It is too difficult to measure the salesperson job Management experts have debated for decades that the most useful way to assess employee performance in today's businesses is mix of subjective and objective measures in the process of performance evaluation, whereas each having its strength & weakness. It is difficult to infer that which tool is appropriate to measure the performance, but ultimately the objective is to enrich the proficiency of sales & sales person. Performance evaluation not only helps in hiring more sales people but also help in allocating them more effectively to the various sales territory& improving sales person productivity through better calling patterns in terms of consumer & product line. This paper examines the impact of both objective & subjective measures of evaluation in the sales department through various methods of evaluation. There are several factorswhich describes the productivity of sales person in this study multiple estimation results lead to an improved understanding of the phenomenon being studied and a model has been developed based on behavioural dimension which will support for evaluation


Moderate employment gains continued in the US in 1986 as the economy completed its 4th year of expansion following the deep 1981-1982 recession. Unemployment declined slightly during the year repeating the pattern of slow improvement of 1985. For all of 1986 the civilian unemployment rate averaged 7%--down from 7.2% in 1985 and 7.5% in 1984. Nearly all of the 1986 employment increase took place in the service-producing sector with particularly large gains in services finance insurance and real estate. In contrast manufacturing employment declined and the number of mining jobs dropped markedly--reflecting reduced activity in oil and gas extraction because of sharply lower crude oil prices. Construction job growth which had been very strong during the previous 3 years moderated in 1986. The present economic expansion completed its 4th year in November 1986 making it the 3rd longest period of sustained growth since World War II. However in percentage terms the employment increase in the 1982-1986 period was less than the advance posted during the 1975-1979 expansion while the civilian unemployment rate fell by similar amounts in both periods. The extremely large employment increase in the 1975-1979 period was led by women and teenagers--both of whom also had experienced tremendous labor force growth during these years. Nonfarm payroll employment also rose more in the 1975-1979 period than it did in the current expansion. Most of this difference was attributable to the goods-producing sector in which the rate of job growth in the current expansion was only half that recorded in the 1975-1979 period.


The ESR absorption of the intermediate radical CH3⋅CHR from l‐alanine was studied at 4.2°K. It was found that the methyl group spectrum for the a axis was different than that for the c axis. While Freed's theory J. Chem. Phys. 43, 1710 (1965)] failed to explain this fact, a simple quantum‐tunneling model was found to account for the observations satisfactorily, attributing the observed difference to an anisotropic dipole–dipole interaction. It was shown that an hfs splitting having any functional dependence on the angle of twist Θ results in the characteristic splitting of the E states. A methyl proton which has the cos2Θ dependence assumed by Freed was found to be a special case exhibiting this E state splitting.


ABSTRACT In the current neoliberal environment in higher education, universities are viewed as a valuable source of income. To generate this income, universities need to attract students, and in order to do so, they need to perform well in global ranking tables. These tables are influenced to a large extent by staff research and postgraduate teaching. Foundation studies programmes (FS) do not usually have a great deal to offer in these categories and this places staff teaching on these programmes in a difficult position. This article explores the perceptions of staff teaching on FS programmes in New Zealand universities, drawing on data from semi-structured interviews with 22 lecturers from four universities. Although lip service is paid in higher education circles to the importance of widening access to university education for traditionally marginalised groups, it appears that staff teaching on FS programmes do not, on the whole, receive acknowledgement, support or reward for the work that they do. Despite their marginalised status, these lecturers are committed to helping second chance learners. However, their ability to make a positive impact on these students' lives is limited by their lowly status in the university sector. This article discusses the insights of FS staff and considers the implications of their positioning in the university sector. It offers some suggestions as to how, in a small way, universities could address the difficulties these academics face in their attempts to widen university access.


Zn/ZnS/n-GaAs/In structure has been fabricated by the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method and the influence of the time dependent or ageing on the characteristic parameters are examined. The current-voltage (I-V) of the structure have been measured immediately, 1, 3, 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 and 165 days after fabrication of this structure. The characteristics parameters of this structure such as barrier height, ideality factor, series resistance are calculated from the I-V measurements. It has been seen that the changes of characteristic parameters such as barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance of Zn/ZnS/n-GaAs/In structure have lightly changed with increasing ageing time.


The article deals with the difficulties encountered in the study of the topic "Skew lines" — one of the most difficult in the school course of geometry. It identifies the challenges of historical and methodological nature. A brief historical review related to the presence of the concepts of «distance» and «angle» between skew lines in the educational literature is given. The ways of overcoming the highlighted difficulties, both in the study of solid geometry and in the study of geometry by future teachers of mathematics is given.


INTRODUCTION
Pulmonary sequestration (PS) has been treated for many years with conventional surgical removal of the ectopic lung tissue and ligation of aberrant vessels that arise from the aorta. There is evidence, especially in English-language literature that supports the use of transcatheter arterial embolization through a device for occlusion of the anomalous vessel, as a safe option and definitive treatment for intralobar PS.

OBJECTIVE
To show our experience pioneering the technique of PS treatment through transcatheter embolization.

CASE REPORT
The case reports of two teenagers aged 13 and 14 and a 26-day-old newborn that developed intralobar PS are described. The diagnosis was made through computerized axial tomography (CT scan) and successfully and without complication, during early and long term follow-up, treated by arterial embolization transcatheter.

CONCLUSION
The use of transcatheter arterial embolization is a less invasive and definitive treatment for patients with PS.


The authors present electron microscope images of 2H NbSe2 in its triply-incommensurate charge density wave state. The images show contrast which they interpret in terms of a network of orthohombic domains separated by a double honeycomb array of discommensurations similar to that observed in triply incommensurate 2H TaSe2.


Abstract— Acetylcholine, choline and choline acetyltransferase activity were measured in the whole brains of normal and hypothyroid rats during development. At 1 day postpartum, brain acetylcholine was 73 per cent of adult levels. Propylthiouracil‐induced hypothyroidism up to age 20 days did not alter brain acetylcholine concentrations, but at 30 days resulted in significantly decreased levels. At day 1, brain choline was 20 per cent higher than adult levels and decreased between days 8 and 10. In hypothyroid rats this phenomenon did not occur until days 15–20. At day 1 postnatally, choline acetyltransferase activity was only 7 per cent of adult levels, then between days 5 and 20 rose to 77 per cent of adult levels. Beginning at day 8, hypothyroidism resulted in significantly decreased enzyme levels. This effect could be reversed at day 17 by concurrent tri‐iodothyronine substitution therapy. In hypothyroid rats, maximum brain choline acetyltransferase activity was 30 per cent less than normal adult levels.


The first was Michael Howard's piece on "Foreign Currency Judgments and Contractual Claims", tracing the history of the Miliangos litigation, and revealing the accidents of pleading, tactics and personalities which lie behind so many important legal developments. For a piece on such a subject to be such a pleasure to read is a very great achievement. Peter Cane's essay on the "Lloyd's Debacle" and its impact on the law of obligations raises issues arguably as important as any the common law has faced. The problems of concurrent liability for economic loss in contract and tort, the legacy ofHedley Byrne and the twisting direction of the law from Anns v. Merton via Murphy v. Brentwood to Henderson v. Merrett, are developed and analysed with consummate skill by Peter Cane. If proof were required that the genius of Treitel is still needed in our law of obligations, consider just two of many issues—if parties are in relationship akin to, but not quite, contract, is that reason to treat them as if they had contracted, or as if they had chosen not to contract? And does "assumption of responsibility" mean anything more than "our conclusion is that the defendant should (why?) be liable"? Francis Rose and Sweet & Maxwell are to be congratulated on a first-class collection of essays, reflecting the spirit and achievements of Guenter Treitel. The volume is competitively priced, topical and stimulating—to be recommended to anyone who shares Treitel's delight in the game that is the common law. JANET O'SULLIVAN


We present high resolution Br and Br spectra for 15 near main-sequence O and B stars in a broad range in v sini and with spectral type between O9{B2. The HI infrared lines probe the outer regions in the atmosphere and the onset of the stellarwind.Theslowlyrotatingstars(withv sin i< 50kms 1 ) show weak, single-peaked emission features on top of a broad absorption line. The most likely explanation is a non-LTE ef- fect in the outer photosphere causing emission at line center. The slow rotators include two Cephei stars, both of which also show HeI (4.049m) emission. This indicates a signicant increase in the degree of ionization in the outer layers of these B2-3 stars. For the higher v sini stars we nd two cases (out of six) in which weak, double-peaked emission is visible on top of the photospheric absorption. These two stars probably have low-density discs which are apparent only in the infrared HI lines (Zaal et al., 1995).


Aim: To study the role of CD5+B cells in the pathogenic mechanism of myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods: The percentages of CD5+B cell (CD5+CD19+ ) in 39 patients with MG and 18 healthy control were determined by using flow cy- tometry and immunofluorescence double-staining; the AChRab of serum in MG patients were determined by indirect ELISA methods. Results: The percentrage of CD5+ B cell was significant increase in MG patients as compared with healthy controls. moreover, the percentages of CD5+ B cell in serum AChRb positive and serum AChRab negative MG patients were both high- er than those of healthy controls, but the percentages of CD5+ B cell have no significant difference between serum AChRah positive and serum AChRab negative MG patients. Conclusion: CD5+B cell may play a pathogenic role in the development of MG, but there may be no significant correlation between AChRab production and CD5+B lymphocytes.


