Charophytes are a group of aquatic algae similar to vascular plants; they play an important role in the nutrient cycling of lakes. Specifically, under eutrophication, charophytes have a greater capacity for phosphorus accumulation than vascular plants. During their development, charophytes accumulate calcium within their structures, along with dissolved phosphorus from the water column. The calcified structures are deposited onto the lakebed after the death of the plant, with phosphorus co-precipitating with calcium, limiting its return to the water. Lake Shinji is one of many lakes in Japan where the charophyte population is in decline or extinct. Using aerial photographs acquired 70 years ago, we estimate the extent of the historical charophyte community in Lake Shinji, and quantitatively evaluate and examine the extent to which charophytes accumulated phosphorus in the lake sediment. The amount of phosphorus accumulated by the charophyte community in Lake Shinji is estimated to be 0.56-25.5 t P y -1 . Charophytes are not found in Lake Shinji today, and although various species of vascular plants have recolonised the lake, no significant improvement in water transparency has been observed. This study concludes that charophytes are likely to be a more effective measure in combating eutrophication than vascular plants.


Abstract Objective Coordination is a major challenge in the field of health in disasters, mostly because of the complex nature of health-related activities. Methods This was a qualitative study based on the grounded theory approach. A total of 22 experts in the field of health in disasters participated in the study. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and literature review. The collected data were then analyzed by use of MAXQDA 2010 software (VERBI Software GmbH). Results The lack of a strategic view in the field of health in disasters, a lack of coordination of necessities and infrastructures, insufficient enforcement, a higher priority given to an organizational approach rather than a national approach, and the field of disasters not being a priority in the health system were noted as barriers to inter-organizational coordination. The facilitators of inter-organizational coordination noted were the importance of public participation in the field of health in disasters, having a process and systematic view in the field of health in disasters, the necessity of understanding and managing resources and information in the field of health in disasters, and having a feedback and evaluation system in the health system after disasters. Conclusion It is recommended that developing common beliefs and goals be given priority in making plans and policies in the field of health in disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:318–325)


Abstract : Cofiring of used automotive oil in Navy boilers was examined with regards to used oil regulations and environmental impact. Air dispersion modeling of a boiler cofiring used automotive oil was also performed. Keywords: Lubricating oil; Lead(Metal); Hazardous wastes; Reclaimed fuel oil.


As ExxonMobil announced discovery after discovery offshore Guyana, it sounded easy.
 Beginning with the Liza-1 discovery well, the giant oil company announced 16 successful exploration wells. There were four or five successful wells per year from 2017 through 2019, ending with news of its 16th find in January—pushing its estimated oil in the ground to 8 billion bbl.
 For those who found the oil, the evidence they used to pick those drilling targets was hardly clear cut, and it took more than 90 years to get to that point.
 "In retrospect it wasn't obvious, and that was why it took so long," said Maria Guedez, exploration manager for Guyana and Suriname for ExxonMobil.
 While a timeline of the Guyana project includes "initiated oil and gas exploration activities in Guyana in 2008," the story ExxonMobil presented at the recent AAPG SuperBasins 2020 conference covered exploration starts and stops going back to 1928 by the company's predecessor, Standard Oil Co.
 One slide showed a typewritten report from the 1930s noting the test wells were "salted," giving the impression of a rich reservoir, even though "there is no evidence of oil."
 But ExxonMobil and other oil companies kept coming back. There were dry holes in the 1970s off nearby Suriname—the eastern extension of the play. They saw some positive signs, but the source rock was judged to be not mature enough to fill the conventional oil deposits needed to justify development.
 Finally, in the 1990s ExxonMobil geoscientists looking for new exploration opportunities used what had been learned, plus advanced seismic imaging, a better understanding of the movements of tectonic plates, and some simple analysis to outline a plan that ultimately led to the discovery.
 Guedez showed a picture of a simple chart evaluating the pros and cons of the basin with handwritten notes, and a geologic cross section in which a geologist hand-counted layers in shallow and deep waters to identify the elements of a productive play.
 "New data and technologies often trigger key insights, but you need to ask the right questions," Guedez said. "Sometimes you don't need massive amounts of data to make a difference."
 Executing the concept required developing the ability to drill wells in water 8,000 ft deep and high resolution to seismic that allowed interpreters to see the subtle signs of hydrocarbon-rich stratigraphic traps.
 "The places where you have structure, it was hard [to spot anomalies]. Stratigraphic traps are normally just really difficult to explore. It was going to be difficult to hit without having some sort of high-resolution 3D seismic," Guedez said.
 These anomalies are never easy to spot, but she said that compared to her experience in offshore Africa, signs of traps off Guyana were "remarkably subtle."
 So far, they have hit on 89% of the wells drilled. "Once the eyes of the team got fine-tuned to that, they did a good job spotting them," Guedez said.


r bstract ooth discoloration varies in etiology, appearance, loalization, severity, and adhesion to tooth structure. It an be defined as being extrinsic or intrinsic on the asis of localization and etiology. In this review of the iterature, various causes of tooth discoloration, differnt bleaching materials, and their applications to enddontically treated teeth have been described. In the alking bleach technique the root filling should be ompleted first, and a cervical seal must be established. he bleaching agent should be changed every 3–7 days. he thermocatalytic technique involves placement of a leaching agent in the pulp chamber followed by heat pplication. At the end of each visit the bleaching agent s left in the tooth so that it can function as a walking leach until the next visit. External bleaching of enddontically treated teeth with an in-office technique equires a high concentration gel. It might be a suplement to the walking bleach technique, if the results re not satisfactory after 3– 4 visits. These treatments equire a bonded temporary filling or a bonded resin omposite to seal the access cavity. There is a defiiency of evidence-based science in the literature that ddresses the prognosis of bleached nonvital teeth. herefore, it is important to always be aware of the ossible complications and risks that are associated ith the different bleaching techniques. (J Endod 2008; 4:394 – 407)


Ischemic strokes (IS) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) account for approximately 80% of all strokes and are leading causes of death worldwide. Assessing the risk of recurrence or functional impairment in IS and TIA patients is essential to both acute phase treatment and secondary prevention. Current risk prediction systems that rely on clinical parameters alone without leveraging imaging data have only modest performance. Herein, a deep learning‐based risk prediction system (RPS) is developed to predict the probability of stroke recurrence or disability (i.e., deep‐learning stroke recurrence risk score, SRR score). Then, Kaplan–Meier analysis to evaluate the ability of SRR score to stratify patients at stroke recurrence risk is discussed. Using 15 166 Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR‐III) cases, the RPS's receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.850 for 14 day TIA recurrence prediction and 0.837 for 3 month IS disability prediction are used. Among patients deemed high risk by SRR score, 22.9% and 24.4% of individuals with TIA and IS respectively have stroke recurrence within 1 year, which are significantly higher than the rates in low‐risk individuals. Deep learning‐based RPS can outperform conventional risk scores and has the potential to assist accurate prognostication in stroke patients to optimize management.


Wide range of laboratory and road methods of determining the rolling resistance coefficient impose the need to find an effective way of its estimation. The obtained values of this coefficient differ depending from the assumed calculation model and influence the quality and quantity assessment of cooperation processes between tire and surface. The article presents two experimental methods of determining the rolling resistance coefficient. Road tests were carried out with the use of coast-down and free-rolling method. For each of the road methods the value of the rolling resistance coefficient was determined in three ways. It allowed to compare the selected research methods and calculation methods with the values available in literature.


Objective To search the measures of nosocomial infections prevention and control. Methods We surveyed and analyzed the problems causing the infections in clinical laboratory and proposed the effective strategies.Results Current main problems of nosocomial infection elicited by the laboratory included the management out of place,non-standard operating procedures,self-protection out of place,shortage of hardware facilities and so on. Conclusion The effective strategy against nosocomial infections should concentrate on improving management system, training staffs, raising professional standards and enhancing hardware investment in the laboratory.


In this article I use Edward Sapir's (1924) famous phrase as a theme to explore how Tukanoans of Colombia's Northwest Amazon are learning to change their notions of their own history and culture to achieve a better fit with received wisdom about Indianness. Situated in a highly politicized context, this process involves local and national Indian rights organizations and sympathetic international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). I also briefly address the issue of ethnographic authority—the confrontation between anthropological and native visions of indigenous culture and history. [Northwest Amazon, indigenous mobilizing, identity politics, construction of culture, ethnic nationalism]


In a high power module, a high electrical load may cause electromigration and induce the joule heating, subsequently raising the chip temperature. Temperature excursion in the IGBT chip may produce thermal stress, inducing failure in the metal wire and chip. Those failure modes degrade the reliability of a power module. This study elucidates the coupling behavior of a high power module through electro-thermal coupling analysis and thermo-mechanical analysis. Additionally, the configuration design of an aluminum wire is simulated and implemented. Related design parameters, e.g., wire arrangement position, wire number, wire bonding perimeter and wire height, are studied and the design trend of a metal wire is analysed and suggested as well.


