C reactive protein is sensitive physiological biomarkers of sub clinical inflammation associated with hyperglycemia. The aim of this study is to determine the fasting serum C reactive protein level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetic clinic in Benin City, Nigeria. The population sample consists of 142 subjects. 71 patients were known type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the other 71 were age matched control subjects. Fasting glucose and C reactive protein were estimated using glucose oxidase method and ELISA method respectively. The age group that has the highest number of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 41 - 50 (64% of males and 36% of the females). Our finding revealed that C reactive protein and serum glucose level of type 2 Diabetes mellitus in both females and males show a statistically significant increase as compared with age matched Control subjects, (P


Abstract A model for distribution of chemical potential and concentration polarization enhanced by gel accumulated on membrane surface has been proposed. It provides distribution of chemical potential and concentration in the liquid phase and within the gel layer. The model allows analyzing the influence of thickness of fouling gel layer on the CP degree, surface concentration and chemical potential. The model is based on the following assumptions: 1. process is accompanied by accumulation of gel layer at membrane surface along with concentration polarization; 2. diffusion layer and deposited gel consist of different components and these layers are characterized by different values of diffusivity coefficients; 3. correlation for effective hindered back diffusion coefficient within deposited layer is adopted from [Boudreau, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 1996]; 4. transverse transport is based on the following mechanisms: convection due to pressure difference and back diffusion owing to concentration gradient. The following conclusions have been drawn: (A) diffusion resistance within the gel layer is getting dominant and cannot be ignored; (B) In the presence of a gel layer the membrane surface concentration, C1M, is enhanced due to hindered back diffusion of salt ions that in turn, results in growth of osmotic pressure and chemical potential at the membrane surface. It provides elevated salt concentration in permeate and decreases the net driving force; (C) Analysis of calculated data indicates high sensitivity of CP degree to coefficient of hindered back diffusion within gel layer.


Introduction:
 Given the high prevalence of obesity around the globe, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at an increased risk of devastating complications.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesize that morbid obesity is independently associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, upgrade to intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation(IVM), and acute renal failure necessitating dialysis.

 Methods:
 A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the association of basal metabolic index (BMI) with the above-mentioned outcomes. Independent t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to calculate mean differences and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively.

 Results:
 A total of 176 patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included. The mean age was 62.2 years, with 51% of male patients. The mean BMI for non-surviving patients was significantly higher compared to patients surviving on the 7th day of hospitalization (35 vs. 30 kg/m2, p=0.022) and patients with a higher BMI had higher in-hospital mortality (21% vs. 9%, OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-8.2, p=0.01) compared to patients with a normal BMI. Similarly, patients requiring IMV had a higher BMI (33 vs. 29, p=0.002) compared to non-intubated patients. aOR of patients needing IMV (56% vs. 28%, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6-7.0, p=0.002) and upgrade to ICU (46% vs. 28%, OR 2.2, 1.07-4.6, p=0.04) were significantly higher compared to patients with a lower BMI. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the need for dialysis (5% vs. 13%, OR 3.8, 13% vs. 4%, 1.1-14.1, p=0.07). Adjusted odds ratios controlled for baseline comorbidities and medications mirrored the overall results, except for the need to upgrade to ICU.

 Conclusions:
 In patients with confirmed COVID-19, morbid obesity serves as an independent risk factor of high in-hospital mortality and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation.


Myrtos Beach (Cephalonia Island, Ionian Sea, Greece) represents a pocket beach with strong touristic, economic and natural interest. In this research, the morphodynamic behavior of the coastal area (e.g., hydrodynamic and sedimentary state, morphology, orientation, etc.), the current wave conditions (extreme and dominant waves, wave exposure), and also external factors, such as human impact and the geotechnical condition of the wider area, are examined. Short- and medium-to-long-term analysis took place, such as mapping, sediment analysis, wave/wind analysis, numerical modeling, and satellite monitoring, in order to identify the dynamic forcing parameters related to geomorphology, sedimentology, and hydrology that prevail in the area. Additionally, the intense tectonics, the karstified limestones, and the steep slopes of the cliffs in combination with the frequent seismic events on the island set up a geotechnically unstable area, which often cause landslides on the beach of Myrtos; these supply the beach with a large amount of aggregates, constituting the main sediment supply. Wave exposure forcing conditions, longshore–rip current direction, and other hydrodynamic processes are stable with high values in the area, causing notable sediment transport within the bay boundaries. As a result, at Myrtos Bay there is a dynamic balance of the natural system, which is directly affected by human interventions. Taking also into consideration that Myrtos is one of the most famous beaches in Greece and one of the main attractions of Cephalonia Island with thousands of visitors every year, beach management must be focused on preserving the natural system of the coastal area.


On a computer, if we duplicate a file, the duplicated file is no different from the first file and this can be done in a fairly short time. In this case, what will be duplicated is a word document file with docx extension. SHA (Secure hash Algorithm) is a hash algorithm that is relatively new. The selection of the SHA-256 algorithm is inseparable from several previous studies that have examined the performance of this algorithm. The SHA-256 algorithm is able to detect changes that occur in digital images even though the changes that occur are only 1 pixel, the small differences that occur in the image produce a very significant difference from the hash value with an accuracy level of up to 100%. SHA - 256 produces a message digest with 256 bits in length. SHA - 256 is classified as safe because it is designed in such a way that it is not possible to get messages related to the same message digest.


This paper reviews the bevel-edge termination techniques for silicon carbide (SiC) power devices, such as bevel junction termination extension (JTE), resistive-bevel termination, bevel-assisted JTE, and positive-bevel termination. The proposed bevel-edge termination techniques significantly reduce the chip size for SiC power devices. PiN diodes and test structures were fabricated to quantify the relative performance of the proposed structures. Quantitative comparison in chip size reduction, process schemes, and future research directions is discussed in detail.


1,2-Dispirodienones were synthesized by hypervalent iodine-mediated phenolic oxidation of p-hydroxy acetanilides. The reaction is compatible with several substituted anilides and affords a new class of 1,2-dispirodienones that are remarkably stable under thermal or acidic conditions.


In non-circular gears of hydromachines used for transit of oil, fuel-oil residue and water, difference takes place not only between gear teeth profiles, but also between lateral profiles of the same tooth. Profiling of such gears requires application of complex mathematical apparatus. The solution to the inverse task of formation is even more complex in this case. This paper proposes a geometrical model of solution to the task of profiling a non-circular gear, the centroid of which consists of interconnected arcs. It is effective in case all the conditions of formation are met. The proposed automated solid computer-aided modeling of the direct and the inverse tasks of formation realized on virtual imitation level allows us not only to acquire the envelope of the profile, but also to observe the possible formation of transition curves and undercuts. It reveals constructive and technological conditions under which they appear, presents an opportunity to conduct the respective research in order to introduce the required corrections into the kinematic scheme of formation, which results in achieving a high-grade solution to the task of profiling. Automated solid modeling of the inverse task of formation allows us to validate the solution to the allocated task and, if necessary, to refine the initial data and therefore exclude the necessity to conduct the expensive full-scale experiments. The results of the study can be used in non-circular gear design in the field of hydromachines used for transit of oil, fuel-oil residue and water.


The theory of the Fourier series method is presented for 2‐dimensional, homogeneous, isotropic structures with rectangular geometry. The theory allows for any normal stress to be specified at any boundary with the shear stresses at all boundaries assumed to be zero. The stress relaxation near the free surface due to a single isolated strained layer is calculated. It is found that the component of the stress relaxation normal to the surface decays as 1/r within the strained layer, where r is the distance from the free surface. A single strained layer with linearly graded composition from 1% to 0.8% is examined and it is found that only small asymmetries are present in the strain relaxation and surface displacement. Finally, the strain relaxation due to a single strained layer during growth is calculated and it is found that the maximum shear strain at the corner of the structure is slightly larger than that due to a single capped strained layer.


Abstract We present a new surgical technique where skin closure was obtained in the treatment of a thoracolumbar myelomeningocele by mobilization of four muscle flaps, two reverse latissimus dorsi muscle flaps combined with the caudal portions of two trapezius muscle flaps.


Groundwater flooding can cause significant social and economic disruption in the UK. In the wet winter of 2000-1, groundwater flooding disrupted the mainline London to Brighton rail link and the A23. Costs associated with groundwater flooding are often more than those associated with surface water flooding, due to the longer duration of flooding. Councils need to assess the degree of risk of groundwater flooding and take account of it in planning. The British Geological Survey (BGS) is studying the risk of groundwater flooding in the UK. Groundwater flooding occurs when groundwater levels rise to the land surface. Groundwater flooding is likely to be underreported compared with surface water flooding. It is largely restricted to permeable aquifers, particularly chalk, where there are no overlying impermeable deposits. It tends to occur at the end of the recharge season. DEFRA commissioned a set of maps (Groundwater Emergence Maps, GEMs) showing areas of potential groundwater emergence. The BGS is developing techniques to map flood susceptibility at local and national scales and statistical tools to help predict groundwater flooding up to 6 months in advance. From spring 2006, the Environment Agency will assume a strategic overview for monitoring groundwater flooding in England and Wales.


