In the present study, the vibrational analysis of boric acid molecule and boric acid solution prepared as a magistral ear drug was experimentally performed and its chemical characteristics was examined for the first time using FT-IR and NMR chemical shift spectra. The boric acid and salicylic acid powders were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction. The particle size of boric acid and salicylic acid were determined as 457 μm in Dv(50) and 59.8 μm in Dv(50) respectively using particle size analysis device. The optimized molecular structure, vibrational wavenumbers and the highest and the lowest occupied molecular orbital analyses of boric acid molecule were theoretically obtained with DFT method at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The vibrational wavenumbers were found to be consistent with the literature results and the experimental data obtained in the current work. Boric acid solution was found to exhibit antimicrobial activity after the agar disk diffusion and agar well diffusion tests performed on Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) strain. ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 28 June 2017 Received in revised form 17 May 2018 Accepted 21 May 2018 Available online 05 July 2018


The first two articles in this series outlined the task, research, terminology and processes the Competence Committee used to develop the Competency-based Performance Standards (CBPS). These standards were designed as a framework for revision of the Canadian Standard Assessment in Optometry (CSAO) to directly link the exam and practice requirements of Canadian Optometrists. This linkage required determination of the relative weight to be assigned to each of the various competencies. Working groups of practising optometrists rated the frequency and criticality of performance of each of the competencies using a standardized rating system. Results indicated that the majority of a revised CSAO would focus on providing comprehensive eye and vision care (78%), followed by management (11%) and collaboration (10%). The ratings also allowed calculation of the appropriate weighting of the underlying general attributes. The heaviest weighting was assigned to candidates' professional optometric knowledge and the ability to apply this knowledge (41%), followed by communication (27%), planning (13%), ethics (11%) and self-directed learning (8%). The last article in this series will describe work to evaluate the competence-based weightings of the current CSAO and to describe plans for future versions of the CSAO.


File transfer acts an increasing role in digital TV studios and especially for their interconnections. Using adequate file formats to exchange data presents several advantages: low transfer cost and efficient handling of both essence and metadata. Many new file formats have been introduced to cope with system and user requirements. Meanwhile, new user requirements for file transfer have also evolved, requesting enhanced transfers capabilities, which takes full advantages of the recently defined exchange formats and architectures. The goal of this work is to specify an optimised transfer mechanism, this mechanism is integrated in a unified framework managing digital TV content. Our transfer mechanism provides an abstraction level for different network infrastructures and protocols in a seamless way, taking advantage of each of these technologies. For example, multicast and QoS features are supported and managed, as far as they are provided by the underlying network interfaces. Moreover, striped and partial media asset transfers are handled independently of the network infrastructures, at the application layer.


Valtex, a Slovene company that provides hygiene products for commercial buildings, up to recently operated successfully in the eyes of the CEO and owner Niko Kumar, meeting the expected growth, profit and cash flow. Yet suddenly the company is faced with the threat of bankruptcy which put past success on shaky grounds. Niko Kumar, together with his business partner and sales consultant, is forced to think deeper about the real value of the "building hygiene" business, its attractiveness in terms of triple bottom line (profitability, planet and people); and study the value –  if any – Valtex really creates for customers, society (planet and people). Most importantly with bankruptcy at the horizon, Niko is forced to explore novel areas where Valtex would really create substantial value for the customer and society. The case is suitable for post graduate students of management, short duration executive education programs, executive MBA programs, and entrepreneurship education. When discussing this case with a goal of helping Niko Kumar to innovate novel business activities for Valtex using sustainability perspective, an instructor is advised to use a set of strategic concepts: Porter's [1] five-force analysis and company activity system, Brandenburger and Stuart's [2] concept of value adding activities, Elkington's [3] concept of triple bottom line as well as train students in using brain-storming and other creative thinking techniques.


Abstract This study examines the different ways in which fractions are dealt with in two elementary mathematics textbook series: Kang Hsuan (KH) in Taiwan and Laskutaito in Finland. The results showed that the total number of fraction questions in Laskutaito is higher than that in KH and that Laskutaito highlights the basic definition of fractions to help children develop higher levels of reasoning. Fraction questions in Laskutaito were presented with a number of pictorial representations to clarify the concepts. Laskutaito includes more symbolic representation of questions. Moreover, the questions posed in the Laskutaito reflect real-life situations, whereas the questions posed in KH do not connect with real life. The implications of this study are discussed and suggestions for future studies are made in this paper.


Research study showed that multi-component mixtures of enhancers had significant permeation enhancing ability than permeation enhancers alone,with low skin irritancy and low systemic toxicity.It can be concluded that multi-component mixtures of enhancers,will have a better development,while taking further research on permeation enhancement mechanism and high-throughput screening method.According to domestic and foreign literatures,application of multi-component mixtures of enhancers in transdermal drug delivery were presented.The review focused on the following aspects:(1) drug transport across skin;(2) permeation enhancement mechanism;(3) high-throughput screening of transdermal formulations and application practice.


(p. 95) The purpose of this study is to review the behaviours of passengers on Taiwan's high-speed railroad system when booking their seats. A yield management system is to be introduced to operate Taiwan's high-speed system. In order to establish a better yield management system, a historic database is required. The data are regularly extracted from the reservation system for the whole duration of the reservation periods. But Taiwan's high-speed system has not yet gone into operation ; a special technique referred to as Stated Preferences Method was used to create several imaginary scenarios to allow future passengers to make their choice. This report also describes latent factors affecting the behaviours of passengers through an exploratory factorial analysis. The LOGIT model was assessed, based on the information from stated preferences. According to empirical results, possible behaviours in the area of booking can be entered far the future operator to establish appropriate marketing strategies.


We study the problem of convergence to the boundary in the setting of random walks on discrete quantum groups. Convergence to the boundary is established for random walks on $\hat{\textrm{SU}_q(2)}$. Furthermore, we will define the Martin boundary for random walks on C$^*$-tensor categories and give a formulation for convergence to the boundary for such random walks. These categorical definitions are shown to be compatible with the definitions in the quantum group case. This implies that convergence to the boundary for random walks on quantum groups is stable under monoidal equivalence.


Brazilian emigration to the United States has increased considerably in the past three decades. Brazil ian immigrants have begun using literature, music, and cinema to give expression to their experiences. After quickly discussing Brazil's shift from a land of immigration to a region of emigration, this essay introduces a number of aspects of Brazuca literature, and analyzes how the American experience has created changing per ceptions of Brazil and the United States for this new minority group, which is a feature of their in-betweenness as immigrants.


It is necessary for each and every citizen travelling outside or taking care of an infected person to wear a face mask and hand gloves in pandemic times One method used to prevent the spread of disease is the face masks They can also be called dental masks, isolation masks, laser masks, surgical masks, surgery masks This helps in reducing germ propagation When someone is ill a face mask can reduce the amount of germs released by the wearer and can prevent others from getting sick The main aim of the study is to assess the awareness of usage of face masks and hand gloves among the Chennai population A cross-Sectional questionnaire was created which deals with usage of face mask and hand gloves and distributed among 302 people of the general population and the results were recorded and given in pie chart and graph format using SPSS software About 73 2% of the population were aware about the usage of face masks and hand gloves


Activity of CcpA-Regulated GH18 Family Glycosyl Hydrolases That Contributes to Nutrient Acquisition and Fitness in Enterococcus faecalis Nutrient acquisition systems and immune evasion strategies are key factors that contribute to host colonization and influence the overall pathogenic potential of a microorganism. The regulation of these factors is governed by metabolic cues, specifically the availability of glucose as a preferred carbon source. The research presented by Keffeler et al. (e00343-21) identifies CcpA as a major regulator of secondary nutrient acquisition and expands on the importance of GH18 family glycosyl hydrolases in Enterococcus faecalis. These glycosyl hydrolases contribute to the direct targeting of host glycoproteins both for nutrient acquisition as well as for potentially evading the host immune response.


Abstract In this paper we address three concepts that are much talked about in the animal robotics community. These concepts are (1) representations, (2) goals, and (3) minimal cognition. We want to distinguish between information as an objective commodity and representation as something which involves a user, i.e. a system which accesses and uses information. Information per se lies out there and exists independently of any system that makes use of it. Representations presuppose design and require a user. We want to distinguish different kinds of purposive behaviour, which involve different notions of goals, which themselves appear to be different from the point of view of the agent, the designer and the naive observer. We want to try to define cognition in terms of the minimal criteria that would be acceptable in view of our definitions of representations and goals. We recognise that full‐blown cognition may require ingredients other than those of minimal cognition.


In this study, we present the capacity of TiO2 photocatalyst for water treatment. TiO2 is considered the most investigated semiconductor due to photocatalytic activity, thermal stability and nontoxicity. It is considered the most promising for the photocatalytic destruction of organic pollutants. By using several parameters such as phase composition, aggregation degree, electronics structure, adsorption of gas molecules, nature of the solvent can determine photocatalytic activity of TiO2.


In order to analyze the motivation and the impact on the economic development of international speculative capital inflows in mainland China,the paper empirically tests this issue based on the extension vector autoregressive distributed lag model and the sample data from Jan.1999 to June,2011.The test result shows that although the foreign exchange arbitrage and the interest rate arbitrage are the main motivations of international speculative capital inflows,the foreign exchange arbitrage motivation is more strongly.The commodity price and financial asset price will be impacted by the international speculative capital inflows.Specially,the impact on the financial asset prices is more obvious.The test also found that the impact was asymmetric between commodity and financial market,because the funds can freely move from one market to another market.


tinguished as gentlemen because they had more than the few years of education achieved by the masses. The teachers of English had a position of particular prestige and they demanded from their students external standards of fonn that were so high they could only be achieved through grueling effort. The greatest damage in such a program occurred when classroom teachers absorbed these values and in tum demanded them of students at the expense of originality of thought. Is it not important to have the ability to write earrectly? lncreased literacy, stepped-up. vocational, 6CO" nomic, social, and personal needs for <writing combined with improved and faster means of communication makes the ability to express oneself fluently, and effectively in a fonn that is intelligible and acceptable more imperative than ever before. But external perfection at the cost of unwillingness to write is paying a price far beyond its value.


Fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) is a simple and user friendly tool for modeling complex systems. It is described by the set of the concepts and the connections between them. FCM can be initialized based on expert knowledge or automatic constructed with the use of learning algorithms. Most learning methods focus on data error and the structure of the resulting model significantly differs from the reference object. This paper introduces a new multi-objective evolutionary approach for fuzzy cognitive maps learning based on system performance indicators. The proposed solution allows to select the most significant connections in terms of direct and indirect influence between concepts and obtain FCM models more similar to the reference structures. This approach was analyzed with the use of Elite Genetic Algorithm (EGA) and Individually Directional Evolutionary Algorithm (IDEA). Comparative analysis of the proposed methodology with the standard approach of FCMs learning was performed with the use of synthetic and real-life data. The obtained results show that the proposed approach based on system performance indicators outperforms the standard methodology focused only in data error.


A model of linear synchronous motor (LSM) for electromagnetic field analysis is established under reasonable assumptions. Based on this model, we derived the expression of electromagnetic field of LSM using the basic electromagnetic field theory. The analytical expression of propulsion force and levitation force of LSM are also obtained. The good agreement with experiments showed the validity of the analytical methods. The experiments are also analyzed.


Alan Simmons brings his field experience at a wide variety of prehistoric sites in the Levant and Cyprus to bear on this well-written and wide-ranging synthesis of late prehistory in Southwest Asia and Cyprus, with a focus on the Levant. Since the classic English-language introductions to the Near Eastern Neolithic, including James Mellaart's (1976) Neolithic of the Near East and Charles Redman's (1979) Rise of Civilization are very much out-of-date, a book like this is long overdue. Writing such a work has also become a daunting task, particularly because the high intensity of fieldwork over the last 20 years has almost completely revised our understanding of some of the most important developments of the Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic in the region, while also creating a wealth of new finds for us to describe and interpret. Simmons recognizes that he is unable to give detailed treatment to all of this new information and accompanying attempts at explanation, and, instead, does an admirable job of introducing readers to a large sample of the relevant finds and their interpretation.


A metric formula and its application in decision-making is proposed for the uncertainty measurement of grey information theory. Because of the limited interval grey number sequence, the grey sequence entropy measurement is different from Shannon probability entropy. This paper studies the measurement formula with grey number and its several properties, such as invariance, applicable conditions, grey entropy of the union and intersection of two grey numbers. Finally, an example is given with an algorithm to illustrate how this new method can be applied and show the effective.


Ischaemic stroke possesses the characteristics of high incidence, high disability and high mortality. Icariin (ICA) is a flavonoid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium. The protective effect of ICA on ischaemic stroke is worthy of further study. In this study, male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following seven groups: sham, model, ICA low‐dose (10 mg/kg), ICA medium‐dose (20 mg/kg), ICA high‐dose (40 mg/kg), positive control drug (12 mg/kg nimodipine) and endoplasmic reticulum stress induction (0.16 mg/kg tunicamycin) groups. The model of cerebral ischaemia–reperfusion injury in the rats, including 2 h ischaemia and 24 h reperfusion, was accomplished by applying the method of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At 24 h reperfusion, neurological deficits, brain water content, pathological damage of brain tissues, the expression of inflammation‐related targets, and the signal pathway‐related proteins were explored. Compared with the model group, ICA significantly improved neurological deficits, brain oedema and pathological damage after MCAO. In addition, ICA increased neuron survival, reduced microglial activation and expression of IL‐1β, alleviating the inflammatory damage caused by ischaemic stroke. Moreover, ICA suppressed the expressions of glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), inositol requiring enzyme‐1 α (IRE1α), phospho‐IRE1α (p‐IRE1α), protein kinase RNA‐like ER kinase (PERK), phospho‐PERK (p‐PERK), spliced XBP1 (XBP1s), unspliced XBP1 (XBP1u), thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP), NLRP3, and caspase‐1. These results suggested that ICA offers neuroprotection against ischaemic stroke by inhibiting ER stress‐mediated inflammation.


We report here on internal stress variations in SiNx films deposited on silicon by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition-electron cyclotron resonance (PECVD-ECR) plasma. The effects of deposition parameters, film thickness and surface morphology have been considered. SiNx films can exhibit a compressive or a tensile internal stress, ranging from −1970 to +465MPa, depending on deposition parameters. Among published results, usual reported residual stress for PECVD films is compressive. Versatility of our experimental ECR equipment allows one to deposit films exhibiting a weak stress in the range of a few tens MPa. On the basis of atomic force microscopy observations, a correlation between the intensity of the stress and the granular morphology of the films has been observed. The rms value for SiNx film surfaces is never higher than 1.5nm, with a grain height ranging from 1.2 to 5nm and a grain width varying from 20 to 60nm. Both the grain size and the residual stress vary with the thickness of the film...


The AAIS and data by Mayer and Filstead to support it are critically analyzed. The lack of common variance among items is believed to be due to poorly constructed and unordered response options to many items. The primary recommendation is not to use the scale until it is revised to ensure that individual items as well as the scale produce meaningful results.


The Dijkstra method is one of the well-known algorithms in graph theory for determining an optimum path. Some researchers have utilized this algorithm and represented some modified solutions for optimum robot path planning problems. They used a mass-point technique for robot modeling and further the dimensions and shape of robots have not been taken into account. These assumptions make their methods less efficient particularly in places where robot dimensions are comparable with those of the obstacles. This paper presents a more realistic robot modeling in which the dimensions and shape of robots have been taken into consideration. In addition, obstacles have been modeled based on fuzzy concepts. This insures that the robot smoothly tracks a specific optimal path while collision with obstacles is avoided, and further the sensitivity of optimal path to both precise locations and shape of obstacles is relaxed. In order to show the efficiency of the proposed method, we developed a software in Visual Basic 6 environment to simulate the robot path planning problem. Some test cases have been performed. The results of simulations easily approve the outperformance of the proposed method


The test study carried on the relationship between hardness and strength,impact work,and fracture toughness for base material and welded joints of P91 steel shows that the strength of base material and welded joints of P91 steel can't satisfy the requirements specified in related standards in the event of hardness being lower than 180 HB;the impact work of welded joints can't satisfy requirements stipulated in related standards in the case of hardness being higher than 270 HB.The result of test tallies well with the criteria of hardness control for 9%~12% Cr Martensite heat-resisiting steel.


I introduce autobiographical numbers as defined in A046043 (see Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences [3]). I continue by defining and analyzing biographies, curricula vitae and complete life stories of numbers. I end with the definition of mutually-praising number pairs.


The (1+1) Evolution Strategy (ES), a simple, mutation-based evolutionary algorithm for continuous optimization problems, is analyzed. In particular, we consider the most common type of mutations, namely Gaussian mutations, and the 1/5-rule for mutation adaptation, and we are interested in how the runtime, which we define as the number of function evaluations, to obtain a predefined reduction of the approximation error depends on the dimension of the search space. The most discussed function in the area of ES is the so-called Sphere-function given by Sphere : Rn → R with x 7→ x>Ix (where I ∈ Rn×n is the identity matrix), which also has already been the subject of a runtime analysis. This analysis is extended to arbitrary positive definite quadratic forms (PDQFs) that induce ellipsoidal fitness landscapes which are "close to being spherically symmetric. " Namely, all functions x 7→ x>Qx are covered, where Q ∈ Rn×n is positive definite such that its condition number, which equals the ratio of the largest of the n eigenvalues of Q to the smallest one, is O(1). We show that indeed the order of the runtime does not change compared to Sphere. Namely, we prove that any (1+1) ES using isotropic mutations needs Ω(n) function evaluations to halve the approximation error in expectation and yet with an overwhelming probability. On the other hand, also with an overwhelming probability O(n) function evaluations suffice to halve the approximation error when a (1+1) ES uses Gaussian mutations adapted by a 1/5-rule. 1 supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the collaborative research center "Computational Intelligence" (SFB 531)


Disc herniation is pathologically divided into four stages of herniated nucleus pulposus: 1) bulging, 2) protrusion, 3) extrusion, 4) sequestration. The most important symptom of disc herniation is pain. Patients with symptoms undergoing urgent surgical intervention are 2% of the total. The aim of this study is to establish the efficiency of the physical therapy applied to patients after disc herniation surgery. The research covered 89 patients who had undergone lumbar spine surgery – 47 (or 52,8%) women and 42 (or 47,2%) men. The data was processed through basic descriptive statistical parameters: frequencies and percentage. The non-parametric methods that were applied were the χ2 test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The following conclusions can be drawn from the obtained data: disc herniation was most often located in L5-S1 in 47,2% of the cases, then in L4-L5 in 46%, and in L3-L4 in 6,7%; in 51,68% of the cases, the disc herniation was located on the right side, and in 48,3% on the left side; the muscle grade before dorsiflexion surgery was 1 in 2,2% of the patients, 2 in 5,6%, 3 in 10,1%, and 4 in 82,0%; the muscle grade after dorsiflexion surgery was 2 in 1,1% of the respondents, 3 in 6,7%, 4+ in 22,5%, and 5 in 69,7%; the muscle grade before plantarflexion surgery was 2 in 5,6% of the respondents, 3 in 7,9%, and 4- in 86,5%; the muscle grade after plantarflexion surgery was 3 in 3,4% of the respondents, 4 in 14,6%, and 5 in 82,0%.