These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 576 (1985) Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-576Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2016-08-08


Ion beam lithography is one of the most promising future lithography technologies. A helium or hydrogen ion beam illuminates a stencil membrane mask and projects the image with 4X reduction to the wafer. The development of stencil masks is considered to be critical for the success of the new technology. Since 1997, within the European Ion Projection Lithography MEDEA (Microelectronic Devices for European Applications) project silicon stencil masks based on a wafer- flow process are developed. They are produced in a conventional wafer line. Six inch SOI (silicon-on-insulator) wafers are patterned with an e-beam wafer writing tool, then trenches are etched by plasma etching. Afterwards, the membrane is etched by wet etch using the SOI-oxide layer as an etch stop. The last step is to add a coating layer, which is sputtered onto the membrane. It protects the mask against ion irradiation damage. For metrology and inspection, methods used for conventional chromium masks as well as new techniques are investigated. Results from placement measurements on the Leica LMS IPRO tool will be presented. Finally, methods for CD measurement, defect inspection, repair and in-situ-cleaning in the stepper will be discussed, including experimental information of first tests.


Introduction: The reported rate of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is 30%-40%. In 2008, the International Expert Committee recommended diabetes diagnosis by HbA1c level ≥6.5%. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of previously undiagnosed DM defined by elevated HbA1c in patients undergoing PCI and its association with 1-year clinical outcomes. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing PCI in a large tertiary teaching hospital were enrolled (2011-2013). HbA1c was measured before angiography. The primary outcome was 1-year Major Adverse Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Event (MACCE) defined as death, stroke, PCI or acute MI. Secondary outcomes included short term mortality. Results: 1313 patients were enrolled (795 with ACS). DM was previously known in 528 (40.2%) patients, 232 (17.7%) had Undiagnosed DM (UDM) based on the HbA1c ≥6.5% and 553 (42.1%) did not have diabetes (Non-DM). In patients with DM HbA1c was 8.0±1.8% as compared 7.6±1.4% in patients UDM...


The paper analyses the question whether promotion of democracy plays an important rol e in India"s forei gn policy as India is perceived as the worl d"s largest democracy. It focusses on how far the securi ty factor has influenced India"s forei gn policy in relati on to i ts democratic advocacy and i ts interest in different forms of governments in different parts of the worl d. Under the Consti tution, the Parliament possessed minimal authori ty in issues of foreign policy which is the domain of the executive. Since the 1990s, the Indian government has been putting more emphasis on economic and development cooperation. On the global level, India is involved with the Community of Democracies and the UN Democracy Fund. This paper is an attempt to el aborate the internati onal dimensi ons of democracy in India"s foreign policy.


Historians have long assumed that there is something paradoxical-or, at least, inconsistent-about the public career of John C. Calhoun. How could one of the leading nationalists during the War of 1812 emerge in the 1820s as a champion of states' rights? What prompted Calhoun to rejoin the Democratic party in the late 1830s following his brief flirtation with the Whigs? Why did Calhoun oppose the Mexican-American War when he had supported the annexation of Texas? To answer these questions, historians have customarily probed Calhoun's character and motives. For Charles M. Wiltse, writing at mid-century, Calhoun was a statesmen dedicated to protecting the rights of an embattled minority. In the 1960s, Gerald M. Capers saw Calhoun as an opportunist determined to win the presidency at all costs, and William W. Freehling portrayed him as a confused thinker out-of-step with the times.' Irving H. Bartlett's major new biography points us in quite a different direction. Fair-minded, thoughtful, and well written, it is the most engaging one-volume biography of this important antebellum statesmen and political theorist to date, and is sure to be widely read by historians and the public-atlarge. Calhoun has been much studied of late, and specialists interested in particular topics will want to supplement Bartlett with a number of recent works, including Merrill D. Peterson's Great Triumvirate: Webster, Clay, and Calhoun (1987); John Niven's John C. Calhoun and the Price of Union (1988); William W. Freehling's Road to Disunion: Secessionists at Bay, 1776-1854 (1990); and Lacy K. Ford, Jr.'s essays on Calhoun's contribution to American political thought.2 Wiltse's magisterial three-volume Calhoun (1944-1951) remains full of insight and wisdom, and has become a classic of American historiography. But for the nonspecialist and the general reader, Bartlett's Calhoun is now the place to begin. Bartlett is no stranger to biography, having already published major works on Wendell Phillips and Daniel Webster. Until now, however, he has written little specifically on the South, the principal exception being a chapter on


One of the most visited attractions in Nagan Raya Regency is the Naga Permai beach area. Beautiful natural panorama makes the Naga Permai beach area has a tourist attraction. The high number of tourists visiting the Naga Permai beach area can have a negative impact in the form of tourism waste in the form of plastic waste which has the potential to reduce the environmental quality and environmental sustainability of the Naga Permai beach area. Tourism waste in the form of plastic waste from tourist activities sourced from tourists and tourism businesses. Purpose This activity is providing socialization. Socializing the importance of managing waste properly, sorting out plastic and non-plastic waste, as well as providing an overview of the consequences that will arise in the future if plastic waste is not controlled, and providing direct examples to the community on how to sort out garbage and exemplify so as not to dispose of waste when traveled. This service will be done using the approach method with the lecture / accompaniment method. While the stages to solve these problems by doing examples of social service. The output obtained is the emergence of awareness and initiative from cafe owners and visitors so as not to litter plastic.


Abstract This research examines variables related to the school achievement of Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal students. Thirty‐five indigenous students and fifty‐eight non‐Aboriginals in Grade eight completed a Coopersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory and the Intellectual Responsibility Questionnaire. These scores, together with information on intellectual ability, school achievement on teacher‐made English and mathematics tests, sex, school and ethnic origin, were entered in a multiple regression equation. No difference between the two groups emerged on scores of self‐esteem and locus of control. However, the predictors of achievement for each group differed significantly. Intellectual ability was the best predictor of achievement for non‐Aboriginals, while locus of control was the most important predictor for the indigenous group. Results are discussed in relation to recent research and classroom implications.


India is one of the countries having the largest road network where majority of the roads are paved with bitumen-based macadamized roads with a thin bituminous surfacing or a premix carpet as a wearing course. Bituminous roads are mainly composed of naturally available aggregates and hot bitumen/asphalt, where aggregate makes up 90-95 percent by weight of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Among the various type of bituminous paving mixes in India, Bituminous Concrete (BC) mix having dense grading specification (as per Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH))has been used as a wearing course in a pavement structure to distribute stresses caused by heavily trafficked loading and to protect underlying unbound layers from the effects of water. Therefore, designing a bituminous mix to meet the desired requirements of a particular paving project requires careful selection of the compatible aggregate source, aggregate gradation and bitumen grade to sustain till its design life. Hence, is important to analyze that how the variation in aggregate gradation within the specified limits can affect the essential mix design properties of bituminous mix. The present study was taken up with the objective of evaluating the properties of HMA mixtures designed using bituminous concrete (BC)1 and 2 gradation. For the preparation of bituminous mixes, three aggregate gradation limits (upper limit, mid-point range and lower limit) for both BC grading 1 and 2 were used and evaluation is doneby using Marshall Method of mix design.By evaluating the volumetric and Marshall properties of the bituminous mixes with different gradations, results indicate that the performance of mixes made with midpoint value of gradation range shows higher Marshasll Stability value than other mixes while the optimum binder content (OBC) increases form coarser gradation to finer gradation for both the grading specifications. However in both the grading specifications, value of void filled with bitumen (VFB) is in the marginal range for upper and lower limit gradation and the value of voids filled with asphalt (VFA) is above the specified minimum value and the overall resultshows satisfactory performance with the variation in aggregate gradation limits. Keywords— Bituminous concrete, Marshall method of mix design, wearing course, hot mix asphalt.


The article traces the progressive abandonment by the International Law Commission in the 1960s and 1970s of a strictly bilateralist conception of the legal relations arising from internationally wrongful acts of a state. This shift towards multilateralism, in contrast to the following period of codification work by the ILC, was limited to the consequences of wrongful acts which injure the fundamental interests of the international community (termed `international crimes` by the ILC) and concerned solely the possibility of countermeasures (or sanctions) being adopted by subjects other than the state directly affected by the wrongful act. The author examines the reasoning which led Special Rapporteur Ago and the other ILC members to this move towards multilateralism and investigates whether this development can be linked to the positions taken by the ILC in the early 1960s regarding the invalidity of treaties contrary to and the suspension/termination of multilateral treaties as a consequence of their breach, where such a shift towards multilateralism had already taken place. jus cogens


Hypericum silenoides Juss. is a plant used by traditional medicine by indigenous communities in southeastern Mexico. Under natural conditions their seeds have two major characteristics; these are dormancy and a very poor germination. In this work, different seed treatments, i.e, calcium hypochlorite, sulfuric acid, giberellic acid and hot water, were applied for 30 min each to break dormancy and enhance germination. Immersion of seeds in calcium hypochlorite resulted in 100% germination. The application of 1.5% sulphuric acid yielded 98% germination, the use of giberellic acid at 100 mg l-1 resulted in 86%. Immersing the seeds in hot water at 40°C and 50°C also increased germination, but no germination was observed after the 60°C treatment. Seed exposure to calcium hypochlorite considered as the best procedure to break dormancy and promote seed germination.


