Introduction: Tendon diseases and skin wounds caused by degenerative and traumatic injuries are extremely common in sports [1,2], but often heal poorly because of re-injury or chronic inflammation [3]. In past years, therapeutic benefits were limited to naked DNA injection, electro-transfer, and adeno-viral vector delivery due to low efficiency or immune response. An urgent need exists to develop a novel method for delivering therapeutic genes to parts of injured tendon and skin wounds. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have been used for bone and cartilage gene therapy [4], but the most appropriate serotype for gene transfer in human fibroblasts remains to be determined. By using green fluorescent protein (GFP), we examined the relative efficiencies of two distinct methods: (i) transfection with AAV plasmid DNA;(ii) transduction with AAV2 and AAV6 viral vectors. We examined the efficiency of both techniques using human primary patellar tendon fibroblasts (HPTF) and human skin fibroblasts (HSF) in vitro. Our results indicate that the efficiency of DNA transfection is much lower than AAV virus transduction. Also, our data indicate that the transduction efficiency of AAV vectors in different cell and tissue types varies widely. Materials and Methods: Cells, plasmid and virus: HPTFs were isolated from healthy tissue inside the knee joint, and HSFs were purchased from the ATCC. Human embryonic kidney cell line 293 (HEK 293) served as the positive control group. In the pAAV-D (+)-CMV-eGFP construct, the GFP gene was cloned into a self-complementary AAV vector backbone and driven by a CMV promoter. The AAV plasmid DNA and AAV viruses (AAV2-GFP and AAV6-GFP) were purified using previously published protocol [5]. Transfection of plasmid DNA in vitro: The transfections in HPTFs (3rd generation), HSFs, and HEK 293 cells were performed by supplying 3 μg of plasmid DNA into each well of our six-well-plates, which were at 85% cell confluency, and using calcium-phosphate or lipofectamine (Invitrogen) -mediated DNA transfer according to previous protocol [6,7]. Recombinant AAV transduction assay: AAV2 and AAV6 transductions in HPTF, HSF, and HEK 293 were done by adding 2 μl of either AAV2-GFP (1x1010 v.g. particles) or AAV6-GFP (1x1010 v.g. particles) into each well of our six-well-plates, which were at the same confluency level as those used for transfection. Note, all in vitro transfection and transduction experiments were performed in duplicate. Evaluation of GFP reporter gene expression: GFP gene expression was observed by fluorescence microscopy at 48 hours after plasmid DNA transfection and AAV virus transduction. Results: The efficiency of plasmid transfection was much lower in human fibroblasts: Figure 1 illustrates our finding that the efficiency of transfection in HEK 293 is high (A); in contrast, the efficiency of transfections in HPTF (C, and D), and HSF (E, and F) by either calcium-phosphate or lipofectamine methods were found to be very low.


The equilibrium species and theoretical electromotive force of cells fed with NH3 and 3% H2O humidified H2,CH4,C3H8 and underground coal gasification(UCG)gas on the basis of minimum Gibbs free energy were calculated,whilst the open circuit voltage(OCV),V-I characteristics and long-term stability of NiO-GDC‖GDC‖Ba0.9Co0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ(B0.9CFN)anode-supported cells operated in above five fuels were evaluated.The results showed that direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels in anode could achieve a desirable electromotive force(EMF)no less than 1.05 V,while the OCV for ceria-based cells was comparatively poorer due to the presence of electronic conductivity.Besides,the synergy effect between stagnant kinetics of hydrocarbons reforming and the relatively sufficient O2-supply due to fast migration of oxide ions suppressed carbon deposition at low operating temperatures for ceria-based SOFC.Furthermore,the UCG gas fed cell exhibited peak power densities as high as 0.151,0.299,0.537 and 0.729 W·cm-2,respectively at 500,550,600 and 650℃,and showed no evident performance decay and carbon deposition on anode after discharging at 600℃ under a constant voltage of 0.6 V for 120 h,thereby demonstrating UCG gas is a promising fuel for direct utilization in SOFC.


Stock theft is among the major challenges faced by livestock farmers in South Africa. It has severe consequences especially for smallholder farmers, who collectively own a large share of the South African livestock herds but individually keep small herds. In recent years, technological improvements and innovations have made it possible to track livestock movements by using GPS animal tracking devices. Low-cost GPS has been developed and used elsewhere and in the local commercial sector. Given the well-known role of extension, i.e. information and technology dissemination, the possibility that smallholders adopt GPS animal tracking devices should be evaluated. However, very few studies have made a case for using this technology in curbing stock theft among smallholder farmers. This review therefore addresses the likelihood that smallholder livestock farmers in South Africa adopt GPS animal tracking devices to mitigate the impact of stock theft. Using a semi-systematic and a snowball literature review approach, we consulted and reviewed the relevant literature and official statistics relating to stock theft and smallholder livestock farming. Results from the reviewed literature suggest that the likelihood of GPS animal tracking device adoption by smallholders will depend on a) the awareness about the devices and how they work, b) the acuteness of stock theft for a farmer and how livestock contributes the farmer's livelihood, and c) the income level, access to mobile phones and risk behaviour of farmers. Our literature findings identify areas for future research and may help agricultural extension personnel with future research topics.


We present a time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group investigation of the quantum distillation process within the Fermi-Hubbard model on a quasi-one-dimensional ladder geometry. The term distillation refers to the dynamical, spatial separation of singlons and doublons in the sudden expansion of interacting particles in an optical lattice, i.e., the release of a cloud of atoms from a trapping potential. Remarkably, quantum distillation can lead to a contraction of the doublon cloud, resulting in an increased density of the doublons in the core region compared to the initial state. As a main result, we show that this phenomenon is not limited to chains that were previously studied. Interestingly, there are additional dynamical processes on the two-leg ladder such as density oscillations and self-trapping of defects that lead to a less efficient distillation process. An investigation of the time evolution starting from product states provides an explanation for this behavior. Initial product states are also considered since in optical lattice experiments, such states are often used as the initial setup. We propose configurations that lead to a fast and efficient quantum distillation.


This paper presents a review of the current situation in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of fuel cells and highlights the significant challenges that lie ahead in the development of a comprehensive CFD model for fuel cell applications. The paper focuses on the issues concerned with solid oxide fuel cells and proton exchange membrane fuel cells because these are the two most poplar and probably the most promising types of fuel cells for both stationary and transport applications. However, the general principles presented in this paper are applicable to all types of fuel cells.


Currently,the urgent matter in the world is to resolve the contradiction between environment and economic development.Hippophatae rhamnoides is regarded as a dominant species in water and soil conservation and biological regeneration in China since a long time.The area of Hippophatae rhamnoides in China is about(1.333)×10~6 hm~2,and it occupies 94.6% of the total in the world.Hippophatae rhamnoides grows in 19 provinces and autonomous regions in China,and there are 4 natural species and 5 natural subspecies of Hippophatae rhamnoides in China,in which 2 subspecies are distributed in Xinjiang.Xinjiang is an autonomous region with the largest area of desertified lands,is a typical ecological region of arid deserts and oases,the area of oases occupies only 4.2% of the total land area,and the natural ecological environment is extremely vulnerable,however,Xinjiang is rich in natural resources,in which Hippophatae rhamnoides has the important economic value and ecological function.The area of Hippophatae rhamnoides in Xinjiang is 3.33×10~4 hm~2,in which the area of artificially afforested Hippophatae rhamnoides is 4.4×10~3 hm~2,and the annual fruit yield of Hippophatae rhamnoides is 1.336 5×10~4-t.The development of industry of Hippophatae rhamnoides in Xinjiang can increase the income of farmers and herdsmen,and it is a new way to develop the local economy and achieve the sustainable economic development in Xinjiang.In this paper,the medicinal, nutrient,herbage and ecological values of Hippophatae rhamnoides as well as the existing problems in growing Hippophatae rhamnoides are analyzed,and some measures and suggestions for growing Hippophatae rhamnoides in Xinjiang are put forward.


