Since the final approval of the criteria for ABET accreditation of Information Systems (IS) programs in December 2001, only seven institutions have been awarded specialized accreditation for their undergraduate IS degrees. To date only, only one undergraduate IS program has received dual AACSB and ABET accreditation status. This paper explores the commonalities and differences in the seven baccalaureate degrees through an analysis of program structure. Results of the curricular analysis reveal that there is significant difference in required information systems environment coursework between programs housed in AACSBaccredited business schools and those housed in Information Technology schools.


The present article describes two methods of improving speech quality for mobilemobile calls in UMTS system, i.e. TFO(tandem free operation) and TrFO(transcoder free operation). Then analyses their principles of operation and summarizes each performance and virtues or shortcomings after comparing TFO and TrFO.At last some possible solutions are given for implementing.


The distribution of the fuel cell current density is representative of fuel cell behavior, affects its performance and enhances its ageing. The measurement of the magnetic field around the fuel cell is one of the means to identify the current distribution inside the fuel cell and thus the stack behavior. This measurement has the advantage to be non-intrusive. This study presents the interest of magnetic field to detect defaults on PEMFC. The magnetic field is measured by 24 sensors placed in a circle around the middle of the stack. Comparison of the shape of the magnetic fields magnitude is carried out for different inhomogeneities of the current density distribution. These results show that this approach is relevant for detection and isolation of the defaults that can appear on the stack


Although the landscape in pediatrics continues to shift and change, one of the keys to our continued success remains the same... it's about partnership. It's clear the element of partnership is well woven through our organizations as illustrated by many of us having patient and family advisory councils, family consultants, and family partners. While this foundation is strong and essential, we must do more to truly listen, recognize the value of patient and family involvement, act upon the information shared, openly discuss issues, and strive for better together. True partnership with patients and families requires us to shift the paradigm even further by incorporating and ensuring that patients and their families are included in all aspects of our organizations from the design of care plans, to system changes and improvement efforts, to participation on hospital committees and being recognized as the partners and thought leaders. We should recognize that patients and their families have the greatest skin in the game and will help us accelerate the advancements.


We demonstrate a separation method for complex mixture of superparamagnetic beads using half-disk pathways, under an in-plane rotating magnetic field, which is highly sensitive to the bead size and magnetic susceptibility. The non-linear dynamics of the beads moving along the half-disk pathways at multiple frequencies can be divided into three regimes: a phase-locked regime at low driving frequencies, a phase-slipping regime above the first critical frequency fc1, and a phase-insulated regime above the second critical frequency fc2 in which the beads just hop at the gaps between two half-disks. Hence, based on the dynamical motions, the beads with varied sizes or heterogenic magnetic properties can be separated efficiently. Furthermore, a bio-selective separation of bead plus human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell complexes from bare beads has been achieved due to the increased drag force on the complexes, resulting in a decreased critical frequency.


A new method for structural optimization is presented for successive approximation of the objective function and constraints in conjunction with Lagrange Multipliers Approach. The focus is on presenting the methodology with simple examples. The basis of the iterative algorithm is that after each iteration it brings the approximate location of the estimated minimum closer to the exact location gradually. In other words, instead of the linear or parabolic term used in Taylor expansion which works based on a short step length, an arc is used that has a constant curvature but a longer step length. Using this approximation, the equations of optimization involve the Lagrange multipliers as the only unknown variables. The equations which depend on the design variables are decoupled linearly as these variables are directly obtained. One mathematical example is solved to explain in details how the method works. Next the method is applied to the optimization of a simple truss structure to explain how the method can be used in structural optimization. The same problems have been solved by penalty method and compared. The results from both methods have been the same. However because of the long step length and reduction in the number of variables, the speed of convergence has been higher in the presented method.


Understanding landscape scale variation in reproductive and pollination success is a major aim of plant population biology. A potential determinant of reproductive success that has received surprisingly little attention so far is variation in nectar chemical composition across plant individuals and populations. Using the Lepidoptera pollinated fragrant orchid (Gymnadenia conopsea) as a model species, we aimed at providing a first account of landscape scale variation in nectar amino acid and sugar composition, its environmental drivers, and how it may affect plant fruit set. Nectar was sampled from 986 flowers from 296 individuals across eleven discrete populations of the G. conopsea. The proportions of sugars and amino acids were determined using high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography. Nectar composition was related to soil characteristics of the populations, and to fruit set, using linear mixed models. Approximately, 20% of the variance in nectar traits was situated between populations, whereas the highest proportion of variance (c. 45%) was found among flowers within individuals. Soil carbon and nitrogen content affected both nectar concentration and composition. Furthermore, fruit set of G. conopsea individuals was found to be significantly related to nectar amino acid and sugar composition. Synthesis. These results show that landscape scale variation in nectar amino acid and sugar composition should be taken into account in future studies of plant reproductive success. Furthermore, there is also high within‐plant variation in both nectar amino acid and sugar composition. This variation may reduce geitonogamous pollination, but it may also limit rapid pollinator‐mediated selection on nectar composition.


Affective reactions toward eight disease-related stigmas and the intention to extend social support were examined in a simulation experiment. The onset of the stigmas was varied as being either controllable or uncontrollable. In addition, the target person was described either as actively coping with the stigma or as not coping. The research question aimed at exploring the effects of onset controllability and coping efforts on expectancies, blame, emotions such as pity, anger and social stress, and on the willingness to support the target person. In a within-groups design each of the eighty-four participants was confronted with all the eight stigmas under four different conditions. It turned out that both experimental factors elicited affective reactions and judgments to help. However, the coping dimension appeared to be stronger for most dependent variables. In addition, helping behavior was mediated by different affective reactions for disparate stigma groupings.


Singapore is to spend $23 million over three years to battle online hackers and other forms of "cyberterrorism" according to a government announcement in February 2005. This is one of the world's most connected countries so the challenge of achieving this objective will be watched by many other countries. Describing the infrastructure behind the Internet as a "nerve system" in Singapore, Deputy Prime Minister Tony Tan said a new National Cyber-Threat Monitoring Center would maintain round-the-clock detection and analysis of computer virus threats. "We cannot afford to treat the threats from cyber terrorists, cyber criminals and irresponsible hackers lightly," Tan said in a speech while unveiling an information-technology security "masterplan" in this growingly progressive city-state. "Infocomm security is as important in protecting Singapore as is physical security at our borders," added Tan, who is also Coordinating Minister for Security and Defense. Singapore has one of the world's highest Internet penetration rates, with 50–60 percent of its 4.2 million people living in homes wired to the Internet. This affluent, predominantly ethnic Chinese island also has steadily tightened security since the September 2001 attacks on the United States, from patrols of heavily armed police in busy shopping districts to demonstrate tighter security at border points. In 2003, Singapore passed strict legislation to allow monitoring of all computer activity and for police to take pre-emptive action to protect state computers from cyber attacks. Tan said the money would also be used to help businesses tighten security for online financial transactions while guiding them to work with the government in maintaining cyber security. The Cyber-Threat Monitoring Center will link up with companies that provide anti-virus systems and governments running similar centers, including the United States and Australia. It is expected to be fully operational by the second half of 2006.


Optical interconnections and data storage offer high-throughput information processing. However, advances in optical interconnection and data storage are hindered by two major bottlenecks: material dispersion and the diffraction limit. The former requires the operation of photonic devices in a dispersionless medium such as a vacuum, and the latter causes structural incompatibility or size-mismatching between electronic devices and their photonic counterparts. Thus, if we could shape light beams or focus them in free space in a given direction or at specific locations, it would open up more possibilities in optical interconnection and data-storage-device design. Plasmonics, a research field concerned with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), has recently become a hot research topic. SPPs are coupled states of electromagnetic waves (light) and collective oscillations of electrons (plasma) at a metallic surface. Light waves can be converted to SPPs or vice versa, and the phases of both can be effectively controlled by dielectric (i.e., insulating) gratings on a metallic surface or slit widths and lengths in the metallic layer.1 We investigated two methods of using this property to shape light beams in interesting ways and to focus light in free space: subwavelength slits surrounded by surface gratings, and multiple subwavelength slits with varying widths and heights. In the first method p-polarized light (which has a polarization component perpendicular to the surface) passes through the metallic subwavelength slits, exciting SPPs on the exit side that propagate along the metal-dielectric interface. If the SPPs pass through surface gratings, they radiate light in a specific direction in the air determined by the period of the gratings (see Figure 1). By employing gratings that are symmetric, asymmetric, and chirped (i.e., ones in which the period of the grating decreases Figure 1. Dielectric (nd D 1:72) gratings on the silver (Ag) substrate ("m D 10.1592C0.8294i ) are asymmetrically arranged with periods of 305 and 503nm. The height and fill factors of the grating are 100nm and 0.5, respectively. : Grating periods. z: Direction of the normal. x: Direction of the grating periods.


Following the rise of China and Brazil's inclusion in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), the EU is no longer Brazil's main partner, and their power relations are now more horizontal. Even though they share the same values and beliefs, Brazil's and the EU's performance in global governance reveals as many similarities as it does differences. It is on this new base of relations that the EU-Brazil strategic association must be built.


