In this paper we identify a subset of good interleavers within the set of all possible interleavers of a given length, by considering the algebraic properties of constituent convolutional encoders. Rate 1/3 codes are considered and the feedback connection of convolutional codes uses primitive polynomials. The design criterion depends on 2-weight and 3-weight input sequences, since they produce minimum output weight of codewords. We show numerically that an interleaver chosen at random from a proposed subspace outperforms the random interleaver chosen from the set of all possible interleavers in terms of upper bound probability contribution from 2-weight and 3-weight input sequences. The constraints that stem from these considerations should be applied as a first step in interleaver design, thus reducing the search space of any further optimization..


Abstract We report the first known nest of the Pale-eyed Blackbird (Agelaius xanthophthalmus) and describe the behavior of breeding and nonbreeding pairs at Cocha Cashu, Manu National Park, Peru. Birds traveled as pairs within limited areas, whether or not they were breeding. During incubation, which is performed only by the female, the male typically remains near the nest and the birds are in regular vocal contact by means of frequent duets. Its monogamous social system is similar to that of other marsh-nesting species in its clade.


Thi s paper chose Fujian province GDP as the representati ve of macroeconomic indicators, selected years 1988 - 2008 data, made use of the methods such as cointegration, Granger causality tests and establishing error correction model and at last obtained the conc lusion that the effects of ODI on the GDP.


Visualizations used in the practice of neuroscience, as one example of a scientific practice, can be sorted according to whether they represent (A) actual things, (B) theoretical models, or (C) some integration of these two. In this paper I hypothesize that an assessment of a chain of visual representations from (A) through (C) to (B) (and back again) is used, as part of the practice of scientific judgment, to assess the adequacy of the "working fit" between the theoretical model and the actual thing or process that the model is intended to explain.


NASA is contemplating future human exploration missions to destinations beyond low Earth orbit, including the Moon, deep-space asteroids, and Mars. While we have learned much about protecting crew health and performance during orbital space flight over the past half-century, the challenges of these future missions far exceed those within our current experience base. To ensure success in these missions, we have developed a Human System Risk Board (HSRB) to identify, quantify, and develop mitigation plans for the extraordinary risks associated with each potential mission scenario. The HSRB comprises research, technology, and operations experts in medicine, physiology, psychology, human factors, radiation, toxicology, microbiology, pharmacology, and food sciences. Methods: Owing to the wide range of potential mission characteristics, we first identified the hazards to human health and performance common to all exploration missions: altered gravity, isolation/confinement, increased radiation, distance from Earth, and hostile/closed environment. Each hazard leads to a set of risks to crew health and/or performance. For example the radiation hazard leads to risks of acute radiation syndrome, central nervous system dysfunction, soft tissue degeneration, and carcinogenesis. Some of these risks (e.g., acute radiation syndrome) could affect crew health or performance during the mission, while others (e.g., carcinogenesis) would more likely affect the crewmember well after the mission ends. We next defined a set of design reference missions (DRM) that would span the range of exploration missions currently under consideration. In addition to standard (6-month) and long-duration (1-year) missions in low Earth orbit (LEO), these DRM include deep space sortie missions of 1 month duration, lunar orbital and landing missions of 1 year duration, deep space journey and asteroid landing missions of 1 year duration, and Mars orbital and landing missions of 3 years duration. We then assessed the likelihood and consequences of each risk against each DRM, using three levels of likelihood (Low: less than or equal to 0.1%; Medium: 0.1%1.0%; High: greater than or equal to 1.0%) and four levels of consequence ranging from Very Low (temporary or insignificant) to High (death, loss of mission, or significant reduction to length or quality of life). Quantitative evidence from clinical, operational, and research sources were used whenever available. Qualitative evidence was used when quantitative evidence was unavailable. Expert opinion was used whenever insufficient evidence was available. Results: A set of 30 risks emerged that will require further mitigation efforts before being accepted by the Agency. The likelihood by consequence risk assessment process provided a means of prioritizing among the risks identified. For each of the high priority risks, a plan was developed to perform research, technology, or standards development thought necessary to provide suitable reduction of likelihood or consequence to allow agency acceptance. Conclusion: The HSRB process has successfully identified a complete set of risks to human space travelers on planned exploration missions based on the best evidence available today. Risk mitigation plans have been established for the highest priority risks. Each risk will be reassessed annually to track the progress of our risk mitigation efforts.


Segmentation of retinal blood vessels is significant to diagnosis,treatment and evaluation of the cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases.To overcome shortcomings of the existed segmentation algorithms,a novel method based on prior knowledge random walks model was proposed in this paper.Considering the model of the blood vessels,divergence field of normalized gradient vector was constructed,while high-contrast and low-contrast vessel centerlines were extracted using different oriented Laplasian operators.These centerlines were selected as the prior knowledge of random walks model to realize segmentation of blood vessels with low contrast and faintness edges.Experiments were made under STARE public retinal image database.The proposed method achieved better segmentation accuracy than those from existed algorithms.Moreover,the efficiency could satisfy the requirement of clinic diagnosis.


Contemporary legal practice requires the allocation of authority within a complex system of legal prescriptions. As international law has extended to areas as diverse as trade, environmental regulation and human rights, the consequences of breach of international legal obligations become more difficult to assess. The authors probe the role of the lex specialis maxim as a tool for the effective placing of special secondary rules within the general international law of state responsibility. The central question is: Are the general rules on state responsibility to apply residually? The authors answer in the affirmative. 'Conceptual' arguments for so-called self-contained regimes are unconvincing. Scholars who perceive international law as a unified legal order might be led to apply a presumption in favour of the applicability of the general international law of state responsibility. Scholars who regard international law as no more than the sum total of loosely interrelated subsystems tend to advocate a presumption in favour of the normative closure of a particular regime. In the authors' view, neither presumption is helpful, since both tend to obfuscate the value judgments that legal decision-making inevitably involves. Instead, the authors propose that a fallback on general international law, including resort to countermeasures, may be justified on normative grounds. A closer analysis of four subsystems that have often been associated with the notion of self-contained regimes - diplomatic law, European Community law, the WTO and human rights - concludes the discussion.


right is ambivalent. It is key to the realization of modern freedom, whilst simultaneously promoting economic conditions that undermine it. For his part, Marx rejects abstract right entirely, without developing an institutional alternative that recognizes and protects human capacities. Schmidt am Busch frames Honneth's recent work on social freedom as an attempt to find a middle road between these positions. Chitty's investigation of human solidarity provides an instructive textual elaboration of the forms of self-awareness in Hegel's philosophy of spirit, and the contradictions driving the inner dynamic of these forms. Chitty identifies correspondences between the structure of Marx's conception of human Review


Background: Guadecitabine is a next generation subcutaneous (SC) hypomethylating agent (HMA) resistant to degradation by cytidine deaminase which results in prolonged in vivo exposure to the active metabolite decitabine. We conducted a phase 2 study of guadecitabine in 103 r/r AML patients. We present here duration of response and long-term survival results.
 M ethods: We conducted a phase 2 study of guadecitabine using different regimens and doses (randomized 5-day regimen cohorts of 60 mg/m2/d vs 90 mg/m2/d SC) and a cohort of 10-day regimen in the first 1-4 cycles at 60 mg/m2/d followed by subsequent cycles of 5-day regimen). Response and duration of response were assessed using IWG 2003 criteria: Complete Response (CR), CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), and CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi). CR+CRp+CRi was defined as composite CR (CRc). Overall survival (OS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. Response status for each dose/regimen cohort and the overall treated population were assessed with analyses of duration of response and long-term survival.
 Results: The study completed enrolment of 103 r/r AML patients: 50 patients received 5-day regime at 60 mg/m2/d (24 patients) or 90 mg/m2/d (26 patients), and 53 patients received the 10-day (60 mg/m2/d). Median follow up was 2.4 years (29.1 months). Patients' characteristics for the 103 r/r AML patients enrolled included median age of 60y (range 22-82y), poor risk cytogenetics in 41%, prior hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) in 18%, median number of prior regimens 2 (range 1-10), primary refractory to induction therapy in 47%, and 41% had a high disease burden of BM blasts >40%. There was no significant difference in CR or OS between 60 and 90 mg/m2/d 5-day regimen but the CR and CRc rates were higher on the 10-day regimen (19% and 30% respectively) vs the 5-day regimen (8% and 16%). When all regimens analyzed together, 24/103 patients (23.3%) achieved CRc. Responses (CRc) were achieved in several poor prognosis subgroups including 19% in patients with poor risk cytogenetics, 31% of refractory patients, 26% of patients who relapsed after prior HCT, and 22% in patients with early relapse (< 6 months from their prior treatment). Of the 24 CRc patients, 15 (63%) were refractory to induction, 8 (33%) had poor risk cytogenetics, and 5 (21%) had prior HCT, and 14 (58%) went on to receive HCT following response. Median overall duration of response for patients with CR, and CRc were 7 and 7.8 months respectively. After long term follow up, median OS has not been reached in patients who achieved CRc (either CR or CRp/CRi). The 2-year survival rate was 57% for CR, and 50% for CRp/CRi (Fig. 1). Median OS has not yet been reached and was similar in CRc patients who went on to receive HCT post CRc (14 patients) compared to CRc patients who did not receive HCT post treatment (10 patients) (Fig.2). The 2-year survival rate was also similar for both groups (50% for those receiving HCT vs 60% for those who did not undergo HCT). Most patients were still on guadecitabine treatment until death, progression, or HCT with no other subsequent treatment. Guadecitabine was well tolerated in all cohorts with Grade 3 or higher AEs related to the drug seen in 42% of patients predominantly myelosuppression and related infections. There was no related serious AEs leading to death. The results highlight the long survival benefit for guadecitabine responders that exceeds duration of response and seems irrespective of post treatment HCT. The results also suggest that in r/r AML patients treated with guadecitabine, CRp/CRi seem to confer a similar survival benefit to CR patients suggesting that the incomplete peripheral blood count recovery may reflect continued treatment-related myelosuppression rather than active residual disease.
 Summary/Conclusions: In a phase 2 study of HMA guadecitabinein heavily pretreated r/r AML patients, 47% of whom had refractory disease, CR, CRp, and CRi all conferred long survival benefit. With a median follow up of almost 2.5 years, more than half of responding patients were still alive at 2 years and their median OS has not yet been reached. In addition, treatment with guadecitabine allowed post treatment HCT in 58% of responders.