In this paper we present our experience teaching Systems Programming in C to undergraduate students1. Additionally to traditional Unix-like operating system approach, we employed a robotic platform – the e-puck mobile robot – to increase the students' motivation and improve their learning experience. A robotic platform provides high attraction for students, making the class stand-out compared to other courses. Yet it is not only a playground, rather, the platform allows to present very challenging and sophisticated real-life programming problems in a tangible way. The chosen robot provides an open-source operating system with a well structured programming interface and thus offers a real-world, complex example of systems programming to the students. We describe the overall curriculum and the syllabus of the course itself. Emphasis is put on the design of the in-class and homework assignments, but the robotic platform is briefly described as well. Our success is confirmed by the end-of-semester evaluation by the students, who ranked our course among the top of all bachelor-level courses.


When an intense ultrasound beam is directed at a free surface of a liquid, an acoustic fountain is produced that is typically accompanied by ejection of tiny droplets, i.e., liquid atomization. This phenomenon is usually attributed to instability of cavitation‐produced capillary waves on the surface. In addition to capillary effects, a process called spallation may also contribute. Although the acoustic fountain is typically observed at a flat liquid surface, nothing prohibits the atomization from occurring at a curved surface. This brings about the possibility to create an acoustic fountain and droplet emission at the surface of a gas cavity in liquid or, similarly, in the bulk of soft biological tissue. The appropriate condition occurs when high‐intensity ultrasound is focused in tissue and creates large (0.1–1 mm in diameter) bubbles due to acoustic cavitation or rapid boiling. To test this hypothesis, acoustic pressure distribution and the corresponding radiation force on the empty spherical cavity we...


Presented here is an extension of the spectral Green's function-constant nodal (SGF-CN) method for the numerical solution of energy multigroup, fixed-source, discrete ordinates (SN) problems in X, Ygeometry with arbitrary L'th-order of scattering anisotropy, provided L<N. This analytical coarsemesh method uses the multigroup SGF method for numerically solving the one-dimensional transverse-integrated SN nodal equations with constant approximations for the transverse leakage terms. The only approximations in the present version of the SGF-CN method occur in these transverse leakage terms, as the energy-group transfer scattering source terms are treated analytically within the offered method. Numerical results to typical model problems are given to illustrate the method's accuracy and to analyze the efficiency of the offered SGF-CN computer code for neutral particle transport calculations.


The dynamics of some biological signal sources may be identified through measured data. The regulating characteristics of the wake-sleep circadian rhythm is identified here as an example by using BP neural networks. As a result, a MA model of neural networks can acquire the characteristics. The change of wake-sleep period is almost controlled suppressively by the data of preceding three days. The change of the dynamics can be evaluated by internal representation of the network. This method may be useful for medical diagnoses.


This article examines transformations in the literary translation environment in the People's Republic of China (PRC) specifically in relation to French-language theatre. After an initial survey of literary translation in the PRC from its foundation to the present, the article studies how French-language plays have been translated and adapted for publication. In particular, it considers how French theatre has occupied a favoured position in the Chinese translation literary system over the past four decades. It then focuses on three emblematic cases, those of Molière, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Samuel Beckett. Regarding the latter, two Chinese translations of En attendant Godot/Waiting for Godot will be examined to determine how contextual factors affected translation choices. In this way, the article seeks both to contribute to current discussions on 'translatability' and to consider the reception of canonical French-language writers in the Chinese literary system.


The importance of tobacco as a global public health problem is increasing, thanks to the success of the multinational tobacco industry in pushing its lethal wares in the Third World.' It was therefore decided at the last world conference in Tokyo to hold future conferences every two years instead of every four. The seventh conference took place on 1-5 April 1990 in Perth, Western Australia. The conference was superbly organised by Michael Daube, whom many in Britain will remember as an outstanding director of Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) UK; he is now a senior civil servant in the Health Department of Western Australia, which has initiated much enlightened action on health promotion. About 1000 delegates attended from some 70 countries; bursaries had been provided for many activists from the Third World.


This article is devoted to the personality of one of outstanding American statesmen Benjamin Franklin and his contacts with Russian society. Major object of the research is the problem of origin and development of Russian-American political and cultural relations. The author cites the accounts of contemporaries of the events, describes the influence of Franklin's personality on the educated circles of Russia.


We present an analytical solution to the Schr\"odinger equation for electron in a two-dimensional circular quantum dot in the presence of both external magnetic field and the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. The confinement is described by the realistic potential well of finite depth.


Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS,and predict its trend in Wuxi City Jiangsu Province so as to provide valuable informations for controlling the transmission of HIV/AIDS. Methods The epidemic data of HIV/AIDS in Wuxi during 1998 to 2010 from information system of Diseases Control and Prevention Center was analyzed. Results By the end of 2010, a total of 437 cases of HIV/AIDS were managed in Wuxi , of which 192 contracted AIDS and 52 died . The ratio of male to female was 6.16∶1. The age from 15 to 49 was occupied 75.29%(329/437).The minimum age was 7, and the maximum was 81. The major transmission ways was by sex, which accounted for 89.70%. In 437 cases of HIV/AIDS,145 cases were treated with HARRT. Of which, 137 cases are living, 8 cases were died. Conclusion The number of HIV/AIDS has increased rapidly in recent years in Wuxi. The main transmission is by sex. Effective measures should be taken to control HIV/AIDS epidemic.


Background: In surviving patients, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is spontaneously reversible. In the absence of any experimental data, it is generally thought that cardiac recovery in sepsis simply follows the remission of systemic inflammation. Here the authors aimed to identify the myocardial mechanisms underlying cardiac recovery in endotoxemic mice. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (7 &mgr;g/g, intraperitoneally) and followed for 12 days. The authors assessed survival, cardiac function by echocardiography, sarcomere shortening, and calcium transients (with fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester) in electrically paced cardiomyocytes (5 Hz, 37°C) and myocardial protein expression by immunoblotting. Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiomyocyte sarcomere shortening, and calcium transients were depressed 12 h after lipopolysaccharide challenge, started to recover by 24 h (day 1), and were back to baseline at day 3. The recovery of calcium transients at day 3 was associated with the up-regulation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump to 139 ± 19% (mean ± SD) of baseline and phospholamban down-regulation to 35 ± 20% of baseline. At day 6, calcium transients were increased to 123 ± 31% of baseline, associated with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium load (to 126 ± 32% of baseline, as measured with caffeine) and inhibition of sodium/calcium exchange (to 48 ± 12% of baseline). Conclusions: In mice surviving lipopolysaccharide challenge, the natural recovery of cardiac contractility was associated with the up-regulation of cardiomyocyte calcium handling above baseline levels, indicating the presence of an active myocardial recovery process, which included sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump activation, the down-regulation of phospholamban, and sodium/calcium exchange inhibition.