Apolipoprotein A‐I (apo A‐I), a major apolipoprotein synthesized by liver and intestine to facilitate transport of plasma lipids as lipoproteins, has been detected also in the avian sciatic nerve. The mRNA and protein levels of apo A‐I have been shown to increase during the period of rapid myelination (LeBlanc et al.: J Cell Biol 109:1245–1256, 1989). In order to assess the synthesis of apo A‐I protein and the processing of apo A‐I isoforms during development, endoneurial slices of avian sciatic nerves from chicks during active myelination at 15 and 17 days embryonic and 1 day posthatch age were incubated with [35]S‐methionine. The incubations were fractionated into secreted and intracellular fractions, and incorporation of the label was assessed for apo A‐I protein. The pattern of labeling of Po protein, as a marker of myelination, was also determined in the intracellular and compact myelin fractions. Methionine incorporation into Po protein was highest in the intracellular compartment at the 15‐day embryonic stage and decreased thereafter, with a corresponding increase in the myelin fraction. During these developmental periods, the levels of nascent apo A‐I increased in both the secreted and intracellular fractions. The synthesis of apo A‐I specifically increases in the secreted fraction compared with total protein synthesis. The processing of the pro‐apo A‐I is also developmentally regulated. In the intracellular compartment, there are approximately equal proportions of the acidic and basic isoforms. However, with increasing age, a higher proportion of the apo A‐I is secreted as acidic isoforms. It is concluded that the secretion and processing of apo A‐I is developmentally regulated in the chick sciatic nerve, in parallel with the process of active myelination. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract The use of low-sodium (LoNa) and low-protein (LoPr) diets was examined in chickens and LoNa diets in turkey poults as a means of restricting growth at an early age. In the first trial, the LoNa, LoPr, or control diet were fed to 8-day-old male broiler chickens for ad libitum consumption for 6 days. An additional treatment group was pair-fed the LoNa diet (feed restricted). During the restriction period, the birds fed the LoPr diet gained the least BW. Also, these birds did not recover the lost weight as measured at 56 days of age; but feed efficiency was improved significantly. At 56 days of age, abdominal fat was reduced. Meat yield was not affected by any of the early-growth-restriction treatments terminated at 14 days of age. In another experiment, 6-day-old female chicks received a LoNa diet for 6 or 9 days or were severely feed-restricted for 6 days. At 56 days of age, BW losses had been recovered completely only in the birds fed the LoNa diet for 6 days. Feed efficiency was improved and carcass fat was reduced in all restricted groups. For 10 days, 7-day-old turkey poults were given 1) LoNa diet 2) pair-feeding regimen for the LoNa birds, or 3) a more severe regimen of feed restriction. At 147 days, the BW of the restricted birds, especially of the group pair-fed the LoNa treatment, exceeded the weight of the controls. A large part of this difference between feed-restricted birds and the control birds could be accounted for by a corresponding difference in the yield of breast muscle. Overall feed efficiency was improved for the birds in all of the regimens involving early growth restrictions. The results suggested that feeding a LoNa diet may be beneficial in terms of early growth restriction for chickens and turkeys. However, the recovery of BW appears to be more complete when a controlled, early feed restriction is employed.


A pseudo-spin reduced basis model for the description of the linear hydrogen-bonds molecular systems with strong correlations between protons on the neighbouring bonds is proposed. The proton states corresponding to the high-energy proton configurations near the heavy ionic groups are excluded from the initial basis. Some aspects of thermodynamics and energy spectrum for the proton subsystem of the molecular complexes are considered in the framework of reduced basis model. It is shown that for the complexes with large but finite number of hydrogen bonds N, the polarizability is proportional to N2, the specific heat is proportional to N−1 and the spectrum includes both zone and localized proton states. At the same time it is shown that correct thermodynamic limit is obtained as N→∞ on the base of pseudo-spin model with initial basis. As a result the limits of application of reduced basis model are determined.


In order to reduce unnecessary stops and expensive downtime originating from clutch failure of construction equipment machines; adequate real time sensor data measured on the machinein combination ...


Increased awareness of the environmental impacts associated with excessive carbon dioxide emissions generated from cement production has led to great strides in developing technologies and materials aimed at reducing such impacts. A large amount of work has been carried out worldwide related to the design of more sustainable concrete mixes that take advantage of natural elements or those recovered from waste. This work analyzes a set of alternatives for substitutes of concrete mix aggregates that guarantee the best levels of resistance to compression and also comply with the principles of environmental sustainability. To do this, the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision method is used to determine the preferred substitute alternative for aggregates based on certain criteria. The analysis carried out using the TOPSIS method revealed that the alternative with the highest level of proximity to the ideal solution was the use of recycled glass as an additive to the concrete mix. It was observed that the specialists considered the environmental impact and the resistance and durability of the resulting concrete as the most important criteria to assess. A qualitative comparison of the alternatives resulting from the analysis was carried out to verify the results achieved by the method used.


Food hypersensitivity (FHS), including food allergy, coeliac disease and food intolerance, is a major public health issue. The Food Standards Agency (FSA), an independent UK Government department working to protect public health and consumers' wider interests in food, sought to identify research priorities in the area of FHS.


ST AT E OF T HE W OR LD 'S C IT IE S 20 08 /9 At the beginning of the 20 th century, as European cities began to spread with the rise of industrialization, British author and intellectual H.G. Wells made a prescient prediction: that soon, modern urbanites would see little distinction between the city and the countryside. "The old antithesis will cease, the boundary lines will altogether disappear," he wrote. "It will become merely a question of more or less populous". Today, the sprawling urban landscapes of the developed world seem to have confirmed Wells's prediction. Talk of edge cities, post-suburban territories and regional development takes for granted the disappearance of clear rural and urban boundaries in countries whose populations became primarily urban more than 50 years ago. In developing countries, too, distinctions between rural and urban are becoming blurred as urbanization spreads. 4.4 Addressing Rural-Urban Disparities for Harmonious Regional Development


Although body dissatisfaction is a strong predictor of disordered eating among women, a majority of women report substantial body dissatisfaction but do not concomitantly report severe levels of eating disorder symptomatology. Third variables, then, may interact with body dissatisfaction to influence its relation to eating disorder symptomatology. Seven theoretically relevant variables were investigated as to whether they moderated this relation within 2 samples (n = 304, n = 373) of college women. As anticipated, body surveillance, neuroticism, and having a family member and friend with an eating disorder intensified the primary body dissatisfaction-eating disorder symptomatology relation. Contrary to hypotheses, social insecurity and appearance control beliefs did not moderate this relation, and poor impulse regulation weakened the relation between body dissatisfaction and 1 component of eating disorder symptomatology (i.e., drive for thinness).


Based on the concept,principles and its evolution of all round quality management theory,the problems and misunderstandings of the practice of TQM in higher education in China are discussed and analyzed,then some practical suggestions are put forward.


The case of a 35-year old man who presented with massive left sided haemotho- rax as a complication of an asymtomatic pancreatic pseudocyst is descibed. The diagnosis was confirmed by very high amylase content of the pleural fluid. The complications of pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst are also briefly discussed. Haemothorax represents an unusual pulmonary complication of pseudocyst pan- creas and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pleural fluid collec tion in pancreatitis.


The diagnosis of rapidly progressive dementias (RPDs) can be difficult, as patients frequently present with a quickly evolving multitude of symptoms


A case of conjoined twins diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound is presented. The pathologist's report, the ultrasonographic differential diagnosis, management of delivery and a summary of the literature are included.


Former USSR was one of the advanced countries in the study on the basic theories of track and field.There is a close connection between the track and field teaching material of China and that of former USSR.By comparison,we may find out the developing tendency of Chinese teaching material.The teaching material of former USSR was developing towards training while that of China towards methodology.


Three Cretaceous oceanic red-bed (CORB) successions from the Eastern Carpathians of Romania were studied in detail to determine their age and depositional environments. Our investigations revealed that the studied CORB displays a variety of lithofacies, such as red shales, red radiolarites, red cherts with radiolarians, red cherts, and red claystones and marlstones with microfossils. The CORB of the Eastern Carpathians encompass the latest Albian–Coniacian interval, based on calcareous nannofossil analyses. But the main part of the CORB is carbonate free or has very low carbonate content; the upper part becomes increasingly more calcareous. The CORB averages 60% SiO2, and also includes a high amount of Fe2O3, which suggests an oxic deep marine environment. The CORB of the Eastern Carpathians, overlying Albian black shale lithofacies, is similar in lithology and age to other Tethyan CORBs. CORB deposition indicates significant paleoenvironmental changes, from an anoxic setting to an oxic one, across the Early–Late Cretaceous boundary interval.


This paper describes a new fast learning algorithm for Self-Organizing Map employing a rough comparison winner-take-all and its digital hardware architecture. In rough comparison winner-take-all algorithm, the winner unit is roughly and strictly assigned in early and later learning stage, respectively. It realizes both of high accuracy and fast learning. The digital hardware of the self-organizing map with proposed WTA algorithm is implemented using FPGA. Experimental results show that the designed hardware is superior to other hardware with respect to calculation speed.


AIM: To study the quality standard of Compound Shencha Granuls (Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, Radix Rehmanniae, etc.). METHODS: Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma et Radix Polygoni Cuspidati in Compound Shencha Granule were distinguished by TLC. Ursolic acid was determinated by TLCS. RESULTS: The methods of TLC to distinguish Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati were feasible without negative inference. Ursolic acid content in three groups of samples was 1.24 - 1.58 mg·g -1 . CONCLUSION: The method is accurate and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Compound Shencha Granule.


