Nuclear power production in France, as the domain of one national utility and one reactor builder, has a standardized profile of technical installations, safety procedures, and personnel qualifications. Despite this relative homogeneity, discrepancies are observed from one production unit to another, notably in the area of worker-safety performance. There is a strong implication for risk analysis: varying performance cannot be attributed solely to the technical dimensions of equipment, procedures, and human skills. The authors retain as a working hypothesis that safety performance is an outcome of interactions between technical and organizational factors. Traditional risk analysis appears to be underequipped to represent such interactions. The notion of decentralized risk analysis (DRA) is introduced as a means of achieving this goal. A program of applied research carried out in a NPP facility is presented. It aims at increasing, across plant work structure, knowledge and control of these interactions specific to the given context. Systematic measurements and feedback of social representations are performed, using a three-dimensional factor space of individual and organizational values. Direct involvement of the total plant population, transfer of analytic tools, methodological continuity, interactive elaboration of data, coordination of different levels of findings with operations, follow-up and feedback of measured change, are the main features of this DRA process. In the case cited, improvement observed in safety performance parallels changes in measured social representations. The value of DRA for articulating technical and organizational dimensions of risk, and for integrating information into decision-making, is argued.


This paper develops a modified and a fully modified OLS estimator for a panel of cointegrating polynomial regressions, i.e. regressions that include an integrated process and its powers as explanatory variables. The stationary errors are allowed to be serially correlated and the regressors are allowed to be endogenous and we allow for individual and time fixed effects. Inspired by Phillips and Moon (1999) we consider a cross-sectional i.i.d. random linear process framework. The modified OLS estimator utilizes the large cross-sectional dimension that allows to consistently estimate and subtract an additive bias term without the need to also transform the dependent variable as required in fully modified OLS estimation. Both developed estimators have zero mean Gaussian limiting distributions and thus allow for standard asymptotic inference. Our illustrative application indicates that the developed methods are a potentially useful addition to not least the environmental Kuznets curve literature's toolkit. JEL Classification: C13, C23, Q20


An OLED device adapted to enhance reliability and light-emitting efficiency is disclosed. The disclosed OLED device includes: a first electrode; an emission layer formed on the first electrode; a second electrode formed on the emission layer; and an electron injection layer disposed on the emission layer, configure to be in contact with the second electrode and in a single layer which is formed from a mixture of an inorganic compound and a metal material with a low work function.


The synthesis of 2-ethylbiphenylene and its reactions with electrophiles are described. Monoacetylation and mononitration occur at positions 3, 6, and 7, and diacetylation occurs at positions 3 and 6, as well as at 3 and 7. Dibromination likewise occurs at positions 3 and 6, and 3 and 7 to give an inseparable mixture. 2,6- and 2,7-Diethyl-,2,3,6-triethyl-, and 2,3,6,7-tetraethyl-biphenylene have been prepared and some of their reactions are described.


Engines able to burn residual fuel were fed with all the liquid oil fuels, except the ones containing additives giving an octane index above 100. In this case, it was necessary to burn them with a controlled ignition cycle, that is to say a gas engine or an engine burning fuel easy to volatilize. The technological solutions of the use of these fuels are summarized.


In this paper, we studied the consensus problem for high-order multi-agent systems with time delay. In the systems, each node can be controlled by adjusting its position, velocity and acceleration states. There was a globally reachable node exists in the model. To make the system achieve a globally asymptotic consensus, we designed a appropriate control law for each node. In addition, we verified the control protocol with time delay is sufficient and necessary for directed topology based on the Method of Disc Theorem. Finally, numerical examples illustrated the validity of the theoretical results.


RCN MEMBERS have agreed to a £ 16 rise in their annual subscription rates, but rejected a move to increase them even further. In 2001 the fee will rise to £140 per year, or£109.20 after tax relief.


The aim of this research is to identify the components and practices of university social responsibility (USR) – a concept based on corporate social responsibility - and its impact on development and sustainability. Here, it is necessary to develop a new perception of universities, in which we learn, develop and act. This work results from an exploratory approach based on a literature review and observations at Qassim University. The first stage of this research will adopt a qualitative approach, to identify and understand how USR is defined by the university community. The main goal of this stage is the development of items which will be used to measure USR at Qassim University. The second stage is a quantitative approach applied through administration of a questionnaire. A hypothesis test is elaborated by LISREL 8.52 according to a structural equation model (SEM) in which corporate social responsibility is considered a mediating variable between development and sustainability. From this research, a critical path for USR can be defined based on practices. We will also be able to recommend a pathway for sustainable development based on USR.


A photoperiod/thermo-sensitive male sterile line, named Huiyou50S, was developed from a spontaneous semi-sterile plant found in Brassica napus cultivar Huiyou50. The male sterility of Huiyou50S was controlled by recessive nuclear genes. Huiyou50S presents male sterile under high temperature and long photoperiod condition, and fertility under low temperature and short photoperiod. The cytological characters of pollen and the anther development of Huiyou50S at the different stages were compared with its near isogenic line Huiyou50F, which is the male fertile sibling, by techniques including semi-thin sections, scan electronic microscopy, pollen grains staining with aceto-carmine, and whole anther clearing with methyl salicylate. The result indicated that the anther development of Huiyou50S was similar to that of Huiyou50F from sporogenous cell, pollen mother cell, meiosis, to tetrad stage. At the uni-nucleate stage, although the exine formed, the protoplast of microspores condensed, and the cell became empty. At last all cellular content of pollen degraded completely and only the empty and distorted shell remained. The tapetum development of Huiyou50S was similar to that of Huiyou50F up to tetrad stage, but its tapetal cells rapidly disintegrated at the uni-nucleate stage, which occurred earlier than that in Huiyou50F, while the tapetum of Huiyou50F did not degenerate at this stage. In conclusion, the microspores of Huiyou50S abort mainly at the uni-nucleate stage, and there are some associations between pollen abortion and tapetal cells' disintegration. This result is helpful to classification and utility of photoperiod/thermo- sensitive genic male sterility.


Abstract At a CCETSW workshop external assessors and examiners looked at the contribution they could make to promoting anti-racist practice.


Let be a function that assigns a real number (P ) 0 to any point set P in R d ; for example, (P ) can be the diameter or radius of the smallest enclosing ball of P . Let S be a set of n points in R d . We consider the problem of storing S in a data structure, such that for any query rectangle Q, we can eciently compute an approximation to the value (S\Q). Our solutions are obtained by combining range-searching techniques with coresets.


Mrs Blue's eyes sparkled whenever she skewered some stupidity or pomposity from her headquarters at the Ward Clerk's desk, Ward 35, Men's Medicine. She saw all, heard all, and knew all that went on at Cook County Hospital. As I worked my way up the ladder from nurse technician to junior medical clerk, senior medical clerk to intern, medical resident to renal team member, and finally fellow in hematology, my triumphs and woes were often shared with Mrs Blue, bringing from her very thoughtful and appreciated comments. One fine day near the end of my years of medical apprenticeship, looking forward and upward, I said to her, "Well, there's just one thing left for me." "Yes," she replied gently, "you've got to come back as a patient some time."


The descriptive format of HPLC columns used to be unambiguous. The length and diameter of the cylindrical tube containing the bed specified the column dimensions, while the shape and diameter of the particle, its pore diameter and surface area adequately described the stationary phase. New developments including rectangular shaped columns and, in particular, monolithic stationary phases, mandate a new look at dimensions and morphology describing the separation column. This article aims to discuss trends and changes in HPLC column format.


In this paper we study tests designed to detect outliers in random samples from the logistic distribution. We will look at tests designed to detect a single outlier as well as block tests for multiple outliers. For all of the tests under consideration, we will simulate the critical points. We will then compare the performance of the various test statistics on the basis of certain power criteria. Finally, we present two examples to illustrate all the tests discussed in this paper.


ABSTRACT The algebra of using the 4 × 4 system matrix for astigmatic systems is further simplified by rearranging the system matrix elements, and then dividing the system matrix into four 2 × 2 blocks. The resulting matrix equations have exactly the same algebraic form as the equations for a spherical lens system and the derivations of matrix equations for astigmatic systems become functionally as simple as the derivations for spherical optical systems.


TThe Soda-AQ pulping process of Achnatherum Splendens and OPP bleaching response were introduced in this paper.The different dosages of sodium hydroxide in Soda-AQ process for Achnatherum Splendens were investigated.The results show that 12% sodium hydroxide is optimum NaOH dosage,with the obtained pulp having 50.5% pulp yield,17.0 Kappa number,38.0% ISO brightness.OPP bleaching process can be applied to obtain the pulp with 76.0%ISO brightness,50.4N.m/g tensile index,5.36mN.m2/g tear index,which can be composed to produce high quality fine paper grades.


: The low power wireless sensor networks need both security and efficiency to collect sensitive data from various nodes.. Data fusion nodes fuse the collected data from nearby sensor nodes before they sent to the base station. If a fusion node is compromised, then the base station cannot ensure the correctness of the fusion data. Several methods are proposed, that deal with providing an assured data transfer to the base Station. In this paper, a novel power-efficient data fusion assurance scheme has been proposed using silent negative voting mechanism. The proposed scheme has been compared with witness based fusion assurance scheme as well as the direct voting based fusion assurance scheme. The proposed scheme has produced very good impact with better power efficiency and lower network overhead.


Based on high temperature data of Wudu District from 1971 to 2010, annual mean high-temperature days in Wudu District were concluded as 21, concentrating in May, June, July, August and September. From the perspective of annual variation, high-temperature days in Wudu District show an increasing trend. Combined with population, GDP, arable land ratio and GIS techniques, level and disastrous consequences of high temperature in Wudu District were found declining with the raising elevation. Specifically, valleys in such low hilly areas with an elevation below 1 100 m as the Bailong River basin and southeast Wudu had the highest risk level and worst disastrous consequences, while mountainous areas with an elevation above 1 600 m had the lowest risk level and least disastrous consequences, and these areas had no high-temperature days in most of the study years.


