The classification of constraints in mechanics and the various mechanical principles that apply to different types of constraints constitute a major area of research in the field of theoretical and applied mechanics. The sudden introduction of bilateral constraints into a mechanical process is blocking and its sudden removal is releasing. The sudden introduction and removal of bilateral constraints, which exist in a subset of the whole process time span, may induce impacts. An impulsive action integral is proposed for such mechanical processes. The projectors of the tangent space of the submanifold and the cotangent space are derived and the equations of motion in different constrained submanifolds are obtained by making use of the projectors. The questions of the uniqueness and the existence of the post-transition velocity are addressed.


The paper presents a description of acrylic-based polymers used in civil engineering for concrete protection. Some information on chemistry and properties of the acrylic coatings is included together with current trends in coating technology. Moreover, the paper shows test results, that is barrier properties and SEM observations of a commercial elastic acrylic-based polymer subject to artificial weathering for 1000h. The studies showed that the weathering did not change carbon dioxide permeability of the tested coating and its influence on water vapour permeability of the material was also very small. The test results show that an assessment of coating performance based only on barrier properties is not enough.


Freedom of expression and freedom of assembly are an integral part of a democratic society and of paramount importance to demonstrations and Non-governmental organisations (NGO). Both demonstrations and NGO:s are a very important sort of social capital and are part of horizontal organisations. Russia today is characterized by dominant vertical relations, even if there is a sufficient amount of horizontal relations represented. Two laws from 2004 and 2006 have severely restricted freedom of expression and assembly for NGO:s and demonstrations. This is not necessarily contradictory to international human rights conventions or the Russian Constitution: limitations can under certain circumstances be applied to the freedoms. The limitations must however be reasonable and necessary in a democratic society; it is doubtful whether the Russian government live up to these conditions when implementing the two laws. By using theories about horizontal organisation and the relationship between democracy and freedom of expression and assembly, it becomes clear that the freedoms are closely associated with horizontally organised groups. As a result from having their freedoms restricted, neither demonstrations nor NGO;s can function efficiently in the Russian society. (Less)


Patients suffering a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or ischaemic stroke (IS) have a high recurrence risk. The inhibition of platelet function is effective in the reduction of secondary vascular events in patients with TIA or stroke. This is true for acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, ticlopidine, and the combination of ASA and slow-release dipyridamole. This review analyses the results of recent trials like clopidogrel as well as the combination of clopidogrel plus ASA. Clopidogrel is superior to ASA in the prevention of vascular events in patients with IS, myocardial infarction, or peripheral arterial disease. The difference is highest for high-risk patients such as diabetics, patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery, and patients with additional vascular events. A prediction model which allows to identify patients in whom clopidogrel is superior to ASA for the secondary prevention of stroke is presented. In high-risk patients with TIA or stroke, the combination of clopidogrel plus ASA is not superior to clopidogrel monotherapy, but results in a higher rate of bleeding complications. Combination therapy is superior to aspirin monotherapy for the prevention of strokes but not for a combined vascular endpoint.


The twofold enhancement in the conversion efficiency of a monotron operating in the pi mode-instead of the longitudinally uniform TM 010 mode for which the efficiency is limited to 20%-arises from a phase synchronization process due to the action of RF electric fields of reversed signs in each partition of the bisected cavity.


The present invention discloses a service integration and delivery system, comprising: generating a service module, the service execution module, and management of service delivery module, resource scheduling and the adaptation module; wherein the service generating module for generating the application development environment to developers ; service execution request from the upper layer application processing module by performing resource scheduling appropriate resources to interact with the trigger and the adaptation module, an upper layer application returns the execution result; service delivery and management module provides support for service creation module and a service execution module, complete application delivery, billing; the requested resource scheduling and resource adapter module receives the trigger in the business execution, and resource scheduling and adaptation. Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a method of delivery and business integration, the present invention provides a business integration and delivery systems and methods can be applied to telecommunications networks, the Internet and other heterogeneous network, the application development cycle can be shortened, reducing the complexity of deployment ,cut costs.


ABSTRACT Indigenous peoples in Canada face chronic and systemic inequality and social injustice compared with non-Canadians. Yet state policies and programs aimed at addressing inequality and social injustice appear to be focused on aspects of inequality and social injustice, while an underlying injustice remains intact. As well, some policies and programs ostensibly intended to address some harms can end up perpetuating additional ones by leaving the underlying injustice unaddressed. In this paper, the author examines recognition theory and vulnerability theory for the purpose of determining whether there is an underlying assumption embedded in liberal notions of state/individual relations that results in a failure to hear indigenous claims properly. The author argues that the hierarchical relationships at the heart of theories of vulnerability and of recognition cannot capture either the injustices or the forms of remediation that would be required to address them.


This article is based on various versions of a panel presented at multiple writing centre and writing studies conferences as well as conversations across partners. Our perspectives come from discussions between our four universities before, during, and after an initial global North/global South writing support partnership meeting in the summer of 2018. During that summer, four universities (two in southern Africa and two in North America) partnered to begin a collaborative project of capacity building in the areas of writing centres and writing support across all levels of these universities, offering writing support to undergraduate and graduate students as well as earlycareer researchers/faculty. In this article, we share some of our ongoing concerns and considerations for ensuring this partnership moves forward in a collaborative, egalitarian, decolonial way that avoids both Western colonial and neo-colonial approaches to capacity building and program development. Reflections in this article can perhaps inform others working in the field of writing centre scholarship wanting to build similar global collaborations.


Accurate prediction of a stock price is a challenging task due to the complexity, chaos, and non-linearity nature of financial systems. In this brief, we proposed a multi-indicator feature selection method for stock price prediction based on Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and Broad Learning System (BLS), named the PCC-BLS framework. Firstly, PCC was used to select the input features from 35 features, including original stock price, technical indicators, and financial indicators. Secondly, these screened input features were used for rapid information feature extraction and training a BLS. Four stocks recorded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange or Shenzhen Stock Exchange were adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. In addition, we compared the forecasting results with ten machine learning methods, including Support Vector Regression (SVR), Adaptive Boosting (Adaboost), Bootstrap aggregating (Bagging), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Broad Learning System (BLS). Among all algorithms used in this brief, the proposed model showed the best performance with the highest model fitting ability.


A high frequency power converter system suitable to replace a typical power distribution transformer is discussed. The new power converter systems contain a number of high power DC-DC converters as main components. Magnetic circuits are widely used in the switching converters. Increasing the switching frequency in switching converters is considered an advantage. Because with increasing frequency, can reduce size of the magnetic components. But with increasing frequency, conventional magnetic core and winding losses increase. In fact this is most important limitation in increasing the switching frequency in switching converters. Other limitations of increased frequency, is increasing magnetic parasites. Increased frequency of transformer is the causing of increased leakage inductance and equivalent capacitance between the windings. These parasites cause unwanted voltages and leakage currents in the transformer, which increases losses and reduce the efficiency will be that result. This paper presents the DC-DC converter with resonant commutation. The described converter employs a low profile high frequency transformer, a LCL resonant tank and two full bridge converters. In this paper, after evaluation the features of the nanostructure magnetic core, Design issues of high power density transformers for DC/DC converter systems are discussed. Under the specified operating condition, the transformer is designed to achieve the minimum volume. Finemet nanocrystalline magnetic material is suitable for the high frequency applications, due to its superior low loss density and high operating temperature characteristics. Based on an product area approach, transformer design and equivalent circuit is developed, with leakage inductances calculated. The analysis has been verified by the simulations results.


A millimeter-wave meniscus lens antenna is designed in this paper.Considering the complexity of calculation processing and larger workload,this paper analyzes the meniscus lens antenna through ray tracing method.The calculation result based on MATLAB agrees very well with the other simulation result,but the ray tracing techniques can save more time and memory.Therefore,it is a better scheme for designing lens antenna.


In this paper, we explain how it is possible to significantly reduce CO2 emissions on passenger cars, by improving the alternator efficiency. This document focus on the reduction of the main important losses: iron losses, copper losses and rectifying losses. Combining these improvements, we will show that the alternator efficiency can be increased of about 10 points, from a mean of 70 % today to more than 80 % for the next generations of alternators.


Qualitative theoretical treatments of the fullerene family of molecules can be used to count possible isomers and predict their geometric shapes, point groups, electronic structures, vibrational and NMR spectroscopic signatures. Isomers are generated by the ring-spiral algorithm due to D. E. Manolopoulos. Geometrically based magic number rules devised by the present author account for all electronically closed π shells within the Hiickel approximation and these 'leapfrog' and 'cylinder' rules apply to the wider class of 'fulleroid' structures constructed with rings of other sizes. Extrapolations from the theory of carbon clusters are described for doped fullerenes, metallocarbohedrenes, fully substituted boron-nitrogen heterofullerenes and decorated-fullerene models for water clusters.


The condensation of fermion pairs lies at the heart of superfluidity. However, for strongly correlated systems with reduced dimensionality – such as high-Tc superconductors – the mechanisms of pairing and condensation are still not fully understood. In our experiment we use ultracold atoms as a generic model system to study the phase transition from a normal to a condensed phase in a strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas. We use a matter wave focusing technique to measure the momentum distribution of the system and directly observe the emergence of a low-momentum condensate at low temperatures. By tuning temperature and interaction strength we map out the phase diagram of a two-dimensional Fermi gas in the BEC-BCS crossover.


