Dermatophytid skin eruption involving a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. It is triggered by a distant dermatophyte infection. It is most frequent in adult tinea pedis but also occurs in tinea corporis and tinea cruris. Tinea capitis, one of the most frequent pediatric skin infections, is rarely reported to cause an id reaction. Herein, we describe a case of palmoplantar, pustular dermatophytid associated with kerion caused by Microsporum (M.) canis.


The present invention provides a method for producing a preform by three-dimensional shape and the lower mold having a concave portion, and has a modulus of the sheet-like structure formed from reinforcing fiber substrate formed of a plurality of the pressing means, the preform a method of manufacturing a body comprising a sheet-like structure is placed on the lower mold, at least one, by a further portion of the upper mold pressing the sheet-like structure through the preload on at least one other mold preloading the sheet-like structure except at least one, then, pressed by the other remaining portions of the upper mold sheet structure, and by a pre-pressure to the upper mold to a predetermined portion of the pressing formal preload pressing force. According to such a manufacturing method, when the three-dimensional shape of the sheet-like structure formed by the reinforcing fiber base material to impart, without generating wrinkles is possible to efficiently at a high productivity of the target preform shape on a base material shaped .


Switching of the main capacitor banks for ZT-40 will be accomplished by spark gap switches. Initially, there will be 576 start switches and 288 crowbar switches. A development program is under way to develop three switches; (1) a versatile start switch, which can be used for both the I/sub z/ and the I/sub theta/ capacitor banks, with a wide operating voltage range, (2) a crowbar switch which is capable of crowbarring the circuit without the power crowbar bank, and (3) a power crowbar switch, which can handle 50 to 100 coulombs, so that a large number of crowbar switches will not be required when the power crowbar circuit is added. The problems with the start switches and the first crowbar switch have been solved, or alleviated. The development of a power crowbar switch has just begun.


The low frequency (<EQ 10 MHz) electrical impedance of a volume of tissue is sensitive to its temperature and its response to heating and other stresses. Major tissue changes, such as those accompanying higher hyperthermic temperatures or prolonged ischemia, and not necessarily reversible unless detected in time to alleviate the stress. Thus, it is imperative to assess the temperature and/or tissue changes in real-time if adequate monitoring of thermal treatments is to be accomplished. To this end, we focus on the use of electrical impedance measurements of a volume of tissue at temperatures in the hyperthermia region (<EQ 47 degree(s)C) where tissue responses occur at a rate which is controllable. First, using well controlled freshly excised tissue data, we examine the prototypical impedance changes associated with the early and later stages of necrosis within a tissue subjected to heating and ischemia. Then, impedance measurements made non-invasively, in vivo, in HT29 tumors are used to demonstrate the differences caused by different thermal treatments and from differences in the ischemic condition of the tissues. The electrical impedance signature of the tumors were indicative of certain cellular-level changes occurring within the tumors. The histological findings corroborate the ability of the electrical impedance to report these cellular changes. The changes are consistent with the cells proceeding along the path of necrosis. Initial cell swelling appears to be largely due to ischemia, and the cell lysing and tumor response to the defined period of heating.


In this paper, we study a reaction-diffusion SEI epidemic model with/without immigration of infected hosts. Our results show that if there is no immigration for the infected (exposed) individuals, the model admits a threshold behaviour in terms of the basic reproduction number, and if the system includes the immigration, the disease always persists. In each case, we explore the global attractivity of the equilibrium via Lyapunov functions in the case of spatially homogeneous environment, and investigate the asymptotic behavior of the endemic equilibrium (when it exists) with respect to the small migration rate of the susceptible, exposed or infected population in the case of spatially heterogeneous environment. Our results suggest that the strategy of controlling the migration rate of population can not eradicate the disease, and the disease transmission risk will be underestimated if the immigration of infected hosts is ignored.


HfO2 and V2O5 as multi-layer thin films are discussed for their potential use as transparent heat mirrors. Multi-layered HfO2/V2O5/HfO2 thin films with a thickness of 100/60/100 nm were prepared via e-beam evaporation on a soda–lime glass substrate. Rutherford backscattering confirmed the multi-layer structure with uniform surface. The as-deposited thin films were annealed at 300 °C and 400 °C, respectively, for 1 h in air. The transmittance of approximately 90% was obtained for all thin films. Due to the relatively low thickness and non-stoichiometry of HfO2, a band gap of approximately 3.25 eV was determined (instead of the theoretical 5.3–5.7 eV). The as-deposited thin films possessed conductivity of approximately 0.2 Ω−1cm−1 and increased to 1 Ω−1cm−1 and 2 Ω−1cm−1 for thin films annealed at 300 and 400 °C, respectively. Due to the unique intrinsic properties of HfO2/V2O5/HfO2 thin films, the results obtained are promising for application as a transparent heat mirror.


The regression based channel capacity (REC) has been proposed for a simple and efficient evaluation of compact MIMO antennas. By entering the mean effective gains (MEG), correlation of MIMO array elements, and incident wave SNR to the developed regression formula, one can readily estimate the 2 × 2 MIMO channel capacity without a large amount of computer and human resources. The validity of the REC was confirmed by estimating the channel capacity in cluster propagation environments of incident waves with a small angular spread.


SUMMARY

In Colombia and neighboring areas there are three species of Breutelia which produce smooth or rugulose (not longitudinally plicate) capsules. These are: B. subarcuata (C. Muell.) Schimp. in Besch., B. squarrosa Jaeg. and B. rhythidioides Herz. Although all are similar in gross morphology, they can be distinguished by the areolation of the alar region of the leaves. In B. squarrosa the alar region is scarcely distinct with no more than 1–3 inflated, hyaline cells in the basal corners and with a few enlarged supraalar cells. In both B. subarcuata and B. rhythidioides the alar region is clearly distinct with 2 or more rows of enlarged cells and with the outer 1–2 rows of inflated, hyaline cells. The intramarginal alar cells in B. subarcuata are non-porose, or essentially so, while in B. rhythidioides the intramarginal alar cells are quite porose. A review of type and secondary collections shows that the three members of this complex are wide-ranging in the neotropics but apparently with the highest frequency of populations in the northern Andes. B. rhytidioides Crum is rejected as a hom. illeg.


In view of the possible role of platelets and coagulation mechanisms in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors, a number of haematological parameters have been followed during development of an experimental syngeneic tumor in mice (Lewis Lung Carcinoma, 3LL). This tumor, when transplanted intramuscularly in C57,B1/6 mice, grows locally and gives spontaneous metastases to the lungs. The transplanted animals survive for about 4 weeks. Metastases are visible since the third week. A slight but constant increase in plasma fibrinogen level and a marked thrombocytopenia were observed starting during the second week after tumor implantation. No other significant changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were found. Moreover, the animals developed a marked haemolytic anaemia, possibly microangiopathic in origin. 125I-fibrinogen survival was decreased of about 20% during the second week after tumor implantation and was not further reduced later on. Fibrinogen turnover was accelerated since the second week and was further increased thereafter, being more than doubled at the end of the third week. Labelled fibrinogen accumulated in the primary tumor and in the lungs; its rats of disappearance from the tumor was much slower than from lungs or blood. These data suggest the occurrence of a low-grade, localized fibrinogen consumption (intravascular coagulation ?). 51Cr-platelet survival was not modified throughout the observation period, whereas platelet turnover was markedly reduced since the end of the second week, suggesting a defective platelet production. 51Cr-red cell survival was drastically reduced to about 30% of controls starting from the second week, whereas labelled red cell turnover was almost doubled. The pathogenetic relevance of the observed modifications in the processes of grwoth and dissemination of 3 LL remains to be established. (Supported by Grant NIH-PHRB-IRO1 CA 12764–01.


As the new Russian president, Vladimir Putin is going to be a household name, yet few know much about him. In a long interview, conducted by three respected Russian journalists over several weeks, Putin subjects himself to scrutiny and reveals his past.


Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). A plethora of evidence has indicated a role for LRRK2 in endolysosomal trafficking in neurons, while LRRK2 function in glia, although highly expressed, remains largely unknown. Here we present evidence that LRRK2/dLRRK mediates a glial lysosomal pathway that contributes to the mechanism of PD. Independent of its kinase activity, glial LRRK2/dLRRK knockdown in the immortalized microglial cells or flies results in enlarged and swelling lysosomes fewer in number. These lysosomes are less mobile, wrongly acidified, and exhibit defective membrane permeability and reduced activity of the lysosome hydrolase cathespin B. In addition, microglial LRRK2 depletion causes increased Caspase 3 levels, leading to glial apoptosis, dopaminergic neurodegeneration, and locomotor deficits in an age-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a functional role of LRRK2/dLRRK in regulating the glial lysosomal pathway; deficits in lysosomal biogenesis and function linking to glial apoptosis potentially underlie the mechanism of DA neurodegeneration, contributing to the progression of PD.


Purpose- Brand loyalty is an important and widely researched topic for building a strong consumer base for fashion and lifestyle online stores. It however could be generating converse results. To study the behavior of people aware of the brand and possessing a negative attitude towards is just as important. "Disloyalty" in market research for the first time is termed as a state of "no loyalty" by Rowley & Dawes. In context of Indian consumer, this paper studies the term "disloyalty" and tries to bridge the literature gap.

Design/methodology/approach- Both qualitative and quantitative approaches through content analysis and surveys have been used to explore "e-disloyalty". Content analysis of 410 customer reviews derived from five online review websites and survey filled by 165 respondents led to the formation of four disloyalty factors.

Findings- These factors represented a disloyalty scale consisting of 15 items. It was observed that 4 factors alone contribute for almost 64% of the variance in the items. Explaining almost 45% of the variance, "unreliability of the shopping portal" is observed to be one of the main governing reasons leading to customer disloyalty.