The effects of different amounts of nitrogen application on grain filling and yield of spring wheat cultivars with different quality types were studied in the field test condition.The results showed that the grain filling process of different quality types of spring wheat cultivars in all N treatments showed "S" shape change.Grain dry matter increased with the plant growing,and the grain dry matter accumulation amount was Xinchun 6Xinchun 27 Y-20.Grain filling rate firstly increased then decreased roughly.But in N2 treatment,Y-20 and Xinchun 6 increased firstly then followed by a slight reduce and a rapid increase,and then decreased at last.Logistic equation fitting of the grain dry matter accumulation showed that the maximum vm and maximum GT for three cultivars occurred under N1 treatment.Wheat grain filling parameters were positively correlated with grain mass,and were significantly and positively correlated with the average filling rate v,the total GT of rapid accumulation period and grain mass.The actual yield of three cultivars reached the maximum under N2 treatment,in an order as Xinchun 6 Xinchun 27 Y-20.


ABSTRACT Cordyceps militaris is widely cultivated as a functional food and traditional medicine in China and Southeast Asia. In this study, C. militaris hybrid strains were isolated from different parts of hybrid fruiting body cultivated through mating-based sexual reproduction of ascospores. We investigated the effect of strains, solid-state substrates and light condition on production of yield and contents of bioactive compounds (cordycepin and adenosine) using HPLC in fruiting bodies. The results indicated that yield and production of bioactive compounds exist distinct differences on strain separated part, solid-substrates and light conditions. The middle strain obtained the highest yield on wheat substrate. The yield was higher on wheat substrate, the concentration of cordycepin and adenosine in fruiting bodies were higher on rice substrate. The red light is beneficial to high yield, and white light is conducive to the accumulation of cordycepin in fruiting bodies, the light condition has little effect on the adenosine content.


In antithesis of significant advances in environmental forecasting the last decades, the modeling of complex coupled processes in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills remains a challenging issue. In this context, a water balance model has been developed by Heimovaara et al. to describe the water flow through the Wieringermeer landfill (Northern Holland) and determine the amount of leachate produced. Despite that, the results yielded by this model provide compelling evidence that it is associated with a high degree of uncertainty. In this computational model, uncertainty is distinguished from the model parameters and estimates. Against this background, the central issue that motivates this research is to devise a simple approach to resolve the uncertainty problem in the water balance model. For this purpose, this study presents a robust Particle Filter Sequential Importance Resampling method with parameter resampling (PFSIR-PR). In this method, the parameters evolve over time and are estimated along with the state variables without the need to obtain observations for all of them. In addition, the problem of parameter impoverishment is overcome by perturbing the parameters based on the kernel smoothing principle. The performance of this approach is evaluated using multiple well-known quantitative measures. The results indicate that the proposed technique can successfully illustrate the intricate landfill dynamics and alleviate model uncertainties. As a consequence, the PFSIR-PR approach has made the water balance model an effective tool for modelling complicated processes in sanitary landfills.


A rapid and sensitive TLC method was developed and validated for the analysis of salbutamol and identification of its related impurities compounds. Spectro-densitometric scanning-integration was performed at an absorbance wave length of 254 nm. To justify the suitability of the proposed method, accuracy, precision and recovery studies were performed at three selected concentrations levels. The recovery data reveals that the RSD for intra-day and inter-day analysis were found to be 4.86 and 1.23%, respectively. A TLC plastic plate precoated with silica gel was used as the stationary phase. The solvent system was acetonitrile : methanol : ammonium hydroxide (10 : 85 : 5 v/v/v) gave a dense and compact spots of salbutamol and related impurities compounds namely: isopropyl salbutamol, desoxy salbutamol base, salbutamol ketone hydrochloride and 5-formyl saligenin salbutamol with a Rf values of 0.1, 0.26, 0.35, 0.54 and 0.75 respectively. The calibration plots exhibited good linear relationship (r = 0.9996) over a concentration range of 5–25 mg/ml. Statical analysis proved that the proposed method is accurate and reproducible. The method is stability indicating and being economical can be employed for the routine analysis of the bulk material of salbutamol and its pharmaceutical tablets formulations.


Abstract A diamond-like carbon thin layer was used as an interlayer between a free-standing diamond substrate grown by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition and a Pt/Au layer. The dark-current of about 5·0 pA cm−2 was found for this detector at an electric field of 200 V cm−1. Ohmic contact was achieved by this diamond-like carbon/Pt/Au trilayer structure as evidenced by a linear dark I-V curve. The ratios of photocurrent to dark-current were about 26 and 35 for diamond detectors with Ti/Pt/Au and diamond-like carbon/Pt/Au trilayer electrodes, respectively. The energy resolution for the diamond detector with diamond-like carbon/Pt/Au electrode was about 3·30%, better than 4·56% for the detector with Ti/Pt/Au electrode.


This paper presents a fragment of own research on the fate and careers of university
graduates. The aim of the study was to diagnose the state of professional
career of these young people and their plans for the future.


Fats and oils, contained in many foods and cosmetics, may easily deteriorate due to oxidative processes, causing both the development of off-flavours and the formation of free radicals, that may lead to various undesired chemical reactions. In order to prevent this process, some special synthetic substances, such as BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and BHA (butylated hydroxyanesole), sodium nitrate and nitrite, sulphites, are added to the products to be preserved, and often to their packaging materials. Lately, synthetic antioxidants have provided a point for criticism, in relation to the possible effects of their use on public health. Therefore, and in the widespread belief that natural products are anyway healthier and safer than synthetic ones, the importance of finding out vegetable compounds able to take effectively the role of conventional antioxidants, and their investigation and economical verification, is greatly increasing. Many medicinal and aromatic plants, especially those belonging to the Labiatae family, are already well known for their preservative properties, both in food and in cosmetic preparations. In many cases, they are species widely spread in spontaneous Mediterranean flora, and their exploitation is one of the few economical possibilities for some marginal lands. This work reviews the major botanical, agronomic and chemical aspects of some aromatic plants, considered to exert antioxidant activities.


This paper introduces the design of a three-degree-of-freedom robotic arm grasping object system based on visual feedback. In this system, an OpenCV open source library is used in image processing to identify the position of the object to be captured on the image. The world coordinate system is established, and the geometric modeling method is used to invert the three-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, so as to solve the angle of each joint at different positions. The least square method is used to convert the image position coordinates of the target object into the robotic gripper coordinates in the world coordinate system. The trajectory planning is carried out according to the current position of the robotic gripper and the position of the target object. At last, the robotic arm is controlled by a microcomputer to realize the function of grabbing objects. The experimental results show that the system has high accuracy in object recognition and can accurately grasp the target object.


The demand of enterprise networking is moving toward IP convergence, Broadband communication and Ubiquitous network rapidly to maximize the workforce efficiency and minimize the total cost of ownership along with the Internet growth. In order to respond to these market needs, we have developed newly architectured IP-PBX NEAX2400IPX system which covers mid-large size enterprise with high grade convergence of voice and data network.


In this short sermon, I will summarize some of the views concerning the programming process to which I have been led by my involvement with the design and use of very high level programming languages, formulating these views as recommendations concerning the intellectual equipment and cast of mind which a creative, high level programmer should attempt to acquire.


One of the most important questions regarding the phenomenon of part-time farming is whether it is a stable situation or just a step in the way out of agriculture. This article provides support for the first possibility in the context of Israeli family farms in the 1970s. A multinomial logit model of work choices is estimated, including estimated transition probabilities among the explanatory variables. The results indicate that a high objective probability of exit from farming within the next decade decreased the tendency to engage in off-farm work, especially in a full-time job, in 1971. Copyright 2000, Oxford University Press.


Bloch equations for the optical and electronic processes in light-harvesting-complexes, important nanostructures in photo-processes, are presented. The theory includes Förster excitation transfer, electron-phonon coupling and arbitrary strong light fields leading to saturation phenomena.


This guide includes databases, periodicals, and newspapers available to the Carrollton Community. A newspaper is a periodical publication containing news, other informative articles and usually advertising. A newspaper is usually printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. The news organizations that publish newspapers are th


This paper introduces a content-context-based method to automatically provide a summarization of lifelog data based on selected concepts of Activities of Daily Living (ADL). The main idea of the proposed method is to create a so-called (1) Daily-Normal Environment Panorama (DNEP) image, and a (2) Daily-Abnormal Environment (DAE) Taxonomy. The former is used to detect events that happen in known environments such as in a house, in an office and on the way from a parking lot to an office. The latter is used to detect events whose concepts can be detected by a pre-defined taxonomy such as in a restaurant, in a church, and on a street. The proposed method is evaluated by using the data and evaluation tool offered by organizers of imageCLEFlifelog2018 subtask Activities of Daily Living understanding (ADLT). The experiments show that the proposed method works better than methods proposed by other participants of the imageCLEFlifelog2018.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing carbohydrate T cell epitope conjugates of formula (I): M(T-B)n (I) wherein M, T, B and n are as defined in claim 1.