This report provides an overview of the groups and communities that played an important role in the dissemination of disinformation, conspiracy theories and polarising discourses in the run-up to the presidential and legislative elections, during a period when the Covid-19 pandemic remained a major controversial issue in France. Finally, this investigation reveals how the main cluster of "Covid consensus activists" may have unintentionally contributed to the amplification of misinformation and polarising discourses coming from clusters with more radical positions, especially on the pandemic, by seeking to denounce them. This highlights the need to explore in depth the extent to which certain actors may contribute to the trivialisation and amplification of marginal and extreme ideas by seeking to develop counter-narratives. It also reflects recent observations by other actors on the responsibility of mainstream media in the overexposure of the polemics launched by Éric Zemmour and theb centring of his agenda during the French presidential campaign.


Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous cell carcinoma derived from nasopharyngeal epithelium. NPC characteristic is highly invasive and can metastasize rapidly. The presence of distant metastasis is a major factor in determining the patient's management and prognosis. The magnitude of radiologic and molecular costs encouraging the need to know the clinical variables associated with distant metastasis of NPC. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical retrospective studies of undifferentiated NPC (WHO type III) patients at initial diagnosis in the ORL-HNS Department of Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2014 to December 2016. Results: At 276 NPC patients with the ratio of 197 men (71.4%) and 79 women (28.6%) was 2.5:1, mean age 48.5 years, distant metastasis was found in 37 patients (13.4%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of sex (p = 0.346), age (p = 0.784), and primary tumor clinical status (p = 0.297) between NPC with distant metastasis and without distant metastasis. There was significant difference in the frequency of regional lymph node clinical status between NPC with distant metastasis and without distant metastasis (p = 0.004; PR = 3.866). Conclusions: There is no statistically significant difference of primary tumor clinical status between NPC with and without distant metastasis. There is statistically significant difference of lymph node clinical status between NPC with and without distant metastasis.


A thin film silicon/crystalline silicon back junction solar cell comprises a p-type silicon substrate (1), an n-type doping thin film silicon layer (2) arranged on the backlight surface of the p-type silicon substrate (1), a back electrode (3) arranged on the n-type doping thin film silicon layer (2) and a front transparent conductive electrode (4) arranged on the phototropic surface of the p-type silicon substrate (1), wherein a first sort of intrinsic thin film silicon layer (5) is arranged between the p-type silicon substrate (1) and the n-type doping thin film silicon layer (2); a second sort of intrinsic thin film silicon layer (6) and/or a p-type doping thin film silicon layer (7) are/is arranged between the p-type silicon substrate (1) and the front transparent conductive electrode (4); moreover, the front transparent conductive electrode (4) can also be provided with a metal gate line (8).


Background: Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) is an important tool for gene expression analysis and function identification. Suitable reference genes are the basis of accurate and reliable qPCR results. Litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a commercially important tropical and subtropical fruit crop, rapid pericarp browning is the major negative impact on the industry. Reference gene validation would help screen for genes involved in the browning mechanism.Results: In this study, fifteen new candidate reference genes, identified with transcriptome data, were assessed to determine stable reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis of litchi pericarps from different varieties, with differing postharvest storage, and under pathogenic inoculation. Ct values, Genorm, Normfind, and Reffinder algorithms, were used to identify the most stable genes. The results showed that GAGA-25 was the most stable gene for comparing different varieties of fresh pericarp, HDAC9 was the most stable gene for postharvest pericarp, STAM was the most stable for inoculated pericarp. Among the candidate reference genes, GAGA-25 was the most stable reference gene across the complete sample set.Conclusion: This study evaluated reference gene stability for qRT-PCR with litchi pericarp. This work supplies a foundation for qPCR use in future gene function and molecular mechanism studies of litchi pericarp browning.


ABSTRACT This article addresses the development of cross-cultural competency within the context of service-learning. The need to integrate cross-cultural competency into the academic curriculum has risen dramatically with the sharp increase in resident Hispanics and their families. Service-learning addresses the demand for culturally competent graduates who can address the paradigms of inequality and invisibility as well as the language barrier. Service-learning develops cultural competency through weekly direct contact and journal writing exercises. By venturing into the community, students see beyond the cultural walls that often divide neighborhoods, and they also make connections between economics, anthropology, history, political science, and other disciplines. Through service-learning, many university students develop maturity and ingenuity that they would not acquire in the classroom. Community partners—the families, students, and teachers—discover how to complement and advocate for each other to help ensure well-being and academic success. This article analyzes and evaluates the service-learning experience through a community practicum course in which students spend 40 hours working with Hispanic migrant families. It includes the evolution in service-learning in a university program and the value in the shift from a focus on language acquisition to the development of cultural competency as an integral part of the program. Working with a population that is culturally different from themselves and the textbook knowledge they have received has become a cornerstone of university language and teacher-training programs.


A new antimetabolite of thymine, 5-morpholinomethyl-2-thiouracil (MMTU) has been synthesized via the Mannich reaction of 2-thiouracil, formaldehyde and morpholine. The product was chemically and structurally characterized using various techniques ranging from microelemental analysis to XRD studies. About thirteen metal ion complexes of MMTU have been isolated and were found to exhibit five different types of bonding pattern such as unidentate dimeric, bidentate, bidentate binuclear, tridentate binuclear and tetradentate binuclear. To gain theoretical support for the experimental findings regarding the donor atoms proposed based on spectral studies of the complexes semi-empirical quantum mechanical calculations were carried out using MOPAC. The anomalous behaviour exhibited by a few complexes was explained based on steric constraint and stabilization energy gain upon six membered chelate formation. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were evaluated. Antimicrobial, antifungal
and antitumour studies have also been carried out. Structure, thermal stability and biological activity of the complexes have been correlated.


In this brief introduction, I'm going to explain the purposes of this new journal on Hermetism, beside my methodological perspective and tenets regarding our field of study, as well as the mainstream ideas which I plan to develop in Studia Hermetica's project.


Risperidone is a second-generation antipsychotic agent, widely used in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and aggression. Edema has been reported as a side effect of risperidone in a few case reports in the literature. In most of these cases, another drug was combined with risperidone and edema was located in a specific zone. Here we aimed to report a case of generalized edema due to risperidone oral monotherapy and reviewed the relevant literature.


Artificial grain kernels made from ground wheat grain, commercial wheat starch and wheat proteinaceous α‐amylase inhibitors were used as diets for adults of the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L). For the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) and the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephesitia kuehniella Zell.), a friable mixture of the diets was used. The results of feeding trials showed that the survival of S. granarius adults was not correlated with the soluble proteins extracted from wheat and amylolytic activity located in this protein fraction. On the other hand, the weight of dust (the index of feeding intensity) produced during feeding depended on the presence of α‐amylase and trypsin inhibitors in wheat‐based diets. Ephesitia kuehniella larvae did not develop at all on a diet consisting of 50% wheat starch and 50% crude α‐amylase inhibitors from wheat. The same diet lengthened the development time of T. confusum larvae by 15.1 days. These results attest to the existence of a specific native enzymatic apparatus in the alimentary canals of these three grain pests. However, the highly active insect α‐amylase inhibitors appear to have a limited influence on the developmental parameters studied although some reduction of insects populations might be expected.


A new kind of particle in tokamak, which is different from passing partilce and trapped particle, is found. This kind of particle can fly directly out of the boundary due to the drift motion. The loss cone in tokamak, which is composed of these particles, is studied. At the same time, the loss rates due to the banana orbit in different tokamaks are calculated.


This diploma thesis is about soybean and their hight nutritional values, especially hight content of proeteins with very important nutritional values and very great functionally properties. Next is the theoretical part devoted to the soya product tofu, which is made by coagluating of fresh soya milk. Tofu has hight content of quality proteins, vitamins B and content low percent of natrium. In experimental part had done questionnaire research for target group respondents. Questionnaires were submitted for students or graduates secondary or higher education with a focus on food, food technology and gastronomy. The component of this diploma thesis was a market research about tofu in the supermarkets and hypermarkets near Frýdek-Mistek.


The aim of this work was to analyze bacterial esterases enzymes associated with the organic particulate, which gets to the superficial sediments of the Guanabara Bay, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thirty samples of superficial sediment were collected, in which grain size, total organic carbon, sulfur, activity of the esterases enzymes, and particulate components of organic matter under microscopy were analyzed. The results had shown that the textural class was between 62.65 to 85.63% for silt, 7.51 to 12.87% for clays, and 4.46 to 29.59% for sand. The average total organic carbon (TOC) and sulphur (S) were 3.78 and 0.77%, respectively. The highest esterases value was found in station 18 (4.69 μg fluorescein/h/g) and the lowest in 24 (1.25 μg fluorescein/h/g). The average of activities was of 3.20 μg fluorescein/h/g. The palynofacies analysis showed a predominance of the amorphous (82.4%), palynomorphe (9.2%), and phytoclast (8.4%) organic matters. The amorphous organic matter is predominant in all samples and the esterases enzymes activities are associated with the silt-clay. The palynomorphes are associated with sand. Cuticles, sporomorphes, and Botryococcus are directly related to to fluvial fluxes of rivers. The combined results of the analyses on organic geochemistry (elementary analysis) and microscopical techniques (transmitted and fluorescence light) disclose organic facies, with predominance of amorphous organic matter. The intense fluorescence coloring, together with raised value of total organic carbon (>;6%) indicate high rate of preservation and low content of free oxygen in the environment. These results correspond to an organic facies, like marine shale, which is a characteristic of a deposited facies under persistent anoxic water column with anaerobic microbial activity.


It's old news that manufacturers of cosmetics and nutritional supplements aren't permitted to make medical claims for any given product, such as 'to prevent, treat, or cure any medical condition'. We all know this is non-compliance, according to the FDA and CTFA, yet it's most alarming to see the numerous dubious medial claims on complementary and alternative medicines (CAMS) and cosmetics products on the shelf at a number of leading retail pharmacy outlets.


