When vehicles in a queue start crossing a stop line (or any other reference line) at a signalized intersection after the signal turns green, the entering headway (discharge headway) is the time that elapses between consecutive vehicles. This headway is a factor in determining intersection capacity. The current study aims at analyzing the entering headway at selected signalized intersections in Riyadh (the capital of Saudi Arabia). It is unlikely that driver behavior is similar in different countries, and therefore it is unwise to use the values for headway times from other countries to fit traffic conditions in Saudi Arabia. To date, no research of this type has been conducted in Saudi Arabia. This study attempts to investigate the entering headway at intersections in Riyadh and to compare the results with corresponding results from international research. Eight signalized intersections (with two-lane and three-lane approaches) along eight major streets in Riyadh were selected for study. A total of 720 single-lane traffic platoons entering the intersections were observed. It was found that the average entering headways for Vehicles 1 through 15 at two-lane intersections in Riyadh after the light turned green were 3.23, 2.41, 2.29, 2.1, 2.02, 1.84, 1.72, 1.64, 1.53, 1.68, 1.58, 1.31, 1.13, 1.19, and 1.01 s. For the three-lane sites the headways for Vehicles 1 through 13 were as follows: 3.37, 2.23, 2.03, 1.92, 1.81, 1.81, 1.72, 1.69, 1.6, 1.48, 1.37, 1.33, and 1.46 s. The study found that the saturation flow rates were 2,293 and 2,195 vehicles/hour of green per lane for two-lane and three-lane sites, respectively. These intersection approaches appear to have higher saturation flow rates than those in previous studies from other countries.


Discussion and Summary The fact that the two strains IS and BA in AL showed such a large difference in sensitivity to the same NDV antibody makes it seem likely that the disappearance of cell-associated viral hemagglutinins is due to a reaction at the cell membrane, not inside the cell. Since the HAI titer was approximately the same for IS as for BA, entry of antibody into the cell should cause equal inhibition. In the antibody-sensitive cell-virus systems, virus budding through the membrane probably is removed as fast as it is formed and it follows that maturation is exclusively at a site accessible to antibody. With virus strains where large amounts of cell associated hemagglutinins are formed, even in the presence of extracellular antibody, intracellular HA production seems likely. Evidence for association of influenza virus with internal membranes of the cell has been presented by Holland and Kiehn (8). Also it is of interest that ascites lymphoma cells infected with influenza are more resistant to antiviral immune cytolysis, early or late in infection, than are those infected with Sendai or NDV (9). Part of the increased resistance in CE might be attributed to small clumps of cells which were difficult to eliminate from the suspensions. For example, NDV-IS, highly sensitive in AL, was resistant in CE. However, Sendai was inhibited by about the same antibody concentration in either cell species and WSN was apparently more resistant in AL than in CE. Resistance was overcome by increasing the antibody concentration. In CE, the strains NDV-IS, NDV-BA, and influenza, became sensitive to high antibody levels. An explanation of this phenomenon must await further investigation but concentration dependence suggests forced diffusion across a barrier. The alternative is entrance of small amounts of antibody into the cell through pinocytosis. The action of antibody at 24 hr in causing disappearance of cell-associated HA does not seem related to cell disruption by the virus, at least those cases where dye exclusion remained effective or the inhibition was reversible.


Note: Proc. Dreilandertagung, Regensburg, 7-11 September 1997, Optik supplement 7(106), 127 (1997) Reference CRPP-CONF-1997-067 Record created on 2008-05-13, modified on 2017-05-12


Adding a small loop cache to a microprocessor has been shown to reduce average instruction fetch energy for various sets of embedded system applications. With the advent of core-based design, embedded system designers can now tune a loop cache architecture to best match a specific application. We developed an automated simulation environment to find the best loop cache architecture for a given application and technology. Using this environment, we show significant variation in the best architecture for different examples. The results support the need for future fast synthesis of tuned loop cache architectures.


The manipulation of geometrically constrained magnetic domain walls (DWs) in nanoscale magnetic strips attracted much interest recently, with proposals for prospective memory and logic devices. Here we demonstrate that the high controllability of the motion of geometrically constrained DWs allows for the manipulation of individual nanoparticles in solution on a chip with the active control of position at the nanometer scale. Our approach exploits the fact that magnetic nanoparticles in suspension can be captured by a DW, whose position can be manipulated with nanometer scale accuracy in specifically designed magnetic nanowire structures. We hereby show that the precise control over DW nucleation, displacement, and annihilation processes in such nanostructures allows for the capture, transport, and release of magnetic nanoparticles. As magnetic nanoparticles with functionalized surfaces are widely used as molecule carriers or labels for single molecule studies, cell manipulation, and biomagnetic sensing, t...


It is shown that the general solution for the computation of the pseudorotation matrix for satisfying the Eckart axis conditions recently proposed by Dymarsky and Kudin [J. Chem. Phys. 122, 124103 (2005)] is mathematically equivalent to a solution described in the Appendix of the paper of Pickett and Strauss [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 7281 (1970)].


It is well-documented that the development and progression of cancers is affected by psychosomatic factors, and also that the quality-of-life of cancer patients is improved by intervening these factors. Based on this concept, we analyzed 50 patients with breast cancer and 24 healthy females as a control by means of psychological inventories such as Todai Egogram (TEG), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and MMPI-Alexithymia Scale (AS), and interview. The results indicate higher measures in anxious and alexithymia scales in the patients, Paradoxically, however, their behaviors to suppress their emotion, to co-operate well, and to adapt excessively were recognized by interview, From these results, the patients with breast cancer are assessed to share factors characteristic of "type C" personality.


What The COVID-19 pandemic has been present in Germany since 27 January 2020, it is the spread of the respiratory disease COVID-19, which first appeared at the end of 2019 and broke out worldwide at the beginning of 2020, triggered by infection with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.


A novel decoding algorithm for the JPEG Huffman code is presented, in which the alternating current (AC) Huffman table is partitioned into four modules. According to this partition, a direct mapping technique is developed to decode Huffman codewords without any searching or matching operations. Therefore, an algorithm based on this technique can save several controlling circuits and will be simple for the hardware implementation. There are also two other merits: first, the run/size symbols and codeword lengths can be obtained directly; and, next, it is not necessary to store any AC Huffman codewords in the memory space at the decoding end. As a result, the overall behaviour of the developed algorithm is better than the conventional methods. This is illustrated through a mathematical verification using the Big-O notation and a hardware simulation using hardware description language. Tables of comparison results are included in the paper. Furthermore, a VLSI architecture of this proposed algorithm is also developed and included.


Review of: Stringers and the Journalistic Field: Marginalities and Precarious News Labour in Small-town India, Nimmagadda Bhargav (2023)
 Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 210 pp.,
 ISBN 978-1-03232-642-9, h/bk, AUS 201


WEB This is a Web exclusive article. ET with 18F-FDG has been successfully used for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of many malignant tumors. PET is particularly useful for staging of head and neck tumors and for detecting recurrence [1]. Its utility in other settings, however, such as detection of non–squamous cell cancer of the head and neck and differentiating benign salivary gland tumors from malignant ones, is limited [2, 3]. This lack of usefulness may partly be explained by the poor anatomic localization of PET combined with variable physiologic uptake of FDG in the head and neck. These factors decrease the specificity of PET for head and neck cancer and thus increase the rate of false-positive findings. Combined PET/CT scanners, which fuse the functional data of PET with the anatomic data of CT, have shown promise in the evaluation of cancer of the head and neck [4]. Non–squamous cell cancer of the head and neck, particularly salivary gland tumors, however, have not been studied extensively with either PET or combined PET/CT. In cases that have been studied, the variable uptake from salivary gland tumors often causes false-negative results [4–6]. In addition, some benign tumors of the salivary glands, particularly Warthin's tumor, show focal FDG uptake leading to false-positive results [2]. These false-positive findings reduce the utility of PET in differentiating benign salivary gland tumors from malignant tumors. We report a case of a benign parotid oncocytoma that had marked FDG avidity on PET/CT.


Objective To investigate the change of plasma antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase 1(PON1)activity in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC),as well as its clinical significances.Methods Plasma PON1 activity,malondiadehyde(MDA) and C-reactive protein(CRP) levels were analysed in 44 case of active ulcerative colitis,23 case of ulcerative colitis in remission and 32 case of control.Correlation analysis was made between these variables.Results Plasma PON1 activity was lower and MDA,CRP levels was higer in the active and remission patients groups than the control.When active subgroups were compared with the remission group,there was a statistically difference between each parameter.Plasma PON1 activity was significantly lower,while CRP and MDA levels was significantly higer in the active UC group than the remission UC group.The analysis of linear correlation showed PON1 was negatively correlated with MDA(r=-0.358,P0.01),CRP(r=-0.422,P0.01) in patients with ulcerative colitis.Conclusion Plasma PON1 activity was significantly decreased in patients with ulcerative colitis.Increased oxygen free radicals(OFR) levels in ulcerative colitis may result in a pro-oxidation environment,which in turn could result in decreased antioxidant paraoxonase 1 activity.


A self-forming nanostructure—a wave-ordered structure with a controllable period (20–180 nm)—results from the off-normal bombardment of amorphous silicon layers by low-energy (∼ 1–10 keV) nitrogen ions. The nanostructure has been modified by reactive-ion etching in plasma to form a periodic nanomask on the surface of the channel region of a metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). Implantation of arsenic ions through the nanomask followed by the technological steps completing the fabrication of the MOSFET resulted in a periodically doped channel field-effect transistor (PDCFET), which can be considered as a chain of short-channel MOSFETs with a common gate. Having worse subthreshold characteristics, PDCFETs show greater drain current and transconductance than to MOSFETs without a periodically doped channel. This improvement in device performance is attributed to the fact that the channel length is cut by the length of high-conductivity doped areas in the channel and that the voltage is distributed between the areas, depressing the scaling rules for short-channel MOSFETs and allowing the channel to be less doped between the areas, thus keeping drift mobility high.