 Griffiths: Celgene, Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding; Appelis Pharmaceuticals: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Appelis Pharmaceuticals: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Onconova Therapeutics: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Onconova Therapeutics: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Abbvie, Inc.: Consultancy, PI on a clinical trial; Abbvie, Inc.: Consultancy; Genentech, Inc.: Research Funding; Genentech, Inc.: Research Funding; New Link Genetics: Consultancy; New Link Genetics: Consultancy; Astex Phramaceuticals/Otsuka Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astex Phramaceuticals/Otsuka Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis Inc.: Consultancy; Boston Scientific: Consultancy; Boston Scientific: Consultancy; Persimmune: Consultancy; Persimmune: Consultancy; Partner Therapeutics: Consultancy; Novartis Inc.: Consultancy; Celgene, Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding; Partner Therapeutics: Consultancy. Kantarjian:Daiichi-Sankyo: Research Funding; Jazz Pharma: Research Funding; Cyclacel: Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Ariad: Research Funding; Actinium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Honoraria; AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Agios: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Immunogen: Research Funding; Astex: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding. O'Connell:BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Shionogi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astex: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Yee:Astex: Research Funding; Hoffman La Roche: Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; MedImmune: Research Funding; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Stock:Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Daiichi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite, a Gilead Company: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Research to Practice: Honoraria; Agios: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; UpToDate: Honoraria. Jabbour:Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Adaptive: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cyclacel LTD: Research Funding. Ritchie:Genentech: Other: Advisory board; Ariad, Celgene, Incyte, Novartis: Speakers Bureau; AStella, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, NS Pharma, Pfizer: Research Funding; Celgene, Novartis: Other: travel support; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Celgene: Other: Advisory board; Pfizer: Other: Advisory board, travel support; agios: Other: Advisory board; Tolero: Other: Advisory board; Celgene, Incyte, Novartis, Pfizer: Consultancy. Rizzieri:Celgene, Gilead, Seattle Genetics, Stemline: Other: Speaker; AbbVie, Agios, AROG, Bayer, Celgene, Gilead, Jazz, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Stemline, Teva: Other: Advisory Board; AROG, Bayer, Celgene, Celltron, Mustang, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics, Stemline: Consultancy; Stemline: Research Funding. Su:Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Employment. Azab:Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Employment. Roboz:Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bayer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Actinium: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amphivena: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Argenx: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astex: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Otsuka: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celltrion: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sandoz: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Trovagene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Eisai: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory


As one of the most important components of the wetland ecosystem, microorganisms play an important role in all kinds of ecological processes. Those ecological processes of wetland microorganisms are mainly represented by elements cycling, material transformation, energy flow and ecological restoration. In this paper, the research progress of microbial analyzing methods in the wetland ecosystem are introduced clearly and have shown their specific advantages and disadvantages. They mainly include traditional microorganism counting methods, microbial physiological biochemical index methods and molecular biological techniques. This paper will help us better understand the research progress of wetland microorganisms.


The dynamics of quantitative and qualitative changes in the rural population of the Yenisei region is revealed from the standpoint of the theory of demographic modernization. The stages and features of demographic processes in the subregion, due to its geo-economic position, the influence of the colonization factor on fertility, mortality, nuptiality, population growth rates, changes in the demographic behavior of the peasantry, and its ethnic composition are revealed. Based on the analysis of the current administrative statistics published by the provincial statistical committee in the annual "Reviews" of the province and "Commemorative books", as well as the materials of the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897, the author comes to the conclusion that agrarian migrations in the region at the beginning of the 20th century acquired an explosive character, in contrast to a similar process in Western Siberia, which was extended over time. This led to the fact that the formation of a new demographic model, characteristic of modern society, took place in a specific way, since the features of the traditional model dominated in the resettlement environment: high birth rates and mortality, a large population of the peasant family, a younger age composition, intensive marriage, rare family divisions.


Any books that you read, no matter how you got the sentences that have been read from the books, surely they will give you goodness. But, we will show you one of recommendation of the book that you need to read. This social character in a mexican village a sociopsychoanalytic study is what we surely mean. We will show you the reasonable reasons why you need to read this book. This book is a kind of precious book written by an experienced author.


Vanadium K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to examine whole blood preparations from the tunicatesAscidia nigra and Ascidia ceratodes. Each XAS spectrum exhibits a rising edge inflection near 5480 eV characteristic of vanadium(III) and an intensity maximum at 5484.0 eV. In A. ceratodes blood cells, intrinsic aquo-VSO4 + complex ion is indicated by an inflection feature at 5476 eV in the first derivative of the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum, but this feature is notably absent from the first derivative of the vanadium K-edge spectrum of blood cells from A. nigra. A strong pre-edge feature at 5468.6 eV also uniquely distinguishes the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum of A. nigra blood cells, implying that vanadyl ion represents ∼25% of the endogenous vanadium. However, the energy position of the rising edge inflection of the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum of A. nigra (5479.5 eV) is 1 eV lower than that of A. ceratodes (5480.5 eV), the reverse of any expected shift arising from the endogenous vanadyl ion. Thus, in contrast to A. ceratodes, a significant fraction of the blood cell vanadium(III) in A. nigra is apparently in a ligation environment substantially different from that provided by water. These novel species-related differences may have taxonomic significance.


Gifted pre-school children are often identified as those who read words, interpret signs, and demonstrate interests of children older than them, and are considered an exceptional group of children compared to other normal children. Therefore, early identification of gifted children helps to provide educational opportunities and a rich environment for the development of their talents. The main purpose of the current study is to examine the teachers' attitudes in pre-school toward the education of gifted children in Palestine and identify the educational strategies and programs for teaching gifted children. The mixed-methods approach was adopted; it is an approach that mixes qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a deep understanding and confirm outcomes. In this study, the researchers adopted an explanatory sequential design, which is a sequential approach, and it began with quantitative data collection and analysis, followed by qualitative data collection and analysis. The quantitative data were collected by the "Scale for Attitudes towards Gifted Education." The pre-school teachers in the sample were randomly selected, consisting of 330 female pre-school teachers from public schools. Additionally, the qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interview, which 15 female pre-school teachers from public schools took part in. The quantitative findings indicated that teachers had positive attitudes regarding the education of gifted children. This was consistent with the findings of qualitative data, which also demonstrated the variety of educational strategies and programs that were used to teach gifted children in Palestine.


Lobsters are one of the highly priced crustaceans in India and are in great demand as a delicacy in the internal market and as a foreign exchange earner in export market. Gourmets the world over prize this crustacean as the most delectable. As a result, lobsters are now fished indiscriminately and the population at least in certain areas is threatened. Most females either don't get a chance to reproduce or are caught while they are breeding


The epigraph is from the 1886 novel L'Ève future (Future Eve) by novelist, playwright, and poet Jean Marie Mathias Phillipe Auguste, comte de Villiers de l'Isle-Adam (1838–1889; hereafter, Villiers). I have highlighted it here because anime director Oshii Mamoru (b. 1951) also chose it as the epigraph for his 2004 film Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence (hereafter Innocence).1 It is the connections and disjunctures between emotion and science that lie at the heart of Villiers's novel and Oshii's film. For both, a central question is, can an android love and be loved? Or, to put the emphasis differently, is love possible only for humans, or are emotions and affect also possible in artificial beings? Oshii's film suggests that the emotion that remains in a cyborg or android context is precisely what will keep us "human" even after our bodies have become mostly or entirely artificial. In this study I will use Oshii's source text, L'Ève future, as well as contemporary affect theory in a preliminary exploration of the philosophical and ontological issues depicted so provocatively in Oshii's film.2 Emotional Infectivity: Cyborg Affect and the Limits of the Human


Extraction of both common and unique features across different visual inputs is crucial for animal survival. Regularities in the visual input lead to learning of the general principles governing an environment, whereas unique features are important for novelty detection. Low and high spatial frequencies (SF) represent two different channels of visual perception, which may be playing different roles in the processing of global pattern and local details. Alterations in the processing of these different SF channels may lead to impaired visual perception. Excessive detail-oriented processing and reduced habituation to sensory stimuli are some of the hallmarks of altered sensory perception in autism. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of these impairments are not understood. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of these impairments, we investigated the low and high SF channels in V1 of Fmr1 KO mice, the mouse model of Fragile X syndrome (FX). We first provide behavioral evidence for reduced habituation of both pupillary baseline and surprise responses in FX mice. Using silicon probe recordings, we demonstrate excessive processing of high SF stimuli in the late stages of visual responses in V1 of FX mice. We then show a reduced adaptation during a visual oddball paradigm in neurons preferring low but not high SF. Overall, our findings suggest that altered processing in distinct SF channels might contribute to altered visual perception and learning in FX and autism.