Research limitations/implications- In this study the developed model is pertinent to the particular market of fashion and lifestyle. Nonetheless, the thrived factors can be used in online retailing for the measurement and development of other categories as well.

Practical implications- The implications of the findings can be useful for a web portal as it might help in perceiving the obstacles which come in the path of an expanding consumer base and having a competitive edge.

Originality/value- This paper adds to the literature by providing insight to the concept of e-disloyalty with context to Indian consumer and how factors leading to edisloyalty may be looked as tools to manage consumer loyalty.


WEISHAMPEL, D.B. and HEINRICH, R.E., Cell Biology and Anatomy, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205. Accurate identification of the first or first two closest outgroups is necessary for the polarization of the characters pertaining to ingroup taxa. But what if ingroup-to-outgroup relationships are not known a priori? In order to assess the influence of misidentification of proximate outgroups on character polarity, we conducted perturbation analyses on 1) two idealized character sets drawn from a fully-resolved Hennigian comb and a fully dichotomized symmetrical "bush", both fully-resolved and consisting of 14 terminal taxa, and 2) the character set provided in Holtz's recent cladistic analysis of non-avian theropods. Terminal ingroup taxa were employed as "outgroups" in successive PAUP analyses in order to assess changes in tree topology, tree length, and consistency indices (C.I.) that result from alterations in character polarity. Perturbation analyses produced either a decrease or an increase in C.I. accompanied by changes in tree topology and tree length. Increases in C.I., which occur more frequently in trees characterized by extensive homoplasy, is especially significant in that an inappropriately-chosen outgroup may lead to the acceptance of an incorrect tree.


Four-color (uvhy) photoelectric observations are presented for six Ap stars. No variations were found for the Hg-Mn star K Cue. The periods of 1d4450 for 45 Leo and 2d8881 for HR 5597 found by Wiuzer (1974) are confirmed. The period of HR 5153 is shown to be 2d451 Possible explanations for the photometric variations of 56 Ari and HR 4369 are discussed. Key words: photometry - peculiar A-type stars


This article focuses on the textual research and development of Tuofa.The author thinks that Tuofa and surgical theory have the same source,which was first formally proposed by LIU Juan-zi Gui Yi Fang.The statement of the method of complement Tuofa was first seen in Sanyin Ji Yi Bingzheng Fang Lun.The exploration for Tuofa entered the period of great prosperity in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.Since 1949,Tuofa has gone into the fast lane of scientific and normative development.


A novel miniaturization bow tie RFID tag antenna is proposed based on the triangular Sierpinski fractal microstrip.The port characteristics of the proposed antenna are presented by simulation.At the same time,the resonance frequency,the radiation pattern and the efficiency of the Sierpinski tag antenna is given.The results of the simulation show that multiple frequency band can be obtained by varying the dimensions of the fractal structure.Hence this kind of antenna can be used into the RFID tag antenna very conveniently.


Summary: A 15-year-old Warmblood gelding was referred to the clinic because of abdominal discomfort. One year before clinical evaluation, the horse presented with a mass in the back muscles that had first appeared 3 years prior. The mass, located in the caudal saddle position, was of an unknown cause and did not disturb the horse in any way. A calcification was recognized radiologically; however, treatment was not pursued because of high risk of poor wound healing and infection in this area. On the day of referral the horse was presenting signs of colic as a result of a haemoperitoneum following a ruptured haematoma in the liver, which was diagnosed by laparoscopy in the standing position. The horse was euthanized because of persistent, extensive haemorrhage from the unstoppable bleeding of the liver. At necropsy liver amyloidosis with subcapsular and intrahepatic haematoma was diagnosed. The calcified mass in the horse's back muscle was considered to be an old infected wound that could be the trigger for Amyloid-A (AA) amyloidosis. To the author's knowledge, this condition has not yet been described in horses.


Lethbridge Symposium abstract volume organized by the Canadian Quaternary Association, and in the Twelfth International Radiocarbon Conference Abstracts. These published reports contain discussions of new advances in thermoluminescence (TL), optical, electron-spin resonance, amino-acid racemization, and radiocarbon dating methods. Thermoluminescence has been used widely in archaeology, and with mixed success in the USSR for dating loessic, marine, and fluvial sediments, and even tills. Absolute dating methods that extend beyond the range of radiocarbon (40 000 yr BP) are urgently needed, particularly for sediments older than the last glaciation. While only a few new developments occurred with respect to radiocarbon, a comprehensive discussion of TL, its history, and current use is available in Dreimanis et


This study seeks to show some of the features of literary creativity with Nasir al-Din al-Assad, and particularly focused on his Poetry in his only poetic issued in 2007. The study provides a definition of the group and texts distributed by (Al-Assad) on two parts: pre age of twenty, and after a century. Then the convergence of the study felt that Assad is trying to approach the manifestation of the emotional depth of the relationship, and cultural interdependence, between the individual self and the poet of the nation to which they belong, ancient and modern. Here they study focused on the exploration of the self-similarity of time in hair Paljmaa Assad, offered for this, including revelations about his hair in his private time, who appeared in:
 Al-Assad self Time in his own life, he lost his father and his mother. He was forced to work in order to live, and then to work in order to be taught at his expense.
 The nation's collective time in his life through the ages.
 Nostalgia, which is the same self-nostalgia collective, poet and self-similarity of the nation.
 The scattering of aspirations and dreams, and the expiration of the era of childhood.


Notes on the postantennal process as a category of cuticular spines of parasitic Copepoda are given. Arguments on the status of the postantennal process as an appendage are briefly compared. It is concluded that these structures are cuticular outgrowths and not appendages. The morphology of this structure is concisely compared in the Caiigidae, Taeniacanthidae and Lernanthropidae. The structure of postantennal processes, based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies, of five species of Lernanthropus (L. capistroides Olivier & Van Niekerk, L, sarbae Kensley & Grindley, L. gisieri Van Beneden, L. sp.A and L. sp.B) is discussed and illustrated. Morphological differences of possible taxonomic value are highlighted.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to determine if and how mega sports organizations like the Olympics contribute to the countries' economies, as well as its citizens' well-being through tourism. The World Bank relevant economic data set from 1990-2012 was used for the paper. Australia, Greece and China's tourism and GDP figures were analyzed by using the Multiple Linear Regression Model. The Eviews8 program was used for the Chow Breakpoint Test. In addition, Percentage Trend Analysis was also applied to the whole data. When Australia, Greece, and China examples were considered, the researchers found that the Olympics have breakpoint effect on these countries' economic development and citizens' well-being but not on tourism except for Greece. The view that mega organizations such as the Olympics will bring automatic, permanent and positive contribution to the economy through image rise and tourism must be reconsidered.


lthough new techniques that enable robots with advanced cognitive capabilities are being developed, still few work is being devoted to a difficult problem in which all this techniques rely: fast and robust perception methods to detect semantically relevant elements in unstructured environments,
Indeed, being able to identify the robot's location and what objects lie around constitute the foundations on which almost all high-level reasoning processes conducted by a robot will build up.
In order to help reduce this gap, this work addresses the problems of vision-based global localization and object recognition.

The first contributions presented are a new technique to construct signatures of places to be used as nodes of a topological map from constellations of features detected in panoramic images, and a homing method to travel between such nodes that does not rely in artificial landmarks. Both methods were tested with several datasets showing very good results.

General object recognition in mobile robots is of primary importance in order to enhance the representation of the environment that robots will use for their reasoning processes.
Therefore, the next contributions of the thesis address this problem. After carefully reviewing recent Computer Vision literature on this topic, two state of the art object recognition methods were selected: The SIFT Object Recognition method and the Vocabulary Tree method.
After evaluating both methods in challenging datasets, focusing on issues relevant to mobile robotics, it was found that, although the SIFT method was more suited for mobile robotics, both had complementary properties.

To take advantage of this complementarity, the final contribution of this thesis is a Reinforcement Learning method to select online which object recognition method is best for an input image based on simple to compute image features. This method has been validated in a challenging object recognition experiment, even improving the performance of a human expert in some cases.


Through the characterization of the molecular weight and distribution, comonomer content, micro-structure of liquid fluoroelastomer (low molecular weight fluoroelastomer) , it is found that 1,2- dibromo -1,1,2, 2 - tetrafluoro - ethane has a sufficient effect on the molecular weight of liquid fluoroelastomer in the polymerization. The chemistry structures of end groups and sequence structure of liquid fluoroelastomer are also characterized.


In this paper we review eight recent applications of fuzzy logic in industrial automation. All applications used the so-called "fuzzy programmable logic controller (PLC)", an innovative hardware platform that merges fuzzy logic and traditional automation techniques. Following a quick overview on the fuzzy PLC, we discuss the applications and focus on how fuzzy logic enabled a superior solution compared to conventional techniques. We quantify the benefit of fuzzy PLC in cost saving or quality improvement.


s of the papers proposals received by call for papers and blind review evaluated by the members of Scientific Committee. PAINEL 1 – CENTRO E PERIFERIAS: GOVERNAR À DISTÂNCIA Sergio Hernández Suárez Los primeros intentos del control commercial Canario-Americano: el primer juzgado de Indias en Canarias


Abstract Volcanic rocks of Neoproterozoic age form several fault-related inliers in Wales and the Welsh Borderland. Those in North Wales and the Borderland have been investigated recently, while those in southwest Wales remain little studied. In southwest Wales, basic to intermediate lavas and related volcaniclastic rocks and silicic tuffs in the St David's area comprise the Pebidian Supergroup, which is intruded by minor basic intrusions, while the Coomb Volcanic Formation, exposed farther east around Llangynog, is composed of basic and silicic lavas and silicic tuffs, intruded by a single dacite sill and numerous dolerite sills. New geochemical data show that both the Pebidian and Coomb basalts have subduction-related characteristics. The Coomb basalts are geochemically similar to those of the Uriconian Group of the Welsh Borderland, while the Pebidian basalts bear a similarity to volcanic rocks recovered from the Bryn-teg Borehole, in the Harlech Dome. Uriconian-type volcanic rocks may underlie much of the Midlands Microcraton, with the Welsh area underlain by volcanic rocks of Pebidian type.