The authors consider topological via minimization (TVM) and topological routing (TR) of a two-point nets on two layers. They present a graph coloring technique for via minimization and also use it to derive bounds on the number of vias. The bounds are net intersection dependent. The complexity of coloring procedure is O(n/sup 2/). The coloring procedure shows an abrupt drop in complexity, when intersection density is about 20%. For TR an O(n/sup 4/) algorithm is presented which guarantees at most one via per net. Using the authors' TVM and TR procedures, constraints such as assignment of nets to a particular layer, assignment of via to a particular net, and via density control can be implemented.<<ETX>>


Wudang Taoism,a Taoist branch formed in the years of the Song Dynasty,has always emphasized filial piety and ethics.During the Ming Dynasty,Wudang Taoism established a good relationship with Pure Taoist School and absorbed and developed its Taoist thought of being faithful and filial to become immortal.Since then,Wudang Taoism has not only circulated faith and filial piety thoughts in Taoist scriptures,but also demonstrated them in their buildings and God-worshiping,with a active civilizing effect upon the society.


This paper describes a study on the variation of calibration factor over time for High Dynamic Range (HDR) photography in a single daylit interior scene. Field measurements were conducted in a classroom under stable sky conditions. The luminance of each color of the X-Rite ColorChecker chart measured with a calibrated luminance meter was compared with the luminance value of the corresponding pixels extracted from the HDR image fused with low dynamic range (LDR) photographs of multiple exposures taken using a consumer grade digital single-lens reflex camera fitted with an ultra wide angle lens. The ratio between the luminances obtained from these two methods was computed and defined as the calibration factor. It was found that for each color there was a weak and not significant correlation between the calibration factor and the daylight levels ranging from about 75 to 30,000 lx. Without any significant relationship with the daylight levels, the calibration factors of each color obtained in the measurements were averaged, so that for any daylit scene with a dominant color, the real luminance could be determined by multiplying the average calibration factor of that color to the HDR luminance. The calibration factor of a 'daylit scene' in which all the 24 colors were evenly distributed was also computed, and it was 0.53 with a standard deviation of 0.03. Having more understanding about the feasibility of applying HDR photography technique as a luminance data acquisition system, researchers can have more confidence in its application for the investigation of the relationship between various luminance-based parameters and interior daylighting performance.


Objective—Type VIII collagen is upregulated after vascular injury and in atherosclerosis. However, the role of type VIII collagen endogenously expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and in the context of the vascular matrix microenvironment, which is rich in type I collagen, is not known. To address this, we have compared aortic SMCs from wild-type (WT) mice to SMCs from type VIII collagen-deficient (KO) mice when plated on type I collagen. Methods and Results—Type VIII collagen was upregulated after wounding of WT SMCs. KO SMCs exhibited greater adhesion to type I collagen than WT SMCs (optical density [OD595]=0.458±0.044 versus 0.193±0.071). By contrast, the WT SMCs spread more (389±75% versus 108±14% increase in cell area), migrated further (total distance 80.6±6.2 &mgr;m versus 64.2±4.4 &mgr;m), and exhibited increased [3H]-thymidine uptake (160 000±22 300 versus 63 100±12 100 counts per minute) when compared with KO SMCs. Gelatin zymograms showed that WT SMCs expressed latent matrix metalloproteinase 2, whereas KO SMCs did not. Addition of exogenous type VIII collagen returned levels of KO SMC adhesion (OD595=0.316±0.038), migration (79.5±5.8 &mgr;m), and latent matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression to levels comparable to WT SMCs. Conclusions—This study suggests that SMCs can modify the matrix microenvironment by producing type VIII collagen, using it to overlay type I collagen, and generating a substrate favorable for migration.


In this article,the measurement method of hydrocarbon especial ethyne concentration in air separation by using the GM600FID gas chromatogram are introduced.


In the second half of the seventeenth century, Barbados was the richest, most populous, and economically most productive colony in the Anglo-Atlantic world. Its planters were the first to embrace a slave plantation system, providing a model that English settlers copied elsewhere in the Caribbean and North America. Successful Barbadian planters displayed their wealth to all through their clothes, lavish entertainments, and fine mansions. The island was among the closest to England and Africa in terms of maritime distances: it was the first port of call for many western-bound English vessels, as well as for the rising tide of English slavers operating on the West African coast. Virginia and Massachusetts are the darlings of many colonial historians, but Barbados was the single most dynamic, trend-setting colony in the half-century before 1700. Considering the vanity, rampant materialism, and brutal slave-based labor regime that characterized seventeenth-century Barbados, one would not expect George Fox's radical Quaker faith to flourish there. And yet Barbados was home to the largest Quaker population in the Americas prior to Pennsylvania's founding. Larry Gragg has followed up his recent general history of early Barbados with a slim but meticulously researched investigation of Barbadian Quakers that is both a community study of island Friends and a recovery of their transatlantic and intercolonial networks and connections. As he charts the rise and decline of Quakers in Barbados from the 1650s through the early eighteenth century, Gragg profiles who became "convinced" and how Quakers dealt with slavery, the ultimate source of the island's prosperity. He argues that Barbadian Quakers formed a counterculture that aggressively challenged the island's dominant planter class, directly and through their example of leading lives of peace, simplicity, and equality within a rigidly hierarchical society.1 Gragg starts with an appraisal of the turbulent times in England from which George Fox and his Society of Friends emerged. Fox grew up in a comfortable "middling" Midlands household and wanted for little until, at


This paper reports zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data of major and trace elements for the andesites of Jienu Group from the Daru Tso area in the northern Lhasa block. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon analyses suggest that the andesite were formed at 163.3±1.7Ma, and that the volcanic rocks were formed in early Late Jurassic period. Geochemical studies show Daru Tso andesites have typical geochemical characteristics similar to the high-Mg andesite(HMA). They are characterized by high Mg O content, Mg#values,and low TFe O/Mg O ratios. They are enriched in LREE in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns with negative Eu anomalies, and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) and depleted in high field strength elements(HFSEs). Zircon eHf(t) values are from-8.5 to-6.7. Geochemical features of the Daru Tso high-Mg andesites are considered to have been generated by the subduction of Bangong Co-Nujiang River oceanic lithosphere, and can be genetically regarded as resulting from partial melting of subduction sediment melts that had been metasomatized by mantle peridotite under the condition of oceanic crust subduction. They were formed at the tectonic setting of the active continental margin(Andeans-type) associated with Bangong Co-Nujiang River oceanic crust subduction. It is therefore held that the Late Jurassic Jienu Group volcanic rocks in the Daru Tso area are the products of subduc-tion of the Bangong Co-Nujiang River oceanic lithosphere. These results provide direct evidence of the volcanic rocks for the subduction of the Bangong Co-Nujiang River Tethys Ocean.


SUMMARY Growth and development of young mammals have been investigated in relation to environmental temperature and energy intake. The experimental design and statistical analysis have allowed an evaluation of the separate and combined effects of two environmental variables and the time it takes for these effects to develop. Piglets aged 14 days lived at either 35 or 10 °C, on a high or low energy intake (the energy content of the former was twice that of the latter). The influence of each of the four treatment combinations was assessed up to 64 days of age. At 64 days of age the piglets at 35 °C on the high intake (35H) were twice as heavy as those at 10 °C on the low intake (10L). The other two groups (35L and 10H) had similar body weights, and these were between the 35H and 10L. Ambient temperature had a rapid influence on appearance and morphology: animals in the cold were shorter and squatter than those in the warm. In general, energy intake influenced the absolute size of the internal organs whereas temperature affected their size relative to body weight. Skeletal growth was faster in the warm than the cold, and on the high than the low intake. No statistically significant interactions were generally found between temperature and intake, indicating that their effects were exerted independently. Most of the effects were established after only 17 days. The present investigation has helped in interpreting earlier studies on growth which concentrated on the effects of only one of the two environmental variables of temperature and nutrition. It emphasizes the key roles of nutrition in adaptation to environmental temperature, and of ambient temperature to nutritional studies.


A review of diagnostic-related training for operators and maintainers in the nuclear industry was performed. The work, funded by the Electric Power Research Institute, consisted of site visits to utility and training vendor facilities. Structured interviews and opinionnaires addressed the areas of training program structure, training implications of post-TMI requirements, knowledge and skills requirements for diagnostic performance, diagnostic training techniques, and implicit and explicit diagnostic training objectives.


From the 18th century to the 60's of the 20th century,freedom and equality have been predominating the tendency of feminism activities.It has concerned women's individual right,political and religious freedom,and rights to choose life,to pursue happiness and to make self-decision."Madame Bovary"'embodies in a sense advancement of feminism at the day,but simultaneously promulgates the woman heroine could not escape the tragedy foreordination of degeneration in a society predominated by patriarchy.


There has been little systematic investigation of the neuropsychological status of nonincarcerated juvenile delinquents, despite the belief of clinicians in the field that these youths are often impaired. In this study, two groups of 25 adjudicated, nonincarcerated delinquent boys were studied. They were tested for physical, psychiatric, intellectual, academic, perceptual, and motor functioning. Results indicated that many of the youths were neuropsychologically impaired showing significant deficits in one or more areas tested. Learning disabilities, personality disorders, and conduct disorders were very common. No relationship between neuropsychological impairment and family background or social performance was found. Implications of these findings for understanding and treating delinquents are discussed.