In this issue of Blood, Lafage-Pochitaloff et al, on behalf of the Group for Research on Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GRAALL), validate the clinical utility of genetics, thereby calling time on treatment strategies that do not incorporate genetic data.1


Objective: to analyze the everyday life of nurses through the sexual work division as well as through interdependence relations and the time in hospital. Method: quanti-qualitative study, based on the Time Use Survey and in Norbert Elias's Configuration Theory of Interdependencies. Daily shifts distribution record, directed by 42 participants - with self-confrontation - by interviews which drew dialogues on subjective aspects of the everyday experiences related to use of time, based on a job at a university hospital. The theoretical intake that founded data analysis was based on concepts of conflicts of interest, power struggles, sexual work division and polychronic-monochronic concepts - whether the work environment demands multitasking nurses or not. Results: time records allowed to observe differences between the groups studied, useful to identify conflicts, tensions, power struggles and gender inequalities in interviewees' everyday affairs that do not only affect physical and mental health, but also their way of life. Conclusion: the analytical path pointed out the need for public policies that promote equity in gender relations, keeping at sight the exercise of plural discourses and tolerant stances capable to respect differences between individual and collective time.


A recent study of new software developers at Microsoft reveals the significance and integration of communication skills in their daily tasks. While the literature offers a variety of approaches to promote the integration of communication skills into the Computer Science curriculum, a discrepancy remains between what students get and what they need. In this paper, we propose using workplace scenarios that integrate communication skills with technical content situated in and mediating workplace activity. Workplace scenarios are based on an analysis of the workplace as an activity system. Guidelines for implementing workplace scenarios are provided. A case study analyzes the integration of communication skills with technical content using workplace scenarios in a software development course.


The concept of circular economy has been gaining in popularity and interest among both scholars and policymakers. It is an alternative to today's linear system and it focuseson reducing waste and minimizing the use of resources. The purpose of this paper is to present the challenges related to agricultural transformation towards circular economy, andto analyze the scope and nature of solutions that could be used under the CAP to support the integration of EU agriculture into the circular economy system. The study is based on a review of papers on circular economy (CE). The review enabled identifying the particularities of CE which showed the potential role for the CAP in implementing CE in agriculture. The conclusions from the research indicate that CAP instruments currently in place have a limited potential to support the adaptation of agriculture to the circular economy. However, it is possible to modify the support criteria so that they stimulate the integration of the EU agricultural sector into the economy model implemented in the EU. However, to accelerate this process, it is necessary to introduce more effective instruments in providing ecosystem services and mechanisms of cooperation with the industry.


Ž . Ž w x. where i is the closed immersion i: Spec Ar l ̈ Spec A cf. 6, 3.1 . Sekiguchi and Suwa computed several extensions with respect to G Žl., 1Ž Žl. Ž m .. Ž w x. for example, Ext G , G , etc. cf. 6]9 . Weisfeiler computed 1Ž Žl. . Ž w x. Ext G , G cf. 5 . a, A Let BrA be an unramified quadratic extension. We denote its Galois 4 4 2 group by G s e, s . We remark that B s a q bu ¬ a, b g A where u y mu q n s 0 for some m, n g A and m y 4n g A. We denote the norm map by Norm: Ba A. Let G be the nontrivial BrA-form of G . Then by Waterhouse and m Ž w x. Weisfeiler cf. 4, 2.6 , we get


The soil at different position and depth of root-range in litchi orchards of Guangliang town was selected to analyze the urease activity and the relation between it and soil agrochemical property and litchi yield.The results indicated that the urease activity in high-yield litchi orchard was notably higher than that in low-yield orchard.The urease activity had significant positive correlation with the nutrient content.The urease activity in soil had some regularity:It was the highest at the radius of tree crown in its level distribution area,and inward or outward it decreased gradually;The urease activity in the soil at 0-20cm depth was the highest in its vertical distribution,and it decreased gradually with the depth increasing.


The presence of more than one genetic/genomic disorder is not uncommon. It is therefore essential to continuously consider new signs and symptoms over time. Administration of gene therapy could be extremely difficult in particular situations.


Abstract : This research develops theoretical methods for parameter estimation of filtered, pulsed sinusoids in noise and demonstrates their effectiveness for Electronic Warfare (EW) applications. Within the context of stochastic modeling, a new linear model, parameterized by a set of Linear Prediction (LP) coefficients, is derived for estimating the frequencies of filtered sinusoids. This model is an improvement over previous modeling techniques since the effects of the filter and the coefficients upon the noise statistics are properly accounted for during model development. From this linear model, a relationship between LP coefficient estimation and Maximum Likelihood (ML) frequency estimation is derived and several coefficient estimators, based on fixed point theory and ML techniques, are constructed. A bound for the coefficient estimation error is developed and used to gauge the quality of point estimates directly from the data and knowledge of the noise variance. Furthermore, a multirate implementation of an EW digital channelized receiver is described functionally and probabilistically. When applied to the EW receiver, simulations indicate the new estimators provide unbiased, minimum variance, parameter estimates of filtered sinusoids at lower SNRs than the estimators currently employed. The bounds on the estimation error are then used establish confidence intervals for each point estimate.


The marketing and promotion of tourist sites through modern technologies such as geographic information system (GIS) and dynamic web technologies are slow in developing countries. This paper explores the potential of GIS in marketing tourism and examines how this can influence tourists' destination choice. The study mapped 41 tourist destination spots and ranked 10 of them. The study finds that the middle belt of Ghana has the highest diversity of tourist attractions. The spatial mapping revealed that nine of the 10 most visited destinations are located in Southern Ghana with the remaining in Northern Ghana. This finding is useful in guiding policy-makers towards enacting policies that will boost sustainable tourism in the south while effectively developing the potentials of the north. The study recommends the development and adoption of competitive marketing strategy using geospatial tools directed at meeting the needs of global tourist while integrating local participation.


Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine if early valve surgery for infective endocarditis in acute stroke patients is associated with an increased risk of post-operative neurological complications. Background: Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke often complicate infective endocarditis (IE). Optimal timing of surgical intervention for IE with stroke remains controversial. We compared neurological outcomes of early and delayed valve surgery for IE complicated by stroke. Design/Methods: We reviewed 73 patients with acute IE by Duke Criteria who underwent brain imaging (CT, MRI, or cerebral angiogram) before valve operations between December 2014 and August 2016. Date of IE diagnosis was defined as date of antibiotic initiation. Early surgery was defined as valve replacement ≤14 days from date of IE diagnosis and delayed surgery as >14 days. Neurological complication is defined as delirium >72 hours after extubation and cessation of sedation, new ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Results: Among 73 patients who underwent valve replacement surgery, 71 had evidence of stroke on imaging: 54 patients with acute or subacute ischemic infarct, 9 patients with evidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, and 8 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The median time from IE diagnosis to surgery was 9 days. Forty patients had early surgery, and 33 patients had late surgery. Early surgery group had fewer patients with history of ischemic stroke (55% vs 79%, p=0.033), fewer acute or subacute infarcts on imaging (63% vs 88% p=0.016), but more native valve infections (73% vs 45%, p=0.018). The incidence of post-operative stroke was similar between both groups (2.5% vs 9%, p=0.32). In the delayed group, ischemic strokes occurred in 4 patients awaiting surgery. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were associated with post-operative neurological complications (p Conclusions: In IE patients with acute stroke, early surgery does not appear to increase post-operative neurological complications. Disclosure: Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cho has nothing to disclose. Dr. Marquardt has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hussain has nothing to disclose. Dr. Uchino has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wisco has nothing to disclose.


DTU Orbit (09/12/2018) A call for a paradigm shift: Assumed-to-be premature migrants actually yield good returns Animals with complex life cycles often display plasticity in the timing of transitions across life stages. The brown trout, Salmo trutta, highlights such phenotypic plasticity with its alternative migratory tactics. Downstream migration of smolts exemplifies one of the many ways in which brown trout display plasticity. The timing of this migration is assumed to be in the spring, although recent evidence suggests an autumn migration is also present. While the proximate and ultimate causes for this autumn migration remain unclear, it was hypothesised that leaving in the autumn may have short‐term benefits (e.g., lower competition) but that these individuals are maladapted to life at sea and yield poor adult returns. To test this hypothesis, 1370 wild juvenile brown trout from a Danish stream were tagged with PIT tags. Individuals were then divided into autumn and spring migrants depending on the timing of their outmigration to saltwater, and their return to freshwater was followed. Inconsistent with the hypothesis that autumn migrants yield poor returns, our findings suggest that autumn migrants yield similar return rates to spring migrants, with no observed differences in length, mass and condition upon tagging, nor in average time spent at sea. Our findings suggest that autumn migrants may not be maladapted to marine environments in a way that affects their survival, and call for a paradigm shift in the current description of the brown trout lifecycle


The aims of this study were to describe the clinical, biological and radiological features of community-acquired (CA) Legionnaires' disease (LD) and identify the predictors of mortality in hospitalised patients. Demographic data, risk factors, clinical and biological features, medical management, complications, and outcome from 540 hospitalised patients with confirmed CA LD were prospectively recorded. 8.1% of patients (44 out of 540) died. The predictors of survival after Kaplan–Meier analysis were male sex (p=0.01), age <60 yrs (p=0.02), general symptoms (p=0.006), intensive care unit (ICU) stay (p<0.001), and class II–III Pneumonia Severity Index score (p=0.004). Six predictors of death were identified by multivariate analysis: age (per 10-yr increment) (relative hazard (RH) 1.50, 95% CI 1.21–1.87), female sex (RH 2.00, 95% CI 1.08–3.69), ICU admission (RH 3.31, 95% CI 1.67–6.56), renal failure (RH 2.73, 95% CI 1.42–5.27), corticosteroid therapy (RH 2.54, 95% CI 1.04–6.20) and C-reactive protein (CRP) >500 mg·L−1 (RH 2.14, 95% CI 1.02–4.48). Appropriate antibiotic therapy was prescribed for 70.8% (292 out of 412) of patients after admission and for 99.8% (537 out of 538) of patients after diagnosis confirmation. In conclusion, female sex, age, ICU stay, renal failure, corticosteroid treatment and increased level of CRP are significant risk factors for mortality in CA LD.