We here report an AM1 study for the reaction of different types of radicals with the acetone enolate ion 1 and other ambident nucleophiles. The theoretical reactivity order determined is phenyl > methyl > tert-butyl ≅ bicyclo-[2.2.1]hept-1-yl. The activation energy for the coupling of aliphatic radicals is ascribed mainly to nonbonded interactions. Considering possible solvent effects, we propose the same order of reactivity in solution. The coupling reaction of phenyl radical with 1 is an exothermic process with nonactivation energy in the gas phase. Any energy barrier in solution is here ascribed to desolvation of the anion. The regiochemistry of the coupling of radicals with ambident nucleophiles such as 1, phenoxide, or phenylamide anions is also explained on a theoretical basis. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The Tao of Postmodernity" suggests a non-dualistic relation both between Asian Daoism and Western process thought; but at the same time it pleads for such a relation of nondualistic "contrast" between the two major forms of Western postmodernism: process and poststructuralism. Both of these share with Zhuangzi a deconstruction of the notion of a pure origin in favor of a relative beginning-in-process. Especially in certain forms of postcolonial theory, one may discern a reception of Daoist categories as alternatives to the theological politics of a creatio ex nihilo.


Phantom sources are known to be perceived similar to real sound sources but with some dierences. Oneof thedierences is anincrease of theperceivedsource width. This article discusses theperception, measurement, and modeling of source width for frontal phantom sources with dierent symmetrical arrangementsofuptothreeactiveloudspeakers.Theperceivedsourcewidthisevaluatedonthebasisof a listening test. The test results are compared to technicalmeasures that are applied in room acoustics: the inter-aural cross correlation coecient (IACC) and thelateral energy fraction (LF). Adaptation of the latter measure makes it possible to predict the results by considering simultaneous sound incidence. Finally,asimplemodelispresentedforthepredictionoftheperceivedsourcewidththatdoesnotrequire acoustic measurements as it is solely based on theloudspeaker directions andgains.


Since 1995, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) has evaluated the crashworthiness of more than 120 new vehicle models in a 64 km/h (40 mi/h), 40 percent offset deformable barrier crash test. The offset test is especially demanding of the vehicle structure, requiring only 40 percent of the vehicle width to manage the crash energy. Many of the models originally tested have been redesigned and retested, with the majority producing better structural performance than their predecessors. Critics of such testing have suggested that these tests are forcing vehicle stiffness too high for compatibility with other vehicles and other crash modes. IIHS has studied the relationship between vehicle mass, stiffness, and front-end length to the structural rating in the offset test. IIHS then studied vehicle accelerations, deformation, and interior intrusion for eight pairs of vehicles whose structural performance changed in the offset test after redesign for evidence of front-end stiffness changes. The data indicate that there were no significant correlations between mass, front-end length, and stiffness to structural performance in the offset test. The data also indicate that for models that sustained catastrophic collapse of the vehicle structure in the offset test, an increase in overall stiffness was required for better structural performance. The majority of vehicles whose structural performance improved did so without significant alteration to the stiffness of the vehicle for the first half-meter of deformation. These vehicles have maintained essentially the same stiffness in the front crush zone but have rapidly increasing stiffness as the deformation approaches the occupant compartment.


Phytoplankton biodiversity in the Parambikulam-Aliyar irrigational canals (Latitude 10o15'and 10o30' N and Longitude 76o50' and 77o10' E), Tamilnadu, South India were studied at five stations (S1-S5), Kulanaickenpatti canal (S1), Seelakkampatti canal (S2), Poosaripatti canal (S3), Kongalnagaram canal (S4) and Pethappampatti canal (S5). Totally 22 species of phytoplankton, of which 9 species of Cyanophyceae (blue green algae), 7 species of Chlorophyceae (green algae) and 6 species of Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) were recorded. The total number of species recorded in each station was found to be in the following order, S1 > S2 = S5 > S4 > S3 (20, 15=15, 12 and 8 respectively). Therefore, diversity vise, S1 was superior with more number of species and S3 was inferior with less number of species. As appreciable number of phytoplanktons species were recorded in these irrigational canals, they can be utilized for inland aquaculture purposes if manages properly.


The goal of teaching should be to assist the students in creating a full understanding of a concept. A student who has formed a concept, knows more than just the definition of a term. Concept formation is deep conceptual learning rather than superficial knowledge of a vocabulary word. The goal of every learning strategy is to enable concept formation. The KWL strategy is initially developed as an instructional learning strategy that is used to guide students through a text; therefore it is rarely applied in teaching physics and science in general. The KWL strategy consists of: (1) accessing previous knowledge, (2) determining what one wants to know and (3) recalling what is learned. This strategy is designed in a form of a KWL chart with three columns as an organizing instrument: (K) What I K now , (W) What I W ant to know and (L) What I L earned ? The KWL strategy improves comprehension and helps students in concept formation. It can be very useful in teaching and learning physics, especially when the content should be learned from text. Instruction about implementation of KWL strategy in physics classes and example of its use for formation physics concept force is given in this paper.


Ftcqucncy-hopped multiplc a I rcqricncy sliift keying (FHMA-MFSK) to luICiI ilic needs oi spacc station communication systems. Its robustliess with respect to the near-fiir cl'l'cct allo\vs for iiiiiltiplc-access comm~iiiic;itioiis with ground stations, low-earth oibiting satellites, gcosta- tioiiiiry satellites aiid extra-vehicular asti-onauts, yielding excessive iiiibalance of the received signal IW\\WS. 111 tlic pi.cscnt paper the pdomiancc of ;in FHMA- h4FSK system being ii possible candidate lor the Eurol)caii Space Stetion's comiiiriiiication systcin is csaiiiincd, ciiipliasiziiig tlic data detection stratcg). aiitl tlic impact of ti-;insmi(tcr (one shaping respectively i.cccivcr toiic \\ indo\ving. I'crl'ormaiicc c\;iluation is 11;iscd oii aii;iI! sus ;iiid sinirilatioiis, the Iiittci- t-cqiiiriiig selection ol pii~Ii~t~l~l~~ s!'slcm p;lraliictcrs. NcvcdicICsS conclusioi~s app1ic:il)Ic to ii Val-icty 01' FHMA-MFSK s!'slcms c;111 oc dra\\.ll. tlic impact of various data detection strategies and of various transmitter tone shaping and receiver tone win- dowing tcchniqucs on the overall system pcrI'oiiiiaiicc liiis been investigated both by means of thcorelical analyses and extensive Monte-Carlo simulations.


A Multi Sub-band Monte Carlo Simulator improved to efficiently include the Pauli Exclusion Principle is presented. It is used to study the transport in highly doped and ultra-thin silicon film. Both steady state and transient regime of transport for silicon films under uniform driving field are investigated. Such approach aims to be carried out in a full device simulator to improve the modeling of the access region of nano-Double Gate MOSFETs. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


A designing method of current-mode active filter using SFG(signal flow graph)is presented, the circuit realized with OTA can realize LP, BP, HB, BS, AP five functions without changing the circuit topology,and the circuit needn't outside passive resistances and enjoy other advantages.


The effects of fasting for 4 days and subsequent refeeding or refeeding combined with insulin administration for a similar length of time on the hepatic lipogenesis of 6-week-old meat-type growing chicks, were investigated. No difference in body weight was observed between the refed and the refed-insulin groups and both groups were significantly heavier than their fasted counterparts. Abdominal fat score was practically the same for all the three groups studied. As for liver weight, the value for the refed birds significantly increased with the reintroduction of feed and further rose to almost double the fasted birds' score when insulin was injeced subcutaneously.Among the lipid fractions, liver triglyceride demonstrated the most drastic increase as a result of refeeding. Such an increase was further boosted with the administration of insulin that brought the hepatic triglyceride score to a level that was 29 times more than that of the fasted lot. Likewise, serum triglyceride markedly increased with refeeding, however, this level dropped by 25% in reaction to insulin thereby suggesting that that hormone has the effect of suppressing the release of hepatically synthesized triglycerides into the blood stream. Both cholesterol and phospholipid contents in the liver remained unaltered even after refeeding or insulin treatment. Serum cholesterol, however, displayed a negative reaction to refeeding when its score sank by 23% when feed was reintroduced. This reduced level further plummeted when insulin was administered. In contrast, serum phospholipid responded positively to refeeding and insulin treatment as evidenced by its increased values. Like serum triglyceride, both NEFA and β-lipoprotein responded quite positively to refeeding but dropped significantly as a result of insulin administration.


Ten mg/kg 5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine (FCdR) was given intraperitoneally to pregnant mice of the inbred C57BL/6JHanFfm and C57BL/10JFfm- + ld strains once at successive stages of organogenesis. Near-term fetuses were analyzed for gross and skeletal malformations. The following observations were made. (1) The critical period for eye defects occurred at stages IV–X with a maximum response at stages VIII:18 for C57BL/10− + ld and IX for C57BL/6. Females were more often affected than males, and right eyes more often than left. (2) The critical period for the vertebral column was at stages VI–XII with maximum response at stages IX–XI for vertebral bodies and neural arches and IX for ribs. (3) Limb primordia reacted at stages VIII:18–XII, with two peaks of maximum response at stages IX and XI. (4) Skull primordia reacted at stages VI–IX with no clear peak of maximum response. The types of malformations were described. They were found to be nonspecific for FCdR. Strain differences regarding times of maximum response were explained by the different rates of intrauterine development. Concerning the sporadic malformations seen in controls and at a higher rate and severity in the experimental series, it was concluded that FCdR changed the threshold for these genetically determined defects.


