Especially in the university context the configuration of identity management systems, the management of roles and their assignment to users is a highly complex task. To simplify this we propose an automated linking of the identity management system to business process models which contain organizational responsibilities. Based on the Eplus approach [JW08] we introduce a modelling grammar and a method to access electronically stored enterprise models by Web services. The usefulness of our approach was tested within a pilot study conducted at the University of Münster and the universities of Hamburg (Germany).


Metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an aggressive form of cancer unresponsive to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) that spreads quickly to other organs. Despite reduced androgen levels after ADT, mCRPC development and lethality continues to be conducted by the androgen receptor (AR) axis. The maintenance of AR signaling in mCRPC is a result of AR alterations, androgen intratumoral production, and the action of regulatory elements, such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs are key elements in cancer signaling, acting in tumor growth, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor progression. In prostate cancer (PCa), the ncRNAs have been reported to be associated with AR expression, PCa proliferation, and castration resistance. In this study, we aimed to reconstruct the lncRNA‐centered regulatory network of mCRPC and identify the lncRNAs which act as master regulators (MRs).


The understanding of atomic scale biomolecular function is a key component in the prevention and treatment of disease. Computational biophysics has proven essential in this regard, accelerating the development and analysis of new biomolecular theories. The effective contribution of biophysical simulation is limited by the computational complexity of the existing models. In this work new computationally efficient parallel algorithms and distributed system frameworks are developed to extend the capability of biophysical simulation. In tandem to this development, I present the simulation and analysis of a target protein domain linked to cancer, Huntington disease, and Alzheimer disease.
The Replica Exchange Method is a popular biomolecular sampling algorithm that utilizes multiple simulations (replicas), to more rapidly overcome energy landscape boundaries and accelerate sampling. The method has limitations in scale related to the size of the biomolecular system and required number of replicas. I introduce a novel all pairs exchange implementation of the algorithm that provides asymptotically four fold speedup of conformation traversal for replica counts of 8 and larger with typical exchange rates. Experimental tests with the blocked alanine dipeptide show a 100% sampling improvement according to potential energy Paul R. Brenner averages and an ergodic measure. The cluster sampling rate for a target protein domain was nearly twice that of the single exchange near neighbor method. The method meets the detailed balance criterion for Monte Carlo methods and introduces no new parameterizations, biases, or heuristics.
The development of distributed systems for scientific computation is an active research field propelled by the growing number of research projects relying on computationally complex simulations as part of the discovery process. Many proposed frameworks have been successfully matched with unique applications to provide the computational capacity required. Only recently, has more focus been targeted toward the efficient management of the distributed data. I introduce a processing in network storage' distributed system framework that efficiently couples computation with data management over heterogeneous, autonomous, and distributed resources. The framework provides a fault tolerant, scalable, and bandwidth conserving approach through the utilization of existing grid software utilities and a new hybrid database/filesystem developed with our collaborators. The performance is evaluated during the generation of 500 biomolecular simulations producing over 1 million output files distributed over volunteer resources.
The correlation of atomic scale simulations with existing experimental techniques provides complementary data sets that cross validate and more thoroughly map biomolecular motion of interest. This correlation however is complicated by the often disjoint nature of the observables accessible from simulation and experiment. In this work, biophysical simulations of the isomerase PIN1 WW domain reveal insight into promising reaction coordinates to help map simulation observed recognition loop motion to experimental nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results. Post processing analysis methods and metrics including dihedral distributions, conformational clustering, hydrogen bond determination, and committor probability calculations indicate that the observed motion of the arginine 12 residue is coupled to the multivariate conformational changes of the recognition loop.


The extended Current Anthropology correspondence cited by Gani and Gani (2016, in this issue) includes the Cerling et al. (2014) citation of their 2011 publication. The latter paper is an imaginative account based on the few hours the Ganis spent visiting one of the Aramis fossil localities. My response to Cerling et al.'s invocation of Gani and Gani's (2011) paper was meant to alert Current Anthropology's readers to a bit of its context and a few of its most patent flaws. This alert was warranted not just by the data that our team


Energy sorghum has been adopted traditional cropping pattern,with labor and time consuming.The contradictional pattern with labour shortages becoming increasingly acute,which restrained the energy sorghum industry development.After years of exploration and practice,simplified cultivation technology system was found that including pre-sowing treatment,suitable sowing date,no-tillage weeding,few thinning out seedlings,safety fertilizing,prevention and control of disease simplified.It would be helpful to the cropping and mechanized harvesting during bioenergy industrialization.


Because of the metal ions can affect the activity of endo-l,4-β-D-glucanase(EG) and exo-1,4-β-D-glucanase(CBH) on cellulose and different metal ions have the different activity.Accordingly,we select three kinds of cellulase and do the single-factor experiment.The activity of EG and CBH on cellulase were results showed: The activity of EG can improve effectively when the concentration of K+ is 0.9 mg/mL,Ca2+ 0.3 mg/mL,Zn2+ 1.2 mg/mL,Cu2+ 1.2 mg/mL;Mg2+,Ca2+,Ba2+,Cu2+,Zn2+ showed the inhibitory character.The Al3+ had some inhibition on the cellulase activity of EG and CBH.Anions with different valences have no effect on the activity of EG and CBH.


Heidegger's special contribution to the theory of modernity lay in that he subverted modern western metaphysics thoroughly and traced back to the question of being. After analyzing, even transcending Hegel's and Nietzsche's ideas of metaphysics, Heidegger held that people should overcome the danger of modern scientific technique and return to the genuine home. Heidegger's way home is thorough and aesthetic in the development of modernity critique.


MIJSCELLIEA. Amongst a few excerpta minora of more or less interest in the hospitals this month, is a new form of &Cra8eur, by M. Heurteloup, from which great things are expected. A curious and very rare case of fracture of the astragalus was seen at St. Mary's. Several cases also unfortunately of " hospital gangrene" at various hospitals, the best remedy for wbich seeims to be the irrigatiou of cold water recommended by Mr. COCK. This experienced surgeon states he has tried almost every mode of cure, but the irrigation plan alone has not disappointed him. The disease is said to be as prevalent in some English provincial hospitals as it has bece m London. A case of ovarian cyst where we recently saw Ixii of tincture of iodine injected, has ended fatally. A more promising case has been mentioned as baving occurred at Cheltenham. In resections of the knee joint there is nothinog new, in two cases of diseased knee not very dissimilar. Mr. URE, in one, amputated; Mr. SOUTI, in the other, excised-both are doing very well. The chief want is pure air, as at Jersey or Afargate. A new instrument of much power has been constructed and exhibited by the instrument-maker at St. George's Hospital, for breaking large calculi (as a nutcracker alimost), when the stonie is too large to be extracted through the incision in the prostate. The object is a practical one. K.


Improving speaking skills plays an important role for anyone who pursues language proficiency, especially in the English language. While no one can contradict the fundamental value of this productive skill, speaking, as mentioned by Castillo (2007), poses challenges to students since it concerns complex constituents such as pronunciation, stress patterns, vocabulary or grammatical structures. Among countless cooperative strategies, Think-Pair-Share, proposed by Azlina (2010) can be regarded as a stimulating option to support students in improving their speaking capabilities. This study was set out to evaluate applying Think-Pair-Share strategy in the classroom to foster students' speaking skills and engagement in speaking activities. 35 students in the AP (Advanced Program) at Thai Nguyen University of Economics and Business Administration (TUEBA) were chosen as target participants of the study. This research was anchored on a qualitative basis, and data were collected from three methods, including observation sheets, focus group and individual interviews, to ensure the principle of triangulation. Based on the findings, the researcher attempted to provide some modifications in applying the Think-Pair-Share technique so that it can be effectively exploited to give support to language learners in their speaking skills.


The insights of the scholars quoted above give us pause as we think about this special issue on race. Following Flores et al., we note that to commit to identifying mechanisms that sustain racial logics requires drawing attention to the absences that enable inequities and inequalities to persist in society and in our scholarship. In contemplating racial logics, two recent examples call attention to absences that surface not only in intercultural communication but also in global and domestic contexts. Concomitantly, the conflicts and practices examined by the examples we discuss, along with the essays composing this special issue, underscore the continuing importance of studying race and the diverse "mechanisms" that maintain racial logics. Our first example harkens back to the call for this special issue wherein we referenced the United Nations' World Conference against Racism (WCAR) in 2001, citing the following passage from the Durban Declaration:


Goal programming is a powerful OR technique and has gained wide application in every field of activities. Through this technique the different goals can be prioritised and utilisation of various resources with the given constraints can be evaluated to achieve the overall objective of the organisation. This case study demonstrates the application of GP in construction industries.


A super‐absorbent polymer was prepared by grafting copolymerization of acrylic acid onto Artemisia seed gum, using microwave irradiation and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The effect of various preparation conditions on its water absorbency, such as the ratio of acrylic acid to Artemisia seed gum, degree of acrylic acid neutralization, amount of initiator and microwave irradiation time, was investigated by orthogonal tests. The optimal reaction conditions were 3 min (irradiation time), 70% neutralization degree of acrylic acid and 2% initiator on the basis of the mass of acrylic acid used. When the mass ratio of acrylic acid to Artemisia seed gum is 5:0.5, the product has a water absorbency close to 400 times at room temperature in distilled water, this indicated that is has a high water absorbency. The structure of the graft copolymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Further more, this microwave irradiation processing method to prepare water absorbent materials has no industrial cast off produced, that is to say, this method is environmentally friendly.


