The formulated nanoparticles was evaluated for external morphological studies using scanning electron microscope, Drug content, invitro release studies and IR spectral analysis. The invitro release study was performed in phosphate buffer PH 7.4. In IR study reveals that more in no major shifting as well as non less of functional groups peak between the drug, polymer and drug loaded nanoparticles. The invitro release study showed that the formulation ratio (1:1) gives the better sustained effect over 88.13 % of drug was released at 8 hours. This study conclude that the ofloxacin nanoparticles are suitable candidates to produce good antibiotic prolong action of the drug nanoparticles.


The project, based on large studies in the context of the application nanoparticles in biological science and medicine. So, Firstly the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) Fe3O4 synthesized by a chemical Co-precipitation method with a cover layer of silica (to prevent excess oxidation and increases the sufficiency of the surface of the nanoparticles) that in the size of 20 nm were prepared. Then the core/shell structure of it detected by the analyses of the SEM, FT-IR. Purpose of this production was for using of the full performance level of nanoparticles in absorption of antibiotics, ampicillin (amp), thus that normal value is 100 μg.ml-1 of amp solved in 20 mg of MNPs on terms of room temperature and normal time 0.25 hr. The resulting sample was tested by the analysis UV-Vis spectrophotometer and the results obtained indicated that amp absorbed is stabilized 85% up on the surface of nanoparticles. The resulting link between those two, the kind of bond-electrostatic which was proved by the analysis of EDX. Eventually this combination to processing bactericidal was used. In this case, MNPs-amp combination in the normal value of 20 μl of a bacteria culture model was added during overnight (In-vitro). More, the results showed that 95% of the bacteria were killed. According to the results obtained, as antibacterial properties of MNPs-amp, became apparent. Lastly, MNPs was separated by magnet which controlled by external magnetic field. So it can be targeted to a system for the transfer between nanoparticles to bacteria for specification of quality antibacterial.


Interest in medicinal plants has increased with improving extraction and processing techniques of active products and especially with demonstrating their effectiveness in combating serious human diseases. The paper presents the way of determining chlorophyll pigments, NPK chemical compounds, obtaining a tincture; external application in order to fight against an illness or to heal wounds and their effects on the human organism are studied separately. Its valorisation requires however extensive research to scientifically substantiate such a remedy, which ultimately transforms it from a popular remedy in a drug that is grown to serve medicine. Aristolochia clematitis L., (Birthwort) is a species of herbaceous, perennial, gabbros and smelly plant that grows in cultivated areas and bushes. This weed is one of the most powerful herbs in our flora, with many applications. The toxicity of this plant is mainly due to the aristolochic acid which is a powerful carcinogen, but also due to other compounds (De Broe ME "exposure to aristolochic acid A, being a powerful nephrotoxin") existing in the plant require studying regarding the possibility of being used with therapeutic purposes. This is the reason why chlorophyll pigments have been determined which differ from plant to plant according to where the plant grows and its liveliness, the presence of certain chemical compounds, NPK content. Moreover, we also study the soil where the plants are harvested which is highly important for their development.


Stephen Covey (1989) described the concept of "sharpening the saw". After repeated use, poor and improper care, a saw will come blunt, dull and unable to perform its function of cutting wood. Can you imagine how difficult it would be to cut down a tree with blunt and dull saw? It can just be same with us if we do not take care of ourselves and live a balanced life. We become like the blunt saw and are not able to effectively tackle all the tasks that surround us. Gorakshnath about 1200 years ago started a new sect which is called Nath Sect. He professed and propogated Hath Yoga. His sermons are described as Gorakh vaani. What he said about 12 centuries ago still holds good. This paper discusses and analyses the sayings of Guru Gorakshnath in light of modern day cut throat, competitive world leadership skills and traits.


Abstract:This study provides detailed insight into the extent and pattern of occupational segregation by gender in a multi-group context in Pakistan. Microdata obtained from the labor force survey of Pakistan for years 2013-2018 are pooled to obtain more reliable estimates over time. The local segregation measures are used to study occupational segregation by gender and for several subgroups based on individual and labor market characteristics. The analysis is performed separately for rural and urban areas. Results show significantly high occupational gender segregation in the labor market overall. Females suffer greater occupational segregation than males in all subgroups across regions. It is also found that human capital characteristics such as higher education do not contribute to controlling the occupational segregation in the labor market. The study concludes that the occupational gender segregation in Pakistan can be explained by the devaluation hypothesis and compensating differentials theory.


Although there has been important progress in models and packages for the output of graphics to computer screens, there has been little change in the way that input from the mouse, keyboard, and other input devices is handled. New graphics standards are still using a fifteen-year-old model even though it is widely accepted as inadequate, and most modern window managers simply return a stream of low-level, device-dependent input events. This paper presents a new model that handles input devices for highly interactive, direct manipulation, graphical user interfaces, which could be used in future toolkits, window managers, and graphics standards. This model encapsulates interactive behaviors into a few "Interactor" object types. Application programs can then create instances of these Interactor objects which hide the details of the underlying window manager events. In addition, Interactors allow a clean separation between the input handling, the graphics, and the application programs. This model has been extensively used as part of the Garnet system and has proven to be convenient, efficient, and easy to learn.


NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY 80.4 (2017) 273 The Stratum E5 (later EB III) ceramic vessel assemblage at Tell es-Sâfi/Gath is largely reflective of domestic daily-life household functions. The repertoire includes storage, serving, and cooking vessels. It is the same type of assemblage that is commonly found in domestic contexts in other late EB III sites distributed across the region, for example, at Yarmuth (de Miroschedji 1988, 1993, 2003), Lachish (Gophna and Blockman 2004; Tuffnell 1958), Tell el-Hesi (Fargo 1980), and Tel Ira (Beit-Arieh 1999). The assemblage includes large serving platters (fig. 1a), storage jars with flaring rim (the most common vessel type, see fig. 1b), holemouth jars used for storing and cooking (fig. 1c), and bowls and platters used for serving, some decorated with web-pattern burnishing (fig. 1d; Shai et al. 2014; Uziel and Maeir 2012). Some vessels were coated with a white plaster-like matrix after the firing, probably to reduce porosity (Eliyahu-Behar et al. 2016). The petrographic analysis indicated that the holemouths or cooking ware are made of a recipe rich with coarse, mostly calcareous inclusions, while table-ware is made of finer clay, with sometimes grog (crushed sherds) inclusions. The analysis indicates most of the assemblage was of local production, with evidence of some commodity movement between sites. In the absence of direct evidence of production, pottery economics are ordinarily approached at regional scales of analysis. This is sufficient for determining site specialization, but precludes understanding service provision and the organization of manufacture within a settlement, whether household production and/or workshop production. Therefore, the ceramic technology project at Tell es-Sâfi/Gath is experimenting with an alternative approach for investigating producer specialization, based on a classification of shaping techniques. Results from our pilot study (Ross et al. in press) suggest that potters were skilled in different shaping techniques sufficiently enough to specialize in the manufacture of certain vessel categories and functional types. Shaping techniques are identified Ceramic Vessel Production and Use at Early Bronze Age Tell es. -S. âfi / Gath


Dziegielewski Piotr, Mikolajewska Emilia, Goch Aleksander. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients. Journal of Education , Health and Sport . 2015;5(8): 302 - 306 . ISSN 2391-8306 . DOI 10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.28813 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A302-306 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/611442 POL-index https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/polindex/browse/article/article-c640c258-b48f-4520-b83d-179a1f592c1b Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartośc merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., ze w roku 2014 nie bedzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktow co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.07.2015. Revised 21.08.2015. Accepted: 21.08.2015. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post-stroke patients Piotr Dziegielewski 1 , Emilia Mikolajewska 1,2,3 , Aleksander Goch 1,4 1 Department of Physiotherapy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medium in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun 2 Rehabilitation Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland 3 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun 4 Cardiology and Cardiosurgery Clinic, The 10th Clinical Military Hospital with Policlinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland Corresponding author: Emilia Mikolajewska Rehabilitation Clinic Military Clinical Hospital No. 10 and Polyclinic Powstancow Warszawy 5 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com www: http://emikolajewska.netstrefa.eu Keywords: neurorehabilitation; physiotherapy; stroke; neurological deficit; brain edema; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; HBOT; neuroprotection; neurotherapeutic effect. Abstract Stroke is regarded as the major cause of brain damage, chronic neurological impairments, functional deficits, and long-term disability worldwide. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) might be taken into consideration as relatively novel method for brain repair. This article aims at analysis the extent to which the available ooprtunities are being exploited, including limitations associated with therapeutic use of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients. Despite HBOT constitutes promising method in post-stroke patients  further research is needed to better define the role of HBOT in the therapy of post-stroke patients.


