Policy of Distance education in most cases shares the concern for openness and flexibility, but definitions tend to focus on the possibility of communication between participants in the learning process across time and/or space, particularly as brought about by old and new technologies. Open and distance education has the tendency to expand access to education at any point in time. Children, Youths, and adults who are excluded from conventional institutions because of age, work, family bottlenecks, geographical distance/quota problem/catchments policy, insecurity or poor quality or insufficient before the learning experience may be able to learn through open and distance education.


Objective:  To investigate the effect of combination therapy with dutasteride plus tamsulosin compared with each monotherapy on patient‐reported health outcomes over 4 years in men with moderate‐to‐severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) because of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).


AIM: To prepare flexible nanoliposomes made from active ingredients,phillyrin and volatile oil,from forsythia suspense and study their transdermal delivery system.METHODS: Flexible nanolipsomes of phill-yrin(WN group) and phillyrin in combination with forsythia volatile oil(OWN group) were prepared by the meth-od of membrane-dispersion.Its appearance and particle sizes were measured.Transdermal experiments were carried out on the modified Franz diffusion pool through in vitro mouse skin.HPLC was applied to determining the phillyrin content to compare transdermal rate and cumulative permeation amount of various flexible nanoliposomes.RESULTS: The particle size of the WN group was(180.7 ± 13.69)nm,the Zata potential was-48.8 mV,the average encapsulation percentage was(82.53 ± 2.68)%;the particle size of the OWN group was(212.3 ± 15.31)nm,Zata potential was-51.2 mV,the average encapsulation percentage was(70.49 ± 1.06)%.The accu-mulated permeation amount of the OWN group in 8 hours was(291.92 ± 23.22) μg/cm2,its transdermal permea-bility in 8 hours was 36.49 μg/(cm2.h),which was 6.10 folds that of the WS group and 1.92 folds that of the WN group.This difference had statistical significance(P 0.01).CONCLUSION: Flexible nanoliposomes can significantly speed up the drug's permeation rate of entering the skin,and the addition of volatile oil of forsythia sus-pensa promote the transdermal delivery.


The influence of compressible liquid on nonlinear oscillation of a channel back boundary is studied. The back boundary is a beam with a thrust on an elastic bed. The beam is excited by parametric longitudinal compressing forces. Using the Galerkin procedure the starting equation takes the form: W1+a(t)W1+eW1=bW31+cW1W22=0, W2+f(t)W2+γW32+gW2W21=0. The fundamental resonances of the beam are examined by using the multiple‐scales averaging analysis. The presence of liquid leads to reduction of the range where stable oscillation of the system is possible. Numerical simulation of the process in the phase space has been conducted and chaotic behavior of the system has been found. Precision algorithms of Runge‐Kutta (DOPRI) have been used for the numerical simulation. The numerical simulations are studied in the context of Runge‐Kutta simplex methods. Qualitative analysis of process dynamics has been obtained. Lyapunov exponents and fractal dimensionality have been determined; they prove the presence of a str...


The embodiment of the invention discloses an air-conditioner sleep mode control method and device and an air-conditioner. The sleep detecting starting time is set by a user, after the sleep detecting time scope set by the user is up, the environment sound change amount is collected, and a sleep curve of the user is formed according to the loudness value of collected sounds; as the loudness value of the sounds is relevant to user behaviors, the sleep curve formed according to the loudness value of collected sounds is a sleep curve matched with the user of the air-conditioner; in addition, the user does not need to manually set the sleep mode everyday, the device can run in the sleep mode automatically according to the formed sleep curve after the sleep detecting starting time set by the user is up.


T H ERE \\'ere 8 cases of incarcerated diaphragmatic herniae proven by operati \'e in ter \' en tion at the Cook County Hospital from 1937 to 1948. These herniae \\'ere aU through a tear in the diagphragm and \\'ere not associated \\'ith the esophageal hiatus. The etiology of incarcerated diaphragmatic herniae is usually t raumatic. Cartel' and Giuseffi (1) reported that 90 pe r cent of strangulated diaphragmatic herniae are caused by trauma. Harrington (2) has reported 67 cases of t raumatic diaphragmatic herniae, 7 of \\'hich were caused by inflammatory necrosis of t he diaphragm from subphrenic abscesses or drainage of empyema ca\'it ies . Fifty-four diaphragmatic herniae in his se ries were due to indirect injuries such as automobile accidents and falls. Only 6 were due to direct injury such as gunshot \\'ounds or stab Irounds. In our series 4 Irere due to stab II'olll1ds, 3 to automobile accidents, and one to a faU down a fligh t of stairs. The etiology of diaphragmatic herniae in the younger patients, ages 26 to 40, Ims stab Irounds of t he chest. These stab Irounds leave a very minimal seal' on the chest \mU ranging from ~ to ~ of an inch in length and are easily forgotten by the patient. However, the instrument is usually a long stellette or pocket knife and, therefore, these scars on the chest do not represent the extent of the injury to the diaphragm as the con ·tant motion of the diaph ragm may cause a long laceration to be inflicted to the diaphragm. The positive inter-ahdominal pressure in contrast to the negati\'e interthoracic pressure allOlr s the abdominal viscera to gain access to the thoracic cavity and adhesions then hold the herniated viscera in place. The


The phenomenon of 'social' smoking is increasingly popular amongst university students, but previous research lacks a consistent definition and neglects its gendered dimensions.

Using focus groups (n=3), the present study adopts an inductive approach to investigate young women university students' (n=16) accounts of their experiences, perceptions and motivations for smoking socially. The focus groups were audio recorded and the data transcribed verbatim.

Subsequent thematic analysis identified four overarching themes: (1) pursuing a 'social' rather than 'traditional' smoker identity; (2) alcohol as an account for social smoking; (3) gendering social smoking; and (4) social smoking: spatial and temporal constraints and affordances.

These emergent themes are discussed in relation to previous research findings. Finally, suggestions are made for the development of gender specific university intervention initiatives.


We extend an earlier work of the same authors, which proposes a minimax robust hypothesis testing strategy between two composite hypotheses based on a squared Hellinger distance. We show that without any further restrictions the former four non-linear equations in four parameters, that have to be solved to design the robust test, can be reduced to two equations in two parameters. Additionally, we show that the same equations can be combined into a single equation if the nominal probability density functions satisfy the symmetry condition. The parameters controlling the degree of robustness are bounded from above depending on the nominal distributions and shown to be determined via solving a polynomial equation of degree two. Experiments justify the benefits of the proposed contributions.


Based on a kinetic aspect of the extraction of copper(II) with dithizone, the authors have developed a method for the simultaneous determination of the copper(II) complexing capacity of natural water and the lability of soluble copper(II) complex. This method was applied to the artificial samples as well as natural waters containing humic acids. Contribution of humic acid to the copper(II) complexing capacity of natural waters was also discussed From the comparison of labilities of copper(II) complex of both samples with each other, it was found that humic acids play an important role in the complexation of copper(II) in natural environment.


In order to realize intelligent control of movement trajectory of the hydraulic manipulator, after the structural and movement analysis of the hydraulic manipulator with four degree of freedom was conducted, D-H method was applied to establish the link coordinate system, so as to obtain the kinematical equation. In addition, by combining homogeneous transformation matrix with MATLAB, the objective function was determined as the minimizing of the sum of maximum movement acceleration's absolute value of the forearm cylinder and the operating cylinder of the hydraulic manipulator. And then, the joint angle was taken as the optimization variable to carry out trajectory planning optimization of nonlinear problems with constraints, so as to make the manipulator move smoothly and stably according to the predetermined trajectory scheme, thus the optimal driving curve was obtained. The method could also be applied to the intelligent control of movement trajectory of the jointed manipulator with multiple degree of freedom.


Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside isolated from the aqueous extract of Radix Paeoniae Alba, is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we investigated the protective mechanism of PF on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. PC12 cells were cultured in vitro, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, cell apoptosis as well as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by flow cytometric analysis and the expression profiles of apoptosis-related proteins including Bcl-2 and Bax were investigated by western blot. The results showed that PF could protect PC12 cells against glutamate-induced injury in a concentration-dependent manner and the mechanism of neuroprotective effect of PF was closely associated with up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax. It demonstrated that PF has neuroprotective effect on glutamate-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via regulating mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-2/ Bax signal pathway.


Significance
 Extending product life through legislative means will stem the flow of new products and bolster 'circular economy' initiatives, whereby materials are diverted from landfill and reused, repurposed or recycled.

 Impacts
 Lower demand for new goods will slow the fast-moving consumer goods sector and force it to offer more sustainable products.
 Product quality standards will rise with environmental awareness, but many firms may have to prioritise cost over quality to stay afloat.
 Health outcomes will improve when hazardous e-waste is diverted from landfill in a circular economy model.
 Standardising parts will be near impossible for many sub-sectors to implement given the pace at which technology is developing.


to sum up, Çiçek's monograph significantly contributes to the literature since it reveals that the nomads turned into partners and allies of the Ottoman rule in the arab desert space, especially after the 1870s. Contrary to the approaches of the dominant Ottomanists who mostly did not see the tribes as one of the historical agents of the time, the author indicates that the tribes were active partners of the state and they created direct relations with the merchants and settlers in modern period as well. therefore, Çiçek's analysis of the two biggest powerful nomadic tribes, the anizah and the shammar, offers significant insights for a better understanding of the complex socio-political relations and structures of the nineteenth century Ottoman Middle east.


