Thoracic deformities: can the exercises be efficient in the conservative treatment? Respiration is a complex process that involves both mechanical and biochemical steps with repercussions on the whole body. The diaphragm is the major muscle of breathing, with important roles in the biomechanics of the rib cage and posture organization. However, a subject who has any static or dynamic morphofunctional disarrangement could change your respiratory function, the same way, that the opposite may be true. The spine mobility, specially thoracic region, is allowed not only the vertebrae, but also for their connection with the rib cage, which presents itself as a flexible structure that allows us scale breathes. These thorax properties - shape and elasticity- are needed for its function and makes this is easily deformable, reason why the frequency of thoracic changes are so high, especially in children. The treatment options for thoracic deformities were for the last few years limited by thoracic surgery, but currently it's only an indication planned for the most serious cases, since good results have been obtained with the conservative techniques. Exercises are used like that and the objective of this review is to present the benefits of physical activity as an alternative for conservative treatment for subjects with thoracic deformities and respiratory changes.


Visual vocabularies can be used in computer vision tasks including image classification and object recognition. Performance of methods which use visual vocabularies is dependent on multiple factors, such as the feature type used, vocabulary size and construction method. In this paper, we present an evaluation of visual vocabularies of varying sizes and four types of feature descriptors, including SIFT and SURF. We compare the performance of vocabularies constructed using k-means clustering and self-organizing (Kohonen) map. The performance of given clustering methods and descriptor types in terms of accuracy and speed is evaluated on our sign recognition method used for detecting hazardous signs in high resolution images.


Abstract In 1917, towards the end of the First World War, the Ottoman Governor of the Levant, Jamal Pasha, ordered the expulsion of the communities of Jaffa and Tel Aviv, ostensibly for their safety. Moving northwards to the Lower Galilee, the Jewish deportees' actual experiences were severe and traumatic, with many instances of great suffering, illness and death. A series of other, smaller, but no less deadly, expulsions began in the winter of 1917 following the NILI affair. In November 1917, several groups, mainly of Jews, primarily those suspected of an association with NILI, were imprisoned in Jerusalem, then moved to prisons in Damascus on foot or by train. The deportees included the Arab educationist Khalil Sakakini, and two Jews who later became prominent in the Zionist movement, N. Twersky and Yitzhak Livni. After an introduction describing the expulsion from Jaffa, this article describes the forced marches and imprisonment endured by Twersky, Sakakini, and Livni, based on their diaries.


One complicated shape high-rise building with a joint gallery is studied on a shaking table in this paper. For a 1∶25 scale tall building model, the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response of the model are analyzed. Because the distance between the mass center of it and the stiffness center of it is large, it is found that torsion vibration is main part of seismic response of the structure. Because the floor height of the one with equipment is obviously lower than that of common floor, its stiffness is greater than others, and forms a rigidity floor. It is found that the drift and the torsion response of the vicinity floors are obviously greater than that of others. There is a certain function in keeping the tine of two parts of the structure cooperating because of joint gallery's rigidity connection, Moreover, the link-beam between two parts of the structure has more effect on keeping two parts cooperating.


Abstract Measurements for the hyperfine structures of 18 classified and 21 unclassified lines of the first spark spectrum of bromine are reported. The spectrum was excited by a high-frequency electrodeless discharge in pure bromine vapour. The patterns are analysed and interval factors for fourteen terms are given.


In paper it introduced a review of modern traction vehicle drive system with induction motor drive system (PMSM with single or dual rotor drive system) or BLDC motor with different configuration of magnetic circuits. For particular part of drive system proposed a quasi intelligent control system version smart control enables multi criteria predictive control of vehicle work. In the paper presented also a selected diagnostic procedure, enables monitoring exploitation parameters, and prediction of probable failure state. For different vehicle work state realized a simulation models and crash test of exploitations failure models.


Disclosed herein is a display device and a method of outputting audio signal. The method receives a broadcasting signal, detects depth of a 3D image included in the broadcasting signal, signal-processes an audio signal inputted in correspondence with the 3D image on the basis of the detected depth, and outputs the signal-processed audio signal.


The growth of herpes virus in HeLa cells and BHK21 cells has been studied. Virus specific antigen(s) appeared earlier than new virus particles.Throughout the growth cycle more than 80% of the antigens could be separated from virus particles by centrifugation.There was a consistent alteration in the particle: infectivity ratio with time; early virus had high ratios.


Educational history not only explores the law of educational transformation,but also the cultural meaning of human educational activity.For a long time,in domestic educational history researches there existed a tendency of focusing only on scientific researches while ignoring liberal interpretation;valuing Western learning but ignoring Chinese leaning;the result has been an unbalanced knowledge structure and small influence of research achievement etc.In order to find a way out of this disciplinary developing dilemma,educational history discipline should extend from rule exploration to cultural interpretation.As the new research method requires an equal stress on science and liberal art,an enlarged cultural vision,a whole and overall view of educational history research,so we should combine the general with the expert,move from logic demonstration to value restructuring.


Funding information National Nature Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 2018YFC1901000, 51671117; National Key Research and Development Program, Grant/Award Number: 2018YFC1901000 Abstract The present work investigates the corrosion behavior of bronze materials under thin electrolyte layers (TELs) in a simulated atmospheric environment containing formic and acetic acid by electrochemical measurements as well as surface characterization. The results show that the corrosion of bronze under TEL is significantly faster than that in the bulk solution, and the corrosion rate of bronze is the highest when the thickness of TEL is about 100 μm. Formic acid is observed to be more corrosive than acetic acid. Copper formate and copper acetate hydrate appear in the corrosion products formed on the surface of bronze, suggesting that the organic acid participates in the corrosion process of bronze materials in the simulated atmospheric environment.


Because a traditional traffic accident simulation selected simulation parameters according to experience,and revised repeatedly the simulation model through modifying parameters,the simulation results had very big difference from real accident process.Especially it was difficult to determine the effect of each input parameter interval on simulation result.Those caused the result to lack the credibility and the persuasive ability.Here,how to integrate the traffic accident simulation and the optimized computation into the accident simulation result to perform the reliability analysis and obtain the input parameter confidence interval distribution was discussed in detail.Through a car-pedestrian collision traffic accident actual case,the input parameter confidence interval analysis result indicated that in each confidence interval,the accident reappearance result reliability and the output parameter distribution conform to the collision process rule,and can reflect really the influence of the input parameter change on the reappearance result.


Objective To evaluate 3 female sexually transmitted diseases(STD).Methods 799 cases of female STD were tested by means of polyerase chain reaction(PCR) we analyzed the incidence age,types,diagnosis and treatment.Results The peak incidence was ranged from 25 to 30 years.The highest incidence was non-gonococcal cervicitis (urethritis),cervicitis type was frequently,often infertility.The treatment of condyloma acuminata key was removal of warts by laser and antiviral therapy.Mucopus and urinary irritation symptoms were the clinical features of gonrrhea.Mixed infections were common,needs to use antimicrobial agents which were effective to four pathogens.Conclusion The risk of non-gonococcal cervicitis(urethritis) is increasing,it could infect cervix,induce to infertility.It is necessary to increase the search,prevention and treatment for the STD.


This research provided strategies and improvement plans for enhancing the efficiency of Korean fisheries governance. First, through the diversification of governance types and minimization of operation resources, the inefficiency of the existing control governance should be handled in a supplementary manner. Second, in order to cope with the complexity and uncertain ecological issues of the fisheries governance regime, the empirical and ecological knowledge that fishermen have should be managed and informative. By doing so, efficient governance should be established. Third, the government, fishermen, and groups should share governance resources and fisheries responsibilities. Fourth, focusing on fisheries-related implementation parties, the government, fishermen, and groups should build mutual confidence regarding governance. Based on such strategies, the following improvement plans can be devised: First, efficiency and availability in governance should be secured. Second, convenience and economic feasibility in fisheries should be maintained. Third, the creation of proper resources zones should be promoted. The maximization of resources zones in fisheries is the ultimate goal in fisheries management, functioning as a criterion for the reasonable use of resources. Lastly, the external effects on fisheries, especially, uneconomical ones, should be minimized.


Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are clinical syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Although distinct diseases, they have in common cognitive and behavioural changes, including personality, motivation and executive function. This phenotypic overlap between bvFTD and PSP is reflected in the MDS‐2017 criteria for the PSP‐F subtype (Höglinger et al., 2017), and frequent parkinsonism seen in bvFTD (Rowe, 2019). This study uses ultra‐high field MRI to identify the atrophy patterns in bvFTD and PSP, complementing neurochemical insights from spectroscopy (Murley, 2020).


During a period when microcomputers assumed a major role in contemporary society, there appears to have been a small but statistically insignificant percentage increase among schools that either required computer programming or made it available. The overall pattern for the types of languages taught did not change, but there was significantly more use made of the languages BASIC and Pascal, and less of PL/I and COBOL. There was little reported use of string-manipulation languages such as SNOBOL in the more recent survey, and dBASE and Prolog were mentioned for the first time.


Abstract In Drosophila ananassae, female remating with respect to productivity and sperm displacement was studied by employing different mutant strains and a wild type strain. In all the experiments, the continuous confinement technique was used. The comparison of productivity between once-mated (control) and remated females reveals that the productivity of remated females is significantly higher than that of once-mated ones in all the crosses. The P2′ values (the proportion of second male progeny produced after remating) were calculated to test sperm displacement in each cross of remated females. In all the crosses, high P2′ values (0.91–0.94) were found which indicate sperm precedence of second male to mate suggesting the existence of sperm displacement in D. ananassae. Furthermore, female productivity is increased after remating in D. ananassae.