This paper describes the need for NaTech risk approach in the extraction and transport activities involving potentially hazardous substances, such as natural gas. Considering the increasing trend in frquency of extreme natural phenomena, industrial facilities are becoming increasingly vulnerable. This makes the scientists focus on predicting such phenomena and on reducing the vulnerability of elements exposed to risk. There are many such international pursuits supporting the extended evaluation studies of NaTech risks, both during the activities performed on the industrial site but especially before their design. NaTech type events, already occuring in the natural gas extraction industry, are an undeniable argument in favour of repetition probability, especially in areas at risk to occurrence of natural phenomena (especially the instability of the land).


The term "Foreign(er)" is generally used for people/thing with unknown origin, undiscovered and unrecognizable phenomenon which we do not have previous information. Humans take a distance until they analyze everything they are unfamiliar with and as a result of analyzing the unknown, positive or negative images might develop in his mind. These images can be based on one's own experience or can be shaped by what they hear. At this point, stereotypes are formed. Stereotypes are unchanging images and appear in every field. Martina Thiele categorized these stereotypes and as a result revealed the differences between areal, ethnic, religious, gender and sexuality, age, vocational, economic or class, and finally, body-related stereotypes. In this study, the works of Hatice Akyun and Osman Engin, who are among the immigrant writers living in Germany, are examined within the framework of this classification. In the same way, by presenting examples from the works, "auto-stereotypes" formed by the individual or the society itself, "hetero-stereotypes" created by the foreigner or someone else, and "metastereotypes" based on inferences from the stereotypes of the foreigner or someone else are also emphasized.


Using Evita (1978) as a case study, the article defines in aesthetic terms what has been derogatorily and summarily dismissed by many critics as spectacle in Andrew Lloyd Webber's megamusicals and investigates the reasons for their vast popularity. Cultural theory, from Walter Benjamin to Guy Debord and Fredric Jameson, shows that megamusicals, with their almost obsessive concentration on the visual aspects of the performance and the transformation of spectatorship into an overwhelming immersive experience, become emblematic of the socio-economic and phenomenological function of spectacle in postmodern culture – a fact that explains their immense commercial success. Moreover, the article argues that the current colonization of Broadway by spectacle has a long history, tracing anticipatory tendencies, which reflect how a spectacular society's new modes of technologically mediated perception have gradually modified and shaped Broadway's aesthetic production in the twentieth century. A partir de l'exemple d'Evita (1978), cet article propose une definition esthetique des supercomedies musicales d'Andrew Lloyd Webber, que la critique a souvent et sans trop y reflechir ecartees comme privees de toute valeur, et s'interroge sur les raisons de leur popularite. La theorie de la culture (Benjamin, Debord, Jameson) offre des outils pour mieux comprendre comment ces supercomedies musicales, doublement obsedees par les aspects visuels du spectacle et par le desir de transformer la participation au spectacle en une veritable experience immersive, devient comme un symbole des fonctions socio-economiques et phenomenologiques du spectacle dans une culture postmoderne –d'ou sans doute le succes immense de ces productions. L'article demontre aussi que la colonisation de Broadway par ce type de spectacles a une longue histoire. Il relit certains phenomenes qui ont anticipe la maniere dont les modes de perception technologiquement medies de la societe du spectacle ont influence et modifie les pratiques du spectacle a Broadway.


Samples of red pigment from a group of seven Roman-period Egyptian mummies, known as red-shroud mummies, are investigated. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOFMS) shows that the samples contain mostly Pb (83-92% by weight), along with 0.2-2.0% Sn. All of the samples are found to have similar trace element distributions when normalized to the continental crust, suggesting that they share a common geological origin. Lead isotope ratios are found to match the mixed lead sources typically associated with Rio Tinto, Spain - a site extensively mined for silver during the first century AD. Raman microspectroscopy identifies the major phase of each sample to be red lead (Pb 3 O 4 ) with a minor phase of lead tin oxide (Pb 2 SnO 4 ). Lead tin oxide does not occur naturally, and its incidental occurrence within the sample indicates that the material was heated under oxidative conditions at temperatures in excess of 650°C. In archaeological contexts, the high-temperature oxidative treatment of lead is typically associated with metallurgical refinement processes such as cupellation. Based on this evidence, it is argued that the pigment was produced out of litharge associated with silver cupellation at the Rio Tinto site.


Rotating object detection is more challenging than horizontal object detection because of the multi-orientation of the objects involved. In the recent anchor-based rotating object detector, the IoU-based matching mechanism has some mismatching and wrong-matching problems. Moreover, the encoding mechanism does not correctly reflect the location relationships between anchors and objects. In this paper, RBox-Diff-based matching (RDM) mechanism and angle-first encoding (AE) method are proposed to solve these problems. RDM optimizes the anchor-object matching by replacing IoU (Intersection-over-Union) with a new concept called RBox-Diff, while AE optimizes the encoding mechanism to make the encoding results consistent with the relative position between objects and anchors more. The proposed methods can be easily applied to most of the anchor-based rotating object detectors without introducing extra parameters. The extensive experiments on DOTA-v1.0 dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed methods over other advanced methods.


The transistor arrangement optimization is an effective possibility to improve logic gates and, consequently, VLSI design. This paper presents a graph-based methodology to determine if an ISOP may be implemented in non-series-parallel (NSP) switch arrangement. The proposed method aims to combine the cubes of such ISOP to build a graph where the vertices represent the cubes and the edges exist whether the vertices have common literals. Hence, if the obtained graph has the same topology of a `bridge' arrangement and each cube has all literals shared through the edges, this ISOP may be efficiently implemented through a NSP transistor network. The experiments were performed over the set of 4-input P-class Boolean functions, and the results were compared to the Moore's catalog. These experiments demonstrate that the proposed method tends to deliver optimal solutions for unate functions. Moreover, the method was able to determine equivalent SP or NSP transistor arrangements in 82.69% of the cases when considering a set of non-unate functions.


This paper analyzes the stress of the printed circuit board (PCB) packaged by cushion materials after drop and investigates the stress of PCB under the different drop height, different cushion materials and different drop ground using ANSYS finite element software. The stress of PCB is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively after drop, the results show: (1) The stress of the product is effected by drop height and the performance of dropping ground in a large extent; (2) The protect performance varies with the ways of cushioning packaging; (3) Within a certain range, the cushion material with smaller elastic modulus is better due to absorb the impact more energy and can bear the impact force is greater.


This paper presents the first determination of the average global and regional response of ring current (RC) flux intensity versus four key solar wind (SW) and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters: SW electric field (ESW), IMF polarity (BZ,IMF), SW pressure (PSW), and SW speed (VSW). We analyze energetic neutral atom (ENA) images from Two Wide‐angle Imaging Neutral‐atom Spectrometers (TWINS) to measure the RC response, and use 5‐min downstream‐propagated data from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and Wind to measure SW driving. Our imaging data comprises 61 events, including 1,838 global 2D equatorial maps of line‐of‐sight (LOS) averaged ion flux derived from background‐subtracted, 15 min TWINS ENA images spanning 1–30 keV. Average spatial and spectral distributions were organized into four driver strength groups for each SW parameter. ESW has the strongest correlation with RC ion flux (coefficients are [0.95, 0.94, 0.88] at [1, 16, 30] keV, respectively), confirming that magnetospheric convection is a primary driver. In case studies, the global RC responds rapidly (≤15 min) to changes in ESW ranging from strong to weak. PSW is correlated with RC intensity, though not as strongly as ESW, indicating the secondary importance of PSW‐driven compression in RC injections. Strong ESW increases lower‐energy ions farther eastward and higher‐energy ions closer to midnight, consistent with an energy‐dependent interplay between magnetic drift and convection. The strongest SW driving preferentially increases the least energetic ions, suggesting that quasi‐steady convection can load the nightside RC with cooler ions.