Elastic constants of components are usually determined by tensile tests in combination with ultrasonic experiments. However, these properties may change due to e.g. mechanical treatments or service conditions during their lifetime. Knowledge of the actual material parameters is key to the determination of quantities like residual stresses present in the medium. In this work the acoustic nonlinearity parameter (ANP) for surface acoustic waves is examined through the derivation of an evolution equation for the amplitude of the second harmonic. Given a certain depth profile of the third-order elastic constants, the dependence of the ANP with respect to the input frequency is determined and on the basis of these results, an appropriate inversion method is developed. This method is intended for the extraction of the depth dependence of the third-order elastic constants of the material from second-harmonic generation and guided wave mixing experiments, assuming that the change in the linear Rayleigh wave veloci...


Key developments in Franco-African relations since 1994 are reviewed. Reservations are expressed about the widely held view that these relations have undergone a process of normalization in recent years and that France is disengaging from its traditional pre carre (sphere of influence) in Black Africa. Instead, it is argued that, under pressure from a rapidly evolving international environment and a changing domestic policy context, a partial modernization of French African policy has taken place. This new global environment has put constraints on French African policy but has also presented France with new opportunities to pursue its national interests in Africa, in the context of globalization and international liberalism. However, certain features of the special relationship remain, such as the role played in Franco-African relations by the reseaux(personal networks). It is therefore concluded that, while a process of adaptation has indeed taken place, Franco-African relations are at present in a period of transition.


Tremendous revolution in the mushroom technology in recent years with respect to types and strains of cultivated mushrooms has made Calocybe indica, a specialty mushroom, the third most popular and commercially grown mushroom in India. A lot of work has been done as far its cultivation technology is concerned but no systematic work has been undertaken for its genetic improvement. During present investigation improvement of high yielding strain, Ci-3 using mutagenic treatment on protoplasts was conducted. Four mutagenic treatments (Ultraviolet rays, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, Ethidium bromide and 5'-Bromouracil) yielded 30 putative mutants. Seven mutants were identified on the basis of growth and enzymes studies. Molecular characterization of the seven selected mutant strains was conducted using RAPD technique. A set of 14 primers were used for molecular characterization of mutants along with the parent. Out of these only 6 primers resulted gave distinct amplification products. Six primers yielded 68 scorable bands ranging from 40bp to 280bp. No two genotypes showed 100% similarity between them. Maximum similarity coefficient of value 0.897 was obtained between CMN-9 and CMB-4. Minimum similarity coefficient (0.617) was found between CMU-5 and CMN-11. Similarity coefficient of Ci-3 ranged from 0.706 for CMN-3 to 0.794 for CMU-2.


Post-industrial waste dumps are characteristic signs of mining activities in the European coal basins and ore-exploitation areas. These objects after successful reclamation as well as recovery of secondary resources may be regarded as geotourist attractions. There are three types of coal mining dumping grounds: conical, tabular and landscape dumps. There are many examples of successful reclamation of landscape dumping grounds, which are used as sport, recreation, construction and culture areas. In the paper there are presented different ways of reclamation and managing of post-industrial dumping grounds, exemplified on chosen European mining regions. There are given examples of positive experiences in complex reclamation of dumping grounds in western European regions, which can be used in central and eastern European countries. There is described a problem of recovery of secondary resources from waste material. In many old dumps the content of coal particles or metals may reach over 10%. It is economically and ecologically justified to recover these materials and provide complex management of dumping grounds, consisting of recovery and reclamation processes.


Ilzstorical Note.-The nse of ice in thermometry to furnish a standard ternpel'ature natnrally suggests the availability of ice to fix the tempemture of a standard of length when used in laboratory cOll1pal'isons or in measuring base lines It does not appear, however, that ice has been generally used even in laboratory work with stalldal'ds of length,t and I am not aware that any attempt has been made hitherto to measure a base with a bar whose temperature is controlled by meam; of melting ice. The feasibility of llsing such an apparatus in base measurement has, nevertheless, been suggested and maintained by several persons. One of the first, if not the iil'st, to outline a scheme for such all apparatns is, I believe, Mr. E. S. Wheeler, a former colleague on the U. S. Lake Survey. Mr. Wheeler's plan is advocated by Professor T. W. Wright in his treatise on the Adjustment of Observations.:!: The.latc Cap· tain O. O. Boutelle of the U. S. Ooast and Geodetic Survey also advocated the use of such apparatus. Soon after joining the U. S. Qoast and Geodetic Survey in July, 1890, I was requested by Dr. Mendenhall, Superintendent, to devise meaIlS of testing in the most thorough way


In this contribution a broadband biquad antenna array for DOA applications is investigated. Simulation and measurement results of the single broadband biquad antenna element and results of antenna array configurations for vertical polarisation, horizontal polarisation or polarisation independant direction of arrival estimation using different algorithms are shown.


Objective: In Tunisia, a total confinement was imposed from March 20 until May 4, 2020. The aim of our work was to assess the impact of this 2-month confinement on the clinical and biological profile of diabetic patients hospitalized in diabetology. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study that involved 110 diabetic patients hospitalized in department A of the National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis (Tunisia) from June 1 until June 30, 2020. Results : The mean age of the patients was 49.72±11.99years with ranges ranging from 16 to 77 years old;63.6% of patients were female and 73.6% of patients were type 2. The average duration of diabetes was 11.53±8.62years, with extremes ranging from 0to24 years. The mean level of glycated hemoglobin was 12.03±3.97% and the Body-Mass-Index was 29.44kg/m² with extremes ranging from 16.26to40.19kg/m². Weight gain was reported in 73% of patients with an average of 4.77±1.98kg within 2 months of confinement, with extremes ranging from 2to11kg. Two patients (1.8%) were hospitalized for inaugural diabetic ketosis. The others were admitted for an imbalance(81.8%) or an acute decompensation of their diabetes(16.4%). The factors of imbalance or decompensation were: a poor compliance with hygienic-dietetic measures(90.9%);a medication poor compliance(41.8%), more than half of which(54.3%) was due to the inability of the patient to go to the local health center to obtain his medication;lipodystrophies(42.7% of patients on insulin);a stomatological infection(8.2%);an urinary tract infection(4.5%) and an acute coronary syndrome(0.9%). Conclusions : The diabetic patient is at high risk of a severe form of Covid-19. However, the confinement imposed by the pandemic seems to be one of the factors of diabetes imbalance (in particular by weight gain and poor adherence to therapy). It is therefore essential to strengthen the education and treatment of diabetic patients.


In this final degree project, we intend to design a module that acts as a communications gateway via Modbus / RS485 and radio frequency oriented to the internet of things and destined to expand the equipment of the company Datakorum. This study and design is motivated by the cost savings of a wired installation and the saving of multiple mobile data rates that, depending on the cases, may not be needed. The development of the project consists of definition of requirements observing real installations, study of radiofrequency and integration technologies and their choice, and finally the development of a prototype able to meet the defined requirements. Both at the level of physical specifications and the ability to integrate with the Datakorum equipment and the IoT and cloud services offered by it. To close the work, future lines of development and professionalization to which the final product is destined will be defined.


The emergence of online social networks influences people in various ways and moreover, the effect is predicted to be high on the young adolescents wherein we find that target group who is more exposed themselves to the online social media. It is believed that the social networks such as online brand communities influence the purchase intentions and in turn enhances brand trust and loyalty. Taking the perspective of the brand community building plus the brand trust and loyalty literatures, our goal is to show how brand communities based on social media influence elements of the customer centric model (i.e., the relationships among focal customer and brand, product, company, and other customers) and brand loyalty. A survey-based empirical study with 441 respondents was conducted. The results of structural equation modeling show that brand communities on social media have positive effects on customer/product, customer/brand, customer/company and customer/other customer relationships, which in turn have positive impact on brand trust and trust has positive impact on brand loyalty. The finding also demonstrates the fully mediating role of brand trust in converting the enhanced relationships in brand community and loyalty. I. Introduction Since the internet and other media have been adopted and integrated into the daily lives of an increasing number of young adolescents in most of the countries, scholars and commentators are debating the impact of these new media on the activities, social relationships, and worldviews of the younger generations. Controversies about whether technology shapes values, attitudes, and patterns of social behavior are not new. In the recent past, the rapid expansion of television stimulated similar discussions of its cultural and social effects. Social media provide a virtual network place where people can enjoy expressing their opinions, exchange opinions, disseminate and control messages anywhere anytime. Marketers are now able to reach consumers and interact with them using social media. Previous studies have found that consumers tend to trust more user- generated messages, such as peer recommendations or consumer reviews, on social media than messages from traditional mass media. Consumers" comments about a product on social media produce a negative or positive brand buzz and the virtual messages affect consumer purchasing decisions. How seriously should marketers think about social media effects in marketing practices? "Social media is no longer a trend for marketers: It is a reality" (Williamson, 2010). Social media is an inevitable channel for customer support (Jacobs, 2009). Even though social media has been recognized as the most potentially powerful medium, there is lack of understanding in terms of why people use social media and how they perceive marketing messages on social media.


A magnetic transmission coupler comprises an internal magnetic rotor and an external magnetic rotor. In the internal magnetic rotor, an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator I and an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator II are combined by an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet I, an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator III and an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator IV are combined by an internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet II, and all internal magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolators are combined by a combined pull-push magnetic path magnet II and a combined pull-push magnetic path magnetizer II; the internal magnetic rotor has a combined pull-push magnetic path circumferential magnetic isolator II; in the external magnetic rotor, an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet I and an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet II are combined by an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator I, an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet III and an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnet IV are combined by an external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolator II, and all external magnetic rotor suspension magnetic path magnetic isolators are combined by a combined pull-push magnetic path magnet I and a combined pull-push magnetic path magnetizer I; and the external magnetic rotor has a combined pull-push magnetic path circumferential magnetic isolator I. According to the invention, a movement inertia force caused by the weight of magnetic force drive and an unbalanced force caused by installation errors are mutually decomposed, and unbalanced forces caused by radial installation errors and instable magnetic material performances can be stabilized and balanced by suspension magnetic paths.