HPL is the parallel version of Linpack Benchmark,and also the standard testing program for high performance pa-(rallel) computer systems.It plays an important role in fairly,completely and systematically evaluating a machine's floating-point performance.We perform HPL test for a PC cluster with 8 nodes.We analyze the obtained data and reach the conclusion that the performance of the cluster can scale near linearly with the number of cluster nodes.We also derive the relations among processor grid dimension,problem size and HPL performance.


examined), the proportion possessing the Gm factor is 57.3 %. We tested whether the fact that a patient has the Gm* factor may influence the serological reactions. First of all, we studied, together with F. Jacqueline, patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatism controlled for several years. In actual fact, rheumatoid arthritis is the main affection during which such a possibility may be foreseen. The observed divisions of Gm* were 56.8% in 271 patients suffering from P.C.E. This division amounted to 58.7 % in patients with a positive Waaler-Rose reaction and to 53.3 % with a negative reaction. There is, therefore, no correlation between the presence of Gm* factor and that of the agglutinating factor responsible for the Waaler-Rose reaction. Study of the division of the Gm* factor was performed during another form of chronic inflammatory rheumatism, spondylitis, as well as during infectious mononucleosis, diabetes and diseases of the haemopoietic organs.


The traditional Markowitz approach to portfolio optimization assumes that we know the means, variances, and covariances of the return rates of all the financial instruments. In some practical situations, however, we do not have enough information to determine the variances and covariances, we only know the means. To provide a reasonable portfolio allocation for such cases, researchers proposed a heuristic maximum entropy approach. In this paper, we provide an economic justification for this heuristic idea. 1 Formulation of the Problem Portfolio optimization: general problem. What is the best way to invest money? Usually, there are several possible financial instruments; let us denote the number of available financial instruments by n. The questions is then: what portion wi of the overall money amount should we allocate to each instrument i? Of course, these portions must be non-negative and add up to one: n ∑


This study focuses on addressing the the coupling problem of the vertical and horizontal plane of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) with an X-rudder. To guarantee the steering performance of the AUV, a depth and course control algorithm based on an L1 adaptive control algorithm (L1AC) is proposed. Firstly, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is designed on the basis of an AUV vertical and horizontal linear model, and the system has optimal control quality for both of the nominal vertical and horizontal models. Secondly, the nonlinear state predictor, disturbance estimator, and adaptive controller are designed separately, which is used for the compensation of the uncertainty and disturbance of the AUV dynamic. Finally, the rudder angle allocation algorithm is designed to realize the rudder angle command of the cross rudder to the X-rudder. The simulation and experiment results show that the adaptive control algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively control AUV to complete high-performance course and depth control. Based on the experiments, the prospects and shortcomings of the L1AC, LQR and MRAC algorithm in AUV control are compared and analyzed.


You will go through great pains to learn the profound mathematics of Hilbert spaces and operators on them. What in experiment suggests the specific form of quantum mechanics with its "postulates"? Why should measurable quantities be represented by operators on a Hilbert space? Why should the complete information about a system be represented by a vector from a Hilbert space? It looks like we make a lot of assumptions for setting up quantum mechanics. The arguments below will show, that we make one less than we make for classical mechanics, and that this intails all the strangeness. It is a bit like in general relativity: by omitting one postulate from geometry, we enter a whole new space of possibilities. The short overview presented below is a severely diluted representation of the discussion in: F. Strocchi, Mathematical Structure of Quantum Mechanics W. Thirring, Mathematical Physics III: Quantum Mechanics


The invention relates to an energy management system (EMS) based on a publishing and subscribing mechanism to realize the synchronization of power network models. The EMS comprises a model maintenance module, a model publishing module, a model subscribing module and a model update module, wherein the model maintenance module allows the maintenance personnel to carry out manual maintenance on the power network models of the EMS system, and the model subscribing module obtains the real-time notification of model maintenance update information by subscribing the model maintenance update information published by the model publishing modules of other EMSes, and forwards the subscribed model maintenance update information to the model publishing module and the model update module; and the model publishing module publishes the model maintenance update information manually maintained by the model maintenance module in the EMS system and the model maintenance update information of the model publishing modules of other EMSes subscribed by the model publishing module in the EMS system, and the model update module updates the power network models in the EMS system according to the model maintenance update information of other EMSes subscribed by the model publishing module in the EMS system.


Clustering allows considering groups of similar data elements at a higher level of abstraction. This facilitates the extraction of patterns and useful information from large amounts of spatio-temporal data. Till now, most studies have focused on the extraction of patterns from a spatial or a temporal aspect. Here we use the Bregman block average co-clustering algorithm with I-divergence (BBAC_I) to enable the simultaneous analysis of spatial and temporal patterns in geo-referenced time series (time evolving values of a property observed at fixed geographical locations). In addition, we present three geovisualization techniques to fully explore the co-clustering results: heatmaps offer a straightforward overview of the results; small multiples display the spatial and temporal patterns in geographic maps; ringmaps illustrate the temporal patterns associated to cyclic timestamps. To illustrate this study, we used Dutch daily average temperature data collected at 28 weather stations from 1992 to 2011. The co-clustering algorithm was applied hierarchically to understand the spatio-temporal patterns found in the data at the yearly, monthly and daily resolutions. Results pointed out that there is a transition in temperature patterns from northeast to southwest and from 'cold' to 'hot' years/months/days with only 3 years belonging to 'cool' or 'cold' years. Because of its characteristics, this newly introduced algorithm can concurrently analyse spatial and temporal patterns by identifying location-timestamp co-clusters that contain values that are similar along both the spatial and the temporal dimensions.


Endoscopists should be familiar with polyp features (size, location, morphology, and surface features) that are predictive of submucosal invasion in


Abstract Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), and inflammatory myositis are at increased risk of developing malignancies. Treatment of these conditions, including disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologic therapies, are also associated with increased risk of malignancies.Cancer adds to the disease burden in these patients, affecting their quality of life and life expectancy. The decision in choosing immunosuppressive agents in these rheumatic diseases should take into account the disease severity, expectation for disease control, comorbidities, as well asthe side effects including risks of cancer. This article does not include the risk of malignancy in patients with the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, which are well-recognized paraneoplastic conditions.


Titanium nitride films are deposited on AISI 304 steel with a hollow-cathode-discharge (HCD) ion-plating technique. The status of residual stresses in TiN thin film coated on AISI304 substrate by HCD is studied by x-ray diffraction stress analyzer. By analyzing morphology of the residual stress of TiN thin film at interface between TiN film and AISI 304 substrate, the adhering mechanism of TiN thin film is understood as follows: the mechanical interlocking had important contribution to the adhesion strength, the thermal stress is the major factor which resulting TiN thin film peeling off spontaneously. The results show that the value of thin film is -210MPa~-650Mpa, and the thermal stress is compressive, the intrinsic stress is tensile, origins of the residual stress are primarily discussed.


The aim of this study was to determine learning outcomes of MP SMK N 1 Rambah students Class X by using inquiry learning model with quasi-experiment. Samples were the students in Class X. Result showed that studying biology in mushroom's topic by using inquiry model learning was not effect significantly. But from the posttest, the experiment class was higher than control class with value 80,86 and the control class was 78,59. It can be concluded that there is no effect from inquiry model learning toward result of learning students in mushroom's topic in Class X SMK N 1 Rambah in academic year of 2014/2015.


This study identified the influential factors for adoption of OSILS in university libraries in Bangladesh. The survey was carried out among 196 library professionals from 14 private and seven public university libraries by a structured questionnaire which was adapted cautiously as per local arrangements after conducting a pilot survey. Factors for adoption of OSILS were analyzed by multiple regressions where overall satisfaction was used as dependent variable, and 14 factors for adoption of OSILS were applied as the independent variables. The entire model of regression analysis was established to be significant and revealed that cost-effectiveness, open source code, supporting community, backup and restore systems, easy to integrate with other software, and freedom from licensing fee significantly influenced library professionals to adopt OSILS. Moreover, an effort has been made for the first time to evaluate significant factors for adoption of OSILS in university libraries of Bangladesh that will prompt future research on OSILS.


The processes and mechanism of porosity evolution in ore-rock granular medium during heap leaching is studied.It is concluded that the processes of porosity evolution can be divided into two stages:initialization and stabilization,and there are behaviors of coupling and feedback of reaction-transport-mechanism(RTM) during the stage of stabilization. Based on the hypothesis that the fluid head of the flow in the granular porous medium is constant, a mathematical model of porosity evolution is created for heap leaching and flow-reaction-deformation process is coupled well in this model.


