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Background: β thalassemia major results in ineffective erythropoiesis. Blood transfusion aims, in part, to suppress this and to limit morbidity from anaemia, bone marrow expansion and extra-medullary hemopoiesis (EMH), thereby increasing survival. According to current international guidelines, males and females are transfused equally.

Aims: We sought to assess the adequacy of suppression of erythropoiesis in all 126 transfused adult (>18 years) males and females with β thalassemia major at our centre by: (1) assessing readily available pre-transfusion indices of erythropoiesis, including erythropoietin (EPO) levels; (2) determining the volume of blood transfused per kilogram (kg) and per calculated blood volume; and (3) assessing the incidence of para-spinal EMH masses based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: We analysed pre-transfusion ( i.e., the day of transfusion) hemoglobin (Hb), reticulocyte count, red blood cell count (RCC), nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) count, EPO and ferritin levels in patients receiving stable, regular blood transfusion. Automated and manual NRBC and reticulocyte enumerations were performed. Blood volume was calculated using Nadler's formula. MRI performed to assess cardiac function and hepatic and cardiac iron loading was reviewed for the presence of para-spinal EMH.

Results: One hundred and sixteen adult patients (51 males and 65 females) provided pre-transfusion blood samples (Table 1). The 10 patients not included were either not available or declined testing. The mean pre-transfusion Hb was 98-99g/l with no difference between males or females (Table 2). Therefore, our data reflect long-standing adherence to current international transfusion recommendations. EPO levels and NRBC count (manual and automated) were significantly higher in males compared to females. RCC, reticulocyte count (manual and automated) and ferritin levels were not different between males and females. Males received less blood per kg of body weight and per calculated blood volume. The incidence of para-spinal EMH was 13% (14/110) and was significantly higher in males (11/50) compared to females (3/60)(22% versus 5%, respectively, ( p = 0.01)). The incidence of splenectomy was higher in males.

Conclusions: These findings confirm that erythropoiesis is not equally suppressed in males and females and that males are more prone to complications from being under-transfused with current transfusion practices. This work has major clinical implications for transfusion practices in the management of β thalassemia major.

| Variable | Overall | Males | Females | p value |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | -------- |
| Number | 116 | 51 | 65 | - |
| Age (years) | 39.3 ± 9.3 | 40.0 ± 9.6 | 38.8 ± 9.1 | 0.511 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.0 ± 11.6 | 64.9 ± 9.8 | 55.7 ± 12.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 159 ± 10.5 | 166 ± 8.3 | 153 ± 8.1 | < 0.0001 |
| Transfusion interval (weeks) | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 0.168 |
| No. RBC units per transfusion | 3.03 ± 0.63 | 3.22 ± 0.76 | 2.89 ± 0.48 | 0.006 |
| Estimated annual transfused volume (l) | 13.5 (10.1-13.5) | 14.0 (14.0-14.0) | 14.0 (10.0-14.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Estimated annual transfused volume per kg (ml/kg) | 215 (185-255) | 202 (185-225) | 225 (188-263) | 0.028 |
| Estimated patient blood volume (l) | 3.79 ± 0.73 | 4.39 ± 0.50 | 3.32 ± 0.52 | < 0.0001 |
| Ratio of estimated annual transfused volume (l) per estimated patient blood volume (l) | 3.33 (2.84-4.01) | 2.98 (2.68-3.28) | 3.79 (3.3-4.35) | < 0.0001 |
| Splenectomy | 49.5% | 61% | 40% | 0.031 |

Abstract 4045. Table 1
Summary of patients included in the study

Data are mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or percentage. Transfused volumes are calculated on the assumption that each unit contains 260ml red cells (Australia Red Cross Blood Service red cell unit mean volume = 259 ± 23ml). Nadler's formula for total blood volume (TBV): men TBV (ml) = 604 + (367 x height3(m3)) + (32.2 x weight (kg)); women TBV = 183 + (356 x height3(m3)) + 33.1 x weight (kg)).

| Variable | Overall | Male | Female | p value |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | ------- |
| Hemoglobin (g/l) | 98 ± 8.9 | 98 ± 9.9 | 99 ± 8.1 | 0.36 |
| Red cell count (x 1012/l) | 3.4 ± 0.35 | 3.45 ± 0.40 | 3.50 ± 0.32 | 0.46 |
| Ferritin (mcg/l) | 821 (604-1300) | 754 (582-1139) | 943 (639-1356) | 0.11 |
| Erythropoietin (mIU/ml) | 58 (37-99) | 72 (41-149) | 52 (35-89) | 0.006 |
| Manual NRBC (number NRBC/100 WBC counted) | 6 (1-54) | 21 (2-98) | 3 (1-28) | 0.003 |
| Automated NRBC (number NRBC/100 WBC counted) | 5 (0-34) | 17 (0-54) | 1 (0-20) | 0.014 |

Table 2.
Laboratory indices of pre-transfusion erythropoiesis for all patients

Data are mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range).

Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Solvable Graphs (also known as Reachable Graphs) are types of graphs that any arrangement of a specified number of agents located on the graph's vertices can be reached from any initial arrangement through agents' moves along the graph's edges, while avoiding deadlocks (interceptions). In this paper, the properties of Solvable Graphs are investigated, and a new concept in multi agent motion planning, called Minimal Solvable Graphs is introduced. Minimal Solvable Graphs are the smallest graphs among Solvable Graphs in terms of the number of vertices. Also, for the first time, the problem of deciding whether a graph is Solvable for m agents is answered.


A polarized 3He target has been successfully used in a number of experiments at Jefferson Lab to study the neutron spin structure as well as the 3He structure. It has been upgraded for an upcoming set of experiments. The recent improvements include a rapid spin‐flip process and polarization in the vertical (that is, normal to scattering plane) direction, allowing for polarization in any of three orthogonal directions. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) polarimetry systems have also been improved.


Background IL‐10 is an anti‐inflammatory cytokine primarily produced by monocytes and macrophages and plays a key role in asthma. IL10 gene, present in chromosome 1q31–q32, is regulated primarily by transcription and its expression is found to be lower in asthmatics. Earlier studies in diverse populations have identified several promoter polymorphisms. However, no study has been carried out in a genetically untapped large population from the Indian Subcontinent.


Objective To prepare a new type of ultrasound contrast agents polymeric microcapsules of liquid perfluorocarbons,and to observe its physical characteristics and effects on enhancing ultrasound and CT imaging in vitro.Methods Polymeric microcapsules of liquid perfluorocarbons were prepared by using emulsion solvent-evaporation process.The morphology and distribution were observed with optical and scanning electron microscope.The size and electric potential were obtained by using laser light scattering analyzer.DiI was added into the organic solution to observe the structure and fluorescence intensity of microcapsules.The enhancement effect in vitro was observed with ultrasound and CT imaging.Results The successfully prepared polymeric microcapsules of liquid perfluorocarbons was milky suspension in appearance,the size and distribution were highly uniformed with core-shell structure,with the mean size and average potential of(413± 32) nm and(-2.42±5.71) mV,respectively.Fluorescent microscopy images showed spherical capsules with a nice red shell and a darker core.The enhancement effects of ultrasound and CT imaging were good.Conclusion The polymeric microcapsules of liquid perfluorocarbons are successfully prepared and can enhance ultrasound and CT imaging in vitro,which may become a new type of multi-function ultrasound contrast agents.


Abstract Corrosion, a gradual destruction of metals as they react to their environment, is a daunting issue faced by the oil and gas industry since it has negative impacts on both life and industry applications. Attempts to tackle this problem have involved a myriad of techniques among which, corrosion inhibitors have been found to be the most effective. Corrosion inhibitors adsorb onto metallic surfaces and insulate them from deterioration. Plants being green and abundant in nature, offer a cost-effective replacement to toxic, chemical inhibitors on the market. Investigations of several plant extracts using different variables to quantify their effectiveness reveal that most of them exhibit an excellent inhibition potential, usually above 90%. These outstanding results prove their efficiency compared to traditional methods and necessitate further studies so as to enable implementation on large scale.


iii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter Two: The Problem of Knowledge 12 From Absolutism to Pragmatism 13 The Spectator Theory of Knowledge 17 Experimentalism is Active Engagement 25 Inquiry is Experimentalism 32 Consummation and Warrant 40 Chapter Three: The Nature of the Individual 44 Human Nature 45 Humans are Beings Capable of Experience 53 Humans as Cultural Beings 55 Humans are Habitual Beings 57 Culture as Communal 59 Institutions which Foster Individual Growth 61 Chapter Four: Habits 65 Habit formation 66 Action as Habits in Operation 73 Habits and Potentialities 76


Scattering losses in various electron and proton synchrotrons by residual gas molecules are obtained for a variety of conditions. Evaluation is made of the effects of (1) injection energy of the particles, (2) the spread of the injected beam, (3) the pressure of the residual gas, (4) the rate at which energy is supplied to the beam particles, and (5) the aperture of the accelerator. It is shown that multiple scattering is the really important factor and that losses due to single scattering are of relative importance only when the total effect of single and multiple scattering is rather small.Scattering losses are tabulated and estimates made of the residual gas pressures in synchrotrons which will not produce prohibitively large losses.


In this paper, a general method of active pattern recognition based on attributes and reasoning (AAR) is proposed. The significance of this scheme is to treat active pattern recognition as a planning process of feature based reasoning and to represent the patterns as well as the sources of the patterns accordingly. The planning process of feature based reasoning in active pattern recognition is to examine the potentially 'important' features and to find the optimal feature or a set of features to recognize the source of patterns. This includes the ability to 'look for' the discriminating set of features when there exist some ambiguities among potential sources. This set of features which is being described as 'critical features' allows to collectively reason with symbolic attributes and to avoid unnecessary comparisons of patterns between the unknown source and a series of the model sources from a database.