Platelet count is a very important diagnosis test to identify diseases like Dengue, Malaria, Yellow fever, and others. For dengue patient monitoring, platelet count is often needed. A suspected dengue patient needs a very quick diagnosis to give an accurate result of how critical is the condition of the patient. In most laboratories, Leishman's stained blood slides are used to count platelets. However, these manual platelet counting requires expert lab technician and the overhead increases manifold when huge blood samples are to be checked by lab technicians that make the entire process time-consuming. So, in this paper, an automated system is proposed which can extract platelets from the microscopic image of blood cells, and that makes platelet counting task easy. Microscopic images of stained blood slides are captured using a light microscope. Then using color-based segmentation and morphological operation, platelets can be extracted. A comparative study between the platelet counts obtained before and after segmentation along with calculation of the efficiency of the system has shown this method to be robust and effective for automation of platelet count system.


In their common main text, the last three editions of the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (NA) and the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testaments (UBS) follow the long-established tradition of putting material of problematic authenticity within square brackets. Although there has over time taken place a development in these two publications towards a more positive assessment of the bracketed material, this has so far had no consequences with regard to their actual practice of bracketing. This article makes a sample inquiry into the authentic Pauline letters, viz. of some bracketed instances of address in the imperative ([ILLEGIBLE]). On the basis of external and internal criteria, and of the general tendency in important early manuscripts to omit certain types of material, it is argued that there are good reasons for reassessing the attitude and practice of bracketing in NA/UBS, preferably in order to reduce the amount of material in brackets.


This paper examines trading process and price behavior when the uninformed speculator comes into the market before the informed trader. The informed trader couldn't make trading directly in the market, and rumors can help the informed trader to enter into the market to make more great profit. We divide the informed trader's entering strategies into four ways, and find that the late informed trader couldn't make trading before the spread of rumors in the market, and weaker influence of rumors needs earlier circulation.


In this paper we study the all-pairs shortest paths problem in (unweighted) unit-disk graphs. The previous best solution for this problem required O(n^2 log n) time, by running the O(n log n)-time single-source shortest path algorithm of Cabello and Jejcic [Comput. Geom., 2015] from every source vertex,where n is the number of vertices. We not only manage to eliminate the logarithmic factor, but also obtain the first (slightly) subquadratic algorithm for the problem, running in O(n^2 sqrt{ frac{log log n}{log n} }) time. Our algorithm computes an implicit representation of all the shortest paths, and, in the same amount of time, can also compute the diameter of the graph.


Patients with knee or shoulder pain often take it for granted that their damaged joint needs fixing, says this author. Preventing unnecessary surgery may begin with doctors who recognize and correct this misconception.


each a folding coloured geological sheet, from eight to twelve full- page photographs, a bibliography, and on the average sixty-three pages of with many diagrams, sketch-maps, and sections. Each is an admirably clear, self-contained account of the stratigraphy (Jurassic to Pleistocene), geomorphology, and tectonics of the area and its broader setting. If two small are not ungracious, they are that one looks in vain for a statement of what other sheets have been published or are in preparation, and that all the stratigraphical tables are upside down. The Zebdani sheet covers part of the classic area of Mount Hermon and includes two pages of photographs of Palaeolithic implements.


This text was written as the outcome of an event held at the Federal University of Goias on distance education and teacher formation during which questions were raised by participants and are now being problematized collaboratively. In this meeting of minds, we propose to do more than just answer the questions raised. We propose to decode and encode concepts and principles of education as a practice of freedom mediated by free and open educational technologies.


A construct containing functional skeletal muscle tissue was formed in vivo within an axially vascularized chamber seeded with myoblasts suspended in a gel. After a three week period of incubation within a rat, the construct was harvested and evaluated for force generation capability. Constructs that were seeded with myoblasts generated a positive component of force (to shorten the construct), having contractile properties similar to those of skeletal muscles.


In northwest England, during the early nineteenth century, morris dancing was performed annually by young adult men in the context of a procession which called attention to the health, wealth, number, and strength of a community's menfolk. After the First World War, morris dancing could still be seen as a form of public display in the region, but it had also become the province of children of both sexes. This age and gender revision coincided with an apparent spread of morris dances within the area.' On the surface, continuity and expansion in the re-enactment of traditional dance forms may signal evidence of cultural stability. Yet, as Cohen has noted (1985: 91-92), continuity in the outward manifestation of public customary activities may disguise widespread economic and social changes within a given society. Seemingly small shifts in the texts of music and movement activities may well reflect developments at a national and international level as new hierarchies consolidate control through the operation of cultural hegemony. Traditional dances may well be utilized for ideological purposes, particularly when control of their dissemination is appropriated by institutions operating as part of the state apparatus (see Althusser 1984). The revision of the age and gender of morris dancers in northwest England poses questions, not only with regard to the localised symbolic function of the genre, but also to a wider interpretive framework in which codes of movement activity are related to age and gender at a national level. It also raises questions of the historical role of dancing as an instrument of control of the children of the English working class and contributes to discussion of the marginalisation of dancing within English society. During the nineteenth century, whether consciously or otherwise, creators and performers of morris dances in northwest England merged certain movement systems and codes of bodily behavior; the effect was to underline an emergent perspective on the body as an 'object and target of power' (Foucault 1991: 136). Morris dancing became one of several physical activities regarded as appropriate for children of both sexes to perform in a number of institutionalized contexts. Consideration must be given to why morris dancing was selected in an age when the body was increasingly subjected to a discipline which rendered it obedient and useful


Let p be a prime. The Smith-Toda complex V (k) is a nite spec- trum whose BP-homology is isomorphic to BP=(p;v1;:::;vk). For example, V ( 1) is the sphere spectrum and V (0) the mod p Moore spectrum. In this paper we show that if p> 5, then V ((p+3)=2) does not exist and V ((p+1)=2), if it exists, is not a ring spectrum. The proof uses the new homotopy xed point spectral sequences of Hopkins and Miller.


In view of complexity and low efficiency of conventional cabinet door processing technology and through the analysis of the structural features of cabinet doors and relevant processing technology,a new method for positioning and clamping cabinet doors is put forward,which can greatly improve product quality and productivity and is of great significance to the realization of the large-scale CNC machining of cabinet doors.


The breaching of containment of conventionally deposited mine tailings impoundments, and the consequent release of tailings flows with long run-outs, unfortunately remains not uncommon and often has devastating ecological and economic consequences, occasionally including the loss of human life. Rather than the breaching of containment itself, which can result from a number of causes (poor control of the phreatic surface, unrecognized dam foundation issues), the contributing factor to the severe consequences of dam breach is the low density and strength and (or) susceptibility of the tailings to liquefy or soften under loading, combined with the driving weight of the ponded water, which allows for significant run-outs (in some cases tens of kilometres) to occur. Hence the motivation for developing alternative technologies that dewater tailings before deposition to the point where reliance on containment is minimized or eliminated. In this paper, these technologies are referred to as "high-density" tailings...


Space-time two dimensional RAKE receiver was introduced into asynchronous and cooperative communication system, and a high-performance RAKE receiving algorithm was proposed. In this algorithm, the transmitting signals were estimated coarsely by traditional space-time rake receiver, then each multipath signal was reconstructed using the estimated result as well as the channel impulse response, and then eliminated successively from reception signals, so it can eliminate Inter Symbol Interference of receiver signals which generate by multipath fading, and the line of sight (LOS) component in the received signal was obtained, and finally, the space-time combination was carried out to the LOS component, and the spatial diversity was achieved. This algorithm can effectively reduce the bit error rate of the asynchronous cooperative communication system. Simulation result shows that the new algorithm can improve the performance of traditional space-time RAKE when SNR is higher than 5dB dramatically.


The introduction of experimental and commercial dynamic posturography systems has moved the investigation of balance disorders from the quiet condition body sway recording, the so called static posturography, to the study of the postural adjustments modes required to prevent falling induced by unexpected perturbations during upright stance, that is named dynamic posturography. For example Nashner [1] realized unexpected gait perturbations using a movable platform in a walkway, Ko and colleagues investigated how perturbation frequency and motion amplitude affect postural coordination strategies [2], while Brown and colleagues investigated in how the displacement waveform characteristic underlying the translating board perturbation is revealed in postural responses [3]. A perturbation, performed by the support platform movement, empathizes the postural coordination modes; it shows the all known control strategies (i.e. rigid mode, ankle mode, ankle-hip mode, ankle-hip-knee mode), and it tends to enhance the pathological features of the balance. A number of recent researches studied the effects of the platform translations on the postural movements [4-8]. These studies suggest that, in order to better understand how balance is maintained during everyday life and how it is affected by disease, there is the need of assessing postural responses in multiple directions. We have therefore designed a new 2-degree of freedom mobile platform (fig. 1), that can perform a wide range of combinations of antero-posterior and medio-lateral either sudden or slow, both impulsive and harmonic movements.


The Problem: Consider a photographic image of a person. It is usually easy for us to point to the arms, the legs, or the head, and to determine the person's rough overall pose. In most cases, when presented with a sequence of such images, we can easily recognize familiar activities (walking, waving hands, kicking). We would like to make a computer be able to perform such recongition and analysis tasks.


