Welding joint of 16MnDR steel,one kind of cryogenic steels and ZG20SiMn cast steel which owns perfect cryogenic plasticity and toughness property was prepared by gas shielded metal arc welding with flux-cored wire.Tensile test,bend test and impact test of the joints were carried out at low temperature.The result showed that all of the tensile samples tested at -40 ℃ were broken at the side of 16MnDR base metal,which meant that the strength of 16MnDR steel was lower than the weldmetal and the ZG20SiMn;Cracks longer than 3 mm were observed at the side of ZG20SiMn when side bent tests at -40 ℃ were carried to 90° angles.The values of impact tests at -40 ℃either located at weldmetal or located at HAZs of 16MnDR and ZG20SiMn were larger than 34 J,required by the code.While the impact values at heat affect zone(HAZ)of ZG20SiMn at -50 ℃ were lower than the code required. With OM and chemical composition analysis,it showed that there were suitable contents of C,Si,Mn,Ni and micro V,and the microstructure of weldmetal was fined,so that the cryogenic mechanical properties were improved.The microstructure of over heated zone in ZG20SiMn HAZ was Bainite and shrinkage porosity was found,caused to high tensile strength of ZG20SiMn and easy to crack when be bent.


Objective:Effects of the Qihuang Decoction on early type 2 diabetic nephropathy microalbuminuria.Methods:55 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into two groups at random:28 cases of the control group,routine drug therapy(including antidiabetic,antihypertensive,lipid lowering,platelet aggregation and etc.).Qihuang Decoction group 27 cases,on the basis of conventional drug therapy adding Qihuang Decoction,once daily dosing,two groups were treated for 2 months.Compared the level of two groups before and after treatment of urinary microalbuminuria,high sensitive C reactive protein,fibrinogen.Results: Compared with before treatment,two groups aftertreatment of urinary albumin decreased significantly(P0.05);After treatment in two groups of patients with no significant difference between the groups(P0.05).The high-sensitivity C reactive protein,fibrinogen level,urinary albumin excretion of Qihuang Decoction group than conventional medication group decreased obviously,Between group differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion: The Qihuang Decoction on conventional medical treatment,can effectively reduce urinary albumin,diabetic nephropathy in early stage treatment.


The PID controller has been in use for over a century in various forms. It has enjoyed popularity as a purely mechanical device, as a pneumatic device, and as an electronic device. PID stands for "proportional, integral, derivative." These three terms describe the basic elements of a PID controller. Each of these elements performs a different task and has a different effect on the functioning of a system[1]. The main aim of this research is to make a module of motor position control systems using the PID Descrete with Euler's method. PID Descrete with Euler's method
works like the accretion rate on fibonaci series. The preceding output becomes the next step to identify the output. Euler's method can work without the transfer function of a plant, because its value is changed dynamically and follow the reference of output error until set point is achieved. PID tuning parameters on the system response must be in matching with the limitations of the response system.proportional parameter serves as a positive response from the response acceleration, integral as the accumulated value of the error so that the error reduction can take place quickly, and derivative is acceleration control error for reduction it if too fast. Based on the PID tuning is achieved by looking at the nature of parameters in the PID parameters.

Keywords: PID, Set Point, Plant, Descrete, Diferensial, Euler methods.


Objective: Mediterranean lifestyle is slowly disappearing along the Croatian coast and Croatian islands were supposed to be the last part of healthy living. Unfortunately, healthcare system is poorer on islands than in other parts of Croatia. Our aim was to analyse lifestyle and hypertension (HT) treatment and control among inhabitants of the Croatian islands. Design and method: HSK was organised by the Croatian Society of Hypertension and conducted by the WG- medical students in hypertension. A screening site was set up at the boat by which students traveled from island to island. Adult volunteers were recruited through opportunistic screening on five Adriatic islands. Trained medical students collected information through an extended questionnaire. HT was defined as blood pressure (BP) > 140/90mmHg (single occasion; an average of 2nd–3rd measurement; Omron M3) and/or self-reported use of drugs for HT. Results were compared with results from the general Croatian population (EHUH 2 cohort). Results: A total of 424 participants were included (196 men, average age 61 years). There were less obese and current smokers at islands than in the general Croatian population (26.5% vs. 33.1%; 21.5% vs. 25%, respectively, p < 0.05). Islanders were more physically active (> 1 time/week), eat more frequently fish (> 1 time/week), and use more frequently olive oil (daily basis) (44.1% vs. 26%, 79.9% vs. 32.5%, 72.6% vs. 14.9 %, respectively; p < 0.01). However, there were no differences in consumption of red meat, processed meat, cookies and cakes (p > 0.05). Less hypertensive patients were treated and control was achieved in less subjects on islands than in the general population (60.7% vs. 72.9%; 27.2% vs. 39.3%, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Some elements of Mediterranean life are still present on Croatian islands. However, several poor lifestyle habits are equally present on islands and in other Croatian regions. Treatment and control of HT are poorer on islands reflecting inadequate healthcare and lack of physicians. Public health authorities should reorganize health care on islands. In the meantime, such public health actions are warranted and must continue.


The mortality of males and females increases two-fold with increasing diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from 83 to 102 mm Hg. There is a corresponding significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity. While there is a general consensus about the need for drug treatment for those patients with DBP of 100 mm Hg or more, there is a controversy as to the justification of pharmacotherapy in the DBP range of 90- 100 mm Hg


Objective: A stability indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of emtricitabine (EMT), rilpivirine (RIL), and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in combined dosage forms and its API.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on Waters ACQUITY RP-HPLC with PDA detector having Zodiac C18 Column (250×4.6×5μ) using mobile phase mixture of phosphate buffer: acetonitrile in the ratio of 40:60 v/v at 262 nm.Results: The assay was performed with tablets, and the % assay was found to be 100.104 for EMT, 99.74 for RIL, and 102.41 for TAF which shows that the method is useful for routine analysis. The linearity was found to be linear with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, which shows that the method is capable of producing good sensitivity. The retention time (RT) of EMT, RIL, and TAF using optimum conditions was found to be 2.517, 3.273, and 6.697 min. Forced degradation studies (FDS) were performed on sample using acid, base, thermal, photolytic, and peroxide degradation.Conclusion: Due to its simplicity, rapidness, high precision, and low RT value, this method was successfully applied to the estimation of EMT, RIL, and TAF combined dosage form. The drugs were found to be stable at FDS, and the net degradation was found to be within the limits.


This paper presents baseline classification models for subjectivity detection, sentiment analysis, emotion analysis, sarcasm detection, and irony detection. All models are trained on user-generated content gathered from newswires and social networking services, in three different languages: English —a high-resourced language, Maltese —a low-resourced language, and Maltese-English —a code-switched language. Traditional supervised algorithms namely, Support Vector Machines, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, and Random Forest, are used to build a baseline for each classification task, namely subjectivity, sentiment polarity, emotion, sarcasm, and irony. Baseline models are established at a monolingual (English) level and at a code-switched level (Maltese-English). Results obtained from all the classification models are presented.