Objective : The inotropic effect of amrinone is still controversial in management of congestive heart failure in pediatric patients, especially in infants. In order to determine the cardiovascular effect of amrinone in pediatric patients, we performed echocardiographic evaluation in 11 infants (mean age of 2 months) after intracardiac surgery.


Objective To identify the diagnostic criteria for different types of blood stasis syndrome and provide reliable evidence for clinical ractice.Methods Articles related to blood stasis syndrome were searched from the Chinese core journals in recent 30years.The syndrome elements were extracted and analyzed.Results Totally 184articles were included and the syndrome elements were calculated.Conclusion The blood stasis syndrome could be divided into 8types and the syndrome elements could be identified.The research can provide an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of blood stasis.


In this article we gave a recurrence to obtain the n-th prime number as function of the (n-1)-th prime number.


This study aimed to evaluate the dominant factors of physiological responses of Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz to drought stress. The calcium (Ca2+) fluxes in root tips of P. edulis treated by polyethylene glycol were monitored via non-invasive micro-test technology. The physiological indexes of P. edulis under different soil moisture contents were determined. The regression model was built by curve fitting with the main physiological factors of P. edulis using PCA analysis. The variance contribution rates of the first three principal components of the physiological indicators were 75.0%, 13.3% and 5.0%. Calcium signal sensing protein kinase (CDPK) contents accounted for a larger contribution to the load of the first principal component. The contents of calcium signal sensor protein calmodulin (CaM) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) increased. Meanwhile, drought induced strong Ca2+ influxes in root tips. Additionally, as the soil water content decreased, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, betaine, jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) increased, and auxin (IAA) decreased in P. edulis leaves, strongly correlating with the CaM and CDPK contents. The calcium signal of P. edulis is activated and cascades plant physiological responses to drought stress. This study will provide physiological evidence for research regarding mechanisms of drought resistance of P. edulis.


A comprehensive programme to investigate the behaviour of portland cement concrete exposed to corrosive environment was chalked out in this short duration study.The programme composed of compressive strength study, weight loss study , effect of carbonation, pH test study and study of ultrasonic pulse velocity test. Investigation to study the performance of portland cement concrete of M20 strength exposed to corrosive environment ( 5% H2SO4 Solution, 5% HC 1 Solution, 10% (NH4SO4 Solution and 10% NaOH Sol- ution ) revealed that the concrete cube deteriorated more in acidic environment than alkaline environment. The stre-ngth of PCC exposed to aggressive medium reduced signif- icantly after exposure of 28 days. This reduction in strength was mainly due to expansive salt formation . The formation of expansive salt also resulted in loss of cem-entitious properties and loss of weight. The concrete exposed to H2SO4 solution was found least durable . This study also shows that higher the ultrasonic pulse velocity lower is the corrosion . This paper presents an approach of investigation along with analysis of test results of PCC exposed to corrosive environment.


common features in all learning objects only. The In this paper, we propose two methods of clustering learning images to generate prototypes automatically for object recognition. One is for clustering views of a single object and the other is for clustering different objects observed in a similar direction which belong to a same object class. In both two cases, we first group all learning images into several clusters by considering appearance features and spatial relations between these features, then we construct a prototype in each cluster. generated model which contains common features of all learning objects can be regarded as a prototype. However, most objects, even if they belong to a same object class, can not be described by only one prototype because of a large variety of appearance features and spatial relations among the features. In order to solve the problem of how many prototypes are needed to "cover" all learning objects, we may divide all learning objects into several clusters, so that the objects in the same cluster have similar appearance features and similar partial relations be


The embodiment of the invention discloses image correction method and device, and belongs to the technical field of processing of images. The image collection method comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of control points at the preset position of the image to be corrected; obtaining the deviation vector of each control point according to the global inclination angle of the image; deviating each control point through the deviation vector to obtain the corrected image. With the adoption of the method, the image can be corrected without cutting, and therefore, the image information is avoided loss, and the user can feel great.


This work presents the first resonant infrared (IR) detectors with integrated nanostructured subwavelength plasmonic gratings designed to selectively absorb long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation. The resonant detectors are the smallest in size demonstrated so far. The absorbers are optimized for a spectral wavelength of 10.15 μm and experimentally demonstrate an absorbance of 46% with a Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) of 1.7 μm. The absorbed thermal energy causes a fast (sub-millisecond) proportional change in the frequency of the resonator. The combination of resonant IR detectors with integrated plasmonic absorbers enables spectrally selective IR detectors. Each detector in the array can be optimized for different wavelengths, thus enabling a multi-spectral array for IR spectroscopy and multispectral thermal imaging.


After entering the WTO, the banking in our country will face great concussion from the foreign capital banking. The financial innovation is a breakthrough for the commercial banks which want to exist and develop, must with the finance is creative for break. The commercial bank financial innovation must start with the system innovation, products innovation, business innovation and organization innovation.


The title compound, [Cu(C2H6OS)6](HSO4)2, is composed of discrete [Cu(C2H6OS)6]2+ cations and HSO4− anions. The Cu atom is located on a centre of inversion. Two HSO4− anions are connected via hydrogen bonds, forming a centrosymmetric dimer.


Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using DQα, DQβ and DRβ cDNA probes was performed in Graves' disease patients and control subjects. The following restriction fragment patterns were increased in frequency in patients compared with control subjects: 10 + 70 + 4.0kb DRβ/Taq1 fragments (66%vs32%; P < 0.01;corrected P< 0.06),7.0+4.0 kbDQβ/BamHI fragments (55%vs 15%; P< 0.001; corrected P<0006), and a DQα/TaqI 4.6kb fragment (75%vs 36%; P< 0.005; corrected P < 0.02). These associations could be accounted for by the known association of the B8‐DR3 haplotype with the disorder. No non‐DR3‐related restriction fragment pattern was associated with the disease using any of the probes with restriction enzymes TaqI and BamHI.


This paper presents a novel 13-bit digital RMS calculation unit, specifically designed to be integrated together with sensor and interface circuits in complete microsystems. The circuit exploits oversampling techniques (bitstream processing) to eliminate the area inefficient multipliers required in traditional RMS calculation units. The proposed approach leads to a significant reduction (almost 30%) in the silicon area required to implement the RMS calculation algorithm for a 13 bit word.


Generally, we are having used micro-perforated panels composed by single diameter holes to reduce noise. In this case, the panel's sound absorbing performance can be predicted precisely. However, in another case, we may use different diameter holes to compose a piece of micro-perforated panel for getting higher sound absorbing performance. Its sound absorption characteristic is different from single aperture panel. It shows from measured results that sound absorption in some frequency is different between the two cases. This paper presents sound absorption performance of the composite construction of microperforated panel with different diameter holes, and discuses the sound absorption difference between the two cases. With the composite method, wider sound absorption band can be obtained easily. 1 INTRODUCTION A micro-perforated panel is a sheet panel with many small diameter holes on it. Usually the holes, less than one millimeter in diameter, are the same diameter holes distributed over the panel. Micro-perforated panel acoustic resistance increases tremendously when the holes over its surface are reduced to a small size, such as 0.3mm or even much smaller [1], [2]. Research work on micro-perforated panel absorption mechanisms has been carried out for many years and many papers have been published. However, these papers and research focus on the panel with the same diameter holes. This paper discussed the sound absorption of the panel with different diameter holes. 2 FUNDAMENTAL THEORY Equivalent circuit of micro-perforated panel absorber composed by single diameter hole can be regarded as following Fig. 1. Its acoustic impedance is [2]: z = r + jωm (1) where r = 0.147 d2 t p kr, kr = √ 1 + x2 32 + 0.1768xd t (2) ωm = 1.847ft p km, km = 1 + ( 3 + x 2 )− 2 + 0.85d t (3) x = 10d √ f (4) The following figures are sound absorption structure and equivalent circuit of micro-perforated panel with many different diameter holes on it. The relative acoustic impedance of the panel system: Copyright SFA InterNoise 2000 2 Figure 1: Equivalent circuit of micro-perforated panel absorber. Figure 2: Sound absorption structure and equivalent circuit of micro-perforated panel with many different diameter holes on it. z = ( 1 r1 + jωm1 − jctgωd/c + 1 r2 + jωm2 − jctgωd/c + + 1 rn + jωmn − jctgωd/c )−1 (5) The sound resistance and impedance of the panel system can be calculated separately through Eq. (5). Furthermore, the sound absorption coefficient and absorption band of the system can be obtained. However, this calculation will be very complex. For this reason, we simplify this structure to a simple one, i.e. two kind of diameter holes system. Thus, n=2, the sound resistance and impedance are below: r = [ r1r2 (r1 + r2) + r1 (ωm2 − ctgωd/c) + r2 (ωm1 − ctgωd/c) ] (r1 + r2) 2 + (ωm1 + ωm2 − 2ctgωd/c) (6) x = (ωm1 − ctg (ωd/c) (ωm2 − ctωd/c) + (ωm1 − ctgωd/c) r2 + (ωm2 − ctgωd/c) r1 (r1 + r2) 2 + (ωm1 + ωm2 − 2ctgωd/c) (7) The sound absorption coefficient for normal incidence is: αN = 4r (1 + r) + x2 (8) When n=2, we can select double resonant frequencies in order to widen the attenuation peak. If the two resonant frequency's difference is large enough, the absorption bandwidth is usually three octave bands. Although the double resonant system will interfere each other when the two resonant frequency locations are near, the band is wider than a single helmholtz resonant system. Therefore, it is possible that the panel with many different diameter holes has wider absorption band than one with a single diameter holes although the absorption peak may drops slightly. 3 COMPARISON OF PREDICTED SOUND ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTIC TO MEASURED RESULTS There is an economic method to process thin micro-perforated metal panel with different diameter holes on a large scale. The panel thickness is 0.3mm. The holes diameter changes from 0.12mm to 0.35mm. The measurement samples were tested in the standing wave tube, which is of ∅100mm in transverse section. Shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are measured octave band sound absorption coefficient for the same tube. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are comparisons between measured and predicted absorbing coefficient. In Fig. 3 below, the absorption bandwidth of the panel with different diameter holes is obvious wider than the panel with single diameter holes whatever the hole diameter is the largest 0.35mm or the smallest 0.12mm. In high frequency arrange, the measured result is nearly the same as predicted results of the Copyright SFA InterNoise 2000 3 panel with the holes of 0.3mm in diameter. However, in low frequency measured result is much higher than predicted of the holes of 0.3 mm in diameter. Figs. 5 and 6 is nearly the same as Fig. 3. When the cavity back is 150mm in depth, Fig. 4 shows that the measured results both in high frequency and lower frequency are better than predicted guideline of the holes 0.3mm in diameter although the peak of measured results drops slightly. Figure 3: Comparison between predicted and measured sound absorption coefficient. Figure 4: Comparison between predicted and measured sound absorption coefficient. 4 CONCLUSION In this paper, equations have been presented for prediction of sound absorption of micro-perforated panel with many different diameter holes. The sound absorption characteristic of the panel with different diameter holes has been discussed. If a selected hole diameter is used for forming micro-perforated panel, we can widen its absorption bandwidth through changing randomly hole diameter in a certain arrange. Generally the diameter of most of the holes should be smaller than the selected diameter. REFERENCES 1. D.Y.Maa, Theory and Design of Micro-perforated Panel Sound Absorbing Constructions, Scientia Sinica, Vol. XVIII, pp. 38-50, 1999 Copyright SFA InterNoise 2000 4 Figure 5: Comparison between predicted and measured sound absorption coefficient. Figure 6: Comparison between predicted and measured sound absorption coefficient. 2. D.Y.Maa, General Theory And Design Of Micro-perforated Panel Absorber, Acta Acoustica, Vol. 22(5), pp. 365-393, 1997