Erbium oxide (Er2O3) and Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) are the promising materials to realize an advanced breeding blanket system because of good electrical resistivity and effective hydrogen permeation suppression. In this report, Er2O3 thin lm fabricated via MOCVD process with the Y2O3 layer formed on SUS316 substrate before and after thermal cycles to investigate the effect of thermal cycling. Their microstructure was con rmed by SEM, AFM, TEM and STEM. The surface morphology of samples after thermal cycling has small granular structure than samples before thermal cycling and without buffer layer. According to cross sectional observation by TEM and STEM, Er2O3 and Y2O3 have different columnar structure, while buffer layer did not avoid diffusing elements from SUS316 substrate to Er2O3 layer. The thermal cycling test had not been affected to the growth direction of Er2O3 and Y2O3 layers, which is mostly cube-cube relationship. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MC201710]


simply gone to the polls themselves. The ANES is a little overwhelming for those uninitiated in the world of statistics, but it remains a valuable resource for people interested in getting a better handle on the circus that is American presidential politics. Visit the site at http://www.electionstudies.org/. Another good source for stats on the election is the Annenberg Public Policy Center (APPC) at the University of Pennsylvania, which conducts a survey (the National Annenberg Election Survey) tracking the political attitudes and traits that voters seek in a presidential candidate. To look at the APPC website and the election survey, check out http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org. And if you haven't already, please read James Steeles and Bob Master s election analyses that appear earlier in this issue of New Labor Forum.


The following list provides citations for 363 scientific contributions, including 13 edited volumes and books, produced by Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn. Naturally, the list presented here is a static representation of Alex's contributions and we look forward to years of his forthcoming publications to our shared science. Thus, this list only encompasses those papers published as of 1 August 2011. We have published it here so as to bring to the attention of colleagues Alex's numerous and multifaceted accomplishments, and why he so richly deserves our admiration. In addition, we believe the following list is the most thorough and accurate accounting of his published scientific activities. Given that many of his works are in his native Russian, we believe this list will serve as a tool for directing interested individuals to English translations, where available.

In elaborating this list we have taken a detailed approach to cataloguing Alex's numerous publications, adopting the philosophy that bibliography is a science of its own and provides an accurate description of a work or contribution to a work (e.g., Gaskell 1972). It is with this philosophy in mind that the list was constructed and how to determine what should, or should not, constitute an individual citation, the appropriate form of citation, etc.

To the best of our ability we have checked article and serial titles, as well as dates of publication and complete citations against original sources, either from the original series or official reprints. In addition, some serials and edited volumes have been checked against library copies at the University of Kansas (Lawrence) or the Library of Congress (Washington DC). Several of Alex's contributions appear in special edited issues of otherwise serial publications. These are cited as they appear in the journal series, with the editors and titles of the special issues following in parentheticals.


Diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients with decreasing in foot sensation will impact on diabetic ulcers.  This study aims to explore the effect of combination between diabetic legs exercise and SPA therapy on foot sensitivity escalation among patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This study used quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design without control group with 17 respondents and recruited by purposive sampling methode. Data were collected from patients with peripheral diabetic neuropathy and had 8 maximum score of foot sensitivity.. Foot sensitivity was measured on the 1 st day of intervention and end day of intervention. Wilcoxon test analysis showed significant differences on foot sensitivity with combination of diabetic legs exercise and SPA therapy compare to diabetic legs exercise only (p value < 0.05). It can be inferred that combination of diabetic legs exercise and SPA therapy are more effective to increase legs sensitivity. Therefore, combined effect of those therapies may eventually decrease diabetic ulcers risk.


Objective To evaluate the curative effect and the mechanism of compound flumetasone ointment on allergic contact dermatitis of mouse model.Methods Forty mouse model that were made by 0.5% DNCB,were randomly divided into 4 groups:the treatment group with compound flumetasone ointment;the treatment group with dexamethasone cream;the control group with cold cream and the blank control group.The histopathological differences of skin after administration were observed,and the level of IL-4 in tissues was detected by ELISA.Results In the compound flumetasone ointment treatment group,the horny layer of the skin became thinner,epidermal thickness restituted,and infiltrated inflammatory cells and the level of IL-4 significantly reduced(P0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of compound flumetasone ointment for treating allergic contact dermatitis is distinct.Its curative effect may be related to its reducing the inflammatory cytokine in the skin lesion.


The microwave surface resistance of crystals of YBa/sub 2/(Cu/sub 1-x/M/sub x/)/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta//, with M being Ni or Zn, has been systematically studied at 34.8 GHz. Both Zn (x=0.0015 and 0.0031) and Ni (x=0.0075 and 0.0140) impurities were found to be capable of lowering the surface resistance, and also substantially altering its temperature dependence. The results suggest that the microwave loss of high temperature superconducting thin films might be improved by slightly doping the material with impurities.<<ETX>>


The Track, Trace & Control (TTC) Systems are utilized in the manufacturing processes to detect the status of the system, analyze its performance and help make intelligent decisions to improve it. These systems are an essential element of the business strategy that helps obtaining competitive advantage through a real-time visibility feature. RFID is an Automated Data Identification and Acquisition System that allows collecting and transferring production and business information. This techno-logy uses radiofrequency waves to transfer the data from an electronic tag (RFDI tag) adhered to an object, through a transceiver (RFID reader) for the purpose of identifying and tracing the object of interest through the manufacturing process. This paper (derived from an in-process academic thesis) introduces to the basics of the RFID technology and applies this knowledge to a complex RFID Application Protocol at a Custom Blind Manufacturing Organization in Mexico .


The problems in discipline construction in universities for nationalities lie in insufficient awareness and deviation in practice.To strengthening discipline construction,it is necessary to renew conceptions,make greater efforts,choose the suitable operating ways,and promote the level of the school to meet the requirements of people in ethnic areas.


In the United States, the most common form of health insurance coverage is through employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) plans. ESI plans cover the workers and their dependents—typically the spouse and children. As a means of increasing young-adult insurance coverage, states and the federal government have enacted "dependent" mandates that expand the definition of a dependent for ESI plans. At the federal level, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) dependent mandate increased the maximum age of an adult child dependent from 18 to 25. In addition to the federal expansion, the majority of states enacted dependent mandates which extended dependent status to children over the age of 18. State mandates commonly required that to be eligible the adult child must be unmarried or a student. Scott Barkowski and Joanne Song McLaughlin (2022) explore the impact of dependent mandates and their restrictions on the marriage outcomes of targeted young adults. To do so, they use variation in dependent mandate timing and eligibility at both the federal and state (including the District of Columbia) levels. Barkowski and McLaughlin's identification strategy hinges on a parallel-trends assumption. Their main model assumes that changes in marriage rates for younger persons affected by state and ACA dependent coverage mandates are the same as those for older persons unaffected. Importantly, treatment is defined by age, state, Discuss this article at Journaltalk: https://journaltalk.net/articles/6067


Based on unsteady N-S equation of three dimensional and compressible viscous fluid,the aerodynamic performance for the fast special container flat wagon at the speed of 160 km/h was calculated numerically by adopting the technology named slippage grid.The results show that the air crossing pressure pulse magnitude of the container generated in the tunnel is 3.46 times that generated in open air when container flat wagon at the speed of 160 km/h passed by EMU moving at the same speed.Both the lateral force and overturning moment of the container train during the crossing induced in open air and tunnel are approximately proportional to the square of running speed of the passing train.The pressure of crossing side and uncrossing side for the container flat wagon is almost equal since the one-dimensional characteristic of pressure distributing induced in the tunnel is not faintish.Consequently,the value of the lateral force and overturning moment of the container train generated in open air is greater than that generated in the tunnel,about 1.1 times.


A preparation method of ultrafine silver powders of high tap density is optimized by orthogonal experiments of chemical reduction method. The d90,d50,d10 and mean diameter of smooth fine globular silver powders with excellent dispersibility is 1.85,0.79,0.34 and 1.11μm,repectively. The average tap density of silver powders is up to 4.5 g/cm3 . The two main factors that may influence the tap density of silver powders are the dosage of deionised water and dispersant in the chemical reduction reactions.


Nowadays,non-educational games have occupied elementary high school students' spare time.On the contrary,educational software saw a obvious setback and far away from them gradually.So many specialist and teachers appeal to introducing educational games into elementary high school education,but they received disappointment.The cause of it is analyzed and the viewpoint,which says that Flash Games is the most appropriate games,is also proposed in the thesis.


The problems of competitiveness of national economy are considered. Modernization is definite as a necessary way of increase of competitiveness of Ukraine. Measures are offered on modernization machine-building complex.


In "Manuscript", Marx analysed the feeling by human nature-a joyous sense from pleasure and interest, happiness and comfort, and to the contrary a sorrowful sense from misfortune, uneasiness and discomfrot, from different psychological states caused by the differences of free labor and dissimilated labor in the social practice.This sense of beauty and sense of counter-beauty are raised in the field of widespread practical behaviors of the human relations. The significances are that they have greatly broken the theory of the narrow-sensed beauty on the basis of art and explored a broad horizon on the study of the theory of sense of beauty, and provided a profound theoretical base for the interpretation of the category of sense of beauty.


Focus groups are use to identify how students perceive their interdisciplinary general education curriculum requirements at a comprehensive university. Although there are several specific findings regarding students' perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of particular curricular offerings, the most important conclusion that can be drawn from the focus groups is that they demonstrated very graphically the instructor 's impact on a course.


Since 2006, Spain has fostered an industrial policy in support of business groups in order to promote the dynamics of innovation at a territorial and sectoral level. This study makes an initial evaluation of the impacts of this policy. The first section describes the scope of the measures in the European context. The second part of the paper discusses the requirements for a business cluster to be considered an innovative agent, as provided by the programme. The criteria for identifying innovative business groups (IBGs), their linkage to the production environment and, likewise, the activities and initiatives pertaining to IBGs are defined in detail. The study concludes with a brief evaluation of the impact of the IBG support programme.


