It is impossible to try and disentangle Barcelona theatre from the wider debates around Catalan independence that so dominated public discourse in the city during 2014. Spanish MPs voted in April 2014 to reject the request lodged by the Catalan authorities to hold a referendum on 9 November. According to a 2014 issue of The Economist, polls in early May suggested support for independence was 55%. By the end of the summer, following the annual rally commemorating the siege of Barcelona in 1714 that brought 1.5 million Catalans to an 11-kilometer occupation of central Barcelona, the figure was estimated to be closer to 70% calling for a public consultation on independence (Agencias). The red and yellow flags of Catalonia so dominated the march that one commentator was led to remark that it resembled "an independence theme park" (Perez Andujar). In the non-binding vote, held on 9 November, 80.7% of those who turned out to vote in Catalonia (2.3 million out of an estimated 5.4 million eligible voters) supported independence (Politica). While the vote showed clear support for independence, Madrid's ruling Partido Popular or People's Party deemed the result unconstitutional, refusing to engage with a wider discussion of Catalan grievances or wider autonomy.This is not simply an economic issue. The ruling People's Party's political discourse stresses the importance of a united Spain, a shared cultural and political heritage and the importance of a program of austerity that can bind the nation. Only its own corruption scandals-which I will expand on later in this article-seem to suggest that austerity is something that they themselves can conveniently bypass. A system of taxes that differs from that negotiated by the Basque Country during the drawing up of the Statutes of Autonomy in the late 1970s means that the Catalans receive a smaller percentage of the monies that they hand over to central government. In the Basque Country the taxes are collected regionally; only then is a percentage of the total sent on to Madrid. It is estimated that the Catalans, on the other hand, contribute 25% of Spain's total taxes, but regionalized investment from the state in Catalonia between 1982 and 1998 represented a mere 8.5% of the national total. And the situation in the 21st century is no better: While Catalonia contributes approximately 25% to central government taxes, it receives only 11% back in investment from Madrid (Hakim). This has led to a sense of fiscal imbalance-one of the largest in Europe-that has bred increased resentment. As Josep Desquens observes: "For every 100 euros of income created yearly in Catalonia, between 7.5 and ten never return" (Hakim).In January 2014, Artur Mas, the President of the Catalan Parliament, appealed to the 27 leaders of the European Union's member states for support of the 9 November referendum. His promotion of the need for Catalan self-determination to be recognized was part of a concerted policy to position Catalonia within the greater context of Europe rather than Spain. While unemployment remains high in Catalonia, at 19.88% at the end of 2014, it is nevertheless lower than the 23.67% published by the Spanish National Statistics Institute [INE] (Catalan News Agency 2015). The figures at the end of 2013 were 22.26% and 26.03% (Catalan News Agency 2015). One of the additional reasons given for the high percentage of Catalans who are siding with the independence movement lies with the corruption scandals that have engulfed Spain over the past three years. Bankia Spain's fourth largest bank, created by Spain's then Socialist government, has seen its former chairman, Rodrigo Rato, and 32 officials of the bank, called to Spain's High Court to answer questions on fraud and the falsification of accounts. The Spanish government's bailouts of the bank in May and September 2012 have failed to curb the culture of debt, with losses of euro19 billion registered in 2012, six times those of 2011 (de Barron). …


The sorption kinetics of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) (pure or dissolved in water at different concentrations) in amorphous and semicrystalline syndiotactic polystyrene films are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Experiments at low DCE concentrations show that the DCE sorption in empty clathrate samples is much faster and leads to much higher sorption equilibrium values than that in the amorphous or other semicrystalline samples. The results of the sorption experiments into emptied clathrate polymer samples can be interpreted by assuming that DCE, for low concentrations in aqueous solutions, is mainly absorbed by the clathrate phase and that, as guest molecule in the polymeric clathrate, it is substantially only in the trans conformation. In the assumption that the guest DCE molecules in the clathrate are present only in the trans conformation, the kinetics of clathration in the emptied clathrate phase and of sorption in the amorphous phase are separated.


A new method for extracting the area, peripheral and corner capacitance components of bipolar junction transistor, using measurements versus bias on a number of different structures is presented and validated. The same model with different parameters is used for the three components. Validation has been made using a quasi-2D simulator. Finally, it is shown that this method gives accurate results regarding the goodness of fit.


Raman spectra of ammonia (NH3), chlorine (Cl2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), phosgene (COCl2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) toxic gases have been measured in the fingerprint region 400‐1400 cm‐1. A relatively compact (< 2'x2'x2'), sensitive, 532 nm 10 W CW Raman system with double‐pass laser and double‐sided collection was used for these measurements. Two Raman modes are observed at 934 and 967 cm‐1 in NH3. Three Raman modes are observed in Cl2 at 554, 547, and 539 cm‐1, which are due to the 35/35 35/37, and 37/37 Cl isotopes, respectively. Raman modes are observed at 870, 570, and 1151 cm‐1 in H2S, COCl2, and SO2, respectively. Values of 4.63±0.32x10‐31, 1.72±0.12x10‐29, 4.09±0.29x10‐30, 2.05±0.14x10‐29, and 3.87±0.27x10‐29 cm2 were determined for the Raman cross section of the 967 cm‐1 mode of NH3, sum of the 554, 547, and 539 cm‐1 modes of Cl2, 870 cm‐1 mode of H2S, 570 cm‐1 mode of COCl2, and 1151 cm‐1 mode of SO2, respectively, using the Raman cross section of 4.5±0.18x10‐30 cm2 for the 1285 cm‐1 mode of CO2 as the reference.


Two beds containing large numbers of turritellid gastropods (Family Turritellidae) occurring in the densely fossiliferous Upper Pliocene Pinecrest Sand of Florida formed as a result of upwelling and consequent high biological productivity, together with some degree of physically mediated time averaging. Analyses of size-frequency distribution and shell surface condition, combined with isotopic data on chronological age of individual shells, water temperature and upwelling intensity, suggest that both beds formed relatively quickly, probably in less than 100–200 years. The upper bed, occurring within Petuch's (1982) unit 2 (2.5-2.0 Ma) and containing abundant Turritella apicalis Heilprin, appears to have formed largely as a result of upwelling; the lower bed, occurring in upper unit 6/7 (3.5-2.5 Ma) and containing abundant Turritella gladeensis Mansfield, appears to have formed over a longer period, as a result of upwelling, increased time-averaging, and perhaps cooler overall water temperatures. This study highlights the potential to isolate and examine separately some of the biological and physical factors affecting shell bed formation, and especially to address the role of biological productivity in this process. □Pinecrest Beds, Pliocene, upwelling, turritellid gastropods, taphonomy.


Fine particulate matter PM2.5 has become a hot area of research and cutting-edge in domestic air pollution,the pollution situation has also attracted the attention of national and public.This article focuses on the PM2.5 significance and its hazards.Combined with the new national air standard,the pollution situations and causes of PM2.5 in ambient air in Dongguan City are analyzed.The control measures are proposed according to the situation in Dongguan City and Guangdong Province.


The invention relates to a pump housing with a pressure and / or suction nozzle, with which the housing is connectable to a line, said connecting piece is surrounded by a rotatable annular mounting flange, to which the lead can be attached in particular screwed, wherein the nozzle has an internal thread in which a sleeve with its external thread can be screwed, and that the bushing forms a flange to which the annular mounting flange is applied.


We developed new metal-halide lamps for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The metal-halide lamps were made by introducing mercury gas and metal halide such as sodium iodide (Na lamp), lithium iodide (Li lamp), potassium iodide (K lamp), rubidium iodide (Rb lamp), and sodium iodide-lithium iodide mixture (Na-Li lamp), into their discharge tubes. These lamps emitted light at 405, 436, 546, and 577 nm induced by mercury gas. Moreover, the lamps had specific emission peaks at 610 nm for the Na lamp, 612 and 674 nm for the Li lamp, 780 nm for K and Rb lamps, and 612 and 674 nm for the Na-Li lamp. These peaks were attributable to the metal elements in each lamp. By comparison the optimum excited wavelength of the metal halide lamps, with the absorption spectra of photosensitizers usually used for PDT in the medical fields, Na and Na-Li lamps were effective in exciting hematoporphyrin and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), respectively, and Li lamp effectively excited N-aspartyl chlorine e6 and ATX-S10. We also developed two types of optical light sources using the metal-halide lamps ; one was a fiber type and the other directly irradiating type. The wavelength of light emitted from the light sources could be exchanged between about 400 nm for PDD and 600-700 nm for PDT by using filters, We investigated the PDT efficiency in vitro for EL-4 cells of the fiber type of optical light sources adopting the metal-halide lamps developed. As a result, the optical light source with the NaLi lamp was most effective in killing EL-4 cells. In addition, we treated solar keratosis and acne vulgaris using the optical light sources adopting Na-Li lamp, and found that the light sources were effective in treating these diseases.


A rotary joint for establishing communication between a rotating roll (10) and a heat transfer medium such as cooling water for controlling the roll temperature characterized by its rigid connection to the roll support structure (58) eliminating the necessity for the use of flexible supply or discharge conduits (40). permitting "hard" conduits and piping (106) to be used while the joint automatically compensates for roll radial and axial misalignment.


Prinzmethal angina is a rare form of ischaemic heart disease. The main symptom are retrosternal chest pains at rest associated mostly with ischaemic changes on ECG (ST-segment elevations and/or depressions). The complaints are caused by spasm of coronary arteries. The prognosis of patients, which are properly pharmacologically treated is usually good, but sometimes serious cardiac events (myocardial infarctions, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths) can appear in the course of angina. We present the case of patient with Prinzmethal angina, which 2 non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarctions appeared in a period for 3 weeks.


