Using a Rheometries Fluids Spectrometer (RFS II), the dynamic viscoelastic properties of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solutions in small amplitude oscillatory shear flow fields have been measured over a wide range of angular frequencies. The angular frequency dependence of the storage and loss moduli at various molecular weights and concentrations was reported in detail, and the result was interpreted using the concept of a Deborah number De. In addition, the experimentally determined critical angular frequency at which the storage and loss moduli become equivalent was compared with the calculated characteristic time (or its inverse value), and their physical significance in analyzing the dynamic viscoelastic behavior was discussed. Finally, the relationship between steady shear flow and dynamic viscoelstic properties was examined by evaluating the applicability of some proposed models that describe the correlations between steady flow viscosity and dynamic viscosity, dynamic fluidity, and complex viscosity. Main results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows: (1) At lower angular frequencies where Del, indicating that the elastic behavior becomes dominant to the viscous behavior at frequency range higher than a critical angular frequency. (2) A critical angular frequency is decreased as an increase in concentration and/or molecular weight. Both the viscous and elastic properties show a stronger dependence on the molecular weight than on the concentration. (3) A characteristic time is increased with increasing concentration and/or molecular weight. The power-law relationship holds between the inverse value of a characteristic time and a critical angular frequency. (4) Among the previously proposed models, the Cox-Merz rule implying the equivalence between the steady flow viscosity and the magnitude of the complex viscosity has the best validity. The Osaki relation can be regarded to some extent as a suitable model. However, the DeWitt, Pao and HusebyBlyler models are not applicable to describe the correlations between steady shear flow and dynamic viscoelastic properties.


A proposed protocol for evaluating the statements and identifications made by the potential victims of crimes is presented in this paper. The protocol, called HELPT, is part of a holistic approach to evaluating the testimony that takes into account all of the possible factors of influence: encoding, retention and recovery. Among these factors, the following will be relevant: a) the ability of victims to testify, as well as cognitive processes of attention, perception, memory and language; b) the specific characteristics of the offence; c) the history of the event and its consequences; d) other factors that might affect the quality and accuracy of the statements and identifications, such as the number of times the victim had to tell what happened, the methods used to obtain the story and possibilities of suggestion. The method includes specific procedures for exhaustive analysis of the testimonies and for the formulation and testing of hypotheses (Scott & Manzanero, 2015), the evaluation of the competence to testify (Contreras, Silva, & Manzanero, 2015) and the obtaining of statements (Gonzalez, Munoz, Sotoca, & Manzanero, 2013).


Abstract : This report describes research conducted by the UCLA National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST) and its subcontractor, the University of Southern California Behavioral Technology Laboratories (BTL), on performance assessment tools developed by (a) extending CRESST's knowledge mapping tool's authoring and scoring functionality and (b) providing the capability to embed a knowledge mapping assessment in simulation-based training developed by BTL. Products are described in detail including the knowledge mapping tool with authoring and scoring systems, performance-based assessments, an instructional simulation providing interactive training, and the performance-based assessments embedded in the instructional simulation.


Based on the status of coal mine goaf restoration and the theory of organic land reorganization, we take the coal mine goaf in Yulin, northern Shaanxi as an example, and how does the development of organic soil reconstruction technology affect the surface ET and ecosystem GPP. Aiming at the problems such as soil pollution and ecological environment degradation in the mined-out area of coal mines, this study uses the integrated technology of land engineering and takes "process-mechanism-test-demonstration" as the main line to carry out targeted "differential remediation" and implement it accurately., System integration, research and development of soil organic reorganization and vegetation reconstruction technology systems in coal mine goafs, respectively, to promote cross-cutting research in areas such as land engineering, restoration ecology, ecological hydrology, etc. The research on the impact of the process on regional ET and GPP has scientific guidance significance for scientifically carrying out land reclamation in coal mined-out areas, regulating land use methods, mitigating and adapting to climate change, and improving the ecological environment.


The main trends and tasks entrusted to the staff of the Department of Theoretical and General Electrical Engineering at the current stage of the development of science and education in Ukraine within the Strategic Plan of Development of the Institute of Energy and Control systems of Lviv Polytechnic National University are considered. The importance of historical inheritance of the educational and research activity of the Department, its cooperation with scientists of both domestic and foreign research institutions, and prospects of the development of the Department in the coming years are discussed


2 binders with desired properties 3 Ruowei Li1, 2, 3, Guangbo Kang1, 2, 3, Min Hu1, 2, 3 and He Huang1, 2, 3† 4 1Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, 5 Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China 6 2Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, 7 Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China 8 3Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, People's 9 Republic of China 10 †To whom correspondence should be addressed: He Huang: Department of Biochemical 11 Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 12 300350, People's Republic of China; email@example.com; Tel. 022-27409598.


The confliction between satellite IP networks performance enhanced technology and IPSec was analyzed,and multilayer IP security protocol with changeable zone was proposed.The scheme can converts traditional static zone mapping to changeable dynamic mapping and corresponding composite security relationship was constructed,so that it enables the licensed intermediate nodes address not only TCP header but also object links in terms of HTML at uplayer.Hence,the goals of TCP performance enhancement and HTTP transmission acceleration were achieved while end to end security was held.The test for CZML-IPSec shows that bandwidth overhead and processing time delay are not unacceptable.And CZML-IPSec can provide both end-to-end security and performance enhancement for satellite IP networks.


Modern open distance education goes by the teaching principle that students teach themselves and was instructed by teachers,which doesn't mean the weakness of teacher's role.In practical teaching,in-class course given by teachers is still a necessary step.In-class instruction course in open education should employ the teaching structure that combines guilding with main part,and pays the same attention to teaching as learning.And it should carry out teaching patterns,such as instruction study,case study,topic study and exercises study,and pay attention to not only the leading role of teachers but also the main part role of students.


The invention discloses a baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board. According to the technical scheme, the baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board comprises attapulgite clay gaugue, construction waste, volcaniclastic rock mixture, montmorillonite gangue, expanded perlite and cement. The baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board is prepared by the steps of: stirring the raw materials of the baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board, pressing into semi-finished baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation boards of different shapes, and packaging into the finished baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation boards after 28 days. The baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board has the characteristics of high strength, high rigidity, light weight, shock resistance, heat insulation, energy saving, sound and heat insulation, fire prevention and inflaming retardance, weather and crack resistance and water prevention. Various wastes are adopted in the raw materials massively, therefore the baking-free attapulgite construction waste insulation board has the advantages of favorably increasing the resource utilization rate, recycling waste materials, reducing the occupied land, protecting and purifying the environment, saving energy resources, lowering the production cost, and increasing the economic benefit, and is suitable for construction of wall bodies of various buildings.


The use of tubes as energy absorption structures has been prevalent for many decades and numerous studies have been done on metal and composite tubes of varying thickness, length and section geometry. This paper extends the work to hybrid tubes and presents the results of experimental work pertaining to the collapse modes and crashworthiness characteristics of hybrid tubes that were subjected to quasi-static axial compressive loading. The hybrid specimens were featured by inner mild steel tube wrapped by a material combination of glass fibres in the form of reinforcing direct roving fabric in thermosetting polyester resin. Tubes were cut at different lengths of the same circular cross-section that encompassed both classical progressive buckling and the global bending modes of failure. Particular attention was paid to the investigate effect of tube length on crashworthiness parameters and critical length to avoid global bending during quasi-static crushing of thin-walled tubes. At first, similar work was done on steel tubes to compare results obtained by hybrid tubes with plain counterparts.


The Relational Information Management System (RIM, specifically, RIM-5) is a relational DBMS [RIM82] which has a syntax that is similar to SOL/DS [AST76, DAT81], but not as powerful, i.e., nested SELECT commands are not supported. However, it and its microcomputer counterpart, MicroRIM, are still powerful DBMS's. The one area in which the RIM system falls short is in concurrency control. In order to maintain integrity, the current version locks out the entire database during update operations. This paper presents a solution to maintaining integrity in the RIM system at a much more local level.


The inverse scattering transform method has been applied to the on-resonance 3-wave explosive interaction problem. In particular, the Zakharov–Manakov problem has been solved to yield the complete ...


Neutron radiography was used to study root development in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) during and after a short period of drought. The limit of resolution (approx. 0.1 mm) of the method allows for the study of the adventitious root system in rice during the tillering stage. However the resolution is not sufficient to study development of the seminal system. Enlargement of neutron radiographs shows further details of primary root system. Thirty-six-day-old seedlings of two rice cultivars were subjected to a 4-day water stress followed by rewatering. Neutron radiography revealed dehydration and inhibition of root growth during water stress. During post-drought rewatering, the two cultivars behaved differently with regards to the secondary root growth recovery.


In fewer than twenty years, mobile phones have gone from being rare and expensive pieces of equipment used by businesses to a pervasive low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile phones now outnumber land-line telephones, with most adults and many children now owning mobile phones The mobile phone itself has also become a totemic and fashion object, with users decorating, customizing, and accessorizing their mobile phones to reflect their personality. This has emerged as its own industry. The researcher feels that the present study helps to know the perceptions of the customers and the service providers between the two major segments. i.e. rural and urban. It gives a proper idea on the customer's expectations which in turn helps in designing the various business plans to suit the customers in different segments


Huntington's disease (HD) is a heredodegenerative neurological disorder with chorea and other hyperkinetic movement disorders being part of the disease spectrum. These along with cognitive and neurobehavioral manifestations contribute significantly to patient's disability. Several classes of drugs have been used to treat the various symptoms of HD. These include typical and atypical neuroleptics along with dopamine depletors for treatment of chorea and antidepressants, GABA agonists, antiepileptic medications, cholinesterase inhibitors, antiglutamatergic drugs and botulinum toxin for treatment of other manifestations. Tetrabenazine (TBZ), a dopamine depleting medication was recently approved by the US FDA for treatment of chorea in HD. The purpose of this article is to briefly review information regarding HD and current treatments for chorea and specifically focus on TBZ and review the literature related to its use in HD chorea.