In order to study effect of different smoking regime on ammonia delivery,15 domestic cigarette samples were smoked with ISO,Massachusetts and Health Canada methods,and their ammonia delivery was determined with chromatography of ions.Results showed that(1) comparing with ISO standard method,for perforated filter cigarettes ammonia delivery of blended type cigarettes increased by more than 70%,and that of Virginia type cigarettes increased by more than 25% with Massachusetts method adopted,while under same condition save with Health Canada method,that of blended type cigarette increased by more than 100%,Virginia type cigarettes increased by more than 40%.(2) As for unperforated filter cigarettes,ammonia delivery with Massachusetts method was in line with Health Canada,and increased by more than 30% comparing with ISO method.


Antibiotics have been used for chemotherapeutic purpose from the early part of the 19 century. The development of antibiotics decreased the mortality among the human and animals leading to a better life expectancy. But the injudicious use of antimicrobials and selection pressure the microbes have developed resistance which became more prominent during last few decades. With the evolution of Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Hospital-acquired MRSA, Community-acquired MRSA and MDR TB (Multidrug resistant tuberculosis) challenge for the clinicians have increased to a greater extent. Recent development in nanotechnology based drug delivery system may prove to be solution for combating these resistance bacteria. However policies and regulations for antibiotic use should be formulated to control the further development of resistance among the microbes.


Columbia University adopted cap and gown early in its history and embraced them earnestly. Its second president made gowns mandatory on campus every day, a practice that lasted until the American Revolution in 1776. They were still worn to commencements through most of the nineteenth century, their popularity ebbing and flowing, until Columbia established its own rules for academic dress in 1887, which included a scarlet gown for doctors on ceremonial occasions. It was the second coloured gown in use within the Ivy League, after Pennsylvania. Several years later, Columbia's president hosted the meetings that led to the modern Code. The university adhered to it for sixty-eight years, longer than many of its Ivy League peers, although it tried three times to depart from it only to have each scheme defeated. Its current academic dress, which provides for gowns in a shade of medium blue for all degrees, can trace its history to the days when it was King's College in the British province of New York. Housed in a room of Trinity Church at the foot of Wall Street, King's College started teaching its first eight students in July 1754 and received its charter from the royal governor of New York on 31 October 1754. At its second commencement, in 1760, a newspaper reported that 'the Students and Candidates dressed in their Gowns, and uncovered, proceeded to St. George's Chapel ...'.1 This marks the earliest mention of King's College students wearing academic dress. A newspaper account of King's first commencement, in 1758,2 mentioned that the procession included 'the Candidates for Bachelor's and Master's Degrees, with their Heads uncovered ... '.3 Although this description suggests a lack of apparel, it could be understood to refer to gowns without caps in the light of the tradition of


An anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell(MFC)(40 mm in diameter and 600 mm in height),was employed to investigate the effect of the fluidization parameters on the electrogenesis capacity of the MFC.Waste water and active carbon were used as liquid and solid phase,respectively.The fuel cell was started up successfully using anaerobic activated sludge as inoculum.In this test,the initial generating voltage approached 200 mV,sharply increased after 80 h,and 700~900 mV was obtained after 100 h or longer.The polarization curve and power density-current curve indicate that the power density increased with the increasing of circulating liquid velocity in the fixed bed MFC.The vertex power density reached 220 mW·m -3 when the active carbon was fluidized in the MFC,which was 120 mW·m -3 in the fixed bed.A series of experiments demonstrated that the electrogenesis capacity improved in the fluidized bed MFC over the packed bed MFC,which is attributed to the improved mass transfer and the increased reaction rate in the fluidized bed MFC.


Objective To observe the effects of mustard seed extract(MSE) on human colorectal cancer SW480 cellular apoptosis,primarily explore its possible mechanism.Methods Take cell culture in vitro.The effects of MSE on cell proliferation were observed by CCK-8 method in vitro.The morphologic changes of apoptosis cell were evaluated by Hoechest33258 fluorescent staining.The cell apoptosis was tested by flow cytometer,and the activity of Caspase-3 was tested by Caspase-3 fluorometric assay kit.Results MSE exhibited a marked anti-proliferative effect on SW480 cells within the concentration from 0.2 to 1.0 mg/ml and the time from 24 to 72 hours(P0.01).The apoptotic ratio was dose-dependant in 24 hours.The activity of Caspase-3 had a significant increase compared to the control group in 24 hours(P0.05).Conclusions MSE can inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cell effectively.The effect may be correlated with the tumor cell apoptosis and the Caspase-3 activity induced by MSE


Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to examine the response of monolayers composed of alkyne chains, which contain diacetylene moieties, to compression and shear. The simulations show that both compression and shear result in cross-linking, or polymerization, between chains. Irregular polymerization patterns appear among the carbon backbones. The vertical positioning of the diacetylene moieties within the alkyne chains (spacer length) and the sliding direction have an influence on the pattern of cross-linking and friction. In addition, chemical reactions between the chains of the monolayer and the amorphous carbon tip occur when diacetylene moieties are located at the ends of the chains closest to the tip. These adhesive interactions increase friction.


Oxide and metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles are widely used in various applications. A simple yet general approach for modifying MO surfaces using polar compounds in a non-polar but polarizable solvent is presented. Molecular adsorption onto the MO surface is based on dipole-dipole interactions while solvation relies on induced-dipole-dipole interactions.


There is not only target echo but also noise,clutter,and radio frequency interference(RFI) within through the wall radar echoes.A novel target echo enhancement method with amplitude weighting strategy along two-dimensional time domain data is proposed and two realization algorithms are carried out.Based on cross-shape sliding window processing,the method utilizes both fast and slow time domain echo within the sliding window to calculate weighted coefficients,and adjusts amplitude of overlap data between fast and slow time domain in order to improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR) and the signal to clutter ratio(SCR).Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the method can enhance target echo effectively with just once or twice weighting processing when the sum of between echo signal to clutter and noise ratio(SCNR) in fast time domain and that in slow time domain is above 0dB.Experimental results indicate that the method can decrease residual coupling,enhance amplitude of target echo,and be helpful to target detection and signature extraction.


This essay briefly states the necessity and possibility of the genesis of meanwhile massive PE and its patterns and methods.It makes beneficial fiscussion about the trend and problems of modern PE.


Optimum irradiation conditions in laser isotope separation of tritium were investigated experimentally by using trifluoromethane from the viewpoint of the energy efficiency in product formation. The absorbed energy eabs and the fractional conversion of CTF3 per pulse qT were measured as the functions of irradiation wavenumber, laser pulse duration, laser fluence, gas pressure and temperature. The results of optimization were shown in contour maps, where the ratio of the fractional conversion of CTF3 per pulse to the absorbed energy qT /eabs was adopted as the objective function. The value of the objective function at the optimum condition was related to the maximum flow rate of the working substance attainable for given laser power.


Summary The importance of reperfusion injury in equine intestine is controversial and unclear. Large colon volvulus and small intestinal strangulation are the most devastating causes of intestinal ischemia in horses and result in severe mucosal damage, barrier dysfunction, endotoxic shock and death. Although essential for tissue recovery, reperfusion after these types of ischemia could exacerbate intestinal injury. Responses to ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) involve a series of synchronized biochemical, cellular and structural changes characterized by generation of reactive oxygen metabolites, activation of immune cells, and epithelial cell degeneration and death. The intensity of neutrophil activation and influx is central to the process of reperfusion injury and the associated inflammatory events. The classic paradigm of reperfusion injury is best displayed after the segmental hypoperfusion or low-flow ischemia model, in which arterial inflow is adjusted to 20% of normal baseline flow, and then allowed to return to normal or greater values during reperfusion. In such cases, injury during the ischemic phase is mild, compared with the reperfusion injury that follows. Although there is some evidence of reperfusion injury in equine colon and jejunum after low-flow ischemia, attempts to ameliorate this by pharmacologic means have met with only moderate success. A multimodal approach, using solutions designed to improve survival in transplanted organs, seems to hold the greatest promise, although these have not been embraced in the clinical setting. Expense and difficulties in delivery are the two most serious limitations. Recent studies to assess the effect of colonic I/R on equine pelvic flexure involved a complete ischemia model that was similar to the clinical lesion, and for periods of 1 to 2 hours of ische- mia followed by 30 minutes, 4 hours, or 18 hours of reperfusion. Ischemia caused degeneration and detachment of epithelial cells, early apoptosis, and opening of tight junctions (TJs), all of which decreased transepithelial resistance (TER) and increased mannitol flux when the tissues were studied in vitro. Autophagy was a prominent feature in epithelial cells after 1 hour of ischemia. Reperfusion was characterized by apoptosis, epithelial regeneration, and closure of TJs with improved TER and reduced mannitol leakage. Neutrophils infiltrated colonic mucosa during reperfusion, and macrophages, mast cells and eosinophils were activated during I/R. Equine colonic mucosa subjected to ischemia can repair rapidly and regain barrier integrity during reperfusion, despite intense mucosal inflammation. Recently, attention has focused on inflammation induced by intestinal handling and on remote organ responses to intestinal injury, both of which could be highly relevent to postoperative management of horses that undergo colic surgery. The use of lidocaine in a continuous rate infusion is a popular approach to ameliorate the intestinal inflammatory response after colic surgery, although there is no evidence that it has an antiinflammatory effect in horses. Recent studies on use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in horses have shown that selective cyclooxyge- nase inhibitors, such as firocoxib, might be more supportive of repair in small intestinal mucosa after ischemic injury than less selective NSAIDs, such as flunixin meglumine (FM). Similar studies in equine colon demonstrated that FM did not affect healing and barrier recovery in this organ after ischemia, so this NSAID might affect healing in different ways in these two parts of the equine intestinal tract. However, in the jejunum, the clinical relevance of the effect of FM is unknown and its postoperative benefits might well negate any minor effect on trans- epithlial permeability. Despite many years of investigation, the clinical relevance of I/R in equine colic patients is unknown. Experimental design, types and durations of I/R, differences between intestinal segments and even species differences could explain the failure to repeat the findings in laboratory animal studies. Also, endpoints to measure the response to pharmacologic prevention, problems with timing and dosages of drugs, and the relative importance of different pathways and mediators in response to ischemia could explain our failures. predominant consequences after small intestinal ischemia. (FM). FM die Heilung und Wiederherstellung der nach einer Ischämie am Kolon des Pferdes nicht beeinflusst. So scheint FM die Heilung in Dünn- und Dickdarm auf unterschiedlichen Wegen zu beeinflussen. Wie auch immer, im Jejunum ist die klinische Relevanz der Wirkung von FM weiterhin unklar und der postoperative Nutzen könnte im Vergleich zu der geringgradigen Auswirkung auf die transepitheliale Permeabilität überwiegen. Trotz mehrerer Jahre Forschung ist die klinische Relevanz von I/R beim equinen Kolikpatienten weiterhin nicht klar. Aufbau der Studien, Typ und Dauer der I/R, Unterschiede bei der Wahl des untersuchten Darmsegments und sogar Unterschiede aufgrund der Artenzugehörigkeit könnten erklären, warum die Ergebnisse bei Studien an Labortieren nicht reproduzierbar waren. Die schlechte Wirksamkeit der Medikamente könnte durch Messzeitpunkt der Wirkung der medikamentösen Prävention, durch Probleme bei Dosierung und Wahl des adäquaten Zeitpunktes der Medikamentengabe sowie durch die relative Wichtigkeit der unterschiedlichen Reaktionswege und Mediatoren auf eine Ischämie hin erklärt werden.