1 General .................................................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Validity and definitions...................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Design and construction specifications........................................................................................................................2 1.3 Structural strenght...........................................................................................................................................................3 2 Hang glider ...........................................................................................................................................................................3 2.1 Design and construction specifications........................................................................................................................3 2.2 Static longitudinal stability .............................................................................................................................................3 2.3 Sructural strenght ............................................................................................................................................................4 2.4 Handling characteristics .................................................................................................................................................4 3 Paraglider .............................................................................................................................................................................5 3.1 Design and construction specifications........................................................................................................................5 3.2 Structural strenght...........................................................................................................................................................6 3.3 Handling characteristics .................................................................................................................................................7 4 Hang glider and paraglider harnesses ..............................................................................................................................8 4.1 Design and construction specifications........................................................................................................................8 4.2 Structural strenght...........................................................................................................................................................8 5 Protection equipment for paragliders................................................................................................................................9 6 Hang glider and paraglider rescue systems ...................................................................................................................10 6.1 Design and construction specifications......................................................................................................................10 7 Winches for hang glider and paraglider .........................................................................................................................12 7.1 Design and construction specifications......................................................................................................................12 8 Labeling ..............................................................................................................................................................................14 8.1 Labels..............................................................................................................................................................................14 8.2 Instructions.....................................................................................................................................................................14


ABSTRACT The luminescence features and internal electronic screening in the ferroelectrics ceramics of PZT system at superfast switching in fast-rising pulse fields are investigated. †Originally presented at 10th European Meeting on Ferroelectricity, Cambridge, UK, August 3–8, 2003.


The construction skill of vernacular landscape in the country park was studied from analyzing and summarizing the concept of vernacular landscape.Five key points were put forward:minimizing the degree of human intervention to create a pleasant-scale space;reappearing idyllic scenery to produce beautiful landscape;creating a diverse ecosystem to provide a rich habitat for living beings;interpreting local culture to find the spiritual home;sharing the harvest scene to produce vital atmosphere.Taking Shengtianhu Wet-land Park in Shanxi Province as an example,based on the investigation and planning of the current conditions,nine functional areas were designed to create the beautiful idyllic scenery to provide useful references for future designing of vernacular landscape in country park.


In this paper,the final ruin probability of gambling problem is discussed,and a computational programme of stochastic simulation for the ruin probability and the numerical result of stochastic simulation for a concrete example are also given.The computational results show this way is of great significance precision between theoretical arithmetic and the estimated value of ruin probability.Finally,the average number of times of gambling is given by stochastic simulation in this paper.


The British North Greenland Expedition (Lewis & Masterton, 1955a, b) provided an opportunity to study the food intake and energy expenditure of men in a cold environment. The expedition, consisting of twenty-five men, left London on 8 July 1952 to spend 2 years in an unexplored area of mountains and glaciers situated some 800 miles from the North Pole. Their explorations included a geological and topographical survey involving considerable travelling, which was done by dog sledge. For many years it has been reported by travellers to polar regions that husky dogs eat human faeces (Bertelsen, 1929 ; Rosendahl, 1954). This observation was confirmed by us and led to the present investigations. Sledging rations generally contain a high proportion of fat, which it was suggested might lead to an abnormally high excretion of fat in the faeces, which might be a physiological reason for the habits of the dogs. The investigation now reported, carried out in association with the rest of the physiological work of the British North Greenland Expedition (Lewis & Masterton, 1955 a, b), can be classified under five headings : (I) a record of the dietary intake of four men while sledging; (2) a record of these men's dietary intake on two occasions while living at the base hut; (3) an estimate of the energy expenditure of the four men while sledging and living at base; (4) an analysis of the nitrogen and fat in the faeces of two of the men while sledging; ( 5 ) an estimate of the calorie intake of the dogs, and the contribution of human faeces to it.


Basic Life Support (BLS) is medical procedures and skills utilized in case of an emergency to save lives. It is given to the victims of life-threatening illnesses or injuries until provision of full medical care at hospitals. BLS is given by health care providers such as physicians, paramedics, emergency medical technician and by lay-persons with BLS training. College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS) and college of medicine (COM) students at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh are the future health care providers in community, which makes their awareness and knowledge of BLS crucial. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the level of BLS knowledge among CAMS and COM students, to figure out their attitude to obtain knowledge of BLS skills, to practice these skills and wherever needed. This study was conducted by assessing the responses of CAMS and COM students to a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions about BLS. Response of students to the questionnaire was recorded and documented using Microsoft Excel. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The most of the responders (CAMS 63.4%, COM 67.36%) had secured less than 50 score corresponding to poor level of BLS knowledge. None of the COM students secured 80% or more score corresponding to excellent BLS awareness and only 1.38% got above 70% score. Six (6%) CAMS students secured 90-100 score (outstanding level), 3 (3%) scored 80-89 (excellent level), 8 (8%) got 70-79 score (very good level), 7 (7%) scored 60-69 (good level) and 13 (13%) secured 50-59 score (satisfactory level). The mean scores was for CAMS and COM students were 45.05% and 37.9% respectively. These data show overall poor BLS knowledge, specifically about CPR, among CAMS and COM students. Poor BLS awareness, specifically about CPR, among CAMS and COM students shows the need for their training and experience in this field. Improvement in standards of BLS training and assessment are recommended. It is also recommended to carry out BLS awareness surveys in students of all KSAU-HS colleges to improve the BLS awareness and skills.


This study examines whether simple measures of Canadian equity and housing price misalignments contain leading information about output growth and inflation. Previous authors have generally found that the information content of asset prices in general, and equity and housing prices in particular, are unreliable in that they do not systematically predict future economic activity or inflation. However, earlier studies relied on simple linear relationships that would fail to pick up the potential nonlinear effects of asset price misalignments. Our results suggest that housing prices are useful for predicting GDP growth, even within a linear context. Meanwhile, both stock and housing prices can improve inflation forecasts, especially when using a threshold specification. These improvements in forecast performance are relative to the information contained in Phillips-curve type indicators for inflation and IS-curve type indicators for GDP growth. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The successful training of highly-skilled engineering stuff in terms of transformations of education system becomes a real challenge for educators. Competitive specialists, able to competent performing of responsible and effective professional activity, ready for solving of working issues independently and adequately, as well as to provide efficient interchange of professional experience with colleagues from foreign countries are of great demand in our country and abroad. The article deals with using of authentic video materials in English for Professional Purposes classroom for developing confident communicative skills, implementing them for individual work of students for reinforcing their self-study skills, and therefore, strengthening the students` motivation for learning English for Professional Purposes. Also in this paper we highlight the criteria of authentic video materials choosing and suggest the list of recommended sources with short description which we use for individual students` work either inside or outside the classroom.


The article analyzes the modern Western historiography of the Crimean war of 1853-1856. The authors refer to problems and issues that prevail in the French and British studies of the events of 1853-1856. In the Western historiographical tradition based on researches of the XIX-XX centuries, still remain insufficiently explored aspects of the Crimean war, for example, the siege of Sevastopol, military operations in the Baltic and White seas, in the Pacific ocean, in the Caucasus. Despite the obvious trend existing in modern European science, associated with the study of the Crimean campaign in the context of the first pan-European war, the attention of historians of Western Europe is more focused on the study of the First world war. However, in recent years there has been a clear interest of French, English and Italian authors to the Black sea region, to the history of the Crimea and, as a consequence, to the Crimean campaign. Generalization of modern experience of historiography of the Crimean war allows to define prospects for further researches.


In an inland environment, carbonation is the primary cause of initiation for potential corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete. This problem has been exacerbated over recent years by increased urbanisation and vehicular traffic, resulting in higher atmospheric carbon dioxide contents – a problem typical of economically active cities throughout the world. It is important that designers of reinforced concrete structures respond to these variations through appropriate specifications to ensure that structures perform satisfactorily over their intended service lives. This paper is part of a study undertaken to assess the carbonation of concretes exposed to a range of micro-climate variations in inland environments, particularly with variations in carbon dioxide content, temperature and relative humidity conditions with the intent of developing a prediction model for the rate of carbonation. Concretes samples were prepared using three binder types representing variations of blends with FA, GGBS and four w/b ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.75 and subjected to different degrees of initial water curing (3, 7, 28 days). These samples were placed in three exposure conditions: indoors in laboratory air, outdoors sheltered from rain and sun and outdoors fully exposed to the elements. The depths of carbonation of these samples were monitored over a period of 24 months in order to determine the rates of carbonation. Concrete samples in the outdoor sheltered sites presented the highest rate of carbonation. Although samples in this exposure site carbonated faster, the risk of reinforcement corrosion is likely to be low because the samples are protected from direct moisture effect. Keywords: Carbonation, Corrosion, Reinforced concrete, Micro climate, Inland environments


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continue a monitoring without intermission of communication by allowing a slave control section to continue processing on behalf of a master control section till an error in the master control section is recovered even on the occurrence of the error in the master control section of a monitor block. SOLUTION: On the occurrence of an error in a central processing unit 21 of a master control board 20, a pulse signal with a prescribed period is not outputted from its terminal. Thus, an output '0' of a monostable multivibrator U22 is fed to an AND gate G25 and an AND gate G11 outputs a '0' signal. An output of the gate G11 turns off a transistor(TR) 12 to deenergize a relay 13. Thus, a data transmission/reception path an optical transmission section, a host computer and the master control board 20 is interrupted. Then the central processing unit 21 gives a signal S3 to a CPU 41 of a slave control board 40 via a master mother board 10. The AND gate G31 outputs a signal '1' to a gate of a TR 32, which is conductive. Thus, a relay 33 is energized to connect a transmission section and the computer. COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO


This research investigates the subject within the Borderline Personality Diagnosis as the site of the Lacanian feminine. It uses Bataille's concept of erotism to conceptualize the surplus jouissance that Lacan articulates in Seminar XX, and then uses Deleuze and Guattari's understanding of becoming-woman to begin to think through the potential this idea may have for contemporary politics of subjectivity. In doing so, it attempts to build a bridge between two seemingly divisive thinkers in Western French philosophy, as well as enter into a dialogue about alternative modes of subjectivity by investigating those modes which have been historically inarticulable or inassimilable.