Summary form only given. Ultra-cold atomic gases trapped in optical lattices offer an unprecedented playground for studying the quantum phases of many-body systems. In particular, quantum states of ultra-cold lattice gases with spin degrees of freedom may be used to simulate quantum magnetism and to investigate physics relevant for our understanding of high-Tc superconductivity. While enormous progress has been made towards engineering such systems, achieving the regime of high-Tc superconductivity remains experimentally extremely challenging because of the low temperatures required [1].Here, we describe a new technique for the preparation of quantum spin-correlations in a lattice gas of ultracold atoms using atom-light interaction of the kind routinely employed in quantum spin polarization spectroscopy (QPS) [2], a promising technique for detecting quantum phases in lattice gases via quantum non-demolition (QND) measurement. Motivated by recent experimental work demonstrating the generation of spin-squeezing and entanglement in atomic ensembles via QND measurement [3], and by the recent extension of these ideas to unpolarized ensembles [5], we propose an alternative approach to preparing quantum spin-correlations, demonstrating that a simple modification of the experimental scheme of Ref. [4] allows for the on-demand preparation of spatial spin-correlations in a quantum lattice gas. Our method is based on entropic cooling via QND measurement and feedback, and allows the creation and detection of quantum spin-correlations, as well as a certain degree of multipartite entanglement, which we verify by deriving a novel generalization of the entanglement witness decribed in Ref. [5]. The proposed technique works with an unpolarized ensemble of non-interacting spins such as may be obtained by loading ultracold atoms into a deep optical lattice. We illustrate the procedure with examples drawn from the bilinear-biquadratic Hamiltonian, which can be modeled by a 1D chain of spin-1 atoms, showing that it is possible to prepare exponentially- and algebraically-decaying correlations, as well as spatial correlation signatures of more exotic quantum phases such as quantum criticalities.


The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of Halliwick concept of swimming on development of motor competencies of children with cerebral palsy and autism. Participants of this study were ten children with severe disabilities – cerebral palsy (CP) and autism (mean age 5.5 years). Aquatic skills were evaluated using Water orientation test (WOTA) created by Tirosh, Katz-Leurer and Getz (2008). Gross motor skills were evaluated using Gross motor function measure (GMFM) by Russell, Rosenbaum, Avery, &Lane (2002). Testing was done at the beginning and at the end of ten week Halliwick swimming intervention. Verbal evaluation was recorded after every swimming lesson. Results of WOTA testing showed improvement of aquatic skills in children with diparetic cerebral palsy by 0.64 points, in children with quadruparetic cerebral palsy by 0.76 points and in children with autism by 1.18 points. Gross motor skills improved by 4.25% in children with diparetic CP, 1.57% in children with autism and 5.20% in children with quadruparetic CP.


The article examines the history of the formation of legislative regulation of labor relations of "special subjects" of labor law of the Russian Federation — professional athletes and coaches (sports subjects), as well as the current state of legal regulation of these relations. The author comes to the conclusion that the regulatory and legal regulation of the labor activity of sports subjects in Russia has a short history, equal to about three decades: until the end of the 80s of the XX century, professional sports were not given due attention by the state, and the relations that existed in this area were not properly regulated, which hindered the development of professional sports and created threats to the violation of the rights and legitimate interests of athletes and coaches. After the collapse of the USSR, the regulatory regulation of labor relations of sports subjects went through several stages, each of which had an invaluable impact on the development of professional sports in the Russian Federation. As a result of "trial and error", a fairly extensive regulatory framework was created, which made it possible to achieve stability and legality in regulating the work of professional athletes and coaches. However, a number of legal conflicts and gaps that need to be addressed still remain.


that preaching is an anachronism in the twentieth century. Thielicke is convinced that preaching will gain its power only when there is credibility of the witnesser. His probing carries him to the center of the church's or preacher's sickness. This he sees as nothing less than the preacher's loss of faith in the risen Christ. Preaching, he states, comes to life when it is done by one whose life is centered in the gospel he preaches. The secret distrust of Christian preaching by many, Thielicke be l i e s , is the ultimate reservation " tha t the man who bores others must also be boring himself." The preacher who does not live in the "house of his own words" will not be credible.


Design and first applications of a new kind of reactor for plasma treatments or plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) processes based on dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) at atmospheric pressure are presented. Inserting a combination of two modules, gradient mixer and homogenizer, into the gas-supply line, the DBD module can be fed by a laminar gas flow featuring a concentration gradient of the precursor or another relevant gas species, oriented perpendicular to the flow direction. The generation of surfaces with a controlled gradient of physico-chemical properties by DBD-based PACVD or by surface modification is thus made possible. The new reactor concept is tested using plasma polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane, tetramethylsilane, trans-2-hexene-1-al, and glycidyl methacrylate, respectively. Main focus of the work is laid on the influence of precursor concentrations, varied along the y direction, on film thickness profiles along the gas flow direction, d(x). It is shown that two different types of d(x,y) behavior can be distinguished, depending on the roles played by metastable atoms or molecules of the carrier gas. A third type is observed when surface polymerization is dominating.


A series of angleplied graphite/epoxy laminates was fabricated from overaged prepreg and tested in tension to investigate the effects of overaged or advanced cure material on the degradation of laminate strength. Results, which include fracture stresses, indicate a severe degradation in strength. In addition, the fracture surfaces and microstructural characteristics are distinctly unlike any features observed in previous tests of this prepreg and laminate configuration. Photographs of the surfaces and microstructures reveal flat morphologies consisting of alternate rows of fibers and hackles. These fracture surface characteristics are independent of the laminate configurations. The photomicrographs are presented and compared with data from similar studies to show the unique characteristics produced by the overage prepreg. Analytical studies produced results which agreed with those from the experimental investigations.


Objective To understand and analyze the status of injuries and its status among the elderly of urban and rural areas in Hebei Province for providing scientific basis for effective intervention measures.Methods The data were from the first-time emergency patients from 2006 to 2010 in injury surveillance plots.Results A total of 8895 injuries were collected and analyzed.The results showed that there were more male cases.The sex ration of the male to female was 1.17∶1(χ2=945.32,P0.01).The leading five causes of injury were fall(36.82%),traffic injury by motor vehicles(27.31%),poisoning(13.25%),being stuck/hit by persons or objects(11.23%),and traffic injury by non-motor vehicles(5.33%) respectively.The poisoning was the first cause for the female elderly from rural areas(31.33%).Fall,drowning,choking or hanging,traffic injury by non-motor vehicles,thermal injury,and poisoning often resulted in severe injuries.The most common injured position was the head.The happening time of injuries was regular.85.93% of the intentional self-harm injuries should be monitored either in hospital or transferred to another hospital.Conclusion The major injuries among the elderly in Hebei Province were fall,traffic injury by motor vehicles,and poisoning,the incidence of injuries among the elderly in all injuries kept increasing from 2006 to 2010.It implicates that the measures should be strengthened to prevent and control injuries in the elderly.


The semantics of Java multithreading dictates all possible behaviors that a multithreaded Java program can exhibit on any platform. This is called the Java memory model (JMM) and describes the allowed reorderings among the memory operations in a thread. However, multiprocessor platforms traditionally have memory consistency models of their own. In this paper, we study the interaction between the JMM and the multiprocessor memory consistency models. In particular, memory barriers may have to be inserted to ensure that the multiprocessor execution of a multithreaded Java program respects the JMM. We study the impact of these additional memory barriers on program performance. Our experimental results indicate that the performance gain achieved by relaxed hardware memory consistency models far exceeds the performance degradation due to the introduction of JMM.


: In 2019, world society experienced the first case of a disease caused by the new coronavirus (Covid-19). This scenario has become challenging for the whole of society, but especially for health professionals, who work on the front line against Covid-19. With the current context of health systems affected worldwide, it is necessary to have access to information and knowledge about the impacts that the pandemic has caused in the lives of these professionals. This way, the objective of the present work is to provide a better understanding of the impacts of Covid-19 on the levels of psychological well-being of these professionals through the analysis of positive psychology, searches were carried out in the following databases: Scielo, Scholar Google, Virtual Library at Health (BVS) and Pubmed. High levels of stress, anxiety and depression were observed in this population and these results justify the importance of mental health interventions aimed at these people during and after the pandemic. An alternative to consider is intervention in the theoretical-practical field of positive psychology in the pandemic context, as this area seeks to develop psychological well-being and contribute to human development based on its capabilities, such as resilience. To know the mental health situation of frontline health professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic, and what consequences for health services. Integrative literature review including 8 articles, all in English and from international journals. Five of these studies were carried out in China, the others in Australia, Malaysia and Italy. Fragility in the mental health of the within the uncertainties


Abstract : This final technical report summarizes work performed at the Plasmadynamics and Electric Propulsion Laboratory (PEPL) to study the interaction of the Closed Drift Hall thruster plume with spacecraft surfaces and systems. Two basic interaction modes were investigated: (1) the influence of the plume on spacecraft surfaces in terms of erosion, contamination, and heating; and (2) the impact of the plume plasma on communication signals. An extensive spatial mapping of plasma and neutral properties to quantify particle and energy transport properties within the plume was completed, as well as a broad survey of signal attenuation and phase shift of L and Ku band radio signals. This work culminated with the development of a Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometer (MBMS) capable of discerning both the mass and energy of Hall thruster plume species, and the ion acoustic wave probe to measure the drift velocity of the plume plasma.