AbstractA stability indicating assay method based on highperformance liquid chromatography has been developed for the quantitation of hydrochlorothiazide in combination with methyldopa and propranolol hydrochloride. The method is accurate, reproducible and precise with an average percent relative standard deviation of 1.3. The method can also be used for the quantitation of the only known impurity/decomposition product (4-amino, 6 chloro, 1,3 benzenedisulfonamide) in hydrochlorothiazide. For the complete separation of methyldopa from hydrochlorothiazide, a counterion, 1-heptanesulfonic acid sodium was added to the mobile phase to increase the retention time of methyldopa. A 4–5 minutes time to extract hydrochlorothiazide from tablets appears to be satisfactory.


Material and methods. When assessing the features of the course of CHB in 286 patients without cirrhosis, the recommendations of NICE (2013) and WHO (2015) were taken into account to determine the need for antiviral treatment, which is the basis of the clinical protocol in Ukraine. The work analyzes the international guidelines for monitoring CHB patients without cirrhosis: the American Association for the Study of the Liver Diseases (2016), the European Association for the Study of the Liver (2012), the National institute for Health and Care Excellence (2013), World Health Organization (2015).


A class of multi particle Lagrangian stochastic models is considered mimicking 2D turbulence. The maximum likelihood approach is used to estimate their parameters. An error analysis is carried out by Monte Carlo means. The method allows to estimate some physically important characteristics of Lagrangian motion such as relative dispersion and Lyapunov exponent by observing only one particle pair. An illustrative example is given based on real data.


The persistence and periodic resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases have raised questions about the determinants of poor immunization coverage. In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional health practitioners (THPs) play a major role in providing health care and health education, particularly in rural areas where Western health care is unavailable. The project, Immunization Advocacy: Saving Lives of Africa's Children, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, was carried out in three countries, Benin, Nigeria, and Senegal, with THPs and other community-based leaders to gain insight into their basic knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about immunization. In this article, the authors present the results from the Senegal study. In Senegal, 696 THPs involved in community culture, rites, education, and health were surveyed. THPs and community leaders were centrally involved in defining the term immunization during survey development, and their definition was integrated into the survey questionnaire. Results of the study in Senegal show that although knowledge about vaccination is high among THPs, their perceptions of vaccines may hinder the acceptance of vaccines in their communities. THPs define immunization as a comprehensive program of health promotion and provision that includes attention to traditional beliefs and behaviors, overall access to health care and, potentially, vaccination. Effective educational programs that involve THPs in vaccine campaigns from inception, that address their perceptions and integrate their cultural belief systems into vaccine advocacy programs in a culture-centered manner, and that recognize and respect the importance of comprehensive primary health care will be necessary to improve essential vaccine coverage in this population.


SnSb intermetallic was synthesized in aqueous solution and organic solvent using SnCl2·H2O,SbCl3 as metal precursors,NaBH4,Zn as reducing agent,respectively.The XRD,SEM,EDS,particle analyzer and BET were used to characterize the phase,morphology,particle size and pore structure of SnSb intermetallic.The power desulphurization experiment for crude water/oil emulsion was performed using the SnSb intermetallic as functional material.The results show that the morphology of SnSb intermetallic synthesized in aqueous with NaBH4 as reducing agent is "brick-like" structure,while for the SnSb intermetallic synthesized in organic solvent with Zn as reducing agent,the morphology is "leaf-like" structure.The desulphurization rate of crude oil is enhanced with the increase of particle morphology defect and applied voltage,and the decrease of the average particle diameter.The desulphurization rate of crude oil by SnSb intermetallic synthesized with Zn in glycerol can reach 28.2%.


[T] HIS committee expects to give attention to problems inherent in labormanagement collusion, underworld infiltration of the labor movement, misuse of union and welfare funds, suppression of civil rights and liberties of union members by their leaders, conflict of interest, and the use of violence, shakedowns, and extortions." These great expectations were pronounced by Senator McClellan, Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor or Management Field, at that body's first public meeting. Their realization is spread upon the now vast record of his committee. This record -perhaps "expose is more appropriate-has prompted legislators to suggest federal regulation in three broad areas :3 protection of the beneficiary's interest in employee pension, health and welfare funds ;4 protection of the individual member's interest in union treasuries; 5 and protection of the employee's


Under low-load boiler operating conditions, the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration system is lower than the normal working temperature of the catalyst. In order to ensure the reliable input of the denitration system, a bypass flue and an adjustment damper are added to the boiler economizer. Configure control logic and actual debugging to realize automatic control of the inlet temperature of the denitration system, and ensure that the denitration system can be continuously operating when the boiler is running in the 30% -100% load range. At present, environmental protection requirements are getting stricter, almost all the boiler equipment of thermal power plant units have completed the desulfurization, denitration and electrostatic precipitator transformation to meet the pollutant emission standards. The desulfurization and electrostatic precipitator can be used during all load range, however, due to the chemical reaction principle, the denitration system cannot running in low load conditions. In recent years, the flue gas denitration technology widely used in coal-fired power plant boilers is selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Economizer is the last heated surface of the boiler before the air heater, and the purpose is to reduce inlet flue gas temperature of the air preheater and save fuel. The denitration system is arranged between the economizer and the air heater. Generally, the operating temperature of the catalyst used in the selective catalytic reduction reaction is between 300-400°C. The catalyst will not play its due role beyond the temperature range. In the design of conventional boilers, there will be the following problems: when the boiler is operating under high load conditions, the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration system is just within the normal operating range of the catalyst; however, the normal operating temperature of the catalyst cannot be met when the boiler load is low. If the design is changed to increase the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration system to meet the catalyst requirements under low load conditions, the overall flue gas temperature of the boiler will be further increased during high-load operation, resulting in high flue gas temperature, low boiler efficiency and large coal consumption. Therefore, according to the traditional design, the denitration system cannot be put into operation when the boiler is running under low load condition, but this has not been able to meet the requirements of the latest nitrogen oxide emission index. In order to solve the contradiction that the flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration system at low load does not meet the working conditions of the catalyst, the


7 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of 8 Geography, Beijing Normal University. Beijing 100875, China; 9 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Remote Sensing and Digital City, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, 10 China 11 3 Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA 12 4 Center for Remote Sensing, Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA 13 5 Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA 14 6 Department of Earth System Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Clifford hall, 4149 University Avenue, 15 Grand Forks, ND, 58202 16 7 Department of Geography and Program in Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St. George St., Room 5047, Toronto, 17 Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3 18 8 Science Systems & Applications, Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Lanham, MD, USA 19 9 Universities Space Research Association, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA 20 10 Laboratoire des Sciences du Cl 21 *email: firstname.lastname@example.com 22


Iron-enriched yeast was prepared by discarded brewers yeast.The cultural conditions were optimized as follows: cultural temperature is 28 ℃;the recruitment of Fe2+ is 120 mg/L in culture medium;50 mL liquid culture medium were cased in 500 mL triangle,the inoculums of yeast was 50 g,the initial pH value was 4.5 ~5.0,the cultural time is 12 h.Under the optimize conditions,iron content of iron-enriched yeast were respectively 600 μg/g.Organic iron content is 80.3%.The blank and iron-enriched yeast were studied by using infrared spectra,the difference of which was compared.


Automatic seismic fault identification for seismic data is essential for oil and gas resource exploration. The traditional manual method cannot accommodate the needs of processing massive seismic data. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, deep learning techniques based on pattern recognition have become a popular research area for seismic fault identification. Despite the progress made with U-shaped neural networks (Unet), they still fall short in meeting the stringent requirements of fault prediction in complex structures. We propose a novel approach by combining a standard Unet with a transformer Unet to create a parallel dual Unet model, called Dual Unet with Transformer. To improve the accuracy of fault prediction, we compare six loss functions (including Binary Cross Entropy loss, Dice coefficient loss, Tversky loss, Local Tversky loss, Multi-scale Structural Similarity and Intersection over Union loss) using synthetic data, based on three evolution metrics involving Dice coefficient, Sensitivity and Specificity, find that the binary cross entropy loss function is the most robust one. An example comparing the prediction performance of different Unet models on synthetic data demonstrates the superior performance of our Dual Unet model, verifying the practical application value. To further validate the practical feasibility of our proposed method, we use real seismic data with a complex fault system and find that our proposed model is more accurate in predicting the fault system compared to well-developed Unet models such as the classical Unet and classical coherence cube algorithm, without transfer learning. This confirms the potential for wide-scale application of our proposed model.


The steady‐state recoverable shear compliance, Je0, of commercial linear and long‐chain‐branched metallocene LLDPE and LDPE was measured at temperatures between 130 °C and 190 °C. For the linear material and the LDPE containing tree‐like branches no distinct temperature dependence of Je0 was found. However, a decrease in Je0 with increasing temperature was observed for the long‐chain branched LLDPE (star‐like branching topography). This temperature dependence of Je0 can be explained by the analysis of the temperature dependent shape of the relaxation spectra calculated. For the linear‐mLLDPE the shape of the spectra is the same for all temperatures leading to thermorheological simplicity and a constant Je0. The spectra of the LDPE are identical in shape in the terminal regime but differ at high relaxation strengths. Thus, a constant Je0 results but also a slight thermorheological complexity in the rubbery plateau. The long‐chain branched mLLDPE clearly reveals different temperature dependencies within var...