Patients diagnosed with long-term conditions (LTCs) are now being asked of medical practitioners to take an active role in their own health care as "expert patients." This trend has accelerated the increase in people with LTCs who are using the internet for both information and social support. A valuable resource to these patients, and of interest to researchers, is a new type of online space: online patient communities (OPCs) created for patients suffering from specific illnesses. In order to better understand potential disempowering processes within OLPs, I follow the research and examine the illness narratives, focusing on their various external influences and the work they do within these communities. Among the findings discussed, are group norms of optimism and compliance within certain communities. OPTIMISM AND COMPLIANCE 3 Optimism and Compliance: An Examination of Disempowering Processes Within Online Patient Communities "Telling one's own story is good, but it is never inherently good, and the story is never entirely one's own" (Frank, 2009, p. 196). Toward a more comprehensive view of medical information Patients diagnosed with illness or facing surgery are provided with various information and patient education materials (PEMs) through clinics, hospitals, and other medical facilities, including online information provided by medical groups and organizations. In addition, patients also seek information about their health from nonprofessional sources. According to a Pew Research study, between 2012 and 2013, 55% of Americans searched the web for information about a specific disease or medical issue and 43% looked for information on a certain medical procedure or treatment (Fox & Duggan, 2013). In addition, 86% of internet users living with a disability or chronic illness have searched online for medical information (Fox, 2007). These results align with findings that an estimated one-half of adults in the United States suffer from at least one chronic illness (Ward, Schiller, & Goodman, 2014). With the use of the internet to access health information by people who suffer from chronic and long-term conditions growing, this trend represents a new form of patient empowerment, where patients "control the content and flow of the information available to them" (Brady, Segar, & Sanders, 2017, p. 1088). Although much research has been devoted to eHealth and online patient communities in the field of technical communication, an overwhelming majority of this research has held the traditional concerns of the field (Koeber & Still, 2008) and examined such elements as credibility markers (Freeman & Spyridakis, 2004; Thon & Jucks, 2017), information quality OPTIMISM AND COMPLIANCE 4 (Zhang, Sun, & Xie, 2015), and layout and design (Lazard & Mackert, 2015; Willerton, 2008; Renguette, 2016). Scholars within the field of technical communication have advocated for more research investigating the production and use of technical documents and communication outside traditional organizational boundaries, to explore the impact of technology on and within larger society and people's everyday lives (Bellwoar, 2012). This broader approach aims to better align the medical humanities with the rhetoric of health and medicine (RHM), while being more inclusive of the patient perspective (Edwell, Singer, & Jack, 2018; Hannah & Arduser, 2018; Meloncon & Frost, 2015; Segal, 2005, 2009; Walkup & Cannon, 2018). As Judy Segal suggests, "Researchers on writing and medicine have a role to play in making commentary on Internet health more complex, more realistic, more rounded, and more useful" (2009, p. 353). Medical advice rarely accounts for the unseen contingencies of everyday life for those living with serious illness. Engler et al. (2016) took note of a critical information gap that exists for patients: Instructions on how to live psychologically, socially and culturally with chronic illness. As stated by the researchers, "Websites on cancer often focus on biomedical information and lack information on the wider experiences and social effects of diagnosis, treatment and living with cancer, aspects that some cancer patients and their family members alike wish for more information about" (pp. 1325-1326). Critiquing the traditional biomedical approach to health information, Polls (2014) points out that for people living with serious illness, "distinctions between medical and other matters are ultimately irrelevant," as "medical practice is always a daily life practice" (p. 84). Thus, in order to better understand patient information needs and experiences with illness and treatment, researchers must step out of the sanitized lab and into the messy, digitalized world of the flat-nailed, featherless biped. Empowered patients and online patient communities OPTIMISM AND COMPLIANCE 5 Although there have been anxieties regarding lay persons accessing of health information (Lerner, 2018; Scott, 2016; Segal 2008, 2009), one thing is clear – patients will undoubtedly continue online health information seeking practices. This is especially true for those diagnosed with chronic and long-term conditions (LTCs), who are now being asked of medical practitioners to take an active role in their own health care as "expert patients." This trend has accelerated the increase in people with LTCs who are using the internet for both information and social support (Allen, Vassilev, Kennedy, & Rogers, 2016; Brady, Segar, & Sanders, 2017). One valuable resource for these patients, and of interest to researchers, is a new type of online space: communities created for patients suffering from specific illnesses. Online patient communities (OPCs) have been shown to have numerous benefits for members, including sharing technical and factual information (Albright et al., 2016; Allen et al., 2016; Coulson, Buchanan, & Aubeeluck, 2007; Uden-Kraan et al., 2008), discussing everyday topics related to illness (Albright et al., 2016; Coulson, et al., 2007; Kazmer et al., 2013; UdenKraan et al., 2008), and providing and receiving emotional support (Albright et al. 2016; Allen et al., 2016; Coulson et al., 2007; Uden-Kraan et al., 2008). Furthermore, these communities have demonstrated the ability to help create well-informed, empowered patients (Brady et al., 2017; Kazmer et al., 2013; Uden-Kraan et al., 2008). OPCs have also been shown to have a positive impact on the patient-physician relationship, increasing both trust and satisfaction with care, and making them a valuable asset to medical providers (Audrian-Pontevia, & Menvielle, 2018). Furthermore, Information exchanged within online communities is also easier for patients to comprehend because it is both tailored to personal needs and "formulated in their 'own language'" (Uden-Kraan et al., 2008, p. 408). OPTIMISM AND COMPLIANCE 6 Researchers have also shown that patient knowledge can contribute to medical science for conditions where the cause and treatment are largely unknown, as in the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Kazmer et al. (2013) showed how patients with ALS formed and distributed knowledge about living with this little-researched disease, arguing that these expert patients could contribute valuable information to the medical community. Polls (2014) also pushed the boundaries of medical evidence by asking how patient knowledge, techniques developed by patients to live with their illness on a daily basis, could be turned into science and made accessible alongside official medical and technical information. The combined research pointing to patient empowerment through online communities and forums is impressive, yet the definition of empowerment has been taken for granted. Empowerment has traditionally been contrasted with compliance, where the patient passively accepts care and treatments from the medical practitioner without any autonomy. As Wentzer and Byghold (2013) explain, patients are empowered when they "are in possession of the knowledge, skills, and self-awareness necessary to identify and attain their own goals" (p. e387). Existing research tends to measure empowerment in relation to the patient-physician relationship and acquiring knowledge to make informed decisions regarding which medical treatments or technologies to choose from. In contrast, the few studies viewing empowerment as a means for exploring alternatives to the medical script or organizing community for social action have illustrated some disempowering effects on patients. Researchers must fully consider that what is under analysis is not a stationary text, but a living, growing, and reacting social community with its own culture that naturally forms values, norms, and is provisionally shaped by the society in which the contributors live. Rodriquez OPTIMISM AND COMPLIANCE 7 (2013) has argued that the narrative discourses within these online spaces are what creates the communities themselves: For much of our history narratives were shared face to face and formed the foundation of communities based on physical place; but the possibilities for communication enabled and mediated by technology allow for communities that are unbound by geography and are more solidly based around collective interests. (p. 1225) In addition to providing the foundation for online patient communities, personal accounts of illness, or illness narratives, are necessary as a means to make sense of the illness experience to others and, most importantly, to one's self. In order to better understand potential disempowering processes that take place in online patient communities, I follow the research and examine the illness narratives, focusing on their various external influences and the work they do within these communities. Social isolation and stigmatization of the ill Participation in supportive social encounters is important for a patient's overall wellbeing and quality of life but may be critical for individuals suffering from chronic diseases (Couls


Camshaft adjuster has the problem that changes the cam shaft of an internal combustion engine in this state. Such camshaft adjuster is equipped with freely selectable locking positions on the design.


Abstract Dirt cones develop where debris has been blown on to snow and has become concentrated into numerous small patches thick enough to protect the underlying snow from ablation. These striking accumulations of dirt, separated by virtually dirt-free snow, are produced by movement (both contraction and expansion) of the snow surface during ablation. Factors controlling this movement operate in such a way that local concentrations of dirt will be produced even when initial deposition of the dirt is almost uniform. The significance of these processes in relation to the development and structure of dirt cone fields is discussed, and certain experiments and observations on dirt cones are described.


Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are used to investigate the low-temperature properties of the random anisotropy Heisenberg model, which describes the magnetic behavior of amorphous rare-earth-transition metal alloy. We show that the low-temperature phase in weak-anisotropy region is characterized by a frozen-in power-law spin-spin correlation. Numerical observation of the power-law exponent η indicates non-universal behavior.


Abstract Despite widespread and increasing use of CAL teaching programs and self‐learning materials, little serious evaluation or analysis of such systems has taken place. The consequential lack of a clear theoretical understanding of the cognitive principles involved prevents the formation of clear design criteria capable of ensuring maximal efficiency of the teaching material. This study sets out to explore three key variables which may influence the learning of statistics material: structure of presented material, mode (aural or visual) of presented material, and previous mathematical experience. Although the latter two were not found to be significant factors in learning, a detailed analysis of structure revealed many interesting results regarding its influence on the quantity and quality of student recall. Finally, the relevance of these findings to the design of learning materials is discussed.


During the first few days after weaning, pigs often experience weight loss, which may be partly due to their substitution of drinking for feeding. Using drinker devices other than the standard nipple drinker may ease piglets' transition at weaning by facilitating initiation of feeding and preventing the development of behavior problems such as belly nosing. Two experiments were run to determine the effect of drinker type on water and food intake, growth rates and belly-nosing and to determine piglets' drinker preference at two different weaning ages. In the first experiment, piglets were given one of three drinkers (standard nipple, push-lever bowl or a float bowl), and their growth and behavior was examined through two weeks. When given only the nipple drinker, piglets wasted significant amounts of water. With only the float bowl drinker, water consumption was limited due to soiled water. With only the push-lever drinker, piglets consumed adequate amounts of water and spent less time belly nosing than other piglets. There was no effect of drinker type on growth rates. In the second experiment, piglets were weaned at either 20 or 28 days of age and given access to all three drinker devices. Their preference for a drinker type and the influence of their preference on production and behavior was examined. Piglets at both weaning ages spent similar amounts of time at the nipple and pushlever drinkers during the first two days after weaning, while spending little time at the float bowl drinker. Younger weaned piglets that preferred the push-lever drinker gained more weight than those piglets that preferred the nipple drinker. Younger weaned piglets also spent more time at the push-lever drinker at days 8 and 9 after weaning than older weaned piglets. It appears that piglets are not averse to using the push-lever drinker at either weaning age, and this drinker device can minimize water wastage and behavior problems while not negatively affecting feed intake or growth rates.


Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian niversity of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Quality and Patient Safety, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science nd Technology, Trondheim, Norway


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of risk due to exposure to biological agents in the activity of wa ste collectors working in an organization dedicated to the private collection of household solid urban waste in Ecuador. The BIOGAVAL-NEO 2018 method proposed by the Instituto Valencia de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (INVASSAT) for the evaluation of biological risk in various work activities was applied. This method observes the determination of the job to be assessed, the identification of the biological agent involved, quantification of the variables determining the risk, hygiene measures adopted, calculation of the level of biological risk and interpretation of the levels of biological risk. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. From the results obtained in the present study after applying the BIOGAVAL-NEO 2018 method, it was found that the biological risk level (R) for the most common biological agents in this activity were: leptospira interrogans, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus and SARS-CoV-2, being equal to and above the biological action level (BAC), and below the biological exposure limit level (BEL). The applied BIOGAVAL-NEO 2018 quantification method is a practical and highly useful tool with priority orientation of hygienic and biosafety measures allowing to reduce the level of biological risk in collectors during the household solid urban waste collection process in Ecuador. © 2022 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.


The concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as the foundation of sustainable development of the world was built on the basis of researching the current trends of evolution of ecological tool management, studying theoretical principles of enterprise management as an ecological-economic system, practical experience of carrying out environment protection work. Target strategic landmarks, factors, limits and border conditions of their attainment and trends of implementation were identified. The specificity of this concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as the basis of sustainable development of the world means implementation of the complex plan of environment protection measures within the frames of ecological-economic policy of the enterprise (on the microlevel) and on the level of national economies (on the global level) aimed at preservation, restoration and increase in environment capital according to the level of adverse impact on nature. Fundamental provisions of the concept should be based on technologies of optimizing modeling of forecast processes and foresight thinking, which identify potentially risky phenomena and threats arising in the space and threatening life on the planet. The author's fundamental provisions of the concept of balanced interaction of society and nature as a basis of sustainable development of the world are acute not only for Russia but for national economies all over the world. The authors show hope and interest in proliferation of provisions of the given concept under the UN auspices.


In this paper we propose an energy efficient routing algorithm based on hierarchical clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs).This algorithm decreases the energy consumption of nodes and helps to increase the lifetime of sensor networks. To achieve this goal, this research network is divided into 4segments that lead to uniform energy consumption among sensor nodes. We also propose a multi-step clustering method to send and receive data from nodes to the base station. The simulation results show that our algorithm is better than existing algorithms in terms of saving energy, balancing energy dissipation and prolonging network lifetime.


In the hands of Otto Kernberg, the "Impossible profession" comes across as merely difficult and self-defeating. A harsh critic of its adherence to entrenched practices and traditional training mode...


Numerical model based optimization is made on the distribution hole of pumping station with side-inlet and then the objective function for optimization on the distribution hole is established.Through changing the type,height-wide ratio and the length of the distribution hole,their influences on the water distribution effect are respectively studied,furthermore,the optimized values for them are obtained with the comparison through the numerical modeling and the relevant conclusion for the optimization on the distribution hole is finally got as well.


Catalytic diazo decomposition of representative N-allylic-N-methyldiazoacetamides produced the corresponding intramolecular cyclopropanation products in good to excellent yields and with exceptional enantiocontrol. In the simplest case, with N-allyl-N-methyldiazoacetamide, catalysis by dirhodium(II) tetrakis[methyl 2-oxapyrrolidine-5(S)-carboxylate], Rh2(5(S)-MEPY)4, achieved the highest yield and enantioselectivity (93% ee). Dirhodium(II) tetrakis[methyl 2-oxo-1-(3-phenylpropanoyl)imidazolidin-4(S)-carboxylate], Rh2(4S)-MPPIM)4, was preferred for substituted N-allylic-N-methyldiazoacetamides from which 92−95% ee's were obtained in intramolecular cyclopropanation reactions (88−95% yields), even when the catalyst was employed in only 0.1 mol %. Competition with intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition was minimized with the use of N-methyldiazoacetamides relative to N-tert-butyldiazoacetamides.


In this work we discuss baryons and baryonic matter in simple four-fermion interaction theories, the Gross-Neveu model and the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in 1+1 and 2+1 space-time dimensions. These models are designed as toy models for dynamical symmetry breaking in strong interaction physics. Pointlike interactions ("four-fermion" interactions) between quarks replace the full gluon mediated interaction of quantum chromodynamics. We consider the limit of a large number of fermion flavors, where a mean field approach becomes exact. This method is formulated in the language of relativistic many particle theory and is equivalent to the Hartree-Fock approximation. In 1+1 dimensions, we generalize known results on the ground state to the case where chiral symmetry is broken explicitly by a bare mass term. For the Gross-Neveu model, we derive an exact self-consistent solution for the finite density ground state, consisting of a one-dimensional array of equally spaced potential wells, a baryon crystal. For the NambuJona-Lasinio model we apply the derivative expansion technique to calculate the total energy in powers of derivatives of the mean field. In a picture akin to the Skyrme model of nuclear physics, the baryon emerges as a topological soliton. The solution for both the single baryon and dense baryonic matter is given in a systematic expansion in powers of the pion mass. The solution of the Hartree-Fock problem is more complicated in 2+1 dimensions. In the massless Gross-Neveu model we derive an exact self-consistent solution by extending the baryon crystal of the 1+1 dimensional model, maintaining translational invariance in one spatial direction. This one-dimensional configuration is energetically degenerate to the translationally invariant solution, a hint in favor of a possible translational symmetry breakdown by more general geometrical structures. In the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, topological soliton configurations induce a finite baryon number. In contrast to the 1+1 dimensional model we do not find a massless baryon, but a state with zero binding energy.


Cyclic AMP has been proposed as the mediator of the catecholamine-induced activation of phosphorylase and glycogenolysisl), and the concentration of cyclic AMP, together with enzymes for its synthesis and degradation, is particularly high in the central nervous system2),3),4),5),6). Kakiuchi and Rail4) have shown that norepinephrine as well as histamine elevates levels of cyclic AMP in slices of cerebral cortex. Electrical stimulation to brain slices7) or to the brain of intact animals has caused several-fold increase in cyclic AMPS). In a preliminary study, Watanahe and Passonneau9) observed a 6 to 7-fold increase in brain cyclic AMP following stab wound injury, however, no definite role of this substance has been determined yet in brain. Enzymatically catalyzed formation of cyclic AMP from ATPIO),") and the affection of clycic AMP to glycogen metabolism through the interconversions of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase imply the possible biochemical role of cyclic AMP in the energy metabolism in injured brain. In the present investigation, the alterations in glycogen and related energy metabolism in relation to the increased cyclic AMP induced by experimental brain injury were studied to elucidate possible biochemical lesions. The concentrations of glycogen and the metabolites associated with glycogenesis and glycogenolysis have been determined. The effect of injury on glycogen turnover has been assessed from the rate of incorporation of 14C from glucose into glycogen and the subsequent rate of loss. The activities and forms of glycogen synthetase (EC 2. 4. 1. 11) and glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2. 4. 1. 1.) have been measured in injured and sham-operated animals. The metabolic rate of the injured brain has been compared with that of control animals at various times after injury by the measurement of the rate of utiliza tion of P-creatine, ATP and glucose and the rate of formation of lactate in isolated brain samples. The alteration in the levels of cyclic AMP due to injury was measured under drugs known to affect cyclic AMP metabolism.


A new chemically modified graphene was prepared using carboxylated graphene oxide (GO) and fluorinated poly(hydroxyamide) (6FPHA), the latter is the precursor of fluorinated poly(benzobisoxazole) (6FPBO). The results showed that, unlike common GO, which can only be dispersed in water under neutral or basic conditions, the RGO–6FPBO (reduced graphene oxide–6FPBO) could be stably dispersed in Lewis acids. The RGO–6FPBO–poly(benzobisoxazole) (PBO) composite was achieved by simple solution blending of RGO–6FPBO and PBO in methanesulfonic acid. The obtained RGO–6FPBO–PBO composite films exhibited a dramatic increase in electrical conductivity, by 8 orders of magnitude at the RGO–6FPBO content of 4 wt%, without significantly sacrificing optical transparency. When the content of RGO–6FPBO was higher than 4 wt%, the dielectric constant of the composite film also increased remarkably. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite were also improved by the incorporation of RGO–6FPBO.


Ethernet is the most used L2 protocol in modern datacenters networks. These networks serve many times like the underlying infrastructure for highly virtualised cloud computing services. To support such services the underlying network needs to be prepared to support host mobility and multi-tenant isolation for a high number of hosts while using the available bandwidth efficiently and maintaing the inherent costs low. These important properties are not ensured by Ethernet protocols. The bandwidth is always wasted because the spanning tree protocol is used to calculate paths. Also, the scalability can be an issue because the MAC learning process is based in frame flooding. On layer 3 some of this problems can be solved, but layer 3 is harder to configure, poses difficulties in host mobility and is more expensive. Recent efforts try to bring the advantages of layer 3 to layer 2. Most of them are based in some form of Equal-Cost Multipath (ECMP) to calculate paths on data center network. The solution proposed on this document uses a different approach. Paths are calculated using a non-ECMP policy based control-plane that is implemented in an OpenFlow controller. OpenFlow is a new protocol developed to help researchers test their new discovers on real networks without messing with the real traffic. To do that OpenFlow has to be supported by the network's switches. The communication between systems is done by SSL and all switches features are available to the controller. The non-ECMP policy based algorithm is a different way to do routing. Instead of using unitary metrics on each link, one policy is chosen for each link. The use of policies opens the possibility to consider very different paths as having the same forwarding preference increasing the number of used paths. Our approach uses the recent Backbone Provider Bridging (PBB) standard that adds extra header information to the Ethernet frame and provides isolation between customer and network address space improving scalability.