Fast and accurate speech recognition systems systems bring with them the possibility of designing effective voice driven applications. Efforts to this date have involved the construction of monolithic systems, necessitating repetition of effort as each new system is implemented. In this paper, we describe an initial implementation of a general spoken language interface, the Carnegie Mellon Spoken Language Shell (CM-SLS) which provides voice interface services to a variable number of applications running on the same computer. We also present a system built using CM-SLS, the Office Manager, which provides the user with voice access to facilities such as an appointment calendar, a personal database, and voice mail.


Say "cheese!" The new ASHA Leader is commemorating its inaugural year by celebrating YOU. We're putting together a book of photographs that showcase what our members do best—helping people communicate. And we want your Instagram photos to be a part of it!


Three Chinese species of Biroia Szépligeti, 1900 are recognized. Two new species, B. hirsutus sp. nov., B. baishanzuensis sp. nov., are described and illustrated. A new synonym is proposed, B. bicolor (Wang, 1984) with B. taeniocauda (Enderlein, 1920). A key to the Chinese species of the genus Biroia is provided.


A structure with ceramic wrapped by crossbedded soft and hard metal and its end intensified by a metal piece was proposed. Simulation and test show that this structure can decrease the stress of ceramic greatly,therefore,the pyrotechnics can seal gas product with much higher pressure.


Previous studies have shown that the HD3 human enterocytic differentiated colon carcinoma cell lines having low activity did not respond to diacylglycerol and basic FGF by growth and by activation of pp57 MAP kinase, but undifferentiated cell lines exhibiting high activity did. To confirm a role of in colonocyte mitogenesis, derivatives of HD3 cell line that stably overexpress a full-length of cDNA encoding the isoform of human PKC were generated. The abundance and activity of in two of the these cell lines, PKC3 and PKC8 were much higher than those in the C1 control cell line that carries the vector lacking the insert. Following exposure to diacylglycerol or basic FGF, proliferation of PKC3 and PKC8 cells increased about 50%; but this effect was not seen with the control C1 cells. Also, in contrast to the control cells, the cells displayed activation of pp57 MAP kinase when treated with diacylglycerol and basic FGF as undifferentiated cell lines did. These results provide direct evidence that which plays a key role in mitogenic responses of colon carcinoma cells to diacylglycerol and basic FGF is down-regulated in enterocytic differentiation of colon cells.


In this paper, we present a novel multiagent reinforcement learning algorithm based on Q-learning and quantum theory. As in reinforcement learning algorithm, when the number of agents or/and agent's action is large enough, all of the action selection methods will be failed: the speed of learning is decreased sharply, we try to combine the quantum theory with Q-learning, hoping that the problem will be resolved with our proposed.


Experiments on the dissociative recombination (DR) of low-energy electrons with triatomic hydrogen ions (H3+) using merged beams in storage rings are discussed, focusing on the ro-vibrational relaxation and state diagnostics of the stored ion beam, on studies of the three-body breakup following DR, and on new observations showing a variation of the DR rates during the continuous interaction of the stored ions with a cold electron beam. Linear fragmentation patterns in the three-body DR are discussed in the light of the H3 electronic potential surfaces. Measured energy dependencies of the H3+ DR rate coefficient are compared to recent theoretical predictions (Kokoouline V and Greene C H 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 012703) and a recent storage-ring measurement at CRYRING (McCall B J et al 2003 Nature 422 500).


ing manual. Recorded data elements include patient demographic variables, service dates, up to 10 diagnostic codes (ICD-10-CA) and procedure codes. One of the problems listed in a given patient's NACRS abstract must be designated as the main problem, defined as the most clinically significant reason for the client's visit to the facility. In Ontario, the reason for visit must also be recorded, which is defined as the patient's chief complaint or reason for seeking emergency medical care. Facilities submit their NACRS abstracts to CIHI where they are subject to an electronic editing system which ensures that mandatory fields are captured and data adhere to validation rules. If the data do not pass the editing system, they are returned to the facility for correction. 30 The validity of NACRS has been evaluated in a single reabstraction study of 7,500 unplanned emergency department visits at fifteen Ontario hospitals from April 1, 2004 to March 31, 2005. While a high agreement rate was observed for the selection of the patient's main problem (85.5 + 1.9%), agreement regarding the ICD-10 code selected to describe the main problem was only 68.8%. An additional finding of potential relevance when considering the use of these data for HIV case ascertainment was the under-reporting of problems for patients seen in emergency departments. In these cases, re-abstractors frequently encountered abstracts with only one diagnosis coded when multiple conditions were listed on the health record. Furthermore, a practice of 'dummy coding' was adopted by facilities in cases where the patient chart could not be found, wherein default or predetermined diagnosis codes were utilized in mandatory data fields to meet the MOHLTC and CIHI requirements for complete abstract submission within certain time frames. NACRS data have not been traditionally utilized in the validation of case-finding algorithms in the province of Ontario. This study therefore represents the first attempt to employ these particular administrative data for this specific purpose. The potential advantage of engaging with data housed within the NACRS lies in the theoretical potential of identifying marginalized individuals who lack access to a primary care provider and consequently attain a significant proportion of their medical care in provincial emergency departments. However, the aforementioned findings of the data reabstraction study suggest that realization of this potential may be difficult. Notably, it is unlikely that HIV will be coded as the main problem for most patients receiving care at an emergency department, thereby resulting in a sacrifice in algorithm sensitivity. Compounding this problem further is the finding that a single diagnosis is often


This paper aims at getting the finishing process models in HS-WEDM in gas. Using cutting speed and the roughness Ra as index, the five factors of pulse-on time, peak current, offset, pulse interval ratio and worktable feed were chosen in dry finishing. The effects of the five factors and their interaction on cutting speed and the Surface roughness Ra and empirical models for cutting speed and roughness Ra were developed by performing a designed experiment based on the central composite design (CCD) experiments, significant order influencing cutting speed and roughness were found. The results of the verification test show that Ra Regression Model and Cutting Speed Regression Model have high reliability, and can achieve significant prediction effect, more accurate mathematical models are provided for the further HS-WEDM process research.


In this paper our intention is to soundly preserve records into the cloud, with the aid of the usage of splitting statistics into numerous chunks and storing components of it on cloud with inside the route of a way that preserves statistics confidentiality, guarantees availability and integrity. The all at once superior use of cloud computing with inside the various corporation and IT industries offers new software program with low fee. Cloud computing is beneficial in phrases of low fee and accessibility of records. Cloud computing offers lot of blessings with low fee and of records accessibility via Internet. Ensuring the protection of cloud computing can be a outstanding take into account the cloud computing environment, as customers regularly preserve touchy records with cloud garage corporations, however the ones corporations additionally may be untrusted. So, sharing statistics in normal way at the same time as keeping statistics from an untrusted cloud stays a tough issue. Our method guarantees the protection and privateness of consumer touchy records with the aid of the usage of storing statistics at some point of unmarried cloud, with the use of AES, DES and RC2 sets.
KEYWORDS— Cloud computing, Data Security, Cryptography, Storage.


The presence and role of polysulfide radicals in the electrochemical processes of lithium sulfur (Li–S) batteries is currently being debated. Here, first‐principles interpretations of measured X‐ray absorption spectra (XAS) of Li–S cells are leveraged with an ether‐based electrolyte. Unambiguous evidence is found for significant quantities of polysulfide radical species (LiS3, LiS4, and LiS5), including the trisulfur radical anion S3 −, present after initial discharge to the first discharge plateau, as evidenced by a low energy shoulder in the S K‐edge XAS below 2469 eV. This feature is not present in the XAS of cells at increased depth of discharge, which, by our analysis, exhibit increasing concentrations of progressively shorter polysulfide dianions. Through a combination of first‐principles molecular dynamics and associated interpretation of in situ XAS of Li–S cells, atomic level insights into the chemistries are provided that underlie the operation and stability of these batteries.


Purpose/aim: The purpose is to get increased knowledge about how the communication had developed from the first contact online to the first meeting in real life and even after when it had turned into a real relationship. I also wanted to know why the eight women I interviewed experienced that the Internet is a good venue to meet and develop a real relationship at and if there existed any differences between those four women who were a bit older and those four women who were young. Material/method: When the purpose with this survey stood clear I decided to use interviews as the method to find out more about my subject. I decided to do eight interviews and I contacted eight women who all found their partners online that were willing to help me and answer my interview questions. I did six of the total eight interviews through MSN Messenger and the other two through the telephone. Main results: I found out that three of the older women had used e-mail and telephone and sometimes SMS communication to find out more about their soon to be partner and after that decided to meet the other person in real life. One of the older women and all four of the younger ones had used a Community and Instant Messenger to communicate with their soon to be partner, they also used the telephone and SMS to communicate with each other but Instant Messenger was the medium that dominated in their wish to communicate. Those instant messenger communications were also a difference that I came to see between how the younger and older women communicated and the fact that three of the older women told me that they had used the Internet to search for a partner while one of the older women and all of the younger ones told me they didn't search for anyone at all it just happened that they found someone and came to like that person.Keywords: Internet dating, instant messaging, Community, computer mediated communication, telephone communication, face to face communication.