It has long been observed that the occurrence and treatment of tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, Babesiosis, TBE (tick-borne encephalitis), or HGA (human granulocytic anaplasmosis) are matters of growing concerns. The difficulties concerning their diagnosis and treatment still persist despite the significant progress of medical science. Due to the scant knowledge of and lack of access to adequate diagnostic methods, the diseases tend to be misdiagnosed or are diagnosed too late, which is also connected with inappropriate treatment. Moreover, the treatment process itself is difficult, long-lasting, arduous, and – unfortunately – may be unsuccessful. It may happen that in the wake of prolonged treatment with antibiotics, human organism loses its defence mechanisms, causing patients to be more vulnerable to fungal diseases and other disorders which result from prolonged antibiotic therapy. Measures which are broadly defined as nutritherapy (including adequate diet, supplementation and phytotherapy) may prevent secondary consequences of prolonged antibiotic therapy. Thus, nutritherapy can be perceived not only as a chance to counteract the damaging effects of antibiotic therapy but also as augmentation therapy. Despite its efficiency, a tendency to ignore adjunctive therapy still persists, as it is not fully recognized as a valuable medical method in the treatment of tick-borne diseases. However, it deserves to be given adequate attention, along with the increase of awareness of its significance in medical treatment. The dissertation presents the current state-of-the-art concerning the treatment of tick-borne diseases with the aid of nutritherapy.


, landscape. Khmelnytskyi region has a high level of concentration of natural and geographical recreational resources on its territory, therefore their analysis is extremely relevant, as significant prospects for the development of recreational activities and tourism in the region are revealed. Zahidno-Podilskyi Transnistria is a wonderful region for tourism and recreation, which fascinates with its picturesque panoramas and healthy climate. Zahidno-Podilskyi Transnistria occupies the southern slope of the Podilsky Highlands from the Buchach-Chortkiv-Smotrych line to the Dniester valley and from the mouth of the Strypa River in the west to the Tovtrova ridge in the east. The location of the physical-geographical area on the southern slope of the upland significantly increases its recreational value. The relief of Podilsk Transnistria has the characteristic features of a stepped plain, which is dissected by deep valleys of the Dniester. The stepped surface is caused precisely by the terraces of the Dniester River. The territory of the district is represented by undulating interfluves and canyon-like valleys in the meridional direction.


UNLABELLED
 Background. Pressure ulcers are an often underestimated problem affecting elderly patients.

METHODS
An observational study was undertaken to evaluate patients admitted from January 2000 to December 2001 to a geriatric hospital affiliated at home service.

RESULTS
Four hundred sixty-six patients (44.4% men and 55.6% women) were enrolled. Seventy-nine (16.9%) patients presented with a pressure ulcer upon admission. These patients were more functionally and cognitively impaired and had the poorest nutritional status. Anorexia and asthenia were significantly higher in patients with pressure ulcers (P < 0.001), and prevalence of constipation and dysphagia was significantly different between the two groups (P <0.05). Relative risk of new onset of pressure ulcers was significantly linked to age (1.09, CI 95% 1.02-1.15), to the number of functions lost (1.79, CI 95% 1.15-2.78), and to comorbidity (2.79, CI 95% 1.26-6.18). The relative risk of death during hospital admission was significantly linked to age (1.02, CI 95% 1.00-1.05), number of activities of daily living (ADL) functions lost (1.2, CI 95% 1.08-1.33), underweight (1.31, CI 95% 1.06-1.62), and the presence of pressure ulcers (1.59, CI 95% 1.23-2.05).

CONCLUSION
Home treatment of acutely ill elderly patients with pressure ulcers is feasible and efficacious. .


In this paper we study an incomplete information optimal switching problem in which the manager only has access to noisy observations of the underlying Brownian motion $\{W_t\}_{t \geq 0}$. The manager can, at a fixed cost, switch between having the production facility open or closed and must find the optimal management strategy using only the noisy observations. Using the theory of linear stochastic filtering, we reduce the incomplete information problem to a full information problem, show that the value function is non-decreasing with the amount of information available, and that the value function of the incomplete information problem converges to the value function of the corresponding full information problem as the noise in the observed process tends to $0$.


This study analyzes the rational and normative dimensions of the Strategic Partnership Agreement signed between the European Union (EU) and Japan in 2018. The parties characterize their bilateral relations by emphasizing the adherence to shared principles and values; and their interests. This study explores how the interests and norms are reflected in political practice by analyzing their weight in the agreement. The method applied is content analysis via a theory-driven coding approach. The codes are defined under the categories of interest and norm derived from neoliberal institutionalism and social constructivism approaches within international cooperation literature. The analysis reveals that the EU-Japan strategic partnership's rational basis is stronger and that bilateral relations and common interests have priority over shared values.


Monitoring device (12) to move the patient, which includes a portable housing, the portable housing comprising: at least one physiological data input device, for collecting a patient (10) physiological data; position determining circuit; and a communication circuit, for the cellular network (22) and data network (24) to transmit the physiological data and the geographic location information to a central health monitoring station (20).


The probing beam method was used in an investigation of a steady-state thermal self-focusing in proustite induced by CO2 laser radiation. The dependence of the nonlinear divergence of a probing He–Ne laser beam on the CO2 laser radiation power was determined. The expression for the nonlinear divergence yielded the thermal conductivity. The bulk specific heat was also determined. Estimates were obtained of the critical power and energy needed for the development of self-focusing in proustite.


The number of casualties and losses in fres puts our country among the "leaders", and these statistics must be changed for the better as soon as possible. Legislative forces are directed to ensure fre safety in Russia, which pass laws designed to correct the situation. About how to ensure fre safety for an enterprise, about new legislative solutions and what is in the frst place in the system of ensuring fre safety of people, interviews with an expert in the feld of fre safety, General Director of the consulting bureau "Voronova and Partners" Voronova Nina Vladimirovna.


Agricultural metaverse (AgriVerse) aims to optimize the production chain by saving costs, increasing efficiencies, and breaking information silos, in order to achieve sustainable agriculture. While AgriVerse is featured by the virtual-real interaction of the agriculture-related processes based on heterogeneous data, knowledge, and models, the link between AgriVerse and the intensively studied plant modeling is vague. This article presents briefly the research contents of plant modeling, analyzes the ongoing transition at the age of artificial intelligence (AI), and envisions future AgriVerse with the support of the agricultural foundation model, the decentralized agricultural organization (DAO) and the decentralized science (DeSci) of the plant model. Three AgriVerse application scenarios are presented. The opportunities and challenges of AgriVerse are discussed. This work is expected to identify the key research issues of AgriVerse and bring practitioners of diverse backgrounds together into the AgriVerse community.


Neutron scattering by a deuteron is considered on the basis of Faddeyev's equations allowing for spins and isotopic spins in the case of central forces. In the case of the total spin of the system S = 1/2 Schroedinger's equation is reduced to four integral equations, and in the case of S = 3/2 to two integral equations. As an illustration, the case is considered when the interaction between the nucleons is described by a non-local Yamaguchi potential. (auth)


The article is devoted to development of choral music in the republic. There is preference was given to the song, including the choral. This feature is consistent with national traditions and mentality of tatar people.


Metal nanostructures have been routinely fabricated by lift-off process using electron-beam lithography. However, for ultradense structures, this method has been limited by metal film thickness with resulting poor pattern quality. The authors report an alternative approach for the fabrication of ultradense gold (Au) nanostructures using hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ). Due to the high resolution and excellent etch durability of HSQ resists, ultradense Au gratings with high quality were fabricated. As a promising application, they demonstrate that these structures can be applied to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for bioanalysis. Ultradense Au structures fabricated using HSQ resists have proven to be a robust and effective SERS-active substrate.


Polish archaeology in the 20th century is presented against the background of the political history of the country and the region. The history of archaeology is divided into five stages; up to the end of World War I in 1918, the Second Polish Republic - 1918-1939, German and Soviet occupations 1939-1945, the Polish People's Republic 1945-1989 and the Third Polish Republic after 1989. In the 20th century culture-historical archaeology dominated, with strong influences from Kossinna's Siedlungsarchaologie and, in the years 1949-1975, from Marxism and Soviet archaeology. The 1950s and 1960s saw intensive growth in the field of early medieval archaeology owing to the state supported Millennium programme. Slavic archaeology, devoted to the study of ancient Slavic culture and the origin of the Slavs, was another forceful trend. Processual archaeology, based on marxism and Anglo-American influences, also developed in the 1960s There is a brief review of Mediterranean archaeology (including classical) and of historical archaeology which emerged in the 1950s. The article presents many Polish archaeologists and their research from the beginning of the 20th century, when archaeology was a little science, to the last decades of the century, by which time it had progressed to become a big science. A large selection of literature enables the reader to acquaint himself in more detail with the various topics.


Recently, researches with street children have dedicated more attention to the socialization processes which structure their daily lives and to the meaning of their social practices, leading to the need of new methods as the ethnographic alternative, for instance. This paper reports the field access process occurred in an ethnographic research - performed with a group of about 11 street children, aged between 16 and 18 years old - in order to emphasize the complexity of that process. The access negotiation determines many displacements and requires researcher's flexibility, under several demands concerning the form of participation and involvement with the group. Negotiations of meaning, in such situations, are a challenge for ethnographic researches done with the mentioned population, besides offering new opportunities for technical invention and ethics experience.