An exact equation for the Lagrangian two‐time velocity joint probability density function (pdf) is derived from the Navier–Stokes equation. The pdf equation contains as an unknown the conditional expectation of the fluid acceleration. A linear Markov model is proposed which leads to a modeled equation that is consistent both with Kolmogorov's theory in the inertial subrange and with Reynolds‐stress models. The dissipation rate is obtained from the joint pdf in a way that is consistent with the modeled dissipation equation. A Monte Carlo method can be used to solve the modeled two‐time pdf equation for inhomogeneous turbulent flows.


Since the beginning of human history, people have wondered how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Although children often look more like one parent than the other, most offspring seem to be a blend of the characteristics of both parents. Centuries of breeding of domestic plants and animals had shown that useful traits speed in horses, strength in oxen, and larger fruits in crops can be accentuated by controlled mating. However, there was no scientific way to predict the outcome of a cross between two particular parents.


Abstract Because attempts to scale up the published synthetic preparation of p‐aminophenethylspiperone (NAPS) by N‐alkylation of spiperone with 4‐nitrophenethyl bromide followed by reduction gave poor yields and difficulties during purification, an alternative synthetic approach has been developed. Use of 4‐(N‐tert‐butyloxycarbonyl) aminophenethyl bromide to alkylate spiperone followed by the Boc group deprotection gave NAPS in 56% yield. This procedure provides an improved and efficient synthesis of the important high‐affinity, selective D2‐dopamine receptor antagonist NAPS.


It is most important to Tap intellectual resources and reduce the gap between eastern and western talent to lessen the deference between eastern and western economy and realize coordinate development of Chinese economy and society.This paper analyses the deference east and west in the population quality and secondary,higher education,which shows serious disproportion in the primary educational and secondary,high educational scope and quantity in the west.Thus the author advances effective measures to develop western secondary,higher education,improve population quality and tap intellectual resources.


CONVENTIONAL automatic voltage control for a regulating transformer is not designed to detect and correct for fluctuations directly in a d-c line, yet close control of the voltage across the 40-kv rectifier output was required recently for a radar pulsing station. The problem was solved with the design of a new d-c sensing control using two high-gain transistor-magnetic bistable amplifiers and a varistor detector. The low-voltage tap on a bleeder-resistance bank across the 40-kv line is the link that made possible this method of voltage sensing.


The enhanced recovery programme is performed in an increasing number of UK hospitals and can reduce hospital stays to around 4 days. Early feeding, early mobilization and provision of preoperative information are included in enhanced recovery. In this article, Jennie Burch discusses the principles of enhanced recovery and describes a trip to Sweden to observe another enhanced recovery centre. While there are similarities between the author′s centre and the Swedish centre, there are still opportunities to learn and share experiences. Enhanced recovery can only succeed if the multidisciplinary team collaborate and work together.


Conventionally, evaluation of a new drug, A, is done in three phases. Phase I is based on toxicity to determine a "maximum tolerable dose" (MTD) of A, phase II is conducted to decide whether A at the MTD is promising in terms of response probability, and if so a large randomized phase III trial is conducted to compare A to a control treatment, C, usually based on survival time or progression free survival time. It is widely recognized that this paradigm has many flaws. A recent approach combines the first two phases by conducting a phase I‐II trial, which chooses an optimal dose based on both efficacy and toxicity, and evaluation of A at the selected optimal phase I‐II dose then is done in a phase III trial. This paper proposes a new design paradigm, motivated by the possibility that the optimal phase I‐II dose may not maximize mean survival time with A. We propose a hybridized design, which we call phase I‐II/III, that combines phase I‐II and phase III by allowing the chosen optimal phase I‐II dose of A to be re‐optimized based on survival time data from phase I‐II patients and the first portion of phase III. The phase I‐II/III design uses adaptive randomization in phase I‐II, and relies on a mixture model for the survival time distribution as a function of efficacy, toxicity, and dose. A simulation study is presented to evaluate the phase I‐II/III design and compare it to the usual approach that does not re‐optimize the dose of A in phase III.


Risk assessment is a very important part of every organization's management process. The exposure to risk points at the need for the definition and implementation of a set of preventive risk management measures through which specific standards, procedures and tools are being used. The systematic assessment and constant monitoring of risks can be important factors in avoiding negative consequences and may play a significant role in achieving previously set goals. The final assessment report is of great importance to technical staff, management and auditors, both internal and external. This work presents a series of steps for the implementation of risk assessment procedures using information and communication technologies.


Advances in UAV communication are being brought about by the widespread adoption of wireless communication technologies for all indoor and outdoor connectivity. Drone networks are increasingly being used for civil purposes and are gaining popularity. In this paper, different secure communication system in UAV is studied based on the different attacks and challenges. Different criteria are used to analyze these protocols and techniques, with the aim of identifying their proposed works. In this study, three secure UAV communication protocols as UAVCAN, UranusLink, and MavLink are examined in relation to various attacks and have looked at the issue of optimizing trajectory design and joint channel secure communication.


PurposeThis study aims to explore the moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between organizational leadership and organizational culture in the banking sector.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprised of 331 full-time bank employees in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The reliability and validity of the data were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, with structural equation modeling as the main means of analysis, run using SMART-PLS in the data analysis.FindingsThe study concluded that all four leadership styles (transformational, transactional, servant and sustainable leadership styles) had a positive effect on banks' efficiency. Organizational culture also had a direct positive effect on banks' efficiency in Ghana. The study concludes that organizational culture positively moderated the relationship between organizational leadership and organizational efficiency in the banking industry. This implies organizational culture strengthens the relationship between organizational leadership and organizational efficiency in the banking industry.Research limitations/implications– A limitation of this study was to consider organizational culture as a composite variable, instead of considering the effects of the individual dimensions (clan culture, adhocracy culture, hierarchy culture and market culture). Although using the composite variable was not theoretically wrong, each of the four dimensions had unique characteristics and may influence organizational outcomes differently, and should have been considered.Practical implicationsTo achieve strategic organizational outcomes, leaders are to comprehend the various leaderships styles and how they could be transformed to influence organizational outcomes.Originality/valuePast studies have paid limited attention to the interaction between organizational leadership and organizational culture, and how this affects organizational efficiency.


Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica), followed by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) or squash (Cucurbita pepo L. var. melopepo), and then broccoli were produced in succession re-using the same polyethylene- mulched beds at two locations with different soil types. First-crop broccoli yield was earlier and greater with drip than with overhead irrigation and increased as N-K rate increased from 135-202 to 270-404 kg·ha


With the application of the stapler,complications resulted from stapler have arisen.Stapler failure in upper digestive tract reconstruction surgery includes two conditions.One is stapler failure found during operation.The other is after operation.The former should be treated instantly during operation and observed closely.Anastomotic stricture of the latter should be treated by gastroscopic balloon dilation firstly.If the treatment is invalid,reoperation should be performed.Anastomotic leakage and bleeding should be managed by conservative treatment firstly.Reoperation should be performed based on patient's condition.


This paper describes results obtained with a hot cathode constricted arc plasma source and a single aperture three electrode accel‐decel extraction system. The energy range covered is 5–25 keV for positive ions and 1.7–12.5 keV for neutral beams. Ion currents of the order of 80 mA H3+ and 100 mA He+ at the higher energies have been obtained through a 3.8 cm diam aperture at a distance of 180 cm from the source. The performance as a neutral injector has been evaluated by using the present PHOENIX II experiment. Finally, the relationship between experiment and theory and the limitations of this type of source are discussed.