Pathology is a course combining theory with morphology, and the knowledge points in experimental teaching are difficult to understand. Our department combines case-based learning (CBL) with specimen teaching and discusses pathological experimental teaching from the aspects of case selection, case preparation, implementation methods for CBL, and related considerations. A comparative analysis of the experimental and theoretical results of 60 students showed that the introduction of CBL effectively promoted the students' enthusiasm for pathology learning, expanded their knowledge, and enhanced the abilities of self-study, teamwork, and language expression. CBL also consolidated the mastery of theoretical knowledge, increased academic performance, and improved the quality of teaching.

Key words:
Case-based learning; Pathology; Experimental course


As the high speed development area of agricultural economy in Shenyang,Liaoning province,the water resources of Huishan agriculture high-tech development zone has not been used scientifically,which will not be able to satisfy the later economy development.Through the analysis in water resources bearing capacity,the balance of supply and demand,the water resources optimization deposition dynamic analogy modeling research,this article seeks the most superior plan of reasonable use of the development zone.It will guarantee the swift and violent development of national economy,and the positive cycle of the ecological environment,and cause the water resources disposition rationalization,scientific.


The invention relates to a portable fruit picking machine. the portable fruit picking machine comprises a connecting rod, a machine shell, a drive motor arranged in the machine shell, and a beating claw connected with the machine shell, wherein the top end of the connecting rod is connected with the machine shell; an external power supply or a storage power supply supplies power to the drive motor through a cable; the beating claw comprises a plurality of fiber rods, a left guide plate and a right guide plate; the left guide plate and the right guide plate are respectively connected with the fiber rods; a left guide sliding groove and a right guide sliding groove are formed in the two sides of the end part of the machine shell; the left guide plate and the right guide plate are respectively positioned in the left guide sliding groove and the right guide sliding groove; the power output end of the drive motor drives the left guide plate and the right guide plate through a transmission mechanism; the left guide plate and the right guide plate are driven to act reciprocally along the guide sliding directions of the left guide sliding groove and the right guide sliding groove.


Based on the study of the regional geology,the activities of the major faults and regional seismicity in Liaoyang region,this paper mostly investigates some fault zones.And these fault zones badly influence Liaoyang city,and the potential maximum earthquake magnitude of the fault zones would be predicted.This may provide a scientific basis for the regional urban planning and construction of the Liaoyang region.


Sir, In compliance with Dr. Pringle's request I send you the following account of the meteor, which I saw some time ago, viz. on Saturday, Octob. 20th


In this paper, we propose an application system to classify American football (NFL) video shots into 4 categories, namely: pass plays, run plays, field goal/extra point plays (FG/XP) and kickoff/punt plays (K/P). The proposed system consists of two stages. The first stage is responsible for play event localization and the latter stage is responsible for feature mapping and classification. For play event localization we have proposed an algorithm that uses MPEG-7 motion activity descriptor and mean of the magnitudes of motion vectors, in a collaborative manner to detect the starting point of a play event within a video shot with 83% accuracy. The indexing and classification stage uses MPEG-7 motion and audio descriptors along with Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) features to classify the events into 4 categories using Fisher's LDA. We obtain indexing accuracy of 92.5% by using a leave-one-out classification technique on a database of 200 video shots taken from 4 different games obtained from 4 different networks.


Previously undescribed Holmiidae from the Sectigena Zone of Morocco indicate correlation of this zone with other zones bearing Holmiidae on Baltica, Avalonia, Siberia, and Laurentia. The occurrence of the youngest Antatlasiinae in the Sectigena Zone and the oldest Protoleninae in the overlying Hupeolenus Zone suggests correlations of the Sectigena Zone with upper Atdabanian beds bearing the youngest Antatlasiinae and the Hupeolenus Zone with Botomian beds bearing the oldest Protoleninae in Siberia. The occurrence, in the overlying Hupeolenus and Cephalopyge Zones, of Paradoxides s.l. in association with the olenelloid Cambropallas and with trilobites characteristic of the Lower Cambrian "Protolenus" Zone of Avalonia calls into question the major criteria for recognition of strata of Early and Middle Cambrian age. New taxa include lyouella contracta n. gen. and sp. of the Holmiidae and Bondonella sdzuyi n. sp. of the Neltneriidae. The known species of Neltneria, N. jacqueti and N. termieri, are revised.


Hydrogen tunneling in enzymatic C-H activation requires a reactive ground-state enzyme-substrate conformation that can achieve a transient tunneling-ready state (TRS) through dynamical sampling.1,2 It was recently shown that 13C electron-nuclear double-resonance spectroscopy (ENDOR) provides high-precision information on substrate conformation in the H-tunneling enzyme, soybean lipoxygenase (SLO).3 ENDOR here provides an exquisitely sensitive probe of enzyme control of substrate conformation, demonstrating the influence of subtle enzyme modifications either at a hydrophobic sidechain in contact with bound substrate or at a remote residue within a solvated network linked to H-transfer. Figure (A) 13C ENDOR spectra for I553X variants . Inset: overlay of simulations (B) Percentage of a conformer (fa) versus ΔEa; I553X sidechains shown for reference; 553Leu removed from fitting (black line) . The differential enthalpic barrier for deuterium and hydrogen transfer, ΔEa, serves as a selective ruler for effective wavefunction overlap at the TRS, and we report a remarkable correlation between the population of the reactive ground-state conformer as obtained from ENDOR spectroscopy and the magnitude of ΔEa, among seven SLO variants (figure). This correlation shows the critical role of ground-state structural precision in achieving a TRS correspondingly optimized for quantum H-atom tunneling, and shows how very modest changes in a single amino acid alter and compromise tunneling. Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH): GM111097 to BMH; and GM025765 to JPK. ARO was supported by NIH GM11343 (F32) and startup funds from ECU. 1. J. K. Klinman, and A. Kohen, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 2013, 82, 471. 2. J. P. Klinman et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 18409. 3. M. Horitani et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 1984. EPR ORAL SESSION Ajay Sharma, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA Tel: 8474914488, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 31 et al.: 59th RMCMR Final Program and Abstracts Published by Digital Commons @ DU, 2018 30 113 2D-Correlated Hyperfine Spectroscopy on a Tetracycline-binding RNA Aptamer . Thilo Hetzke,1 Alice M. Bowen,2 Marc Vogel,3 Beatrix Suess,3 Thomas F. Prisner1 1 Goethe University, Institute of Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, Frankfurt am Main, Germany 2 Centre of Advanced Electron Spin Resonance (CAESR), Oxford University, Department of Chemistry, Oxford, UK 3 Technical University Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Darmstadt, Germany In recent years, ELDOR-detected NMR (EDNMR)1 has gained popularity as a robust and easy method to measure hyperfine couplings of low-γ nuclei in disordered systems. Although initially used at high frequencies (≥ 95 GHz) to prevent an overlap of the central blindspot with signals of low-γ nuclei, it was recently shown, that EDNMR is also an efficient method at smaller microwave frequencies (Q-band, 34 GHz).2 Weakly coupled 14N resonances, which are separated from the central blindspot by only 2.8 MHz, were readily detected. 2D-hyperfine techniques, such as 2D-EDNMR3 and THYCOS4, allow correlating different nuclear spins (e.g. 13C and 31P) to the same paramagnetic spin centre (e.g. Mn2+). In the present study, we use 2D-EDNMR and THYCOS at Q-band frequencies to investigate the interaction of a Tetracycline-binding RNA aptamer to its ligand (tetracycline), which is known to occur via a paramagnetic Mn2+ ion.5 Clear correlation signals between one out of two 31Pcouplings (RNA) and a 13C-signal (tetracycline) are observed. Whereas 2DEDNMR is superior in terms of sensitivity over THYCOS, a necessary background correction introduces uncertainties in an unambiguous peak assignment of the correlation signals. THYCOS, on the other hand, comes with the advantage of a more straightforward data analysis, as no backgroundcorrection is required. This study highlights the potential of 2D-EDNMR and THYCOS as useful techniques to assign and distinguish different hyperfine couplings of one nuclear species in rather complex and large biomolecules. 1. P. Schosseler, T. Wacker, A. Schweiger, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1994, 224, 319. 2. T. Hetzke, A. M. Bowen, T. F. Prisner, Appl. Magn. Reson., 2017, 48, 1375. 3. I. Kaminker et al., J. Magn. Reson., 2014, 240, 77. 4. A. Potapov, B. Epel, D. Goldfarb, J. Chem. Phys., 2008, 128, 052320. 5.J. E. Weigand and B. Suess, Nucleic Acids Res., 2007, 35, 4179. EPR ORAL SESSION Thilo Hetzke, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 7, Building N140/Ground Floor/Room 19, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, 60438, DE Tel: 004979829402, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 114 EPR Spectroscopy of Spin Probe, Label, and Time-Resolved, Reaction-Intrinsic Radicals Reveals Contributions of Specific Configurational Fluctuations and Solvent Coupling to the Core Chemical Step in Ethanolamine Ammonia-Lyase Catalysis . Benjamen Nforneh, Meghan Kohne, Neslihan Ucuncuoglu, Adonis M. Bovell, Chen Zhu, Kurt Warncke Emory University, Department of Physics, Atlanta, GA 30322 Progress in bioand materials-catalyst design and dynamics-based molecular therapeutic approaches in medicine requires a comprehensive understanding of the contributions of configurations and fluctuations in the system and surroundings. We are addressing fundamental aspects of this challenge by identifying and characterizing the choreography of specific protein configurational fluctuations involved in the core chemical step in the ethanolamine ammonia-lyase enzyme from Salmonella typhimurium, and the role of solvent as a stochastic, bi-directional dynamical modulator, by using multiple electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques that probe the successive "spheres of influence," which are, from bulk solvent to protein interior: (1) nitroxide spin-probe EPR to resolve temperature (T) -dependent dynamics of mesodomain (bulk) and protein-associated domain (PAD, hydration layer) solvent phases,1,2 with T-dependence of the solvent dynamics tuned by using cosolvents, (2) nitroxide spin-label EPR to resolve protein surface dynamics at specific sites,3 and (3) time-resolved, full-spectrum EPR spectroscopy to measure first-order kinetics of the substrate radical rearrangment reaction.4,5 Cryo-T conditions (173-250 K) render protein configurational transitions rate-determining, and transform collective atom displacements into localized, incremental displacements, thus revealing the contributions of native collective protein configurations and fluctuations to reaction chemistry.6 The T-dependences of spin probe and spin label motional parameters are compared to the T-dependence of the rearrangement reaction kinetics under the different solvent conditions, to identify and characterize the molecular mechanisms of solvent-protein-reaction coupling. Supported by NIH R01DK054514. EPR ORAL SESSION Kurt Warncke, Emory University, N201 MSC, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Tel: 4047272975, E-mail: email@example.com Figure: Q-band 1D-EDNMR on the TC-aptamer . 32 Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, Vol. 60 [2018], Art. 1 https://digitalcommons.du.edu/rockychem/vol60/iss1/1 31 115 Vanadyl Complexes: From Qubit Design to Quantum Simulation . Matteo Atzori1, Alessandro Chiesa,2 Elena Morra,3 Mario Chiesa,3 Stefano Carretta,2 Lorenzo Sorace1, Roberta Sessoli1 1 Dip. di Chimica "U. Schiff " and INSTM RU Università di Firenze, 50019 Italy 2 Dip. di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy 3 Dip. di Chimica & NIS Centre, Università di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy Magnetic molecules have redesigned the scenario of nanoscale magnetism representing the ideal platform for the investigation of quantum effects in magnetization dynamics. More recently magnetic molecules have been investigated as potential qubit, as chemical tunability can be exploited to realize multi-qubit molecular units acting as quantum gates. Under this respect magnetic molecules represent an alternative platform to more established systems in Quantum Information Processing (QIP).1 We have recently employed a multi-technique approach based on the combination of ac susceptometry, pulsed EPR techniques and terahertz spectroscopy to investigate T1 and T2 of S=1/2 molecular systems and to establish magneto-structural correlations, thus identifying in the vanadyl unit a promising spin center. The current challenge we are facing is the realization of molecular quantum gates based on two or more interacting qubits with long coherence time and that can be efficiently manipulated by electromagnetic radiation pulses. An alternative possibility to the use of electronic spins as qubits is the use of nuclear spins to encode qubits that are more weakly coupled to the environment, and hence substantially protected from decoherence.2 Here we report on a novel scheme for electron-mediated nuclear QIP.3 The interaction between nuclear qubits is effectively and rapidly switched on and off by exciting the coupled electronic spins via simple microwave (EPR-like) pulses, while single-qubit rotations between effectively decoupled nuclear spins, are obtained by means of radio-frequency (NMR-like) pulses. A prototypical realization of this idea is a molecular architecture composed of two paramagnetic metal ions with magnetic nuclei and sizeable hyperfine couplings. The small interaction between the two electronic spins can be used to effectively couple nuclear qubits and controllably generate entangled two-qubit states. In this approach, long electronic spin coherence times are a key ingredient to ensure the robustness of such a system during the implementation of electron-mediated two-qubit gates. Some neutral vanadyl complexes can be also deposited on metallic surfaces in an oriented manner retaining the unpaired electron in the dxy orbital that weakly interacts with the surface.4 This open the perspective of addressing individual qubits and gates by exploiting the capabilities of Scannin