The influence of ammonia (NH3) on the doubly deuterated formic acid (DCOOD, FA) dehydrogenation selectivity for a Pd(111) single crystal model catalyst surface was investigated under ultrahigh vacuum conditions using temperature-programmed desorption and temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy techniques. NH3 adsorption on Pd(111) revealed reversible, molecular desorption without any significant decomposition products, while DCOOD adsorption on Pd(111) yielded D2, D2O, CO, and CO2 as a result of dehydration and dehydrogenation pathways. Functionalizing the Pd(111) surface with ammonia suppressed the FA dehydration and enhanced the dehydrogenation pathway. The boost in the FA dehydrogenation of Pd(111) in the presence of NH3 can be linked to the ease of FA deprotonation as well as the stabilization of the decomposition intermediate (i.e., formate) due to the presence of ammonium counterions on the surface. In addition, the presence of a H-bonded ammonia network on the Pd(111) surface increased the hyd...


Objective:To construct a novel retroviral expression vector of human homologous gene E2F-1 and observe the effect of E2F-1 gene over-expression on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells MGC-803.Methods:E2F-1 was cloned and inserted into the retroviral expression vector pLXSN using gene recombination technique.The recombinant retroviral expression vector pLXSN-E2F-1 was identified by restriction endonuclease digestion and RT-PCR.The recombinant vector and the empty vector were infected into the packaging cell line PA317.The virus supernatant was collected and used to infect gastric cancer cells MGC-803.Western boltting and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of the mRNA and protein of E2F-1 gene,respectively.Colony forming assay and MTT assay were used to detect the proliferation.Results:Restriction endonuclease digestion and RT-PCR revealed that the retroviral expression vector of E2F-1 gene was successfully constructed.Compared with the MGC-803 group and MGC-803/pLXSN group,the expression of E2F-1 in MGC-803/pLXSN-E2F-1 group was significantly up-regulated(P0.05).The colony forming rate of MGC-803/pLXSN-E2F-1 group was 48%,which was significantly lower than the MGC-803 group(81%) and MGC-803/pLXSN group(77%)(P0.01).The proliferation speed of MGC-803/pLXSN-E2F-1 group was significantly slower than that of MGC-803 group and MGC-803/pLXSN group(P0.01).Conclusion:The retroviral expression vector of E2F-1 was successfully constructed and transfected into MGC-803 cells.Over-expression of E2F-1 inhibited the proliferation of the MGC-803 cells.


In the title hydrazonodithioate, C21H19N3OS2, the amide group is twisted out of the plane through the S2C=N atoms: the C—N—N—C torsion angle is 139.71 (13)°. The pyridine ring forms dihedral angles of 52.96 (8) and 86.46 (8)° with the phenyl rings, and the latter are approximately orthogonal [dihedral angle = 76.42 (9)°]. Supramolecular chains sustained by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and propagated by glide symmetry along the c axis are found in the crystal structure. The chains are consolidated into a three-dimensional architecture by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N interactions.


Analysizing the change of narration in Katherine Mansfield's short stories,this paper concludes that Katherine Mansfield adopts the first point of view in her early stage of creation,then the third point of view,later the multiple point of view in her late stories,thus marking her maturity in the short story creation.


Causal discovery is the key aspect of science. Inferring causality can be achieved in various ways. Typically, you start with your hypothesis (based on what you know so far) and based on the data you collect, you update your hypothesis. In a nutshell, causality can be inferred via your background knowledge and empirical data. Causal Both Bayesian networks (BN) and Structural equation model (SEM) are graphical models that are able to model causality both from background knowledge and empirical data. SEM heavily relies on your background knowledge and use data to justify your knowledge. On the other hand, BN can combine your background knowledge with a causal model that gives the maximum likelihood based on data. If the relationships turn out to be statistically significant, then expert's knowledge is considered statistically valid and can be used to provide guidelines in practice using the model based on expert's knowledge. Functional changes of the bladder are commonly seen in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We investigated the predictive factors for the alteration in the bladder storage function in patients with BPH using Bayesian networks (BN) and Structure Equation Model (SEM). We analyzed database of consecutive 1,352 patients with BPH who underwent urodynamic studies from Oct 2004 to Oct 2011 in a single institution. We show that combining BN and SEM enables us to build a data driven prediction model with latent constructs. The BN showed that (1) predicting outcome variables, when TZVol is known TPVol and PSA do not add value in prediction; (2) if we know StoragePhaseDetrusor, then all input variables do not help more in predicting Bladder Compliace; (3) when BladderSensation is known, BOOI plays important role in predicting BladderCapacity and StoragePhaseDetrusor; (4) if we know TPVol then TZVo and PSA are independent. User Self Reported Condition and Eurodynamic Study Results did not receive significant latent score and all the variables are discrete, BN was a natural pick to model latent constructs. Volume Capability of Patient's Bladder receive significant latent score and all the variables are continuous, SEM was used to model latent. The combined data driven model reveals that bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) increases the risk of secondary bladder storage dysfunction in patients with BPH. This suggests that more aggressive treatment for BOO might be recommended.


The invention relates to an elution device for inspecting the sampling process of polychlorinated biphenyl pollutant by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, belonging to the field of analysis and testing, to solve the problem that the existing relevant target object eluting technique is not satisfactory. On the basis of the structure of a customary elution device with a needle cylinder and a needle cylinder filter, an ultrasonic transmission mechanism which is easy to dismantle is further installed on the surface of the outer wall of the needle cylinder, and moreover the ultrasonic transmission mechanism is structurally positioned near the bottom of the needle cylinder. When the device is used, the elution section is intensified through the following steps that: an ultrasonic wave in a high frequency band is exerted before the needle cylinder filter is communicated with a negative pressure source so as to forcedly promote the desorption and the mass transfer of the target object; and while the needle cylinder filter is communicated with the negative pressure source to suck and filter, the ultrasonic wave in the high frequency band continues radiating so as to forcedly repress the reabsorption of the target object in the suction filtration process. The elution device is convenient to both install and dismantle.


In the introduction to Porn Studies Linda Williams laments the excision of the "exuberant visuals" from the proceedings of the World Conference on Pornography in 1998 (4), claiming for the current collection the distinction of including illustrations (along with a serious annotated bibliography on porn, as well as information on how to obtain hard core materials). Given the "on/scenity" of those images (3), one question the prurient observer might pose of this book is, can I get off on it? The answer is, I think, almost, though I am not sure that the visuals will do it. They are sometimes crucially necessary (as in Despina Kakoudaki's essay "Pinup: The American Secret Weapon in World War II," which carefully reads the World War II pinups by Alberto Vargas and George Petty in Esquire and elsewhere), but sometimes they seem gratuitous and are curiously unsatisfying. The descriptions, however, along with the tease of visuals, nearly do the trick. This means that even for those whose interest in the topic consists of fi nding out more about what to watch and where to get it but whose habits preclude less respectable methods of research, Porn Studies performs its pedagogical mission. The anthology intersperses articles by graduate students with those of young scholars and established people in the fi eld of fi lm and visual culture; by itself, this fact brings both originality and freshness to the anthology, which highlights a whole new Berkeley generation's way of approaching sexuality, feminism, racialization, and the study of media. Though some may be leery of the unevenness that such a gathering might produce, the essays are in fact learned, thorough, and well written. The reader is introduced to what sounds like—but is not yet,


The powerful extended Kantorovich method (EKM) originally proposed by Kerr in 1968 is generalized to obtain a three-dimensional coupled piezoelasticity solution of smart piezoelectric laminated plates in cylindrical bending. Such solutions are needed to accurately predict the edge effects in these laminates under electromechanical loading. The Reissner-type mixed variational principle extended to piezoelasticity is used to develop the governing equations in terms of displacements, electric potential as well as stresses and electric displacements. It allows for exact satisfaction of the boundary conditions, including the non-homogeneous ones at all points. An n-term solution generates a set of 11n algebraic ordinary differential equations in the inplane direction and a similar set in the thickness direction for each lamina, which are solved in closed form. The multi-term EKM is shown to predict the coupled electromechanical response, including the edge effects, of single-layer piezoelectric sensors as well as hybrid laminated panels accurately, for both pressure and electric potential loadings. This work will facilitate development of accurate semi-analytical solutions of many other unresolved problems in three-dimensional piezoelasticity, such as the free-edge stresses in hybrid laminates under bending, tension and twisting.


Abstract The aim of the paper is to identify the most common workplace accidents regarding injured body parts with respect to anthropometric data measurements of the population in the Slovak republic. Data from workplace accidents database over the years 2000-2017 were drawn from the records of the Slovak Forest state enterprise. The highest number of workplace accidents (31.7% of all recorded workplace accidents) occurred during the forest harvesting phase. Timber skidding with 15.9% of recorded accidents was the second highest risky phase. In four phases Timber harvesting, timber skidding,Works at conversion depot, Repairs and maintenance was 76% from all injuries in forestry state enterprises was occurred. Nonsignificant increase in the injury rate over the years 2000-2017 was determined in the analysis of the injury rate in the Slovak state forests. From the point of view of the longterm changing anthropometric parameters of the adult population, it is also necessary to take into account the ergonomic parameters and the technological procedures of the performed work and the working environment.


In this article, a novel double closed-loop cascade control architecture with interconnected pressure estimation for a pressure-sensor-unequipped integrated electrohydraulic brake system suitable for automobile applications is presented. Starting from a control-oriented model, an interconnected pressure estimator is employed to estimate the pressure dealing with the nonlinear pressure-position relationship. To reduce the negative influence of system nonlinearities and uncertainties, i.e., friction, pressure-position relationship, brake pad wear, temperature variation, knockoff, a double closed-loop cascade controller is proposed. An outer pressure tracking loop employs sliding mode controller (SMC) with conditional integrator to ensure tracking accuracy with desired position of master cylinder piston as control output; an inner position control loop is designed using the SMC to improve the response speed. By this way, the bandwidth of inner position is wider than the outer pressure loop, which has advantages in quickly eliminating the disturbances caused by system nonlinearities and uncertainties. The overall system asymptotic stability is analytically investigated through the Lyapunov Theorem. Simulation and experimental validation demonstrate excellent tracking performance and robustness.


