*Fundamental to wind turbine operation is keeping the rotor facing toward the prevailing wind. Doing so maximizes the power capture and reduces the asymmetric loads on the rotor blades. This study investigates a possible new yaw control technique through actively varying blade pitch angles. It focuses on the feasibility of active yaw control through periodic state-space individual pitch control on the WindPACT 1.5MW three-bladed upwind turbine. The non-linear wind turbine simulator FAST was used in Matlab/Simulink software. A low order controller model with two degrees-of-freedom was used during the control system design and simulations were performed on a high order nonlinear model. The periodic linear optimal control technique was used in this study. Results of the study proved that yaw control was achievable through periodic state-space individual pitch control, without affecting performances on power generation or speed regulation. Fatigue loads could be kept within an acceptable range with the assistance of a yaw brake and other tower load control algorithms. Fine tuning may further improve the performance of the controller.


Analysis of temperatures retrieved from satellite limb radiance measurements of the stratosphere and mesosphere during January-February 1979 reveals 3 prominent waves: wave number 3 with period 2.1 days, wave number 4 with period 1.8 days, and wave number 1 with period approximately 9 days. Each of these has maximum amplitude in the equatorward shear zone of the summer mesospheric easterly jet and propagates westward. Characteristics of the 1.8 day wave number 4 mode indicate that it arises from instability of the jet. The set of three waves may comprise an interacting triad.


With the crude oil worldwide getting heavier and deteriorating in quality,and increasing(demand) in light oil,delayed coking has drawn more and more attention in recent years due to its low(equipment) investment,simple process and proven technology.Latest developments in delayed coking processes were reviewed in this paper.It was indicated that main trends of the developments in delayed coking process would be focused on larger scale,flexibility in feedstock,optimization of process conditions and integration of different technologies.


One of bigger challenges in the university teaching is how promoting the pupils' active and significant learning. In this article we presented a learning experience using the role-playing technique. The student must switch his role as receptor of information and becoming an active leaner. On the one hand, he has to synthesize and to transfer the knowledge to his peers (teacher's role). On the other hand, he is a reviewer of information produced by partners (reviewer's role). Teacher's role was performed in a group activity, promoting at the same time collaborative work, and the reviewer's role was accomplished in an individual task. The analysis of data collected demonstrates its validity as motivating and efficient technique in the learning process and students reported better understanding of the concepts using the role-playing.


Vehicles capable of sensing their surroundings are not only of interest to car manufactures for safety systems, but the underlying systems are also applicable to autonomous space exploration, military applications e.g. the DARPA challenge and fully autonomous passenger cars. The ability to autonomously detect and avoid pedestrians, for example, would be the next step in the suite of existing vision based driver assistance technologies such as road sign detection and lane departure warning systems. The main goal of this work is to explore all the tasks involved in the processing of raw sensor data into scene description which is meaningful to a computer. This starts with the selection, configuration and evaluation of current vehicle sensors. Then the processing and identification of the collected data. The project will evaluate a range of currently used techniques in the field of image processing and classification. In areas where information is currently lacking, such as a comparison between classification techniques, further investigation is carried out. Where current techniques do not provide results ideal for this application, improvements have been suggested.


Affective computing is an interdisciplinary field that studies computational methods that relate to or influence emotion. These methods have been applied to interactive media artworks, but they have focused on affect detection rather than affect generation. For affect generation, computationally creative methods need to be explored that have recently been driven by the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), a deep learning method. The experiment presented in this paper, Forging Emotions, explores the use of visual emotion datasets and the working processes of GANs for visual affect generation, that is, for generating images that can convey or trigger specified emotions. This experiment concludes that the methodology used so far by computer science researchers to build image datasets for describing high-level concepts such as emotions is insufficient and proposes utilizing emotional networks of associations according to psychology research. Forging Emotions also concludes that to generate affect visually, merely corresponding to basic psychology findings, such as bright or dark colours, does not seem adequate. Therefore, research efforts should aim to understand the structure of trained GANs and compositional GANs in order to produce genuinely novel compositions that can convey or trigger emotions through the subject matter of generated images.


Dialectal differences are frequently cited by members of a majority group as their main means of identifying members of a minority ethnic group. However, existing stereotypes of minority language varieties and their speakers often suggest that social prejudices influence attitudes towards minority groups and their linguistic varieties. The present study examines the possible consequences of social prejudice on the attitudes towards Dominican Spanish in Puerto Rico. Dominican immigrants constitute the largest minority in Puerto Rico (Duany 2005). In spite of the linguistic similarities between Dominican and Puerto Rican Spanish (Lipski 1994) Dominican Spanish and its speakers have been found to be widely discriminated in Puerto Rico (Duany 2005; Mejía Pardo 1993). Relative to the Puerto Rican majority Dominican immigrants often have dark complexion, and less opportunities to access the educational system and a competitive work force (Duany 2005). These facts beg the question of whether and to what extent Puerto Ricans' attitudes towards Dominican Spanish truly are based on linguistic differences. The results of the verbal guise study imply that linguistic differences play an important part in the identification of national origin. Moreover, ratings on social and educational attributes of the guise speakers are indicative of the existence of prejudicial notions of socioeconomic and educational background.


Background Women with HIV (WWH) face heightened risks of heart failure; however, insights on immune/inflammatory pathways potentially contributing to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction among WWH remain limited. Setting Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Methods Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a sensitive measure of LV systolic function, with lower cardiac strain predicting incident heart failure and adverse heart failure outcomes. We analyzed relationships between GLS (cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging) and monocyte activation (flow cytometry) among 20 WWH and 14 women without HIV. Results WWH had lower GLS compared to women without HIV (WWH vs. women without HIV: 19.4±3.0 vs. 23.1±1.9%, P<0.0001). Among the whole group, HIV status was an independent predictor of lower GLS. Among WWH (but not among women without HIV), lower GLS related to a higher density of expression of HLA-DR on the surface of CD14+CD16+ monocytes (ρ = -0.45, P = 0.0475). Further, among WWH, inflammatory monocyte activation predicted lower GLS, even after controlling for CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load. Conclusions Additional studies among WWH are needed to examine the role of inflammatory monocyte activation in the pathogenesis of lower GLS and to determine whether targeting this immune pathway may mitigate risks of heart failure and/or adverse heart failure outcomes. Trial registration Clinical trials.gov registration: NCT02874703.


Carroll CL, Stoltz P, Schramm CM, Zucker AR. Chest . 2009;135(5):1186–1192

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY. The purpose of this study was to explore the hypothesis that genotypic differences of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) affect patient responses to short-term β2-AR agonist treatment for children who experience severe exacerbations of asthma.

STUDY POPULATION. Children between 2 and 18 years of age with physician-diagnosed asthma admitted to the ICU at a Connecticut medical center during a 4-year period ( N = 37).

METHODS. A modified pulmonary index …


The city of Chicago is in the preliminary engineering final environmental impact statement phase of planning for a central area circulator system. Because of the wealth of existing bus and transit service and the amount of activity taking place in the central area, detailed modeling of transit options was required. Described here are enhancements to the transportation network coding and analysis made to travel demand forecasting models necessary to properly model the various transit options. These enhancements include determination of travel speeds on the basis of intersection control and signal timings, explicit coding of transit stops, and detailed multipath transit assignments. Finally the reasonability of applying the detailed network processing techniques in typical regional model applications is discussed.


Approximately 4300 people are diagnosed with a brain or other central nervous system (CNS) tumour annually in the UK. They have poor prognosis, yet little is known about risk factors of the tumours.

To investigate the role of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the risk of brain and …


The ground-state energy of the charged Bose gas is calculated by the pair-correlation variational method of Girardeau and Arnowitt. The method is exact in the high-density limit (${r}_{s}\ensuremath{\ll}1$) and provides a variational extrapolation to intermediate densities. The leading terms of the high-density expansion, obtained by iteration of the variational integral equation, are ${u}_{0}=\ensuremath{-}0.804{{r}_{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{3}{4}}\ensuremath{-}(\frac{1}{8})\mathrm{ln}{r}_{s}+O(1)$, where ${u}_{0}$ is the ground-state energy per particle in Rydbergs and ${r}_{s}$ is the ratio of the mean interparticle spacing to the Bohr radius. The first term was obtained previously by Foldy, but the logarithmic term is new; it is related to screening of the long-range correlations at a distance ${r}_{0}\ensuremath{\sim}{{r}_{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3}}$, in analogy with the logarithmic term in the correlation energy of the electron gas. Results of numerical solutions for the intermediate-density region are presented, ranging up to ${r}_{s}=10$. On the basis of a comparison with the energy calculated from the known low-density expansion, it is estimated that the transition into Wigner's electron crystal (here a boson crystal) should occur at ${r}_{s}\ensuremath{\sim}5$.


Abstract This paper deals with the behavior of piles subjected to inclined compressive loads. Some numerical results are first presented to document the influence of the load inclination on the pil...


Based on the result of a survey of the agriculture expo'effect, the article points out that the impact is different on different age, sex, income, education and different community groups. It is an effective channel for middle-aged, adjacent male farmers to learn agricultural sic-tech knowledge and acquire information, but it does not change anything for the marginalized females in acquiring agricultural knowledge and market information. Based on this, the authors make some policy suggestions.