Background prion replication results from the autocatalytic templated assisted conversion of the host-encoded prion protein PrPC into misfolded, polydisperse PrPSc conformers. Structurally distinct PrPSc conformers can give rise to multiple prion strains. Within and between prion strains, the biological activity (replicative efficacy and specific infectivity) of PrPSc assemblies is size-dependent and thus reflects an intrinsic structural heterogeneity. The contribution of such PrPSc heterogeneity across species prion adaptation, - which is believed to be based on fit-adjustment between PrPSc template(s) and host PrPC -, has not been explored. Methods to define the structural-to-fitness PrPSc landscape, we measured the relative capacity of size-fractionated PrPSc assemblies from different prion strains to cross mounting species barriers in transgenic mice expressing foreign PrPc. Results in the absence of a transmission barrier, the relative efficacy of the isolated PrPSc assemblies to induce the disease is superimposable to the efficacy observed in the homotypic context. However, in the presence of a transmission barrier, size fractionation overtly delays and even abrogates prion pathogenesis in both neural and extraneural, prion-permissive tissues, for reason independent of the infectivity load of the isolated assemblies. This suggests that a synergy between structurally distinct PrPSc assemblies in the inoculum is requested for crossing the species barrier. We further strengthen this hypothesis by showing that altering, by serial dilution, PrPSc assemblies content of unfractionated inocula reduce their specific infectivity in an aberrant manner, solely in the presence of a transmission barrier. Conclusions our data support a mechanism whereby overcoming prion species barrier requires complementation between structurally distinct PrPSc assemblies. This work provides key insight into the "quasi-species" concept applied to prions, which would not necessarily rely on prion sub-strains as constituent but on structural PrPSc heterogeneity within prion population.


The Yoruba nation encompasses all peoples of Yoruba ethnic origin found mainly in Nigeria and
also in some West African countries of Benin, Togo, Sierra-Leone and Ghana. As a result of
slavery, otherwise known as enslavement, Yoruba presence expressed by its language and
culture are found in such places as Brazil, Cuba, Argentina, Trinidad and Tobago amongst
others. This paper which draws materials from secondary sources posits that enslavement led to
the dispersal of Yoruba language and culture to the Diaspora. Beyond this, it also transported
Yoruba religion to the Caribbean as exemplified by the Condembles in Brazil and Santeria in
Cuba and practice of Ifa. Furthermore, slavery impacted Yoruba nation in economic terms and
altered traditional social relations among the Yoruba. However, slavery could be said to be
double edged in the Yoruba nation. It introduced the Yorubas to new ways of life, transformed
the traditional economy and aggravated the internecine wars in the search for slaves. It also
affected, though it did not obliterate Yoruba communalism. The paper concludes by suggesting
the need for the establishment of a supranational and pan-Yoruba association that will promote
studies into Yoruba history and culture and further promote and propagate the interest of the
Yoruba nation in all its ramifications.


GP commissioning forms one of the most radical proposals set out in the NHS White Paper Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS (Department of Health, 2010a): groups of GPs will be responsible for deciding how to spend NHS resources to meet local health needs. For the past two decades some doctors' groups in the United States have held the equivalent of a commissioning budget. This briefing is based on a study visit to four such groups in California, and highlights some of the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing GP commissioning in the English NHS.


Objective To investigate the treatment effect of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities with fibrinolysin.Methods 126 patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities were divided into treatment group(64 cases) and control group(62 cases) randomly.The treatment group was treated with fibrinolysis intervenous drop infusion,and the control group was treated with dextran-40 and salvia miltiorrhiza intravenous drop infusion.Estimate the treatment effect of fibrinolysin by comparing the clinical results of these two groups.Result The treatment result of fibrinolysin injection was much better than the control group with significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion The treatment with fibrinolysin can significantly relieve the symptoms and signs of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities,and can also improve the index of hemorheology,without sever complications.So it is a safe and effective drug for further research and clinical application.


Regular expressions are used to describe security threats' signatures in network intrusion detection (NID) systems. To identify suspicious packets using regular expression matching, many NID systems use memory-based deterministic finite-state automata (DFA) with one-pass-scanning model, which is fast and allows dynamic updates. However, a number of practical signature patterns commonly found in a variety of NID systems, e.g., ". * A. {N}B", can cause a state-explosion problem in such a model. In this paper, we propose a two-phase pattern matching engine (TPME) to solve this problem. In our proposed approach, the state storage cost is reduced to linearly dependent on the number of repetitions N in the patterns. With the new approach, we are now able to handle those practical patterns that would have caused the state-explosion problem in memory-based DFA. We report our implementation of TPME on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). With our prototype implementation, we can achieve a throughput of more than 1.86 gigabits per second for pattern matching in a practical NID system.


Statistic behavior and behavioral statistics are not the same concepts. They are different both in essence and in characteristics, especially in how to set forth the concepts there are evident differences, In spite of the differences, they have inner relations. This thesis will expound the above issues in details.


Energy band theory is briefed in the paper with a discussion on the explanation of diamond coloration from the view of energy band theory and its coloration mechanism.An explanation on diamond coloration from the view of color center theory is also given according to the color center patterns of diamond,with the coloration mechanism of different radiation damage centers of nitrogen center as example while the other causes for diamond coloration is introduced.It is believed that the genesis of diamond color is mostly explained by band theory and color center coloration theory.Impurities such as hydrogen and inclusions can also cause the coloration of diamond.


A mild heteroatom methylation protocol using trimethyl phosphate (TMP)-Ca(OH)2 combination has been developed, which proceeds in DMF, or water, or under neat conditions at 80 oC or at room temperature. A series of O-, N- and S-nucleophiles, including phenols, sulfonamides, N-heterocycles such as 9H-carbazole, indole derivatives, 1,8-naphthalimide, and aryl/alkyl thiols are suitable substrates of this protocol. The high efficiency, operational simplicity, scalability, cost-efficiency, and environmental friendly nature of this protocol make it an attractive alternative to the conventional base prompted heteroatom methylation procedures.


Structural Aspects of Building Conservation, by Poul Beckmann and Robert Bowles. Second Edition. Elsevier–Butterworth– Heinemann, Oxford 2004 (our copy from Elsevier Australia, 30-52 Smidmore Street, Marrickville 2204. 341 pp. ill., index. Price: $A 107.80 (Review No. 4424). Poul Beckmann's reputation as an authority on the structural aspects of the restoration of historic buildings was established by his investigation of York Minster in association with the Architect Bernard Feilden. Beckmann, who has since established his own consultancy, was at that time working for Ove Arup & Partners.


Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are widely used as beverage containers due to the easy handling as well as the low cost. They have taken the place of glass bottles in most market. However, PET has something inferior to glass for industrial application. The bottles in a traditional bottling system are sprayed with hydrogen peroxide water or dipped in a basin filled with the toxic water for sterilization prior to being filled with beverages. Then they are rinsed with pure water and dried with hot air. PET bottles take much more time to fulfil this rinsing process than glass ones, since organic material like PET tends to absorb some of liquid or gas molecules into its bulk structure1. In order to reduce the amount of toxic hydrogen peroxide in the sterilization process Jacobs and Lin developed a plasma sterilization2 using hydrogen peroxide vapour, in which the chemical reactivity of the toxic molecules is enhanced by particle collision in plasma. However, their method has not sufficiently resolved the problem of residual toxic molecules in organic material, yet.


Even those renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) that are smaller than 4 cm may put patients at risk for aggressive cancer, according to a new study presented at the 28th Annual European Association of Urology Congress in Milan, Italy.


Amyloidosis had long been understood to be a very rare illness among the Japanese, however, its reported cases have gradually accumulated as increasing attention has been given in recent years. It is the purpose of this paper to report on the incidence of primary amyloidosis and senile cardiac amyloidosis experienced at our institution and also to report on clinical and pathological findings of the cardiovascular system of amyloidosis, of which data were collected from seventy institutions throughout Japan. Cardiac amyloidosis was terminologically defined to mean cases of systemic amyloidosis, in which the heart was one of the most important localization of amyloid degeneration and also cases of senile cardiac amyloidosis among the aged, in which it is predominantly localized to the heart. Incidence of primary amyloidosis at our institution : During the past eighteen years, we have experienced seven cases of primary amyloidosis, five of which were autopsied at our institution. Its incidence is 2.9% among the total 1,719 autopsied cases, which, however, amounts to 3.72% among the 1,345 autopsied cases of over fifteen years old, the highest incidence reported in an institution throughout Japan1}. Pathological findings of the heart in systemic amyloidosis: The survey of deposits of amyloid was done in the hearts of 61 cases. In primary amyloidosis, the pathological involvement of amyloid was observed in the eart ashigh as 98% of the total cases, which was higher than in any other organs. In secondary amyloidosis and myeloid-typed amyloidosis, the involvement of the


Purpose:To evaluate the acute side effects an d efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT)combined with hype rthermia for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(LANSCLC). Methods:From Jan.2001 to April.2003,35 patients with LANSCLC we re treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT) combined with hyperthermia. Results:The overall response rate(CR+PR)was 91.4%for the primar y tumor. Acute radiation esophagistis occurred in 48.6%of patients(Grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ ). Acute radiation pneumonitis was observed in 8.6% of patients (Grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ). Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ bone marrow suppression occurred in 8.6%(3/35)of patients and Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ myocardical injury was present in 14.3%(5/35) of patients. The median fo llow-up duration was 24(6-28) months. Conclusions:Hyperthermia combined with 3-DCRT is well tolerate d in most patients with LANSCLC. Its early responses are milder than the convent ional radiotherapy. Remote results await futher follow-up.