The article deals with the problems of using navigation locks when the rise is very important (50 to 80 m or even more) and when the traffic is very heavy. It is pointed out that the use of lateral basins, built inside of the walls, solves many troublesome questions such as water saving, cavitation, surges


Ryder, the protagonist in the novel, suffers many traumatic experiences during his childhood. Though these traumas shadow his life, he doesn't narrate them directly in the novel. Instead, he unfolds his own experiences through others' traumatic stories: traumas in Boris' childhood, in Stephen's youth, and in Brodsky's middle-age. Besides, in his adulthood, Ryder reperforms his experienced traumas upon his son Boris and his wife Sophie, which leads to tragedies to both himself and his family. Through his narration, he unconsciously uncovers his own traumatic pain that deprives him of controlling his life. Like the rogue in modern society, he can neither find any consolation from others nor give any consolation to others. To some extent, what Ryder experiences reflects the existing conditions of the unconsoled people in the west in 20 th century with endless helplessness and loneliness.


Rrnge livestock derive the buik of their dietary miner81 int8kc from fongea that ire often deficient in one or more essentiri minerals. The objective of this study was to qu8ntify the se8sonrl dylumies of phosphorus (P), pot8ssium (K), c8kium (Cl), 8nd mngnesium (Mg) concentrrrtions in the dominrnt nrrtive fonges at the Texrrs Experiment81 Ranch. Concentr8tions were estinuted by cl8ss of tissue (live 8nd derd) for 5 species/species groups: sideo8ts gr8m8 (Boutdoua curtjped Michx.), Teus wintergmss (St&m lcucotricha Trin. 8nd Rupr.), 8nntul gr8sses, otba w8rm-se8son gmsses, 8nd forbs. The study Sp8Med 8 period of 2 yeus 8nd included 16 sample d8tes. Although P, Mg, 8nd K concentrations vuied significurtly unong spedes 8nd date, they varied prim8rily 8s a function of CIMS of tissue. Avenged across dates 8nd species, concentlrtions of P, Mg, and K in live tissue l ver8ged 0.12,0.13, 8nd 2.02%, respectively, while concentrations in de8d tissue aver8pd 0.04,0.09,0.57%, respectively. As 8 result, se8sornl differences in whole phmt concentrations of P, Mg, urd K were closely linked to se8sonrl growth dyrumics 8s they 8ffect live/de8d ntios. C8 concentrations were 8ffected more by species th8n ci8ss of tissue. Averaged 8crosg dates, Ca concentr8tions in live tissue 8venged 0.55,0.40,0.42,0.35,8nd l.gO% in 8nntul grasses, Texas wintergrrss, sideoats gr8m8, other mrm-se8son gr8sses 8nd forbs, respectively, while concentntions in de8d tissue rver8pd 0.41, 0.40,0.41,0.36, and 0.96%, respectively. It is concluded that considerations must be given to the potential effect that 8 given trertment nuy hrve on pi8nt growth dynamics to properly interpret its effect on whole plant concentr8tions of minenls.


In the present study, bubble-particle interactions in suspensions are investigated by a coupled immersed-boundary and volume-of-fluid method (IB-VOF method), which is proposed by the present authors. The validity of the numerical method is examined through simulations of a rising bubble in a liquid and a falling particle in a liquid. Dilute particle-laden flows and a gas-liquid-solid flow involving solid particles and bubbles of comparable sizes to one another (Db /Dp = 1 ) are simulated. Drag coefficients of particles in particle-laden flows are estimated and flow fields involving multiple particles and a bubble are demonstrated.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


With the ultimate goal of modifying the surface chemistry of zirconium, we present a temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) study of ammonia adsorbed on Zr(0001) followed by soft electron bombardment. The TPD data indicate that water accompanies the thermal desorption of ammonia near 730 K, which is a result of the mixing of oxygen atoms from the subsurface region with ammonia dissociation products. Nitrogen is left at the surface following TPD and can be removed only by repeated sputtering cycles. These thermal effects occur with or without electronic excitation. Electron bombardment does, however, result in the desorption of hydrogen gas in TPD near 310 K, indicating the formation of new hydrogenic species at the surface via electronic excitation. The electron‐induced cross‐sections for the production of these species are determined to be in the 1–5(×10−18) cm2 range. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The authors present in this paper the realization of a classification board, for real-time defect detection on industrial products, using image segmentation. The classification of each pixel is completed using a real-time extraction of attributes and a geometric classification method by stress polytope training, which ensures a high decision speed (100 ns per pixels) and good performances. The decision operator has been integrated in the form of a full custom circuit, and the extraction of parameters is performed using a single high density FPGA. The industrial product can be then high-level classified using the area of the defect.


Establishment of an Administrative Tribunal: On November 8, 1949, the administrative and budgetary committee of the General Assembly recommended establishment of an administrative tribunal for the Secretariat to come into force on January 1, 1950. Discussion in the committee was based on a report of the Secretary-General proposing the discontinuance of the Appeals Board. The representative of Belgium (Lebeau) favored creation of the tribunal but urged the continuance of the Appeals Board to handle disciplinary measures. Iran, Poland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Philippines, and Yugoslavia supported this view; the United Kingdom and the United States suggested postponing the question of an administrative tribunal. The chairman of the Staff Committee (Epstein) expressed the view that the joint disciplinary committee proposed by the Secretary-General to replace the Appeals Board did not fulfill the rights guaranteed by the provisional staff regulations. After consultation the Secretary-General and the Staff Committee agreed upon a revised draft statute, subsequently approved by the administrative committee, which provided for internal appeals machinery to advise the Secretary-General in disciplinary as well as contractual cases, and on administrative practices. The administrative tribunal was not to have jurisdiction in disciplinary cases but was to pass judgment upon applications from staff members alleging non-observance of contracts on terms of appointment.


Summary 1) Three choriocarcinomata from women have been successfully adapted to serial transplantation in cheek-pouch of the cortisonized hamster and one of these can be carried in previously untreated hamster. This latter strain has also been adapted to subcutaneous growth in the cortisonized, irradiated, hypophysectomized or intact female rat. 2) These heterologously maintained tumors produce in the host gonadotropic effects characteristic of human chorionic gonadotropic hormone. Biologically detectable amounts of hormone are readily demonstrable in homogenates of the growing tumor tissue and in peripheral blood of tumor-bearing hamster. The tumors exhibit no estrogenic, adrenotropic, or thyrotropic effect in the hamster. 3) Each tumor strain presents a quantitatively reproducible growth pattern which renders it adaptable to studies of the effect of chemotherapeutic and other inhibitory agents.


Topologically protected surface states in photonic systems, with unique properties such as unidirectional propagation and light confinement insensitive to thermal or fabrication imperfections, have attracted immense attention over the past ten years. We introduce the notion of weak protection where a topological invariant predicts the existence of surface states in the photonic bulk gap, and strong protection which instead corresponds to the number of glueing points of a surface band with the bulk edges. While strong protection is desired for many key applications such as topologically protected loss-free cavities to boost non-linear interactions, it requires optical reciprocity breaking in two dimensions. We here provide a group theoretical recipe to design weakly protected states on purely dielectric metasurfaces, and genuinely strongly protected states in fully connected 3D photonic crystals. Both design principles can be readily realized by current direct manufacturing techniques, such as electron beam lithography and direct laser writing, respectively.


: The great commercial and nutritional relevance of chicken meat makes use of new conservation techniques and the possibility of an extension in its shelf life necessary. This is possible through the destruction of microorganisms by irradiation. The objective of this project was to compare the sensory aspects of nonirradiated chicken (control) and chicken irradiated with Co60 at 2–, 4–, 6–, and 8–kGy doses, both fresh and frozen at 18 °C for 90 d. Eight panelists were selected and trained for the descriptive analysis of 8 attributes of appearance (Color, Brightness, Humidity, Shredded, Appetizing, Fresh, Dark spots, and Characteristic), 4 attributes of aroma (Characteristic, Strange, Intensity, and Oily), 7 attributes of flavor (Typical, Bitter, Salty, Metallic, Intensity, Smoked, and Strange), and 6 attributes of texture (Tenderness, Fibrosity, Uniformity, Elasticity, Juiciness, and Humidity) was carried out. The results were statistically analyzed (Tukey 5%). The fresh meat presented differences as to its appearance, flavor, and texture, and the frozen-stored one, as to its appearance, aroma, and flavor. We can conclude that the irradiation treatment promoted alterations in the sensory quality of the chicken breast with the doses used in this study, the 8–kGy dose being the one that differed the most from the control. The alterations were positive in some cases, especially when after-frozen meat was considered.


Based on the technique of addressed controller and serial communication programming, an approach to monitor the flow and manipulate data in multi-garage parks is introduced, which can resolve the problem of the management confusion inside the parks now- adays. Besides, the deployment of hardware and the process of software implementation are also presented. It's proved that this system can control and manage the flow effectively, and arrange place appropriately according to the applications in parks.


Todays, contamination of agricultural soils by different ways of salinity is increasing as a result of human and environmental factors that would reduce yield and quality of agricultural crops. However, there are some plants that can tolerate some degrees of salinity. Tomato is one of the horticultural crops, moderately sensitive to salinity even that salinity can improve its quality. So, a study was conducted using four varieties of tomato under normal and salt stress (3, 6 and 9 dS m-1) hydroponic conditions to evaluate tomato quality. The results showed that increasing in salinity improves the quality and taste of tomato with a reduction in pericarp thickness, fresh weight and total protein. However, when the degree of salinity exceeds 6 dS m-1, a significant difference was observed in fruit yield which was variety dependent. Also, there is a significant difference between salt tolerance, performance, and taste of different varieties. Furthermore, it is found that the activity of guaiacol peroxidase and catalase enzymes increased as well as an increase in the level of salinity. Tomato cv. Super Chief with the highest number of fruits per plant, high level of proline as well as catalase activity, has the best performance against salinity levels of soil and was more resistant to salinity than other varieties. Also, tomato 'Super Chief' had the highest taste index with a slightly decline in the yield. Salt stress tomatoes have more carotenoid than controls but the level of 9 dS m-1 salinity was not tolerable by all varieties.