ABSTRACT To study the origin and spread of Yersinia enterocolitica among pigs, fecal and blood samples were repeatedly taken on a fattening farm. A few piglets were found to be already infected on breeding farms. After the piglets were mixed, the infection spread through the whole unit. Eventually, all the pigs excreted the pathogen.


A new genus and species: Euchilofulviella ernsti gen. n. sp. n. is described and from Fiji. Lepidofulvius P OPPIUS is proposed as a subgenus of Euchilofulvius Poppius, stat. nov. A key to the genera of Euchilofulvius-group, a key to the subgenera of Euchilofulvius as well as keys to the species of the subgenus Euchilofulvius s. str. and the genus Schmitzofulvius G ORCZYCA are presented. Euchilofulvius ( E.) antennatus sp. n. is described. Redescriptions of the genus Euchilofulvius POPP., Euchilofulvius (Lepidofulvius) carinatus (POPP.), comb. nov. and new localities of Euchilofulvius tibialis POPPIUS are given.


A near field communications (NFC) device is disclosed that is capable of optimizing a gain for received signals. Measurements are made of signals received from an NFC environment and are compared to one or more threshold hold values. Based on the comparison, it is determined whether the measurements indicate underamplification or overamplification. Depending on the results of the analysis, one or more components within the NFC device is adjusted to increase or decrease the gain, respectively. The measurements may be taken during an unloaded baseline state or during loading, and may be compared to previous measurements to estimate their accuracy.


The paper studies the history and current developments of decision sciences including some research directions.Furthermore it prospects the future research as well.


All-oxide ceramic composites as a material with potential for long life-time applications at temperatures in the 1400–1600°C range in combustion environments were studied. The properties of available polycrystalline and single crystal oxide fibres were summarised. The literature on stable weak interfaces in all-oxide composites was reviewed. Composites with single crystal fibres, a polycrystalline matrix of the same material as the fibres, and a compatible high temperature stable weak oxide interphase was suggested to be the most promising approach. Recent progress in an ongoing European project aiming at development, scale-up and property evaluation of all-oxide composites is reported. The composite will be applied to a simple prototype combustor tile and tested in a combustor rig.© 1997 ASME


There are many fields in medicine and biology where optical coherence tomography (OCT) is starting to be used for diagnostics imaging. In our work, OCT imaging has been applied to obtain 3D structure and geometry of mouse aorta and atherosclerotic plaques in it. Differences in plaque formation have been detected between mice fed with cholesterol rich food, and mice kept on special diet. The results of OCT measurements have been confirmed with optical microscopy.


Keywords: figurative language, advertisement, Indonesia Tatler magazine. Figurative language is related to the aesthetic of words. The writer conducted a research about figurative language in the advertisement taglines in Indonesia Tatler magazine. This study is aimed to identify: (1) the kinds of figurative language found in some selected advertisement taglines in Indonesia Tatler magazine. (2) the meanings of the figurative language of some selected advertisement taglines found in Indonesia Tatler magazine. In  this research, the writer uses qualitative approach. The data source is Indonesia Tatler magazine August 2013 edition, the taglines of analysis are from advertisement in Indonesia Tatler magazine. There were several steps to collect the data: taking advertisement from Indonesia Tatler August 2013 edition, Selecting, listing, identifying advertisement taglines which contain figurative language related with theory of Keraf. The writer analyzed it trough the following steps identifying what kinds of figurative language used in the advertisement taglines with related theories, classifying the data and putting it into table, analyzing the meaning of the figurative language of some selected advertisement taglines. The writer selected 20 advertisement taglines from Indonesia Tatler magazine as the object of her research by using the theories of figurative language, connotative and denotative approach about style in language. The writer has been finding: alliteration, personification, hyperbole, metonymy, and climax. Personification is prefered to use in some advertisements in Indonesia Tatler magazine. Personification is assumed to be the most effective way than others, this figurative language can support and create an interesting meaning since it is reflecting human's characteristics into the thing. The writer suggests that the next researchers conduct similar research about figurative language by using different point of view or objects. Moreover, the next researchers are able to find other theories concerning the idea of figurative language.


Objective To investigate whether the stent coated with bio-degradable macromolecule carrying endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) CD34 antibody can prevent restenosis in the porcine coronary after percutaneous stent implantation.Methods Bio-degradable macromolecule polyethyleneglycol-polylactic acid-polyglutamic acid(PLA-PEG-PGL) was used as the carrier,and EPCs CD34 antibody eluting stent was made by N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate(SPDP).18 swines were randomly assigned into paclitaxel eluting stent,CD34 antibody stent,and bare metal stent groups(n=6).Paclitaxel eluting,CD34 antibody,and stainless steel bare metal stents were embedded into the injured coronary arteries of the swine respectively.After 4 weeks,all swines were killed and coronary arteries of stent section were obtained to observe the pathological changes and analyze lumen area,intimal hyperplasia area and the percent of stenosis area by computer graphic technology.Results The intimal hyperplasia areas of CD34 antibody stent and paclitaxel eluting stent groups were all smaller than that of bare metal stent group(all P0.05),and there was no statistical difference between the paclitaxel eluting stent and CD34 antibody stent group(P0.05).Conclusions The stent coated with bio-degradable macromolecule carrying endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) CD34 antibody can obviously reduce restenosis by accelerating vascular endothelial repairing after stent implantation.


In argumentation, framing is used to emphasize a specific aspect of a controversial topic while concealing others. When talking about legalizing drugs, for instance, its economical aspect may be emphasized. In general, we call a set of arguments that focus on the same aspect a frame. An argumentative text has to serve the "right" frame(s) to convince the audience to adopt the author's stance (e.g., being pro or con legalizing drugs). More specifically, an author has to choose frames that fit the audience's cultural background and interests. This paper introduces frame identification, which is the task of splitting a set of arguments into non-overlapping frames. We present a fully unsupervised approach to this task, which first removes topical information and then identifies frames using clustering. For evaluation purposes, we provide a corpus with 12, 326 debate-portal arguments, organized along the frames of the debates' topics. On this corpus, our approach outperforms different strong baselines, achieving an F1-score of 0.28.


scan or brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), lumbar puncture, metabolic study, EEG (electroencephalogram), and so forth were carried out. Finally, the data were analyzed and the most common causes of loss of consciousness were determined. Results: Among the 123 children under investigation, 76 cases were male (61.8%) and 47 females (38.2%) with the mean age of 3.2 ± 0.64 years. The most common causes of loss of consciousness among children were as follows: toxic causes in 61 patients (49.6%), infectious causes in 30 patients (24.4%), metabolic causes in 11 patients (8.9%), structural brain abnormalities in 4 patients (3.3%) and seizure in 7 children (5.7%). Moreover, 10 patients (8.1%) had other causes of loss of consciousness. Conclusions: Toxic causes with an incidence of 49.6% were the most common cause of loss of consciousness among all age groups.


The purpose of this work is to analyze the relationship between the consumption of collective goods and a new digital market. In this case, from the use of blockchain technology (such as cryptocurrency and crypto art) to understanding how education can develop with the rise of digital multiculturalism. Therefore, in the current work, we have analyzed what is the conceptual relationship of collection in history. Now, at the second moment, we have developed the description of cryptocurrency blockchain, and then analyzed NFT. Finally, it reviews metaverse's education and vision and how to use these new digital technologies in order to put forward typical suggestions and reflections in the field of education.


Knowledge acquisition plays an important role for firms, particularly those in developing countries, helping them keep up with process and product innovation and also to effectively compete in the domestic and export markets. Foreign direct investment is often regarded as the major source of knowledge acquisition for local firms in developing countries. The global value chain (GVC) framework provides an analytical tool for understanding knowledge transfer and acquisition in the context of governance. Based on empirical evidence within the Indonesian consumer electronics sector, this paper explores knowledge transfer and acquisition in the context of governance of value chains in which Indonesian manufacturing firms are engaged. Different forms of GVC governance have an impact on knowledge transfer and learning mechanisms within the chains. In captive value chains, Indonesian firms acquire production knowledge and capability from global lead firms by satisfying product and process specifications imposed by the global lead firms. In hierarchical structures, Indonesian firms learn from their joint venture partners not only production capability, but also design and product engineering. Within market-based structures, Indonesian firms acquire production and non-production knowledge through their own efforts in accessing external knowledge sources other than global lead electronics firms.