Overheating of the brake disc is a major concern in the brake performance. Overheating is the main cause of a reduction in braking efficiency, especially if a vehicle is fully loaded. The heat dissipation rate for Solid rotors is very low. In order to increase the heat dissipation rate, the disc must be used with ventilation provided on it. Further in ventilated disc rotors, the ribs in between the rotors provide cooling. The ribs allow the flow of heat and pull out the air in between the rotors for efficient cooling. In this research, four different brake disc namely, Solid Disc (SL), Cross-drilled disc (CD), Cross-slot disc (CS) and Hybrid disc (CD-CS-SG) which is a combination of Cross drilled and slot with side groove have been analyzed at various brake conditions in the form of heat generation and thermal stresses. The temperature gradient over the surface is studied using the thermal numerical simulations and the stress generated within the structure core of hybrid rotor is studied using the thermo-structural coupling. These results of the optimized hybrid rotor are compared with the results of the primitive design of solid, cross-slotted and curved vane ventilated disc rotors. The results when compared at a given constant angular velocity, the hybrid ventilated brake disc rotor with a side groove proves to be superior to the primitive types in mechanical and thermal properties. It is also been observed that the disc surface temperature was increased with an increase in braking time. Whereas, heat dissipation was found to be maximum in the hybrid brake disc as compared to all configurations. More thermal stresses were observed in hybrid brake disc especially at the corners as compared to solid disc.


Well LX30 is a highly deviated preliminary prospecting well which is first tested drilling a conventional borehole in original wellbore in Jiangsu Oilfield.Comparing with sidetracking well in 139.7mm casing,the problems such as drilling difficulties,low drilling speed and unstable cementing quality etc.in slim holes have been solved.By means of exploding and cutting casing,We pulled 139 7 casing out of the well and complted sidetracking in conventional borehole and fulfilled well trajectory control.By use of a series of reducing friction techniques,casing withdrawal and sidetracking operation was accomplished successfully in well LX30.


We present our experimental and theoretical work developing measurement-feedback implementations of precision sensors using cold atomic ensembles. We will focus on our work on spin-squeezed magnetometers.


The Software Designer's Associate (SDA) is a workstation-based collection of tools which support the description, evaluation, and comparison of software system architectural designs and cooperation among, and management of, a team of software designers. Each SDA is a specific instance of a generic facility which supports a team member's design activities, cooperation among team members, and overall team management. It provides a framework for the integration of tools supporting the use of various notations within the context of a particular set of technical and managerial methods. These tools, notations, and methods may be adapted to support the needs of a particular project or the habits of an individual developer by selecting the particular tools to be added to the generic facility. The authors describe the concept of SDAs and the cooperative, international project which is intended to lend to its realization.<<ETX>>


Providing faith oriented services to the psychotherapy consumer presents challenges for the integration of faith with the business of managing a clinical practice. Using both American and Canadian experience, we are proposing that a faith based clinical practice is a viable model for providing professional clinical services. As clinicians interested in integrating their spirituality in the therapeutic relationship, we will address some of the practical issues confronting those who offer spiritual resources in clinical settings. The Economic Climate Clinicians are not used to thinking that in economic terms, psychotherapy is a discretionary service. It is our experience that there is a strong correlation between the availability of discretionary household income and the choice to enter psychotherapy. In a tight economy people will choose to spend their income on meeting basic needs rather than on luxury products and services. Canadian studies have estimated that nearly one in five Canadian adults will personally experience a mental illness during a 1 year period (Health Canada, 2002). People in the United States with low incomes and no insurance are nearly twice as likely as the general population to be diagnosed with mental illness (Mauksch et al., 2001). Governments and insurance or managed care companies make similar economic decisions. When money is tight, mental health needs receive lower priority even though the tight economy puts more pressure and stress on the part of the population that is vulnerable. According to the Psychotherapy Finances' 2000 survey, income from psychotherapy was very stable in the 1990's, but the income of psychotherapists has dropped by 22% since 2000. Three reasons for the change in the economics of clinical practice were identified. First is the introduction of managed care in the United States. Managed care treats psychotherapy as a commodity. Based on diagnosis, a specific therapeutic regime is prescribed and a length of treatment is expected without regard to either the specific circumstances of the patient or the unique qualifications of the therapist. In a mature market place where overall product quality is high and where there is an abundance of trained clinicians, product differentiation is determined by price and psychotherapy becomes a commodity. Managed care companies are paying between $00 to $75 per session and capping the number of treatment sessions. The therapist's credentials and qualifications are secondary in an empirically based treatment approach. The second economic factor is the erosion of self paying clients. According to the Psychotherapy Finances data, self paying clients were averaging 44% of a clinical practice in the 1990's but have declined to about 20% of a clinical practice at present. The specific economic circumstances of the geographic area of your practice may make a difference; your practice economics will be different depending on whether your local economy is growing or in distress. Third, the overhead costs of maintaining a practice have not gone down. About 30% to 45% of the income from your practice goes to keeping the lights on. The costs of insurance, professional accreditation and ongoing training are not going down. Clinical practice is a business, as well as mission driven, and the economics of psychotherapy matter. Developing a clinical practice that provides a living wage has been a challenge since professional psychotherapy first began. Freud acknowledged the challenges of economic fluctuations in his practice. In a letter to Wilhelm Fliess in 1899, Freud wrote: My mood also depends very strongly on my earnings. Money is a laughing gas for me. I know from my youth that once the wild horses of the pampas have been lassoed, they retain a certain anxiousness for life. Thus I came to know the helplessness of poverty and continually fear it. You will see that my style will improve and my ideas will be more correct if this city provides me with an ample livelihood. …


Body composition is the composition of a human organism represented by the size and grouping of the existing measurable segments of which it is made. The aim of this review is to determine the effects of physical activity on body composition of children, based on collected and analysed study. Descriptive method and theoretical analysis have been used for collection , classification and analysis of the targeted study. The study was collected by searching electronic databases of scientific data. The case study includes 20 closely related studies. In all of them, except in one study within this review, the authors have come to the conclusion that physical activity has statistically significant positive effects on body composition of children.


The bacterial communities performing endophytic lifestyle have been proven to possess a number of characteristics useful to host plants and thus are considered as "plant probiotics". Many probiotic bacteria were reported for antagonism against different plant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. The use of endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents would have great potentials, allowing reducing the use of agrochemicals and thus support a sustainable agriculture.
       In this study, endophytic bacteria isolated from rice plants of IR4625 cultivar from Long An province, Vietnam were used for screening strains that have antagonistic activity against Dickeya zeae (Dz), the bacterium causing foot rot disease. The rice plants had foot rot disease symptoms, i.e. dark-brown foot with odor smell typical for bacterial infection. Strain VY81 was isolated from a surface sterilized rice stem sample adjacent to the foot rot area. The crude extract of strain VY81 showed significant antagonistic activity against Dz, with the inhibition zone of 14,25 mm ± 1,06 in diameter. Strain VY81 produced the compound antagonizing Dz at maximal level after 48 h cultivated in TSB medium. The activity was found mainly in the culture broth, just a small part was found intracellularly. The bioactive compound antagonizing D. zeae produced by strain VY81 was purified by HPLC and analyzed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The compound was identified as a quinoline alkaloid, the chemical formula is C17H21ON with chemical name 2-(2-heptenyl)-3-methyl-4(1H)-quinolone. Comparative analyses of the 16S rDNA gene sequence revealed that strain VY81 belonged to the genus Burkholderia, most closely related to Burkholderia cepacia (99,77% sequence homology). The 16S rDNA sequence of strain VY81 was deposited at GenBank under accession number MW056196. Strain VY81 and its quinolone compound would have application potential for development of biocontrol product against the foot rot disease caused by Dickeya zeae.


We propose a method to build an astronomical interferometer using continuous variable quantum teleportation to overcome the transmission loss between distant telescopes. The scheme relies on two-mode squeezed states shared by distant telescopes as entanglement resources, which are distributed using continuous variable quantum repeaters. We find the optimal measurement on the teleported states, which uses beam-splitters and photon-number-resolved detection. Compared to prior proposals relying on discrete states, our scheme has the advantages of using linear optics to implement the scheme without wasting stellar photons and making use of multiphoton events, which are regarded as noise in previous discrete schemes.


A review of the technology, history, and current status for pressurized expulsion of cryogenic tankage is presented. Use of tank pressurization to expel cryogenic fluids will continue to be studied for future spacecraft applications over a range of operating conditions in the low-gravity environment. The review examines experimental test results and analytical model development for quiescent and agitated conditions in normal-gravity, followed by a discussion of pressurization and expulsion in low-gravity. Validated, one-dimensional, finite difference codes exist for the prediction of pressurant mass requirements within the range of quiescent normal-gravity test data. To date, the effects of liquid sloshing have been characterized by tests in normal-gravity, but analytical models capable of predicting pressurant gas requirements remain unavailable. Efforts to develop multidimensional modeling capabilities in both normal and low-gravity recently


26 The presence of Listeria monocytogenes in a sliced cooked, cured ham-like meat product was 27 quantitatively assessed. Sliced cooked, cured meat products are considered as high risk products. These 28 ready-to-eat, RTE, products (no special preparation, e.g. thermal treatment, before eating is required), 29 support growth of pathogens (high initial pH=6.2-6.4 and water activity=0.98-0.99) and has a relatively 30 long period of storage at chilled temperatures with a shelf life equal to 60 days based on manufacturer"s 31 instructions. Therefore, in case of post-process contamination, even with low number of cells, the 32 microorganism is able to reach unacceptable levels at the time of consumption. The aim of this study 33 was to conduct a Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment (QMRA) on the risk of L. 34 monocytogenes presence in RTE meat products. This may help risk managers to make decisions and 35 apply control measures with ultimate objective the food safety assurance. Examples are given to 36 illustrate the development of practical risk management strategies based on the results obtained from 37 the QMRA model specifically developed for this pathogen/food product combination. 38 39


In the present investigation we aim to provide experimental information on and thereby understanding of the generation and propagation of spark-ignited, outwardly propagating cellular flames, with three major focuses. The first is to unambiguously demonstrate the influence of the four most important parameters in inducing hydrodynamic and diffusional-thermal cellularities, namely thermal expansion, flame thickness, non-unity Lewis number, and global activation energy. The second is to investigate the critical state for the onset of cellularity for the stretch-affected, expanding flame. The third is to identify and consequently quantify the phenomena of self-acceleration and possibly auto-turbulization of cellular flames. Due to space limitation the effects of activation energy and the critical state for the onset of cellularity will not be discussed herein. Experiments were conducted using C3H8-air and H2-O2-N2 mixtures for their opposite influences of non-equidiffusivity. The additional system parameters varied were the chamber pressure (p) and the mixture composition including the equivalence ratio (phi). From a sequence of the flame images we can assess the propensity of cell formation, and determine the instantaneous flame radius (R), the flame propagation rate, the global stretch rate experienced by the flame, the critical flame radius at which cells start to grow, and the average cell size.