The rapid development of the logistics industry leads to an urgent need for intelligent equipment to improve warehouse transportation efficiency. Recent advances in unmanned logistics vehicles (ULVs) make them particularly important in smart warehouses. However, the complex warehouse environment poses a significant challenge to ULV transportation path planning. Multiple ULVs need to transport cargoes with good coordination ability to overcome the low efficiency of a single ULV. The ULVs also need to interact with the environment to achieve optimal path planning with obstacle avoidance. In this paper, we propose a supervised deep reinforcement learning (SDRL) approach for logistics warehouses that enables autonomous ULVs path planning for cargo transportation in a complex environment. The proposed SDRL approach is featured by (1) designing the supervision module to imitate the behaviors of experts and thus improve the coordination ability of multiple ULVs, (2) optimizing the generator of the imitation learning based on the proximal policy optimization to boost the learning performance, and (3) developing the policy module via deep reinforcement learning to avoid obstacles when navigating the ULVs in warehouse environments. The experiments over dynamic and fixed-point warehouse environments show that the proposed SDRL approach outperforms its rivals regarding average reward, training speed, task completion rate, and collision times.


Objective To explore the influencing factors of public emergency preparedness by factor analysis.Methods Four hundred and sixty-eight residents of Harbin city,Heilongjiang province,were randomly selected for the survey,the initial factor analysis and the varimax have been applied to the possible 6kinds of factors. Results There were 6kinds of common factors of all the possible 23influencing factors,the first common factor is mainly reflected in the preparedness behavior of public to learn emergency knowledge,participate in emergency training drills,think and discuss emergency evacuation plans;the second common factor is mainly reflected in the public perception for emergency preparedness;the third common factor is mainly reflected in the judgment of natural disasters,accidents,public health and social security;the fourth common factor is mainly reflected in the public′s cognitive of risk awareness,emergency preparedness;the fifth common factor is mainly reflected in the public′s attitude of emergency knowledge,skills and emergency issues.The last one primarily reflected the public knowledge toward different emergencies and their psychological preparedness for taking responsibility for emergency responds. Conclusions In order to strengthen the capacity of public emergency preparedness,multiple interventions as public action and attitude,cognitions and awareness, risk judgment as well as psychological preparedness for emergency events all need to be performed.


Rotating machines like engines, pumps, or turbines are ubiquitous in modern day societies. Their mechanical parts such as electrical engines, rotors, or bearings are the major components and any failure in them may result in their total shutdown. Anomaly detection in such critical systems is very important to monitor the system's health. As the requirement to obtain a dataset from rotating machines where all possible faults are explicitly labeled is difficult to satisfy, we propose a method that focuses on the normal behavior of the machine instead. We propose an autoencoder model-based method for condition monitoring of rotating machines by using an anomaly detection approach. The method learns the characteristics of a rotating machine using the normal vibration signals to model the healthy state of the machine. A threshold-based approach is then applied to the reconstruction error of unseen data, thus enabling the detection of unseen anomalies. The proposed method can directly extract the salient features from raw vibration signals and eliminate the need for manually engineered features. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by employing two rotating machine datasets and the quality of the automatically learned features is compared with a set of handcrafted features by training an Isolation Forest model on either of these two sets. Experimental results on two real-world datasets indicate that our proposed solution gives promising results, achieving an average F1-score of 99.6%.


In this paper, A novel double-layer coupled stripline resonator is designed and used as resonator of a miniature bandpass filter. The filter consisting of double-layer resonators is designed and measured based on low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology for millimeter wave front-end module at 34 GHz. The BPF which is made up of three double-layer resonators has been simulated by Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulator and measured via probe test station. This filter which has been realized in a six layers ceramic substrate exhibits an insertion loss of 1.92 dB at the center frequency of 34.3 GHz, a rejection <;-30dB (at 31.8 GHz and 37.2 GHz), and 3dB bandwidth approximately 7.6% (2.6GHz). The simulated results meet the measured results every well. Due to its vertical double layer structure, this filter shows promising application potentials in miniaturized LTCC passive millimeter wave front-end module.


Periodic fin-line structures are used to create specified reflection, coupling and matching in a mm-wave Gunn oscillator. The design of the distributed reflector is described and the performance of oscillators in Ka-band is shown.


Sex and relationships education has always sparked debate and it featured in the run-up to the General Election. Suzanne O'Connell asks where schools stand on this sometimes-contentious, yet increasingly essential subject – and also looks at what constitutes good SRE


We propose a novel scheme for phase-resolved near-field imaging using free electrons. Our scheme relies on algorithmic extraction of the complex-valued electron-field coupling. Pre-shaping the electron wavefunction facilitates superior sensitivity relative to the state-of-the-art.


An orifice meter is one of the flow measuring devices which are more popular among all the instruments because of its simple design, less cost, and easy manufacturing to determine the discharge in single and multi-phase flow. In a multiphase flow problem such as oil and gas industry, chemical and processing industry wellhead chokes are used to control the production of oil and control, which create more fluctuation in the downstream flow due to back pressure on the reservoir and create significantly error in the measurement. To avoid the above problem orifice is an alternative device. The review paper gives an idea about single orifice consider for various applications, which will be helpful for betterment of orifice design and analysis. The review papers also produce the numerical and experimental studies on orifice to determine the pressure drop and coefficient of discharge on the variation of geometrical and flow parameters.


The invention relates to the field of engine oil and particularly discloses synthesized petrol engine oil and a preparation method thereof. The synthesized petrol engine oil is prepared by the following ingredients by weight percent: 5.31-9.5% of a compound additive bag, 5.0-9.0% of a viscosity index modifier, 75-85% of oil soluble polyalkylene glycol, and the balance of base oil. The synthesized petrol engine oil and the preparation method thereof have the benefits that the ingredients are reasonable, high-temperature oxidation stability, thermal stability, cleaning performance and dispersibility are highlighted to achieve the balance and the unification of the whole performance; the synthesized petrol engine oil is suitable for places required to use oil which is not lower than an API (American Petroleum Institute) SL quality level, can be used for modern high-performance petrol engines and can meet the use requirements of advanced automobiles adopting the novel technologies that turbo charging and direct fuel injection are achieved and catalytic converters are assembled; the synthesized petrol engine oil has excellent low-temperature flowing property and high-temperature oxidation stability, the wear of engine parts and the generation of harmful deposits can be comprehensively inhibited, and the oil exchange period is prolonged.


Present study deals with the regulation of SA induced Ca2+-mediated NO signaling in cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120. Nickel (Ni2+)-toxicity strongly inhibited growth (DW), exopolysaccharides, photosynthetic pigments, PSII photochemistry (OJIP transient parameters: Fm, Fv, Fm/Fo, Fv/Fo, Ψo, ФPo, ФEo, Area, N, and PIABS were suppressed; while Fo, Fo/Fm, Fo/Fv, Sm, ФDo, ABS/RC, TRo/RC, ETo/RC and DIo/RC were raised), nitrogen metabolism status and non-enzymatic antioxidant system by increasing intracellular Ni2+ accumulation and excessive ROS production. However, salicylic acid (SA), calcium (CaCl2) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) addition to the culture medium counteracted on negative impact of Ni2+ thereby improving the growth. Further, to investigate the relation between Ca2+ and NO, when c-PTIO was supplemented to Ni+SA+Ca and EGTA to Ni+SA+NO treated culture medium, the recovery on above studied traits caused due to Ca2+ and NO was arrested even in presence of SA to Ni2+-stressed Anabaena cells thereby suggesting the signaling behavior of Ca2+ and NO in SA induced pathway; however, the impact was worsened under c-PTIO supplemented Ni+SA+Ca than EGTA supplemented Ni+SA+NO treatment thereby suggesting key role of NO in SA-induced Ca2+-mediated signaling. Additionally, NO accumulation, intracellular Ni2+ accumulation, ROS and indices, and non-enzymatic antioxidant system were also examined that showed varied results.