Small for Gestational Age (SGA) is a term used as a proxy for poor intrauterine fetal growth and is associated with higher perinatal mortality and morbidity. A retrospective cohort study was carried out analysing outcomes amongst SGA neonates born over 2 years in a tertiary-care referral teaching hospital. Out of 21086 neonates born during the study period, 3229 (15.3%) were Small for Gestational Age (SGA); defined as birth weight between 3rd-10th centile and 2289 (10.9%) had severe SGA; with birth weight below 3rd centile as per Fenton's intrauterine growth charts. The need for hospitalisation beyond initial 72 hours was needed in 31.1% (1005/3229) of SGA and 42.5% (973/2289) of severe SGA. It was observed that the Odds of developing morbidities such as symptomatic hypoglycaemia, meconium aspiration syndrome, pulmonary haemorrhage, transient feed intolerance, polycythaemia and death before hospital discharge were at least twice more likely in SGA neonates. Neonates who were severe SGA had odds of mortality further two times higher than the moderate SGA group. In addition, severe SGA were also noted to be at a higher risk of early and late onset neonatal sepsis, acute kidney injury, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, seizures, patent ductus arteriosus and necrotizing enterocolitis. This study emphasises the need to identify separately the neonates born as severe SGA. This distinct high risk group from amongst the vulnerable set of SGA population needs more cautious monitoring and intensive management for improving chances of their overall intact survival.


For non-linear time-variable systems under disturbances sufficient conditions for X observability and (X×Z) observability are presented, where X and Z are the sets of unknown initial states and unknown parameters, respectively. In establishing the results for observability, sufficient conditions for the existence of a non-linear map to be one to one, when the Jacobian matrix of the map is singular on a subset, are obtained. An example is included to show that X observability at each z∊Z does not necessarily imply (X × Z) observability.


Diana Damian Martin proposes in this chapter that performance criticism operates as a kind of "phenomenological poesis"—an emergence that is itself a form of creative production. Damian Martin is navigating here the channels the interlink action, perception and thought, and she draws on Hannah Arendt's meditations on the very nature of appearance to aid in that navigation. Here, as elsewhere, the argument concerns ways of knowing that are always emergent, particularly as Damian Martin's chief focus is on "live writing"—criticism which responds to the performative event as it unfolds, and as such not only forms part of the performance it is "perceiving", but, in Damian Martin's words, "marks its own eventness".


In contrast to the neutron dripline the proton dripline has been reached almost across the whole nuclear chart. However, because of the Coulomb barrier relatively long-lived isotopes can exist beyond the proton dripline. It is estimated that about 200 new isotopes at and beyond the proton dripline should be able to be discovered in the future. A brief review of the discovery of proton-rich nuclides as well as an outlook for the discovery potential in the future is presented.


The article presents implementation and analysis of fuzzy interference systems and neural networks to create an intelligent decision system for a small, unmanned aircraft with fixed wings (airplane). The design of the intelligent decision system focuses on determination of a battery failure during flight in a case study. This critical micro situation is manifested by unstable voltage of the power supply and sudden decrease in the provided current. The aim of the article is to design a system that can detect a failure in the batteries on a small, unmanned airplane, and at the same time the system would be able to correctly identify and optimize its flight configuration.


Abstract : In an era of tight budgets, long-range investment decisions call for careful determination of future strategic requirements. This process, in turn, requires identifying the kinds of tasks the Armed Forces will conduct tomorrow. The Army after Next (AAN) project was launched in 1996 to examine the nature of such tasks, particularly with respect to landpower. AAN is focused on the years 2020 to 2025. Research and wargaming for this project have produced valuable insights into the nature of future strategic requirements, which indicates that landpower will be vital in both peacetime and war. AAN foresees a rapidly changing environment in which the United States remains engaged internationally and retains its leadership in multinational defense arrangements and in promoting democratic values, free markets, and human rights. Although the multipolar security system will endure, the future will be characterized by shifting power relationships and ad hoc security structures, as opposed to stable alliances. Current sources of conflict -- ethnic rivalry, nationalism, religious antagonism, and competition for resources -- may intensify as world population increases. Threats such as transnational crime, terrorism, and illicit drug trafficking also may grow. AAN also posits the ascendancy of one or more major military competitors -- modernized states that threaten the interests of the United States and its allies in a specific region. Such a dynamic geopolitical context is likely to mean that the Armed Forces will have to execute a range of missions almost everywhere in the world. Future strategic requirements are as follows: maintain and shape the peace through stability and support operations; build coalitions and alliances to respond to regional crises and contain conflict; and wage decisive campaigns to limit collateral damage and achieve durable peace. (8 photographs)


Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and Its Transformations: Critical Anthropological Perspectives. Roy Ellen, Peter Parkes, and Alan Bicker, eds. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, 2000. vii + 356 pp., maps, plates, tables, index.


Georgia O'Keeffe: A Celebration of Music and Dance By Katherine Hoffman. Illustrated. 119 pp. New York: George Braziller, Inc., 1997. Cloth $35, ISBN 0–8076–1427–2; paper $20, ISBN 0–8076–1328–0.


The purpose of the article is to provide a step by step guide to placement of a jugular catheter and maintenance. Advantages of placing a jugular catheter include increased comfort for patient, ease of use for nursing staff, multi lumen allowing blood sampling, intravenous fluid access and parenteral nutrition to be given if required to the same patient. Disadvantages include increased risk of infection and introduction of foreign material into the central circulation, with far more serious consequences than peripheral vessel contamination therefore the increased need for proper aseptic technique for both placement and management.


Gloss is an important quality parameter of print.The influence of main performance parameters of coated paper on print gloss was studied and analyzed.It was concluded that reasonable performance parameters of coated paper can ensure the basic requirements of print gloss.The purpose was to provide reference for gloss stability control of print.


Science has always been evaluated and will always be. The reasons justifying evaluations and the methods used to carry them have varied over time in relation to the many transformations of the sciences over the last fifty years. The uses of bibliometric methods are not limited to 'evaluations' of scientists and their institutions as they also provide a unique way to map global trends. One cannot stop evaluating science, but one can use the right tools at the right scale (individuals, institutions, countries) to better understand the dynamic of scientific change.


The paper is devoted to obtaining the necessary and sufficient conditions of the solvability of weakly perturbed boundary-value problems for the nonlinear operator-differential Riccati equation in the Hilbert space on the interval and whole line with parameter ?. We find the solution of the given boundary value problem which for e = 0 turns in one of the solutions of generating boundary value problem. Solution of the generating problem is constructed with the using generalized operator in analytical form. Iterative process for finding of solutions of weakly nonlinear equation with quadratic error is constructed.


An internal multiband loop antenna suitable for application in the small‐size mobile device (groundplane length 50 mm only) is presented. Along the loop strip of the antenna, it is configured to have two symmetric meandered sections and a central widened section. With the configured loop strip, three resonant loop modes (0.5‐, 1.0‐, and 1.5‐wavelength loop modes) can be excited to form two wide operating bands centered at about 900 and 1900 MHz for GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation in the small‐size mobile device. In addition, the loop antenna along with the short ground plane studied here shows near‐omnidirectional radiation patterns in the azimuthal plane for frequencies over the antenna's two wide operating bands, which is different from conventional internal mobile phone antennas and is advantageous for practical applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1279–1285, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23337


In this article, we derive the corresponding implied VIX formulas under the locally risk-neutral valuation relationship (LRNVR) proposed by Duan (1995) when a class of square-root stochastic autoregressive volatility (SR-SARV) models are proposed for S&P 500 index. The empirical study shows that the GARCH implied VIX is consistently and significantly lower than the CBOE VIX for all kinds of GARCH model investigated when they are estimated with returns only. When jointly estimated with both returns and VIX, the parameters are distorted unreasonably, and the GARCH implied VIX still cannot fit the CBOE VIX from various statistical aspects. The source of this discrepancy is then theoretically analyzed. We conclude that the GARCH option pricing under the LRNVR fails to incorporate the price of volatility or variance risk premium. Copyright The Author, 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: email@example.com, Oxford University Press.


We study a generalized Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity of the form of $f(\mathcal{G})$ without considering the standard Einstein-Hilbert term as standard in the literature. The approach is motivated by the fact that, in particular conditions, the Ricci curvature scalar can be easily recovered and then a pure $f(\cal G)$ gravity can be considered a further generalization of General Relativity like $f(R)$ gravity. Searching for Noether symmetries, we specify the functional forms that are invariant under point transformations in a spherically symmetric spacetime and, with the help of these symmetries, we find exact solutions. By fixing some of the free parameters of the theory, we recover the Schwarzschild and de-Sitter solutions, showing that, $f(\cal G)$ Gauss-Bonnet gravity is significant without assuming the Ricci scalar in the action. Furthermore, we test these solutions using Solar System tests, and specifically the perihelion precession, the Radar Echo Delay and the light deflection by the Sun. For suitable choices of parameters, the correct experimental results are reproduced.