Objective To observe the correlation between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)assessment test (CAT)score and prognostic factors,so as to investigate the value of CAT score in predicting the prognosis of COPD. Methods A total of 81patients with newly diagnosed COPD in our hospital during Jul.2011to Sep.2012,without using inhaled corticosteroid(ICS)/long-actingβ2agonist(LABA)or long-acting antimuscarinic agent(LAMA),were divided into group A (low risk,less symptoms),B (low risk,more symptoms),C (high risk,less symptoms)and D (high risk,more symptoms)groups according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease(GOLD,2011edition),and the patients were given ICS/LABA or ICS/LABA+LAMA treatment for 3months.The CAT score,age,smoking quantity,pulmonary function indices,body mass index (BMI),6-min walking distance (6MWD),modified medical British research council (mMRC)dyspnea scale,and the times of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD)in previous one year were collected before and after treatment.The clinical characteristics analysis and correlation analysis were performed.Results The average age of the 81COPD patients was (66.27±8.52)years,with 88.89% being males and 85.19% having smoking history.The proportions of group A,B,C and D were 8.64%,30.86%,4.94%and 55.56% before treatment,respectively.The values of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),predicted amount as a percentage of FEV1(FEV1%Pred),forced vital capacity(FVC),predicted amount as a percentage of FVC (FVC%Pred),peak expiratory flow (PEF),predicted amount as a percentage of PEF(PEF%Pred),and 6MWD in CAT score≥10groups were significantly less than those in CAT score10 group(P0.05).The above parameters were not significantly different between patients with CAT score being 10-20,20- 30and≥30groups.mMRC scale and times of AECOPD in CAT score≥20groups were significantly higher than those in CAT score10group(P0.05).No significant difference in FEV1/FVC was found in different CAT score groups.The CAT score was significantly correlated with mMRC scale(pre-treatment r2=0.417,P0.001;post-treatment r2=0.19,P0.001), 6MWD (pre-treatment r2=0.320,P0.001;post-treatment r2=0.19,P0.001),pre-treatment FEV1(r2=0.177,P= 0.001 5),FEV1%Pred(r2=0.125,P=0.002),PEF(r2=0.164,P=0.002 4),PEF%Pred(r2=0.129,P=0.007 6),FVC (r2=0.098,P=0.021),FVC%Pred(r2=0.094,P=0.024),FEV1/FVC(r2=0.101,P=0.005 7),and AECOPD number (r2=0.059,P=0.028);and not correlated with the quantity of smoking (r2=0.041,P=0.083),BMI(r2=0.00,P= 0.89),and post-treatment FEV1(r2=0.01,P=0.22)or FEV1%Pred(r2=0.003,P=0.09).Conclusion COPD is prone to occur in the male smokers,with the highest proportion found in group D.CAT score has a good correlation with pre-and post -treatment mMRC scale and exercise capacity,suggesting it has a potential for predicting prognosis of COPD.


Focused that fault information lost or distorted lead to get inaccurate conclusion when power net is in fault,and Bayesian theory is not able to resolve the problem of large scale modeling though solving incomplete data effectively,the paper defines Bayesian Petri Net(BPN).And then it proposes a fault diagnosis algorithm of power net based on BPN.The result of verification of the algorithm through some power net proves that the algorithm is able to locate the fault area and identify fault unit accurately and quickly.As the same time,the algorithm enhances fault tolerance capability of fault diagnosis.


This paper addresses power quality compensation with a constant DC-capacitor voltage-control (CDCVC)-based reactive power control method of a three-leg pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier in the bidirectional battery-charger (BBC) for electric vehicles in commercial single-phase three-wire distribution feeders (SPTWDFs), which multiple domestic consumers are connected. The instantaneous power flow into the three-leg PWM rectifier demonstrates that the balanced and sinusoidal source currents with a pre-decided power factor (PF) are attained in the domestic consumer equipped with the BBC, while unbalanced and distorted source currents remain in the other domestic consumers without the BBC. Simulation results demonstrate that balanced and sinusoidal source currents at a PF of 0.90, which is the pre-decided value, are obtained in the domestic consumer that is equipped with the BBC, while unbalanced and distorted source currents remain in the other domestic consumers without the BBC. Simulation results also demonstrate that controlling the reactive power reduces the capacity of the three-leg PWM rectifier in the BBC.


In this paper we deal with the existence of positive solution of the Dirichlet problem for some non-linear elliptic equations such as-div(|x|αu)+b(x)u=f(x,u), x∈Ω,u|Ω=0,(P)where f(x,t) is asymptotically linear or superlinear in t at infinity. Since the function f(x,u) here is not admissible to the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz-Condition, Mountain pass lemma can not be applied in usual way. Here, applying the Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality and a variation of Mountain pass lemma, we give a proof of the existence of positive solution for this problem.


In China, buying a home is a decision that needs to be carefully thought out. The willingness to buy a house and the behavior of buying a house reflect the development of the country's economy. Residents' purchase decisions are closely related to personal and family characteristics. Based on the data of the China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS) in 2013 and the Probit model analysis, this paper concludes that whether there are children has a negative effect on the family's purchase intention, the family's annual income and private car ownership have a negative effect, while the effect of individual's age and education level on the purchase intention is not significant.


The major purpose of this correlational study was to identify the relationship between selfconcept and test anxiety among students of B Ed Honors Degree Program of USAID. Population of the study comprised students enrolled in three universities of Pakistan (University of the Punjab, Lahore, University of Education, Lahore, Sardar Bahadur Khan University, Quetta). A sample of 219 students (184 females and 35 males) was selected through simple random sampling technique. An adapted questionnaire was used as data collection tool which consisted of two sub scales: one to measure test anxiety and the other to measure self-concept. Respondents had to respond on five point Likert scale type self-reported items. Instrument was validated through conducting pilot study (Cronbach Alpha .76). Data was analyzed through SPSS, t-test was applied to identify difference between self-concept and test anxiety of male and female students of B Ed Honors program. Nature of relationship between the two variables was calculated through Pearson r correlation coefficient. Major findings were reported and recommendations to respective universities were made.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic detection device capable of providing high resolution characteristics by a different configuration from conventional ones.SOLUTION: The magnetic detection device is disposed in non-contact with a magnetic field generation member to which different magnetic poles are alternately attracted in a moving direction. A plurality of magnetic sensors 12a-12d are disposed at some intervals apart from each other. Each magnetic sensor has an output circuit that has a magnetic detection element whose electric characteristics are changed by an external magnetic field from the magnetic field generation member. The respective magnetic sensors are disposed at positions of a phase difference α=0, and positions deviated by a phase difference α of (1/2)*[M/(L*N)]*λ (L is the number of output circuits included in each magnetic sensor, M is a variable 1, ..., N-1, N is the number of the magnetic sensors, and λ is a magnetic pole period) respectively.


Based on the analysis of eroded red soil deterioration processes,research on evaluation index sys- tem of red soil deterioration is carried out.Influenced mainly by time and biological factors,soil fertility has been restored gradually with the reclamation of eroded soil.The process of soil restoration can be promoted with much longer time and forest plantation.Correlation and factorial analyses are used to reduce the iterated information and simplify soil indexes.Six indexes are selected to indicate more than 90 percent information of all 16 soil indexes,and thus soil fertility status can be expressed by fewer indexes.


Abstract. A reliable, noninvasive indicator of pancreatic allograft rejection is urgently needed. In this study, serum (S), plasma (P), and urine (U) levels of pancreas‐specific protein (P‐PASP, U‐PASP), neopterin (S‐NEOP, U‐NEOP), amylase (U‐AMYL), and amyloid A (SAA) were measured daily in ten type I diabetic patients following simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SPK). Rejection episodes occurred in three isolated pancreas, nine isolated kidney, and five simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplants. In the case of the eight pancreas rejections, SAA was the rejection marker with the highest diagnostic accuracy (94 %). Using P‐PASP and U‐PASP, an accuracy of 81 % and 79 %, respectively, was achieved. During viral infections, U‐NEOP levels increased to a maximum level of 1904 umol/mol creatinine, whereas during bacterial infections, SAA levels increased to a maximum value of 43 mg/dl. SAA, measured for the first time in SPK, appears to be a valuable rejection parameter. In combination with U‐NEOP and U‐AMYL, a differential diagnosis between rejection, bacterial infection, and viral infection was possible. Neither U‐PASP nor P‐PASP monitoring led to a significant improvement in the results.


Since recent advances of technology in material science and increasing demand for high strength steel, Q460 high strength steel has been applied to several landmark buildings and major projects. However, the application of high strength steel in seismic structures is limited by the relative worse ductility, which is usually decreasing with the increasing on yield strength. For this purpose, key issues of using high strength steels in seismic structures are discussed and two design methodologies are proposed. Recent research progress on application of high strength constructional steel achieved at Tongji University is introduced. Finally, future work related to the application of high strength steels are recommended.


The article has been dedicated to one of the actual problems in Georgia – inflation. There is given research of the main reasons of enormously increasing prices on local Products as well as on imported products and services. Among the existing reasons the main reasons are of local originality. For example: overloaded monetary circulation caused by the National Bank's incorrect monetary and credit politics, monopoly-oligopoly in bank sphere, falling of local production rate caused by pandemic, etc.
 Some of the reasons are imported, such as increased prices on fuel and on imported products from partner countries, etc. In the article it has been introduced those main branches of national economy, where prices have been tremendously increased. Besides, it should be mentioned imported fuel and food products, transport expenses, medical service, etc. The main aim of the research is to find the ways and methods to overcome inflation crisis.
 To our knowledge, in order to overcome this problem is development of monetary and credit according to monetarists' theory which is approved in many countries such as Poland, Estonia, etc. in order to regulate inflation the state should carry out the following measures: growth of local production rate, growth of local products, discharging of monetary circulation from extra money and strict control over these processes, creating competitive environment in bank sector, etc.
The mechanism of state intervention in the economy consists of a whole chain of causes and effects. It is headed by the money supply, hence the increase in the money supply, and at the bottom - the state of the economic situation. The monetarist concept of the transmission mechanism is based on the principle that the economic object must act in such a way as to bring as much profit as possible. To do this, it must try to perfect the structure of the asset portfolio and make it one in which it will generate more revenue. The concept of an asset portfolio includes not only cash and securities, but also fixed assets presented in various forms. Portfolios are balanced when the profitability of the marginal units of each type of asset is equal / balanced. The result is that there is no need to redistribute interchangeable assets. This balance is broken by the supply of extra money. The source of its growth may be open market operations, ie the purchase of government bonds by the central bank, for example. After selling the securities, the farms own much more money than they had before.