Provided is a mask plate for the vacuum thermal evaporation of OLED materials, which comprises a mask frame (1), an insert strip (3) fixed on the mask frame (1), and a mask (5) fixed on the insert strip (3); the mask frame (1) comprises four edges which enclose an opening corresponding to the mask (5); the surface of the side of the mask frame (1), which is close to the mask (5), is defined as the upper surface, and a groove (11) is provided on each edge of the mask frame (1); the insert strip (3) is fixed in the groove (11), and the upper surface of the insertion strip (3) and the upper surface of the groove (11) are on the same horizontal plane; the mask (5) is fixed on the insert strip (3) through spot welding, and welding spots (7) are located on the insert strip (3); the width of the upper surface of the insertion strip (3) is smaller than the width of the insert strip (3) located in the groove (11). When a mask is deformed and needs to be replaced, the insert strip can simply be removed for polishing or simply replacing the insert strip; the mask frame can be repeatedly used multiple times to reduce the scrapping amount of the mask frame and improve the utilization ratio of the mask frame, and at the same time reduce the number of backup mask frames, thus saving materials and production costs; and the tension of the mask can be transferred to the mask frame to the maximum extent, so as to ensure that the insertion strip is not deformed and the mask is stressed uniformly.


This research focuses on developing an Automatic Hydroponic Harvesting Robot (AHHR) for farmers. The Internet of thing (IoT) is applied for AHHR controlling. The aim of this research are to support farrmers to reduce labours, expense, and time for harvesting in hydroponic farm. This robot is easy to use by using automatically in the harvesting. The green oak lettuce is used for demonstration. The efficiency of harvesting is 75% and the usage time is 12.13 for harvesting of 10 plants. The information of products are also sent and stored in a web server. In addition, the web application is provided to monitor resources. These information can be monitored anytime through the internet.


Cancer remains one of the most devastating diseases in the world. Breast cancer is considered the second most widely common among all types of cancers. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a natural hormone secreted by the pineal gland, acting on regulation of several physiological processes such as circadian clocks, acting as antioxidant, anti-inflamatory, and apoptosis regulation. During the recent decades the level of melatonin in patients has been linked to cancer progression and inhibition. In circadian cancer biology, the question how melatonin level plays a role in regulation of cancer progression and metastasis, including breast cancer is a major question. In this review, the molecular actions of melatonin and its prospective role in regulating breast cancer progression and metastasis have been discussed.


The invention relates to a high-power four-quadrant frequency converter which comprises at least one rectifier circuit, at least one inverter circuit and a control circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit is provided with a three-phase alternating current input end connected with a power source, and used for converting the received alternating current signal into a direct current signal; the inverter circuit is provided with a three-phase alternating current output end, connected with the rectifier circuit through two direct current buses, and used for converting the direct current signal into a frequency-adjustable alternating current signal; the control circuit is respectively connected with the rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit, and used for controlling the outputs of the rectifier circuit and the inverter circuit; at least one of the rectifier circuit and inverter circuit comprises a plurality of power units which are connected in parallel; and each power unit comprises a three-phase bridge circuit composed of at least three insulated gate bipolar transistors packaged by double tubes, a filter capacitor and a plurality of Hall current sensors. The frequency converter of the invention can be flexibly provided with the power units according to different system powers, and has the advantages of convenient maintenance, high reliability and low cost.


Until recently, departments and units on university and college campuses have primarily published timely information on paper. >From one-page blue-it's always blue--soberly worded directives sent to deans, directors, and provosts; to bright multicolored flyers littered in faculty and student boxes and pinned to every available inch of wall space; to elaborate glossy catalogs of performing arts events or university extension classes sent to a mailing list whose size rivals that of L. L. Bean, paper has been the medium of choice.


The material for this article has been selected from publications which have appeared from July 1942 to June 1943. As in previous reviews,1it has been necessary rigidly to select material, excluding comparative serologic studies and most case reports. The number of European journals available for review is negligible, but the deficit is offset by the growing interest of Latin American authors in the subject. Because the war has focused attention on the prevention of syphilis, especially among the armed forces, there is an increased number of articles on control of the disease. HISTORY OF SYPHILIS A fascinatingly readable account of syphilis as disclosed in the writings of the Elizabethan playrights and pamphleteers has been contributed by Zimmermann.2Important historical points are clarified and a vivid picture of daily life in Renaissance Europe depicted. The customs of these times, crude, rough, even bawdy, are portrayed in such a


Alcohol consumption is a major public health concern in Ireland. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) appears to disproportionately affect men who have sex with men (MSM). However, little is known about the prevalence of AUD in this group in Ireland specifically, and the characteristics of MSM who may struggle with this.

 The European MSM Internet Survey 2017 was an online, self-completed, anonymous questionnaire among MSM residing in Ireland. Standardised questions were used to explore a variety of topics. The validated CAGE-4 questionnaire was used to screen for potential AUD, defined as a CAGE-4 score of ≥ 2 out of 4. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with potential AUD.

 In total, 1,793 MSM met inclusion criteria, and 31% screened positive for AUD. We observed higher odds of possible AUD among MSM who were bisexual (vs. gay/homosexual) (aOR 1.48 95%CI 1.01-2.18), native to Ireland (vs. non-native) (aOR 1.49 95%CI 1.12-1.96), unemployed (vs. employed) (aOR 1.80 95%CI 1.02-3.16), had used illicit drugs in the previous year (vs. none) (cannabis only, aOR 1.74 95%CI 1.14-2.63) (other illicit drugs, aOR 2.28 95%CI 1.67-3.09), reported anxiety/depression (vs. none) (aOR 1.73 95%CI 1.12-2.66), and MSM who experienced homophobic abuse (vs. never) (aOR 1.55 95%CI 1.09-2.22). Student MSM were less likely to screen positive for AUD (vs. employed) (aOR 0.65 95%CI 0.46-0.93).

 The prevalence of AUD appears to be higher in the MSM population compared to the general male population in Ireland. Targeted interventions may be warranted to reduce the burden of AUD among MSM.

 The prevalence of AUD appears to be higher in the MSM population compared to the general male population in Ireland. Targeted interventions may be warranted to reduce the burden of AUD among MSM.


The ways in which we produce and consume foods have profound effects on natural and social environments. Witness the continuing controversy over issues as divergent as chemical residues, organic standards, genetically modified foods, 'mad cow' disease and the destruction of rainforest to supply the world with cheap hamburger mince.

Consuming Foods, Sustaining Environments sets out to unravel the complex threads linking that production and consumption activities that revolve around food through a series of [refereed] research articles. Contributors come from a diverse range of disciplinary perspectives including sociology, geography, anthropology, history, agriculture and economics.


Despite his long career in England and the important lectures taught and works
published in the US, Alfred North Whitehead does not seem to have ever been truly incorporated in anglophone philosophy, at least not until recently. On the other hand, the philosopher found very early on avid readers in France, Jean Wahl being the most pivotal among them. In 1920, Wahl, defying what was then in fashion in the philosophical circles, already touched upon anglophone pluralist thought in his main dissertation, Les Philosophies
pluralistes d'Angleterre et d'Amerique. In this early work, Whitehead's name appears only once. Later, in the 1930s, however, the English philosopher is the main theme of the long study La philosophie speculative de Whitehead, published in 1931, and he also figures proeminently in Wahl's work Vers le concret, 1932. After World War II, Wahl will be one of the most important philosophical figures in France and through his teachings a whole generation will be introduced to Whitehead's thought. Two well-known students of his were Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Gilles Deleuze. To Merleau-Ponty, Whitehead represents an important addition to his metaphysical speculations, playing a relevant role in his courses in the College de France about Nature, taught between 1956 and 1960. In Deleuze's case, Whitehead is a sort of philosophical role model whose thought appears in his works since the 1960s all the way to the end of the century, although he very rarely cites the English philosopher directly. In this work, firstly I explore Wahl's reading of Whitehead's work and his role as an intermediary for its reception in France. Secondly, I show broadly how Whitehead appears in Merleau-Ponty's and Deleuze's works.


Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1 1. Improbable Stuff: Camp and the MGM House Style 41 2. The Lady is a Camp: Glamour, Star Turns, and the Boys in the Chorus 88 3. Dancing with Balls: Sissies, Sailors, and the Camp Masculinity of Gene Kelly 149 4. What a Glorious Classic: Singin' in the Rain and Mass-Camp Recycling 200 5. Hollywood's Most Precious Jewels: The MGM Musical's Return As a Camp Commodity 246 6. Judy on the Net: Garland, Camp, and Contemporary Fandom 287 Conclusion 337 Notes 343 Works Cited 353 Index 361


Core needle biopsies (CNB) are less invasive, cause less morbidity, and have lower costs than open biopsies (OB). However, the number of studies reporting CNB accuracy in pediatric tumors is limited and series are small. The aim of this study is to investigate if CNB diagnosis is concordant with the final diagnosis in pediatric solid non‐central nervous system (CNS) tumors.


The construction industry consists of a very large number of participants performing numerous tasks/activities during the life-cycle of a project which involve the use of many pieces of information. Such information is spread without any structure or classification across a wide spectrum of disciplines. This leads to many problems in terms of information modelling, handling, integration and management. It is envisaged in this paper that the use of strategic modelling will allow the construction industry to improve the structure of its information, thus answering the questions often raised in construction circles such as 'where do we start when we model information for a complex environment such as that of construction?' and 'how do we make sure that information is integrated and shared across a wide range of disciplines?' Strategic modelling will aid the definition of a top level view of the information architecture which will form the starting point for a consistent information base which has capability for expansion. This top level model should take into account the strategic views of the business or industry, thus establishing an alignment between the business requirements and the information architecture at the strategic level. Factors such as business mission, business objectives, business plan, critical success factors etc. should be assessed in accordance with the information required. This paper is addressing the issue of strategic modelling rather than the strategic planning of construction information using state of the art modelling techniques namely, Information Engineering and Object Oriented Analysis and Design within a CASE tool environment. The use of such techniques will ensure that the construction industry is strategically modelling its information for competitive advantage. This approach to strategic modelling is being adopted by the ICON group at Salford University in order to develop a reliable and solid framework for an integrated database for the construction industry as a whole.