Article published on Lexxion State Aid Blog. Part II: Non-commercial activities and absolute impossibility to recover incompatible aid* Commission Decision 2013/284 on municipal real estate tax…


The complete amino acid sequence of the variable (V) region of the p heavy chain of a human IgM immunoglobulin (Cam) has been determined. The strategy for sequence determination involved sequenator analysis of the CNBr cleavage products of the succinylated carboxymethylated Fabjs fragment, and of tryptic peptides of the CNBr polypeptides and thermolytic subpeptides. The variable region of this heavy chain (VH) belongs to the VM11 subgroup; it has geater than 70% homology with other VHIII sequences and contains the VHI marker peptide, Phe-Thr-Ile-Ser-Arg (residues 67-71). As more sequences have been published, the number of subgroup-specific residues has diminished to the point that no position is absolutely subgroup specific. An analysis of the available human VH sequences in the V/C switch region showed the likelihood of a human JH segment (residues 101-113) analogous to the J segments in mouse light chains. The JH region is highly conserved, has striking homology to proposed mouse JH regions, and has significant homology to kown mouse Jx and J, segments. Since the report of the complete amino acid sequence of a human light chain published in 1966 (1), the sequence data on immunoglobulins have grown so great that the results can only be referenced through computer-generated atlases (2, 3). This vast reservoir of data-exceeding 10,000 residues for human myeloma proteins alone-has been invaluable in generating testable theories of antibody diversity and in correlating primary structure with three-dimensional conformation and biological function (4-6). Recently a precise relationship has been established between amino acid sequence segments such as the V (variable), C (constant), and J (joining or juncture) regions in mouse light chains and the coding sequences (exons) in the embryonic and mature immunoglobulin DNA for mouse light chains (7-11). The V and J exons are brought together by somatic recombination during the lymphocyte differentiation process, and the intervening sequence (intron) separating the J and C exons is excised during processing of the RNA transcript to make mRNA. The germline genes for both K and X mouse light chains are divided into three segments called V (residues 1 to 98 or 99), J (residues 99 or 100 to 112), and C (residues 113 to 219). For both K and X the number of germline V region genes is believed to be large, and a series of five JK gene segments has been identified (10, 11). It has been proposed that the joining of different combinations of V and J segments at the DNA level may generate antibody diversity (10, 11). A similar relationship exists for the series of DNA exons coding for the heavy chain constant region (12, 13). Separate exons encode precisely for each of the protein structural domains in the heavy chain (CHi, CH2, CH3) and also for the short hinge region. As with light chains, these structural elements of The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 3239 heavy chains were first identified by amino acid sequence analysis, and they are present in all classes of heavy chains (4). However, unlike light chains, heavy chains of different classes may share the same V region sequences (14); this is probably the basis of the switch from IgM to IgG during the shift from the primary to the secondary phase of antibody production. We had previously identified the point of division between the V and C regions of an immunoglobulin chain as the V/C switch region and noted that it was a region of sequence rather than a precise point (4, 15). In most human heavy chains, regardless of class, this sequence is composed of 13 amino acids and is -X-X-Trp-Gly-Gln-Gly-Thr-X-Val-Thr-Val-Ser-Ser-; in this, X represents positions where substitutions occur most frequently, though they may also occur in other positions. The degree to which this sequence is conserved contrasts sharply with the hypervariability in the segment just preceding it; that segment has been called the hypervariable deletion region (4, 15) and more recently the third complementarity-determining region (CDR-3) (3) because it is known to be in the antibody combining site (5, 6). Because of technical difficulties it has not yet been possible to clone by recombinant DNA techniques the entire sequence for a heavy chain. Hence, the presence of a presumptive VH exon and of a short JH DNA segment that joins the V and C regions can only be inferred from amino acid sequence data (16). In this report we present an amino acid sequence for the entire VH region of the yi heavy chain of a human IgM protein; by comparison of this to other human VH sequences determined by our laboratory (15, 17-19) and by others (20) we predict that heavy chains have a JH joining segment of about 13 amino acids that is present in multiple forms in human embryonic DNA and that is equivalent to the previously designated V/C switch region. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma containing about 4 g/100 ml of IgM from a patient with macroglobulinemia (Cam) was provided by Robert Ritchie, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME. In general, the reagents and methods used for purification and characterization of the IgM and for its structural study were the same as those described by Florent et al. (15,21). The IgM was isolated by a procedure combining euglobulin precipitation and gel filtration. The purification was monitored by immunodiffusion, using specific antisera for various human plasma proteins. A 1% solution of Abbreviations: J, joining region; CDR-3, third complementarity-determining region; HCD, heavy chain disease. Abbreviations for classes, fragments, regions, and domains of immunoglobulins accord with official World Health Organization recommendations for human immunoglobulins published in ref. 32. * Present address: Eleanor Roosevelt Institute for Cancer Research, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO 80220. t To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 3240 Biochemistry: Lehman and Putnam the purified Cam IgM contained no detectable IgG, IgA, albumin, transferrin, or a2-macroglobulin. The light chain of the Cam IgM was of the K type. Limited tryptic cleavage of the undenatured IgM at 60'C produced Fab~t and FcM fragments, which were separated as described by Florent et al. (15, 21). The FabM fragment consists of the VH region and the C.1 region of the ,i heavy chain disulfide-bonded to the light chain. The FabM was succinylated and then cleaved by CNBr, and the fragments were separated by gel filtration (15). One fragment contained all the disulfide bonds; these were reduced and carboxymethylated, and the resulting peptides were purified on Sephadex G-200 and characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The purified, succinylated, carboxymethylated CNBr fragments were digested with trypsin. The tryptic peptides were purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 or G-75. Some tryptic peptides were submitted to digestion with thermolysin, and the thermolysin peptides were purified by paper electrophoresis. The strategy is summarized in Fig. 1. The methods for amino acid and carbohydrate analysis, for amino endgroup determination, and for sequence determination of the peptides with the Beckman model 890B sequencer have been described (15, 17-19, 22). The amino terminus of the As chain was blocked owing to the presence of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, but was unblocked by removal of this cyclization product of glutamine by use of pyrrolidone-carboxylyl peptidase, an enzyme provided by R. F. Doolittle of the Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA.


This research is a module of the project "Modernization of tariffed local rotary parking System", it has the finality to give to Decentralized Self-Government from Loja City and SIMERT an application for mobile devices based in Android operating system called SOFTCOV as a support in the process of parking and issue citations of this system. Moreover for offering as an initial base for control the Operational staff through the geolocation of each member of this group.
The methodology include methods of investigation like, inductive, deductive and techniques like: polls, interviews and direct observation that allow: the picking of information about the process which has been object of study. This work comprehends the methodology of Iconix development that has guided the building of the application the utilization of standards like IEEE 830 for determination of requirements and Android Design for patterns of interfaces.
The application has been developed with the Programming Language Java with SDK Android in the development environment Eclipse, for the features that the account has it has incorporated the libraries actionbarsherlock, google play services, zxing, which the application allows: record of parking cars of different types of users, infringement record, control of parking time, geolocation of supervisor (user), capture of code card, infringement notice through scanning of a code of quickly reply, capture and searching of a photo considered as evidence and synchronization of infringement.
In order to code of the SOFTCOV application: it has used unit test using JUnit, also for testing the compatibility with some of the existing device in the fairing, it has used tools on line AppThwack and TestDroid, it has applied test of efficiency with the assistance of Perfecto Mobile tool, and finally, it has realized validation test for detecting the degree of acceptance by the users of the application and checking if the application satisfy with requirements established at the beginning.


There is substantial evidence that children and youth are exposed to and recall alcohol advertising, and increasing evidence of associations between liking alcohol advertisements and under-age drinking. Alcohol advertising in Australia, as in many industrialized countries, is subject to a self-regulatory code developed and administered by the alcohol industry. The purpose of the current study was to investigate young people's perceptions of the messages in recent alcohol advertisements and whether these perceptions support the industry view that self-regulation is effective in protecting young people from inappropriate messages about alcohol. Six print and six television advertisements were selected for the study, and 287 respondents aged 15–24 years viewed two alcohol advertisements (one print and one television) and completed a questionnaire immediately after viewing each advertisement. The respondents perceived messages in the advertisements regarding several social benefits of consuming alcohol, including that the advertised product would make them more sociable and outgoing, help them have a great time, help them fit in, help them feel more confident, help them feel less nervous, and help them succeed with the opposite sex. All of these messages transgress the terms of the self-regulatory code for alcohol advertising. There was also a strong association between emotional responses to the advertisements and stated intentions to try the advertised products.


Abstract The question of whether long-range deterministic predictions of the atmosphere are possible is examined directly in terms of growth of initial errors. Simple physical models are considered in which a unit mass moves at constant and variable speeds. It is concluded that the distant-future location of the mass is unpredictable in both cases. Estimated growth rates of temperature errors associated with a simple periodic model of the atmosphere are found to be appreciable. To generalize these results, it is suggested that deterministic predictions of meteorological variables are not feasible at long range, if only because of the growth of inevitable initial errors with time.


An advantageous aspect of telemedicine is that it can create virtual environments for collaboration between patient, physicians, and medical staff. Here, the authors present a multimodal interactive environment for EEG/MEG data presentation based on a virtual reality user interface (VRUI). In addition, to visualization, the VRUI uses sonification. The proposed approach requires only a standard Web browser. The multi modal viewer presents 3D EEG topographic maps using a VRML head model, animated with Java applets. Animation of the 3D models gives an insight into spatio-temporal patterns of activity. The authors have applied sonification to emphasize the temporal dimension of selected visualized scores.