Gerogak District, Buleleng Regency with several temples scattered along the coastline, making it a good place or destination for spiritual tourism. Spiritual tourism is the oldest type of tourism. Spiritual tourism began to be developed by the Buleleng Regency government. Gerogak District has also begun to develop spiritual tourism. The purpose of this study was to explore the readiness of Gerogak District, especially comrades Pulaki, as a spiritual tourism destination. Data were collected from Hindu tour guides. This research shows that Pulaki Temple, and several surrounding temples with spiritual activities can be developed as spiritual tourism destinations. Based on the existence of these temples, tour guides are asked to identify the readiness of these temples as spiritual tourism destinations. The results show that the Pulaki area in Gerogak District is ready to become a spiritual tourism destination because of the existence of temples around it. The temples are equipped with a community hall as a place to meet or discuss spiritual matters. The community hall is also a place to meditate, rest or spend the night.


Future wireless communication systems will be characterised by an integration of different access technologies. Such systems will feature a user-friendly coordination of the complementary access technologies to access personalized services in a seamless manner via the currently most suitable access. Efficient resource management will provide cost effective bandwidth. These systems need a flow-control functionality to select always the best suitable access system for a certain traffic flow in different environments. This paper lists requirements and describes a flow control functionality that controls the forwarding of individual traffic flows over different access systems in a multi-access scenario. In addition, examples are presented and discussed as to how this advanced multimedia flow-control can be embedded both in a co-operative and in an integrated multi-access system architecture, providing thereby guidelines for standardization and future products.


We developed a fast and robust head pose and gaze estimation system. This system can detect facial feature points and estimate 3D pose angles and gaze direction in various conditions including changes in facial expression, partial occlusion, etc. The system needs only one face image as input and doesn't need any special devices such as blinking LED or stereo camera. Moreover, no calibration process is needed. It shows 95% of head pose estimation accuracy and 81% of gaze estimation accuracy (when the error margin is 15 degrees). The processing time is approximately 15ms/frame (Pentium4 3.2 GHz). Acceptable range of facial pose is within +/- 60 degrees in yaw (left-right) and within +/- 30 degrees in pitch (up-down).


This study proposes a novel approach to derive the mining-induced goaf deformation, named the fully refined deformation extraction method (FRDEM). In this method, the probability integral method (PIM) and the small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technique are geographically integrated in a low-cost way to derive the fully refined goaf deformation and, therefore, to improve the detection ability for mining subsidence with fast deformation rate and large gradient. To achieve this, we first established a functional relationship model to connect the 3-D parameters of PIM with SBAS-InSAR. Then, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) was presented for parameter inversion, and thus, the optimal parameter set for PIM and the predicted displacements of the mining goaf was achieved economically. Afterward, we developed a geographically weighted data fusion model by presenting a data fusion strategy to eliminate the spatial heterogeneity in goaf boundary areas, and the fully refined goaf deformation field for the working face 2302 in the Guotun coal mining area was finally derived. Results demonstrate that FRDEM-derived displacements are highly consistent with field measurements, with root-mean-square error (RMSE) decreasing to 0.053, 0.057, and 0.044 m, respectively, for the entire goaf, goaf center, and goaf boundary field, compared with those of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.092, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.095, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.084 m for PIM and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.578, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.696, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.046 m for SBAS-InSAR, respectively. This implies that the proposed FRDEM has significantly improved the detection ability in deriving the mining-induced deformation and, thus, can be a very promising tool to forecast and evaluate potential geohazards in the coal mining area.


Objective To discuss the methods of the operative treatment for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD). Methods From December 2002 to June 2005, 8 cases of PTTD were treated with operations, including 2 males and 6 females with an average age of 47 years (range, 36 to 56 years). Left side was involved in 6 cases, and right side was affected in 2 cases. Stage Ⅱposterior tibial tendon dysfunction were 2 feet and stage Ⅲ were 6 feet. Every case with special operative treatment, for instance lateral column lengthening, arthrodesis, repair posterior tibial tendon, spring ligament reefing, flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer and so on. Every bone operation was combined with one or more than one sofe tissue operation. Anterior transfer and strengthening of posterior tibial tendon were performed in 4 cases, spring ligament reefing in 2 cases, flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer in 4 cases. All patients were fixed with plaster cast at inversion position for 4-6 weeks, then changed to plaster splint fixing at neutral position for 4 weeks. Functions of ankle and foot were evaluated before and after operation. Results All patients were followed up for an average of 28 months(range, 12 to 40 months). According to Maryland foot score, 2 were fair and 6 were failure in preoperative, 4 were excellent, 3 were good and 1 was fair in postoperative. The total excellent and good rate was 87.5%. The specific index of X-ray improve obviously(P 0.01). The height arch increased average 8 mm, the lateral talocalcaneal angle decreased 14°, the AP talocalcaneal angle decreased 12°, the lateral talar-1st metatarsal angle decreased 17°, the calcaneal inclination angle increased 11° and the talonavicular coverage angle decreased 6°. Conclusion The surgical treatment for PTTD should combine with special bone and soft tissues operation.


The issue of healthcare assistants (HCAs) delivering influenza vaccinations is a contentious one - some believe it should only be administered by registered practitioners while others argue that with appropriate experience, training and supervision, it is a role that can be delegated to the HCA. The Health Protection Agency (HPA) argues that those who administer the flu vaccine 'should', not 'must' be registered (HPA, 2005) while the Working in Partnership Programme (WiPP) has developed resources for general practices to enable HCAs to deliver it safely (WiPP, 2008). The key issue that must be addressed when delegating the flu vaccine to competent HCAs is that they must follow a strict protocol and Named Patient Group Direction before administering it. This article explains the process of developing and training HCAs to administer the flu vaccine, with a specific focus on a programme running in Leicestershire.


The rising partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in oceanic water, termed ocean acidification, is an impending threat to marine life and has previously been reported to affect several aspects of fish behaviour. We evaluated the behavioural response to a simulated avian predator attack and lateralisation in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) after 10 and 20 days of exposure to present day pCO2 (400μatm) or elevated pCO2 (1000μatm). We show that elevated pCO2 lead to reduced behavioural lateralisation. However, no major differences in the sheltering response after an overhead avian attack were observed; fish from both treatments exhibited similar and strong responses. Compared with fish exposed to high pCO2, the control fish took longer time to freeze (i.e. stop moving) after attack at Day 20 but not Day 10. The freezing duration was significantly reduced between Day 10 and Day 20 in elevated pCO2, whereas no such reduction was observed in the control-group. However, no significant differences between treatment groups were detected at Day 20. These results demonstrate that behaviour is indeed altered by high CO2 levels, although the general responses to avian predation stimuli remain similar to those of unexposed fish, indicating that some predator avoidance behaviours of three-spined sticklebacks are robust to environmental disturbance.


EUROFER97 steel plates for nuclear fusion applications are usually manufactured by hot rolling and subsequent heat treatments: (1) austenitization at 980 °C for 30 min, (2) rapid cooling and (3) tempering at 760 °C for 90 min. An extended experimental campaign was carried out with the scope of improving the strength of the steel without a loss of ductility. Forty groups of samples were prepared by combining cold rolling with five cold reduction ratios (20, 40, 50, 60 and 80%) and heat treatments at eight different temperatures in the range 400–750 °C (steps of 50 °C). This work reports preliminary results regarding the microstructure and mechanical properties of all the cold-rolled samples and the effects of heat treatments on the samples deformed with the greater CR ratio (80%). The strength of deformed samples decreased as heat treatment temperature increased and the change was more pronounced in the samples cold-rolled with greater CR ratios. After heat treatments at temperature up to 600 °C yield stress (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of samples deformed with CR ratio of 80% were significantly larger than those of standard EUROFER97 but ductility was lower. On the contrary, the treatment at 650 °C produced a fully recrystallized structure with sub-micrometric grains which guarantees higher strength and comparable ductility. The work demonstrated that EUROFER97 steel can be strengthened without compromising its ductility; the most effective process parameters will be identified by completing the analyses on all the prepared samples.


This paper is an update of the use of empirical estimates made in 1974 using the minimum requirements technique to approximate the percentage of the labor force which would be expected to be employed in each sector of a region's economy depending on its population. This new analysis uses 1980 census figures and discusses current views to using these estimates for approximating the regional trade or income multiplier.