The frame set of a window $\phi\in L^2(\mathbb{R})$ is the subset of all lattice parameters $(\alpha, \beta)\in \mathbb{R}^2_+$ such that $\mathcal{G}(\phi,\alpha,\beta)=\{e^{2\pi i\beta m\cdot}\phi(\cdot-\alpha k) : k, m\in\mathbb{Z}\}$ forms a frame for $L^2(\mathbb{R})$. In this paper, we investigate the frame set of B-splines, totally positive functions, and Hermite functions. We derive a sufficient condition for Gabor frames using the connection between sampling theory in shift-invariant spaces and Gabor analysis. As a consequence, we obtain a new frame region belonging to the frame set of B-splines and Hermite functions. For a class of functions that includes certain totally positive functions, we prove that for any choice of lattice parameters $\alpha, \beta>0$ with $\alpha\beta<1,$ there exists a $\gamma>0$ depending on $\alpha\beta$ such that $\mathcal{G}(\phi(\gamma\cdot),\alpha,\beta)$ forms a frame for $L^2(\mathbb{R})$.


We have prepared nido-7,8,9,11-Sb2C2B7H9, the first cluster with simultaneous Sb-B, Sb-C and Sb-Sb atom pairs with interatomic separations with magnitudes that approach the respective sums of covalent radii. However, the length of the Sb-Sb separation in this cluster is slightly less than the sum of the covalent radii. Quantum chemical analysis has revealed that the crystal packing of nido-7,8,9,11-Sb2C2B7H9 is predominantly dictated by pnictogen (Pn) bonding, an unconventional σ-hole interaction. Indeed, the interaction energy of a very strong Sb2H-B Pn-bond in the nido-7,8,9,11-Sb2C2B7H9 dimer exceeds -6.0 kcal mol-1. This is a very large value and is comparable to the strengths of known Pn-bonds in Cl3Pnπ complexes (Pn = As, Sb).


The study of psychotropic prescribing habits of professional colleagues has become important because of the widespread and unrestricted use of these drugs and the adverse effects of their longterm use. Furthermore, the irrational use of benzodiazepines and prophylactic use of antiparkinsonian drugs is a common practice in psychiatric, teaching and general hospitals especially in developing countries. This study aims to assess the psychotropic prescribing practice of doctors in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital.


Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM), is an uncommon benign disorder characterized by a proliferation of a dense fibrous tissue within the mediastinum. The precise etiology and the pathogenesis of FM remain in most cases unknown. We report the case of a 51-year-old no smoker female patient hospitalized for recurrent hemoptysis. The physical examination was normal. The chest radiograph revealed a widening of the middle mediastinum with a prominence of right hilum and a consolidations in the right lower lobe. The computed tomography scan chest showed a right mediastino-pulmonary mass lesion inducing a compression of the superior vena cava, the right pulmonary artery, the upper right pulmonary vein, and the medial bronchus of the middle lobe. The mediastinal window revealed multiple mediastinal lymph nodes. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed a diffuse mucosal inflammation of the right bronchial tree without any bronchus obstruction. Pathologic examination of the bronchial biopsy samples revealed inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. Mediastinoscopy was performed. Pathologic examination of the mediastinal mass samples confirms the diagnosis of idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis associated with amyloid deposits type AL. The current case analysis highlights the importance of considering FM in front of any mediastinal mass lesions with unknown etiology. The diagnosis of FM may be difficult in the presence of atypical radiological and histopathological findings.


1calling for a phasing out of trade in live plants and plant material given the threats this trade holds for forests globally. The call reflects a measure of desperation from scientists working with many natural ecosystems and witnessing an unprecedented, rapid decline in their sustainability – in this case, caused by the increasingly rapid homogenisation of pest and pathogen communities between forests of the world, with devastating effects. Why is the call unlikely to be heeded? The plant trade industry is worth billions of dollars annually, and being able to buy an assortment of woody plants from a local nursery is taken for granted by the public. But importantly, the data on damage from pest and pathogens spread via plant trade is hidden from public view in scientific journals. It is hard to imagine how such a wellhidden literature could motivate the public to put pressure on local governments and industries to adopt policies to limit potential damage from the live plant trade.


The author reviews the use of pressure chambers as operating rooms, the reasons for such an experimental approach and the details involved. He is particularly interested in the problems faced by the anesthesiologist under such circumstances.


The suction and compression strokes of internal combustion engine, such as spark ignition engine (SIE) or compression ignition engine (CIE) areinfluenced by the amount of air or fuel intake and the degree of mixing in the cylinder. While On the other hand, the power and exhaust strokes are known to influence the rate and flame propagation of combustion.The objective of this study is to perform in-cylinder simulation of injection in spark ignition engine (SIE) in order to determine the variation of particle traces, fuel mole fraction and velocity from inlet port to the cylinder.This is achieved by the use of CFD software to analyze and solve Continuity, Navier-Stokes and Energy equations governing the working medium. Ansys Design-Modellerwas used to generate model mesh from model designed from Solidworks. Study results revealed velocity of injected fuel to be maximum at inner region of valve face and the heptane used as fuel more concentrated near cylinder wall as it enters the cylinder. The mole fraction concentration was high at the center of the cylinder at the end of the final crank angle, while maximum velocity of fuel occurred near cylinder as crank angle increases.


Miniaturisation of metallic structures has become a prime issue and to meet high demand, modern fabricators extensively use different micro machining techniques. Wire electrochemical machining (wire ECM) is such a process of removing excess material electrochemically. However, the process is still new and further research is needed. Hence, the present work aims in developing suitable wire ECM setup to find out the influence of wire feed rate at varying voltage settings on corresponding width of the generated microslits. For this, experimentations have been carried out with 50 μm dia tungsten wire and machined micro features have been carefully observed under optical microscope. Additionally, the experimental results have been represented graphically where the minimum average width of the microslit is found to be 83.117 μm with an aspect ratio of 1.2. Moreover, complex microfeature with varying width has been fabricated by changing corresponding feed values in a single run.


ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of estrus expression, body condition score (BCS), different sires and semen batches on the conception rate of suckled Bos taurus beef cows submitted to timed artificial insemination (TAI). Data from 7,737 TAI were obtained from five farms in South Brazil. Cows received an estradiol plus progesterone-based estrous synchronization protocol. Only sires (n = 13) with at least two semen batches and 50 AI in two different lots were included in the study. Conception rate was higher for cows in estrus (66.8% vs. 26.3%) or with BCS ≥ 3 (57.2% vs. 51.6%) than in cows without estrus or BCS < 3, respectively (P≤0.001). Conception rate per sire ranged from 42.6% (Sire L) to 74.3% (Sire K). Conception rate in cows with BCS ≥ 3 and estrus occurrence varied from 47.4% (Sire L) to 86.1% (Sire A) among sires. Conception rate differed among semen batches of the same sire (B1 = 58.5%, B2 = 62.5%, and B3 = 83.2%). In conclusion, there was individual variation in conception rate among AI sires and semen batches within sires. The conception rate was increased by estrus occurrence and greater BCS.


The invention relates to a writeable magnetic element, comprising a stack of layers having a magnetic writing layer, characterised in that the stack comprises a such a magnetic writing layer, namely a central layer (13, 53, 70, 23, 63, 80) made of at least one magnetic material having a direction of magnetisation that is parallel or perpendicular to the plane of the central layer, which is sandwiched between a first (12, 52, 71, 22, 62) and second (14, 54, 72, 24, 64, 82) outer layer made of non-magnetic materials, the first outer layer (12, 52, 71, 22, 62) comprising a first non-magnetic material and the second outer layer (14, 54, 72, 24, 64, 82) comprising a second non-magnetic material other than the first non-magnetic material, wherein at least the second non-magnetic material is electrically conductive, and characterised in that said element comprises a device for passing a writing current only through the second outer layer and the central layer, and optionally through the first outer layer only in the event the latter is conductive, said writing current circulating in a current direction that is parallel to the plane of the central layer, as well as a device for applying a magnetic field having a component in one magnetic-field direction that is either parallel or perpendicular to the plane of the central layer (13, 53, 70, 23, 63, 80) and to the current direction, and in that the direction of magnetisation and the magnetic-field direction are mutually perpendicular.


In this Major Contribution, we focus on the mental and psychological health issues relevant to Mexican Americans or Chicanas/os, and we identify and introduce some important contemporary areas of research that reflect the unifying theme of Current Directions in Chicana/o Psychology. These areas include counseling, assessment, and service-delivery issues; the content and influence of stereotypes; and the role of ethnic identity in the psychological health of Chicana/o people. To provide an ecological context for the series of articles that follow, identifying labels/terminology, demographics, cultural characteristics, and political barriers descriptive of Chicanas/os are addressed. Our hope is that the series of articles composing this issue serves to raise the awareness of mental health professionals about issues facing Chicanas/os and to provide guidelines for future counseling intervention and research.