Aquaspirillum aquaticum ATCC 11330 requires nicotinic acid for growth. Of 120 organic compounds screened as possible sole sources of carbon this bacterium will use 29.


The service recovery and customer retention has caught the attention of researchers and academics recently. Despite the popularity of the subject, there were still not much known about how the service recovery strategies influenced customer retention in service organizations. Although service firms made the best effort, service failures were inevitable. Service recoveries were the efforts made by firms to bring back aggrieved customer to satisfaction. If recovery strategies were not prompt, proper and effective, the frustrating customers would defect to competitor. Thus, service firms were losing customers and revenues. Customer retention was vital and dominant key to business competitiveness and profitability. This research tested three dimensions under justice oriented recovery strategies (JORS). Data were collected by distributing the structured 28 item-questionnaires to 237 post graduate students of Malaysian public universities randomly selected. Results of the analysis found that all strategies were correlated with customer retention strategies. Multiple regression analysis found that, the customer retention variance was explained by 63.4% of the service recovery strategies. The research has thrown some lights on the understanding of how service recovery strategies have influenced customer retention. Apart from that a new instrument has been developed. It was recommended that future research be conducted in legal services, business consultancy or educational services using such instrument which perhaps would yield more interesting result.


Chromium (III) complex bearing N,N'- di-t-Bu-2, 11-diaza[3.3] (2,6)-pyridinophane ligand (t-Bu-N4CrCl2+ Cl) was synthesized and characterized. This complex was tested in ethylene and propylene polymerisation, under several reaction conditions, in the presence of MAO (metilaluminoxane) or Et3Al2Cl3 (ethyl aluminium sesquichloride), as cocatalysts. The use of the catalytic system t-Bu-N4CrCl2+ Cl -/Et3Al2Cl3 led to ethylene-propylene copolymers and polyethylene, with good yields. The polymers thus produced display high molar masses and narrow polydispersities.


Pulsed Field Ablation (PFA) is an emerging method of energy delivery to achieve non-thermal ablation in the management of cardiac arrhythmias This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


There are now 85 confirmed cases of dengue fever in Cairns as of 19 March 2003. No cases have been reported outside of Cairns in this outbreak. [Rosalie Spencer, Queensland Health – personal communication, 19 March 2003] The areas currently affected are Parramatta Park, Manunda, Cairns North, Yorkeys Knob, and Trinity Beach (1).


Carbon vapour generated from a carbon arc has been co-condensed with various boron halides. In this manner diboron tetrachloride afforded a mixture of C(BCl2)4, ClC(BCl2)3, and Cl2C(BCl2)2; and boron trichloride yielded the last two compounds as well as Cl(Cl2B)C:C(BCl2)Cl. Diboron tetrafluoride and carbon vapour reacted to give species derived from C1, C2 and C3 molecules, viz., (F2B)4C, (F2B)2C:C(BF2)2, and (F2B)2C:C:C(BF2)2. However, tetrakis(difluoroboryl)methane was only isolated in small amount and identified mass spectrometrically. The principal boron-containing compound obtained from the reaction between methylboron dichloride and carbon vapour was Me2C(BCl2)2. Acetylene was the main non-boron-containing product identified. Non-boron-containing products, (ethylene, acetylene, and diacetylene) predominated when trimethylboron was used, but tetramethyldiborane was also formed. The nature of the reactions is discussed.


Historians have recently begun to see the relationship of aboriginal policies in what traditionally have been considered widely separate historical and geographical experiences. These studies, using comparative methodologies, have focused on the origins, applications, and often disastrous results of policies designed to govern the affairs of native peoples. In a recent article that chided historians for their "insular approach" to United States Indian policy, William E. Unrau raised a key question: "And was not the U.S. Indian problem of little interest and significance to outsiders?"' Based upon our analysis of Japanese aboriginal policies on Formosa (Taiwan), Unrau's question must be answered in the affirmative.


We consider the one-dimensional inverse problem of determining variations in propagation speed taking into account damping of the medium. We also consider the inverse problemof recovering variations in damping fromobserv ations
of signals which pass through the medium of interest. Our method is based on the linearized inversion associated with Born's approximation. Thus we assume wave speed and damping are well approximated by the background plus the perturbation. We exploit the high-frequency character of seismic data. Therefore, we use WKBJ Green's function in deriving our inversion representation.


In this paper we describe a deployed recommender system to predict insurance products for new and existing customers. Our goal is to give our customers personalized recommendations based on what other similar people with similar portfolios have, in order to make sure they were adequately covered for their needs. Our system uses customer characteristics in addition to customer portfolio data. Since the number of possible recommendable products is relatively small, compared to other recommender domains, and missing data is relatively frequent, we chose to use Bayesian Networks for modeling our system. Experimental results show advantages of using probabilistic graphical models over the widely used low-rank matrix factorization model for the insurance domain.


Opals are three-dimensional photonic crystals, self-assembled from dielectric spherical beads into a face-centered lattice. Their periodic structure results in interesting optical properties, such as photonic band gaps. With their relatively easy and cheap fabrication, they look a promising material for elements in optical circuits. By introducing intentional defects in the crystal lattice, one can manufacture nanoscale optical devices such as filters, waveguides, resonators, lasers... Ljubljana, April, 2006


Objective:To explore elements of abnormal content in deep-well water in the high prevalence areas of birth defects in Shanxi Province in order to afford theory evidence for preventing and curing diseases.Methods:Some water was sampled from the high and the low prevalence areas of birth defects respectively,then the content of 16 kinds of elements were measured with ICP machine.Last,the data were analyzed statically with regression and nonparametric tests.Results:The contents of As,Mo,Sr,Pb,V,Na were significantly low in water coming from the high prevalence areas,but Sn,Se,Zn,Ni,Ca,Cu,K had significantly high content,the result of stepwise linear regression was that Mo,Mg,Sr,Ca,As,Sn,V selected into the equation.Conclusion:The low concentration of Mo,Sr,As,V and high content of Ca and Sn in water might have relationship to birth defects,besides,it is possible that there is synergistic effects between Pb,Na,Se,Zn,Ni,Fe,Cu,Al,K and the above elements for the occurrence of birth defects.


Because good research is more than simply asking questions professional communicators need to know how to tell good research from bad, to distinguish appropriate research methods from inappropriate methods, and to make appropriate inferences from research data. Technical communication will benefit from using the theories and methodological approaches encompassed by communication science. We define communication science and discuss the reasons for research, the role of theory, the choice of appropriate methods, and methods of interpretation. Finally, we point readers to publications that can further their understanding of communication science, communication research, and social science research methodologies.


This paper deals and proves ways of improving the state regulation of land relations in agriculture. The author gives mechanisms of such regulation in the structure of which, in addition to the main economic, there are reflected tools of legislative and regulatory activity, Land Cadastre of Ukraine, land management, monitoring of soil fertility and effective utilization of land plots. The author shows structure, the economic essence and content of land relations in agriculture


"HLA-B35 Upregulates Endothelin-1 and Downregulates Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Endothelial Cells" Journal of Immunology, 2010, 184: 4654–4661.


This special issue examines the political context and social impacts of plans for two state-sponsored megaprojects in Timor-Leste: the Special Zone of Social Market Economy (ZEESM) in the Oecusse enclave, and the Tasi Mane Project stretching along the south coast. Tracing debates about national development models in Timor-Leste back to the Indonesian occupation and transition period to independence, this Introduction situates these projects within contemporary debates about development. We pay special attention to two key aspects: how megaprojects transform people's relations with the land, a vital source of livelihoods and cultural meaning; and how different ethnolinguistic groups in Timor-Leste are adapting local practice to accommodate change. We conclude by highlighting how megaprojects reflect and affect aspects of life beyond economic development: governance practice, assertion of sovereignty, sensory losses and identity, ritual adaptations and aspirations for the future.


Over a five year period the effectiveness of various agents for umbelical cord care was evaluated in three wards(ABC)for normal newborns. Immediately after the first bath either 70% alcohol, triple dye or povidone iodine(Betadine)was applied to the cord and an inch of surrounding skin. Anterior nasal cultures were taken at random on the third hospital day. Blood levels of alcohol, triple dye and iodine were measured in independent studies.*Number studied and percent colonized.X3-Three applications/day for 3 days. Rest one application. NS-Not significant.Significant ↑(increase) or ↓ (decreased) P<.05-.001. Triple dye and alcohol were not detected in the blood. Betadine which showed the lowest colonization with nine applications was ineffective when used only once. Significant absorbtion of iodine was seen with both regimens. Increase in colonization with triple dye in the last two study periods is unexplained, however no increase in disease rate was seen.


A wavelet feature-based generalized FAJTC has been proposed to improve the performance of fringe-adjusted type JTCs in the presence of noise in the input scene. Computer simulation results are produced for test images containing single as well as multiple targets and synthetic textured input scene noise. The results illustrate the effectiveness of wavelet processing in reducing the detrimental effect of noise and enhancing pattern discrimination ability of conventional generalized FAJTCs.