Recent attempts to define engineering and technological literacy show that the process of producing a product is complex and that different levels of engineering and technological literacy are required by non-engineers who engage in the management of technology and its products. The dimensions of engineering and technological literacy cover a broad range of activities from how to make things (artefacts, software) to studying the impact those things make on society. The public at large are likely to be more interested in the impact of technology than the nitty-gritty of making things that are rightly the interest of the manager. Common to both is the need to understand people. In society failures to understand the impact of technologies on individuals can have adverse consequences. Similarly failures to understand one's employees can lead to the withdrawal of labour or a loss of motivation. It is incumbent therefore, that those who would wish to manage engineers or those who design artefacts have a critical understanding of human behaviour. One approach to understanding people and organizations is to understand how we learn; for learning is a necessary, if contingent, activity in which success and failure contribute to our future actions. All life is necessarily a learning activity that contributes to our behaviour. We all have theories or philosophies (explicitly or unconsciously held) of how people learn that contribute to our personal behaviour. In spite of this very little attention is paid to how we learn in the education system except for one or two courses on learning-how-to learn. Yet we do expect the products of education to be able to think critically and those who study critical thinking regard meta-cognition, the ability to reflect on our own learning, as a key skill in critical thinking. At the same time many students find thinkingabout-thinking difficult. One impediment to such understanding is the view that each person thinks differently to the other. Many people find that the idea that there are others with the same learning style as themselves disconcerting and reject the idea that there are instruments that can detect these learning styles, and that an instructors knowledge of the learning styles can influence the way a lesson is structured and improve the effectiveness of learning. A possible way to interest students in their own learning is through case studies of learning organizations. Organizations that are successful continually learn. In any event organizations are at their simplest aggregates of learners. The factors that impede and enhance learning in classrooms also impede and enhance learning in organizations. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate this case by means of a case study of a manufacturing organization. It is shown that study of the organization leads to a number questions that should enable the reader to reflect on their own thinking skills.


The magnetic field due to an azimuthally symmetric distribution of subsurface electric current, which may be associated with vertical hydrocarbon seepage, vanishes above the ground surface. However, geologic conditions in general do not provide perfect isotropic conditions, and, in theory, some magnetic fields can be generated by the magnetoelectric effect. Sedimentary rock sections are relatively isotropic, particularly in the stratigraphic plane. Thus, hydrocarbon seepage‐induced magnetic fields above the ground surface may never be significant, even if strong electric currents are associated with the seepage. All current‐generated magnetic fields, of whatever origin, must obey Ampere's law; no line integral operation can distinguish a magnetic field having one origin from that of any other origin. Therefore, seepage‐induced magnetic anomalies, if they exist at all, are probably useless for hydrocarbon exploration because it is virtually impossible to distinguish them from other anomalies of unknown ori...


Usually, the Poynting vector is considered to be a vector field expressing the power flow. However, in many textbooks on electromagnetics the following statements are given which cause confusion: (a) since an arbitrary vector field with zero divergence can be added without violating the energy conservation law, the Poynting vector is not a unique expression for the power flow; and (b) the Poynting vector has nonzero value near a charged magnet. Since it cannot be accepted that a power flow exists in such a space, the Poynting vector may not represent a power flow.

Such statements which cause confusion come from the education in which the relativistic aspects of electromagnetic theory have not been considered seriously. This paper is intended to contribute to the electromagnetic education and presents: (a) a clear explanation for the fact that the electromagnetic theory is essentially relativistic; (b) an explanation why the Nukiyama vector does not replace the Poynting vector; (c) general conditions to be satisfied by a vector which can be added to the Poynting vector; and (d) the basis on which we take the Poynting vector as the only expression for the power flow density.


Multicolumn Electron Beam Lithography (MEBL), a proprietary technology platform developed by Multibeam Corporation, is being applied to enable Security Lithography – a maskless embedding of unique security information into each IC during routine wafer fabrication. This paper focuses on ensuring Secure Chip ID, which provides traceability of a chip throughout its lifecycle and enables confirmation of its unique identity and provenance. The complete MEBL embedding process is disclosed – from chip design to IC fab to verification test. This paper also shows how MEBL hardcoding of the Secure Chip ID "at the silicon level" makes the embedding process cost-efficient and tamperproof.


The aim of this research is the examination of the theme of "Mehr" of love as an eternal and permanent concept (one of the fundamental concepts in Iranian rich arts) and to demonstrate the fact that which concepts have been used by Iranian artists in creating their works. Have designers been affected by abstract and ritual concepts in the peak of their artistic activities? Why using these topics has attracted artists' attention more? The research method used in this paper is a descriptive and analytical one. First, it involves the meaning and definition of the word and realm from the point of view of Iranian Sufism particularly Iranian ancient religions (Mehr) and its various aspects have been stated. Then, the impact of these symbols and concepts have been estimated in Iranian paintings in its peak era, Safavid. The results show that pre-Islamic and oldest religious thoughts can be seen in postIslamic period; designers in various periods, intentionally and unintentionally, have been affected by these old themes. Additionally, the concept of love and Mehr symbols is prevalent in Safavid painting, whether the subject of the painting is love or not. It is interesting that most of symbols and designs are female both in Mehr ritual and in the meaning of love; More than half of the motifs are feminine ones. In this analysis, it is proved that Iranian painting has been deeply affected by religions and ancient themes especially Mehr symbols and ritual; furthermore, the paper shows that the concept of love is a common theme among related painters.


Abstract This study was designed to investigate the general nature of environmental management (EM) and practices of hotels in Korea based on each participating hotel's general manager's (GM) perspective. It explored the awareness and concern of the GMs' environmental issues and the influential reasons of implementing the EMpractices. Structured, in-depth interviews with our developed survey were used to collect the combined qualitative and quantitative data from 37 general managers in Korean hotels. The study found that the GMs' lack genuine care of environmental issues whereas most hotels implement environmental practices regarding waste management/recycling, energy savings, employee and customer educational programs in a surface level. Such results lead us to conclude that the GMs in Korean hotels need to pay more attention regarding environmental attitudes and knowledge to achieve environmental goals better.


There are high expectations also in the urban areas for generating electricity by small scale wind turbines. In the inhabited city area of Budapest we made an experimental research for metering and modeling the wind climate of one of the buildings of Óbuda University. We had a wind meter-pair, one of them was used as a reference metering and we mapped the wind place-by-place. After the 10 times two weeks long metering periods we calculated the correlation of the reference point and the actual spot meterings. For the validation of the metering we made a computer simulation, too. We arrived at the conclusion that metering and the simulation had a good correlation but in the urban area the wind course was really weak in the possible heights (approx. 10 meter above the buildings).


In automobile industry, the product has many facets like engine, brakes, steering system, electronic instrumentation etc. The complex nature of modern automobile industry results in challenging environment for the manufacturer to satisfy customer requirements. Automobile manufacturers today develop products with certain variants for satisfying needs of a bigger group of customer. The customer then selects the option as per individual requirements from the choices available. In this paper a decision support framework is designed for family carsusing the fuzzy logic to assist the customer in selecting most suitable product from predefined product variants. The effectiveness and feasibility of the decision support framework are imperially validated by a case study wherein steering system and braking system are considered as decisive features. To get the most appropriate product as per the customer requirement, combinations of different membership functions such as Triangular, Trapezoidal& Gaussian are used for input as well as output variables. The system is then analyzed for product selection. The developed system is tested using MATLAB and also validated by center of sum and centroid methods. It is observed that input membership function as Gaussian function and output as trapezoidal membership function is mapped very well for decision making. The results are well endorsed by MATLAB for decision support. Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of 7th International Conference of Materials Processing and Characterization.


Context. The Goldreich-Kylafis (GK) effect causes certain molecular line emission to be weakly linearly polarized, e.g., in the presence of a magnetic field. Compared to polarized dust emission, the GK effect potentially yields additional information along the line of sight through its dependence on velocity in the line profile. Aims. Our goal was to detect polarized molecular line emission toward the DR21(OH), W3OH/H2O, G34.3+0.2, and UYSO 1 dense molecular cloud cores in transitions of rare CO isotopologues and CS. The feasibility of such observations had to be established by studying the influence of polarized sidelobes, e.g., in the presence of extended emission in the surroundings of compact sources. Methods. The observations were carried out with the IRAM 30 m telescope employing the correlation polarimeter XPOL and using two orthogonally polarized receivers. We produced beam maps to investigate instrumental polarization. Results. While a polarized signal is found in nearly all transitions toward all sources, its degree of polarization in only one case surpasses the polarization that can be expected from instrumental effects. It is shown that any emission in the polarized sidelobes of the system can produce instrumental polarization, even if the source is unpolarized. Tentative evidence of astronomically polarized line emission with pL 1.5% was found in the CS(2-1) line toward G34.3+0.2.


Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based scatterometry offers breakthrough opportunities for wave, wind, ice, and soil moisture remote sensing. Recent developments in electronics and nano-satellite technologies combined with modeling techniques developed over the past 20 years are enabling a new class of remote sensing capabilities that present more cost effective solutions to existing problems while opening new applications of Earth remote sensing. Key information about the ocean and global climate is hidden from existing space borne observatories because of the frequency band in which they operate. Using GNSS-based bi-static scatterometry performed by a constellation of microsatellites offers remote sensing of ocean wave, wind, and ice data with unprecedented temporal resolution and spatial coverage across the full dynamic range of ocean wind speeds in all precipitating conditions. The NASA Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) is a space borne mission being developed to study tropical cyclone inner core processes. CYGNSS consists of 8 GPS bi-static radar receivers to be deployed on separate micro-satellites in October 2016. CYGNSS will provide data to address what are thought to be the principle deficiencies with current tropical cyclone intensity forecasts: inadequate observations and modeling of the inner core. The inadequacy in observations results from two causes: 1) Much of the inner core ocean surface is obscured from conventional remote sensing instruments by intense precipitation in the eye wall and inner rain bands. 2) The rapidly evolving (genesis and intensification) stages of the tropical cyclone life cycle are poorly sampled in time by conventional polar-orbiting, wide-swath surface wind imagers. It is anticipated that numerous additional Earth science applications can also benefit from the cost effective high spatial and temporal sampling capabilities of GNSS remote sensing. These applications include monitoring of rough and dangerous sea states, global observations of sea ice cover and extent, meso-scale ocean circulation studies, and near surface soil moisture observations. This presentation provides a primer for GNSS based scatterometry, an overview of NASA's CYGNSS mission and its expected performance, as well as a summary of possible other GNSS based remote sensing applications.


A single NMOS circuit serving as a programmable controller, but containing a counter to implement a phase-locked loop plus other logic functions, will be described. Circuit has been designed for a low-cost digitally-tuned AM/FM radio.


The selection of the supplier is a very important because it can affect performance in fulfilling the raw materials. Supplier selection process at PT Makmur Sentosa Alindo International (AMSI) is done only by checking the prices of goods at the cheapest per supplier and the availability of goods, so that the quality of raw materials and the accuracy of the number of orders that are not purchased in accordance with the desired. PT AMSI should be more careful in their purchases of raw materials. PT AMSI require additional criteria such as the accuracy of the number of orders and the quality of raw materials in the raw material supplier selection thus obtained as expected. PT AMSI requires a decision support system that generates suggestions or recommendations based on the results of supplier selection criteria condition or expected. Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) is a method of decision-making by many criteria. With the supplier selection decision support system capable of generating suggestions or recommendations based on the results of supplier selection criteria desired condition.


Operating lifetime of rail-cars greatly depends on fitness of braking systems and on effectiveness of their constructions. Various braking systems are being elaborated in this trend where lever transmissions are used. Designing of a braking lever transmission for rolling stocks is a very urgent problem. A transmission should be simple and should contain minimum number of levers and hinges. Increased reliability and operating lifetime of braking lever transmissions for rail-cars are achieved in the work. A new construction of rail-car braking lever transmission is elaborated where number of levers and braking joints are decreased significantly and it ensures increase of traffic safety and economic efficiency. A calculating dynamic model of a new construction is elaborated in the work, which obey the basic provisions of mathematical analysis. Dynamical loads in joints of the construction are calculated taking into account increased wear and stresses. Accomplished work provides with possibility for solution of urgent problems. Introduction of the mentioned construction will significantly increase reliability and operating indices of modern rail-cars.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


Electrical hollow-shaft drive motor (2) comprising a coil-bearing (16) stator (18), a an excitation system (30) having rotor (26), which together define substantially the contour of the drive motor (2) which are arranged coaxially and is formed by the coaxial cylindrical through opening (28), an output (44) and an elastic coupling (36) between the rotor (26) and output (44) which is formed such that it (displacements between the output (44) and drive motor 2) allows the clutch (36) within the contour of the drive motor (2) is arranged.


The color and the music are inseparable and supplement each other. Where there is color, we can feel the existence of music. This article explores the mysterious relation between the color and the music from different perspectives such as words, psychology, physics, color, music and film-video.


Diaphragm fishways are often used in fishway engineering construction. Although there are an increasing number of new types of fishways, other types of diaphragm fishways can be derived from the combination or evolution of the following three basic types of fishways: vertical slot, overflow weir and orifice. To compare the hydraulic characteristics of different foundation types of fishways, the operations of vertical slot fishways, overflow weir fishways and orifice fishways are calculated by numerical simulation, and we comprehensively compare the flow field characteristics and application scenarios of various types of fishways from the two dimensions of hydraulic characteristics and application characteristics. This paper analyses the hydraulic characteristics of the flow field, such as velocity distribution and turbulent kinetic energy, and analyses the application characteristics of the fishway from the aspects of applicable flow, favourite swimming speed range, explosive swimming speed, fish passing position, and the matching characteristics of typical target fish. It is concluded that the vertical slot fishway can be widely applied to different target fish species due to its own advantages, such as less impact from environmental conditions. The characteristics of the overflow weir fishway and orifice fishway need to be analysed in combination with the hydraulic characteristics of the fishway, the swimming ability of the target fish species and the natural environmental conditions.


ABSTRACT The Mycobacterium tuberculosis cmk gene, predicted to encode a CMP kinase (CMK), was cloned and expressed, and its product was purified to homogeneity. Steady-state kinetics confirmed that M. tuberculosis CMK is a monomer that preferentially phosphorylates CMP and dCMP by a sequential mechanism. A plausible role for CMK is discussed.


Josephson junctions have been seen to have critical currents with probability distributions not adequately described by a normal (Gaussian) distribution. Junctions analyzed were fabricated in the MIT Lincoln laboratory SFQ5ee process with structure: substrate/Nb/Al/AlOx/Nb. The AlOx barrier was formed by room temperature oxidation of aluminum. Non-normal distributions are more pronounced for small junctions (diameters less than 1 μm). The observed distribution tails are higher than those for a normal distribution, which has implications for single-flux quantum circuits such as the maximum practical complexity and yield. An inverse Weibull probability distribution was found to best fit the conductance data. Methods are described to calculate the required circuit operating margins or achievable junction count, but require accurate models for the distribution tails.


Soil microbiologists make their discovery in the dirt and rarely look at the stars. The words of Leonardo da Vinci 'We know more about the movement of celestial bodies than about the soil underfoot' are as applicable now as they were in 1510 and, currently, scientists deciphering soil microbe genomes and exploring the metagenomes of soil ecosystems may learn from their sky-gazing colleagues. Keeping their feet in the mud, but having their head in the sky, may help them to avoid the (meta)genome-analysis gridlock. Metagenomics involves sampling and sequencing the genome sequences of a community of organisms that inhabit a common environment, such as the ocean, the soil or the human gut (Handelsman, 2004; Hugenholtz & Tyson, 2008). Metagenomics provides an unbiased picture of the community structure (species richness and distribution) and its functional potential. It is rapidly moving from being a description tool to an experimental tool as a result of comparisons now being made of metagenomes submitted to environmental perturbations. Soils are home to microbial communities whose aggregate membership (5 · 10) (Whitman et al., 1998) outnumbers the stars shining in the sky (7 · 10). Soil complex habitats contain an estimated 10 to 10 species in a single gram (Gans et al., 2005; Curtis & Sloan, 2006). Once the genomes of these hundreds of thousands of species that crawl on weathered rocks, decaying organic matter and in the rhizosphere are catalogued, the streams of data arising from soil will equal those pouring from star-gazing telescopes. However, a major problem has taken the microbiologist community offguard: how to analyze this exponentially increasing amount of sequence data. As quoted from Kahvejian et al. (2008) 'This surge of new data can be received as a flood, overwhelming the unsuspecting researcher, or as a tremendous wave that can be surfed to new horizons.' Soil (meta)genomics sprang from fast advances in sequencing technology, and continued improvements are providing data in quantities unimaginable a few years ago. In the coming years, mining a day's worth of data will take more than a day of large supercomputer time, and the fraction of the available data that we will be able to mine and analyze in a useful period of time will rapidly dwindle towards zero. Overcoming this bottleneck requires a shift in our frame of mind from mining databases to mining data streams. Recent papers (Singh et al., 2009) have highlighted the needs, requirements and challenges for sequencing microbial genomes and soil metagenomes in line with the Human Microbiome Project (http://nihroadmap.nih.gov/hmp/) and the Global Ocean Sampling Expedition (Rusch et al., 2007). Before discussing how other scientific communities are navigating through the hazards of massive data streams, we will summarize the current status of genomics and metagenomics of soil micro-organisms.


The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a structure body and a nozzle plate having a structure of a liquid, a nozzle plate of an inkjet head repellent surface as well. Structure of the present invention have exhibited a liquid repellency of the liquid repellent surface. The structure comprises: a substrate having a substrate surface; and a plurality of convex portions, the convex portions are arranged on the base surface of the substrate. Convex portion having characteristic angle, wherein said angle is defined as each of the convex portions and the side surface intersects the side surface and the angle between a plane parallel to the substrate surface, the inner protrusion angle on the sides and in the on a substrate surface made plane side. Wherein the convex portion is less than 90 ° and an angle less than the reference angle, the reference angle as a static contact angle of the liquid with respect to the reference plane is determined independently of the reference surface is smooth and having an equivalent chemical state of the side surface of the projecting portion chemical state.