We examine Asean Corporate Governance and Quality Audit for analyzing Good Corporate Governance and Audit Quality to real earnings management, with control variable, Leverage, Size, Country and Country. Real Earnings Management calculate by three proxy, Abnormal cash flow, Abnormal Discretionary Expense and Abnormal Production. From 34 company of manufacture in Asean CG Scorecard Top 50 and Top 30 or Cross Country Asean during 2014 till 2016, we conclude Asean Corporate Governance, Quality Audit as Independent variable have impact to Real Earning Managements. Same as independent variable, all control variable, Leverage, Size, Country and Country also Impact to Real Earning Managements. It shown highest average point. Asean CG Scorecard from Thailand significant to real earning management


To the extent that data constitutes creative work in a tangible form, it represents intellectual property and implicates copyright. Understanding data mining, thus, invokes an appreciation of the principle and law of copyright. With the advent of digital rights management (DRM), the discourse of the U.S. law of copyright has shifted from fair use to circumventions of copyright-protecting software by hackers. In light of the ever-rising market power of transnational media corporations, this essay engages the political philosophy of Antonio Gramsci to address a normative question of who ought to control protected content and to what extent. It identifies six inflection points for any effort to divest copyright law of the disproportionate influence of corporate lobbying. Underlying the discussion is a presumption that reform of the law of copyright through dialogue among key stakeholders – creative individuals, technology innovators, legislators, policy makers, international mediators, data miners and other scholars, and transnational corporations – would help preempt any Gramsci-prescribed socialist reaction to the exclusive copyright regime enabled by DRM.


Objective:To observe effects of individualized guidance on compliance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)using noninvasive mechanical ventilation for the first time.Methods:Totally 93 patients with COPD were randomized into control group(n=46)and observation group(n=47).Patients in control group were treated with traditional routine while those in observation group were implemented by individualized guidance on the basis of conventional treatment.Evaluation was made on compliance of patients using noninvasive mechanical ventilation for the first time according to patients'tolerance to noninvasive ventilator at different time periods,arterial blood gas results,invasive mechanical ventilation rate and duration in ICU.Results:Rate of intubation was 23.91% in control group and hospitalized days in control group were(15.00±2.80)d.Rate of intubation in observation group was 8.51% and hospitalized days in observation group were(9.70±2.10)d.There were significant differences between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusions:Individualized instruction helps to improve compliance of patients using noninvasive mechanical ventilation thus to promote noninvasive ventilation rate.


Globalization is the all-directional development course in economic, cultural and legal field. The process of legal globalization has offered one system for reference to law education. It is urgent for the law education in China to deepen reform in order to satisfy the legal professional requirement under changeable environment.


Busway lane must be planned carefully, so that it can reach a number of points in an area efficiently. Problem that occurs is how to find the shortest route in a busway lane, this problem can be solved by using Ant algorithm. Naturally, ant colony will be able to find the shortest path on their way from nest to food sources by using pheromone. The Ant algorithm procedure to find shortest path in this research is using 100 ants to track all the path in a busway lane, drop pheromone on each path, the shorter a path is, the more pheromone gets accumulated on the path, and pheromone evaporates in each iteration. After going through a number of iterations, the pheromone will accumulate on the shortest path and all ants will follow the shortest path. Application can be used to find the shortest path from a busway lane planning in Medan using Ant algorithm. For a maximum of 30 terminals, ant algorithm requires only about 28 seconds to find the shortest route.


In 1905–1906, the realistic "revolution" of Ibsen's dramaturgy set the stage for several important writers to examine class politics and morality in modern Europe. Maxim Gorky, a contemporary and friend of Chekhov, was living in political exile after fleeing Russia in the aftermath of the 1905 revolution. Inspired by the turbulent events he had experienced, Gorky's Enemies examined the precarious world of Russian society as the bourgeoisie lived in an uneasy tension with the working class. Across Europe, Harley Granville barker realized his desire for an avant-garde national theatre at the Court Theatre in London, also home to the plays of George bernard Shaw. barker's interest in large "uneconomical" casts and the politics of class and wealth resulted in The Voysey Inheritance, a family drama that shared many concerns with Gorky's play.


Commentators have long noted that God's commandment to Noah to bring all animals onto the ark exists in two intertwined versions in the biblical text. In the first version, Noah is told to bring two of every species: "And of every living thing, of all flesh, you shall bring two of every kind into the ark, to keep them alive with you; they shall be male and female" (Gen 6:19 nrsv). In the second version, however, the animal kingdom is divided into pure and impure species: "Take with you seven pairs of all pure animals, the male and its mate; and a pair of the animals that are not pure, the male and its mate; and seven pairs of the birds of the air also, male and female, to keep their kind alive on the face of all the earth" (Gen 7:2–3). Noah then sacrifices some of the pure animals and birds after the flood (Gen 8:20).


Sodium ascorbate (vitamin C), a compound that is sensitive to photochemical oxidation, was stabilized against UV light 120-fold (t 1/2 increased from about 0.9 h to 112h) by entrapping the vitamin in the form of an α-cyclodextrin complex in the aqueous phase of multilamellar liposomes composed of equimolar phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, and containing the light absorbers oil red O and sulisobenzone in their lipid and aqueous phases respectively.

α-Cyclodextrin, the smallest of the natural cyclodextrins, was found to accommodate sodium ascorbate in its cavity with a stability constant of 112 M−1, calculated kinetically. The identification of the formed inclusion complex was carried out in the solid state by differential scanning calorimetry. Entrapment values for all compounds incorporated in liposomes were calculated simultaneously by derivative spectrophotometry.


The conformational flexibility of two glycal-type neuraminidase inhibitors has been studied, using several molecular modeling techniques. In agreement with the experimental data available, an intramolecular hydrogen bond, representing a key structural feature that controls the conformer distribution in solution, has been identified. The contribution of each substituent to the overall equilibrium was evaluated using simplified derivatives. Additionally, four methods for estimating NMR coupling constants from dihedral angles were evaluated and the Haasnoot method was found to be appropriate for this class of sugars. These results should allow a better understanding of the structural parameters governing physico-chemical properties of glycal-like compounds. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry to view the free supplemental file.


Background: Using the Precede-Proceed health education model to help women establish behaviors of breast cancer screening. Methods: A total of 520 women from four communities were selected, and they were divided into the Precede-Proceed group (270 cases) and the control group (250 cases) by different communities. According to the baseline survey and assessment results, the Precede-Proceed group conducted breast cancer and screening health education for 12 months. The control group only received the traditional health education. Results: Actually, 266 women were treated in Precede-Proceed group and 240 women in control group in this study. 12 months later, the scores of breast cancer and screening knowledge, attitude and behaviors were significantly increased in the Precede -Proceed group, and significantly higher than those of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P


Activated carbon is an important material for use in electrochemical supercapacitor that depend on charge storage in the electrode/electrolyte intefacial double layer and electrode property. The purpose of this study is to review the application of activated carbon as supercapacitor electrode in aqueous electrolyte.


Potential-dependent transformations of surface structures, Pt oxidation states, and Pt–O bondings in Pt/C, Au(core)-Pt(shell)/C (denoted as Au@Pt/C), and Pd(core)-Pt(shell)/C (denoted as Pd@Pt/C) cathode catalysts in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) during the voltage-stepping processes were characterized by in situ (operando) X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). The active surface phase of the Au@Pt/C for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was suggested to be the Pt3Au alloy layer on Au core nanoparticles, while that of the Pd@Pt/C was the Pt atomic layer on Pd core nanoparticles. The surfaces of the Pt, Au@Pt and Pd@Pt nanoparticles were restructured and disordered at high potentials, which were induced by strong Pt–O bonds, resulting in hysteresis in the structural and electronic transformations in increasing and decreasing voltage operations. The potential-dependent restructuring, disordering, and hysteresis may be relevant to hindered Pt performance, Pt dissolution to the electrolyte, and degra...


Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation is an effective method of obtaining fresh water from seawater and wastewater. However, there are still challenges for its practical application due to insufficient light absorption...


The invention discloses a method for producing a plasticizer which can improve the filtration efficiency and the pumping quality of a cigarette filter rod; the plasticizer which is produced by the method can cause the cigarette filter rod to enhance the capacity to filter harmful substances, so the harmful components of aldehyde, benzene, and phenol in the cigarette mainstream smoke are significantly reduced, and the pumping quality of the cigarette is improved. The purpose is achieved by the following technical proposal: A. glyceryl triacetate is heated; when the temperature reaches 30-50 DEG C, cellulase and hemicellulase are added into the glyceryl triacetate; in accordance with the part by weight, the cellulase/glyceryl triacetate is less than 0.008, and the hemicellulase/glyceryl triacetate is less than 0.0085; B. the temperature is maintained at 30-50 DEG C, and then stirring is carried out to the mixture until the cellulase and hemicellulase are completely dissolved; and C. thestirring is stopped; and after the bubbles are completely dispersed, when the mixture has no small particles and other fine impurities by observation, the dissolution is completed, and then heat preservation is stopped, and finally the mixture is cooled to room temperature.