Microfabricated Optical Sensor Probe for the Detection of Esophageal Cancer. (May 2009) Karthik Reddy Chinna Balareddy, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Jun Zou Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells grow uncontrollably, destroy surrounding tissue and eventually spread to other parts of the body, often leading to death. According to the American Cancer Society cancer causes accounts for 13% of all deaths. Much of the time cancer can be treated if diagnosed early. Considerable study is currently being undertaken to investigate tissue properties and their use in detecting cancer at an early stage through non invasive and non surgical methods. Oblique Incidence Diffuse Reflectance Spectrometry (OIDRS) is one such method. This thesis reports the design, fabrication and testing of a new miniaturized optical sensor probe with "side viewing" capability for oblique incidence diffuse reflectance spectrometry. The sensor probe consists of a lithographically patterned polymer waveguides chip and three micromachined positioning substrates and source/collection fibers to achieve 45 light incidence and collection of spatially resolved diffuse reflectance. The probe was tested at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester Minnesota. The test results show that the probe is capable of collecting data which can be analyzed to select image


This paper describes a programmable processor for digital signal and image processing. The design has been implemented using the multilinear form approach. The multilinear form approach is used to map digital signal processing techniques onto array structures. The resulting structures are regular, modular, and highly parallel. This approach is systematic; therefore, it would be useful for logic synthesis. The application of this approach in digital signal processing (DSP) and numerical computations reduces the design time, which results in low design cost. In general, this approach produces various structures (semi-systolic, quasi-systolic, and pure systolic networks) that could be considered application specific array processors.


In a previous study, reactive criminal thinking or cognitive impulsivity mediated the relationship between parental knowledge and delinquency. This study sought to determine whether cognitive impulsivity also mediated the relationship between parental knowledge and childhood aggression. A path analysis was performed on a sample of 438 early adolescent boys (n = 206) and girls (n = 232) from the Illinois Study of Bullying and Sexual Violence using three waves of non-overlapping data. As predicted, cognitive impulsivity mediated the relationship between parental knowledge and childhood aggression, but cognitive insensitivity did not. The results of this study provide ongoing support for the general conceptual argument that childhood aggression parallels delinquency in certain respects and that parental knowledge deters both future delinquency and childhood aggression by reducing the cognitive impulsivity that is central to the behavioral patterns of delinquency and childhood aggression.


Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is widely used as a drinking water disinfectant in many countries. Due to its antibiotic and antiviral capacity, it has aroused interest as a potential therapeutic agent with respect to the COVID-19 disease, AIDS and Influenza. As a result of this debate in scientific and governmental settings, it was deemed highly timely to provide an up-to-date assessment of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ClO2. The main findings indicate that, due to its high chemical reactivity, ClO2 is rapidly reduced in oral and gastric secretions, producing chlorite (ClO2⁻), which becomes the active agent responsible for its systemic actions. ClO2 also showed potential to act as an oxidant or antioxidant depending on the concentration. Of particular therapeutic interest are the findings that, at low concentrations, ClO2⁻ can protect erythrocytes from oxidative stress while inhibiting excessive production of hypochlorous acid (HClO) mediated by myeloperoxidase (MPO), thus reversing the inflammatory responses and macrophage activation. Finally, taurine-chloramine represents the most relevant functional product formed under the influence of ClO2⁻, said molecule activates the erythroid nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2), (this transcription factor regulates the inducible expression of numerous genes for detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes) , increases the expression of heme-oxygenase (HO-1), protects cells from death caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), improves the expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and contributes to the resolution of the inflammatory process.


Nowadays, human capital management in an organization is a very important issue. Thisarticle was aimed to propose the sequential steps of human capital management. It starts from theleading of the highest strategic value of human capital to the organization. The value can be increasedby adding of a unique knowledge and skill to such human capital. The organization have tocreate the working environment to support human capital development by increasing of humancapital value together with the intellectual and complementary capitals. Finally, the organizationhave to maintain the human capital as long as possible for a sustainable competitive advantage.Key words: human capital, competitive advantage


All the state-of-the-art rowhammer attacks can break the MMU-enforced inter-domain isolation based on the fact that the physical memory owned by each domain is adjacent to each other. To mitigate such attacks, CATT as the first generic and practical technique, essentially separates each domain physically. It divides the physical memory into multiple partitions and keeps each partition occupied by only one domain, called the single ownership invariant. Hence, all existing rowhammer attacks are effectively defeated.
In this paper, we develop a novel practical exploit, which could effectively defeat CATT and gain both root and kernel privileges, without exhausting page cache and system memory, or relying on any virtual-to-physical mapping information. Specifically, our key observation is that on the modern OSes there exist double-ownership kernel buffers (e.g., video buffers) owned concurrently by the kernel and user domains, invalidating the singleownership invariant enforced by CATT and making the rowhammer-based attack become possible again. In contrast to existing conspicuous rowhammer exploits that exhaust page cache or even the whole system memory, we propose a new attack technique, named memory ambush, which is able to place the hammerable kernel buffers physically adjacent to the target objects (e.g., page tables) with only a small amount of memory, making our exploit stealthier and fewer memory fingerprints. We also replace the inefficient rowhammer algorithm that blindly picks up addresses for hammering with an efficient one, which probes suitable addresses using a side channel. We implement our exploit on the Linux kernel 4.10.0-generic. Our experiment results indicate that our exploit is able to gain the root and kernel privileges within roughly 1 to 36 minutes. The occupied memory could be reduced to 128MB.


The goal of the present study is to compare human and channelized Hotellling (CH) observers in an ROC study to detect the perfusion that is characteristic of mild Alzheimer's disease within SPECT images. The studies involved three types of images: SPECT images, 3DSSP images, and the Z-score of 3DSSP images. Results show that the performance of the CH observer was similar to that of the human observers, depending on the image type. This indicates that a CH observer may be a useful technique for evaluating image processing methods in brain perfusion SPECT


The electronic structures of C{sub 60} derivatives with one to five atoms added at adjacent double bonds radiating from a five-membered ring have been calculated with the PM-3 parametrization of the MNDO Hamiltonian. The calculations were done for n = 1-4 with H, F, and Cl and for n=5 with H. The stabilities of the C{sub 60} derivatives are predicted from the calculated energies. The isodesmic reactions of C{sub 60} with alkanes and perchloralkanes are predicted to become more exothermic with increase in the number of substituents and the length of the alkyl chain. The reactions of C{sub 60} with perfluoralkanes are not predicted to be exothermic due to the stable C-F bond in perfluoralkanes. Valence bond structures are presented on the basis of the calculated geometries and spin densities. These results are compared to ESR measurements. 40 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.


2115 Background: Thymitaq (Th) is a potent and direct inhibitor of TS which has shown activity in patients with head and neck tumors or hepatocarcinoma, as well as in breast, ovarian, and lung cancer models. Because of its lipophilicity and absence of a glutamate moiety, it is not susceptible to certain resistance mechanisms implicated in classical antifolate TS inhibitors, including impaired transport or decreased polyglutamylation. In addition of accumulative evidence of synergism between taxanes and antifolates, Th and docetaxel (Doce) have different mechanisms of action and activity spectrum, as well as nonoverlapping toxicities, which provide a rationale for their evaluation in combination. Methods: Escalating doses of 120-hour IV infusion of Th from a starting dose level of 600 mg/m2/day, and Doce from an initial dose of 30 mg/m2 IV on D1 every 28 days were administered to minimally-pretreated patients with advanced solid malignancies. Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation was provided during t...


This paper is concerned with glottal opening in the Korean lenis (/p t k/), aspirated (/p t k/) and fortis (/p' t' k'/) plosives, using a new non-invasive technique called external lighting and sensing photoglottograph (ePGG) as well as airflow and acoustic data. From the simultaneous recording of ePGG, airflow and acoustic data, we have investigated (a) the timing relations among glottal opening onset and peak, glottal closing onset, airflow onset and peak, and aspiration onset in relation to acoustic events such as a consonant release onset and a vowel onset; (b) how much the peak of glottal opening area, glottal closing speed and airflow peak height occur; and (c) what acoustic conditions arise in accordance with the three-way phonation contrast.


To realize sustainable urban development that minimizes environmental impacts, the relationship between urban development intensity and eco-environmental stresses should be clearly revealed. This paper focused on the Bohai Rim coastal area, where cities have experienced significant development in the last decade. An index system was developed to quantify the comprehensive urban development intensity (CDI) and comprehensive eco-environment stresses (CES). Remote sensing imagery and statistical data were used to provide indices for CDI and CES. Spatiotemporal analysis was carried out on the correlation between the two indices. The coupling between the CDI and CES was then investigated to explore the urban development characteristics of each city in the study area, its development level, and the trend of urban development. Results showed that human activities surrounding urban development were partly dependent on the use of ecological resources to a certain degree, and that the degree of dependence increased with year. To promote a sustainable level of urban development, the government should focus on not only the high development intensity, but also the high quality of the eco-environment. Dalian was a good model of how to achieve a balance between the two.


With the development of nuclear medicine diagnostics and treatment, the demand for image processing techniques has been increasing. Although single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are most common, the energy ranges they permit for imaging are limited to either below 300 keV (SPECT) or to 511 keV gamma rays (PET). Recently, Compton cameras have attracted attention, owing to their wide energy range, which stretches from a few hundred keV to several MeV. In this study, we performed Compton camera image processing using four machine-learning (ML) techniques: dictionary learning, U-Net, SRGAN, and AUTOMAP. With these techniques, we tried to reduce the artifacts caused by the sparsity of statistics and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Thus, these ML models were trained using image pairs reconstructed from high- and low-statistics images. As a result, we succeeded in generating images similar to the ground truth from low-statistics images. We argue that this technique can be applied not only to Compton camera images but also to other radiation imaging devices. As a future perspective, we mention the possibility of applying our imaging and processing technique to in vivo imaging of alpha-particle internal therapy.