Terahertz (THz) technology is an emerging field that is promising for future applications. Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials can effectively convert incident light into the THz frequency range using optics methods. Ionic-type organic π-conjugated NLO crystals containing electron donor-π-acceptor motifs have long attracted attention for their possibility to achieve large nonlinear optical coefficients. In this paper, an overview of the recent progress in ionic-type organic NLO crystals for highly efficient THz wave generation is presented. The substitution design strategies of cations and anions, for increasing optical nonlinearities and reducing absorptions in different structure series, are summarized. In addition, the progress in crystal growth and their THz output performance are also discussed.


A revolving loan fund (RLF) serves as a gap financing source, typically allocated for small businesses. In some instances, an RLF is implemented to meet other economic and community development needs. The funds are used to make small loans for projects that do not meet commercial lending guidelines. The fund revolves as loans are repaid and the capital is reused to make new loans. The Hometown Business Preservation Initiative (HBPI) was launched to provide technical assistance to communities in need of supporting vital community businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was developed to educate and inform communities of the purpose and foundations for quickly establishing a fund. The program later expanded to deliver reinforcement practices for sustaining a revolving loan fund. It was our goal to deliver a streamlined technical assistance program that packages instruction and materials essential to creating and operating a Revolving Loan Fund. The contents contained in this guide include tutorials, templates, and resources for establishing a new fund as well as perpetuating an existing fund. The contents provide a full scope of principles and strategies, along with examples and recommendations regarding processes and procedures. The embedded templates were designed for effortless adaptation to enhance the effectiveness of any revolving loan fund.


Reconstructing brain connectivity at sufficient resolution for computational models designed to study the biophysical mechanisms underlying cognitive processes is extremely challenging. For such a purpose, a mesoconnectome that includes laminar and cell-type specificity would be a major step forward. We analysed the ability of gene expression patterns to predict cell-type and laminar specific projection patterns and analyzed the biological context of the most predictive groups of genes. To achieve our goal, we used publicly available volumetric gene expression and connectivity data and pre-processed it for prediction by averaging across brain regions, imputing missing values and rescaling. Afterwards, we predicted the strength of axonal projections and their binary form using expression patterns of individual genes and co-expression patterns of spatial gene modules. For predicting projection strength, we found that ridge (L2-regularized) regression had the highest cross-validated accuracy with a median r 2 score of 0.54 which corresponded for binarized predictions to a median area under the ROC value of 0.89. Next, we identified 200 spatial gene modules using the dictionary learning and sparse coding approach. We found that these modules yielded predictions of comparable accuracy, with a median r 2 score of 0.51. Finally, a gene ontology enrichment analysis of the most predictive gene groups resulted in significant annotations related to post-Nestor


Midazolam is a commonly used anaesthetic agent and is metabolised by the 3A4 isoform of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. Atorvastatin is also metabolised by cytochrome P450 3A4 and, in vitro, atorvastatin inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4‐mediated metabolism of mexazolam. We hypothesised that concurrent administration of atorvastatin and midazolam would result in altered midazolam pharmacokinetics. Fourteen patients scheduled to undergo general anaesthesia for elective surgery were recruited in a matched pair design to receive intravenous midazolam (0.15 mg.kg−1). Of these patients, seven were taking long‐term atorvastatin. Atorvastatin patients demonstrated a greater area under the curve (889.4 (standard deviation 388.6) ng‐h.ml−1) vs. control patients (629.1 (standard deviation 197.2) ng‐h.ml−1) (p < 0.05). Patients taking atorvastatin also demonstrated a decreased clearance (0.18 (standard deviation 0.08) l‐kg. h−1) vs. control patients (0.27 (standard deviation 0.08) l‐kg.h−1) (p < 0.05). This study suggests that chronically administered atorvastatin decreases the clearance of intravenously administered midazolam.


We undertook a survey of the vegetational ecology of 94 peatlands at Duck Mountain, Manitoba to discriminate differences among peatland types at the southeastern edge of the boreal plain, especially black spruce swamps, and to clarify boreal swamp terminology. The majority of peatlands surveyed were wooded, relatively small (mean=1.8 ha), and in depressions on the landscape. A classification and indicator species analysis identified the dominant peatlands types as moderate-rich fens, with bogs and extreme-rich fens as rare. Black spruce swamps were relatively common and often found on gentle slopes. They were distinguished from wooded fens by larger trees (mean height=9.7 m; diameter=12.6 cm), denser overstory (68%), shallower peat depth (90 cm), and small size (1.6 ha). Although most similar to wooded moderate-rich fens by vegetation, black spruce swamps have a denser bryophyte layer and more mesic plant species. Significant indicator species on hummocks and drier areas include Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium splendens, Equisetum sylvaticum, Petasites frigidus var. palmatus, Cornus canadensis, Limaea borealis, Rosa acicularis, Moneses uniflora, Geocaulon lividum, Orthillia secunda, Equisetum arvense, Listera cordata, and Mertensia paniculata. Species characteristically found in black spruce swamp hollows include Rhizomnium pseudopunctatum, Rhizomnium gracile, and Plagiochila porelloides. We discuss conifer swamp terminology globally, and recommend that black spruce swamps be recognized as a peatland type distinct from eastern white cedar-dominated boreal swamps found in the eastern boreal region, wooded fens, and black spruce-dominated uplands. The environmental gradients most strongly associated with an ordination of the Duck Mountain peatland plant community data were forest mensuration variables, e.g., overstory density (range=7−80%), peat depth (0.4−+3.0 m), peat C∶N (14–67), organic C (54–98%), bulk density (0.19–64.00 g/cc), surface-water temperature (3.0–19.5 °C), specific conductivity (0–989 μS/cm), and Ca2+ (1.8–111.4 mg/L). Wooded bogs were distinguished from the other peatland types based on mean pH (3.8), alkalinity (0.2 mg/L), Ca2+ (5.0 mg/L) and other cations, but there was much overlap among the fens and black spruce swamp. A number of isolated, topographically high, open peatlands were characterized by plant species with affinities to open moderate-rich fens, including Drepanocladus aduncus, Helodium blandowii, Salix discolor, Equisetum fluviatile, and Calamagrostis canadensis, but mean surface water pH (5.4), Ca2+ (13 mg/L), DOC (47 mg/L), and NH4+ (188 μg/L) were more similar to wooded bogs. This may be the consequence of fluctuating water levels. The potential impact of climate change, in addition to current impacts from logging, emphasizes the importance of understanding the vegetation and environmental variables in southern boreal peatlands.


This paper estimates the New Keynesian model including stock price using simultaneous equations method,analyzes the relationship between stock price,monetary policy and macroeconomic fluctuations.The main findings are as follows:firstly,there is close relationship between stock price and economic fluctuations;secondly,the monetary policy really smoothes economic fluctuations.Then this paper compares the effect of different monetary policy rules,and finds that it helps to minimize the fluctuations of macroeconomic variables by including stock price misalignment into monetary policy rule.


This study is on a phonology and Morphology of adverb of Gyeongsang dilalect, 'neukka, maja(macha), maka, boda'. These adverbs have a lot in common, that is, a-final. The main purpose of this study is to investigate etymology of such a-final adverb. Based on etymology of 'neukka, maja(macha), maka, boda', morphological analysis unfolds. In this study, I have shown that 'neukka, maka, boda' are from conjugational forms. In additon, I have shown that 'maja' is from middle Korean form 'm?j?'.


To achieve intelligent control algorithm in Foundation Fieldbus process control system, a method which combines LabVIEW and MATLAB to design a real time intelligent control system is presented in this paper. The intelligent control algorithm programmed in MATLAB can be stimulated by LabVIEW SIT, the communication between LabVIEW and fieldbus instruments can be established by OPC Sever, the human machine interface is implemented based on the excellent interface building ability of LabVIEW. Through the fuzzy control of a nonlinear tank level system, good real-time ability and effectiveness of this method are verified. Experiment results show that this method fully integrates the plentiful control function of MATLAB and outstanding interface building function of LabVIEW, and the system has quick control response and small steady-state error. Further more, this method can cover the control algorithm shortage of Foundation Fieldbus.


In this paper, the magnetic field properties and the dosimetry at intermediate frequency (21 kHz) for an induction heater are investigated with the coil model, which is prescribed as substitute source model in the European standard EN50366 (CENELEC). The accuracy of the magnetic field vectors and the values of the induced current density, which are achieved with the coil model, are compared with the results of a realistic model of the induction heater obtained from the equivalent source model. It is shown that the coil model coincides well for the magnitude of the magnetic field strength around the induction heater. On the other hand, the dominant field vector of the coil model differs significantly from the real induction heater, which leads to induced current densities in the body model which are three time larger. Owing to these results, the applicability of the coil model prescribed in the EN50366 is confirmed for the induction heater.


We report high speed electroabsorption modulators (EAMs), designed, fabricated and characterized within an open access generic foundry process. The EAM as a new building block is optimized in the existing platform, in which other BBs are established. By optimizing the EAM design layout, we show a static extinction ratio (static ER) of 18 dB, a low dc bias voltage below 1 V at an increased temperature, as well as operation in a semicooled environment, tested in the range of 20 °C –60 °C. Furthermore, we improve the intrinsic S-parameter response with a codesign circuit. The intrinsic 3-dB bandwidth of a 100-μm-long EAM is 17 GHz. When measured with the EAM submount design, it is increased to 24 GHz. Simultaneously, the return loss bandwidth is improved by a factor of 2.5 staying below −10 dB up to 20 GHz. Through the realization of the EAM submount design we achieve a three-time speed increase of the existing platform, from previously offered 9 GHz (using an EAM) to 24 GHz shown in this paper.