Hexahedral (or Hex‐) meshes are preferred in a number of scientific and engineering simulations and analyses due to their desired numerical properties. Recent state‐of‐the‐art techniques can generate high‐quality hex‐meshes. However, they typically produce hex‐meshes with uniform element sizes and thus may fail to preserve small‐scale features on the boundary surface. In this work, we present a new framework that enables users to generate hex‐meshes with varying element sizes so that small features will be filled with smaller and denser elements, while the transition from smaller elements to larger ones is smooth, compared to the octree‐based approach. This is achieved by first detecting regions of interest (ROIs) of small‐scale features. These ROIs are then magnified using the as‐rigid‐as‐possible deformation with either an automatically determined or a user‐specified scale factor. A hex‐mesh is then generated from the deformed mesh using existing approaches that produce hex‐meshes with uniform‐sized elements. This initial hex‐mesh is then mapped back to the original volume before magnification to adjust the element sizes in those ROIs. We have applied this framework to a variety of man‐made and natural models to demonstrate its effectiveness.

publisher-specific, author manuscript: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions


An automatic star identification program, which has previously been demonstrated only in computer simulation, has been integrated and tested with the tracker test lab prototype star tracker at Table Mountain Observatory. Thirteen of sixteen sky frames were matched correctly with no a priori attitude knowledge. The cause of failure in the frames that failed was determined to be algorithmic, and the flaws in the algorithm causing the failure were identified. The methodology of both Table Mountain Observatory test runs and computer simulated test runs are described, as well as results and recommendations.


Soft switching systems in voltage source inverters usually require the use of additional transistors, capacitors and induction chokes. Contrary to existing solutions, in the proposed system there is no danger of abrupt discharge of the capacitors through the conductive transistor. Moreover, there is no risk of interruption of the induction choke current which usually causes damage of transistors. The principles of the system operation, rules of components selection, and laboratory test results are presented in this paper (Three-phase two-level voltage source inverter with a transistor soft switching system resistant to control disruptions). Słowa kluczowe: falownik napięcia, łagodne przełączanie tranzystorów, straty przełączania.


Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy has been used to investigate the normal-mode relaxation in disordered diblock copolymer melts far from the order-to-disorder transition (ODT). The dielectric spectra are analyzed in order to quantitatively obtain the distribution of relaxation times in the disordered diblocks. The width of the relaxation function shows significant broadening relative to the respective homopolymer distributions when the temperature is decreased and/or the molecular weight is increased. The broadening is attributed to composition fluctuation effects on the normal-mode relaxation. These effects are theoretically accounted for by considering both the short-range fluctuations due to chain connectivity and the long-range concentration fluctuations in diblock copolymers due to the proximity to the ODT and their coupling to the individual block segmental dynamics. Theory not only captures the relative features of the distributions but also quantitatively compares very well with the experimental dielectric spectra.


Developing semantic indices into large image databases is a challenging and important problem in content-based image retrieval. We address the problem of detecting objects in an image based on color and texture features. Specifically, we consider the following two problems of detecting sky and vegetation in outdoor images. An image is divided into 16 X 16 sub-blocks and color, texture, and position features are extracted form every sub-block. We demonstrate how a small set of codebook vectors, extracted from every sub- block. We demonstrate how a small set of codebook vectors, extracted from a learning vector quantizer, can be used to estimate the class-conditional densities of the low-level observed feature needed for the Bayesian methodology. The sky and vegetation detectors have been trained on over 400 color images from the Corel database. We achieve classification accuracies of over 94 percent for both the classifiers on the training data. We are currently extending our evaluation to a larger database of 1,700 images.


80t bulk cement tank wagon is a kind of new heavy load tank wagon for increase vehicle load and improve railway freight transport capacity. It equipped with 27t bogie,three V-shape fluidized bed,large load and high speed and discharge net rate. The article describes in detail the structure of the car,static strength analysis ins conducted on the body.


This paper addresses the attitude and position control for an unmanned quadrotor helicopter considering actuator dynamics under different flight conditions. Nonlinear and decoupled linearized dynamic model of the quadrotor helicopter is discussed. Linear quadratic regulator algorithm is briefly introduced and executed for vehicle's attitude and position control. Using the decoupled linearized dynamics of the quadrotor helicopter, the position control is considered as an outer loop performed by adopting attitude angles to be executed as an inner loop of the control framework. Performance of the control framework is evaluated through experimental application to an unmanned quadrotor helicopter testbed under different flight scenarios and corresponding results are presented and discussed.


Interactions between land surface and atmosphere induced by human activities and natural environmental dynamics act on a time scale that varies from seconds to millions of years. It is by exchanging heat, water, energy and carbon that land surface and atmospheric processes are closely interrelated and influence each other in reciprocal ways. Among the natural interactions between land surface and atmosphere, the water cycle stands out for its complexity and relevance to all other physical processes. In this context, numerical models are largely recommended as tools capable of quantifying, predicting and assessing the soil, surface and atmospheric water budgets. Atmospheric models present a detailed and complex approach to atmospheric processes that includes estimation of carbon, heat, energy and water fluxes between surface and atmosphere based on energy, mass and momentum equations. The numerical solution of these equations include effects of sub-grid scale processes that are not resolved by numerical schemes but affect the resolved scales. These unresolved processes are described in terms of semi-empirical relationships by means of parameterizations. Despite widely acknowledged improvements in parameterizations of vegetation and soil processes in order to interpret the complexities inherent in the water cycle and its interactions with the atmosphere, parameterization schemes usually apply prescribed values of parameters based on their probability density functions which assume vegetation and soil characteristics as continuous distributions, consequently, mixtures in soil and vegetation within an area of interest are not captured. Therefore, the research described in this thesis aimed at understanding the interplay between hydrology and the atmosphere under land use changes using a two-way coupled model that incorporates a process-based approach to land surface hydrological processes to resolve both surface features and the full atmospheric response to them. A rapid expansion of the plantation of sugarcane over the Rio Grande basin, Brazil, as a response to government measures to boost ethanol production was used as a case study on this thesis. To reproduce the sugarcane expansion over the Rio Grande basin, historical land use scenarios were defined based on satellite images captured n 1993, 2000 and 2007. Further, a forth land use scenario was also generated based on the mapping of areas suitable for cultivation of sugarcane made by the Brazilian Institute for Agricultural Research - EMBRAPA. Thereafter, specific model parameters for sugarcane were calibrated and validated to perform analysis of short-, medium- and long-term impacts of sugarcane expansion on the local hydrology. In the meanwhile, an atmospheric-hydrological modelling system was implemented and tested against estimates from a well-known atmospheric model, satellite imagery and observed data. Results obtained from numerical and imagery analysis revealed that most of the sugarcane expansion occurred over areas close to the outlet of the Rio Grande basin where climate and topographical conditions are more attractive for growing sugarcane. They also indicated that the amount of areas replaced with sugarcane plantations, their location within the basin, regional soil properties, and local groundwater contribution to stream flow are the main factors related to the impacts of sugarcane expansion on the water balance of the Rio Grande basin. Additionally, numerical analyses carried out in this thesis showed that the replacement of land surface parameterizations by process-based hydrological modelling implied improvement in temperature, atmospheric water content and zonal and meridional winds calculated near land surface. Finally, a conceptual evaluation of the interplay of land use changes, hydrology and atmosphere as given by the hybrid coupled model was carried out. The main goal of this evaluation was to assess whether the model behavior is in accordance with improved understanding of the hydrological cycle of the Rio Grande basin under land use changes due to sugarcane expansion over its drainage area, resulting in this work. The results obtained from four model runs using historic and possible land use scenarios showed that exchange of water between soil, land surface and atmosphere is an important factor that determines which processes will dominate the water balance during wet and dry seasons under expansion of agricultural lands. (Less)


The investment in ELSS mutual fund over last few years has been getting popular over other mutual fund products due to its income tax benefits and returns. It is necessary to assess its performance as compare to benchmark market indices available in the stock market. The present study aims to compare and analyse the performance of both on the basis of quarterly average and in absolute terms. In order to study the same, the risk adjusted measures such Sharpe and Sortino ratios have been calculated and tested by using Annova and welch test. The period of study considered for the study was considered of 10 years from 2009-10 to 2018-19 taking 43 samples of ELSS funds and 7 benchmark market indices. The findings of the study are wherever there is comparison of ELSS with other benchmark market indices null hypothesis has been rejected which implies that there is difference between the both.


The self-assembly of N-decyldecanamide (DDA) on Au(111) is investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Four self-assembled phases have been observed by varying the molecular coverage and the evaporation temperature. At lower coverage, the self-assembled phase with lowest Gibbs free energy is preferred, suggesting the self-assembly at low coverage is thermodynamically driven. At fixed evaporation temperature, the increasing of the molecular coverage results in the phase transitions from sparse packing to dense ones. On the basis of the systematic study of the self-assembly structures of DDA on the Au(111) surfaces, a phase diagram is eventually obtained. This study provides means to control the phase transitions on Au(111) surfaces by altering the balance of thermodynamic and kinetic effects.