In the present research article, single Multiplicative Neuron Model (MNM) is compared with Single Spiking Neuron Model (SNM) using back propagation learning algorithm. The authors employed IRIS and Breast Cancer Wisconsin datasets for training and testing these models. Simulation results reveal that for both the datasets, MNM model is capable to perform classification task in less iteration than SNM model i.e. the former gets trained more quickly. On the contrary, the classification performance in terms of various parameters of an artificial neural network of MNM model found to be poorer than that of SNM model for both the datasets being studied. Furthermore, the results also show that miss-classification rate is higher in MNM model.


Sound velocity measurement is an important experiment in general physics experiment teaching, this paper focuses on the principle, equipment, method and procedure of the employment of PC in the measurement of sound velocity.


ABSTRACT To the Editor.— The thoughtful study of Fulton et al (210:2071, 1969) has rather conclusively disproved the widely held belief that a significant proportion of acne patients will have their condition worsen after the ingestion of chocolate. However, what we have observed clinically, is that only a relatively small number of acne patients will have their condition exacerbate by any specified food, either chocolate, nuts, shellfish, etc, but, that in these patients the effect is consistent. Since the patients for the Fulton study were selected at random from the general acne population, the unusual patient whose acne might worsen from chocolate would be lost in the general weight of the combined statistics. It might be worthwhile for this type of investigation to be extended to a study of a specific group of patients who claim that their acne flares after the ingestion of chocolate.


Earth sensor signal source(ESSS) supplies electric exciting signal for earth sensor(ES) in the ground closed loop test of satellites.According to a company's new digital ES the designed principles of the new digital ESSS was described, hardware component graph and software flow chart were presented.In the end,the factors influencing system errors and random errors were analyzed and some ways for decreasing errors were mentioned.


Dogs which had been heavily irradiated one to two years previously were severely bled. Both control and recovered dogs responded to the bleeding in a similar manner, indiciating complete functional recovery of the previously irradiated marrow.


Combined with the new idea of magnetic suspension micromotion with AC/DC hybrid driving,a kind of new-type magnetic suspension micromotion workbench which can realize the wide-range micro-motion of casting machine with six degrees of freedom was designed.Aimed at the instability of open-loop control of the magnetic suspension micromotion workbench,the lead-lag controller and PID controller were used for the control of the magnetic suspension micromotion workbench,respectively.Then the Matlab software was used to simulate the control system of the workbench.The simulation results show that the performances of the workbench using the PID controller is much better than those using the lead-lag controller.This illustrates that the PID control strategy is suitable for the micromotion controlling of the workbench for the centrifuge casting machine.


We studied three Antarctic rocks and quartz separates thereof for their records of cosmic-ray produced 21Ne. All three samples reveal an excess of 21Ne and in two of them a cosmic-ray origin is documented by the spallation ratios 22Ne/21Ne. 3He is shown to be incompletely retained in quartz (<10%). Previous studies have shown the suitability of quartz as a monitor for cosmic-ray produced radionuclides 10Be and 26Al, and therefore as a tracer for geological processes. 26Al/10Be ratios allow the calculation of minimum exposure ages and maximum erosion rates, and measured ratios 21Ne/10Be and 21Ne/26Al add significant information to exposure histories, especially in the case of a complex exposure. This information is necessary for an evaluation of erosion rates and to define geological processes, such as uplift and variations in the Antarctic ice cover.


We have performed a retrospective analysis on patients who were operated for colorectal cancer within last six years at the Department of Abdominal surgery in University Hospital Dubrava. The aim of this study was to compare age, gender, the reason for urgent surgery, and Dukes classification in this group as opposed to patients undergoing elective surgery for the same condition at hte same center in the same period. In the period from 1.1.2000.-31.12.2005. at the University Hospital Dubrava, 642 patients were operated for colorectal cancer. Emergency operation was performed in 20% of the patients. Obstruction was the most common indication for urgent operation. Other indications were perforation and bleeding. We have analyzed patients in respect to age, gender, tumor site and Dukes classification. We also describe the types of operations performed, postoperative morbidity and mortality. Infection of laparotomy incision was the most common complication. We conlude that the group of patients undergoing emergency surgery had a more advanced colorectal cancer according to the Dukes classification than the group of elective cases. We also noted an increased morbidity and mortality amongst the patients undergoing emergency surgery.


New absorption line parameters for H2S were published and submitted to the Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmospheriques (GEISA) and high resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) databases. These new absorption line parameters will make it possible to use observations from the future Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument [Earth Observing System (EOS) Chemistry Mission (CHEM) platform] to make more accurate H2S measurements if it observes an H2S-rich volcanic cloud. H2S is the second most abundant volcanic sulfur gas, and like SO2, it also converts to H2SO4 aerosols and can have a climate impact. A paper on the Moderate-resolution Imaging-Spectroradiometer (MODIS) SO2 alert is being revised. New aspects in the revision include verification of the SO2 alert during the EOS mission; factors affecting SO2 detection at thermal infrared, ultraviolet, and microwave wavelengths; radiative transfer tests; more description of satellite instruments; and thermal surface alert installed for MODIS. Her research involves the use of remote sensing to generate maps of plume top altitude. This parameter is important for models of volcanic eruption, aircraft hazards, and climate impact. The topographic shape of the top surface of a volcanic plume can provide information necessary to understand the physics controlling the injection and dispersal of a volcanic plume in the atmosphere. Glaze et al. describe the application of a photoclinometric technique to volcanic plumes. The software algorithm has been improved to account for more general plume and illumination geometries and for easily extracting position information directly from Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) level 1B data. Testing of the algorithm has focused on acquiring AVHRR data for a variety of volcanic plumes in an effort to identify problems with the software as well as model sensitivities. The plumes chosen were erupted from volcanoes at a variety of latitudes, at different times of day, and in different seasons. Another important issue that is being investigated is the importance of plume opacity. A diagram illustrates the method for deriving phi, the angle a wind-blown plume makes with the horizontal, in the direction perpendicular to the remote sensing scan. A figure shows a sample output of the algorithm, a wire mesh map of plume top topography. Additional information is contained in the original.


It has been proven that there is an increase in intestinal permeability in some autoimmune diseases. In our study, we purposed to assess intestinal permeability in vitiligo disease by looking at zonulin levels. At the same time, we aimed to examine the correlation of inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels with zonulin.


By introducing the relations and characteristics of the curriculum,teachers,students,indicating the necessity of the project teaching,further information on the project based instructional design methods,electronic professional courses " SMT surface mount technology" for example,described in detail how the project instructional design.


Using ray tracing code and optical path function, optimization calculation is carried out on a grazing incidence soft x ray flat field spectrometer with toroidal mirror as prepositive optic system. We calculate the spectral and spatial resolution of the spectrometer system. The wave front aberration theory and ray tracing code indicate that the system has good spectral resolution (lambda/Deltalambda)better than 1000 and spatial resolution better than 40 mum in the spectrum range of 4-45 nm.


Summary

This paper presents the technical aspects, theoretical analysis, and comparisons of two new permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) grid-interfaced models named PMSG boost and PMSG rectifier-inverter. The exact feedback linearization (EFL) control scheme is used for the effective design and stability analysis of the aforementioned models. The complexity of the EFL control laws is discussed in the light of the nonlinear coordinate transformations and linearization (local and global) of the PMSG models. We also discussed the effectiveness of the EFL control over the output Direct Current (DC) link voltage of the PMSG during the electrical grid faults and the mechanical perturbations. Moreover, we compared the aforementioned models and concluded that the stability of the PMSG rectifier-inverter is higher compared with the PMSG boost during the variation of wind speed values from minimum to maximum. Furthermore, the robustness of the EFL control scheme for the PMSG rectifier-inverter is compared with the conventional proportional and integral controller and state-feedback controller. The EFL controller reports a faster output response, better accuracy, and quicker settling time of the output DC link voltage as compared with the proportional integral controller. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


China and the United States are both countries with huge carbon emission.At the same time,the amount of trade between them is large.But there is the carbon emission transfer by Sino-US merchandise trade due to the differences in the technology,infrastructure,energy efficiency and natural resources etc.The paper adopts the input-output approach,and combines the systems of economy,energy and trade to establish the carbon emission transfer model based on international merchandise trade.Then,it calculates the carbon emission transfer by Sino-US merchandise trade in 1997 and 2002.The conclusions are as follows: 1) In 1997 and 2002,the Chinese relative sectors' total carbon emission by Sino-US merchandise trade reached 40.1013 million tons and 50.5621 million tons,accounted for 6.61% and 8.33% of the Chinese relative sectors' total carbon emission.The United States relative sectors' total carbon emission by Sino-US merchandise trade reached 2.9065 million tons and 3.3561 million tons,only accounted for 0.53% and 0.66% of the United States relative sectors' total carbon emission.2) In 1997 and 2002,the carbon emission transfer by Sino-US merchandise trade reached 37.1975 million tons and 47.1960 million tons.Specially,the contributions of chemical industry,metal smelling and pressing sector are prominent.3) In 1997 and 2002,carbon emissions equivalent to 6.77% and 9.32% of the United States relative sectors' total carbon emission were transferred to China.China has made potential contribution to the carbon emission reduction of the United States.The developed countries like the United States should provide climate and environment friendly technology to developing countries like China.