Never before in history has the kiln operator had as much information about his drying processes. Today it's available! Historically, kiln operators have not had much information available about what was going on inside the kilns. Drying schedules were arrived at largely by trial and error. But with today's instruments, we can actually "see" into the kiln, and monitor and control the drying process. I was recently in New Zealand and Australia visiting sawmills. Down under they use very aggressive drying schedules on Radiata Pine. They routinely use kiln temperatures of 160°C (320°F). One of the mills I visited had an entire charge go up in smoke seven hours after it had been pulled from the kiln. According to the kiln manager, this was not an isolated occurrence. His concern, like others, is that the wood is dry. The information was not available to him to avoid a very expensive mistake. The loss was limited to that charge, but I share that story to illustrate the importance of controlling the drying process. But why would a kiln operator, or mill manager want (short of fire prevention) a kiln monitoring system? Is it worth paying attention to what is happening inside the kiln? Does it really make that much difference? What are the costs? What are the benefits? Can I really effect the bottom line of my company by incorporating this information into my drying schedules? I'll answer these questions now. In 1969 Bassett presented a paper from Weyerhaeuser's technical center. Bassett stated, "The rate of degrade for softwood dimension lumber is in the order of magnitude of $1.00 to $3.00 per 1000 board feet for every 1% of moisture content lost in the normal drying range." Many thought Bassett's statistics were conservative even in 1969. Consider what that would cost in 1994 dollars. More recently, Dean Huber presented a technical report on lumber drying in the May 1991 issue of Forest Industries Magazine, now Wood Technology. He states, "The cost of degrade due to over drying is about $3.00 per 1,000 board feet for each 1% reduction in moisture content below 17 percent. This cost and loss increases to about $7.00 per 1,000 board feet for each one percent reduction below 12 percent moisture content." Lets talk about a fictitious mill that is drying 40,000 MBF per year. In addition, lets assume a loss of $3.00 for every 1 percent moisture content that the wood is over dried. Let us also assume that the mill is drying to a moisture content that is lower than they need to by 5 percent. Therefore, the cost of this over drying would be 3 x 5 or $15.00 per 1,000 BF of lumber dried in that mill. You then multiply 15 x 40,000 MBF you come up with $600,000.00 just for degrade cost. Again, these are very conservative numbers. The cost of this over drying is:


Treatment of 6-dimethylaminofulvene (1) with lithium anilide (2a) yields lithium [(N-phenylformimidoyl)cyclopentadienide], 3a, by an anilide addition/dimethylamine elimination reaction sequence. Similar treatment of 1 with the reagents Li[HNAr] [Ar = p-tolyl (2b), −2,6-dimethylphenyl (2c), or −2,6-diisopropylphenyl (2d)] gave the corresponding Li[C5H4CHNAr] products 3b, 3c, and 3d in good yields (80−90% isolated) as THF adducts. Crystallization from THF gave 3d·3THF, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction. It contains monomeric units in the solid state. The lithium atom is coordinated to the imino nitrogen atom and to three THF molecules in a tetrahedral arrangement. The C5H4 unit shows some residual bond alternation. In crystalline 3d it exhibits no contact to the alkali metal. The structural features of 3d can be described by a resonance hybrid of mesomeric structures of iminium-cyclopentadienide (i.e., C5H4CHN(Li·3THF)Ar, 3A) and of fulvenoide character (i.e., C5H4CHN(Li·3THF)Ar, 3B). The structu...


An eight-state network model of dynein's chemomechanical motor cycles is developed, in which the states of an effective single dynein head are represented by the number of ATP binding at the primary site and the number of ATP binding at other three secondary sites. The binding and unbinding of ATP, as well as the hydrolysis of ATP and the reverse process, are characterized by transition rates between certain states. Our results show that the stall force of dynein increases fast with ATP up to 1 mM ATP, beyond which it increases slowly to a saturated value, and that load and ATP concentration can adjust the step size of dynein, i.e., dynein can shift gears according to conditions. These results are in agreement with experiments [R. Mallik, B. C. Carter, S. A. Lex, S. J. King and S. P. Gross, Nature427, 649 (2004)].


Handlebar assembly as part of an axle component with a form of a hollow profile rods (1), wherein the handlebar (1) bearing receivers (4, 5), each aligned by a pair of openings (13, 14) of the hollow profile being formed, wherein at the apertures the bearing surfaces (17) for receiving an elastomer-metal bearing (8) are formed (13, 14) passages (16, 16 ') form. The elastomer-metal bearing (8) has a towards the bearing surfaces (17) supporting the outer sleeve (11) which is designed as an open hollow profile. There is described a method for producing such a link arrangement using a calibration during the pressing of the elastomer-metal bearing (8).


Summarizes and concludes the problems to be noted in the editing of disaster part and the disaster items in local supplementary paragraph in AB report, providing a reference for the editing work.


Covid-19 pandemic that occurs in Iitdonesia not only creates contagious disease resulting deaths, but also causes stagnancy in economic cycle of a country and its people. The policy of large-scale social restriction (PSBB) makes the company, factory, stores, supermarket and shopping centers temporarily stop their economic activities and terminate their employees. The results demonstrate that Bank Mandiri, as the lender, does not implement the policy of credit relaxation in the covid-19 pandemic to the debtors of subsidized mortgage in accordance with the law. Bank Mandiri makes special policy in the form of debtor classification, namely employees who have been terminated as the customers. External constraint comes from the debtors who state their inability to pay the installment of subsidized mortgage. Another constraint comes from the management of Bank Mandiri Medan City that has the technical implementation guidelines of credit relaxation distribution, based only on subjective assessment of the surveyor and the management of Bank Mandiri Medan City, guided by the justice limited by prudence principles.


The reasons why the introduction of Viability Assessment into UK Planning erodes the principles of the town and country planning system.


Social media has a big impact on everyday life, one of which is to communicate or to get information. Therefore, the development of social media applications makes people use social media applications to find information via the internet. The Instagram applications is one of the most popular social media because it has different topics based on post in the from of images or videos. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify a topic manually. One way to get implied information on social media is through topic modeling. This research was conducted to analyze the application of the LDA method to identify what topics are on Instagram at Multi Data Palembang University. The topics chosen in this study were obtained from LDA based on coherence values. This research uses 2 models, namely random forest and decision tree. Each model tested will produce different accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score values. Tests were carried out on the LDA labeling dataset and manual labeling, the test results on the LDA labeling dataset were very good using the random forest model with an accuracy values of 78%, precision 80%, recall 66.66%, and f1-score 72.72%.


A 45-year-old man presents with a 4- to 5-year history of an intermittent, asymptomatic, red, circular rash on his trunk. Trials of antifungal creams have not been successful. The patient is otherwise healthy and takes no medications.


The fragment method of calculation partition coefficients (P) has been extended to include the common amino acids (AAs). The results indicate that polar and charged side chains influence the hydrophobicity of atoms in the side chain in a predictable manner. Feild effects, as evidenced through polar proximity factors and bond factors, need to be considered for accurate estimation of transfer phenomena. The calculated log P and ΔG°′ values of the 20 AAs agree well with the observed values. Pro calculates to be more hydrophilic than the observed log P. Hydrophobicity scales for peptide side chain residues are compared and evaluated in terms of suitability. Calculated π values for nonpolar side chain residures agree well with the observed values; calculated values for uncharged polar side chain residues deviate by about 0.6 log units except for Gln and Cys; and polar side chain residues with charged side chains calculate as too hydorphilic. Reasons for the differences are explored. We also suggest that tightly bound water to polar moieties in amino acids and peptides may be transferred into the octanol phase during partitioning experiments. A quantitative methodology is persented which characterizes the thermodynamic partitioning of groups and individual atoms in amino acids and proteins.


Regularities of structure modification under boundary lubrication friction of 110Mn13 steel in as supplied condition and after impact ultrasonic treatment were studied. Based on results of transmission electron microscopy the peculiarities of changing fine structure in surface and subsurface layer are analyzed. On the basis of obtained data the revealed difference in wear pattern of specimens of both types are interpreted.


The sibling species composition of Anopheles farauti sensu lato in the Torres Strait islands was determined by cellulose acetate electrophoresis of isoenzymes. An. farauti No. 1 was widespread and the predominant species on all islands surveyed. An. farauti No. 2 was recorded on the southern islands of Horn and Prince of Wales. An. farauti No. 3 was not collected. Maximum biting activity of An. farauti No. 1 occurred around the middle of the night; insufficient An. farauti No. 2 were collected to determine biting activity. The majority of An. hilli fed before midnight although pre‐dawn activity peaks were also observed. In simultaneous indoor and outdoor collections, 11–64% of An. farauti No. 1 and 6–40% of An. hilli were caught indoors.