Objective To understand the health situation of the living conditions and the learning environment in 69 pre-fabricated house schools in Mianzhu City.Method Questionnaire survey and field checks were used to get the basic condition of schools,health service center,food hygiene and water sanitation.The indoor air quality of the pre-fabricated house schools was detected by direct or simulation testing.Result In 69 different schools,health service centers had been established in 36 schools.9 schools had been provided with full-time health care staffs and 44 schools with part-time health care staffs.The vast majority of school canteens and drinking water were in line with the hygiene requirements.Formaldehyde data in indoor air were all less than the concentration of 0.08 mg/m3 in the pre-fabricated house schools.Conclusion The sanitary conditions of the pre-fabricated house schools are in line with the hygiene requirements in Mianzhu City.


Coronary risk factors are more prevalent among blacks than whites in the United States. It is therefore paradoxical that age‐adjusted death rates for coronary artery disease (CAD) are similar in the two racial groups. The major risk factor for CAD that is more common among blacks than whites is hypertension, which increases the risk of CAD by two‐ to fourfold, depending on the presence of smoking, hypercholesterolemia, or other factors. Two general hypotheses have been advanced to explain the lower than expected CAD rates among blacks: (1) the presence of some protective factors, such as increased levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL); or (2) selective loss of CAD‐prone black individuals due to other causes of mortality. Analysis of age‐specific death rates from the vital statistics records strongly suggests that differential survival in the black and white populations, i.e., mortality selection, is the primary explanation of this phenomenon. We sought to test this hypothesis by examining an entirely independent data base. Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey for the years 1973–1984 were evaluated to determine whether there were age‐related differences in case‐fatality rates between whites and blacks, and whether a crossover pattern in mortality could be discerned. The results demonstrate that in‐hospital case‐fatality rates for acute myocardial infarction (MI) were 10% to 70% higher for each of the 10‐year age groups for blacks up to age 70 years, at which time a crossover occurred. The median age at which death due to MI occurred in blacks was approximately 5 years earlier than in whites. We conclude that CAD has an earlier onset in blacks and is more severe at any given age under 70 years, and that age‐adjusted CAD rates are reduced by the effects of mortality selection on a cohort. The primary cause of non‐CAD cardiovascular death among blacks is hypertension. Thus, the relatively increased prevalence of hypertension among blacks is paradoxically the cause of the lower than anticipated CAD death rates.


The appropriateness and efficacy of various interventions aimed at preventing early sexual debut among adolescents has been hotly debated; in particular, abstinence interventions have been criticized for being misguided. Researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of an abstinence-only intervention in 662 black students (mean age, 12.2 years) in grades 6 and 7 at middle schools serving low-income communities in one northeastern U.S. city. The …


Objective To study the effects of Statins in the treatment of heart failure due to hypertensive heart disease.Method Eighty patients with heart failure due to hypertensive heart disease were randomly divided into the treatment group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).All the patients received conventional treatment:antihypertension and anti-heart failure(β-blocker,ACEI,diuretics and digoxin).The treatment group received Atorvastatin(10 mg/d)for 8 weeks in addition.Before and after treatment,blood lipin,plasma tumor necrosing factor-α(TNF-α)and C-reactive protein(CRP),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and vascular endotheliun function were measured.Results After 8 weeks of treatment,LVEF was improved significantly in both groups(P0.01),but that in the treatment group was improved more significantly than that in the control group(P0.05).Serum total chlolesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein(LDL)had obvious change in the treatment group berore and after therapy(P0.05),the plasma TNF-α,CRP and vascular endotheliun function were aslo had obvious changes in the treatment group berore and after therapy(P0.01),but the control group had no changes berore and after therapy.Conclusion Atorvastatin can remarkablely improve cardiac function and vascular endotheliun function in patients with heart failure due to hypertensive heart disease,and it suggests that Statin may have therapeutic benefits in nonischemic heart failure.


Y2O3 thin film was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with a new precursor yttrium tris(N,N'-diisopropylacetamidinate), Y(iPr2amd)3, and water. The precursor was thermally stable and volatile and had high reactivity with water. The growth rate of Y2O3 films was 0.8 A/cycle over a wide temperature range (150−280 °C). The films were very pure (C, N 1.5) and −OH bonds in air-exposed films. A relatively high permittivity (∼12), a low leakage current density (<10-7 cm2 at 2 MV/cm) and high electrical breakdown field (∼5 MV/cm) were measured for capacitors prepared from Al2O3 (10 A)/Y2O3/n-Si structures. Uncapped Y2O3 films showed flat...


Purpose
In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence and digital technology has increasingly become a priority for online retailers. It is crucial to choose a way to make use of human–computer interaction (HCI) design to exert the positive influence of intelligent technology on consumer welfare. Despite the increasing use of HCI design in online retail context, there remain limitations in their effect of consumer well-being improvement. Although there is extensive literature in the field of consumer well-being improvement, few studies have empirically examined how HCI design drives the improvement of consumer well-being in the online retail context. Therefor, this study aims to deeply and systematically analyze the psychological mechanism between HCI and consumer well-being in the online retail environment.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical analysis is based on data collection of 476 samples of online shoppers through the online survey method. From the perspective of autonomy, this study deeply analyzes the influence mechanism of different dimensions of HCI perception on consumer well-being.

Findings
The results indicated that autonomy plays a positive intermediary role in the impact of perceived connectivity, perceived personalization, perceived control and perceived responsiveness on the eudaimonia and hedonic enjoyment. Also, it revealed that psychological resistance negatively regulates the impact of perceived connectivity, perceived personalization and perceived control on autonomy, while experience purchase positively regulates the impact of autonomy on hedonic enjoyment.

Originality/value
This paper expands the research situation of consumer well-being by making integration of the dual structure of subjective well-being and psychological well-being to define the psychological mechanism and boundary conditions of the impact of HCI perception on consumer well-being. The main contribution of this study is to provide enlightenment for online retail enterprises to improve HCI design and help consumers enhance long-term well-being.


A low profile wrench actuated by fluid comprises a rack (24) and a gear drive system to obtain an accurate lever arm (30). The toothed wheel is a toothed wheel segment (34) which is part of the output lever (30) of the key. The key can use a large number of operating heads (H) and / or a large number of reaction elements.


Impact of trace component on capillary condensation (CC) is investigated systematically using a classical density functional theory. It is discovered that (i) presence of the trace component makes the CC to occur at much lower condensation pressure than when its absence; (ii) Lennard-Jones potential parameters like size parameter and energy parameter of the trace component, and its concentration in the bulk adsorption system, show their effects the most remarkably within a particular range beyond which the effects eventually become insignificant. The present discoveries have implications in low pressure storage of gases, separation and enrichment of low concentration component, and easy control of CC transition, etc.


Slab calving from an ice wall on Deception Island (63.0 oS, 60.6°W) has been related to a bending moment at the top of the ice wall that produced nearly vertical shear bands across which shear offset decreases to zero at the bed and in which strain-rates up to 600/a were measured. These shear bands and strain-rates were duplicated in laboratory creep experiments at shear stresses of 100 kPa or more, after a shear strain of about 0.4 at the end of recrystallization. Recrystallization began at a shear strain of about 0.1 when the strain-rate was about 1.9/a, which increases to 24.0/a after recrystallization. Halving the shear stress suppressed recrystallization. Prior to recrystallization, n = 2.17 in the flow law, E zx = (T Z / A)n. From this, a shear stress of 228 kPa was computed lor E zx = 92/ a in a shear band on the ice wall.


This article analyses the problems of protection of historical and cultural monuments in medium and small size cities of Nizhny Novgorod (1936 to 1990 Gorky) Region during the Soviet period. It is shown that protection of monuments in the region consistent with the general lines of the state ideology and policy developed through three major stages. For each stage, the issues of state protection, preservation, up-to-date use and promotion of monuments are considered. At the same time, protection activities highlighted all-Russian trends, which included mass demolition of church architecture in the 1930s, some comprehensive restorations of the 1960s, assigning a historic status to a number of towns (1970), and formation of state monuments lists. In addition, some peculiarities were identified that were caused by regional speciality of cultural heritage: flourishing of church architecture in Balakhna of 17 th-18 th centuries, the golden age of classical architecture of Arzamas, and artistic phenomenon of the Volga Region surface wood carving in mid-19 th century around Gorodets. The article contains main publications of the Soviet period devoted to the study and promotion of historical and cultural heritage of the cities and towns of the region.


The aim of this prospective, randomized‐controlled study is to analyze the outcomes of a new graft technique in tympanoplasty and compare its outcomes with cartilage island graft plus extra perichondrium.