This paper describes the current methods which are used to calculate the parasitic resultants for the continuous prestressed concrete bridges. Generally, these methods are not suitable for curved continuous prestressed bridges, and for most cases the parasitic torsion and moment are calculated assuming the bridge is straight. The accuracy of these methods depends on the variation and degree of the curvature along the curved bridge and the rigidity of torsional restraint at the support bearings. A general and simple finite element method of analysing parasitic torsion and moment for continuous prestressed concrete bridge is presented here. For the covering entry of the conference see IRRD 831067. (Author/TRRL)


In this paper we give an explicit description of the representation matrix of a Heisenberg type action previously constructed by Blanchet et al. Our construction is based on the combinatorial part of Yoshida' s construction. We give the matrix in terms of a ribbon graph and its admissible colorings. We show that the components of the representation matrix satisfy the external edge condition, which is a natural combinatorial/geometric condition for maps from the first homology of the graph. We give the explicit formula of the trace of the action in the case of surfaces with colored structure using the external edge condition, the Verlinde formula and elementary counting arguments. Our formula is a generalization of the results for a surface without colored structure, which are already known.


An automatic testing configuration is suggested for the analogue-and-digital mixed system using PCs and CAMAC interfaces which are remotely controlled by the IEEE488 bus. The efficiency of this equipment is tested with the design verification of an adaptive line equalizer. The testing and verification of the analogue-and-digital mixed system is of particular importance in VLSI technology. ISDN and related applications are good examples for such mixed integration and new testing requirements. It is concluded that with integration of complex functions in a device or a system, the automation of the design verification and hardware testing, using the mixed special environment, is increasingly important.


Aiming at the problems of limited bandwidth and periodicity of chaotic laser, a monolithically integrated chaotic semiconductor laser subject to random feedback and mutual injection is proposed. The chaotic laser consists of two distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LD), two semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) and a passive optical waveguide. Optical injection of two coupled DFB-LDs achieves chaotic signal shaping and bandwidth enhancement. Random grating along the passive waveguide provides stochastic feedback to suppress the time delay signature (TDS). A theoretical model is established based on the Lang-Kobayashi model to explore the dynamics of the proposed chaotic laser. A chaotic signal with TDS of 0.06 and bandwidth of 13.12 GHz is obtained by simulation. Furthermore, the effects of parameters including feedback ratio, mutual injection ratio, and detuning frequency on the TDS and bandwidth of chaotic signal are investigated. The results show that the broadband chaotic laser signal with TDS suppression can be obtained by controlling parameters reasonably.


China has been attracting overseas construction enterprises with its vast expanding business market. The country is further opening its construction market to overseas businesses as the result of its accession to the World Trade Organization in 2001. In line with this development, there are an increasing number of foreign-invested construction enterprises (FICEs) entering into the market. Using Porter's competitiveness factor analysis method, this paper identifies the FICEs' strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the Chinese construction market. Data used in the analysis stem from multiple sources including statistical reports, literature review, regulations and policies, and interviews with construction professionals. These findings should provide a valuable reference for overseas construction enterprises who are interested in developing business in the Chinese construction market.


This paper describes the approach and implementation of a system that combines real industrial environments with a virtual copy of these components. The coupling elements for communication and data management are cyber-physical systems and active digital object memories. The idea of this approach is to create an assistance system that relies on these virtual digital object memories to ensure quality characteristics and to describe any information in a unified structured format. Up to a certain level of complexity, state changes and feature checks are done decentralized by each object memory, in the way of autonomous control. Keywords–active digital object memory; cyber-physical systems; cyber-physical production system.


This handbook on the techniques, uses, and interpretation of urography (intravenous pyelography) is grounded in the experience of a major teaching center and constitutes a reliable guide for the uninitiated. Dr. Lalli demonstrates— and quite rightly stresses—the important point that the examination can be "tailored" to the requirements of the problem in hand; this includes the subsidiary point that uremia does not necessarily preclude informative urography. Dr. Lalli surveys the common lesions and others less common. The x-ray reproductions are numerous and distinct. However, Dr. Lalli's sound instruction would have been well served by textual revision. Conventional pedantic formality, digression, inaccurate English, and verbosity weaken a text that is academically scrupulous. In discussing the differential diagnosis of urographic findings, Dr. Lalli frustrates the reader with references to other radiologic modalities, which his title excludes from this book. Perhaps in a second edition he will survey all methods of radiologic study


This paper reports the morphology, ion impact, and kinetic parameters of Y2O3:Dy3+ phosphor induced by 150‐MeV Ni7+, 120‐MeV Ag9+, and 110‐MeV Au8+ swift heavy ions (SHIs) in the fluence range 1 × 1011–1 × 1013 ions cm−2. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies confirm the loss of crystallinity of ion‐irradiated phosphors. Thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of ion‐irradiated phosphors show a small shift in the position of peaks, along with an increase in intensity with ion fluence. Stopping and range of ions in matter (SRIM) calculations were performed in order to correlate the change in TL properties of ion‐irradiated Y2O3:Dy3+ phosphors. The ion impact parameters show that the defect created by 110‐MeV Au8+ ions is greater in number. Kinetic parameters were calculated from TL data using a computerized glow‐curve deconvolution (CGCD) method.


Dear Editor We appreciate the interest of Duguid et al. (2020) in our recently published paper, 'How medical students' perceptions of instructor autonomy-support mediate their motivation and psycho...


Projects and programmes that are often the objects of our inquiry are actually no more than mental constructs. They are the result of numerous conditions that happen to come together for one brief moment. Their funding, activities, and results arise, dwell in a state of constant flux for a period of time, and then pass away. Insight Evaluation provides an approach to see projects and programmes clearly, without false impression.   The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy of the International Labour Organization, the United Nations, or the Evaluation Capacity Development Group


Optimal care of people with cancer is dependent on careful planning across different settings to ensure a continuum of care. The author outlines a model of service delivery that has been adopted by Central Gippsland Health Service. The system uses a single assessment process, a single care coordinator as well as involvement of all stakeholders utilising processes, protocols, co-location and effective methods of communication. A case study is used to illustrate how the system operates. (non-author abstract)


For cleaner and greener future, Hybrid vehicle has been accepted as best practical applications for transportation. The presence of two power sources, i.e. engine and battery in hybrid electric vehicles makes it necessary to intelligently split the power for lesser fuel consumption. An intelligent power management strategy is developed to fulfil on road power demand with good fuel economy. This article uses DIRECT method to control toggling between the engine and battery to reduce the overall liquid fuel consumption. The battery charge is utilized effectively without deteriorating its health. The control strategy is based on the optimization of vital parameters such as state of charge in the battery, engine idle speed, engine on duration and power demand. Numerous simulations are executed on the advanced vehicle simulator (ADVISOR) to authenticate the feasibility of the proposed controller.


Two Josephson Array Voltage Standard Systems using different calibration algorithms are operated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A manual switch system is designed to make system comparisons by measuring against the 1.018 V of three Zener references. The difference of the average of the three Zener references is smaller than 1 nV.


Peilong gully is situated in the southeastern Tibet and the Sichuan-Tibet Railway along the Peilongzangbu River goes through its mouth. The debris flows in the gully, often with a large scale, were generally triggered by glacier and rainstorm. In order to research the possibility of the debris flow stopping the river, with the exploration of the whole basin area, visiting the local farmer and getting samples to analyze it is found that the debris flows of this gully have a trend to be well developed by the large quantity of glacial resource, plenty of tills and other Quaternary sediments, favorable topography. The Peilongzangbu River was once blocked by the debris flows having occurred between the year of 1983 and 1985. According to the debris flows development tendency and occurring frequency, the possibility in their blocking main river is discussed in details and also the scientific grounds for the engineering project crossing the gully mouth have been given in the paper.


Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a serious condition occurring in 2%–4% of patients after acute pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a potential cure for technically operable disease. The epidemiology and long‐term outcomes of CTEPH have not been previously described in Australia and New Zealand.


The article is devoted to the linguistic peculiarities of media texts in financial sphere focusing on the field of social media. Hereby we define two groups of lexical units that we are considering by media texts - characterizing lexical units and identifying lexical units. A detailed scientific description of each group composition is given, including the examples taken from media texts. An integrated approach to the analysis of Russian-language and English-language media texts allowed to make the conclusion about the most frequently used means of nominating realities, objects and phenomena in the sphere of credit and financial activity.


We investigated the relations between the endorsement of ambivalent sexism and relationship qualities in heterosexual romantic couples during emerging adulthood. The sample included 94 heterosexual emerging adult dating couples attending a public university (Mage = 21 years; 39% White, 25% Latinx, 11% Asian, and 18% Other). Each partner separately completed survey measures of ambivalent sexism and perceived relationship satisfaction and conflict. Dyadic analyses were performed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated men's hostile sexism predicted lower satisfaction and more conflict for men and their partners, whereas men's benevolent sexism (BS) predicted more satisfaction and lower conflict for men and their partners. Women's BS was negatively related to the length of the couple's relationship. The results are discussed in relation to ways that ambivalent sexism may affect the dating relationships of many emerging adults in college settings and how these effects may change over time in relationships and at later life stages.


The analytical study of microchannels has been considered as a preliminary approach to alleviate the difficulties which are normally encountered in numerical and experimental studies. Among the analytical solutions, those with high robustness and low complexities are certainly more attractive. In this work, we present a theoretical approach to predict the temperature field in micro-Poiseuille channel flow with constant wall temperature. The use of power series method simplifies the solution in the current analytical approach. The current analytical derivations are examined for channels with both hot-wall and cold-wall conditions. The current solutions agree well with the numerical solutions for a wide range of Knudsen numbers. Contrary to the past analytical solutions and in spite of using a simple and robust approach, the current formulations predict the temperature field in the channel readily.© 2008 ASME


This paper focuses on the second stage regenerator of a 4 K Gifford-McMahon (G-M) cryocooler. A three-layer layout of lead (Pb), HoCu2 and Gd2O2S spheres in the second stage regenerator derives a good performance at 4 K. After some modifications, we confirmed that the cooling power of 1.60 W at 4.2 K was achieved by using this three-layer layout. A two-stage G-M cryocooler is RDK-408D2 (SHI) and a compressor is C300G (SUZUKISHOKAN) with a rated electric input power of 7.3 kW at 60 Hz. In order to further improve, a double pipe regenerator was applied to the second stage regenerator. As a double pipe, a stainless steel pipe with thin wall was inserted in the coaxial direction into the second stage regenerator. The helium flow in the second stage regenerator is expected to be non-uniform flow because of the distribution of helium density and the imperfect packing of regenerator material. The double pipe regenerator is considered to have an effect of restraining the non-uniform flow. From the experimental results, the second stage cooling power of 1.67 W at 4.2 K and the first stage cooling power of 64.9 W at 50 K were achieved.