Two new crystalline charge-transfer salts of BEDT-TTF
[bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene] containing hexachlorometallate
anions of 5d elements have been synthesised, characterised structurally
and their magnetic and conducting behaviour investigated.
α-(BEDT-TTF)
 4
 [ReCl
 6

]C
 6
H
 5
CN is triclinic [P;
a=9.455(2), b=11.306(3), c=18.193(5) A;
α=101.85(2), β=92.74(2),
γ=110.52(2)°; Z=1]. Its structure consists of alternate layers
of BEDT-TTF and of [ReCl6 ]2- C6H5CN, the former consisting of two
crystallographically independent stacks, in one of which the molecules
carry a charge close to +1 while in the other they are approximately
neutral. The cations lie between the [ReCl6 ]2- moieties while the
neutral molecules are closest to the C6H5CN species showing that the
structure is determined by electrostatic interactions. (BEDT-TTF)2 [IrCl6
] is likewise triclinic [P; a=8.721(1), b=10.257(2), c=11.086(2)
A; α=111.00(1), β=98.31(1), γ=103.32(1)°; Z=1].
Its packing motif is new among BEDT-TTF salts, containing no discrete
layers of anions and cations. Face-to-face BEDT-TTF dimers form an
infinite three-dimensional network. Both compounds are semiconducting and
their magnetic properties are dominated by the Curie–Weiss behaviour
of the anions.


In a three-phase voltage inverter consist of semiconductor components such as insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) that is sensitive and at any time can have a fault (short circuit or open circuit) that produces a system malfunction. This paper proposes a technique for the detection of faults in the voltage inverter (VSI), this technique can locate and determine the faulty semiconductors, one or more, it is based on the difference between the real voltage signal and its reference, that has a minimum inflection point that is the fault image, From the comparison signal we can read the necessary parameters (t1, t2), at the end we compare this signal with the threshold to know where is the fault with positive or negative alternation, we used Simpowersystem/Simulink, the obtained results show us the effectiveness of the technique to detect the faults of open circuit and short circuit in the three-phase voltage inverter.


AimsCardiovascular disease may manifest as CHD, PVD and CbVD. Our aim was to explore these interactions and associated risk factors.MethodsPatients were identified who attended clinic in 1990—1991 and remained under follow-up in 2000—2001. The latter were categorised by the presence/absence of manifest CHD, PVD and CbVD. Baseline clinic measurements (1990—1991) were studied in relation to CVD manifestations.ResultsSeven hundred and ninety-eight (CVD:358) patients were identified with follow-up. Of those with CVD: 51% had CHD, 14% PVD, and 9% CbVD exclusively. A further 17% had CHD+PVD, 4% CHD+CbVD, 2% PVD+CbVD, while 3% of patients had all three manifestations together. Increasing age, LDL-cholesterol and glucose were associated with increased risk of CHD, PVD and CbVD.ConclusionsThe majority of diabetic patients with CVD have $CHD (75%), and only 3% have a combination of CHD, PVD and CbVD.


Peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the exclusive site of fatty acid beta‐oxidation. We have found that fatty acids reach the peroxisomal matrix via two independent pathways. The subcellular site of fatty acid activation varies with chain length of the substrate and dictates the pathway of substrate entry into peroxisomes. Medium‐chain fatty acids are activated inside peroxisomes hby the acyl‐CoA synthetase Faa2p. On the other hand, long‐chain fatty acids are imported from the cytosolic pool of activated long‐chain fatty acids via Pat1p and Pat2p, peroxisomal membrane proteins belonging to the ATP binding cassette transporter superfamily. Pat1p and Pat2p are the first examples of membrane proteins involved in metabolite transport across the peroxisomal membrane.


The aim of the Sea Around Us Project is to quantify, in ecological and economic terms, the impact of fisheries on the marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic, and to evaluate the costs and benefits of various scenarios of mitigation, such as status quo, rebuilding of depleted resources and implementation of closed areas. Dealing with these issues requires a methodological package related to, but different from, that typically used in fisheries management, notably because of its ecosystem focus and the much larger temporal and spatial scales, relative to standard fisheries assessments. This paper summarizes the methodology deployed by the project by introducing a suite of papers in which its rationale and operational details are provided. First, we review the relationships between scale and methodology choices in marine science. Then, the principle modules of the Sea Around Us Project methodology are described as follows: 1) The North Atlantic as study area, where we report a new ecosystem classification scheme that is compatible hierarchically with previous work and with all statistical divisions; 2) North Atlantic fisheries catches in time and space, where we present the project's catch and effort database, discuss the problems in estimating total extractions, and outline methods used to overcome them; 3) Fish distribution transects, where the biology and migrations of key commercial North Atlantic species are used to link catches by shallow-water and offshore fisheries; 4) Bio-economic analyses of fisheries sectors, where the effect of competition between small and large –scale fisheries is quantified using a multi-species, multi-gear yield per recruit model and the combination of effort producing a Nash equilibrium is identified; 5) Ecosystem modeling, discussing the use of ECOPATH with ECOSIM and ECOSPACE to represent present and past North Atlantic ecosystems with their embedded fisheries, to evaluate ecosystem status, and to simulate likely response to change; 6) Evaluating alternative ecosystem-based management regimes to quantify the benefits of different ecosystem-based management scenarios; 7) Energy consumption and the ecological footprint of North Atlantic fisheries, to contrast the energy incorporated in landed fishes to that required to catch them; 8) Rapid interdisciplinary appraisal of fisheries status and compliance analyses using RAPFISH, to compare and characterize North Atlantic fisheries in terms of their sustainability (in ecological economic technological and social fields), analysis of their ethical status, and to score their compliance with the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, together with the compliance of North Atlantic countries vis-à-vis their internationally agreed commitments. 9) Mapping the fate of fisheries landings from the North Atlantic, to identify possible pressure points for intervention by fish product consumers; We present a diagram expressing the articulation of the various methodological components listed above. The synthesis to emerge from integrating the results of these modules may contain many surprises, both in terms of the ecological damage and economic waste presently generated by the North Atlantic fisheries, and in clarifying the foregone benefits that could be regained, were these economic and ecological issues to be addressed. Sea Around Us Project Methodology Review


This MS-Word example provides instructions for authors who write a paper for the 2014 ASEC Conference. It is written in the same format as the format of the papers so that it can be used as a model. Please ensure your Paper is converted into a PDF before uploading.


A field study was conducted during the Rabi season of 2018–19 at Sardar Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, to assess the performance of post-emergence application of Imazethapyr in combination with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin on chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.).The treatments comprised of Control (Weedy check) T1, Weed free T2, manual weeding 20 DAS T3, two manual weeding 20 and 40 DAS T4,Pendimethalin @1 kg a.i./ha PE T5,Pendimethalin @1 kg a.i./ha PE fb manual weeding 20 DAS T6,Imazethapyr @50 g a.i./ha Post emergence (20 DAS) T7,Imazethapyr @50 g a.i./ha 20 DAS fb manual weeding 40 DAS T8,Pendimethalin @1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha 20 DAS T9 and Pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha 20 DAS fb manual weeding 40 DAS T10. The results revealed that the maximum weed control efficiency at 60 and 90 DAS and minimum total dry weight of weedsinPendimethalin@1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) fb manual weeding (40 DAS) T10 were found at par with Pendimethalin@1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) T9.Significantly highest pods plant-1,seeds pod-1andtest weight (g)were found with the application of Pendimethalin@1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) fb manual weeding (40 DAS)treatment. However, the highest grain yield (27.0 q ha-1) and straw yield(35.6 q ha-1) were obtained under weed free treatment T2 followed by (25.2 q ha-1)and (33.5 q ha-1) with the application of Pendimethalin @1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) fb manual weeding (40 DAS) T1.Similarly, higher net returns and benefit:cost ratio was recorded in Pendimethalin@1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@ 50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) fb manual weeding (40 DAS).Therefore,Pendimethalin@1 kg a.i./ha PE fbImazethapyr@50 g a.i./ha (20 DAS) found better for higher productivity and profitability of chickpea cropunder Sub-tropical climate of western Uttar Pradesh.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was known at the end of last year,  initially in the Wuhan province of China, but it spread quickly throughout the world and in February 2020 it was already present in several countries on all continents; in mild-March the world health organization (WHO) officially declared it a pandemic. The clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic or mildly clinical to situation with high mortality mainly due to severe acute respiratory failure or sepsis and multi-organ failure. The majority of critically ill patients admitted to critical care unit require invasive, non-invasive respiratory support or a combination of both.

The great avalanche of patients who entered to the Madrid hospitals in a very short period of time conditioned unprecedent healthcare pressure on the system and required a structural and functional reorganization  of all centers and  at all levels. This great demand made the available resources at times clearly insufficient and it was necessary to improvise aid and support mechanisms as well as diversify structures and resources even in unusual places and conditions. The crating works team and equipping new ICU beds was one of the greatest needs; at this scenery the Anesthesiology and Reanimation services were fundamental given their capacity for adaptation and aptitud in supporting and managing the critically iil patient.
Non-invasive respiratory support is a fundamental strategy for management of patients with severe acute respiratory failure, both inside and outside ICU; the differents devices available provide their functionally in various clinical situations, although in the beginning of the pandemic their use was not very widespread, first due to fear failure of the technique and second and most importantly due to staff fear of infection by the aerosol dispersion; its efficacy has finally been recognized in situations where the indication is appropriate, the correct time and appropriate facilities.
The PAP SuperNO2VA is a device that is little known until now and that can be useful in specifics cases. In this article, we aim to describe the key characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia and the role of SRNI systems play in its management, specifically the SuperNO2VA. We describe some cases of its use  in clinical settings during the pandemic.