ABSTRACT Description of Hearing Conservation Program in PT Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia Surabaya Plant Surya Deastrian Dayinta1, Cr. Siti Utari2 Background: The use of machines in a production process give a risk to noise in the workplace. Such noise can cause hearing loss in employees and interrupt the production process for the workforce. Therefore, the noise in the workplace must be controlled. The purpose of this research was to determine the implementation of a Hearing Conservation Program in PT Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia Surabaya Plant an effort to protection of the function hearing the workforce from the danger of exposure to noise. Methods: This research was conducted by using descriptive research that provides an overview of the implementation of hearing conservation program. Data were collected through direct observation to the field, interviews with employees as well as the study of literature. The data obtained are then discussed by comparing with existing regulations. Results: The results of research revealed that the danger of physics factor noise in PT Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia Surabaya Plant,there are many area are in the top of the Noise Threshold Limit Value. PT Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia Surabaya Plant has also implemented a hearing conservation program with activities such as: survey noise exposure and noise measurements, socialization, risk control, audiometric examination, recording and reporting, and program assessment. Conclusion: The Company has been carrying out noise control program in PT Coca-Cola Amatil Indonesia Surabaya Plant. However, its implementation needs to be improved to be more effective in protecting workers hearing function. . Keywords: Noise, Hearing Conservation Program 1. Industrial Hygiene, Occupational Health and Safety Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University 2. Lecturer of Industrial Hygiene, Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Medicine , Sebelas Maret University.


The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin (Lkt) on cellular immune response in clinically-healthy calves given intravenously 25 µg per animal of M. haemolytica A1 Lkt. The alternations of peripheral blood leukocytes were examined with a flow cytometry. The Lkt treated calves were compared with the non-treated controls before (0) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 24 h after the treatment. The following parameters were assayed: white blood cell (WBC) count, percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), mid-size leukocytes, total percentage of lymphocytes and their subsets: CD2 + (T lymphocytes), CD4 + (T helper lymphocytes), and CD8 + (T suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes) with CD4 + : CD8 + ratio, and also WC4 + cells (B lymphocytes). The obtained results showed that in the treated calves, the WBC count, the percentages of PMNL, mid-size leukocytes, and some subpopulations of peripheral lymphocytes (CD2 + , CD4 + , CD8 + ) were significantly lower compared with the controls during the first of three hours of the experiment, and then the parameters increased and returned to the physiological level.


In this article, we consider how differing approaches that characterize biological microstructure with diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging intersect. Without geometrical boundary assumptions, there are techniques that make use of power law behavior which can be derived from a generalized diffusion equation or intuited heuristically as a time dependent diffusion process. Alternatively, by treating biological microstructure (e.g., myelinated axons) as an amalgam of stick-like geometrical entities, there are approaches that can be derived utilizing convolution-based methods, such as the spherical means technique. Since data acquisition requires that multiple diffusion weighting sensitization conditions or b-values are sampled, this suggests that implicit mutual information may be contained within each technique. The information intersection becomes most apparent when the power law exponent approaches a value of 12, whereby the functional form of the power law converges with the explicit stick-like geometric structure by way of confluent hypergeometric functions. While a value of 12 is useful for the case of solely impermeable fibers, values that diverge from 12 may also reveal deep connections between approaches, and potentially provide insight into the presence of compartmentation, exchange, and permeability within heterogeneous biological microstructures. All together, these disparate approaches provide a unique opportunity to more completely characterize the biological origins of observed changes to the diffusion attenuated signal.


According to the current condition of railway station dailywork analysis, combining with the target of railway informationizationconstruction, the paper concepts a general framework for the computeraided management system of station daily work analysis. It then discussesthe exploitation purpose, technical principal, general design, functionaldesign and design of database interface, etc.


1
Genetic Systems

2
Molecular Phylogeny and Virus Evolution

3
The Strategy of the Virus Genome

4
Methods of Genetic Analysis

5
Complementation and Other Nongenetic Interactions

6
Genetic Interactions

7
Virus Variability

8
Applications of Genetic Analysis in Virology

Keywords:

genetics of vertebrate viruses;
molecular phylogeny and virus evolution;
coding potential of viruses;
virus genome strategy;
viral genome segmentation;
reverse transcription, endogenous viruses, and retroid elements;
infectious nucleic acid;
conditional lethal phenotypes


The effects of reaction temperature on aromatization of FCC gasoline,including the yield of aromatization product,conversion,MON,RON,gaseous product composition and liquid product composition,were investigated in a small fixed fluidized bed reactor using FCC gasoline from PetroChina Lanzhou Company as the feedstock.The experimental results showed that,with increasing reaction temperature,the yield of dry gas,liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) and coke increased,but the yield of gasoline and diesel declined;conversion of FCC gasoline was about 94%,and it first increased and then decreased with increasing reaction temperature;ethylene,propylene,butylene yield and overall yield of lower olefins increased with temperature;i-paraffin and olefin yield decreased with reaction temperature,while the yield of and selectivity to aromatization product increased with reaction temperature,and yield of n-paraffin and cycloparaffin first increased and then decreased with reaction temperature.


Many recommender systems suffer from popularity bias: popular items are recommended frequently while less popular, niche products, are recommended rarely or not at all. However, recommending the ignored products in the "long tail" is critical for businesses as they are less likely to be discovered. In this paper, we introduce a personalized diversification re-ranking approach to increase the representation of less popular items in recommendations while maintaining acceptable recommendation accuracy. Our approach is a post-processing step that can be applied to the output of any recommender system. We show that our approach is capable of managing popularity bias more effectively, compared with an existing method based on regularization. We also examine both new and existing metrics to measure the coverage of long-tail items in the recommendation. ACM Reference Format: Himan Abdollahpouri, Robin Burke, and Bamshad Mobasher. 2019. Managing Popularity Bias in Recommender Systems with Personalized Re-ranking. In AAAI Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society (FLAIRS '19), May 18–22, 2019, Sarasota, Florida, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 6 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/XXXXXXX


Fatty Acids, α-tocopherol, β-caroten, minerals, and some pomological properties of walnut genotypes from four locations (Igdir, Tuzluca, Karakoyunlu, Kagizman) of Aras Valley (Eastern Turkey) were examined. In this study, the differences among the genotypes were determined in terms of some fruit characteristics, oil and protein contents, fatty acid composition, selenium content, α-tocopherol content, β-carotene content and some macro- and microelement contents. The genotypes different in the values of nut weight from 8.89 to16.22 g, kernel weight from 4.72 to 9.64 g, kernel ratio from 36.74 to 59.59%, and shell thickness 1.04-3.60 mm, respectively. The contents of fat and moisture of the selected genotypes were in the range of 59.18 to 68.12% and 10.49 to 23.31%, respectively. The contents of most common fatty acids determined in the genotypes were linoleic acid (58.15-64.07%), oleic acid (12.93-17.49%), linolenic acid (9.37-13.61%), palmitic acid (5.60-8.62%) and stearic acid (4.68-6.69%), whereas the contents of remaining fatty acids were rarely detected in trace amounts. In the genotypes, the amount of α-tocopherol was in the range of 8.75 to 35.11 mg/kg, β-carotene was in the range of 0.03 to 0.12 mg /kg and selenium was in the range of 15.89 to 68.19 ng/g. The  genotypes were found to have  1.09 to 2.47% N,  230.36 to 451.48 mg/100g P, 350.74 to 666.20 mg/100g K,  2.30 to 3.86 mg/100g Cu,  1.71 to 3.91 mg/100g Zn,  7.16 to 18.82 mg/100g Fe,  144.0 to 452.08 mg/100g Ca, 110.25 to 342.44 mg/100g Mg,  1.73 to 9.67 mg/100g Mn and  7.11 to 25.51 mg/100g Na. The present results revealed that the high nutritional values of walnut genotypes selected from the Aras Valley(Eastern Turkey) could have health benefits effects on human nutrition.


In this paper, it was intended to evaluate ductile fracture characteristic of cryogenic steel, especially focused on the effect of trace oxygen, which is important factor as impurity of practical steel, on the Charpy impact energy of 12% nickel steel. Since the ductile fracture characteristics were less investigated as for cryogenic steel such as 9% nickel steel, while the brittle crack initiation and propagation property have been extensively researched. 12% nickel steels were used in this investigation to avoid the difficulty of fracture phenomenon interpretation by accompanying brittle fracture. With decreasing oxygen content from 0.0024 to 0.0009 wt%, Charpy impact energy at the temperature of 77K and 273K, increased in the range of dozens of joule. This tendency reveals that the ductile fracture characteristic of 12% nickel steel is sensitive to the change of oxygen content compared to those of the other steels. With reducing oxygen content, the number concentration of Al2O3 descends, and it leads to the enhancement of resistance to ductile crack propagation, in which Al2O3 acts as the initiation site for void.


We consider a 5-dimensional effective low-energy string theory. Assuming staticity and a restriction on the dilaton coupling parameters, we derive 4dimensional sigma-model with a target space SL(2, R)/SO(1, 1)×SL(2, R)/SO(1, 1). On this basis, using the symmetries of the target space, we develop a solution generating technique and employ it to construct new asymptotically flat and non-flat dyonic black rings solutions. The solutions are analyzed and the basic physical quantities are calculated.


IN THE general education program mathematics is recognized as "an instru ment to deal with the quantitative aspect of the environment."1 For this reason it is generally included as a required course. Experience has shown that the average student evinces little enthusiasm for en rolling in such required mathematics courses. It is suspected that this may be related to attitudes toward mathematics that have been acquired in previous schooling. A recent international study of mathematics achievement found that at titudes towards mathematics are least positive in the United States.2 Studies in the affective area of mathematics educa tion point to the roles of parents3 and teachers4 as models who are influential in inculcating positive attitudes toward math ematics on the part of students. When the student comes to college his attitudes have largely been crystallized, and they deter mine his receptivity toward the subject. The study to be discussed here was un dertaken to explore attitudes towards mathematics held by freshman students.


