Laser-induced fluorescence imaging has been used to study the microstructure of paper surfaces. Pulses from a XeCl-excimer laser, 10 ns in duration at 308 nm, were used for excitation, and fluorescence was collected at 420 nm. The excitation spot diameter was approximately 20 µm, and the sampling interval 0.15 mm. Within an area of 5*5 mm2, 1023 sampling points were recorded to generate 3D fluorescence maps of paper surfaces. Papers containing fluorescence whitening agents (FWAs) gave the highest average fluorescence signals. Coated papers with no FW As show weaker signals than the base sheet. For some thirty different paper samples, an obvious correlation between the amount of coating and the average intensity of the fluorescence signal was observed. Signal fluctuations around the average intensity values were sensitive to (1) the chemical pulp content in super calantered (SC) paper, (2) the amount of recycled fiber in newsprint, and (3) the amount of coating on the light-weight coated (LWC) paper surface. An effort was made to correlate fluorescence imaging results to predict mottling (diffusion of printing ink after printing) in various paper brands.


We prove that if G is an abelian group and H 1 x 1 , . . . , H k x k is an irredundant (minimal) cover of G with cosets, then This bound is the best possible up to the constant hidden in the O ( · ) notation, and it resolves conjectures of Pyber (1996) and Szegedy (2007). We further show that if G is an elementary p -group for some large prime p , and H 1 , . . . , H k is a sequence of hyperplanes with many repetitions, then the bound above can be improved. As a consequence, we establish a substantial strengthening of the recently solved Alon-Jaeger-Tarsi conjecture: there exists α > 0 such that for every invertible matrix M ∈ F n × n p and any set of at most p α forbidden coordinates, one can find a vector x ∈ F np such that neither x nor Mx have a forbidden coordinate.


Modern microwave communication system require stable and compact local oscillator source. This paper presents a low phase-noise frequency tripler, based on a pseudomorphic high electron-mobility technology, for 38GHz short-range communication system. The multiplier exhibits a conversion loss of 3.4dB and an average phase noise degradation at 10kHz and lOOkHz offset-frequency from carrier of 9 ± 1dB.


The discovery of Wittgenstein s diaries 1930–1932, 1936–1937 marks an important epoch in the study of Wittgenstein s relations to Kierkegaard. In this paper, I attempt to reconsider Wittgenstein s relations to Kierkegaard by a careful reading of the material. I argue that during the period from 1930 to 1937 Wittgenstein came to have faith in the forgiveness of sins due to his reading of The Sickness unto Death and Practice in Christianity, while he came to have a suspicion that Christian faith should find its expression in "human love of Christ" rather than in accepting the "paradox" as presented in the Philosophical Fragments.


Excerpt Pulmonary paragonimiasis is a disease caused by the presence within the lung parenchyma of the oriental lung fluke,Paragonimus westermani. Known variously as endemic hemoptysis, lung distom...


This paper focuses on the medical and sanitary contribution to the theoretical frame of French military thought during the decade before World War I. Two major issues are then debated among the military medical planning experts. On the one hand, the medical process of selecting soldiers in the universal conscription system according to the law adopted in 1905. On the other hand, the organisation of health services in modern warfare as teached by lessons of the Russo-Japanese conflict. In 1914, the first months of the war resulted in a famous "health disaster" and the medical dogma of military hygiene appeared strongly challenged. Nevertheless, this breaking off of the hygienist thought has to be understood in the long-term preparation of the military tool. In that way, the sanitary shift of 1915-1916 was operated in line with the idea of preserving the human capital, an idea forged by the health ideal of the nation under arms which had underlain the view of military hygiene since the beginning of the 20th century.


Healthcare must provide safe and effective treatment while being cost-effective and ethical in its delivery. Anaesthesia is particularly prone to production pressure, which can lead to compromises in patient safety through risky decision-making. Australian anaesthetists (N=192), trainees, and specialists were asked to complete an electronic survey asking whether they would proceed with surgery in 11 clinical elective scenarios involving a violation of a standard or practice guideline. They were also asked how confident they were in their decisions and provided an opportunity to explain. Across all scenarios, anaesthetists would have proceeded ranging from 8.3% to 89.6. The likelihood to proceed and confidence in the decision in some scenarios was influenced by the decision made, gender, age, and level of expertise. Although not originally designed to investigate rule-governed behaviour using Relational Framework Theory, we found evidence of the influence of plys, tracks and augments, in the explanations which participants provided. Relational Framework Theory may provide insights into individual beliefs, values, motivators, and the influence of culture-behavioural systems in anaesthetists attitudes towards safety practices and human factors.


This manual is intended for new users with minimal or no experience with using the Iterative Learning Algorithm for Records Analysis (ILARA) tool. The goal of this document is to give an overview of the main functions of ILARA. The primary focus of this document is to demonstrate functionality. Every effort has been made to ensure this document is an accurate representation of the functionality of the ILARA tool. For additional information about this manual, contact email@example.com.


Titanium is a popular orthopaedic implant material, but it requires surface modification techniques to improve osseointegration and long term functionality. This project compares a new method of modifying surface topography (nano-patterning) with an existing clinical technology (grit-blasting and acid-etching (GAE)). Titanium discs were blasted with aluminium oxide and etched in sulphuric and acetic acid. Injection moulded discs (with two different nano-patterns) were coated in titanium by evaporation. The topography and chemistry of the discs was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurements, and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). Two discs were plated bilaterally onto a flattened area of the tibiae of 12 rabbits. Tibiae were removed after 4 and 8 weeks for histological assessment of the bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio. AFM and SEM demonstrated a difference in pattern between the square array of nano-pits (SQ) and the randomly positioned nano-pits (RAND). The GAE implants exhibited increased surface roughness (Ra = 570nm) compared to the titanium coated SQ and RAND implants (Ra = 12nm). Water contact angle measurements showed the surface had comparable wettability and XPS demonstrated similar chemical compositions, except GAE surfaces contained 6.8% aluminium. Histological samples analysed at 4 weeks showed a BIC ratio of 36% for GAE, 56% for SQ, and 48% for RAND. At 8 weeks, the BIC ratio was 52% for GAE, 80% for SQ, and 72% for RAND implants. This increase in BIC at 8 weeks for both SQ and RAND implants compared to GAE was statistically significant (P This project demonstrated there was an increase in interfacial bone to implant contact when using a nano-scale topography incorporating nano-pits compared to conventional grit-blasted acid-etched micro-scale topographies. This enhancement of BIC may reduce long term loosening of orthopaedic implants due to mechanical and biological attrition at the interface.


Comparative studies of linden phytophages in the urban landscapes of Grodno Ponemany (Belarus) and Krasnodar (Russia) have been carried out. 22 arthropod species were revealed, including 6 species of herbivorous ticks and 16 species of insects. Among these organisms, 18 species are representatives of the native fauna, 4 are invasive, while the invaders in the Grodno Ponemany and in Krasnodar are different (two species each). In Grodno Ponemany, oligophages prevail, in Krasnodar, the proportion of polyphages is high. The invasive species Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata) and native species of gall mites are the most harmful in Belarus. The significance of the invaders in Krasnodar is much lower, and Metcalfa pruinosa Say, and Hyphantria cunea Drury cause significant damage to linden only in the years of sharp increase in number. In Krasnodar, linden spider mite – Schizotetranychus tiliarium (Hermann) is the most harmful, populating 100 % of linden trees older than 10 years. Almost all polyphages, with the exception of the invaders identified for Krasnodar, exhibit moderate or low harmfulness.


Nonlinear equations and nonlinear least squares problems have many
applications in physics, chemistry, engineering, biology, economics,
finance and many other fields. In this paper, we will review some
recent results on numerical methods for these two special problems,
particularly on Levenberg-Marquardt type methods, quasi-Newton type
methods, and trust region algorithms. Discussions on variable
projection methods and subspace methods are also given. Some
theoretical results about local convergence results of the
Levenberg-Marquardt type methods without non-singularity assumption
are presented. A few model algorithms based on line searches and
trust regions are also given.


Simple Summary A systematic review of the literature was performed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of endometrial cancer arising in adenomyosis (EC-AIA). From our analysis, EC-AIA is a rare disease that mainly affects menopausal women and shows symptoms similar to endometrial cancer, but has a challenging preoperative diagnosis. The higher prevalence of the non-endometrioid histotype, advanced FIGO stages, and p53-signature might be behind the worse prognosis of EC-AIA compared to endometrial cancer. Abstract Endometrial cancer arising in adenomyosis (EC-AIA) is a rare uterine disease characterized by the malignant transformation of the ectopic endometrium within the adenomyotic foci. Clinicopathological and survival data are mostly limited to case reports and a few cohort studies. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of women with EC-AIA through a systematic review of the literature. Six electronic databases were searched, from 2002 to 2022, for all peer-reviewed studies that reported EC-AIA cases. Thirty-seven EC-AIA patients from 27 case reports and four case series were included in our study. In our analysis, EC-AIA appeared as a rare disease that mainly occurs in menopausal women, shares symptoms with endometrial cancer, and is challenging to diagnose preoperatively. Differently from EC, it shows a higher prevalence of the non-endometrioid histotype, advanced FIGO stages, and p53-signature, which might be responsible for its worse prognosis. Future studies are necessary, to confirm our findings and further investigate this rare condition.