168Human rights — Torture, inhuman and degrading treatment — Ill-treatment of complainant's daughter — Whether amounting to "psychological torture" of complainant — Proof of torture — Arrest and detention — Right of detainee to humane treatment — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 International tribunals — Competence — Procedure — United Nations Human Rights Committee — Optional Protocol to International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights — Admissibility of communication — Whether alleged victim subject to jurisdiction of State Party — Exhaustion of domestic remedies — Absence of effective remedies — Whether allegations to be treated as substantiated in the absence of evidence to contrary from State Party Diplomatic relations — Embassy premises — Asylum — Arrest of asylum-seeker in grounds of embassy


Complete acromioclavicular separation in 48 patients was treated by operation, using Kirschner wire for fixation in 20 cases and the A--O cortical screw in 17. Late resection of the distal end of the clavicle was performed in 11 cases. Follow-up examination was performed on average two years after the operation. Attention was paid to subjective symptoms, the objective state, duration of incapacity, radiological evidence of dislocation without stress and under stress, osteoarthrosis and soft-tissue calcification. Pain, function and mobility were evaluated by a point system. In the groups primarily treated by surgery the result was at least good in 73%, fair in 16% and poor in 11%. Excellent results were noticed more often in patients under 30 years old than in those over 45 (p less than 0.01). Mobility of the shoulder joint was significantly more often normal when Kirschner wire was used for fixation than after screw fixation (p less than 0.05). Late resection gave at least a fair functional result.


It is quite probable that Apuleius' knowledge of the names of the lovers of Latin poets stems from his private readings as well as from his scholar education.


Ireland is highly dependent on tourism as an employment and revenue generator. Recent trends, however, suggest that visitors from France, one of Ireland's key source markets, may have peaked. Tourism images are critical to the success of any destination, particularly because of how they affect the level of satisfaction with the tourist experience. Ireland is frequently acknowledged as a successfully branded and marketed tourism destination. Nonetheless, few image studies to date have focused specifically on Ireland, and none has analyzed the image of Ireland as a tourism destination in France. The aim of this study, therefore, was to redress this knowledge deficit. A questionnaire was used to examine the importance of certain destination attributes for French tourists and to determine how French visitors rate Ireland's performance with respect to these attributes pre- and postvisitation. This information was subsequently incorporated into an importance-performance analysis grid.


The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of practicing different sports on ankle joint mobility (AJM) in young subjects. In 344 players of 5 different sports (soccer, classical ballet, gymnastics, volleyball and basketball), mean age 12.0 ± 2.4 years, sex (male/female: 237/107), BMI 19.0 ± 2.8 (Kg/m 2 ), AJM was evaluated by using an inclinometer while the trunk flexibility was evaluated by the Sit and Reach test. Compared to all other groups, soccer players showed a significant reduction of AJM (p < .005) that is already present in younger subjects and that tends to worsen with aging (p < .04). On the contrary, the young dancers of classic ballet showed a significant increase in the AJM (p < .002). Basketball, volleyball and gymnastics groups showed a similar AJM. The higher AJM showed by females compared to males (128.5 ± 21.0° vs 144.6 ± 18.5°; p < .001) was not significant when the group of soccer players and dancers were excluded from the calculation. All groups investigated did not show a different mobility between the two ankles or the dominant and non-dominant limb. The age of the subjects investigated was not correlated with AJM. The group of gymnasts showed a significant increase in trunk flexibility (p < .001) compared to all other groups. Sport practice can significantly modify AJM both by increasing and reducing it. Such process should be timely assessed in order to prevent these alterations along with the related possible negative effects in the short and long term.


ABSTRACT This study evaluated the perception of consumers on the culinary, social, and health attributes of pepper soup. A structured questionnaire was used to identified reasons for taking pepper soup, the preferred type of pepper soup, social environment for the consumption of pepper soup, beverage accompaniment preferred with pepper soup, and types of food preferred as accompaniment with pepper soup. It also evaluated the perception about the claimed health benefits of the constituents of pepper soup. The survey indicated that pepper soup was mostly a weekly and occasional diet taken by respondents for enjoyment (68.3%) and relaxation (55.8%). About 90.2, 85.9, 90.2, and 92% of the respondents preferred catfish, goat meat, chicken, and cow tail, respectively, as the flesh components in their pepper soup. The preferred color, texture, and flavor was either light or dark brown, viscous or light, and peppery and spicy. Hot and warm pepper soup was preferred by 97% and 65.8% of the respondents, respectively. The respondents (66.3 and 79%) preferred to take their pepper soup with beer and wine, while 75.9 and 90.7% of respondents that have preference for non-alcoholic beverage as accompaniment preferred carbonated beverages and juices or mineral water, respectively. The majority of respondents (60.5 ± 8.52%) disagreed significantly (p > 0.05) that pepper soup possessed most of the health benefits associated with herbs, spices, and other constituents of pepper soup, implying that pepper soup may not be consumed for its perceived medicinal value.


This paper describes the experiences of introducing ISO 9000 into Taiwan's higher education systems. Based on an empirical investigation and a case study, the authors argue that the implementation of ISO 9000 quality systems has a positive impact on the education quality. The benefits of ISO 9000 certification are further depicted for those interested in complying with the Standard. We also justify the current progress of the ISO 9000 implementation in Taiwan with recommendations for improvement.


Nonstoichiometric NixCo3−xO4−y 3D nanocages are fabricated through metal–organic framework template route and their electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) characteristics have been investigated. Substitution of Ni in Co3O4 spinel structure improves the intrinsic catalytic activity. Enhanced OER activity stems from the presence of nonstoichiometry and low coordination metal sites, which lower the OH− adsorption energy and improve the conductivity of the catalysts. OER activity is tuned by varying Ni to Co ratio and the best activity is observed for NiCo‐1, having Ni/Co = 1. This is reflected in a lower overpotential (η) of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a lowest Tafel slope of 53 mV dec−1. The turnover frequency value (1.37 × 10−2 s−1) and lower apparent activation energy (35.5 ± 3 kJ mol−1) at η = 350 mV further support the superior intrinsic activity of NiCo‐1. The synergetic effect of porosity, nonstoichiometry, and rich redox centers results in enhancement of the OER activity of NixCo3−xO4−y 3D nanocage. Present work provides a simple strategy to design a low‐cost and efficient electrocatalyst which can be combined with photoelectrode to realize superior solar to hydrogen conversion devices.


The thesis learned the current situation of establishing emergency mechanism,analysed remaining problems in emergency management,and put forward the countermeasures to constantly improve primary and secondary school emergency mechanism of Langfang.


The FATODE, which is extracted from the KPP numerical libraray, is a Fortran programming library for the integration of stiff ODE systems. It incorporates a set of generic linear solvers suitable for large sparse systems. And the set allows users to add their own implementation conveniently. FATODE contains three families of methods - fully implicit Runge-Kutta methods, SDIRK methods and Rosenbrock methods. For each family, forward, adjoint and tangent linear models are implemented, which enables FATODE for direct and adjoint sensitivity analysis. In this paper, we describe the implementation aspects of FATODE, code organization and usage aspects. Then we demonstrate a simple example of its application on a small chemical mechanism for both ODE integration and sensitivity analysis.


Summary Parasitic diseases caused by helminthes lead to significant health hazards to animals resulting in enormous economic impact. While a number of anthelmintics are currently available, all are encountering resistance and ones with a mode of action are needed. We report herein In vitro anthelmintic activities of crude aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the root of Coccinia Indica Wigh & Arn., (Cucurbitaceae) were investigated on the earthworms-Eudrillus Eugeniae , roundworms - Ascaris Lumbricoids and tapeworms-Taenia Solium . The alcoholic extract showed better in vitro activity against the parasites than the standard (Albendazole) in the concentration ranging from 25 to 100 mg/ml. The present study reveals that the alcoholic extract showed significant in vitro anthelmintic activity than the aqueous extract.


The abilities of liquid chromatography-particle beam/hollow cathode-optical emission spectrometry (LC-PB/HC-OES) and liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (LC-ICP-OES) techniques are demonstrated for the quantitative determination of free iron and bound iron in metalloproteins. Separations were performed in the size exclusion and reversed-phase chromatographic modes. Myoglobin, holo-transferrin and iron(II) chloride were separated by size exclusion chromatography and the eluent species were detected by both PB/HC-OES and ICP-OES through the Fe I 259.9 nm and S I 180.7 nm optical emission. Sulfur optical emission was monitored as means of protein identification through the Fe/S empirical formula differences, with the absence of S emission used to identify the "free" Fe. Both techniques demonstrated detection limits for triplicate injections on the nanogram level for iron (0.9 ng mL−1 ICP-OES and 41.9 ng mL−1 PB/HC-OES) over the concentration range of 0.1 ng mL−1–100 μg mL−1 for iron and iron metalloproteins. The corresponding values for sulfur in the proteins were more similar for the two techniques, being of the order of 20 ng mL−1. The SEC retention times and peak shapes of the three analyte peaks for both techniques are similar to those determined by UV absorbance at 220 nm (Fe-containing metalloproteins) and conductivity (inorganic iron), demonstrating the ability of both techniques to preserve the integrity of the separation. While the LODs in "bulk" sampling were lower with ICP-OES, the signal-to-noise values were comparable for both techniques when sampling chromatographic eluents in real-time. In addition, a reversed-phase separation of the same analyte mixture was carried out with Fe I 259.9 nm and S I 180.7 nm optical emission detection by the PB/HC-OES, demonstrating the compatibility of the PB/HC-OES with a wide range of solvent polarities, its ability to detect non-metals and act as a protein specific detector for liquid chromatography of proteins.


Significance
 As his Movimiento al Socialismo (Movement towards Socialism, MAS) leading in opinion polls, Morales will play an important role in the campaign anyway. Politics will become polarised and fractious in the coming weeks as his opponents seek to prevent a MAS victory.

 Impacts
 In the event of a close race, international observers will play an important role in validating the result.
 If the MAS is poised to win, further interruption of the democratic process cannot be ruled out.
 The election will further polarise regional divisions.
 The economic predicament facing Bolivia means that whoever wins will inherit a difficult situation.