The paper discusses the possible interaction between combustion instabilities and induction times of droplets (and sprays) to autoignition. It is shown that acoustic pressure/temperature oscillations significantly affect the induction times of n-heptane droplets. This may play an additional role in low frequency dynamics and might be the main driver of high frequency dynamics. Experiments on single droplets in an acoustic field were used to validate numerical simulations on the autoignition of large n-heptane droplets. The simulations were then extended towards technical droplet sizes and a gas turbine typical pressure range of 17 bar. It was found that the acoustic-scale changes of the pressure and temperature result in significant changes of the ignition delay. Applying numerical calculations to micro-sized droplets enabled to study the thermo-acoustic effects under conditions approximating real gas-turbines. The findings reveal the importance of thermo-acoustic effects on ignition processes in the instability-driving mechanisms of combustion and indicate that "acoustics-ignition"-interactions must be taken into account for low-frequency as well as for high-frequency dynamics; this in addition to the flow and mixture perturbations which are well known to drive combustion instabilities in gas-turbines.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


X-ray inspection of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is time consuming since many projections at different positions around the object are required to obtain reconstructions of the interior fiber composition of reasonable quality with classical reconstruction methods. In this work, we propose to reconstruct the interior of the CFRP samples with the Neural Network Filtered Backprojection (NN-FBP) method. This method combines several FBP reconstructions with different filters and is therefore able to reconstruct images in a fast way based on fewer projections with a similar image quality. Results show that the NN-FBP allows to drastically reduce the number of required projection images while still maintaining high quality image reconstructions.


The benefit of magnetoconvection for transformer cooling by ferrofluid is numerically studied. A code combining spectral and finite-element methods is applied on a solenoid system. Magnetostatic, Navier–Stokes, and energy equations are solved simultaneously. A vegetable oil seeded with magnetite nanoparticles at a volume fraction of 10% is considered. The magnetization of the ferrofluid is a function of temperature through an approximation of the classical Langevin's law. Magnetic and temperature fields are used to update the magnetic action, modeled by the Kelvin force, on the ferrofluid momentum at each time step. Numerical results for regular oil are consistent with experimental temperature data obtained for pure vegetable oil cooling. Numerical results for ferrofluid show that the magnetoconvection modifies the flow convection pattern and speed. The temperature increase in the coil is consequently reduced by about 9.4% with ferrofluid cooling.


Objective:To investigate the expression levels of β 1 and α 1 integrins in hypertrophic scar tissues.Methods:Hypertrophic scars tissue specimens were collected.The expressive levels of β 1 and α 1 integrins in specimens were determined by immunohistochemistry stainning technique.Results:Although in all hypertrophic scars tussue specimens there were ositive signals of β 1 and α 1 integrins,the distribution and intensity of signals were obviously different.In hypertrophic scar tissues of early period,we found that epidermal cells and extensive fibroblasts expressed abundant β 1 and α 1 integrins.But in hypertrophic scar tissues of later period,only partly fibroblasts located in collagen nodules and beside normal tissue were examined to express β 1 and α 1 integrins.Conclusions:During the developing process of hypertrophic scar,expressive change of β 1 and α 1 integrins in the tissues not only reflected the active situation of fibroblasts,but also suggested integrins may play an important role in scartissue remodelling. [


Interrelations between the nonconservation properties of parity, time reversal, and charge conjugation are discussed. The results are stated in two theorems. The experimental implications for the K−K¯ complex are discussed in the last section.


The early stages and capsulogenetic stages of sporogenesis of Myxobolus kwangsiensis were studied indetail by electron microscopy. M. kwangsiensis is an intrasellular myxsporen infecting the epithelial cellsof kidney tubules of young dace Labeo rohita. The M. kwangsiensis sporogenesis presents the typical featuresof myxosporea. The initial stages are multinuceate primary cells, with one primary cell typicallyenclosing one secondary cell. The secondary cells are formed directly by cytokinesis inside the primary cells. Theprimary cell participates in the formation of the secondary cell nucleus. The nuclear division of primarycell is asynchronous by amitosis. The parasitic organisms may degenerate inside the epithelial cells at anystage. The modes of sporoblast formation , the typical features of myxosporea and the cause of its degradationare discussed.


The Latin translation by Leonardo Bruni of Saint Basil´s Epistula ad adulescentes enjoyed a great diffusion in the 15th and 16 th centuries as a grounding text of humanistic culture. On the occasion of the Greek-Latin edition of Saint Basil´s text by Pinciano in 1519, the Spanish scholar wrote also some critical remarks on Bruni´s translation. These remarks by Pinciano make up the subject-matter of this paper.


This study describes a new method to prepare monodisperse polystyrene (PS) colloidal nanoparticles with controlled size ranging from 60 nm to 140 nm by the direct polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene inside the bilayers of the polydisperse hyperbranched polymer vesicles.


Monte Carlo particle transport applications are often written in low-level languages (C/C++) for optimal performance on clusters and supercomputers. However, this development approach often sacrifices straightforward usability and testing in the interest of fast application performance. To improve usability, some high-performance computing applications employ mixed-language programming with high-level and low-level languages. In this study, we consider the benefits of incorporating an interactive Python interface into a Monte Carlo application. With PyMercury, a new Python extension to the Mercury general-purpose Monte Carlo particle transport code, we improve application usability without diminishing performance. In two case studies, we illustrate how PyMercury improves usability and simplifies testing and validation in a Monte Carlo application. In short, PyMercury demonstrates the value of interactive Python for Monte Carlo particle transport applications. In the future, we expect interactive Python to play an increasingly significant role in Monte Carlo usage and testing.


This essay examines the genre of women's grief fiction through the lens of psychoanalytic theories of mourning and melancholia. It concentrates on the family melodrama as an instance of popular, 'middlebrow' women's fiction, which addresses and sometimes exploits women's vulnerability as mothers and their anxieties around mothering. I will focus on the American writer Kim Edwards's The Memory Keeper's Daughter, which explores the consequences to a family of concealing from the mother the live birth of a baby with Down's syndrome. This was her first novel, published in 2005 when she was 47. Written in an emotive and powerful fashion from the perspective of various family members, the novel explores the imbrication of the psychic and the social in its depiction of personal betrayal, family breakdown, and conventional attitudes to grieving and the disabled. Following analysis of critical reviews of the novel and a consideration of the reasons for its commercial success, I provide a psychoanalytic reading of the novel's representation of grief and loss, arguing that while it engages the classic Freudian model of mourning as consolatory substitution, it also adopts the more ambivalent model of 'endless mourning' proposed in Freud's later work and subsequently developed by feminist theorists. Making use of Julia Kristeva's concept of narcissistic melancholy, I read The Memory Keeper's Daughter as an attempt to represent 'the real that does not lend itself to signification' (13), showing how it represents grief as a turning away from the realm of signs, a disintegration of bonds, and a retreat into asymbolia. Finally, I utilize Kristeva's concept of poetic language as a 'counter-depressant', which ameliorates the pain of loss without repudiating it, to suggest that this and other examples of women's grief fiction attempt to 'transform the woeful darkness into lyrical song' (162).


Six sampling stations were selected at Jinhe River and Seven water quality parameters were measured which include transparency、chromaticity、Dissolve Oxygen(DO)、Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD_(cr))、Biology Oxygen Demand(BOD_5)、Total Phosphorus(TP) and Total Nitrogen(TN).The results showed that transparency、chromaticity and DO were in accordance with the water standard of landscape and amuse,but COD_(cr)、 BOD_5 、TP and TN were all higher than standard and the water has emerged eutrophication.Finally,according to the characteristics of Jinhe River and the origin of the pollutants,some good suggestions on the water quality maintaining were made.


Medical research papers are medical scientific experiments and clinical observation summary.In the medical research papers correctly marked CLC is crucial.Focus on medical in CLC Indexing Category research paper,discussion about how to use graph paper to the scientific standard words,how to help the author with cross-disciplinary literature classification and indexing are helpful to search literature to determine the scope and correct identification code


Among all of the books of annotating HanYu's Works(韩愈集)that were handed down from ancient times,500 Kinds of Annotating Han Yu's Works edited by Wei Zhong-ju(魏仲举) reflectes major achievements in annotating Han Yu's Works in the South Song period. It contributes to researching the prosperous features of studying Han Yu's Works in the South Song period to study the books writed in the Tang and Song Dynasties which were cited in 500 Kinds of Annotating HanYu's Works. It is important significance and value in studying both Han Yu(韩愈) and the scholarism of the Song Dynasty(宋学).


Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is increasingly used in clinical evaluation of the hypertensive patient. The aim of the present study is to investigate the accuracy of non-invasive blood pressure measurements provided by the Profilomat, a new portable, automatic blood pressure recorder, in normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients. The results showed a good correlation between the blood pressure values measured by this apparatus and those determined simultaneously by the conventional auscultatory method (sphygmomanometer). Thus, the Profilomat appears to be a useful instrument for study of arterial blood pressure outside the doctor's office.