Takanobu Sakemi, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Nabeshima, Saga 849 (Japan) Dear Sir, Progressive oliguric renal failure commonly complicates the course of patients with advanced cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients have been reported to show a characteristic renal circulatory disturbance, such as renal vasoc-onstriction leading to severely reduced renal blood flow and reduced glomerular filtration rate. We report on a cirrhotic patient who developed acute renal failure (ARF), associated with the occurrence of lower back pain and wedge-shaped low-density area on sonography of the kidney. A 57-year-old woman was admitted to another hospital because of further examination of ascites on June 19, 1989. She was diagnosed as having advanced liver cirrhosis with ascites and esophageal varices. On July 12, she developed acute cholecystitis, demonstrating a fever of 40 °C and a jaudice and received antipyretics for 3 days and antibiotics for 5 days. Two days later, she noticed lower back pain and macrohematuria, followed by oliguria and rapid increase in serum creatinine and thereby underwent hemodialysis (HD). She was transferred to our hospital because of further examination of ARF on July 25 (the 12th clinical day). Physical examination on admission revealed distended abdomen with tenderness and fluctuation. Blood pressure was 112/52 mm Hg. There was a dull pain over the bilateral costovertebral angles. There was no pitting edema on her extremities. Urine volume was < IOO ml per day. Protein and occult blood in urine were positively detected; the sediment contained numerous red blood cells and many hyaline and granular casts. Urine sodium was 74 mEq/1 and potassium 30.5 mEq/1. Fractional excretion of urinary sodium (FENa) was 3.9%. The hemoglobin level was 7.4 g/dl; white blood cell count 1,700/μl and platelet count 45,000/μl. Blood urea nitrogens was 44.9 mg/dl and serum creatinine 8.1 mg/dl. Total bilirubin was 1.3 mg/dl, aspartate aminotransferase 24 U/l, alanine aminotransferase 8 U/l. Total protein was 6.2 g/dl, albumin 3.3 g/dl, IgG 2,468 mg/dl, IgA 138 mg/dl and IgM 282 mg/dl. HD was performed 9 times during the following 3 weeks and discontinued thereafter because of the increase in urine output and fall in serum creatinine. The first renal sonography performed on the second hospital day revealed enlarged kidneys with the wedge-shaped low-density area in the left


This paper proposes a deterministic estimator for the estimation of the attitude of a rigid body. A deterministic estimator uses a minimal set of information and does not try to minimize a cost function or lit the measurements into a stochastic process. The proposed estimator obtains the attitude estimation utilizing only the properties of the rotational group SO(3). The information set required by the proposed estimator is a single vector information and rate gyro readings. For systems in which one of the rotational freedom is constrained, the proposed estimator provides an accurate estimate of the reduced attitude. The performance of the algorithm is verilied on different experimental testbeds.


The in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with ion-irradiation technique has been used for the first time to study the radiation-induced amorphization (metamictization) process of naturally occurring silicates: neptunite [Na2KLi(Fe,Mn)zTiz(sio~)8], titanite (CaTiSiOS), gadolinite (REEzFeBezSizOlo), zircon (ZrSi04) and olivine [(Mg,Fe)2SiOq]. These phases were irradiated with 1.5 MeV Kr+ ions in the Argonne HVEM-Tandem Facility at room temperature with the electron diffraction pattern monitored in situ. The critical doses required for amorphization of the electron transparent thickness of neptunite, titanite, gadolinite, zircon and olivine have been determined to be 1.7,2.0,2.3,4.8 and _ 6 . 0 ~ 1 0 ~ 4 ions/cmZ, respectively. The results show a correlation between amorphization dose and the chemical and structural complexity of these five phases. The most complex structure (e.g. neptunite) becomes amorphous at the lowest critical dose. The critical amorphization dose also increases with the increasing melting temperature of the minerals. .................................. presented at the Seventh International Conference on Ion Beam Modification of Materials, Knoxville, TN, September 9-14,1990 and accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physical Research B


The author presents a model for improving efficiency in the supply of newspaper copies for news rack sales. Using elasticity concepts, the author shows how the model can be applied to the entire single‐copy sales effort of a newspaper, as well as individual news racks.


Fundulus heteroclitus maintained under laboratory for more than four weeks showed a significantly lower immunocytoadherence (rosette) response to thymus-dependent antigens (SRBC and DNP-BSA) than newly captured fish. There was no comparable effect on scale allograft rejection nor in the response to a thymus-independent antigen (DNP-Ficoll) as measured by the rosette response. This suggests that captivity has a differential effect on a sub-population of lymphocytes analogous to the T-helper cells of mammals.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapeutic circle (PTC), a general practitioner (GP) prescribing-improvement programme to enhance prescribing quality and reduce drug costs.

DESIGN
Combined pre- and post-intervention time-series design using an internal comparison of subgroups and an external comparative control.

SETTING
Small discussion groups meeting 8 times over 18 months.

PARTICIPANTS
79 GPs exceeding the mean drug costs/patient of all Hessian physicians by > or = 40%; 10 moderators.

INTERVENTIONS
Peer-review feedback of prescription patterns based on guidelines targeting 3 suboptimal prescribing areas: drug prescriptions lacking evidence-based efficacy (target A); presumptive prescribing habits (target B); and underprescribing of new, effective therapies (target C).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS
Significant decreases in prescription rates for target A drugs were recorded for varicose vein medications (p = 0.006), peripheral vasodilators (p = 0.0001) and topical antirheumatics (p = 0.0145), but not for prokinetics/enzymes/digestives. Prescribing of target B drugs such as benzodiazepines and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs declined markedly (p = 0.0019 and 0.0014, respectively). Target C drug prescriptions such as for opioids and proton pump inhibitors were not significantly increased. Highly significant reductions in prescription costs were observed for target A and B drugs, irrespective of whether GPs were stratified into high, medium or low prescribers. When mean prescribing costs for PTC participants were compared with those of a control group comprising 8000 GPs over a 21-month period, PTC GPs decreased their costs by 2%, whereas drug costs for all Hessian physicians rose by 10%.

CONCLUSIONS
PTCs appear to be an effective method to optimise the quality of drug prescribing and reduce drug costs.


The paper discusses problems in defining explicitation (and
implicitation) in translation for the purposes of descriptive
translation studies, drawing on empirical material and
theoretical concepts such as frame theory or figure/ground
alignment. Inconsistencies in different approaches taken to the
twin concepts in prescriptive theory as well as descriptive
research are pointed out. The first main focus of the paper is
the connection between explicitation/implicitation and
specification/generalization, which is shown to be more
complicated than usually described in literature. The second
main focus of the paper is the borderline between
explicitation/implicitation on the on hand and
addition/omission on the other. It is argued that the
borderline is intrinsically fuzzy, due to the cognitive
mechanisms involved in retrieving implicit information that can
be modelled by means of Fillmore's frames, understood as
non-accidental networks of salient and less salient
contiguities. It is argued that explicitation and implicitation
should be treated as prototype categories.


Flight guidance display (10) for a helicopter, comprising - a three-dimensional, semicircular flight guidance tunnel (12) to display a planned flight path of the helicopter; - a flight in the guide tunnel (12) integrated, corresponding to a flight guide tunnel (12)-diameter circular surface (14) for displaying a longitudinal position within the flight guidance tunnel (12), - a flight path prediction icon (16) for displaying a predicted for the future current position of the helicopter relative to the flight guidance tunnel (12), and - a flight speed Affected command signal (18), wherein a differential is represented by a predetermined from a flight planning reference speed by means of the command signal (18).


The Supreme Court's decisions regarding the Religion Clauses seem to be pleasing more and more Americans less and less. The justices themselves acknowledge this problem. This essay argues that much of the inconsistency and confusion characterizing contemporary Religion Clauses jurisprudence is the result of a modern misconception about the way the Framers used the word "religion" in the First Amendment. The following discussion utilizes historical writings, and an exegesis of the First Congress's Religion Clauses debate to show that the First Amendment's "religion" designates what moderns understand as religious faith. When "religion" is understood as religious faith—not religious institutions—a new principle emerges that can assuage a significant portion of the jurisprudence's disarray.


ABSTRACT How did Joseph Lee hold to the contradictory ideas of immigration restriction and a willingness to use playgrounds as a means for assimilating immigrants into American cultural and civic traditions; how did he reconcile them in his own mind? The political climate and context of the Progressive Era are described to set the stage for the events Lee involved himself in – immigration restriction as a negative eugenic practice and 'Americanization' of immigrants as an expression of his upper class duty to the less fortunate. Lee's active role in the Immigration Restriction League and his unwavering commitment to the Playground Movement are reported in sharp contrast to one another. Finally, several explanations are offered for Lee's contradictory views on immigrants; the most likely explanation is that he saw both restriction and Americanization as two sides of the same 'coin' – what to do with people once they are born (and within America).


The inconsistency and complexity of the economic processes encourage the search for comprehensive theoretical and methodological approaches to their study. In particular, the following issues deserve special research attention: the cyclicity (undulation) of the unfolding of globalization in history; the relationship between this cyclicity and regional integration (regionalism); the identification of factors of diversity and complication of processes. Despite the rather deep elaboration of the problems of globalization and its extremely wide representation in the modern socio-humanitarian research discourse, many questions remain open.