Raman spectroscopy based on the 1064-nm laser excitation was suggested as a handy non-invasive technique allowing to quickly determine sugar content in honey and similar food products. In the present study, the green 532-nm laser radiation is explored instead as it provides higher-quality spectra in a shorter time. The sample fluorescence was quenched by purification with activated carbon. For control mixture decomposition of Raman spectra to standard subspectra led to a typical error of the sugar content of 3%. Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra that could be measured at the shorter excitation wavelength as well provided a lower accuracy (~8%) than the Raman spectra because of instrumental sensitivity and noise limitations. The results show that Raman spectroscopy provides elegant and reliable means for fast analyses of sugar-based food products. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Full-rate (FR) and full-diversity (FD) are attractive features in MIMO systems. We refer to systems which achieve both FR and FD simultaneously as FRFD systems. Non-orthogonal STBCs can achieve FRFD without feedback, but their ML decoding complexities are high. V-BLAST without precoding achieves FR but not FD. FRFD can be achieved in V-BLAST through precoding given full channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). However, with limited feedback precoding, V-BLAST achieves FD, but with some rate loss. Our contribution in this paper is two-fold: $i)$ we propose a limited feedback (LFB) precoding scheme which achieves FRFD in $2\times 2$, $3\times 3$ and $4\times 4$ V-BLAST systems (we refer to this scheme as FRFD-VBLAST-LFB scheme), and $ii)$ comparing the performances of the FRFD-VBLAST-LFB scheme and non-orthogonal STBCs without feedback (e.g., Golden code, perfect codes) under ML decoding, we show that in $2\times 2$ MIMO system with 4-QAM/16-QAM, FRFD-VBLAST-LFB scheme outperforms the Golden code by about 0.6 dB; in $3\times 3$ and $4\times 4$ MIMO systems, the performance of FRFD-VBLAST-LFB scheme is comparable to the performance of perfect codes. The FRFD-VBLAST-LFB scheme is attractive because 1) ML decoding becomes less complex compared to that of non-orthogonal STBCs, 2) the number of feedback bits required to achieve the above performance is small, 3) in slow-fading, it is adequate to send feedback bits only occasionally, and 4) in most practical wireless systems feedback channel is often available (e.g., for adaptive modulation, rate/power control).


This brief points out two mistakes in a recently published paper on complex-valued recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Moreover, a new condition for the complex-valued activation function is presented, which is less conservative than the Lipschitz condition that is widely assumed in the literature. Based on the new condition and linear matrix inequality, some new criteria to ensure the existence, uniqueness, and globally asymptotical stability of the equilibrium point of complex-valued RNNs with time delays are established. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.


This work demonstrates the design of a rectenna to operate over wide dynamic input power range. It utilizes an adaptive reconfigurable rectifier to overcome the issue of early breakdown voltage in conventional rectifiers. A depletion-mode field-effect transistor has been introduced to operate as a switch and compensate at low and high input power levels for the rectifier. In addition, a meandered monopole antenna has been exploited to collect RF energy. The rectifier design achieves 40% of RF-DC power conversion efficiency over a wide dynamic input power range from −17 dBm to 27 dBm and the antenna exhibits a directivity of 1.92 dBi as well as a return loss of −33 dB. The rectenna is designed to operate in the 900 MHz ISM band and suitable for Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) applications.


This paper outlines the system developed at Loughborough University, through the ACORN Project (Access to Course Readings via Networks). It examines the development process, including the technical infrastructure, and also considers the economic and managerial implications and the potential impact on teaching and learning.


This paper presents a reflection on the relations of the female characters of Argenis y Poliarco with the power and shows the remarkable and unusual independence of some of them. Based on various passages of the play, this work will consider the technique with which the dramatist gives some women some privileges without cause at any time a violation of the laws of decorum and verisimilitude. The uniqueness of their lives and their status makes them examples of virtue and justifies the high degree of independence of many of them in specific situations.


In this paper, we describe Coarazuphium lundi sp. nov., from a single male specimen collected in Gruta 06L cave located in the municipality of Prudente de Morais (Minas Gerais state, Brazil). The two most striking differences between C. lundi and other species of the genus is the presence of two pairs of posterior supraorbital setae and the elytra shape with parallel, not rounded sides. Coarazuphium pains Álvares Ferreira 2002 is an endemic species restricted to a few caves at the Bambuí Carbonatic Group in the midwest of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The holotype of C. pains was unfortunately lost in 2010, due to a fire that destroyed almost the entire zoological collection at the Butantã Institute, São Paulo state in Brazil. In recent years, several species of the genus have been described and compared to C. pains only based on its paper description, clearly prompting the need for the C. pains neotype designation. In order to provide a necessary standard for comparison, a neotype is designed for this species based on the material collected from the best approximation of the type locality (caves). Lastly, we also provide a brief discussion on the presence of eyespots of C. cessaima, originally described as blind.


Charles Darwin said, "I was born a naturalist," expressing his extreme fascination with nature and with the world surrounding him from his early childhood onwards. This continued fascination and excitement was an important success factor for him becoming one of the greatest scientists and discoverers of all time. Many people would agree that most-if not all-young children as well are fascinated by the world that surrounds them. Yet, when they grow up, during their teenage years other interests might replace this excitement quite rapidly. So, how could we make sure that they do not lose this precious fascination? And, at which age should we focus our efforts in order to keep the sparks of wondering burning? And, how can we give them a more or less realistic idea about what it means to be a scientist, a programmer, or an engineer working on solutions for the challenges in our society? In this article, I provide a summary of a particular Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) approach we have developed that has been rolling out in schools in Belgium.


In order to investigate the evolution law of structure and chemical composition of diesel engine particulates during passing through Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and Diesel particulate filter (DPF), particulates samples emitted from a diesel engine with exhaust after-treatment devices were investigated using high resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Nanostructure and composition of the particulates were compared before and after the DOC and DPF at two operating conditions. The results of HRTEM reveal that the post-DOC primary particles possess more curved segments while the pre-DOC and post-DPF ones possess relatively extended and flat lamellae. At low speed and low load, there are more amorphous structures, while, at high speed and high load, laminated structure is more obvious and the lamellas are almost straight line segments. The results of Raman spectra show that Raman spectra of engine particulates are all composed of five peaks and the Raman shift of the peaks changes in a very narrow range. However, it can be seen that not only the degree of graphitization of the particulates but also the amount of organic fractions increased with the backward shift of the measuring point.


Touchless fingerprint sensing technologies have been developed to solve problems in touch-based sensing techniques because they do not require any contact between a sensor and a finger. While they can solve problems caused by the contact of a finger. In order to overcome these difficulties, we propose a new touchless fingerprint sensing device that captures image of fingerprint using camera. Human fingerprints are Unique. A critical step in automatic fingerprint matching is to reliably extract minutiae from the input fingerprint images. Here we first use several pre-processing steps on the binary image to enhance the quality of image, followed by minutia detection, removal of false minutia and features extraction. Final step is minutiae matching. The proposed method can be applied to other biometric applications requiring a large template for recognition.


This article uses a radically different methodology to address the question of the impact of minimum wage laws on employment and earnings. The methodology uses the adult wage structure which exists prior to a change in the federal minimum wage to identify the members of the subminimum wage population. This allows the parameterization of the disemployment effects of the minimum wage amendment on the subminimum population and the spillover employment effects on the above-minimum population. The members of the subminimum population are found to experience considerably reduced employment probabilities and annual hours worked (conditional on employment). Some evidence of above-minimum spillover effects is also found. The paper evaluates the impact of the minimum on the earnings distribution and concludes that the burden of the minimum wage falls most severely on females. This effect on adult females is surprisingly neutral with respect to race. The greatest beneficiaries of the minimum among the adult population are union members. Once again, this effect is relatively neutral with respect to race.


Distances on a complex spaceX that are invariant under biholomorphic maps have played an important role in the geometric approach to complex analysis. One of the oldest such distances is the the Carathéodory pseudodistance cX ("pseudo" because the distance between two points can be zero). It was introduced by Carathéodory in 1926 and is extremely simple to define. The distance between two points x and y is defined to be the largest distance (using the Poincaré hyperbolic distance) that can occur between f(x) and f(y) under a holomorphic map f from X to the unit disk D ⊂ C. The Kobayashi pseudodistance kX, introduced by Kobayashi in 1967, is defined in the opposite direction: the "distance" between two points x and y is now the infimum of the (hyperbolic) distance that can occur between two points a, b ∈ D for which there is a holomorphic map f from the disk to X mapping a to x and b to y. (Actually, there is a small technicality here; see Section 4 for the true definition.) A consequence of the Schwarz–Pick lemma on the disk (which says holomorphic self-maps of the disk are distance decreasing in the hyperbolic distance) is the fact that cX ≤ kX. For the purposes of motivating this paper, let us indulge in a short tangent. An interesting question—because of its geometric implications (including the existence of 1-dimensional analytic retracts)—is: For which complex spaces do we have cX = kX? The most important contribution to this question is by Lempert [11]. Lempert's theorem proves the Carathéodory and Kobayashi distances agree on a convex domain. This theorem came as a surprise for a couple of reasons: first, convexity is not a biholomorphic invariant; and second, which is our main point here, there were not many explicit examples available at the time. (The plot thickens on this problem: There is a domain—namely, the symmetrized bidisc— in C2 for which the two distances agree, yet this domain is not biholomorphically equivalent to a convex domain; see [9] for a summary of these results.) Although we cannot remedy the problem of a lack of examples in the past, we can attempt to add to the current selection of explicit examples. Many theorems about invariant metrics can be proved in the generality of complex spaces (see e.g. [10]) yet curiously there do not seem to be any nontrivial, explicit examples of the Carathéodory distance for a complex space with a singularity. Perhaps the


ABSTRACT When strontium(II) and barium(II) were extracted with 18-crown-6(l 8C6) and picrate ions into chloroform, log(distribution ratio of metal(II)) approached flat in a higher region of log[18C6], although it is reported that the distribution ratio of copper(II) or zinc(II) increases in proportion to the second order of 118C6]. From the extraction data analysis, the flat distribution ratio was explained by the formation of the aqueous complex with 18C6 and the stability constants for strontium(II) and barium(II) were determined to be 2.89 and 3.68 as logβ1respectively.