GI songs or shinchū-gun songu in Japanese are legacies of the U.S. occupation of Japan, which started in 1945 with Japan's defeat in the Pacific War. Although the occupation officially ended in 1952, many American soldiers continued to arrive and remained in Japan even after 1952. This was due to the outbreak of the Korean War (1950-53), which made Japan America's advance base. GI songs generally refer to compositions addressed to American soldiers stationed in Japan during this occupation period and through the 1950s.


Purpose
The study aims to examine the impact of corporate governance in terms of certain board characteristics on the level of universities' voluntary sustainability disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach
A content analysis based on a comprehensive disclosure index – that also accounts for the impact that COVID-19 exerted on the social dimension of university activities – is performed on a sample of Italian public universities' websites for the year 2020. An ordinary least squares regression model is estimated to test the association between universities' board characteristics, namely, board size, board independence and board gender diversity (including the presence of a female rector), and online sustainability disclosure.

Findings
This study provides evidence that websites represent a valid tool used by universities to highlight their social performance and demonstrate their commitment to dealing with the pandemic's social and economic disruption by supporting their stakeholders. Board gender diversity and female Rector's presence are crucial factors that positively impact voluntary sustainability disclosure levels.

Practical implications
Policymakers and regulators can benefit from the study's findings. Using the results of this study, they may reflect on the need to regulate sustainability reporting in universities. In addition, findings may offer policymakers inspiration for regulating the presence of women on university boards.

Originality/value
This study offers novel contributions to existing literature analysing the university's voluntary sustainability disclosure practices through alternative communication tools such as websites. Moreover, it provides novel insight into the role of the board gender diversity in university sustainability disclosure practices.


Arbitration and litigation of labor are independent but related in procedure,which have their own rules.In fact,arbitration is set before litigation on labor dispute by procedural law.The content of arbitration is related with verdict.Once the claims of party are different in two procedures,the conflict between them is inevitable which will injure party's right.It is necessary to analyze the conflict and set a join-rule to make the transition between two procedures precise and smooth.


In the pursuit of an integrated common market, the European Union has endeavoured to create a Digital Single Market. As part of these efforts, on 23 March 2017, the European Commission adopted a new Communication on Interoperability, which introduced a revised European Interoperability Framework (EIF). The EIF gives guidance, through a set of 47 non-legally binding recommendations and 12 principles, to inspire European public administrations in their efforts to design and deliver seamless European public services to other public administrations, citizens and businesses. To measure the progress done over time by the Member States, the European Commission has created an integrated framework for monitoring, assessing and reporting on the implementation of the EIF under the ISA2 Programme (interoperability programme). To visualise the results of the EIF Monitoring Mechanism, three scoreboards have been created, which will allow to display the countries' performances.


When speaking about animals and their life, the characters' training in rhetoric proves ineffective. Clitophon, above all, appears to have studied his lessons at school, yet cannot either see their true meaning or understand that they do not work without a sound knowledge of real life.


The aim in this study was to know effect of the vaccine of Outer Membrane Protein 52 kDa in preventing damage of nile tilapia's gills that was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. Twenty of nile tilapia with average weight of 40 gram and approximately length of 10-12 cm were randomly devided into four group of treatment (P0(-), P0(+), P1 and P2) and five repetition. P0(-) (control, not vaccinated and not infected), P0(+) (not vaccinated and then infected by Aeromonas hydrophila)., P1 (nile tilapia was vaccinated whole cell protein "Hydrovac®" and then infected by Aeromonas hydrophila), P2 (nile tilapia was vaccinated Outer Membrane Protein 52 kDa and then infected by Aeromonas hydrophila). Histopathologic observed was lamella part which found lamellar oedema, lamellar hyperplasia, lamellar fusion and necrosis were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test indicates that there are significant differences (p<0.05) among treatment, the further test result by using Man-Whitney. The results of the study showed level of damage in the P2 lower than those P0(+) and P1. This proved that P2 effective can reduce damage in gills of nile tilapia.


An analysis of 2D subsonic flow over an NACA 0015 airfoil with a 30% trailing edge flap at a constant Reynolds number of 106 for various incidence angles and a range of flap deflections is presented. The steady-state governing equations of continuity and momentum conservation are solved combined with the realizable k-e turbulence model using the ANSYS-Fluent code (Version 13.7, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA). The primary objective of the study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of flow characteristics around the NACA 0015 airfoil as a function of the angle of attack and flap deflection at Re = 106 using the realizable k-e turbulence model. The results are validated through comparison of the predictions with the free field experimental measurements. Consistent with the experimental observations, the numerical results show that increased flap deflections increase the maximum lift coefficient, move the zero-lift angle of attack (AoA) to a more negative value, decrease the stall AoA, while the slope of the lift curve remains unchanged and the curve just shifts upwards. In addition, the numerical simulations provide limits for lift increment Δ C l and Cl, max values to be 1.1 and 2.2, respectively, obtained at a flap deflection of 50°. This investigation demonstrates that the realizable k-e turbulence model is capable of predicting flow features over an airfoil with and without flap deflections with reasonable accuracy.


Early warning indicators are the important part of College Students' psychological crisis early warning system.This article analyses research about college students' psychological crisis early warning indicators from 2003-2013 years and points out that the present relative research was weak.The main problems of theoretical research are: the research results mainly originated from the theoretical exploration and summary,the suicide early warning indicators and the psychological crisis early warning indicators are confused,the quantitative research of early warning indicators is ignored.The main problems of empirical study are: the indicators lack practice testing,the angles and the methodologies of research are single.


The 10∼35kV switchgear cabinet, in the current production and power system running, has been installed with the isolation baffle plate that can shield electrical part, but has not been designed to be installed with closed lock device that prevent the baffle plate opening during the checking and repairing. Therefore, the existing security measure completely depend on the personnel's security consciousness and supervision and the accident has happened. In this article, we analyze the current design disfigurement of switchgear cabinet, and hereby introduce a closed lock device that can reliably close the isolation baffle plate to prevent people incorrectly opening to touch electrical part. It not only make up the design disfigurement of anti-mistake of switchgear cabinet without changing the run operation process and affecting the, but also add the device of enforcement for the safety rule be profitable to anti-mistake, add protection for personnel safety.


A few pipes freezing method is often applied in artificial ground freezing projects for special construction condition requirement,such as two freezing pipes or three freezing pipes. Although there exist analytical solutions of steady-state temperature field for two freezing pipes and for three freezing pipes arranged in a straight row with equal spacing,the solutions cannot meet the requirements of other arrangements of three freezing pipes. Based on the potential superposition method,authors gave analytical solutions of steady state frozen temperature for three freezing pipes arranged in form of arbitrary triangle. Particular solutions were derived for some particular arrangements,such as three freezing pipes in linear arrangement with equal or unequal spacing,right triangle arrangement and isosceles triangle arrangement. Comparison of the analytical solutions with the numerical thermal analysis shows that the analytical solutions are precise enough. Furthermore,analytical solutions of steady state temperature field for two freezing pipes and for three freezing pipes arranged in a straight row with equal spacing,derived by potential function superposition,are verified to be the same as the existing solutions.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of simultaneous second primary tumor (SPT) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The survival of patients with simultaneous SPT was also compared with patients without.


The animal welfare is a series of practices that involves the maintenance of psychological and physiological freedoms of animals, to them remain healthy until slaughter and provide a satisfactory quality carcass and to avoid unnecessary suffering to animals. One way to evaluate the animal welfare is monitoring the occurrence of bruises on carcasses that is an indicative of inadequate management of the animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of bruises in cattle carcasses at a slaughterhouse located in the Midwest Region of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Was applied a "check-list" that determined the presence of bruises, the location and severity of them, ranking among scores I to III. Was observed in 98% (880/898) of the animals the presence of contusion. The Grade I injuries in the region of the hips at half carcasses had higher incidence with an average of 61.8% between the right and left sides. Could be observed multiple lesions in several animals slaughtered. In 133 animals observed were removed 15.6 kilograms of material only the injured region only of the hips, demonstrating economic losses to cattle farmers and industries for failures in animal welfare practices. The inappropriate pre-slaughter management compromises animal welfare and the quality of carcasses, discrediting our products on international meat trade and consisting in economic losses to the national cattle herds.


A present invention provides a system for compensating for one or more one or more signals and / or one or more parameters related to the time delay in the signal processing process of the method, a recordable medium reading device and the computer . It includes A downmix signal and spatial information, the method comprising: receiving encoded audio signal by the first downmix decoding scheme and a second downmix decoding scheme, wherein the first downmix decoding scheme configuring the processing the downmix signal, the method comprising delaying the downmix signal the processing, an audio signal processing method, which comprises a. .FIELD 6


The paper deals with automatic training process using clustering algorithms. We provide a comparative study of several clustering algorithms such as K-means, self-organizing map (SOM) and DBSCAN. We use these algorithms for automatic selection of appropriate training samples for face recognition system. We provide an overview of selected methods and we compare their performance on the CMU PIE face database with different types of preprocessing. Based on results published in this paper we propose a part of face recognition system for the Next-Generation Hybrid Broadcast Broadband (HBB-Next) project.