Building on several international professional meetings of architects organized in Romania or abroad, this article details how various modernist principles, traditionally subsumed to Western European culture, were gradually reinterpreted as an object of policy and professional knowledge on urban space in the second and third world countries. The article analyses the dialogue between Romanian architects and their foreign colleagues. It highlights how these conversations adjusted the hierarchies and power relations between states and hegemonic centres of knowledge production. In this sense, it contributes to the recent research on the means by which the "trans- nationalization of expertise" "transformed various (semi)peripheral states into new centres of knowledge and thus outlines a new analytical space where domestic actions of the Romanian state in the area of urban policies are to be analysed not as isolated practices of a totalitarian regime, but as expressions of the entanglements between industrialization models, knowledge flows and models of territoriality that were not only globally relevant, but they also often received specific regional, national and local forms.


The sintering behavior of Ca- and Sr-doped lanthanum manganite (the preferred SOFC cathode material) is highly dependent on the relative proportion of A and B site cations in the material. In general, A-site cation deficiency increases sintered density. The effect of additions of YSZ to lanthanum manganite (to expand the reactive region at the cathode/electrolyte interface and improve thermal expansion and sintering shrinkage matches) on sintering and other properties will also be reported.


In the course of HIV infection intestinal complaints, particularly diarrhoea, are frequent. As a result of the HIV-induced immunosuppression infections with unusual viral, mycobacterial and protozoan pathogens occur. In addition usually self-limiting intestinal infections become frequently persistent in HIV-positive patients with advanced cellular immunodeficiency. Intestinal manifestation of HIV-associated neoplasm is not rare. In combination with microbiological examination of stool specimen endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract is a valuable diagnostic method, especially for the diagnosis of viral infections and neoplasm.


The red alga Chondria crassicaulis has a wide‐ranging bioactive chemical composition and is used as a local foodstuff, representing a potentially new cultivar in Korea. The cultivation techniques were developed by examining the monthly changes in frond weight in a field population of C. crassicaulis from November 2016 to October 2017. For seedling production, temperature and irradiance effects on the attachment and growth of vegetative propagules of C. crassicaulis were evaluated. In addition, effects of day length and salinity on the propagule growth were examined. C. crassicaulis is a year‐round species with a maximum frond wet weight of 817 mg observed in July 2017, as seawater temperature increases to 20°C. The attachment of vegetative propagules was significantly affected by temperature and irradiance, with maximal values detected at 20–25°C and 60 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹. The relative growth rates of vegetative propagules of C. crassicaulis were the highest at 20–25°C, 60 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹, and a salinity of 25 psu. In conclusion, due to its tremendous tolerance under variable environmental conditions, the vegetative propagules of C. crassicaulis can be used as seedlings for mass cultivation.


We present an electronic theory for calculating the heat of impurity segregation at metal surfaces by considering both the electronic contribution to the surface energy and the size-mismatch energy. The attractive part of the total energy is described by a multiband tight-binding Hartree Hamiltonian, and for the repulsive part Born-Mayer-type interatomic repulsions are assumed, which may depend on charge transfer. With simplifying assumptions about the density of states and the charge transfer, the heat of segregation and the equilibrium geometry can be obtained from an expression which depends only on the bulk cohesive energy, the bulk modulus, and the atomic size of the alloy components. Using this theory, we calculate the heat of segregation of Rh, Cu, and Au impurities on different Pt single-crystal surfaces and make a comparison with existing experimental data.


The University of Dayton recently received a grant from the Engineering Information Foundation (EiF) and National Science Foundation (NSF) to work on a project entitled Engineering Outreach to Middle School Girls. The main objective of this project was to increase female participation in engineering by providing exposure to engineering for girls during a critical time of their academic development, the middle school years. One of the easiest and most effective ways to provide this exposure is through outreach at local schools. However, sometimes engineering students and faculty are reluctant to engage in this outreach because they do not have the time or resources to develop an appropriate activity. To address this issue "pick up and go" engineering activity modules that can be used for engineering outreach were developed and piloted in mixed gender classroom and afterschool programs. Modules were developed and piloted by teams of undergraduate engineering and teacher education (pre-service teachers) students with guidance from the project principal investigators. Furthermore, they were developed to incorporate research based best practices and principles that have been found to be successful in attracting girls to engineering. The modules focused on engineering design and innovation, such that the activities encouraged team work, creativity and problem solving. Additionally, scenarios were provided as part of the activities to demonstrate the social relevance of engineering. The pre-service teachers mapped the activity modulus to the Ohio Academic Content Standards to encourage the participants to incorporate and apply topics they have learned in their science, math and language arts classes and to serve as a resource for the classroom teacher. Handouts and a website are being created to provide useful information and support to parents to help them understand how to encourage their female children to consider engineering as a possible career field. This website will also house the instruction sheets for all of the activity modules developed through this project. The efficacy of the kits were assessed using the Assessing Women and Men in Engineering (AWE) tools, through activity observation and through facilitator and teacher feedback forms. Through this project "pick up and go" activity kit concepts were developed and piloted in six classrooms and through an after school program. Teachers were very receptive to having the activities facilitated in their classrooms. The engineering student volunteers found the kits useful and easy to facilitate. Although no quantitative data is currently available from the AWE too, initial results suggest that the kits were effective in helping children gain a more positive perception of engineering and science and a better understand the field of engineering and the engineering design process.


Herein, a facile intramolecular cyclization of 2-arylamino phenyl ketones is established to supersede the traditional high temperature, strong acidic conditions and achieve 9-substituted acridines, by virtue of the combination of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) and tert-butyl bromide. This protocol can be well merged with the preceding Cu-catalyzed intermolecular Chan-Evans-Lam (CEL) cross-coupling reactions, therefore enabling pot-economic modular synthesis of 9-substituted acridines from readily available 2-amino phenyl ketones and aryl boronic acids at room temperature.


We propose the ARIES/RL which extends the with 're-logging' technique to manage the limited online 1og space efficiently even though 1ong-duration transactions exist. Re-logging isa technique that log records used in transaction rollback and restart recovery are copied forward in the log whenever the online log is not sufficient for keeping logs of on-going transactions It does not hurt the advantages of ARIES. Moreover, it handles log space efficiently in executing long-duration transactions. We also present the evaluation result of ARIES/RL and show that ARIES/RL handles online log efficiently.


Costly new treatments often set physicians and insurers at odds. To explore this dynamic, this study focused on growth hormone therapy (GHT) for


The impacts of tourism development on social and economic environment and ecological environment were analyzed in detail.Although tourism promotes the growth of economy in Gongga distribut,but the rough development pattern of tourism has caused serious pollution and damage in the fragile ecological environment and influences the sustainable development of tourism.In order to maintain the balance between the exploiting of tourism resources and the protecting of economic environment,some suggestions were measured.


Resonance Raman and IR spectroscopic measurements of the two diazene-bridged systems [{Fe'NHS4'}2(N2H2)] ('NHS4'2- = 2,2'-bis(2-mercaptophenylthio)diethylamine(2−)) (I) and [{Fe'S4'(PPr3)}2(N2H2)] ('S4'2- = 1,2-bis(2-mercaptophenylthio)ethane(2−)) (II) including 2H- and 15N-isotopomers are combined with a normal coordinate analysis (NCA) in order to describe the vibrational properties of diazene coordinated to Fe(II)−sulfur centers. Eight of the 12 normal modes of the Fe-N2H2-Fe unit have been identified by their isotope shifts. Most of the Raman-active diazene vibrations are resonance enhanced with respect to the 600 nm transition providing further support to the assignment of this band as Fe(d) to diazene(π*) charge-transfer (MLCT) transition. The force constant for the N−N bond of 7.7 mdyn/A corresponds to a N−N bond order of about 1.5 and indicates that the diazene unit is moderately activated. The force constant of the Fe−N bond of 1.8 mdyn/A is about 2.5 times as large as for a simple σ-bond. These ...


: Geometric error, thermal error and cutting force induced error account for 75% of total machine tool error, controlling these errors is the main way for improving the machine accuracy of CNC machine tools. Error compensation technology is used for reducing the volumetric errors of a two turntable five-axis CNC machine tool. In order to determine the displacement variables, temperature variables and cutting force variables required for volumetric error modeling, the main error sources of the two turntable five-axis machine tools will be analyzed, selected and optimized. According to the existing modeling methods, an optimized volumetric error model will be presented based on information fusion technology, and the influence of displacement variables, temperature variables and cutting force variables on volumetric error of the five-axis machine tool will be revealed. Finally, a volumetric error compensator will be designed for the experimental study of two turntable five-axis CNC machine tools, the compensation effect will be verified. The results show that prediction accuracy of the presented model is higher, the residual error is lower than 2 μ m, and the maximum profile error is reduced from 15 μ m to 5 μ m after volumetric error compensation.


This research aims at reconstructing Eugenio Troisi's intelectual route, in order to analyze his contribution to the cultural, political and ideological debate that accompanied the modernization of Argentina from the end of the eighties to the middle of the forties.He is a writer and journalist from Gorizia, who emigrated to Cordoba in 1889 and then established in Buenos Aires. By Reading his journalistic writings, books and personal mail we have tried to recognize which position he held in the field of ideas and the political practice, with his rich ideological and cultural background that, when he arrived, consisted of the French Naturalism, the principles of the Risorgimento and his admiration for Garibaldis' epic. In addition, it is worth to add his political experience as a member of the anarchist Franco-Italian circles.