The present study describes the pathological manifestations of the acanthocephalan, Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) Golvan, 1960 in the small intestine of the hooded crow "Corvus corone cornix" collected from the northern parts of Nile Delta in Egypt. Histological and histochemical alternations of infected ileum were illustrated using heamatoxylin and eosin stain, alcian blue method for mucin and Malaty's modified simultaneous coupling azodye method for acid and alkaline phosphatases. Examinations of 25 birds showed that the infected ileum only harbored the acanthocephalan worm, no other helminthes were observed. The proboscis of the acanthocephalan pierced the mucosal epithelium, its lamina propria and reached the external muscularis causing compression and erosion of the villar epithelium, shortening and abrasion of the intestinal villi and destruction of the glands (crypts) apposing the everted worm proboscis. Noticeable cellular infiltration, hemorrhage and marked destruction, thickening and vacuolation of stromal connective tissue surrounded the acanthocephalan preasoma, as well as in the submucosa were detected. A marked increase in the number of goblet cells in both crypts and villi was observed. The intestinal epithelium exhibited a detectable increase in acid phosphatase activity in both villi and crypts while alkaline phosphatase showed moderate decrease in the villi and detectable decline in the crypts epithelium. [Nahla A. Radwan. Pathology Induced by Sphaerirostris picae (Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchidae) in the Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix (Aves:Corvidae ) from North Delta of Egypt. Life Sci J 2012;9(3):48-56]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7


Europe's reliance on imported protein to feed livestock, particularly soybean, is inconsistent with sustainability objectives. An increasing dependence on soybean can lead to increasing environmental burden such as deforestation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to its transport over long distances, which contributes to climate change. In particular, soybean produced in South America embeds a considerable impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions related to land use change and indirect land use change. At the same time, food waste has already been recognised as an important global issue. On the environmental point of view, food waste has led to an unnecessary exploitation of natural resources (land, water and fossil energy) and to GHG production. Reduction and recycling of food waste is a key driver towards sustainable productive solutions. Among the possibilities to achieve this goal, this study explores the recycling of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) discarded directly from juice and ready-to-eat food processing industries, as growth substrate for producing fresh earthworms then processed into dried meal. The dried meal is assumed adoptable for feed alternative purposes, which is the studied scenarios. The aim of the present study is to assess the environmental impact of the bioconversion of FVW into earthworms dried meal as new feed source adopting the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method with an attributional approach and economic allocation. With LCA, other than the most widely known Climate Change expressed as kg CO2 eq., several indicators of environmental impact are considered, among which particulate matter formation (PM), photochemical ozone formation (POF) and freshwater eutrophication (FE). By means of LCA, the environmental impact of the production of earthworm-dried meal was quantified. The results showed that climate change assessed for 1 kg of earthworm meal is 2.2 kg CO2 eq. The feed substrate for earthworms consists of FVW that, therefore, is highly valorised respect to wasting. From this result, earthworms' meal can represent a future-generation feedstock with improved sustainability in order to reduce the dependence on imported soybean as protein source. Acknowledgements This work was supported by Fondazione CARIPLO Integrated research on industrial biotechnologies 2015 (project 2015-0501).


This study focuses on high segments of the Italian olive oil market in order to assess the role and effectiveness of different quality clues in the creation of value. To meet this goal, the work relies on a hedonic price model where the price of a bottle of oil is regressed on different quality clues. The analysis covers about 1000 olive oils from Italian markets as reviewed by Slow Food guide, 2013 edition. Results indicate that the highest segments of the Italian olive oil market is increasingly sophisticated and follows the main tendencies established in the quality wine markets where many quality attributes are intensely active.


In academia, publications, often referred to as "academic currency", are important for professional growth and academic promotion. Medical journals serve as the platform for medical publications, with an increase in specialized journals mirroring the shift toward oncology sub-specialization to capture the nuances of subspecialized care in today's era of rapid scientific advances. This increase in oncological journals and subsequent higher number of publications is a doubleedged sword, posing certain drawbacks. This "Publication Inflation" can be defined as an increased number of publications that carry less value to the readers, researchers and to the oncology community. While inflation is a debatable economic term that may be good or bad, it is our opinion that this inflation in publications will likely result in negative consequences. The inflation in medical publications generally, and oncology publications specifically, results in a vicious cycle of "publish or perish" that will continue to worsen if not addressed promptly. While some acknowledge the merit of a "highquality" publication that can further the scientific growth in a certain field, many resort to and promote the culture of "more is better", as reflected by the academic standards of hiring and promotion. The high number of publications and journals will result in a lower number and quality of reads. As an example, even for a relatively rare cancer such as multiple myeloma, there were more than 3000 PubMed indexed publications in 2020. This translates into an average of almost 8-9 publications daily. While some may argue that not all those publications reflect original investigation and/or important clinical observations, there are certainly too many papers that are published and not adequately read by the oncology community. If we think of oncology from a broader perspective, it will be even harder to keep up with the flooding wave of publications that are out on a daily basis. Furthermore, how can the community general oncologist filter through this flood of publications in the multiple disciplines of oncology care that he/she provides? Publishing is a taxing process. There are increased numbers of open access journals that charge fees to allow for online publication. This will add a financial expense to a long process that includes patient enrollment, follow up, data collection, analysis, and/or writing. While open access journals may seem an option that clinicians/researchers can either choose or not, with the high number of yearly publications and submissions, open access journals may be the only option for some. The "prominent" subspecialty researchers, often referred to as the "big names in the field", publish a lot of articles. This can shape the metrics of academic success toward quantity, in the minds of trainees and junior faculty, resulting in increased numbers of submissions and subsequent publications. With the higher need of a "space" to publish and the increased number of journal reviewers,


In order to make nanostructures visible, radiation with a wavelength in the nanometer range is needed. Electron waves and related microscopic techniques are powerful and well-established approaches for the analysis of nanostructures. However, due to the short penetration depth of electrons, in most of the cases the macroscopic samples under investigation have to be destroyed (cut and thinned). In contrast to electrons hard x rays have a large penetration depth and even macroscopically thick samples can be investigated. However, the currently limiting factor for the application of x rays for microscopy or tomography is the lower resolution compared to electron microscopy. The main reason is the lack of suitable and powerful focusing or imaging optics for hard x rays. Various types of x-ray focussing optics have been developed in the past: mirrors, refractive lenses, waveguides, and zone plates. Since a few years, a new type of optic called multilayer laue lenses (MLL) is extensively studied [1, 2, 3]. The focusing principle of MLLs is the same as for zone plates and is based on x-ray diffraction. Completely different is the fabrication: MLLs are made by thin film coating processes whereas lithographic techniques are used for the production of zone plates. The potential gain of MLLs compared to zone plates is the possibility to get higher resolutions since the size of the smallest MLL zones (layers) can be decreased down to 1 nm compared to approximately 20 nm realized for zone plates. At the same time, the thickness of the MLL can be several micrometers. Since single MLLs are one-dimensionally focusing optics two of them have to be arranged perpendicular to each other in order to get a point focus (Fig. 1).