T CHURCH has had a love-hate relationship with anthropology since the latter developed as a social science last century. This is understandable. Anthropology had its origins in an atmosphere of Comtism, utilitarianism, agnostic biblical criticism, and the beginnings of comparative religion, an atmosphere which in no way was favorable to religion. Its immediate founders, e.g., Edward Tylor (1832-1917) and James Frazer (1854-1941), were firm believers in social evolution; religion was part of the evolutionary process and it would eventually die away. For both Tylor and Frazer, religion was but an illusion, its place to be taken finally by the all-seeing authority of science. Even today, certainly in Britain, the conclusion of the anthropologist Edward Evans-Pritchard in 1959, then professor of anthropology at Oxford, remains true: the "majority of anthropologists are indifferent, if not hostile, to religion—atheists, agnostics, or just nothing—and a minority are Christians. But no matter what the origins of anthropology are or what anthropologists might feel about the supernatural, the Church must come to a love relationship with anthropology. The Church needs the help of specialists in the study of culture, and anthropologists are precisely those specialists. Vatican II turned the Church once more to face the world and its problems and hopes; the Church must understand the world if it is to serve it in a spirit of justice and charity. This means that the Church must understand the nature and complexity of culture and cultures. Not surprisingly, therefore, the word "culture" is used frequently in the Vatican documents, especially in Gaudium et spes. But it is not always immediately clear what particular meaning is being given to the word at a particular place in the texts. For example, the word can be used to signify the magnificent creative achievements of the human


Previously, we demonstrated the stabilization of the carrier-envelope (CE) phase of the laser pulses from a chirped pulse amplifier by controlling the effective grating separation in the stretcher. In this work, we show that the CE phase can also be stabilized to ∼230mrad by controlling the grating separation in a compressor. The cutoff frequency of the piezoelectric transducer mounted grating for the phase stabilization system was found to be higher than 60Hz.


Recent research addressing possible causes of the decline in spontaneous food intake which accompanies tumor growth and antitumor therapies is reviewed. Investigations of whether disruptions in brain mechanisms involved in feeding are re sponsible for cancer anorexia are briefly summarized. Studies evaluating the contributions of learned food aversions to the anorexia induced by tumors and antitumor therapy are dis cussed in some detail. Evidence is presented, from both the clinic and the laboratory, that learned food aversions occur as a result of the association of foods with the discomfort induced by chemotherapy and/or tumor growth. The possible role these aversions play in the etiology of cancer anorexia is discussed, and studies aimed at developing methods for preventing them are described. Cancer anorexia refers to the decline in food intake which accompanies neoplastic diseases, both in the clinical setting and in experimental animal models (15, 31, 43). The appetite and weight loss frequently seen in cancer patients may be caused by the disease itself and also by the unpleasant side effects of a number of therapies used in its treatment (17, 23, 33). The major cause of host weight loss has been attributed by some investigators to primary metabolic effects of tumor growth, such as excessive or inefficient energy utilization (9, 21, 41). However, it has been argued that organisms will compensate for a variety of treatments which increase their energy requirements (i.e., exposure to the cold, forced exer cise, and pregnancy) by increasing their food intake (31). However, the tumor-bearing organism fails to increase food intake (and more frequently decreases its food intake) in the face of increased energy requirements imposed by tumor growth. Morrison has therefore emphasized that the ultimate cause of weight loss and host wasting in the tumor-bearing organism is the failure of spontaneous food intake to keep pace with nutrient requirements. The focus of this paper will therefore be on recent research addressing possible causes of these changes in spontaneous food intake which accompany tumor growth and antitumor therapies. Emphasis will be placed on very recent work, since several extensive reviews of this area have appeared in the past few years (13, 16, 31, 39). Mechanisms Regulating Feeding In an effort to understand the mechanisms responsible for cancer anorexia, investigators have turned first to those sys tems known to be involved in food intake regulation in normal 1Presented at the Pediatrie Cancer and Nutrition Workshop. December 11 and 12, 1980. Bethesda, Md. This research was supported by Grant R01CA62419 from the National Cancer Institute. Department of Health and Human Services. humans and animals. These include central brain mechanisms, such as the hypothalamus and specific neurotransmitters, as well as learning mechanisms, and these approaches will be discussed individually below. Hypothalamic Mechanisms. Over the last 2 decades, the hypothalamus and related structures have been the focus of attention for investigators examining the brain regions critical to the control of feeding behavior. Dramatic effects of lesion and stimulation studies have pointed to the ventromedial and lateral areas of the hypothalamus as "inhibitory" and "excit atory" regions involved in initiation and cessation of feeding. For example, lesions in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypo thalamus produce the well-known syndrome of hyperphagia and obesity, while lesions in the lateral area produce anorexia (28). Early efforts to assess the involvement of hypothalamic regions in tumor anorexia included examination of the effects of ventromedial or lateral lesions of the hypothalamus on the food intake of tumor-bearing animals (2, 25). These lesions did not prevent or attenuate the appearance of tumor-induced anorexia, and the apparent independent effects of lesion and tumor manipulations on food intake strongly suggested that they are unlikely to involve the same control mechanisms. Furthermore, the characteristics of the feeding behavior of tumor-bearing animals, including increased feeding responses to exogenous insulin and increased feeding efficiency (30, 32), are in marked contrast to those seen in animals anorexic as a consequence of lesions in the lateral hypothalamus. In addition, more recent results have suggested that the view that the control of feeding can be explained by activity in "excitatory" and "inhibitory" centers located in the hypothalamus is greatly oversimplified (22, 28). Neurotransmitters and Feeding. Paralleling the anatomical complexity of food intake regulation is the recent implication of a variety of neurotransmitters in the control of food intake (28). Recent work has suggested major roles for noradrenergic (26), dopaminergic (42), serotonergic (1, 10), and to a lesser extent endorphinergic (29) systems in the modulation of food intake. The actual role of these transmitters in normal food intake regulation is as yet poorly understood. It is, therefore, not surprising that any aberrations in these systems which may be responsible for pathologies in food intake regulation (such as obesity and cancer anorexia) have not been identified, although these issues are currently under active investigation. For ex ample, Krause et al. (24), investigating possible alterations in serotonin metabolism in rats with Walker 256 tumors, found elevations in tryptophan and the serotonin metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in the brains of tumor-bearing animals. Since treatments which decrease brain tryptophan and/or serotonin have been reported to cause increases in food intake (12, 38), Krause ef al. have hypothesized that increases in serotonin turnover may be responsible for the anorexia seen in Walker 256 tumor-bearing animals. An alternate hypothesis involving endorphin systems has been proposed by Lowy and Yim (27) to explain the anorexia in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. They found a similarity between the feeding profiles of


Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are often nonadherent to prescribed symptom-modifying drugs. [1] Concerns about the potential negative effects of medication have been implicated in medication nonadherence. Few evidence-based interventions to address concerns about medication and support medication-taking are available in the UK context.To inform the development of intervention to support people with RA and PsA to manage medication we conducted a survey of unmet needs relating to perceptions of arthritis and arthritis medication, medication-taking behaviour and experience of side effects.We recruited people with arthritis via local and national patient groups for participation in an online survey. The survey included clinical and demographic questions, validated measures of treatment (Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire; BMQ) and illness perceptions (brief Illness Perception Questionnaire; bIPQ), medication adherence (Compliance Questionnaire Rheumatology; CQR), and patient-reported side effects. Participants were asked about consequences of taking and not taking their arthritis medication as free text to contextualize scores.Questionnaire responses from 98 participants (42 with PsA, 56 with RA, 89.8% female) indicated participants typically viewed arthritis negatively with ratings on the bIPQ indicating high emotional impacts, symptoms and affects on everyday life, and doubts about their ability to control their arthritis. Analysis of the BMQ indicated ambivalence about RA/PsA medications; while few people expressed doubts about their personal need for medication, concerns about RA/PsA medications were common, see Figure 1). Most, 85.7% (n=84), reported a side effect in the last month, with a mean of 10 'moderately severe' or 'very severe' side effects (m=10.02, sd = 5.98). Just over a quarter (26.0%, n=25) were classed as low adherers using the CQR with 54.6% reporting they had missed some of their arthritis medication over the last year. Free text responses indicated that some participants had additional concerns about medication (e.g. worries about impact on life expectancy) not addressed in the questionnaire measures.In this pilot survey, many participants reported concerns about medication, doubts about whether medication controls arthritis symptoms, severe side effects and medication nonadherence. Although our small sample is unlikely to be generalizable to all arthritis patients, these findings suggest potential targets for intervention and indicate that some patients have needs for support with medication that are not currently being addressed.[1]Van Den Bemt BJ, Zwikker HE, Van Den Ende CH. Medication adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a critical appraisal of the existing literature. Expert review of clinical immunology. 2012 May 1;8(4):337-51.We acknowledge the financial assistance of Bath Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, the people who volunteered their time to respond to this survey and the efforts of Elena Mut and Kishwar Khanum in assisting with data collection.Sarah Chapman: None declared, Abbie Jordan: None declared, William Tillett Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, Amgen, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, and UCB


The persistence and performance (growth promoting potential) of green fluorescent protein (gfp) marked Azotobacter chroococcum strain ABR 4G were studied in sterilized and unsterilized wheat rhizospheric soil. The gfp was integrated via Tn 5 transposition into A. chroococcum chromosome and the resultant gfp marked colonies were identified by green fluorescent emission under UV light. The gfp was stably maintained in A. chroococcum and the gfp insertion had no apparent adverse effect on the growth promoting properties of the marked soil isolate ABR 4G. The growth promoting properties ( nitrogen fixation, ammonia excretion, phosphate solubilization and IAA production) of the parent soil isolate and the gfp marked strain were found to be almost the same. All the quantitative wheat plant traits were significantly influenced by inoculation of A. chroococcum ABR 4G strain in sterilized and unsterilized soil. Inoculated bacterial counts increased gradually in wheat rhizosphere, reached maximum on bOth d and declined on 80th d. Fertility levels also affected survival of marked strain and the survival was comparable in sterilized and unsterilized soil. The growth promoting properties were also determined from the marked strain reisolated from wheat rhizosphere in both types of soil. Fig 1, Tab 2, Ref 22


The article establishes that the role of the Rus Archbishop Peter at the First Council of Lyon (1245) was not limited to conveying sensational information about the Tatars, as is usually believed. Peter was willing to resume negotiations between the Apostolic See and the rulers of the Byzantine (Nicene) Empire on the union of Churches, which continued with varying success throughout the thirteenth century. In the mid-1240s the Rus church hierarchs, who headed the Kiev (all Rus) Metropolitanate of the Byzantine Church, played an important, yet underestimated by researchers, role in establishing direct contacts between the Byzantine and Roman Churches and resuming negotiations for church unity.