Although most investigators accept the fact that "high power density" of microwaves can result in pathophysiological manifestations of a thermal nature, some reports have suggested that "low power density" microwave (MW) energy can affect neural and immunologic function in animals and man. Most of these reports have emanated from the USSR and other Eastern European countries. Since most reported "low-level" effects relate to behavioral and central nervous system changes, studies are needed to determine the nature and mechanism(s) of the nervous system's reactions, if any, to electromagnetic fields and to investigate the degree to which the individual's performance capabilities may be affected. Because of their important integrative and regulatory functions, the neuroendocrine and central nervous system should receive attention as possible sensitive areas. Neurochemical assays and immunologic reactivity could indicate basic mechanisms of interaction. A critical review of studies into the biological effects of MW's indicates that many of the investigations suffer from inadequacies of either technical facilities and energy measurement skills or insufficient control of the biological specimens and the criteria for biological change. There is a great need for systematic and quantitative comparative investigations, using well-controlled experiments. This should be done by using sound biomedical and biophysical approaches at the various organizational levels from the whole animal to the subcellular level on an integrated basis, with full recognition of the multiple associated and interdependent variables. Above all there is a need for scientific competence and integrity. It is important to maintain a proper perspective and assess realistically the biomedical effects of microwave exposure, so that the worker or general public will not be unduly exposed nor will research, development and benficial utilization of this energy be hampered or unecessarily restricted.


Al/Ni multi‐layers, deposited by magnetron sputtering at room temperature have been studied by complementary techniques; XPS, sputter depth profiling, electron‐induced X‐ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). XPS depth profile technique evidenced an atomic diffusion dominated by Ni atoms. Moreover, the Ni diffusion results in the formation of an amorphous phase with a stoichiometry close to the Al3Ni aluminide. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Rothwell, Clayton. M.S., Department of Psychology, Wright State University, 2014. Multi-Sensory Integration in Motion Perception: Do Moving Sounds Facilitate/Interfere with Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements?. Previous experiments have attempted to measure smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) to acoustic targets with limited success. Some studies found no evidence for SPEM (Gauthier and Hofferer, 1967; Schaefer et al., 1981; Boucher et al., 2004; Berryhill et al., 2006) and other studies found only a sub-set of subjects could produce SPEM, which was poor in quality (Krukowski et al., 2001; Hashiba et al., 1996; Cloninger et al., 2013, 2014). These findings are despite evidence of auditory motion perception and an auditory motion aftereffect in the psychoacoustic literature (Carlile and Best, 2002; Dong et al., 2000). This thesis explored a multi-modal question, whether sounds can facilitate or interfere with pursuit of a visual target by moving congruent with or incongruent with linear visual motion, and did so using high-fidelity eye tracking that allowed for examination of the main pursuit characteristics: latency, open-loop acceleration, open-loop peak acceleration, steady-state gain (i.e., eye velocity/ target velocity), and number of "catch-up" saccades. Results showed evidence of facilitation in some characteristics (open-loop peak acceleration) but no evidence of interference, possibly due to the strength of the visual stimulus.


This paper discusses the detailed models of partial, bipartial and part linear structural equation, basing on the conditional variance covariance matrices, and gives concrete algorithms to estimate param eters by the maximum likelihood method and the generalized least square method. An illustration is provided to show how to approach the models.


This study is aimed at defining the boundary and internal structure of the Novarupta vent area, the source of the 1912 Katmai eruption. A geodetic grid consisting of 145 stations was occupied for gravity and magnetic measurements and an aeromagnetic survey was flown at 1100 m above sea level. The combined gravity and magnetic data indicate that there are probably two intrusive bodies within the vent, not just one at Novarupta, as was previously thought. The outline of the overall vent at the surface is well defined by the aeromagnetic survey, and the vent appears to dip inwards indicating that it flares from depth. This is in contrast to the piston-like collapse thought to have taken place at Mt. Katmai in 1912.


Summary This article is the first edition of two papyri with demotic script (pUtrecht, University Library, Demotic Ms. B6.7a and d+e, shortened pUtrecht, Dem. Ms. B6.7a and pUtrecht, Dem. Ms. B6.7d+e), which today are part of the collection of the University Library in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Due to palaeography and content, the fragments' origin can be traced back to Soknopaiou Nesos. Both texts are of documentary content; one is concerned with the sale of a house share, the other is a receipt of a transaction involving wheat.


This research aims to identify the design of information systems of outpatient medical record completeness by V-Model Method.Research methods used is qualitative method with descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used are by of observation, interviews, and the study of the literature. A method of software development model used the V-Model. From this research  found a problems there are still many unfilled outpatient medical record files,  Input of the data is not optimal which is occured of many errors and many delays in delivery reports frequently.Therefore, there are  some suggestion that is  given to resolve the problems in the system of the completeness of  medical record file  providing the socialisation on the importance of filling the medical record completely and Creating the information systems which are integrate and effective more.


Abstract : Systems of linear first-order recurrence relations, as well as higher-order scalar recurrence relations, are analyzed with respect to numerical stability. Examples of severe numerical instability are presented involving scalar first- and second-order recurrence relations. Devices for counteracting instability are indicated. (Author)


Accumulating evidence suggests a dual role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) in regulating the activity of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), which has long been associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. By forming a complex with pro‐MMP‐2 and its cell surface activator MMP‐14, TIMP‐2 can either induce or restrain MMP‐2 activation. Our recent work has shown that breast cancer cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells activates endothelial MMP‐2. The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism and its potential impact on endothelial barrier function and transendothelial migration. We found that MMP‐14 was expressed in both breast cancer cells (MDA‐231) and lung microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVEC‐L), whereas TIMP‐2 was exclusively expressed in cancer cells. Importantly, the tumor cell‐derived TIMP‐2 was identified as a major determinant of MMP‐2 activation during tumor cell transmigration in the presence of MMP‐14. This response was associated with endothelial barrier dysfunction, as evidenced by a significant decrease in transendothelial electric resistance and endothelial cell‐cell junction disruption. These findings suggest a cooperative mechanism between metastatic breast cancer cells and microvascular endothelial cells in promoting MMP‐2 activation and tumor cell transmigration. NIH grants HL61507, HL70753, HL73324, HL84852


In March 2009, the RAND Frederick S. Pardee Center for Longer Range Global Policy and the Future Human Condition hosted a workshop called "Shaping Tomorrow Today: Near-Term Steps Towards Long-Term Goals." These proceedings summarize the two days of the workshop, which focused on education, international policy, and climate change, and include the papers written for workshop participants.


Primary hyperparathyroidism and malignant diseases are the most frequent causes of hypercalcemia. Cases in which hypercalcemia is due to both these diseases have been included in a few reports. Fourty six year old woman was admitted for malignant hypercaelcemia of 166mg/l, the diagnosis was primary hyperparathyroidism. Multiple myeloma was also suspected given the pancytopenia on the cell blood count associated to hypercalcemia. Urine immunoelectrophoresis indicated Bence Jones protein (L type) and bone marrow biopsy showed mildly hypercellular bone marrow with plasmacytosis (30%). A parathyroidectomy was initially indicated as the first etiological treatment of the hypercalcemia. The patient was referred in a second time to the department of oncology, for a specialized treatment of multiple myeloma. In this paper we have discussed this rare phenomenon. We have also provided a review of the scientific literature published on codiagnosis of of Multiple Myeloma(MM) and Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).


Abstract : The first phase of an engineering flight evaluation of operator performance with a Helmet-Mounted Sight/Display system has been completed. A total of 22 flights were conducted during which subjects utilized a helmet-mounted sight to control the pointing direction of a gimballed television camera and a helmet-mounted display to view the picture from the TV camera. Particular attention was paid to any indication of disorientation or discomfort attributable to the helmet-mounted equipment. No significant effect was noted. Secondary investigations considered the effect of servo dynamics in the TV camera system, angular motion limits in the pointing system, display field for view, display brightness, and environmental factors including target complexity and contrast, ambient brightness, and atmospheric haze. Interaction between the ambient scene viewed directly and through the combining glass of the helmet display caused no difficulty during the experiment. A second phase of this study considered the potential for inducing vertigo through the use of helmet-mounted equipment. The test plan and preliminary results for this experiment are presented in an appendix to this report. A detailed report on Phase II will be issued later. (Author)


We introduce two complementary feature extraction methods for shape similarity based retrieval of 3D object models. The proposed methods lead us to achieve effectiveness and robustness in searching similar 3D models, and eventually support two essential query modes, namely, query by 3D model and query by 2D image. Our feature extraction scheme is inspired by the observation of human behavior in recognizing 3D objects. The process of extracting spatial arrangement from a 3D object can be considered as using human tactile sensation without visual information. On the other hand, the process of extracting 2D features from multiple views can be considered as examining an object by moving the viewing points (or camera positions). We propose a hybrid method of 3D model identification by object-centered feature extraction, which utilizes the Extended Gaussian Image (EGI) surface normal distribution and distance distributions between object surface points and origin. Another technique need in parallel is a hybrid ...


Spin is an important component of figure skating, one of the most elegant events in the Winter Olympic Games. It is always presented as an example of the conservation of angular momentum in mechanics textbooks. However, the physics behind it in the actual operation is not that simple. Herein, we analyzed videos of an elite figure skater with open source video analysis. The moments of inertia of her body in six different layback positions were obtained. The average ice resistance during her spin was found to be about 26N and was put into consideration in the following calculation. Twenty-two different layback spins that score the same basic value were discussed. The initial angular momentum a skater needs when executing a spin is considered to be the largest contributor to its difficulty; the suggested easiest spin among the 22 was thus found by comparing their initial angular momentum. This paper presents a strategy that may help figure skaters achieve a high-scored layback spin efficiently, and the process itself will be an inspiring example of applying theory to practice for physics students.