A brief summary is presented of recent chemical laser research. The principal emphasis is on current device performance, particularly those areas where promising new work is being done. Chemical kinetics and theoretical modeling are not discussed in detail, but extensive references are provided for the reader who wishes to pursue these subjects in greater depth. The literature citations have been updated as of November 24, 1972.


The Open University of Israel offers a program of study for Computer Science graduates towards a high school Teaching Certificate in Computer Science. The program is unique in that it enables studying towards the certificate in a distance learning environment and therefore can be pursued by people who wish to combine further education with careers and personal responsibilities. In this paper we describe the Teaching Certificate Program which provides an opportunity for Computer Science graduates to pursue an educational career. Particularly we describe the course "Methodology of Computer Science Teaching" which utilizes multi-media technologies expressly developed for distance learning. In addition we present some statistics regarding the program, such as: the number of students enrolled in the program, age and gender distribution.


The utility model relates to an axial coarse powder separator which comprises an inner cone and an outer cone, wherein baffle plates with adjustable degree of opening are uniformly distributed on the upper part of a channel between the inner cone and the outer cone along the circumference, the lower end of the outer cone is provided with a powder returning pipe and an inlet pipe, and the upper end of the outer cone is provided with an outlet pipe and an explosion-proof door. The end part of an outlet of the inlet pipe is provided with a rotational flow diffusion flow equalizer which is composed of a bell mouth diffusion pipe and axial flow guide vanes. Because of the action of the rotational flow diffusion flow equalizer, the uniformity of air flow distribution in the coarse powder separator is improved, the abrasion of the coarse powder separator is lightened and the quality and the efficiency of separation are increased.


Minerva listened to Mr Barney Hayhoe, the new minister of health, talking about expenditure on the NHS at the Conservative party conference. He quoted the familiar statistics of growth and when asked about increased demand he echoed Mr Enoch Powell 20 years before-"demand is unlimited." What NHS staff want, however, is for Britain to match its neighbours in health spending. A new analysis of European health systems (Eurocare. Basle: Health Service Consultants) quotes expenditure per head on health care in US dollars: Germany 1000, France 853, Netherlands 828, Switzerland 1111, and United Kingdom 493. We rate equally poorly on doctors and hospital beds/10 000 population.


C O N T E N T S G. LEONE, E. REYES, G. CORTECCI, A. POCHINI and J. LINARES. Genesis of bentonites from Cabo de Gata, Almeria, Spain: a stable isotope study 227 T. G. COLE and H. v. SHAW. The nature and origin of authigenic smectites in some recent marine sediments 239 P. J. ISAACSON and B. L. SAWHNEY. Sorption and transformation of phenols on clay surfaces: effect of exchangeable cations 253 J. VICENTE-HERNANDEZ~ M. A. VICENTE, M. ROBERT et a. GOODMAN. Evolution des biotites en fonction des conditions d'oxydo-reduction du milieu 267 K. BRANSON and A. C. D. NEWMAN. Water sorption on Ca-saturated clays: I. Multilayer sorption and microporosity in some illites 277 E. C. ORMEROD and A. C. D. NEWMAN. Water sorption on Ca-saturated clays. II. Internal and external surfaces of montmorillonite 289 E. MURAD and u. SCHWERTMANN. The influence of aluminium substitution and crystallinity on the M6ssbauer spectra of goethite 301 R. ISHERWOOD and B. R. JENNINGS. Surface-charge determination ofcrocidolite particles in suspension 313 Notes T. G. COLE and H. V. SHAW. Kerolite associated with anhydrite in sediments from the Atlantis II Deep, Red Sea 325 A. S H A V A N. An amorphous product of complex composition in a Siluro-Devonian siltstone 333 ]. w. CROUDACE and N. D. ROBINSON. A simple, rapid and precise smear method for the preparation of oriented smear mounts Book Review 337 341


W six days to go before the three-week lockdown to end, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the Opposition leaders on Wednesday were on the same page for the staged withdrawal of it to contain coronavirus. The Opposition also asked the Centre to make Covid-19 testing free and demanded availability of quality personal protective kits (PPE) as well as additional stimulus for farmers for the upcoming crop season. In the first formal interaction through video-conferencing with the floor leaders of the Opposition parties since the lockdown announced by him in the midnight of March 25, Modi told them and other parties in Parliament that the nationwide lockdown will not be lifted in one go on April 14 as scheduled earlier. Biju Janata Dal (BJD) leader Pinaki Misra, who represented his party at the meeting, said that Prime Minister Modi made it clear that lockdown will not be lifted and also that the life at pre-corona and post-corona stage will not be same. Stating that Government's main priority is saving each and every life, Modi, according to sources, maintained that the situation in the country is akin to a 'social emergency' which has necessitated tough decisions and there was a need for continued vigilance. The Prime Minister also observed that the present situation was a watershed event in mankind's history. "We must evolve to counter its impact," he said, adding in the changing circumstances, the country should simultaneously try to bring about a change in its work culture and working style. Modi understood to have told the conference that "country is facing serious economic challenges as a result of the pandemic" and Government will do all to overcome them.


Background: Acrylic resin (polymethil methacrylate) was one of the base of denture that was frequently used in dentistry. Individuals who wear denture often experience denture stomatitis. The preventive action of denture stomatitis can be done by cleaning the denture. Denture cleaning can be done mechanically , chemically , or a combination of both methods. Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical solution that is relatively recommended for cleaning dentures. The phytochemical test showed Salacca zalacca extracts contained various active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids able to inhibit the growth of microorganism.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in the effectiveness of Salacca zalacca extract and sodium hypochlorite 0,5% as denture cleanser of the number of colonies of Candida albicans.
Method: The method was laboratory experiment. Twenty seven acrylic resin samples were made with 10mm diameter and 2mm thick soaked in sterilized saliva for 1 hour and put into Candida albicans suspension for 24 hours. The samples were divided into 3 treatments. Afterward, they soaked with aquades, Salacca zalacca extracts, and Sodium hypochlorite 0,5% for 8 hours. Serial dilutions are needed after samples were taken. The colony of Candida albicans was counted after planted into Saboraud agar and 48 hours of incubation. The data is processed using one way anova and post hoc.
Result: There is a significant result regarding the test. It obtained 0.000 (P>0.05) percentage based on One Way Anova test upon the Candida albicans growth. It means that there is a significant difference toward the growth of Candida albicans.
Conclusion: The results proves the effect of Salacca zalacca extracts in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans but sodium hypochlorite 0.5% have a better effectiveness compared with Salacca zalacca extracts.


In 1975, Illinois experienced an exceptionally mild winter, followed by a warm spring. This sequence of climatic events resulted in a massive outbreak of the soybean thrips, Sericothrips variabilis (Beach), along with large numbers of the flower thrips, Frankliniella tritici (Fitch). The outbreak covered an area of over 600 thousand hectares (1.5 million acres) of soybean and was particularly heavy in the southern third of the state. In areas where thrips densities were particularly high early in the season, entire fields of young soybean seedlings began to die, causing panic within the farming community. In their attempts to resolve the situation, growers applied large quantities of pesticides to over 20,200 hectares (50,000 acres) during the first week after the crop had begun to emerge.


GRANITE. SIR,—I can only express amazement that such a paper as that of Mr. T. B. Struthers on Granite (GBOL. MAG. 1892, p. 561-4) should have been written in the year of grace 1892. Mr. Struthers begins by attributing to geologists the absurd theory that the supposed granitic foundation of the Earth's crust was formed after the overlying crust itself. A perusal of pages 86 to 88 of Bosenbasch's paper " Zur Auffassung des Grundgebirges " ' would have shown the groundless nature of this statement. Then follows a delicious example of a non sequitur in the observation " that erupted rocks, whether volcanic or trappean, have apparently been derived from granite, for in common with them it consists mainly of silica, alumina, potash, soda, lime, magnesia, and iron." Why granite, to the exclusion of syenite, diorite, gabbro, peridotite, etc., is to arrogate to itself the honour of being the mother of all erupted rocks is not even supposed to require explanation. Then we have a quotation of a most unfortunate remark of Beete Jukes (no page or reference given ; I find it in the 2nd edition of his Manual of Geology, 1862, omitted apparently in the 3rd edition, 1872), from which Mr. Struthers evidently concludes that any lava stream, of no matter what chemical composition, could be traced within the earth to granite. Let the petrologist imagine tracing a limburgite lava stream to a granite magma. Mr. Stiuthers states that " the hydrothermal conditions under which granite was formed . . . were peculiar to a particular period of the world's history, when a sea of high temperature overspread its entire surface before any dry land had appeared." Anything more contrary to known facts than this statement can hardly be imagined. The Dartmoor granite and the Brocken granite alter rocks of the Carboniferous period. Does Mr. Struthers suppose that no dry land had appeared at that period or that the fish of those days swam about in boiling water? He has no hesitation in saying (apparently only from the examination of Lyell's figure (Elements, 1874, p, 552) that the granite of Sharp Tor, Cornwall " is a fine example of bedded granite originally discharged in successive submarine sheets." Unfortunately Lyell does not state the scale of his drawing, otherwise Mr. Struthers would probably see the untenable nature of his interpretation of the well known mural weathering of granite. An examination of the rock of the apparent pile in question would probably show under the microscope complete continuity in the unweathered portions between the seemingly separate lenticles. If Mr. Struther's interpretation of mural weathering were correct the lenticles should be of immense size, whereas every one practically acquainted with the subject knows that they thin out or are discontinuous usually in a distance of a few feet. BERNARD HOBSON.


Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), India occupies first place with regard to area and second in production in the world. Importance of wheat in Indian agriculture is second only to rice. It is grown over an area of 29.8 m ha with total annual production of 95 m t and productivity of 3.2 t ha -1 (Anon., 2014). In the Indian sub continent, is an important food grain providing nourishment nearly to 35 per cent people of the world. Wheat belongs to family International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 02 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


This paper describes the secant method for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem with generator constraints and transmission losses. The ED problem is an important optimization problem in the economic operation of a power system. The proposed algorithm involves selection of minimum and maximum incremental costs (lambda values) and then the evaluation of optimal lambda at required power demand is done by secant method. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a power system having 6, 15, and 40 generating units. Studies have been made on the proposed method to solve the ED problem by taking 120 and 200 units with generator constraints. Simulation results of the proposed approach were compared in terms of solution quality, convergence characteristics, and computation efficiency with conventional methods such as lambda iterative method, heuristic methods such as genetic algorithm, and meta-heuristic methods like particle swarm optimization. It is observed from different case studies that the proposed method provides qualitative solutions with less computational time compared to various methods available in the literature.


The capillary GC method was introduced for determination of HEPT and HCE and DDT in paeonia lactiflra pall.The HEPT and HCE and DDT were extracted from soil and platycodon grandiflorum with mixed solvents (petroleum ether+acetone),cleaned up by concentrated sulfuric acid,separated by capillary column,and detected by ECD.The capillary column was DB-5(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm);carrier gas N_2(99.999%,1.5 mL/min);split ratio 2.3∶1;injector temperature 200 ℃;detector temperature 330 ℃;column temperature program 100 ℃(hold 0.5 min),rate of 15 ℃· min~(-1) to 200 ℃(hold 1.0 min),rate of 4 ℃·min~(-1) to 240 ℃(hold 7 min).The average recoveries were within 96.27%~100.3% and RSD 2.0~(6.9)%.


Summary: Integrins, major adhesion receptors and angiotensin II activate extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathways and result in a mitogenic response such as the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We investigated mechanisms of collaboration or synergism between integrins and angiotensin II involving ERK pathways in VSMCs. Integrin activation by cell adhesion to fibronectin increased the phosphorylation level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) upstream of the ERK pathway. angiotensin II induced a high increase in the phosphorylation level of FAK with integrin activation, but not in suspended cells. Integrin activation increased phosphorylation levels of ERK kinase (MEK) and ERK phosphorylation as well. Angiotensin IIinduced MEK and ERK phosphorylation were retained even in suspended cells. Furthermore, with integrin activation, angiotensin II induced a much larger increase in the phosphorylation levels of MEK and ERK. These results suggest that simultaneous stimulation of integrin and angiotensin II receptors cause synergistic interaction in the activation of ERK pathway, possibly via phosphorylation of FAK, which may play a critical role in angiotensin II‐mediated mitogenic response in VSMCs.


In article gasdynamic approach for the solution of a task on heat distribution in simple gas pipelines on the basis of consideration of a current of gas in a laminar mode is considered. The objective is solved by means of research of system of the equations of work of extending gas taking into account an assessment of difference of temperatures at explosive decomposition of a working product. Classical approaches to research of distribution of heat in a simple cylindrical pipe are thus taken as a basis the main dependences characterizing both full, and the current work of a working product by means of correction coefficients and a ratio of temperatures of heating of walls Are presented. Connection between pressure is established at different weight ratios of gas. The specified approach can be used as a technique of model research of gasdynamic processes taking into account a thermolysis in gas pipelines.


As for the public domain, the discovery of gold has always been thought such a blessing that there was little difficulty in persuading legislatures or courts that gold miners had prior rights and privileges over almost anyone else and that the public domain was there to have claims staked out on it, provided only the claim staker went to work and got out the gold. "This liberal policy has filled the ravines of the Rockies with prospectors and miners. It has fostered freedom and aided the beginnings of law." The development of our federal mining laws stemmed in no small degree from the experiences of the California gold rush, the subject of Mining Camps.


The reaction of ethanol and methanol over carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been investigated. The main reaction product in all cases is acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, with secondary products such as ethyl acetate and methyl format. CNTs have many distinct properties that may be exploited to develop the next generation of sensors. We study the distinct physical, electronic, and mechanical properties of CNTs. This artivcle aims to act as a reference source for researchers to help them in developing new applications of CNT‐based sensors. Interaction between alcohol molecules and CNT is investigated using a semi‐empirical MNDO method. We study the total energy, electron, and thermodynamic properties adsorption alcohols on armchair single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT (4,4)) obtained at room temperature. In this study presented a comprehensive studying on effects of gases on SWNT that it is on its electronic structure and transfer of charge from the atoms to the SWNT. The ethanol and methanol converted to other oxidation products on SWNT‐based sensors.


Iterative learning controllers with initial impulsive action are characterized for /th-order partially irregular linear time-invariant multivariable plants, i.e. plants with rank-defective first, second, …, /lth Markov parameters but full-rank (l + 1)th Markov parameters (l=1.2.3, …) These general results ate illustrated by the presentation of results for the Iterative learning of a typical first-order partially irregular liner multivariable plant


Abstract Bos indicus (n = 67) and crossbred Bos taurus × Bos indicus (n = 67) bulls were finished in extensive or intensive conditions to evaluate the effect of genetic differences and finishing system on the fatty acid (FA) composition of intramuscular fat. Finishing system had a more pronounced effect on FA profiles than the genetic group, but the two factors often interacted for both individual and groups of FA. When compared with animals finished intensively, those finished on pasture produced meat with higher concentration of CLA and polyunsaturated n-3 FA, in particular of 18:3, 20:5 and 22:5. Meat from animals finished intensively had higher amounts of 14:0, 16:0, 18:1 trans-10, 18:1 trans-11, monounsaturated trans FA and 18:2. When the two genetic groups were compared under intensive finishing, B. indicus animals showed lower amounts of 20:4 (synthesised from 18:2) and 20:5 (synthesised from 18:3), suggesting that they may have a lower ability in biochemical pathways involved in the metabolism of n-6 and n-3 long chain fatty acids. Overall, meat from animals finished on pasture had a higher amount of the FA considered desirable for human health.


Abstract This paper describes a systematic calibration process of a Vissim model, based on data derived from BT detectors. It also provides instructions how to calibrate and validate a highway network model based upon a case study and establishes an example for practitioners that are interested in designing highway networks with micro simulation tools. Within this case study, a 94,5 % proper calibration to all segments was achieved First, an overview of the systematic calibration approach that will be followed is presented. A description of the given datasets follows. Finally, model's systematic calibration and validation based on BT data from segments under free flow conditions is thoroughly explained. The delivered calibrated Vissim model acts as a test bed, which in combination with other analysis tools can be used for potential future exploitation regarding transportation related purposes.


Summary Party autonomy is a recognized concept in commercial arbitration worldwide. The traditional aspect of international arbitration where three arbitrators are appointed has been subject to criticism in the past as well as today. The appointment of a sole arbitrator purportedly allows for shorter arbitration proceedings while appointing three arbitrators tends to prolong international arbitration. The limitations of party autonomy have been moving beyond the old horizons as within current global relations the parties tend to avoid making a decision on the appointment of arbitrators themselves and thus arbitration bodies or tribunals have to act instead of them. The objective of this study is thus to provide an analysis of the issue from a broader viewpoint and to present the differences of opinion together with interesting conclusions across the expert community.


In this paper we consider the flow field induced in an incompressible viscous conducting fluid, occupying the interior of a right circular cone, by an electriccurrent source situated at the vertex of the cone. We assume that the velocity field is small and its effect on the electromagnetic field is negligible. A similarity solution is obtained for the non-linear problem. This solution is an adaptation of Slezkin's solution for the momentum transfer through a viscous jet and, apart from the numerical solution of a Riccati type of equation, is exact. In particular, we investigate the case when the half angle of the cone is ½π and the fluid occupies the whole space on one side of an infinite plane. We also consider the corresponding inviscid flow problem that was recently investigated by another author and suggest that the solution obtained is not physically realistic.


Newspaper clipping of a column by Marianne Means discussing the WASP and their efforts to obtain veterans' benefits. The back of the clipping includes an article about Hurricane Anita and coupons for goods and services at Firestone.


ObjectiveTo present electron micrographs of lung tissue obtained from a patient exposed to high ventilatory pressures in the context of pulmonary dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. DesignCase report. SettingAdult intensive care unit of a university-affiliated teaching hospital. PatientsA patient exposed to high-pressure mechanical ventilation during support for acute respiratory distress syndrome; the acute respiratory distress syndrome in this case was secondary to septic shock. Measurements and Main ResultsScanning electron micrographs of lung tissue, focusing on the internal alveolar surfaces. FindingsMultiple gross disruptions of the alveolar walls, suggestive of stress fractures. ConclusionHigh-pressure mechanical ventilation may promote fracturing of the alveolar blood:airspace barrier.