The presence of a relation between firm size and asset returns is investigated by referring to the Italian Stock Exchange. In order to explain asset return variability, the excess return on a market portfolio as well as the difference between the return on a portfolio of small stocks and the return on a portfolio of large stocks are considered. The resultant two-factor model seems to improve the explanation of the returns of the portfolios formed on size.


Backlobe radiations are the key stumbling block to using microstrip patch antennas in wireless communication, but they can be minimised by using a slot-coupled feeding technique. This paper proposes a microstrip patch antenna with a multilayer structure. The Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulation is used to describe and model this slot-fed antenna, which has an improved gain of 5.6dB and directivity of 5.9dB and resonates at a frequency of 2.25GHz.


The interaction between cells and biomaterials is essential for the success of biomedical applications in which the implantation of biomaterials in the human body is necessary. It has been demonstrated that material's chemical, mechanical, and structural properties can influence cell behaviour. The surface topography of biomaterials is a physical property that can have a major role in mediating cell–material interactions. This interaction can lead to different cell responses regarding cell motility, proliferation, migration, and even differentiation. The combination of biomaterials with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for bone regeneration is a promising strategy to avoid the need for autologous transplant of bone. Surface topography was also associated with the capacity to control MSCs differentiation. Most of the topographies studied so far involve machine-generated surface topographies. Herein, our strategy differentiates from the above mentioned since we selected natural surface topographies that can modulate cell functions for regenerative medicine strategies. Rubus fruticosus leaf was the selected topography to be replicated in polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes through polydimethylsiloxane moulding and using soft lithography. Afterwards, rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSCs) were seeded at the surface of the imprinted PCL membranes to characterize the bioactive potential of our biomimetic surface topography to drive rBMSCs differentiation into the osteogenic lineage. The selected surface topography in combination with the osteogenic inductive medium reveals having a synergistic effect promoting osteogenic differentiation.


Unification logic programs - procedural interpretation logic programs - declarative interpretation programming in pure Prolog termination the occur-check problem partial correctness programming in pure Prolog with arithmetic verification of pure Prolog programs with arithmetic.


Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acetyl-CoAcarbon- dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC188.8.131.52 isactivated byphys- iological concentrations ofCoA.TheCoAconcentration de- pendency ofthis activation issigmoidal; below 60uMthere is little orno activation, buttheactivation observed between60 and120pMindicates that small changes intheconcentration ofCoAcan causesignificant changes incarboxylase activity. CoAactivation ofacetyl-CoA carboxylase accompaniespoly- merization ofacetyl-CoA carboxylase. However, thebinding site forCoAappearstobedifferent fromthat ofcitrate. In contrast tocitrate activation, which changes only theVm.of thereaction, CoAactivation ofcarboxylase results inpolymeric forms with alower Km foracetyl-CoA. The Km foracetyl-CoA is0.4mM inthecontrol enzyme,whereas that oftheCoA-acti- vated enzyme isaslowas4 pM.TheKm forATPwas not changed. Derivatives ofCoAwere noteffective inactivating thecarboxylase, indicating that theCoAeffect isspecific. Arguments arepresented thatCoAcould beaphysiologically significant positive effector ofthecarboxylase. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide


Preparation methods of raw bamboo fiber and bamboo pulp fiber are introduced,fiber structural configuration and main properties are described,the existing problems on studying bamboo fibers are put forward,and moreover,the future research directions are discussed.


A n unsteady MHD mixed free convection  two dimensional laminar, boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible electrically  conducting fluid along a semi  infinite vertical porous flat plate in presence of thermal and chemical effects under the influence of uniform magnetic field applied normal to the flow has been obtained. The dimensionless governing equations are solved by using multi-parameter perturbation technique. The results are obtained for mean velocity, mean temperature, mean concentration, nusselt number of mean temperature and skin friction of mean velocity. The effect of various material parameters are discussed for cooling (Gr>0) and heating (Gr<0) of the plate on flow variables and presented by graphs and tables.


The metalation of bis(diphenylphosphanyl)amine [HN-(PPh2)2,1 with KOtBu at 95°C in toluene affords a pale yellow precipitate of potassium bis(diphenylphosphanyl)amide (3a). On addition of liquid N,N,N′,N",N"-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA, 4) the precipitate dissolves in toluene at 115°C to give a yellow solution, from which yellow-green blocks of [(Ph2P)2NK·PMDTA] (3b) are obtained. X-ray analysis reveals that the coordination sphere of potassium consists of the chelating triamine ligand and [N(PPh2)2]− as N-donor as well as η1 and η2 C-donor with two phenyl fragments. No phosphorus coordination of [N(PPh2)2]− is observed.


This paper explores whether the profits of momentum strategies are due to momentum in some systematic factors. Using a novel statistical technique, the dynamic principal component method, we estimate non-i.i.d. factors from a panel of monthly stock returns for the period from 1965 to 1998. While the estimated first factor tends to be serially uncorrelated and closely tracks the equally weighted market return, several other factors exhibit positive momentum, and the idiosyncratic components of stock returns on average have slightly negative autocorrelation. Contrary to the conclusions of Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) and Grundy and Martin (2000), we find that stock returns' responses to the small number of common factors account for most of momentum profits; momentum profits due to idiosyncratic components of returns are insignificant or even negative. Further, when momentum strategies are based on past realizations of the common components, they become even more profitable; when momentum strategies are based on the past realizations of the idiosyncratic components, they are not profitable. The evidence indicates that although momentum strategies are close to market nutral, they are subject to other systematic factor risks. We also perform a series of simulations to verify the reliability of inferences based on the dynamic principal component method. Finally, we show that to a certain extent the statistical factors can be dynamically related to a few macro-economic variables. Since the dynamic factor structure of stock returns is consistent with rational asset pricing theories, our findings support a rational explanation for the momentum phenomenon. JEL Classification: G12


In 2012, the State of Connecticut enacted Public Act 12-40, legislation that dramatically changed the way remedial education was theorized, designed, and delivered at community colleges and regional state universities in Connecticut. One of the most controversial features of this legislative movement was that it appeared to establish a "floor" for matriculation into open admissions institutions in Connecticut—thereby effectively abandoning students who scored below certain cut-off scores (at or below the 8th grade level on our standardized placement test). This essay reports on an ethnographic study conducted with individuals enrolled in one of the first classes designed for this cohort of students. This group of students provides professionals interested in questions related to access and higher education a unique opportunity to reflect on key questions for our profession and our nation, framed and embodied by very real people with unique life histories.


Broadcast encryption technology enables a sender to send information securely to a group of receivers excluding specified receivers over a broadcast channel. In this paper, we propose a new key-tree structure based on Rabin cryptosystem, and an access control scheme using the structure. We show the security of the access control scheme and construct a new broadcast encryption scheme based on it. The proposed broadcast encryption scheme is a modification of the complete subtree method and it reduces the number of keys a receiver stores to one. There have been proposed some modifications of the complete subtree method which minimize the number of keys for a receiver to one, and the most efficient one among them with respect to the computational overhead at receivers is based on RSA cryptosystem. The computational overhead at receivers in our scheme is around log2e times smaller than the most efficient previously proposed one, where e is a public exponent of RSA, and the proposed scheme is the most efficient among tree based one-key schemes. This property is examined by experimental results. Our scheme achieves this reduction in the computational overhead in exchange for an increase in the size of nonsecret memory by [log n * few (e.g. eight)] bits, where n is the total number of receivers.


It seems to be in the nature of people drawn to discussions of markup, that is, people likely to be at Balisage, that we value consistency. We want both our physical and virtual worlds to make sense and we expect consistency. We chafe when forced to drive on the "wrong" side of the road. We want the names used in our markup vocabularies to be formed in consistent ways—either use CamelCase or don't, for example. We want things that are parallel to be handled in parallel ways. This feels comfortable to us, and we think we are doing good by pushing the world toward our comfort zone. This, it seems to me, is one of the reasons that explicit markup has not taken the world by storm. We are not meeting people where they are; we are trying to change where they are. Worse, we are (deliberately? frequently?) blind to their styles and desires. This just plain doesn't work! Our obsession with consistency is destructive.


This work presents a model to investigate the inflow performance relationships (IPR) of horizontal and vertical wells in a multi-well pattern. The model can be used to compute the overall and individual well performances. It is shown that stabilized IPRs may not be sufficient for the evaluation of horizontal well performances due to prolonged transient flow periods. The results presented in this paper clearly indicate that inflow performance of wells in a multi-well pattern is a dynamic concept; and, especially in the prediction of future performances, dynamic rather than static IPR models should be used. S0195-07380000801-3


The temporal and spectral analysis of seventeen flares observed in six GK dwarfs by XMM-Newton is presented here. The exponential decay of the X-ray light curves, and time evolution of the plasma temperature and emission measure are similar to those observed in compact solar flares. The loop length of flare is derived using various loop models including state-of-the-art hydrodynamic flare model and found to be much less than the stellar radius. For most of the flares, we have also found that the decay path of the flare is driven by sustained heating.


The collective total synthesis of (+)-sinensilactam A, (+)-lingzhilactone B, (+)-lingzhilactone C and (-)-lingzhiol has been accomplished from a common epoxide intermediate 9. Chemoselective epoxy opening with either an aryl or alkene moiety of styrene led to different carbon skeletons, which can be advanced to a divergent and concise total synthesis of four meroterpenoids.