The paper reports on the transfer of stable optical frequency through free-space optical testbed and a fiber link testbed. The measurement results show the phase noise of free-space optical channel without turbulence, with atmospheric turbulence and with active stabilization of the received optical wave by MEMS mirror. The results are compared with a 1-Hz linewidth laser.


GEArray TM analysis The non-radioactive GEArray TM original and Q series cDNA expression array filters (Original Series Mouse Common Cytokine-1 Gene Array, Cat. No.: mGEA101207N and Mouse Inflammatory Cytokine/Receptor Gene Array Q series, Cat. No.: MM-002N-4) were used, and hybridization procedures were as described by the manufacturer (SuperArray Inc., Bethesda, MD). Total RNA was isolated from tissue samples of mice after in vivo mAb treatment using the RNeasy Midi Kit (Qiagen). The quality of RNA was assessed using an Agilent Technologies 2100 Bioanalyzer (Caliper Technologies Corp.). Aliquots of total RNA (5 g) were taken to prepare biotin dUTP-labeled cDNA probes using gene specific primers and 200 U of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MMLV) reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen). The array filters were hybridized (60 o C, 17 h) with biotin-labeled probes, washed twice with 2x saline sodium citrate buffer (SSC)/1% SDS and then twice with 0.1 x SSC/1% SDS at 60ºC for 16 min each. The arrays were then developed using alkaline phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin and CDP-Star substrate (SuperArray Inc.), and visualized by autoradiography. The relative amount of each transcript was determined by scanning densitometry, and these signal intensities were compared to GAPDH (Original Series Mouse Common Cytokine-1 Gene Array) and the cyclophilin A signal (Mouse Inflammatory Cytokine/Receptor Gene Array Q series). For Gene Array Q series analysis, data was analyzed (pUC18 plasmid DNA background subtraction and normalization to cyclophilin A) using GEArray Analyzer Software, as described by the manufacturer (www.superarray.com). All cDNA array experiments were performed twice. A greater than twofold change in signal intensity was considered significant. Immunoprecipitation of IL-16. NOD pancreata were homogenized in 1 ml ice-cold lysis RIPA buffer supplemented with Complete protease inhibitors (Roche). Protein concentrations in lysates were determined using a DC Protein Assay (BioRad) to ensure that equal amounts of lysate protein were used for immunoprecipitation. Protein A/G Plus agarose beads (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) pre-incubated with the 14.1 anti-IL-16 or IgG2a(κ) isotype-matched control (MOPC 173, BD Biosciences) were added to an aliquot (30 mg protein) of each lysate and incubated overnight at 4 o C. Proteins released from the washed beads by boiling in SDS sample buffer were fractionated by SDS-PAGE (4-12% Bis-Tris gradient gel) (Invitrogen) and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Roche). IL-16 isoforms were detected by blotting with the biotinylated 17.1 anti-IL-16 plus a Streptavidin horseradish peroxidase conjugate (Pierce Biotechnology). Signals were detected by electrochemiluminescence (Amersham). For enhanced visualization of mature IL-16 (18 kDa), blots …


This chapter describes the importance of using globally applicable standards to advance transformative digital health transformation change across the healthcare ecosystem. It examines the details of each of seven maturity model available to global healthcare entities today. The chapter compares and contrasts the four attributes of each maturity model while recognizing the differences among each. In this time of rapid change, hospitals, health systems and other healthcare provider organizations globally are building strategies to improve capacity. As demonstrated with COVID-19, there is a clear need to manage surges in demand for care, supply chain and logistics effectiveness, and building of new virtual care delivery models that ensure meaningful connectivity with patients when care is needed most. To meet these demands, Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society has created globally applicable frameworks, models and tools to build, measure and advance health system transformation. © 2021 Taylor and Francis.


A hybrid delivery method of contents for dividing contents according to the number of delivery networks and transmitting the divided contents is disclosed. The hybrid delivery method of contents comprises the steps of: enabling a server to generate composition information of divided SVC video contents by dividing the SVC video contents to be delivered from the server to a client; and transmitting the divided SVC video contents to the client using a plurality of delivery networks. Therefore, the hybrid delivery method of contents can efficiently use various delivery networks.


We investigate the effects of inactive regions (dead zones) in a multiple-quantum-well binary phase modulator used for free-space dynamic optical-interconnection applications.


A B S T R A C T The gene rec-l+ which reduces allelic recombination at the his-I locus by a factor of between 15 and 30 has no effect upon allelic recombination at the his-2, his-3, his-5, his-6 and his-7 loci. Other genes controlling recombination at two of these loci, namely rec-x at his-2 and rec-w at his8, have been found. There is a strong possibility that rec-x may be identical with rec-3, so far known to regulate recombination only at the am-i locus. It is probable that the stocks used all carry a rec+ gene which regulates recombination at the his8- locus, since all prototroph frequencies are -low, but no regulatory gene active at the his-5 and his-7 loci. THE DISCOVERY of genes which regulate recombination at specific loci (D.G. Catcheside, 1968) and the inability, to discover any other effect of them (D.E.A. Catcheside, 1968a, b) has prompted intensification of the search for further specific loci sensitive to a given rec gene. The possibility that a given rec gene might somehow be in control of several genes concerned with the specification of the enzymes in a biosynthetic pathway has been examined with particular reference to rec-1 and all but one of the his loci in Neurospora crassa; his-4 could not be studied owing to technical difficulties. Such a relationship to his genes could arise if a prime function of the rec-l+ gene was to produce a regulator of transcription, able to act on several of the genes in the histidine pathway, the regulation of recombination being secondary. The rec-1 and rec-l+ genes are assayed by measuring the frequency of recombination between two his-i alleles, usually K83 and K651, one of the stocks (the tester) being known to be rec-1. In the presence of rec-l+ the frequency of prototrophs produced by crosses of these two alleles is about 1 per 105; in the absence of rec-l+ the frequency is about 30 per 105. A particular difficulty attends the study of a possible effect on other his loci, since recombination at any one his locus cannot be studied in the presence in the same stocks of a mutant at another his locus. It has been necessary, therefore, to locate rec-1 and then proceed to insert rec-1 and rec-1+ into various stocks of other his mutants by breeding methods in which the rec-1 segment was defined and followed by means of two genes, one on each side of the rec-1 locus.


On gas chromatographic determination of preservatives in wine, there was a peak on the gaschromatogram which seemed to be one of the ordinary constituents of wine, near the peak of benzoic acid. The peak obstructed the analysis on some conditions of gas chromatography. The constituent of the obstacle was identified as ethyl succinate and detected from red and white wines and raw material wines. Then we confirmed that it was impossible to distinguish it from benzoic acid on some temperature conditions of gas chromatography.


A method to compensate linear and nonlinear effects in a high capacity fiber-optic (FO) communication systems, called Distance Folded Digital Backward Propagation (DF or DF-DBP), is implemented. It is a variant of the Digital Backward Propagation method (DBP) and it has the advantage of reducing the computational cost with respect to DBP. The DF consists in applying the Split Step Fourier Method (SSFM) to solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) conversely, but using fewer steps than in the DBP. It is evaluated a DF implementation for an 8-channel division multiplexed wavelength (WDM) system, with a transmission rate of 128 Gb/s per channel, a 16-QAM modulation format, and a link of 1200 km length. The system performance is compared in three cases: when electronic compensation is used by DF and by DBP, and when optical dispersion compensation is employed through DCF fiber.


Alternative Breaks on college campuses have moved from a "feel good" week of service to a movement for social change. Working Side by Side is a comprehensive look at these short-term and immersive service experiences led by students during weekends or academic breaks. The authors provide an effective introduction to those unfamiliar with co-curricular service experiences, explaining the history, structure, and critical components of Alternative Breaks. In addition to its practicality as a "how-to" manual, Working Side by Side offers a more theoretical argument for understanding Alternative Breaks as a social justice movement in which students develop as active citizens and communities are made stronger through their efforts together.


The landmark measurement of human skull is fundamental to geometric morphometry of palaeoanthropology. The landmarks are geometry points which can describe anatomically the homology of species group. They play an important role in palaeoanthropology. A structured-light based method is used to measure and make the 3D digital model of skull. The distances between all pairs of landmarks and interior angles from triangulations of the landmarks can be measured fast and accurately by the digital model. Other important geometric parameters of the skull, such as curvature, surface area, volume can also be measured. In order to validate and certificate the proposed method, 9 standard balls, which are embed at the landmarks, are measured by using Coordinate Measuring Arm (CMA). The experiment shows that the measuring errors of the distances and angles are less than 0.08 mm and 5' respectively.


Mobiles phones play a vital role in our day-to-day life and their revolution has brought numerous changes not only in professional life but also personal lives of people across the globe. Initially, mobile phones were used for communication purpose, but with the advanced developments we are now using applications directly. This paper focuses and presents a novel application (app) named Advance Movie Ticketing System (AMTS) for online booking of movie tickets, followed by many other facilities also. Once the ticket is booked, a secured QR code is generated which is to be used at the ticket verification and authentication at various Cinema halls. By this application the physical transactions and the redundant physical checks may be reduced to some extent.


The status of women has been greatly improved in the institutional level and reality level after World War II.But if having land rights is the ultimate goal of women's economic advancement,Japan's rural women are still severely limited in terms of economic advancement.Because after 60 years past after since war,the slow progress of rural women's land rights does not really keep pace.Women's land right is a matter of law,policy,gender awareness,farm family characteristics and other farming factors.Law and social policies are the protections of women's access to land rights,concrete and effective implementation depends on the family.Therefore,in order to eliminate the deviation of theory and reality,means should not only rely on a single method,it also needs to coordinate all other aspects.Reinforce the economic status of women through the acquisition of land right,further promote their position in family,in social to a higher level is the target that the Japanese rural community should work towards.