ABSTRACT Guided by the affect valuation theory, this study examined the relationships among tourism ideal affect (i.e. how people want to feel at tourism destinations), tourism actual affect (i.e. how people really feel at tourism destinations), and tourism satisfaction. Online surveys were conducted before and after travel, and 418 Japanese adults provided usable data. Our SEM results indicated that (a) tourism ideal affect, not global ideal affect, influenced tourism actual affect; (b) tourism ideal affect influenced tourism actual affect with matching arousal levels (high- vs. low-arousal); and (c) tourism ideal affect influenced tourism satisfaction via tourism actual affect, but only for high-arousal levels. Our research extends ideal affect to the tourism context, which has motivational force and better explains tourism experience and satisfaction than global ideal affect. Tourism federations and agencies need to know that tourism and global ideal affect is distinct, and the former predicts actual emotional experiences in tourism. Providing people with tourism experiences that match their tourism ideal affect is the key to tourism development and planning/managing tourism destinations.


"Capability" is an important conceptual tool for addressing educational inequity (EI). This paper analyzes the existing limitations of developing educational equity in China from the human capital perspective and proposes human capability approach as a way to improve it. This paper begins by a policy review on China's education equity measures, revealing a troubling emphasis on resources allocation and a "top-down" governance. In response, we propose an actionable research approach as a means to improve multi-stakeholder collaboration in educational equity reform and to further the development of student capabilities. The study also presents a case study to illustrate the process of using "capability" and actionable research methods to promote educational equity, demonstrating the necessity and effectiveness. We also note that education inequality is a delicate and complicated topic that requires joint, flexible and innovative efforts.


Objective To probe into the positive effects of the improved vaginal douche method and individual nursing intervention on colpitis patients'self-efficacy,compliance behavior and curative effect.Methods A total of 500 patients with colpitis were randomly divided into two groups:experiment group(n=250)and control group(n=250).In the control group,vaginal suppository was adopted after the regular douching and the treatment course was 7 days.In the experiment group,the improved method of vaginal douching with ozone water was carried out with 5 days one course of treatment.Meanwhile,the systematic nursing intervention was put into effect with the application of Orem's self-care theory.The self-efficacy.compliance behavior and curative effect of the two groups were all compared and evaluated.Results The self-efficacy,compliance behavior and curative effect ofthe patients from the experiment group were increased dramatically(P<0.01).Conclusions The application of the improved vaginal douche method and individual nursing intervention to patients with colpitis not only can increase the patients'self-efficacy and improve their compliance behavior,but also shorten the course of treatment and promote the curative effect.

Key words:
Colpitis; Nursing; Compliance behavior; Curative effect


The proliferation of cheap color peripherals such as printers, scanners and digital cameras, has rendered them accessible to home users who can connect them to capture color images, and print these out on a color hard-copy device such as an ink-jet printer. Color consistency between the scanned original and the printed image is a well-known problem that has been approached by various techniques. Industry standards for color-management systems attempt to provide a device-independent framework for the consistent transfer of color images between devices in a manner that is transparent to the user. These systems require the specification of device characteristics that are often unavailable for older and/or inexpensive peripherals. In this paper, a closed-loop color-matching system to achieve consistent color reproduction between an original color image and a printed copy of the scanned original, is presented. The technique is designed for home users of scanners and printers who may not have access to expensive equipment for conducting photometric measurements. The algorithm requires minimal user intervention and is computationally efficient. To perform a calibration run, a small set of reference color patches printed by the printer are scanned using the scanner. A computer program analyzes the correspondence between the printed and scanned values to generate the necessary mappings.


We present a procedure for determination of positions and orbital elements, and associated uncertainties, of outer solar system planets. The orbit-fitting procedure is greatly streamlined compared with traditional methods because acceleration can be treated as a perturbation to the inertial motion of the body. These techniques are immediately applicable to Kuiper belt objects, for which recovery observations are costly. Our methods produce positional estimates and uncertainty ellipses even in the face of the substantial degeneracies of short-arc orbit fits; the sole a priori assumption is that the orbit should be bound or nearly so. We use these orbit-fitting techniques to derive a strategy for determining Kuiper belt orbits with a minimal number of observations.


ON THE 1ST DECEMBER 1973 SPEED LIMITS (100 KM/H ON ORDINARY ROADS AND 120 KM/H ON MOTORWAYS) WERE INTRODUCED IN ITALY TO REDUCE PETROL CONSUMPTION. THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THESE AND SIMILAR MEASURES ADOPTED IN OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, AND COMMENTS ON THEIR EFFECTS ON SAFETY, SINCE IT WAS ARGUED IN SOME QUARTERS THAT THE LIMITS WHICH WERE INTRODUCED BECAUSE OF THE OIL CRISIS SHOULD BE RETAINED IN THE INTERESTS OF SAFETY. RECENT STUDIES BY AN OECD WORKING GROUP AND BY ONSER HAVE SHOWN THAT IN ALL COUNTRIES WHERE AN EFFECTIVE REDUCTION OF SPEED WAS OBSERVED THERE WAS A CONCURRENT REDUCTION RELATIVE TO THE FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF ACCIDENTS. FURTHER COORDINATED INTERNATIONAL STUDIES ARE RECOMMENDED, BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL ROAD NETWORK AND A CONTROL ROAD NETWORK, ON WHICH STATISTICAL SURVEYS ARE MADE BEFORE AND DURING THE APPLICATION OF SPEED LIMITS.


Starting from rapidly quenched NdδFe13.1B(2.05⩽δ⩽147.6) alloys and by appropriate annealing, the microstructure was tailored from strongly interacting Nd2Fe14B grains to magnetically isolated single domain Nd2Fe14B grains embedded in a nonmagnetic Nd-rich matrix (α-Nd and γ-Nd). This change in microstructure was found to have a large effect on coercivity, i.e., coercivity, μ0Hc, increases with an increase of the Nd concentration from 1.25 T in Nd2.05Fe13.1B to 2.75 T in Nd147.6Fe13.1B at 290 K. Using transmission electron microscopy, the Nd2Fe14B grains in Nd147.6Fe13.1B were confirmed to be randomly oriented platelets with the c axis normal to the plate and an average size of 100×40×25 nm. For these randomly oriented, noninteracting, single domain Nd2Fe14B grains, the coercivity was calculated using a Stoner–Wohlfarth model which included the shape anisotropy of the grains. The observed coercivity of Nd2Fe14B in such nanocomposite Nd147.6Fe13.1B alloys is ∼83% of its theoretical value.


This article concentrates on New Zealand's constitutional and cultural identity through the fascinating political meanderings between independence and dependence in political and constitutional matters that surrounded the ratification of the Statute of Westminster. New Zealand was the last of the Dominions to pass the Statute in 1947, sixteen years after it could have done in 1931 when most other Dominions did. New Zealand did not ratify this critical Act because it did not wish to appear 'disloyal' to Britain even though the 'Mother Country' had no problems with this happening. New Zealand's position mirrored the country's ambivalence between a separate national identity and interdependence moored with Britain and the Commonwealth. Though this may seem contradictory, these policies and positions accurately reflected what was perceived as New Zealand's interests. The politics and reactions of New Zealand towards the Statute of Westminster betrayed the reality that New Zealand's independence lay, in the government's mind of that era, in the country's dependence and deference to Britain whether London wanted it or not.