A study was conducted to observe the cytotoxicity of thiourea and thiomersal on mouse splenocytes by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Thiourea and thiomersal were two fold serially diluted to obtain concentrations (ppm) of 1.6421, 0.8211, 0.4105, 0.2053, 0.1026, 0.0513, 0.0257, 0.0128, 0.0064, 0.0032, 0.0 for thiourea and 25.0, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.5625, 0.78125, 0.39063, 0.19532, 0.09766, 0.04883, 0.0 for thiomersal in a microtitre plate. One hundred microlitre of splenocytes (1×10 7 cells/ml) were added to each concentration of thiomersal and thiourea followed by incubation at 37°C for 16 h in a CO 2 incubator. Later, the viability of the cells was quantified using MTT. The results of cell viability (%) showed that IC50 of thiourea and thiomersal was 0.08681 ppm and 0.069046 ppm, respectively. In both the compounds, hormetic cell proliferation was observed at lower doses. In conclusion, hormetic cell proliferation of splenocytes both by thiourea and thiomersal may account for erratic immune response due to splenocyte proliferation.


Objective To explore the curative effect of the implantation of stents on the symptomatic internal carotid arteries (ICA) occlusion. Method The clinical data of 6 patients with symptomatic ICA occlusion, who were treated by the implantation of the stents from July, 2010 to May, 2011, were analyzed retrospectively. Results The occluded segments were located at the beginning of ICA in all the patients. Of 6 patients, 5 received successful intraarterial implantation of stents and 1 underwent the failure of implantation of the stent. The following-up from 3 to 12 months (mean, 6 months) showed ICA into which the stents were implanted were free, the clinical symptoms were improved and no cerebral ischemia occurred again in 5 patients receiving successful implantation of the stents. Conclusions The treatment of occlusive ICA by implantation of stent which may improve feeding blood to the cerebral tissues affected by ICA occlusion is feasible. The short-term curative effect is satisfactory and its long-term effect should be further observed.


A 3-D Velocity automatic measuring system using 7-holes pitot tube is discussed in this paper.The system developed by the author consists of a 7-holes pitot tube,a stepping motor,seven pressure transducers,an analogue amplifier,a computer data acquisition card,a switch voltage output circuit and a data processing system.The advantages of this system with large space angle,β is from-65°to 75°are highly sensitive.The velocity range of this system is from 4 m/s to 50 m/s.The rotation angle of this system is from 0° to 360°.The process of measurement is controlled by the computer.The experimental results show that the 7-holes pitot tube automatic velocity measuring system is a very useful tool in study of aerodynamic characteristics in flow field.


The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the present position of the curriculum coordinator and to determine the future status of this position in the state of Kansas.


This paper investigates how student-workers' performance can be assessed through the notion of work-role performance, on the basis of three behavioral-related dimensions (proficiency, adaptivity, and proactivity), and proposes a definition of performance prior to graduation. By taking into account the accumulation of work experience, this article investigates first whether 1,310 cooperative education (co-op) students develop proficient, adaptive, and proactive performance behaviors toward the task and the team in the workplace and test the effect of the accumulation of work-experience of three cohorts. Second, it examines whether this work-role performance was different between 547 co-op students and 617 non-co-op students both with four months of work experience. Results showed that only team performance proficiency significantly increased with the accumulation of work experience for co-op students. Results did not show significant difference between co-op and non-co-op students with regard to work-role performance scores.


The effect of temperature during grain filling on eating and cooking quality of early-season indica rice was investigated by using four cultivars with different amylose content. Starting from flowering stage until maturity, the plants of all cultivars were subjected to two temperature treatments, referred as optimum (mean daily air temperature, 22 � C) and high (32 � C) temperature regimes. The results showed that the effect of high temperature on apparent amylose content and gel consistency in milled rice was cultivardependent. Under high temperature, amylose content increased for cv. Jiayu353 and remained little changed for cv. Guangluai4, which had intrinsically higher amylose content, and decreased for cv. Zhefu49 and cv. Jiazao935, which had lower amylose content. By contrast, high temperature reduced or kept stable gel consistency values for cultivars with higher amylose content and increased gel consistency values for those with lower amylose content. Moreover, high temperature significantly increased the gelatinization temperature of all cultivars. Pasting profiles and X-ray diffraction pattern of rice were also affected by temperature. The results suggest that high temperature during grain filling change the component and crystalline structure of starch and result in deterioration of eating and cooking quality for early-season indica rice.


Automated analysis of seizure behavior in video using intelligent video analytics technology has significant applications in healthcare industry, since it can provide accurate and quantitative measurement of human seizure behavior for assisting diagnosis. This paper presents a brief survey on intelligent video analytics for automated seizure behavior analysis, including both conventional motion analysis based approaches and the state-of-the-art machine learning based approaches. Furthermore, a new automated video analytics framework is proposed in this paper, by exploiting the machine learning approach to build a seizure motion model and performing automatic detection of seizure events in the surveillance video in real time. This paper also discusses the preliminary experimental results and deployment of the proposed framework, as well as the future research challenges in this area.


[ J. R. Soc. Interface 9 , 1787–1796 (2012; Published online 15 February 2012) ([doi:10.1098/rsif.2011.0910][2])][2]

Synchrotron scanning was made possible thanks to the help of Christian Nemoz (nemoz{at}esrf.fr) and Alberto Bravin (bravin{at}esrf.fr) from the ID17 beam line at the European


Mesoporous nanotitania photocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel method in acidic or basic media. Three types of surfactants, namely, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and nonylphenol ethoxylate, were used as templating agents. The effects of surfactant type and pH on the morphology, particle size, surface area, pore-size distribution, UV-Vis absorbance, and TiO2 phase transformation were traced by SEM, TEM, BET, and XRD. In absence of surfactants, XRD revealed 54.5% anatase at pH 3-4 and 97.0% at pH 7–9. In presence of surfactant, phase transformation of anatase has been significantly inhibited such that anatase amounts to 82–100% in acidic media. In basic media, the brookite phase appeared in low concentrations (8–15%) while rutile totally disappeared. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized catalysts was tested via naphthalene degradation, which exhibited high activity in visible irradiation (>400 nm). The data obtained indicate that the surface area and pore volume of the current catalysts are the most effective factors for photocatalytic performance. Nevertheless, at the low pH (acidic) range, the CTAB templated catalyst gave the highest surface area (86.7 cm3/g), which is mainly assigned to acquiring the highest photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene (97% after 4 h irradiation time).


A wheel mobile robot with trailer is a typical nonholonomic, underactuated system. The paper analyzed the truck with one trailer. Firstly, the robot system's ordination is founded. Simple Routh equations are proposed according to dynamic analysis of nonholonomic and underactuated system. The dynamics of the truck with one trailer are founded through using simple Routh equations. And, the paper gave out simulated results on computers. Some conclusions based on the results were presented.


Chili (Capsicum annum L.) was one of the most important seasoning constituents of the cuisines of many countries in the world and it was ranked the fourth major crop cultivated globally. However, Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides has affected chili production worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. It is necessary to have greatly effective disease management. Therefore, this study had examined the antifungal effect of some nano solutions on C. gloeosporioides in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results clearly demonstrated that silver nano, copper nano, and silver-copper nano solutions had inhibited the spore germination and the growth of C. gloeosporioides. Inhibitory effects were 100% mycelial diameter at the solutions with concentrations of 125 ppm silver nano or 75 ppm copper nano or 50 ppm mixed silver-copper nano. The medium with the concentration of 75 ppm silver nano or 25 ppm copper nano or 12.5 ppm silver-copper nano solution completely inhibited spore germination of C. gloeosporioides. In vivo experiment, the silver-copper solutions with a concentration of 50 ppm could control the growth of C. gloeosporioides in chili fruits the findings were that there were only 13.3% disease fruits, and the inhibition efficiency was 86.7%.


Objective To investigate the reparative method and effect of r adial nerve injury. Methods From 1990 to 2000, 50 cases wi th radial nerve in juries were adopted in this study. Among them, there were 38 males and 12 female s, aged from 5 to 65 years. For the 50 cases, there were 28 cases with complete nerve rupture, 3 cases with incomplete nerve rupture, 10 cases with compressive injury, 5 cases with contusion injury and 4 cases with defect and irreversible i njury. All the patients were treated with radial nerve exploration in 1 hour to 6 months after injury. 31 cases were treated with nerve anastomosis, 10 cases wi th nerve lytic operation, 4 cases with tendon transfer and 5 cases with palliati ve treatment. Results All the cases were followed up 3 mont hs to 10 years. Th e curative effect was assessed according to Highet grade method. There were exce llent and good results in 46 cases, moderate results in 4 cases. Conclus ion I t is necessary to explore and repair the radial nerve injury immediately after t he diagnosis being confirmed. If the function of radial nerve could not recover in 6 months, tendon transfer should be carried out to reconstruct the extension of elbow, thumb and fingers.


This paper presents a novel system for transmission over wireless channels. This system combines a smart interleaving that uses a Wavelet Coefficient Matrix (WCM) with a time diversity scheme. It is shown by computational simulation that the proposed system presents a good performance over channels with memory characterized by the flat Rayleigh fading.