We have calculated the critical donor concentration ${n}_{c}$ for the Mott transition in many-valley semiconductors. Our accurate numerical solution of the Schr\"odinger equation for Mott's model, as extended by Krieger and Nightingale, shows that previously reported good agreement with experiments has been in part the fortuitous result of calculational simplifications. We also find that the model predicts values of ${n}_{c}^{\frac{1}{3}}{a}_{H}$ (where ${a}_{H}$ is the effective Bohr radius in the material) over 45% larger in single-valley semiconductors than in Ge and Si (four and six valleys, respectively) and suggest such experiments as further meaningful tests of the model.


Bound chaotic systems typically exhibit intermittency. Some semiclassical properties of intermittency are studied. The hyperbola billiard and the x2y2 model are used as strongly intermittent model systems. The almost integrable motion in the arms of the potential may be treated in the adiabatic approximation. The corresponding adiabatic Hamiltonian may be semiclassically quantized, yielding surprisingly good agreement for the hyperbola billiard. It is then demonstrated, by means of the semiclassical trace formula, how this result may be related to families of periodic orbit exclusively exploring the potential arms. It is discussed how this result implies an integrable component in the spectrum. Possible implications for the resummation problem of the trace formula, as well as for the statistical properties of energy levels, are discussed.


The primary aim of this study is to investigate two adjacent language communities, the Sarangani Manobo and the Tagakaulo, each belonging to a different language family, to determine contributing factors to the high percentage (more than 50%) of shared vocabulary-as compared with less than 20% of shared vocabulary between Tagakaulo and its other adjacent neighbor, Blaan. These three languages are all distantly related, being members of the Maylayo-Polynesian subfamily of Austronesian languages. I present this hypothesis that shared terms between Tagakaulo and Sarangani Manobo cannot be assumed to be cognates inherited from a common distant ancestor. Rather, some of these terms are the result of lexical borrowing that has occured because of (1) their geographical proximity to each other and (2) the continual contact of their respective language families over a long period of time. The earliest contact introduced terms from a Manobo source into Proto-East Mindanao and its subfamily, Proto-South East Mindanao, many of which are retained in Mansaka and Tagakaulo. I use two approaches to determine underlying reasons for the high percentage of shared vocabulary between Tagakaulo and Sarangani Manobo. The first approach is one which I develop in this study to retrace the history of each of these languages, designating specific reference points to represent both a period in time and geographical location of each language family at that time. The purpose of this is to separate genetically-cognate lexical items priginating with a distant common ancestor and those that may have been borrowed from each other. The second approach is the use of semantic domains to isolate aspects of culture in which a higher percentage of lexical borrowing might occur. I incorporate both approaches as a strategy for this case and present this strategy as a method of systematic study of lexical borrowing.


The late Shah's agrarian reform policies were designed to accomplish two objectives. One was to accelerate the breakdown of traditional agriculture. The other was to facilitate, through active state intervention, the modernization and commercialization of agriculture. Theoretically consistent, in practice these two broad objectives created numerous economic dislocations, the crippling effects of which have yet to be remedied. Marginalization of the peasantry, rural unemployment and underemployment, the destruction of contextually efficient traditional methods of production, rural-urban migration, to name a few, were the disappointing policy outcomes of a regime obsessed with modernization. Even more disappointing was the inability to devise location-specific development strategies that could go beyond simple technical improvements. The process of commercialization was also severely hindered due to mismanagement, insufficient private investment and above all inadequate budgetary allocation. In short, agricultural modernization only led to the creation of a few isolated modern enclaves highly efficient and export-oriented with little or no positive impact on the overall agricultural growth. The post-revolutionary state thus inherited an agricultural sector which, at best, could be characterized as a slow growth sector.


We study power control in a multi-cell CDMA wireless system whereby self-interested users share a common spectrum and interfere with each other. Our objective is to design a power control scheme that achieves a (near) optimal power allocation with respect to any predetermined network objective (such as the maximization of sum-rate, or some fairness criterion). To obtain this, we introduce the potential-game approach that relies on approximating the underlying noncooperative game with a "close" potential game, for which prices that induce an optimal power allocation can be derived. We use the proximity of the original game with the approximate game to establish through Lyapunov-based analysis that natural user-update schemes (applied to the original game) converge within a neighborhood of the desired operating point, thereby inducing near-optimal performance in a dynamical sense. Additionally, we demonstrate through simulations that the actual performance can in practice be very close to optimal, even when the approximation is inaccurate. As a concrete example, we focus on the sum-rate objective, and evaluate our approach both theoretically and empirically.


In dam base widening excavation construction of left bank of Danjiangkou dam heightening project, it is essential not to produce crack by blasting in old dam body to ensure dam safety, especially to ensure normal operation plant and other equipments. So the controlled blasting technology is applied. And safety monitoring and three-dimensional safety protection measure during blasting are used. The final effect is satisfying.


More than Chemical Warfare The Neglected Face of the War A Single Round of Firearm Ammunition Whaling for World War One Acetone and the Birth of a State An Element of War The Synthesis of War Khaki and Indigo Chemistry and the Zepellins Chemistry and the Sinking of the Lusitania The Potash Problem Bacilli Killed More than Bullets The Chemists of War War, the Mother of Invention? Images of War Periodic Table of War The Scientific Legacy of the War Subject Index


IKN is in a good and sufficient position in terms of energy security, especially in terms of renewable energy. To prevent harm to Kalimantan's ecology and natural beauty, it is vital to pay attention to and routinely checkfactors of energy efficiency and emission levels. This research aimed to look at the challenges and opportunities of implementing clean and affordable energy in the development of the National Capital of the Archipelago. This study used qualitative research methods that described the findings throughonline media, and the data source of this research is online news media. The data was obtained using the Ncapture feature on the Nvivo 12 Plus. The results of the study showed that the development of the Kayan River Hydroelectric Power Plant encourages economic development by as much as 37%, environmental development by as much as 35%, and social development by as much as 28%. Then the second challenge of hydropower development is environmental development, as much as 33.33%. The third challenge is economic development, which is 31.82%. Kayan hydropower construction will consist of five dams, the first phase will produce a 900-megawatt dam, the second dam of 1,200 megawatts, the third dam of 1,800 megawatts, the fourth dam of 1,800, and the fifth dam of 3,200 megawatts.


The present note is an attempt to supplement previous argument on the hypothesized parental hormonal antecedents of mammalian offspring sex ratios. It is intended that a reader who has read both this paper and my previous paper should be aware of all the data relating to the hypothesis [James WH (1996), J Theor Biol 180, 271-286].


Migraine is a neurovascular disease characterized by headache and accompanied by mood disorders and impaired attention. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at rest allows to identify changes in the functional connectivity (FC) of various neural networks of the brain associated with the pathogenesis of pain in migraine. Previous studies of patients with migraine describe a change in FC only in certain brain structures or within some of its neural networks. However violation of the interconnected functioning of neural networks is of predominant importance within the framework of a developing theory of the common nature of the neuro- and psychopathological process. The aim of the study is to consider pathogenetic mechanism of migraine and concomitant psychopathology in the aspect of changes in the inter-network functional connectivity. Methods and patients. FMRI scanning of 25 healthy people as a control group and of 25 patients at rest between migraine attacks was performed. Post-processing and secondary analysis were performed using the CONN functional connectivity toolbox version 18b software based on an unpaired t-test and regression analysis, taking into account the Benjamini-Hochberg correction. A set of questionnaires and tests was used to clarify the qualitative characteristics of pain and the accompanying psychopathology in the patients. Results. An increase in FC in patients was observed in comparison with the control group between the salience and sensorimotor networks, the salience and default mode networks, and also within default mode networks; a decrease in FC was observed between the salience network and the dorsal attention network and within dorsal attention network. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate a common nature of pain and affective disorders in patients with migraine and identify a possible mechanism of developing chronicity. The data of the study can be used to objectify the patient's condition in the process of clinical diagnosis.