Aim: to evaluate the ability of the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan (Lorista, KPKA) to reduce the level of uric acid and to correct the parameters of vascular wall elasticity in patients with arterial hypertension, hyperuricemia, and gout. Subjects and methods. An open-label, randomized, controlled, parallel group comparative (losartan versus conventional therapy with other antihypertensive drugs for 24 weeks) trial enrolled 40 patients with arterial hypertension, hyperuricemia, and gout. Results. No significant differences were found between the groups of losartan (Lorista) and conventional therapy with other antihypertensive drugs groups in their antihypertensive activity. At the same time the losartan group showed a considerably more decrease in uric acid levels than did the conventional group (34,7% versus 7,8% in the group of therapy with other antihypertensive drugs (p<0,05), with no differences being detected in the degree of daily uric acid excretion. In addition, losartan (Lorista) monotherapy promoted the better elasticity of both muscular and elastic vessels to a greater extent than therapy with other antihypertensive drugs, which appeared as a reduction in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) by 14,2 and 6,4% (p<0,05) and carotid-radial PWV by 15,7 and 8,3% (p<0,05). The parameters of the elasticity of cushioning vessels (augmentation index and central aortic pressure) and intima-media thickness improved only during losartan therapy.


The application of natural fiber composite material in structural and interior parts of the automotive system is emerging. In this article an investigation is made to understand the effect of abrasive water jet machining parameters on surface roughness and kerf angle of the Curaua and Basalt fibers hybrid reinforced polyester composites. To identify the most effective machining parameter the MOORA and Principle Component method are used. It is found that jet pressure and feed rate are the most significant factors in influencing the surface roughness and kerf angle. Further, the effect of basalt content in the Curaua composites mechanical properties of Curaua composites, perhaps, a minor influence, is found with parameter optimization of basalt content.


Electrification of vehicles as well as mobility-on-demand (MoD) services are two important trends these years. Hence, the supply of charging infrastructure (CI) becomes a necessity to ensure a smooth transition. While private vehicle owners expect a high availability of charging possibilities, the utilization of CI often suffers. Including charging processes of MoD vehicles could benefit the charging operator as well as the MoD operator: Charging processes of MoD vehicles can be planned centrally thereby increasing public CI utilization while MoD operators do not have to invest in their own CI. We study the effects of an electric MoD fleet using public CI to investigate the following questions: What are the effects of using public CI on the MoD performance? How do these charging processes influence public CI usage? To quantify the effects, we use an agent-based fleet simulation framework to model a ride-pooling MoD service and incorporate a rule-based charging strategy. With the case study of Munich, Germany, we test three different charging scenarios: 1) MoD vehicles charge at a single depot, 2) MoD vehicles charge at a variety of depots and 3) MoD vehicles charge at public CI. Results suggest that an MoD service can use public CI without degrading the level of service given today's charging processes of private vehicles. The study implies that MoD providers can decrease empty fleet mileage for the trips towards the CI without the investment costs of owning multiple depots throughout the city.


Background: Rising rates of obesity, risk factors for
diabetes, and other chronic diseases in children have been linked
to energy imbalance and sugar sweetened beverage (SSB)
overconsumption. Access to SSBs, parenting style, and parental
modeling may play a strong role in influencing child SSB
consumption. Methods: A sample of 1,139 parent/child dyads from
throughout the U.S. was examined to test the association of
parents' and children's SSB intake. The relationship between parent
and child consumption was examined in bivariate and multivariate
logistic regression models. Results: This study finds a
statistically significant association between parent and child SSB
consumption. An unadjusted odds ratio shows that the odds of a
child consuming SSBs daily are 2.01 times higher in children that
have parents who are themselves daily SSB consumers. This
relationship is reduced to an odds ratio of 1.89 when demographic
variables and potential interactions are introduced into the
analysis, and race/ethnicity proves to be an effect modifier in the
relationship between parent and child SSB consumption. Conclusion:
Results suggest that parent SSB consumption is associated with
child SSB consumption; however this association was statistically
significant only in white parent/child dyads. This association
between parent and child SSB consumption can influence public
health practices and initiatives aimed at curbing childhood obesity
and chronic disease by encouraging policy makers and public health
professionals to make parents the focus of
interventions.


Summary

Braginskii (1964) initiated the study of homogeneous dynamos in a cylindrical symmetric volume in which the conducting fluid moves almost symmetrically, and in which the magnetic Reynolds number of the symmetric components of this motion is large. He showed that, in a first approximation, the effects of the small non-axisymmetric components of flow could be simply represented in the equation for the symmetric part of the magnetic field by a generating term, provided new 'effective' components of symmetric flow and field were defined. We show that this remarkable result is also true in the second approximation.


Group technology and cellular manufacturing are important methodologies for enhancing the operational efficiency of different production and servicing plants. A number of premier organizations engaged in the manufacturing and servicing activities reported substantially rich benefits through the implementation of cellular manufacturing techniques. This paper discusses the methodology of best possible cell formation through Rank Order Clustering (ROC) method for the attainment of lean manufacturing concepts. A critical analysis is made regarding the manufacturing process of the rotary blower production line. To assist in hasslefree implementation of minimum possible material movement in the plant at different points of production line, the formed cells are analyzed with an existing production plan. The entire layout is redrawn for the proposed modification. A detailed database is prepared in order to investigate the performance criteria of the minimum possible material movement through weighted travel of materials throughout the plant. Here, in the paper, the incidence matrix in relation to the production plan in machine engagements is prepared to analyze the critical issues related to the material handling. Cellular manufacturing strategy is adopted for the smooth operation of the manufacturing unit and for better work in process inventory management.


Environmental attitude studies have been a key focus within the environmental research field, as the significance of ecological citizenship for the sustainable development discourse has been highly recognized in recent years. In this context, the influence of demographic variables on environmental attitude is an emerging issue that is widely investigated in the west. In this respect, this paper seeks to understand the impact of demographic variables on the environmental worldview of Famagusta residents in order to make a scientific contribution to the possible construction of relevant strategies. A random sample of 165 residents within the territory of Famagusta Municipality was chosen for the survey. The survey tapped the relationship between environmental (ecocentric and anthropocentric) attitudes and selected demographic variables (age, gender, education and household income) and the survey results were evaluated with the help of SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) analyses. The findings reveal that younger respondents, women and the highly educated do not achieve higher scores of environmental attitudes and household income has a statistically significant nonlinear effect.


The Alpha Jet Atmospheric eXperiment (AJAX) has been measuring atmospheric ozone, carbon dioxide, methane and meteorological parameters from near the surface to 8000 m since January 2011. The main goals are to study photochemical ozone production and the impacts of extreme events on western US air quality, provide data to support satellite observations and aid in the quantification of emission sources e.g. wildfires, urban outflow, diary and oil and gas. The aircraft is based at Moffett Field and flies multiple times a month to sample vertical profiles at selected sites in California and Nevada, providing long-term data records at these sites. AJAX is also uniquely positioned to launch with short notice sampling flights in rapid response to extreme events e.g. the 2013 Yosemite Rim fire. This talk will focus on the impacts of vertical transport on surface air quality, and investigation of emission sources from diaries and wildfires.


Counselling with a focus on the treatment of anger has become associated with batterer intervention programs. Dan Short presents mounting evidence that violence prevention programs based primarily on psychoeducational and cognitive behavioural methods are failing to prevent violence. He suggests that while some blame poor outcomes on those being treated, it is also possible that those responsible for treatment have adopted approaches that are insufficient for this particular problem. Looking to the science of emotion, it can be seen why the use of conscious deliberate cognition to regulate emotion is not effective for individuals who have long periods of intense emotional arousal. The most significant problem is the refractory period during which cognition is governed by emotion, allowing only thoughts that confirm, justify, or heighten the emotion. Short argues that for those with severe anger and rage problems, emotional process work is needed, specifically, the use of emotion to change emotion. The transformation of anger begins with a close and confident observation of what occurs, followed by the introduction of new emotional alternatives, which can then drive new ways of thinking and acting. In this way, we do not over-correct problems of excessive anger by seeking to eliminate it, but rather the experience of this emotion is transformed so it can better serve the needs of the individual and those in his or her life.


AbstractThis paper is to suggest direction for development, and to analysis feasibility and preference traditional hotel which will be build in Jae cheon city. The questionnaires are distributed each 50 in local area (Jae cheon, Dan Yang, Cheong Ju, Won Ju) and 100 in seoul, then used for data analysis 248. The results are as followed. First, it was showed that architectural style which is mixed korean traditional style outside with modern style inside, 100,000 (won) lower room cost, Korean restaurant, and various facilities. Second, two main reasons for using traditional house are to proper room price, and good location which is tourist attraction near lodging. Third. accommodations which is compromise between Korean and Western style is closely related with lower room cost (100,000 won), and natural-oriented traditional facilities. Fourth, traditional accommodations which is blend Korean style with Western style are strongly connected proper room and food & beverage price, and sanitation.


Vision Transformer (ViT) has recently gained significant interest in solving computer vision (CV) problems due to its capability of extracting informative features and modeling long-range dependencies through the self-attention mechanism. To fully realize the advantages of ViT in real-world applications, recent works have explored the trustworthiness of ViT, including its robustness and explainability. However, another desiderata, fairness has not yet been adequately addressed in the literature. We establish that the existing fairness-aware algorithms (primarily designed for CNNs) do not perform well on ViT. This necessitates the need for developing our novel framework via Debiased Self-Attention (DSA). DSA is a fairness-through-blindness approach that enforces ViT to eliminate spurious features correlated with the sensitive attributes for bias mitigation. Notably, adversarial examples are leveraged to locate and mask the spurious features in the input image patches. In addition, DSA utilizes an attention weights alignment regularizer in the training objective to encourage learning informative features for target prediction. Importantly, our DSA framework leads to improved fairness guarantees over prior works on multiple prediction tasks without compromising target prediction performance.