Erbium doped Al2O3 thin films were fabricated on quartz substrate by sol-gel method. Aluminum nitrate was used as inorganic precursor, whereas erbium was introduced as erbium nitrate. And then the layers were deposited by a spin-coating procedure. The as-deposited films, in which the erbium content was between 5 and 15 w. %, was annealed in air between 600 and 1200°C. The structure, morphology and Er-dopant concentration were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Rutherford back scattering(RBS), The photoluminescence(PL) of Er doped thin films in near infrared region was also investigated.


This paper looks at the perception of obstacles to inn vation of both multinational enterprises (MNEs) and domestic firms located in Italy. Drawing on data from the firm-level Italian CIS3, we first explore to what extent innovative be haviours are both firm(i.e. foreignversus nationally-owned multinationals, MNEs versus single domestic firms) and region-specific. We then examine whether the perception of obstacles to innovation varies among types of firms and regions. JEL Classification: O3, F23, R3


Nowadays, reducing pollutant emissions is of fundamental importance. In particular, in areas where urban public transport is carried out almost exclusively by boats, these represent the primary factors on which it is necessary to intervene. The conversion of current diesel units into hybrid-propelled ones is essential to preserve the marina and the environment in areas considered UNESCO heritage sites such as Venice. This document concerns the study of the first hybrid vessel built for garbage collection in the old town of Venice. Paying attention to the system engineering innovations and the results of the tests carried out on board, the authors present some considerations regarding the changes necessary to convert the current diesel propulsion into a hybrid one, with the aim to enable navigation in Zero Emission Mode.


We propose necessary&sufficient conditions for a sensing matrix to be s-semigood - to allow for exact L1-recovery of sparse signals with at most s nonzero entries under sign restrictions. We express error bounds for imperfect L1-recovery in terms of these characteristics. These, despite being difficult to evaluate, lead to verifiable sufficient conditions and efficiently computable upper bounds on those s for which a given matrix is s-semigood.We study their properties and limits of performance.


This chapter focuses on diamonds associated with adic spaces. The goal is to construct a functor which forgets the structure morphism to Spa Zp, but retains topological information. The chapter studies how much information is lost when applying this construction. The intuition is that only topological information is kept. A morphism of adic spaces is a universal homeomorphism if all pullbacks are homeomorphisms. As in the case of schemes, in characteristic 0 the map f is a universal homeomorphism if and only if it is a homeomorphism and induces isomorphisms on completed residue fields. In keeping with the intuition, universal homeomorphisms induce isomorphisms of diamonds. The chapter then considers the underlying topological space of diamonds, as well as the étale site of diamonds.


The article offers an account of some among the most meaningful proposals in the field of Fundamental theology appeared during the xx Century. The proposal of a transcendental theology by Karl Rahner is here examined and confronted with the aesthetic perspective developed by the theology of Revelation of Hans Urs von Balthasar. The project of Fundamental theology carried out by Rene Latourelle in tune with the Christological and Ecclesiological frame of the Second Vatican Council is also shortly described. Other influential German authors are here presented, namely Hans Waldenfels, Hansjurgen Verweyen and the theological project contained in the Handbuch co-ordinated by Max Seckler. Finally, the program suggested by the Italian theologians belonging to the School of Milan is resumed, emphasizing their specific way to address the faith-reason relationship.


The paper proposes a dominance criterion that assesses whether a seasonal outcome of a sports league is more imbalanced than another. This criterion, known as downward seasonal balance (DSB), is proposed as a strategy to measure competitive imbalance when the Lorenz criterion is inconclusive. The DSB criterion places at least as much emphasis on competitive imbalance between leading competitors as on imbalance occurring among the non-leading competitors. DSB is a novel third-order stochastic dominance defined on finite sets of evenly spaced seasonal points (seasonal grids). An empirical application provides comparisons of seasonal outcomes of the five most competitive soccer leagues in Europe.


When considering the coexistence of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and non-SDN, unified management of SDN calls for study on both the information representation and the communication pattern. This paper first proposes the use of the extension theory in order to formally define management information of SDN in a unified manner. And this paper then introduces the concept of unified manager to the communication pattern for unified management of SDN, and considers application of the queuing theory from the perspective of the basic queue and the queue spaces. Finally, simulation results validate that, proposed approach based on the queuing theory is feasible for unified management of SDN from the viewpoint of the communication pattern.


cluding the aorta was poorly visualized due to patient's weight (300 lbs). The following day, the pain got worse with no response to analgesia, and her hemoglobin dropped to 5 g/dl. The INR was stabilized with fresh frozen plasma, and was given 6 U of packed red blood cells. She underwent an emergency laparotomy for a suspected leaking aortic aneurysm. There was a huge left-sided rectus sheath hematoma and no other intraabdominal pathology. No attempt was made to disturb the hematoma. She was ventilated for 2 days in the ICU and was discharged home on day 11 postoperatively. Case 2: A 75-yr-old female was admitted to the geriatric service with unstable angina. She was put on LMWH (1 mg/kg t.i.d.). Two days afterwards, she complained of left flank pain. On examination, she was in distress although her vitals were stable. There was a left-sided abdominal tenderness and a firm, nonfluctuant or pulsatile mass in the left upper quadrant. Her hemoglobin dropped from 13.1 g/dl to 08.8 g/dl, WBC was 15.53 10/l, and the INR was 1.04. Emergency abdominal US showe d a 4 cm indiameter infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) extending into the bifurcation. In addition, there was a fluid collection in the pelvis measuring approximately 10 cm in diameter. At laparotomy for a suspected rupture AAA, there was a leftsided rectus sheath hematoma extending into the right rectus muscle just below the umbilicus. The aorta was aneurysmal but not ruptured. The hematoma was drained and no bleeding vessels were identified. She was ventilated for 2 days in the ICU, and her recovery was complicated with right pulmonary atelectasis. She was discharged home 14 days postoperatively. In conclusion, spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is a rare clinical entity. The use of the CAT scan is justified in patients with abdominal symptoms treated with anticoagulants as it often helps to confirm the diagnosis and prevents unnecessary surgical intervention in these high-risk patients.


A new approach for computing calcite scaling tendencies is described. Computed values are obtained by exactly solving the chemical equilibria expressions for calcite precipitation. To date, extremely accurate predictions of calcite scale deposition in oilfield systems have been made based on this computed scaling value. 4 refs.


Linda Marie Fedigan (1986) noted that there was a change in the structure of the family unit because of economic independence. We began to have more nuclear families. In such a step, the traditional role of women began to lose importance and both husband and wife have a role to play and start living on equal terms. But, at the same time, trade unions began to fight for equal wages and such demands were backed up by feminist movements, fighting for equal rights. There were mainly sexist laws that are to the detriment of emancipation of women, the authorities concerned were pressurized to change those obsolete laws and replace them with ones that are equal. Hamamsy (2009) discussed the waves of feminism, though, allowed for the introduction of women entering the workforce in large numbers, but this trend was in no way exclusively occurring in the United States. Around the world, as feminism became a stronger driving force and often due to looming economic pressures, women became united and fortified and became more involved and accepted in work and activities outside the home.


Abstract Hypopituitarism is a clinical syndrome caused by reduced production of adenohypophyseal hormones. The clinical manifestations of senile hypopituitarism are more complicated and a delay in diagnosis and treatment may lead to rapid development of pituitary crisis. Therefore, clinicians should be alerted to senile hypopituitarism. For patients with hyponatremia, hypoglycemia and unexplained coma, an evaluation of pituitary function should be performed. Hormone replacement therapy for patients with confirmed hypopituitarism should be standardized and unauthorized dose reduction or withdrawal is not allowed.


Wavered opening and bypass penetrating foreign investment in Chinese media market have brought a lot of problem for the country's culture safety and independency.The transition period of China's entry into the WTO will end in November 2006,the scale and speed of foreign investment in media industry are expected to be increased tremendously.Regulation of foreign investment in media industry is now urgently required.A future oriented regulation need a clear vision,clear action objectives,clear emphasizes and implement measures to guarantee the healthy development of China's media industry.


Human motion segmentation aims to extract individual motion repetitions from a continuous stream of data, typically using a single sensor modality. However, with the numerous sensor modalities available for motion measurement, it can be difficult to determine which modality is the most suitable. This paper investigates how segmentation accuracy is affected by the choice of sensing modality. Motion capture joint position, kinematic, force plate ground reaction force, centre of pressure, and joint torque features were considered, and their segmentation accuracy compared using classifier-based segmentation. It was found that joint position, joint angle, and ground reaction force produced similar accuracy values at 96%. These results suggest that raw motion capture and force plate sensor data can provide comparable accuracy to joint angles, reducing the need for computationally expensive inverse kinematic/dynamic computation and difficult parameter estimation.


With the emergence in research addressing cyberphysical systems, problems that previously were ignored or thought to be too complex, can now be investigated. A particular problem which we consider in this paper is that of environmental mapping and monitoring immediately following a natural disaster or hazardous contamination to obtain situation awareness. With the tight integration of control, computation, sensing, and communication one can create a cyber-physical system to address situation awareness in such scenarios. In this paper we present a novel application of a cyber-physical system and provide possible design challenges that must be addressed when trying to realize such a cyber-physical system.