I am a specialist practitioner in a beacon GP practice. We have a strong primary care research and education department - one of the primary care research teams attached to the East London and Essex Network of Researchers.


A method for the determination of hydrodynamic characteristics of a ship hull is presented. The side force coefficient and moment coefficient are determined from the parameters of motion measured during the maneuvering trials. These coefficients can be used for new designs, in the study of scale effects and other tasks of applied maneuverability.


This chapter contains sections titled: Overview of Multiband OFDM Approach IEEE 802.15.3a WPAN Standard Proposal Physical Layer Design MAC Layer Design Chapter Summary


Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease associated with breaking of immune tolerance and may be related to age and sex of individual. Prognosis is associated with positive early detection of disease, the diagnosis depends on the association of a series of clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory findings and radiographic involving clinical and laboratory criteria. The chronic stage leads to serious damage, including joint deformities, for control of pain and inflammatory joint use of NSAIDs, alone or combined with low-dose glucocorticoids, there is always the need to individualize the therapy according to risk factors for each patient, recently incorporated to the therapeutic armamentarium of RA, biologicals have proven effective in combination with methotrexate. Are indicated in moderate to severe RA that has not responded to other DLA, are available commercially in Brazil agents biological response modifiers such as TNF blockers (adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab), depleting B-lymphocytes (rituximab) and modulators co-stimulation: abatacept, and in some cases surgical treatment is indicated when there is no response to other treatments. However understanding the evolution and activation of AR (pathophysiology) was necessary for better medical intervention in seeking treatment and change the course of the disease, diagnostic criteria are well defined and treatments in the chronic stage of the disease showed technical advance and scientific, but the data were conclusive that there is a need for further research to establish parameters not yet widespread.


Purified blood group A and B substances have been shown to be antigenic in the rabbit, leading to the production of agglutinating antibody of high titer and precipitating antibody. There in a wide variation among rabbits in their response to both antigens, a variation not related to the breed of the animals, nor to the method of isolation of the A and B substances.


We propose a fast palette design scheme based on the K-means algorithm for color image quantization. To accelerate the K-means algorithm for palette design, the use of stable flags for palette entries is introduced. If the squared Euclidean distances incurred by the same palette entry in two successive rounds are quite similar, the palette entry is classified to be stable. The clustering process will not work on these stable palette entries to cut down the required computational cost. The experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm consumes a lower computational cost than those comparative schemes while keeping approximately the same image quality.


The border gateway protocol(BGP),is vulnerable to a variety of malicious attacks,due to lack of a secure means of verifying the authenticity and legitimacy of BGP control traffic.By a new BGP path attribute containing "attestations",and a public key infrastructure(PKI) for verifying ownership of AS numbers and portions of the IP address space.This PKI embodies a number of unique features designed to support S-BGP security requirements and to facilitate automated access control management for the certificate and CRL repository used with S-BGP.


To assess fetal vs. neonatal diagnoses, pregnancy outcomes and need for surgery in babies prenatally diagnosed with congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) or bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS).


The generation of interest is associated with know feeling,meaning,is the basic experience and human activities, that the separation of the three,and it. Know the stage can produce discretion,the feeling of stage can produce the appeal, meaning stage can generate interest,and knowledge,feelings,the meaning of the three and symbiosis,can produce interesting. Speech,scenery,the body experiences and discretion in,like,the sentiment,empathy and aesthetic appeal,Italy,and things, art abstract and interest is interest generated psychological mechanism contains three important problem.


The invention relates to a Bivalirudin synthesis method, which is characterized in that trityl chloride type resin is used as an initial materials; 1 to 10 full protection peptide resin is synthesized by solid phases; full protection 11 peptide is cut from the resin; 11 to 20 peptide resin is connected into the solid phases; through cracking, Bivalirudin crude products are obtained. The method comprises the concrete steps that Fmoc-Leu-OH and wang resin are coupled to obtain Fmoc-Leu-wang resin; then, S1 and S2 are obtained through coupling; the S1 is cut by a cutting reagent to obtain S3; the S3 and the S1 make a reaction to obtain S4; through cracking, the Bivalirudin crude products are obtained. The method has the advantages that the generation of multi-Gly10 impurities is avoided; the Arg coupling difficulty is successful reduced; the yield and the purity of Bivalirudin are obviously improved. Only amino acid condensation and deprotection are involved in the technological process; the reaction is simple and controllable; the method is suitable for industrial production.


In this paper, a new $P_{2}-P_{1}$ finite element pair is proposed for incompressible fluid. For this pair, the discrete inf-sup condition and the discrete Korn's inequality hold on general triangulations. It yields exactly divergence-free velocity approximations when applied to models of incompressible flows. The robust capacity of the pair for incompressible flows are verified theoretically and numerically.


Abstract Competition for all kinds of resources has started among the Ukrainian cities and first of all for human capital. Therefore, a proper strategic planning is the uppermost priority for local governments. In this paper, the vision and market segmentation of the adopted strategy for the socio-economic development of the Ukrainian city of Sumy is analysed using the comparative method and content analysis. It aims to demonstrate that the city marketing approach towards strategy creation helps to make the strategy more concrete and visible. Existing city marketing strategies of Helsinki, Whitehorse, and North Port were used for comparison.


Resource-based theory implicitly assumes that property rights to resources are secure. Extant property rights theory enables us to relax this assumption to take into account processes where there are struggles in establishing property rights that enhance the realized economic value of resources. A case study of oil field unitization (where a single firm is designated as unit operator to develop the oil reservoir as a whole) is analyzed to illustrate the following points: a full resource-based analysis of value creation must incorporate the role of property rights to internalize externalities and to solve prisoners' dilemma problems of common-pool resources. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This study aims to analyze the alignment of existing land use in the Indramayu Regency in 2021 with the spatial pattern of the RTRW of Indramayu Regency in 2011-2031. The data used in this study include Google Earth images in 2021, maps of the administrative boundaries of the Indramayu Regency, and maps of Indramayu Regency spatial patterns in 2011-2031. The analytical technique used in this research is to use the overlay technique, which is to overlay the existing land use map with a spatial pattern map, then a query is made based on the logical matrix of the alignment of land-use types with spatial patterns which produces a map of the alignment of land use with spatial patterns in Indramayu Regency. The results showed that there were 15 types of land use in Indramayu Regency. The largest land use in Indramayu Regency is rice fields with an area of 131,631 (62.9%) of the total land area of the Indramayu Regency). The majority of land in the Indramayu Regency is still in harmony with the planned spatial pattern by 70.31%, transitional land by 6.70%, and not aligned by 22.98%. Land that is not in harmony is widely found in protected forests and paddy fields. Most of the protected forest area in Ithe Indramayu Regency has been turned into a pond area, and the rice field area has become residential land, both village settlements, and urban settlements.


INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to generate insulin dose (ID) percentiles for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) having the opportunity to assess this important parameter in relation to age and sex. Individual intensive substitution of insulin is vital for achieving optimum metabolic control in children and adolescents suffering from type 1 diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study is: to examine the basic factors which determine daily insulin needs; to establish average insulin doses of the examinees of different ages and sexes and to present them in the form of figures - percentile tables. METHODS: Medical documentation of 100 examinees (55 girls and 45 boys), ages 2-18 were analyzed at the Children's University Hospital in Belgrade in the period between August 1994 and August 2002. All the examinees achieved a satisfactory metabolic control of diabetes after the period of the remission of the disease. The examinees had the conventional insulin therapy (KITh) and intensive therapy (IITh), and they were all using humane insulins. RESULTS: On the basis of the data analysis it has been established that the average insulin dose at ages 3-9 is 0.8 IJ/kg/24h in both sexes, and that from the age of 10 the need for insulin considerably increases with metabolic control deteriorating at the same time. Insulin needs are the greatest during adolescence, especially in girls (1.20 IJ/kg/24h). The ranges of insulin doses show that every child needs an individual approach and estimate of insulin needs. CONCLUSION: It has been concluded that daily insulin needs grow with the growth of chronological age (0.8 before adolescence and 1.16 IJ/kg/24h in adolescence) and that girls get greater insulin doses than boys, especially during adolescence. Insulin needs shown in percentiles (P5 - P95) and presented in the form of figures enable fast and simple visualization of the range of insulin doses at different ages (figures 2 and 3). It is evident that there is a considerable deterioration of metabolic control during adolescence.


The rapid growth of internet resulted in feature rich, dynamic Web applications. This increase in features also introduced completely new underestimated attack vectors. Cross site scripting (XSS) attacks are currently the most exploited security problems in modern Web applications. These attacks make use of vulnerabilities in the code of Web-applications, resulting in serious consequences, such as theft of cookies, passwords and other personal credentials. It is caused by scripts, which do not sanitize user input. Several server-side countermeasures for XSS attacks do exist, but such techniques have not been universally applied, because of their deployment overhead. The existing client-side solutions degrade the performance of client¿s system resulting in a poor Web surfing experience. This paper introduces a client side solution that uses a step by step approach to detect XSS, without degrading much the user¿s Web browsing experience.


The anatomical adaptations to a benthic mode of life are reviewed and discussed. The functioning of the pectoral, pelvic and anal fins in moving sand from underneath the animal, during burrowing, are described. Jets of water directed downwards from the gill chambers, produce a fluid sand-water mixture which facilitates the functioning of the pelvic fins, and the movement of the head into the sand. The direction of water movements associated with gill ventilation, which are propelled almost exclusively by the branchiostegal rays, are outlined. Inhalation is normally through the mouth, which is protected by papillae, from being blocked by sand. When the mouth is covered with sand, the water flow through it is reduced, and some inhalation occurs through the dorsal margin of the operculum, involving use of the supracliethrum.