With high penetration of residential, roof-top photovoltaic (PV) systems, it has become important for the electric utilities to conduct various impact analyses to ensure proper operation and control of power distribution systems. A key requirement for these studies is the data on PV power output at fine time resolution, often in the order of minutes, and for some transient studies, even in the order of seconds. This paper presents a simple, yet effective method to obtain fine time resolution output data for a very large number of PV systems using only power measurements from a significantly smaller number of PV inverters, and without requiring any weather station information. The method uses simplified models of power generation in solar PV systems. Physical information such as latitude/longitude, orientation and tilt of PV panels, electric properties such as different PV panel parameters and measurements from a small subset of PV systems are used to estimate fine time resolution data for all the PV systems in a distribution feeder. The details of the proposed method including the simplified model and algorithms to determine the most suitable PV measurement to use for estimating the output of a given PV system are described. Extensive validation of the proposed methods using measurements from an actual high penetration PV implementation in a distribution feeder in Arizona is presented. Even though the results shown in this study are at the resolution of minutes, the method can be readily extended to finer time resolutions with the data set from the small number of PV inverters used in the estimation updated at the finer time resolution.


Clustering on heterogeneous networks which consist of multi-typed objects and links has proved to be a useful technique in many scenarios. Although numerous clustering methods have achieved remarkable success, current clustering methods for heterogeneous networks tend to consider only internal information of the dataset. In order to utilize background domain knowledge, we propose a general framework for clustering heterogeneous data considering multiple user-provided constrains. Specifically, we summarize that three types of manual constraints on the object can be used to guide the clustering process. Then we propose the User- HeteClus algorithm to solve the key issues in the case of star-structure heterogeneous data, which incorporating the user constraint into similarity measurement between central objects. Experiments on a real-world dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


Combining a remote wireless microphone (RM) with hearing aids often improves speech intelligibility for hearing-impaired listeners. However, the head-related acoustic cues that contribute to sound externalization are bypassed when a direct signal link is used. The result is an apparent sound source located within the head of the listener rather than at the talker position. This paper describes using a structural binaural model combined with simulated room reverberation to produce an externalized RM sound source. The binaural model simulates sound propagation around the head, the reflections generated by the pinna, the directional filtering provided by the pinna protrusion from the head, and the ear-canal resonance. The simulated room reverberation uses a two-dimensional virtual image model. The signal-processing blocks used in the binaural model are presented along with examples of the entire system response.


Aim: We sought to examine the frequency and characteristics of insomnia among adults in central Istria, as well as to analyse sociodemographic characteristics and explore whether there is an association between symptoms of insomnia and sociodemographic parameters. Methods: This research included 685 participants that visited family medicine offices (FMOs) in Central Istria from September till December 2016. Mean age of the sample was 52.73 ± 17.93 years. Participants were randomly selected and interviewed and all gave their informed consent. Participants with sleep disturbances and insomnia lasting one year prior to study enrolment were assessed using the questionnaire designed for the study; along with gathering of sociodemographic data. Results: More than half of the participants had insomnia, 30% of them each night or several times a week, mostly older participants and women. Regardless of the frequency of insomnia symptoms, all participants reported great impairment in all areas of daytime functioning. The most frequent incidence of insomnia was associated with more frequent sleep apnoea and less frequent bruxism. Frequent night awakenings and restless legs syndrome were not related to a greater incidence of insomnia. Conclusion: Insomnia is a common problem among patients treated in primary care. Family physicians are therefore in an ideal position to identify, evaluate and treat insomnia. The high prevalence of insomnia highlights the need for a more adequate recognition and treatment of this psychiatric illness.


Methods for synthesizing substituted alkyl and fluoro stilbene-tolane (PTPDP) liquid crystal materials are presented. These compounds show a slightly higher birefringence than the analogous bistolanes, but higher melting points and heats of fusion. Potential applications of these compounds for optical communications and displays are discussed.


The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the tasks of personnel management in the context of digitalization of technologies in the context of the strategic directions implementation of agricultural enterprises development. The interconnection and coordination of the personnel management strategy and the general strategy of the enterprise are considered. The significance of personnel management strategy in the hierarchy of the organization strategy is determined. Thus, the strategy of personnel management is referred to the number of functional strategies, as well as the strategy of personnel development to the operational strategies. The analysis of the general laws of modern development of society allowed to state the fact of the digitalization processes actualization in the social space, based on the widespread use of personal computer technology. The consequence of economic-mathematical methods, means of computer engineering and communication in the system of organizational and managerial structure elements in the management system of the production organization, including personnel management, are shown. The tasks of the personnel management system are structured, for the solution of which special mathematical methods can be used. Trends in the development of information processing procedures in personnel management systems of modern enterprises are revealed. The evolution of personnel management technology is outlined, which has a tendency to change the functionality of information systems on the basis of their expansion. The classification of software products used in the practice of personnel management services of domestic agricultural enterprises is presented. The conditions of successful realization of personnel management tasks at the agricultural enterprise with application of digital technologies are allocated. Potential areas for improving the efficiency of personnel management system based on the use of economic and mathematical methods, modern digital technologies, namely the optimization of management processes, document management, rationalization of quantitative parameters of management staff based on reducing the complexity of processes, improving the reliability of information flows, quality management are represented.
Keywords: agricultural enterprise, strategic orientation, personnel management, digital technologies, digitalization.


The internal bremsstrahlung (IB) radiation accompanying the β-decay of the second forbidden β- transtionof 36 Cl and 99 Tc sources are Studied. The IB measured using a scintillation -spectrometer. It was analyzed by the variable width peeling-off-method, and then corrected applying the proper corrections. The analyzed and corrected IB spectrum was compared with those calculated according to Monte Carlo simulation and modified KUB calculations(M.KUB).It was found that the present experimental results have a better agreement with the theory than the previous work. Also It was found that the present experimental results are in a better agreement with M.KUB calculations than Monte Carlo simulation. This may be due to that the effect of Coulomb-charge(Z) on the IB process is treated in a more refined manner in M.KUB calculations than Monte Carlo Simulation.The 36 Cl and 99 Tcsources have the same degree of forbiddness but different values of Coulomb charge (Z)and different values of β-endpoint energy( 709 KeV and 292 KeV respectively). Therefore the effects of Coulomb charge (Z) and values of β-endpoint energy on the IB-processare studied. It was found that these effects have a large contribution into IB-spectrum for the sources of larger Coulomb charge (Z) and lower β-endpoint energy , as in the case of 99 Tc-source.


Archaea is the third domain of life different from Bacteria and Eukarya. Transcription is the main step in the transmission process of genetic information. In this paper we briefly summarize and review the main research progress about the archaeal transcription in recent years. The research results reveal that the transcription system of Archaea possesses a combination of both eukaryotic and bacterial features. The basal transcription apparatus (including RNA polymerase, basal transcription factors and promoter element) resembles that of Eukarya. But the transcriptional regulatory mechanism more resembles that of Bacteria. A number of transcriptional regulatory protein like that of Bacteria have been found and identified in Archaea. Archaea also has some unique transcriptional regulatory modes.


Background: Pruritus in uremic patients decreases the quality of life because of sleep disturbances, depression and anxiety, thus, pruritus remains an important health issue in ESRD patients.  Aim of the work:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sertraline versus omega 3 supplementation in the treatment of uremic pruritus. Patients and Methods:This randomized case control study was conducted on patients with ESRD patients .All studied subjects had been collected from the Al-Azhar hospital [Damietta] Dialysis Center. This study had been carried out on 50 patients divided into: Group [A] : consists of 25patients had been received 50 mg sertraline twice a day for 8 weeks. Group [B]: consists of 25 patients and had been receive 3 gm omega-3 daily. Results: Although pruritus severity decrease significantly in both groups and both scoring systems [P<0.001], the reduction was significantly more in sertraline group [p Conclusion: Omega-3 fatty acids found to be effective in decreasing of uremic pruritus. So, it seems that Omega-3 fatty acids could be used as an efficient drug for treatment of pruritus in uremic patients. The present study showed that low-dose sertraline was effective for antihistamine-refractory uremic pruritus than omeg3 in renal palliative care patients.


Background programmed death (PD-1) has an important role in inhibiting the immune system in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by switching off auto-reactive T-cells. This work aims to assess the expression of (PD)-1 negative co-stimulatory molecule in patients with ITP and to detect its relation with platelet count. Patient and methods, forty patients were newly diagnosed as ITP 13 males and 27 females were included, their age ranged from 1 to 43 years and twenty-six healthy subjects 8 males and 18 females as control group their age ranged from 5 to 62 year. Expression of PD-1+ CD4+ T-cells by B.D FACS Calibur flow cytometry was performed in ITP patients and healthy subjects on peripheral blood samples, Mo Abs supplied by BD Bioscience, United States. PD-1 FITC Lot: GR 145543-6 and CD4 PE Cat: 555347, San Jose, California. Negative mouse isotypic control (PE Lot: 0279236, FITC Lot: 0273533). Results, the percentage of expression of PD-1 on CD4+T cells in the blood from patients with ITP was considerably more than that from healthy subjects (p < 0.001), it has no predictive risk for thrombocytopenia Odd's ratio ( 3.773 ) p ( 0.187), CI ( 0. 525 – 27.09). Conclusion: Increased expression of PD-1 molecule on CD-4 T-cells as inhibitory signals to the activated immune system against self-antigens an important part of ITP pathogenesis. Has no predictive role in the degree of thrombocytopenia.