We consider an investor in a financial market consisting of a riskless bond and several risky assets. The price processes of the risky assets are geometric Brownian motions where either the drifts are modeled as random variables assuming a constant volatility matrix or the volatility matrix is considered random and drifts are assumed to be constant. The investor is only able to observe the asset prices but not all the model parameters and hence information is only partial. A Bayesian approach is used with known prior distributions for the random model parameters. We assume that the investor can only trade at discrete-time points which are multiples of $h>0$ and investigate the loss in expected utility of terminal wealth which is due to the fact that the investor cannot trade and observe continuously. It turns out that in general a discretization gap appears, i.e., for $h\to 0$ the expected utility of the h-investor does not converge to the expected utility of the continuous investor. This is in contrast to results under full information in [L.C.G. Rogers, Finance Stoch., 5(2001), pp. 131–154]. We also present simple asymptotically optimal portfolio strategies for the discrete-time problem. Our results are illustrated by some numerical examples.


Congenital preauricular sinus is a malformation of the preauricular soft tissues with an incidence ranging between 0.1 and 0.9% in Europe and the United States. It presents a high risk of recurrence when treated by a standard surgical technique (simple sinectomy); the incidence of which is reported to be between 19% and 40%. The supra-auricular approach, proposed by Prasad et al. in 1990, is easier to perform and presents a lower recurrence risk. Personal experience was presented in the treatment of congenital preauricular sinus with the supra-auricular approach as first choice or in the case of primary as well as recurrence following previous standard surgery. This report justifies the use of supra-auricular approach as a very simple and effective procedure for the treatment of primary as well as recurrent preauricular sinus.


Nucleation and growth of iron clusters inside of nanosized pores of porous polyethylene membrane was investigated. Iron clusters was electrodeposited from 0.1 M FeCl 2 at pH=2.0, constant temperature and constant applied potential. Variations of current density vs time durring deposition were recorded. Using Scharifker and Hills theory and normalized equation, experimental data were compared with theoretical curves. Progressive-type nucleation mechanism was found for deposition of iron in domain 850-990 mV of applied potential. A possible alteration of nucleation mechanism was detected at low applied potentials. Control of nucleation mechanism can be used in order to obtain desired nanostructures.


R Aldous Huxley has recently published yet another book. 1 It is not a very good book; nor is it a very attracM tive book; but it is, alas, in its way an important book. Its importance consists in this: that anyone who may feel an inclination to enjoy, here and now, what Christians call the Beatific Vision or the experience which the Zen Buddhists call satori, has merely to buy himself three-pennyworth of mescalin at the nearest chemist's, and behold, the ineffable vision is his. Whether or not the drug is available in this country in commercial quantities, I am afraid I have been too idle to find out. However, there it is for any who may care to make the experiment-heaven in a capsule. It may be surprising to learn that Mr Huley, who has for so long written in a tone of such great authority on mysticism and the mystical experience, confesses that before he achieved 'liberation' though mescah, he had not actually had a mystical experience of any kind himself. 'For', says he, 'until this morning I had known contemplation only in its humble, its more ordinary forms-as discursive thinking; as a rapt absorption in poetry or ainting or


Summary
Phosphate extracted by ion-exchange resins in the chloride and sodium forms from a deep river-gravel soil under widely varying conditions is always from the isotopically exchangeable or'labile' pool. At any reaction time, a constant fraction of this pool is desorbed by the chloride form of the anion-exchange resin alone, irrespective of the pH and phosphate manuring of the soil. If, however, a sodium: cation exchange resin is included, increasing fractions of the'labile pool' are desorbed with decreasing soil acidity.

Phosphate desorption by the anion-exchange resin alone and with the cation exchange resin is shown to be'particle-diffusion' controlled in the anion exchange resin and neither a'chemical reaction' nor a'film-diffusion' mechanism. Over the pH range 4·5–8·5, values between 4·8 and 0·9 × 10-9 cm2 sec-1 were calculated for the interdiffusion coefficient of the phosphate: chloride exchange process in the resin.

The isotopically exchangeable phosphate in the soils seems to behave like sparingly soluble or weakly dissociating compounds towards ion-exchange resins and its rate of desorption depends on the nature and composition of the resins.


The effective depth will be based upon the limiting span to depth ratios given in BS EN 1996-1-1, the coordinating dimensions of brickwork coursing and if critical the shear strength of the beam section. In order to suit the supporting piers width make beam width, b = 440 mm. Use bricks as soldier courses for aesthetic reasons and so that brickwork in compression is loaded normal to its bed face. Which is compatible with their test procedure and the declared compressive strength of the brick masonry units. (It should be noted that if brickwork is laid horizontally such that it is loaded in compression across its stretcher face, fk and fd must be determined in relation to the actual direction of structural loading). Trial section is as shown in diagram. As arrangement of section and concrete infilling will allow shear links to be used shear is unlikely to control the effective depth, d. Overall beam depth = 553mm Assume Exposure situation MX3 with C35/45 infilling concrete to inner void and actual cover provided to reinforcement is 20mm minimum As Table NA.9 of the UK National Annex requires a minimum cover of 30mm for this exposure situation austenitic stainless steel reinforcing bars and shear links will be used throughout. 20mm minimum cover required to achieve bond and practical cover requirements. Effective depth, d = (553-103-20-8-10) = 412mm (d = 410mm)


In order to study the impact of nanoZnO on the mechanical properties of PLA, nanoZnO modified with different surface treatment agents (titanium ester NDZ-201,silane coupling agent KH550 ) was added to PLA matrix. The samples were examined by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, mechanical properties and SEM. The results show that infrared spectra of nanoZnO modified with different treatment agents include two peaks at 2852cm-1 and 2925 cm-1, which are corresponding to C-H stretching vibration, peak at 1735cm-1 which is corresponding to NH2, and peak at 964cm-1 which is corresponding to P-O-Ti.when the addition of nanoZnO reaches to 1wt.%, the tensile strength of PLA/ZnO nanocomposites have the maximum values of 47.43MPa, increase to 9.64% by pure nanoZnO. The mechanical properties of PLA/ZnO nanocomposites can be improved modified with different treatment agents, and the dispersion of nanoZnO has been significantly improved.


Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have gained i ncreasing attention because of there remarkable properties and application potential. Th erefore chemists are aiming for suitable organic materials for optoelectronic applications. Prominent materials are semiconducting polymers e.g. polyfluorenes. A major problem hereby is the colour purity of the blueemitting polyfluorene-type materials caused by degr adation processes during device operation. Besides the well-characterized keto defe cts in degraded polyfluorenes which emit at a peak maximum of approximately 530-550 nm, we i nv stigated an additional emission feature localized at 485/515 nm. This particular gr een emission feature was attributed to alkylidenefluorene defect structures. This proposal is supported with the synthesis of model copolymers and their optical characterization as de scribed in chapter 2. One focus of material chemists is to design materia ls with increase of performance in optoelectronic devices. There has been much interes t in the application of cyclometalated complexes as emitting components in such devices. T he metal complexes may allow for the efficient utilization of both singlet and triplet e xcitons generated upon electronic operation. Consequently, internal quantum efficiencies approac hing 100% may be achieved. Tuning of the emission colour by manipulating the ligand sphe re of the metal atom is also a very attractive goal. Up to the present, there are still re atively few examples of electrophosphorescent (co)polymers as single–compon ent OLED materials. These examples include semiconducting polyfluorenes with side-chai n or main-chain iridium complexes, ladder poly( para-phenylene)s with electrophosphorescent palladium c enters, self-assembled Schiff base polymers and platinum-based side chain copolymers. Transition metal (Co, Ni, Zn) Schiff base polymers have been prepared by oxid ative polymerisation, transesterification and condensation of salen-type monomers but they ha ve not been applied in OLEDs. An often observed disadvantage of blend-based devic es is a phase separation of polymer and phosphorescent dye. One strategy to inhibit this ph ase separation is to incorporate the electrophosphorescent dye into the polymer backbone . Th approach presented in chapter 3 describes the covalent incorporation of phosphors i nto the backbone of a solutionprocessable semiconducting copolymer. The synthesis of platinum(II) salen complexes and the corresponding polyfluorene-based copolymers is reported in this chapter. OLEDs were subsequently fabricated and showed promi sing efficiencies and also demonstrated the potential of this stratagem. Furth er optimization of the copolymer structure includes modification of the ligand spher e as well as a variation of the backbone e.g. incorporation of suitable comonomers such as b enzophenone which should allow for a more efficient and directed energy transfer between the backbone polymer and the chromophore. Another remaining task is to improve the lifetime a nd the efficiency of these materials during their application in OLEDs. The synthesis an d characterization of new matrix polymers for triplet emitters is presented in chapt er 3.3. The incorporation of benzophenone units into the main chain of polyfluor enes resulted in an improved lifetime for operating OLEDs. Further investigations include th variation of the benzophenone content and the incorporation of phosphorescent met al complexes into the main chain of such copolymers.


The origins of the scientific method, epitomized by Sir Francis Bacon's work in the early 1600s, amount to insistence on direct evidence. This is reflected in the motto of The Royal Society, founded in 1660: Nullius in verba, which roughly means "take nobody's word for it."1 Fellows of the Royal Society did not consider a claim to be scientifically established unless it had been demonstrated experimentally in front of a group of observers (other fellows), who could see with their own eyes what happened.2 Over time, Robert Boyle and others developed conventions for documenting experiments in sufficient detail, using prose and illustrations of the apparatus and experimental set up, that the reader could imagine being in the room, observing the experiment and its outcome.