Artisanal fisheries occur all over the tropics and provide an important source of protein and income for many coastal communities. However, varied types and magnitudes of anthropogenic impacts threaten the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural sustainability of this poorly studied fishing practice. This article reviews the scattered literature on tropical artisanal coastal fisheries, identifying key challenges to ensure future sustainability. Despite huge data shortfalls, there is considerable evidence that artisanal fisheries have a significant influence on the distribution and abundance of target and by-catch species, in addition to wider impacts on biodiversity, biomass, assemblage structure, community dynamics, and ecosystem functioning. Despite these immediate and considerable threats, regulation and management of artisanal fisheries are problematic. Local communities in the coastal tropics are frequently very poor, and families frequently rely on fishing for food security and income. Ensuring social and environmental sustainability therefore entails models of governance that are able to adaptively manage these complex socio-ecological systems. Such models are being developed, but it is unclear whether there are sufficient resources and technical capacity to widely implement them before the widespread collapse of fisheries with potentially serious consequences for the communities that rely on them.


This policy brief analyzes evidence relating to the implementation and effects of the supplemental education services (SES) provision of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The SES provision requires school districts to pay the cost of third-party, after-school tutoring services for eligible students. Four areas of analysis in this brief are: • Student eligibility and participation in SES; • Services provided by SES firms; • State and district implementation; and • Impact on student achievement. The data and analyses presented here highlight limitations in the current law and implementation of SES: low participation rates; limited services available for English Language Learners and special education students; and, state and district capacity to implement the law and monitor program quality. Even with improvement in such areas, however, it is unclear how SES might affect academic achievement, because existing research leaves many questions unanswered. Similarly, existing research offers little information about specific conditions that support positive outcomes. To make well-informed decisions in the future, policy makers will require additional empirical evidence. Therefore, it is recommended that policy makers do each of the following. • Redesign the law to address the core problem of local administrators lacking fiscal resources and expertise to successfully administer SES


Childhood undernutrition: Is a novel solution imminent? Undernutrition affecting approximately 200 million under-five children is a prominent public health problem globally (UNICEF, 2019) and is considered a key indicator of child health inequalities (World Health Organization, 1995). Despite heightened efforts in various countries to curb this, the progress remains sluggish in many parts of the world. Among numerous efforts to address undernutrition, composition of gut microbiota is the newest proposition which is touted to address undernutrition by optimizing biological mechanisms of child growth and immunity (Robertson et al, 2020). A recent trial has generated huge interest among public health scientists, programmers and the donor community. We refer to the work of Gehrig et al. (2019). The study, conducted in Bangladesh, unlocks the potential of a novel way of addressing undernutrition in young children by using complementary foods favorable to the growth of healthy gut microbiota.


Chlorosis is a condition of the leaf in which chlorophyll fails to develop normally. BOURCART (1) states that this pathological condition is known as jaundice when caused by want or excess of water, and chlorosis when it is due to lack of iron or potash. An excess of carbonate of lime in the soil, insufficient nourishment, defective condition of the roots, a pathological condition of the whole tree, are some of the many causes which may produce chlorosis. When due to lack of iron, chlorosis has some analogy to the anemia of man. Much has been published on the causes and treatment of chlorosis. No attempt is made to cite all the literature published, but a few citations are given to indicate the extent of its occurrence, and its treatment. BOURCART (1) states that an excess of carbonate of lime is the predominating cause of chlorosis of trees with seed pips, such as the pear, and more especially of the vine. He recommends green vitriol for both trees and vineyards. KELLEY (7) found that an excess of manganese in the soil was responsible for the chlorotic condition of pineapples, as well as some other plants in Hawaii. JOHNSON (6) confirmed KELLEY'S finding and found that chlorotic pineapples were restored to normality by spraying with an iron sulphate solution. WALLACE and MANN (8) found considerable difference in the chemical composition of the ash of chlorotic and normal fruit trees. The percentage of ash in the dry matter, with one exception, was higher in the chlorotic than in the normal leaves. The Chemistry Department of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station (5) associates the chlorosis of trees and shrubs with high calcium carbonate soils even though a considerable amount of iron is present. GILES (3) found that the chlorosis of pineapples in Porto Rico was the result of malnutrition, caused by an excessive amount of calcium carbonate in the soil. GILES and CARRERO (4) report that chlorotic rice plants may be restored to their normal color by spraying with ferrous sulphate. BURGESS and POHLMAN (2), in studying the cause of citrus chlorosis, found that improper irrigation was a factor. Spraying the trees with an iron salt solution did not give beneficial results.


Starting with a view of war as a significant population health problem, this article explores the roles of health workers in relation to violent conflict. Four different roles are identified, defined by goals and values – military, development, humanitarian and peace. In addition, four dimensions of health work are seen as cross-cutting factors influencing health work in violent conflict – whether the health worker is an insider or outsider to the conflict, whether they are oriented to primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of the mortality and morbidity of war, whether they take an individual clinical or a population health approach, and whether they are oriented to policy and whole-sector change or not. This article explores the nature of these roles, the influence of these cross-cutting dimensions, the challenges of each role and finally commonalities and possibilities for cooperation between roles.


For the dissertation project of the Master in Industrial Engineering and Management by the University of Porto, my goal was to analyse and improve picking efficiency at CaetanoBus, S.A.. In an effort to compete in a global market organizations are looking towards finding solutions to attain operational excellence. Internal logistics play a major role within the company. For that reason, companies whose strategy consists on adding value to their product or service end up optimizing their internal logistical processes. On an Industrial company, internal logistics usually includes warehouse management and its material reception flows, storage, and assembly line supply management. At CaetanoBus, S.A. efforts have been made to improve internal logistics' activities having recently changed their warehouse layout expecting to improve the efficiency of its supply methods. Assembly line supply is performed with a variety of methods but this project's focus is on the analysis of the current methods, implementation of suggested improvements, and measuring the impact of this improvements on the end result. In the initial diagnostic, which was partially affected by the layout change made to the warehouse, all picking-related activities were timed and many restraints were identified. Afterwards a full analysis of the data was performed which resulted in improvements on the process being found and implemented. The efficiency increase was attained by drastically reducing the waste caused by frequent interruptions that were detected throughout picking-related activities and that were a critical constraint for the picking process.


CA125 antigen is a mucin-type molecule with a complex protein backbone and oligosaccharide chain structure. In this study, we characterized CA125 antigen from human amniotic fluid by gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, peptide mass fingerprinting and lectin-binding assays. The obtained results indicate CA125 to be structurally heterogeneous, existing in different glycoisoforms with subtle differences in the profile of molecular forms in comparison to placental tissue-derived and cancer-derived CA125 antigen. The complexity of CA125 structure suggests that it can act as a multifunctional molecule. Further investigation is therefore needed in order for the biological meaning of the tissue-specific structural forms to be comprehended fully. .


Approximate Nearest Neighbor(ANN) search has been attracting more attention in recent years. Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) is one of the most promising methods to ANN problem because of its theoretical guarantees and nice empirical performance. It is important to select the appropriate number of hash functions m and collision filtering threshold l to get ANN of a query object. The appropriate parameters can reduce IO cost and improve query accuracy. However, the state-of-the-art LSH method, QALSH employs fixed with a given dataset D and an approximation ratio c. As for various query and different k for KNN problem, the does not change, which would lead to extra IO and decrease accuracy. Deep learning techniques have prominent capability to capture underlying data distributions including outliers. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on deep learning techniques, which can predict for different queries with given parameters including c, k and so on. Firstly, Variational auto-encoder(VAE) is used to transform the original query to a dense representation. Then the given parameters are also embeded to predict . In order to reflect the data distribution of the given dataset, we design a two-stage training strategy. Our experimental result shows the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.


OpenEarthTools contains, apart from a lot of other tools in various programming languages, the probabilistic reliability methods FORM and Monte Carlo. This document aims at describing and providing background information and examples on the FORM and Monte Carlo implementation available in OpenEarthTools.


Here we show the SAVEMEDCOASTS-2 web-based geographic information system (webGIS) that supports land planners and decision makers in considering the ongoing impacts of Relative Sea Level Rise (RSLR) when formulating and prioritizing climate-resilient adaptive pathways for the Mediterranean coasts. The webGIS was developed within the framework of the SAVEMEDCOASTS and SAVEMEDCOASTS-2 projects, funded by the European Union, which respond to the need to protect people and assets from natural disasters along the Mediterranean coasts that are vulnerable to the combined effects of Sea Level Rise (SLR) and Vertical Land Movements (VLM). The geospatial data include available or new high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTM), bathymetric data, rates of VLM, and multi-temporal coastal flooding scenarios for 2030, 2050, and 2100 with respect to 2021, as a consequence of RSLR. The scenarios are derived from the 5th Assessment Report (AR5) provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and encompass different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5) for climate projections. The webGIS reports RSLR scenarios that incorporate the temporary contribution of both the highest astronomical tides (HAT) and storm surges (SS), which intensify risks to the coastal infrastructure, local community, and environment.


This study was carried out to investigate the optimal propagation condition through stem node tissue culture of yam supplemented with concentration levels of growth regulators and activated charcoal in 1 /8MS white media. For shoot induction and plant regeneration from yam stem node tissue wre more effectivein combination of auxin, kinetin and activated charcoal than combination of auxin and kinetin. Shoot induction and plant regeneration were more effective in 1/8 medium suplemented with 1AA and activated charcoal than in white medium, but in case of white medium, Shoot induction and plant regeneration wre effective in culture medium supplemented with NAAa and activated charcoal . Growth status in optimal propagation condition from yam stem node tissue brought the results of multiple plant, elongated plant height and increase in number of leaves and roots, but tissue culture effect by kinds of media in number of multiple plant were more effective in 1 /8MS medium than in white medium.