Three genotypes of Arachis hypogea viz, Chandra, Indori, Rajasthani were collected from NBPGR New Delhi. 10 species of fungi were collected from these genotypes. Effect of one of the dominant fungi Aspergillus flavus was studied on the quality of Arachis hypogea seeds. Fungal infection caused both quantitative and qualitative damage to the seed. It resulted in characteristic decrease in sugar and oil quantity of Arachis hypogea seeds. There was marked reduction in germination percentage and vigour index. The oil extracted from diseased kernel contain high amount of fatty acids as compared to healthy seeds of all the genotypes.


2This study did not look at whether the inclusion of new innovation training made a difference to the adoption of new innovations by GPs. Rather the investigators simply found that training practices were more innovative than non-training practices. That aside, the wider question of how to engender innovation in primary care remains unanswered. Training in innovation is likely to be a contradiction in terms. It is unlikely that you can train someone to be innovative in the same way that you can train someone to take blood. Innovation will require more educationally sound methods. An educational needs assessment will be the starting point to find out what level learners are at and how they would like to learn. Next will come the delivery of learning and here the lessons learned from the "hidden curriculum" suggest that learning in an innovative way (e.g. by means of e-learning) or in an innovative environment (e.g. a simulation centre) may trigger innovative thinking. The best method may be to learn by doing – that is, by letting people learn as they innovate. Finally learning will need to be followed up and evaluated and the best form of evaluation will likely be the number of new and sustainable innovations produced.


Gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor blocks epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity, has been used in lung cancer therapy. Here, we show a novel gefitinib derivative compound, named as SP‐101, exerts apoptosis and tumor inhibition in human lung cancer. SP‐101 was more effective in inducing the cell death than gefitinib and other derivatives in human lung cancer cell lines, including A549, H1299 and CL3. SP‐101 induced the caspase 3 activation and poly ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP) protein cleavage. SP‐101 was more sensitive on the inhibition of survivin and cell growth than gefitinib. Transfection with a survivin‐expressed vector reduced the SP‐101‐induced cell death. More importantly, SP‐101 reduced the tumor size and survivin protein levels in the xenografted human lung tumors of nude mice. Besides, a molecular computational docking model shows that SP‐ 101 interacts with the ATP binding site of EGFR kinase domain. These results demonstrate that SP‐101 is a novel gefitinib derivative, which displays apoptosis induction and tumor suppression associated with the blockage of survivin.


In the paper " Durability and Monopoly, " Nobel Laureate Ronald Coase proposes the startling hypothesis that the monopoly seller of a durable good will tend to price at marginal cost, absent some mechanism for committing to withhold supply. (Such mechanisms include leasing rather than selling, planned obsolescence, increasing marginal cost (which makes delay rational), and promises to repurchase at a fixed price.) The logic takes three steps. First, having sold the monopoly quantity at the monopoly price, the seller would like to sell a bit more, because the seller need not cut price on units already sold. Second, consumers will rationally anticipate such price cuts, and thus will hold out for future prices. Third, if the seller can change prices sufficiently fast, the path must go to marginal cost arbitrarily quickly, that is, the price will be marginal cost. This idea came to be known as the Coase conjecture. Essentially the Coase conjecture holds that a monopolist compete with future incarnations of himself. Even though the most profitable course of action is to sell the monopoly quantity immediately, and then never sell again, the monopolist cannot resist selling more once the monopoly profit is earned. That is, subgame perfection condemns the monopolist to low profits. It is useful to consider the commitment solution as a benchmark, and to introduce notation. The seller's marginal cost is set to zero. Suppose time is discrete, with periods t=1,2,… Both the seller and the buyers discount each period at d. Market demand is given by q, and is composed of a continuum of individuals. The commitment solution involves a sequence of prices p 1 , p 2 ,… This series of prices is non-decreasing without loss of generality, since no consumer will wait to buy at a higher price. A consumer with a value v will prefer time t to time t+1 if (*) v – p t > d(v – p t+1) These equations define a sequence of critical values v t that make the buyer indifferent between purchasing at t and purchasing at t+1. (Note that the incentive constraint on buyers shows that, if a buyer with value v chooses to buy before time t, then all buyers with values exceeding v have also purchased by this time.) v t – p t = d(v t – p t+1) This set of equations can be solved for p t in terms …


In the railway traction systems, an important role play diesel-electric locomotive. The AC traction motor proves its advantages compared to the DC older motor, but the supply (the power inverter) is more sophisticated and expensive and, in many cases, not too safe. The authors propose for diesel-electric locomotive a different version of supplying system, based on amplitude modulation and cheap and safe power semiconductor: power thyristor, GTOpsilas or even triacs. The paper presents a possible principle of operation for this original supply version.


Objective To establish a sensitive and specific RP-HPLC method for determination caderofloxacin concentration in healthy human plasma.Methods Human plasma with internal standard was precipitated by perchloric acid.The separation was analyzed in gradient elution system and the detection wave was 286 nm.Results The linear range of pseudoephedrine was 0.1~10.0 mg·L-1.The relative recovery were within 96.41%~109.52%.The within-day and the between day RSD were all less than 15%.After single infusion caderofloxacin of 400 mg/3 h in two healthy volunteers.It was found to be fitted to a two-compartment open model and its pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:Cmax was 3.39,4.04 mg·L-1,AUC0-t was 32.35,28.26 mg·h·L-1,t1/2β was 7.74,6.73 h,respectively.Conclusion The method is accurate,convenient,sensitive,specific,and was suitable for the study of clinical pharmacokinetics.


Let's begin with a question: was pre-modern Imperial China despotic? There are some reasons for inquiring in this way when this paper tries to explore the global history in a comparative perspective. Despotism was particularly known for Asian despotism or Oriental despotism at first in contrast to Athens democracy, and then deepened by Karl Marx and Karl Wittfogel, which gave us a deep impression of tyranny by the emperors, often with mechanical bureaucracy that supported the empires. This classical view also evoked some ideas like allgemeine Sklaverei, in which the emperor was the only free person, and all the others, including imperial bureaucrats, were like slaves. But in most cases, this picture was an illusion. If economic policy can be divided into two types, command economy and market economy, were those "despotic" Asian empires operate command economy? The answer is no. John Hicks (1969) has argued that the tendency of economic history has been the movement from command to market economy, however, in Chinese history alone, there was huge scale market economy after the Sung dynasty, which is usually regarded as the period of autocracy run by emperors and civilian bureaucracy. Turning our eyes to the west, Muslim merchant has built a large scale networks that worked well for commerce in and out of Islamic empires (Lapidus 1988). Economies in these large scale empires were not command economies, that can easily let us be reminded of modern socialist nations like U.S.S.R. and P.R.C. before 1980s. About political institutions and society, the answers are more complicated. Let's think of the Ottoman Empire. This Saracen Empire


Objetive Study the effects of 7-chlor-benzyltetrahydropal matine (7-chlor-BTHP) on myocardiac hypertrophy and elevated Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase activity of cardiomyofibril in rats.Method Myocardiac hypertrophy with elevation of myofibril Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase activity was induced by L-thyroxine in rats,then treated with 7-chlor-BTHP to observe its enfluence on myocardiac hypertrophy and Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase activity of myofibril derived from left ventricular myocardium.The control group was treated with proplanolol.Result After treatment,myocardiac hypertrophy was obviously improved and the elevated activity of myofibril Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase activity was markedly decreaced.Conclusion The 7-chlor-BTHP can reverse myocardiac hypertrophy and elevated myofibril Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -ATPase activity induced by L-thyroxine in rats.


The paper presents results of a survey of reference librarians in Croatian academic libraries. The survey is a part of an international study. Survey findings provide valuable data regarding skills and competencies needed in the reference departments today and in the future. Three groups of skills and competencies are analysed – general skills, technology skills and personal skills. Conclusions are made about the present competencies of Croatian reference librarians in academic libraries as well as about the importance of lifelong learning for improving their competencies in future.


The author defines riot as a traditional (archetypal) manifestation of national consciousness associated with the contradictory attitude of the Russians to freedom and state, law and justice. Protest tradition connects the latest phenomena of the Russian political life (the network forms of citizens' protest activity organization) with the events and phenomena of social life in the early Russian history (local national riots). New features appear along with traditional ones in practice of the public expression of discontent within the framework of law-governed state in Russia.


The cooperative communication over wireless channels has recently attracted considerable attention promising significant reliability and capacity gains due to a new form of spatial diversity. In this paper, we propose a new cooperative communication scheme where the spatial diversity of cooperative communication and the incremental error correction of Hybrid ARQ with RCPC codes are exploited. Simulation results show that the proposed system achieves lower BER performance than the legacy system and that the channel state of Source-Relay play a important role in the performance of the cooperative systems.


OBJECTIVES: To determine whether income influences evidence‐based medication use by older persons with diabetes mellitus in managed care who have the same prescription drug benefit.