The central hypothesis in the Pierce, Genesee, Delcenserie, and Morgan article is that phonological memory is key to explaining the relationship between early language experience (more specifically, less and more optimal ends of the language-experience continuum) and language learning outcomes. One piece of evidence offered is that phonological memory skills are enhanced by bilingualism, with bilingualism representing enriched experience. Here, I propose that data from bilingual children may contradict Pierce et al.'s central hypothesis, rather than support it.


This paper presents a design and layout implementation of a high-precision CMOS temperature sensor using a delta-sigma A/D converter. The temperature sensor adopts a error averaging techniques such as DEM, noise-shaping and over-sampling to improve accuracy. The designed temperature sensor has a measurable temperature range of -55℃∼125℃ and a resoulution of 0.011℃. The sensor designed in a 0.18㎛ CMOS process consumes 1.5㎽ and occupies 1126㎛ × 911㎛


In [4], Bernstein presented a simple proof of security of Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) Message Authentication Code (MAC) against adversaries querying messages all of which are of the same length. In this paper we show that Bernstein's proof can be used to prove security of CBC MAC against adversaries querying non-empty messages that are not prefixes of each other. This implies that "length-prepend CBC MAC" presented by Bellare, Kilian, and Rogaway in [1] is a secure authentication method, handling variable message lengths.


UAV is so small and flexible that plays an important role in inspection for Power transmission line, especially at the voltage of 110kV, 220kV, 500kV and so on. Coupled with the development of UAV autonomous intelligent inspection technology, the personnel who should inspect the Power transmission line need not to across mountains or climb up to the power transmission towers to inspect the insulators and other equipment manually, so it has been widely used in the inspection for Power transmission line. The stable controlling of UAV flight is and the data link fusion is the basic guarantee of multiple UAV cluster operation. this paper bases on the mode of cluster operation and analyzing the technology of data link fusion, then puts forward single to multiple mode of Data fusion in RTK, which provides an important reference for the research of multiple UAV cluster operation about inspection.


Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to explore and describe the factors that contribute to burnout among nurses. Background Burnout remains one of the major occupational health problems, posing risks to human health globally. In Namibia, there has been growing public criticism of nurses, stating that they are rude or act in a manner that does not show professionalism towards their clients. Reasons for such unprofessional behaviour could be linked to negative attitudes on the part of nurses towards their clients, resulting from burnout syndrome. Method A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was followed as the basis for conducting the study. Using a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 20 nurses was selected from a population of 69 nurses employed in this setting. This sample size was determined by the saturation of data as reflected in repeating themes. Data were collected using individual semi‐structured interviews and were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. Results The following three themes emerged: understanding the concept of burnout, factors leading to burnout and creating a conducive environment as a corrective measure to address burnout and to advance nurses. Conclusions Burnout is indeed real and affects nurses' performance negatively. Burnout has a negative impact on the well‐being of nurses both physically and emotionally, which has the potential to compromise staff performance, productivity and the quality of patient care. Burnout among nurses is linked to many stressors such as poor staff management, inadequate resources, lack of support and lack of wellness programmes in the workplace. Implications for Nursing Management Strengthening communication between frontline health workers and management by engaging and involving them more in decision making in matters that concern them is anticipated to address poor staff management, enhance staff performance and improve the quality of patient care. Staff wellness programmes in the workplace are believed to be a good coping mechanism to address work‐related pressure and tensions, and they are believed to resolve some work‐related stress that may result in increased staff productivity.


A function f from a subset of R to R is continuous at the origin, if and only if limt→0+ f(s(t)) = f(0) for all continuous paths s with limt→0+ s(t) = 0. The continuity of f can, however, be characterized by a much smaller class of paths. We show that the class of all paths fulfilling limt→0+ s(t) = 0, s ∈ [C∞(]0, a[)], and supt∈ ]0,a[ ‖s(t)‖‖s′(t)‖ < +∞ is sufficient. Further, given any sequences (xk)k∈N and (yk)k∈N in R n \ {0}, such that limk→+∞ xk = 0, xk ·yk ≥ 0, and ‖yk‖ = 1 for all k ∈ N, we show that there exist a path of this class, such that s(‖xk‖) = xk and s(‖xk‖) = yk for an infinite number of k ∈ N.


It's important for wireless sensor networks to locate nodes itself,the nodes in the networks are random,the localization of networks nodes determines the wireless sensor network's precision.The node localization method now usually used utilizes one master or two master,this paper advanced the three master arithmetic to locate the networks node.


This article introduces the software package TIDES and revisits the use of the Taylor series method for the numerical integration of ODEs. The package TIDES provides an easy-to-use interface for standard double precision integrations, but also for quadruple precision and multiple precision integrations. The motivation for the development of this package is that more and more scientific disciplines need very high precision solution of ODEs, and a standard ODE method is not able to reach these precision levels. The TIDES package combines a preprocessor step in Mathematica that generates Fortran or C programs with a library in C. Another capability of TIDES is the direct solution of sensitivities of the solution of ODE systems, which means that we can compute the solution of variational equations up to any order without formulating them explicitly. Different options of the software are discussed, and finally it is compared with other well-known available methods, as well as with different options of TIDES. From the numerical tests, TIDES is competitive, both in speed and accuracy, with standard methods, but it also provides new capabilities.


The scenographic architecture that Inigo Jones designed for the court theater of the early Stuarts bears a recognisable relationship to his work as a practicing architect. Analysis of his stage architecture becomes possible with the identification of its sources. In the period of his architectural "adolescence," before he became Surveyor of the King's Works, the stage architecture shows an intelligent interest in theory and style, and an exploratory attitude to problems of design. As he matured, his definitive commitment to Palladian classicism is reflected in the stage designs, as he corrects solecisms or unclassical elements in his sources; and in the royal masques, just as much as in the King's Works, classicism becomes associated with the political mystique of the Stuart monarchy.


This dissertation considers Viking Age Scandinavian inscribed runestones in order to determine their societal origins and the impacts they had on Viking Age religious cultural changes. The three types of monuments discussed are: runestones with religious inscriptions and magical texts; runestones with mythic, legendary and religious imagery; and runestones with political and religious intentions. By comparatively examining Pagan and Christian runestones, the question of which culture initially drove the production of these memorials is addressed. Twenty-five runestones are examined in detail, including the stones of kings Gormr Gamli and Haraldr Blatonn in Jelling, Denmark which serve as primary case studies and representative examples. While religion is the dominating motif of Scandinavian runestones, the evidence shows that no conclusive answer exists on the Pagan or Christian origins of inscribed runic culture. This study proposes that religious hybridization or syncretism is the strongest possibility, yet further research into more precise dating methods needs to be conducted.


Finite depth-of-field poses a problem in light optical imaging systems since the objects present outside the range of depth-of-field appear blurry in the recorded image. Effective depth-of-field of...


The Southern Great Plains experiences an unhealthy level of ozone (O3) at times. The formation mechanisms contributing to these O3 events are not always clear and in some cases are related to particular atmospheric circulation patterns. A severe O3 pollution event on 27 August 2011 in the Dallas‐Fort Worth (DFW) area is investigated with a combination of observations and simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem). During the O3 episode, a stationary front with a stagnant zone at the leading edge persisted to the west of DFW. At the time, Hurricane Irene was located in western Atlantic, displacing the Bermuda Subtropical High and affecting the circulations over the Southern Great Plains. The stagnant zone confined the pollutant plume originating from DFW, leading to accumulation of primary pollutants and prominent O3 formation. Emission sources from a few urban areas east of DFW as well as power plants near Mount Pleasant and Carthage also contributed to this DFW O3 pollution episode. This scenario is different from the typical summer days over the Southern Great Plains when southerly winds prevail along the west edge of the Bermuda High and the pollutant plumes from DFW are advected downstream, resulting in low O3. Ensemble WRF/Chem predictions driven by the operational Short‐Range Ensemble Forecast outputs are conducted to examine the impact of meteorological uncertainties (particularly transport uncertainties) on air quality forecasting. The ensemble mean gives a better prediction in terms of plume directions than individual members.


COPYRIGHT © 2022 Sun, Chen, Sun, Li and Ren. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: The mechanism on development and regeneration of inner ear hair cells


The topic of our research is the detection of concealed information based on ERP (Event Related Potential). As a method to detect concealed information there is CIT (Concealed Information Test). CIT is used to detect intentionally concealed information, for example crime-related information, with subject's physiological response to presented stimuli. We used visually CIT based on P300 in the experiment. There are three kinds of stimuli in CIT. One is `Probe', which is related to concealed information. The other is `Irrelevant', which is not related with it but consists of same category as Probe (ex; place, time and so on). And the other is `Target', which is for calling subject's attention to the experiment. In CIT, the subject's reaction to those presented stimuli are measured and compared with each other categories. If the reaction to Probe are different with one to Irrelevant the subject is considered as he knows Probe. Although Words are often used as stimulus in this kind of study, we assume that pictures are better as the stimulus in CIT. In this study, we investigated the difference between the word stimuli and picture stimuli in CIT. We use Japanese words or pictures as the stimulus and compare the amplitude of P300 as reaction to those stimuli. It is showed that picture stimuli are better than word stimuli for CIT.