This mixed methods research design, which was modelled on the constructivist view of schooling, sets out to investigate the effect of developing mathematical problem-solving skills of grade 8 learners on their performance and achievement in mathematics. To develop the mathematical problem-solving skills of the experimental group, a problem-centred teaching and learning environment was created in which problem posing and solving were the key didactic mathematical activity. The effect of the intervention programme on the experimental group was compared with the control group by assessing learners' problem-solving processes, mathematical problem-solving skills, reasoning and cognitive processes, performance and achievement in mathematics. Data were obtained through a mathematical problem-solving skills inventory, direct participant observation and questioning, semi-structured interviews and mathematical tasks. Data analysis was largely done through descriptive analysis and the findings assisted the researchers to make recommendations and suggest areas that could require possible further research.


Despite extensive theoretical \cite{GanterPRL1998, ElliotPRL2001,SchirmacherPRL2007, TanakaNatureM2008, MonacoPNAS2009, MarruzzoSCIRP2013} and experimental studies \cite{ChumakovPRL2011, ChumakovPRL2014, KayaScience2010,KChenPRL2010, LXuPRL2012, BonnPreprint2014}, a longstanding puzzle in condensed matter physics remains regarding the origin and nature of "Boson peak" (BP), where the vibrational density of states (DOS) in glasses possesses an excess of states compared with the crystalline counterpart. Here we show that BP is successfully observed in 2D hexagonal granular packing, where the disorder is due to the force network, i.e. the spatial heterogeneity of elasticity \cite{MarruzzoSCIRP2013}. Using photo-elastic techniques \cite{TrushNature2005}, the disordered particle interaction can be precisely measured to resolve the origin and nature of BP for the first time in a real scenario. We discover the structures of DOS of disordered crystals reminiscent of the corresponding perfect crystals, which is consistent with the recent studies in $SiO_2$\cite{ChumakovPRL2014} and in disordered gels\cite{LorenzoGelPaper2011}, notwithstanding the drastically different systems. Moreover, we propose a mechanism to clarify that BP is not merely a broadened and shifted van Hove singularity \cite{ElliotPRL2001, ChumakovPRL2011} but instead it is due to an interplay of the mesoscopic screening effect and the microscopic elasticity disorder -- causing, respectively, the broadening and the attenuation of the first and the second van Hove singularity. This may lead to an in-depth understanding of BP in structure glasses.


Lipids are the important constituent of the neuronal cell membrane. The role of the serum lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol /HDL-C/, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol /LDL-C/, triglycerides /TG/) in the pathophysiology of the mood disorders is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine serum lipids profiles in patients with major depression, bipolar depression and healthy control. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included medication free female subjects: 41 patients with bipolar disoder (22 in manic and 19 in depressive phase), 34 patients with major depression and 37 healthy controls. Patients were classified according to DSM-IV criteria. Serum lipids levels were determined using standard laboratory tests. RESULTS. Patients with major depression and bipolar disorder in both phases had lower HDL-C levels than healthy controls. Increased TG levels were found in patients with bipolar disorder as compared to healthy subjects. The changes in lipids profiles persisted when data were adjusted for age and smoking. There were no changes in the other lipids levels. The significant differences were found in the ratios of the cholesterol/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C (atherogenic index) among groups. A negative correlation between cholesterol levels and YMRS total score was observed in manic patients. CONCLUSION. The results suggest that low HDL-C levels and the ratios of the cholesterol/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C could be the hallmarks of the affective disorders. Since low HDL-C levels could be a risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease, further investigation of the lipids metabolism in affective disorders is warranted.


0 0 1 107 615 OMU Medical Faculty 5 1 721 14.0 96 Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Calibri;} Cesarean scar pregnancy is the localization of uterine out of the cavity. There is a variety of treatment methods of cesarean scar pregnancy. There is not yet a consensus on treatment of scar pregnancy by using a preferred method. A 28-year-old woman applied to our center with the suspicion of pregnancy. A cesarean scar pregnancy that had fetal heart beats consistent with 6 weeks +2 days was determined in the area of incision line of uterus. Methotrexate was injected to the patient with oocyte pick-up needle under transvaginal ultrasonograph. No complication developed after the procedure. The patient was discharged in good health from the hospital the next day and her b hcg levels turned back to normal level.


We propose and test the hypothesis that overconfident-CEOs, with upwardly-biased estimates of own firm-value, are more predisposed to repurchasing stock. An implication is that the stock-market, recognizing overconfident-CEO behavior, will react less positively to repurchase announcements. The hypothesis is strongly supported: Overconfident managers repurchase stock at lower levels of cash holdings, and respond more to stock-price declines. Entrenchment exacerbates this behavior. Interestingly, institutional investors appear to encourage repurchases, perhaps to curb excessive investment. Overconfident-CEOs are also more likely to substitute repurchases for dividends or capital expenditure. Consistent with our hypothesis, the stock-market reaction to these share repurchase announcements is less positive.


In this paper, we introduce L-continuity degree, L-openness degree, L-closedness degree of mappings between L- fuzzifying topological spaces. Moreover, we show that most of elementary results related to continuous mappings, open mappings, and closed mappings in general topology can be extended to L-fuzzifying topological spaces by means of the graded concepts.


Biodegradable materials are used as alternative implants for orthopedic applications due suitable strength, fatigue resistance, ductility and biocorrosion resistance which are features for biodegradable implants. Mechanical properties can be improved by adding alloying elements. Mg alloys have been designed to meet the requirements of bone repair implant materials by adding Calcium and Yttrium. Usually Ca is added to control corrosion rate of Mg alloys and thinning grain boundaries. The system is defined as Mg-0.5Ca-xY (x=0.5, 1, 1.5), varying the Y concentration in order to slow the degradation process. Beside morphological characterization with SEM, EDX, noninvasive testing is required to be carried out the determination of mechanical characteristics. The paper presents the influence of Yttrium over elastic properties of these alloys in order to choose the best values appropriate with human bones, using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy and ultrasound method.


Purpose: The paper presents evaluation of effect annealing on structure and mechanical properties of ledeburitic ast steel. The paper presents evaluation of influence of grain normalization and the inclination to precipitate the hypereutectoid cementite in Widmannstatten structure in G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel. Design/methodology/approach: The heat treatment has been planned on the basis of CCT diagram prepared for that alloy cast steel. Four temperatures of heat refining have been applied. Basic research of G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel included metallographic analysis and mechanical properties (hardness and impact strength tests). Findings: The evaluation has been carried out for four annealing temperatures, i.e. 850°C, 900°C, 950°C and 1050°C. The test material has been G200CrMoNi4-6-3 hypereutectoid cast steel. At all annealing temperatures in the structure of cast steel the precipitation of hypereutectoid cementite along grain boundaries of former austenite took place. At the temperature of 850°C one may observe the coagulated hypereutectoid cementite precipitates inside of primary grains of austenite. Whereas beginning from the temperature of 900°C the cementite in G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel forms distinct "subgrains" inside of primary grains of austenite. Research limitations/implications: The annealing for four temperature and the new heat treatment of G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel. Practical implications: G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel of ledeburite class is used mainly for rolls production. Any data related to the structure and mechanical properties of that cast steel are precious for the manufacturers and users of the mill rolls. Originality/value: The new heat treatment (annealing) of G200CrMoNi4-6-3 cast steel.


Objective: To observe the change of heart function and clinical effect of elderly patients with refractory heart failure treated by Milrinone. Methods: Based on the routine therapy of heart failure, Milrinone was used to 40 patients in therapeutic group.19 of them were injected Milrinone 2.5 mg in 20 min, then 7.5 mg in 360 min. The maintaining dose of other 11 patients was increased to 12.5 mg.10 mg Milrinone was infused with uniform speed in 360 min in 10 patients. 18 patients in control group were treated with normal saline. Heart function and clinical effect were estimated before and after one course of treatment. Results: After loading dose infusion, CO and CI were significantly improved. In patients with mild heart failure, maintaining dose of 7.5mg can keep the effect, but in patients with severe heart failure,the maintaining dose should be increased to 12.5 mg. CO and CI were improved unstatistically by continuous infusion with even speed. No change was found in control group. After one course of treatment, 1 patient died. The heart function of the remaining was all improved by 1~2 degrees. Conclusion: The usage of Milrinone to elderly patients with refractory heart failure was effective and safe.


The article is devoted to the studying of the relationship between the features of nervous system activity and indicators of lipid metabolism. The main indicators of sows' conditional reflex activity are interrelated and have a significant impact on triacylglycerols content in blood. Correlation between vagotonia and triacylglycerols content in sows' blood was found.


It introduced emphatically the technology of producing special section parts anticorrosive lining of PTFE, which was preformed in strip film and winded into liner. In addition, kinds of thin wall but complex linear parts could be processed through this technology.


The mixing of powders is a long established practice and is undertaken in most industrial applications where powders are handled. The quality of the mixture has a significant impact on the end product; for example the efficacy of Pharmaceuticals or the strength of a sintered metal component. The measurement of the quality of a mixture is not without debate, and many ways of determining 'mixedness' have been proposed. Tomographic techniques have been used extensively to follow process behaviour in dynamic solid/liquid and solid/gas systems, but the evaluation of batch solid/solid blending systems has been under represented. This paper presents some initial tomographic studies to evaluate mixedness in batch blenders with a view to developing comparisons with established techniques for evaluation of blend quality and determination of end point.