The behavior of the marine snail Neptunea cumingii cultured at different temperatures (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 (control), 20, 24, and 28°C) and the histology, immune enzyme activity, and transcriptome of its gills and kidneys were studied using ecological and molecular methods. At 0°C, most of the snails shrank in size and did not eat during the first 6 h. At 28°C, snails also did not eat, death began to occur at 24 h. when the temperature was 8 °C and 12 °C, there was no significant difference in the mean feed intake of N. cumingii (P>0.05). And it was higher than the average conch intake under other temperature conditions. However, the histology of the gills and kidneys differed among test temperatures. At 0°C, the morphology of the gill pieces was difficult to judge. At 24°C, edema was present in the small gills, and at 28°C the small gills were severely deformed, the distance between the gill capillaries and the surrounding area was enlarged, and the gill tissue was severely damaged. Temperature increase or decrease from 16°C caused the columnar cells of the kidney to become shorter and more numerous. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase activities (SOD) of the gill and kidney differed significantly among the temperature conditions (p < 0.05). Transcriptome results showed that temperature change resulted in up-regulation of 2339 genes and down-regulation of 2058 genes in the gills, and in up-regulation of 2300 genes and down-regulation of 2060 genes in the kidneys of N. cumingii. Furthermore, the DEGs were subject to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, and which showed that most of the DEGs in gill were involved in protein folding, defolding, translation, ribosome, and most of the DEGs in kidney were involved in DNA recombination, nuclear euchromatin, RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity. Finally, the results from this study show that N. cumingii prefers the temperature range was 8 to 16, temperature increase or decrease from that range, many aspects of N. cumingii biology could be significantly affected.


The molecular structure of gaseous trisilylarsine has been determined by the sector-microphotometer method of electron diffraction. The heavy-atom skeleton is found to be pyramidal; the As–Si distance is 2·355 ± 0·001 A and the Si–As–Si angle 93·79 ± 0·17°. The Si–H distance is 1·488 ± 0·011 A.


August 22, 1981 from that range that is indeterminate. Choice from that range on the basis of the relative prices could be at least as good as or better than choice from that range on the basis of previous preference structures.


Abstract One-year-old transplants of 'Olinda Valencia orange', 'Murcott Tangerine', and 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' genotypes were grafted on 'Macrophylla' rootstock and subjected, along with 'Macrophylla' rootstock, to 24 h of the night chilling (nocturnal) at 20/4 °C±1 (day/night) for three days, (8 h per day), followed by three days of recovery at 30/25 °C±1 (day/night). The results showed that leaf diffusion resistance (LDR), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly in all genotypes, while there was a significant decrease in photosynthetic apparatus, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and catalase (CAT) under nocturnal chilling stress. Under the chilling, Macrophylla rootstock had the highest concentrations of proline and SOD, whereas it had the lowest MDA and total chlorophyll concentrations. Noticeably, the enzymatic antioxidant profiles were enhanced after being recovered. Moreover, 'Murcott' had the highest LDR, MDA concentration, thickness of lamina, midvein, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, and dimension of midvein vascular bundle. Meanwhile, it had the lowest stomatal conductance (GS) and transpiration rate (E). Similar results were obtained with 'Valencia' genotype. In contrast, the 'Limoneira 8A' genotype under the chilling had the lowest levels of LDR, antioxidant enzymes (POX, CAT, and PPO), thickness of lamina, midvein, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, and dimension of midvein vascular bundle.


This paper proposed a multi-view surface array to enlarge the field-of-view (FOV) from 45° × 45° to 72° × 75° and improve the estimation precision of guidance information. First, based on circular and rectangular FOV sensors, the superposition characteristics of FOV in the +-shaped layout and the X-shaped layout were explored and analyzed. Secondly, normalization processing was applied to obtain the equivalent measurement value of the central sensor and the corresponding error distribution. Based on such measurement value and error distribution, the filtering model could be constructed, which could effectively solve the problem of observation number variation caused by multiple sensors. Thirdly, a multivariate iterated extended Kalman filter (MIEKF) was proposed to make full use of multiple measurements. By iterating multiple unequal observations and making full use of the known error distribution information, the noise of filtered data was found to be effectively reduced and the estimation precision of guidance information was improved. Finally, based on a 6-DOF trajectory simulation, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method were verified. Simulation results show that MIEKF can improve the estimation accuracy of the line-of-sight (LOS) angle by at least 30% and the estimation accuracy of the LOS angle rate by nearly 80% compared with EKF.


Abstract : The optimal replacement theory for fault tolerant load sharing systems was developed under the support of the grant. As components fail, the system deteriorates. Where failed components cannot be replaced individually, an algorithm was found that determines the optimal policy for replacing the entire system. Load sharing systems arise as models for the failure process of certain composite materials such as Kevlar fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix, or for certain semi-crystalline polymer fibers themselves. Because of the astronomical numbers of components in these models, their analysis is quite difficult. A simple model that describes the failure process but is far more easily understood and manipulated, has been developed and its accuracy compared with that of a more complex and less well understood model. The agreement is excellent. Because of its simplicity, the new model is more easily extended to cover a wider variety of load sharing systems.


In recent years, data mining has been recognized as a powerful technique to extract hidden patterns from an enormous volume of data. These patterns can be expressed in many forms. One of them is as a set of association rules. From a transactional data set, an association rule "x → y" (support = s%, confidence = c%) indicates the co-occurrence of items x and y in the same transaction, with certain levels of support and confidence. Association rule mining is useful in many applications. For example, in retailing, highly associated products can be identified and sold together as a special offer package (Svetina & Zupancic, 2005). Ma et al. (2003) extracted association rules from microbiology transactions. They detected outbreak of nosocomial infection, or infection acquired by patients during their hospital stay, from lowsupport and low-confidence rules. A primeval but elegant association rule mining method, Apriori (Agrawal & Srikant, 1994), first discovers itemsets (or sets of data items) that satisfy a minimum support criterion. It then uses these itemsets to generate rules that satisfy a minimum confidence criterion. After Apriori, a number of advanced algorithms have been developed. The list includes Brin et al. (1997), Zaki et al. (1997), Liu et al. (1999b), Han et al. (2000), Yun et al. (2003), and Ko and Rountree (2005). Nevertheless, it is the original Apriori that is still the most popular one and becomes a standard function in many data mining software. In real practices, data is usually rudimentary and the probability that each item occurs in a data set may be very low. Association rule mining might be performed several times, each with different sets of parameters, so that plenty of rules are generated and some useful, nontrivial ones can be spotted among them. This is where Apriori's simplicity is traded off. It straightforwardly delivers rules that pass the thresholds given by users, but lacks effective pruning mechanisms. It is up to the users to handle the usually overwhelming amount of rules afterwards. There have been techniques for post-pruning or post-selecting the association rules. For example, Ableson and Glasgow (2003) proposed statistic-based pruning. Others attempted to identify general and specific rules. Once identified, specific rules could be pruned or kept separately for further analysis (Berrado & Runger, 2007; Liu et al., 1999a; Toivonen et al., 1995). Techniques that exploit semantics conveyed in the rules include Klemettinen et al. (1994), Ma et al. (2003), and Silberschatz and Tuzhilin (1996). According to Li and Sweeney (2005), rules were selected and combined to form a new rule that expressed the knowledge more thoroughly. But the selection was performed as part of the rule generation. O pe n A cc es s D at ab as e w w w .in te ch w eb .o rg


Methods used for segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images are not accurate and satisfiable. Hence, in this paper we introduce an effective method for the segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images using Wavelet Network (WN).Wavelet Network has the characteristics of denoising, background reduction and recovery of the characteristic information. To enhance the network structure and to estimate the network weights the orthogonal least squares algorithm (OLS) is used. Image acquisition is done by dermoscopy (it is a kind of imaging technique) used to examine lesions with a dermatoscope. The output of Fixed Grid Wavelet Network is a binary image that shows the segmented part of original image. It will provide accuracy of about 99.67%. Keywords— Dermoscopy image , Median Filtering , Mexican Hat Radial Wavelet , OLS Algorithm, Segmentation.


Stability limits on the UK power system, and other power systems around the world, are known to cause significant constraint costs on the system operation. Because of the variation in operating conditions, guidelines and limits produced by offline studies are often conservative and hence economically inefficient and leading to additional constraint costs. This is of considerable concern to the restructured power industry. This paper presents the recent developments on the areas of online stability constraint assessment, using time domain simulation based hybrid TEF and clustering analysis techniques, for large complex power systems.


The absorption and distribution of phosphate in flue-cured tobacco were studied by using 32P.The ra-dioactivity of NaH232PO4 applied is 1.48108Bq. The results showed that: The percentage of root of whole flue-curedtobacco plant assimilating 32P content reduced as growing,but stem content increased as growing in the sand culturemethod.Root and stem of flue-cured tobacco assimilating 32P vary small in the whole growing period in the solutionmethod. Distribution situation in leaf in two method showed that: lower leafcutters leafupper leaf. Rate radioactivityshowed:rootstemlower leafcutters leafupper leaf. However flue-cured tobacco assimilating phosphate in the twomethods and length of growth period were significantly positive correlation. Assimilating phosphate in the solutionculture method was more than in the sand culture method.


A remote control robot for distance measurement was designed which had functions of computer remote control, roadblock detection, data transfer, plotting etc. Wireless chip nRF905 and modularization architecture were adopted in the system. The user interface of the system was friendly. The computer in the system controlled the motion of robot remotely. The robot could detect the environment around it and measure the distance between roadblock and the robot. After the data was transmitted to computer, a program RobGUI.exe in the computer could plot the 2D picture of the environment ,display the bearing data and calculate the distance between any two points in real-time.is design for system.


Porcelain reinforced polyester resin composites containing 10-60% porcelain with respect to the weight of unsaturated polyester resin were prepared by compression molding. Synergistic improvements in the composite properties were achieved and are superior to those of the individual components. The effects of porcelain content on some important physical and mechanical properties such as water absorption, compressive strength and hardness of the composites were investigated in detail. It is evident from the XRD spectra of the composites that porcelain has been incorporated into polyester resin of the composites resulting in better mechanical properties.