The natural Sr isotope composition of acid leached soils developed on loess, under beech forest, in central Belgium was used as a tracer of soil forming processes, in conjunction with physico-chemical and quantitative mineralogical investigations. Attention was focused on weathering and exchange processes, with special emphasis on the origin of the current soil exchangeable fraction and the influence of the atmospheric deposition and biological cycling on the calcium exchangeable pool (Sr acts as a proxy for Ca). The determination of Sr/Sr ratios was made on the bulk soil, on the clayand silt-size soil separates, on 0.1 M HCl extracts, on the labile pool, on the soil solution and on the bulk precipitation. The acid leached soil profiles are characterized by a sequence of weathering processes that is highlighted by both mineralogical and isotopic changes. From the calcareous unweathered loess (pH 7.5) to the uppermost soil horizons (pH < 4.0) the evolution of the Sr/Sr isotope ratio clearly reflects: (i) the selective weathering of Ca-plagioclase (small Sr/Sr ratio) and the increasing proportion of resistant Kand Rb-rich minerals (large Sr/Sr ratio) in the uppermost soil horizons; and (ii) a downward translocation of clay minerals with a large isotopic ratio, a physical breakdown of muscovite and a non-congruent chemical weathering of K-feldspar. The influence of organic restitutions or atmospheric deposition is not significant. The comparison between the Sr isotopic signature of the soil solution, and the exchangeable and HCl-extractible soil fractions provides information about cation exchange efficiency, soil–water interaction and the origin of the exchangeable pool.


My paper entitled 'A Classified and Detailed Catalogue of the Gold Coins of the Imperial Gupta Dynasty of Northern India, with an Introductory Essay,' written in 1883, and published in 1884 by the Asiatic Society of Bengal, gave a full account of the Gupta gold coinage, so far as it was then known. At that time it was not in my power to extend my investigations to the silver and copper coinage, and subsequent criticism and study showed that my discussion of the gold coins was in some respects defective, and erroneous. An interval of rest from official work has now given me an opportunity of resuming my numismatic studies, and of completing and bringing up to date my examination of the Gupta coinage.


BACKGROUND
The Eclipse Farm 4 G test coupled to the COMET device allows for automatic and easy screening of a broad range of antimicrobials in raw bovine milk. All results obtained with this system are available in real-time through a smartphone application (App) and in the Test4all cloud platform.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to validate Eclipse Farm 4 G & COMET for the screening of antimicrobials in raw bovine milk according to AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM procedures.

METHOD
The test is based on the inhibition of microbial growth of Geobacillus stearothermophilus in presence of antimicrobials. When sample tubes are incubated in the absence of antibiotics, spores germinate and cells grow changing medium color from purple to yellow (negative result). The presence of antimicrobials in the milk sample hinders bacterial growth preventing the tubes from changing color from purple to yellow (positive result). The COMET device automatically integrates all assay steps (incubation, time control, and results interpretation) and communications between device, smartphone, and cloud.

RESULTS
LODs and detection capabilities (CCβs) were confirmed to be at or below the EU-MRL for most of the evaluated molecules representing the main families of antimicrobials (penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides, and aminoglycosides). False positive rate and the effect of potentially interfering substances showed sufficient selectivity/specificity. Eclipse Farm 4 G & COMET was shown to be robust, consistent and stable during shelf life.

CONCLUSIONS
The Eclipse Farm 4 G & COMET system has been shown to be suitable for screening antibiotics in raw bovine milk.

HIGHLIGHTS
The assay is an automatic and easy system for the detection of a broad range of antibiotics in raw bovine milk consistent with EU-MRLs and can provide results anytime and anywhere through a smartphone App and a cloud platform.


This paper introduces the connotations and target system of the harmonious society,points out the urgency and importance of building the socialist harmonious society,and puts forward the selection of the activities of realizing the more harmonious society.


Rapid convergence of traditional communications networks and services and emerging new technologies have initiated new trends in terms of performance and reliability engineering of the service hosts - both at the network level and the platform level. This paper highlights the current trends, and potential directions for convergent networks from the perspective of both service provider and supplier.


The collapse of Deposit-Taking SACCOS and financial institutions in Kenya has caught the attention of the public and supervisory agencies to query the quality of audit. SACCO Societies Regulatory Authority on its inspection report indicated that SACCOs have been implicated in maladministration, scams and fraudulent dealings that led to their eventual collapse. SASRA also revoked licenses and rejected audited financial statements of some Deposit Taking SACCOs between 2013 to 2017.These financial scandals have been traced to poor audit quality. The study aimed to test the impact of audit quality on financial performance of Deposit-Taking SACCOs in North Rift Region, Kenya. The study sought to establish the influence of audit fees on financial performance; determine the influence of audit firm tenure on financial performance; establish the influence of auditor independence on financial performance and to determine the influence of audit firm experience on financial performance of Deposit-Taking SACCOs in North Rift Region, Kenya. This study was based on Agency theory, Role theory and the Concept of audit expectation gap, and Stakeholders' theory. This research adopted descriptive cross-sectional research design. The target population for the study was 266 staff of all the 16 registered Deposit-Taking SACCOs in North Rift Region, Kenya. The sample size was 48 respondents comprising of chief executive officers, finance officers and internal auditors of the Deposit-Taking SACCOs selected using purposive sampling method. Primary and secondary data was used. Questionnaires collected primary data while audited annual financial statements of SACCOs provided secondary data. Inferential and descriptive statistics was used in analyzing data through SPSS version 25. It emerged that audit fees, audit firm tenure and audit firm experience have a significant positive influence on financial performance of Deposit-Taking SACCOs in North Rift Region, Kenya. Auditor independence had an insignificant positive influence on financial performance of Deposit-Taking SACCOs in North Rift Region, Kenya. The study concluded that audit quality has a positive noteworthy impact on financial performance of Deposit-Taking SACCOs in Kenya. The study recommends that regulatory authorities should formulate strict rules on audit fee charges and oversee the implementation of the same. Also, SASRA should ensure DT-SACCOs implement auditor rotation in compliance with auditing regulations and standards. DT-SACCOs to consider auditor's professional competence and experience before initiating any audit engagement. Finally, DT-SACCOs and auditors should reinforce the professional code of ethics in regard to auditor independence in terms of familiarity between auditor and the client that may lead audit work into jeopardy.


ABSTRACT Radiotherapy is a common method to treat gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical outcomes of GC radiotherapy face challenges, and the mechanisms of GC radioresistance remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-4537 in the radiation sensitivity of GC cells. Cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8. The proliferation of HGC27 and KATO III cells was measured using a colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the changes in cell apoptosis. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression of zinc finger protein 587 (ZNF587) protein in HGC27 and KATO III cells. To confirm the relationship between miR-4537 and ZNF587, a luciferase reporter assay was performed. MiR-4537 was downregulated in GC tumors and cells and suppressed cell proliferation, while promoting cell apoptosis in GC. Importantly, we found that miR-4537 reduced the radioresistance of GC cells. In addition, we also confirmed that miR-4537 expression is negatively correlated with ZNF587 expression in GC tissues. MiR-4537 bound to ZNF587 and suppressed the expression level of ZNF587. Overexpression of ZNF587 partially counteracted the effects of miR-4537 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, in GC cells, miR-4537 inhibited the ability of cell proliferation, but on the contrary, it promoted the ability of cell apoptosis and improved radiosensitivity of the cells.


Tidball, F. and TreffersDaller, J. (2008) Analysing lexical richness in French learner language: what frequency lists and teacher judgements can tell us about basic and advanced words. Journal of French Language Studies, 18 (3). pp. 299 313. ISSN 09592695 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959269508003463 (Special issue: knowledge and use of the lexicon in French as a second language) Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/20661/


Abstract Tenosynovitis in commercial broiler breeder flocks, characterised by severe lameness, resulted in malnutrition and eventual culling of these chickens. Histologically there was metaplasia of tendons, tendon sheaths, connective tissues and infiltration with heterophils. Although Staph. aureus was isolated from some specimens, it is probable that the condition is of viral origin: the virus has not yet been isolated.


This study aims to examine how to evaluate the activities undertaken in IDX. By building the system "business intelligence implementation to determine the evaluation of activities ". Where in this study also used the algorithm Naive Bayes in the process of data classification activities that have been done. The approach to the development of this software is through the study of libraries, data collection, system design, system implementation, Test systems and analysis. The tools used in the development of this software are Pentaho, PostgreSQL (as a data processing tool), Microsoft Excel (as a tool for creating training data), XAMPP (as a Web server tool) and the encoding used in this software development is the PHP CodeIgniter framework (as the backend), Highcharts (as Dashboard views) and DataTables (as table views). In this study, authors build software that is expected to help the Directorate of Development (RPE) in conducting evaluation activities in IDX. The analysis of the study uses variables from budgetrealization data and activity categories as comparators to figure out the activity status. The study also used IDX activity data in 2018 to implement a built-in system. The results of this study show that the realization of the budget and category of this activity strongly affects the activities that will be evaluated or not evaluated. Activities in each of the IDX representative offices are also potentially to be evaluated, depending on the value of the budget specified in the training data set.


LONDON—The chill wind of competition now blowing through Britain's higher education system is proving too frosty for some of the smaller university departments of physics and chemistry. Declining enrollment in science courses and a new formula announced last month for distributing infrastructure funds over the next 4 years have led three universities to shut down some undergraduate physics and chemistry courses, while whole departments may be closed at two other institutions.


This paper analyses methecis,error and method of loading with loader truck of MLRS and introduces a new method of loading by laser.It has important reference meaning on design and improvement about rocket gun's loading system.