BRIEF DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE MOTORWAY ALIGNMENT WHICH GOES TO THE CENTRE OF THE CITY AND WHICH COST APPROXIMATELY 600 MILLION FRANCS, 40% OF WHICH BEING COMPENSATION FOR EXPROPRIATION. THE SAINT PHILIPPE-CAMBETTA SECTION IS BUILT OVER A PRESTRESSED VIADUCT. THE DESIGN SPEED ADOPTED FOR THE ALIGNMENT AND LONGITUDINAL PROFILE WAS 80 KM/H. THE GAMBETTA-CIMIEZ SECTION IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS: (1) THE GAMBETTA-MALAUSSENA PART ALSO BUILT ON A PRESTRESSED VIADUCT WITH INDEPENDENT SPANS MADE OF PRECAST GIRDERS RESTING ON TRANSVERSE FRAMES WHICH ARE SUPPORTED BY BARS SUNK IN THE SOIL; (2) THE MALAUSSENA-CIMIEZ PART SIMILAR TO THE PREVIOUS PART EXCEPT THAT THE BEARINGS OF THE FRAME INSTEAD OF BEING LOCATED BETWEEN THE RAILWAY TRACKS ARE ON EACH SIDE OF THE RAILWAY PLATFORM.


On March 6,2010,an earthquake of ML4.7 with plenty of aftershocks took place in Tangshan earthquake area of Hebei province,which is a remarkable event in this ara during the past 6 years.Afterward,an earthquake of ML4.6 took place again in Fengnan of Tangshan earthquake area on April 9,2010.This article discusses the character of the earthquake sequence and its significance to earthquake prediction.


The problem and the solution. The role of social interactions and relationships at the individual, group/team, and organizational levels is becoming increasingly significant in today's workplace. Relationships in an organization may provide some unplanned opportunities, and social capital is considered a new tool with which to increase organizational performance. As a relatively new concept, social capital is still at the exploratory stage for human resource development professionals and researchers. However, social capital has yet to be explored from an economics perspective. This article aims to examine the economics of social capital and the implications for organizational performance.


This article offers a brief review of the architect He Ying's studies, travels,professional experience and his reflections and ideas on architecture.The architect discusses in great depth of his design concepts,attitude and approaches through a series of practical works,with further introduction and explanation of his design thinking and values.


The former of the topic of national science and technology supporting program is the national key technologies research and development program.The management of topics about millet of the national science and technology supporting program is summarized.The problems and achievements are discussed.The key problems in the technology development of millet are put forward.


A 63-year-old male complaining of jaundice was examined and diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer (type 3, tub 2, cT3, cN3, cH0, cM1, cStage IV), and obstructive jaundice due to lymph node metastasis. Since curative surgery was deemed not possible, we started chemotherapy with S-1+CDDP. S-1 (120 mg/day) was administered orally for 21 days, followed by CDDP (60 mg/m2) div on day 8. After the 9th course, a significant tumor reduction was obtained. Total gastrectomy and lymph node resection (D1) were performed. The histological diagnosis revealed complete disappearance of cancer cells in both the main tumor and lymph nodes. Herein we report this rare case with a view of the literature.


Evidence suggests that consumer perceptions and acceptance of cultivated meat (CM) differ between countries, cultures, and consumer groups. Limited research specific to Aotearoa New Zealand (A-NZ) is available. Survey responses from 592 A-NZ residents were analysed to determine CM awareness, willingness to engage with CM, and perceived CM product attributes relative to conventional meat and plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs). The effects of gender, age, meat/PBMA consumption frequency, CM awareness, and food neophobia on CM perceptions were determined. The statements were rated on a seven-point Likert scale. Half (52%) of the respondents agreed they were aware of CM. The awareness was higher in men compared to women (p = 0.036), higher in Millennials compared to Generation X (p = 0.022), and higher in regular compared to infrequent PBMA consumers (p = 0.0003). The willingness to engage with CM and perceived CM product attributes were consistently more positive in consumers who were aware, compared with consumers not aware of CM (p < 0.05). Being male, Millennial, low neophobic and a low meat, or high PBMA consumer was also associated with higher potential engagement and perceptions of CM to varying extents. Segmentation divided the respondents into three groups. The 'positive' cluster (41%) consumed more PBMAs and less meat and was more aware of CM than the 'neutral' (50%) and 'negative' (9%) clusters. In conclusion, consumers in A-NZ are not a homogenous group with regards to their perceptions and potential engagement with CM. Increasing awareness and familiarity with CM will be an important strategy to increase engagement with CM.


It describes a system and method for recovering during surgery from a patient's red blood cells. In one general aspect, there is described a system for a surgical absorbent material from the blood soaked surgical sponge, gauze, tape or the like to extract the blood. The collected blood from these materials and fluids can be transferred to the cell collection autotransfusion machine is used to collect viable red blood cells.


Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is an effective tool to visualise the structure of the shallow subsurface. The purpose of this article is to offer guidelines to non-specialist GPR users on the collection, processing and interpretation of GPR data in a range of environments. The discussion on survey design focuses on single fold, fixed-offset reflection profiling, the most common mode of GPR data collection, however the design factors can be applied to other survey types. Information on the visualisation of processed data, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of GPR, is provided. Possible applications of GPR in geomorphological research are presented, along with a case study outlining how GPR can be used to measure peat thickness.


Digital mammography has spread among radiologists recently. As a result, imaging tool for mammogram diagnosis is changing from hardcopy to softcopy. It means that LCD monitor is getting more popular as an medical imaging device for diagnosis, instead of film screen. However, LCD monitor has different characteristics from film screen and we need to understand them for reliable diagnosis.In this paper, resolution, luminance response and human visual systems are described firstly. And JESRA is explained as a quality control guideline for medical LCD monitors. The performance of LCD monitor will keep improving, and there will be further studies related to ideal image display.


Aim To longitudinally examine if the results of cognitive tasks or brain function during emotional or cognitive tasks can predict relapse in alcohol use disorder. Methods We selected 41 patients with alcohol use disorder during hospitalization. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured the relative change in oxygenated hemoglobin in the frontotemporal areas during an emotional go/no-go task and verbal fluency task (VFT). They performed the N-back and risk-based decision-making tasks for determining working memory or risk-based decision-making. The presence of relapse 6 months following discharge was the primary outcome. Results Twenty-four patients (21 men, three women) remained abstinent, whereas 17 (14 men, three women) relapsed. Compared with the abstinent group, those with relapse displayed significantly decreased activation in the right frontotemporal region during the emotional go/no-go task, significantly shorter reaction time to non-emotional stimuli, and greater risk preference in the risk-based decision-making task. In the abstinent group, we observed a negative correlation between oxygenated hemoglobin and the craving scale. A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of relapse increased with smaller oxygenated hemoglobin in the right frontotemporal region (odds ratio = 0.161, p = 0.013) and with greater gambling thoughts (odds ratio = 7.04, p = 0.033). Conclusion Decreased activation in the right frontotemporal region in response to an emotional stimulus and risk preference could predict relapse in alcohol use disorder.


We applied a complex of methods (spectrophotometry, HPLC, sediment oxygen demand) for the study of fossil pigments in lake sediment. The methods were tested on well-monitored lakes of different trophic status. It was found that the variations in pigment concentrations in the surface sediments of the studied lakes were mainly determined by their degradation before final burial. In the oligotrophic lakes of high Secchi transparency the concentration of fossil carotenoids and chlorophyll derivatives was the lowest and it increased when the photooxidation conditions deteriorated (decreasing transparency, higher trophicity). The individual pigments identified by HPLC analysis were in good correspondence with monitoring data.


1960 www.ccmjournal.org October 2016 • Volume 44 • Number 10 Neurological Surgeons; Joint Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care, AANS/CNS: Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. IX. Cerebral perfusion thresholds. J Neurotrauma 2007; 24(Suppl 1):S59–S64 11. Bratton SL, Chestnut RM, Ghajar J, et al; Brain Trauma Foundation; American Association of Neurological Surgeons; Congress of Neurological Surgeons; Joint Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care, AANS/CNS: Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. VIII. Intracranial pressure thresholds. J Neurotrauma 2007; 24(Suppl 1):S55–S58 12. Czosnyka M, Smielewski P, Kirkpatrick P, et al: Monitoring of cerebral autoregulation in head-injured patients. Stroke 1996; 27:1829–1834 13. Czosnyka M, Smielewski P, Kirkpatrick P, et al: Continuous assessment of the cerebral vasomotor reactivity in head injury. Neurosurgery 1997; 41:11–17 14. Lang EW, Kasprowicz M, Smielewski P, et al: Short pressure reactivity index versus long pressure reactivity index in the management of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg 2015; 122:588–594 15. Nordström CH, Nielsen TH: Continuous determination of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure–in search of the Holy Grail? Crit Care Med 2013; 41:e4–e5 16. Nordström CH, Reinstrup P, Xu W, et al: Assessment of the lower limit for cerebral perfusion pressure in severe head injuries by bedside monitoring of regional energy metabolism. Anesthesiology 2003; 98:809–814 17. Dias C, Silva MJ, Pereira E, et al: Optimal cerebral perfusion pressure management at bedside: A Single-Center Pilot Study. Neurocrit Care 2015; 23:92–102 18. Aries MJH, Wesselink R, Elting JWJ, et al: Enhanced Visualization of Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Over Time to Support Clinical Decision Making. Crit Care Med 2016; 44:e996–e999 19. Kawamoto K, Houlihan CA, Balas EA, et al: Improving clinical practice using clinical decision support systems: A systematic review of trials to identify features critical to success. BMJ 2005; 330:765 20. Buchman TG: Large scale cognitive error in critical care: The adoption of "best practices" that are either ineffective or harm patients. In: Cognitive Informatics in Health and Biomedicine. Patel VL, Kaufman DR, Cohen T. (Eds). London, Springer, 2014, pp 441–454 21. Chan WW-Y: A Survey on Multivariate Data Visualization. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. 2006; 8:1–29 22. Effken JA, Loeb RG, Kang Y, et al: Clinical information displays to improve ICU outcomes. Int J Med Inform 2008; 77:765–777 23. Healey CG: Perception in Visualization. Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University. 2005. Available at: http:// www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/healey/PP/. Accessed May 15, 2016 24. Ordóñez P, desJardins M, Lombardi M, et al: An animated multivariate visualization for physiological and clinical data in the ICU. ACM, Arlington, VA, November 11 12, 2010, pp 771–779 25. Moody GB, Lehman L: Predicting acute hypotensive episodes: The 10th annual physioNet/computers in cardiology challenge. In: Computers in Cardiology. IEEE, 2009, pp 541–544 26. M.I.T: Laboratory of Computational Physiology, Physionet challenge, 2009. Available at: http://physionet.org/challenge/2009/. Accessed May 15, 2016 27. Rosner MJ, Rosner SD, Johnson AH: Cerebral perfusion pressure: Management protocol and clinical results. J Neurosurg 1995; 83:949–962 28. Grände PO, Asgeirsson B, Nordström CH: Volume-targeted therapy of increased intracranial pressure: The Lund concept unifies surgical and non-surgical treatments. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002; 46:929–941