Dasyhelea morrisoni Grogan and Wieners, new species, is described and illustrated from small islets near Staniel Cay, Exuma Cays, Bahamas, and compared with other similar congeners. This small, new species is most closely related to the Nearctic species, D. brevicornis Waugh and Wirth and together they form the Dasyhelea brevicornis group (new species group).


This article explores patterns in membership associations' portfolios. It compares and contrasts portfolio theory, which predicts variety in revenue portfolios, with a newer benefits theory, which postulates that revenue options are constrained by the balance between the member benefits and societal benefits they produce. The research makes use of a new database that more accurately measures dues and program service revenue of associations than other databases. The weight of the evidence supports benefits theory more strongly than revenue portfolio theory. This research incidentally finds that revenue concentration increases with size and decreases with real estate ownership. The article introduces the concepts of one-off entry and exit costs on members (tariffs), which tend to reduce members' sensitivity to the level of dues. Indeed, dues are often dominant among the associations having presumptively high tariffs, such as trade unions and certain recreational clubs.


Early Years at School Obviously the person who is to teach young children requires special preparation and frequent refurbishing of her store of knowledge. Much inservice development will come with experience and observation. But help can also be had from reading. Such a book as Early Years at School provides many facts and theories that have gained wide acceptance during the past decade, regarding the young child, his school, i·ts curriculum, and the many ways in which teachers and parents may work together on the problems of the child's mental and social growth. These matters are neatly set forth by Dr. Ilse Forrest in this brand new book. Children of every age from two to eight are described to show the changes to be watched for. What shall be attempted in pre-nursery, nursery or kindergarten years? What should come with grade one, and so on? And how shall reading be prepared for, how 'begun, by what methods fostered? What {)f number work, the arts, social attitudes and all the rest? Many progressive techniques have been modified in recent thinking. Others have been approved and are increasingly in use. The author's discussion of instruction in reading illustrates the trend away from faddish practices to a keener recognition of what goes on in learning to read and hence a merging of various methods-sight, sound and context each contributing, sule form or give him time to digest larger amounts of Intellectual food? How shan we make sure that what he learns will be applied in daily Jiving? It all presents a might chal. lenge to faculties and administrators. One thing stands out c1early. Our educational leaders are trying to reexamine objectives and to work out more direct ways of reaching them. This book gives you a feeling of encouragement. Its 'authors have spent less time quarreHng and more time planning constructively for better outcomes than the reader would have expected from so composite a treatise. THE AMERICAN COLLE;GE edited by P. J. Valentine. Philosophical ts. brary, New York. $10.00


In the current study, Rivastigmine Tartrate was added to solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in order to enhance its absorption in the brain through systemic circulation. The modified micro emulsion cooling technology was applied to create SLNs. In order to demonstrate the SLNs' targeting to the brain, pharmacokinetic (32–155 times) as well as pharmacodynamic (3–4 times) experiments were conducted on them. Thus, to detect the existence of SLNs in the brain, fluorescent/microscopy CLSM, biodistribution, and gamma scintigraphy approaches were investigated. Blood was taken from rats 1 hour after SLNs and rivastigmine tartrate administration, and then the rats were euthanized and their harvested brains were frozen at -80°C. Under a fluorescent/confocal microscope, the obtained plasma and brain cryosections were examined for fluorescence. A biodistribution research was performed on Balb/c mice after oral and intravenous injection of rivastigmine tartrate and 99mTc-labeled SLNs, and % radioactivity/g organ was determined. Gamma scintigraphs of the New Zealand rabbits after receiving comparable treatments were then carried out. Yellow fluorescent particles seen in plasma and the brain suggested that SLNs were successfully delivered through the gut wall and the BBB. The AUC oral values for SLNs were 8.135 times higher than for rivastigmine tartrate, indicating that the former had a longer circulation. Blood AUC i.v. SLNs and rivastigmine tartrate have a ratio of ≤1, but the ratio in the brain suggests that SLNs preferentially distribute 30 times more widely there, validating their direct delivery.


A speedily developed numerical method called as finite volume method (FVM),which possesses both merits of finite difference method and finite element method,is devoloped.The construction of FVM for conservation laws is introduced.Especially,some efficient and successful schemes for solving the discontinuous problems are discussed in detail.Moreover,several numerical results of simulation of 2D dam break problem are given.Finally,a summary of advances in numerical applications and theoretical analysis of FVM is presented. [


Integrated Application Workflows (IAWs) for processing data prior to storage on persistent media requires scalable mechanisms to ensure operations are completed correctly. Traditionally, processes have used storage systems for the coordination role by placing files or directories as completion signals. With storage systems already a frequent bottleneck in overall system performance and with increasing system sizes, this approach is increasingly inadequate and needs to be replaced with a scalable mechanism that can coordinate the operations of 100,000s of clients and 10,000s servers. Our previously demonstrated Doubly Distributed Transactions (DT) protocol (HPDC 2012 poster and [2]) showed a potential solution, but suffered from scalability limitations and undue server-side requirements. The improved version addresses these limitations and demonstrates scalability with low overhead. (HPDC 2013 poster and [1]). This poster focuses on fault detection and recovery mechanisms implemented and the overheads measured. The performance is similar to the success case with only the addition of appropriate timeouts.


It is stated that the ecological situation in the region is aggravated as result of the gasand petroleum processing plants activities. The territory of the region has been exposed to six nuclear explosions, one of them being a ground one. Long-time staying in the zone of ecological danger causes certain changes in metabolic processes, reduction of unspecific body defense factors and development of pathological conditions. A number of hematological studies have been conducted and the negative impact of ecological pressings on the condition of cows hematological status is ascertained.


Phosphorene suffers from instability under ambient condition, despite its potential to bridge the gap between graphene and two-dimensional (2D) metal chalcogenides. We report effective exfoliation and stabilization of few layer phosphorene (FLP) in the presence of strongly interacting surfactants. Surfactants containing long hydrophobic chain and nonbulky charged headgroups (CTAB) effectively exfoliate and stabilize FLP in water, which is consistent with our density functional theory prediction. Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements are systematically employed to probe the interaction between surfactants and FLP. Retarded diffusion rate measured by 2D DOSY spectroscopy revealed the presence of noncovalently bonded CTAB over phosphorene. 2D NOESY spectroscopy further suggests the interdigitated arrangement of surfactants. Such a tight interaction impedes the ambient degradation rate of phosphorene by 70–80%. This work proposes a new insight into the control over ambient degradation of phosphorene without...


Remote sensing is an effective tool to retrieve leaf area index (LAI) at local, regional and global scales. Two approaches are currently employed for this purpose. The first is the empirical relationship approach. Map of LAI is produced according to the relationship between ground measured LAI and spectral vegetation index (VI) calculated from remote sensing signals. Inversion of radiation transfer or geometric optical models is another algorithm to retrieve LAI. The objective of this study is to investigate the ability of two approaches to retrieve forest LAI in red soil hilly region of Jian city, Jiangxi province. The applicability of empirical relationship approach was studied through analyzing the relationship between measured LAI and various vegetation indices calculated from Landsat-5 TM data, including SR (Simple Ratio), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), RSR (Reduced Simple Ratio), SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index). It was found that NDVI is the best predictor of LAI (R2=0.6811, N=47). A BRDF-based inversion algorithm was used to inverse LAI from MODIS 500m reflectance products. LAI derived using empirical relationship and BRDF-based inversion methods shows certain similarity and demonstrates that these two algorithms are both applicable for retrieving forest LAI in this region. The average value of inversed LAI and the MODIS LAI was about 12.2% and 16% lower compared with LAI retrieved using high resolution TM-5 data. Considerable difference existed between LAI estimated using the BRDF-based inversion approach and the MODIS LAI product although these LAI datasets were produced using same reflectance data.


In this paper, in an attempt to develop an overview, the author strives to present international standards on judicial councils and in line with the standards to assess legal framework in Turkey after amendments of the Law on High Judicial Council. Amendments to the Law on High Judicial Council were adopted in 2014. However, Dutch Judges for Judges Association, MEDEL (European association of judges and prosecutors for liberties and democracy, as well as Consultative Council of European Judges raised objections on specific articles and solutions in the Law that violated independence of judiciary and Council and Judicial Council .subordinated to the executive branch. Having that in mind, author referred to the remarks and pointed international standards and models of regulating these issues in line with those standards.


The loss of faith in mainstream political parties and moderate electoral candidates seems characteristic of the zeitgeist in much of the Western world and beyond. Whether in the form of the United Kingdom's vote to exit the European Union (EU), the 2016 United States (US) presidential election of the Republican nominee Donald Trump, the prior strength of Senator Bernie Sandecrs within the Democratic party primaries, or the rise of the anti-neoliberal left alongside resurgent rightist anti-migration groups in Europe, varieties of populism have gravitated from the fringes of politics into the center. They have gained traction in tandem with widespread perceptions of crises, insecurity and alienation as markers of a 'runaway world' whose forces lie beyond the control of the many (Giddens 1999). The urgency of populist politics calls attention to the everyday anxieties and concerns of 'ordinary' individuals in a variety of everyday settings. Although it is often invoked as a self-evident term or concept, the meaning of 'populism' depends upon the contexts within which it operates. A broad understanding of populism therefore acknowledges that it is an approach, ideology or discourse that easily escapes definitional straightjackets but which centrally features the driving of a wedge between two antagonistic sides—the bad, corrupt elite and the good, pure people—to appeal to the 'common' person (Mudde 2004, 543). While much remains undefined here both in terms of who (or what) is a populist, as well as whom such politics is aimed towards—both for and against—the politics of populism centralizes the power struggles and emotional contexts that involve who (or what) gets to be considered as part of the 'true' people, and who does not. Boundary-making practices, especially those relating to emotionally charged processes of exclusion


When we ask a medical student or a medical resident about tauopathies our perception of the level of knowledge is in average low. It reinforces the need for education and advocacy of tauopathies involving health care professionals and general population in our country, and probably worldwide.