With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the amount of data we involved in our daily life is growing exponentially, which poses significant challenges for data processing and transmission to the conventional terminal sensors that passively acquire external data. Inspired by biological sensory nervous systems, building artificial intelligent sensory systems with both sensing and computing capability is regarded as a promising way to address these challenges, by which the acquired data can be preprocessed locally and timely before transmitting them to the remote server for further processing. Ion‐gated transistors (IGTs), which have been widely used in sensors and have been recently investigated for neuromorphic computing, exhibit great potential in this domain. Herein, the essential operation principles, device structures, and electrical characteristics of IGT are introduced, and the recent developments in biosensors, neuromorphic computing, and intelligent sensors with near‐sensor computing and in‐sensor computing modes are summarized. To conclude, the current challenges and future development of IGT for intelligent sensory systems are presented.


Increasingly, development scholars and practitioners are reaching for exceptional examples of positive change to better understand how developmental progress occurs. These positive outlying cases are often referred to as 'positive exceptions', but also 'positive deviants' and 'pockets of effectiveness'. Studies in this literature promise to identify and examine positive developmental change occurring in otherwise poorly governed states. However, to identify success stories, such research largely relies on the reputations of cases, and, by doing so, overlooks cases that have not garnered a reputation for their developmental progress. This paper presents a novel three-stage methodology for identifying and examining positive outlier cases that does not rely solely on reputations. It therefore promises to uncover 'hidden' cases of developmental progress as well as those that have been recognized. The utility of the methodology is demonstrated through its use in uncovering two case studies in which surprising rates of bribery reduction occurred, though the methodology has much broader applicability. The advantage of the methodology is validated by the fact that, in both cases identified, the reductions in bribery that occurred were previously unrecognized.


A quiet transformation has taken place in health related research in the last twenty-five years. This transformation can be traced to the coming of age of new scientific domains like bioinformatics and cybernetics which have evolved thanks to trans-disciplinary research. The success of the human genome project is perhaps the most significant pointer of this silent transformation. We believe that in the future, as a result of synergistic interaction between bioinformatics and other paradigms, healthcare systems would have an increased interest in knowledge recycling of the collaborative learning process acquired from practices. In this context, the knowledge management (KM) paradigm could assist twenty-first century clinical practitioners to acquire proficiency in understanding and interpreting clinical information so as to attain knowledge and wisdom whilst dealing with large amounts of clinical data.


A screenshot from the Inoculation Science video explaining Emotional Language use in misinformation. A screenshot from the Inoculation Science video explaining use of emotional language in misinformation.


Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were tested for the cardiac output and organ blood flows at the age 30, 40, 50, 60, 90 and 180 days. The results showed that during the course of developing hypertension in SHR the cardiac output was not elevated. During the prehypertensive period, total peripheral resistance was not elevated, but systolic blood pressure was higher in SHR than in normotensive rats. Increased contractility of the myocardium in SHR was considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Decreased kidney blood flow in SHR after 90 days of age might be related to the high incidence of nephrosclerosis in 180 days old male SHR.


The linear response of a novel AlxGa1−xAs superlattice electron‐wave interference diode (EWID) is numerically investigated using the time‐dependent Schrodinger equation. This device is based on analogies between electromagnetic waves in dielectrics and quantum mechanical electron waves in semiconductors. These analogies provide a basis for a new class of highly functional devices which use above‐band transport. Recent experimental results and theoretical models showed that the EWID has direct current characteristics similar to the resonant tunneling diode. This first quantum mechanical calculation for the EWID alternating current characteristics shows that the device negative differential resistance (NDR) persists up to about 10 THz. By examining three different EWID designs, it is shown that device parameters, such as the number of layers, have a strong effect on high‐frequency performance. The important property of NDR, combined with expected high current densities and possible integration with optoelec...


Results: The daily average BP decreased from 146.2/89.6 to 124.5/76.6 mmHg in the control group and from 155.2/93.4 to 126.0/76.7 mmHg in the spironolactone group (p < 0.001). The degree of the daily average and the daytime average systolic BP (SBP) reduction (average by 21.7 and 22.4 mmHg in the 1st group and by 29.0 and 29.8 mmHg in the 2nd group, p < 0.05) was more prominent in the spironolactone group. Also the extent of decrease of the pulse BP (by 7.0 mmHg in the 1st group and by 12.3 mmHg in the 2nd, p < 0.05) and the offi ce, daily average diastolic BP (DBP) (by 17.3 and 13.0 mmHg in the 1st group and 23.0 and 16.7 mmHg in the 2nd, p < 0.05) was more pronounced in the spironolactone group. The daily index did not change signifi cantly in both groups. The variability of SBP and DBP signifi cantly decreased in the spironolactone group by average of 2.9 and 2.2 mmHg respectively. In the control group decreased only in the average daily variability of DBP on average by 0.9 mmHg.


Interband-Cascade-Lasers (ICLs) have emerged as efficient and reliable laser sources over a broad wavelength range in the mid-infrared spectral region. Here they meet the demand from several applications such as high sensitivity tunable laser absorption spectroscopy (TLAS). For ICLs grown on GaSb substrates, continuous wave operation at room temperature has already been demonstrated up to wavelengths of 5.6 μm. For longer wavelength devices, the low thermal conductivity and the demanding growth of the superlattice cladding become increasingly challenging, as thicker claddings are required to avoid optical leakage into the substrate. ICLs grown on InAs-substrates circumvent these challenges by replacing the superlattice cladding with a highly doped InAs-layer. As the plasmon frequency of this material comes in range of the emission wavelength, the refractive index is significantly reduced and enables mode confinement within the undoped InAs waveguide layers. Emission wavelengths up to 10.4 μm have been demonstrated for these ICL types at cryogenic temperatures.


On 16 December 2019, Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law entered into force (hereinafter: Whistleblower Directive; WBD). Based on a Commission proposal of 23 April 2018 and accompanied by an intensive policy debate, the final version of the Directive represents the most far-reaching piece of European Union legislation in the field of whistleblowing law to date, both in terms of depth and scope of regulation. The Member States of the European Union are now obliged to transpose the Directive's provisions essentially by 17 December 2021. For most Member States, this will mark the first time they will adopt a comprehensive whistleblowing law. Hence, the transposition of the WBD will bring with it various challenges, but also multiple opportunities to improve the current legal framework and its practical implications, both of which are discussed in this two-part article series. Part 1 of the series will first discuss the Directive's background and the main regulatory elements, followed by an in-depth analysis of its material and personal scope as well as the general conditions for whistleblower protection.


The coverage rate of NRCMS in Village A was investigated using questionnaire and interview.The results showed that there were many problems despite of high coverage rate.The farmers benefited little from NRCMS and had poor knowledge about NRCMS.Many of them were unwilling to participate in NRCMS.In addition,the NRCMS system had poor management and supervision mechanism.We eventually proposed how to maintain high coverage rate of NRCMS.


The present study explores the contemporary status of women harassment in Pakistani media industry taking alongside theoretical consideration of liberal feminism theory. An empirical method was adopted and in-depth interviews were conducted with media employees of both genders at television channels of the country. The study examined six core dimensions of harassment including working environment of the organization, male dominance, women harassment at workplaces, stereotype thinking patterns about women, offensive remarks on appearance of female colleagues and reporting of harassment issues to explore the current situation of women harassment in television channels of high repute. Findings of the study revealed that regardless of their ample role in thriving Pakistani media, women journalists are facing harassment at their workplaces but majority of them lesser likely to report harassment issues. Existence of stereotype thinking patterns about women and offensive remarks about appearance of women point towards severity of situation about women harassment at Pakistani media industry. Interestingly, despite male domination in media industry, general environment of media organizations is reported as satisfactory at large, whereas research concludes with highlighting areas for people working within and outside media organizations to eradicate harassment at workplaces.


Objective Lumbar radiculopathy (LR) often manifests as pain in the lower back radiating into one leg (sciatica). Unsuccessful back surgery is associated with significant healthcare costs and risks to patients. This review aims to examine the diagnostic accuracy of selective nerve root blocks (SNRBs) to identify patients most likely to benefit from lumbar decompression surgery. Design Systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Eligibility criteria Primary research articles using a patient population with low back pain and symptoms in the leg, SNRB administered under radiological guidance as index test, and any reported reference standard for the diagnosis of LR. Information sources MEDLINE (Ovid), MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, Biosis, LILACS, Dissertation abstracts and National Technical Information Service from inception to 2018. Methods Risk of bias and applicability was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. We performed random-effects logistic regression to meta-analyse studies grouped by reference standard. Results 6 studies (341 patients) were included in this review. All studies were judged at high risk of bias. There was substantial heterogeneity across studies in sensitivity (range 57%–100%) and specificity (10%–86%) estimates. Four studies were diagnostic cohort studies that used either intraoperative findings during surgery (pooled sensitivity: 93.5% [95% CI 84.0 to 97.6]; specificity: 50.0% [16.8 to 83.2]) or 'outcome following surgery' as the reference standard (pooled sensitivity: 90.9% [83.1 to 95.3]; specificity 22.0% [7.4 to 49.9]). Two studies had a within-patient case-control study design, but results were not pooled because different types of control injections were used. Conclusions We found limited evidence which was of low methodological quality indicating that the diagnostic accuracy of SNRB is uncertain and that specificity in particular may be low. SNRB is a safe test with a low risk of clinically significant complications, but it remains unclear whether the additional diagnostic information it provides justifies the cost of the test.