The Orthodox Byzantine cultural tradition remained strong and even thrived in Cyprus throughout the U^-lty^ centuries although the island had become a badly neglected province of the Ottoman Empire from 1571 to 1878. The leading figure among a multitude of 17 th century icon painters in Cyprus was Leontios, who used to sign his icons as "the hieromonk (= priest-monk) from Nemesos" (Limassol). The signature of the Cyprus-born painter is found on an icon kept in the Royal Monastery of Machairas. The icon represents the founder of the Church of Cyprus, the Apostle Barnabas, enthroned. Below the saint's feet, Leontios painted a map of the island, which is so far unique in the corpus of Byzantine painting, as far as Cyprus is concerned. What was the printed or manuscript prototype and where did Leontios come upon it? The post-Byzantine artistic tradit ion remained strong and f lourished in Cyprus be tween the seventeenth and the n i n e t e e n t h century, a pe r iod w h e n the island was an insignificant, neglected province of the Ot toman Empire. One of Cyprus's important icon-painters of the seventeenth century was Leontios (1673P-1705?), who usually signed his icons as "the pr ies t -monk from Nemesos [Lemesos, Limassol]." The Cypriot painter 's signature is to be found on an icon (dimensions: 49 x 37.5 cm) of 1673 (Fig. 1), which is kept in the sacristy of the Royal and Stavropegic Machaira Monastery and comes from the Church of St. George in nowadays Turkishoccupied Nicosia. The icon shows the founder and patron saint of the Autocephalous Church of Cyprus, the Apostle Barnabas, enthroned, and with the island of Cyprus shown at the bottom of the icon. St. Barnabas wears episcopal vestments, gives his Institute for Neohellenic Research N.H.R.F. Eastern Mediterranean Cartographies Tetradia Ergasias 25/26 (2004) p. 337-346 A M A P OF CYPRUS IN A P O S T BYZANTINE CYPRIOT ICON blessing with his right hand, and in his left holds an open gospel book with the inscription: ΕΙΠΕΝ 0 ΚΥΡΙΟΣ ΤΟΙΣ ΕΑΥΤΟΥ ΜΑΘΗΤΑΙΣ 0/ΑΚΟΥΩΝ ΥΜΩΝ ΕΜΟΥ ΑΚΟΥΕΙ ΚΑΙ 0 ΑΘΕ[ΤΩΝ ΥΜΑΣ ΕΜΕ ΑΘΕΤΕΙ] (He that hears you hears me; and he that despises you despises me Luke 10: l 6 ) . 6 Two archangels are shown in the two upper corners, doing reverence and proffering to the saint a mitre, an imperial sceptre (!), a gold inkstand with cinnabar, and an archiépiscopal royal staff and the melon (globe of the world), imperial privileges, which were given, according to tradition, to the Archbishop of Cyprus. The iconographie subject is, without any doubt, the creation of Leontios and concealed behind it are symbolisms of the secret longings of the enslaved Greeks of Cyprus. The Apostle Barnabas is, then, shown to be blessing his homeland of Cyprus, as its missionary, protector and saviour par excellence, and the Archbishop of the day, his successor on the throne. St Barnabas was established as the patron saint of the Autocephalous Church of Cyprus in the late fifth century, w h e n the Roman doctr ine of apostolicity on apostolic sees made its appearance in the East and was at that t ime declared to be a principle of ecclesiastical organisation. Leontios seems to have been a p r i e s t -monk at the archiépiscopal court, wi th access to the upper reaches of Cyprus society, and to libraries. It is apparent from his work that he had a good knowledge of history and of the local hagiography of the Church of Cyprus, and was the sole portrai t-painter of his age, h is subjects inc luding the Archbishops of Cyprus Christodoulos II (1682-1685?) and Iakovos I ( I69II692?) . 8 Typical is the use of escutcheons in his icons for the inclusion of inscriptions or dates. He could be identified wi th the painter Leontios 'Lefkosianos' (of Nicosia), w h o m the m o n k Akakios ment ions in his texts of 1733. Leontios had studied paint ing for ten years in Russia. His icons, wi th their onion-domed Russian churches, provide evidence of this. Leontios also had connections wi th the fig. 1: Saint Barnabas, 1Ó73-


The objective of this study is to determine the influence of a participative leadership by the head of schools against a working motivation, the influence of organizational culture over a working motivation, the influence of a participative leadership by head of schools on an affective commitment, the influence of the organizational culture on an affective commitment and the influence of working motivation on an affective commitment on the SMPs Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara district. In this case, for collecting the data obtained by an questionnaire instrument.
By the research in the result indicated that there is a significance influence between a participative leadership of head of school over their motivation to work as teacher. It is noted in the assessment over the correlation in line between the participative leadership of head school with the working motivation of the teachers about 0.395, with rate of p31 = 0.395 obtained the value tcount = 4.534. It is noted a significance influence between the organizational culture with the working motivation of teachers some 0.395 with its rate of p32 = 0.350 obtained its rate tcount = 3.946.
Still, it is noted a significance influence between a participative leadership of those head of school on their affective commitment as teacher. For this rate noted on the result of count in line correlation between participative leadership of head of school with affective commitment of teacher 0.280. With rate p41 = 0.280 obtained the result rate t count = 3.077. This rate has been referred to t table with N = 115 on the rate of 5% = 1.560. It is found a significance influence between the organizational culture on the affective commitment of the teachers. This moment should be noted in the line correlation between the organizational culture with the affective commitment of teachers in rate 0.294 with the rate of p 42 = 0.294, obtained its rate tcount = 3.145, for this is referred to the rate table to N = 115 on rate of 5% = 1.560.
It is noted yet a significance influence immediately between the working motivation to the affective commitment of the teachers, for in this case noted by the result of a line correlation in working to the affective commitment as teacher noted 0.233. With p43 = 0.233 was obtained a rate of = 2.522. This rate has been referred to the t table in N – 115 on the rate of 5% = 1.560. So, the hypothesis as submitted mention that a significance of motivation works on the affective commitment of teacher is acceptable and reliable. The rate of directly influence of variable motivation of working to the effective commitment of teacher is noted 5.42%.


Several samples of copper(I)complexes of quinaldic acid, methyl- and ethyl quinaldates have been prepared and characterized in the solid state. Extensive measurements of thermogravimetric analysis (T.G.A.), the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity and the action of energetic gamma absorbed dose (5.18 × 107/rd) on the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity were conducted and discussed in details. The semiconductivity of materials investigated was established under experimental conditions used.


Objective To investigate the feasibility of assessing the viscoelastic properties of the brain using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and a novel MRE transducer to determine the relationship between the viscoelastic properties and glymphatic function in neurologically normal individuals. Materials and Methods This prospective study included 47 neurologically normal individuals aged 23–74 years (male-to-female ratio, 21:26). The MRE was acquired using a gravitational transducer based on a rotational eccentric mass as the driving system. The magnitude of the complex shear modulus |G*| and the phase angle φ were measured in the centrum semiovale area. To evaluate glymphatic function, the Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) method was utilized and the ALPS index was calculated. Univariable and multivariable (variables with P < 0.2 from the univariable analysis) linear regression analyses were performed for |G*| and φ and included sex, age, normalized white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, brain parenchymal volume, and ALPS index as covariates. Results In the univariable analysis for |G*|, age (P = 0.005), brain parenchymal volume (P = 0.152), normalized WMH volume (P = 0.011), and ALPS index (P = 0.005) were identified as candidates with P < 0.2. In the multivariable analysis, only the ALPS index was independently associated with |G*|, showing a positive relationship (β = 0.300, P = 0.029). For φ, normalized WMH volume (P = 0.128) and ALPS index (P = 0.015) were identified as candidates for multivariable analysis, and only the ALPS index was independently associated with φ (β = 0.057, P = 0.039). Conclusion Brain MRE using a gravitational transducer is feasible in neurologically normal individuals over a wide age range. The significant correlation between the viscoelastic properties of the brain and glymphatic function suggests that a more organized or preserved microenvironment of the brain parenchyma is associated with a more unimpeded glymphatic fluid flow.


RICHARD MILLER BEGAN A SECTION IN his The Structure of Singing entitled "The Open Throat (Gola Aperta)" with the following statement: "It would be hard to find a teacher who recommended singing with a closed throat."1 While some voice teachers avoid addressing the issue directly, experience and reason suggest that most teachers advocate the proverbial "open throat." At least two excellent articles addressing this topic have previously appeared in the Journal of Singing.2 The directive to have an open throat goes back at least to the writings of the early Italian pedagogues, all of whom recommended singing with una gola aperta. Specifically, the Italian school pedagogic literature maintained that "inhaling through a smile" or as if "inhaling the fragrance of a rose" opens the throat.CONCERNS WITH OPEN THROAT DIRECTIVESIn contrast to general agreement about the value of having an open throat, concerns about directives and/or conscious attempts to open the throat also exist. The smile directive recommended above is thought by many teachers to be excessively lateral and to cause a "spread tone" and therefore, if used at all, has been supplanted by "inner smile" imagery. Richard Miller, an advocate of the international Italian school of singing, raised concern in the chapter cited above about the use of yawn imagery by some to open the throat.In the literature of vocal pedagogy can be found sources that advocate as the ideal position for singing exactly the fully distended pharyngeal and buccal posture found in the yawn.3Then later:To breathe as though inhaling deeply the fragrance of a rose is to accomplish the buccopharyngeal position of gola aperta, in direct contrast to techniques of the open throat achieved through the yawn.4Others echo the concern that a throaty, swallowed tone can result from attempts to open the throat. Some speech language pathologists are leery of open throat directives as being contrary to the frontal vibratory feedback typically sought in resonant voice therapy.ANATOMIC REALITIESIn pursuit of fact-based pedagogy, let us examine what the situation really is. First it must be noted that the muscles that open the throat are not in the throat; indeed, there are no muscles that can directly expand the pharynx.5 All pharyngeal muscles are termed constrictors for a reason: when activated, they narrow or constrict the pharynx. Since the spinal column is directly behind the back throat wall, unless the spine itself is contorted it is not possible to distend the pharynx posteriorly, perception to the contrary notwithstanding. The only muscle actions that in some sense actually open the throat are:* relaxing the pharyngeal muscles.* elevating the soft palate from above.* lowering or settling the larynx from below.* fronting the tongue.* decompressing the thyrohyoid space.* retracting or deconstricting the false vocal folds.The Challenge: False KinesthesiaThe principal challenge to effective throat opening is this: our kinesthesia (sensory awareness) of throat space is misleading-in fact, it is exactly backward. If you ask a group of people which vowel feels the most open-throated, most will cite /a/, or which vowel the most closed-throated, most cite /i/. This is indeed the way it feels. If asked to inhale through their most exaggeratedly open-throated sensation, most people will make a yawny /a/, which upon inhalation will be accompanied by a moderately loud turbulent noise and cooling in the laryngopharynx (perceptual throat). Paradoxically the throat is rather narrow in the lal and at its most open posture with the vowel /i/, primarily due to the difference in tongue shape and tongue fronting of those vowels (Figure 1).Noiseless InhalationWhen the throat is in the instinctive but false open-throated feeling upon inhaling, the inhalation is noisy and there is a cooling sensation in the throat behind the tongue, precisely where the narrowing occurs. …