This paper puts forward a basic method to determine the marketing basic points of iron steel enterprise;and ascertains the basic points of the marketing according to the core factors of the steel industry,the steel marketing and the steel market-structure.


The aim of the paper is to present the competence of the owners of agritourism farms in running their economic activities. It discusses information from the review of literature on the subject matter and the author's own experience of developing and managing an agritourism farm in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It proves that a family is really important for the management of an agritourism farm. In order to make a tourist feel well in their company and environment, all its members should be engaged. Hosting visitors, a family should be open to them, support one another and share the care of the clients' good. The most important features of an agritourism farm owner recognised by the interviewed students are friendliness and kindness. In the respondents' opinions, service providers and their family members should be able to communicate in English. According to the people involved in the conducted survey, most often families with children spend their time on agritourism farms. All the respondents believe that agritourism is profitable for a rural family.


as prime minister six and thirteen years respectively, is one of the strongest features of his work. The anti-expansionist Liberal Gladstone opposed the Conservative Disraeli's staunch imperialism. Yet, against his own principles, Gladstone oversaw the invasion (in 1882) and occupation of Egypt. Chapters eight and nine explain the contradiction in Gladstone's policies and the aftermath of Britain's war against the rebel nationalist Ahmed Urabi. Harrison notes with heavy irony that Gladstone, one-third of whose personal investments were in Egyptian bonds, had "rescued Egypt from the jaws of independence and remained to guarantee [its] 'liberties' for the next seventy-two years" (101). Harrison explains the effect of the First World War on Egyptian nationalists and the vast contradictions of British commitments, the Hussein-McMahon correspondence, the SykesPicot agreement, and the Balfour Declaration. He includes a few cogent sentences on the Hashemite-Saudi struggle, which reignited the old rivalry between the British and Indian governments. But brevity is both a virtue and principal shortcoming of this book. Harrison devotes only 67 pages to the years 1918–1971, rushing the reader through the critical decades of Britain's demise as a Middle Eastern power in a less careful account that is prone to inaccuracies. Thus, Haj Amin Husseini, "an outspoken enemy of Zionism and the British," did not simply "assume a position of power" (163). Herbert Samuel, the British high commissioner in Palestine, appointed Haj Amin both grand mufti of Jerusalem and president of the Supreme Muslim Council. Moshe Dayan was never commander of the Haganah (176). Harrison accords Miles Lampson (172–78), ambassador to Egypt and high commissioner of the Sudan, disproportionate attention. Unfortunate errors and stylistic tics mar both the text and notes. A few examples are Hussein as "sheriff " of Mecca (132) but his son Feisal "sherif " (139), and "British Social Forces" instead of "Special Forces" (250). There are also too many trite expressions, some of which appear repeatedly. Thus (again) in late 1947 "the exasperated British threw in the towel" (195). For Britain, Suez in 1956 was "1882 over again" (205). Ten years later, Aden was "Palestine all over again" (207). Harrison cites documents from the British archives but almost none after chapter eleven. The bibliography includes much of the relevant secondary literature, but there are anomalies; one of them is frequent reference to William Roger Louis's The British Empire in the Middle East (1984) but no mention of his book Ends of British Imperialism (2006). In the later chapters Harrison relies heavily on classroom textbooks, including those by Charles Smith and Ian Bickerton and Carla Klausner on the Arab-Israeli conflict. Criticism of this work notwithstanding, Harrison is to be commended for making such an important subject highly accessible to students and scholars at all levels. His work is a welcome addition to the literature on both British history and the modern Middle East.


An interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) and poly(2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate) (HEMA) was designed to deactivate agricultural chemicals. The imprinting effect of ...


In the light of electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Potential vs. Time responses analysis, a new interpretation of the evolution of a lead dioxide (PbO2) electrode potential during PbO2(s)/Pb2+ (aq) galvanostatic cycling in methanesulfonic acid is proposed. This interpretation relies on the morphological changes of the PbO2 surface highlighted by SEM images and the double layer capacitance evaluation. It is likely that these surface changes alter the specific surface area of the layer and therefore the local current density of the PbO2 deposition/dissolution reactions. In particular, it has been found that a high porosity is created during the first part of the second deposition step and in the subsequent deposition steps of cycling, which can explain the low polarization associated with these periods. This porosity most probably remains encapsulated in the layer when more PbO2 is deposited. It is then released during the


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: parametres are defined for use on an interface (Iub/Iur) between network elements to enable configuration setup of an enhanced radio uplink (UL E-DCH). Basic information elements are defined to support UL E-DCH functions in the network on Iub/Iur interfaces. Specific parametres are shown for communication over the Iub/Iur interfaces. Specific parametres are shown for communication over the Iub/Iur interfaces between radio network controllers and nodes B in order to setup and re-configure the UL E-DCH channel. EFFECT: flexibility. 17 cl, 4 dwg, 16 tbl


Learning and teaching researchers have consistently identified a mismatch between student and tutor expectations and goals. With student diversity increasing along with widening access, student perceptions, misconceptions and attitudes may be just as important to learning and teaching psychology as individual ability and knowledge. We set out in this paper to explore the accounts given by newly recruited psychology students of their beliefs and understandings about the subject of psychology and how psychology students learn. Our findings suggest that, although some of these students' understandings are consistent with the psychology undergraduate programme, there are also beliefs that present challenges and opportunities to tutors and programme designers. At the very least, we suggest, that engagement in an exercise similar to that undertaken in this study may be valuable in enhancing understanding and reshaping the beliefs and expectations of both students and tutors.


Foreword. Preface. List of Contributors. 1 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for Sustainable Polymer Processes (Maartje Kemmere). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Strategic Organic Solvent Replacement. 1.3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Supercritical CO2. 1.4 Interactions of Carbon Dioxide with Polymers and Monomers. 1.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook. 2 Phase Behavior of Polymer Systems in High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide (Gabriele Sadowski). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 General Phase Behavior in Polymer/Solvent Systems. 2.3 Polymer Solubility in CO2. 2.4 Thermodynamic Modeling. 2.5 Conclusions. 3 Transport Properties of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Frederic Lavanchy, Eric Fourcade, Evert de Koeijer, Johan Wijers, Thierry Meyer, and Jos Keurentjes). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Hydrodynamics and Mixing. 3.3 Heat Transfer. 3.4 Conclusions. 4 Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization in Homogeneous Phase of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Sabine Beuermann and Michael Buback). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Experimental. 4.3 Initiation. 4.4 Propagation. 4.5 Termination. 4.6 Chain Transfer. 4.7 Conclusions. 5 Monitoring Reactions in Supercritical Media (Thierry Meyer, Sophie Fortini, and Charalampos Mantelis). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 On-line Analytical Methods Used in SCF. 5.3 Calorimetric Methods. 5.4 MMA Polymerization as an Example. 5.5 Conclusions. 6 Heterogeneous Polymerization in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Philipp A. Mueller, Barbara Bonavoglia, Giuseppe Storti, and Massimo Morbidelli). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Literature Review. 6.3 Modeling of the Process. 6.4 Case Study I: MMA Dispersion Polymerization. 6.5 Case Study II: VDF Precipitation Polymerization. 6.6 Concluding Remarks and Outlook. 7 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in Carbon Dioxide (Eric J. Beckman). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in CO2: Design Constraints. 7.3 Surfactant Design for Inverse Emulsion Polymerization. 7.4 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in CO2: Results. 7.5 Future Challenges. 8 Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Maartje Kemmere, Tjerk J. de Vries, and Jos Keurentjes). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Phase Behavior of Polyolefin-Monomer-CO2 Systems. 8.3 Catalyst System. 8.4 Polymerization of Olefins in Supercritical CO2 Using Brookhart Catalyst. 8.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook. 9 Production of Fluoropolymers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Colin D. Wood, Jason C. Yarbrough, George Roberts, and Joseph M. DeSimone). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Fluoroolefin Polymerization in CO2. 9.3 Fluoroalkyl Acrylate Polymerizations in CO2. 9.4 Amphiphilic Poly(alkylacrylates). 9.5 Photooxidation of Fluoroolefins in Liquid CO2. 9.6 CO2/Aqueous Hybrid Systems. 9.7 Conclusions. 10 Polymer Processing with Supercritical Fluids (Oliver S. Fleming and Sergei G. Kazarian). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Phase Behavior of CO2/Polymer Systems and the Effect of CO2 on Polymers. 10.3 Rheology of Polymers Under High-Pressure CO2. 10.4 Polymer Blends and CO2. 10.5 Supercritical Impregnation of Polymeric Materials. 10.6 Conclusions and Outlook. 11 Synthesis of Advanced Materials Using Supercritical Fluids (Andrew I. Cooper). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Polymer Synthesis. 11.3 Porous Materials. 11.4 Nanoscale Materials and Nanocomposites. 11.5 Lithography and Microelectronics. 11.6 Conclusion and Future Outlook. 12 Polymer Extrusion with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Leon P. B.M. Janssen and Sameer P. Nalawade). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Practical Background on Extrusion. 12.3 Supercritical CO2-Assisted Extrusion. 12.4 Mixing and Homogenization. 12.5 Applications. 12.6 Concluding Remarks. 13 Chemical Modification of Polymers in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (Jesse M. de Gooijer and Cor E. Koning). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Brief Review of the State of the Art. 13.3 End-group Modification of Polyamide 6 in Supercritical CO2. 13.4 Carboxylic Acid End-group Modification of Poly(Butylene Terephthalate) with 1,2-Epoxybutane in Supercritical CO2. 13.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook. 14 Reduction of Residual Monomer in Latex Products Using High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide (Maartje F. Kemmere, Marcus van Schilt, Marc Jacobs, and Jos Keurentjes). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Overview of Techniques for Reduction of Residual Monomer. 14.3 Enhanced Polymerization in High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide. 14.4 Extraction Capacity of Carbon Dioxide. 14.5 Process Design for the Removal of MMA from a PMMA Latex Using CO2. 14.6 Conclusion and Future Outlook. Subject Index.