This article elucidates great importance and urgency of the development of heavy haul in Chinese railways and analyses the preliminary conditions for the realization of heavy haul traffic. Proceeding from national conditions, it inquires into the different ways to organize heavy haul models. It also sums up the process of the development of heavy haul and the obtained economic benefits. Linking with the transportation of coal from trunk lines of North China, it proposes the tentative idea for realizing heavy haul programme. Because it is just beginning to operate heavy haul trains in Chinese railways, it is inevitable to face some difficulties. This article also proposes initial ideas on the methods related to hard equipments, software management and other means needs to tackle the rail difficulties.


The mutual coupling among various components of the collocated crossdipole (CCD) vector-sensor is severe, and its application is greatly limited. The spatial spread dipole (SSD) vector-sensor can avoid this problem, but the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm for the SSD array is rarely developed. In view of this situation, this paper proposed a MUSIC-like algorithm for the SSD array. The biquaternion model was first established, and the biquaternion MUSIC (BQ-MUSIC) algorithm was developed on the basis of this model, for the two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (2D-DOA) estimation. Our proposed algorithm requires low computational complexity by adopting the dimensionality reduction method. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Major depression is one of the most relevant risk factors for suicide, but there are few data explaining why some depressive patients have suicidality and others do not in Japan, while the previous systematic review suggests the relevance of male gender, past suicidality, severe depression and substance misuse and so on. We carried out a preliminary investigation of the clinical factors in patients with major depression with and without suicidal ideation, using the data of the SUN☺D trial (a multi-center randomized controlled clinical trial). A total of 2011 patients participated and the main findings are published elsewhere. Institutional review boards at each participating site approved the study. All participants provided written informed consent. The presence of suicidal ideation was evaluated using the suicidal ideation item of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at baseline. Items are rated on the following scale: 0, not at all; 1, several days; 2, more than half of the days; and 3, nearly every day; during the previous 2 weeks. In this study, the presence of severe suicidal ideation was defined as a score of 3. We examined patient demographic and clinical factors at baseline (age, gender, education, job status, marital status, age at onset of first episode, number of previous depressive episodes, length of current episode, severity of depression evaluated on total score of the PHQ-9 without suicidal ideation item, and inpatient status). A total of 1204 subjects (60%) had any degree of suicidal ideation (several days, 42%; more than half of the days, 13%; nearly every day, 5%). On stepwise logistic regression analysis, younger age at onset of first episode of major depressive disorders (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.96–0.99; P = 0.01), severity of depression (OR, 1.32; 95%CI: 1.23–1.42; P < 0.01) and inpatient status (OR, 9.33; 95%CI: 1.40–62.35; P = 0.02) were significantly associated with severe suicidal ideation, while causality between these factors was not clear. The finding that severity of depression and inpatient status are useful indicators is reasonable. This study has first demonstrated the possible association between younger age at onset at first episode of major depressive disorders and suicidal ideation. While there is a limitation regarding the discrepancy between suicidal acts and suicidal ideation examined, the present findings suggest that suicidal ideation in patients with major depression is common, and that age at onset of first episode, severity of depression, and inpatient status are the potentially relevant clinical factors associated with severe suicidal ideation, and that we also should pay attention to depressive patients with these characteristics to prevent suicide.


Introduction: urinary tract infections (UTI) are a frequent problem in the pediatric population. Recurrent UTI has increased risk of renal scarring and glomerular damage. Objective: Describe the frequency of hematuria, proteinuria, elevated blood pressure and ultrasound findings in pediatric patients aged 1 month to 14 years of age diagnosed with UTI. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted from October 2014 to February 2016, in patients attending the pediatric emergency department of the Hospital of San Jose, with diagnosis of UTI. Results: There were 125 patients diagnosed with UTI, the median age was 2.75 years, being more common in women (75.2%) and the most of patients got intra hospital management (58.4%). It was observed that in the group of recurrent UTI was more frequent hematuria than ITU first episode (21.9% vs 11.8%) as renal malformations (32.0% vs 14.5%). In high blood pressure are major differences between the groups with a frequency of hypertension in hospitalized 19.6% for the first episode and 18.2% in recurrent was observed. Abnormal proteinuria was 35.4% in the first episode of UTI group. Conclusions: There are frequent findings of proteinuria, hematuria, kidney malformations and hypertension in patients with UTI. It found an unusual frequency of hypertension, especially in the first episode. Its important to do an ambulatory monitoring of uroanalysis and blood pressure to ensure that this normalizes or to detect permanent damage.


One of the most adverse phenomena which are related to the salt and moisture presence in the pore system of building materials is salt crystallization. The process is associated with the solution supersaturation ratio. The salt phase change kinetics is taken into account during the modelling of coupled moisture, salt and heat transport. To solve the set of governing, differential equations the finite element and finite difference methods are used. Three different rate laws are assumed in the modelling the salt phase change. The drying, cooling and warming of cement mortar sample, during which the salt phase change occurs, have been simulated using the software developed. The changes of salt concentration in the pore solution and the amount of precipitated salt due to variation of boundary conditions are calculated and discussed. Results obtained in numerical simulation assuming the first, second and fourth order rate law indicate that the higher order of the rate law, the longer time delay between the change of boundary conditions and the salt precipitation.


Discusses an image display apparatus and a method for operating an image display apparatus. The method of an embodiment comprises: displaying an image on a display; when the pointer moves on the display in response to a remote display dragged from a first position to a second position, selecting a first position and a second position corresponding to the region; and are indicated in the selection area and a first button of the remote controller is pressed condition, if the remote controller moving away from the display or approaches the display, the selection area is enlarged or zoom operation, and displayed on the display enlargement or reduction results. As a result, increase user convenience.


Objective:To establish a method for 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol and Pentachlorophenol in water with Gas Chromatography.Methods: 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol and Pentachlorophenol in the water were extracted by liquid-liquid,then analyzed with DB-1701 capillary column.at the same time,they were determined with GC by controlling the temperature.Retention time of the peaks was used for qualitative analysis,while external standard method was used for quantitative analysis.Results: The linear ranges of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol and Pentachlorophenol were 0.005 μg/L~1.0 μg/L and 0.01 μg/L~2.0 μg/L,r≥0.9990.The lowest determination limit were 0.0030 and 0.0048 μg/L,the rate of recovery were 73.0%~91.0% and RSD were 4.6%~7.9%.Conclusion: This method can accurately determine 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol and Pentachlorophenol in the water and only takes 8.5 minutes.It′s simple,rapid and sensitive.


Pharmacy students are during their transitional period for their future career while they study at colleges and universities.It is the right time for pharmaceutical colleges and universities to start professional practice according to social need.Universities should find the point of intersection between specialty requirement and trade need which depends on pharmacy service,the point of intersection between social need and students' need which depends on human resource and the point of intersection between school culture and trade culture depending on value recognition which creates an open inner-environment in favor of the professional transition for students.


'PLANCTation' – The story about Aurelia Oline Ebeltoft is a story about how the power and ingenuity of female leadership and large-scale collaboration can help find solutions to the health and existential problems created by severe global environmental change. With a focus on solving air-pollution and its consequences for people's health and lung function, Aurelia's invention of PLANCTation – an algae farm for oxygen generation – has given people and planet a new lease on life. Algae farming is, in fact, being increasingly explored for a variety of health and environmental benefits, so this story is incredibly close to some very real developments. Woven into, however, is also a sense of getting fed up with resistance to change and a call to take responsibility, as people and healthcare professionals. To recognize and open ourselves to the many different possibilities to contribute to people's health and wellbeing and take action.


The relationship between diversification and firm performance has been a topic of great importance to scholars of different areas for several decades and who have recognized some factors that can affect this relationship. A review of the litera- ture on which this article is based has identified 11 key factors that can impact the business performance of a company that has decided to diversify (Type, mode, diversification level, governance, R&D, Information and communication technologies, busi - ness risk, knowledge, industrial sector, size and age). The analysis has been based on empirical evidence found in 55 studies conducted during the period between 2003 and 2014.


e20526 Background: Sarcomas are the rare malignancies all over the world. Most of the patients present with locally advanced disease even with metastasis. Primary therapy is surgery, but it is usually not possible due to the advanced status of the disease. Data is deficient for chemotherapeutic regimens, to be used as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced (unresectable) sarcomas. We evaluated the role of combination of various chemotherapeutic agents, effective against sarcoma used in various trials. These agents were used in a combination of cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, bleomycin, etoposide (CCABE) for the treatment of sarcomas, for down staging as well as resolving of metastasis.

METHODS
In this retrospective study, 150 patients of sarcomas with advanced stage or metastasis were evaluated who received this combination of CCABE from 2000 to 2009 (ten years). The primary end point was to assess the response to therapy regarding resolving of metastasis and whether surgical resection was possible.

RESULTS
Patients received three to six cycles (median=4) of CCABE regimen. All patients tolerated chemotherapy regimen well with no documented chemotherapy related mortality. Twenty eight (18%) patients showed complete response, ninty six (64%) patients showed partial response, fifteen (10%) had stable disease and eleven (07%) patients had progressive disease. One hundred and twenty (80%) patients underwent surgery after neo adjuvant chemotherapy. Eighty one (67%) patients underwent complete resection and partial resection was done in thirty nine (32%) patients. After surgery twenty six (17%) patients received further chemotherapy. Seventy eight (65%) patients having done surgery also received locoregional radiation therapy. Mostly grade III, IV mucositis and vomiting ware observed during treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with combination of CCABE regimens seems to be effective in down staging the locally advanced and metastatic sarcomas and rendering surgery possible. A randomized trial comparing with standard regimen will be more appropriate to define the optimum use of this regimen in routine practice.