The American Association for the Advancement of Science, " Triple AS " (AAAS), is an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the world by serving as an educator, leader, spokesperson and professional association. In addition to organizing membership activities, AAAS publishes the journal Science, as well as many scientific newsletters, books and reports, and spearheads programs that raise the bar of understanding for science worldwide. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons license Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0. You are free to copy, distribute, display, or translate the work and make derivative works under the following conditions: Attribution: You must give full attribution to the authors and to the AAAS Science and Human Rights Program. Noncommercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share alike: If you alter, transform, translate, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the AAAS Science and Human Rights Program. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Foreword Four years ago, the Science and Human Rights Program of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) began a project to explore the intrinsic connections between environmental protection and the realization of many of the economic, social, and cultural rights enumerated in international human rights conventions and treaties. The central premise of this initiative is that it is not possible to promote human rights without at the same time working to improve implementation of environmental and public health standards and guidelines. By fostering a wider understanding of economic, social and cultural rights to include environmental protection, the project seeks to provide a broader and more meaningful basis for collaboration among organizations in the human rights, environmental and public health communities. In the past few years the project has developed a number of resources that can be accessed on the AAAS Environmental and Human Rights Resources website: Environment, is a pioneering effort in a variety of ways. It draws together the fields of the environment and human health as seen from a human rights point of view. It also offers a new approach to developing human rights related indicators and benchmarks. Based primarily on a human rights …


Results of all extensive radiation hardness test of a full depletion pn-Charge Coupled Device (pn-CCD) detector are presented. The pn-CCD is a new type of Charge Coupled Device designed for X-ray spectroscopy in ESA's cornerstone X-ray Multi Mirror (XMM) satellite mission. The devices were irradiated with 10 MeV-protons with fluences up to 6.5/spl middot/10/sup 9/ cm/sup -2/. This is more than one order of magnitude higher than the equivalent proton radiation environment expected for the 10 year mission. The only effect to the device was a degradation of charge transfer efficiency (CTE) at temperatures around 120 K. At XMM's operating temperature between 140 K and 170 K the performance of the detector will not significantly change during the 10 year mission. The degradation of the CTE was studied, and a method to improve it is described.


In this paper, we prove the existence of fixed point results for set-valued mappings in Menger probabilistic metric spaces equipped with an amorphous binary relation and a Hadžić -type t-norm. For the usability of such findings we present a Kelisky-Rivlin type result for a class of Bernstein type special operators introduced by Deo et. al. [Appl. Math. Comput. 201, (2008), 604-612 ] on the space C([ 0, n/n+1]). In this way, these investigations extend, modify and generalize some prominent recent fixed point results of the existing literature.


A biological arsenal was developed in Japan between 1919 and 1945. Since 1932, a network of bacteriological and chemical warfare units was until the end of the war responsible for countless medical and scientific atrocities and human experiments. The origins of this armament program, however, go back to the 1880s. What were the scientific and ideological requirements at work behind the institutionalization of such a project? What have then become the protagonists of this science? This dissertation aims to show how, after 1945, the majority of the participants managed to disappear, and why the most prominent scientists were able to reinvent themselves as research pioneers, completely devoid of remorse. However, in the post-war era, some voices started to make themselves heard. Those diffused but continuous narratives gradually led the Japanese population to discover what types of experiments were performed. Sources and documents used here are multiple: military archives, scientific and medical reports, works of historians, popular and documentary novels and testimonies in order to show the diversity of the voices that tell the story of Japanese biological warfare.


Ab initio quantum mechanical methods have been applied to obtain harmonic vibrational frequencies and infrared intensities for the silyl anion (C3vSiH−3) in the gas phase. The best results in this study agree well with the limited experimental data of Ellison, although new experiments are required for an assessment of our predictions. The theoretical methods employed are the self‐consistent field (SCF), configuration interaction with single and double excitations (CISD), and coupled cluster with single and double excitations (CCSD) methods. Basis sets used include double‐zeta plus polarization (DZP), triple‐zeta plus double polarization (TZ2P), and additional diffuse functions on the silicon atom [DZP+diff(Si), TZ2P+diff(Si)]. The umbrella mode of the silyl anion is most sensitive to basis set quality and electron correlation. Our best predicted vibrational frequency [CISD with TZ2P+diff(Si)] for this particular mode is 890 cm−1. At all levels of theory, the infrared (IR) intensities have been obtained. T...


The invention provides a fly expelling line incense with the active compound is trans-chlorempenthrin, the structure of which is the following formula (A). The content of the compound is the fly expelling line incense is 0.1-3.0 w/w%. Compared with the prior art, the fly expelling line incense of the invention has better control efficiency. The invention further provides a method for preparing the fly expelling line incense.


Background: Physical activity is an important behaviour associated with positive health benefits as well as an increase in longevity. Time spent sedentary throughout the waking hour's leads to physical inactivity and is now being considered its own risk factor related to metabolic disorders such as obesity. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between BMI-determined weight status and sedentary time in a representative sample of U.S. adults. A secondary purpose was to examine this relationship while controlling for physical activity. Methods: Data from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used for the study. Three weight categories were created from BMI: normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m 2 ), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m 2 ), and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ). Sedentary time was assessed by asking respondents how much time they usually spend sitting on a typical day. Respondents were placed into one of four sedentary time Quartiles. Multinomial logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for confounding variables. Results: Adults who were the least sedentary, as compared to the most sedentary, were significantly more likely (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.35 – 2.41) to be normal weight than obese, while controlling for confounding variables. This same relationship was significant in adults who did not meet recommended levels of physical activity (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.08 – 2.41). This relationship was suggestive, however not significant, among adults who met recommended levels of physical activity (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.98 – 3.14). Conclusion: Results from this study show that sedentary time and BMI are related to each other and remain so after controlling for confounding variables. Health promotion interventions that focus on decreasing sedentary time as well as increasing physical activity may have positive effects on body weight.


Drawing from theoretical perspectives on social identity, self-categorization, intelligence and leader–member exchange, the purpose of this paper is to develop and test a moderated-moderation model involving a member's task performance in global virtual team.,A survey study was conducted involving both team members and their respective team leaders in global virtual teams (GVTs) in a multinational firm based in the Philippines.,Results demonstrate that a member's perceived cultural dissimilarity is significantly but negatively related to his or her task performance (as rated by the team leader). Also, results show that a team member's cultural intelligence (CQ) (as rated by the team leader) exerts a moderating influence in the relationship between perceived cultural dissimilarity and task performance. Lastly, team leader's CQ (as rated by the team member) exerts a moderating influence on the relationship between perceived cultural dissimilarity and team member's CQ which consequently impacts a team member's task performance.,This study contributes to the literature particularly adding to the growing body of literature that identifies factors contributing to the effectiveness of GVTs. Specifically, the authors highlight the critical role of CQ of both team member and team leader in reducing the negative influence of perceived cultural dissimilarity on individual task performance. This study also offers practical recommendations on how to effectively develop and enhance CQ in GVTs so that high levels of effectiveness particularly when delivering the tasks are ensured.


The present study examines the interplay between participation in religious services and gender differences in mitigating acculturative stress among Korean immigrants in the United States. Using cross-sectional survey data from a total of 164 Korean immigrants, our findings suggest that participation in religious services is significantly associated with a lower level of acculturative stress, and the negative association became stronger when a participant is female. This study is one of few empirical studies that examine the differential role of participation in religious services across gender in reducing acculturative stress among Korean immigrants in the United States.