Urban roads are identified as major sources of many pollutants and the runoff from these areas discharges high pollution mass loads to receiving waters. Identifying roads is important for effective urban runoff and non point source pollution management. However, public land use information usually does not provide detailed road information. In this research, we identified roads and streets in an urban area to estimate their runoff pollution. We used high resolution multi-spectral imagery i.e. IKONOS. The classified image was used to estimate urban runoff pollutant mass loads and compared them to the estimates using public land use information. The results show that the pollutant load estimation was improved by using high resolution imagery because of the extracted road information. The overall results of this work suggest that using high resolution multi-spectral data is a promising way to estimate overall stormwater pollutant loads. This method could be used as an alternative method of estimating limits for the US EPA's total maximum daily loads control strategies.


The article is devoted to the heating system capacity calculation of the cultivation facility, based on the conditions for ensuring the microclimate parameters regulated by the standards of technological design, depending on the external climatic conditions and the facility design parameters. One of the distinguishing features of the heating system capacity calculation of greenhouses is that the heat balance equation of the structure must be considered together with the equations of heat and mass transfer on the soil and covering constructions. The calculation is made for the greenhouse block № 3 in The Greenhouse Complex with a production area about 12 ha in the village of Sadovy, Ordzhonikidze District, Ekaterinburg. It takes into account convective and radiant heat exchange between the soil and the covering constructions, heat and mass exchange during evaporation and condensation and heat loss for heating infiltrating air.


Thank you very much for reading i just lost myself psychological abuse of women in marriage. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this i just lost myself psychological abuse of women in marriage, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer.


Sepsis, which is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, can result in death as a consequence of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The activation and regulation of immune system play a key role in the initiation, development and prognosis of sepsis. Due to the different periods of sepsis when the objects investigated were incorporated, clinical trials often exhibit negative results and even contrary. Thus, in this review we aim to sort out the current knowledge in how immune cells play the role during sepsis.


The effect of Chinese herbs Sihuang extract on broile small intestines mucosa immunity were observated in this experiment,204 healthy AA chickens of 1 day old were selected to put into two groups randomly: experimental group and control group,102 chickens of each group.200 mg/kg Chinese herbs Sihuang extract was added to chickens' basic diet of the experimental group,the trial period lasted 40 days.At the end of experiment,50 chickens of each group were killed by random and gathering their small intestinal.The effect of Chinese herbs Sihuang extract on broile small intestines mucosal immune were observated by histology method.The results showed that the experimental group chickens' duodenum mucosa lymphocyte were obviously increased than the control group,the lymphocyte distributions of jejunum mucosa in experimental group broile were more crowded than that of the control group.There was obviously lymphocyte accumulation phenomenon in the chickens' ileum mucosa and submucous of the experimental group,and the quantity of lymphocyte was significant incresed than the control group.The results showed that as the feedstuff additives,the Chinese herbs Sihuang extract had the obvious promoting action to the broile small intestinal mucosa immunity.


This study chronicles the first three decades of the Council for Research in Music Education in the School of Music- Division of Music Education- at the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign. The investigation focuses on the origins and development of the Council and its research journal, the Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, during the editorships of Richard Colwell and Marilyn Pflederer Zimmerman. The paper discusses chronologically the makeup of the Council, circulation of the Bulletin, the process of dissertation critiques, editorial assistants, special issues, articles, book reviews, and the implementation of the Outstanding Dissertation Award. This brief history traces the organization from its inception through the Winter 1994/1995 issue of the Bulletin, the last in which Zimmerman was listed as editor.


The paper describes the results of a study of the in uence of silver content on the absorption edge and optical band gap of the newly synthesized glasses of the Agx(As40S30Se30)100−x type for x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 at.% and of the corresponding lms. The synthesis of bulk samples was performed in a rocking furnace from high-purity elemental components by a melt quenching method. Films were prepared from the synthesized bulk samples by pulsed laser deposition. Transmission spectra of the investigated samples were recorded at room temperature. The absorption edge and the optical band gap were determined by extrapolating the linear parts of the absorption spectra. It was found that the investigated range of Ag doping concentrations has a great in uence on the absorption edge and optical band gap. Namely, with the increase of the silver content in the material the optical band gap showed a decrease. For lms, it decreased from 2.02 eV, for the glass without silver, to 1.805 eV for the composition with 5 at.% Ag, whereas for the analogous bulk samples this decrease was from 1.84 eV to 1.609 eV.


Resource-constrained project scheduling problem(RCPSP) is a well studied classical problem in operational research.A large body of literature exists,and dozens of approaches are developed.RCPSP is a NP-hard problem in strong sense.Due to its com-plexity,the most effective algorithms to date are evolutionary algorithms such as genetic algorithms,improved by local search or local optimization.Inspired by the well known forward-backward improvement(FBI) algorithm,a new local search heuristic is developed,namely,forward backward local search(FBLS).Computational experiments based on 1560 standard benchmark test cases from PSPLIB,shows FBLS outperform FBI given the similar computational resources.Computational experiments also show FBLS outperforms all heuristics,local search and most of meta-heuristics described in the literature to date.Due to the nature of local search,FBLS operates on a given sequence of activities and iteratively improve the solutions.That fact that this heuristics operates on sequences of activities,it is well suited as a building block to form more sophisticated meta-heuristics,genetic algorithm,simulated annealing,to name a few.


This study was carried out to examine the Impact of financial reforms on Economic Performance in Nigeria. Specifically, the study sought to assess the performance of Nigerian Banks as influenced by changes in the economy as well as changes in other sectors of the financial system. In carrying out this research, secondary data were used while ex-post facto research design was employed. Following a forty   year review of the performance of Nigeria's economy in tandem with the performance of Banks in the face of the ebbs and flows of the identified parameters. Using both descriptive statistics and analytical methods, regression analyses were conducted and based on the results, it was discovered among other things that there was no significant difference in the growth and development of the economy vis-a-vis bank performance during the pre-reformed compared to the reformed financial era in Nigeria. To this end it was concluded that reforms so far implemented have not significantly move the economy foreword and consequently banks have not also performed as had been expected but rather the reforms have created avenues for executive fiat, corruption and embezzlement of public funds. The study therefore recommended among others that government should ensure that subsequent reform policy thrust be geared toward proper reserves management, efficient stock market operation to enable banks put their capital and asset base to full utilization while insurance sector should be given proper policy consideration for its development. These efforts if pursued vigorously are hoped to make reforms in the financial system effective and capable of moving the economy forward for improved performance of banks in Nigeria. Keywords: Financial Reforms, Nigerian Banks,  Economy


In addition to the damage caused by the earthquake itself, post-earthquake fires (PEF) can potentially create even more significant damage than the earthquake itself. Therefore, in the absence of established provisions for PEF, a series of investigations need to be performed in order to develop a better understanding of the issue. An investigation based on sequential analysis inspired by FEMA356 is performed here on the Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) performance levels of a portal frame, after they is pushed to arrive at a certain level of displacement corresponding to the mentioned performance level. This investigation is followed by a fire analysis of the damaged frames and when only beam or columns are exposed to fire, controlling the time taken for the damaged frame to failure. As a benchmark, a fire-alone analysis is also performed. The results show that while there is minor difference between the fire resistances of the fire-alone analysis and the frame pushed to the IO level of performance, a significant variation is seen between the fire-alone analysis and the fire resistance of the other performance levels, i.e. LS and CP. The results also show that exposing only the beam to fire results in a higher decline of the fire resistance, compared to exposing only the columns to fire.


Most seafood industries around the world are founded on wild capture fisheries which have been facing a static or declining resource base due to over exploitation. Achieving growth with this restraint is a challenge that seafood enterprises have struggled with globally for more than 20 years. Innovation efforts in this industry have focused on developing new sources of raw material, increasing financial returns through value-adding, increased efficiency of production and management integration. An early change in the management regime for wild fish stocks is identified as the key factor in encouraging innovation in the New Zealand seafood industry. The greater certainty in raw material supply provided by the management regime has enabled seafood enterprises to shift their attention from competing to secure sufficient raw material toward increasing their returns from the raw materials they know will be available to them. This paper examines the dynamics of innovation capability building and provides management directions for enhancing innovation capability in this industry. Overall, it is hoped that this study may help to act as an exemplar for encouraging innovation in other national or regional seafood industries, and for other industries based on renewable natural resources.


A 67-year-old man had an intraosseous giant cavernous hemangioma in maxillary sinus. We describe the MRI features of the case and note the potential risk of performing office biopsies on such lesions. Our patient did not have profuse hemorrhage and preventive measures were taken.