Body movement analysis and identification are challenging due to high-dimension data, and can be disturbed by moving speed and position of a certain person. This paper is aiming to establish a limb trajectory model to reveal the hidden information of limb activities. According to the data onto nine parts of the human body, a three-dimension view of body activities is proposed to analyze limb positions in continuing status, represented by a sequence of body movement of the data in a three- dimension space coordinate. The motion equations of the body are obtained by regression functions under normal state and active state. The experiment of ten definitions of action shows that head, elbows, wrists, knees and ankles are strongly connected when an activity is performed.


OBJECTIVE
To compare a commercial coproantigen ELISA kit and the technique of spontaneous sedimentation in tube (TSET) for the diagnosis of Giardia lamblia in fecal specimens from children in a Peruvian endemic area.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
174 fecal samples were analyzed by TSET and 2nd Generation Giardia ELISA kit.

RESULTS
51 samples were positive by ELISA and 49 by TSET.

CONCLUSIONS
The ELISA was highly sensitive and specific, simple and fast. However, the very good agreement, high precision, low cost and ability to detect other intestinal parasites makes use of TSET recommended for laboratory diagnosis in endemic areas of Peru.


Objective: Over bearing, appendectomies have continuously been pushing the surgical wisdom to connote on
non-operative option of treatment so this study was designed with an objective to assess the outcomes of
antibiotics as primary therapy for un–complicated acute appendicitis.
Methods: A total of 96 patients of both genders from 16 to 60 years of age having uncomplicated acute
appendicitis enrolled in this study were treated with antibiotics and were discharged on third day with having
oral treatment on ciprofloxacin (500mg) twice a day and metronidazole (400mg) thrice a day for 07 days.
Routine follow up was taken on days 15, 30, 90 180 and 360 and outcomes were recorded.
Results: Among 96 patients, 10 (10.41%) worsened in symptoms (pain on visual analogue scale) were confirmed
with WBC & Ultrasound reports and under went for appendectomies during initial hospital stay. While within
9 months, during follow up 11 (11.45%) patients were readmitted in hospital and operated after confirmation
on re-examination and re- investigations. Total of 21 (22%) patients were subjected to appendectomy.
Conclusion: Under proper observation, antibiotic treatment can be safe and effective in un-complicated acute
appendicitis with reduced recurrence.


A non-algorithmic, generalized version of a recent result, asserting that a natural relaxation of the Komlós conjecture from boolean discrepancy to spherical discrepancy is true, is proved by a very short argument using convex geometry.


The utility model relates to a multi-path X-ray detector which belongs to the technical field of the digital medical treatment. The utility model is composed of a shell body, a shell cover, a circuit board, a rigid clamping board, an organic glass clamping board, a high voltage polar board and a signal reception polar board, wherein one sealing container is formed after the shell body and the shell cover are combined; a detector core is fixed in the shell body; the signal reception polar board of the detector is a composite type polar board; high resistance insulating adhesive is coated on both sides of a metal base board; nickel or copper metal layers are covered outside the insulating adhesive. Nickel sheets are arranged on the leading out end of the high voltage polar board in a spot welding mode and are connected with a power supply after connected in parallel. The leading out end of a shielding polar is that nickel wires are welded to the middle layer of the signal reception polar board and are connected by conducting wires. A signal leading out wire is connected with the circuit board; the upper and the lower layers of the circuit board are shielding layers. The utility model has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, weight reduction, maximum crest cost reduction, etc., and the spatial resolution, the density resolution and the conversion efficiency are increased.


This article investigates a hybrid ferroelectric charge trap (HFCT)-based HfZrO4/HfOXNY/ Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN gate-stack under constant positive gate voltage stress over time and temperature variability. The experimentally characterized breakdown (BD) analysis implies a thermally assisted tunneling (TAT) BD owing to the negative temperature coefficient of BD voltage. Moreover, the step gate stress depicts a relatively lower BD voltage of ~20 V compared to the linear gate stress voltage of ~21.85 V attributed to performance degradation due to stress. In addition, the Weibull distribution, which validates the intrinsic degradation of the gate-stack, is used to estimate its lifetime. An operating voltage of ~7.41 V exhibits a ten-year lifetime at 150 °C extrapolated over multiple stress conditions. Furthermore, the activation energy from ~0.63 to ~0.67 eV validates deep-level E3 traps within the GaN barrier layer and the trapping of electrons during degradation, thus, revealing the point-level defect generation leading to the time-dependent gate dielectric BD (TDDB). The robustness and superior reliability of the HFCT gate-stack are recognized, and the single degradation mechanism contributes to the final device failure in the TDDB test.


Measurement of normal latencies of ABR using bilateral synchronous recording has shown that waves IV and V are distinctly separate on the contralateral recording. The binaural interaction of ABR was investigated using bilateral synchronous recording. The binaural interaction of ABR was verified for contralaterally evoked waves IV and V. However, an interaction on ipsilaterally evoked ABR could not be verified, ap-


A LiFePO_4/C composite was synthesized with lithium carbonate, ferrous oxalate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sucrose by solid-state synthesis and mechanical alloying. The synthetic composites were pure as shown by XRD results, but there were other phases in the products without sucrose addition. The microstructures observed by SEM and TEM revealed that the particles were round and the distribution of particle size was uniform. The charge discharge tests showed that the specific capacity could only be remained at 90 mAh/g at the rate of 0.05 C without sucrose addition, a better electrochemistry performance with a discharge specific capacity of 128 mAh/g could be obtained when cycled at 0.05 C rate with about 6.8%(weight) carbon coated due to the decompose of the sucrose at the high temperature, even under high rate discharge such as 0.5 C, the specific capacity could approach about 108 mAh/g. The results also confirm that LiFePO4/C composites have a better rate capability and electrochemical performance.


The information presented focuses on the impact hospice care has on quality of life for veterans and their families. Hospice care is becoming a common form of care in the United States with the increasing elderly population. Hospice care is designed to improve the quality of life in a person's end-of-life stage. A qualitative content analysis study of hospice caregiver blogs was conducted to discover the impact of hospice care on an individual's quality of life. The writers of the blogs were hospice doctors and nurses. The results identified love, family, comfort and symptom control as frequently identified themes associated with quality of life. The information from this research can be used to drive social work practice with hospice care. Social construction theory, humanism, and the strengths perspective are all approaches to social work practice that can be utilized with this population. These theories are beneficial when working with this culturally diverse population. Military culture is very unique and it is important for social workers to be mindful of this when working with the veteran population. Social workers also need to be mindful of the influence culture has on the dying process.


ABSTRACT The accelerating rate of data generation and resulting publications are taxing the ability of scientific investigators to stay current with the emerging literature. This problem, acute in science, is not uncommon in other areas. New approaches to managing this explosion of information are needed. While it is only possible to read one paper or abstract at a time, it is possible to grasp concepts presented visually in milliseconds. This suggests the possibility of developing a visual language to represent concepts from a multitude of published papers in an accurate display that is highly condensed, yet readable in seconds. This paper describes the initial exploration of a visual language approach to the display of concepts found in published scientific papers: in this case, some hypotheses surrounding the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease. The approach is based on deriving propositions from papers or abstracts, breaking propositions into concept objects, designing a visual object system (consisting of icons, signs, glyphs and combinations) to represent all the objects in the relevant concept space, displaying the objects as a networked constellation and linking the visual display back to the papers from which they came. The ultimate goal is to develop visual language techniques capable of revealing patterns, pathways and conceptual connections not readily apparent from text-based list of findings and using such visual language to make interactive displays that accurately represent large quantities of data in a condensed conceptual form. Such an approach has potential application to any field of study that has a controlled vocabulary. FACETS OF A PROBLEM You can see a lot. Thanks to the computer and the Internet, there is a lot more to see, read and com Drehend than ever before. According to Lyman and Varian, in the year 2000 the world produced between one and two exabytes (a billion gigabytes) of unique information, about 250 megabytes for every man woman and child on earth (Lyman and Varian, 2000). By 2003 this was five exabytes annually. Those leading the pursuit of specialized knowledge, whether in science or other areas, are also on the forefront of dealing with this growth of information in dramatic ways. In science, the primary source of new information is peer-reviewed papers and abstracts published in specialized journals. In the area of medical research, the National Library of Medicine manages an online resource known as PubMed that currently hosts over 12,000,000 journal articles. Users can type a text query and retrieve all of the relevant references (with abstracts) based on key words. A recent (10/24/06) PubMed query using "Alzheimer*" as the search term, for example, returned 54,430 citations. The rate at which the literature in this field has increased during the lifetime of one of us (KAC) is shown in the accompanying chart (figure 1). Let's imagine that a new investigator wants to become familiar with this literature. At fifteen minutes per paper, it would take seven years of reading to get through all 54,000 - allowing for eight hours of reading per day with time off for weekends, holidays and vacations! To master the literature in the area of Alzheimer's Disease, however, would also require reading new papers, which are currently published at a rate close to 5,000 per year. By the time the investigator had finished reading what is available today, the new stack of unread papers would be 35,000 (assuming no further increase in the number of papers per year). Yet staying abreast of what is happening in their field is exactly what scientists are expected to do. Clearly, reading every paper is not viable. This constant growth in information, acute in medicine and science, also occurs in other fields. As if this explosion of data was not problem enough, biological systems have inherent complexity and relevant data come from various fields of study and various levels of analysis, ranging from atoms to populations. …


s:The author chooses the the 4 kinds of common warming-up exercises as the subject to analyze the different influences on the female physiological index according to the contents of the warming-up in the PE classes. This way we can provide scientific base for the females with a reasonable load in their warm-up exercises and lay a good foundation for their important activities.