Graph matching is a fundamental NP-hard problem in computer science. We propose an approximate graph matching method. To match the nodes of two graphs, our method first constructs an association graph. For each pair of nodes within the association graph, our method computes their mutual consistency on the basis of the distance information and angle information of the original graphs' nodes. The consistencies of all pairs of nodes form an affinity matrix. With the affinity matrix, our method then performs random walks on the association graph to achieve a stable quasi-stationary distribution. Discretizing the distribution on the basis of the Hungarian algorithm, our method finally obtains the matching between the nodes of the two original graphs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on graph matching.


Potato is the second most valued food crop after maize contributing to national domestic consumption and food needs in Kenya. Despite the ease in cultivation and fewer labor requirements, potato production in Kenya is not yet promising as compared to neighboring countries like Tanzania especially in the major growing areas like Molo Sub-County. Low potato in Kenya is due to several biotic and abiotic stresses. In order to develop appropriate interventions to improve production, it is important to first understand farmers' characteristics, prevailing production practices, potato production constraints, and suggestions for improvement as it is important in providing the basis for addressing the numerous challenges that the farmers face. This study was thus carried out in Molo Sub-County, Kenya with the main objective of analyzing and documenting key information characterizing the socio-demographics of smallholder potato farmers, their production practices, potato production constraints, and their suggestions for improvement in the area. Data was collected from 152 smallholder potato farmers sampled randomly from the accessible population of 6000 potato growers. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicate that 44.7% of the land in the study area was self-owned. 62.5 % of the farmers belonged to a farmer group. Majority of the farmers 48 % had 1 -5 years of potato farming experience. Literacy levels in the study area were high with over 92.8 % of respondents attaining formal education. There was a higher percentage of women respondents than men 52.6 % and 47.4 % respectively. In terms of age majority of the respondents were middle-aged. The potato variety most preferred and grown by the respondents was shangi. In terms of potato yields, the majority 78.3% had potato yields less than 5tons/ha. The major potato production constraints were high pests and diseases, high costs of inputs, and market ..........


Azidoarenes were readily transformed to aminoarenes in good yiels under mild conditions with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a catalytic amount of rhodium(III) complex, which is more catalytically active than rhodium(I) or palladium(II) complexes.


A user equipment (UE) implementing a message recovery method is disclosed, supporting messages of both the circuit switched (CS) domain and the packet switched (PS) domain. The UE roams in a wireless telecommunications system and performs a call setup procedure. When the UE receives an NAS message comprising a domain identifier and a protocol discriminator, the UE determines whether the domain identifier and the protocol discriminator are of the same domain. If the domain identifier and the protocol discriminator are of the same domain, the UE proceeds with processes corresponding to the NAS message. If the domain identifier and the protocol discriminator are of different domains, the NAS message is determined to be an error message, and the UE modifies the domain identifier of the NAS message to generate a recovered NAS message, and determines whether the recovered NAS message is compatible to the call setup procedure.


Limited dependent variable techniques are used to model the decision-making process in a dual-pricing household water system as employed in Brisbane, Australia. In this system, households could initially choose to remain on a standard ratable value principle of payment for water or to move to a volumetric, user-pays system. Because of uncertainty associated with future household water demand, the option to remain on the existing system has value and is thereby incorporated into the appropriate decision-making model. A number of property and household characteristics are found to influence the choice of water charging system along with the value of the option. These include property size and ratable value, the number of household members, the type of garden vegetation, and the presence of various household appliances.


With the development of internet, illegal copying problem has become more serious and thus made digital watermarking enters as an important role to handle and deal such a critical issue. In this paper we present a digital audio watermarking process with the use of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Transform (HT). A binary image, which is obtained by mapping from standard normal distributed pseudo random numbers, is embedded as secret information into the significant coefficients of the highest energetic IMF that are greater than a specified adaptive threshold. Thus watermarked IMF is less sensitive to common signal processing attacks like such as additive noise, low pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, MP3 compression, and sound processing effects etc . As a result this method increases more robustness. All this mean that, our methodology is applied to any image and any audio signals. .Experimentation has ensured the mark physical property, the ability of detection of the mark and therefore the hardiness against completely different varieties of attacks. KeywordsEMD, Hilbert transform, IMF, re-sampling,


With the deepening of new medical reform policy,difficulty and hotspot,opportunities and challenges both exist in ideological and political work in public hospital. Through facing the new situation,how to play the role of ideological and political work in public hospital in medical teaching,medical care,public health emergency,aid and support of the other places,the pathway of ideological and political work should be innovated,the aim of ideological and political work be clanified,hospital strategic height be unified,and hospital center be served.


In this article we present the results of three research projects made by teachers that belong to the Metropolitan Network of Bogotá (RUMBO). The digital maturity model – HEI in Colombia centers its analysis in the adequate planning and implementation of organizations. In a second instance we find the gamified Virtual Environments in the industry, which explain the process of creating a learning environment based on augmented reality and virtual reality (technologies of the industry 4.0), and its design based on constructionism, gamification and serious games. Finally, we have the project "Elements for the design of the interaction and usability in the user experience for accessibility in education in the Smart City". The results showed the importance of educational transformation for the creation of inclusive didactic material, focused on the design of an architecture that facilitates content appropriation.


Abstract Background Continuing professional development (CPD) is essential for life-long learning of health professionals, yet evaluations of CPD focus on a narrow range of impacts. This study explored the range of impacts that are possible from attending CPD programs that foster social learning, and applied Wenger's social theory of learning to explain why these impacts occur. Methods Twenty semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of past participants from two immersive CPD institutes. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Five themes were identified; (i) growing and utilising a network of like-minded individuals, (ii) forming stronger identities, (iii) applying learnings to practice, (iv) obtaining achievements and recognition, and (v) going beyond the scholar. Participants described experiencing both immediate and sustained impacts as a result of attending the courses. Concepts from Wenger's social learning theory including peripheral membership, reification and multimembership helped to explain why these impacts occur. Conclusions The results suggest that a range of sustained impacts are possible as a result of attending CPD programs, but ongoing social learning is crucial to achieving these impacts. The social process of learning should be considered in the design of future CPD.


Objective To compare the method and the effect of two different fungal staining method for Candida vaginitis fungal staining.Methods In 50 suspected patients with candidal vaginitis vaginal exfoliated epithelial cell smears,25 Zuoliu methenamine silver stainings were randomly selected and the other 25 had periodic acid Schiff(PAS method).Results Six amine method of silver staining showed: spore and pseudohyphal was dark brown,orange and yellow background,and the positive rate was 76%;over the periodic acid Schiff staining showed spore and pseudohyphae background red,purple and blue,and the positive rate was 80%.Conclusion Periodic acid Schiff staining method is simple and easy,with color bright simple preparation,low cost,and high positive rate of fungal staining.Diagnosis of Candida vaginitis is a very good experiment method,and worth popularizing.


The use of terms that relate to processes of assessment and con fi rmation of conformity of instruments and techniques of implementing measurements to metrological requirements is considered. The terms are found in regulatory documents in force in the Russian Federation. Signs of generality, subordination, equivalence, and af fi nity of terms related to technical regulation, quality assurance, assessment of conformity, and management of measurements are discussed. Existing differences in the de fi nitions of terms in regulatory documents are noted. Proposals to achieve a more orderly and unambiguous de fi nition and understanding of the terms that are discussed here are formulated.


Objective To observe the effectiveness of embolization using high heat-pressure-treated gelatin sponge particles for post-partum hemorrhage.Methods 65 cases with post-partum hemorrhage were treated by embolization of uterine arteries and other blooding branches of interior iliac arteries.Results 59 cases had no re-bleeding after embolization(the rate of effectiveness 90.8%),6 cases re-bled in 48 hours after embolization(the rate of recurrence 9.2%)and the embolized arteries in 2 cases recanalized(the rate of recanalization 3.1%),1 case had uterine necrosis.Conclusion Embolization using self-made high heat-pressure-treated gelatin sponge particles for post-partum hemorrhage is effective,convenient and economic.


Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play essential roles in normal and pathophysiological function in liver. In steady state, HSCs contribute to retinoid storage, immune tolerance, and extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. Upon liver injury, they become activated and lead to morphological and functional changes. Studies have demonstrated that activation of HSCs by various stimuli such as toxins, microbial infection, or metabolic overload can promote the fibrotic changes in liver by production of ECM. Herein, we provide current knowledge about the basic characteristics of HSCs and the mechanism by which they are activated.


: Three kinds of mathematical thinking are defined according to Professor Sophia Krygowska: empirical inference, intuitive reasoning, and formal reasoning. We present six solutions by secondary school students – in groups of two – for each of three different problems in order to compare the thinking paths, analyze them in terms of the three kinds of thinking. Besides, we include a solution of another, 4th problem by a teacher of the secondary level, a postgraduate student of mathematics at a pedagogical university. This is aimed at comparing the process of evaluating a mathematical statement by young students and a mathematically educated person. We also attempt to interpret some solvers' reasoning from the perspective of the authors of other studies on the nature of mathematical thinking.


Hebei Province is a big tourism province,which has a lot of advantages to develop tourism.But there still exist many problems and a certain gap distance to a strong province in tourism.In the Capital economic circle of 6provinces and 2municipalities directly under the central government,Hebei ranks relatively backward.Through a questionnaire survey on the Hebei domestic tourists,the study finds that the majority of tourists' overall impression on tourist spots is poor.Therefore,efforts should be made,through further development of tourism resources,to increase its publicity,implement multi-faceted investment and financing policies,optimize the environment,restructure asset,implement talent development strategy and strengthen regional cooperation,improve the competitiveness of the tourism industry,thereby promoting the rapid and healthy development of the tourism industry in Hebei.