Previous studies report differences between mothers and fathers during parent–child interactions. However, the origins of these differences remain unknown. We address this gap by examining the impact of adult gender and gender perceptions on adult-child interactions. Unlike previous studies, we observed both parent and non-parent adults during one-on-one interactions with a child. Further, for non-parent adults the child's identity was held constant while the child's assumed gender was actively manipulated using clothing cues. Results reveal systematic differences between parents and non-parents, but also between male and female adults in language quantity, quality, and engagement strategies during adult-child interactions. Adults' perceptions of gender roles partially explain these findings. In contrast, the child's gender did not impact adult-child interactions. Together, our results support the notion that male and female adults offer unique contributions to a child's development.


This paper demonstrates the idea of data transmission at a very higher rate (Tbits/s) through optical fibers in a passive optical network using the most efficient data transmission technique widely used in wireless communication that is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. With an increase in internet users, data traffic has also increased significantly and the current dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems may not support the next generation passive optical networks (PONs) requirements. The approach discussed in this paper allows to increase the downstream data rate per user and extend the standard single-mode fiber reach for future long-haul applications. All-optical OFDM is a promising solution for terabit per second capable single wavelength transmission, with high spectral efficiency and high tolerance to chromatic dispersion.


Disclosed is a white organic light emitting diode comprising first and second electrodes, and an emitting part between the first and second electrodes, the emitting part including a red emitting layer and a blue emitting layer adjacent to the red emitting layer, wherein the red emitting layer includes a first host material which does not absorb a blue light emitted from the blue emitting layer, and an organic light emitting display device using the same.


This paper proposes a project-based learning (PBL) curriculum for the design of embedded systems using results from the Embedded System Symposium robot challenge contest in Japan. PBL is one of the best ways to learn software development. However, finding an appropriate PBL subject is a difficult task for professors. Moreover, development of an embedded system requires a variety of skills, such as software engineering, electrical engineering, control theory, and mechanical engineering. To conduct PBL for real embedded system development, we need to assemble students and professors from various disciplines. Therefore, we commence the development of an interdisciplinary university PBL curriculum using the robot challenge. This paper presents the half-year curriculum and its results.


Epistre and how these representations differ from those of comparable manuscripts (like the Ovide moralisa and the Roman de la rose). These chaptets provide evidence for the ways in which the Queen's and Duke's Epistrework against established norms of gender, sexuality, and often-misogynistic behavior. These pages also establish the plurality of moralities which were presented in the Middle Ages, both dominant and subversive. Finally, Desmond and Sheingorn describe how the format of the illustrated Othea, itselfa montage, cuts through the predictable normalcy ofnarrative and allows the reader the possibility to pause, poised at the brink ofconclusive action, and to consider the possible outcomes ofalternative actions. These authots are to be commended for providing an inspiring application, both evocative and responsible, of self-consciously modern concepts to medieval material.


We study in detail the algebra of free ghost fields which we realize in a Hilbert-Fock space with positive metric. The investigation of causality clarifies the exact reason for the failure of the spin-statistics theorem and leads to the introduction of the Krein Operator. We study the charge algebra of the ghost fields which gives a representation of ${\rm gl}(2,{\cal C})$. The symmetries of the $S$-matrix in ghost space are pointed out.


Why do we study mineralogy? Certainly the net cast by the subject has reached far beyond its traditional realm. We now have experimental mineralogy and phase petrology, materials science, biomineralogy, lunar and planetary mineralogy, meteorites, environmental mineralogy…and, voila , mineralogy


The National Science Foundation;
The National Consortium for MAINST Research;
The Defense Threat Reduction Agency;
More Graduate Education at Mountain States Alliance;
Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation;
Integrating Nanotechnology with Cell Biology and Neuroscience Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship


Models of solar and space plasmas require an accurate model for thermal transport. The simplest such model is to assume that the fluid approach is valid and that local transport models can be used. These local transport coefficients are derived under the assumption that the electron mean-free path is "small" compared to the temperature scale length. When this approximation breaks down, non-local transport models or thermal flux limiters must be used to maintain a physically realistic model. This article will review the background theory of how small is "small" for the mean-free path and what options there are for including non-local transport within the fluid framework. Much of this recent work has been motivated by laser–plasma theory, where mean-free paths can be large and the Spitzer–Harm approach is never used.


There is Tetragraptus approximatus, the typical graptolite fossil cluster which distribute in the bottom part of Arenigian of Early Ordovician in Xainza area, Gangdese orogenic belt. In situ zircon 206Pb/238U LA-ICP-MS dating on the rhyolite magmatic genetic zircons yielded a weighted average age of the (500.8±2.1)Ma; this has confirmed the existence of Cambrian sediments in the mid-west part of Gangdese orogenic belt for the first time. It′s indicated by the primary composition analysis that it is formed in shallow marine deposition and active tectonic setting, it also shows that the existence of Cambrian strata are not only local in Xainza County, but also in larger area.


This paper analyses the effect of unbalanced-magnetic-pull (UMP) developed in the spindle motors for hard disk drives (HIID). The factors affecting the UMP are discussed. In particular, the influence of the winding connection, winding coil arrangement and armature current waveform on the UMP development is investigated. Computational results obtained for various commonly used spindle motor structures are also presented in the paper.


In the validation of MODIS LAI product, much attention has been paid to directly compare the product data and the reference values, few efforts have been made to analyze the bias of validation result comprehensively. In this paper, based on the evaluation of MODIS LAI product, we further divide the bias into three aspects: algorithm, reflectance data and clumping effect. Moreover, the individual influence on the total bias is quantified. The results of assessment indicate MODIS LAI product has an obvious underestimate, as much as 34.14% in this area compared with reference LAI. Individual influence on the total deviation of each bias is 57.50%, 28.33% and 14.17%, respectively.


Placental examination is known to provide useful information following an adverse pregnancy outcome. Despite existing literature and guidelines for placental examination; current workplace practices, attitudes towards the value of placental examination and the knowledge of perinatal clinicians regarding placental lesions of significance are unknown. The aim of the study is to explore the current knowledge of neonatologists and maternal fetal medicine specialists on placental histopathological findings and clinical management based on placental pathology.


A liquid dishwashing detergent composition characterized by: a) an alkali metal carbonate; b) a dispersant polymer; c) 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight of an alkali metal silicate; d) a low foaming nonionic surfactant; e) enzymes; f) water; wherein said composition has a viscosity at 1 s-1 of 5000 Cps - 40,000 cps measured at 25 ° C using a rheometer of type Advance Rheometer AR 2000 as indicated in the description and wherein said composition is free of a reinforcing agent of phosphate builder.


Abstract This report will discuss the development and implementation of a dialogic co-creation model for English language teaching in the Language Resource Centre at the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany. The focus of this report will be on the impact of content co-creation and its impact on learner and teacher autonomy in English language learning and teaching. This collaborative, dialogic model draws primarily on principles of dialogism and exploratory talk (ET) and exemplifies a novel, learner-centered method for curriculum development and teaching in Higher Education. This learner-centered perspective advances an in-depth understanding of the relationship between language learner and teacher, content and language integrated learning (CLIL), language for specific purposes (LSP), their respective content boundaries, the role of content expert and the inhibition threshold. Three examples of teaching English to university professors and professional staff using this model will be discussed. The author proposes that such a model could be adapted and scaled into larger student groups, too.


Reliability of an electronic component is typically limited by fatigue failure of one of the interconnected solder joints. For harsh applications, where high reliability is required, solder alloys with high Bismuth content, such as Innolot, are commonly used. Adding Bismuth (Bi) to SnAgCu solder joint improves the fatigue resistance and slows down the adverse effect of aging and thermal cycling on the reliability. This paper investigates the reliability of different types of electronic components in thermal cycling considering the effect of surface finish, high Bi solder material, and aging. The test board incorporates three large perimeter CABGA208 components, three small full array CABGA36 components, three small QFNs packages, and six 2512 SM resistors. Three different surface finishes were selected including Organic Solderability Preservative (OSP), Immersion Silver (ImAg), and Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG). Three different high Bi solder alloys were used for the assembly including Innolot (3.8Ag, 0.7Cu, 0.15Ni, 1.4Sb, 3.0Bi), Cyclomax (3.4Ag, 0.5Cu, 3.3Bi), and MaxRel (3.8Ag, 0.8Cu, 3.0Bi). After the assembly, all test boards were aged for 12 months at 125oC. The boards then were cycled between -40oC and +125oC with a ramp up and down rate of 3.3 oC per minutes and dwell times of 15 minutes at +125oC and 10 minutes at -40oC. Total cycle time equals to 125 minutes. The test was completed at 5800 cycles, then statistical data analysis and failure analysis were performed. It was observed that Innolot performed the best among the solder pastes, closely followed by MaxRel. Regarding solder sphere alloys, matching solder sphere with solder paste alloy showed the best reliability followed by SAC305. The reliability of matched paste-sphere could be attributed to the comparatively higher Bi content from other sphere alloys. ENIG outperformed other surface finishes in the case of BGAs, but with SMRs, OSP and ImAg was slightly better.


New apps allow smartphone users to join the hunt for ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. Edwin Cartlidge asks whether networks of these miniature particle detectors might outperform huge multi-million-dollar observatories.