Almost all the agencies through which political change was effected in the twentieth century have either disappeared or been seriously weakened. Of these, the most powerful was the Communist state, responsible, in agrarian societies, both for gruesome repression and for dramatic improvements in human well-being. Within industrialized nations, Communist and social democratic parties, and for a period even the Democratic Party in the United States, intermittently succeeded in achieving significant social and economic reforms, of which the enduring legacy is the welfare state; in this regard, they were aided by the trade unions, which simultaneously brought about a partial redistribution of wealth. In their turn, party and union provided (often unwillingly) the institutional and rhetorical matrix for fluid social movements of much greater ambition and inventiveness.


Abstract : The major achievement of this grant was the construction and setup of an array of superconducting nanowire single photondetectors (SNSPDs) which allowed support of quantum photonics experiments leading to 14 peer-reviewed publications.We installed and tested several SNSPDs in various configurations, moving toward four-element (four detectors per spot)assemblies achievable in the next year or so. Detector efficiencies varied from 70 to 90 , close to the current worldrecord of 93 at the target wavelength of 1.5 um. Experiments supported include first demonstration of blind quantum computing, experimental verification of quantum computers, experimental boson sampling, and several other areas.


This paper analyzes the relative content of CO2 emissions embedded in regional supply chains in four different countries in Latin America: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. We estimate both the trade in value-added (TiVA) and the CO2 content embedded in interregional and foreign exports, mapping the relative intensity of CO2 emission levels on value chains. For that, we applied an inter-regional input-output model to determine the interplay between the CO2 emission embedded in goods of resource-based industries and their linkages with other economic industries, revealing a map of CO2 emissions on trade in value-added trade from a subnational dimension. The main result reveals an interregional dependence, indicating a higher level of embedded CO2 on value-added in each regional economy for resource-based industries, usually intense in CO2 emissions. This finding has considerable implications for the sustainable development goals of these subnational areas, as the spatial concentration of production leads to an unbalanced regional capacity for promoting reductions in CO2 emissions along with value chains.


In this study we report on the organic linker mediated fabrication and catalytic activity of a novel β-FeOOH/NiO composite material for the first time. Four-chlorophenol (4-CP) was used as a target molecule to evaluate the catalytic activity of the composite material in ozonation reactions. Three different β-FeOOH loadings, labelled 2, 5 and 10% β-FeOOH/NiO composites were prepared. The 5% β-FeOOH/NiO composite material showed the highest activity in the composite structure. XRD, FTIR and TEM were used to characterise the composite structure. Evidence of a chemically bonded interface between β-FeOOH and NiO was apparent from the FTIR and TEM results. Adsorption of 4-CP on the catalyst surface was found to be negligible. First order reaction kinetics were used to describe the 4-CP degradation behaviour and the rate constants increased with increasing initial pH of the solution. No detectable amount of both Fe and Ni leaching into the solution was observed at a pH range of 10–2.3. After 20 min of the ozonation reaction, 85% of 4-CP was removed by the heterogeneous system as opposed to 47% by ozonation alone. The developed composite material exhibited good recyclability as the catalytic activity of the material could be recovered by calcination after use. A maximum of 66% of COD was removed just after 50 min of the catalytic ozonation reaction. The enhanced catalytic activity of the composite material was due to higher generation of OH˙ which was supported by photoluminescence (PL) experiments.


Microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) with customized features has been attempted by humans through metabolic engineering. However, few studies have explored the green chemical synthesis of customized PHA using hydroxy fatty acids. In the present study, new mcl-PHA having C16-co-C16, blocked by esterification of hydroxy groups in the side chain, was synthesized by melt polycondensation using aleuritic acid (9, 10, 16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid) and lactic acid as long-chain fatty acid monomers and active blocking molecule, respectively. The results showed that when the two monomers reacted at 150 °C for 24 h, the properties of PHA were largely retained, along with free hydroxyl groups as much as possible. Comparison of the effect of different ratios of active small molecule (lactic acid) on the properties of new mcl-PHA revealed that copolymerization mainly happened between the long-chain monomers, and lactic acid served as a blocker by esterification in the side chain on the hydroxy groups of mcl-PHA. Further, the properties of side chain-esterified mcl-PHA (SCE-mcl-PHA) changed from rigid to soft with increasing ratio of active lactic acid monomer. The tensile strength of mcl-PHA was similar to that of commercially available products PLA and PHBV. The mechanical properties of SCE-mcl-PHA significantly changed by adding only 5 wt% lactic acid monomer. Besides, the cell proliferation analysis showed that the new PHA had minimum cytotoxicity, which was close to PLA and PHBV. Therefore, these new mcl-PHA and SCE-mcl-PHA have great potential for application in food, medicine, cosmetics, and other fields, and hence require further investigation.


The lamellipodium, a thin veil-like structure at the leading edge of motile cells, is fundamental for cell migration and growth. Orchestrated activities of membrane components and an underlying biopolymer film result in a controlled movement of the whole system. Dynamics in two-dimensional cell motility are primarily driven by the actively moving protein film in the lamellipodium. Polymerization of actin filaments at the leading edge, back-transport of the actin network due to myosin motor activity, depolymerization in the back, and diffusive transport of actin monomers to the front control these dynamics. The same molecular prerequisites for lamellipodial motion are found in most eukaryotic cells and can function independently of the cell body. Here we show that lamellipodial dynamics differ strongly in different cell types according to their function. Path finding neuronal growth cones display strong stochastic fluctuations, wound healing fibroblasts that locally migrate in tissues exhibit reduced fluctuations while fish keratocytes move highly persistently. Nevertheless, experimental analysis and computer simulations show that changes in the parameters for actin polymerization and retrograde actin transport alone are sufficient for the cell to utilize the same, highly adaptive machinery to display this rich variety of behaviors.


Power sector developments ; global installed generation capacity net charge.Electricity production in Germany, in week 18 2016. Weekly electricity spot market prices in Germany in week 37. Consequences of market liberalisation.


In this Letter, we present a theoretical investigation into the quantum-nondemolition properties of a system which utilizes intracavity second-harmonic generation. The results show a significant improvement over the quantum-nondemolition properties of other systems studied previously, and should be accessible to experiment


Leveraging a utility's existing GIS is the easiest way to begin the development of a hydraulic model; however, the determining the most appropriate final model structure is important and challenging. Model skeletonization is the typical process of representing a water distribution network model in GIS. Applications include merging series pipes and consolidating parallel pipes into a single hydraulically equivalent pipe with the same carrying capacity, removing pipes less than a specified diameter, and trimming dead end mains. This paper addresses the effects of network model skeletonization on hydraulic transient analysis and includes a discussion of the factors that should impact skeletonization decisions. Case study is presented to illustrate the sensitivity of transient pressure extremes for various levels of skeletonization. It is shown that skeletonization can introduce significant errors in estimating pressure extremes and can overlook water column separation and subsequent collapse at vulnerable locations in the distribution system. This can lead to poor design and operation as well as inadequate protection of water distribution systems and added maintenance costs.


Methods of neutralisation of different types of soils contaminated with heavy metals are studied. Certain strains of microorganisms have been selected, local microflora has been studied and identified at the genus level in laboratory conditions. Considering the conducted works, development of modified forms of humic acids, stimulation of local microorganisms and creation of geochemical barriers using local natural raw materials is recomended. Obtained results makes possible to develop comprehensive and rational model by means of inovative technologies for effective purification of soils contaminated with heavy metals.


The study of wave action on large, elastic floating bodies has received considerable attention, finding applications in both geophysics and marine engineering problems. In this context, a higher order finite-element method (FEM) for the numerical simulation of the transient response of thin, floating bodies in shallow water wave conditions is presented. The hydroelastic initial-boundary value problem, in an inhomogeneous environment, characterized by bathymetry and plate thickness variation, is analysed for two configurations: (i) a freely floating strip modelling an ice floe or a very large floating structure and (ii) a semi-fixed floating beam representing an ice shelf or shore fast ice, both under long-wave forcing. The variational formulation of these problems is derived, along with the energy conservation principle and the weak solution stability estimates. A special higher order FEM is developed and applied to the calculation of the numerical solution. Results are presented and compared against established methodologies, thus validating the present method and illustrating its numerical efficiency. Furthermore, theoretical results concerning the energy conservation principle are verified, providing a valuable insight into the physical phenomenon investigated.