Innes Herdan's book, aimed at a general readership, tells a rousing tale of the close ties between literature and revolution in 20th-century China. However, it is told from a limited perspective by an author whose commitment to her subject hinders objectivity. Herdan reveals a deeplyfelt enthusiasm for Maoist literary policy which allows her to overlook or play down its profoundly problematic consequences. Her narrative is deceptively clear-cut, a black-and-white account bracingly told in a lively manner, but its well-meaning idealism obscures a far more complex reality and is almost invariably misplaced. This book is a historical document of a certain type which tells the reader much more about its author's convictions than it does about the state of Chinese literature in the 20th century. There was a time when books such as this were written and read by many idealistic people: a time when the CCP seemed the only hope for China and apparently embodied ideals soured elsewhere by Stalinism. That time no longer exists and now one cannot read this book without a mingled sense of frustration, anger and sadness.


Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The interest in organometallic complexes as anticancer drug candidates continues to be pivotal for many researchers. Initially underestimated for their therapeutic potentials, rhenium complexes are now slowly gaining momentum. While tricarbonyl complexes of rhenium are widely investigated, dicarbonyl derivatives of the cis-[Re(CO)2]+ core remain largely unexplored. In this study, we tested in vitro a variety of rhenium dicarbonyl complexes for their activity towards three cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7 and HCT116) and one healthy cell line (HEK293). The most lipophilic compounds showed, like the tricarbonyl species, good activity against specific cancer lines (IC50 = 1.5–2.5 µM); however, the same were also toxic towards healthy cells. In order to understand these differences, we performed a reactivity study of cis-[Re(CO)2(NN)]+ species (where NN = diimine) with biologically relevant functional groups (-COOH, -NH2, -SH and aromatic nitrogen-based ligands) and compared the chemistry to what is known for the fac-[Re(CO)3]+ core. Overall, we found that the rhenium dicarbonyl complexes only show good reactivity with aromatic nitrogen-based ligands. The reaction of cis-[Re(CO)2(NN)]+ species with common bio-functional groups leads, rather, to the formation of bis-diimine dicarbonyl complexes (cis-[Re(CO)2(NN)2]+) as the major by-product.


Historians have long debated the possibility of an academy in Quattrocento Milan centred around Leonardo da Vinci. Such an academy has been variously characterized based on textual and material sources. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, however, the existence of this group has been vigorously denied in the scholarship on Leonardo. This article presents new information on the academy derived largely from the previously unpublished Renaissance manuscript, the Isola beata (c.1513). The text provides details of the academy's membership, as well as information that illuminates Leonardo's Milanese intellectual circle and helps to contextualize it in relation to other contemporary Italian Renaissance academies.


England's chief medical officer has tried to reassure the public about the safety of horse meat by announcing that someone would need to eat over 500 pure horse meat burgers a day to get close to acquiring dangerous amounts of phenylbutazone.

Phenylbutazone, known as bute, is a commonly used drug in horses. The Food Standards Agency said on 14 February that it had checked the carcasses of 206 horses slaughtered in the United Kingdom between 30 January and 7 February 2012. Eight tested positive for phenylbutazone, and meat from six of them may have entered the food chain in France.

But the …


3D printing is a process whereby users can create a three-dimensional solid object of any shape by operating a 3D printer using a digital design, thereby creating their own designs or replicate and electronically customize scanned objects. The technology has existed for several decades; however, it was not until around 1990 it really gained momentum (Van Wiele, 2019). In this paper the authors investigated research on 3D printing in libraries and copyright through a scientometric analysis, by searching in Web of Science for libraries, 3D printing and copyright. The data was mapped in WoS-viewer, to show the most important authors, the most cited documents, and the most cited sources. 107 results from WoS Core Collection for "3D printing" AND copyright was found. Also, the authors researched library websites in Norway for guidelines and rules concerning copyright and 3D printing. Norwegian copyright law does not mention 3D printing as such, so how are academic and public libraries teaching or mentoring copyright issues to patrons and students?


Abstract : In 1988, an exchange of physical model data measurement devices was made between the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) and Nanjing Hydraulics Research Institute (NHRI), People's Republic of China. This report contains the WES evaluation of NHRI physical model current meter. The meter was subjected to tests in several WES facilities and found to be a useful instrument in studies involving large-scale physical models, flumes, and structural models. Keywords: Calibration, Current velocity direction sensor, Servo tracking, Threshold velocity. (jhd)


Mental health is the ability to adjust oneself satisfactorily to the various strains of life. Mental health and Education are closely related to each other. Sound mental is prerequisite for the learner. In this era of severe competition to excel or to be on the top is pressurizing today's adolescents to the utmost. Besides a number of factors like home and school environment, biological and psychological determinants, economic conditions of the family and many more are influencing the mental health status of the students. A mentally healthy person faces the day to day life problems squarely and boldly. Here an effort has been made to study the influence of gender and economic status on the mental health status of high school students. For this Multi Stage random sampling technique was adopted. 600 students were drawn randomly from 10 randomly selected secondary level schools of 2 districts (i.e. Bareilly and Pilibhit) of Rohilkhand region (India). A standardized test was used Mental Healthy Battery (Arun Kumar Singh and Alpna Sen Gupta). This Battery included six dimensions i.e.emotional stability, overall adjustment, autonomy, security-insecurity, self concept and intelligence. This survey research leads us to a conclusion that male and higher income group students had better mental health than their counterparts


In order to convert low temperature coal tar (LCT) into clean transportation fuels by hydrotreating (HDT), the changes of asphaltenes properties during HDT of LCT should be paid more attention. The HDT experiments were carried out in a trickle-bed reactor unit under various reaction temperatures, and asphaltenes were extracted from the liquid products. The properties and structure of asphaltenes were performed by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, size-exclusion chromatography, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Structural units analysis of average molecules and the variation trend of change in the structural parameters were revealed. The results showed that, with the temperature increase, the diameter of the aromatic sheet (La), interaromatic layer distance (dm), total carbon number (CT), and average alkyl chain length (n) decrease, while the aromaticity factor (fA) and aromatic carbon number (CA) increase. Moreover, the mechanism of HDT was studied to make the molecula...


Yi sang was a korean modernist who wrote poetry and fiction during the period of Japanese colonization 'of Korea. Yi sang's relation to Japan is unique: because he believed in the idea of universal modernity he was able to escape from the ambivalence, the aspiration and enmity, that other Korean intellectuals felt toward Japan. It seems, in fact, that through this idea of modernity he forcibly tore into and transformed the modernist literature of Tokyo and of Japan. As a language cut off, as it were, from its nationality, the Japanese that Yi Sang wrote in was a counterpart to the universality of modernity. Yi Sang's association with the literature of Yokomitsu can be narrowed down to three points: the department store poems, the poems about problems with a lover and the series of prose poems.


We present the results of a second epoch of 18cm global Very Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations, taken on 23 February 2001, of the central kiloparsec of the nearby starburst galaxy Messier 82. These observations further investigate the structural and flux evolution of the most compact radio sources in the central region of M82. The two most compact radio objects in M82 have been investigated (41.95+575 and 43.31+592). Using this recent epoch of data in comparison with our previous global VLBI observations and two earlier epochs of European VLBI Network observations we measure expansion velocities in the range of 1500–2000kms 1 for 41.95+575, and 9000–11000kms 1 for 43.31+592 using various independent methods. In each case the measured remnant expansion velocities are significantly larger than the canonical expansion velocity (500kms 1 ) of supernova remnants within M82 predicted from theoretical models. In this paper we discuss the implications of these measured expansion velocities with respect to the high density environment that the SNR are expected to reside in within the centre of the M82 starburst.


Taking a warship as model,considering both bending and torsion caused by damage,the stresses of damaged ship hull are calculated using transfer matrix method based on Kollbrunner-Hajdin modified thin-wall beam theory.The floating parameters and wave load of the warship when damaged under waterline are studied using Vlasov's method.The results show that the damage of hull structure causes the variety of the floating parameters and wave load,the lose of section modulus and the unsymmetry of section.Both of them should be considered when the stresses of hull structure are calculated,and they all have bad effect on the vitality of damaged warship.The regulation of normal and shearing stresses varying with damage position and dimension are given,and the factors effecting stresses are found.The study supplies accordance for residual strength analysis and is important for the vitality evaluation of warship.


This study was performed to establish a simple and rapid method for measuring thrombin activity based on weight of fibrin clot formed. The new method was based on the weight measurement of fibrin clot after enzymatic reaction of thrombin with fibrinogen. The fibrin formation depended upon the activities of thrombin used, temperature, incubation time, and centrifugation time. The fibrin formation was increased proportionally up to 1.0 unit/ml of thrombin activity, 4.0mg/ml of fibrinogen concentration, and 5 min of incubation time at 37. The fibrin clot formed was stable by centrifugation at 3,000g for 5min. This simple assay based on weight of fibrin after centrifugation would be useful for identifying natural food anticoagulants by inhibiting thrombin.


We have studied the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) populations within and outside globular clusters (GCs) in NGC 4365 and NGC 3115. Using published age and metallicity constraints from optical and IR observations of their GCs, we do not find any evidence for an increase in the LMXB formation rate in the intermediate-age cluster population of NGC 4365, as has been proposed in some scenarios of dynamical LMXB formation in GCs. The old, metal-rich, red population of GCs in NGC 3115, on the other hand, is at least 3 times as efficient at creating LMXBs as the old, metal-poor, blue clusters. These data suggest that the higher formation efficiency of LMXBs in the red GC subsystems of many galaxies is largely a consequence of their higher metallicity. A comparison of the densities of field LMXBs in different galaxies does not reveal an obvious correlation with the age of the field stars, as predicted by models in which the LMXB formation rate in the field drops monotonically with time after an initial burst. This suggests that either a significant fraction of the field LMXBs are created in GCs and subsequently injected into the field or the LMXB formation rate has a more complex time evolution pattern.