U.S. SCIENCE POLICYA bipartisan group of U.S. senators has assigned the National Science Foundation a central role in a multibillion-dollar proposal to boost U.S. competitiveness. [(read more.)][1]

 [1]: http://sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/310/5756/1891a


Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of complications following spleen transplantation. Methods Five cases of spleen transplantation performed to treat severe hemophilia A were analyzed retrospectively . Results Hemorrhage was found in 2 cases that one was from small vessels of spleen porta and the other one was retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Acute rejection was diagnosed in early stage to all in which it happened to 1 case within 5 days, happened to 3 cases from the fifth day to the tenth postoperative day and happened to 1 cases after the tenth day. Infection was found in 2 patientsone with incision infection and the other with infection retroperitoneal infection. All but one who died from hydrocephalus recovered as a result of timely diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion It is of great significance to the recipients with transplanted spleen that the complications are detected comprehensively and treated in time.


The utility model relates to a multifunctional driving mechanism for a pipe robot, which comprises two frames, wherein three roller structures in unidirectional movement are arranged at 120 degrees on the outer circumference in the front of each frame; one of the frames is provided with a motor and a hinge four-rod mechanism; a universal shaft is connected between the two frames; and one end of the universal shaft is welded on the front center of one frame, and the other is articulated with a connecting rod of the four-rod mechanism of the other frame. The multifunctional driving mechanism not only realizes the operation of the robot in a straight pipe, but also realizes the normal operation of the robot in a bent pipe or a reducing pipe.


The present invention discloses a method for processing tea jasmine; and by the fresh leaves through the drying green tea leaves, withering, rolling green, rolling, fermentation, scenting flowers, baked, to obtain jasmine tea; manufactured by the method of jasmine tea only retains the black the glycol have jasmine fragrance products meet elegant appearance, flavor and good, bright liquor color, natural aroma, taste simple and honest Gan cool, fragrant cheek teeth after drinking, memorable fragrance.


An application-specific customization methodology for minimizing the energy dissipation in the data cache of embedded processors is presented. The data cache subsystem is one of the most power consuming microarchitectural parts of embedded processors. We target the data cache tag operations and show how an exceedingly small number of tag bits, if any, are needed to compute the miss/hit behavior for the vast majority of load/store instructions executed within application loops. The energy needed to perform the tag reads and comparisons can be thus dramatically reduced. We follow up this conceptual enhancement with a presentation of an efficient, reprogrammable implementation that utilizes application-specific information to apply the suggested energy minimization approach. The conducted experimental results confirm the expected significant decrease of energy dissipation for a set of important numerical kernels.


The report is a survey of the strength problems arising on shell and tubular spar wings. The treatment of the shell wing strength is primarily confined to those questions which concern the shell wing only; those pertaining to both shell wing and shell body together have already been treated in TM 838. The discussion of stress condition and compressive strength of shell wings and tubular spar wings is prefaced by several considerations concerning the spar and shell design of metal wings from the point of view of strength.


Although the asymptotic properties of the parameter estimator have been derived in the $p_{0}$ model for directed graphs with the differentially private bi-degree sequence, asymptotic theory in general models is still lacking. In this paper, we release the bi-degree sequence of directed graphs via the discrete Laplace mechanism, which satisfies differential privacy. We use the moment method to estimate the unknown model parameter. We establish a unified asymptotic result, in which consistency and asymptotic normality of the differentially private estimator holds. We apply the unified theoretical result to the Probit model. Simulations and a real data demonstrate our theoretical findings.


The lack of a positive relationship between leaf photosynthesis and crop yield has caused many scientists to conclude that genetic differences in yield of a given species are determined largely by partitioning. As partitioning coefficients are maximized, however, further improvement in crop yield will need to occur via improved leaf and canopy photosynthesis. Environments that are altered to increase photosynthesis often also increase yield (...)


In this paper, a loop antenna loaded with coplanar strip (CPS) line is proposed as a multiband antenna. The CPS line is added with two switches to vary the antenna perimeter to cover seven different bands. The CPS line introduced into the loop is not only useful in reconfiguring antenna dimensions but also provides stationary radiation patterns for the all the covered bands. The proposed antenna works in single and dual-band modes. When the proposed antenna works as a single band antenna, it produces a band from 4.2GHz to 5.7GHz. Under dual-band operation, it produces bands from 3.75GHz to 4.7GHz and from 6.4GHz to 7.8GHz. The other dual-band mode ranges from 3.5GHz to 3.8GHz and from 5.58GHz to 7.4 GHz. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement and the proposed antenna can be used satisfactorily for W-LAN and WiMax applications. The proposed technique can also be used for size reduction of loop antennas.


Shape measurement by optical methods is more and more often used in research both in human and veterinary medicine. As a result of the measurement, a set with marker positions in space or a cloud of points representing a scanned surface is obtained. The collected data contains useful information, but to extract it, it is necessary to process the data using appropriate algorithms. The aim of this study was to present the algorithms that the author used to process data for the purposes of analyzes which results and conclusions were included in four articles published earlier. The algorithms concern the determination and identification of markers on the body when measuring the posture of soccer players and the analysis of the cloud of points for determining the angles describing the base and surface of the hoof bones in the polar coordinate system. The measurement systems in which data were collected are also described. Sample results obtained with the presented analysis methods are shown. For the first case these are given directional views of the markers determined in 3D space, while for the other two the result containing information about the calculated angles in the form of a table and a graph are presented. The presented data processing methods and algorithms are not only applicable to the cases on which they were tested. Directly or after a small modification, they can be applied in another area.


: Nowadays, Peruvian physicians commonly give oral medical reports to a patient´s family in English. For this reason, this research seeks to demonstrate the effectiveness of an Intervention Program for improving oral skills through role-playing activities, one hand, and, on the other, it aims to discover the kind of motivation, both goals in 40 students belonging to the Medicine Faculty of Universidad Nacional de Piura. This study has two parts, in the first quantitative phase, it measured the level of oral skills in these students, through an oral pre-test. After that, the students participated in an intervention program consisting of role-playing activities where the doctors usually use radiography to explain a medical condition. Then, the students were evaluated on their oral skills using an imaginary hospital situation similar to the pre-test. In the second part, the qualitative phase measured the Motivation of these students using the Attitude Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) in addition, a semi-structured interview could support the findings obtained in the aforementioned survey. The main findings were the improvement of oral skills and both Integrative and instrumental motivation in these students thanks to role-playing activities application.


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This study aims to evaluate the effect of size on performance of Brazilian multimarket funds. The final sample is comprised by 231 funds covering 7,997 monthly observations in the period from January, 2009 to March, 2014. We employed multivariate regression analysis, with pooled data. Our research model also includes the following control variables: management fee, performance fee, and age. The main results show that size represents an important variable to address performance of investment funds in Brazil, and there are arguments about an optimal size for funds that operate in this market.


Globalization has led to heightened competition l'or Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) and businesses are looking for new ways to gain consumers' attention (Martinez, 2003). In addition, there is an increasing pressure on governments and businesses to explore and develop solutions to the social problems facing society today (Kamau, 2001). Cause Related Marketing has become an increasingly significant contributor in differentiating the company and enhancing corporate image, as well as increasing customer loyalty and sales, while at the same time addressing social needs and the needs of charities and causes (Adkins, 2004). The objectives of this study were to determine the extent to which Cause Related Marketing is practised by manufacturers of fast moving consumer goods in Nairobi, to determine the benefits derived from the practice of Cause Related Marketing and the challenges laced by manufacturers of fast moving consumer goods in Nairobi practising Cause Related Marketing. The study targeted senior managers involved in the decisions pertaining CRM. A descriptive survey was used, and the questionnaire consisted of open-ended, structured and semi-structured questions, which was pre-tested for clarity. The 'drop and pick later' method was used to administer the questionnaire to respondents in Nairobi. This was a census study. The data was analyzed using frequency distribution, percentages, mean scores and standard deviations. The results show that the firms dealing in Fast Moving Consumer Goods use Cause Related Marketing only to a moderate extent. The firms meet some of the requirements lor practicing CRM like having the top management get involved in CRM decisions, and donating some percentage of their proceeds to designated causes. In addition, they also align their company objectives to the society needs to a large extent. I lowcvcr, use of the promotional mix to communicate to customers about the causes being supported is done to a very small extent, with the respondents citing cost of creating awareness on the media as the biggest barrier. It is evident that customers are hardly informed of


Introduction: African Americans (AAs) have among the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the U.S. Research has shown that positive affect and supportive networks are associated with better health outcomes and may improve regulation of physiological processes. We examined the extent to which psychosocial resources were protective of diabetes outcomes among a sample of 5,306 AAs. Hypothesis: Psychosocial resource measures are inversely associated with prediabetes and diabetes [defined by hemoglobin (Hb)A1c categories] and prevalent diabetes (defined by self-report diabetes status and medication use). Methods: Using data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), we evaluated the cross-sectional associations of four psychosocial-resource indicators (social support, optimism, religiosity, social networks) with two diabetes outcomes [1) HbA1c categories: normal (HbA1c ≤ 5.7%), at risk/pre-diabetic (5.7% < HbA1c < 6.5%), diabetic (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) and 2) prevalent diabetes (vs. no diabetes)]. For each psychosocial-r...


Zn1−xFexO (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.1) nanoparticles synthesized by a solution combustion method were characterized by different techniques. The structural characterization by XRD confirmed the phase purity of the samples. The optical characterization of the nanoparticles by FTIR revealed the formation of wurtzite structure. Local environment around Fe atoms has been probed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy and measured isomer shifts confirmed the charge state of iron is Fe3+.