Thinking educators recognize that children of all ages need to have arithmetic related to their own experiences. Such a relation not only enriches living but lays an essential background for understanding arithmetic. It is only in this way that children may acquire the necessary understandings for arithmetical processes in a social background.12 "Experience units" are real and actual; "life situations" are built up and imaginary but made as nearly lifelike as possible, as, for example, a play store. .... The program for the first and second grades, as here developed, does not aim at drill results as such. It aims at meanings through experience.'3 A variety of illustrative experiences is included under each grade to indicate how children learn through living. These illustrations are actual situations where sensitive, alert teachers have promoted the child's growth through the use of number experiences as they arose in the classroom, in the home, or in the community.... Some are planned; others are incidental; all contribute to fuller understanding and more helpful instruction.'4


The content of barium in lapis lazuli was successfully determined by oxygen-enriched shield flame atomic absorption spectrometry.The working conditions of equipments,the mediums and their concentrations,and the interference of coexisting ions were investigated.The results showed that when the flame was shielded with oxygen enriched,the barium in lapis lazuli could be determined using calcium nitrate as releasing agent in 5%(V/V)nitric acid.The obtained results were satisfied.The contents of barium in two lapis lazuli samples were determined with this method,and RSD was 1.37% and 1.72%,respectively.The instead of traditional N2O-C2H2 flame by this method was very advantageous to the determination of elements those were easy to form heat-resistant oxides.This method was simple,rapid and accurate and its cost was low.It could be applied to the determination of barium in lapis lazuli and iron alloy samples.


There have been many published assessments of Jean Piaget's work over the years, both during his lifetime and since his death in 1980. One has only to look in any introductory textbook on developmental psychology or cognitive development to find examples. hlost of these assessments mention both praiseworthy and criticizable aspects of his work, but often give more space to the latter than to the former. This is understandable. In most cases, identified weaknesses in his work are proxies for important scientific discoveries made by subsequent researchers. That is, we learn that some Piagetian developmental story is probably wrong by doing research that points to some alternative, more correct-seeming story. Naturally, it is important for the people who write about cognitive development to communicate both the weaknesses and the scientific discoveries that revealed them and took us the next step forward. In the present assessment, I take a different tack, however. Useful though it is to examine the criticizable in Piagetiana, I focus entirely on the praiseworthy in this article. hly objective is to summarize what I believe to be Piaget's contributions to what we know about cognitive development and how we think about it. Everyone knows that Piaget was the most important figure the field has known; the purpose of this article is simply to explain why.


The thesis was inspired by the excellent mechanical
properties of bamboo and its positive environmental effects.
Despite its abundance and great qualities, the material has not
been incorporated into the history of standard light frame wood
construction and is therefore not used to its full potential,
especially in regions of economic constraint in greatest need of
housing structures. Can we design a light-frame construction system
that allows for the non-standard nature of bamboo members and is
inspired by the unique properties of the material? Can we reveal
its contemporary uses and therefore allow for its cultural
acceptance? The research investigates how a grid of members behaves
as a system - incorporating imperfections and variations of
individual elements. Along with the structural exploration, the
work addresses the cultural misconception of bamboo as the "poor
man's lumber" The exercises are aimed towards creating a housing
unit that incorporates available materials into contemporary design
elements.


An understanding of the transport of radionuclides through unsaturated and saturated tuffaceous material is essential in assessing the safety of the proposed high-level waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Migration experiments with conservative and chemically reactive non-radioactive tracers have been performed at the Busted Butte Unsaturated Zone underground facility, SE of Yucca Mountain, and with radionuclides in columns of crushed tuff at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In this paper, complementary radionuclide migration experiments, performed under unsaturated conditions in a small block of tuff excavated from Busted Butte, are described.


Objectives: To compare the efficacy of silodosin (8mg) versus tamsulosin (0.4mg), both in terms of the stone expulsion rate and the time to stone expulsion. Settings and Design: A prospective and randomized controlled study was conducted in the department of Urology, Surgical Sub-Specialties Hospital, Medical City Complex in Baghdad. Patients and Methods: Starting from October 2013, till September 2014; a total of 96 patients (M=56; F=40) who were between age group of 18–50 years, who had unilateral, non–impacted, uncomplicated middle or lower ureteral stones which were ≤ 1cm, were enrolled in a prospective study and they were randomized into two groups. Group 1 received tamsulosin (0.4mg), and group 2 received silodosin (8 mg) for a maximum period of 4 weeks. The patients were followed up weekly or biweekly with imaging studies. Main outcomes and Measures: The primary endpoint was the stone expulsion rate, and the secondary endpoint was the time to stone expulsion. Statistical Analysis: Student t-test was used to compare continuous variables, and the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Results: stone expulsion rate was observed in 59% of patients in group 1 and in 80% of patients in group 2, which was statistically significant. There was also significant difference between groups with regard to mean time to stone expulsion. Conclusion: Silodosin was more effective than tamsulosin with regard to stone expulsion rate and with a less mean time to stone expulsion. Keyword: ureteric stone, silodosin, tamsulosin, medical expulsive therapy. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 20-04-2019 Date of acceptance: 04-05-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Objective: To study the dynamic changes of C type natriuretic peptide(CNP) in plasma and aortic tissues and the effect of exogenous CNP on intima/media (I/M) ratios in a model of balloon injury of rat aorta Methods:CNP levels in plasma and aorta were determined by radioimmunoassay. CNP mRNA expression was measured by RT PCR technique. Results: CNP levels in plasma were significantly increased by 80.7% ( P 0.01), 43.5% ( P 0.05) and 27.5% ( P 0.05) 3 days, 10 days and 21 days after balloon injury, but its levels in aortic tissues were decreased by 46.6% ( P 0.05 ) on day 3 and increased by 2.8 ( P 0.01), 1.6 ( P 0.05) and 0.82 fold ( P 0.05) on day 10, day 21 and day 28 after balloon injury of rat aorta. In the meanwhile, CNP mRNA expression was also increased on day 10, day 21. Results also showed that the administration of CNP i.p. inhibited neointima formation. I/M ratios were decreased by 23%( P 0.05) and 20%( P 0.05) 7 days, and 21 days after balloon injury of rat aorta. Conclusion: CNP might be involved in the process of recovery after vascular endothelium denudation and exogenous CNP suppressed the neointima formation.


The title compound, (2E)-3-[(1E)-2-(5-nitroisoxazol-3-yl)vinyloxy]prop-2-enal, C8H6N2O5, was an unexpected product of the direct reaction of furan and nitroacetylene. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, and is an unsaturated compound with a density of 1.507 g cm−3. As a result of cooperative C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, the title compound forms centrosymmetric planar dimers, which pack in stacks of almost-planar parallel layers.


The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of exposure of centre-based correctional officials to traumatic events in the Department of Correctional Services (DCS) and to determine the extent of support to those who might be exposed to trauma and traumatic events. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted which provided an in-depth knowledge and understanding on the types of exposures, the symptoms that affect individuals and the provision of support and/or intervention to those exposed to traumatic events in DCS. The literature review focused on the causes of trauma, the symptoms related to trauma and traumatic events and the different trauma intervention models that can be applied to those exposed. The information obtained from the literature review was utilised when drafting and consolidating information relevant and necessary for the survey questionnaire. Through a systematic sampling technique within stratified sampling, a sample was selected and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from centre-based correctional officials. The results obtained were used to come to a theoretical conclusion of the study. The empirical study established that centre-based correctional officials are exposed to traumatic events in DCS and that there is limited provision of support upon exposure to traumatic events. Based on analysis and interpretation of the research findings, recommendations were made to management, Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) personnel and to centre-based correctional officials at Kgoši Mampuru II Local correctional centre for Awaiting Trial Detainees (ATD's) on how to manage issues related to trauma upon exposure in DCS.


The method of the present invention relates to granulocyte colony stimulating activity for biological separation factor (G-CSF) of which can be fixed by using such metal affinity monomeric G-CSF molecule chromatography properly folded biologically active and improperly folded biologically active monomeric form of oligo - or multimeric G-CSF may also be separated and separating the aggregated form with G-CSF molecule; if desired, then the entire process, the method of the present invention It can be advantageously carried out under natural conditions. Higher purity can be obtained G-CSF 95% of the biological activity. Then, preferably with only two additional chromatographic steps - cation exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography to remove traces of impurities. Overall process may be prepared G-CSF purity of more than 99% higher yield. The method is particularly suitable for the industrial production of G-CSF.


Along with the progress of time, some aspects of religious belief which previously considered to be final are now beginning to be questioned, including the aspect of hadith and Ulumul Hadith . This questioning should not be interpreted as a contravention to religious values. Rather, it should be regarded as a positive effort to advance a living religion. Among the problems of hadith and Ulumul Hadith which have always been questioned are the aspects of history, authority, authenticity, interpretation, methodology, capability of hadith to meet contemporary challenges and so forth. In response to this situation, solutions offered comprise: methods of isnad and matn analysis; thematic hadith assessment studies ( maudu'iy ), contextualization or re-interpretation of hadith meaning, reconstruction of Ulumul Hadith ; and application of hermeneutic methods. Implementation of these techniques is expected to serve as answers to the problems facing Ulumul hadith and hadith, and also as stimulations to enforce the spirit of Islamic studies in general.