This study aims to Determine the effect of government spending Sector Education and Health Sector Against Human Development Index In the city of Lhokseumawe. Data are Obtained from BPS Kota Lhokseumawe with the time period 2002-2015. The method used for the data analysis is linear regression. Results of the study are: There Effect of Government Spending Against Health Sector Human Development Index and there Effect of Government Spending Education Sector Against Human Development Index. Based on the result, the authors recommend further research can be done by adding the data and other macroeconomic variables that satisfactory results, so as to have an influence on the Human Development Index


Quartz feldspar augen gneisses, quartz augen schists and trondhjemites outcrop at Nooldoonooldoona Waterhole in the southwestern corner of the Proterozoic Mt Painter Inlier, northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia. These rocks were previously interpreted as having different origins and ages. However, we argue that all rock types were the result of deformation and strong metasomatic alteration of one common precursor: the Mt Neill Granite. Our conclusion is based on field observations that show that the different lithologies grade into each other and that intrusive contacts are lacking. Whole rock major and trace element analyses also point to a common protolith. Finally, Pb/Pb dating of magmatic zircons gave the same ca 1576 Ma age for the different rock types. Our findings necessitate a re evaluation of the published regional geology and lithostratigraphy of the Mt Painter Inlier. They also indicate that extreme care should be taken in the classification and genetic interpretation of rocks that have experienced extensive metasomatic alteration, which is common in many high grade terrains in Australia.


Thank you for reading abuse of process and judicial stays of criminal proceedings. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this abuse of process and judicial stays of criminal proceedings, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer.


Abstract Common in the language and actions of libraries is the desire to develop and foster a culture of assessment and evaluation. However, most employees in a library have had limited or no experience in designing, conducting, analyzing, and disseminating library assessments. Those who do have experience tend to draw from their personal discipline background that emphasizes one type of method over another. Typically, when these assessments happen, the efforts are one-off or siloed assessments. To create and foster a culture of assessment a framework is needed to guide and support all library assessments. A library assessment framework helps library employees see where their assessment fits into the overall library strategic planning and improvement processes. It informs them regarding what assessment services are available for supporting their efforts. In short, a library assessment framework helps all library employees contribute to the culture of assessment. This article describes the tools used to develop a library-wide assessment framework, the components of an assessment framework, and how the assessments tie into library and university aims and goals. Example templates are provided in Appendices.


The parallel active filter (PAF) will require an adequate and robust control system to have good harmonic compensation in the network due to the frequent use of certain so-called non-linear loads. For this, a comparative study was carried out with the implementation of the various control strategies, namely the instantaneous power PQ method, the instantaneous current DQ method and the direct power control DPC method. The comparative study between these command and control strategies is carried out by simulation tests under different conditions such as: the variation of the load and the variation of the reference voltage of the DC bus, in order to evaluate the dynamic performances of these strategies and indeed the overall behavior of the active filter.


A magnetic-to-electric energy conversion device provided with a matrix (12) which includes ferromagnetic particles (10) with conductive properties, an injecting part (20) which injects carriers into the ferromagnetic particles, and a receptor (22) which receives the carriers from the ferromagnetic particles, wherein when the magnetized state of the ferromagnetic particles is reversed by magnetic tunneling due to a magnetic field, the carriers are tunneled through the ferromagnetic particles from the injecting part to the receptor.


We experimentally demonstrate a hardwareand spectral-efficient large-capacity single-carrier radio-overfiber system at Q-band (33-50 GHz), employing high-level polarization-division-multiplexing 64-ary quadrature-amplitudemodulation (PDM-64QAM) modulation and heterodyne coherent detection. In our demonstrated system, up to 10-GBd (120-Gb/s) PDM-64QAM vector millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal at 37.5 GHz can be generated and delivered over 1-m wireless distance, with a bit-error ratio (BER) less than the hard-decision forward-error-correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10-3. Our demonstrated system can also generate up to 16-GBd (192-Gb/s) PDM-64QAM vector mm-wave signal at 37.5 GHz, with a BER less than the soft-decision FEC threshold of 1 × 10-2. During the receiver digital signal processing, the employment of largetap decision-directed least-mean-square equalization after carrier recovery significantly improves the system performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to demonstrate single-carrier PDM-64QAM modulated wireless mm-wave signal delivery.


s of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research 46th Annual Fall Conference and Scientific Sessions September 29-October 2, 1992 Stouffer Tower City Plaza Hotel Cleveland, Ohio Program presentations are eligible for publication in an upcoming issue of Hypertension. The Publications Committee and Editors of Hypertension welcome the opportunity to consider all manuscripts for publication. Manuscripts will be collected at the conference. Slide Presentations 397


The majority of the cultural heritage built in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, is made of gneiss or granite, and exposition of the facades to the polluted environment leads to strong degradation. In order to understand these weathering processes, five historic buildings in the city were studied. The selected historic buildings studied exhibited iron staining, granular disintegration, blistering, incipient fractures and contour scaling, and black crust development. Samples collected from these buildings were examined in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of surface weathering. Rock samples were collected from areas that exhibited serious symptoms of stone decay. The anion and cation content of the building materials was evaluated by AA spectrometry and Ion Chromatographic analysis. The samples were also studied by Field-Emission SEM, petrographic analysis and for their biological content by SEM and DNA analysis using Illumina Mi-Seq Next Generation Sequencing. All the chemical analyses showed high concentrations of soluble salts, such as halite and gypsum, which play a very important role in stonework weathering. FE-SEM with EDS analysis allowed the detection within the rock of sparse filamentous fungi, groups of bacterial cells, rare diatoms and, especially interesting, filamentous photosynthetic bacteria encrusted with re-precipitated gypsum, showing the participation of microorganisms in stone degradation.


Background: Although simulation-based learning is expensive but cost-effective and advantageous as well if utilized appropriately. It is known to enhance clinical competence among medical students. There is a dire need to enhance the utilization of simulation-based clinical teaching skills to replace hands-on experience involving patients. The objective of this article was to highlight the importance of simulation-based education (SBE) in medical training.
Methodology: For the study purpose, literature focusing on the use of SBE in medical training was reviewed. The databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Research gate, Scopus, The Nation news, BBC news were searched using the keywords Simulation-Based Education, Clinical Skills, Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development, Objectively Structured Clinical Examination and COVID-19. We also designed a pilot study to demonstrate the effect of simulator-based training among medical students.
Results: Efforts are being made to support SBE as an alternative method for clinical skill training in medical and dental undergraduate students during this pandemic. As it is cost-effective, ensures patient safety, and reduces the risk of health hazards by refining the medical provider's abilities.
 Conclusion: Due to the pandemic, skill training sessions on simulators via zoom can play a significant role in improving skills among medical students with the least exposure to COVID-19 infection.


The palynologic study of the sediments at the Madinat al-Zahra archaeological site intend to expand data regarding the species planted in the original gardens and surroundings, as well as the evolution of the area's flora since periods prior to the construction of the city and up to the present day. Samples were extracted from the site by boring. A physical-chemical treatment was then applied to the samples in order to isolate the pollen grains they contained. Once the pollen grains were counted and identified, pollen diagrams were created from this data, which have permitted the interpretation of the botanic events that took place in the area.


With transmission electronic microscopy the features of bacteria Kocuria sp. ultrastructure during their growing in media with different sources of carbon were studied. It was disclosed that reconstruction of metabolism after the replacing of easily accessible organics with hydrocarbons as nutrient substrate results in increasing of cell sizes and their aggregation. Modifications of ultrastructure are observed too, in particular capsule is condensed, quantity and sizes of cytoplasmic membrane bodies are increased and vacuoles with electron pellucid contents are appeared. These modifications are typical for other taxa of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria and may be regarded as result of adaptation to changed environment conditions.


This report describes efforts to apply sketching interfaces to animation. We deal with the problem of sketching 2-D mo tion paths for objects to produce animations for applications like Microsoft PowerPoint , Macromedia Flash or Director. We worked on the core problem of editing a sketched mo tion curve, using the approach of blending newly sketched motion paths with older paths to allow for successive refine ments of an animation. We describe various methods used to edit motion curves and their results.


Abstract Diallyl sulphide (DAS), the pungent component of garlic, is known to have several medicinal properties and has recently been shown to have radiomitigative properties. The present study was performed to better understand its mode of action in rendering radiomitigation. Evaluation of the colonogenic ability of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) on methocult media, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and transplantation of stem cells were performed. The supporting tissue of HSCs was also evaluated by examining the histology of bone marrow and in vitro colony-forming unit–fibroblast (CFU-F) count. Alterations in the levels of IL-5, IL-6 and COX-2 were studied as a function of radiation or DAS treatment. It was observed that an increase in proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells occurred by postirradiation DAS administration. It also resulted in increased circulating and bone marrow homing of transplanted stem cells. Enhancement in bone marrow cellularity, CFU-F count, and cytokine IL-5 level were also evident. All those actions of DAS that could possibly add to its radiomitigative potential and can be attributed to its HDAC inhibitory properties, as was observed by the reversal radiation induced increase in histone acetylation.


derzeit Mikrotraumata innerhalb der Tunica albuginea betrachtet. Veranderungen im Kollagenstoffwechsel oder eine bakterielle Genese wurden nicht nachge- wiesen. Immunologische und genetische Faktoren haben bislang trotz interessanter Einzelergebnisse keine eindeutigen pathophysiologischen Zusammen- hange erkennen lassen. M. Dupuytren und IPP haben nach aktuellen Untersuchungen trotz vieler Ahnlich- keiten keine gemeinsame Entstehungsgeschichte. Die Rolle der Einnahme von β-Blockern, Nikotin- genuss oder Stoffwechselerkrankungen im Rahmen der Entstehung einer IPP kann derzeit nicht schlussig beurteilt werden. Trotz vieler interessanter Einzelergebnisse exis- tiert somit derzeit kein schlussiges Modell der Erkran- kungsgenese, sodass die IPP weiterhin Gegenstand der Forschung sein muss, um letztlich eine kausale Therapie zu definieren. Abstract: Pathophysiology of Peyronie's Disease (PD): Current State of Knowledge. Peyronie's dis- ease (PD) is estimated to have an increasing sympto- matic incidence in the industrial countries of 1-5 % and affects mainly men in mid age. The etiology of PD is widely unknown. The typical symptoms, penile devia- tion and erectile pain, are provoked by collagenous de- posits within the penile Tunica albuginea (TA). Although being not life threatening at all, PD can cause severe restrictions in quality of life, amongst others due to the erectile dysfunction (ED) which is often associated with PD. More and more the missing knowledge about pathophysiological background and sufficiently working therapy options are crucial. Today, PD is supposed to be most probably caused by small lesions of the TA which are the result of micro- traumata during sexual intercourse. Alterations in colla- gen metabolism or signs of bacterial infection could not be found. Immune and genetic investigations showed interesting new findings, but there were no crucial new connections to the pathophysiology of PD. Morbus Dupuytren and PD do not seem to have a common pathophysiological background what has been sup- posed for years due to very similar clinical course and morphology. The influence of drug intake, nicotine and metabolic diseases is actually a point of discussion. Despite many interesting new findings and insi- ghts, there exists actually no conclusive model of pathogenesis of PD. Thus, further investigations will be required to define the crucial mechanisms of the development of PD and with that a working causal therapy. The following paper is a summary of the ac- tual pathophysiological insights. J Urol Urogynakol 2008; 15 (2): 0-0.