Maggie Young was originally trained as a drama teacher at Bretton Hall and spent some years with the Sheffield Adult Education Service teaching drama, movement and women's health, as well as working with some special needs groups. In 1983 she began working in a psychiatric unit as an O.T. helper in a ward specialising in addictive problems and became particularly interested in eating-problems and was soon leading groups there. Last year she successfully completed a Dramatherapy course at York. She is now training as an occupational therapist at Derby.


The teaching and learning of English as a second language or a foreign linguistic communication is practised in many non-English speaking countries globally. Special English teaching centres have been built in these states to facilitate English language reading and instruction. The centres focus mainly on the teaching and learning of the English language through the skills of reading and writing. Novel methods of teaching English using the latest technology has been embraced by many learning centres and using film adaptations are one among them. Films being excellent sources of literature and language, teaching English language can be made more interesting and efficient by the use of films which provide the students with ample opportunities and facilities for learning. The main lacunae in the learning procedure, nevertheless, is the immense array of words in English, the unfamiliar background of the students, difficulty in comprehending the words and phrases, the communication gap between teachers and pupils, and the numerous choices in the movie versions. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the perspectives of the students on the effect of using film adaptations in learninglaguage, to assess the efficacy of the film adaptations as tools in teaching literature with respect to the students. The survey was taken utilizing a questionnaire directed to measure the posture of the students in using the motion picture adaptations. The results evaluated in the study were of two types, e.g., results directly abstracted from the questionnaire and results that are evaluated based on the statistical formula applied over it to retain the actual trends in the feedback collected from the respondents in the field survey. It is evident from the current study that the students are greatly benefitted by viewing the film adaptations since films provided effective teaching and learning methods and enhanced the individual skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing. However, the small sample size, and the study being confined to a small population, generalizations are not possible


We analyze the MiniBooNE CCQE dσ/dTμd cos θμ data using a theoretical model that has proved to be quite successful in the analysis of nuclear reactions with electron, photon and pion probes. We find that RPA and multinucleon knockout turn out to be essential for the description of the MiniBooNE data. We show these measurements are fully compatible with former determinations of nucleon axial mass MA, in contrast with several previous analyses, which have suggested an anomalously large value. We find, MA = 1.08 ± 0.03 GeV. We also argue that the procedure, commonly used to reconstruct the neutrino energy for QE events from the muon angle and energy, could be unreliable for a wide region of the phase space, due to the large importance of multinucleon events.


To investigate CO 2 efflux from terrestrial soils under field conditions, manual or automated soil chambers are the most common methods. The flux-gradient approach (FGA) as an alternative method applies Fick's law to vertical profiles of soil CO 2 . The FGA uses the soil gas diffusivity to calculate vertical fluxes of soil CO 2 and the CO 2 efflux from soil. The vertical partitioning the production of CO 2 in different soil layers can be regarded as an option and an advantage of FGA as compared to chamber methods.


There are over 50 SARS‐CoV‐2 candidate vaccines undergoing Phase II and III clinical trials. Several vaccines have been approved by regulatory authorities and rolled out for use in different countries. Due to concerns of potential teratogenicity or adverse effect on maternal physiology, pregnancy has been a specific exclusion criterion for most vaccine trials with only two trials not excluding pregnant women. Thus, other than limited animal studies, gradually emerging development and reproductive toxicity data, and observational data from vaccine registries, there is a paucity of reliable information to guide recommendations for the safe vaccination of pregnant women. Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe COVID‐19, especially in women with comorbidities, resulting in increased rates of preterm birth and maternal morbidity. We discuss the major SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines, their mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety profile and possible benefits to the maternal‐fetal dyad to create a rational approach towards maternal vaccination while anticipating and mitigating vaccine‐related complications. Pregnant women with high exposure risks or co‐morbidities predisposing to severe COVID‐19 infection should be prioritised for vaccination. Those with risk factors for adverse effects should be counselled accordingly. It is essential to support patient autonomy by shared decision‐making involving a risk‐benefit discussion with the pregnant woman.


To study the mechanical behavior and energy evolution law of gas-filled deep coal, conventional triaxial compression experiments under different confining pressure and gas pressure conditions and cyclic loading and unloading experiments under different gas pressures were carried out. The failure characteristics and mechanical parameters evolution of two loading modes were analyzed. In addition, the energy density and ratio evolution law under cyclic loading was revealed, and based on these findings, an attempt was made to depict the relation of cumulative dissipated energy density and volumetric strain by fitting the experimental data. The results indicated that failure of coal is expressed as a single shear surface under conventional compression, while under cyclic loading mode, coal behaves with multi-fracture crushing failure. Mechanical parameters showed a trend of decay with increasing gas pressure, and that cyclic loading and unloading increases the bearing capacity of coal by 8–38%. The dissipated energy density and ratio grew significantly when coal entered the yield stage. In the compaction stage, the cumulative dissipated energy density rose with volumetric strain in the form of an exponential function, and it increased with relative volumetric strain as a power function.


Three-dimensional dynamic stall over an oscillating wing has been analyzed by using a compressible Navier-Stokes code. The code solved the thin-layer Navirer-Stokes equations with a second-order time accuracy for a semispan wing with 0.3048m chord, a NACA 0015 airfoil section, and zero twist Computations were made for a freestream Mach number of 0.29, a chord Reynolds number of 1.9510(sup)6 and a reduced frequency equal to 0.1. Numerical results were compared with experimental data which include the hysteresis of lift, drag and moment at various wing span. The comparison reveals the quantitative as well as qualitative nature of the three-dimensional dynamic stall.


The band structures of a pair of interacting electrons in graphene have been computed by imposing the exact Bloch's theorem to two-electron system. The electronic spectra consists of the binding ba...


Background: Out of all diabetic patients 1/4th suffer from neuropathy. Very few direct head-to-head comparisons have been done between the four most-effective drugs used for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN). We conducted an indirect network meta-analysis with an objective to compare the efficacy and safety of Gabapentin (GBP), Pregabalin (PGB), Oxcarbazepine(OXC) and Duloxetine(DLX). Methods: We searched various research databases, regulatory websites and clinical trial registries for blinded placebo controlled randomized trials assessing four drugs in DPN. RCTs which fulfilled PRISMA guidelines in which DPN was diagnosed by neurologists with duration of 4-16 weeks were included. Primary outcome was of 50% reduction in pain (measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Mean 24 hr. pain score or 11-point Likert Scale). Secondary outcome was withdrawal of participants due to adverse drug reactions. Direct comparison between active drug and placebo was done using fixed and random effect model and Odd's ratio was calculated. Bucher's and Bayesian Meta-regression Simulation Method were used for indirect head-to-head comparison between various active drugs. RevMan Version5.3.5 was used. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 12 RCTs (16 dose regimens) of Pregabalin, 2 of Gabapentin, 3(7 dose regimens) of Duloxetine and one of Oxcarbazepine met the inclusion criteria. When drugs were compared for efficacy (direct comparison) GBP (OR=3.208, p=0.066) most effective followed by OXC (OR=2.4, p=0.0248), DLX (OR=2.346, p<0.001) and PGB (OR=2.161, p<0.001). When drugs were compared for withdrawal due to ADR (direct comparison) GBP (OR=1.3818, p=0.766) was safest followed by PGB (OR=2.16, p<0.001), DLX (OR=2.469, p<0.001) and OXC (OR=4.4967, p=0.001).When indirect comparison was done for efficacy, DLX was statistically significant than PGB and OXC. (DLX vs PGB, p=0.03; DLX vs OXC, p=0.02)When indirect comparison was done for patient withdrawal due to ADR, OXC was worst. (GBP vs OXC, p=0.0001; PGB vs OXC, p=0.007; DLX vs OXC, p=0.015) When drugs were compared for individual ADRs (direct comparison) dizziness was most commonly seen with OXC (OR=9.6535, p=1.8425), headache with OXC (OR=3.8686, p=0.006), somnolence with PGB (OR=5.189, p<0.001) and nausea with DLX (OR=3.264, p<0.001).


Unexploded ordinance (UXO) presents a lethal hazard to individuals worldwide. To predict and/or simulate the performance of a seismic sonar for detecting UXO, one needs to develop a model of propagation and reverberation in the inhomogeneous seismic media. An underground seismic detection experiment was performed during fall 1998 as a part of the BBN Innovative Seismic System for Buried Unexploded Ordinance Detection and Classification program. A physics‐based model of monostatic reverberation due to the low‐directivity shear wave source pointed down was postulated. This model provides a way to (a) simulate the time series for different source‐receiver geometries and source signals; and (b) to invert the field measurements for ground parameters. Exercising the model, it was found that the observed signal due to reverberation is a function of shear wave speed (usually known), exponential attenuation, and assumed reverberation strength (often not well‐known). It was further found that under realistic assumptions for UXO detection scenario frequency‐dependent attenuation must be accounted for in the modeling. A numerical code was developed based on the same physical assumptions in order to account for nonmonostatic source‐receiver configuration. It was found that collected data are matched well by the numerical model predictions. [Work supported by SERDP.]


Terrorism came to Karachi long before September 11, 2001, much before Maulana Masood Azhar stood in the courtyard of Binori Mosque complex and announced jihad against India in January 2000.