In this paper, we propose a mobile robot localization system using multiple observations, which show the robot's global position. One of observations is GPS observation, the other is utilized an appearance based place recognition. Using GPS observations has still some challenging problems such as multipath and signal lost under the environments there is tall buildings nearby. It affects a significant error on localization. On the other hand, appearance based place recognition methods are efficient to recognize the robot's global position. It becomes possible to use a scene database with global position information. However, it could fail to function properly in natural environments like a lawn grass or trees in a park. We solve these demerits of each observations by using these multiple observations. Our system uses not only multiple observations but also dead reckoning with Gyrodometry model. As a result, the proposed localization system have achieved robust localization. To verify the validity of proposed method, our experiments using 1600m outdoor course in different seasons were conducted.


The 1980s have been a period of educational reform nationwide. At the heart of this reform, and the public concern that sparked it, has been the call for higher educational standards. The citizens who pay taxes for public education and the educators who staff public schools want children to learn more and better than they have in recent years. Key to this reform is the teacher. There is general agreement, however, that the quality and quantity of persons entering the teaching profession are inadequate. The academic standing of aspiring teachers, historically never high, is lower now than in the past. Based on numbers alone, school and state officials are predicting major shortages of teachers by the year 1990, and some areas of the country already are experiencing serious problems in filling teacher vacancies. What is surprising is that people are astonished by the statistics. The law of supply and demand works for the teaching profession no less than it does for other fields of employment. For a long time, teaching has not been an attractive option for able young people when choosing their careers. In the 1970s, few jobs were available for new teachers; and thousands of experienced teachers were being laid off as the result of dropping enrollments, declines in the tax base of many hard-strapped communities, and taxpayer revolts at the local and state levels. On the positive side, job opportunities for women and minorities have opened up in career fields where salaries and future opportunities far outstripped those of teachers in classrooms. Traditionally, teaching had been one of the more attractive career


Based on the inflow runoff of Three Gorges Reservoir and average annual precipitation of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the variations of annual runoff,monthly runoff and the runoff in storage period have been comparatively analyzed by using statistical method.The results show that the phenomenon of reduced inflow is to be normal cyclical fluctuation;because of the regulation of a large reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the annual distribution of runoff has been changed since 1990;if taking average flow of the designed storage stage as a benchmark,the water storage period of Three Gorges reservoir must move up to early September under the conditions of runoff series from 1991 to 2009.


Candidosis or candidiasis, caused by various species of Candida that are part of the normal flora of the muco-cutaneous membranes of humans, is the commonest fungal disease found in human beings. A variety of factors predispose to candidosis by altering the balance of normal microbial flora or by lowering the host resistance (Chander, 2013) resulting in tissue invasion and lifethreatening diseases in patients with decreased cell mediated immunity (Dharwad et al., 2011). The risk factors for candidosis include use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, chemotherapy, invasive procedures, transplants and prolonged ICU stay. Most of the invasive infections due to Candida species are attributed to C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and C. krusei (Giri et al., 2012; Ece et al., 2012); however accurate speciation is important for treatment, as not all species respond to the same treatment and due to anti-fungal resistance and emergence of nonalbicans Candida species (Page et al., 2005). Candida species with fluconazole resistance have become more prominent in recent years (Chakrabarti et al., 1996). Early diagnosis and proper treatment is the key for management of candidosis. Hence this study was undertaken to determine the proportion of Candida International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 434-439 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Many of the Kepler close binaries are suggested to constitute hierarchical triple systems through their eclipse timing variations (ETVs). Eclipses by the third body in those systems, if observed, provide precise constraints on its physical and orbital properties, which are otherwise difficult to obtain. In this Letter, we analyze such a "tertiary event" observed only once in the KIC 6543674 system. The system consists of a short-period ( 2.4 days ?> ) inner eclipsing binary and a third body on a wide ( 1100 days ?> ) and eccentric ( e ≃ 0.6 ?> ) orbit. Analysis of three tertiary eclipses around a single inferior conjunction of the third body yields the mutual inclination between the inner and outer binary planes to be 3 &fdg; 3 ± 0 &fdg; 6 ?> , indicating an extremely flat geometry. Furthermore, combining the timings and shapes of the tertiary eclipses with the phase curve and ETVs of the inner binary, we determine the mass and radius ratios of all three bodies in the system using the Kepler photometry alone. With the primary mass and temperature from the Kepler Input Catalog, the absolute masses, radii, and effective temperatures of the three stars are obtained as follows: M A = 1.2 ± 0.3 M ⊙ ?> , R A = 1.8 ± 0.1 R ⊙ ?> , M B = 1.1 − 0.2 + 0.3 M ⊙ ?> , R B = 1.4 ± 0.1 R ⊙ ?> , M C = 0.50 − 0.08 + 0.07 M ⊙ ?> , R C = 0.50 ± 0.04 R ⊙ ?> , T A ≃ T B ≃ 6100 K ?> , and T C < 5000 K ?> . Implication for the formation scenario of close binaries is briefly discussed.


An analytical method has been developed and validated for analyzing 48 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that were found to be present in substantial quantities in the atmosphere in Singapore. Air samples were collected by active sampling using Tenax/Carbopack X multisorbent tubes and were evaluated by Thermal Desorption Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (TD-GCMS). Experiments conducted using standards demonstrated excellent repeatability with relative standard deviation (%RSD) values lesser than 10%, good linearity with R2 values of at least 0.99 for a wide range of concentrations between 0.02 and 500 ng, breakthrough values 5% or lower, tube desorption efficiencies close to 100% and good recoveries between 61% and 120%. Sampling volumes and flow rates were tested and selected by evaluating the performance of the multisorbent tubes. 30 mL min−1 was selected as the optimal flow rate for different sampling volumes depending on the individual compound's breakthrough value and reproducibility during air sampling. Most of the target analytes exhibited acceptable breakthrough of 5% or less, reproducibility within 20% deviation and method detection limits below 500 ppbv. Criteria established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for sorbent tube sampling (EPA TO-17) were met for most compounds of interest.


The UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) took place between 2004 and 2017, with a mandate to establish a secure and stable environment in the aftermath of a coup that ousted President Jean Bertrand Aristide. In this thesis, I investigate how the leaders of MINUSTAH discursively constructed legitimation and a Latin-American identity in the context of the mission. To analyse these processes, I develop a comprehensive analytical framework, drawing in critical discourse studies (CDS), theories of identity, international interventions, peacekeeping and postcolonialism. This framework analyses a set of discursive strategies through which legitimation and identity are constructed. This study comprises a total set of 18 interviews with leaders of MINUSTAH collected on four different fieldtrips, across three different countries and a total span of 11 year. Additionally, it also analyses 18 UN Security Council resolutions for MINUSTAH. My analysis combines different CDS frameworks to study the discursive strategies used by these leaders to legitimise their actions and construct a Latin-American identity. My analysis finds that the Latin American identity constructed within MINUSTAH is rather problematic and subject to geopolitical power struggles. It also finds that core concepts for a peacekeeping mission such as 'security' and 'stability' are also problematic and subject to discursive strategies. It is possible to find different strategies of legitimation and argumentation among the leaders of MINUSTAH when it comes to legitimising the mission or how its major challenges were faced.


We previously reported new superconductivity produced by an electrostatic field and a diffusion current in a semiconductor without refrigeration. In particular, the superconductivity was investigated theoretically and confirmed experimentally. Here, we determine that the derived superconducting quantum state can be reproduced in a capacitor. When circuits are formed with this new-type capacitor and diodes, a magnetic field is applied to the diodes' depletion layer. The depletion layer is biased because of the conversion from the magnetic-field energy to electric-field energy, resulting in the diodes' spontaneously emitting a current. Thus, the new-type capacitor is charged using no other energy source. This new phenomenon is described theoretically with assistance of initial experiments.


A tuned mass damper (TMD) system consists of an added mass with properly functioning spring and damping elements for providing frequency‐dependent damping in a primary structure. The advantage of a friction‐type TMD, that is, a nonlinear TMD, is its energy dissipation via a friction mechanism. In contrast, the disadvantages of a passive friction TMD (PF‐TMD) are its fixed and predetermined slip load and loss of tuning and energy dissipation capabilities when it is in a stick state. A semi‐active friction TMD (SAF‐TMD) is used to overcome these disadvantages. The SAF‐TMD can adjust its slip force in response to structure motion. To verify its feasibility, a prototype SAF‐TMD was fabricated and tested dynamically using a shaking table test. A nonsticking friction control law was used to keep the SAF‐TMD activated and in a slip state in earthquakes at varying intensities. The shaking table test results demonstrated that: (i) the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical results; (ii) the SAF‐TMD is more effective than the PF‐TMD given a similar peak TMD stroke; and (iii) the SAF‐TMD can also prevent a residual TMD stroke in a PF‐TMD system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Southern Manufacturing & Electronics returns from 7-9 February at the Farnborough International Exhibition and Conference Centre. The show will start the year on a positive note for the industry and a raft of companies will be exhibiting across the three days


The matching polytope of a graph G, denoted by M(G), is the convex hull of the set of the incidence vectors of the matchings G. The graph  G(M(G)), whose vertices and edges are the vertices and edges of M(G), is the skeleton of the matching polytope of G. In this paper, for an arbitrary graph, we prove that  the minimum degree of G(M(G))  is equal to the number of edges of G, generalizing a known result for trees. From this, we identify the vertices of the skeleton with the minimum degree and we prove that the union of stars and triangles characterizes regular skeletons of the matching polytopes of graphs.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the mathematical needs of biological sciences undergraduate students. Student needs were measured through a needs assessment methodology scheme that included a content analysis of peer-reviewed journals, a nationwide cross-sectional survey, and semi-structured interviews. The research question that guided the study was: what are the mathematical needs of biological sciences undergraduate students as perceived by certain stakeholder groups? The stakeholder groups represented the areas of ecology, evolution, and behaviour, and developmental biology to portray two extremes in the use of mathematics. Major findings included: (1) The use of mathematics to support experimental design is the most consistent need across disciplines. (2) An overall understanding of mathematical models is needed as a minimum for scientific literacy. (3) Evolution and animal behaviour students need descriptive and inferential statistics, stochastic processes, differential equations, and mathematical models in general. Developmental biology students, on the other hand, need only descriptive and inferential statistics, and mathematical models. These needs, however, strongly vary depending on students' career tracks within their subdisciplines, suggesting the necessity of a flexible undergraduate curriculum.