Objective This study used the anamnestic and clinical dysfunction Indices developed by Helkimo to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and need of treatment in complete denture wearers. Methods The sample consisted of 90 institutionalized patients selected randomly. They had a mean age of 67.2 years and wore upper and lower complete dentures. The collected data were tabulated and the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were used. The significance level was set at 5% (p . Desordem temporomandibular: prevalencia e necessidade de tratamento em pacientes portadores de proteses totais duplas ORIGINAL | ORIGINAL Temporomandibular disorder: prevalence and need of treatment in complete denture wearers Kely Virginia BONTEMPO1 Ricardo Alexandre ZAVANELLI1


The history of abortion and abortion statistics in the USSR between 1917 and 1991 is particular. Subjected to the vagaries of population policies during this period they can be reconstituted today from many extant archives. This article is concerned with the relationships between laws abortion trends ideological changes and statistics. It uses the abundant Russian and Soviet literature on abortion as well as statistics from the archives of the Ministry of Health. Finally the article analyzes the recent decline in abortion and the development of modern contraception mainly IUDs. (authors)


The article is devoted to the cultural analysis of the influence of the theory of postfordism, which considers post-Fordist production with post-industrial technology as the basis of industrial reproduction at the global level and the reproduction of capitalist social relations after the crisis of the Fordist mode of production and consumption. The abstract social space of the city is studied, which is formed by abstraction of labor and fetishization of things at the level of practice and the formation of a visually geometric representation of space with sign power re- pressive in relation to reality.

The basis of the concept of sociality as the basis of a unified theory of space was developed by the French philosopher and sociologist A. Lefebvre and further developed by American social geography and urban studies, in particular in the works of D. Harvey, E. Soggy, D. Gottdiener and others. The followers of Lefebvre (apart from those important are F. Jameson's influence) refer in particular to the interdisciplinary trend of post-Fordism, within which postmodernism is considered in connection with the post-Fordist regime of accumulation (a concept developed by the Marxist regulatory school). S. Lesch focuses on the cultural mode of signaling. Likewise, D. Hartmann considers the influence of postmodernism on the post-Fordist regime of capitalism. Paolo True and Pascal Gillen consider within the limits of post-Fordism the existence in modern conditions of the plural. V. Martyanov examines the links between post-Fordism and the post-industrial / information society conceptualized by D. Bell, E. Toffler, M. Castels and others.

The article deals with the reconstruction of the theory of social space and post-Fordism and outlines the social transformations of the twentieth century. In essence, it was a search for confirmation that the accumulation mode produces and reproduces social space. Architecture and urban space have become an important structural link through which to consider this connection and justify the invariance of the basic mode of accumu- lation through the reproduction of abstract social space and vice versa.

The analysis of the discourse around the urban abstract space associated with the identity of the bourgeois class and the need for the for- mation of a hierarchized homogeneous spatial texture of production is carried out. As well as post-Fordist globalization and post-industrialization, which led to a change in the function and structure of the city with the main role of the post-modernist regime of signification as the logic of late capitalism in the context of programmed consumption.


Mainstream book selection sources have traditionally carried a bias in favor of works by or about white Western males. This poses a problem in creating a representative collection for librarians who rely on these sources. Books for College Libraries, 3rd edition, (BCL3) is one such source. In this study, BCL3 was evaluated for inclusion of works by or about women. Results indicate that whereas BCL3 does include some important women's works there is yet room for improvement, and librarians building a well-rounded collection will need to search both mainstream and non-mainstream sources.


National Radium Commission (1937-8). Ninth Annual Report. H.M.S.O., London. Paterson, R. (1948). The Treatment of Malignant Disease by Radium aend X-rays. Arnold, London. -Tod, Margaret C., and Russell, Marion (1950). The Results of Radium and X-ray Treatment in Malignant Disease. Livingstone, Edinburgh. Poppe, Erik (1943). Acta derm. venereol., Stockh., 24, 393. Smithers, D. W. (1946). The X-ray Treatment of Accessible Cancer. Arnold, London.


Suneva Medical has launched a multicenter phase 3 study to investigate the efficacy of the dermal filler Artefill (polymethylmethacrylate) for treatment of acne scars.


The GMM is a conventional approach which has been recently applied in many face recognition studies. However, the question about how to deal with illumination changes while ensuring high performance is still a challenge, especially with real-world databases. In this paper, we propose a Visual Observation Confidence (VOC) measure for robust face recognition for illumination changes. Our VOC value is a combined confidence value of three measurements: Flatness Measure (FM), Centrality Measure (CM), and Illumination Normality Measure (IM). While FM measures the discrimination ability of one face, IM represents the degree of illumination impact on that face. In addition, we introduce CM as a centrality measure to help FM to reduce some of the errors from unnecessary areas such as the hair, neck or background. The VOC then accompanies the feature vectors in the EM process to estimate the optimal models by modified-GMM training. In the experiments, we introduce a real-world database, called KoFace, besides applying some public databases such as the Yale and the ORL database. The KoFace database is composed of 106 face subjects under diverse illumination effects including shadows and highlights. The results show that our proposed approach gives a higher Face Recognition Rate (FRR) than the GMM baseline for indoor and outdoor datasets in the real-world KoFace database (94% and 85%, respectively) and in ORL, Yale databases (97% and 100% respectively).


Airborne laser scanning survey and photogrammetry system is the most advanced technology of photogrammetry and RS field in the world According to application of foreign airborne laser scanning survey and photogrammetry system, combined with the specialties of transmission line survey, this paper provides an ideal of applying airborne laser scanning survey and photogrammetry system in transmission line survey; and introduced the definition, principium, methods and products of airborne laser scanning survey and photogrammetry system


An interactive computer model of truck/shovel operations in an open-pit copper mine has been developed to aid in the design and evaluation of a computer-based truck dispatching system. Interactive features include computer graphics and alphanumeric displays of on-going simulation results and a facility for user command entry. These interactive features allow the model user to act as the decision maker during simulation experiments. A non-interactive option allows execution of high speed simulation experiments with no displays and with automatic decision making.


The overarching objective of this project was to identify changes in neural and biochemical systems of the central and peripheral nervous systems (the CNS and PNS) that are related to disruptions of functional motor responses, or motor control. The identification of neural and biochemical changes that are related to sensory-motor adaptation elicited as animals react to changes in the gravitational field was of particular interest. Thus, the major objective of this work was to study disruptions of motor responses that arise after (sic. due to) chronic exposure to altered gravity (G). To do this, parallel studies investigating changes in neural, sensory, and neuromuscular systems were conducted after animals (rats) experienced chronic exposure to conditions of altered-G. Conditions of altered-G included hyper-G produced by centrifugation, micro-G produced by orbital flight, and simulated micro-G produced by hind limb suspension. A second major interest was to examine the contribution of putative changes in sensory systems to disruptions of motor responses. To do this, motor responses and reflexes of rats were studied following chronic treatment with streptomycin sulfate (STP, an ototoxic chemical) to damage the vestibular hair cells.


In the electric substations, risk-free operation of power transformers is important, as unexpected failures and outage can result in serious accidents and lead to high costs that are undesirable in an increasingly competitive environment. The loss of the mechanical strength and the aging of oil-impregnated cellulose insulation are important factors which limit the operating life of transformers. There is a constant concern for the determination of new chemical markers and methods for identifying cellulose insulation degradation in transformers as early as possible. This paper presents the determination of the state of degradation of solid insulation in a transformer based on 2-furfuraldehyde (2-FAL) and methanol (MeOH) chemical markers by using a system based on neural networks with a Bayesian-type training algorithm.


Objective: Cancer is one of the most common health problems in the world. Music is a therapy method that creates positive changes in human behavior. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Turkish and Western classical music on MCF-7, SKOV-3, PC-3, U87, and COLO741 cancer cell lines.
Materials and Methods: Group 1: No sound, Group 2: Turkish classical music (ney), Group 3: Western classical music (piano), and Group 4: Western classical music (violin). After listening to the cancer cells for 40 min, the audio files were interrupted for 1h, and then music was played for another 40 min. The effect of music on the proliferation of cancer cells was determined by WST-1 cell viability analysis. Statistical analyzes were performed with the SPSS program.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups that were applied music once in only the MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the control group (p>0.05). A statistically significant decrease was detected in cell viability when the control group and the other groups that were applied to music twice were compared (p


This paper has a comprehensive analysis of the cloud logistics development momentum, in view of the commercial mode theory of Alexander Osterwalder. In combination with the three aspects of assets management such as the allocation of resources, core competitiveness and the partner network , this paper lists the commercial mode analysis of XingChenJiBian Company (STARS EXPRESS).Finally, the current problems and developing trend of cloud logistics mode under e-commerce have been sorted out.And the future of cloud logistics has been prospected in the paper based on the development of cloud logistics.


Abstract It is 30 years since Vietnam implemented the 'Doi Moi' economic reforms. The subsequent influx of capital was accompanied by a general infiltration of foreign influences, arguably none more important than the English language. This article focuses on an area where market and language converge: the private English as a second language industry. Drawing upon the ideas of Pierre Bourdieu, the article utilises the experiences of teachers to examine industry practices, with particular emphasis on the consequences of education commodification. The article locates its findings within the wider contexts of Vietnamese education, economy and the global propagation of the English language and market ideals. These findings depict a profit-driven industry where the customer always being right is not always right for the customer.


Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction, ischemic electrocardiographic changes, and minimal release of myocardial enzymes without obstructive coronary artery disease. This syndrome that mimics an acute myocardial infarction is prevalent among female patients and is regarded as a benign medical condition. The precise pathophysiological mechanism of TTS is complex and not completely understood, but specific emotional or physical events precipitate this syndrome that represents a typical condition characterized by interactions between cardiovascular and neuropsychological diseases. In addition, many different neurological disorders, such as stroke, subarachnoid bleeding, head injury, epilepsy, and bacterial meningitis, have directly or indirectly related to TTS; unfortunately, these acute neurological diseases represented the cause of death in patients nominated for organ donation and in particular for the heart donor. This article reviews the relationship between TTS and solid organ transplantation; in particular, this article highlights the possible mechanisms underlying the induction of TTS in pre- and post-transplantation phases and in heart-transplant patients.


A new self aligned contact technology has been introduced into a 4Mbit DRAM process. The contact hole is overlapping gate and field oxide. A thin nitride/thin poly-Si/oxide multilayer allows a contact hole etch, which does not significantly affect the oxide isolation of the gate and the field oxide. After acting as etch stop, the poly-Si is changed into oxide by selective oxidation. The new process offers an improved reflow of isolation oxide and contact hole rounding.


The implications on direct bonding quality, when using a double oxidation step to fabricate capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs), is analyzed. The protrusions along the CMUT cavity edges created during the second oxidation are investigated using simulations, AFM measurements, and a proposed analytical model, which is in good agreement with the simulated results. The results demonstrate protrusion heights in the order of 10 nm to 40 nm, with higher oxidation temperatures giving the highest protrusions. Isotropically wet etched cavities exhibit significantly smaller protrusions than anisotropically plasma etched cavities after the second oxidation. It is demonstrated that the protrusions will prevent good wafer bonding without subsequent polishing or etching steps. A new fabrication process is therefore proposed, allowing protrusion-free bonding surfaces with no alteration of the final structure and no additional fabrication steps compared to the double oxidation process. Two identical CMUT arrays with circular and square cavities having diameter/side lengths of 72 μm/65 μm and a 20 μm interdistance are fabricated with the two processes, demonstrating void-free bonding and 100 % yield from the proposed process compared to poor bonding and 7 % yield using the double oxidation process.


Provided is a luminescent building block with an electricity connection structure and the power supply base thereof. The luminescent building block includes a hollow building block which is provided with a top part and a bottom part, more than two upward protruding ring shaped wedge anchorage parts are arranged on the top part, and more than two wedge holes are arranged in the bottom part, the wedge holes are corresponding to the wedge anchorage parts of the top part; more than two electricity connection modules are arranged in the building blocks, each electricity connection module is provided with a positive conductive member and a negative conductive member which are separated by a fixing column, more than one luminescent components are arranged between the positive conductive member and the negative conductive member, the two ends of the positive conductive member and the negative conductive member are respectively provided with a first positive contact part and a second positive contact part as well as a first negative contact part and a second negative contact part, the positive and the negative contact parts are respectively arranged at the inner sides of the wedge anchorage parts and the wedge holes on the building block, when the wedge anchorage parts and the wedge holes of the building block are wedged and anchored, the power supply is simultaneously connected, and the luminescent components inside are lightened.


ABSTRACT A method is given for deriving indefinite integrals involving squares and other products of functions which are solutions of second-order linear differential equations. Several variations of the method are presented, which applies directly to functions which obey homogeneous differential equations. However, functions which obey inhomogeneous equations can be incorporated into the products and examples are given of integrals involving products of Bessel functions combined with Lommel, Anger and Weber functions. Many new integrals are derived for a selection of special functions, including Bessel functions, associated Legendre functions, and elliptic integrals. A number of integrals of products of Gauss hypergeometric functions are also presented, which seem to be the first integrals of this type. All results presented have been numerically checked with Mathematica.


Composite metallopolymer membranes based on an asymmetric polyarylide coated with deposited thin layers of palladium alloy as well as those containing sandwiched layers of cobalt or nickel were investigated. Temperature dependence of hydrogen permeability through composite membranes with different thickness of a deposited layer of palladium alloy was studied. Activation energy for hydrogen permeation of metallopolymer membranes was shown to exceed that of a pure polymer, and this parameter was considered to be a measure of the integrity of the deposited metallic layer


In this study with ASODEPA roller skaters from Bogota (Skating Coaches Association), it was intended to determine the conditional profile and body composition of this group of athletes, by means of electric bioimpedance, easy to use, economical and fast, On the other hand, different field tests were applied to evaluate the physical characteristics. A descriptive study was carried out, with a quantitative approach with a transversal design, in a total sample of 24 roller speed skaters, 21 women and 3 men, who met the previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within the results of the physical tests, the athletes are within the ranges of good and excellent according to the established reference tables, except in manual dynamometry tests in which the results were not the best, classifying them badly. Body composition was analyzed for size, weight and age compared to national and international research, showing that the ASODEPA Bogota roller skaters had the lowest values of each item analyzed, on the other hand, the percentages of fat were compared and muscle mass, concluding that men present a higher percentage of muscle mass and lower percentage of fat mass, while in women a higher fat percentage and lower muscle mass, it was concluded that ASODEPA Bogota athletes are away from the optimal ranges for a speed skater previously stipulated, but due to their age, these ranges can be reached so that their future ratings are as close as an elite speed roller skaters.


When an eruption event occurs it is necessary to accurately and rapidly determine the position and evolution during time of the volcanic cloud and its parameters (such as Aerosol Optical Depth-AOD, effective radius-Re and mass-Ma of the ash particles), in order to ensure the aviation security and the prompt management of the emergencies.

Here we present different procedures for volcanic ash cloud detection and retrieval using S3 SLSTR (Sentinel-3 Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer) data collected the 22 June at 00:07 UTC by the Sentinel-3A platform during the Raikoke (Kuril Islands) 2019 eruption.

The volcanic ash detection is realized by applying an innovative machine learning based algorithm, which uses a MultiLayer Perceptron Neural Network (NN) to classify a SLSTR image in eight different surfaces/objects, distinguishing volcanic and weather clouds, and the underlying surfaces. The results obtained with the NN procedure have been compared with two consolidated approaches based on an RGB channels combination in the visible (VIS) spectral range and the Brightness Temperature Difference (BTD) procedure that exploits the thermal infrared (TIR) channels centred at 11 and 12 microns (S8 and S9 SLSTR channels respectively). The ash volcanic cloud is correctly identified by all the models and the results indicate a good agreement between the NN classification approach, the VIS-RGB and BTD procedures.

The ash retrieval parameters (AOD, Re and Ma) are obtained by applying three different algorithms, all exploiting the volcanic cloud “mask” obtained from the NN detection approach. The first method is the Look Up Table (LUTp) procedure, which uses a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) to simulate the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) radiances in the SLSTR thermal infrared channels (S8, S9), by varying the aerosol optical depth and the effective radius. The second algorithm is the Volcanic Plume Retrieval (VPR), based on a linearization of the radiative transfer equation capable to retrieve, from multispectral satellite images, the abovementioned parameters. The third approach is a NN model, which is built on a training set composed by the inputs-outputs pairs TOA radiances vs. ash parameters. The results of the three retrieval methods have been compared, considering as reference the LUTp procedure, since that it is the most consolidated approach. The comparison shown promising agreement between the different methods, leading to the development of an integrated approach for the monitoring of volcanic ash clouds using SLSTR.

The results presented in this work have been obtained in the sphere of the VISTA (Volcanic monItoring using SenTinel sensors by an integrated Approach) project, funded by ESA and developed within the EO Science for Society framework [https://eo4society.esa.int/projects/vista/].


This collection of short stories was No. 4 in the Sunday American's Summer Library of Gems of Short Fiction. The volume contains the following stories: "The Man Higher Up," "A Tempered Wind," and "Innocents of Broadway."


Given the impediments around them, can welfare recipients be required to work? Most analysts have answered no. They say the recipients are usually kept from employment by socioeconomic barriers, such as insufficient jobs, and the disincentives to work inherent in welfare. Studies of recent AFDC work programs make them look promising but do not directly address the potential for work enforcement. This article, a cross-sectional study of state WIN programs in 1979, suggests that work requirements could raise work levels substantially despite the impediments. But requirements probably do not improve the quality of jobs recipients are able to get. Therefore, enforcement serves the goal of integration, but to achieve greater economic equality will require additional reforms.


Newly introduced five clones of Poplar ( Populus deltoides Marsh) from Northern India to Central India, were studied for their leaf shedding and emerg.::mce behaviour during winter and spring seasons. The clones namely G-3, G-48, D-121 and S7-Cl remained in complete leafless condition for 2, 5, 7 and 6 weeks respectively. The leaf emergence in these clones started in first week of March and rapid leaf formation was recorded in subsequent weeks during March and April. The clone 65/ 27 has maintained its evergreen status under Central Indian conditions with minimum no. ofleaves during the months of January and February. These observations suggest the existence of a very short deciduous period in all the clones under Central Indian conditions. It has been further suggested that the deciduous condition has definite role in deciding the suitability of the clone under tropical conditions of Central India.