Melting experiments on Fe3S were conducted to 75 GPa and 2800 K in laser-heated and internally resistive-heated diamond anvil cells with in-situ x-ray diffraction and/or post-mortem textural observation. From the constrained melting curve, we assessed the thermal equation of state for Fe3S liquid. Then we constructed a thermodynamic model of melting of the system Fe–Fe3S including the eutectic relation under high pressures based on our new experimental data. The mixing properties of Fe–S liquids under high pressures were evaluated in order to account for existing experimental data on eutectic temperature. The results demonstrate that the mixing of Fe and S liquids are nonideal at any core pressure. The calculated sulphur content in eutectic point decreases with increasing pressure to 120 GPa and is fairly constant of 8 wt% at greater pressures. From the Gibbs free energy, we derived the parameters to calculate the crystallising point of an Fe–S core and its isentrope, and then we calculated the density and the longitudinal seismic wave velocity (Vp) of these liquids along each isentrope. While Fe3S liquid can account for the seismologically constrained density and Vp profiles over the outer core, the density of the precipitating phase is too low for the inner core. On the other hand, a hypothetical Fe–S liquid core with a bulk composition on the Fe-rich side of the eutectic point cannot represent the density and Vp profiles of the Earth's outer core. Therefore, Earth's core cannot be approximated by the system Fe–S and it should include another light element.


Isoquercitrin was transformation from rutin by rutin-α-rhamnosidase(RhaR) produced with Absidiasp.R9g.Hydrolysate was separated from 24.0g rutin by silica gel column and 13.1g isoquercitrin was obtained.The yield was 49.4%and the purity of the product was 98.3%.


Among the most serious complications arising during anaesthesia and surgery is hypoxia. Its prevention and treatment are still great problems in modern anaesthesiology . Hypoxia produces a rapid effect on all organs and systems, primarily on the function of the central nervous system; therefore its prevention, early diagnosis and timely treatment are of major importance and must be undertaken before the operation, during anaesthesia and in the immediate postoperative period. The clinical manifestations of hypoxia are multiform : its diagnosis during anaesthesia presents certain difficulties and demands not only the assessment of clinical signs, but also EEG and ECG investigations, acid-base balance and blood-gas composition, etc. The pre-operative prevention of hypoxia in severely affected patients consists in general supporting therapy and improvement of the compensatory adaptation reactions of the organism. In the induction of anaesthesia a highly individual choice of anaesthetics is essential, as well as their dosage and mode of administration. Intubation anaesthesia with Fluothane in nitrous oxide and oxygen, in a 1 : 1 ratio, under the condition of total curarization permits operation with preservation of the compensatory reactions of the organism. Adequate pulmonary ventilation in total curarization of the organism is of great importance in the prevention and treatment of hypoxia. Observations have proved that the optimal regime for the maintenance of the inner medium of the organism is pulmonary ventilation with arterial pC0, on the level of normocapnea. For the prevention of cerebral hypoxia in reconstructive surgery of the large branches of the aortic arch a temporary clamping of one of the large


Abstract : There are two important keys to effective and cost conscious acquisition of goods and services for the Air Force: The first is a work force trained in current acquisition skills; the second is a reservoir of qualified people for entry into the acquisition career field. To enlarge the pool of qualified people and to provide training opportunities for people in the career field, our Directorate initiated action to establish an Associate Degree Program in Purchasing and Contracting at Oscar Rose Junior College. The program is now in being and a number of our people, both clerical and professional, are attending classes offered through this program. (Author)


CONSIDERING that cooperation amongst the Member States of the European Union in the field of patents contributes significantly to the integration process in Europe, in particular to the establishment of an internal market within the European Union characterised by the free movement of goods and services and the creation of a system ensuring that competition in the internal market is not distorted;


Generally, handwritten word recognition systems use script specific methodologies. In this paper, we present a unified approach for multi-lingual recognition of alphabetic scripts. The proposed system operates independently of the nature of the script using the multi-stream paradigm. The experiments have been carried out on a multi-script database composed of Arabic and Latin handwritten words from the IFN/ENIT and the IRONOFF public databases and show interesting recognition performances with only1.5% of script confusion and an overall word recognition rate of 84.5% using a multi-script lexicon of 1142 words.


This paper explores the application of regime politics approaches to state constitutional politics. I examine two case studies of assaults on state judicial power: the 1935 judicial purge in Rhode Island and Chris Christie's court packing in New Jersey today. Attention is focused on the context, successes, and difficulties both assaults faced. I offer some preliminary observations of the value of comparative state studies with particular attention on the consideration of relative institutional legitimacy in explaining the successes of assaults on judicial power.


Retrogressive development of landslides in highly sensitive clays (quick clays) may extend several hundred meters upslope from an initial landslide, and liquified slide-debris may impact buildings or infrastructure in the run-out zone. By installing wells filled with potassium chloride in quick clays, the salt migrates into the surrounding clay and increases its remolded shear strength, reducing its sensitivity. The salt-stabilized, non-quick clay volume may act as a barrier preventing backwards retrogression, thereby contributing to reducing both the area susceptible for being involved in a quick-clay landslide, and the area of the run-out zone. Installation procedures and design guidelines for salt stabilization are examined herein. Installation procedures generating temporary, very small excess pore-water pressures were tested at National GeoTest Site Tiller-Flotten. Although the benefit-to-cost ratios related to these procedures are small compared to conventional landslide mitigation measures, reducing the installation costs to less than 30 USD per m well and increasing the center distance between the wells may justify salt-stabilization as a landslide-mitigation measure. This paper describes experiences from testing safe installation procedures, evaluations of cost-benefit and environmental impact, and proposed design guidelines, introducing potassium chloride as an alternative to conventional landslide mitigation-measures in slopes with highly sensitive quick-clay deposits.


Objective To observe the inhibiting effect of rmhTNF on rat Walker-256 transplanted hepatoma used by intramuscular injection.Methods The model of hepatoma model of Wistar rats was established by walker-256 tumor implantation.The rats were randomly divided into three groups.IM groups were treated with rmhTNF1.67 or 3.33 × 106 unit,respective,and the control group was injected intramuscularly with normal saline,once a day.The tumor volume(V1 or V2) was measured by magnetic resonance imaging 11 days after implantation or14 days after injection.Results Compare with the control group,the growth of Walker-256 transplanted hepatoma in the therapy group was significantly decreased without dose-dependence.Conclusion Intramuscular injection of rmhTNF can significantly inhibit the growth of rat Walker-256 transplanted hepatoma.


Acoustic resonance in HPS lamps can be avoided by using a controlled PWM inverter and third harmonic injection. The crest factor can also be reduced by harmonic injection. This paper proposes to use of the modulation index adjustment as a method of eliminating the transformer at the output of the ballast as well as maintaining the lamp nominal power during its lifetime. An ignitor for high-intensity discharge lamps based on forced oscillation via an external periodic voltage square wave supplied by a digitally controlled inverter is also presented.


ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the adverse effect of exposure to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), diazinon (DIA) and their combination on oxidant/antioxidant status in rat erythrocytes and the ameliorating role of selenium (Se). Methods Rats were oral administered ASA at the maximum administration dose (1 350 mg/personal/d=2.5 mg/kg body weight/d), DIA at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight/d and Se at a dose of 200 µg/kg body weight/d and their combinations for 28 consecutive d. Results Administration of DIA, ASA and ASA+DIA lead to a significant increment ( P ≤0.05) in lipid peroxidation as evidenced by the increase in erythrocytes MDA levels by 61.8%, 20.79% and 105.62%, respectively. Co-administration of Se to treated rats modulated the augmentation of MDA levels. Administration of DIA, ASA and ASA+DIA lead to significant decreases ( P ≤0.05) in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes when compared to the control group. The most influence and decreases in the activities of the aforementioned enzymes were observed in the treatments of ASA+DIA by 30.53%, 43.42% and 48.31%, respectively. However, co-administration of Se mitigated the significant decreases of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities to by 14.47%, 15, 36% and 12.29%. Conclusions It can be concluded that DIA and ASA induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rat erythrocytes. The results reveal the pronounced ameliorating effect of Se in DIA and ASA intoxicated rats. It is supposed that antioxidant supplementation may be beneficial for the people using ASA for longer periods and exposure to pesticides.


Degradation of betalains (betacyanin and betaxanthin) from beet root (Beta vulgaris L.) was evaluated. Pigments purified previously were exposed individually to white light, at pH 6.1, temperature of 25°C, and were monitored spectrophotometrically by the absorbance at 537 and 465 nm respectively, over intervals of 5 h. Order, half-life (t 1/2) and rate constant (k) of every degradation were determined. Reactions followed a first order kinetic model. Betacyanin degraded less rapidly (t1/2 53 h; k: 13.1 x 10 -3 h -1 ) than betaxanthin (t 1/2 8.42 h; k: 82.2 x 10 -3 h -1 ). Under these experimental conditions, betacyanin and betaxanthin concentrations were zero at 304.5 h and 49.1 h respectively.


Ellen: Hook, yeah, like that! Since Lincoln has already written several pieces about fishing over the last several months, Ellen suggests he use some of these pieces to publish a book focusing on his fishing adventures. For the next three weeks Lincoln spends part of each school day working on his "fishing stories." Ellen returns to him several times to help him expand, revise, edit, and publish his book. The above conversation is one of hundreds from a threemonth study I conducted in Ellen Hino's classroom during writing workshop (Rynkofs, 1993). The major purpose of the study was to look at the ways this native-born teacher responds orally to students who share her own bidialectical background. Most of these students are Native Hawaiian and speak a nonprestigious dialect called Hawai'i Creole (HC) as their primary language and Standard English (SE) as their secondary language. Not only do these students speak a dialect particular to the Hawaiian Islands, but their classroom interactions can be strikingly different from those of mainstream American culture. This study addresses issues of linguistic and cultural differences in the context of what is called "writing workshop."


To improve the quality of motion segmentation,the background reconstruction and foreground mergence time control mechanism were incorporated into the adaptive mixture Gaussian background model.The background reconstruction algorithm constructed a static background image from a video sequence which contained moving objects in the scene,and then the static background image was used to initialize the background model.The foreground mergence time control mechanism was introduced to make the foreground mergence time adjustable and independent of the model's learning rate.The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the algorithm.