Syariah Commercial Banks in Indonesia have not been able to increase their productivity in managing financial funds entirely due to the inability to respond technological changes. This is what makes Syariah Banks in Indonesia still unable to compete with conventional banks. The purpose of this study was to determine the picture of Syariah banking productivity based on the Malmquist Productivity Index. This research is a quantitative study using descriptive analysis. The data used in this research are secondary datas. The population of this study is Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia in the 2014-2018 period, with a sample of 12 banks. Sampling is done by using purposive sampling method. The results showed that BNI Syariah Bank was the most productive Islamic bank during the 2014-2018 period and of the 12 Islamic banks studied and only BCA Syariah experienced a decrease in productivity in the 2014-2018 period.


In the article, the author analyzes the division of culture that took place during the Renaissance. Studying the later works of a Russian imperial historian Vasily Klyuchevsky, the author concluded that there were two opposing cultures — "first culture", which represented traditional values of the state, and the new "second culture" — a culture of early modernity, which focused on liberal thought. According to the author's arguments, Klyuchevsky was a very talented pedagogue and a very prolific political scientist, perhaps first of its kind in Russia. He developed numerous scientific approaches to history as a science, which have led to the emergence of the so-called "l'École Russe" — a school of thought and a continental system of methodic procedures that have greatly advanced European civic sciences. As an experienced political analyst, he objectively assessed the Russian state and its ruling elite. However, perhaps his greatest achievement was in showcasing the insolvency of the liberal route of development in the Russian Empire. Klyuchevsky saw a great humanitarian disaster in the advancement of liberalism in Russia, as it has fractured the national and historical system of values of the Russian people. In contemporary Russia, this problem, highlighted by V. Klyuchevsky, has become even more urgent. The defeat in the Cold War has made the country dependent on culture dominated by liberal thought, which was forcefully introduced into Russia by the supporters of the pro-western path of development in the late twentieth century. And unless a major step towards reanimation of traditional culture as well as a socio-political system is consciously pursued by the current regime, Russia might lose the remains of its sovereignty.


In this paper, we examine how next-nearest neighbor hopping and interaction affect pairing properties, concluding that small and light pairs are ubiquitous in extended Hubbard models with long-range interactions and hopping. We are motivated by two unconventional superconductors, the cuprates and fullerides, which have similar ratios of transition temperature to bandwidth. Cuprates have large next-nearest neighbor hopping. The highest temperature fulleride superconductor has BCC structure with similar nearest and next-nearest neighbor distances (and thus interactions and hoppings on those length scales). We determine pair properties for an extended Hubbard model with large Hubbard U and both near- and next-nearest neighbor hopping and attraction, on a range of lattices using both numerical and analytical approaches. We find that the presence of next-nearest neighbor hopping, t ′ and near- and next-nearest neighbor attraction ( V and V ′ ) very significantly lowers the pair mass in a wide range of lattices. The pair mass decreases with increased t ′ and V ′ (where it has a minimum when V ′ = V ). The presence of both t ′ and V ′ leads ubiquitously to small strongly bound pairs with an inverse mass that is linear in hopping, which could lead to high temperature Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC).


Every country manages an economy, made up of various actors that can be families, companies and public or private organizations, with the purpose of generating profits to satisfy their needs and in turn have part of those profits for savings or investment. The general objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of public banking on the economic growth of a country. The methodology used uses documentary and bibliographic research. The results were based on knowing the role of public banks, their decision to finance companies, financing companies, knowing the functions of public development banks, and analyzing some experiences of public development banks in Latin America. As a conclusion, it can be determined that the financial entities of the State, following certain policies established by the government and by international entities, as is the case of the Sustainable Development Goals of ALIDE, allow certain risk aspects to be taken into account. Private Banking does not consider acceptable for the granting of credits or any financial support necessary for the economic improvement of a region and that regardless of its role is extremely important for the development of a country, at a social, economic, environmental, and political level, as that provides benefits for those groups in society that scarcely saw the possibility of obtaining financing because they did not have a long-standing accounting history, or because they were smaller companies.


Abstract The concept of 'communicative competence', first proposed by Hymes, referred basically to abilities speakers have in their first language. This term, however, was appropriated and reworked (Canale & Swain 1980; van Ek 1986) within the field of foreign language teaching and new approaches or dimensions (sociolingustic, socio-cultural, social, etc.) were added to the original idea. Consequently, the prescriptive model based upon native speaker competence started to be put into question and the replacement of the native speaker by the intercultural speaker as a reference point for the foreign language learner was suggested (Byram & Zarate 1994). Stemming from all these considerations, a model was proposed (Byram 1997) for Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC), involving one step further in communicative competence.


Parametric studies and design procedures pre sented here employ a function analytic tech nique of contraction mapping and the Hahn Banach theorem to solve the full implicit equa tions for wind turbine blades modeled by vortex blade elements with zero to high drag/lift ratio. In contrast with ideal airfoils whose power coef ficients approach asymptotically the value of 16/27 as tangential speed ratios increase it is shown here that airfoils with any finite drag -to -lift ratios ex hibit relatively low maxima of the power coefficients at moderate tangential speed ratios. The axial and tangential interference coeffi cients, the blade loading coefficient and the in flow angle are found to be weak functions of drag, but strong functions of the tangential speed ratio. Comparisons of power coefficients calculated using the Rankine actuator disk model and the vortex -blade element models show increasing discrepancies as the tangential speed ratio and the d rag -to -lift ratios increase. An out line of radial distribution of power coeffi cients and variable and fixed pitch performance calculation procedures are included to illustrate applications of this engineering analysis and design technique. The engineering design of aerodynamics of propell er wind turbine blades using the vortex -blade element theory is now reduced to an easily programmable algorithm that is presented in this paper.


The increasing speed of technology innovation has demanded faster computer chips and forced integrated circuit (IC) manufacturers to create smaller feature sizes on chips to meet this demand. The semiconductor roadmap has slated feature sizes to be reduced to 90nm in 2004 with continuing to decreases in the following years. Until recently, ion implant layers were not considered critical layers, and many fabricators still use 365nm exposure with dyed resists on these layers. However as implant feature sizes decrease to 250nm or smaller and overlay restrictions are tighter, KrF exposure is required for the ion implant photolithography process. Currently dyed KrF resists are limited in their resolution and their ability to control critical dimensions (CD) due to reflectivity of the substrates. A bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC) is desirable to help control substrate reflectivity and improve CD control. Until now the only solutions for using a BARC under KrF resist are inorganic and organic thermoset BARCs. These two solutions require plasma etch to remove them before the implant process. Plasma etch is undesirable in the implant process for two reasons; the first is damage to the underlying substrate and the second is increased cost of processing time to perform the BARC plasma etch. With a developer soluble BARC, the BARC is removed during the development of the photoresist, resulting in a minimal effect on wafer throughput as well as no permanent effects to the underlying substrate. In this paper we will discuss the chemistry behind a novel developer soluble BARC as well as the processing conditions used for testing these materials. We will also show results using these materials with various photoresists.


Chromatography, on diethylaminoethyl cellulose, of leg muscle extracts from older chick embryos yields three myosin-containing fractions, whereas material from muscle extracts of 11-day embryos cannot be eluted under the same conditions. A major fraction having the adenosine triphosphotase activity characteristic of myosin can be eluted when 11-day-old embryo muscle extracts are given prior treatment with ribonuclease.


e19028 Background: Clinical observation of next-generation photodynamic therapy (NGPDT) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Through pathology or cytology diagnosis, 66 cases of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The Next Generation Photodynamic Therapy (NGPDT) group had 32 patients. Photosensitizer was administered on a dosage of 2 mg per kilogram of body weight, wherein two-thirds via ultrasonic atomization inhalation and one-third via oral intake. After the irradiation target(s) were determined, optical fiber for laser treatment purposes was guided into lung tumor(s) via interstitial procedure, percutaneous puncture under precious laser navigation, irradiation light intensity was 200 J/cm2, irradiation power was 1,000 mw, activation was then started and lasted for eight to ten minutes, laser irradiation into tumor was two to five centimeters in length, irradiation could be performed phase by phase (sub-paragraph treatmen...


In the distributed environment it is very much necessary to build a system which share secure data among multiple users. Key-escrow problem is the major issue in data sharing between users. In the existing system, the key escrow problem can be solved by escrow free key issuing protocol using two-Party Computation (2PC) between Key Generation Centre and Data Storing centre. Centralized system trust CA (Central Authority) for the key generation, if the CA is intruded by trespasser, then the entire system will get wrapped. It is very much important to have a decentralized system. Hence, we propose a system which improves the security and efficiency in key generation, uses a 3PC where the user key will be generated in application centre too. Here, the data will be stored and retrieved based on the attributes of the user. Ant colony optimization algorithm is used to merge the key generated by 3PC. CP-ABE algorithm and MD5 algorithm are used to encrypt and decrypt the messages in the multi user data sharing environment. The proposed scheme delegates most laborious tasks of membership management and user revocation to the data storing centre while the KGC (Key Generation Center) is responsible for the attribute key management as in the previous CP-ABE schemes without leaking any confidential information to the other parties.