The process of urban regeneration is a comprehensive approach, which seeks to bring about enduring and sustainable improvement in the economic, physical, social and environmental conditions of an area that has been subjected to deterioration. It needs a thorough understanding of the dynamics of change in the area. The present article intends to explore the strengths and potentials of the study area and its surroundings, and thereby devise policy guidelines to eradicate the deficiencies. Indian cities are multicultural and vibrant and each city presents a unique situation that needs to be assessed in its own historical and cultural context. For instance, in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala, festivals, arts and crafts play an integral role. The Thiruvananthapuram historic fort with the magnificent temple and palace complexes, and its adjacent commercial zone of Chala, continues to be the hub of the city. Despite its central location, pedestrian scale and an active community of artisans, the living/working conditions of Chala have worsened over the past few decades. This technical article takes a holistic approach towards the regeneration of Chala, thereby providing a sound framework for collateral investment and user participation. The proposals are based on a careful assessment of available opportunities, compatible programmes and possibilities for joint mobilization of various stakeholders and public– private partnership. With a dedicated project management structure along with community participation and coordination, such proposals, if implemented, will hopefully ensure sustainable regeneration of the area.


ABSTRACT The oil of Caryocar villosum is used in Amazonian folk medicine to treat pain and inflammatory conditions. So, we assessed the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of the ethanolic extract obtained from the fruit peels of this species. The acetic acid-induced writhing, carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, formalin, carrageenan-induced paw edema and carrageenan-induced peritonitis tests were used on mice. The C. villosum ethanolic extract significantly inhibited the number of abdominal writhes, mechanical hyperalgesia and paw licking time in the second phase of the formalin test. At a dose of 300 mg kg-1, the extract also significantly reduced the volume of edema formed in the late phase and reduced the recruitment of leukocytes and neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity, as well as CXCL1 chemokine levels. It is suggested that the extract attenuates the leukocyte recruitment by inhibiting the CXCL1 activation. The peripheral antinociceptive activity occured through opioid pathway modulation because pretreatment with C. villosum ethanolic extract reversed the naltrexone-induced antinociception.


Simulation is a very useful tool for predicting supply chain performance. There is a need for standard simulation elements to represent the activities in a supply chain. This paper describes a novel supply chain simulation framework that follows the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model. We use this framework to build simulation models that integrate discrete event simulation and spreadsheets. The simulation models are hierarchical and use submodels that capture activities specific to supply chains. We also describe a study that used this framework to analyse the impact of rescheduling frequency on the supply chain performance.


We proposed and developed simultaneous activation process of multiple ONU by employing a tone-assisted AMCC signal superimposition, and successfully demonstrated the lower probability of ONU collisions in point-to-point WDM system for 5G mobile fronthaul.


Testicular metastasis is rare, with prostate cancer followed by lung cancer being the commonest primary site. Usually these are incidentally detected and are rarely symptomatic. We present an unusual case of adenocarcinoma lung, presenting initially with right testicular pain. Further workup with F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated primary malignancy of the left lung with nodal and right testicular metastasis.


The global distribution and variations of the monthly mesopause temperature are presented during 2002–2019 covering the latitudes of 83°S to 83°N based on Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) observations. To investigate the long‐term trend and solar response of the mesopause temperature, a three‐component harmonic fit is first applied to remove the seasonal variation from the monthly temperature data series. Then a multiple linear regression model is performed to residual temperatures versus constant, linear trend, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity terms. In this study, the mesopause temperature shows a cooling trend through all latitudes ranging from ~0 to −0.14 K/year with a mean of −0.075 ± 0.043 K/year. The cooling trends in the Southern Hemisphere are stronger than those in the Northern Hemisphere. For high latitudes (60–80°), significant negative trends can be observed during nonsummertime, while no significant trends are found for summertime. The mesopause temperature shows apparent positive responses to solar activity through all latitudes ranging from 3.03 to 4.80 K per 100 solar flux units (sfu) with a mean of 3.99 ± 0.49 K per 100 sfu, which is more significant and stable in the Northern Hemisphere. There is a pronounced drop for mesopause height at polar latitudes, which reflects the shrinking effect at lower altitudes mainly caused by greenhouse gas cooling. We show that the length of the time interval analyzed strongly influences the results. Our results, obtained from 18‐year SABER observations, are expected to be a robust measure of the mesopause temperature variability.


Iron-based electrodes have attracted great attention for sodium storage because of the distinct cost effec- tiveness. However, exploring suitable iron-based electrodes with high power density and long duration remains a big challenge. Herein, a spray-drying strategy is adopted to construct graphene-coated nanograins in a 3D graphene microsphere network. The unique structural and composi- tional advantages endow these electrodes to exhibit outstanding electrochemical properties with remarkable rate performance and long cycle life. Mechanism analyses further explain the outstanding electrochemical properties from the structural aspect. 2020


Based on current studies of buckling-restrained braces(BRB) in literatures and the experimental researches done by authors,the influencing parameters on the performance of BRB were studied.According to the FEMA450 and the Chinese design code,the design suggestions for BRB were put forward in this paper,including:(1) BRB sketch in the structures;(2) stability requirements of BRB to ensure the strength development of the steel core,(3) flexural strength and splitting tensile strength requirements of the restraining part of BRB,and design method to determine the reinforcement for the restraining RC part or the steel tube for the restraining CFT part;(4) details of BRB,including the unbonded layer,the gap between steel core and restraining part,the connection of BRB to the structures.Finally the design procedures of BRB were presented.


Background: Arterial Hypertension (AH) is an aggravating condition for Metabolic Syndrome (MS), as well as being aggravated by it. Menopause can make hypertension treatment more difficult, as it favors the worsening of MS components. Although there is evidence that exercise training reduces blood pressure, whether menopause and SM affect the exercise-induced benefits is yet to be elucidated.


This work discusses the results and the methodology used for modeling the control dynamic of two DG Distributed Generation technologies: micro turbine and photovoltaic. The models were developed from laboratory tests results using black box models and classical control theory. In the laboratory test setup the sources were connected between them and with resistive electrical loads by a switch and a measurement system. Different operational test conditions were executed and the models were validated for these conditions. Simulations results were compared with laboratory results and the models validated by the multiple correlation coefficient. The aim of this work is to show a methodology that may be used for modeling the dynamics of these DG technologies from basic datasheet information and current and voltage signals acquired at access system points, when specific information about the controllers of DG sources and electronic converters it is not available. This models could be used for evaluates the DG impacts in the stability and protection of electrical distribution conventional systems.


Research on documentary sources focused on detection and reconstruction of climatic data and extreme meteorological events is an activity with notable tradition on palaeoclimatic discipline. Historical climatology offers a good source of climatic and environmental proxy-data. This information covers past centuries establishing good overlapping with instrumental data availability period. Best qualities of historical information are a high temporal resolution, an exact and reliable datation, and complementary information related to environmental and human impacts.


Organic field-effect transistors have received increased attention because of their unique properties such as low cost and large-area production. Among the organic field-effect transistors, donor-π-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers show outstanding advantages such as material design flexibility and solution processability. Herein, a series of pyromellitic diimide-based donor-acceptor conjugated polymers (PPMDI-nT) with different donor/acceptor ratios were developed. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties were fully investigated. Furthermore, the organic field-effect transistors based on PPMDI-nT were fabricated through a solution process. PPMDI-1T is an n-type semiconductor, whereas the other polymers exhibit typical ambipolar transport behaviors. As the donor/acceptor ratios increased, the electron mobilities stayed almost the same, but the hole mobilities increased dramatically. Thus the charge-transport properties of these polymers could be tuned accordingly.


Clinical significance is a crucial element in the diagnosis of mental illness, yet, it is practically untheorised and significantly under-researched. This article takes up the question of how the criterion of clinical significance is translated into psychiatric practice. More particularly, it examines how psychiatrists account for the threshold between health and depression. The paper is anchored in the constructionist view of discourse underpinned by the assumptions of critically oriented discourse analysis. It is based upon a convenience sample of 39 semi-structured interviews with specialistpsychiatrists in south-western Poland. There is no discursive space for clinical significance in psychiatrists' accounts. There is no boundary, no decision to be taken as to whether the symptoms are clinically significant. Depression, invariably constructed in terms of diagnostic criteria, is always represented as fully developed, appearing out of thin air, with no period of falling ill. The article raises the issue of the validity and usefulness of psychiatric diagnosis.


The direction of land use functions aims to achieve a balance between land capability and the type of use and technology used as an effort to protect the continuity of the functions and benefits of natural resources in an area. The study was purposed to determine the direction of land use in the upstream watersheds (DAS) Pemali and


2-dimensional slab photonic crystals provide in-plane light guiding, but light is weakly coupled to eigenmodes. In contrast, planar plasmonic crystals efficiently couple light to quasiguided modes, but they suffer strong dissipation. To take advantages of both we designed hybrid architectures consisting of photonic and plasmonic crystals [1]. Various types of light-matter interaction were realized by controlling the hybrid topology.


Interest and awareness to take care of dental and oral hygiene is upstanding. Orthodontics besides filling and extraction in the practice of dental and oral health is in use. Maintaining oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment will greatly result in good gingival health, which can be seen in the final results of orthodontic treatment.This paper outlines the knowledge of maintaining oral and dental hygiene by orthodontic users among students in Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin. This study is descriptive research. The research was conducted with a cross-sectional approach. The research took place at Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin. Sixty students became the population. The research sample was selected by Total Sampling, namely all orthodontic users, totaling 50 students.Remarkably, the knowledge of maintaining oral and dental hygiene of orthodontic users are good, that is 5 students with a percentage of 10%, fair category as many as 32 students with a percentage of 64%, and a bad category as many as 13 students or 26%.In conclusion, the knowledge of most students of Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin as the users of orthodontics is fair in maintaining dental and oral hygiene. It is expected that students will pay more attention and expand their knowledge about how to keep their teeth and mouth clean while using orthodontics in order to obtain maximum orthodontic treatment results.