Introduction Through this research into the solution of the cubic, I hope to learn the thoughts of mathematicians during this period of history. This knowledge must be conveyed in a way that is historically and mathematically accurate, yet comprehensible and readily available to use in a class of eighth grade math students. It is my wish that as we begin to delve into the world of algebraic and graphical solutions to the problems in the eighth grade text, students will be able to make a connection with this information to that they are currently using to solve their problems. They should be made aware of the importance of math throughout history and able to enjoy parts of this problem-solving experience. It is commonly assumed that solving the quadratic equation is the algebraic pinnacle of the middle school curriculum. Through this paper and by using a historical approach I hope to present the cubic to future eigth graders. The motivation for doing this is follows.


Dolores is born in Pittsburgh's Soho, one of America's most dangerous neighborhoods for an infant. Typhoid runs rampant, and tenement life is horrific. Maurice ison the road at the time of her birth, working his way up from tent shows to stock companies. As soon as financially possible, he moves his growing family to New York, where he is eventually hired by the Spooner Company of Brooklyn. The Spooner sisters have fast become a powerhouse in the male-dominated theatrical world, and as a member of their company Maurice firmly establishes himself as a legitimate stage actor. Mae's second pregnancy and her growing dissatisfaction with Maurice's incomeforce him to consider having a go at the movies.


This paper, from historical and philosophical perspectives, presents Confucian education philosophy, a philosophy that is argued is a philosophy of lifelong learning. Examined and illustrated are the Confucian concepts of Sage, a Confucian ideal human model, and Jun Zi, a Confucian realistic educational result. Through Sage, Confucius presented us an ideal model of humanity, a model that uses lifelong learning as its method and processes. The Confucian model encourages becoming the undivided 'I' with the universe, the unity of 'I' with other human beings, and the wholeness of 'I' with 'self'. Through Jun Zi, understood as a realistic educational end, Confucius demonstrated that lifelong learning and lifelong education are necessary processes in enabling human beings to realize and practice their true nature—that is, living happily in and with the worlds of different kinds: universe, nature, society/other human beings, and self. The examination of Confucian multi‐dimensional educational purposes and the practices of lifelong and life‐wide learning denote that Confucius' educational philosophy rests upon a belief that the human beings are the ends, not the means, to being in the world. Therefore, Confucian educational philosophy presents us an alternative lens through which to view and ponder the limit of current practices of lifelong learning and lifelong education.


This study aims to propose in carrying out sailing activities on the KN. Arcturus ship every week, so that maintenance and maintenance activities need to be carried out properly and scheduled so as not to interfere with ongoing production activities. The current machine breakdown is still relatively high and requires a long repair time, what is proposed is preventive maintenance using the Clustering technique. The method used is K-Means Clustering. By using this method, the data that has been obtained can be grouped into several clusters, based on the similarity of these data, so that data that has the same characteristics are grouped into one cluster and those that have different characteristics are grouped into another cluster. We can use the abundance of data to find hidden information from these data. In order to find out the hidden information from these data, it is necessary to process the data. The data processing process is also known as data mining. With this grouping it will know the results of the analyzed data.


The article summarizes that the main problem of forming a modern urban development documentation system consists in direct tendencies of functional-spatial and planning regulation of urban layouts, in the development of the territory with the help of special tools, territorial indicat ors, and urban planning regulations. Whereas the updated documents should meet new conditions of spatial development of the territory – regulation o f socio-economic processes and the architecturalplanning organization of urban planning systems with the help of urban development, including legal regulation of relations between subjects of urban development. The purpose of the article is to analyse the condition and prospects of using geographical and informational systems in urban planning. A number of scientific methods have been used to achieve this purpose, in particular: analysis, synthesis, g eneralization, summaries, etc. Urban development informational content expansion is a trend that characterizes each stage of its development. Under modern socio-economic conditions, the tendency has become a consistency, which, in combination with the managing (regulating) aspect of the modern content of urban development and the improvement of legal relations of subjects of urban development determines the essence of the current stage of urban development. At present, informational systems are more actively used in Ukrainian urban development rather than in urban development data banks. It has been summarized that due to informational systems, specialists have the opportunity to see, assess, ta ke into account modern processes of the territory development and create the basis for its sustainable spatial development. Informational technologies have become an integral part of urban development and have contributed a new organizing and optimizing start, having increased its overall efficien cy. A special place in urban development is given to geographical and informational systems (GIS). Their main functions are to create an urban development informational environment, to store territorial cartographical (spatial) information. It has been generalizes that the use of GIS in urban development involves their specific complex structural application. The information structure o f any GIS urban profile is formed on the basis of informational and technological blocks, thematic and informational layers of graphic (cartographical) information, banks and databases.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Monoclonal antibodies (Ab) represent the fastest growing drug class. Knowledge of the biophysical parameters (kon , koff , and KD ) that dictate Ab:receptor interaction is critical during the drug discovery process. However, with the increasing complexity of Ab formats and their targets, it became apparent that existing technologies presented limitations and were not always suitable to determine these parameters. Therefore, novel affinity determination methods represent an unmet assay need.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
We developed a pre-equilibrium kinetic exclusion assay using recent mathematical advances to determine the kon , koff , and KD of monoclonal Ab:receptor interactions on living cells. The assay is amenable to all human IgG1 and rabbit Abs.

KEY RESULTS
Using our novel assay, we demonstrated for several monoclonal Ab:receptor pairs that the calculated kinetic rate constants were comparable to orthogonal methods that were lower throughput or more resource consuming. We ran simulations to predict the critical conditions to improve the performance of the assays. We further showed that this method could successfully be applied to both suspension and adherent cells. Finally, we demonstrated that kon , koff , but not KD , correlate with in vitro potency for a panel of monoclonal Abs.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Our novel assay has the potential to systematically probe binding kinetics of monoclonal Abs to cells and can be incorporated in a screening cascade to identify new therapeutic candidates. Wide-spread adoption of pre-equilibrium assays using physiologically relevant systems will lead to a more holistic understanding of how Ab binding kinetics influence their potency.


Galaxy-wide star formation can be quenched by a number of physical processes such as environmental effects (e.g., ram pressure stripping) and supernova feedback. Using numerical simulations, we here demonstrate that star formation can be severely suppressed in disk galaxies with their gas disks counter-rotating with respect to their stellar disks. This new mechanism of star formation suppression (or quenching) does not depend so strongly on model parameters of disk galaxies, such as bulge-to-disk- ratios and gas mass fractions. Such severe suppression of star formation is due largely to the suppression of the gas density enhancing mechanism i.e spiral arm formation in disk galaxies with counter-rotating gas. Our simulations also show that molecular hydrogen and dust can be rather slowly consumed by star formation in disk galaxies with counter-rotating gas disks (i.e., long gas depletion timescale). Based on these results, we suggest that spiral and S0 galaxies with counter-rotation can have rather low star formation rate for their gas densities. Also we suggest that a minor fraction of S0 galaxies have no prominent spiral arms, because they have a higher fraction of counter-rotating gas. We predict that poststarburst E+A disk galaxies with cold gas could have counter-rotating gas.


32 review.ifom.eu The study of most signal transduction pathways have progressed immensely in the last years in terms of identification of ligands, receptors, transducers, and transcriptional outputs. Yet, current knowledge of signaling circuitries is still vague in terms of how the parts interact with the cell infrastructure devoted to produce, deliver and degrade them, namely the membrane compartment. A case in point of such lack of cell biological insight is that of Notch signaling. This signaling system is simple, consisting of a transmembrane receptor that doubles as transcription factor, when liberated from membrane by a rather generic protease.


The Doppler shift of the time-varying multi-path channel is estimated by calculating the level crossing rate (LCR) of the signal envelope of the channel coefficient estimates of the strongest path. In order to reduce long observation duration and memory requirements, we recommend to use the 1st order autoregressive (AR(1)) filter. Simulation results show the fast convergence of the proposed algorithm while guaranteeing the estimating accuracy at the same time.


This research aims to find out (1) the implementation process of the billboard tax collection policy in Gorontalo City, and (2) the factors determining the success of the billboard tax collection policy in Gorontalo City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method by using data sources conducted through in-depth interviews with informants. The research findings show that the Implementation Process of the Reclame Tax Collection Policy in Gorontalo City is good in planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. In general, it has been implemented but is not optimal. In the implementation stage, it has not been optimal in terms of annual realization revenue. In the monitoring and evaluation stage, has been through meetings but has not shown the suitability between the implementer's achievements and what was targeted in the planning. Factors that determine the success of the Implementation of the Billboard Tax Collection Policy in Gorontalo City communication, the attitude of implementers, and the bureaucratic structure have been implemented well. As for resources, they have limited human resources.


2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a promising material system for optoelectronic applications. However, their key figure of merit, the room‐temperature photoluminescence (PL), is extremely low. To overcome this challenge, TMDs need interfacing with other semiconducting materials and discover the underlying physical phenomena. Herein, the optical properties and PL mechanisms of molybdenum disulfide‐organic perylene derivative (PDI/MoS2) based type‐II heterostructures, i.e., PTCDA/MoS2 and PTCDI‐Ph/MoS2, are studied experimentally and theoretically. The PL of MoS2 in PTCDA/MoS2 is enhanced, while a dramatic PL quenching of MoS2 is observed on PTCDI‐Ph/MoS2. The significant radiative PL enhancement of PTCDA/MoS2 is primarily due to the bandgap reduction, high exciton/trion ratio, and epitaxial growth of PTCDA. In contrast, "trap‐like" states in heterointerface, relatively low exciton/trion ratio, and less ordered morphology are responsible for PL quenching of PTCDI‐Ph/MoS2 heterostructure. These findings would provoke a new way to engineer the light‐matter interactions in organic/TMD hybrids, which enables light‐emitting, light‐harvesting applications, and neuromorphic devices.