There is great interest in dentistry to find a replacement for the dental drill which is a great source fear in dental patients. Lasers have been considered a potential replacement. Hard tissue use of lasers on dental tissues has been slow in development has had very limited acceptance by the dental community. The ultimate goal is to develop a laser which can remove both healthy and diseased dental hard tissues and dental materials. The CO2 laser surgical applications on sot tissues has been reported by many authors. It is hard tissue applications have had very few published reports. The thermal effects of this laser on hard tissues precluded its use on hard tissues. A new CO2 laser has been developed to reduce the thermal effects on dentin and enamel. Powers of 3-5 watts were used to ablate the buccal surface of extracted human molar teeth. These teeth were gold coated and evaluated under scanning electron microscopy. The results show some melting of the dentin and enamel, however patent dentinal tubules are evident and there appears to be a non-thermal cutting of the enamel at the boarder of the cut surface. In conclusion these very preliminary results appear to show that this new CO2 laser can cut dentin and enamel efficiently and with very little thermal effect as seen under SEM.


PURPOSE: A method for controlling on die termination and a control circuit for the same are provided to adaptively perform the various termination operations optimally selected in response to the reception environment. CONSTITUTION: A method for controlling on die termination includes the steps of: preparing an integrated circuit chip and applying the external input signals to the control signal generator(200) so as to perform the termination operation based on the mode selected in response to the multiplexing control signal by the pad termination circuit(410). The integrated circuit includes the pad termination circuit(410) connected to the pad of the integrated circuit chip, a control signal generator(200) for generating the inner control code in response to the external input signals and a multiplexer(310) for activating the mode selected among a plurality of termination operation modes in response to the inner control code.


There has been an increasing need to use optical fibers in harsh environments where exposure to high stresses, moisture, and hydrogen can affect long term reliability. Carbon coatings have been shown to be extremely effective in improving the resistance of optical fibers to both static fatigue and hydrogen-induced losses.1,2 However, the challenges of establishing a high volume hermetic fiber manufacturing operation lie in designing a process which is capable of deposition at high draw speeds, is controllable over long fiber lengths, and is economical in that yields are not adversely affected. In addition, the production process must be amenable to quality assurance procedures which insure a hermetic product. In the past 18 months, each of these issues has been addressed in the course of manufacturing over 7500 km of carbon coated hermetic fiber at the AT&T Atlanta Works.


From the earliest time, the United States and her predecessor colonies stood close to or at the very forefront of the world in the educational attainment of the mass of the populace. The first available literacy statistics of 1840 testify to that past impressive accomplishment: overall, more than 90 per cent of white adults achieved this degree of minimum competence, and even in the laggard South the record was not significantly poorer. At that date only Scotland and Germany are comparable, with England and France much farther behind. What therefore seems to be the case is that popular education successfully preceded an extensive system of publicly supported and controlled schools.


As a consequence of the processes of globalisation and massification, there is u trend in progress for the limits that set Argentine rock-and-roll apart frorn other musical manifestations to fade out. However, it was and still is decidedly emblematic and stigmatising. It has always tried to model and to put forward an identity: has always built limits. A possible way to inquire about this apparent paradox is to try to apprehend, not the precise boundary between rock and non rock musics, musicians, audiencies, and rock.ing altitudes, but the interplay that resides in going beyond the boundary to acquire two central qualities peculiar to all rock rnus icians: transgression and innovation, something that requires staying out a short enough time so as not to lose one's soc iocultural identity. In an attempt to take sorne steps in this direction, we will talk about a feature of rock'n roll in Argentina, and surely in rnost countries where rock has developed. This distinctive quality consists in deconstructing through its defiant ideology, the musical, visual and political limits imposed by its own history, allowing access to the alien and the different. In turn, these incorporations generate dissidences necessary for the reproduction of the sociocultural formation, since disagreement constitutes a vital aspect of its existence.


By augmenting conventional leaching technologies for the removal of ash constituents from lignocellulosic waste residues, a cleaner and energy efficient solution can be provided for critical indust...


The impact of particle-vibration coupling and polarization effects due to deformation and time-odd mean fields on single-particle spectra is studied systematically in doubly magic nuclei from low-mass {sup 56}Ni up to superheavy ones. Particle-vibration coupling is treated fully self-consistently within the framework of the relativistic particle-vibration coupling model. Polarization effects due to deformation and time-odd mean field induced by odd particle are computed within covariant density functional theory. It has been found that among these contributions the coupling to vibrations makes a major impact on the single-particle structure. The impact of particle-vibration coupling and polarization effects on calculated single-particle spectra, the size of the shell gaps, the spin-orbit splittings and the energy splittings in pseudospin doublets is discussed in detail; these physical observables are compared with experiment. Particle-vibration coupling has to be taken into account when model calculations are compared with experiment since this coupling is responsible for observed fragmentation of experimental levels; experimental spectroscopic factors are reasonably well described in model calculations.


Versatile computational tools with up to date capabilities are needed to assess current nuclear fuel cycles or the transition from the current status of the fuel cycle to the more advanced and sustainable ones. This work is intended to cross check the new capabilities of the fuel cycle scenario code TR_EVOL. This process has been divided in two stages. The first stage is dedicated to check the improvements in the nuclear fuel mass balance estimation using the available data for the Spanish nuclear fuel cycle. The second stage has been focused in verifying the validity of the TR_EVOL economic module, comparing results to data published by the ARCAS EU project. A specific analysis was required to evaluate the back-end cost. Data published by the waste management responsible institutions was used for the validation of the methodology. Results were highly satisfactory for both stages. In particular, the economic assessment provides a difference smaller than 3% regarding results published by the ARCAS project (NRG estimations). Furthermore, concerning the back-end cost, results are highly acceptable (7% difference for a final disposal in a once-through scenario and around 11% for a final disposal in a reprocessing strategy) given the significant uncertainties involved in design concepts and related unit costs.


A descriptive study was conducted in 40 patien ts with disorders of the stomagtonathic system who visited the Physical Medicine Department of the Intermedia...


The aim for establishing heuristic,problem based interactive learning(LAW model)is to change passive and inactive study to active and efficient study,fostering qualified,capable students in seven-year bilingual program of medical students.LAW model not only provides the aim and way of study but also the way to check oneself in learning.LAW model is characterized by working out one's academic potential;heuristic problem-based interactive learning;development of logical,critical and creative thinking;integration of major points and corresponding subjects;proper arrangement of perception,thinking,information and practice.


A slide module of a portable terminal is provided to have an elastic module and to minimize the interference of a slide member and the elastic module, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. A second slide member is connected slidingly with a first slide member. An elastic force offering unit is installed at the first and second slide members and offers elastic force when the first slide member is moved slidingly toward the open and close directions. The elastic force offering unit includes the first link rod member(42) hinged to the first and second slide members and having plural link rods. The second link rod member(48) is arranged symmetrically to the first link rod member and has plural link rods. An elastic member is connected between the first and second link rod members. The elastic member includes the first elastic member(54) connected between the first link rod(44) and the third link rod(50). The second elastic member(56) is connected between the second link rod(46) and the fourth link rod(52).


In this paper we describe a practical application of the Feedback Guided Dynamic Loop Scheduling (FGDLS) algorithm. FGDLS is a recent scheduling method that was proposed in Bull [1] to deal with a sequence of similar or identical parallel loops. The presumption is that the parallel loops are very similar with the same number of iterations and with iterations that do not vary much from one step to another. The FGDLS algorithm uses feedback information from the previous parallel iteration e.g. measured execution times to schedule the current parallel loop. So far all the applications of FGDLS have considered only identical iterations within the parallel loops. In this article we will propose a practical application to simulate the flocking birds (boids) trajectory. For this application the iterations are not the same varying slightly from one parallel loop to another.


Nail psoriasis is a distressing clinical condition as it is known that psoriasis on visible areas of the skin, such as the face, hands and nails, may have a substantial negative impact on physical, psychological, and social dimensions of quality of life. The additional negative consequences of nail involvement in psoriasis are pain, inability to grasp small objects, tie shoe laces or button clothes, and cause an altered sense of fine touch.

 To evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety and side effects of co2 laser combined with topical methotrexate in one side and topical (calcipotriol +betamethasone) in the other side of the patient for the treatment of nail psoriasis.

 This comparative pilot study included 20 patients with nail psoriasis. They were recruited from the dermatology out-patient clinic of Ain–Shams University Hospitals, during the period from March 2019 till October 2019. The study was approved by Research Ethical Committee of Ain Shams University (FMASU M S 71/2019) and fulfilled all the ethical aspects required for a human research.

 Our study revealed that both medications showed marked statistical and clinical improvement of the nail condition in a period of 2 months when applied topically after nail exposure to fractional co2 laser which facilitated the delivery of both medications through the nail plates to the site of the psoriasis inflammation in therapeutic concentrations by creating pores through the nails. There was no statistical or clinical difference between both medications regarding the improvement of the NAPSI scores or the level of patient satisfaction. However, there were some nail symptoms that didn't show any improvement as (sub-ungual hyperkeratosis and nail ridging).

 Our treatment protocol's side effects based mainly on the action of fractional co2 laser which caused pain and nail bleeding during sessions for some of the patients in each group, while topical methotrexate caused nail yellowish discoloration for the all involved group. However, these side effects lasted for very short time and didn't have any impact on the level of the patient satisfaction. There was no statistical difference in the level of the patient satisfaction between both groups.


Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate chromosomal abnormalities among mentally retarded children attending special classes at Antalya Guide and Research Center (MEBARAM). Methods: One hundred and fifty-one children having different IQ and ages attending special classes of MEBARAM were screened for chromosomal abnormalities using cytogenetic techniques. Results: The significant chromosomal abnormalities have been found as both major (3.97%) and heteromorphic (11.25%). The major chromosomal abnormalities were 46,Y, fra(X) (q27.3), 46,X, fra(X) (q27.3) with fra (3) (p14) and fra(16) (q23), 46,Y, fra(X) (p22), 46,XY, fra(8) (q22), and two cases 47.XX+21. Seventeen out of 151 children had different types of heterochromatic chromosomal abnormalities (1qh+, 10qh+, 15ph+, 16qh+, 21ph+, 22pss, Yqh+, Yqh-) and two had pericentric inversion of chromosome 9. Conclusion: We suggest that children with learning difficulties should be screened for chromosomal abnormalities. Families with incidences of a child having fra (x) (q 27.3) and trisomy 21 chromosomal abnormalities should be quided towards prenatal diagnosis with genetic counseling.


Engineering applications find its use of structural materials like copper, titanium, aluminium and composites with extensive properties such as high resistance to corrosion, light in weight, etc. Binding of dissimilar metals as composite structure is of major attraction towards aerospace and automotive applications, because of its wide technological benefits. In recent days lot of changes have been developed in manufacturing of structures. Friction stir welding with weaving methods, abrasive jet machining with changes in nozzle design and severe plastic deformation of welded joints have been done to join various dissimilar materials and machining of composites.


Alternaria solani (Sor.) and Bemisia t abaci (Genn.) are the most important foliar pathogens of tomato and eggplant crops in E gypt. Two pesticides, metalaxyl ( Ridomil plus 50% WP) at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 75 ppm and c hloropyrifos-methyl (Reldan 50% EC) at concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 125 ppm alone or in mixture were tested against A. solani in vitro and greenhouse tests. In vitro spore germination of A. solani was m ore sensitive to the mixture of m etalaxyl an d chlorpyrifos-methyl followed by metalaxyl and c hlorpyrifos-methyl, respectively, while the mycelial growth was reduced by chlorpyrifos-methyl followed by the t wo pesticide m ixture and metalaxyl, respectively. The m etalaxyl and chlorpyrifos-methyl mixture was e ffective in reducing the mycelial dry w eight an d total m ycelial protein content comparing with each pesticide, separately. In greenhouse experiment, two foliar applications of metalaxyl and/or chlorpyrifos-methyl, at the tested concentrations reduced the early blight disease severity on t omato (by 4.63 to 93.98%) and eggplant (by 0.45 to 98.12%) com paring wi th t he co ntrol plants. The chlorpyrifos-methyl (125ppm) a nd metalayl + chlorpyrifos-methyl (75 + 125ppm, r espeetively) treatments were reduced the population of immature stages of B. tabaci by 65.7 and 84.0% on tomato and eggplant respectively. In field a pplications, the tested pesticides were reduced the early blight disease severity on tomato by 38.45 to 94.99% and eggplant by 16.69 and 86.70% after foliar sprays. The chlorpyrifos-methyl and metalaxyl + chlorpyrifos-methyl mixture were more effective against B. tabaci, w hile the metalaxyl was ine ffective. T he population of i mmature stages o f B. t abaci were reduced by 48.00 t o 64. 00% on tomato and by 3 2.00 to 81.00% on eggplant.


Lithium-ion batteries are nowadays offered in a large number of different cell designs and material combinations. This results in a wide range of performance parameters. However, in almost all cases batteries are used together with power electronic converters and a central question is the interaction between the converters and the batteries. This can for example be the influence of ripple currents or the implementation of impedance diagnostics. In the end, this is also the question of the need for smoothing elements of the power electronics on the battery side. This presentation will give an overview of the influence of ripple currents on battery cells and their application for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For this purpose, the structure of the battery cell is used to show theoretically, which influences arise and results of experimental investigations are presented.


Abstract Scottish-born William Wallace (1768–1843) was an early exponent of the differential calculus in Britain and translator of French mathematical works. Encyclopaedias published during the early 19th century provided a valuable educational resource, to which Wallace and his colleague, James Ivory, contributed. Wallace's encyclopaedia articles on "Fluxions" and his other analytical writings are examined here, as are his relations with James Ivory, John Herschel, and others. Wallace's long 1815 article on "Fluxions" in the Edinburgh Encyclopaedia was the first complete account of calculus, using differential notation, to be published in English. There, he attempted an original and rigorous "doctrine of limits," which deserved more attention than it received. In 1832, while professor of mathematics in Edinburgh, he applied analysis to support the reform of taxation proposed in the Reform Bill. It is suggested that the later neglect of Wallace's achievements is attributable to a mix of personal, institutional, political, and national rivalries. Copyright 1999 Academic Press. William Wallace ne en Ecosse (1768–1843) fut un interprete precoce du calcul differentiel en Grande Bretagne et traduisit des ouvrages mathematiques de langue francaise. Les encyclopedies publiees au debut du XIXe siecle fournirent une precieuse ressource pedagogique a laquelle contribuerent Wallace et son collegue James Ivory. Les articles encyclopediques de Wallace sur les "Fluxions" et d'autres ecrits analytiques font l'objet du present article; et aussi ses relations avec James Ivory, John Herschel et d'autres mathematiciens. Le long article de Wallace sur les "Fluxions" paru dans l' Edinburgh Encyclopaedia de 1815 fut le premier expose complet du calcul, utilisant la notation differentielle, a etre publie en anglais. Dans cet article, il mit en oeuvre une "doctrine des limites" originale et rigoureuse, qui meritait plus d'attention qu'elle ne recut. En 1832, alors qu'il etait professeur de mathematiques a Edimbourg, il utilisa l'analyse pour soutenir la reforme fiscale proposee dans le Projet de loi de Reforme. Cet article suggere que l'oubli posterieur de l'oeuvre accomplie par Wallace doit etre attribue a un melange de rivalites personnelles, institutionnelles, politiques et nationales.


This review introduces the current progress about the microbial degradation of chloroacetanilide herbicide alachlor.Alachlor is a widely used pre-emergence herbicide,and known as a dangerous,recalcitrant and ubiquitous organic contaminant.Biodegradation is a main process to the overall fate of alachlor in the polluted soil under aerobic conditions.Partial soil microorganisms are found to be capable of metabolizing alachlor when it is the primary carbon source and energy,but cometabolism is a main pathway to dissipitate the parent compound in soil.This review introduces main alachlor degradation microorganisms and their main metabolites,but still can′t present a complete metabolic pathway for alachlor.The paper suggests that the further work is need to screen efficient biodegradation microorganisms(communities),to elucidate the catabolic pathway for alachlor,to apply the emerging technologies of metagenomics to mine new degradation genes,and thereafter to explore the functions of engineering microorganisms(communities) in in-situ biomediation.


Over time, the notion of public has evolved. While the concept of public was initially conceived of as a single undifferentiated entity, the common understanding is now that a variety of differentiated, multifaceted and multiple public(s) can be constructed for different purposes. This is equally true in xenotransplantation; the literature shows how different kind of publics can be introduced as relevant. The paper explores the notion of public and the contemporary participatory procedures as participatory rights for citizens in decisions concerning technoscience and society. Its perspective, thus, is normative; namely, it aims at understanding how the political role of citizens is changing in democratic societies where matters of innovation are concerned. It is focused on xenotransplantation whose connections with public discourse and practices are quite paradigmatic among new emerging biomedical technologies, due to its peculiar risks.


The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for governments and healthcare systems worldwide, highlighting the critical importance of understanding the factors that contribute to virus transmission. This study aimed to identify the most influential age groups in COVID-19 infection rates at the US county level using the Modified Morris Method and deep learning for time series. Our approach involved training the state-of-the-art time-series model Temporal Fusion Transformer on different age groups as a static feature and the population vaccination status as the dynamic feature. We analyzed the impact of those age groups on COVID-19 infection rates by perturbing individual input features and ranked them based on their Morris sensitivity scores, which quantify their contribution to COVID-19 transmission rates. The findings are verified using ground truth data from the CDC and US Census, which provide the true infection rates for each age group. The results suggest that young adults were the most influential age group in COVID-19 transmission at the county level between March 1, 2020, and November 27, 2021. Using these results can inform public health policies and interventions, such as targeted vaccination strategies, to better control the spread of the virus. Our approach demonstrates the utility of feature sensitivity analysis in identifying critical factors contributing to COVID-19 transmission and can be applied in other public health domains.


Abstract In 1989 blooms of the river benthic diatom Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) first appeared and rapidly spread among rivers on central Vancouver Island, covering the bottoms with thick, woolly-looking mats. Although didymo is native to North America, extensive field surveys of rivers on Vancouver Island and other data indicate that didymo blooms are new. No known environmental changes were associated with the onset of didymo blooms. However the pattern of didymo spread among rivers on Vancouver Island correlates with the activity of fishermen and the commercial introduction and widespread use of felt-soled waders in the late 1980s. Since 1994 nuisance blooms of didymo have appeared in numerous other places in the Northern Hemisphere and South Island, New Zealand, all areas frequented by fishermen. Actions by government agencies to educate the public and restrict the use of felt-soled waders have been undertaken in some jurisdictions and at least one commercial manufacturer of waders will discontinu...


Two-part chrome cobalt prosthesis designed to replace damaged temporomandibular joint (TMJ), experimental and clinical application of the prosthesis was done. The experimental studies were carried on Macaca Iris Monkeys by reconstruction of damaged TMJ, the lower part of the prosthesis was inserted and fixed in trough sagittal made by acrylic bone cement. After one-year animals were sacrificed and specimen was fixed and studied. Macroscopically, Microscopic, Radiologically and ground sections were done for studying the cellular changes about the implant and microradiography was done to demonstrate the location of the prosthesis in relation to glenoid fossa and ascending ramus of the mandible. This study proved the prosthesis was well tolerated by the tissue and biologically inert. The prosthesis was applied on adult patients with ankylosed TMJ, where the growth of the face completed for restoration of function of the TMJ and to restore normal height and symmetry of the face.