Glioblastoma cells in vivo are exposed to a variety of promigratory signals, including undefined serum components that infiltrate into high grade gliomas as result of blood–brain barrier breakdown. Glioblastoma cell migration has been further shown to depend heavily on ion channels activity. We have then investigated the modulatory effects of fetal calf serum (FCS) on ion channels, and their involvement in U87‐MG cells migration. Using the perforated patch‐clamp technique we have found that, in a subpopulation of cells (42%), FCS induced: (1) an oscillatory activity of TRAM‐34 sensitive, intermediate‐conductance calcium‐activated K (IKCa) channels, mediated by calcium oscillations previously shown to be induced by FCS in this cell line; (2) a stable activation of a DIDS‐ and NPPB‐sensitive Cl current displaying an outward rectifying instantaneous current‐voltage relationship and a slow, voltage‐dependent inactivation. By contrast, in another subpopulation of cells (32%) FCS induced a single, transient IKCa current activation, always accompanied by a stable activation of the Cl current. The remaining cells did not respond to FCS. In order to understand whether the FCS‐induced ion channel activities are instrumental to promoting cell migration, we tested the effects of TRAM‐34 and DIDS on the FCS‐induced U87‐MG cell migration using transwell migration assays. We found that these inhibitors were able to markedly reduce U87‐MG cell migration in the presence of FCS, and that their co‐application resulted in an almost complete arrest of migration. It is concluded that the modulation of K and Cl ion fluxes is essential for the FCS‐induced glioblastoma cell migration. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 1926–1933, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


[1] We present a series of simulations aimed at assessing the radiative forcing and surface climatic effects of anthropogenic sulfate and fossil fuel soot over east Asia. The simulations are carried out with a coupled regional climate-chemistry/aerosol model for the 5-year period of 1993–1997 using published estimates of sulfur emissions. Anthropogenic sulfate induces a negative top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative forcing which varies spatially from −1 to −8 W m−2 in the winter to −1 to −15 W m−2 in the summer. The aerosol radiative forcing is maximum over the Sichuan Basin of southwest China and over some areas of east and northeast China. This forcing induces a surface cooling in the range of −0.1 to −0.7 K that is also maximum over the Sichuan Basin. Fossil fuel soot exerts a positive TOA radiative forcing of 0.5 to 2 W m−2 and enhances the surface cooling by a few tenths of Kelvins due to increased surface shielding from solar radiation. Doubling of the sulfur emission induces a substantial increase in negative radiative forcing (up to −7 to −8 W m−2) and associated surface cooling. With doubled sulfur emission, the surface cooling exceeds −1 K and is statistically significant at the 90% confidence level over various areas of China. The aerosol-induced radiative forcing and surface cooling tend to inhibit precipitation over the region, although this effect is relatively small in the simulations. Some features of the simulated aerosol-induced surface cooling are consistent with temperature trends observed in recent decades over different regions of China.


Aim . To evaluate association of various blood glucose levels with overall and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) among population 55 y. o. and older. Material and methods . Current paper represents partially the prospective study "Stress, ageing and health". Totally, 1876 participants at the age 55 years and older included, assessed for traditional RF and presence of definite CHD according to quintile stratification by glucose levels in blood: 6,59 mmol/L. Epidemiological diagnosis of definite CHD was set based upon the algoritms and questionnaire by Rose and results of ECG by Minnessota coding. Follow-up lasted in average for 7,05 years. Totally, 411 lethal cases registered, among those 247 — from CVD. Statistics was done with STATA software. Results. Relative total risk of death after correction by sex, age and diabetes was significantly higher among those with glucose lower than 5,1 mmol/L. Such relations of glucose and total mortality were significant after correction for sex, age, diabetes, CHD and/or traditional risk factors. Also, the most prominent decrease of morality is found in glucose level 5,51-5,89 mmol/L. However, the highest glucose levels are associated with higher mortality, but not significantly. When assessing impact of glucose on CVM, same associations were found, though not so much significant. Significant relation of CVM was found just for glucose level equal to 5,51-5,89 mmol/L. Conclusion. Association of glucose with overall and CVM in population 55 y. o. and older is L-shaped. The highest overall and CVM is found in persons with glucose <5,1 mmol/L.


The computational study explores the electronic fine tuning of the exocyclic C-C single bond length in tetrahedranyl tetrahedrane as a function of various substituents. The factors which determine the bond lengths and bond strengths are examined by using the EDA method.


Plasma jets are ubiquitous in the Earth's magnetotail. Plasma jet fronts (JFs) are a seat of particle acceleration and energy conversion. JFs are commonly associated with dipolarization fronts (DFs), which are often characterized by solitary sharp large‐amplitude increases in the northward component of the magnetic field Bz. However, MHD and kinetic instabilities can develop at JFs and disturb the front structure which questions on the occurrence of solitary DFs at the JFs. We investigate the structure of JFs using 5 years (2017–2021) of the Magnetospheric Multiscale observations in the central plasma sheet (CPS) in the Earth's magnetotail. We compiled a database of 2394 CPS jets. We find that 42% of the JFs are associated with large‐amplitude changes in Bz. However, solitary DFs constitute a quarter of these large‐amplitude events, while the rest are associated with more complex structures.


The paper from different immobilized microbial sequencing batch reactor by filling carries and immobilized cells.The experiment uses the manual wastewater as treat object to study the effect to simultaneous nitrification and denitrification under different ratio of COD to NH3-N,operation cycles,reactors.


Kris Jaech is a nine-year-old fifth grader from Tacoma, Washington. He has always loved animals—cats, especially. Lately he has begun playing Dungeons and Dragons, and his mother has been reading him The Hobbit and starting The Lord of the Rings. This much I knew when we had our interview. Since I had recently talked with Lensey Namioka, I wanted to explore both Kris's concept of heroism and whether he knew any of the old tales and heroes that she had loved as a child. Would a boy of today's generation be at all familiar with the heroic traditions of the past?


We present the first radiation test results of optical MEMS devices. Tests were performed on two very different deformable MEMS micromirror arrays. Test results are discussed with respect to the different device constructions. '2 Bottom electrode


Most DNA viruses must amplify their DNA to form new viral particles. To kickstart their DNA amplification, herpesviruses alter the host cell cycle dynamics by halting G1/S progression. Soon after, the viruses begin amplifying their DNA and halt any detectable cellular DNA synthesis. Viral DNA amplification takes place in specialized regions of the cell known as replication compartments. The genesis and maturation of replication compartments are not well understood. While replication compartments can only be visualized via microscopy, examining DNA synthetic events requires ensemble approaches. We have therefore exploited single-cell assays, including live-cell imaging, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and EdU-pulse labeling, in combination with computational simulations and ensemble approaches, to study the role of replication compartments in the DNA amplification of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). FISH revealed that each replication compartment initially contained a single DNA molecule which did not travel between compartments. DNA amplification lasted for 13–14 h in single cells, as shown by live cell imaging. Replication compartments eventually grew to occupy 30% of the nucleus, which itself grew by 50%. We found that early in the lytic phase, the availability of DNA templates limited DNA synthesis, while late in the lytic phase, the majority of viral DNA molecules no longer served as templates, which correlated with a drop in the levels of the replication protein. The eventual decline in DNA synthesis did not result from encapsidation; only 1–2% of the viral DNA was encapsidated. The levels of viral DNA synthesis in each compartment were similar. Therefore, the number of compartments determined the total amount of DNA synthesized and, consequently, the levels of amplified DNA. This finding was predicted by computational simulations of the amplification of the two distinct EBV derived replicons that we studied. Our results establish that replication compartments represent clonal factories for DNA amplification that are regulated coordinately during the lytic phase.


Generally, this project is focused on 'Eliectromagnet Torch Light Design and
Development' . The purpose is to develop a concept design of electromagnet torch light
based on manufacturing methods that available: especially in MELAKA. The ComputerAided
design (CAD) is used to design the electromagnet torch light and model of
prototype or concept demonstrator were build. From that, customers need, product
design specification, concept generation, concept selection, embodiment design, detail
design has been analyzed. Furthermore, this project also take into consideration about
market research and product competitor beside material selection and manufacturing
process to produce an electromagnet torch light.


We report on the results of laboratory and telescopic measurements of the position sensitivity of a visible MAMA. detector utilizing a "coarse-fine" array. We also report on the photometric accuracy of this detector under the condi-tion of point source illumination. The detector measured uses a bialkalai photocathode and has 25 μm2 pixels in a 256 x 1024 format. It was illuminated with a 3.5 pm spot of light (FWHM) which was moved across the detector in 1 μm increments. It is found that computed centroid positions are accurate across the entire array to within 0.04 pixels. For the extreme case of illumination with a delta function source, this detector experienced photometric errors of 10-15%. Both the position sensitivity and the photometric accuracy with point source illumination are limited in this detector by errors in the flat field corrections caused by the presence of cross-coupling between adjacent pixels. Initial measurements with a MAMA detector utilizing a "fine-fine" array indicate that this cross-coupling has been eliminated in the most recent versions of the detector.


The classification and differentiation of pediatric speech sound disorders (SSD) is one of the main questions in the field of speech- and language pathology. Terms for classifying childhood and SSD and motor speech disorders (MSD) refer to speech production processes, and a variety of methods of intervention has been developed aimed at different parts of the speech production process. However, in clinical practice diagnosis is primarily based on behavioral speech symptoms rather than the underlying deficits. The diagnostic dilemma is that the ability to investigate the characteristics of subtypes of SSD requires 'pure' cases selected on the basis of unambiguous/clear-cut criteria, which are only available as a result of research. In this chapter we propose a process-oriented approach to diagnosis and treatment planning of pediatric SSD based on three pillars of research that will allow us to break through the circularity and bring the field a substantial step forward in the next decade. The core of this approach is a focus on underlying deficits rather than classification based on symptoms. We argue that to identify underlying deficits, one must start with a model of the cognitive and neuromotor operations involved from which specific hypotheses of speech symptoms are derived. This research methodology is implemented in the form of clinical instruments that allow for direct demonstration of the underlying deficit(s). A process-oriented diagnostic test battery as suggested here holds important advantages for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric speech disorders and will foster the development of more targeted interventions and outcome measures. The approach is illustrated by comparing childhood apraxia of speech (CAS)m with other pediatric SSD.


[Objective]To determine the contents of lead,arsenic in different food from Funing county,and understand contamination situation of lead,arsenic in food.[Methods]Lead and arsenic contents in foods were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry according to the national standard method.[Results]A total of 110 samples of 16 kinds of foods were determined.the contents of lead of 32 foods were over standard,the exceeding rate was 29.1%;the contents of arsenic of 8 foods were over standard,and the exceeding rate was 7.3%.[Conclusion]The pollution of lead in Funingxian is not very serious.However,the lead detected in many kinds of food stuffs means that there is accumulation and potential harmful impact on human health.The pollution rate of arsenic is low.