Civil remedy is an important part of the system of the legal remedy against employment discrimination.No right,no relief.Therefore,civil remedy against employment discrimination is on the basis of its civil rights.The equal employment right,a specified equal right in labor laws,is still too broad and abstract to be direct right for civil remedy however.This thesis is concerned about the civil rights which is the concretization of equal employment right when it's applied in private law.Only concrete and measurable rights can become the direct basis of rights for victims to seek civil remedy.


David A. Johnson was born in Jersey City, New Jersey on July 20, 1954. Growing up in a suburb of New York City, he was active in the Boy Scouts, achieving the rank of Eagle Scout. In 1976, Dave received his baccalaureate degree in psychology from The University of Virginia, graduating Magna Cum Laude. Although accepted to a medical school after just 3 years of college, he chose to stay on, garnering friendships and supporting his fraternity brethren for a fourth year. Dave attended The Medical College of Virginia in Richmond on a naval scholarship, where he developed a strong friendship with "the ultimate teacher," Dr. Alvin Zfass, who was influential in David's pursuit of a career in gastroenterology. Richmond holds special memories for Dave; for it was there that he met his future partner-in-life, Christine "Chrissy" Kessler while on a blind date. As fellowship approached, Dave envisioned himself wearing the emblem of a Tar Heel on his jacket, but the Navy had other plans for Dr. Johnson. Surprise gave way to ardent enthusiasm when orders announced that his gastrointestinal (GI) training would begin at the Naval Regional Medical Center in Portsmouth, Virginia—Chrissy's hometown. All things worked out "so much better than we could have imagined," he recalls. A strong and lasting relationship was born that grew quickly to include new friends, colleagues, and an entire community. In 1981, 2 weeks after exchanging marriage vows, Dave shipped out to the Pacific as Medical Officer aboard the USS Sylvania. A few months later, a salty dog with a few tales to tell, he returned to Portsmouth to complete his residency. His next stop was Bethesda Naval Hospital. In Bethesda, Dave worked and trained with those he still considers the best of the best: Don Castell, Worth Boyce, Joel Richter, Larry Johnson, and others, who had a profound influence on his life and career. At the urging of his bride, they left Bethesda and returned to Portsmouth in 1986, where Dave settled into private practice, and joined the faculty of Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS). He has the distinct honor of being the first full professor of medicine in private practice in the history of EVMS, becoming Chief of Gastroenterology in 2000. Dr. Johnson has been very active in his community, serving on the Board of Directors of the Norfolk Assembly since 1995, and as President from 2001 to 2003. He received the Distinguished Faculty Award from EVMS in 2000. In 2001, he was honored as "The Gastroenterologist" in the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and as a Gastroenterology Master by the Virginia GI Society for his efforts on state and national matters. In 2006, he was the recipient of the Virginia GI Society President's Award for his distinguished service. Dr. Johnson has served the American College of Gastroenterology for many years in numerous important positions. He was the Governor for Virginia from 1995 to 1996, has served on many committees including Educational Affairs, Public Relations, and Constitution and Bylaws, and has been a member of the Board of Trustees for 12 years. From 1998 to the present, he has been cochair of the ACG Colon Cancer Registry, a position that brought him close to Virginia State Senator, Emily Couric, and her sister, Katie Couric, when Katie's husband, Jay Monahan, developed colon cancer. Dave was influential in lobbying for a legislation that assured colon cancer screening would be covered by all private insurers in the state of Virginia, leading the way for comparable legislation in many other states. Dave is a sports enthusiast: an avid runner, fisherman (which gives him an opportunity to bond with son Drew), football fan (daughter Catherine is one, too!), and a weekend golfer with aspirations. Dave enjoys traveling, sharing memorable times with family, and good wine with friends. A compassionate clinician, engaging lecturer, and an insightful clinical researcher, David enjoys sharing his enthusiasm for life. I introduce to you, the President of the American College of Gastroenterology, Dr. David A. Johnson.


Performances of Italian Opera houses are today particularly affected by diminishing Government budgets, inhibited private grant making and the credit crunch. Performances of USA Opera houses are not, similarly, flourishing though, if Government grants have always been modest, private contributions have stimulated the USA opera industry for decades. Such results might be reconsidered if Opera Boards would concentrate on both paying customers, members, donors, sponsors, Government, other Administrations, etc. Willingness to pay is only one focus of Opera Boards. Marketing is as necessary as fundraising of both public and private resources. Reports of Italian Opera houses and of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Affairs are checked through for comparable data with USA ones. These ones are investigated in their performances referring to 2008 USA 990 Forms. Cluster analysis – multivariate analysis with the Ward Method – will explore some trends in performances and revenue diversification of USA Opera houses. This research will give evidence of USA and Italian trends: segmentation of paying consumers, segmentation of donors and hence, revenue diversification from multiple stakeholders could both support not-for-profit goals, gaining or consolidating a competitive advantage in the Not-For-Profit Market of Opera. If the Net Gain can be considered a performance estimate of Nonprofits, the Fundraiser Profile of both samples is successful and revenue diversification is limited and contradictory.


FEED THE CLEANING SOLUTION ON THE SURFACE TO CLEAN BRUSHES NEAR THE CLEANING IS RECOVERED BY DEVICE AND SCRAPING sucked IN RECOVERY TANK WITH A VACUUM IN THE TANK 66. RECOVERY, A CHICANE 40, 44, 56 58 AND FILTERS 54 A DEFLECTEUR 52, AND SEPARATION WALL 46 dIVIDING THIS tANK TWO ROOMS 48, 50 ENSURE THE SEPARATION OF AIR, LIQUID, AND MOST OF DIRT. THE REST OF DIRT IS SEPARATE LIQUIDS IN A CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR 72 REFERS TO A CLEAN IN LIQUID FUEL TANK. FROM SAME, LIQUID CAN SELL AGAIN TO BRUSH CLEANING IS MIXED IN A CLEANER FOR DISTRIBUTION IN qUANTITY dOSED FROM A TANK SEPARATE 104. APPLICATION TO MACHINE CAR CLEANING SOIL.


A method is outlined for measuring the transient attenuation of optical fibers and/or cables exposed to a pulse of radiation (gamma rays, x-rays, electrons, protons, neutrons, etc). It can be employed to determine the level of radiation-induced attenuation (in units of dB/km as a function of time) produced in single-mode or multi-mode optical fibers, in either cabled or uncabled form, due to pulsed exposure to radiation. Co{sup 60} radiation-induced attenuation is measured by optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) techniques and compared to conventional optical throughput measurements. Relative advantages and disadvantages of the OTDR technique are discussed.


This paper discusses the noticeable nervousness of many US-based financial statement issuers in adopting IFRS. For contextual purposes, the paper provides an overview of the FASB/IFRS convergence so far and its probable future. A detailed review of convergence in accounting standards is explained through the respective standards for Pensions and Other Post-Employment Benefits. The paper concludes by suggesting that, while one set of global steps is a noble goal, it might not achieve the desired goal of comparability.


The proposed method for designing D.C. coupled, multistage amplifiers whose performance matches the design criteria (as measured by Spice simulation), uses a reduced version of the Gummel-Poon model of the transistor that is used by Spice.


The Yi Nationality has such a long history of cremation that among part of the Yi people in Sichuan and Yunnan cremation is still kept up.The Yi's cremation is based on the ideas in "The Classic of Guiding"that "all things of creation have the soul"and fire is holy and pure enough to have the function of purification.The tomb towards the sky is the crematory platform of the Yi Nationality.


There is an increasing trend to use computer display systems as the primary "window" by which users see and interact with complex dynamic processes (e.g., air traffic control; computerized control rooms for process control). These kinds of applications offer special challenges to the design of computer based display systems. In particular, the large scope of these applications necessitates large display structures involving thousands of displays. Further, the dynamic nature of the tasks mean that users need to be able to move rapidly through the display structure to keep pace with temporally evolving situations and to be able to respond to new events as they occur. As a result, special display navigation challenges arise in computer based display systems for monitoring and controlling dynamic processes.


Through analyses and experiments, this thesis studies the efficiency changes of ETL, which is developed through SSIS, between 32bit process and 64bit process, and it provides reference to the migration of corporate applications.


We present a wide-field, near infrared spectral imaging modality called modulated imaging (MI) that shows great promise for quantitatively imaging superficial (1–5 mm depth) tissues. We have applied this method to a dorsal pedicle skin flap model to determine in-vivo local concentrations of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin and water.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


In order to study the application value of big data information monitoring system in early diagnosis, treatment, and nursing of human papillomavirus (HPV) infected cervical cancer, firstly, the traditional ID3‐based decision tree model was optimized through the minimum sample number of different leaf nodes. According to the optimization model, the diagnosis model of HPV‐infected cervical cancer was constructed and applied to the monitoring system of big data of cervical cancer. Diagnosis model and information monitoring system (DMIMS) was compared with Decision tree based on decision support degree (DTBDS). Then, 876 HPV‐infected cervical cancer patients diagnosed in our hospital from January 30, 2018 to January 30, 2019 were defined as the experimental group, and 670 HPV‐infected cervical cancer patients diagnosed in our hospital from January 30, 2017 to January 30, 2018 were defined as the control group. Only the experimental group used cervical cancer data and information diagnosis system. Finally, the biopsy rate after examination, the coincidence rate with pathology diagnosis, the detection rate of precancerous lesion of HPV infection, and the detection rate of HPV infection of cervical cancer were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the classification accuracy of DMIMS (95%) was higher than that of DTBDS (67%) (p < 0.05). The biopsy rate of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05); the coincidence rate between biopsy and pathological diagnosis, detection rate of HPV precancerous lesion, and detection rate of HPV infected cervical cancer were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05), which showed that the big data monitoring system of cervical cancer played an important role in the detection of HPV infection cervical cancer, which can make the patients with precancerous lesions and early cervical cancer get timely diagnosis, treatment, and nursing.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
We aimed (1) to investigate the effect of a 12-week exercise training on sleep quality and heart rate variability (HRV) in middle-aged and older adults with poor sleep quality and (2) to examine the factors associated with the improvements in sleep quality and HRV parameters.