Ethylbenzene [CAS No. 100-41-4] is a colorless liquid (boiling point 136.2°C, vapor pressure 1.27 kPa [25°C]) that is used as a raw material in the manufacture of stylene monomer, plastic, and rubber, and is a component of mixed xylene. This chemical was recommended at 100 ppm (430 mg/m3) for OEL-M in 1978, and revised at 50 ppm (217 mg/m3) and categorized Group 2B for class of carcinogenicity in 2001, and classified Group 2 as a reproductive toxicant in 2014. The JSOH reevaluated the occupational exposure limits (OEL) by examining subsequent reports this time, and proposed 20 ppm as OEL-M for ethylbenzene based on significant hearing loss in workers exposed to 30 ppm and noise in comparison with workers exposed to only nose,1 significant loss of outer hair cell of cochlear nerve at concentrations ≧200 ppm in 13 weeks inhalation study (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 ppm) in SD rats,2 and significant increase of auditory threshold ≧400 ppm in 5 days inhalation study (0, 300, 400, 550 ppm) in WAG/ Rij rats.3 Skin absorption notation is indicated, and classifications of carcinogenic (Group 2B) and reproductive toxicant (Group 2) remain the same. Dimethyl terephthalate [CAS No. 120-61-6] is white flakes (melting point 140°C, boiling point 288°C), and used as a material in the manufacture of polybuthylene terephtharate, film, polyester fiber. The JSOH proposed 8 mg/m3 as OEL-M for dimethyl terephthalate based on the results of animal experiment.4 Nose rubbing, preening, and blinking were found at the concentration of 86.4 mg/m3, but not at that of 16.5 mg/m3 in male LongEvans rats for 5 days 4-hour inhalation exposures per week for 58 days. Hydrogen fluoride [CAS No. 7664-39-3] is colorless corrosive gas and/or fume (melting point − 83°C, boiling point 20°C, vapor pressure 122 kPa [25°C]). It is used as a raw material of fluorine compounds, alkylating agent, and etching agent for glass and silica. The OEL-Ceiling, defined as the reference value to the maximal exposure concentration of the substance during a working day at or below which adverse health effects do not appear in most workers, of 3.0 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) is proposed based on the increased symptom scores from upper airways of human volunteer experiments.5,6 Symptoms in upper airways in human volunteers exposed to 2.5-5.2 mg/m3 were significantly increased compared to those exposed to 0.2-0.6 and 0.7-2.4 mg/ m3. In another human volunteer experiment, five volunteers suffered face flush at 5 days 6-hour exposures per week during 10-50 days. Skin absorption notation is indicated.


Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence is increasing at concerning rates for Hispanics. Researchers have attempted to understand why through quantitative or qualitative studies. This meta-synthesis examines qualitative studies concerning barriers and facilitators that Hispanics face while managing their diabetes. Method: Noblit and Hare's (1988) defined method of analysis was used to synthesize 15 qualitative studies on Hispanics' diabetes self-management. Results: Findings revealed two themes: (a) famalismo primero and (b) puerta cerrada, translating to family first and closed door, respectively. In famalismo primero, Hispanics with T2D prioritize family, and receive support, motivation, and knowledge from them first; puerta cerrada is tied to barriers such as cost of services and patient–provider relationships. Discussion: Inclusion of family in diabetes self-management provides support and motivation for Hispanics. Hispanics experience barriers to access health care that may interfere with diabetes self-management, which need to be addressed to promote health equity.


This paper is a study that discusses the rebellion of the Republic of South Maluku. This rebellion was motivated by the many former soldiers of the KNIL (Dutch Indies Colonial Army) who were disappointed with the recognition of Dutch independence to Indonesia. In addition, he did not agree with the dissolution of the NIT (State of East Indonesia) and the return of Indonesia to a unitary state. Basically, the Republic of South Maluku could not be separated from the federal system of the Indonesian state during the Dutch Military Aggression. The formation of the Republic of South Maluku was also influenced by dissatisfaction with the process of the return of the United States of Indonesia to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, it is caused by factors of the interests of certain parties such as the selfishness of a leader who does not want to step down from office and many parties who are against the discourse of a unitary state. The formation of the Republic of South Maluku greatly influenced the socio-political conditions in Indonesia, including the disruption of relations between groups in Maluku and the division of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia.


Present study was conducted in laboratory conditions at Department of Weed Science, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during 2013 to evaluate wheat biotypes against the allelopathy of three problematic weeds. Wheat biotypes were collected from six districts viz, Peshawar, Kohat, Mardan, Mansehra, Swat and Chitral and were evaluated against the allelopathy of three problematic weeds of wheat crop including Ammi visnaga, arvensis and Galium aparine. A control treatment was also settled for the Convolvulus comparison in laboratory conditions. The results revealed that the wheat seeds collected from the area having cooler climatic conditions of Chitral, Swat and Mansehra were more sensitive to the toxicity of weeds giving a germination percentage in the range of 30-45 percent as compared to those of the hot climatic areas like Peshawar, Kohat and Mardan which exhibited 50-59 percent germination. In case of weeds toxicity the extract of Convolvulus arvensis caused more suppression in all wheat biotypes and restricted the seed germination to 8.33 percent compared to other weed species. The study suggested that the C. arvensis extract should be used against the weeds of wheat.


Natural bacterial assemblages are not physiologically and phenotypically homogeneous. Development of new methodologies, such as flow cytometry, has allowed bacterial types with different degrees of activity (which have been called HighDNA and LowDNA bacteria) to be distinguished on the basis of their DNA content. Because previous data have suggested that HighDNA bacteria are really the active fraction of the community, we hypothesize that the dynamics of bacterial production (BP) and grazing losses should be linked to the changes of this fraction rather than to changes in the whole community. To test our hypothesis we took samples during a cruise in the NW Mediterranean Sea in March 1999 from 6 selected stations placed along 2 transects, 1 perpendicular to the city of Barcelona and the other to Palamos. In each transect we visited 'coastal' (on the continental platform), 'slope' and 'open sea' (> 2000 m) stations. Samples were collected at surface and at the deep chlorophyll maximum. Bac- terial abundance (total, HighDNA and LowDNA) and BP were determined in in situ samples. Also, 12 experiments were performed to survey the dynamics of HighDNA bacteria (percentage and biomass), BP and grazing rates inside experimental bottles every 8 to 12 h for a total period of 44 h. Bacterial abun- dance was counted and cell volume was estimated by flow citometry, BP was determined by 3 H-leucine incorporation, and grazing rate was obtained by following the evolution inside the experimental bottles of added 5-((4, 6 dichlorotriazin-2yl) amino)-fluorescein-stained Pseudomonas diminuta as fluorescent- labeled bacteria. In situ, BP was higher in coastal and slope stations than in open sea stations. The percentage of HighDNA bacteria ranged between 25 and 87% and BP between 0.09 and 5.9 µg C l -1 d -1 , lower in the open sea and higher in the slope station of Palamos. Grazing loss rates followed a similar pattern, from 0.2 × 10 5 to 2.2 × 10 5 cells ingested ml -1 d -1 , again lower in the open sea and higher at the coastal station of Palamos. In most of the experiments, BP increased with time following the increase of HighDNA bacteria, while LowDNA bacteria remained practically constant during the whole period. Exponential bacterial growth appeared at 20 to 32 h. Grazing rates were maximal right after the expo- nential bacterial growth (at 32 to 44 h), suggesting that the increase of the HighDNA bacterial fraction in the previous period stimulated grazers to consume it. In both in situ and experimental samples, abun- dance and biomass of HighDNA bacteria were strongly correlated with BP and grazing rates, but no correlation was found between these variables and LowDNA bacterial abundance. Samples with the lowest percentage of HighDNA bacteria also had low BP and grazing rates. Indeed, the dynamics of BP and grazing losses were better related to changes in HighDNA bacteria, providing further evidence that they can be considered as the 'active' fraction of the whole bacterial community.


Recent measurements indicate that the thickness of weak and moderate strength shocks (M < 2) is given accurately by the Navier‐Stokes equations, whereas there is good reason to believe that the bimodal theory of Mott‐Smith is a better description for strong shocks. It is therefore desirable to develop a theory that can account for shock structure at both large and small Mach number. Results of a promising two‐fluid theory by Glansdorff are recomputed and the formulation is criticized. A modified two‐fluid approach is developed, employing moments of the respective Boltzmann equations for each fluid, and employing an intermediate Maxwellian distribution function with a mean flow velocity and temperature at the center of the shock to account for irreversible particle transfer between the two fluids. Numerical solutions for rigid‐sphere and inverse fifth molecules are given, and comparisons with other solutions and experimental data are made. The results are in substantial agreement with requirements at both ...


© 2012 Sattar and Ferdows, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Effects of Hall and Joule Currents and Variable Properties on an Unsteady MHD Laminar Convective Flow Over a Porous Rotating Disk with Viscous Dissipation


We explore the possibility of decelerating and Doppler cooling an ensemble of tree-level $\Lambda$-type atoms by a coherent train of short, non-overlapping laser pulses. We show that $\Lambda$-atoms can be Doppler cooled without additional repumping of the population from the intermediate ground state. We derive analytical expression for the scattering force in the quasi-steady-state regime and analyze its dependence on pulse train parameters. Based on this analysis we propose a method of choosing pulse train parameters to optimize the cooling process.


Objective To prepare complex loratadine sustained released capsules and study the release behavior. Methods The fast-release pellets were prepared by using the extrusion method first,which was used as the core to prepare the sustained-release pellets by coating with Eudragit RS100;the final sustained-release pellets were made by mixing the fast-release pellets and sustained-release pellets at a ratio of 1:3. Results The optimal sustained release behavior was found by mixing the fast-release pellets and sustained-release pellets coated with 14% more materials at a ratio of 1:3. Conclusion The complex loratadine sustained released capsules have a good sustained-release efficiency.