The proton affinity, dipole moment, and first vertical ionization potential of a number of ortho‐mono‐substituted pyridines are computed at the restricted Hartree‐Fock level, using a number of different basis sets. Some approximations concerning the geometry, the force constants, and the basis set superposition error are introduced. The effect of both the basis set and the approximations is investigated systematically. Two nonstandard basis sets, 4‐31G(*) and 4‐31+G(*), in which polarization functions are only applied to heteroatoms, are defined. A qualitative explanation for the effects of electron correlation on the proton affinity is given and underbuilt with the results of some MP2 calculations. While accuracy is maintained, computational cost is reduced very substantially.


In order to satisfy the performance requirements of the pyrotechnic ignition composition of a space mission under an extreme thermal environment, it is necessary to analyze and verify the thermal stability of magnesium/tellurium dioxide (Mg/TeO2) ignition composition at a temperature of 180 °C. The thermal stability of the ignition composition of Mg/TeO2 and its components after exposure to 180 °C for 2–10 days was studied by means of apparent morphology analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), content change analysis, and the P-t curve test. The results showed that after exposure to 180 °C for 2–10 days, no obvious changes, such as ruptures, expansion, or shrinkage, were found by optical microscope, and no changes in morphology and surface details were found by scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD showed that no other new substance was found in the mixture except magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)2). DSC showed that the main reaction peak temperature of the ignition composition of Mg/TeO2 was after 500 °C and that no endothermic/exothermic reaction occurred before 380 °C. The exothermic pre-reaction took place at 381 °C to 470 °C, the weight loss ratio was within 0.71%, the content of the magnesium component varied from 0.49% to 0.90%, the peak pressure attenuation of the ignition composition of 360-mesh Mg/TeO2 was 8.07%, and the pressure rise time was basically unchanged. The results showed that the ignition composition of Mg/TeO2 had good thermal stability after exposure to 180 °C temperatures.


Based on the 2.5 million J/Ψ's collected by the BES at BEPC, through the hadronic decay J/Ψ→ωf_2(1270), f_2(1270)→π~+π~-, ω→π~+π~-π~0, the properties of the resonance f_2(1270) are studied; its mass, width, and branching ratio. the angular distribution is fitted with maximum likelihood method, determining its. J~(pc)=2~(++) and giving in the first time the helicity amplitude ratios of this process as: x=0.99±0.29, y=-0.24±0.17. z_1=0.90±0.57, z_2= 0.56±0.22.


A new-type high performance cold-patch mixture was made from new-type cold-patch asphalt emulsion, which is able to promote the adhesive effect of asphalt and aggregate. This new mixture boasts advantages such as good workability and being free from bad weather like rain and low temperature. During the production, the evaluation method of cold-patch asphalt material was improved by the adoption of rotary viscosity test and paper trail test. Field tests were carried out on some sections of Linchang Expressway. When compared to existing repair materials, the new-type cold-patch mixture showed better repair effect as well as the potential for a wide range of promotion.


The eShel, an off-the-shelf, fiber-fed echelle spectrograph ( R ≈ 10,000 ), was installed on the 1 m telescope at the Wise observatory in Israel. We report the installation of the multi-order spectrograph, and describe our pipeline to extract stellar radial velocity from the obtained spectra. We also introduce a new algorithm—UNICOR, to remove radial-velocity systematics that can appear in some of the observed orders. We show that the system performance is close to the photon-noise limit for exposures with more than 107 counts, with a precision that can get better than 200 m s−1 for F–K stars, for which the eShel spectral response is optimal. This makes the eShel at Wise a useful tool for studying spectroscopic binaries brighter than mV = 11. We demonstrate this capability with orbital solutions of two binaries from projects being performed at Wise.


The present invention concerns an electrically insulating gastight feedthrough for at least two electrical conductors through a metal casing in an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine, in particular an electrically heated converter. In the region of the feedthrough the casing comprises a sleeve through which the conductors pass. In order to prevent electromagnetic pulses, the conductors are coaxial with each other.


Acknowledgments Introduction by Michael Brenner and Derek J. Penslar 1. German Jews between Fulfillment and Disillusion: The Individual and the Community Shulamit Volkov 2. Gemeinschaft within Gemeinde: Religious Ferment in Weimar Liberal Judaism Michael A. Meyer 3. Visions of Gemeindeorthodoxie in Weimar Germany: The Approaches of Nehemiah Anton Nobel and Isak Unna David Ellenson 4. Turning Inward: Jewish Youth in Weimar Germany Michael Brenner 5. Between Deutschtum and Judentum: Ideological Controversies Inside the Centralverein deutscher Staatsburger judischen Glaubens (CV), 1919-1933 Avraham Barkai 6. oVerjudung des JudentumsO: Was there a Zionist Subculture in Western Germany during the Weimar Period? Jacob Borut 7. Written out of History: Bundists in Vienna and the Varieties of Jewish Experience in the Austrian First Republic Jack Jacobs 8. Jewish Ethnicity in a New Nation-State: The Crisis of Identity in the Austrian Republic Marsha L. Rozenblit 9. Gender, Identity, and Community: Jewish University Women in Germany and Austria Harriet Pass Freidenreich 10. The Crisis of the Jewish Family in Weimar Germany: Social Conditions and Cultural Representations Sharon Gillerman 11. oYouth in NeedO: Correctional Education (Fursorgeerziehung) and Family Breakdown in German-Jewish Families Claudia Prestel 12. Decline and Survival of Rurual Jewish Communities Steven M. Lowenstein Contributors Index


Machine learning is a highly promising tool to design the physical layer of wireless communication systems, but it usually requires that a channel model is known. As data rates increase and wireless transceivers become more complex, the wireless channel, hardware imperfections, and their interactions become more difficult to model and compensate explicitly. New machine learning schemes for the physical layer do not require an explicit model but implicitly learn the end-to-end link including channel characteristics and non-linearities of the system directly from the training data. In this paper, we present a novel neural network architecture that provides an explicit stochastic channel model, by learning the parameters of a Gaussian mixture distribution from real channel samples. We use this channel model in conjunction with an autoencoder for physical layer design to learn a suitable modulation scheme. Since our system learns an explicit model for the channel, we can use transfer learning to adapt more quickly to changes in the environment. We apply our model to millimeter wave communications with its challenges of phased arrays with a large number of antennas, high carrier frequencies, wide bandwidth and complex channel characteristics. We experimentally validate the system using a 60 GHz FPGA-based testbed and show that it is able to reproduce the channel characteristics with good accuracy.


Both prepregnancy obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been linked to adverse neonatal birth weight. However, the mediating role of GDM between prepregnancy obesity and neonatal birth weight is unclear.


New characteristics like virtualization,multi-nations and concealment of the tax revenue of e-commerce have brought forth new problems to the present tax revenue.It is difficult to judge taxpayer's subject,to confirm tax revenue basis,to realize tax revenue of digital products and to define the tax revenue jurisdiction in the international e-commerce.For these problems,measures should be taken in China to deepen the reform of taxation management and realize the electronization of tax revenue;to combine the actual conditions in China and implement different tax policies stage by stage;to accelerate the construction of network system and personnel training;to strengthen international cooperation and exchange and build the international new system of tax revenue together.


ABSTRACT A liquid-liquid extraction of chromium(III) ion was achieved by a cooperative action of light (photoreduction) and conventional extractants on chromium(VI) species. The extraction of chromium spcies was studied by both molecular and atomic absorption spectrophotometry measurements. Trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was the most effective among the extractants studied (TOPO, dibutylsulfoxide, tributyl phosphate, 2-ethyhexyl hydrogen 2-ethylhexylphosphonate, di (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-phosphinic acid). A back-extraction of chromium(III) species to aqueous solution was also promoted by photo-irradiation. The nature of the extraction system was studied under various operational conditions such as wavelength of illuminating light, coordinating ah ionic species in aqueous solution, and coexisting metal ions. A liquid- liquid (back-) extraction of some


IN the years 1908-1910 Harvard University was engaged in exploring and excavating the site of the city of Samaria. Among the most interesting, if not the most interesting, of the objects discovered were seventy-five ostraka, that is to say, potsherds on which, after fracture, inscriptions were written in ink with a reed pen. Of these inscriptions Professor Lyon of Harvard University gave some account in an article entitled Hebrew


Systems-of-Information Systems (SoIS) are a class of systems-of-systems (SoS) in which constituents are information systems and exhibit a strong business-oriented nature. Existing notations and approaches for specifying missions in SoIS have not been able to cope with particular characteristics of this class of systems, including the sequence and interdependence among activities, roles definition, and the dynamics of constituents to freely join or leave a SoIS. In this context, we claim that Business Processes Modeling (BPM) techniques and models could complement such approaches, offering support for requirements specification and an additional viewpoint for architectural specification of SoIS. This position paper outlines a discussion on the potential of BPM to complement mission specification modeling notations and presents some research directions and challenges for modeling missions in SoIS.