Over the last century, scientific discoveries have revealed the critical role of the microcirculation in maintaining homeostasis and the etiology of diseases ranging from cancer to COVID-19. These advances have coincided with and even been made possible by the exponential progress in imaging and visualization techniques capable of characterizing the structural and functional diversity of the microcirculation. Consequently, this special issue (SI) showcases a broad selection of tools and methods for elucidating the role of the microcirculation in health and disease. In this exciting compendium of globally contributed articles, authors investigate in vitro and in vivo models, describe new imaging methods spanning from the endothelial cell to the whole organ scale, as well as analytical approaches focused on the microvascular and lymphatic systems. Also included are articles describing the use of ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of the microcirculation in the clinical and preclinical realms. We believe this SI on "Visualizing the Microcirculation" contains something for everyone, from basic scientists to clinicians interested in the microcirculation.


Preface Select bibliography Introduction Part I. The Relationship between L and P: 1. The state of the question 2. Triclinius' metrical marginalia reproduced in P 3. P, in the Alphabetic Plays, a copy of L Part II. The Work of Triclinius in L and its Effects upon P: 1. The problem 2. Metrica 3. Triclinius' dealings with the text in L and their effects upon P Part III. The Character and Origin of MSS. L and P: 1. Characterization of MS. L 2. Characterization of MS. P 3. On the hypothesis in L and P 4. Hypothesis and the text of Rhesus 5. The text of the triad in L and P 6. The origins of MSS. L and P Part IV. Results and Analogies: 1. Triclinius the critic 2. Triclinian analogies 3. A specimen: Helena, 625-97 Part V. The Helena Papyrus: 1. Transcript 2. Reconstruction of the papyrus 3. Comment on the reconstruction of pi 4. The alternation of speakers 5. From archetype to original 6. The original text of Helena 630 ff. Part VI. Main Stages of the Transmission: 1. The text in antiquity 2. The text in the Middle Ages 3. From Thessalonica to Florence Addendum Indices.


Cleveland — Regardless of gender, race, or age, a healthy head of hair tops every patient's wish list. Attaining this goal requires dermatologists to keep physical and cultural differences in mind.


Electronic discovery is a phrase that means many things to many people depending on whether you are a legal practitioner, information technology specialist, records manager, chief financial officer or simply an employee. Each of these individuals is a stakeholder in the electronic discovery process and the success of the process depends on all of them.


Initializing climate models for decadal prediction is a major challenge, in part due to the lack of long-term subsurface ocean observations and the changing nature of observing systems. In order to overcome these limitations, we have developed a novel method for initializing a climate model for decadal prediction. Using GFDL’s next-generation prediction system, we developed a coupled ensemble data assimilation system, which assimilated only surface pressure observations, since the surface pressure measurements have been made since the late 1800s. Physically, by assimilating high-frequency surface pressure observations we constrain the model to experience a sequence of wind and storms, and thus surface fluxes, that is very similar to what is observed. The hypothesis is that by having the ocean component of the coupled model experience a very similar sequence of surface fluxes as observations, the ocean component of the coupled model will gradually reproduce the same variations as the observed system.

We assimilated the observed surface pressure station data used in the latest 20-century reanalysis. A coupled simulation during 1960 to 2016 has been completed. In this talk, we will review how well the observed decadal climate variations (e.g., PDO and AMO) can be reproduced solely from the surface pressure observations.  In addition, we will explore the multi-decadal variations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and its connection with the North Atlantic sea surface temperature. The feasibility of using this method to initialize coupled climate models for realistic decadal predictions will be discussed in the talk.


Abstract Quasicrystals and metallic glasses lack translational symmetry and appear to manifest increasing disorder in metallic alloys. This possible relationship is discussed in the light of thermodynamics measurements. It is analysed in the framework of structural models which restore as much as possible a generative symmetry hidden behind the apparent disorder, or behind the incompatibility with the translational symmetry of the conventional crystals, observable in our usual physical space. The different models—based on stereochemically defined packings, curved space or higher-dimensional crystallography—are still disconnected to a large extent but cross-fertilization seems to emerge and is briefly described.


After joining WTO,China's logistics enterprises are facing huge foreign advanced logistics industry competition and challenges,which established the overall cause of uneven development within the industry,there are logistics problems of their own existence.The development of logistics industry in our country the status of the development of logistics enterprises in China to be improved were discussed and analyzed,and then put forward the development strategy of logistics enterprises in China: to develop a reasonable mechanism for corporate human resources,and establish reasonable logistics enterprise information system and develop the Advanced information systems management.


Flow-mediated dilation measurement in the brachial artery using ultrasound imaging (FMD-US) is a common noninvasive procedure for endothelial function evaluation in the peripheral arteries. As FMD-US is operator-dependent and involves onerous equipment, its use has been mostly confined to research settings. In this paper, we propose to use the more accessible finger photoplethysmogram signal in conjunction with the FMD test (FMD-PPG) as a surrogate method. To this end, a tube-load physiological model of the upper arterial path in the arm is developed. Signals acquired from young and elderly subjects (N=20) are then investigated using model parameter estimation by the genetic algorithm. Our results show that the estimated parameter values for the elderly group in baseline are significantly different from that in the young group (p<0.05), and the parameter changes in cuff release interval are consistent with existing literature. Therefore, the presented FMD-PPG may hold a great potential in non-invasively assessing the endothelial function.


ABSTRACT In this article, we investigate whether in-utero exposure to municipal-level COVID-19 incidence rates in Brazil was associated with lower infant birth weight. To lower endogeneity related to conception during COVID-19, we include infants who were conceived before and born after, the first official case of COVID-19 in Brazil, 26 February 2020. Using the administrative natality data of infants, in-utero exposure to local COVID-19 incidence rate did not affect infant birth weight, and the estimates are robust to heterogeneities by mother's demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Findings have implications for the effect of in-utero exposure to local COVID-19 incidence rates and birth weight.


ABSTRACT This article examines the tensions that can arise when managing the gulf between biomedicine and embodied nursing practice within a clinical context. We employ a thematic analysis of interview data from 6 nurses and 16 women attending 2 sexual health clinics in New Zealand. Four themes were identified. First, power of the gaze, and second, citizenship of the docile body illustrate the scientific, measurable context of biomedicine. Two further themes of entering the embodied lifeworld and neutralizing the power of the gaze give visibility to assumptions about the construction of meaning. The findings make two distinctive contributions. First, embodied communication challenged the omnipresent biomedical imperatives increasing agency for women. Second, despite positive outcomes, women still appealed to a biomedical paradigm as a beneficial adjunct to their clinical experience. Managers will benefit from recognizing the simultaneous presence of apparently competing paradigms of practice can enhance women's experiences in clinical environments.


In this paper, various approaches to improve the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) behavior of a single-layer interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) are evaluated. The studied machine is used in electric vehicles and has a maximum output power of 53.6 kW. The acoustic noise of the electrical machine is mainly generated due to vibration of the stator yoke, which is caused by the radial forces acting on the stator's teeth. The radial force is directly correlated with the flux density in the air gap. Through modification of the outer frame of the rotor, the composition of the air-gap field, which consists of the fundamental wave and its harmonics, can be modified. The distribution of the radial force density on the surface of the stator teeth will be affected and the dominant order of the radial force can be reduced selectively, which will improve its acoustic behavior.


The aim of this article is to be integrated to Franz Liszt special bicentenary celebration. It consists of Liszt appraisal through Jeux d'eau by Maurice Ravel. A number of Liszt applicable piano art ways are to be shown how they could possibly help the performer to get nearer to Ravel required musical expression. Romantic Liszt piano art achievements are for the piano music of modern times a source of inspiration both for composers and performers as well. Great Liszt's personality veneration can be brought about through his wide range of influences either not just through his own original works.


The workofthispaperistopresent thehybrid architecture forcomputing thefusedestimate fromdistributed multiple filters tracking amaneuvering target withtheWeighted LeastSquare(WLS)estimator. The architecture consists of information Kalmanfilters, local processors andglobal fuser. Eachsensortracker isutilized inthereference Cartesian coordinate systemwhentheradarmeasuresrange,bearing and elevation anglein thespherical coordinate system.The hierarchical estimation algorithm isusedineachlocal processor tomergetwotracks representing thesametarget. Duetothe block-diagonal covariance matrix, theresulting global fuser, WLS estimator, canbeimplemented inaparallel structure tofacilitate estimation fusion calculation. Simulation results showthatthe proposed architecture hascomputational advantages overthe conventional information matrixfusion methodwithsimilar performance. N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Gray hole attacks (a.k.a selective forwarding attacks) are a special case of denial of service (DoS) attack, where a misbehaving mesh router just forwards a subset of the packets it receives but drops the others. In wireless networks, it is particularly hard to detect the presence of such attackers because a packet loss over the wireless link can be due to bad channel quality, medium access collisions, or intentional dropping. In contrast to existing studies, we propose a more practical algorithm known as channel aware detection (CAD) that adopts two strategies, hop-by-hop loss observation and traffic overhearing, to detect the mesh nodes subject to the attack. We derive the optimal detection thresholds by analyzing the false alarm and missed detection probabilities of CAD. We also compare our approach to existing solutions and demonstrate that CAD detects the attackers effectively even in harsh channel conditions.