The main negative consequences: (1) 67% of respondents reported that the study at hand the search for positive and negative effects resulting from the publication of crime news in newspapers Arabia. The researchers in this study identified three main objectives of this study are: (1) disclosure of the implications of the publication of crime news in newspapers Saudi Arabia, security, social and psychological. (2) to identify the views of readers about this news and progress of their advantages and disadvantages. (3) identify the personal characteristics of the readers and their impact on their views about reading the news of the crime.
To achieve the objectives of this study, researchers used a survey method for social as much information as possible from the respondents. Questionnaire was designed especially for this research as well as relying on interviews is regulated as a tool to help to get additional information from specialists in the fields of psychology and the meeting and the media and security.
This study has revealed many of the positive and negative outcomes resulting from the publication of crime news in newspapers Arabia. He highlighted the positive results: (1) increase the awareness of readers what is happening in society from crimes to prevent them. (2) respondents are ready to assist the police to tackle crime and eliminate them.
News Crime may read them by encouraging them to simulate the criminals. (2) 41% of respondents believe that the security services are unable to respond to crimes. (3) showed 52% respondents admire the skill of the criminals, which may result to emulate them.


Abstract: This chapter discusses the current situation, developments and future trends in the use of biodegradable and biobased plastics in packaging for food, beverages and other fast-moving consumer items. Areas covered include the production, properties and processing of the various types of biodegradable polymer used for packaging, biobased versions of conventional polymers used in packaging and developments in the synthesis of monomers, chemicals and polymers by biobased routes. Particular emphasis is given to biobased polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terepthalate. Definitions and standards of bioplastics, biodegradability, compostability and biobased content are also discussed.


A convenient synthesis and characterization of several examples of (E)-2-[2-(1-alkyl-3-pyridinio)vinyl]benzimidazolate inner salts and (E)-1-alkyl-2(or 4)-[2-(benzimidazol-2-ylidene)ethylidene]-dihydropyridines with a betaine character is reported. Their structural aspects are discussed mainly on the basis of the 1 H NMR data and experimental dipole moment values (11.6-13.0 D). The experimental information available for (E)-1-alkyl-2 (or 4) -[2-(benzimidazol-2-ylidene)ethylidene]dihydropyridines(A↔B) is consistent with a betaine character, and the dipolar form (B) has been shown to make an important contribution to the ground state


The sections in this article are

Introduction
Quantification of Local Proteolytic Activity – an Objective
Regulation of Protease Activity
Secretion
Activation
Inactivation
Endogenous Protease Inhibitors
Glycosylation
Oligomerization
Protein Trafficking

Mechanisms of Confining Proteolytic Activity
Membrane-type Matrix Metalloproteinases
Cell Surface Receptors for Protease Binding
ECM Binding of Proteases
Cellular Microdomains
The Tumor–Host Conspiracy

Local Proteolytic Activity Regulates Complex Cellular Functions
Local Proteolytic Activity in Cancer Cell Migration
Local Proteolytic Activity and Cell Signaling
Functional Insights from Matrix-metalloprotease Deficient Mice

Evaluation of Classical Methods for Quantification of Net Proteolytic Activity
Functional Detection of Local Proteolytic Activity by In Situ Zymography
Tumor Cell Invasion Assays
Electrical Resistance Breakdown Assay

In vivo Detection of Proteolytic Activity
Multiphoton Microscopy and Second-harmonic Generation
In vitro Detection of Local Proteolytic Activity by Labeled Substrates

Novel Approaches to Local Proteolytic Activity
Conclusions and Perspectives
Acknowledgments


According to the early situation of hidden framing glass curtain wall engineering in Wuhu area,this paper made thorough analysis according to the construction technology of hidden framing glass curtain wall and existed problems of aluminum alloy,structural adhesive,panel glass and other used materials,and put forward reasonable suggestions,laid foundation for the promotion of hidden framing glass curtain wall.


Recent interest has focussed on S-shaped or reverse S-shaped magnetic field configurations and their possible relationship to CMEs. We have observed a large sigmoidal structure that formed on 8-May-00 between the remnants of two previously existing active regions. Studies of this structure are discussed and the role of CMEs in removing helicity is examined. In contrast. the observation of a flare of class X1.2 on 30-Sep-00 that shows no evidence of related CME or other eruptive activity is described. The relevance of the pre-flare magnetic field configuration as an inhibitor of eruption is discussed.


In this paper we present new ideas and applications to environmental problems of an innovative tetrahedral mesh generator which was introduced in [1,2]. A local refinement/derefinement algorithm for nested triangulations [3] and a simultaneous untangling and smoothing procedure [4] are the main involved techniques. The mesh generator can be applied to 3-D complex domains whose boundaries are projectable on external faces of a high quality and coarse hexahedral mesh of an object meccano. The domain surfaces must be given by a mapping between meccano surfaces and object boundary. This mapping can be defined by analytical or discrete functions. At present we have fixed mappings with orthogonal, cylindrical and radial projections, but other one-to-one projections may be considered. The mesh generator starts from a coarse tetrahedral mesh which is automatically obtained by the subdivision of each hexahedra into six tetrahedra. The main idea is to construct a sequence of nested meshes by refining only those tetrahedra which have a face on the meccano boundary. The virtual projection of meccano external faces defines a valid triangulation on the domain boundary. Then a 3-D local refinement/derefinement is carried out such that the approximation of domain boundary surfaces verifies a given precision. Once this objective is reached, those nodes placed on the meccano boundary are really projected on their corresponding true boundary, and inner nodes are relocated using a suitable mapping. As the mesh topology is kept during node movement, poor quality or even inverted tetrahedra could appear in the resulting mesh. For this reason, we finally apply the simultaneous untangling and smoothing procedure [4], which is based on local node relocation technique. Besides, a smoothing of the boundary surface triangulation could be applied before the movement of inner nodes of the domain by using the procedure presented in [5]. Specifically, in this paper we apply our technique to automatically construct 3-D triangulations of domains oriented to solve environmental problems. We will show test examples which justify the minimal user intervention and the efficiency of the procedure. As example, the interior faces of a meccano (formed by six cuboid pieces) are projected on the surface of the Earth and the exterior ones are projected on an spherical surface included in the Atmosphere, see Figure 1. In this example, we have automatically constructed an adaptive discretization to approach the height of Earth surface with a given precision. To define the topography we have used the global digital elevation model GTOPO30 (http://edc.usgs.gov/products/elevation/gtopo30/gtopo30.html). Figure 1: Resulting adaptive tetrahedral mesh of a section of an atmosphere shell. This work has been supported by the Spanish Government, "Secretarı́a de Estado de Universidades e Investigación", "Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia", and FEDER, grant contracts: CGL2004-06171C03-03/CLI and CGL2004-06171-C03-02/CLI.


Power Electronic coursework has been labeled as one of the hardest course amongst the Diploma program offered in UiTM. Therefore a development of engineering education method is crucial in enhancing the student ability to adapt and follow the syllabus clearly. One major problem that has been faced amongst the student is to differentiate the output waveform of a converter. A simple software simulation module is adapted in each of the chapter. This paper reports and discusses an education method implemented in UiTM Cawangan Dungun Kampus Dungun for Power Electronic Subject (EPO359).


A model of the glucose homeostasis system that allows in vivo validification is examined. A preliminary version of the model is given.


Summary: Two studies were performed to assess the duration of action of practolol following therapeutic dosage and sudden cessation. The first study involved 19 patients who had completed a two‐year double‐blind study of the possible benefits of practolol following an acute myocardial infarction. Eleven of these patients had received 400 mg of practolol a day and eight had received placebo tablets. Exercise tests on a stationary bicycle were carried out before, and then two‐and‐a‐half, seven and ten days following discontinuation of medication. The patients were exercised up to a work level of 150 watts and the maximum heart rate noted. The resting heart rates were similar in both the practolol and placebo treated patients (P > 005), both while on and after discontinuation of the medication. There was, however, a significant difference in the maximal heart rate achieved on exercise between the practolol and placebo treated patients, while on medication (mean maximal heart rates 106 and 139/min, P < 0001 J, attwo‐and‐a‐half days (mean rates 124 and 1471 min, P < 005), but not at seven days (mean rates 135 and 146/min, P > 005) after cessation of medication.