Ca2SiO3Cl2∶Eu3+ phosphor was synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction.CaCO3(A.R.),SiO2(A.R.),NH4Cl(A.R.),Li2CO3(A.R.) and Eu2O3(99.99%) were used for starting materials.After these individual materials were blended and grounded thoroughly in an agate mortar,the homogeneous mixture was heated at 850℃ for 3 h,and the phosphor was obtained.The phase present of the samples was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)(D/max-rA,Cu Kα,40kV,40mA,λ=0.15406nm).The excitation and emission spectra of these phosphors were measured by a SHIMADZU RF-540 fluorescence spectrophotometer.The phosphor shows five major emission peaks locating at 582,599,623,655 and 691nm,which correspond to the 5D0→7F0,7F1,7F2,7F3 and 7F4 characteristics transport of Eu3+,respectively.The influence of the concentration of Eu3+ ions to the emission intensity was investigated.Firstly,the intensities increase with increasing Eu3+ concentration,then,decrease because of concentration quenching.It reaches the maximum content of 1% Eu3+,and the concentration self-quenching is the dipole-dipole interaction based on the dexter theory.The emission intensity of Ca2SiO3Cl2∶Eu3+ phosphor was enhanced by doping Li+.The results show that Ca2SiO3Cl2∶Eu3+ phosphor is a promising red phosphor for white light emitting diode(w-LED) based on UV InGaN chip.


, 717 (2014); 344  Science et al. Francesco Riccobono of Atmospheric Particles Oxidation Products of Biogenic Emissions Contribute to Nucleation This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ):  May 18, 2014  www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6185/717.full.html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2014/05/14/344.6185.717.DC1.html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6185/717.full.html#ref-list-1 , 9 of which can be accessed free: cites 68 articles This article http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/atmos Atmospheric Science subject collections: This article appears in the following


The features of classification grounds for systematization of threats unauthorized access to information systems of engineering-technical protection systems are considered.


As the electrolyte abnormalities associated with exocrine glands have been measured and discussed at length. we have confirmed and extended the observed abnormalities in the male reproductive tract in this disease. We have measured the inorganic elemental composition of seminal plasma from five cystic fibrosis (CF) and five control volunteers by X-ray analysis (4). Excluding CI, the concentrations of all elements assayed (Na. Mg, P. S, K, and Ca) were significantly different in the two groups. Immediately after collection. specimens were frozen and stored at -12°C. At the time of analysis, specimens were thawed and centrifuged to separate particulate matter. Microdroplet samples (lo-"' liters) of the ical discontinuity of the vas deferens and aspermia (2). Accordingly. we found that the inorganic composition of the seminal fluid of a known fertile C F subject was remarkedly similar to that of controls (Table I ) . In summary. although the elemental inorganic composition of C F seminal fluid is markedly different from control semen. the differences are well accounted for by assuming that the major component of the fluid is prostate gland secretion. There is little need to assume, as in most exocrine glands in CF. that fluid and electrolyte transport abnormalities are directly responsible for the alterations.


Background: Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by Echinococcus species of Cestode parasite, Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis are the species commonly affecting the humans. It is characterised by slowly growing cyst in visceral organ, commonly involving liver and lungs. Dog is definitive host and human are incidental host. It occurs in livestock like sheep and cattle raising population in world. In India it is more prevalent in states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu and is also endemic in state of Rajasthan. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical picture and different organs involved by Echinococcus parasite. The objective to find out the burden of hydatid cyst disease that has been eradicated in many parts of world,but still prevalent in many developing countries including India. Methods: A retrospective  review of 155 patients suffering from Hydatid cyst disease of different organs was done by collecting data from indoor sheets in Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur admitted from 2010 to 2015 i.e. 6 years. Results: A total of 155 patients with hydatid disease were identified in 6 years from 2010 to 2015. There were 96 male (61.93%) and 59 female (38.06%) patients.  Liver was the most affected organ-98 (62.23%), next was lung         43 (27.74%), rest were other organs.Majority of cases were in third decade-63 (40.64%). Conclusions: Hydatid disease still is problem and burden for the society. It is difficult for the practitioners to diagnose the disease owing to its non-specific clinical presentation and lack of awareness in society about parasite,which otherwise a preventable disease.


There is an increasing need for physicians to handle venous obstructions in pacemaker/implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator implants. Venoplasty performed by an experienced operator is a simple, safe, and fast way to manage this situation and proceed to implant. Compared to other approaches, this strategy may offer particular advantages.


Abstract. The purpose of this study is to draw the attention of the pedagogical community to the comprehension and understanding of the causes and essence of transformations taking place in the field of education of Russia at the present stage. We justified the deterministic nature of changes in the field of education by the peculiarities of building economic relations in the state. The transition of the Russian economy to a market system of relations with private property with means of production predetermined the subsequent transformations in the domestic education system. In the logic of market relations, education is considered as a service that should generate profit. This provision, according to us, is one of the starting points for transformations that have begun in the educational sphere. In the era of the industrial revolution, education became the locomotive for the development of science and technology, which, in turn, contributed to the economic efficiency of production processes, which favorably affected the growth of incomes of owners of industrial capital. Over time, scientific and technological progress, due to objective laws, began to lead to a negative effect for representatives of capital – a decrease in the rate of return. The current situation predetermined the artificial slowdown of scientific and technological progress and led to a review by the political and financial elites of the economically developed countries of the place and role of education in the state system. We considered essential transformations that take place in the domestic education system and gave our vision of the causes that determined these changes.


OBJECTIVE Compare and analyze the prescriptions of different service population of the community health service(CHS) institutions in Chengdu and Shenyang,in order to find out existing problems of number,way and cost of medicine use. METHOD Pick out three days' prescriptions of outpatient internal medicine,paediatrics and general medicine within a week before the survey,among which 1 096 prescriptions in 5 centers in Shenyang,968 in 6 centers in Chengdu,and 302 in 4 service stations in Shenyang. RESULT CHS in Shenyang were more likely to use antibiotics,hormone and intravenous injection,while CHS in Chengdu used more Chinese patent medicine. Poor population for assistance used less antibiotics and hormone,while their cost of prescription was higher than ordinary patients. CONCLUSION Take measures such as separating medicine from pharmacon,reinforcing prescription supervision,increasing residents' awareness of rational medicine use and including the CHS into the urban medical insurance,in order to regulate rational medicine use and control cost of medicine prescription of the CHS.


Abstract: Mycoleptodiscus indicus, a dematiaceous mold, occurs on the leaves of a number of different host plants and has been only recently described as a cause of human infection. Immunosuppressed individuals are at risk for developing infections with opportunistic fungal pathogens, which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. In addition, the treatment of infections caused by these fungi is frequently challenging. We report a case of M. indicus subcutaneous infection in a 51‐year‐old man with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C co‐infection, who had a liver transplant. He developed skin nodules with a sporotrichoid lymphangitic distribution. Histopathology demonstrated unusual fungal elements with angioinvasion. Mycology cultures isolated a dematiaceous mold with the characteristic curved hyaline conidia of M. indicus. Initial treatment involved a combination of amphotericin B lipid complex and voriconazole, followed by monotherapy with voriconazole. The subcutaneous lesions resolved completely after 4 months of antifungal therapy.


Abstract : The two studies reported here were conducted during the check-out phase of an assisted positive pressure breathing system, known as COMBAT EDGE, being developed by the U.S. Air Force. Manned centrifuge tests of the regulator which controls air pressure to the oro-nasal mask and counterpressure vest provided an early opportunity to obtain subjective data concerning systems characteristics from subjects under high-G. Subjects underwent four different high-G profiles: 1) +9Gz maximum (onset rate=0.1G/sec), 2) +5Gz maximum (onset rate=0.5 G/sec), 3) +7Gz maximum (onset rate=0.5 G/sec) and 4) +9Gz maximum (onset rate=0.5 G/sec). Onset of pressure to the mask and vest occurred at +4Gz with a rate of 12 mmHg/g. Maximum pressure was 60 mmHg at +9Gz. Subjects' reports of body pain mostly concerned the elbows and arms, followed by leg, ear, buttock, facial and rib pain. Subjects also reported that the M-1 and L-1 straining maneuvers were not needed as frequently with the COMBAT EDGE system. Tensing of the leg/buttock area was sufficient to counteract the effects of high-G.