This paper presents a heuristic for guiding A*search for approximating the shortest path between two vertices in arbitrarily-sized dimensionless graphs. First we discuss methods by which these dimensionless graphs are laid out into Euclidean drawings. Next, two heuristics are computed based on drawings of the graphs. We compare the performance of an A*-search using these heuristics with breadth-first search on graphs with various topological properties. The results show a large savings in the number of vertices expanded for large graphs.


4-Phenyl-1,2-dithia-3,5-diazolium bis(maleonitriledithiolato)platinum(II), [PhCNSSN] 2 [Pt(mnt) 2 ] (1), and bis-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2-dithia-3,5-diazolium] chloride-bis(maleonitriledithiolato)platinum(III), [p-ClC 6 H 4 CNSSN) 2 Cl][Pt(mnt) 2 ] (2), contain essentially planar [Pt(mnt) 2 ] n- anions [n=2 for complex (1), n=1 for complex (2)], with square-planar coordination of Pt. The Pt-S bonds are slightly, but significantly, shorter for the Pt III complex (2). The cations contain planar CNSSN five-membered rings with an aryl substituent Ar (Ph or p-ClC 6 H 4 ) on C


Oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is the rate-limiting step in the in vitro production (IVP) of embryos. Oocyte maturation in vivo is a highly orchestrated, induced process, whereby cAMP-mediated meiotic arrest is overridden by the gonadotrophin surge prior to ovulation. However, aspirated oocytes resume maturation spontaneously compromising developmental competence. Hence, we hypothesized that establishing an induced system in vitro would synchronize oocyte-somatic cell communication leading to improved oocyte quality. Abattoir-collected bovine or 129/Sv mouse oocytes were treated for the first 1 to 2 h in vitro (pre-IVM) with the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin (100 μM, 50 μM, respectively) and a nonspecific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, IBMX (500 μM, 50 μM), which substantially increased cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) cAMP (bovine, 180 v. 2 fmol/COC, treated v. control; P 0.05) using induced-IVM to levels obtained from in vivo-matured control oocytes (conventional IVF). Data were analyzed by ANOVA. In conclusion, induced-IVM mimics some of the characteristics of oocyte maturation in vivo and substantially improves oocyte developmental outcomes in 2 disparate mammalian species. Adaption of this new approach to clinical/field conditions should lead to new opportunities for a wide range of reproductive biotechnologies. Such a notable increase in IVM efficiency could see IVP as the preferred embryo production technology in future livestock artificial breeding programs. Funded by an Australian Research Council Linkage Grant and Cook Australia. Thanks to M. Sasseville, M. Lane, and D. T. Armstrong.


The article considers the legal regulation of contractual obligations between persons engaged in business activities in China. The author aims to investigate the proper performance of business contractual obligations under the law of China, to consider the liability measures established for their non-performance or improper performance, as well as to analyze the grounds for termination of obligations. Based on the results of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the principles of honesty and trust are essential for contractual obligations in the sphere of business activity. The parties are obliged to cooperate fully, including, and in addition to performing the obligations stipulated in the contract. Moreover, this obligation remains even after the termination of all contractual obligations. The conditions for liability for violation of obligations in the sphere of business activity are also established.


In this paper a novel high gain digital time amplifier(TA) is presented. The proposed TA can be incorporated in an all digital time to digital converters for high resolution. The digital nature of the time amplifier makes it adaptive for different time resolutions. The mathematical expressions for the operation principle of the proposed TA is also extracted. The proposed TA is simulated with ADS Ptolemy environment. The gian of the TA can reach 150.


Do both the public and the scholarly uses of the phrases 'native language' and 'native speaker' need to be revised or even superseded?


ABSTRACT Research on the risk-need-responsivity model has consistently demonstrated that programs that adhere to this model demonstrate greater reductions in recidivism. However, research often focuses on successful programs and promulgates these programs as models for replication. Less research exists that demonstrates lessons learned from programs that struggle to implement EBP. The current research provides an examination of a halfway houses attempt to adhere to the risk-need-responsivity model and the difficulties that are experienced when model fidelity is lacking. Results demonstrate the program only partly adheres to major facets of the model. Implications of the results are discussed, and program recommendations are provided.


We investigate the interplay between crossed channel final state interactions and the constraints from two–particle unitarity for the reactions J/ψ → V ππ and VKK̄, where V is either ω or φ. Using a model where the parameters are largely constrained by other sources, we find that, although small, crossed channel final state interaction can influence the amplitudes considerably, in special areas of phase space. These results cast doubt on the inapplicability of unitarity constraints on production amplitudes as recently claimed in the literature.


— A generator at a nuclear plant was being upgraded from 1,350 MVA to 1,500 MVA. The increase in rating required an upgrade to current transformers (CTs), which introduced mismatched ratings for the bus protection. The mismatched CT ratings favored the application of a digital bus differential relay. One set of CTs had atypical connections since they were a pair of three-phase CTs inside the delta winding of the generator step-up (GSU) transformer that consisted of three single-phase transformers. The plant also had a low-voltage generator circuit breaker (GCB). With the GCB open, high-voltage system ground faults could induce circulating currents in the GSU delta winding without any of the other zone CTs seeing any current. Unequal saturation of the CTs inside the delta winding could result in a possible unrestrained operation of the bus differential relay, thereby challenging protection security. In this paper, we present the bus differential application and detail the associated hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) model, tests, and results. The results include examining security for external faults, verifying dependability for internal faults, and confirming a selective alarm for a CT failure condition.


This paper proposes BotDigger, a fuzzy logic-based botnet detection system. In this system, we derive a set of logical rules based on a well known botnet characteristics. Utilizing these rules, an adaptive logic algorithm will be applied on network traffic traces searching for botnet footprints and associating a trust level for each host present in the sampled data. Future work will focus on evaluating the proposed approach using real traffic traces.


David Baker finds a connection between Pingelap, a coral atoll in the Pacific Ocean with abnormal rates of achromatopsia and rock band Steppenwolf


The allelopathic potential of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) was investigated. Field study showed that living buckwheat reduced weed biomass compared with plots without buckwheat. Laboratory study revealed that root exudates suppressed root and shoot growth of weeds and reduced weed dry weight. Sequential partitioning of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of buckwheat showed that the chloroform extract caused an 80% reduction in radicle elongation of lettuce seedlings at a concentration of less than 100 p.p.m. Fagomine, 4-piperidone and 2-piperidinemethanol were isolated and identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance from the chloroform extract. These compounds caused a 50% inhibition of radicle elongation in lettuce seedlings at concentrations of less than 100 p.p.m. These results suggest that compounds 1, 2, and 3 might act as allelochemicals and affect the growth or germination of different plant species.


The abundance of data often hinders computational efficiency in information retrie val, information extraction and parsing. Several data reduction techniques have been proposed t o v rcome this problem. A recently blooming approach to data reduction in computational linguist ics chunking. In (Daelemans, Buchholz, and Veenstra, 1999), we describe experiments on NP and V P (noun and verb phrase) chunking using Memory-Based Learning ( MBL ) carried out in the context of subject/object identification. In this paper we will show that NP, VP and PP ( prepositional phrase) chunking is possible with a precision and recall around 94-95%.


Cloud Computing delivers computational services through the internet. The services availed can vary according to the user requirements. The services are basically provided using virtualization technique. One of the services that are provided is the computational services for the client tasks. The client provides the Service Provider with various sized tasks that need to be executed. The execution of tasks is done using the resources present within the Provider of the services. The service provider checks for available resources, and allocates the jobs to these resources in such a manner as to minimize execution time, and various other factors that affect the performance of the Cloud. The process of allocating resources to the tasks is known as scheduling, and various scheduling mechanisms are present. A single scheduling strategy may not be always optimal in performing scheduling. In this paper, an improved mechanism for choosing the scheduling strategy is explained, which aims at addressing the problems associated with choosing the right scheduling mechanism according to the previously exhibited performances. Experimental results demonstrate the importance of using such a mechanism in selecting the right scheduling strategy.


The historical place name is an integral part of legacies of historical and cultural city of Beijing,which has a significant historical and cultural value.Facing with the plight of the protection of historical place names,we need to change our concepts,protect it as a cultural heritage,make the basic principles of protection,carry out investigation and research,and formulate the conservation plannings of the historical place names.


Convection is thought to act as a turbulent viscosity in damping tidal flows and in driving spin and orbital evolution in close convective binary systems. This turbulent viscosity should be reduced, compared to mixing-length predictions, when the forcing (tidal) frequency exceeds the turnover frequency ωcv of the dominant convective eddies. However, two contradictory scaling laws have been proposed and this issue remains highly disputed. To revisit this controversy, we conduct the first direct numerical simulations of convection interacting with the equilibrium tidal flow in an idealized global model of a low-mass star. We present direct computations of the turbulent effective viscosity, νE, acting on the equilibrium tidal flow. We unexpectedly report the coexistence of the two disputed scaling laws, which reconciles previous theoretical (and numerical) findings. We recover the universal quadratic scaling in the high-frequency regime . Our results also support the linear scaling in an intermediate regime with . Both regimes may be relevant to explain the observed properties of close binaries, including spin synchronization of solar-type stars and the circularization of low-mass stars. The robustness of these two regimes of tidal dissipation, and the transition between them, should be explored further in more realistic models. A better understanding of the interaction between convection and tidal flows is indeed essential to correctly interpret observations of close binary stars and short-period planetary orbits.