Porotektosilicate frameworks of zeolites, including high silica materials, are considerably more reactive than we tend to think. This has been demonstrated by studies of /sup 18/O exchange between high-purity samples of sysnthetic zeolite ZSM-5 in the ammonium form and liquid water at 95/sup 0/C. The investigation of the /sup 18/O-exchange kinetics revealed a two-step reaction which can be interpreted in terms of hydroxyl groups exchanging relatively rapidly (primary exchange) and oxygen atoms from T-O-T bridges exchanging at a rate about 40 times slower (secondary exchange). Since the T sites in ZSM-5 contain mostly Si and only minor amounts of Al, the reported findings imply that not only Si-O-Al but also Si-O-Si bridges are cleaved under relatively mild conditions in the presence of water. 2 figures, 1 table.


PURPOSE: An electronic pen, an input method using the same, and a display device for the same are provided to implement a display device for electronic pen input without additional processes or components for pattern formation. CONSTITUTION: An electronic pen generates a light in a display direction through a light source(610). The electronic pen takes a photograph of the display through a camera unit(620). The electronic recognizes a BM(Black Matrix) pattern of the display device in the photographed image(630). The electronic pen detects a light source irradiating position on the display device(640). [Reference numerals] (610) Emitting light source of an electronic pen; (620) Photographing a camera; (630) Recognizing a pattern of a BM; (640) Detecting an input location; (650) Outputting an input location; (AA) Start; (BB) End


Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) on cognitive functions in patients of depressive episode. Design and Setting: It was an observational analytical study conducted in Departments of Psychiatry Military Hospital Rawalpindi and the Naval Hospital (PNS Shifa) Karachi. Methodology: Fifty-five patients with depressive episode who were to undergo ECT treatment were included. They were administered translated versions of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) 24 hours before first ECT and 3 hours after first, second, fourth and sixth ECT and one month after the last ECT. Pre ECT cognitive functions were compared with those after subsequent ECTs. Data was compiled and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10.0 calculating mean values and p-value for determining the significance of difference which was set at 0.05. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 29 years. Thirty-nine (71%) were males, 16 (29%) were females; 24 (44%) were taking tricyclic antidepressants as compared to 31 (56%) who were on other antidepressants. ECT had a significant effect on registration and recall of memory in the depressed patients who underwent six ECTs given by bilateral electrode placement and this persisted one-month after the last ECT. There was no significant effect of ECT on orientation, attention and concentration component of cognitive functions one month after last ECT. Language functions including comprehension and articulation remained unaffected. Conclusion: in


In this tutorial paper the authors review the interactions of man with machines from a hierarchical point of view. These interactions have been principally associated with utilization of machines until the last decade. During this latter period, the development of computers as data-processing and information-retrieval devices has evolved to a higher level of interactions. Several pertinent accomplishments and seemingly inherent problems associated with these developments are presented.


This paper explores the integration of leisure activities of new residents in the urbanization to land expropriating,by interview and observation on a survey of new residents in the urbanization.The results indicate that most new residents have gradually changed their leisure styles into urban ones.They show harmonization in interpersonal communication and a broad communication extension.Most new residents have a certain level of community attachment and are active in participating in community activities.


Objective To review the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) with the transplantation of blood pedicle fetus thymus. Methods The dead fetus less than 6 months after induction of labor with water bag were transplanted to the patients who received thymectomy without good effects. The prepared thymus was anastomosized by using vein to vein and artery to artery method. The changes of sub group of T cell were observed after transplantation. Results All the transplanted thymus were survival without rejection and the patients were followed up for 2 to 19 months. The symptoms of myasthenia were relieved without oral intake of neostigmine and corticosteroids. The CD3 and CD8 levels were increased as compared with those before operation and the ratio of CD4/CD8 decreased. The normal immuno function of the patients was restored. Conclusions The treatment of MG with the transplantation of blood pedicle fetus thymus could obtain better blood supply with less injury and maintain the thymus action much longer due to unchanged micro-environment of cell. It can avoid the retrogeneration and apoptosis of the fetus thymus. The method might bring a bright future for the patients with MG.


Withdrawal symptoms are common during methamphetamine (METH) abstinence. This study aimed to explore the association between serum interleukins and withdrawal symptoms during METH abstinence.


This paper explores the life and motivations of Denmark Vesey, a former slave from Charleston, South Carolina, who in 1822 attempted to lead an insurrection of blacks. Vesey, who spent the early part of his life in bondage, witnessed the atrocities of slavery committed against his people by the white population. The horrors he saw as a slave left an indelible impression that followed him for the remainder of his life. Through the formation of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston in 1816, Vesey used his status as a church-leader to bring together the Negro populations of the city and preach a message of God most had never before heard. Though his uprising did not succeed and Vesey was executed for his crimes, his attempts to lead others to freedom served as an inspiration for other rebellions such as those led by Nat Turner in 1831 and Frederick Douglass in 1862.


Data generated from some deterministic dynamical systems may appear random. This phenomenon is called chaos. Many classical test statistics cannot distinguish this type of data from IID random observations. Recently, some new test statistics based on correlation integrals were proposed in the literature. However, the statistical properties of these new test statistics have not been studied. This paper studies the asymptotic properties of these test statistics under the IID null hypothesis. Establishing the asymptotic distributions of the test statistics facilitates statistical hypothesis testing. The asymptotic null distributions derived are supported by Monte Carlo simulations.


In 2001 the realisation of the new CERES-Paragon Terminal was finished after 2 years of intensive work on design, construction and installation. The terminal, designed to handle the new generation of Jumbo-vessels with capacities of 6,000 TEU and more, has a so-called Indented Berth, allowing (un)loading operations on both sides of the ship. A total of 9 ship-toshore container cranes will increase the berth transfer capacity to 300 moves/hr, thus keeping the in-port time of even the largest ships within 24 hrs. The total capacity of the terminal is about 1 million TEU/year in the first phase, with expansion possibilities to double that figure in the future. The terminal layout has been developed by means of computer simulations of the logistic process. This included the complex traffic between the aprons on both sides of the Indented Berth and the stacking areas, and the connection to truck, rail and barge transport, all of which are provided on the terminal. The design of the Indented Berth required hydraulic and nautical studies to determine the overall dimensions and test the viability of the berthing process in terms of safety and time duration. The final design was tested by pilots in a Real Time Simulator of MARIN the Netherlands, proving that the manoeuvre was safe, even under quite adverse weather conditions. The paper describes the results of these studies and presents some innovative design features, including the structural design of the quay walls on both sides of the Indented Berth.


We propose a flexible 2D bit-parallel optical interconnect method for use in large-bandwidth inter-processor communications. We have studied various possible input/output coupling schemes, and have modeled power loss and resolution degradation mechanisms associated with the schemes. We have also performed experiments to investigate the power efficiency and imaging resolution characteristics of the interconnect schemes.


Adequate consumption of dietary fiber has been associated with many health benefits. Unfortunately, most Americans do not consume adequate amounts of dietary fiber. We developed a personalized, Internet based educational module for college students to be used together with a previously validated, abbreviated food frequency questionnaire (AFFQ) for dietary fiber. Invitations to participate were sent to 10,000 college students. Members of the control group (n=791) completed only the AFFQ. Treatment group members (n=655) completed the AFFQ and educational module. This module includes information on the importance of dietary fiber, intake recommendations, dietary sources, how to include it in a "college‐student friendly" diet, and goal setting. The information was personalized based on each participant's answers on the AFFQ. At baseline, mean age, body mass index (BMI) and total fiber intake did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Approximately 1 month later, 901 individuals who completed the first phase repeated the AFFQ to assess changes in fiber intake. Mean total dietary fiber intake among female treatment group members (n=284) increased from 19.7 g/day to 21 g/day (P<0.01); that of male treatment group members (n=105) from 20.7 g/day to 22.9 g/day (P<0.05). Mean total dietary fiber intake for female control group members (n=382) decreased from 19.7 g/day to 17.9 g/day (P<0.05), and remained unchanged for male control group members. For female and male treatment group members, whole grain and legume intake increased significantly. These results suggest that the educational module was successful at improving dietary fiber intake. The design for this educational tool may be useful for other nutrition topics and/or other populations.


We consider two-player integer allocation plms and provide axiomatic characterizations of adaptations of the Nash (1950) an Kalai-Smorodinsky (1975) solutions fo such problems. We also relate the theory dveloped for integer allocation problems, to the problem of fair allocation of indivisible objects among two agents. We refer to such problems here, as (two-player) fair matching problems.