Starting from (−)-quinic acid, the title compound was synthesized in seven chemical steps and an overall yield of 35−38%. The route of the improved Gilead synthesis was not changed. However, significant improvements in each step led to a doubled overall yield, a 30% reduction in the number of unit operations, and an excellent quality (≥99%) of the resulting epoxide. A highly regioselective method for the dehydration of a quinic acid to a shikimic acid derivative and for the reduction of a cyclic ketal was found. Alternatively, the title compound was synthesized in six chemical steps and 63−65% yield from commercially available (−)-shikimic acid. Compared to the optimized quinic acid route, the production time was reduced by about 50%. The quality of epoxide produced from either natural product was equivalent. Therefore (−)-shikimic acid is the preferred raw material. The absolute configuration of the epoxide was determined by X-ray single crystal structure analysis and it was demonstrated that the epoxide...


Why was the idea necessary (problem)? Health professions education institutions across the globe are adopting competency-based education (CBE) models. [1] Inherent in CBE is learner centredness, which emphasises the contribution of learners to the learning process. Nursing education institutions (NEIs) in Lesotho adopted CBE for all undergraduate nursing programmes, inspired by the Government's need for improved quality of learning that aligns with global trends in health professions education.[2] Nurse educators from NEIs who adopted CBE use group work as a dominant teaching strategy to enhance learner centredness. Group work, when appropriately applied, is associated with enhanced teamwork, motivation and deep learning.[3] Nursing students in NEIs in Lesotho asynchronously prepare for class activities through engaging with specified learning resources, such as study guides and workbooks. Nurse educators moderate learning in class and randomly assign students to small groups. The use of random allocation is deliberate to prepare them for the authentic clinical environment, where there is no autonomy in choosing team members. As a result, differences in learning styles, personalities and experiences were not taken into account. Each group collectively solves a specific problem, applying knowledge learnt during the asynchronous time. However, educators observed poor engagement, dominance by some students and general disparities in the performance among the groups. Therefore, in view of these challenges, we explored how the students experienced group work.


OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Ginkgolides inhalation on eosinophils infiltration in airway of asthmatic guinea pig model. METHODS: Guinea pigs were divided into seven groups(n=8 in each group): model group, ginkgolides inhalation low, medium and high dosage groups(5, 10, 20mg·kg-1, respectively), ginkgolides ip group (at a dosage of 20 mg·kg-1), Dexamethasone ip group (at a dosage of 10 mg·kg-1), normal control group. The eosinophils (EOS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and trachea were counted. RESULTS: As compared with normal control group, the number of EOS in BALF was significantly increased in model group, but that in BALF and trachea of the Ginkgolides inhalation group was significantly reduced(P0.05).CONCLUSION: Ginkgolides inhalation can antagonize the infiltration of eosinophils in airway of asthmatic guinea pigs, and it can be used as a new therapy for bronchial asthma.


This paper addresses the problem of determining cobalt in steels, alloys, and minerals. Spectrophotometric titration was performed on a SF-16 spectrophotometer in a cell with a layer thickness of 30 mm. The method used was based on the formation of outer cobalt (III) nitrite complex anions with barium ions. The curves obtained in the titration of the anionic complexes of cobalt are shown and the range of cobalt determination is 3-1200 ..mu..g/15 ml. 1000-fold excesses of iron and nickel do not interfere in the determination; in most other methods such an excess makes the determination of cobalt difficult. The method presented is selective, sensitive and rapid for the determination of cobalt in steels, alloys and minerals.


The problem of influence maximization is an important research topic in social networks. The problem is described as follows: under a specific propagation model, how to select a specified number of seed-node sets for message propagation, that the number of influence nodes reaches a maximum at the end of propagation. There are some imperfections in the existing algorithms. It may not estimate the influence of the node accurately, when the selected seed-nodes have overlapping influences and the edges in the network have different propagation probabilities. To solve this problem, an improved influence maximization algorithm APCA (Active Probability Coverage Algorithm) is proposed. Firstly, calculating influence of the node with the improved k-shell algorithm to select the first seed-node; Secondly, the activated-easily node is marked as covered status by the coverage threshold &thgr;, and the influence of the node is updated until a specified number of seed-nodes are selected; Finally, the CCA (Core Covering Algorithm), MaxDegree (Maximum Degree Algorithm), IRIE algorithm (Impact Ranking Impact Estimation) and APCA were compared, and analyzed with three real data sets from the website. The experimental results show that under the IC model (Independent Cascade Model) and the WC model (Weight Cascade Model), the influence of APCA is better than the other three algorithms.


Objective: To explore the influence of comprehensive mental intervention on anxiety of women undergoing artificial abortion.Methods:A total of 100 cases of women undergoing artificial abortion first time were selected, who have got pregnant for 6~10 weeks and were appling for termination of pregnancy and without any contraindications in outpatient clinic. They were numbered according to their visiting sequence and were divided into intervention and control group with 50 cases each based on random principle. Comprehensive mental interventions were carried out for women in the intervention group before and during operation but not for women in control group. Then BP, Pulse rate and anxiety (SAS, self-rate anxiety scale) of all cases were measured and pain degree and artificial abortion syndrome of them were evaluated either.Results:There was no statistic significant difference in general data, BP, P and SAS score between the intervention and control group women before intervention. After the intervention, it showed that: ① Incidence (18%)of moderate and severe pain during artificial abortion of pregnant women in intervention group was apparently lower than that of control group (44%,χ2=7.9,P0.01). Incidence of artificial abortion syndrome among pregnant women in intervention group (4%) was lower than that (16%) of control group (χ2=4.0,P0.05). ② There were no statistical significances in terms of BP and P changes before intervention, before operation, during and after operation between the two groups. ③ In terms of SAS standard score, pregnant women of intervention group(37.3±5.6)was lower than those of control group(43.3±4.9,t=-5.61, P0.01)at one week after operation.Conclusion: Comprehensive mental intervention is good way to lower anxiety degree of pregnant women undergoing artificial abortion, and to decrease the incidence of artificial abortion syndrome. Comprehensive mental intervention can also relieve pain for pregnant women undergoing artificial abortion. It denoted that comprehensive mental intervention is an effective intervention method for women undergoing artificial abortion.


Abstract Modeling of the liquefaction reaction kinetics for the low-input high-diversity mixtures of native grassland perennials was studied. The highest liquid yield of 82% was achieved within a short residence time of 1 minute at 374°C and 22.1 MPa. Seven possible reaction schemes and kinetic models were developed and compared. The unknown kinetic parameters of each model were estimated by nonlinear least square method. Model 3, assuming that biomass first decomposes to condensable hydrocarbons or tars (liquid products), gaseous products, and solid chars via three competitive reactions and then tars are subjected to a second cracking reaction producing gases, is found to be the best one closely matching the experimental yield data obtained from liquefaction of prairie grasses. The effects of temperature on reaction rate constants for all the reactions except the biomass conversion to char were best described by Arrhenius-type equations. The model developed here in addition to helping better understand the fundamentals of reaction kinetics of biomass liquefaction is also helpful for prediction of three lumped products—liquid products, gaseous products, and solid chars, and rough design of biomass liquefaction reactors and subsequent techno-economic analysis of the process.