The "Dutch Dialogues" workshops are the outgrowth of extended interactions between Dutch engineers, urban designers, landscape architects, city planners and soils/hydrology experts and, primarily, their Louisiana counterparts. David Waggonner, a local New Orleans architect, initiated this dialogue with the support of the Royal Netherlands Embassy in Washington, DC and the American Planning Association. Waggonner's efforts on behalf of "Dutch Dialogues" derive from his unwavering belief that New Orleans can survive and prosper and grow only when it gets certain fundamentals in order.


This paper focuses on multi-phase design theory as applied to traffic signals at grade intersections. It discusses how the knowledge base of an expert system for multi-phase signals enables the signal phase to adopt a more flexible design. The paper also presents an evaluation method for phasing arrangements.


This essay introduces the basic methods and the key technics of establishing the parametrized solid module of field medical chest on SolidWorks platform and how to dynamically simulate it by means of 3DS MAX. It explains how to avoid the module repetition of medical chest and to make observation of the work of its each part so as to shorten the product development period and improve its design quality.


Mathematical shapes of uncertainty Gap theorems A problem by Polya and Levinson Determinacy of measures and oscillations of high-pass signals Beurling-Malliavin and Bernstein's problems The type problem Toeplitz approach to UP Toeplitz version of the Beurling-Malliavin theory Bibliography


Synthesis, conformations and anion binding sensor studies of dipyrromethanes with their applications have been summarized. Synthesis of dipyrromethanes with strong or mild acids as catalyst have been discussed. Methods to synthesize differentially functionalized dipyrromethanes and elaboration of dipyrromethanes with suitable electrophilic reagents have also been described. Conformations of dipyrromethanes and and factors affecting the conformations are discussed in detail. Anion binding studies of dipyrromethanes and factors that influence the binding affinities are described. Applications of dipyrromethanes viz optical sensors, catalysts, high performance imaging probes and polymer electrochromic device etc have also been discribed.


This paper reports findings on new flange-to-flange moment connections for precast concrete deck bulb-tee (DBT) bridge girders. In bridge systems made of precast concrete DBT girders, the concrete deck slab is cast with the prestressed, precast concrete girders at the production facility and then shipped to the bridge site. To make the deck continuous and allow for live load distribution, a concrete closure strip is placed between the precast concrete DBT girders. The objectives of this study are to develop a moment connection for DBT bridge girders and provide experimental data on the ultimate strength of the connection system. Study parameters include identifying crack formation and propagation patterns, failure modes, and ultimate load-carrying capacities. Four moment connections were designed and six full-sized bridge panels were fabricated and loaded to failure to test the developed connections. Effects of steel reinforcement, joint width, and location of the simulated wheel load on the connection designs are discussed. A joint design is considered successful if, prior to failure, the experimental wheel load satisfies North American bridge code requirements. Data show that most of the connection designs satisfy the wheel load specifications. Results indicate that the location of the wheel load on the deck slab affects the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the developed connections. Connections typically failed due to flexure.


Working temperature, internal pressure and the creep of bolted flange joints are the direct factors that influencing the gasket stress of bolted flange joints, the tightness of the whole system will be reduced because of these factors. thus the security level of bolted flange connection will be affected. In this paper, the deformation coordination equation of bolted flange connection system, the gasket compressive and resilient performance, as well as the gasket creep equation are combined to study the effect of internal pressure on bolted flange connections under a certain bolt preload and operating temperature, the equation about the relationship of the gasket force and internal pressure is simplified, and the main objective of the work is the calculation of the time-correlated gasket force, flange rotation and gasket unloading deformation under the different internal pressure. The results show that when the internal pressure is greater, the gasket force is smaller, on the contrary, the leakage rate are greater. Through the relevant conditions, in a period of the safe operation time, the maximum working internal pressure is got when reaching the condition of corresponding level of tightness.


Deaf people have been seen in different ways throughout the history of Deaf People's Education: once considered physically disabled, now they are seen as people with special needs. This change did not occur fortuitously, as it is the result of social and political changes in our society. Among different recent projects, bilingual education for deaf people is an approach to working with these individuals, who are seen as part of linguistic minorities. The aim of this research is to investigate the modes through which deaf identities are created in the context of a reading/writing group in the Audiology clinic.


The spectrum of the kryptonlike ion Mo vii was observed from 140 to 2274 A with sliding-spark discharges on 10.7-m normal- and grazing-incidence spectrographs. Experimental energies were determined for all levels of the 4s24p6, 4s24p54d, 4f, 5s, 5p, 5d, 5f, 5g, and 4s4p64d configurations. A few levels of the 4s24p44 4d2 configuration were also found. A total of 399 lines were classified as transitions between 86 observed levels. The observed configurations were theoretically interpreted. The energy parameters determined by least-squares fits to the observed levels are compared with Hartree–Fock calculations. A revised value of the ionization energy was obtained by using the energy of the 4p55g configuration together with an isoelectronically extrapolated value of the effective quantum number n*(5g). The adopted limit is 1 013 340 ± 200 cm−1 (125.64 ± 0.02 eV).


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Implementation of laws intended to prevent commission of negative bureaucratic behavior is a challenge to most government agencies. Republic Act No. 11032, otherwise known as Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018, aims to strengthen the Anti-Red Tape Act (ARTA) of 2007 that lessens the perennial problem of bureaucratic red tape which causes graft and corruption. This study aims to determine the degree of observance on the three core components of ARTA namely citizen's charter, access to government service through frontline services, and report card survey. In addition, zero-contact policy is also observed which is an amendment to the existing law. Based on the results, the core components of Republic Act No. 11032 are always observed in the Department of Education Division of Nueva Ecija but the presence of queuing is observed regardless of the institution's effort to eliminate red tapes. The success of policy implementation can be fully achieved when coupled with a change of behavior on both part of the service providers and public clientele. Bureaucratic equity followed by inculcation of core values by the service providers with the embodiment of the norms of conduct and ethical standards contribute in the delivery of an efficient government service.


Receiving a direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS signal, to implement the DSSS acquisition, and obtaining an estimate of the frequency offset and spreading code phase, for each of a plurality of segments of the received DSSS signal, time and frequency conversion based method of correlation, tracking by using the estimated in which frequency and spread code phase, a step of continuously obtained a correlation function between the spreading code replica with the DSSS signal segment, the phase of the correlation peaks of the correlation function are obtained and it is processed by applying a phase correction results in a fine Doppler compensation correlation function is obtained, and performing a DSSS carrier tracking, by. Correlation methods of time and frequency transformation based, for each segment of the received DSSS signal, comprising the steps of obtaining a plurality of samples, and converting from the sample time domain to the frequency domain. .The


ABSTRACT What follows is a qualitative, linguistic analysis of layered comic techniques used by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant in the British comedy series Life's Too Short. Because each episode revolves round Warwick Davis, an actor with restricted growth, or dwarfism, the likelihood of taboo infringement and of consequent offence is considerable. One of the ways in which this risk is diluted in contemporary comedy is through the process of 'convolution', a multiple layering of comic effects that can attenuate offensiveness in two possible ways: either by increasing a sense of ridiculousness, or by being so tangled as to make it difficult for viewers to identify with any certainty the point of the comedy. Referring to aspects of conversation analysis like politeness and facework theory, and to facets of mediated interaction, chiefly participation framework, this paper considers how the writers exploit workplace interactions, service encounters and media interactions in the docucomedy format to multiply the convolutions round this sensitive subject.


The proposed drilling for shale gas resources in the Eastern Cape Karoo region of South Africa has triggered much debate over the potential effects of hydraulic fracturing on water resources. Herein we present results on some limnological aspects of surface waterbodies in this water-scarce region before shale gas exploration. Thirty-three waterbodies (nine dams, 13 depression wetlands and 11 rivers) were sampled in November 2014 and April 2015. Principal component analysis revealed that depression wetlands and rivers had distinct physicochemical signatures, whereas dams were highly variable in their physicochemical attributes and exhibited characteristics similar to those of either rivers or depression wetlands. Non-parametric multivariate regressions and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that landscape variables such as underlying geology, altitude and land use poorly explained the physicochemical characteristics of the sampled waterbodies. Waterbody type was the only factor that explained a significant amount of the variation in physicochemistry during both sampling events. These data need to be supplemented by water quality information from additional sites and over longer time periods, as well as supporting data relating to other aspects, such as algae and invertebrates, before they can be used as a baseline for the long-term monitoring of freshwater ecosystems in the region.


. Rural finance is an important part of modern finance, and it is also the basic element of advancing agricultural supply-side structural reform and realizing agricultural high-quality development. This paper firstly analyzes the functional mechanism of rural finance supporting "agriculture, countryside & farmers", and then expounds the transmission path of rural finance supporting "agriculture, countryside & farmers".


The invention provides a method for realizing a shared storage pool by utilizing a Linux global file system. A Linux global file system (GFS) is arranged in an SAN storage network, thereby realizing a small-scale cluster shared storage pool. According to the method, a shared storage pool for unified management, parallel reading and writing, data protection and elastic expansion can be provided for cluster nodes; SAN equipment-based cluster storage file system configures a physical storage raw device into a flexible logical storage volume group; storage space that is shared globally and is oriented to a node group is established on the logical volume group; a client mounts a GFS to a local end to realize parallel reading and writing operation on the file system; and a distributed log management system and a fault node isolation mechanism provide functions of data protection and disaster recovery for a shared storage pool.