References Arnold, Peri E. 1998. Making the Managerial Presidency: Comprehensive Reorganization Planning, 1905-1996. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. Benedict, Stewart H., ed. 1967. Famous American Speeches. New York: Dell. Bensel, Richard Franklin. 1990. Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859-1877. New York: Cambridge University Press. Caldwell, L. K. 1943. Thomas Jefferson and Public Administration. Public Administration Review 3 (3): 240-53. Cohen, Eliot A. 2002. Supreme Command: Soldiers, Statesmen, and Leadership in Wartime. New York: Free Press. DiLorenzo, Thomas J. 1998. The Great Centralizer: Abraham Lincoln and the War between the States. Independent Review 3(2): 243-71. Nixon, Franklin G., and Len J. Trevino. 2002. Politicians as Utility Maximizing Agents: Public Choice and the British National Election of 1945. International


Being able to accurately predict the time to event of interest, commonly known as survival analysis, is extremely beneficial in many real-world applications. Traditional commonly used statistical survival analysis methods, e.g., Cox proportional hazards model and parametric censored regressions, are based on strong and sometimes impractical assumptions and can only handle linearity relationship between features and target. Recently, deep learning based formulations have been proposed for survival analysis to handle non-linearity. However, these existing deep learning methods either inherit strong assumptions from their corresponding base models or tailor discrete-time survival analysis. To overcome the limitations within these existing models in the literature, we propose an objective function to guide the training of a deep learning model for continuous-time survival analysis. The objective function combines both ranking based and point-wise regression based losses. The ranking based loss measures the goodness of the orders of the predicted survival time for all instances. The point-wise based loss measures the difference between the predicted survival time and the true survival time for the right censored time-to-event data. More specifically, we derive two versions of the ranking based loss from the smoothed concordance index, and two versions of point-wise based loss based on the normalized mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Thus, the proposed formulation is capable of dealing with the continuous-time survival analysis from both global and local perspectives. We conduct experimental analysis over several large-scale real-world time-to-event datasets, and the results demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art survival analysis methods. The codes and data used in the experiments are available in the link 1.1https://github.com/yanlirock/local_global_survival


In FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, the Court upheld FCC rules restricting the broadcast of indecent material to hours when children would less likely be in the audience. Even though indecency qualifies as fully protected speech in other mediums, the Court held that such speech in the broadcast medium receives a lower level of constitutional protection.


A portable laser radar system was installed at Manora Peak, Nainital (29° 22' N, 79°27' E, 1960 m MSL) under a scientific collaborative programme between National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki and Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital. The laser radar system provides the extinction of vertical distribution of airborne particles in the atmosphere. In this paper, we show the laser radar observations obtained on two consecutive days. A drastic reduction in the height distribution of airborne particles due to heavy rain scavenging processes in the atmosphere was seen in the laser radar observations obtained on 17 May 2006. The airborne particle optical depth (AOD) obtained on 16 May 2006 was about 0.21 at λ=0.532 μm, which is typical for the month of May at this high altitude site. However, on 17 May 2006 this value reduced to 0.08 due to the rain washout effect in the height range of 0.2 to 3.0 km AGL. Keyword-laser radar, remote sensing, airborne particles, extinction, washout


A comparative study of the characteristics of moderate-current (∼10kA), low-energy (⩽20J) vacuum discharge triggered by multipicosecond and nanosecond duration laser pulses is performed. Temporal profiles of the x-ray emission, discharge current, and anode voltage measured in vacuum discharge created between a planar titanium cathode and a conical point-tip anode are observed to be quite different for the two regimes of the laser pulse duration. While cathode plasma jet pinching is clearly observed in the discharge created by low-energy (∼5mJ), 27 ps full width at half-maximum (FWHM) laser pulses, a feeble pinching occurred for 4 ns (FWHM) laser pulses only above a threshold energy of ∼250mJ. In addition to the multiple K-shell x-ray pulses emitted from the titanium anode up to 100 ns, evidence of a much harder x-ray component (hν>100keV) is also seen in the discharge triggered by picosecond laser pulses.


In train speed control system, if we can detect the exact position of the signal section boundary, it can be used for an effective correction of the running distance without using any additional particular devices on the ground-side. However, in the conventional system using a signal detection coil, it has been impossible to detect the section boundary because we can not distinguish the signal change in one section from one caused by passing through two different sections.In this paper, we propose the novel detection method of the section boundary by using two groups of search coils, which are eqquipped under the floor at the center of the rolling stock. By the experiment on the real test line, we show that the section boundary is effectively detcted based on the difference between the two signals received.


The random forest(RF) algorithm is a very efficient and excellent ensemble classification algorithm. In this paper, we improve the random forest algorithm and propose an algorithm called 'Bayesian Weighted Random Forest'(B-RF), focus on the problem that inaccurate decision tree classification caused by the same voting weights in the traditional random forest model. The main idea underlying the proposed model is to replace the supermajority voting of random forests into weighted voting, fully consider the difference of classification ability of each decision tree, using the Bayesian formula to dynamically update the weight value for each tree, so that the strong classifier has higher voting power and effectively improves the overall performance of classification. Through the verification of UCI database, the results show that the classification accuracy of the proposed weighted random forest model is higher. This illustrate the outperformance of the proposed model in comparison with the general random forest algorithm.


The article is devoted to a problem of education of tolerant culture of the teenagers in establishments of social-cultural sphere. A problem of culture of dialogue is one of sharpest in the modern world and perception of other person as the one what he is, is not always correct and adequate. In the article it is emphasized that the way towards the tolerance is a serious emotional, intellectual work and mental pressure, as it is possible only on the basis of selfchanging, self stereotypes, self consciousness.


The utility model discloses a cold stamping die of an aluminium foil container, which can complete the whole processing process by once stamping and comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die mainly consists of an upper die base, an upper die air cylinder arranged on the upper die base, an ejector air cylinder, an upper blank holder bolster, a drawing base arranged on a piston rod of the upper die air cylinder, an ejector block arranged on a piston rod of the ejector air cylinder and an upper blank holder arranged on the upper blank holder bolster; and the lower die mainly consists of a lower die base, a lower die air cylinder arranged on the lower die base, a supporting plate, a secondary drawing base, a secondary drawing male die arranged on the secondary drawing base, a drawing molding male die arranged on the secondary drawing male die, a lower blank holder bolster arranged on a piston rod of the lower die air cylinder, a lower blank holder arranged on the lower blank holder bolster and a lower shearing mouth plate arranged on the supporting plate. The cold stamping die can complete the whole processing process of an aluminium foil wrapper and an aluminium foil tableware by once stamping, improves processing efficiency and reduces labor intensity.


In an era of total dependence on energy and transport, the need for alternatives to fossil fuels is getting higher as years pass by. The increasingly aggravated climate changes create a constant concern in reducing energy consumption and the emission of pollutant gases into our atmosphere, especially greenhouse gases like CO2. Naturally, the transport sector is one of the most affected since it's totally dependent on fuels like gasoline, diesel and even natural gas. The Kyoto protocol along with some internal country measures, all aim to limit not only energy consumption but also emission of pollutant gases and efforts have been made to make the transport sector a more sustainable one. One example is the enormous improvements on internal combustion engines, being much more efficient nowadays. Along with those improvements, alternatives in transportation start to being used like renewable energies and electricity, particularly in hybrid electric vehicles, that add the internal combustion engine to one or multiple electric engines, making possible an even more efficient vehicle. A hybrid electric vehicle that can be driven only in electric power is especially attractive in urban areas. The electric hybrid vehicle world was born when of the first generation of the Toyota Prius was launched, back in 1997. Seventeen years later almost every car company has its own hybrid vehicle(s), but still a technology that confuses its possible buyers. Based on that, the theme of this Dissertation is, not only about hybrid electric vehicles, but mainly the comparison between hybrid electric vehicles with different technologies, like gasoline and diesel engines. Thus, specific vehicles were selected and tested in different road courses to see how they perform in fuel economy. Based on those results, different scenarios were simulated for each vehicle with a regular driver on a daily basis, and the lifetime costs of the vehicle were also calculated. Results showed that the hybrid electric vehicle is particularly efficient on urban driving, due to the 24,5 km achieved solely on electric driving. Also all other tests, except highway at 120 km/h, the costs with fuel were lower than the diesel vehicle, proving that the hybrid technology can have fuel economy improvements. The only disadvantage is the price of the hybrid electric technology that still doesn't offset the excess amount that has to be paid when buying the car, relatively to the diesel one. That excess amount may have a necessary travelling distance until amortization from 200 000 to more than 1 million kilometers, depending on how you avail the ability to run only in electricity. The diesel vehicle also showed very competitive fuel economy figures regarding nowadays market. Estudo comparativo entre automoveis hibridos, gasolina e gasoleo do ponto de vista do utilizador


Background:
 Few data were available about the QT intervals during nighttime/daytime sleep and daytime activity, and circadian autonomic nerve activities in healthy and LQTS infants.

 Methods:
 Holter ECGs were recorded in infants with 12 LQTS infants (2
 KCNQ1
 , 5
 KCNH2
 , and 5 not mutation-identified; 12±7 weeks after birth; M/F=6/6) before treatment. Ten age-matched healthy infants (M/F=4/6) were evaluated at the same period (12±3 weeks) and at 40±6 weeks. Three consecutive QT/RR intervals were measured at maximum (max), minimum, and mean heart rates (HRs) at nighttime/daytime and daytime activity and QT intervals were corrected by Bazett's formula. The power spectral density was computed hourly as low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components and was log-transformed. Ln(HF) and the ratio of Ln(LF)/Ln(HF) were used as surrogate markers of para-sympathetic activity and sympathovagal balance, respectively.

 Results:
 LQTS infants showed a significantly longer QTc value (490±19 ms) at max HR at nighttime sleep than that (478±20 ms,
 P
 =0.008) at max HR in daytime sleep; On the other hand, healthy infants showed no difference in the QTc values between nighttime and daytime sleep in both early and late infantile periods (439 vs 435 in early and 433 vs 423 ms in late infantile periods, respectively). LQTS infants showed a significantly decreased (or premature) parasympathetic than controls during early infancy during nighttime (Figure). In healthy controls, nighttime parasympathetic activity significantly increased at late infancy. QTc values during nighttime sleep was inversely associated with parasympathetic activity (
 P
 =0.002) and positively associated with sympathovagal imbalance (
 P
 <0.001).

 Conclusions:
 In early infantile periods, parasympathetic activity was not fully functioned, especially in LQTS infants. A long QTc values associated with impaired autonomic activity during nighttime sleep is one of risk factors of lethal arrhythmia in LQTS infants.