High fat diet is one of the leading causative factors for high cholesterol levels. Hyperlipidemia plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis and oxidative stress. Aim & Objective: The current study was taken to assess the high fat diet changes in the body weight, hepatic and renal tissue treated with the various doses of aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus emblica fruit and Terminalia arjuna bark. Materials and Methods: Group I served as normal control. Group II was fed with high fat diet. Group III was fed with high fat diet and aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruit -200 mg/kg body wt. Group IV was fed with high fat diet and aqueous extract of Phyllanthus emblica fruit -400 mg/kg body wt. Group V was fed with high fat diet and aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna bark -400mg/kg body wt. Group VI was fed with hyperlipidemic diet + Atorvastatin standard drug. Results: Histopathological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin stain for liver, renal glomerulus and tubules showed therapeutic effect with treatment of Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract 400mg/kg b.w and Terminalia arjuna bark extract 400mg/kg b.w. Conclusion: we observed the high fat diet induced structural and histological changes in the liver and renal tissue which was improved with Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract 400mg/kg compared with Terminalia arjuna bark.


All-in-One is All You Need

Get complete coverage of all three Microsoft Certified IT Professional database developer exams for SQL Server 2005 in this comprehensive volume. Written by a SQL Server expert and MCITP, this definitive exam guide features learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter, exam tips, practice questions, and in-depth explanations. Detailed and authoritative, the book serves as both a complete certification study guide and an essential on-the-job reference.

Get full details on all exam topics including how to:

Install and configure SQL Server 2005
Manage database design
Use Transact-SQL and XML
Work with functions, triggers, and CLR integration
Optimize, monitor, and secure databases
Create stored procedures
Handle disaster recovery
Work with Service Broker, Web Services, and MARS
Use SQL Server Reporting Services and Notification Services
Manage locks, deadlocks, and cursors
Transfer data using Replication and SQL Server Integration Services

The CD-ROM features:

Six full practice exams-two for each exam: 70-431, 70-441, & 70-442
Scripts from the step-by-step exercises in the book
Video training clips from the author
Complete electronic book

Table of contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. Installing and Configuring SQL Server 2005
Chapter 2. SQL Server 2005 Database Basics
Chapter 3. Database Design
Chapter 4. Transact-SQL
Chapter 5. XML
Chapter 6. Advanced Database Objects
Chapter 7. Optimizing Databases
Chapter 8. Security
Chapter 9. Stored Procedures
Chapter 10. Disaster Recovery
Chapter 11. Data Access
Chapter 12. Support Services
Chapter 13. Maintenance Tools
Chapter 14. Locks and Cursors
Chapter 15. Transferring Data
Appendix A: About the CD
Appendix B: Exam 70-431: What You Need to Know to Pass
Appendix C: Inside the Design Exam
Appendix D: Exam 70-441: What You Need to Know to Pass
Appendix E: Exam 70-442: What You Need to Know to Pass
Appendix F: SQL Database Design Object Summary
Glossary
Index


Complete disorder is impossible – this theme of Ramsey Theory, as stated by Theodore S. Motzkin, was a guiding theme throughout Walter Deuber's scientific life.


Objective:To analyze the long-term effect of small needle knife combined with cervical extension reduction on cervical vertigo so as to provide an effective treatment.Methods:One hundred patients were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group was treated with small needle knife,cervical extension manipulation,massage and physical therapy.The control group was treated with massage and physical therapy.The clinical effect was evaluated after 30 days and 60 days treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in clinical efficacy between treatment group and control group after 2 courses of treatment(P0.05).But after 30 days and 60 days treatment,significant difference was found between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion:The small needle knife combined with cervical extension reduction is an effective method for the treatment of cervical vertigo with stable and long-term curative effect,which is worth clinical application.


In Shaping mine,the ventilation resistance was calculated and then the operation point of main fan was determined during easy-ventilation and difficult-ventilation periods.The real ventilation volume of the main fan was calculated.According to the operation point,the same contra rotating axial fans (2K60-No28,n=600r/min) were selected for the previous and subsequent periods and the same synchronous motors(T118/44-8) were also selected for the easy/difficult-ventilation periods.


Cooperative vehicular systems require the design of reliable and efficient multi-hop networking protocols to achieve their foreseen benefits. Although many geo-routing protocols have been proposed in the literature, few contributions have analysed the benefits that road side infrastructure units could provide to successfully route data from source to destination. In this context, this paper proposes a novel infrastructure-assisted routing approach designed to improve the end-to-end performance, range and operation of multi-hop vehicular communications by exploiting the reliable interconnection of infrastructure units. The conducted investigation shows that the proposed infrastructure-assisted routing approach achieves its objectives, and reduces the routing overhead compared to other greedy position-based geo-routing protocols. Finally, the paper shows that to obtain the maximum benefits from the proposed infrastructure-assisted routing approach, optimal infrastructure deployment strategies must be further investigated.


This paper describes the measurements of energy and time response and resolution of a 3×3 array made of undoped CsI crystals 3×3×20 cm3 coupled to large area Hamamatsu Multi Pixel Photon Counters 12×12 mm2. The measurements have been performed using the electron beam of the Beam Test Facility in Frascati (Rome, Italy) in the energy range 80–120 MeV. The measured energy resolution, estimated with the FWHM, at 100 MeV is 16.4%. This resolution is dominated by the energy leakage due to the small dimensions of the prototype. The time is reconstructed by fitting the leading edge of the digitized signals and applying a digital constant fraction discrimination technique. A time resolution of about 110 ps at 100 MeV is achieved.


This study was carried to assess the impact of illegal refineries on the environment. A total of 21 soils samples were randomly collected from an illegal refineries site, located at Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. To have a good reference point, another batch of soil samples was collected from a non-polluted area, about 20 km from the study site. The heavy metals (Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu) concentration of all the soil samples was analyzed by using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. While three crops species (maize, cucumber and bean) were used to determine the level of ecotoxicity of all the soils samples. The results showed that activities of the illegal refineries have negative impacts on the environment, as they significantly (p ≤0.05) increased the heavy metals concentrations in the soil, and inhibited plants growth. Even though most of the heavy metals concentrations fall below WHO/FAO maximum permitted level; cadmium (Cd) was slightly above WHO/FAO maximum permitted level. Cadmium concentration in the soils samples from the site ranged between 0.87 and 4.32 mg/kg. Copper (Cu) concentration in the soil samples ranged between 3.63 and 11.76 mg/kg. Ni (Ni) concentrations ranged between 15.46 and 28.01mg/kg; while Lead (Pb) concentration ranged between 10.08 and 20.65 mg/kg. With regards to the ecotoxicological results, it was observed that the soil samples collected from the study site adversely affected the seed germination index, and the radicle growth. Out of the three crops used, it was observed that the cucumber seeds were greatly affected. Seed germination rate and radicle growth inhibition were highly influenced by the heavy metals concentrations in the soil. This study recommends Niger Delta stakeholders meeting, to stop the activities of these illegal refineries in order to save the already fragile environment from further degradation.


Governments often use the allocation of foreign aid when seeking to gain cooperation from and to boost the capacity of recipient governments in a variety of policy realms. However, there is no consensus among political scientists and economists about whether aid is actually a productive means of achieving either of these ends, nor on what political and strategic factors may lead aid to have beneficial or deleterious effects. My dissertation examines several factors that condition the effectiveness of foreign aid (U.S. foreign aid in particular) in gaining cooperation from and boosting the capacity of recipient states in the realm of counterterrorism. Specifically, I am interested in what factors may cause foreign aid to have perverse effects on cooperation, and in what contexts those factors operate. For instance, I argue that recipients of U.S. assistance who are also involved in an interstate rivalry have incentive to play-up the level of terrorist activity in order to continue receiving assistance to finance their rivalry. Similarly, I find that the effect of foreign aid on counterterrorism cooperation varies across domestic political structures, with foreign aid leading to the opposite of its intended effect in regimes characterized by personalist political institutions. Finally, in the latter part of the dissertation, I attempt to move toward a more direct test of the relationship between foreign aid and terrorism. The current state of knowledge is simply a consensus that some association exists, though there is even disagreement over the true direction of that relationship. In my view, the reason for this is that a critical link in this process has been overlooked: the changes that occur in host states' behavior as a result of them receiving aid. To address this shortcoming, I conduct detailed case comparisons of two pairs of cases. The first pair of cases is selected based on the presence or absence of interstate rivalry (Pakistan and Bangladesh), while the second set contains variation on regime type (Indonesia and Yemen). Case comparisons allow me to explore in greater detail the variation in counterterrorism effort, a concept that has yet to be measured quantitatively. This represents a step toward a more precise understanding of the foreign aid-counterterrorism relationship.


Scribe is a document production system that makes it easier to produce and maintain large complex technical documentation. Although its primary purpose is high-quality text formatting, Scribe also performs cross-reference tabulations, indexing, automatic generation of text such as tables of contents, figure integration.
 Many text formatting programs exist, and many can do some or all of what Scribe can do. But Scribe has proven through the years to be much easier to learn and use than most other systems, and documents produced in Scribe have proven to be much easier to edit and maintain than documents produced other ways.


Objective To observe the short-term effect and side effects of Vinorelbine combined with Nedaplatin treating the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The experimental group:Vinorelbine 25mg/m2 for 10-minute infusion on d1 and d8,Nedaplatin 80mg/m2 for 2-hour infusion on d1;The control group:Vinorelbine 25mg/m2 for 10-minute infusion on d1 and d8, Cisplatin 80mg/m2 for 2-hour infusion on d1. Treatment was repeated Every 21 days. Results The overall response rate was 43.3% for 30 patients in the experimental group. The main side effects were marrow suppression,digestive reaction is mild,no patients have severe renal toxicity. The control group had the overall response rate was 44.1% for 34 patients.There was no significant difference in overall response rate between the two groups(P0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference of short-term effect between the two groups in treating advanced NSCLC,and in nedaplatin group is a lower digestive reactions and nephrotoxicity respond rate.