METHODS
Forty adults aged ≥ 40 years with poor sleep quality (mean age = 62 years; 82.5% female) participated in this study. They were randomized into the exercise group or control group. Each exercise training program consisted of 40 min of supervised aerobic exercise training and 10 min of stretching class, three times a week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures included both subjective (Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI) and objective (actigraphy recordings) sleep quality assessments, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and HRV assessment.

RESULTS
The exercise group showed significant improvements in the global score (p = 0.003), all subscales of PSQI (p < 0.05), and some HRV parameters compared to the control group. Multiple regression analysis indicated that exercise participation was associated with either the sleep quality (β = -0.617, R² = 0.407; F = 6.226, p < 0.001) or HFnu (β = 0.503, R² = 0.225; F = 3.200, p = 0.003) after adjustment for basic characteristics. However, the statistical significance between exercise participation and HFnu diminished after controlling for PSQI.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicated that moderate-intensity exercise training had a beneficial effect on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic function. Middle-aged and older adults with poor sleep quality were encouraged engaged in a moderate intensity aerobic exercise training to improve their sleep quality and cardiac autonomic function.


The development of tourism is currently a priority for governments in Indonesia, especially the Sumbawa Island. Tourism begins to glance at other sectors or areas not only about the natural scenery but also begins to extend to traditional health tourism by taking advantage of local culturally based local medicinal plants. Considering in Indonesia, especially the Sumbawa Island have an abundance of medicinal plants. It has been promoted as one of the first steps in promoting tourism. The effort and measures involved the use of Sumbawa Oil that is known to have many medicinal properties and to be popular in the community because it has proved capable of being a cure. Sumbawa oil is one of the superior products of the Sumbawa Island which is produced by local communities by utilizing the surrounding natural resources. This oil is not just a traditional medicine but also a local culture obtained from ancestors. All production processes, from the selection of raw materials to processing are carried out based on knowledge from generation to generation. Some producers even have traditional rituals performed during processing. This traditional ritual is believed to be able to increase the medicinal properties of Sumbawa oil. Sumbawa Oil could be a flagship for by-products and traditional medicated educationers that could boost the desire of tourists to visit the Sumbawa Island.


* Leonard Edwards, B.A. Wesleyan University 1963, J.D. University of Chicago 1966, presently in private practice San Jose, California under the firm name of Aguilar and Edwards. Author of The Rights of Children, FED. PROBATION, June, 1973 at 34; The Defense Attorney at the Dispositional Hearing: The Need for Social Worker Assistance, NLADA BRIEFCASE, December/January 1976/1977 at 48. The Case for Abolishing Fitness Hearings in Juvenile Court, 17 SANTA CLARA L. REV. 595 (1977), Dr. Inger J. Sagatun, B.A. Whittier College 1967, M.A. Stanford University 1971, Ph.D. Stanford University 1972, presently Lecturer of Sociology, San Jose State University. Author of Attributional Analysis of Experimental Norms, SOCIOMETRY June, 1973 at 127. The authors wish to thank the fifty two juvenile probation departments which responded to our questionnaire. We also thank Peter Bull, Don Ballah, Frank D. Berry, Jr., Sheldon Portman, John Long, and Jeffrey Ross for their assistance in reviewing the manuscript and offering suggestions thereto. 1. CAL. WELF. & INST. CODE §§ 781 (West Supp. 1977), appears in Appendix A. All references to statutory sections are to the Welfare and Institutions Code unless indicated otherwise.


The influencing factors of extraction of caffeine from tea with supercritical CO2 are studied.Through orthogonal experiment the effects of extraction pressure,flow rate of CO2,time and temperature on extraction amount of caffeine are studied and the results show that the effects of the four factors are in the sequence of extraction pressure flow rate of CO2 time temperature.The optimum conditions are: pressure 45 MPa,temperature 65℃,time 240 min and flow rate of CO2 16 kg/h.Fifty percent of ethanol solution(in volume ratio) is used as cosolvent.Extraction amount and selectivity are influenced by the amount of cosolvent added,and the most appropriate amount added is 120 mL.The influence of the pressure and temperature of the separators,especially the first-stage separator,on extraction rate and selectivity is investigated.When the temperature and the pressure are 44~50℃ and 12 MPa respectively,the extraction amount and the selectivity are great.The temperature and the pressure have great effects on selectivity and the selectivity is the highest at 44℃ under the pressure of 12MPa.


This paper addresses the first Brazilian public language policy nationwide, established by federal decree 7387, issued on December 09, 2010: the Inventory of Brazilian Linguistic Diversity (INDL). First, it is presented a history of works that preceded the decree. Some prerogatives for its regulation and implementation will then be discussed, in particular, providing for the participation of language communities in the process.


The production of lysine by a microbial method was studied using Brevibacterium lactofermentum (ATCC 21086) in shake flasks and a 7.5-liter fermentor. Lysine, residual glucose, cell counts, and dissolved oxygen were measured as a function of fermentation time. The effects of casamino acid, soypeptone, certain amino acids, glucose, and agitation on the rate of production and the yield were investigated. It appeared that reducing any one of the variables caused appreciable decrease in lysine production rates and yields. Plots of rate and d (log lysine)/dt were made to find the relationship between the rate of lysine production and the other factors. Plotting d (log lysine)/dt vs. lysine appears to be the most suitable method of comparing production rates. A mathematical expression was derived which appears to approximately fit the rates of lysine production.


Current U.S. guidelines suggest that employees of nursing homes who have contact with patients should be vaccinated against influenza. A randomized controlled trial from the U.K. provides evidence that such a policy is beneficial to patients.

Forty-four nursing homes were randomized to either …


Differentiating megakaryocytes undergo a unique endomitotic cell cycle leading to large polyploidal cells, which fragment to generate platelets, blood cells important for normal hemostasis. Simultaneous assessment of DNA content and cellular proteins by flow cytometry is a useful tool to study megakaryocyte differentiation and to define expression of proteins important for megakaryocyte development and platelet formation. The usefulness of zinc salt‐based fixation (ZBF), a non‐crosslinking method of cell fixation that permits downstream analysis of nucleic acids (Jensen et al., Cytometry A 2010;77A:798–804), in flow cytometric analysis of megakaryocyte ploidy in conjunction with extracellular and intracellular proteins was assessed. ZBF of a megakaryocyte‐like cell line resulted in preservation of proteins similar to paraformaldehyde fixation, and preservation of DNA content in a manner similar to methanol fixation. This is highlighted by experiments in which polyploidal megakaryocytes were analyzed simultaneously for endocytosis of a fluorescently‐labeled, endocytosed labile protein or expression of a cell surface integrin and DNA content. These studies demonstrate that ZBF will be a valuable tool to study the molecular events leading to platelet formation. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry


Magnetic susceptibility measurements have shown that the chromium atoms in the toluene–chromyl chloride complex are tetravalent. The structure of the complex and the reaction mechanism are discussed. Spectroscopic evidence has been found of the initial formation of a π-complex. The products of reaction of chromyl chloride and ethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, tetralin, and indane have been determined.


In this paper the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the operation modes for the plasma module on the basis of high-frequency torch plasmatron, intended for plasma disposal of combustible compositions on the basis of oil waste in the conditions of nonequilibrium air plasma of the high-frequency flare discharge are presented. The description of the industrial facility for plasma-catalytic disposal of oil sludge is provided.


A method for managing data blocks in a cache buffer defining date block segments, and for automatically transferring data into and out of the cache buffer. A cache list comprises a plurality of entries each including information identifying a corresponding cache segment, and a set of consecutive data blocks stored in the cache segment. Providing cache status for a requested set of date blocks includes traversing the cache list to locate entries identifying the starting data block in the requested set, and consecutive data blocks successively following the starting data block without interruption, and identifying as a missing data block the first data block in said succession, including said starting data block, not identified in any entry. The missing data block is used to provide status: a full hit if the missing data block is not in the requested set; a miss if the missing data block is the starting data block in the requested set, or a partial hit otherwise. In response to a write command for a new set of data, the cache list is traversed to locate all entries identifying sets of data blocks overlapping the new set. If a located entry identifies a set of data blocks fully overlapping the new set, there is a full hit. If no entry is located, there is miss. Otherwise, there is a partial hit. The new set can be automatically transferred into a predesignated buffer area selected by the cache manager.


Robert Edwards, the inventor of IVF, died two days after Margaret Thatcher. History may show that his impact was even greater than hers.


Indian population comprises roughly one sixth of the world's population. !mong this, ten percent of the population holds a large part of the total wealth of India. The poverty alleviation has become national attention. The Indian economy at present is at a crucial stage, poor contributes on an average of 26 per cent of the total population. Thus creating self-employment opportunities is one way of attacking poverty. There are over 24 crore people below the poverty line in our country. The Scheme of Micro-finance has been found as an effective instrument for lifting the poor above the level of poverty by providing them increased self-employment opportunities and making them credit worthy. Thus the concept of micro finance gained growing recognition as an effective tool in improving the quality of life and living standards of poor people. The present study focuses on micro finance institutions and their role in promoting self employment in the rural poor.