Objective To clarify clinical and morphological features and immunophenotype and Epstain-Barr virus infection of neoplastic cell rich Hodgkin's lymphoma (NCRHL)and to further improve our knowledge and pathological diagnosis for NCRHL. Methods 10 cases of NCRHL were analyzed for clinical features, morphology, immunophenotype, Epstein-Barr virus infection using routine eosin and haematoxylin stain, immunohistochemistry, Epstain-Barr virus encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization and combining clinical data. Results (1)NCRHL were more common in young people. The median age of the patients was 25.5 years old. The ratio of male to female was 1:2.3. Superficial lymph nodes were most frequently involved. Masses of mediastinum were seen commonly. Clinical manifestation of the patients included B symptom (6 cases), pruitus (5 cases) and anemia (1 case). (2)Architecture of lymph nodes were effected. Necrosis was seen in some cases. There were more tumor cells in NCRHL than that in the classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. The tumor cells were distributed in piece or patch or diffuse. The morphology of neoplastic cells was wore variable including Hodgkin-like cells, lacunar cell-like, mummy cell-like and anaplastic large cell-like, singular nucleated cells, and multinucleated giant cell-like cells. Numerous neutrophils and eosinophils were present in a few cases. Focal sheet, necrosis granulomatosis-like and diffuse growth pattern were found in NCRHL. (3)All of the cases were positive for CD30 and PAX-5.2/10 (20%) cases were CD15 positive. LCA, CD20 and CD3 were negative. (4)EBER was not detected in all 6 tested cases. (5)Follow up data was obtained in 8/10 cases, in which one patient was dead, one case relapsed in half a year,and the other 6 cases reached complete regression. Conclusion NRCHL is characterized mainly by neoplastic cell rich morphologically and focal sheet, necrosis granulomatosis-like and diffuse growth pattern.EBER was not detected in this tumor. Some cases have aggressive clinic process with a unfavourable prognosis. New treatment regimen should be explored.

Key words:
Lymphoma, Hodgkin;  Neoplastic cell rich;  Immunohistochemistry;  Pathology,clinical;  Antigens, CD30, Antigens, CD15;  PAX-5


By adopting risk management, savings potentials can be realized in construction projects. For this reason, for project managers as well as real estate developers, a consideration of the risk management process is worthwhile. The risk management process comprises 6 process steps, which will be discussed in greater detail below. The integration of a risk management system in construction projects must be oriented to the progress of the project and permeate all areas, functions and processes of the project. In this, particular importance is attached to the risks in the personnel area, for, particularly for enterprises providing highly qualified services, specialized employees are essential for market success.


Since Korean supreme court decision en banc (Case No. 93do2080 decided on March 22th, 1994) declared that a normative factor along with an identity of basic facts charged should be taken into consideration, most of court cases have held on to this standpoint of the supreme court. If a normative factor is taken into consideration to determine identity of facts charged, the scope of an identity will be more reduced, than that based on pure basic facts charged. Therefore, as intended by the court decision, a person who was punished for a minor offense (the crime of taking stolen goods) can be punished once again for a serious crime. Like this, If a normative factor was considered, it means that the problematic situation of an arbitrary exercise of a state power on criminal punishment can be overcome, which is otherwise impossible because of prohibition against double jeopardy. But this approach may bring another problem that the constitutional right to prohibition of double jeopardy will be violated because this approach may deny the identity of the facts closely related to and in a tight relation with facts charged and make it possible to punish the accused twice. This can not be justified if it turns back on legal stability and expected pay-off but leads to achievement of criminal justice or accomplishment of state power on criminal sanction. Also, it places burden on the defendant from a justice system that reveals its own limits by proving guilt at a time and damages the principles of criminal law. Moreover, the expansion of punishment by introducing the view of a normative factor may encourage arbitrary prosecution. Even though the need of introducing a view of normative factor is acknowledged, a normative factor determined through the consideration of a characteristics of an act, a legal interest violated, nature of crime, etc, does not have clear standards to decide a normative alikeness of facts charged, It has a risk to cause inconsistent court decisions, As we have already seen before, an identity of charges is denied even when there is no normative dissimilarities of conclusions of particular cases. In contrast, an identity of charges is approved even in the case that serious differences of nature of crimes were found. It shows confusions and contradictions, in that an identity of facts charged is approved even between the cases where there appear analogous facts but the same applicable provision. This phenomenon obviously violates legal stability of people in criminal process. Therefore, taking account of many problems raised above, it is not reasonable to take into consideration a normative factor to determine an identity of facts charged because it may get worse-off rather than better-off.


Abstract To enhance the cellular uptake for antisense oligonucleotides or analogues a lipophilic steroid moiety was linked to the 5′-O- or 2′-O-position of appropriate protected thymidine or uridine simply by acid catalysed reaction with cholesterylvinylether. The corresponding cholesteryl-acetals were derivatized to the 3′-O- or 5′-O-phosphoramidites and then introduced as 5′-end terminating agents or incorporated within the sequence of oligodeoxyribonucleotides up to a chain length of 18 bases. 3′ -end linkage was achieved by using the corresponding 2′-O-cholesteryluridine building unit, tethered via a 3′-O-/5′-O-succinate-bridge to polystyrene as solid support.


The article deals with the issue of inclusion development in education. The issue has a global importance. No matter how various are the processes of inclusion of the persons with disabilities into the system of educational relations in the modern world, there are many common issues that hinder the effective inclusion of special learners into the educational relations. This defines the urgency of this research, dedicated to the topic of inclusive education. This research presents the author's vision on one of the actual directions in solving the issue of development of the inclusive education models. As one of the options in reducing the barriers in the way of development of the educational institutions with inclusive orientation, we consider the pedagogical facilitation. The issues of pedagogical facilitation are raised in scientific literature. The purpose of this article is opening the capabilities of facilitation in development of the inclusive processes in education, showing its value in implementation of the ideological, methodological and didactic basic of inclusive education. The article considers a general definition of facilitation as a social phenomenon; it gives a brief description of the researches faced to the facilitation issues. As a hypothesis of the research, an assumption was made that the active implementation of the facilitation method into the vital function of educational institutions would promote the efficiency of the inclusive processes. The methodological basis of the study is a person-centred paradigm, which stipulates the relationship of cooperation, co-creativity, non-violence. As a research method of this issue, a method of theoretical analysis that allows considering the facilitation in the system of inclusive education was adopted. Based on this method, research on the problems of inclusion in education and pedagogical facilitation were reviewed. The theoretical analysis allowed defining a close link between the two new phenomena in the system of modern education.


OBJECTIVE
To establish a method for sensitive and rapid determination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in different water.

METHODS
Based on the actual national standard detection method of PCP, gas chromatographic conditions and quantitative method were modified and optimized. The modified method was used for the determination of pentachlorophenol in samples from natural water, output water and tap water.

RESULTS
A modified method for the detection of PCP in drinking water samples was developed with the conditions of gas chromatography as follows: the capillary column was used for separation and tribromophenol (TBP) as internal standard for quantification, the linear range were 0.1 - 10 microg/L, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9999. The limit of detection was 4.5 ng/L. Recoveries were between 90.1% and 98.4%, and RSD was less than 4.1% .

CONCLUSION
The proposed method is a sensitive and accurate method for trace analysis of PCP in different water.


At present the V2G (vehicle to grid) technology is drawing people's attention, which can relieve the problems of low grid efficiency and renewable energy fluctuation, and also bring EV owners profits. In this paper the concept and evaluation of V2G are firstly described, then the implement method is classified according to different objects. The paper reviews the key problems which are referred to by V2G, such as intelligent dispatching and intelligent charging/discharging management, bi-directional charger as well as the effect of V2G on battery, and introduces the research in China. Finally the key technologies are concluded as well as the developing trends, and some advices are given according to the condition of China.


Between now and the year 2000 the cost of environmental protection may grow almost $21 billion in real terms, and state and local governments are going to have to bear the bulk of that burden, says the National Governors' Association in a recent report. They are already bearing a growing share of the burden, and most states are struggling to meet the cost of existing environmental initiatives. The report points out that state environmental programs were the recipients of 28% of the Environmental Protection Agency's $1.8 billion operating budget in 1979. Within 10 years the states' share has dropped to 18% and EPA's budget has fallen to $1.7 billion. Although many states have increased their appropriations from general revenues for environmental programs, there often isn't enough money available to fund them fully. Given the gap between the cost of environmental protection and the resources available to pay for it, the National Governors' Association surveyed the ...


A β‐galactoside α1 → 2 fucosyltransferase (H‐enzyme) from human group O plasma which provides H blood group specificity to erythrocyte membranes has been purified approximately 22,000‐fold by chromatography on DEAE‐Sepharose CL‐6B, GDP‐hexanolamine‐Sepharose 4B and SP‐Sephadex C‐50. The molecular weight of the H‐enzyme was estimated to be 150,000 by gel filtration. Human group O erythrocyte membranes which had lost their H blood group activity by the action of α1 → 2 fucosidase were fucosylated by the transferase, and restored the H activity. Radioactive L‐fucose appeared to be incorporated into glycolipid blood group substances of erythrocyte membranes. The activity of the α1 → 2 fucosyltransferase from human plasma, stomach mucosa, erythrocyte membranes and porcine stomach mucosa were specifically inhibited by the rabbit antiserum immunized with the preparation of human plasma H‐enzyme. The anti‐plasma H‐enzyme antiserum did not inhibit the activities of α1 → 3 N‐acetygalactosaminyltransferase (A‐enzyme), α1 → 3 galactosyltransferase (B‐enzyme), and β‐N‐acetylglucosaminide α1 → 3 and α1 → 4 fucosyltransferases from human plasma and stomach mucosa.


Aims: Hyperbenthos is a small animal living in water column above the bottom surface. They play an important role in the trophodynamics of coastal environments, as predator and prey. However, study of hyperbenthos in Palian mangrove estuary was scare. The aims of present study are to determine the diversity and abundance of hyperbenthos in the Palian mangrove estuary, to investigate the feeding ecology of Silago sihama and Toxotes chatareus in the Palian mangrove estuary, and to elucidate the trophic role of hyperbenthos for benthic fish, S. sihama and T. chatareus, in the Palian mangrove estuary. Methodology and results: Hyperbenthos and fishes were collected on 19-20 February 2015 using a sledge net (500 μm) and fish trap, respectively. A total of 19 hyperbenthos groups, belonging to seven phyla were found. Cumaceans were the major compartment of hyperbenthos community followed by prawns, mysid shrimps, polychaetes and crabs. Stomach content analysis revealed that both S. sihama and T. chatareus were carnivorous which fed mainly on polychaetes, prawns, crabs and other benthic organisms. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: It can be concluded that hyperbenthos in Palian mangrove estuary are in high diversity and they are importance food source to S. sihama and T. chatareus in Palian mangrove estuary, Trang Province, Thailand.