Acoustic vortices carrying orbital angular momentum are significant in wave-matter interactions, allowing for versatile devices with promising applications. However, current metasurface-based vortex generators have limited bandwidth, operating within a narrow frequency range. Here, we propose a broadband acoustic metasurface with four space-coiling-cavity units through the bottom-up topology optimization. These units have constant phase differences with high-efficiency transmission (>0.8) over a desired frequency range [3.0, 4.0] kHz, indicating the unique wideband vortex response of their assembled metasurfaces. Our simulations and experiments further demonstrate this excellent performance. This breakthrough in broadband vortices allows for the development of devices like acoustic tweezers, antennas, and spanners.


Corresponding author: Pourhaji, A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Copyright © 2022, Pourhaji et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons NonCommercial Attribution License (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits Share copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and Adapt remix, transform, and build upon the material, under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. Associated Bracon Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with flower-heads of Asteraceae in Iran


Acknowledgements-
Contribution: Valerie A. Fenech and John Schembri contributed equally to research the data
and write the paper. Pierre Ellul, Godfrey Grech, and Neville Azzopardi reviewed the paper
and were also involved in writing the manuscript.


Educational quality based on process refers to the extent to which teaching and learning accord with the educational law.The direct educational process refers to students' learning and development,and the indirect educational process refers to schools' education and teaching activity,students management activities and school-based curriculum.The evaluation standard of direct educational process quality is the initiative and scientificity of students' self-construction.The evaluation standard of indirect educational process quality is the extent to which the school and teachers contribute to improving the initiative and scientificity of students' self-construction.The view of educational process quality and its evaluation are helpful for education quality evaluation back to its basic standard,which could emancipate teachers and students from the overdependence upon students' scores.


Pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin were investigated in 7 healthy cross bred pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) and 30 broilers following single intravenous,intramuscular and oral administration of the drug at the dose of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. respectively.Blood samples were collected at different intervals after administration and sarafloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC method with a limit of detection of 0.05 mg/L. Pharmacokintic parameters were calculated with a statistic moment method.The result showed that there was significant difference between the pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin in pigs and broilers. Sarafloxacin was more quickly absorbed, more extensively distributed and more quickly eliminated in broilers than that in pigs.


The main target of this reflex paper is to explain some ideas about behavioral economics, such as the prospect theory and the framing effect, as well as its possible implications for the law, especially in the context of tobacco control law in Colombia and the current package warning labels. The paper concludes that these warnings have the potential to reduce the tobacco consumption. However, the effectiveness of these messages could be increased if the information is reframed in an alternative way.


Dry matter and cellulose digestibility were not affected by the urea infusions. The apparent nitrogen digestibility, derived from the difference between feed and faecal N, and ignoring infused N, was slightly depressed by urea infusions of from 9 to 34 g N/day, but at the highest level of infusion (43.7 g N/day) it was equal to or greater than the control value. Rumen pH and VFA concentrations were not affected by the urea infusions. Rumen ammonia increased rapidly with increased infusion level at the lower levels of infusion but, at the higher levels of infusion, it increased only slightly or not at all.


TWENTY years past, folks generally created friends with others who live or work near themselves, like neighbors or colleagues. we have a tendency to decision friends created through this ancient fashion as G-friends, that stands for geographical location-based friends as a result of they're influenced by the geographical distances between one another. With the speedy advances in social networks, services like Facebook, Twitter and Google+ have provided us revolutionary ways in which of creating friends.According to Facebook statistics, a user has a mean of one hundred thirty friends, maybe larger than the other time in history. One challenge with existing social networking services is a way to suggest a good or reliable friend to a user. Most of them rely on pre-existing user relationships to choose friend candidates. for instance, Facebook depends on a social link analysis among those that already share common friends and recommends  users as potential friends.Unfortunately, this approach might not be the foremost applicable supported recent social science findings. according to these studies, the principles to group individuals along include: 1) habits or life style; 2) attitudes; 3) tastes; 4) ethical standards; 5) economic level; and 6) individuals they already know. life styles are typically closely correlate with daily routines and activities. Therefore, if we tend to may gather data on users' daily routines and activities, we are able to exploit rule #1 and suggest friends to individuals supported their similar life styles. This recommendation mechanism may be deployed as a standalone app on smartphones for existing social network frameworks.


This paper believes that the insiders′selling behavior in listing corporations has its intrinsicmechanism.The insiders′selling behavior is somewhat out of increasing their liquidity,some reallocation of assets,and some obtaining excess returns using the information advantage.No matter for what purpose or what kind of motivation,starting from the rational economic man′s point of view,insiders are trying to maximize their own utility and interests.The research literatures of insider trading have been too numerous to enumerate,which are covering wide scope and perspective of the numerous different,so this paper is committed to summarize the existed literatures to find intrinsic logic of the existing research.This paper studies the intrinsic mechanism from four aspects of insiders′liquidity constraints,market effect of insiders′trading,motivation of insiders′selling behavior and legal effect of the insiders′selling behavior.Furthermore,this paper extended to the China′s special environment of capital market to make a full map of the insiders behavior,hoping to provide some theoretical contributions for future research.


A power quality management system is proposed,which integrates GIS,Mapinfo and spatial database together and takes MapX groupware as GIS developing platform and Visual Basic 6.0 as front developing tool.Its software implementation is described and analyzed in detail.The power quality indexes combined with the geographical information of power network or transmission line are real-timely displayed for the correct evaluation of grid power quality.The system,developed on MapX component platform and equipped with vivid map information,realizes the integrative storage and management of spatial data and attribute data.


ANVISA approved the new nutrition labeling standard with the inclusion of the Front of Package, making nutritional properties more visible. The objective of the work was to verify, through market research with label prototypes, if the new labeling would cause changes in purchase intention. With this, labels were prepared and then a form containing their comparisons was created and distributed through social networks to the population. The questionnaire received 352 responses, verifying that 52.3% did not understand the information on the labels and, regarding the new labeling, the intention to buy the products decreased from 11.9 to 22.5%, demonstrating that it will provide healthier food choices.


Background: glucocorticoids are the main therapy for treating peritumoral edema in patients with intracranial tumors. The use of glucocorticoids has side effects, one of which is hyperglycemia or what is called Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus (GIDM). Hyperglycemia in brain tumor patients is associated with decreased survival, increased recurrence and degeneration to malignancy.
Objective: to determine the association between age and the incidence of GIDM in intracranial tumor patients.
Method: this study uses a cohort design. Sampling was conducted at Ruang Rawat Inap Terpadu (Rindu) H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Samples were taken as many as 30 subjects consecutively. Blood sugar levels were checked twice a day on days 4 and day 5. Data analysis used the fisher test and eta correlation test.
Results: demographic characteristics of the study subjects were an average age of 51 years, high school education level, housewife occupation. As many as 46.7% were primary brain tumors and 53.3% were metastatic brain tumors with the most metastases originating from the lungs (56.3%). There was no difference in the proportion of age groups for the incidence of GIDM (p> 0.05). There was no significant relationship between age and the incidence of GIDM (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: there is no difference in the proportion of the age group to the incidence of GIDM and there is no significant association between age and the incidence of GIDM.


A woman suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted, in April 2010, to the Internal Medicine Department for hyperpyrexia: then a diagnosis for spondylodiscitis D3-D4 (Staphylococcus aureus) was made. During these last months, we diagnosed sepsis due to Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli, lung consolidation and critical respiratory failure of the 1st type, pulmonary infection due to Candida albicans, and anaemia of multifactorial origin. During PET examination the tracer was initially fixed on the dorsal side, after an antibiotic treatment just at the level of the large intestine's walls. The diagnosis that explained the chronic anaemia, the spondylodiscitis and the recurring sepsis with pneumonia was made thanks to the colonscopy and the calprotectin increase: Crohn disease in relative activity.


The proportional subdistribution hazards (PSH) model is popularly used to deal with competing risks data. Censored quantile regression provides an important supplement as well as variable selection methods due to large numbers of irrelevant covariates in practice. In this paper, we study variable selection procedures based on penalized weighted quantile regression for competing risks models, which is conveniently applied by researchers. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators, including consistency and asymptotic normality of non-penalized estimator and consistency of variable selection, are established. Monte Carlo simulation studies are conducted, showing that the proposed methods are considerably stable and efficient. Real data about bone marrow transplant (BMT) are also analyzed to illustrate the application of the proposed procedure.


A voltage source converter is used as a front end converter typically. In this paper, a converter which is realized using SiC MOSFET is considered. Due to SiC MOSFET, a switching frequency more than 50 kHz can be achieved. This can help increasing the current control loop bandwidth, which is not possible with the Si based converter switching with 10-20 kHz. Due to increased current controller bandwidth, it is possible to control the negative sequence current without a separate negative sequence current controller. This paper presents a new feedforward controller for the negative-sequence current together with a positive-sequence current controller for the front-end rectifier. A gain in the feedforward term can be changed to control the negative-sequence current. Simulation results are presented to verify the theory.