Someday the successful treatment and/or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be discovered. Unfortunately, lengthy and painstaking research must precede this discovery. Using the scientific method and controlled experiments, physicians, lab technicians, biologists, organic chemists, immunologists, and professionals with similar interests may, after many years, unravel the mystery of AD. Until a treatment or cure is discovered, there is a need for addressing ways of improving the quality of life for AD victims and those who care for them. Recently in Pennsylvania, the opportunity to address this issue emerged as a result of the Department of Aging, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's public health policy on Alzheimer's disease. Instead of the traditional scientific research response, this situation was met with a marketing approach. Although marketing research is nontraditional in the scientific community, the results seem to have provided a solid foundation on which to base educational materials for caregivers of AD patients. What follows is a chronicle of how the marketing method was used in public health research and how its results fostered the development of an AD patient management professional education program for nurses and nursing assistants. (The term "nursing assistants" shall include nurses' aides and other nursing support personnel.) Alzheimer's Disease: A Teaching Series for Health Care Providers presents ways of managing and improving the quality of life for victims of AD. It has produced an ancillary benefit of stress relief among both patient and caregiver. As nurses and assistants begin to comprehend AD's behavioral aspects, they can give the hospital patient or


Abstract Texas State University (TXST) in San Marcos, Texas is in one of the most flood prone regions of the U.S. due to the synergistic combination of extreme precipitation intensities, low infiltration surfaces, and the hydrologically efficient drainage of the eastern Texas Hill Country. Four flood events occurred along the San Marcos River and adjacent streams from 2015 to 2017 wherein access to the University was restricted. Students who reside in San Marcos as well as students who commute represent a vulnerable population. Starting in the fall of 2015, a survey was conducted among the students of TXST to inquire about their experience(s) with flooding. The purpose of the survey was to fill a gap in the research regarding flood risk perceptions and awareness among students, and to determine (a) what factors contribute to the flood risk perceptions and awareness among students of TXST, (b) what role, if any, do heuristic principles play in forming students' risk perceptions, and (c) if there is a need to organize flood education at TXST. Results (n = 481) suggest that heuristic principles, such as using the previous experience with flooding, influence students' behavior, and students would benefit from a University-wide flood education program.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Measurement of pain in infants can be challenging due to an inability to communicate level of discomfort directly. Therefore, providers are forced to rely on secondary proxies for discomfort, resulting in a nonspecific or inaccurate measurement. In this study, we present the use of the novel Rakai scale for the measurement of pain during early infant circumcision (EIMC) using ShangRing (SR) in our recent clinical trials in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya. METHODS: Male infants aged 0 e 60 days were brought to 14 sites in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda by a parent or legally appointed representative for SR EIMC from February to December 2020. Infants with congenital genitourinary anomalies, bleeding diatheses, or allergy to local anesthetics were excluded. Topical anesthesia was administered, with additional local injectable anesthesia given if needed. Infants were scored on both the nine-point Rakai scale during SR placement (Table 1) as well as the seven-point Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) post-operatively. RESULTS: Rakai and NIPS scores were completed for 1,690 of 1,691 infants (99.9%) who underwent SR placement. The mean procedure time was 10.1 minutes (standard deviation (STD): 5.3). Additional injectable anesthesia was needed for 44 infants (2.6%). Mean Rakai Score was 3.6 of 9 (STD: 2.6). The highest scored portion of the procedure was "skin adjustment with the ring in place" (mean 0.52 of 1), and the lowest scored portion was "placement of hemostats" (mean 0.24 of 1). Severe Rakai Score (>6 of 9) was recorded in 303 infants (17.9%). Mean NIPS Score was 0.3 of 7 (STD: 0.8), with "flexed or extended arms" the highest scored portion (mean 0.06 of 1). A severe NIPS score ( 5 of 7) was recorded in 8 infants (0.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In a large prospective study of male newborn infants undergoing SR placement, the Rakai Score captured infant pain at each step of the procedure with a higher rate of severe pain detection than the NIPS score administered post-operatively. Thus, the Rakai score may be superior to pre-existing tools such as the NIPS score for pain measurement during SR EIMC due to its detection of intraprocedural pain with more significant detection of severe pain.


Much of the salty, high oxygen North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) leaving the Atlantic flows through the Argentine Basin, where it is diluted by fresher, low oxygen Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW). This mixing of deep water masses is often overlooked in the zonally averaged description of the overturning circulation. Here, we show that intense mixing occurs along the western boundary: (a) extreme, isolated oxygen/temperature anomalies recorded by three autonomous biogeochemical floats suggest that subsurface eddies can inject relatively unmodified CDW far into the northwestern Argentine Basin, and (b) moderate, numerous temperature/salinity anomalies indicate a mixing zone from Rio Grande Rise to the Malvinas Current. This western eddy pathway shortcuts the gyre‐scale cyclonic route for CDW inferred from most previous studies. Significantly, CDW dilution of NADW affects the properties of deep waters that upwell in the Southern Ocean, and hence the connection between Northern and Southern Hemisphere polar climates.


Cooking attitudes and behaviors among college students—and related implications to dietary quality—are largely unexplored. This study assessed the relationship between college students' fruit and vegetable intakes and cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency (N
 = 448) using a cross-sectional survey. Hierarchical linear regression models examined associations between cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Fruit and vegetable intake was positively correlated with cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency. Regression
 analysis indicated cooking frequency is a significant predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption when controlling for sex, kitchen access, and cooking attitudes and confidence. Future studies are needed to investigate the impact of cooking interventions on diet quality.


In the process of college English teaching, the generation of subtitles in English class has gradually received more attention. The accuracy of subtitle generation determines the quality of English teaching. In order to optimize the subtitle generation technology for English teaching in university classrooms, this study uses the self attention mechanism of artificial intelligence technology to construct the subtitle generation model, and applies it to the sequence segmentation and paragraph segmentation of news data set. The results show that the subtitle generation model based on self attention mechanism can effectively complete the corresponding tasks with high accuracy, recall and FI-Score, and provide strong support for English teaching.


This study investigated the effect of aggregate gradation on the permeability and mechanical properties of pervious concrete (PC). PC with 3 aggregate gradations was characterized by laboratory testing. Air voids distribution of PC was evaluated through conventional procedure and image analysis. Theoretical and laboratory methods were employed to evaluate the permeability properties of PC mixtures. The mechanical properties of PC mixtures were characterized in terms of compressive and split tensile strengths. The results from this study indicate that aggregate gradation had a significant influence on both strength and permeability properties of PC. With the decrease in aggregate size, the air voids of PC increased, the permeability increases, the compressive strength decreased, and the split tensile strength increased.


Cannulation of the brachial plexus by the axillary approach can be facilitated by use of a spinal needle-intravenous catheter combination. This technique may have advantages compared with previously described techniques. Two cases in which this technique was used are reported. The subject of brachial plexus cannulation and continuous brachial plexus anesthesia is discussed.


HORACE MANN: A COMPARISON OF A TRADITIONAL AND A REVISIONIST BIOGRAPHY George C. Whiting, Ed.D. The College of William and Mary in Virginia, May 1989 Chairman: Professor William F. Losito The purpose of this study was to compare a traditional biography, Burke A. Hinsdale's Horace Mann and the Common School Revival in the United States (1900), and a revisionist biography, Jonathan Messerli's Horace Mann: a Biography (1972), within a "neutral" frame of reference to determine which author made the more logical use of evidence to support his argument. David H. Fischer's Historians' Fallacies (1970) and Richard E. Neustadt St Ernest R. May's Thinking in Time (1986) were used to formulate a "neutral" frame of reference within which to analyze the two biographies. Hindale's explanation was found to consist of a series of generalizations few of which were supported by credible relevant evidence. Thus, while Messerli's explanation in part relied on the assumption that such evidence as has survived is adequate to justify using psychological and sociological theory to explain the formation of Mann's personality, his explantion otherwise generally uses credible relevant evidence to support the generalizations he makes. Therefore, it was concluded that Messerli made the more logical use of evidence to support his argument. Since making generalizations about the traditional and the revisionist genres based on a single sample of each is tenuous, additional studies are needed to justify extending the conclusions of this study to the genres.


ABSTRACT Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second leading cause of female cancer-related deaths worldwide. Inflammation is an established hallmark of tumorigenesis and an important determinant of tumor outcome and response to therapy. With advances in cancer immunotherapy, there is an urgent need to dissect the contribution of specific immune effectors in cancer development. Here, we genetically investigated the role of the Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor 1 (IL-1R1) pathway in breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis using the MMTV-PyMT mouse model. Our results indicate that IL-1R1 signaling suppresses mammary tumor cell proliferation early in tumorigenesis and curbs breast cancer outgrowth and pulmonary metastasis. We show that PyMT/Il1r1−/− mice had a higher primary tumor burden and increased mortality rate compared with IL-1R1-sufficient PyMT control mice. This phenotype was independent of the inflammatory caspases-1/-11 but driven by IL-1α, as PyMT/Il1a−/− mice phenocopied PyMT/Il1r1−/− mice. Collectively, our results suggest that IL-1α-mediated IL-1R1 signaling is tumor-suppressive in PyMT-driven breast cancer.


The two-user Gaussian interference channel with a shared out-of-band relay is considered. The relay observes a linear combination of the source signals and broadcasts a common message to the two destinations, through a perfect link of fixed rate R_0 bits per channel use. The out-of-band nature of the relay is reflected by the fact that the common relay message does not interfere with the received signal at the two destinations. We are interested in designing "oblivious" relay strategies that incrementally improve upon the communication strategy in place, i.e., the source encoding strategy (apart from rate allocation) is independent of the relay presence. An ideal relay strategy would have a two-for-one gain, i.e., for every common bit relayed, the rate of each user is increased by one bit. We show that this ideal upper bound cannot be always achieved. Still, for a range of weak interference regimes and for R_0 below a certain threshold depending on signal-to-noise and interference-to-noise ratios (SNR and INR), we show an oblivious relay strategy that incrementally improves the sum rate by 2R_0-Delta bits per channel use, where Delta=1.95 is a constant for all channel coefficients and R_0. For a symmetric interference channel, the approximate two-for-one gain is achieved in the regime of log INR / log SNR < 2/3. A similar general result is also found for an asymmetric interference channel. It is further shown that an oblivious relay strategy achieves the entire capacity region of the interference-relay channel model at hand to within the constant gap Delta = 1.95 bits, for R_0 below a threshold that depend on the ratio log INR / log SNR. Instrumental to this result is the design of a suitable quantize-and-forward (QF) strategy at the relay, that can benefit both destinations.


:As we know, it is Confucianism, Taoism and Buddism that fundamentally influenced the ancient Chinese intellectual, While they played different roles in different periods. Among them, Confucism is the prominent one though it twisted and turned since Dong Zhongshu. The author discusses change of thoughts of the ancient Chinese intellectual through three articles that have the same name YUANDAO.