Abstract. Gallium nitride nanostructures have been receiving considerable attention as building blocks for nanophotonic technologies due to their unique high aspect ratios, promising the realization of photonic and biological nanodevices such as blue light emitting diodes (LEDs), short-wavelength ultraviolet nanolasers, and nanofluidic biochemical sensors. We report on the growth of hierarchical GaN nanowires (NWs) by dynamically adjusting the growth parameters using the pulsed flow metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique. We carried out two step growth processes to grow hierarchical GaN NWs. In the first step, the GaN NWs were grown at 950°C, and in the second, we suitably decreased the growth temperature to 630°C and 710°C to grow the hierarchical structures. The surface morphology and optical characterization of the grown GaN NWs were studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence measurements. These kinds of hierarchical GaN NWs are promising for allowing flat band quantum structures that are shown to improve the efficiency of LEDs.


Chilled meat keeps native organizational structure and innate component. Chilledbeef has the advantage of deliciousness, freshness, high nutrition and so on. This article summarized the current situation, tenderizing and preservation of chilled beef.


Abstract Objective To assess intubation management in difficult airway patients by performing a multidisciplinary pre-operative examination of the airway using a flexible fibre-optic laryngoscope. Methods Patients with a known but stable difficult airway were evaluated prior to surgery in the pre-operative holding suite by both an ENT surgeon and an anaesthesiologist via a fibre-optic laryngeal examination. Results Performing a pre-operative fibre-optic examination of the difficult airway led to a change in intubation strategy in 6 out of 12 cases. Intubation 'first-pass' success occurred in 9 out of 12 (75 per cent) of our patients. Conclusion By performing a multidisciplinary airway examination immediately prior to surgery, a safe plan to intubate on the initial attempt was developed. This resulted in improved first-pass success at intubation compared to historical data.


An indium–gallium–zinc oxide or a zinc–tin oxide thin‐film transistor (TFT) fabricated when the relative humidity in the laboratory is less than 50% is found to exhibit good electrical performance, with an abrupt, distortion‐free transfer curve and a turn‐on voltage close to 0 V. In contrast, when such an amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) TFT is fabricated at a relative humidity greater than 50%, its "as‐fabricated" electrical performance is very poor, typically characterized by a large amount of hysteresis, a strongly negative turn‐on voltage, and a kink‐like distortion in the subthreshold region of its transfer curve. However, the electrical performance of such a poor‐quality TFT is observed to improve over time, if it is simply stored in the dark at room temperature without being subjected to electrical stress. This recovery usually requires weeks (months) for an unpassivated (passivated) AOS TFT. Recovery is tentatively ascribed to the gradual removal of moisture from the AOS TFT channel layer.


Three cultivars of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) were processed into flour and used to formulate composite flours with wheat at percentage substitutions of 5 and 10%. The chemical composition, anti-nutrients and functional properties of composite flours were determined. Results indicate that Ede Ofe cultivar (EOF131) had the highest water absorption capacity of 1.70 mg/mL While Wheat Flour (WHF101) recorded the lowest. WHF101 had the highest contents of absorption and swelling capacities, 2.20 g/mL and 8.50 g/g, respectively. The Ede Ocha cultivar contained significantly higher content (P < 0.05) of phytate (0.19%) than others. The three whole cocoyam flours were generally higher in the anti-nutrient properties of tannin, alkaloid and saponin than WHF101. The WHF101 flour sample had higher contents of Ca, Mg, Na, K and P than others. The composite flours containing 5% each of cocoyam flour cultivars were generally comparable with those of wheat flour and did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The study concluded that the composite flours may find relevance in food applications, especially in the production of baked food products especially in developing countries.


With the development of modern society, people's living standard continues to improve, people had more for requirements for health quality of the growing health needs to promote the growth of oral health services. The emergence of more and more services, also increases the demand for professionals to improve the quality of teaching oral cultivate outstanding professionals has become a key stage oral teaching content. In this paper, issues related to the application of participatory teaching in oral teaching are analyzed and discussed.


The term "Humboldt's Universal", introduced to linguistics in the 1970s, appears to be synonymous with a number of
 other expressions, some of which are also used to denote different phenomena (e.g. isomorphism). In this paper, the extent of the
 terminological problem is highlighted, and a plea is made for explanation of how the term is to be understood in the work of
 individual authors.


Analyzed in this paper are the problems in selection and expression of research subjects, design of research methods and technique lines, determination of main technical indexes, and description of expected results or research value. The author introduces his experiences in teaching medical literature retrieval and evaluation and over a long period of time. It can provide a reference for researchers who apply for scientific research items.


. Concentrations of interferon- γ (IFN- γ ) and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) were determined in serum and whey samples from cattle with naturally occurring coliform mastitis for two weeks after onset using bovine INF- γ - and TNF- α -specific ELISA. In serum and whey samples from healthy cows, IFN- γ was almost undetectable and TNF- α was detected at low levels. At the onset of illness, INF- γ in sera and whey and TNF- α in whey from the mastitic cows were significantly higher than their respective values in healthy cows. Concentrations of IFN- γ and TNF- α in whey from mastitic cattle decreased significantly as the cows recovered.


To reduce stress concentration near the loading point, Brazilian test, normally used for the indirect determination of tensile strength for rock or concrete quasi-brittle materials, is usually subjected to uniformly distributed pressure over finite width (or arc) of the Brazilian disc. As an extension, the same geometry, in which a central notch is introduced in the symmetrical plane of applied forces, can be used to determine fracture toughness of the materials. For this purpose, accurate expression for stress intensity factor (SIF) for central cracked Brazilian disc should be provided first. To this end, weight function method is used in this paper where weight function for central cracked disc is available in general SIF handbooks. Meanwhile, the exact stress solution in the intact Brazilian disc subjected to uniformly distributed pressure is derived by use of numerical method. In the end, some finite element analysis is carried out using the program package ABAQUS on the Brazilian disc, and the comparison results regarding the SIF between the weight function method and numerical method prove the validity of the proposed method.


A(p,q) graph G is called edge magic if there exists a bijection f : V (G)( E(G) ! {1,2, ,p + q} such that for each edge e = (u,v) of G, we have f(u) + f(v) + f(uv) as a constant. Also G is said to be super edge magic if V (G) = {1,2, ,P}. Further G is said to be Super magic if E(G) = {1,2, ,q}. The Super magic deficiency, µi(G) of a graph G is defined to be either the smallest non negative integer n with the property that the graph G ( nK1 is super magic or +1 if there exists no such integer. In this paper, the super magic deficiency of certain forests and 2-regular graphs is established. In addition some edge magic deficiency analogues to the super magic defi- ciency results on forests are obtained.


The paper introduces the kinds of return goods,analyzes their cause,processing way and process,discusses the function of return goods center,designs the main operation zone for the center and finally suggests to outsource the return goods logistics to 3PL enterprises.


We have calculated the excitation energies of projectile fragments produced when relativistic projectiles make peripheral collisions with target nuclei. We find that the excitation energy of the fragment is much greater when the target nucleus is relatively heavy (such as Ag or Br) than when it is light (C or O). This could explain the difference between the results of anomalon searches in nuclear emulsion and plastic detectors.


The article discusses a new approach to upgrade the software for SCADA-systems. A distinctive feature of this method is the ability to support more than ten most popular programming languages. By applying this method it's possible to automate the process of recoding software components and, by doing so, it saves time programmers have to spend to rewrite the code and reduce the likelihood of structural errors inherited from the previous system.


As the improvement of importance of human capital for the development of enterprises, the enterprises not only take into account of human resource development of inner, but also recruit all kinds of talents from outer. Probation period management is the first step how to use and stay these new employees. Strengthen the probation period management to push the formation of cooperation and game and establish the useful trust of new employees and enterprises is the good way to improve the managerial efficiency and form the new competitive advantages of enterprises.


CRISPR-Cas9-based technologies have revolutionized experimental manipulation of the human genome by enabling generation of site-specific genetic alterations, such as insertion-deletion (indel) mutations. None-the-less, limitations of the delivery and efficacy of these technologies restrict their application in primary human cells. Here, we present a simple and effective method for fast and penetrant induction of multi-allelic indels and near-precise deletions (ranging from ~50bp to >50kbp) in primary human neural stem/progenitor cell (NPC) and brain tumor-derived stem-like cell cultures using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. We report that mono-, bi-, or multi-allelic (depending on ploidy) indel efficiencies of >90% can be routinely achieved within 3 days, without the need for pre-engineering cells to express Cas9 or isolating clones. As a result, this method enables the quick generation of a series of knockouts at different genomic loci, which we illustrate by successively targeting TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, and NF1 in human NPC populations, where ³95% loss of protein expression is observed. RNA-seq analysis of these NPC knockout pools confirmed gene expression changes including p53 transcriptional and Rb-axis targets, as well as NF1-dependent repression of major histocompatibility complex class II gene expression. Given its simplicity, this method is readily adaptable to other primary mammalian cell types.