Effective maintenance of rail transit equipment is the basis of rail transit operation and plays an important role in improving the safety of rail transit operation. Accurate and efficient evaluation of reliability index for rail transit equipment can provide an important basis for the formulation of maintenance plan. This paper mainly studies the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) in reliability indices. Firstly, the maintenance strategy of equipment is analyzed, and the censoring life test of reliability test of rail transit equipment is discussed. Then, combined with the Kaplan-Meier method of survival analysis, the life data of rail transit equipment are processed, calculated and analyzed. This paper takes the equipment of AFC system as an example.


This result project built a system of feeding and drinking chicken automatically using ATMEGA-328 microcontroller. This automated tool uses two parts: the first container serves as a reservoir of food and water and the second container is functioned as a feed and water distribution place. The volume of feed and water is measured using ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 which has a function to control the height of feed and water in reserve storage of feed and water. The microcontroller circuit as the controller receives input to know the volume of feed and water and send status data to GSM SIM900A module in the form of AT Command command to be forwarded to destination number then the result will be displayed in the form of message. Keywords— ATMega328 microcontroller, auto system GSM sim900a module, message, ultrasonic sensor.


Background: The quality and effectiveness of the support provided to people with disability who show challenging behaviour can be influenced by the design and content of their behaviour support plans (BSPs). This study examined some of the factors that might influence the quality of behaviour support plans and the impact of quality of BSPs on the use of restrictive intervention. Method: An audit of the quality of a sample of BSPs submitted to the Senior Practitioner in Victoria in the years 2009 and 2010 was conducted using the Behavior Support Plan Quality Evaluation, 2nd Edition (BSP-QE II). Results: Factors found to positively influence quality of BSPs included: involvement of behaviour consultants and involvement of clinicians from the Office of the Senior Practitioner (Office). Overall quality of plans was also negatively related to restrictive intervention use over time. Conclusions: The findings support the need for behaviour intervention and provision of clinical support. The findings also provide tentative support for the notion that the inclusion of evidence-based quality components into behaviour support plan formats may reduce the use of restrictive interventions.


A new type of Ziegler ethylene polymerization catalyst has been formed using as a support, siloxene, a layer compound with an empirical formula of Si[sub 2]H[sub 2]O. Siloxene is a reducing compound, and it reacts with excess TiCl[sub 4], giving an inactive brown solid with 5.2% Ti and 8.0% Cl. However, when additional TiCl[sub 4] is reduced by a metal alkyl and precipitated onto the brown solid, a catalyst with moderate activity is formed. Maximum activity for ethylene polymerization was obtained when the catalyst was pretreated with n-butylmagnesium, contained 0.06 g CaCl[sub 2]/g siloxene, and was run at 80[degrees]C with 40-50 ppm of TEA cocatalyst. These catalysts are very active in the initial portion of the reaction, but the activity decreases rapidly over the first 30 min. Their hydrogen response and hexene incorporation is similar to that observed with other Ziegler catalysts. 17 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.


85 A prototype FORTH interpreter has been implemented in Ada as a research project. The FORTH interpreter is written to take advantage of Ada features, such as range checking, exception handl ing, and utll ity packages for string handling and numerical operations. In the past, FORTH interpreters have been written in high-level languages; most have been source-level interpreters. That is not true in this case; howe v e r , i nth i s cas e , a cor e v 0 cab u1 a r y i s imp 1 em e nted a s of a set of Ada procedures. Each procedure corresponds to a single intermediate language code. The intermediate code instruction set is, therefore, very large. Efficiency is improved with a higher level instruction set, rather than with a primitive instruction set. The components of the interpreter are contained in a set of Ada packages. The central core of the interpreter consists of a package which defines the dictionary, a set of registers, some basic operations, such as pushing to and popping from the operand and return stacks, and pushing an item to the dictionary. The dictionary and stacks reside in an integer array. A hashed table is used for storing word names and pointers into the dictionary. A table lookup is performed rather than a search through a 1 inked 1 ist in the dictionary when a word name is to be checked. This gives considerably improved performance when executing in a purely interpretive mode, rather than when executing compiled words. A problem with this approach is that vocabularies become more difficult to implement. A special feature of the interpreter allows the entire dictionary and register environment to be saved and reloaded by name. A word is defined which, followed by a file name, saves the dictionary, name table, and registers to the named file. Another word followed by the file name will cause the environment, previously saved, to be reloaded. Reloading the environment, rather than loading a file which must be compiled, saves a considerable amount of time during startup. The keys to the functioning of the interpreter are the word definition format in the dictionary and the inner interpreter algorithm. Both are closely related issues. The word definition contains a flag indicating that the word is a primary or secondary and another flag indicating that the word is an immediate word or a …


Most of the plethora of books spawned both by Cyprus' natural beauty and its difficult geographical position alike, have tended to be a mixture of political, historical, social and even bitterly romantic (i.e. Durrell's Bitter Lemons). Two recent offerings depart from such trite categorizations, and are thus a refreshing change from the diplomatic and/or social factory (this author included!): one, Tabitha Morgan's Sweet and Bitter Island, deals to a considerable extent with the human aspect of the British occupation, while Panagiotis Dimitrakis' Military Intelligence in Cyprus considers an oft-ignored aspect of Cyprus' history. The third book, British Imperialism in Cyprus, 1878–1915, does not however pass muster, perhaps because, unlike the others, it has a warped axe to grind, namely, that Britain never really wanted Cyprus, thus colouring any attempt at serious analysis. Unlike the latter's contention, Dimitrakis' opening sentence, namely, that '[ . . . ] a general, a spy and a diplomat would agree that this island had been, and would always remain, a key strategic location [ . . . ]' ties in well with the final sentence of the book, that '[ . . . ] a general, a spy and a diplomat would all agree that this island in the Eastern Mediterranean, close to North Africa and the Middle East, would always enjoy strategic value'. Whether the use of the word 'enjoy' is apt is of course a moot point, since most would agree that it is the very obsession of outsiders with Cyprus as a strategic location that has been the essential reason for what has become known as the Cyprus problem. This reviewer would have substituted the phrase 'burdened with' for the word 'enjoy'. Nevertheless, as PR experts tell us: 'Say what you are going to say, say it,


Power plants are usually located near water and many are in salt water environments. Environmental corrosion and corrosion occurring on the seacoast is quickly becoming a problem that is often solved with thermal spray coatings. The authors have been asked by several power companies to help develop their capability to apply these coatings. This paper will review corrosion applications at different power plants including main cooling pumps, condenser covers, cooling towers, process piping, pipe supports and associated hardware. Further discussion of specific applications, process qualification, equipment and materials used, the training and certification of applicators will also be incorporated into this discussion. The recommendations will include a guide to selection of the coating materials and thermal spray process for corrosion in power plants.


The present invention (in the gas turbine, the steam turbine, a generator), for power generation comprising: a plurality of rotor disks arranged along the rotor once on the welding method of the electron, the method comprising the steps of: Providing a forging of the NDT testing and the rotor disk 26; For the welded joints sample comprising the steps of: processing the disk (26), said processing method comprising the weld joint samples comprises an internal TIG welding a narrow gap and adjacent external SAW welding gap; The method comprising the staple of the disk (26) on top of each other; With respect to each other and the run of the disk (26), the staple as a whole - if the check-out (run-out), and, if necessary adjusting the staple; The method comprising dissolving the root portion of the weld by the welding without using a filler TIG welding; To the horizontal position increasing the height of the welding portion by a narrow gap TIG welding has a parent (parent) welding filler metal in order to allow the inclination of the rotor; Stage tilts the rotor in a horizontal position; Step to complete the weld by using a SAW welding filling the external SAW welding gap; And And a step of checking by using the ultrasonic NDT test of the rotor of the weld. The welded joints specimen processing steps, the first opening section 28 having a first opening angle comprises the step of preparing an optimized transition geometry of the TIG welding gap of the SAW welding gap transition portion, and wherein the SAW welding gap variation unit and it may be due to having a second opening portion 29 having the second opening is greater angle than the first opening angle, avoiding the additional processing steps of high cost and time consuming.


In the course of its history since the Middle Ages law has shifted from a dependent object of the cultural memory to a forming power. By the selection and stabilization of certain values and norms and the discrimination of others it influences the general understanding of the past no less than by making the criminal offender a memory in the prosecution or on the opposite by demanding the deletion of data which could infringe the privacy of a person. This influence is not without danger for fundamental freedoms, as the French laws on the debate about its colonial past show. Accordingly, the impact of the law on the cultural memory is limited by fundamental rights such as the freedom of science and the rights of personality.


A partial area, variable source hydrologic rainfall runoff model, called MAPHYD, was developed utilizing digital maps, interactive computer graphics and several infiltration mechanisms. MAPHYD is an integrated set of computer programs useful for semi-automatic hydrologic model data management and application using digital maps. The model has both the capability of data management and hydrologic response components. Hydrologic simulations were conducted to study the effect the variable source model has on storm hydrographs. The effect of computational unit size on the accuracy of the storm hydrograph were studied. The impervious percentage of the watershed was studied by separating the amount of excess precipitation unit times were used to compute storm hydrographs and variations of their hydrologic values compared.


In this study, Wilks' Λ (W), Hotelling-Lawley Trace (H) and Pillai's Trace (P) tests which are used in testing of statistically significance for canonical correlation coefficients were compared in terms of actual type I error rate. As a result of 10000 simulation experiments conducted, when samples were taken from multivariate distributions which are normal and deviate slightly or moderately from normality, the W test was conservative in terms of protecting actual type I error rate in all cases. However, when there is excessively deviate from normality, actual type I error rates for the W test exceeded the upper limit of Bradley's criterion (4.50-5.50%) almost in all cases. On the other hand, the H test and P test generally obtained actual type I error rates which were outside Bradley limits.