This study aims to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance on the financial performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Good financial performance is used as a benchmark to provide an overview of the success that has been achieved in the success of the business. The population in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2021 period. This research is a quantitative research. This study used a purposive sampling technique. The number of samples in this study were 60 samples. The analysis technique in this study used multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that institutional ownership and independent commissioners had no effect on financial performance, while managerial ownership and audit committee had an effect on financial performance.


Proper tuning of hyper-parameters is essential to the successful application of SVM-classifiers. Several methods have been used for this problem: grid search, random search, estimation of distribution Algorithms (EDAs), bio-inspired metaheuristics, among others. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimal method among those that recently reported good results: Bat algorithm, Firefly algorithm, Fruit-fly optimization algorithm, particle Swarm optimization, Univariate Marginal Distribution Algorithm (UMDA), and Boltzmann-UMDA. The criteria for optimality include measures of effectiveness, generalization, efficiency, and complexity. Experimental results on 15 medical diagnosis problems reveal that EDAs are the optimal strategy under such criteria. Finally, a novel performance index to guide the optimization process, that improves the generalization of the solutions while maintaining their effectiveness, is presented.


Ali Xiying is the writer of Sanqu in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty who had only a few works. But there was colorful ideas and existence. Different with other writers, his works showed the abandoning of his seclusion and the life style. The existence of supernumerary is different with Russian supernumerary, which reflects culture differences.


Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) limits the amount of private information deep learning models can memorize during training. This is achieved by clipping and adding noise to the model's gradients, and thus networks with more parameters require proportionally stronger perturbation. As a result, large models have difficulties learning useful information, rendering training with DP-SGD exceedingly difficult on more challenging training tasks. Recent research has focused on combating this challenge through training adaptations such as heavy data augmentation and large batch sizes. However, these techniques further increase the computational overhead of DP-SGD and reduce its practical applicability. In this work, we propose using the principle of sparse model design to solve precisely such complex tasks with fewer parameters, higher accuracy, and in less time, thus serving as a promising direction for DP-SGD. We achieve such sparsity by design by introducing equivariant convolutional networks for model training with Differential Privacy. Using equivariant networks, we show that small and efficient architecture design can outperform current state-of-the-art models with substantially lower computational requirements. On CIFAR-10, we achieve an increase of up to $9\%$ in accuracy while reducing the computation time by more than $85\%$. Our results are a step towards efficient model architectures that make optimal use of their parameters and bridge the privacy-utility gap between private and non-private deep learning for computer vision.


Increased crop production has depended on increased cropland area rather than on intensification. Soil nutrients are removed in harvests without replenishment through fertilizer application resulting in soil nutrient depletion and decreased soil productivity and crop yield (Bationo et al., 1998; Ouattara et al., 2006 and 2011; Mason et al., 2014 and 2015). More fertilizer is used where farmers have support from government and non-government extension services. Fertilizer use for food crop production is often constrained because farmers are inadequately informed and have little financial capacity for fertilizer use. Also, the fertilizer supply system is inefficient with untimely delivery.


Aims:  The analyses targeting multiple functional genes were performed on the samples of crude oil‐contaminated soil, to investigate community structures of organisms involved in monoaromatic hydrocarbon degradation.


Traditional Chinese culture contains abundant humanistic factors,and there exists an internal and necessary connection between up-to-date law construction and the spirit of humanism.In this paper,the author takes the humanistic spirit of traditional Chinese culture as both the starting point and the desired goal and thus analyzes the theoretical sources and blueprint of modern law construction.The author also examines the substantial results we have so far achieved,while exploring the evidences of the lack of the spirit of humanism in today's law.This provides the basis for reformation,leading to expansion of the humanism in 21century law construction.


For the purpose of differentiating various geometric classes of folds, the author has tried a new parameter. It has been designated as ratio ,√a. The value of √a varies from one geometric class of the folds to the other. Folds with class 1 geometry show a value greater than 1, whereas class 3 folds show a value less than 1. For the class 2 folds ,√a it is always 1.


The study examines the effectiveness of Facebook based learning to enhance creativity among Islamic Studies students in the secondary educational setting in Malaysia. It describes the design process by employing the Isman Instructional Design Model. A quantitative study was carried out using experimental method and background survey. The instruments used were questionnaire and creativity test form for student's creativity measurement. The treatment group consists of 40 participants randomly selected among students, while the control group of 40 participants was drawn from existing classes. This study was conducted over 14 weeks. Statistical analysis in the form t-test was used to compare the dependent variables between the two groups. The findings show that the difference in mean score between pre-test and post-test for the treatment group was 27.50 while the mean score difference between treatment and control groups to the post test of: i) creativity in writing is 4.90; ii) creativity in problem solving is 5.68, and iii) creativity in creating a missionary motto is 4.93. One way ANOVA analysis of the treatment group showed significant differences in student achievement based on creativity indicators. The findings from this study suggest that the Isman Instructional Design Model which pays attention to instruction from the learner perspective than from content perspective is suitable in designing and developing Facebook based learning to enhance creativity among Islamic Studies students in the secondary educational setting in Malaysia. The findings of this study are expected to provide insights in promoting Facebook based learning.


It is inherent in the concept of a terrorist act that it aims at an effect very much larger than the direct physical destruction it causes. Proponents of what used to be called the "propaganda of the deed" also believed that in the illuminating glare of terror the vulnerability of a corrupt order would be starkly revealed. Once corruption and oppression were stripped away, a sacred or natural order – the nation, the religious community, the people – would come into its own. The instigators of September 11 brought off a far more spectacular coup than any exponent of the propaganda of the deed: they threaten more than a dozen of the world's most autocratic and corrupt rulers and aim to summon to arms a religious community of well over a billion people. The resources disposed of by this network transcend those traditionally associated with terrorism and are closer to those of a small state, but a state without boundaries whose headquarters hops from country to country. Given the extent of the destruction wrought by the September 11 attack it is sobering to realize that the effect aimed at was qualitatively larger, namely that of reordering world politics around a "clash of civilizations," urging the Islamic world to free itself of all infidel trammels. Whether the strategic director of the Al Qaeda network was Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri, or someone else, their aim from the outset was not only to provoke the US into a reaction that would alienate Muslim opinion, but also to expose the hereditary and autocratic rulers of the Muslim world and create conditions in which Islamic jihad could seize or manipulate power in one or another of the larger or more significant Muslim states. The new Caliphates at which they aim might appear a medieval fantasy, but are to be equipped with the military and financial power resources of modernity. They ask believers to consider the awesome power of Muslim leaders equipped with Islamic virtue, oil, and nuclear weapons. Given the frustrated or desperate condition of much of the Muslim world, this is a message that has great resonance even among Muslims who are uneasy at, or repelled by, terror actions. The message targets the military actions and dispositions of the US and Israel, especially as they are deemed to encroach on Muslim holy places, but it is also aimed at the existing governments of the Islamic world, easily portrayed as pawns of the West. Since Islamic jihad is indeed a network, the overthrow of the Taliban and the dispersal of Al Qaeda's Afghan bases will not end the threat it poses. The US president responded to September 11 by proclaiming a global, US-led


The key challenge for mastering high uncertainty of both demand and supply is to attune products and business processes in the entire supply chain continuously to customer requirements. Product configurators have proven to be powerful tools for managing demand uncertainty. This paper assesses how configurators can be used for combined product and process configuration in order to support mastering high uncertainty of both supply and demand. It defines the dependence between product and process configuration in a typology of interdependencies. The addressed dependences go beyond the definition phase and also include the effects of unforeseen backend events during configuration and execution. Based on a case study in the Dutch flower industry, a conceptual architecture is proposed for coordination of these interdependencies and development strategies are identified.


At the early years of the 20th century, Lyeohanshibgamuncho was published twice at Nantong Hanmolin bookstore in China. It was Wang Seongsun who completed the compiling of Lyeohanshibgamuncho, instead of Kim Taeyeong. At the beginning, Muncho was edited by Kim Taeyeong. After three editions, 9 Korean litterateurs' works were picked up into a book, called Lyeohanmunseon or Lyeohangugamuncho. Afterwards, Wang Seongsun made Kim the 10th person and re-selected the works. Compared with Kim's Lyeohangugamuncho, the works selected by Wang were totally different. However, Kim and Wang followed the same principle when selecting.
The birth of Muncho was closely bound up with historical background. Under the extremely serious national crisis, the Korean patriots, like Kim and Wang, realized the importance of national culture. They restated the history of Korean and promoted the literature of Korean. In that way, they tried to save the nation from subjugation and ensure its survival.


In this paper, the orthogonal cutting experiment and simulation analysis of Cu/PTFE composite materials are carried out with cemented carbide tools. The equivalent homogeneous model is adopted to realize the three-dimensional cutting simulation process. Compared with the experimental results, the predicted cutting force is in good agreement with that of the experimental results, and the deviation does not exceed 20%. The relationship between processing parameters and surface roughness under different cutting conditions is discussed in detail. The results show that the feed rate has a significant effect on the surface roughness, and the feed rate should be controlled during the machining process to obtain high surface quality. Through the observation of the turning surface, there are phenomena such as particle pulled off, cut off, and pressed in the processed surface morphology.