Materials such as air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, CO, and water increase the viscosity of molten aluminum base metals. Molten metals so treated yield superior metal foams when blown with a blowing agent. Typi cal blowing agents which can be used are zirconium, hafnium, and titanium hydrides. Non-stoichiometric materials, MH, wherein M is titanium, hafnium or zir conium, and a has the value of about 1.65-1.80 can be used as blowing agents. Such non-stoichiometric mate rials are made by heating the (substantially) stoichio metric compounds.


This article presents the author's comments at a meeting at the United Nations on February 8, 2008, where she stressed the need for the education of Afghan social workers. She shares the international definition of the social work profession, as set out by the International Federation of Social Workers, and suggests several examples of how social work can play a crucial role in the healing of the country and the strengthening of rights for Afghan women.


The purpose of this paper is to simulate public trust on nuclear regulation policy. The first of all, public trust variables and the model were developed and analysed by system dynamic method. The model are consisted of the operator safety culture level, regulatory competence levels, the public satisfaction and public trust level. The scenario is made up three type which base scenario, the system operator``s safety culture level and accident event level. First. the simulation results of standard scenario shows that rapidly declining public satisfaction and trust level of the national safety after Japan``s nuclear accident in November 2011. Second, operator safety culture level and simulated divided into three levels. The results showed that a greater impact on the public satisfaction if bad than good case. Finally, the size of the accident was simulated divided into three levels levels(no accident, medium, serious accidents). the results showed a weak effect against the regulatory capacity and safety performance levels but showed a significant impact on public satisfaction and confidence level.


Integrity, accountability, and fairness are crucial attributes for public service pro-vision, especially for government agencies with strategic role of collecting tax revenue. To ensure those principles prevail, Indonesian Parliament and Govern-ment, represented by the Minister of Finance, agreed to establish Taxation Over-sight Committee (TOC) as a check and balance unit similar to tax ombudsman to oversee Directorate General of Taxation (DGT) and Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE), two units who carry the mandate. In addition to the ombudsman-ish tasks to prevent fraudulent behaviour and power abuse from DGT and DGCE officials, the Minister also demands TOC to produce technostructural interventions, i.e. conducting study and analysis to recommend ways to improve their performance.
However, since its formation in 2010, a comprehensive evaluation of TOC's impact on tax administration has yet to be seen. For that reason, this research aimed to qualitatively measure TOC's effectiveness in performing its tasks and functions, along with its determining factors. To achieve the objective, this study was conducted by two sequential qualitative research methods. The secondary data analysis was used to assess TOC's recommendation monitoring data from 2015 to June 2018, and it was followed by the in-depth semi-structured interviews that sought confirmation, explanation, and the reasoning behind the analysis result.
This research finds that the intervention provided by TOC has yet been influential and valued. The assessment indicates the pseudo-independence performed, inadequate organisational and institutional capacities, reduced budget, ineffective human resource management, and a policy that discourages democratic control contribute to TOC's ineffectual performance. However, the positive perception from the taxpayers and the liaison officers, and the initiative to align its interest with DGT's and DGCE's programs could be seen as encouraging attempts towards more effective interventions.


With the advent of Information Technology in the last decade, the major focus has shifted from manual systems to computerized systems. Various systems viz. railway reservation, hospital management etc. involving manual work have been automated efficiently. Student course registration process in colleges involve filling registration forms manually, getting it signed by respective subject teachers, and then getting the documents acknowledged fromthe concerned Advisors, College Deans and Accounts Officers respectively. Finally the registration forms are submitted in the Administrative Branch. As is evident, this process is very laborious and time consuming. An Online Student Course Registration System has been developed to simplify the current manual procedure.This system has been developed using PHP, jQuery, Apache and MySQL. The front-end is designed using PHP with excerpts of code written using jQuery and back-end is designed and managed through MySQL. This system software is more secured, user-friendly and less time-consuming.


Women who were treated for Hodgkin lymphoma during childhood and adolescence had similar rates of post-treatment parenthood as that of the general population.


Shareholder voting has been argued to be of little value since it generally does not compel management to respond to the message sent by voters. We show that large voting support for a proposal is effective even if management refuses to implement demanded changes. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that management's failure to comply triggers campaigns against unresponsive boards by shareholder organizations, causing notably more votes against incumbent CEOs and directors subsequently. This defiance is valued positively by the market. However, there is also some evidence of collateral damage as those shareholder campaigns lead valuable CEOs to leave more often.


Metropolitan areas in the United States are experiencing a steep increase in traffic growth and traffic congestion on their urban freeways. In the past, the most prevalent type of urban interchange has been the diamond interchange (DI). In more recent years, however, to overcome the need for significant additional right-of-way that is generally required for this type of interchange and still respond to increased traffic demand, a new type of interchange has emerged: the single-point urban interchange (SPUI). Traffic engineers do not agree about the relative operational efficiency of the SPUI compared with the DI. Also, the unfamiliar geometry and operation of the SPUI and its large, uncontrolled conflict area have raised several concerns about the safety of motorists who travel through it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the safety and operational characteristics of the SPUI and DI and to develop guidelines that identify traffic and geometric conditions that favor one over the other. We surveyed state traffic engineers across the nation about their experiences and opinions of the two interchanges in terms of operational performance and safety. A complete literature review on the subject revealed significant findings as well. We used both of these sources of information to develop guidelines to aid traffic engineers in selecting and designing the appropriate type of interchange.


In this paper we consider a model, where at most one object is allocated to each individual, with no two individuals sharing one or more objects, and possibly some allocations being defined infeasible. We propose a weaker sufficient condition than the one suggested by Herreiner and Puppe (2002) for a balanced solution to be an outcome of the DDP, for some ordering of the individuals. Further, we define another method called the first encounter descending demand procedure (FEDDP), which in the unrestricted case, where the feasible set consists of all allocations where no two individuals share an object, can be used to obtain every balanced allocation. We also show in this paper, that it is possible for an allocation in a housing market to be balanced without belonging to the core and for an allocation to belong to the core in spite of not being balanced.


'Bainong 64',a resistant wheat variety to slow powdery mildew,'Jingshuang 16',a susceptible wheat variety to slow powdery mildew were crossed with each other and backcrossed with their F_1,and thus six generations including the parents were obtained.The six generations were used to examine the gene numbers,heritability and inheriting patterns of the resistance of 'Bainong 64' to slow powdery mildew.The results showed that 'Bainong 64' and three paris of genes to control its resistance to slow powdery mildew,two paris of which presented stronger dominance and the other of which presented weak dominance;The general inheritability and narrow inheritability of its resistance to slow powdery mildew were 0.673±0.015 8 and 0.299 8±0.132 2,respectively;The inherting model of its resistance to slow powdery mildew belonged to the additive-dominant model.


A risk assessment index system for international construction projects was established.The risk evaluation method for international construction project contracting was put forward based on the integration of evidence theory and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory.The dimensions of index system were reduced by using the evidence theory.The index data after dimension reduction was input into the fuzzy comprehensive index system and decision was made in terms of the principle of maximum membership degree.The empirical study shows that it is feasible and reliable to use this method for the evaluation of the government investment projects.


SUMMARY
Prediction of genomic annotations from DNA sequences using deep learning is today becoming a flourishing field with many applications. Nevertheless, there are still difficulties in handling data in order to conveniently build and train models dedicated for specific end-user's tasks. keras_dna is designed for an easy implementation of Keras models (TensorFlow high level API) for genomics. It can handle standard bioinformatic files formats as inputs such as bigwig, gff, bed, wig, bedGraph, or fasta and returns standardized inputs for model training. keras_dna is designed to implement existing models but also to facilitate the development of news models that can have single or multiple targets or inputs.

AVAILABILITY
Freely available with a MIT License using pip install keras_dna or cloning the github repo at https://github.com/etirouthier/keras_dna.git.

CONTACT
firstname.lastname@example.com and email@example.com.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
An extensive documentation can be found online at https://keras-dna.readthedocs.io/en/latest/.