• Those who have experienced symptoms of the flu this season should still be vaccinated against the H1N1 flu. Many of the people who had flu-like illnesses this year had other viruses, not the H1N1 flu. Even if a child had the H1N1 flu already, getting the H1N1 vaccine is safe. This vaccine is available in pediatricians' and family physicians' offices for children who did not receive their first doses of H1N1 vaccine. Second doses of H1N1 vaccine will be offered to children who are younger than 10 years of age in late January or early February in additional school-based clinics. More information about these clinics will be released in the coming weeks. Children who are 10 years of age and older do not need second doses of H1N1 vaccine.


This paper introduces multiphase PWM current source rectifier (CSR). This rectifier is suitable for wind energy or micro turbine applications which have multiphase generators with no need for electric gear such as low frequency transformer. As a case study, medium voltage (MV) five-phase PWM current source rectifier (CSR) with controlled dc-link current is introduced. MATLAB/SIMULINK platform is used as a simulation tool.


We have used the combination of fludarabine/cyclophosphamide/rituximab (FCR) as a conditioning regimen for NMT in patients (pts) with relapsed NHL (Blood989:3595, 2001). Seventy-eight consecutive pts were treated. Median age was 53 yrs (range, 21–68). Median # of prior chemoregimens was 3. Twenty-one (27%) had failed a prior autologous. Histologies included follicular (FL)=47 pts (60%), diffuse large cell (DLCL)=16 pts (21%) and mantle cell (MCL)=15 pts (19%). Thirty-nine (50%) were in partial remission (PR), five (6%) had stable or progressive disease (SPD) and 34 (44%) were in complete remission (CR) at study entry. Sixty-nine (88%) had a matched sibling, 6 a matched unrelated, and three a mismatched sibling donor. Ten pts had either PET or Gallium-avid disease at transplant: six were in clinical PR and 4 were in SPD. Peripheral blood was the source of graft in 71 pts (91%). Tacrolimus/Methotrexate were used for GVHD prophylaxis. Median time for ANC >500 was 10 days. Sixty pts did not require any platelet transfusion. All but 2 pts who had SPD, converted to CR post transplant. All pts engrafted donor cells. Six had a secondary graft failure (GF), two of which occurred in the setting of disease progression. With a median follow-up time of 34 months (mos) (range, 3 to 70 mos), only 6 pts (8%) relapsed: two pts were in SPD/PET or Gallium(+), 3 were in PR/PET or Gallium(−) and one was in CR at transplant. None of the 6 pts who were PR/PET or Gallium (+) at study entry relapsed. Overall the risk of relapse in PET/Gallium (+) or (−) disease was not significant ( P =0.15). Five pts received donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) for disease progression: one achieved CR; the 4 other pts (two were in GF) did not respond. DLI was also given successfully to two other pts because of cytopenia related to a viral infection (1), and because of decreasing chimerism (1). Overall survival (OS) for all pts was 88%, 82% and 74% at 1,2 and 3-yr, respectively. By univariate analysis, OS was 95% at 3-yr for those who had failed a prior autologous transplant ( P = 0.04). Patients with FL histology had also a better 3-yr survival than DLCL [88 % vs 51% ( P = 0.008)]; the difference with MCL (65% at 3-yr) was not statistically significant ( P = 0.2). Non-relapse related mortality was 11%, 13%, and 19% at 1, 2 and 3-yr, respectively. The incidence of acute II-IV GVHD was 17%. Patients with FL disease had lower incidence of acute II-IV and III-IV GVHD than DLCL [11% vs 31%, P = 0.04; and 2% vs 25%, P = 0.02; respectively] which may have contributed to the higher OS rate in FL. Both FL and DLCL pts had similar age and donor type distribution. Two pts developed chronic GVHD post DLI. The incidence of chronic extensive and limited GVHD was 51% and was not statistically different between various histologies. We conclude that NMT with FCR for NHL is an effective treatment even in pts who failed a prior autologous transplantation and is associated with a low incidence of acute GVHD. The lower than expected relapse rate observed may be indicative that NMT could be curative for these diseases.


In this study, we numerically investigated sperm cell locomotion in shear flow near a plane wall, and clarified detailed mechanism of rheotaxis of sperm cells from fluid mechanical aspect. The results showed that, under shear flow, the sperm was able to hydrodynamically change its swimming direction, allowing it to swim upwards against the flow, which suggests that the upward swimming of sperm cells can be explained using fluid mechanics.


A Palladium/imidazolium chloride system has been used to mediate the dimerization of terminal alkynes to enynes. The combination of 1 mol % Pd(OAc)(2) and 2 mol % IMes.HCl in the presence of Cs(2)CO(3) as base shows high activity and high regio- and steroselectivity for the dimerization of aryl and aliphatic terminal alkynes to enynes.


REFERRED to, but rarely discussed, is a type of syphilis seen by the Army surgeon of the present day, and known as "malignant or galloping syphilis," the "syphilis maligne" of French writers. A better name could not be devised for a disease whose effects are of the gravest, whose course is most rapid, where the prognosis is uncertain, and where death is not uncommon. The term" syphilis grave," according to Dr. George Ogilvie, is reserved for" that class of cases characterised by severe symptoms, or by serious visceral derangement." We could include in this category malarial com., plications, which are usually visceral. Malignant syphilis is stated to have been frequently seen in Europe in epidemic form in the fifteenth century, at the time when syphilis was supposed to have been first introduced into Europe from abroad by Columbus and his followers. The above term, "syphilis grave," would probably have met most of the cases. It was also seen in the Peninsular War in 1806. Heroic doses of mercurial salts, however, accentuated the symptoms and retarded cure. Ferguson says that he had been "destroying instead of saving patients by murderous and unnecessary courses of mercury. The error lay in the abuse, not in the use, of the mineral." 1 In the present day we notice that it is mainly from abroad, Burmah more especially, and chiefly at seaport towns with mixed populations which sailors frequent, that this class of disease is seen. It is rarely met with when prostitution is effectually supervised. Amongst women, primary syphilis increases in severity with the access of pyogenic organisms, with neglect and with the concomitants of famine, hunger and dirt. We have ourselves noticed some twelve phagedoonic secondary or tertiary cases in about 500 cases of syphilis amongst soldiers. Among 8,691 cases of syphilis treated in the Copenhagen Municipal Hospital during fourteen years, malignant syphilis was observed thirty-nine times, and with equal frequency in men and women. Professor Haslund says: "The name should never be applied to


In present work SLDs fabrication of (InGa)PAs heterostructure were studied. For broad band superluminescent diodes, optical sensors based on "white light" interferometry-wide emission spectrum (small coherence length) is the main requirement. Record values of spectral linewidth are obtainable for SLDs based on quantum-well heterostructures.


Abstract. Although Jakarta seems to be the most favorable setting for Indonesian films, most Jakarta films are not about the city or its people, but rather about a large town with no name (Jufri (eds.) 1992: 23). Asrul Sani highlights the importance of showing physical pictures such as prominent buildings and adequate clothing, and a mental landscape.  In Andre Bazin's term, the mental landscape shows the "spiritual vitality" of one city on-screen, which construes s specific indications referring to that particular city.  Some social and gender issues within the films will be revealed and questioned  by exploring the mental landscape. This paper will discuss Rindu Kami pada-Mu  (Of Love and Eggs, Garin Nugroho, 2004). I  try to answer the question: how does Rindu Kami represent post-Reform Jakarta and its social and gender issues?   I argue that Rindu Kami pada-Mu represents the backdoors of Post-1998 Jakarta. Not only depicting the physical and mental landscape of lower-class society, such as a slum market, the film also portrays the psychological developments and achievements of urban people. They struggle against the remaining ideology of the New Order (State Ibuism, military-political system) and its concrete implementations (domestic violence, demolitions) in social issues. By doing textual analysis, using theories of Mental Landscape and  Stuart Hall's Representation, I will elaborate on "the other side of Jakarta" and its social issues, namely solidarity and communication Issues. Gender issues, such as the depiction of negative male characters and masculine militarism, will be discussed.


This paper addresses the call for the development of product service supply chains (PSSC) model in support of supply chain integration, focusing specifically on the inter-relationship of product and services in PSSC. Whilst the product aspects of supply chains have been extensively researched there is widespread recognition that the service elements have received inadequate attention and that is the focus of the early part of the paper. We examine the features of service environments using unified service theory concluding that supply chain operations reference is unsuitable for developing a PSSC model. We apply their Operate model to Talkphone, an internationally leading telecoms company with an integrated PSSC. Using the case research method, we develop an IDEF0 model of the core operate processes of Talkphone. We then use the IDEF0 model to highlight the importance of co-ordinating product and multiple service concepts for integrated PSSCs. An important observation is the importance of the model as a heuristic device for managing and co-ordinating PSSCs, particularly where there are multiple service concepts (see Figure 8). Finally, we consider the implications for future work including the potential for further empirical work into types of integrated PSSC which combine the four product and four service types into 16 possible combinations.


Objective: To investigate the effect of Yinjia San(YJS) particulate on hyperthyroidism.Methods:Fifty-two patients with hyperthyroidism were randomized into two groups: treatment group(YJS) with low dose Tapazol) 32 cases and control group(Tapazol)20 cases.Serum levels of FT3、FT4、TSH were measured in patients and changes of syndromes and signs in patients were observed.Results:The remission rate in the treatment group was marked higher than that in the control group.YJS had better effect in principal symptoms.Conclusion:The effect on hyperthyroidism treatment by YJS was satisfactory and without obvious side-effects.