The ultimate load capacity of the end panels of plate and box girders can be greatly reduced if the end posts have inadequate strength. The paper presents a theoretical solution which takes into account the strength of the end posts when calculating the ultimate load of end panels. The results of an extensive experimental study are also presented. The experimental behaviour of the test girders is compared with the theoretical prediction obtained using the new theory. This establishes that the theory is capable of predicting accurately the physical behaviour of the end panels of a plate girder. A simple method for the design of end posts is also presented. /Author/TRRL/


Abstract The Influence of electron beam on behaviors of high density polyethylene/poly(ethylene glycol)/organoclay nanocomposites has been studied. Nanocomposite compounds were prepared by melt intercalation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the combination of nanocomposite morphology. Thermal and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were studied by using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Young's modulus, tensile strength and hardness tests. The results show that at 500 KGy dose of irradiation the Young's modulus and tensile strength values have been enhanced in comparison with pure blend by cross-linking and the surface hardness of samples raises by increasing the clay content The samples with the clay content of 5 wt% in the matrix with 500KGy dose of irradiation have shown satisfactory thermal resistance. The irradiation at high levels has degraded the nanocomposites and an optimum dose must be employed to enhance their properties. The presence of poly(ethylene glycol) as a compatibilizer has improved the dispersion of clay layers into the matrix and has enhanced the mechanical properties and thermal resistance of nanocomposites. The presence of the clay in the matrix has increased the adsorption amount of xylene and toluene into the bulk of nanocomposites and the irradiation has decreased this capacity by the dose level.


Communities in real world complex networks correspond to hidden structures that are composed of nodes tightly connected among themselves and weakly connected with other nodes in the network. There are various applications of automatic community detection in computer science, medicine, machine learning, sociology, etc. In this paper, we first present the existing community detection algorithms and evaluation measures used in order to consider the algorithms effectiveness. We then report a deep comparison of the algorithms using both large scale real world complex networks and artificial networks generated from stochastic block model. We found that Louvain algorithm is consistently the best across both the measures and the networks (8 real world and many varied synthetic networks) we tested. Fast Greedy and Leading Eigenvector algorithms are also good alternatives. Moreover, compared to related work, our paper considers both more algorithms and more networks.


Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and analyse its corelation with metabolic and clinical parameters in patients admitted in HHMH & R, Shimla. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted at the HHMH & R, Shimla. 46 patients in total with a primary psychiatric diagnosis as per ICD 10 were included and assessed for metabolic syndrome. For diagnosing MetSNCEP criterion was applied. Chi-square was used for all the comparisons. Results: In our observation prevalence of MetS came out to be 39.1% and was higher in males (28.2%) in comparison with females (10.8%). Prevalence was higher innon-psychotic patients (21.7%), whereas it was lesser in psychotic patients (17.4%). In patients who were on second generation antipsychotics the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher (66%). Conclusion: 39% of the participated hospitalized patients met the criteria for MetS and they tend to have significantly higher adiposity measures, cardiovascular markers, more likely to have comorbid conditions and history of substance use.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the characteristics of elastic-plastic deformation and stress fields at the intersection of a crack front and the free surface of a three-dimensional body, referred to as corner fields.

Design/methodology/approach
The structures of elastic-plastic corner deformation field were assessed experimentally by looking at the corner border displacement and strain fields on the surface of a compact tension (CT) specimen using digital image correlation method. For assessment and verification purposes, the results were compared with the fields predicted through finite element analysis. The latter method was used further to assess the corner stress field.

Findings
The characteristics of displacement, strain and stress fields in the vicinity of a corner vertex in a finite geometry CT specimen in a strain hardening condition are independent of load and geometry. One of the distinctive features that becomes evident in this study is that the stress state at the corner vertex at θ=0° is a simple uniaxial tension.

Originality/value
This paper provides some insights on the structure of elastic-plastic corner fields that could optimistically be served as a fundamental framework towards the development of analytical solutions for elastic-plastic corner fields.


Three plant communities or assemblages of plants-the vascular plants of an oakpine forest, the lichens of that forest, and herbs of an old field-have been studied after being exposed experimentally to chronic gamma irradiation. Several kinds of changes in the communities have resulted, including: (1) in all three communities irradiation reduced community structure toward the lowest strata or growth-forms of the community; (2) dominant species replaced one another along the gradient of radiation intensity producing population curves similar to those found along natural environmental gradients; (3) significant changes in productivity occurred; (4) species-diversity decreased with increased exposure to radiation; (5) in respect to various tests used in the study, increasing community sensitivity to irradiation was in the sequence: forest lichens, old-field-herbs, forest vascular plants. Radiation effects on communities relate to evolutionary and ecological phenomena of broad interest, including nuclear volume effects on radiation sensitivity, stature and evolutionary level of plants, population processes determining community composition, and relations of communities to succession and natural environmental gradients.


The synthesis of ligands with N2S2 donor sets that include imine, an amide, thioether, thiolate moieties and their metal complexes were achieved. The new Schiff-base ligands; N-(2-((2,4-diphenyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)amino)ethyl)-2-((2-mercaptoethyl)thio)-acetamide (H2L1) and N-(2-((2,4-di-p-tolyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)amino)ethyl)-2-((2-mercaptoethyl)thio) acetamide (H2L2) were obtained from the reaction of amine precursors with 1,4-dithian-2-one in the presence of triethylamine as a base in the CHCl3 medium. Complexes of the general formula K2[M(Ln)Cl2], (where: M = Mn (II), Co(II) and Ni(II)) and [M(Ln)], (where: M = Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II); n =1-2, expect [Cu(HL2)Cl]) were isolated. The entity of ligands and complexes including their purity were confirmed using elemental microanalysis (C.H.N.S), atomic absorption (A.A), chloride content, conductivity measurement's, melting point and thermal analysis technique. The molecular structures were elucidated with FT-IR, UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility, 1H-and 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. The synthesised compounds were evaluated for their activity against bacterial strains (G+ and G-) and fungi species. The tested compounds indicated that; the ligands have not shown any antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. The Cd(II) complexes, for ligands H2L1 and H2L2, display the higher antimicrobial activity, compared with the other complexes. The H2L1 and H2L2 have not shown any activity against Candida albicans. All complexes for ligands (H2L1 and H2L2) exhibited less activity against Candida albicans, compared with other types of fungi.


The corporate governance is to make supervisor's action maximize shareholders' benefits by various incentive and restraint mechanisms. We can appraise the efficiency of corporate governance by testing the relationship between poor performance and the top executive turnover. The paper finds the supervision of board of directors, management shareholding, block-holder and control competition are the important mechanisms to restrict the top management turnover in foreign country. While government interference, shareholder expropriation and insider's controlling are the key factors in top management turnover in Chinese listed company, under the condition of economical transition.


Increasingly, Software Engineering (SE) researchers use search-based optimization techniques to solve SE problems with multiple conflicting objectives. These techniques often apply CPU-intensive evolutionary algorithms to explore generations of mutations to a population of candidate solutions. An alternative approach, proposed in this paper, is to start with a very large population and sample down to just the better solutions. We call this method "Sway", short for "the sampling way". This paper compares Sway versus state-of-the-art search-based SE tools using seven models: five software product line models; and two other software process control models (concerned with project management, effort estimation, and selection of requirements) during incremental agile development. For these models, the experiments of this paper show that Sway is competitive with corresponding state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms while requiring orders of magnitude fewer evaluations. Considering the simplicity and effectiveness of Sway, we, therefore, propose this approach as a baseline method for search-based software engineering models, especially for models that are very slow to execute.


A Ni–carbon σ-bond is formed from biscyclooctadienenickel(0) and styrene in the presence of organic acids. Homolytic cleavage of this bond gives free radicals. The mechanism of formation and disappearance of the radical-supplying species is deduced from kinetic and other data. A competing coordinated ligand insertion reaction is discussed.


Copyright is held by the author/owner. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee. Poster presented at the 15th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2019). Abstract Nowadays, most mobile devices support biometric authentication schemes like fingerprint or face unlock. However, these probabilistic mechanisms can only be activated in combination with a second alternative factor, usually knowledge-based authentication. In this paper, we show that this aspect can be exploited in a bypass attack. In this bypass attack, the attacker forces the user to "bypass" the biometric authentication by, for example, resetting the phone. This forces the user to enter an easy-to-observe passcode instead. We present the threat model and provide preliminary results of an online survey. Based on our results, we discuss potential countermeasures. We conclude that better feedback design and security-optimized fallback mechanisms can help further improve the overall security of mobile unlock mechanisms while preserving usability.


Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: Febrile neutropenia promotes renal drug excretion. Adult and pediatric patients with febrile neutropenia exhibit a lower vancomycin concentration/dose (relative to bodyweight) ratio than those with other infections. In pediatric patients, renal function relative to bodyweight varies depending on age, and vancomycin clearance is age dependent. This study aimed to analyze the effects of febrile neutropenia on the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in age-stratified pediatric patients. Methods: This retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study analyzed 112 hospitalized pediatric patients who met the selection criteria and intravenously received vancomycin at the Department of Pediatrics of the Oita University Hospital between April 2011 and October 2019. Results: The febrile neutropenia (n = 46) cohort exhibited a significantly higher estimated glomerular filtration rate than the nonfebrile neutropenia (n = 66) cohort. Compared with those in the nonfebrile neutropenia cohort, the daily vancomycin dose relative to bodyweight and vancomycin clearance were significantly higher, and the vancomycin trough concentration and vancomycin concentration/dose ratio were significantly lower in the febrile neutropenia cohort. In the age groups of 1–6 and 7–12 years, compared with those in the nonfebrile neutropenia cohort, the vancomycin concentration/dose ratio was significantly lower, and vancomycin clearance was significantly higher in the febrile neutropenia cohort. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified febrile neutropenia as the independent factor influencing vancomycin concentration/dose ratio and clearance only in pediatric patients aged 1–6 years. Conclusions: Increased initial dosage and therapeutic drug monitoring-guided dose optimization are critical for the therapeutic efficacy of vancomycin in pediatric patients with febrile neutropenia, especially in those aged 1–6 years.


In the EM-routine, the thin sections are usually attached onto round copper grids. The sections on these EM-grids are then stained either with a quite expensive automatic staining apparatus or by transporting the grids by hand from solution to solution. Here we will present a simple, inexpensive and truly reliable apparatus for staining and handling grids.


: This paper argues that philosophers of science have before them an important new task that they urgently need to take up. It is to convince the scientific community to adopt and implement a new philosophy of science that does better justice to the deeply problematic basic intellectual aims of science than that which we have at present. Problematic aims evolve with evolving knowledge, that part of philosophy of science concerned with aims and methods thus becoming an integral part of science itself. The outcome of putting this new philosophy into scientific practice would be a new kind of science, both more intellectually rigorous and one that does better justice to the best interests of humanity.


DeBakey and his team conquer aortic aneurysms in the chest, as well as occluded arteries throughout the body. The Baylor team invents and perfects new instruments and prosthetic arterial substitutes, transforming the practice of vascular surgery. With the new heart-lung machine the Houston group enthusiastically embraces open-heart surgery. The demanding Baylor surgery residency develops. DeBakey becomes a key member of the Second Hoover Commission, which helps establish the National Library of Medicine. DeBakey begins to spread the word of the new surgery by visiting centers worldwide, including in the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War.


CuO nano/micro rods were deposited on Si substrates by ion beam sputter deposition at substrate temperatures 300 °C, 350 °C, 400 °C and 450 °C. The effects of changing substrate temperature on the structural properties and surface morphology of the deposited CuO nano/micro rods were studied. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs showed that at substrate temperature of 300 °C and 350 °C, tiny nanoparticles were observed on the surface of CuO thin films and at substrate temperature of 400 °C and 450 °C, CuO nano/micro rods of lengths (100 nm to 1 μm) and diameters (25 nm to 30 nm) observed in a periodic arrangement. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that all the diffraction peaks of the samples were single-crystalline CuO corresponded to ( 1¯11 ) orientation. From the crystallographic analysis using XRD data, crystallite sizes of the samples increased (18 to 32 nm) with the increase of substrate temperature. The Micro-Raman spectroscopy investigation shows that all the Raman peaks observed were phonon modes of CuO and as the substrate temperature increased, the intensities of the Rama peaks increased. Hence, by changing substrate temperatures, it is possible to deposit high quality CuO nano/micro thin films with tunable structures, morphologies and sizes for different optoelectronic applications through ion beam sputter deposition.


The "raison d'etre" of a KIM'21 conference are the observations regarding the development of webbased information resources – incl. DIGITAL LIBRARIES, E-commerce and Portals, ICT, information management and knowledge management. Firstly: professionals of "old" and "new" disciplines don't talk to each other and they operate in still distinct, but slowly converging communities. Secondly, all communities have each other much to offer and they need each other to be able to perform more effectively. Therefore all relevant disciplines should cooperate closely and share expertise and resources to achieve the ultimate objective of serving customers independent of medium, time, place and currency in a truly interactive way. Thirdly E-Commerce (dot.com businesses) and business-to-business communications are entering the information business and are jointly


The impact of the variations in the chemical composition of higher vascular plant cuticles on their fossil record is usually not considered in paleobotanical and, more particularly, taphonomic studies. Here we address the subject with reference to the chemical characterization of insoluble cuticular matrices of a large variety of recent and fossil cuticles. The cuticles were analyzed using Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatographic techniques. Cuticular matrices of extant higher plants consist either of the biopolyester cutin, the insoluble, non-hydrolyzable polymethylenic biopolymer cutan, or a mixture of both biopolymers. In fossil cuticles an additional cuticular matrix type consisting of cutan and cutin-derived material is recognized. On the basis of the variations in their chemical composition and the different behavior of the cuticular constituents (viz., cutin and cutan) during diagenesis, it is concluded that the paleobotanical record of cuticles will be biased toward taxa originally having a significant amount of cutan in their cuticular matrix.


In this study, we compared a new combination ointment containing both calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate with betamethasone dipropionate ointment (Diprosone) and calcipotriol ointment (Daivonex) in patients with psoriasis vulgaris; 1106 patients were randomized to twice daily double-blind treatment with combination, betamethasone dipropionate or calcipotriol for 4 weeks. Patients then received twice daily calcipotriol, unblinded, for a further 4 weeks. Mean percentage change in PASI at end of the double-blind phase was -74.4 (combination group), -61.3 (betamethasone group) and -55.3 (calcipotriol group). Mean difference (95% Cl) combination-betamethasone was -13.1 (-16.9 to -9.3, p < 0.001) and for combination-calcipotriol -19.0 (-22.8 to -15.2, p <0.001). The differences in PASI were also statistically significant after 1 week. In the double-blind phase, 8.1% of patients (combination) reported lesional/ perilesional adverse reactions compared to 4.7% (betamethasone) and 12.0% (calcipotriol). In the combination group, mean PASI at the end of the double-blind phase was 2.5, and at end of the unblinded phase 3.6, compared with 3.9 and 4.1 (betamethasone) and 4.4 and 3.7 (calcipotriol). Calcipotriol/betamethasone combination is more effective and has a more rapid onset of action than either active constituent used alone, and is well tolerated. It is safe to transfer patients from combination to calcipotriol, with maintenance of clinical effect.


This paper introduces ALD Mo as a potential replacement for W and Co as the conductor for logic MOL interconnects. 10nm ALD Mo without a liner and barrier has a very good adhesion on SiO2, SiN and SiCO dielectrics with resistivity as low as 19–22 μm.cm. We demonstrate for the 1st time a liner/barrier less ALD Mo fill capability in high aspect ratio trenches down to 10nm CD and show that ALD Mo does not drift into SiO2 and SiCO.


Structural System Analysis (SSA) is a complete and accurate method for producing the information system specifications. The main artifacts of this method are a hierarchical set of data flow diagrams, data dictionary, and specification of primitive processes. Silab-MDD approach defines a process to integrate the SSA method in the whole approach by developing domain-specific languages (DSLs) for specifying Data Flow diagrams and Data Dictionaries (DataDDSL). This paper focuses on DataDDSL.


Preparations of human large granular lymphocytes (LGL), T cells, and monocytes (MC) were obtained through centrifugation on Percoll gradients and preparative E‐rosetting. The different preparations contained more than 80% of the appropriate cell type, as judged by their ability to lyse 51Cr‐labelled K562 cells, cell morphology, and the presence of cell surface structures recognized by the OKT3, OKT10, Leu 7 and OKM1 monoclonal antibodies. The protein synthesis in unstimulated and α interferon (IFN‐α)‐treated cells of the different types was studied by subjecting 35S‐methionine‐labelled cell extracts to two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. The general pattern of protein synthesis in LGL and T cells was virtually identical, whereas at least 7 major proteins were synthesized at a higher rate in monocytes. The effects of IFN‐α on the protein synthesis of LGL and T cells were identical. IFN‐α increasing the rate of synthesis of 9 proteins. These proteins were also expressed, but not always IFN‐augmentable, in monocytes. No additional, cell‐type associated, IFN‐inducible proteins were found. This suggests that the augmenting effect of IFN‐α on the cytotoxic capacity of LGL, T cells, and monocytes may be to affect common steps in their lytic machineries.


A total of 669 women and 609 men were selected from a laboratory computer data base in such a way that they would be expected to have a low prevalence of disturbances of calcium homeostasis but a wide range of serum albumin concentrations. The least squares regression coefficients of total calcium on albumin did not differ between men and women, nor did they differ at different ages. Mean serum albumin-adjusted calcium concentrations did not change with age in men from 1 to 90 years, and values were similar in women aged 1–20 years. However, adjusted calcium concentrations were significantly lower in women aged 21–50 and higher in women aged 61–90 than in younger women and all men. The differences were small and are unlikely to affect clinical interpretation.


Performance investigations were conducted on a combustor utilizing several cost-reducing innovations and designed for use in a low-cost 4448-N thrust turbojet engine for commercial light aircraft. Low-cost features included simple, air-atomizing fuel injectors; combustor liners of perforated sheet; and the use of inexpensive type 304 stainless-steel material. Combustion efficiencies at the cruise and sea-level-takeoff design points were approximately 97 and 98 percent, respectively. The combustor isothermal pressure loss was 6.3 percent at the cruise-condition diffuser inlet Mach number of 0.34. The combustor exit temperature pattern factor was less than 0.24 at both the cruise and sea-level-takeoff design points. The combustor exit average radial temperature profiles at all conditions were in very good agreement with the design profile.