The new Malaysian government, which is really just a collection of old Malaysian governments, is determined to change the path of the country. Some of these reforms are largely motivated by spite for the previous prime minister, Najib Razak, but others have been unexpected and extraordinarily progressive for a country hardly known for taking chances. An announcement was made on World Day Against the Death that the next sitting of the parliament will see the death penalty be formally abolished. Will Malaysia's neighbours follow suit?


Abstract : This memorandum records details of the results of an Engine Performance Monitoring Trial carried out on the Hercules Aircraft of the RAAF during February-July 1977. The engine monitoring procedures were developed as an aid to the Flight Engineer and the Maintenance Section, so that the performance of the Allison T56 engines could be monitored more closely than is currently specified in RAAF Squadron operating procedures, thus enabling engine operation and maintenance action to be carried out more effectively. The trial was conducted on all Hercules aircraft operated by Nos. 36 and 37 Squadrons, and the initial analysis of results was carried out by personnel from No. 486 Squadron, who are responsible for maintenance of these aircrafts. The memorandum is divided into two sections: (a) Operating Instructions for Aircrew and Maintenance Personnel, and (b) Results of Trial. Details of the rationale behind the monitoring procedures and overall conclusions on the trial are given in Reference 1, Part B.


The startup of ANAMMOX coupling heterotrophic denitrifying reactor and the influence of concentration of phenol on the nitrogen removal performance of coupled reactor were investigated. Cultivated with 2L(20% of effective volume of reactor) anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge that the volatile suspended solids(MLVSS) was 6000mg/L, anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupling heterotrophic denitrifying was started up successfully for 86days under the condition of pH 7.8, water temperature 25 and hydraulic detention time(HRT) 1.5h. ℃ The steady phase, the average removal rates of NH4 +-N、NO2--N and TN were 85.39%,86.12% and 79.85% respectively, the average volumetric load of total nitrogen and the average removal load of total nitrogen were 2.63kg/(m3·d) and 2.10kg/(m3·d) respectively. ANAMMOX granular sludge was coated with phenol denitrifying bacteria. The relationship between heterotrophic denitrification and anammox was cooperative and competitive in the system. The activity of ANAMMOX bacteria was suppressed strongly when the concentration of phenol≥0.3mmol/L, the competition between phenol denitrifying bacteria and ANAMMOX bacteria was intensified as the increasing of concentration of phenol.When the concentration of phenol was 0.2mmol/L, the denitrification effect of system is best considering from denitrification and the stability of system. The ratio of removed NH4 +-N, reomved NO2--N and generated NO3--N was 1:1.52:0.11.


Caching is one of the most used technique to reduce the Internet bandwidth consumption leading to an improvement of the end-to-end delays. Due to the limited capacity of single caches (memory and bandwidth) multiple caches are combined to build a cache network serving a large number of users in a highly efficient cache federation. Three different possibilities for the composition of caches in a cache federation are possible: hierarchical, distributed and hybrid.
 In this paper we will introduce and discuss the well-known model of Rodriguez et al. and validate it using real measurements data. Furthermore, we will discuss some improvement issues of this model.


QDs(Quantum dots) is a better biological probe than fluorescence dye molecule,Because it has special features such as broader excitation spectrum,narrower emission spectrum,higher fluorescence QDs protective rate and longer lifetime.The thesis introduced in and abroad preparation methods of QDs and its surface finishing.Application of QDs in biology was summarized moreover.


Studying different aspects of an employee's characteristics as an intellectual asset has become important for organization as it can help to find out effective and efficient employees and that contributes to the overall development of the organization. Emotional intelligence is one of the aspects which focus on employee's capacity of recognizing their own emotions, others' emotions and managing them. Studying this aspect of employees can help the organizations to select and recruit the effective employees. Effectiveness means doing the right things or occupying oneself with the right things. Employee stability, effectiveness and retention for a longer span are the crucial issues for IT/ITES industry. Primary objective of this study is to measure employee effectiveness through emotional intelligence. The study is considering various demographic details and its relationship with the various aspects of emotional intelligence. In this study, researchers wanted to know the employee effectiveness through checking their emotional equilibrium by using one's self-reliance, empathy, managing self and relations. Descriptive-single cross sectional research design has been followed with snowball sampling technique. Sample size of the study was 300 employees, out of which 150 employees were from IT field and 150 employees from ITES field. SPSS and Microsoft Excel was used to perform statistical analysis.


The weak Whyburn property is a generalization of the classical sequen- tial property that was studied by many authors. A space X is weakly Whyburn if for every non-closed set A ⊂ X there is a subset B ⊂ A such that B \A is a single- ton. We prove that every countably compact Urysohn space of cardinality smaller than the continuum is weakly Whyburn and show that, consistently, the Urysohn assumption is essential. We simultaneously solve a question of Pelant, Tkachenko, Tkachuk and Wilson and one of Bella, Costantini and ourselves by constructing a Lindelof P-space of cardinality !2 that is not weakly Whyburn. We give conditions for a weak Whyburn space to be pseudoradial and construct a countably compact weakly Whyburn non-pseudoradial regular space, which solves a question asked by Bella in private communication.


With the continuous growth of cyberinfrastructure throughout modern society, the need for secure computing and communication is more important than ever before. As a result, there is also an increasing need for entry-level developers who are capable of designing and building practical solutions for systems with stringent security requirements. This calls for careful attention to algorithm choice and implementation method, as well as trade-offs between hardware and software implementations. This article describes motivation and efforts taken by three departments at Rochester Institute of Technology (Computer Engineering, Computer Science, and Software Engineering) that were focused on creating a multidisciplinary course that integrates the algorithmic, engineering, and practical aspects of security as exemplified by applied cryptography. In particular, the article presents the structure of this new course, topics covered, lab tools and results from the first two spring quarter offerings in 2011 and 2012.


A condensed collection of all the thermodynamic relations among first derivatives for elastic solids under the outside variation of only temperature, stress, and the electrostatic field is presented. Simple relations among all the possible empirical coefficients are tabulated. Tables of first derivatives with respect to variables of practical interest, from which the Jacobians and all other first derivatives can be obtained in terms of empirical quantities, are given and their applications are illustrated with examples.


We solve the Dorokhov-Mello-Pereyra-Kumar equation which describes the evolution of an ensemble of disordered wires of increasing length in the three cases $\ensuremath{\beta}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1,2,4$. The solution is obtained by mapping the problem in that of a suitable Calogero-Sutherland model. In the $\ensuremath{\beta}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}2$ case our solution is in complete agreement with that recently found by Beenakker and Rejaei.


The mercury discharged into the sea by the Chisso factory in Minamata, and the radiation released by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, are not entirely different "accidents," although one was the result of a "natural disaster" and one not. Minamata offers hints of future developments as Japan attempts to respond to and recover from Fukushima.


In this paper, coal-based reduction on flotation middling from iron ore containing carbonate at donganshan was studied, during which the effect of reduction temperature, reduction time, C/O mole ratio and feed layer thickness on reduction process were carried out. The results showed that the optimal reduction conditions required a temperature of 1250°C,a duration of 70min, a C/O mole ratio of 2.0 and a feed layer thickness of 25mm, and the iron powder containing 90.27% Fe with iron recovery of 93.36% was obtained after three stages low intensity magnetic separation, which could be used to make steel. According to the chemical analysis, most of the iron minerals were reduced to metallic iron. Coal-based reduction proved to be an alternative and promising process to conduct the fine particles and powders.