I OR many Americans," writes Professor Oscar Cargill, "Thomas Hardy stands for Naturalism, one book of his, either The Native or Tess, being perhaps the only Naturalistic book they have ever read."' To this statement Professor Carl J. Weber promptly rejoins that "'Naturalistic' is probably not the right term for Hardy's work."2 Unfortunately, however, Professor Cargill makes no very extensive attempt to show wherein lies the naturalism of the two books that he mentions, nor does Professor Weber indulge the reader with any of his reasons for thinking the term not the correct one. Thus a reader, in trying to sift out the problem, has very little to guide him save the unsupported assertions of the two writers. Professors Cargill and Weber did not by any means originate this state of affairs, because disagreement has long prevailed as to what, if any, was Hardy's relation to French naturalism. One of Zola's friends and early biographers made the assertion that "of Mr. Thomas Hardy it may be said perhaps, as of Mr. George Moore, that he has at least occasionally worked along lines running parallel to those on which Zola worked for years";3 yet only a few years went by before M. Hedgcock informed us that "M. Hardy se stpare nettement des romanciers naturalistes."4 Nearer to the present, the confusion and disagreement become even worse as we read that the description of Tess aroused from sleep, yawning and stretching, "serves excellently as evidence of Hardy's naturalistic bent for detail"' or that in Jude the Obscure "he wrote a naturalistic novel" which fails as a tragedy largely because Hardy "cannot present two kinds of truth in a naturalistic novel."' This latter statement is particularly striking when we remember that, only two years before, Mr. Rutland had been just as brief and just as adamant in maintaining what might well be taken to be a contrary position. In speaking of the reviews of Jude the Obscure, he declared: The less perspicacious critics accused Hardy of imitating Zola, whom they, like Mrs. Oliphant, had never read themselves. Time need not be wasted upon this comparison; othing could well be farther apart than the aims of that particular French realist, and the aims with which Hardy wrote Jude.7 One could continue with this game of matching quotations, but surely it is evident that the problem of Hardy's relation to French naturalism now stands in a state of considerable confusion, owing in the main to the great number of fragmentary and unsupported assertions already on record-assertions that would seem to betray either a not very careful examination of Hardy or vastly different notions as to what the doctrine and practice of the naturalists really were. In other words,


Cryptocurrencies and other digital assets increasingly gain importance as means for payments facilitation and value storage. But the efforts of international regulators to establish a reliable and enforceable legal framework have not yet led to resilient approaches. This article aims to clarify and amend the existing taxonomy and shed light on the main normative challenges associated with digital money. Current and potential future types of state money as well as the regulatory aspects related to privately issued digital money are addressed.


The problem is to discover structural patterns the matrix of which is larger than the sentence and the entities of which comprise more than subject, verb, object etc. RECURRENCE of entities seems to be a promising heuristic criterion. In fact, Harris availed himself of the recurrence phenomenon in his well-known attempts at discourse analysis. Harris' method might be called 'syntactical'. The correlation between the structures he attains and the more intuitively known textual patternings can apparently be brought about only by the SEPARATELY ordered process of INTERPRETATION. The semantic approach of discourse analysis which we shall try out in the paragraphs to follow is designed to be of greater proximity to the intuitively known data of the text, so that the correlation is more obvious. We cannot hope for the stringency and uniqueness we find in Harris' method; this may be partly due to the fact that semantic relations are less easily amenable to formalization. On the other hand, we shall move at a rapid pace through the possible field of investigation in order to suggest a notion of its breadth and scope. This will be at the cost of detailed accuracy. We shall content ourselves here with a preliminary sketch.


Provisioning commercial mobile telecommunications service on a high-speed train (HST) faces several challenges. In particular, when an HST quickly passes through the radio coverage of the base stations, frequent handovers may result in serious communication interruption. Methods such as the hierarchical two-hop network and the seamless dual-link handover scheme were proposed to address these challenges. This paper proposes the multiple radio access technology (multi-RAT) to resolve the HST handover issue, which allows the HST to simultaneously connect to two or more heterogeneous mobile networks (e.g., the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System and Long Term Evolution). With this approach, the handover process can be improved by keeping multiple heterogeneous network links of the HST at the same time and maintaining the connection through one link during the handover process of the other link. We show that multi-RAT can effectively enhance HST communications by reducing the impact of handover failure. This approach can work together with other solutions such as the dual-link scheme to further enhance the performance of the HST communications.


Meteorologists are required to provide accurate and comprehensive weather information for planning and operational aviation, agricultural, water projects and also for the public. In general, weather phenomena such as thunderstorms over the area between the tropics and the middle latitudes are not fully understood, particularly in the Middle East area, for many reasons such as: 1) the complexity of the nature of the climate due to the wide-ranging diversity in the topography and landscape in the area; 2) the lack of meteorological data in the area; and 3) the lack of studies on local weather situations. In arid regions such as Saudi Arabia, the spatial and temporal variation of thunderstorms and associated rainfall are essential in determining their effects on social and economic conditions. Thunderstorms form rapidly, due to the fact that the significant heating of the air from the surface and the ensuing rainfall usually occurs within a short period of time. Thus, understanding thunderstorms and rainfall distribution in time and space would be useful for hydrologists, meteorologists and for environmental studies. Research all over the world has shown, however, that consideration of local factors like Low Level Jets (LLJ), moisture flux, sea breezes, and the Red Sea Convergence Zone (RSCZ) would be valuable in thunderstorm prediction. The combined effects of enhanced low-level moisture convergence and layer destabilization due to upslope flow over mountainous terrain has been shown to be responsible for thunderstorm development in otherwise non-favourable conditions. However, there might be other synoptic features associated with heavy thunderstorms or cause them, but these features have not been investigated in any research in Saudi Arabia. Thus, relating the local weather and synoptic situations with those over the middle latitudes will provide a valuable background for the forecasters to issue the medium-range forecasts which are important for many projects. These forecasts become possible when the movement and the development of the mid-latitude disturbances are known very well. To further increase our understanding of the inter-annual variability of thunderstorms in semi-arid areas such as Saudi Arabia, it is necessary to consider the relationship between this variability and the large-scale atmospheric parameters in addition to the geographical features. Moreover, better insight into the monthly variations of the synoptic situations in Saudi Arabia is considered to be important for understanding the broad mechanisms responsible for thunderstorm occurrences in this geographical area. This information is highly important for aviation and other sectors in Saudi Arabia – both public and private. This paper aims to investigate the favourable synoptic environments for heavy thunderstorm initiation and development in Saudi Arabia. The importance of the monthly synoptic analysis of all days (1998-2003), heavy thunderstorm days, and dry days was intended to be demonstrated. Therefore, the monthly mean charts and deviations from the mean (anomalies) of specific meteorological parameters for heavy thunderstorm days and dry days for the months of January-December for the period 1998-2003, was illustrated to examine the synoptic conditions leading to heavy thunderstorm events in Saudi Arabia.


comparing the contribu,tions of different sources of variability operating on the quality of the product and in sampling inspection problems for investigating the number and arrangement of different strata. Mathematical models are described with great care and the logic of the technique is ex-plained by working out examples of practical interest The general arguments developed in these two chapters are m·ore or less clear and the arrangement of the topics is also logical. One feels, however, that the discussion of interaction is not adequate and more detailed treatment of this topic will perhaps prove useful to the readers.


Between 11th January and 24th March 2018, Oxford Archaeology East (OA East) conducted an archaeological excavation on land north-east of Rockmill End, Willingham, Cambridgeshire (TL 4094 7067). The site was 0.5ha in size and was excavated in two phases due to poor ground conditions.
A relatively high density of archaeological deposits and features was found, predominantly spanning the Late Iron Age to Early Roman period (c.100 BC – 100 AD). The earliest and main focus of activity was a long-lived, large sinuous boundary ditch that ran east to north-west across the site, with further ditches denoting a field system to the south. This network of ditches appears to date to the Late Iron Age to Early Roman transition period. A roundhouse with a long occupation span was associated with the boundary ditch, along with a number of broadly contemporary pits and postholes.
In the Early Roman period the large ditch was recut and extended to the south-west, reinstating the boundary but related to a shifted focus of activity to the north-east. The third phase of activity was in the latter part of the Early Roman period and was represented by a sub-rectangular enclosure and an adjacent trackway. A ditch extending from the trackway may relate to contemporary land management. After the enclosure went out of use the site appears to have been abandoned, with no evidence for later Roman (post early 2nd century) or early post-Roman activity being identified.
At some point in the medieval or late medieval period, the land was again cultivated and the remains of furrows were found to cut across the site (on an NNW-SSE alignment). These presumably relate to the medieval open fields of Willingham. The final phase of activity was a quarry pit, with two ditches dating to the late post-medieval to early modern periods. These ditches correspond to post-Enclosure field boundaries shown on historic maps of the area.
A relatively small finds assemblage was recovered from the site – reflecting its rural, agricultural character – and largely comprises Late Iron Age to Early Roman pottery that is predominantly utilitarian and local in origin. Other finds include ceramic building material and worked stone, with very few metal finds represented. The small group of animal bone includes a high percentage of cattle and sheep/goat with smaller amounts of horse, pig, dog and bird. Environmental samples showed very poor preservation of plant remains on the site.


Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) seed is commonly discarded as waste. This seed contains abundant fat that is a valuable source for vegetable oil production. To utilize this seed as a potential oil source for the human diet, this research investigated some technical variables in solvent extraction affecting the yield and quality of vegetable oil. The present research focused on the effect of particle seed size (48-28 mesh sieve), mixture of ethanol/ethyl acetate (1/1, 2/1, 3/1, 1/2, 1/3), solvent to solid ratio (5/1, 6/1, 7/1, 8/1, 9/1), extraction temperature (40–60 °C) and extraction time (30–90 min). Results showed that rambutan seed should be finely ground to 35 mesh sieve, soaked with ethanol/ethyl acetate (3/1, v/v) for 30 min, solvent/material ratio (7/1, v/w), extraction temperature (50 °C) in 60, 75, 90 min to obtain the high recovery efficiency (95.70±0.01 %) and medium antioxidant potential (total phenolic content: 14.97±0.01 mg GAE/g, total carotenoid content: 109.58±0.02 mg/kg); the low percentage of inhibition to radical DPPH (20.45±0.00 mg/ml), low peroxide value (1.49±0.03 mEq/kg), acid value (1.39±0.02 mg KOH/gm), iodine value (18.27±0.00 gm/100 gm), saponification value (86.15±0.03 mg KOH/gm). Comparing to TCVN 7597: 2013, the extracted rambutan seed oil had oxidative indicators within the acceptable limit. This rambutan seed oil would be a potential ingredient for cosmetic and personal health care industries.


In this article, we discuss the existence of multiple solutions to a one-dimensional stochastic differential delay equation with continuous drift coefficients and derive a related comparison theorem.