The interest rate spread, the difference between the lending rate and deposit rate, in Brazil differs considerably from those charged in the rest of the world. In 2018, the interest rate spread in Brazil was close to 32%. Meanwhile, the world average interest rate spread was less than 7%. Despite the high rates seen in the country, Brazilian banks are one of the most important sources of capital financing for firms. We augment the model proposed in Aiyagari (1994), by introducing banks competing à la Hotelling, and use this to understand the role of banking competition in the interest rate spreads charged on firm's credit operations. Moreover, we evaluate some consequences of this imperfect competition on some economic indicators, such as the size distribution of firms, number of entrepreneurs, income inequality and financial inclusion. We leverage the framework developed in Achdou et al. (2021) to find the solution of the model and to match some of its results to the Brazilian data. Our quantitative analysis shows that eliminating the transportation cost, thus achieving a perfect competitive scenario, would increase the product by 1.8%, reduce the interest rate spreads by 13%, produce welfare gains and contribute to reduce income inequality in the country.


Dr. Campbell-Yeo is an assistant professor, certified neonatal nurse practitioner
 and clinician scientist with a cross appointment in the Department of Pediatrics,
 Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine at the IWK Health Centre. She holds grants
 examining maternal driven interventions to improve outcomes of medically at risk newborns
 specifically related to pain, stress and neurodevelopment.


The atmospheric region located between 14 and 20 km altitude in the tropics, called the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL), has intermediate properties between those of the tropical troposphere and stratosphere. Air parcels that have been rapidly lofted by deep convection to the bottom of the TTL are radiatively heated in the TTL and ascends to the stratosphere within a few weeks or months. During this timeframe, the air-parcel water vapor mixing ratio decreases to stratospheric values under the influence of a number of dynamical (e.g., planetary and gravity waves) and microphysical (e.g., nucleation) processes that cover a wide range of scales. Despite recent improvements of spaceborne sensors, an accurate global picture of these processes and their interactions is still missing. in the driving of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation. Strateole 2 observations will also be assimilated by operational numerical weather prediction system to improve their representation of the upper-tropospheric lower-stratospheric circulation. The presentation will provide a description of Strateole 2 scientific objectives and schedule. It will also show results regarding gravity-wave activity obtained during the previous long-duration balloon campaigns.


The paper develops a set membership detection methodology which is applied to the detection of abnormal positions of aircraft control surfaces. Robust and early detection of such abnormal positions is an important issue for early system reconfiguration and overall optimisation of aircraft design. In order to improve fault sensitivity while ensuring a high level of robustness, the method combines a data-driven characterisation of noise and a model-driven approach based on interval prediction. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is illustrated through simulation results obtained based on data recorded in several flight scenarios of a highly representative aircraft benchmark.


Indigenous fruit tree species such as tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) in African sub-Saharan traditionally act to build resilience into the farming system in terms of food security, income generation and ecosystem stability. Therefore, increasing our knowledge on their ecology and distribution is a priority. Tamarind is mainly grown for the fruits but is also a valuable timber species. The fruit pulp has a high content of vitamin B and is eaten fresh or made into jam, chutney, juice or sweets. Flowers, leaves and seeds are also edible and used in a variety of dishes. The main objective of this study is to evaluate actual density of tamarind in Senegal and the climate change effects on its distribution for better conservation strategies. Tamarind's distribution and density around villages were recorded and modelled in different agro-ecological zones in Senegal using transect method and under current and future climates. Distribution under two future climate scenarios were modelled using four climate models and three time slices (2020, 2050 and 2080). Results show a decreasing gradient in tree density (from 7 to 1 trees km-2) from the Sudano agro-ecological zone (in the south) to the Sahel (in the north). Future climate predictions show that although tamarind distribution will increase in the north-west and south of the country in 2020; by 2050, the area identified as suitable for its growth will be greatly reduced. Areas in the north-west basin appear to be an important refugia for the species under future climate conditions. However, density around villages in this area was found to be relatively low indicating that this could lead to problems of poor connectivity and inbreeding depression. This region should therefore be highlighted as important conservative management and protection strategies of tamarind in this region.


The method for determination of related substances in raw material drug of ammonium glycyrrhizinate and different dosage form of glycyrrhizin preparations with long retention time and low efficiency in National Drug Standards of China(WS1-XG-2002),which could not effectively separate 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly,thus could not truly reflect the contents of 18α-Gly,18β-Gly,impurity A and impurity B in the raw materials and pharmaceutical products.The chromatographic conditions were investigated.The assay was carried out on a Durashell-C18column(4.6mm ×250mm,5μm)with 0.01mol/L ammonium perchlorate(the pH value was adjust to 8.20 with ammonia)-methanol(48∶52,V/V)as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8mL/min,and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm.The column temperature was50℃and the injection volume was 10μL.The calibration curves of 18α-Gly,18β-Gly,impurity A and impurity B of ammonium glycyrrhizinate showed good linearities within the mass concentration of 0.5-100.0μg/mL(r=0.999 9).The detection limits for 18α-Gly,18β-Gly,impurity A and impurity B were0.10,0.10,0.15 and 0.15μg/mL.The average recoveries(n=3)were between 98.06%and 101.61%.Compared with the method for determination of ammonium glycyrrhizinate in National Drug Standards of China,the method could separate 18α-Gly and 18β-Gly,and could quantitative analysis of related substances accurately and reliable.The method is reproducible and sensitive,the results are accurate and reliable.It is suitable for the determination of related substances.The method can be used for the determination of practical components and related substances of ammonium glycyrrhizinate and different dosage form of glycyrrhizin preparations for the quality control of raw material drug of glycyrrhizinate and different dosage form of glycyrrhizin preparations.


The persistent nature of the increased conductivity upon removal of incident illumination, described by the term persistent photoconductivity (PPC), in ZnO films is sensitive to their defect states. PPC can be viewed as a process of charge storage with relevant defects. To evaluate charge storage quantitatively, in this work, some thought-provoking characteristic quantities were derived from a photocurrent–time curve acquired by testing the photoelectric properties of ZnO under on and off UV illumination. Quo was defined as the obtained charge number per unit voltage during the light-on phase, while Qus was defined as the storage charge number during the light-off phase. η was acquired by dividing Qus by Quo to measure the storage efficiency after the removal of UV light. On the basis of previous work, it was assumed that the PPC of ZnO originated from the unique property of V0O. Meanwhile, this report reveals that the intrinsic defects VO2+, VO+, V0Zn will enhance Quo and Qus but decrease η in the pure ZnO nanorod array film. The extrinsic defect Cu0Zn introduced by coating the ZnO nanorod array film in an ethanol solution of copper acetate suppresses Quo and Qus but promotes the increase of η. Since the whole methodology originated from a series of physical definitions, it can be easily extended to other materials with similar PPC effects.


Methodology: A blind randomized controlled trial was performed using swiss male mice, aged 56 days-old, divided into groups: NInoninfected mice; infected mice treated with: CI7%water-alcool solution; OD 200 DH T. cruzi in a single day; ED -200 DH T. cruzi from infection until the end of the experiment. The groups were infected with 1400 blood tripomastigotes Y strain-T.cruzi, intraperitoneal. Medicine was handled according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia, with microbiological testing (RDC n° 67-MSBrazil [2]) and in vivo biological test negative. Medicine was administrated diluted in water (1mL/100mL). Parasitological parameters and mortality were evaluated daily. Organs and serum was collected at 0, 4th, 8th and 12 th days of infection. Cytokine profile was assessed using BD Cytometric Bead Array Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17-Cytokine Kit and histopatological parameters were evaluated in histological sections (hematoxilian-eosin). The data were compared using Statistica 8.0, 5% significance. Approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal/UEM.


The rapid development of the domestic financial market has increased the enthusiasm of various investors to participate, the amount of data and the frequency of transactions have increased sharply, the demand for transaction speed has increased, the correlation of data between markets has become more complex, and the proportion of quantitative exchanges has increased. Correspondingly, the proportion of quantitative transactions that use model algorithms in finance is increasing, making it possible to use pattern recognition to analyze financial data to guide quantitative transactions. The purpose of this article is to study the evaluation model and its algorithm based on financial data. Aiming at the shortcomings of the algorithm in the future financial market and the specific environment of the domestic financial market, this paper proposes to use the continuous hidden Markov model to analyze and predict financial data. This paper conducts a comprehensive research on the development and algorithm theory of the entire continuous hidden Markov model system, decomposes the model's identification, decoding, and learning processes, and conducts research on the application of the three types of processes in finance. At the same time, according to the specific financial data and the algorithmic process of the model, the stock and futures data are extracted and processed, and the model system sample data and various parameters are set using classification selection, wavelet denoising and stable index construction to improve the model under financial data. This paper uses actual transaction data to verify the entire model system, and then uses the recognition and decoding process to study the adaptability of the model, and concludes that the Hidden Markov Model can well identify the pattern features in financial data. Experimental research shows that the result of the hidden state is close to 80% similar to the original state. The continuous hidden Markov model can restore the characteristics of the original sample data well in the five types of hidden state sequence obtained by decoding the observation state.


The present invention relates to a method to verify a virtual sound source localization apparatus having a position verification information, the verification method based comprises, A) selected qualified personnel participants; b) test preparation; c) initiation of the test: i via a computer. virtual sound generating means to generate the test signal having a random orientation of a message, the incoming test signal is involved in the tests the headset, while the computer of the virtual sound recording of the test signal, a desired orientation; ii repeat the test signal.; . iii involved in the tests by pressing the trigger switch position tracking device to the computer through its determination, the computer automatically record the position information;. iv repeating c), i, ii, iii step, until all tests are complete orientation ; D) of data processing. Advantage of the present invention is that: can be quantified by determining the error between the participating personnel subjectively perceived sound image orientation anticipated sound image orientation, for the purpose of eligibility test virtual sound source apparatus.