The present invention discloses a crosslinkable arylamine compounds; oligomers and polymers prepared from such crosslinkable arylamine compound; and a coating film; and a multilayer electronic device comprising such films.


Recognizing textual entailment is typically considered as a binary decision task - whether a text T entails a hypothesis H. Thus, in case of a negative answer, it is not possible to express that H is "almost entailed" by T. Partial textual entailment provides one possible approach to this issue. This paper presents an attempt to use word2vec model for recognizing partial (faceted) textual entailment. The proposed approach does not rely on language dependent NLP tools and other linguistic resources, therefore it can be easily implemented in different language environments where word2vec models are available.


The National Society for the Prevention of Blindness has estimated that about two million Americans have severely impaired vision. Most of these individuals can read normal print if magnification and other viewing conditions are suitable. However, few general principles exist to guide the design or prescription of low-vision reading aids. This is because we don't know the stimulus conditions that are required for optimal reading by people having various types and degrees of vision loss, and we are unable to predict the best performance these people might achieve.


This article discusses the issues of teaching the Tatar language in the system of general secondary education. The Tatar language is studied in educational institutions of various types. For this, sample programs, educational and methodological complexes, audio and video materials, and interactive teaching aids have been developed and approved. In the course of the study, various aspects of the educational process were analyzed, including the identification of positive results and reasons for the success of students; correspondence of educational materials to the age characteristics of students and their interests; tools for assessing the level of proficiency in the Tatar language; the main approaches and technologies used in the Tatar language lessons, the conditions for the advanced training of the Tatar language teachers. The main goal of the study was to analyze the current system of teaching the Tatar language, as well as to understand the motivation for learning the Tatar language among students. This is the relevance of this article. The research results can be used in solving current and future tasks related to improving language education in the republic, in developing solutions for the linguocultural training of students, in creating an interactive model of teaching the Tatar language. The article is based on data from field studies initiated by EF Education First and with the assistance of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan.


The utility model discloses a fixed type steel sleeve which is characterized in that the blanking at the lower end port of the sleeve is flat; the roughening is smooth, and an angle iron fixed part is welded at the lower end port of the sleeve; a fixing hole with the diameter of 6 is drilled on the other face of the angle iron fixed part; when a structure is pre-embedded, after the central position of the sleeve is captured, a nail is drilled in the fixed hole of the angle iron fixed part so as to fix the sleeve. The fixed steel sleeve has the advantages of high degree of factory production, simple and fast operation, labors and material resources conservation and accurate positioning, thereby ensuring the installation quality at the later stage, and reducing the rework.


Several authors have presented reduced-form evidence suggesting that the degree of exchange-rate pass-through to the consumer price index has declined in Canada since the 1970s and is currently close to zero. Authors such as Taylor (2000) suggest that this is due to a change in the conduct of monetary policy. Specifically, if monetary policy is seen to be responding more aggressively to shocks that affect inflation then the expected persistence of these shocks will decline and by consequence, so will the degree of pass-through to consumer prices. This paper investigates the extent to which monetary policy, under commitment to inflation targeting, can influence exchange rate pass-through in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of a small open economy. We begin by defining pass-through in the context of a reduced-form Phillips curve and then compute numerically the relationship between pass-through and the parameters of a simple policy rule. We then investigate the extent to which reasonable changes in the aggressiveness of policy, such as those observed since the 1970s in Canada, could account for the observed decline in pass-through. The model presented here assumes that imports serve as an input to the home economy's production process. Pass-through of the exchange rate to import prices is incomplete in the short run due to the existence of multi-period price contracts denominated in the home currency.


Abstract : This report provides a summary of the results of a joint research program under which scientists from S-CUBED have been working with scientists from the Russian Institute for Dynamics of the Geospheres in an attempt to develop a better understanding of the effects of cavity decoupling on the seismic signals produced by underground nuclear explosions. Investigations conducted under this program have focused on analyses of seismic data recorded from a series of HE cavity decoupling experiments conducted by the Russians in Kirghizia in 1960, and from a sequence of nuclear tests conducted in a water-filled cavity at the Soviet Azgir test site during the period 1975-1979. The Kirghizia series included tests designed to assess the influence of cavity geometry on decoupling effectiveness, and comparisons of near-field seismic data recorded from these tests indicate that the low frequency decoupling factor is independent of cavity shape for elongated cavities with length to width ratios of 6 or more, in agreement with previous theoretical simulation results. Broadband seismic data recorded from the Azgir water-filled cavity tests are analyzed to estimate cavity/tamped source spectral ratios, and the results are compared with theoretical finite difference simulations of these tests.


Using high-speed steels T–1 cold M–50, which have little amount of retained austenite and the usual through-hardening ball bearing steel SUJ 2 (SAE 52100) previously tested, changes in x-ray parameters with loading cycles in rolling contact were examined and the following formula between loading cycles and x-ray parameters was found: N = K·(δB)6·(δσ)3·(δγ)0, where F = (δB)6·(δσ)3 was defined as "fatigue parameter" and δB δσ, δγ are changes in half-height breadth, residual stress, and retained austenite, respectively. If we know in advance the value of Fc, the fatigue parameter at which a surface-originated fatigue failure results, the ratio of F at a given number of loading cycles to Fc gives the life ratio N/Nc, which is the ratio of loading cycles N to the loading cycles Nc when a surface originated fatigue failure would occur. Fc was about 1 for various materials and test conditions, if we use units of residual stress value in GPa and half-height breadth in degree of diffraction angle. Presented at the...


In order to improve the subjective quality of video coding,satisfy the properties of human visual,and reduce the bitrate of coding,a Macroblock-Level Adaptive Frequency Weighting Scheme is proposed in this paper.In the perceptual video coding scheme,the frequency sensitivity is one of the most important properties of HVS and is usually used to improve the subjective quality.In this paper,The spatial context,the side information and the properties of the human visual system are both taken into consideration.According to the effect of frequency weighting,three different strategies are defined,and the different areas in one picture can choose different frequency weighting strategies.Compared with the picture-level adaptive frequency weighting algorithms,the proposed algorithm can select different frequency weighting strategies and quantization matrices for each MB.The experimental results show that the proposed Macroblock-Level Adaptive Frequency Weighting algorithm (MBAFW) can improve the subjective quality significantly.Additionally,MBAFW algorithm can achieve about 11% bitrate reductions with almost the same subjective quality.


This work aims at presenting an automatic low cost water sampler prototype. Data provided by this equipment can be used in water resources management and control. Prototype has an electronic system which controls a peristaltic pump functioning, five solenoid valves and an ultrasonic sensor that provides water level measurement data. An interface with the user provided by a board and LCD display allows sampling parameters input and a report output when sampling is over. Hydraulic module uses a peristaltic 12V pump connected to five solenoid valves, which distribute sample and clean PVC tubes once each sampling is produced. Storage module contains four plastic bottles, 1.95 l. Prototype structure is made of acrylic, 0.72 m height and 0.38 m diameter. Experimental laboratory runs have showed a successful performance.


Objective To test the hypothesis that ventricular and atrial function are different between patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) after arterial switch operation (ASO) and healthy controls. Methods 103 consecutive patients with TGA (median age: 16.7 years, 4.3–39.6 years, 71.8% male) were compared with 77 controls (median age: 15.4 years, 6.3–43.2 years, 66.2% male). Biventricular and biatrial function were assessed using standard cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques and feature tracking. Group comparison was performed with conventional non-parametrical statistics and machine learning methods to find the variables most discriminative between patients and controls. These variables were used to build a multivariable logistic regression model to assess the case–control status. Results Markers of left and right ventricular function (LV; RV) (ejection fraction, MAPSE, TAPSE, LV long-axis strain) as well as LV global longitudinal (−20.7 (−24.1; −17.9) vs −23.7 (−26.1; −21.6), p<0.001), circumferential (−29.4 (−32.2; −26.5) vs −30.5 (−33.6; 29), p=0.001) and atrial longitudinal strain (left atrium (LA): 23.3 (18.6; 28.8) vs 36.7 (30.7; 44), p<0001; right atrium: 21.7 (18.2; 27.8) vs 34.9 (26.9; 40.3), p<0.001) were reduced in patients compared with controls using non-parametrical testing. The logistic regression model including the most discriminative variables from univariate and machine learning analysis demonstrated significant differences between patients and controls only for TAPSE and LA global longitudinal strain. Conclusions Biventricular and biatrial function are largely preserved after ASO for TGA. Using a comprehensive CMR protocol along with statistical machine learning methods and a regression approach, only RV longitudinal function and LA function are significantly impaired.


The article briefly reviewed biography and scientific activity of V.M. Boltinskyi, his writings and teachings. The significance of these studies for the development of modern tractor industry is shown. The contribution of V.M. Boltinskyi in scientific and pedagogical foundations of Engineering is described


In this study, the requirement that rock be treated strictly as a continuum is abandoned. Instead, a discontinuous model is considered in which one of the most significant characteristics of rock is treated. That characteristic is the fact that rock cannot withstand unlimited tension. The purpose of the study is to investigate what effect rock's limited tensile capability has on stress waves being propagated through it. Results of this study show that even the simplest model for crack propagation through a spherically symmetric medium results in motions which are much different from those expected from a continuum model. While the model investigated here is certainly unusual in many respects, it predicts certain features of wave propagation which should still be recognizable when the model of the medium is much more complicated than that considered here. These are: (1) peak velocities are not affected by the cracking although velocity wave forms are quite sensitive to tensile strength; (2) cracking can cause peaks to be as high as 2 to 3 times the corresponding nominal values for an elastic media; and (3) an upper bound on peak displacements is set by the tension limit equal to zero. (11 refs.)