Ultrastructural changes of chondrocyte mitochondria in strontiuminduced rachitic tibia epiphysis were revealed by transmission and scanning electron microscope. After per os administration of a strontium diet for 2 weeks, the following rachitic changes occurred in the tibial epiphyseal growth plates: The growth plates in the rats fed the strontium diet (strontium group) , in particular, the hypertrophic zone, became thicker than those fed the control diet. X-ray microanalysis of the deep hypertrophic zone in the strontium group revealed the presence of abundant cations such as calcium, phosphorus and strontium, probably indicating interference with progressive ordinary mineralization. The hypertrophic chondrocytes in the strontium group had many longitudinally elongated, bent or bifurcated mitochondria. The mineralization disturbance and arrest of terminal differentiation of chondrocyte by the rachitic condition may be responsible for the morphological alteration of the chondrocyte mitochondria. These findings indicate that chondrocyte mitochondria correlate with their surrounding mineral phase and are ultrastructuarlly affected by disturbance of the correlation.


There are several techniques developed for solving nonlinear optimization problems. These problems become more difficult related to the number of variables and types of parameters. Solution of these problems with deterministic methods may include difficulties in both modeling and solving depending on the type of the problem. Heuristics are developed in order to overcome these difficulties. Differential evolutionary algorithm (DEA) related to genetic algorithm concerning process and operators, is an efficient population based heuristic optimization technique especially for problems of continuous variables. In this paper, DEA is presented and its operators are detailed. DEA is applied to a problem obtained from literature and results are compared with genetic algorithm.


This article presents a review of the book Becoming a Manager: Mastery of a New Identity, by Linda A. Hill.


1. Synaptic responses of alpha extensor motoneurones to stimulation of cutaneous nerves of the hind limb were recorded from the lumbosacral region in decerebrate and decerebrate‐spinal unanaesthetized cats. Responses to ipsi‐ and contralateral stimulation are compared.


The invention discloses a user interface generation method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, generating a base interface preview window; 2, setting window attribute, and updating preview window display according to the set window attribute; 3, adding controls on the updated base interface preview window in a control tree mode; 4, setting control attribute, dynamically updating the control display according to the set control attribute, and saving configuration information; 5, setting a window clipping mask, and clipping the window according to the set window clipping mask; and 6, generating a preview window of a target user interface, saving a configuration file of the target user interface, generating a window class according to the configuration file, and adding the service logic of a window interface. In the method, an executable software interface can be generated through control drag, attribute setting and other operation by a product designer or an interface developer without direct encoding, the controls contained in the interface generation process are layered according to a tree structure so as to facilitate relationship management among the controls.


Envelope drift and jump error caused by using the envelope amplitude correlation method pulse by pulse may be as large as the length of several range bins. These errors decrease the quality of the image heavily. By using the super-resolution technique, the accuracy of the range alignment is increased, and the envelope drift error and jump error in the range alignment are decreased. Imaging results of real ISAR data show that the quality of the image is improved clearly by the super-resolution technique.


The mechanical,friction and wear properties of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) composites filled with nanometer AlN,Si3N4,and TiN were studied.It was found that the nano-particle increased the hardness and wear resistance of PTFE but decreased the tensile and impact strengths of the composites.The tensile fracture surface was observed using scanning electron microscope(SEM),which showed that nano-TiN was finely dispersed in the PTFE matrix,however,nano-AlN and Si3N4 could not be well dispersed.


We thank Dr Hamon and colleagues1 for their interest in our work. We agree that our data demonstrate that both the absence of coronary artery plaque or stenosis on noninvasive coronary multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography has high negative predictive value for the subsequent diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. However, as …


Peach was stored in polythene bags of varying perforation coefficient (PC) under refrigerated as well as room temperature conditions. The activities of polygalacturonase (PG) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were monitored during storage at specific intervals. PG activity increased upto 6 days under room temperature conditions where the fruit lost its acceptability after 12 days. Under refrigerated conditions the activity increased upto 18 days and decreased thereafter till the end of storage. The PPO activity, on the other hand, decreased under room temperature conditions but increased under refrigerated conditions. The substrates of both the enzymes, pectin and polyphenol decreased during storage.


Various energy conversion systems have been reviewed in order to select an efficient power cycle to be compatible with the fusion reactor requirements. The power cycles were selected for a toroidal confinement system with D-T and D-D fuel cycles and a tandem mirror reactor (TMR) with a D-/sup 3/He fuel cycle. Reversed Field Pinch Reactor (RFPR) was selected as an example of a toroidal confinement system with D-T fuel cycle since there has recently been a comprehensive design study for it. Tokamak was selected as an example of a toroidal confinement system with D-D fuel cycle. Tandem mirror reactor was chosen as an example of confinement for D-/sup 3/He fuel cycle. The steam cycle was found to be most suitable for the RFP and Tokamak reactors while a combination of direct energy conversion system and steam cycle was found to be most suitable for D-/sup 3/He tandem mirror reactor.


Background/Objective: Software Defined Radio (SDR) is regarded as one of the most important emerging technologies. The aim of SDR is to support different wireless standards in a single radio device. Methods/Analysis: Different wireless standard requires different sample rate for baseband processing. This can be achieved by Sample Rate Conversion (SRC) technique. Comb-Integrator-Comb (CIC) filter plays an important role in SRC. But single stage or multistage identical CIC filter cannot provide better passband and stopband characteristics. So, some compensation techniques are required to obtain better CIC filter response. Findings: This paper discusses about sine and cosine compensator. It compares the result of sine compensated and cos compensated CIC filter with uncompensated CIC filter. Application/Improvements: It also focuses on the cascade of both sine and cos compensator with CIC filter to get tradeoff between refinements of both passband and stopband characteristics.


Objective. To determine the rate of undiagnosed and poorly controlled asthma detected by a computerized health risk assessment (HRA) survey system in an urban pediatric hospital-based outpatient teaching clinic. Methods. A software-based HRA system uses survey answer patterns to identify children with (1) probable, (2) uncontrolled, and (3) moderate to severe asthma. Parents of patients > 2 years of age were asked by clinic staff to complete the touch screen computer survey before seeing their physician from August 2005 through July 2006. Results. The HRA survey predicted 26% (282/1,098) to have probable asthma. Of these, 51% (144/282) were controlled and the parents reported a previous diagnosis of asthma; 14% (40/282) were controlled and the parents did not report a previous diagnosis of asthma; 25% (71/282) were uncontrolled and the parents reported a previous diagnosis of asthma; and 10% (27/282) were uncontrolled and no previous diagnosis of asthma was reported by the parents. Among active cases completing the baseline version survey (N = 217), 68% reported emergency department (ED) visits / hospitalizations in the last 2 years (44% > 2), while 59% reported missed school days during the previous year (23% > 5 days). Impairment, as defined by the 2007 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NHLBI/NAEPP) asthma guidelines, tended to be higher in patients without a previous diagnosis of asthma, per parental report, but this trend only achieved significance in two measures: daytime symptoms > 2 days per week in the last 4 weeks (p = 0.028) and more than 5 missed school days in the past year (p = 0.001). Conclusion. A previously validated HRA system can consistently identify a high rate of undiagnosed and poorly controlled asthma in an urban pediatric hospital–based teaching clinic. The utility of such a system would be to reduce missed opportunities for delivery of care and morbidity for the patients who currently have undiagnosed and/or uncontrolled asthma in the pediatric primary care outpatient setting.


Oil is one of the most important forms of energy and is a significant determinant of global economic performance. Commodities like oil are fairly homogeneous and internationally traded. The impact of dollar nominated oil prices on stock prices may not be quite relevant for Indian context. In this context, the study of crude oil prices in dollar terms along with the exchange rate would be more meaningful to understand the impact of oil prices on stock market. The study investigates the dynamic relationships between oil price, exchange rate and Indian stock market during 1993 to 2013. The estimated results of the Johansen's cointegration test and vector error correction model suggest that there exist a long run cointegrating relationships between crude oil price and Indian stock indices, but it cannot be said with sufficient confidence that the direction of the relation in the long run is from the oil price to the Sensex. The Granger causality test also reveals that the volatility of stock prices in India can be explained to cause the movement of oil price and exchange rate in short run. The observed relationship between oil price and stock indices is not due to the effect of the exchange rate fluctuations, because the change in exchange rate has no significant impact on oil prices or stock prices in India during the study period. The variance decomposition analysis reveals that the Indian stock prices are strongly exogenous in the sense that the crude oil price or exchange rate explains only a very small portion of the forecast variance error of the market index. Finally, from the impulse response functions analysis it is noticed that a positive shock in one variable have a persistent and prolonged effect on other variables.


This challenge trying to bag earlier when soldiers prefer to learn what they do not prefer those factors suggested in the bag so that the business can be a smooth transition. Subject research results are as follows. First, the preferences of the average of the soldiers on the previous business bag. 4.00, respectively. Dual prefer that the most important responsibility (4.11) and the efforts of sex and adequacy were analyzed. Second, the male soldiers (3.96) M yeobyeol preference emphasis on commitment and accountability, while a woman soldier (4.12) to be a lot of interest in the adequacy and sotongseong analyzed. Third NCO Title By expertise and responsibilities from the outset, while the officer adequacy utmost importance.