tact is involved and the transmitted power levels are low. However, this same principle Traction drives are amonq the simplest of can be harnessed in the construction of an oilall speed chanoing mechanisms. Although they lubricated, all steel component transmission have been in industrialuse for n_re than which C_n carryhundreds rf horsepower using tO years, their operatlnq characteristics and today's technology. In fact, oil-lubricated performance capabilities are not widely known, traction drives have been in industrialservice This paper briefly traces their technical eveas speed regulators for mere than 50 years. lution from early uses as maln transmissions Despite this, the Concept of transmitting power in a,tomeblles at the turn of the century to via traction IS not widely known or understood. modern, high-powered traction drives capable of Although traction drives have been availtransmittinghundred_ of horsepower. Recent able for som time (2-6) It is perhaps since advances in technoloqy are described which the mid lg60's or so that they have been conPnable today's traction drive to be a serious sldered serious com&)etltorsto conventional candidate for off-hlqhway vehicles and hellmechanical power transmissions. The earlier copter applications. Improvenx, nts in matedrives, partlcularly those targeted for autom_rlals,traction fluids, design techniaues, tive applications, had their share of durapower loss and llfe prediction methods will be bility _roblems above nominal power levels. highlighted. Performance characteristics of As a Conseouence, relatively few succeeded In the Nasvytls fixed-ratlo drlve are given, the market place. The underlying reason for Promising future drive applications, such as zT'iswas that certain critical pieces of techhelicoptermain transmissions and serve-control noluoy were generally lacking. Designs were positioning mechanisms are also addressed, based on mostly trial and error. No uniform failure theories were available to establish service life or rellabillty ratings. The drive materials of the day were crude by today's FRICTION WHEELS OF UNEOI_L DIAMETER were one of standards, In short, traction drives were In the earliest speed changing mechanisms. It is their technical infancy. ;peculated that their use even predates that of Pronq_ted by the research for more effteartng "toothed" wheelst whose beginnings date ctent automotive transmissions and bolstered by ack to the ttme of Archimedes, circa 250 B.C. advancements made to rolling-element bearing l). Even today, friction drives may be found technology, tr:erest in traction drives has n eoutpment _ere a simple and economical been renewed. Today's analytical tools, matesol,,.inn to speed requlatton ts reoutred, rials, and traction fluids are far superior to ; Phonograph drives, self-propelled lam_overs, tho,_ available prior to the 19705. This has or even the amusemnt park rtde driven by a led to the re-emegeoce of tractlun drives ;nd rubber tire ape a few of the mere comon the technology related to their design, exomples. In these examples, simple dry conIt ts the intent of thts review to discuss tht basic principles of these traction drt'/es and to trice the evolution of their tech-_logy, _'_in parentheses designate referin a ltmtted sense, from thetr early develop" ence_ at end of paper, mona to the efforts underway today. ,,


A model for thermionically induced breakdown is developed which predicts the voltage levels experienced in low-voltage discharges. Initially, electron emission across an active discharge minigap must be established. Prior to breakdown, emitted electrons populate the cathode space-charge region and the remaining gap is unionized. Breakdown criteria and a means for estimating the reduced breakdown voltage in the bulk gas are derived in terms of conventional Townsend ionization mechanisms, wherein multistep or cumulative ionization must be active. Since the cathode space-charge region is replete with emitted electrons, positive ions traversing it release to the bulk gas considerably more electrons than would be available with the conventional Townsend /spl gamma/ mechanism at the cathode surface. This equivalently higher /spl gamma/ significantly shifts the Paschen curve toward lower minima. One practical thermionic assisting device is a tungsten light-bulb-grade filament, which shunts the primary discharge electrodes and, within the filament's minigaps, breakdown occurs. Thermionic arc breakdown has been implemented in the starting of arc devices for lamps and in thermionic power converters; an application to ionization chambers in electrostatic thrusters is also discussed.


The present invention discloses a Cassegrain metamaterial antenna, comprising a rotary paraboloid, feed, and metamaterial hyperboloid, the feed for transmitting electromagnetic waves; the material is placed over the real hyperboloid focal point of the base material and a metamaterial on a substrate composed of a plurality of artificial microstructures, for an electromagnetic wave to the scattering hyperboloid; virtual focal point of the focal point of the hyperboloid rotary paraboloid coincides for the re-reflected wave scattered back to the rotary paraboloid; said rotary paraboloid for an electromagnetic wave reflected back to the wave plane in a manner directed to the transmission space. Cassegrain metamaterial antenna according to the invention the electromagnetic waves emitted by the meta-material feed through scattering to a certain angle according to a hyperboloid, is reflected by the rotating hyperboloid to the parabolic antenna, so that its feed bracket effect on the antenna radiation would be largely eliminated.


The following information was obtained from the Budget Speech delivered by the Minister of Finance on 22 February 2012. As such, these are only tax proposals and have not yet been enacted. Please visit www.treasury.gov.za for more Budget-related documentation.


With the emerging demands for local area services of popular content downloading, D2D communication is recognized as a promising technical support for cellular networks. In this work, we propose a social-aware content downloading mode selection scheme, which involves a novel mode, named MD2D, by collaborating multiple available D2D links. In particular, we construct a social-aware evaluation framework, which understands the interplay between physical transmission property and social networking characteristics for defining the performance metric with respect to the downloading mode selection. Accordingly, we formulate the social-aware content downloading mode selection problem based on the combinatorial auctions. By exploring the submodular approximation of this problem, we design a social-aware mode selection algorithm. We demonstrate that the solution achieves incentives for content contribution and resistance to misbehaving potential content providers, and also derive a theoretic upper bound of the corresponding performance loss.


The coil to helix conformational transitions undergone by poly‐γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate in solutions of haloacetic acids and various cosolvents were studied by means of proton magnetic resonance. The results indicate a very small solvent dependence of the α‐CH Helix–coil chemical shift difference. The helical stabilities of PBLG in different solvent mixtures were interpreted in terms of modifications of the "solvent structure."


Background and Purpose: Although transcranial Doppler (TCD) is useful for evaluation and treatment of ischemic stroke, temporal acoustic window failure (TAWF) limits its application. We performed this study to reveal whether initial brain CT of acute stroke patients predicted TAWF.


It is common to make use of suitable plant and energy simulation programs, like TRNSYS (SEL 2000) or EnergyPlus (DOE 2008), to build up heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) problems for in-depth study. Optimization is a useful approach to find out the suitable parameters for system design and energy management of HVAC systems. It is ineffective to use traditional optimization methods if the derivative information is not available. Among a variety of heuristic optimization methods, the evolutionary algorithm is suitable to handle such problems. In order to determine reliable results with a limited number of function calls, a robust evolutionary algorithm (REA) based on the paradigm of evolution strategy instead of the popular genetic algorithm can effectively and efficiently search the optimal solution for HVAC problems. The REA can be applied to other engineering problems of a similar nature, as well.


The basic concept of this paper is to relate how state government become involved in transportation for the elderly and handicapped, what has been accomplished since its involvement, and the plans for future involvement. Texas involvement began with a study of the problem entitled Elderly and Handicapped Transportation in Texas--Defining the Problem published by this Department in February, 1976. The primary purpose of this document was to bring attention to the problem in Texas and to serve as a reference manual for local and area planners. Our study of the problem combined with our involvement in the two grant programs enabled the Department to become aware of the need for more information on the status of public transportation in Texas. This Department in cooperation with two other state agencies conducted a transportation provider inventory and survey to gain this additional information. The results of this survey indicated the need for coordination and consolidation of human services transportation providers to avoid duplication of service. In response to this need, a Resource Advisory Group for Human Services Transportation in Texas has been organized by eight state agencies and two educational organizations.


An initial search using the term patellofemoral yielded 362 "hits." Following cross-referencing, this was reduced to 168 articles. These 168 articles were subjected to a content analysis, which revealed that 67 (40%) were review articles. The 101 primary research articles were reviewed, and the results are presented here; the articles represented the full spectrum of quality. One of the most surprising findings was how few patient-based data emerged, with only 1793 patients having been studied. Most research was conducted in the fields of anatomy and biomechanics, muscle parameters, and taping. The least researched fields were outcome measures, proprioception, and pain.


INTRODUCTION Brazil has been suffering in recent decades a change in its age social structure. The Brazilian population is aging at an accelerated pace. According to the Law No. 8,842 in January 4th, the year 1994 is considered older for purposes of this law, people over sixty years old. According to the IBGE in 2002, Brazil had 16,022,231 people over sixty years old representing 9.3% of the population according to their projections and the elderly in 2020 will reach 25 million that will make up 11.4% of the population. In 2030 it is believed that 40% of Brazilians will have ages between 30 and 60 years old. According to Duarte (2006, p. 9) in 2050, the number of seniors in advanced old age (equal to or greater than 80 years) will surpass that of children under four years old. This phenomenon occurs because of the low birth rate due to the increasingly widespread number for the Brazilian population, economic factors and the higher educational levels of the population over the previous decade contraception. These facts associated with medical advances and technological development has provided an increase in life expectancy of the population. The significant fact increases in the number of elderly in the population makes it important to consider the phenomenon of aging from different perspectives (Farinatti, 2013 p. 127). Aging, natural process of human life brings with it numerous motor, metabolic and psychological changes, these changes directly affect the style and quality of life. For Alves (2009, p. 77) The limitations of motion due to the decreased range of motion, reduced flexibility, muscle strength, particularly of the lower limbs (main determinant of household accidents such as falls), the impairment of cardiorespiratory functions, loss of bone mineral density (osteoporosis triggering factor) lead a dependent on your daily routine and low quality of life due to reduced capacity and functional autonomy old age. The effects of aging on physical fitness and functional capacity have been well described in the scientific literature (PARAHYBA et al, 2005;. MCGUIRE et al, 2007) apud (MATSUDO, 2009). Functional capacity is defined as the physical and mental ability of the individual to maintain their autonomy and independence in their activities of daily living. The reduction in functional capacity is common in the aging process, making life restricted and dependent elderly in relation to their daily actions, making limited their quality of life and participation in society. Thus we seek to trace the profile and functional capacity of older Triumph city – PE state. The study was conducted at the Centre for Tourism and Leisure SESC in Triunfo city – PE state. The city is located in the hinterland of Pajeú to 410 km from the capital Recife city. The city has just over 15.280 thousands inhabitants according to the 2010 IBGE.