This article is a proposal of critical investigation of the novel Avalovara (1973), by Osman Lins. We will analyze the novel by Osman Lins seeking to comprehend how its structural constitution with fragmentary aspect produces a movement of thematic tension in which certain types of violence that implicate into suffering are replaced by an erotic transgression that intermediates an attitude of autonomy and authenticity of the characters. Our intention is to understand that the use of the technique of the stream of consciousness, as a manner of being acquainted about what is going on in the characters' mind, give us condition to perceive with a wider perspective that in the interior of the individual exists a dialectic insistence in exposing the negativity of the concepts about the erotic world in which one experiences, evading from a positive and ontological objectivity in favor of a negative heterogeneity of the conscience of being in the world.


The DANE Beam Test Facility (BTF) has been suc- cessfully commissioned in February 2002, and started op- eration in November of the same year. Although the BTF is a beam transfer line optimized for single particle produc- tion, mainly for high energy detectors calibration, it can provide electrons and positrons in a wide range of multi- plicity: between 1÷10 10 , with energies from a few tens of MeV up to 800 MeV. The large multiplicity range re- quires many different diagnostic devices, from high-energy calorimeters and ionization/fluorescence chambers in the few particles range, to standard beam diagnostics systems. The schemes of operation, the commissioning results, as well as the beam diagnostics are presented. intercepted by a (variable depth) target in order to strongly increase the energy spread of the primary beam; then the out-coming particles are energy selected by means of a bending magnet and slit system. The energy selector only accepts a small fraction of the resulting energy distribu- tion, thus reducing of the number of electrons by a large and tunable factor. The target is shaped in such a way that three different values of radiation length can be selected (1.7,2.0,2.3 X0) by inserting it at different depths into the beam-pipe. The attenuated beam is transported by a 12 m transfer line to the BTF hall, where the experimental set- ups can be installed. The dipole magnet, together with a downstream collimator, selects the momentum of the parti- cles. At the end of the BTF line a second bending magnet allows to use two separate test lines: one directly from the straight section, the other from the magnet at 45. Due to the momentum dispersion introduced by the bending magnet, the relative energy spread E/E is essentially determined by the magnet/collimators configuration(2); in the standard BTF operation for a wide range of slit apertures a resolution better than 1% can be obtained. The number of transported electrons (or positrons) can be adjusted in a wide range, down to single particle, and is well below the sensitivity of any standard beam diagnostics device, so that many different particle detectors have been used to monitor the beam characteristics.


This paper is an introduction to the special issue of Dalat University Journal of Science – Economics and Management on entrepreneurship in Vietnam. There are four papers in this special issue. The first paper examines the impact of institutions on entrepreneurship using data from the Provincial Competitive Index. The second paper utilizes a different set of institutional indicators from the World Bank's Vietnam Enterprise Survey to assess the impacts of business environment on the development of SMEs. In both papers, the authors find that institutional factors such as entry barriers, lack of policy support systems, informal payment, provincial leadership, lack of access to finance, administrative and procedures, and tax inspections hindered the development of entrepreneurship in Vietnam. The third paper investigates the absence of medium-sized enterprises and the necessity for the development of such enterprises is critically important for Hochiminh City. Using primary and secondary data sources, the author presents a case study on two strategic sectors in the city. The result indicates that medium-sized enterprises are proven to be more effective than large-scale enterprises. The last paper focuses on social entrepreneurship in Vietnam. The authors use Hofstede's measure of cultural differences to compare social ventures in Vietnam and the United States.


Ruminal degradubility pattern of DM and NDF of batch and continuously oil extracted rice bran (DRB) were evaluated in sacco using 3 fistulated calves. The effective DM degradability was significantly higher in continuous DRB (43.81%) than batch type DRB (33.70%). No significant difference was observed in effective degradability of NDF which were 26.03 and 25.27 per cent for continous and batch type DRB, respectively. Replacement of 20 to 30 percent of wheat bran with continuous DRB in concentrate mixture did not depress in vitro degradability and rumen fermentation, however, even 10 percent inclusion of the batch type DRB had adversely affected IVDMI) and IVCFD.


Self-made liquid isoprene rubber( SLIR) and commercial product LIR-50 were substituted respectively for equal amount of natural rubber( NR) in cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber( BR) / NR blend and their effect on the properties of the blends were investigated. The results showed that the introduction of LIR improved wet skid resistance,but increased rolling resistance. With increasing LIR amount in the range of 5- 15 phr, the tensile strength,tear strength and elongation at break of the BR / NR vulcanizates decreased slightly,but the abrasion and the heat build-up of the vulcanizates increased to some extent,indicating the similar effect of the two LIRs.


A Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer equipped with a microscopic accessory was used to monitor the cellulose crystalline structure at each developmental stage of coniferous tracheid cell wall formation. The spectra showed that the cellulose in the primary cell wall was rich in the metastable Iα crystalline form and interestingly had a higher crystallinity than the secondary wall cellulose composed mainly of the stable Iβ crystalline phase. These results indicate the presence of an in vivo physical force at the cell surface which may stress the primary wall cellulose during the crystallization. Moreover, the primary wall cellulose was oriented parallel to the enlarging direction of growing cells. Thus, we consider that the cellular growing stress generated between the plasma membrane and the primary wall may elongate just-biosynthesized β-glucan chains and cause them to crystallize with a higher crystallinity of the metastable Iα phase, as is the case for crystallization occurring during the d...


BACKGROUND: Numerous literature on the migration of Mishings point out to the fact that the Mishing and the Minyong are two culturally and linguistically cognate tribes that co-existed in the same ecology in the hills of Arunachal Pradesh. The Mishing tribe after migration, now inhabits flood-prone areas of Brahmaputra valley of Assam. AIM: The study aims to measure the adaptation process of these two cognate tribes inhabiting two different ecologies at present: Hills and plains by calculating the index of selection intensity by Crow's and Johnston and Kensinger's formulae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The reproductive histories of 77 Mishing mothers of completed fertility inhabiting a flood affected village of Assam and 74 Minyong mothers inhabiting a hilly village of Arunachal Pradesh are selected. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The Minyongs show higher average fertility than the Mishings. The proportion of embryonic death is higher, and child death is lower among the Mishings (0.1661; 0.1623) than the Minyongs (0.1319; 0.2238). The index of selection due to mortality component is contributing more toward the total index of selection in both the tribes. CONCLUSION: The contribution of mortality component is sizeable to the total selection like many other tribes of North-East India. Higher proportion of embryonic deaths among the Mishings infers that the causes are mostly biological whereas, the higher proportion of child deaths among the Minyongs infers that the causes are mostly socio-cultural.


In the field of transportation of petroleum and its products by pipe line, the 24-inch and 20-inch lines, built by War Emergency Pipelines, Inc., from Texas to the Middle Atlantic Coast as emergency war projects, rank as world record breakers. The 24-inch line for crude oil is the largest ever built, and pipe-liners have picturesquely named it the Big Inch. The 20-inch products line is the largest for refined products and the longest line in existence, and is called the Little Big Inch. All pumping stations on both of these lines are operated by electric power, and in its application a number of interesting engineering problems developed. Results of the consideration given to these problems to meet successfully the anticipated operating conditions are given in this paper, and may be grouped as covering 1. Adequate protection of main pump motors and their circuits when supplied with power through transformers having various connections. 2. Use of capacitors for maintaining voltage on ``soft'' power systems, and their proper switching for optimum effect. 3. Power-utilization-equipment performance obtained as the result of emergency engineering under war conditions.