Significance Successful courtship and reproduction, which are at the center of evolutionary processes, involve complex interactions between neural and endocrine systems. In this study, we describe a group of neuropeptides that we have named "natalisin" (from the Latin natalis for "birth") because of their function in promoting reproduction in arthropods. Three holometabolous insects, Drosophila melanogaster, Bombyx mori, and Tribolium castaneum were examined to understand the patterns of natalisin expression and to assess the phenotype of natalisin RNAi, and revealed the functions in courtship behavior and egg production. The natalisin receptor identified here warrants expanded study to elucidate the mechanisms of natalisin in arthropod reproduction. An arthropod-specific peptidergic system, the neuropeptide designated here as natalisin and its receptor, was identified and investigated in three holometabolous insect species: Drosophila melanogaster, Tribolium castaneum, and Bombyx mori. In all three species, natalisin expression was observed in 3–4 pairs of the brain neurons: the anterior dorso-lateral interneurons, inferior contralateral interneurons, and small pars intercerebralis neurons. In B. mori, natalisin also was expressed in two additional pairs of contralateral interneurons in the subesophageal ganglion. Natalisin-RNAi and the activation or silencing of the neural activities in the natalisin-specific cells in D. melanogaster induced significant defects in the mating behaviors of both males and females. Knockdown of natalisin expression in T. castaneum resulted in significant reduction in the fecundity. The similarity of the natalisin C-terminal motifs to those of vertebrate tachykinins and of tachykinin-related peptides in arthropods led us to identify the natalisin receptor. A G protein-coupled receptor, previously known as tachykinin receptor 86C (also known as the neurokinin K receptor of D. melanogaster), now has been recognized as a bona fide natalisin receptor. Taken together, the taxonomic distribution pattern of the natalisin gene and the phylogeny of the receptor suggest that natalisin is an ancestral sibling of tachykinin that evolved only in the arthropod lineage.


: A solid infrastructure is built in part by stabilizing the soil. Strength of the earth not only bears weight of load, but also rigidity, stability, and strength of structure. A crucial component for the construction of any project is soil with sufficient bearing capacity. Construction best practices include actual classification of strength criteria. Researchers have always had a particular interest in soil stabilization, and a variety of techniques as well as numerous additives—most notably cement, lime, fly ash, etc.—have been used to stabilize soil. Utilization of marble dust powder and polypropylene fiber is main topic of interest in soil stabilization research10%, 20%, and 30% of the soil weight as well as 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of PPF soil weight were extracted as marble dust. To understand their impact on soil stabilization, many soil characteristics were investigated. OMC-MDD, CBR, and UCS are the criteria this study took into account. According to IS 2720, test was carried out. Soil having 30% marble dust produced greatest results for OMC and MDD, whereas the soil containing 30% marble dust (MD) and 0.1% polypropylene fibers (PPF) produced best results for CBR. The investigation results an acceptable and significant improvement of soil properties.


The purity of wafer surfaces is an essential requisite for the successful fabrication of VLSI and ULSI silicon circuits. Wafer cleaning chemistry has remained essentially unchanged in the past 25 years and is based on hot alkaline and acidic hydrogen peroxide solutions, a process known as "RCA Standard Clean." This is still the primary method used in the industry. What has changed is its implementation with optimized equipment: from simple immersion to centrifugal spraying, megasonic techniques, and enclosed system processing that allow simultaneous removal of both contaminant films and particles. Improvements in wafer drying by use of isopropanol vapor or by "slow‐pull" out of hot deionized water are being investigated. Several alternative cleaning methods are also being tested, including choline solutions, chemical vapor etching, and UV/ozone treatments. The evolution of silicon wafer cleaning processes and technology is traced and reviewed from the 1950s to August 1989.


1PhD student, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary Director of PhD Programs: prof. Ágoston Szél, MD, PhD, DSc 2Department of Nursing, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary Head of Department: prof. Zoltán Z. Nagy, MD, PhD 3Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary Head of Faculty: prof. Zoltán Z. Nagy, MD, PhD


They raise three points which merit further discussion. Firstly, why did we use focus groups for data collection as the audience effect inhibits individual articulation? We opted to use focus groups as we believe that the group setting can actually make people more confident about sharing information. Furthermore, focus groups allow participants to retain control, which ensured that the topics under discussion were determined by the participants rather than solely by our agenda.


By adding a passive element to a power source, an inevitable power attenuation caused by the dissipative loss occurs. It is important for some applications to reduce this undesirable attenuation. A representative example of one of these kinds of applications is impedance matching, for which we transform the source's impedance to a different preferable one with passive elements, and the attenuation is to be as low as possible. To give a visible way to design better circuits in such situations, we propose a graphical representation to understand the attenuation from the viewpoint of hyperbolic geometry. We reveal that the attenuation in logarithmic scale (typically decibels or nepers) is proportionate to the hyperbolic length of the path representing the movement of the reflection coefficient, and the constant of proportionality is determined by the unloaded Q-factor of the connected elements. Exploiting the result, we can find preferable topologies by using the Smith chart with an intuition. In addition to this graphical representation, we also reveal the lower bound of the attenuation in terms of the hyperbolic distance between the two reflection coefficients that we want to match. A new usage of the Smith chart to estimate the loss and its lower bound is given in this brief.


Cultivar Macabeo is one of the most planted white grape varieties of northern Spain. A general agreement supports many Vitis vinifera cultivars possibly being self-fertile, although this seems to be a variety-dependent characteristic. No previous information about the mating system of cv. Macabeo was found. This study aimed to analyze its mating system and to compare the in vivo fertilization process with and without artificial cross-pollination. Two treatments were performed: emasculation and cross-pollination. The seed number was counted, and pollen tube growth was observed by microscopy. The results showed that cv. Macabeo is self-fertile and selfing probably occurs before the flower opens. Pollen was found over the stigma of flowers before capfall and ovule fertilization was observed even in emasculated flowers, which suggests that germination and pollen tube growth happened in a very early flower development stage. Cross-pollination increased the presence of the pollen tubes growing inside flowers but was not necessary for fruit set. Ovule fertilization was very fast as 24 h (h) were enough for pollen tubes to reach the end of stylar canals.


22 Filed: Nov. 22, 1978 Primary Examiner-Benjamin R. Padgett Assistant Examiner-Christine M. Nucker Related U.S. Application Data Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Kenway & Jenney (63) Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 853,541, Nov. 21, ABSTRACT 1977, abandoned, Ser. No. 91444, Jun. 2, 1978. A process for rapidly detecting as little as 0.001 I.U./ml of antibiotic in a sample of liquid such as milk. The 51 int. C.? ..................... G01N 33/16; A61K 43/00; process comprises the steps of incubating the sample B63P 81/ together with a tagged antibiotic or antibiotic precursor 52 U.S. Cl. ...................................... 424/1; 23/230 B; and antibiotic sensitive cells under conditions which s 424/12; 422/61 allow antibiotic molecules to attach to receptor sites in 58 Field of Search .................... 424/1, 12; 23/230 B; or on the cells, separating the cells with immobilized 422/6 antibiotic from the remainder of the reaction mixture, and determining the quantity of tagged antibiotic on the 56 References Cited cells. The amount of tagged antibiotic on the cells is a U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS function of the quantity of antibiotic present in the sam


The aim of the present study was to identify, among the patients with failure to DAA regimen, those with a late relapse (after the achievement of a sustained virological response at week 12) and to characterize the clinical, epidemiological and virological features of these patients.


more unpacking and this book was a chance to do it, say, by contrasting the theology of the LCMS with that of mainstream evangelical views at Christianity Today, or by looking at the ways that holiness teaching in the black church differs from the mainstream liberal theology of Christian Century. The same goes for politics where conservative and liberal do not adequately capture the dynamics that may fuel assessments of a figure like Nixon. Aside from the immorality of his involvement in the Watergate scandal, Nixon's critics and supporters may have had different ideas about the privileges of the presidency, the Vietnam War, the escalation of homegrown terrorism (e.g., the Weather Underground), or even his economic policies. As it stands, Protestants in Settje's rendering either tried to explain away Nixon's lapses or used Watergate to confirm existing biases. The last nine words of the book are "they put morality first and politics a distant second." That is a fair conclusion but it also deserves elaboration. For well-educated Christians who were not some odd sect but fully carrying on their lives and churches in the normal channels of American society, to let morality set the course for their political analysis is to highlight American Protestant myopia. Instead of learning any lesson in Christian realism, whether from Augustine or Reinhold Niebuhr, American Protestants into the 1970s, as Settje makes clear, continued to judge their nation and its leader according to Christian categories. That sort of finding should render contemporary versions of white Christian nationalism in America unsurprising. At the same time, the pervasiveness of such nationalism should qualify as amazing for anyone who thinks it is a problem only for the Religious Right.


Current things in bunching tell that molecule swarm grouping (PSC) might be a precise instrument for settling distinctive bunching undertakings. This work updates a few sections of the PSC calculation and shows why and how the necessities are to be an endeavour for enhancing its proficiency and duplications of PSC. In this current work, we alluded to it as quick centroid appraisal (RCE). RCE makes effortlessness in updating of PSC rules and unequivocally decreases general computational many-sided quality by expanding the effectiveness of the molecule courses. On standard assessments with a manmade datasets which has eighty measurements and a size of 5000, Rapid Centroid Estimation variations having emphasis time of under 0.1s, which it analyses to the redundancy times of 2s for PSC and altered PSC (mPSC). On UC Irvine (UCI) machine learning datasets, RCE deviations are a lot faster than PSC and mPSC, and make groups with the greatest cleanliness and exceptionally upgrade in advancement speeds. For instance, the RCE variations are more than 100 times quicker than PSC and mPSC in view of the UCI bosom tumour dataset. It can be chosen that the RCE variations are more slender and quicker than the PSC and mPSC and that the current streamlining strategies ought to likewise expand the predominance of bunching and duplicability.