Background: Catheter ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is a promising treatment strategy. We tested the hypothesis that CFAE ablation is superior to linear ablation in patients with persistent or long‐standing persistent AF.


Nation's common psychological features are the inner reflection and response of national culture and national customs.Formation and development of psychological features are supported by national cultures.It will go nowhere without culture as precondition.So the protection,heritage and development remain as important that it even matters to the completion both to China and the world's culture.


In this study, the porothermoelastic problem with the effect of the magnetic field and initial stress was investigated. We applied normal mode analysis to solve the resulting non-dimensional coupled equations. Numerical results for the displacements, temperature distribution, pore pressure, stresses, induced electric field and induced magnetic field distributions are presented graphically and discussed. The medium deformed because of thermal shock and due to the application of the magnetic field, there result an induced magnetic and an induced electric field in the medium. Numerical analyses are given graphically on the square (2D) and cubic (3D) domains to illustrate the effects of the porosity parameter, magnetic field and
initial stress parameter on the physical variables.


ABSTRACT Application blanks being used as pre-employment screening selection devices in public schools were studied to determine compliance with federal legislative guidelines (i.e., the 1972 Equal Employment Opportunities Act) and to assess personnel selection activities. Over 200 application blanks from 65 school districts from northeastern states were coded and classified. Remnants of bias were found in the standardized application blarks. Illegal requests for background information violating equal employment opportunity guidelines were found in 51.7% of the professional and 59.7% of the non-professional application blanks. A sex bias was not readily apparent in this sample of application blanks. Relevance of the data collected should be the ma4or criterion in designing application blanks. Compliance with guidelines to avoid discrimination is necessary. (SLD)


Dipolar particles in an elongated trap are expected to undergo a quantum phase transition from a linear to a zigzag structure with decreasing transverse confinement. We derive the low energy effective theory of the transition showing that in presence of quantum fluctuations the Zigzag phase can be characterized by a long ranged string order, while the local Ising correlations decay as a power law. This is also confirmed using DMRG calculations on a microscopic model. The non local order in the bulk gives rise to zero energy states localized at the interface between the ordered and disordered phases. Such an interface naturally arises when the particles are subject to a weak harmonic confinement along the tube axis. We compute the signature of the edge states in the single particle tunneling spectra pointing to differences between a system with bosonic versus fermionic particles. Finally we asses the magnitude of the relevant quantum fluctuations in realistic systems of dipolar particles, including ultracold polar molecules as well as alkali atoms weakly dressed by a Rydberg excitation.


Abstract One third of children assessed when they were ages 6-11 were reassessed at ages 12-17. The relationship of the cognitive development of these youths to their categorization at ages 6-11 along the dimensions of attentiveness, hyperactivity, and aggressivity was examined. Control for initial level of cognitive performance was incorporated with controls for family context. Results demonstrated a continuing effect of below average attentiveness at the younger age on the youth's cognitive development as defined by WISC Vocabulary and Block Design subtests and WRAT Reading and Arithmetic subtests administered at the latter age. Neither hyperactivity nor aggressivity was associated with differences in cognitive development.


Identification of O‐phosphorylated amino acids within the primary structure of regulatory proteins is important in understanding the mechanisms by which their functions are regulated. In many cases radioactive labeling with [32P]phosphate is tedious or sometimes impossible. Therefore, we have established a series of new non‐radioactive methods that permit the localization of phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, and phosphotyrosine. After partial hydrolysis of a phosphopeptide or phosphoprotein, phosphoserine, phosphothreonine, or phosphotyrosine are determined by capillary electrophoresis as their dabsyl‐derivatives. Chemical modification transforms phosphoserine or phosphothreonine to S‐ethylcysteine or β‐methyl‐S‐ethyl‐cysteine, respectively, allowing their localization during sequence analysis. We apply solid‐phase sequencing to overcome the limitations of the gas‐phase sequenator in the case of phosphotyrosinecontaining peptides. Liquid chromatography on‐line connected to an electrospray mass spectrometer is a powerful new method of increasing importance in the protein chemistry field. It is especially well suited for identification of phosphoserine‐ or phosphothreonine‐containing peptides in a proteolytic digest of a phosphoprotein. In this article we will describe how to work with these new methods practically.—Meyer, H. E., Eisermann, B., Heber, M., Hoffmann‐Posorske, E., Korte, H., Weigt, C., Wegner, A., Hutton, T., Donella‐Deana, A., Perich, J. W. Strategies for nonradioactive methods in the localization of phosphorylated amino acids in proteins. FASEB J. 7: 776‐782; 1993.


The spontaneous emission spectrum from a four-level atom in a double-band photonic crystal has been investigated. We use the model which assumes three atomic transitions. One of the transitions interacts with the free vacuum modes and the other two transitions couple to the modes of the isotropic photonic band gap (PBG), the anisotropic PBG and another free vacuum. The effects of the fine structure of the lower levels on the spontaneous emission spectrum of an atom are investigated in detail in the three cases. New features of four (two) transparencies with two (one) spontaneous emission peaks, resulting from the fine structure of the lower levels of an atom, are predicted in the case of isotropic PBG modes.


The mechanical properties of friction stir processed Al/Ti composite plates were investigated through mechanical property and micro-hardness test. The welding speed is 60 mm/min. The tool rotational speed is in the range of 1200-1800 r/min. The plunge depth is in the range of 0-0.5 mm. The influence of friction stir process parameters to the mechanical properties of Al/Ti composite plates are analyzed.


A 65-year-old woman presented with 1 year of slowly progressive dysphagia. She had a history of right frontoparietal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treated with embolization and radiation 15 years previously, with residual left hemiparesis and well-controlled seizures. Imaging revealed progression of her AVM with dilated vessels in the bilateral frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes as well as the cerebellum bilaterally. Additionally, dilated vessels were seen in the brain stem (Figure 1). Swallowing evaluation under fluoroscopy demonstrated oropharyngeal dysphagia with a delayed pharyngeal swallow reflex and reduced laryngeal elevation consistent with bulbar dysphagia, attributed to progressive medullary involvement of the AVM. Declaration of Conflicting Interests


Actinidia chinensis of'Wudang-1'and'Hongyang'were used as test material,by using static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),the aroma components of'Wudang-1'and'Hongyang'were measured.Aroma composition of early actinidiachinensis on'Wudang-1'were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis on precocious breeding kiwi flavor of Actinidia chinensis.The results showed that there were 119 aroma components on'Wudang-1'and'Hongyang'in three periods during cold storage.During different aroma on 'Wudang-1'kiwifruit,ester content changed little,aldehydes increased,ketones and alcohols content decreased.The first four aroma components effecting'Wudang-1'kiwifruit were(E)-2-Hexenal,Hexanal,(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol,Nonanal.This study could provide the basis for a precocious breeding Actinidia chinensis.


'Traditional Occupation' is the one, which a person acquires or inherits from his parents and passes it on to the next generation. Gross body size and other morphological characteristics of a person involved in such type of occupations provide clues regarding the developmental adaptations these people have undergone in response to variety of work factors or stresses. Present study has been conducted on one of the traditional occupational group of Punjab, the Blacksmiths. A total of 200 adult males ranging in age from 30 to 40 years were measured for various anthropometric measurements of upper limb, lower limb and trunk region on both right as well as left sides of the body with a view to assess their proportionality profiles and body asymmetry. Findings of the study indicate that Blacksmiths have balanced endomorph type (4.55-3.39-2.99) of body physique and shows maximum bilateral asymmetry in the upper region of the body and direction of asymmetry is towards right side.


The article is a general description of the social conditions of San Antonio de las Huertas, a Mazahua community in the western part of the State of Mexico and of aspects of some of its traditions. It contains a description of the religious and political cargos and suggests that these cargos constitute the framework of the social project of the community, in spite of the fact that its economic base is to be found in the modern world: the huge majority of the community's inhabitants earn their living as salaried workers in Mexico City and other urban centers.


The trailing edge cap (50) for a blade (24) includes a body (52) configured to be mounted on at least two blades, which have at least different size or shape, so that the body at least partially covers an original trailing edge portion (46) of the blade. The body has a body edge portion (54) for forming a new trailing edge portion of the blade when the body is mounted on the blade.


When Canada already has a set of well- established legal enforcement and investor protection mechanism to control earnings management; and the quality of Canadian GAAP is high, I examine if the accounting quality for Canada can still be improved since its adoption of IFRS mandatorily in 2011. The extant literature argues that IFRS adoption benefits firms domiciled in countries with strong legal and financial institutions. However, when the quality of IFRS is as good as the local standards for many Anglo-Saxon countries such as Canada, it is questionable if these countries can still receive substantial economic consequences. Following the literature, I estimate a set of comprehensive measurements of earnings management as the proxies of accounting quality. Empirically, I document evidence that the results are mixed: while discretionary accruals have been improved, but not for Manage Earnings Towards Target (METT) and Timely Loss Recognition. Besides accounting standards, I also find that firms issuing more equities are motivated to associate with lower earnings quality. In addition, firms engaging in two distinct strategic directions (prospector vs. defender) have systemically dissimilar effects on earnings quality in IFRS adoption. Finally, I document evidence that firm value following IFRS adoption has been increased, but at the expense of lower accounting quality. Overall, my study shed some lights into the literature that accounting standards per se implemented in strong institutional setting is not sufficient to ensure a higher level of accounting quality; and firm-level earnings management motives are important factors too.