The preferential transport of neutral cation-anion moieties in neutral macrocycle-facilitated emulsion liquid membranes is described. The separations of CdA/sub 2/ from Zn/sup 2 +/ and HgA/sub 4//sup 2 -/ where A/sup -/ = SCN/sup -/, I/sup -/, Br/sup -/, or Cl/sup -/; or Hg(SCN)/sub 2/ from Cd/sup 2 +/ and Zn/sup 2 +/; and of Cd(SCN)/sub 2/ from several cation-containing moieties are used to illustrate the principle. Equilibrium constants for cation-source phase coanion, cation-macrocycle, and cation-receiving phase reagent interaction as well as the free energy of hydration of the transporting moiety are examined as parameters for the prediction of cation transport selectivities. An emulsion liquid membrane consisting of an aqueous source phase, 0.02 M dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 in toluene membrane, and an aqueous receiving phase containing Mg-S/sub 2/O/sub 3/ or Mg(NO/sub 3/)/sub 2/ is used to obtain the transport data. Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate) is used as the surfactant (3% (v/v)).


Expressions are given for the calculation of the annual fuel costs, both when physical and metallurgical factors set the limit of the burn-up. The reduced-value method forms the basis for the calculations. (auth)


Translational medicine is often defined through its process. Researchers from different disciplines may see the process differently (Figure 1) (1). Basic scientists and clinicians may describe it as the "bench to bedside" approach of medical research (2). Only a few institutes of translational medicine realize that Health Services & Policy Research (HSPR) is an important component in translational medicine (3,4). Health services & policy researchers can bridge laboratory research, clinical studies, community practice, and health policy to improve public health.

Figure 1

Process of translational medicine from different researchers' perspective.

The goal of translational medicine is to translate academic research into population health (5). US National Health Institute launched the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program in 2006 to strengthen the full spectrum of translational research. In 2012, NIH published a summary report based on the stakeholders' feedback about the CTSA program. Only two vague long-term outcomes were proposed to measure the value added by the CTSA program: increased utilization of new treatments in the community and community health indicators improvement (6). However, the CTSA program has realized that NIH should engage with Center of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to promote HSPR such as comparative effectiveness research and patient centered outcomes research. Basic scientists and clinicians need to work synergistically with health services & policy researchers in the translational process.

HSPR in translational medicine is different from the biostatistical support in the current CTSA program. HSPR evaluates effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the new technology or treatment with observational data and survey data when the new treatment expands discovery to larger patient populations. HSPR employs comparative effectiveness research to determine if a certain treatment or technology works in a real-world setting when the practice-oriented stage of translational research is implemented and find out subgroups of patients who benefit the most (or the least) from the new therapy. If everything was successful, we need to evaluate the current healthcare policy and delivery system to identify barriers to disseminate and implement the new therapy and propose certain policy changes to efficiently reach clinicians and patients. In summary, translational medicine is not just bench to bedside, prototype to device, or beaker to pill. HSPR is an essential component of translational medicine.

It is a critical move for Annals of Translational Medicine to create a new HSPR column. This new column will provide a forum for the researches that bridge academic research, health policy, and medical practice. The articles appearing in this column will be authored by scholars from universities, government, private research organizations, and industry. We welcome all submissions that examine how and whether new therapies and research knowledge reach the intended people and are implemented efficiently. The publications from the HSPR column will strengthen communication with practitioners and policymakers and influence medical practice and health policy at all administrative levels.


Deaf Mental Health Care, ed. Neil S. Glickman (New York: Routledge, 2013, 398 pp., paperback, ISBN 978-0-415-89475-3, $61.95)Deaf Mental Health Care draws on the expertise and experience of respected American and British clinicians and educators. The ten-chapter edited volume, featuring cross-disciplinary perspectives and deaf-hearing collaborations, provides a historical context for a thorough examination of culturally affirmative approaches to mental health care with deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Acknowledging the great diversity within the deaf and hard of hearing population, the focus is on individuals who have experienced profound language deprivation, sometimes with an underlying neurological corollary, often compounded by abuse and trauma. Generally related to inadequate or extremely delayed exposure to a signed language, language deprivation affects mental health and well-being, one's fund of knowledge and literacy, social relationships, social responsibility, and socially appropriate behavior. Glickman proposes a name for this disorder: Language deprivation with deficiencies in behavioral, social and emotional adjustment (65).Testimony to Glickman s editorial experience and excellence is the consistency of style and terminology. Core themes described in the introduction and carried throughout the text include the preponderance of deaf individuals with language deprivation in the inpatient mental health population and the criminal justice system, the role of pretreatment with this population, a strengths-based approach to interventions, the balancing of cultural and clinical competence, the key role of deaf professionals, challenges in deaf/hearing partnerships, the alignment of therapeutic techniques with a visually oriented world view, signed languages, and Deaf culture. Highlights of each chapter follow.Chapter i, Lessons Learned from 23 Years of a Deaf Psychiatric Unit, by Neil S. Glickman, examines the prevalence of language deprivation and abuse histories among persons often admitted to the hospital excessively medicated and inaccurately diagnosed by providers unfamiliar with deaf and hard of hearing persons, relatively few of whom have actual major mental illnesses.The chapter also introduces the concept of "pre-treatment," a process of educating and motivating clients to be ready to participate in therapy and rehabilitation, and explains how a good deaf inpatient program provides a framework for culturally and clinically competent community-based care.Chapter 2, Deaf/Hearing Cross-Cultural Conflicts and the Creation of Culturally Competent Treatment Programs, by Michael John Gournaris and Alison L.Aubrecht, describes "relational postures" that deaf and hearing persons assume in relating to each other which can help understand and address the cross-cultural conflicts and personnel problems that may arise in the workplace.Chapter 3, Sign Language Dysfluency in Some Deaf Persons: Implications for Interpreters and Clinicians Working in Mental Health Settings, by Neil S. Glickman and Charlene Crump, explores the role of interpreters in illuminating clients' language issues as collaborators with clinicians in evaluations. The authors address the challenge of distinguishing between distortions due to disturbance of thought related to mental illness or brain dysfunction and language dysfluency or language idiosyncrasy related to language deprivation.Chapter 4, Creating a Culturally Affirmative Continuum of Mental Health Services: The Experiences of Three States, by Michael John Gournaris, Steve Hamerdinger, and Roger C. Williams, discusses common elements essential to effective statewide systems, including centralized coordination, offering a continuum of culturally affirmative services that are trusted by the Deaf community, and the capacity to provide services across catchment areas.Chapter 5, Creating Culturally and Clinically Competent Deaf Residential Programs, by Neil S. …


This dissertation proposes a novel calibration system capable of automatically calibrating industrial robots. Often, inaccurate assumptions about real links parameters or even small offsets exist in the individual robot joints that lead to errors in the internal kinematic model equation and, as a consequence, affect the accuracy of a robotic system. To solve this problem, the proposed approach introduces a completely new technique for industrial robot calibration. The proposed system consists of an industrial robot manipulator, a camera, a laser fixture attached to the robot tool center point (TCP), a PC-based interface, and a new position sensitive calibration device (PSCD). This wireless calibration device is comprised of two fixed position sensitive detectors (PSDs) tilted with an angle between them to reflect the laser line from one PSD to the other. Such a device is capable of feeding back the movement information needed to localize the TCP frame relative to the device frame. The new calibration approach is not only able to compute the joint offset parameters of the robot but is also capable of simultaneously calibrating the robot's workpiece relationship. It was also designed to be faster, simpler and cheaper than any other methods. Throughout this dissertation, the newly developed calibration device, the principle of our calibration system and the control approach needed to achieve automation of the entire system are presented and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of the overall calibration system including device hardware, software and calibration algorithms was demonstrated with experimental results.


The effect of disorder on the normal state resistivity and the superconducting properties of Nb 3 Sn is explored in a combination of ab initio calculations and microscopic theory. The crystal symmetry is calculated to be preferentially tetragonal at a normal state resistivity below 27.0 ± 1.4 μ Ω cm , and preferentially cubic above this value, which is shown to be consistent with the experimentally observed transition point. The phonon density of states, the Eliashberg spectrum α 2 ( ω ) F ( ω ) , the electron–phonon coupling constant, the characteristic frequency, the critical temperature Tc, and the upper critical magnetic field at 0 K H c 2 ( 0 ) are calculated over a large normal state resistivity range and shown to be consistent with experimental observations. The high degree of consistency between the calculation results and experimental observations is a strong indication that the calculation approach utilized here, a combination of ab initio calculations and microscopic theory, is a useful tool for understanding the superconducting and normal state properties of Nb 3 Sn.


Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (IRBD) is a well‐established clinical risk factor for Lewy body diseases (LBDs), such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).


Objective:To investigate the growth and the adherence of streptococcus mutans incubated with the specific egg-yolk IgY in vitro.Methods:S. mutans cultured with IgY of different concentrations. After culturing, S. mutans were observed by Gram stain and by spectrophotometer, and the percentages of the adherent S. mutans were calculated.Results:The specific egg-yolk IgY did not inhibit the growth of S. mutans, but the long chain was occurred.The adherence of S. mutans cells on the glass was decrease with the increase of the concentration of IgY.Conclusions:The specific egg-yolk IgY can aggregate S. mutans cells and suppress the adherence of S. mutans cells to the glass.


Ultrafine NiO/8YSZ (8 mol% Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia) composite powders were prepared by using a glycine nitrate process (GNP) for anode material of solid oxide fuel cells. The specific surface areas of synthesized NiO/8YSZ composite powders were examined with controlling pH of a precursor solution and the content of glycine. The binding of glycine with metal ions occurring in the precursor solution was analyzed by using FTIR. The characteristics of synthesized composite powders were examined with X-ray diffractometer, a BET method with N/sub 2/ absorption, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Ultrafine NiO/8YSZ composite powders of 15-18 m/sup 2//g were produced through the GNP when the content of glycine was controlled to 1 to 2 times of the stoichiometric ratio in the precursor solution. Strongly acid precursor solution increased the specific surface area of the synthesized composite powders. This is suggested to be caused by the increased binding of metal ions and glycine under strong acid solution of pH=0.5 that lets glycine of mainly the amine group of NH/sub 3//sup -/. After sintering and reducing treatment of NiO/8YSZ composite powders synthesized by GNP, the Ni/8YSZ pellet showed ideal microstructure: very fine Ni particles of 3-5 /spl mu/m were distributed uniformly and fine pores around Ni metal particles were formed, thus, leading to an increase of the triple phase boundary among gas, Ni and 8YSZ.


Using imagery in print advertisements have been quite popular these days, allowing firms to compete each other in dealing with good ads that might attract more consumers to buy the products. The intention of this research is to figure out whether using imagery in a Minute Maid Pulpy Orange print ad with particular size and position arrangements might create positive impacts to consumer attitudes toward the ad, the brand, and even the intention to purchase. Results showed that putting large imagery on the center of the page was somehow more beneficial to attract consumer visual preferences toward the ad. Meanwhile, using three sizes of elements (small, medium, and large) to compare the impact of either imagery or stand-alone product in the same print ad respectively, the imagery was better than stand-alone product in every categories to affect consumer attitudes and purchase intention. However, when both imagery and stand-alone product were evaluated based on each group of size, only large imagery that could make significant difference to consumer attitudes and purchase intention than stand-alone product. The impact of using either medium or small imagery in a print ad were not significantly different to medium or small stand-alone product.


Research has shown that various individual factors play an important role in the underachievement of gifted students. Most often discussed as predictors of underachievement are motivation, learning behavior, and emotions. To examine which specific constructs from these fields simultaneously predict underachievement among gifted fourth graders, logistic regression was performed on data from eighty-five highly intelligent students out of thirty-four classrooms. Students reported on their self-efficacy, learning goal orientation, use of text-reduction strategies, anxiety, boredom, anger, and enjoyment. Emerging predictors of underachievement were self-efficacy, use of text-reduction strategies, and anxiety. As these constructs are all connected to self-regulated learning in different ways, an intervention was implemented which successfully encourages self-regulated learning among students of differing cognitive abilities. Assessing the intervention's effectiveness for different ability levels was important as the intervention was not a pull-out program, but was integrated into regular classroom instruction in which all students in these classes participated. Results from multilevel longitudinal models showed positive intervention effects for learning behavior among gifted underachievers, but no intervention effects on self-efficacy and anxiety could be detected.


При моделировании системы управления минерально-сырьевым комплексом региона необходимо учитывать влияние рисков на реализуемость горного проекта, как элементов внешней среды. В работе выполнено моделирование системы управления минерально-сырьевым комплексом региона с учетом рисков горных проектов.
 One of the most important state tasks in the management system of the mineral resource complex, both at the national and regional levels, is to ensure the reproduction of mineral resources. The solution of this problem can be modeled using the theory of control of active systems, which, of course, can be attributed to the mineral resource complex. When modeling the management system of the mineral resource complex of the region, it is necessary to take into account the impact of risks on the feasibility of a mining project, as elements of the external environment. In this paper, the authors have modeled the management system of the mineral resource complex of the region, taking into account the risks of mining projects.


With the rapid development of urbanization,a large number of new towns arose in China.Regarding different local social and economic situations,however,new towns emerged with different characteristics in different parts of China.As existing research lacked systematic summarization on theory of new towns' development in China,this paper dealt with remote sensing data of new towns of 35 major cities in China and summarized the overall situation and the spatial-temporal characteristics of the new towns' expansion in twenty years(1990 to 2010).Meanwhile,the paper analyzed the mechanism of new towns' construction under rapid urbanization and economic development.Finally,this paper put forward the corresponding policy suggestions aiming at the problems of new towns' development.


Some work has been done in evaluating the performance of the rate-based SCPS-pure rate control and the store-and-forward CFDP protocol. In this paper, we present an experimental performance comparison between SCPS-pure rate control and the CFDP in the deferred mode over a simulated error-pone, long-delayed, point-to-point cislunar communication link. The focus of this work is to see which protocol is more effective in coping with a long cislunar-link delay, especially when hybridized with a high bit-error-rate (BER), and which one has throughput performance advantage over another. The comparison results show that SCPS-pure rate control has a better performance than CFDP-TCP and Linux-TCP over both symmetric and asymmetric cislunar communication channels with all BERs, and its throughput advantage is higher than 3000 bytes/s over both symmetric and asymmetric channels at all levels of BER The advantage is more significant over asymmetric cislunar channel with a high BER around 10-5. The rate-based SCPS-pure rate control is more effective in coping with a long cislunar link delay, especially when hybridized with a high BER. CFDP-TCP and Linux-TCP do not have significant performance difference in any cases.


Nitrogen is the most important nutrient element whose deficiencies have been widely reported and constitute crop most limiting factors in the tropics. This experiment was a 3 × 3 factorial arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated three times. The rates equivalent of 0, 30 and 60 % N of both poultry and sheep manures were incorporated. Nitrate- nitrogen (NO3–– N) was determined from four soil depths (0 – 5, 5 – 10, 10 – 20 and 20 – 40 cm) at different weeks (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks) after manures application (WAMA) in early and late seasons of 2019 and 2020. Soil NO3–– N was different with poultry and sheep manures rates only and the interaction of both manures at various soil depths, seasons and years. Concentrations of NO3–– N in most soil depths at both seasons and years were better with 30 % then 60 % N of poultry and sheep manures alone and with interactions of both manures (P30S60) better than single incorporation. Averaged over soil depths and seasons after manure applications, the soil NO3–– N was higher in late than early seasons and in 2020 than 2019. The result showed that NO3–– N decreased with increase in soil depth. Averaged over soil depths, manure rates, seasons and years, concentrations of NO3–– N varied and better at 12th week after manure application for 2019, but first week in 2020. Consequently, this research revealed that addition of poultry and sheep manures improved soil NO3–– N than the control with integration better than single dose. Further study is recommended to illuminate this fact.


Abstract:This article examines the earliest uses of the eponymous word Augustus as a divine epithet outside of Rome. It argues that during the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius the epithet was not intentionally vague or generic, as earlier authors have asserted, but served several distinct purposes, but in particular to connect local cults and individuals to imperial events in Rome.


The proposal is made that fish detect low‐frequency sounds as "internal vibrations" rather than as direct oscillations of the water.