The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK2 is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues and is involved in a wide range of biological processes. Although MAPKs have been intensely studied, identification of their substrates remains challenging. We have optimized a chemical genetic system using analog-sensitive ERK2,a form of ERK2 engineered to utilize an analog of ATP, to tag and isolate ERK2 substrates in vitro. This approach identified 80 proteins phosphorylated by ERK2, 13 of which are known ERK2 substrates. The 80 substrates are associated with diverse cellular processes, including regulation of transcription and translation, and mRNA processing, as well as regulation of the activity of the Rho-family guanosine triphosphatases. We found that one of the newly identified substrates, ETV3 (a member of the E-Supplementary Materials Supplementary Methods. Detailed protocol for ERK2 substrate labeling and identification References Figure S1. Additional sites phosphorylated by ERK2 on IRS2, CDC42EP1, and ETV3. Figure S2. MS/MS spectrum used to identify ETV3 as a direct ERK2 target and the matching spectrum of a synthetic peptide. Figure S3. HA-tagged ETV3 exhibits MEK-dependent gel shift which is reduced in phosphosite mutants, and an anti-HA antibody captures both the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated protein in ChIP. Figure S4. Immunofluorescence for HA-tagged ETV3 expressed in HEK 293T cells showing nuclear localization regardless of ERK activity. Figure S5. Immunofluorescence for endogenous ETV3 in DLD1 cells showing primarily nuclear localization regardless of ERK activity. Figure S6. ETV3 binding sites occur near known transcriptional start sites. Figure S7. Phosphorylation by ERK2 does not affect the stability of ETV3. Table S1. AS-ERK2 substrates and signal to background ratios. Table S2. MEK-dependent phosphorylation in peptides isolated by phosphorylation motif peptide immunoprecipitation. Table S3. Overview statistics of ETV3 ChIP-Seq data. Table S4. ETV3 binding sites from ChIP-Seq. Table S5. Gene mappings for ETV3 ChIP-Seq binding sites Supplementary Spectra. Manually curated spectra used to identify all AS-ERK2 targets. Data availability: ChIP-Seq data has been uploaded to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRP005470). LC-MS/MS data is available from ProteomeCommons (www.proteomecommons.org, group " Identification of ERK2 substrates using chemical genetics "). twenty six family of transcriptional regulators) was extensively phosphorylated on sites within canonical and non-canonical ERK motifs. Phosphorylation of ETV3 regulated transcription by preventing its binding to DNA at promoters for several thousand genes, including some involved in negative feedback regulation …


Ultra-low voltage operation is key to achieving energy-efficient operation for microcontroller (MCU) systems. Variation resiliency, high speed operation, and short design time are the most important challenges for these systems. This paper overcomes these challenges in a new design strategy that enables standard cell design with differential transmission gate logic. The commercial toolchain is extended with in-house developed add-ons and makes use of two custom libraries with different device lengths to allow high speed vs. low leakage trade-offs. The design flow is used to prototype two highly efficient 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 MCU systems in 40-nm CMOS. The core of the first prototype scales down to 190 mV and 0.8-MHz and reaches 16.07 pJ/cycle at 31.2-MHz and 440 mV. The second prototype benefits from the dual libraries and reduces core energy consumption by 50% at the same speed performance. Minimum energy operation is thus achieved at an even lower voltage (370 mV) with the M0 core consuming only 8.80 pJ/cycle at 13.7-MHz, breaking the sub-10-pJ/cycle barrier for a 6–35-MHz range.


The species diversity,distribution and fauna geographical elements of terrestrial molluscs in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve were analyzed.67 species and subspecies(including 9 species unidentified),belonging to 31 genera(19 families of four orders) were collected,among which Sinoennea sp.nov.is new to science and 14 species were new net to Jiangxi Province.Referring to the composition of species,the dominant species were Diplommatina paxillus longipalatalis,D.apicina,Bradybaena ravida ravida and Meghimatium bilineatum;the dominant family was Bradybaenidae,with 4 genera and 16 species,accounting for 23.88% of the total diversity.Fauna analysis showed that 43 species belong to Oriental,accounting for,74.14% of the total diversity.The habitats of broad-leaved forest,shrub community and farmland underbrush were obviously found with relatively higher terrestrial mollusc species richness with comparison to those distributed in bamboo forest and moss.Analysis on terrestrial mollusc community characters were made based on the Shannon-wiener index,Margalef richness index and Pielou index.The species diversity richness of terrestrial mollusc community and richness was highest Shrub community,and moss had the highest species Pielou.Compared with neighboring nature reserves,Jinggangshan Nature Reserve has the most diverse terrestrial molluscs.It was found that the terrestrial molluscs in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve had higher species similarity with Qiyunshan Nature Reserve and lower similarity with Nanling Nature Reserve.


Biobriquettes prerared from agricultural residues are an alternative energy sources suitable for application in such an agriculture-based country as Thailand. The objective of this study was to prepare biobriquettes using an optimum mixture of rice-straw (RS) and longan waste residues (LR) with tapioca paste as a binder. Biobriquettes were prepared by wet method under low-pressure compaction of 50 and 75 kg/cm2. The experiments were conducted using RS:LR ratios of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 (by weight). Physical properties, including shape, density as well as chemical properties, including moisture content, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon and heating value of the biobriquettes were determined. The results showed that the optimum mixture formula of biobriquettes was RS:LR of 20:80 (by weight) with 6% tapioca paste, preparation should be made at a compaction pressure of 50 kg/cm2. The density of these biobriquette was 0.33 g/cm2, while the moisture content, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon contents were 7.39, 5.00, 85.73 and 1.88% (dry basis), respectively. The heating value was 3,698.46 cal/g and the thermal efficiency of this fuel was 10.64%.


Introduction. EUD-GK compounds, and in particular EUD-GK-91, show selectivity for a restricted number of kinases (ALK, RET, TRK, DDR2, ROS1) and have shown anti-tumor activity in specific solid tumor models (Zuccotto et al, EORTC-NCI-AACR 2016). Here, we have assessed a novel derivative of this class of compounds, EUD-GK-001, in a panel of lymphoma models. Methods. Lymphoma cell lines, including both B- and T-cells lymphomas, were exposed to a large range of concentrations of EUD-GK-001 as single agent for 72h, followed by MTT proliferation assay and IC50 calculation. Cell cycle were assessed in four cell lines (FARAGE, DOHH2, TMD8, OCI-LY-10) treated with 500 nM of EUD-GK-001 for 72h. Baseline protein expression was assessed by mass spectrometry. Baseline gene expression was obtained by using the Illumina HumanHT 12 Expression BeadChips. Results. EUD-GK-001 presented a median IC50 of 1.65 μM and 3.75 μM across 14 B- and 4 T- cell lines, respectively. Five out of 14 DLBCL cells lines, including both ABC- and GCB- subtypes, presented IC50 values lower than 1 μM, A dose-depended increase of the cells in the sub-G0 phase (15-55%) was observed in two GCB-DLBCL and two ABC-DLBCL cell lines after EUD-GK-001 exposure for 72h. Taking advantage of available omics data for the tested cell lines (Cascione at al, AACR 2019), functional annotation of RNA and protein levels showed that TNF/NFKB, inflammation, IL6/JAK/STAT3, IL2/STAT5 signatures were enriched among the transcripts more expressed in the sensitive cell lines, while E2F, DNA repair, MYC signatures were enriched in the resistant cell lines. No genes coding for kinases were more expressed in both GCB (n.=2) and ABC (n=2) sensitive than in resistant DLBCL cell lines (GCB, n=2; ABC, n=3 R). However, three kinases, namely SRC, JAK2 and LCK, were significantly more expressed in EUD-GK-001 GCB-DLBCL sensitive cell lines (DOHH2, FARAGE) than in EUD-GK-001 resistant cells (SU-DHL-8, TOLEDO) and merging the top-50 mRNA and top-50 proteins identified by limma, SRC appeared as a central hub of the top genes associated with sensitivity to EUD-GK-001. The pattern of activity of EUD-GK-001 was however different from what reported for the SRC inhibitor dasatinib in the same lymphoma models (Scuoppo et al, PNAS 2019). Conclusion. EUD-GK-001 is a novel small molecule with in vitro anti-tumor activity in subsets of lymphoma models, which needs to be further explored. Citation Format: Lorenzo Scalise, Chiara Tarantelli, Fabio Zuccotto, Filippo Spriano, Michele Mascia, Luciano Cascione, Eugenio Gaudio, Mauro Angiolini, Francesco Bertoni. EUD-GK-001 is a novel kinase inhibitor with in vitro anti-lymphoma activity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4206.


The punitive tariffs by the US against Russia have far-reaching consequences for the European economy. The EU therefore needs a coherent foreign trade strategy with the…


By a submersion we shall understand a C°° sur jection /: X-+Y between paracompact C°° manifolds with dim X > dim F, subject to the condition that the differential of / have max-imal rank at all points. This implies that the fiber f y over any point yeY will be a smooth regularly imbedded submani-fold of X. Differentiable fiber bundles constitute a special class of submersions, characterized by the existence of local product structures, and in this particular case all fibers f y are homeomorphic to a standerd fiber F. The central result in the homology theory of fiber bundles asserts the existence of a convergent spectral sequence whose E°° term is the bigraded group associated to some filtration of H*(X; G) 1 , and for which in case the bundle is orientable over G. In the present paper this result is generalized to arbitrary submersions. The E 2 terms now come to be identified with certain groups H s , t (f; G) representing a homology functor from the category of submersions to the category of bigraded groups, which reduce of course to H S (Y; H t (F; G)) in the classical case.