Summary
The stratigraphy of a peat bed about 1.5 m thick lying between boulder clays at Fugla Ness on North Roe of Shetland Mainland is described, and the results of analyses of pollen, spores, seeds, leaves and wood remains are presented. These analyses indicate wooded conditions, and the assemblage is considered to be of interglacial character. On the basis of floristic affinities it is equated with the closing phases of the Gortian Interglacial stage of Ireland. The most notable taxa represented include Abies, Chamaepericlymenum suecicuni, Daboecia canlabrica. Erica mackaiana, E. scoparia var. macrosperma and Picea. The phytogeographical significance of the fossil flora is briefly considered.


In traditional broadcast systems, the video services are broadcasted for all the users whose qualities are determined by the worst channel conditions. To achieve high performance gain for the users with good channel states, hierarchical modulation (HM) and scalable video coding (SVC) are proposed. Specifically, SVC provides base layer and enhancement layer videos so that the system can satisfy various requests of users, while HM improves the system efficiency by delivering both layers. In this paper, we realize the hierarchical broadcast system by the GNU Radio platform with the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). Then the simulation results, such as bit error rate (BER) and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) are presented to show that the hierarchical broadcast system can achieve better performance.


Five new species of rock-dwelling cichlids from Lake Malaŵi are described. All five species phenotypically resemble Metriaclima aurora based on the absence of a black band in the dorsal fin and occupying the rock-sand interface of the lake. Differences in overall shape, meristics, and coloration distinguish these new species from each other and from previously described species within this group. The new species Metriaclima glaucos, M. mossambicus, M. nkhunguensis, and M. xanthos originate from the Mozambique coast of the lake, while M. sciasma is restricted to Tanzanian waters.


The lattice dynamics of LaB/sub 6/ were studied between 35 and 500 K with use of 0.9-MeV proton channeling. The results of boron were correctly described in the framework of the Debye model, whereas the Einstein model was used to analyze those for lanthanum. The Einstein temperature deduced from the fit was consistent with values provided by other techniques. No evidence for anharmonic potential was found for the lanthanum. Consequently we make the suggestion that the low-temperature specific-heat anomalies of LaB/sub 6/ could have an electronic origin.


Objective To silence the expression of the human keratin 17 by RNA interference(RNAi) technology,and observe the effects on the cultured keratinocytes in vitro.Methods The mammalian expression vector,psilencer3.1-H_1 neo was used for expression of siRNA in human keratinocyte line,HaCaT.The synthetic oligonucleotides targeting K17 were annealed and cloned into the vector to transfect HaCaT,which expressing K17.Western blot studies and RT-PCR assay were testified to observe the changes of the protein and mRNA level.The cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by using flow cytometer and electron microscopy.Results K17 RNAi expression vector was successfully constructed and named psilencer3.1/K17.Compared with that of the control group,the cell proliferation of transfected group was inhibited and apoptosis was higher. Conclusion The expression of K17 has a significant effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes.The siRNA targeting keratin 17 can inhibit its proliferation and induce the apoptosis.


INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE PROBLEM The promising results of the operative treatment of otosclerosis by fenestration of the labyrinth have lately shifted the main interest of otologists from the question of the cause to the question of the therapy of otosclerosis. Nevertheless, from a scientific point of view the investigation of the causal genesis remains the central problem. Many attempts have been made in this direction, and it appears that animal experiments are most likely to bring one nearer to a solution of this difficult problem. It is the general purpose of these experiments to produce changes similar to otosclerosis in the labyrinthine capsule in certain animals. By careful analysis of all the factors concerned in the production of these changes definite conclusions might be drawn as to the genesis of the human disease. The main difficulty with which experimenters are confronted is the fact that in human


PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING POLYMERS HAVING ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY, characterized in that reacted IN WATER OR mixtures of water with water-miscible solvents, under specified conditions of temperature, time and pH carrier molecules GROUP carbonyl and hydroxyl POSITION the carbonyl, SUCH AS CARRIERS monosaccharide molecules AMINO GROUP GROUP sulfonate, SUCH AS AMINOSULFONATOS ALIPHATIC; BECAUSE once the reaction product is purified POLYMERIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL TRADITIONAL PROCEDURES, SO THIS molecular weight in the range 1.500-100.00. It has application in the pharmaceutical industry.


Semiconductor lasers with converging output beams are reported for the first time. The lasers have a low‐gain region on the center of the mesa stripe near one cleaved facet. The low‐gain region distorts the phase front of the guided light and beam convergence results. The width of the laser beam in the direction parallel to the junction plane decreases with distance from 30 μm at the facet down to 7 μm at 111 μm off the facet. Moreover, the one‐dimensional optical power density increases with distance in accordance with the decrease in beam width.


The nociceptive system of rodents is not fully developed and functional at birth. Specifically, C fibers transmitting peripheral nociceptive information establish synaptic connections in the spinal cord already during the embryonic period that only become fully functional after birth. Here, we studied the consequences of neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD, 3 h/day, P2–P12) on the functional establishment of C fiber‐mediated neurotransmission in spinal cord and of pain‐related behavior. In vivo recording revealed that C fiber‐mediated excitation of spinal cord neurons could be observed at P14 only in control but not in NMD rats. NMD was associated with a strong alteration in the expression of growth factors controlling C nociceptor maturation as well as two‐pore domain K+ channels known to set nociceptive thresholds. In good agreement, C‐type sensory neurons from NMD animals appeared to be hypoexcitable but functionally connected to spinal neurons, especially those expressing TRPV1 receptors. In vivo and in vitro recordings of lamina II spinal neurons at P14 revealed that the NMD‐related lack of C fiber‐evoked responses resulted from an inhibitory barrage in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Eventually, C‐type sensory‐spinal processing could be recovered after a delay of about 10 days in NMD animals. However, animals remained hypersensitive to noxious stimulus up to P100 and this might be due to an excessive expression of Nav1.8 transcripts in DRG neurons. Together, our data provide evidence for a deleterious impact of perinatal stress exposure on the maturation of the sensory‐spinal nociceptive system that may contribute to the nociceptive hypersensitivity in early adulthood.


ObjectiveTo study the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.Methods The protecting rate of drug on cerebral thrombus in mice,the resistivity of aggregation,blood coagulation time,blood lipid levels and blood viscosity were determined by the experimental methods of cerebral hemiplegia,platele aggregation,glasscapillary,hyperlipidemia model and acute blood stasis model.Results Cratagusscabrifolia,Cardenia jasminoides,Folium ilicis kluaingchae immatrei,Zanthoxylum nitidum,Ilexhainanensis Merr on cerebral thrombus have definite protecting effect;Folium ilicis kudingchae immaruri,Cratagation cabrifolia,Panax notoginseng on platele aggregation have definite inhibition;Ilex hainanensis,Cinnamonum cassia,Gynostemma pentaphyllum,Folium ilicis kuaingchae immaturi,Zanthoxylum nitidum,Panax notaginseng,Gardenia jasminoides have anti-coagulation;Folium ilicis kudingchae immaturi,Zanthoxylum nitidum,Cratagusscabrifolia,Ilex hainanensis Merr,Gynostemma pentapgynum,Panax notoginseng have lipid-lowering actions;Folium ilics kudingchae immaturi,Ilex hainanensis,Panax notoginseng,Cratagusscabrifolia,Gardeniz jasminiaes can improve the indexes of blood Rheology in acute blood stasis syndrome in rat.ConclusionThe results provids scientific basis for developing and using antithrombus crude drugs.


ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT History: Accepted 09 May 2020 Available Online 30 June 2020 The main purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and analyze the attitude of secondary school head teachers towards their teachers' professional ethics perspective. To achieve the objectives, six head teachers (3 males and 3 females) and twenty teachers (10 males and 10 females) were conveniently selected as participants of the study from Multan city. The data were collected through a semi structured interview protocol carrying nine questions and seven focused group discussion questions after taking appointments from the participants. The tape-recorded interviews and discussions were transcribed and thereafter the researchers made thorough examination of data in order to gauge trends of respondents' views. Furthermore, key ideas were identified, categorized and then condensed. The identified key ideas were codified and organized into themes. All the interviews were conducted in national language Urdu. Each interview lasted about 30-40 minutes. The researchers used the audio-tape for discussions but also took the written notes of the heads and their teachers. It was found that all teachers had positive attitude towards professional ethics. The study concluded that teachers who act more professionally and also aware of their duties, relatively observe teachers' professional code of ethics both in and outside the class. It was recommended that, in order to enhance teachers' knowledge of the professional code of ethics, there should be regular refresher courses programs in the form of seminars and workshops.


The effects of air pollution on allergic diseases are not yet well-understood, but recent studies have shown that proteins are efficiently nitrated by polluted air (Franze et al., 2005) and that nitration enhances the allergenic potential of proteins such as the prominent birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 (Gruijthuijsen et al., 2006). Accordingly, the nitration of proteins in bioaerosol particles such as pollen and spores by NO2 and O3 might be a reason why allergies are on the increase in areas with trafficrelated air pollution such as mega-cities and city clusters. In this study we have developed a method to determine the nitrotyrosine residue number per molecule in nitrated model proteins (bovine serum albumin, BSA; ovalbumin, OVA) by liquid chromatography coupled to UV-Vis photometry and mass spectrometry detectors (LC-DAD and LC-ESIMS). Nitration experiments were carried out by exposing proteins to synthetic gas mixtures of nitrogen dioxide, ozone, nitrogen, synthetic air and water vapor. Reaction rates were measured at different concentration levels of NO2 and O3, and rate coefficients for the heterogeneous chemical reaction were determined. The implications for atmospheric aging and chemical transformation of bioaerosol particles and their potential effects on public health will be discussed.