Based on the panel data of Chinese listed companies in the information technology industry from 2007 to 2018, this paper uses a fixed-effect model to study the relationship between corporate performance expectation gap and strategic change and analyzes the moderating effect of private benefits of management control and equity incentive. It is found that the greater the gap between corporate performance expectations is, the lower the frequency of corporate mergers and acquisitions is, and the higher the frequency of corporate asset divestment is. Further research finds that private benefits of management control weaken the positive correlation between corporate performance expectation gap and asset stripping frequency. Equity incentive strengthens the negative correlation between corporate performance expectation gap and corporate mergers and acquisitions frequency, and the positive correlation between corporate performance expectation gap and corporate asset stripping frequency. Based on this, when enterprises carry out strategic change, enterprises should choose the direction of strategic change according to the degree of performance expectation gap, and promote the effective realization of strategic change by improving the governance of the board of directors and optimizing the management incentive mechanism.


Boden's theory of creativity explains the creative process in terms of exploration in, and transformation of generatively-represented conceptual spaces (Boden, 1990, 1998, 2003). With regard to scientific goals, the theory has been extremely successful, explaining a broad range of creative behaviour and stimulating debate in diverse disciplines. For practical purposes, however, it has been less productive. Used as a means of classifying behaviour, Boden's definition of creativity is analytically nondeterministic. This has limited the utility of the theory for the design of systems which express or support creativity. Attempts have been made to progress the theory so as to eliminate the non-determinism but these have generally involved refining the underlying definition. In contrast, the present paper takes steps to reconstruct it from first principles, using concepts of conceptual complexity. In this re-working, Boden's definition is redeveloped as a qualitative abstraction relating to a formally defined complexity tradeoff. With its ambiguity eliminated, the definition has the capacity to underwrite fully deterministic, process classifications and to offer clearer theoretical guidance for systems-building work.


Experiments were carried out to remove HCl and alkali metal compound vapor separately and simultaneously in high temperature coal gas with different sorbents. NaCl was used as a model compound of alkali metal. The results indicated that the chloride content of sorbent increases with the increase of temperature and/or reaction time. Five sorbents were screened for removal of alkali metal vapor at 840°C. It is found that alumina soil and activated Al 2O 3 display higher removal efficiency, and the removal of alkali metal vapor with activated Al 2O 3 is a physical adsorption process. It is also found that the simultaneous removal of HCl and alkali metal vapor with higher efficiency is feasible.


Various soft-decision-decoding methods based on "error and erasure" decoding schemes of Reed-Solomon (RS) are investigated for a frequency hopped (FH) system. A modified Welch-Berlekamp decoding algorithm is used in order to reduce the complexity required by the RS decoder. The bit error rate performance of these systems in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise, co-channel interference and slow Rayleigh fading are evaluated by computer simulation. Space diversity is applied to enhance the system.


Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the skin and soft tissue is an exceedingly puzzling condition, both from the viewpoint of clinical medicine and from that of basic science. In advanced cases, it is almost impossible for the pathologist to make the differential diagnosis between pseudoepithelioma and squamous-cell carcinoma. The final disposition depends upon clinical observation and response to clinical management. An erroneous diagnosis of malignancy could mean unnecessary radical surgery or amputation ; on the other hand, the underrating of a true cancerous lesion would delay proper treatment and invite metastasis or even loss of the life of the patient.


Engelmann's Disease.-L. S. MICHAELIS, M.D. [The first adult case of this rare condition and the first to be published from this country.] Miss B. M., aged 24. Histori. Normal birth. Breast-fed. First teeth late. Standing and walking at age of 2. Ache in legs when 3 years old. At school exempt from games because of weakness, lordosis and knock-knees. No serious diseases but always delicate. Slight accidents but no fractures. Parents healthy. Brother, 32, under treatment at Children's Hospital between ages of 2 and 7 no records obtainable, no X-rays taken-walks with a limp, but served in the war. Declines to attend for examination. Synmptoms. No pain, occasional ache in hip region. Unable to stand, walk, run or kneel for long, but has kept domestic post for seven years. Signs.-Under middle height, thin, pale, with blue hands and feet. Moustache on high upper lip. Small hands and feet, long thighs. The main bulk of arms and legs made up by thickened bones, covered by wieak/l developed muscles. Slight lumbar lordosis with hair over lower lumnbar spine, kniock-knees and valgus ankles. Muscular power weak. No neurological signs. Liver, spleen not enlarged. All joint movements free. Gait resembles the uncertain gait of patients with muscular dystrophy rather than actual waddling. Periods normal. Above average intelligence; precise; said to have told purposeless lies during last year or two. X-r-a vs. Symmetrical sclerosis of anterior parts of inner table of skull and the base of middle and anterior fossa. Symmetrical hyperostosis and sclerosis, elongation and slight bending of diaphyses of long bones (figs. 1 to 5). Blood exanmination. Slight anxmia, no lymphocytosis. Monocytes 7%. Calcium balanice. Low normal level. Serum calciunm, plasmwa phosphorus, serumii phosphatase (alk.). Normal. This patient shows X-ray changes identical with those first described by Engelmann (1929) in a boy of 8. He called the condition "Osteopathia hyperostotica (sclerotisans) multiplex infantilis. ? Hematogenes.'" That it might be due to a blood disease and represent its healing stage, was, admittedly, a guess based on his findings of a possibly enlarged spleen, a lymphocytosis of 405 00 an increase in monocytesas in our case-and of eosinophils. Sear (1948) was the first to direct attention to Engelmann's paper. His patient, a boy of 10, showed no X-ray changes in the skull, but, instead, involvement of the first cervical vertebra, of the clavicles, scapulx and pelvis apart from the long bones. Riley and Shwachman (1943) and Neuhauser, Shwachman, Wittenborg and Cohen (1948) describe one boy and one girl of 4 in the first paper, follow them up in their second paper and add two more cases of girls, one 4 years of age and one followed from her 6th to her 18th year. Two of their patients show involvement of clavicles and the long bones, the two others of the base of the skull and the long bones. While Sear was unable to find specific histological changes, the American authors describe and depict absence of normal bone-structure in cortical areas which indicates high osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. They call the condition "Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia"' and, in a postscript, refer to the papers of Engelmann and Sear.


Resistance to stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) in glumes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), caused by Phaeosphaeria (Stagonospora anamorph) nodorum was investigated in a recombinant-inbred (RI) population. The Purdue University winter wheat breeding lines P91193D1 and P92201D5, unrelated by parentage but both exhibiting partial SNB resistance, were crossed to develop 254 RI lines by single-seed descent (SSD) from a random population of F2 plants, to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling SNB resistance in wheat glumes. The RI population, together with parent lines, was phenotyped for glume resistance to SNB under field conditions in F8:10 at Evansville, Vincennes, and Lafayette, IN, in 2003; in F7:9 at South Perth, Australia, in 2004; and in F8:10 in greenhouse-grown inoculated tests at Lafayette in 2003 and 2004. Two QTLs for resistance to SNB in glumes were identified: QSng.pur-2DL.1 from P91193D1 and QSng.pur-2DL.2 from P92201D5. The QTL QSng.pur-2DL.1 explained from 12.3% of the phenotypic variation for resistance in southern Indiana (Evansville and Vincennes) to 38.1% at South Perth; QSng.pur-2DL.2 accounted for 6.9 and 11.2% of the phenotypic variation in Indiana and South Perth, respectively. This study is the first report of SNB glume blotch resistance in which the same QTLs were identified in tests on different continents where Stagonospora nodorum populations are probably genetically diverse.


Objective It is to approach the influencing factors of the prognosis of the breast cancer,and help the clinic to make modus operandi and treatment after surgery.Methods 80 cases of breast cancer with various types were chosen.And the expression of the cancerous genes BcL-2 and Bax,and the conglutinate gene CD44V6 of all cases were checked and measured by the method of SP immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of BcL-2,Bax and CD44V6 of breast cancer had relativity to the grading,tumeur diameter,cancerometastasis and survival time remarkably(P0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The tumor is smaller,and the histological grades is well,and the lymph is seldom cancerometastasis,and the survival time is longer which with high expression of BcL-2 and low of Bax and CD44V6.Simultaneity,these patients can save their breast by enlarged resection,or reduces the treatment of radiative or chemic after resection.


USB has become an industry standard, which is one of the main reasons it is used in educational applications, since it is a mature technology with extensive documentation and excellent support. This paper provides a study of USB interfaces, including details on latencies for certain devices, frequency attenuation, cable and connector architectures, functionality, and futures, with the aim of assisting decision-making process when choosing the best communication technologies for projects.