The design of a 2.45 GHz circularly polarized rectenna inkjet printed on paper is presented. The proposed antenna structure is a shorted ring slot with a modified ground plane where a mesh design is employed in order to reduce the required amount of silver nanoparticle ink that needs to be inkjet-printed. A meshed ground plane with 29 % conducting surface relative to a solid ground was demonstrated with a simulated gain of 2.2 dB, axial ratio of 0.6 dB at 2.45 GHz and a peak rectifier efficiency of 45 % for -15 dBm input received power at the antenna terminals.


In Switzerland, the trend of implementing individual geothermal heating solutions for domestic purposes (borehole Project ThermoProVal aims at promoting the use of shallow geothermal energy in alpine areas with a particular emphasis on the correct execution of geothermal boreholes. This is not only important to ensure sound performance of the borehole heat pump (BHP) during its life-cycle but also mandatory, as laid down in the Swiss Federal Waters Protection Ordinance. The ski resort of Verbier in the Swiss Alps is used as a case example. The study systematically compares the dimensioning of BHP based on a priori parameter values (deduced from knowledge of the local geology and the SIA 384/6 Swiss codes) with results from a posteriori values obtained from thermal response tests (TRT). First observation indicates that BHP designs are generally significantly oversized by about 30 per cent. This discrepancy is a direct result of groundwater flows at depths that are easily evidenced by mean of TRT but rarely taken into account in conventional design. Groundwater flows, despite improving the effective ground thermal conductivity, represent also a serious challenge for drilling operations, leading to overbreaks, injection washouts and increased risks due to potentially confined groundwater conditions. ThermoProVal recommends establishing a set of specific survey and drilling guidelines for the realisation of BHP in alpine geological settings with a strong focus on optimising cooperation between geologists, drilling companies, heating engineers and the authorities.


A tele-measurement experience on a DSP-based CDMA modem is presented. A brief description of the hardware and software realization is reported; the possibility to change the transmission parameters loading and running via internet on the DSP platform, different executable programs is described. In addition the possibility, that has a remote user, to obtain the measured parameters by either the DSP receiver (like Bit Error Rate, Frequency Offset between the modulation and demodulation carriers) or the measurement instruments involved in the transmission chain is shown. Finally the tele-measured performances are reported.


The long-term evolution of streams in the Shoalhaven catchment of southeast New South Wales has been a contentious issue for decades. Several authors have suggested that the Shoalhaven River was captured at the sharp eastward bend near Tallong: this has been used as evidence for the westward migration of the east Australian divide in this area. Other workers, however, have argued that capture did not occur and that the location of the divide has been stable throughout the Tertiary. A vast sheet of sediments which spread across and infill a palaeovalley network cut into a broad undulating plain in the middle Shoalhaven catchment provides a record of stream behaviour since at least the start of the Tertiary. This record shows that the Shoalhaven River and many of its tributaries have maintained almost the same courses since at least the very Early Tertiary. This provides strong evidence against the capture hypothesis. The record further suggests that during the Paleogene these streams were graded to a level within the southeast Australian highlands; their depths of incision thus cannot be used as evidence for the extent of uplift of the southeast Australian highlands during this time.


Research about fotodegradation Linear Alkyl Sulphonate ( LAS ) Surfactant by using UV 254 nm with semiconductor ZnO as photocatalyst have been done. Through photocatalysis process surfactant LAS was degradated with constructively ZnO as photocatalyst using mercury low pressure vapour lamp 254 nm as source of light. By using 20 mg ZnO and illuminated by during 1 hour with light from UV 254 nm, 40 ml LAS surfactant 10 ppm having ability to degradation until 82.12%. Otherwise if we not used ZnO as photocatalyst, LAS surfactant only have ability to degradation until 49.88%. If sunlight used as the source of the light, the ability of degradation surfactant LAS only as 77.48%. Finally, from the research that have been done we can made conclusion, fotodegration surfactant LAS with using light from UV 254 nm can be improved efficiency time and usage of its source energy if ZnO used as photocatalyst


Based on common functionality existing among different mul ti-agent systems (MAS) such as reactivity, deliberation and communication, several tools have be en built to develop MAS. Despite these efforts, most of them are targeted to specific application domains or s pecific types of agents, limiting thus their applicability. This paper describes an approach to develop MAS that aims at providing flexibility by describing common agents abstractions in a reusable manner . As a consequence, our approach supports a broader scope of MAS applications than previous efforts.


The purpose of this paper is to explore and discuss user consultation behaviour on the basis of eye-tracking data and interview data. To date the focus has been almost exclusively on the use of log fi les in Internet lexicography – an approach which is questioned in this article. The paper is based on empirical data from an exploratory eyetracking study of the user consultation behaviour of six participants and on interview data from a follow-up post-study interview of the participants. The paper elucidates and discusses the consultation behaviour in Internet lexicography and shows not only at what the participants looked, but also how they accessed lexicographic data. The paper presents a suitable method for using eye-tracking studies in Internet lexicography and advocates an increased use of this method to produce empirical data upon which additional theoretical considerations on the information and data access process can be developed. Finally, the implications for further research in user consultation behaviour are briefl y explored. 1. Internet Dictionary Usage and User Consultation Behaviour: Eye-tracking Several theoretical contributions on the usage of Internet dictionaries rely on log fi le analysis. The user's behaviour (key strokes and mouse clicks) is logged and tabulated in automatic, server-generated log fi les, and this technology has no doubt contributed to theory development and user-prompted update and revision of the content of the dictionaries in question, cf. for example De Schryver/Joffe (2004), Bergenholtz/Johnsen (2005), De Schryver et al. (2006), Bergenholtz /Johnsen (2007), Hult (2008) and Almind (2008), who all make a strong case for the use of log fi les in internet lexicography. However, log fi les only show what characters the users have typed on the keyboard and log fi les do not show where users of an internet dictionary have looked. The eye-tracking method proposed in this article is suitable for the study of the user consultation behaviour in connection with the use of an internet dictionary, and it can be used to learn more about what the user looks at, and how his eyes move and fi xate during for example search operations and processing operations. Systematically collected data, which include data on eye fi xations and eye movements, can be converted into valuable knowledge about Internet dictionary usage, and can be used in the pre-design, design and redesign phases of a dictionary project and in controlled dictionary reviews. Finally, it is argued that eye-tracking studies in Internet lexicography are important in the ongoing development of theoretical considerations on information and data access in lexicography, because eye-tracking data may help us gain insight into what users are looking for, how they access data in specifi c situations and to what extent the user profi le plays a role in user consultation behaviour. This article has three overall objectives. First, it introduces and discusses a new type of usage study designed for Internet dictionaries. Second, it demonstrates and discusses how a user of an Internet dictionary locates lexicographic data in specifi c situations and discusses the user consultation behaviour on the basis of eye-track


This Bulletin discusses the use of composted organic matter in Guam, USA. In this pilot project, compost was produced from typhoon debris, ground and mixed with: hog manure, horse manure, fish feed, chicken litter, shredded paper and other organic wastes. Mature compost was then applied to the field at a rate of; 0, 12, 24, and 48 mt/ha as a soil amendment on the eroded soils of southern Guam. Corn was planted and monitored for growth performance and yield. The paper discusses the effect of applying composted material on the organic matter content and other properties as soil quality indices.


A network communication protocol in mini-control system with SCM is established.A Non-Zero checkout-code is proposed.This paper is checked with stability and validity.


In a recursive way and by including a parameter, we introduce a family of deterministic scale-free networks. The resulting networks exhibit small-world effects. We calculate the exact results for the degree exponent, the clustering coefficient and the diameter. The major points of our results indicate: the degree exponent can be adjusted; the clustering coefficient of each individual vertex is inversely proportional to its degree and the average clustering coefficient of all vertices approaches to a nonzero value in the infinite network order; and the diameter grows logarithmically with the number of network vertices.


Theprogram for the national interpretation of the RSPO Principles and Criteria in Colombia consists of five phases, as follows: a description of the interpretation process; the results of the meeting and feedback workshops; the preparation of the National Interpretation document; identification of the support tools needed for the process, and future steps to be taken.


This chapter highlights the reports of citizen attacks against the Chinese police — focusing on the year of the Weng'an incident in 2008. It recounts the large-scale attacks on police, mass incidents, everyday violence, and provides insight into police-society conflict. The chapter also pays attention to the biggest police brutality scandal in recent years: the Lei Yang case. The case garnered so much attention that even President Xi Jinping weighed in on the matter by releasing a statement that admonished local police to adhere to the law. The chapter then reiterates how the mishandling of everyday crime affects Chinese society by feeding back into a loop of protest and dissent. It explains that police–society conflict is generally caused by unexpected situations in which the police suddenly become targets of public frustration. Ultimately, the chapter emphasizes another problem faced by frontline officers: unrealistic performance requirements by the government and the ministry.


Represented by Analects of Confucius,Chinese literary theory is always characterized by dialogue.The unique aesthetic charm as well as the particular requirement for the dissemination of the dialogue style,therefore,create distinct literary thoughts——the tanglement between the equality of the surface layer and the meanings and holy of the scriptures in the deep layer.The personal creation should be based on the limited space that the scriptures does cover,and the development of Chinese literary,thus,has been limited too.


Introduction:
 Statins traditionally have been contraindicated during pregnancy because of a theoretical risk of teratogenicity. However, emerging evidence to suggest relative safety and potential harm in contraindicating statins in high cardiovascular (CV)-risk pregnancies have led the FDA in 2021 to remove the "Pregnancy Category X" label. This has placed a heavy burden on physician-patient (pt) shared decision making in that statins "should be discontinued in most pregnant patients or consider the ongoing therapeutic needs of the individual pt, particularly those at very high risk for CV events during pregnancy".

 Methods:
 The objective of this study was to describe the current real-world characteristics of pts prescribed a statin during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large US healthcare system. Pregnant pts taking a statin were identified by a search of the electronic medical records (eMR) of Intermountain Healthcare, a system of 24 hospitals and 215 clinics in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada, between 1997 and 2021, and pregnancy outcomes determined electronically. Statin pts were matched 1:10 by age (+/- 1 y) with non-statin pts. Characteristics and outcomes were determined, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated.

 Results:
 A total of 63 statin-user pregnancies were matched to 630 controls. Stain pts had more co-morbidities and higher baseline lipids (Table 1). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were more frequent in statin users (Table 2A). However, statin use did not contribute significantly to multivariable risk prediction of miscarriage or congenital anomalies although possibly it did to eclampsia/preeclampsia (Table 2B).

 Conclusions:
 In a current real-world US experience, pts prescribed statins during pregnancy had more comorbidities and more adverse outcomes, including fetal anomalies. However, after adjustment, statin use did not contribute to multivariable risk prediction of miscarriage or congenital anomalies.


The paper presents the three secondary meanings of the rational and irrational, analysed by Mircea Florian – explaining by natural and real causes the meaningful action, which has a humane or vital finality, the life unfolding as "reasoning" and "managing", as "system" determined by an act of will, by consciousness and their opposites, respectively – as well as the main meaning of the raţional – as unity and multiplicity - and of the irrational as the absolutization of one of them, of synthesis or analysis. The study tackles also some "contemporary application" of the irrational and of the way in which Mircea Florian considers individuality, motion ( and development ) as wel as evolvement which he does not attribute to and principle. In motion and evolution coexist concepts like unity and plurality : motion is a process in which discontinuity and continuity blend, and development is "a gradual continuity of discontinuous qualities"; reason is not only inference, but also "a continuously variable interdependence of unity and multiplicity, of the identica land the different".


This paper describes the developments made towards the optimization of photonic crystal fibers using automated procedures based on Genetic Algorithms. The large amount of computations involved during the optimization process demand the usage of Grid technologies that are able to cope with these computational requirements. This paper describes the integration of a service-oriented Grid metascheduler and a Genetic Algorithm in order to create an automated tool which is able to optimize this kind of fibers. This work also provides an evaluation of these computational techniques for the optimization of the output supercontinuum (SC) spectrum generated in an optical fiber of a fixed length and fixed dispersion properties. The developed tool provides an scalable solution to this computationally intensive problem, and enable the optimization of other more complex designs.


The present invention relates to a speed-dial and capable terminals that way through the images, such as photographic images, phone number registration control section for maps with the image being displayed and the telephone number through voice input or keypad registered in the memory and .; Display one or more images are registered to the display portion, and reads out the registered phone number corresponding to the selected image of the displayed image, speed dialing control unit for automatic dialing; it characterized in that it comprises a. Speed Dial, split-screen, multi-screen.


With the rapid quantitative increase of college students at present, the absolute number of college students from poor family rises unceasingly. College students from poor family have drawn much social solicitude. Inspirational Education for college students from poor family is an important component in the students' work .The paper based on inspirational Education for college students from poor family and collegiate student work, explores effective ways and means of Inspirational Education for college students from poor family. Keywords-colleges and universities; college students from poor family; collegiate student work; Inspirational Education


ARTICLE Examining the factors that influence the intentions to adopt internet shopping and cable television shopping in Taiwan Abstract Using Rogers' diffusion of innovation model, this study attempts to compare the adoption of internet shopping with that of cable television shopping in Taiwan. Rogers' diffusion model has been criticized for its pro-innovation bias, and thus this study expects that the adoption of internet shopping will be consistent with the predictions of Rogers' model, while the adoption of cable television shopping will not. A telephone survey with 1227 valid interviews was used to collect data for this study. As expected, most findings regarding internet shopping follow the predictions of this model. However, the diffusion process in relation to cable television shopping digresses from the path predicted by Rogers' model. The detailed findings of the study are discussed in the article. cable television shopping • diffusion of innovation • innovativeness • internet shopping • lifestyles • technology adoption • technology clustering new media & society INTRODUCTION Non-store shopping includes catalog shopping, direct marketing by manufacturers or their salespeople, purchasing from vending machines and door-to-door sales, etc. Catalog shopping has been available for a long time in Taiwan, but it is still not widely accepted because Chinese people are used to examining products thoroughly before purchasing. However, internet and satellite technologies allow non-store shoppers greater opportunities for 'virtual' inspection of products, thus eliminating the 'not-seeing' barrier Taiwan's internet-using population has grown very rapidly in a very short time, in part because of government encouragement. A survey by the government's Management Information Commission discovered that more than 35 percent of the population now uses the internet (MIC survey, 2002). As more people become internet users, many companies are trying to develop their business through the internet, resulting in the rise of internet shopping in Taiwan (Kuo et al., 2001). In addition, satellite technology has had a substantial influence on non-store shopping in Taiwan. Taiwan's television market was rigidly regulated for more than 20 years, with only three terrestrial television stations dominating the market. Television shopping channels were not allowed then because frequencies were limited. Cable television was legalized in 1993 and the penetration rate rapidly increased to 80 percent by the end of 2001 (Chen, 2002; Li and Chiang, 2001). Cable television has a much larger channel capacity, which allows most cable television operators in Taiwan to include four to five shopping channels. Thus, …


1 Received for publication September 6, 1938. Approved for publication by the Director of the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. The first two authors are in the Dept. of Experiment Station Chemistry of the South Dakota State College, Brookings; the third is in the Dept. of Geology, UTniversity of South Dakota, Vermillion; the fourth was in the S. D. State Planning Board at Brookings and is now geologist with the Bureau of Agricultural Economics, Land Utilization Division, U. S. Dept. Agric., Lincoln, Nebraska. The authors wish to thank Dr. E. P. Rothrock, State Geologist of South Dakota, for making available the samples from the Irish Creek well core, and Mr. Morris Rhian and Mr. George Stanford for their assistance with the analysis of the samples for selenium. associated with soils derived from Pierre shale. Beath and his coworkers have reported on extensive investigations of the geological distribution of selenium in Wyoming formations (Beath et al., 1934a, 1934b, 1935, 1937a, 1937b; Knight and Beath, 1937). Byers (1935, 1936) has reported on the selenium content of formations from various parts of the Great Plains


Liaoning province has advanced industry and many advance talents, but it is an underdeveloped province due to its forestry and ecology compared to the aspects mentioned above. The development of the society and the economy are restrained due to the forestry and ecology of the province. Work has been done to resolve the major problems of Liaoning forestry; Under the current situation, in order to make forestry talents better and to promote rapid and sustainable progress of the Liaoning forestry and economy,raises some coutermeasures.


Effect of priming by 17β-estradiol (E2) and nonylphenol (NP) on vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis was studied in the Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. The vitellogenic response to secondary E2 and NP stimulation was assessed by VTG production from the cultured hepatocytes of mature males (in vitro) and by VTG levels in the plasma of fry (in vivo). Amount of VTG in the culture medium and plasma samples was determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. VTG was induced in the blood circulations of both treatment groups when the fish were primed with low NP (2.5 mg kg -1 ) and high NP (25 mg kg -1 ), but was undetected in control during the experimental period. Addition of NP (10 -4 , 10 -5 and 10 -6 M) or E2 (10 -5 and 10 -6 M) to media resulted in VTG synthesis in the hepatocytes of the low NP but not in those of the high NP and control in vitro experiment. Higher VTG induction was observed in the plasma of fry tilapia, which were immersed twice in NP solution (5 mg L -1 ) than once. The vitellogenic response was enhanced when the fish were secondarily immersed with NP after 80 days. These results suggest that the primary exposure of estrogenic compounds boosted the response of VTG induction after secondary exposure.


Abstract : A simple primal method is suggested for finding a route with the largest flow in a directed network. (Author)


The invention discloses a high-speed data cable with anti-electromagnetic interference, and the high-speed data cable comprises eight copper conductor pairs, wherein a second insulating layer covers the two copper conductor pairs among the eight copper conductor pairs; the other six copper conductor pairs are bonded on the second insulating layer; a polyester band layer is covered on the other six copper conductor pairs in the eight copper conductor pairs; a second aluminum-plastic composite layer is covered on the polyester band layer; the second aluminum-plastic composite layer comprises a polyester membrane layer and an aluminum membrane layer which is externally covered on the surface of the polyester membrane layer; the other surface of the polyester membrane layer of the second aluminum-plastic composite layer is coated with a low-temperature hot melt adhesive layer; a first single side of the second aluminum-plastic composite layer is provided with a folding layer; the folding layer is positioned on the upper surface of a second single side of the second aluminum-plastic composite layer; and the aluminum membrane layer of the folding layer is in electric contact with the aluminum membrane layer of the second single side of the second aluminum-plastic composite layer. The high-speed data cable disclosed by the invention can form a totally-enclosed shielding structure andcan effectively resist the EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference) interference of a total frequency range.


Seccomp, the widely used system-call security module in Linux, is among the few that still exposes classic BPF (cBPF) as the programming interface, instead of the modern eBPF. Due to the limited programmability of cBPF, today's Seccomp filters mostly implement static allow-deny lists. The only way to implement advanced policies is to delegate them to user space (e.g., Seccomp Notify); however, such an approach is error prone due to time-of-check time-of-use issues and costly due to the context switch overhead.


ABSTRACT Vanadium(IV) dioxide has emerged as a promising thermochromic material for smart window application through metal–insulator transition, which simultaneously involves an abrupt change in optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Here, Er3+ or Yb3+-codoped vanadium(IV) dioxide has been prepared by a hydrothermal and annealing process. The structure, metal–insulator transition, and upconversion luminescence characterizations have been evaluated using X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and fluorescence spectral analysis. The samples exhibit unique properties, including enhancing the intensity of upconversion emission, decreasing the metal–insulator transition temperature to 41.4°C, and emitting bright green upconversion emission along with extremely weak emission in the red region under 980 nm excitation. Moreover, green upconversion luminescence intensity increased by an order of magnitude from the low-temperature monoclinic structure of vanadium(IV) dioxide to the high-temperature rutile structure of vanadium(IV) dioxide for the first time, which will pave a new pathway for researching the application of photoluminescence in smart materials.


Medicinal plants play a key role in malaria control in Africa, especially in remote areas where health facilities are limited. Tephrosia subtriflora indigenous plant and of common use in Kenya folkmedicine, was examined in vitro for antimalarial activity against schizonts maturation of Plasmodium falciparum, the major human malaria parasite In order to assess their acclaimed potentials. The cytotoxicity estimated on mammalian cell lines, African monkey kidney (Vero), and human larynx carcinoma (HEp2) cell. The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of Tephrosia subtriflora afforded a new flavanonol, trivial name subtriflavanonol (1), along with the known compounds spinosaflavanone B (2), 3-hydroxy-di(2,2-dimethylchromene-5:6,7:8)flavanonol (3) and Mundulinol (4). The new compound 1 showed moderate radical scavenging activity against DPPH radical with IC50 value of 29.23 μg/mL. In the antiplasmodial assay, the new flavanonol together with the known compound, 3-hydroxy-di-(2,2-dimethylchromene5:6,7:8)flavanonol (3) showed good antiplasmodial activity against KSM 009 strain of P. falciparum with IC50 values of 8.8±0.2 μΜ and 1.5±0.1 μΜ, respectively.


Background: APPL2 is an endosomal Rab effector forming part of a signaling pathway linking cell surface and nucleus. Results: Crystal and solution structures of APPL2 were solved, and Rab partners were identified. Conclusion: APPL2 interacts tightly with Rab31, and APPL2 structures reveal unexpected domain motion that could have functional implications. Significance: APPL2 dynamics and interactions may be crucial for its cell signaling role. The APPL1 and APPL2 proteins (APPL (adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interaction, pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and leucine zipper-containing protein)) are localized to their own endosomal subcompartment and interact with a wide range of proteins and small molecules at the cell surface and in the nucleus. They play important roles in signal transduction through their ability to act as Rab effectors. (Rabs are a family of Ras GTPases involved in membrane trafficking.) Both APPL1 and APPL2 comprise an N-terminal membrane-curving BAR (Bin-amphiphysin-Rvs) domain linked to a PH domain and a C-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding domain. The structure and interactions of APPL1 are well characterized, but little is known about APPL2. Here, we report the crystal structure and low resolution solution structure of the BARPH domains of APPL2. We identify a previously undetected hinge site for rotation between the two domains and speculate that this motion may regulate APPL2 functions. We also identified Rab binding partners of APPL2 and show that these differ from those of APPL1, suggesting that APPL-Rab interaction partners have co-evolved over time. Isothermal titration calorimetry data reveal the interaction between APPL2 and Rab31 has a Kd of 140 nm. Together with other biophysical data, we conclude the stoichiometry of the complex is 2:2.


Background: Cisplatin is among the most widely used compound in chemotherapy for the treatment of many cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancer. Many patients with NSCLC relapse after cisplatin treatment because of resistance to this compound but the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin-resistance is still unknown. Materials and Methods: A549 cell lines were used and their molecular response to cisplatin treatment and in combinatory treatment with 3MA, LY294002 or TUDCA was explored through transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting and RT-qPCR. Results: Cisplatin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy but inhibited PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion: These results show that cisplatin induces ERS response but inhibits the PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway inducing by the way autophagy that finally reduces the signal cascade of cell death.


Objective—Recent genome-wide association studies found common variants near the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene associated with obesity. This study aimed to assess the influence of the identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs17782313 and rs17700633 on general and visceral adiposity in Europeanand African-American youth. Study design—In 1890 youth (49.1% European-American, 45.6% male, mean age 16.7 years), we examined the associations of the rs17782313 and rs17700633 with anthropometry, percent body fat (%BF), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT). Interaction of the SNPs with ethnicity or gender was investigated and haplotype analyses conducted. Results—Rs17782313 was significantly associated with weight (P=0.02) and waist circumference (P=0.03) in all subjects, and with body mass index (P=0.002) in females. In females rs17700633 was significantly associated with %BF (P=0.001), VAT (P<0.001) and SAAT (P<0.001). Rs17700633 was significantly associated with fasting insulin and HOMA, but the significance attenuated after adjustment for %BF. These findings were confirmed by haplotype analysis. No significant interactions of the variants with ethnicity were found for any of these phenotypes. Conclusions—The relatively large effect of these common variants near MC4R on general and visceral adiposity in childhood, especially in girls, could prove helpful in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of obesity in early life. Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr. Gaifen Liu Unit of Genetic Epidemiology & Bioinformatics Department of Epidemiology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands Phone: +31 50 36 15110 Fax: +31 50 36 14493 email@example.com Or Dr. Harold Snieder Unit of Genetic Epidemiology & Bioinformatics Department of Epidemiology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands Phone: +31 50 36 10887 Fax: +31 50 36 14493 email@example.com. The authors have indicated they have no financial relationship to this article to disclose, and there is no conflict of interest associated with this work. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript J Pediatr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 May 12. Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2010 April ; 156(4): 598–605.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.10.037. N IH -P A A uhor M anscript N IH -P A A uhor M anscript N IH -P A A uhor M anscript


The purpose of this master thesis is to evaluate the results from the completed SCPT (Seismic Cone Penetration Test) surveys with respect to the methods ability to estimate dynamic young´s modulus. ...


This thesis analyzes the interaction of motives and incentives and observable dysfunctional behavior of managers at the Berlin median-budgeting system. First, the thesis explains the theoretical concept of dysfunctions, as explained in the literature. Hypotheses are established to verify the significance of the theoretical assumptions, thus establishing a connection between the case-study with the general theoretical context. Thereon a single case-study of the Berlin median-budgeting system follows. The research results show that the intended incentive-functions in the Berlin median- budgeting system do not affect the head officials. The procedure rather supports dysfunctional behavior. A connection can be drawn between the results of the case study and the general theoretical assumptions. Therefore, dysfunctional behavior at the local level of the Berlin median-budgeting system can be explained with the help of explanatory models of the theoretical concept.


Based on summary and analysis of news and technical literatures of marine pod propulsor at home and abroad,this article researches key components of pod propulsor,analyzes advantages and disadvantages of marine pod propulsor.The content of this article will enlighten and guide domestic pod propulsor research,design,maintenance,repair to some extent.


Objective To evaluate the methods and the clinical effectiveness of forefoot defect repair with revascularized free ilium flap.Methods ilium flap was used by anastmosing circumflex iliaca, deep to repair forefoot defects. Results In 9 cases, the excellent and good is 8 cases, the poor is 1 case. All of the patients were followed for 6 mouths to 1 year. All of the traumatized forefoot reponded normally to support body weight and walk.Conclusions Revascularized free ilium flap is effective and ideal in reconstructing forefoot defect.


The invention discloses a preparing method of a high-density and high-purity sputtering rotation silver target material. Firstly, stainless steel is machined according to the requirement of customers, secondly, sand blasting is carried out through brown aluminium oxide, and thirdly, Cu-Al wires are used for bottoming, wherein the thickness of a bottoming layer is 0.5 mm. A laval spraying pipe manufactured through carbon tungsten alloy is used for spraying silver powder, and the structure of the spraying pipe designed through carbon tungsten is shown as the graph 1. The silver powder is spherical powder, the granularity ranges from 5 microns to 45 microns, the pressure of nitrogen ranges from 3 Mpa to 5 Mpa, the heating temperature of nitrogen ranges from 400 DEG C to 500 DEG C, and the powder conveying rotating speed is 6 RPM. Secondary acceleration is carried out on particles through the laval spraying pipe, and the particle speed is increased to range from 600 m/s to 800 m/s. By means of the method for preparing the silver target material through cold spraying, the beneficial effects of the simple technology and the compact structure are achieved. The relative density of the target material can reach more than 99.8%, the grain structure in the target material is uniform and fine, and the defective structure is avoided. The deposition efficiency is high, and the production cost is reduced.


In Bordalo, Gennaioli, and Shleifer (2012a)— henceforth, BGS (2012a)—we described a new approach to choice under risk that we called salience theory. In comparisons of risky lotteries, we argued, individuals' attention is drawn to those payoffs which are most different or salient relative to the average. In making choices, individuals overweight these salient payoffs relative to their objective probabilities. A simple formalization of such salience-based probability weighting provides an intuitive account of a variety of puzzling evidence in decision theory, such as Allais paradoxes and preference reversals. Salience theory naturally lends itself to the analysis of the demand for risky assets. After all, risky assets are lotteries evaluated in a context described by the alternative investments available in the market. An asset's salient payoff is naturally defined as one most different from the average market payoff in a given state of the world. We present a simple model of investor choice and market equilibrium in which salience influences the demand for risky assets. This model accounts for several time series and cross-sectional puzzles in finance in an intuitive way, based on its key implication that extreme payoffs receive disproportionate weight in the market valuation of assets. We focus on four well known puzzles. First, salient thinking leads to a preference for assets characterized by the possibility of high, salient payoffs that are overweighted by investors. One Salience and Asset Prices