The distribution of negative carbon clusters, C, is studied in the size range from 4 to 100 atoms using a Smalley compact supersonic source interfaced to a Fourier transform mass spectrometer. Tht mass spectrum of the anion clusters shows three regions which, based on earlier work, can be assigned to three different types of structures: chain, monocyclic and fullerene. The boundaries observed for the three regions in the mass spectrum suggest that the transition from chain to cyclic structure occurs between C and C, and the one from cyclic structure to fullerene occurs in the region of C to C. Magic numbers in the cyclic cluster region are found to be 17, 21, 25, 29 and 33 (n = 4m + l), and in the fullerene region, 60 and 74. Water can react with carbon clusters in the supersonic source to form hydrogenation products followed by electron attachment to give CnH− and CnH (for even n smaller than about 22). With argon as the target gas, only small C (n < 14, except n = 4) are observed to undergo low energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) yielding mainly C. While CID of CnH− gives C, no product was observed during CID of CnH.


The effect of 60Co-γ and 1 MeV electron irradiation on the kinetics of the H2—H+ exchange on platinum electrodes immersed in hydrogen-saturated dilute aqueous solutions (pH 1.04 to 3.9; no supporting electrolyte) was studied. The investigation was possible since the dissolved hydrogen facilitated the efficient radical chain decomposition of the electrochemically-active radiolytic hydrogen peroxide. Two principal radiation effects were observed: (i) exchange current densities were increased by amounts which were too large to be explained by the catalytic activity of the unstable intermediates. It was therefore proposed that radiation generates electrochemically active sites by the displacement of surface metal atoms. (ii) irradiation led to small negative shifts in the rest potential, the magnitudes of which were proportional to the dose rate and to the electrode polarization resistance. The shifts were either a consequence of the fact that irradiation accelerates anodic more than cathodic processes; or were due to the establishment of mixed potentials involving the H2—H+ exchange (E0= 0.0 V) and the oxidation of radiolytic hydrogen atoms (E0=–2.1 V). Quantitative results favoured the former explanation.


To investigate the pharmacological effect of cinnabar and realgar anti-virus.Physiological structure and biological properties of the virus was understanded from the perspective of the pharmaceutical physician.Lnactivated material ofthe viral protease acids,alkalis,arsenic and heavy metals.Of cinnabar(mercuric sulfide) as a heavy metal inactivation of thescientific principles of the viral protease.Of realgar(arsenic disulfide) as arsenide viral protease inactivation of scientific principles.To the spatial configuration of medicine chemistry,biochemistry,microbiology,pharmacology and medical science to linkthe several vicious virus infection cruel situation of no drugs available.Cinnabar and realgar antiviral pharmacological action,infull compliance with the scientific principles of biochemistry and microbiology and pharmacology.


Different biological methods are gaining recognition for the production of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) due to their multiple applications. The use of plants in the synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. In the present study, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Ziziphora tenuior L of water extraction was carried out. For this purpose the water extract of Ziziphora tenuior L is used as the reducing agent. By addition of silver nitrate to this extract at room temperature, the color of the extract changed from pale yellow to dark brown, which showed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The characteristics of the obtained silver nanoparticles were studied using different methods, which including; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ziziphora tenuior L was found to display strong potential for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by rapid reduction of silver ions (Ag+ to Ag°).


In the present study the organization of the corticonuclear projections of the cerebellum in the red‐eared turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans was investigated. To find out whether a zonal pattern exists in the cerebellar cortex, a topological analysis was made of the Purkinje cell layer of a Nissl‐stained series of the cerebellum. This analysis showed a distinct, longitudinally oriented zonal pattern of Purkinje cells. In each cerebellar half a medial, an intermediate, and a lateral zone could be distinguished. This pattern appeared to correspond in part to an earlier subdivision of the reptilian cerebellum suggested by Larsell (1926, 1932, 1967).


The whirl mode, seriously affecting the stability of active magnetic bearings (AMBs), is a hot issue in the AMBs-rotor system. This article stresses a whirl mode problem accompanied by the operating point deviation when the magnetically suspended control moment gyro outputs torque. A feedback linearization controller is proposed to decouple the whirl mode effects from the system state-space representation. A robust controller for uncertain systems is also used to solve the operating point deviation problem. First, the AMBs-rotor system's state-space representation containing the whirl mode terms is described. Next, a system uncertainty caused by the operating point deviation is discussed. Then, a feedback linearization controller combined with a robust controller for uncertain systems is designed. Finally, simulations and experiments for validity verification are presented, and comparative experiments with a PID controller and a robust controller are shown and compared in this article.


The book here reviewed is particularly important in the field of comparative studies dedicated to Dostoevsky and Malraux, since it is the first attempt to generalize and systematize the connections that unite the creative heritage of the two writers. The interest of Howlett's book lies in the fact that the author considers Malraux from three different points of view: as a reader, literary theorist, and writer; thus, he creates an original biography of the French writer through the prism of the impact of Dostoevsky's ideas on him and at the same time a study that allows us to understand Dostoevsky's role in the development of French literature in the 19th and 20th centuries. Trying to define the role of Dostoevsky in Malraux's creative development, Howlett speaks of a demonic influence of the Russian writer: Dostoevsky predetermined Malraux's place as a novelist and literary critic and predicted his fate, being at the same time a "guardian demon" and a tempter, constantly encouraging him to ask the cursed questions of existence. Extracting from Malraux's texts statements about the Russian author and combining them with his own reflections and observations, Howlett seems to continue and realize Malraux's unfinished plan to write a book about Dostoevsky.


Lead(IV) chloride, PbCl4, is a volatile air-sensitive liquid under ambient conditions. The crystal structure consists of tetrahedral molecules residing on crystallographic twofold axes, with no intermolecular interactions within the sum of van der Waals radii. Unlike the lighter Group 14 analogues, which are based on hexagonal close packing of Cl atoms, the Cl atoms in PbCl4 form a cubic close-packed array.


Considering the recent energy and environment situation in China,introduce the main principle of the seawater heatpump system and the applications of this technology in out of China.Analyses the effect of residents' health and living environment by using seawater heatpump system to fulfil the district heating cooling.Reveals the perspective of using the seawater source heatpump technology in China.


The appearance and development of new construction materials, technology and accurate geodetic instruments have led to the necessity of their inevitable use in the health monitoring, maintenance, and restoration of civil structures and special structures such as high-rise cooling towers. This paper presents an accurate practical and analytical method for determining the structural deformation and axis inclination of high rise cooling towers using terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) observations through the projection of tower surface points coordinates on a vertical plane. Four cooling towers in El-Mahla El-Kubra city, Egypt are observed and studied. Two of them with height 56 m, and the others were 36 m height. The studied four towers have different cross-section diameters along the tower height. Each tower has a cone shape with a curved wall. The equation of the tower wall is determined using TLS observations and least squares adjustment techniques. The equations of cone projection with a curved wall are derived and presented in this paper. From TLS observations, the radii and accuracy of each 2 m tower height are determined with center coordinates, and then the inclination of the tower axis is calculated and drawn. From the results of TLS observations, data processing, and analysis using the suggested techniques, it is deduced that there is a deformation in tower walls with small values. The specified technique for observations collection and TLS data analysis through projection on a vertical plane is significant and valuable for determining the structural deformation of circular high rise buildings and towers. From the results, there are obvious deformation values in some cooling towers, so maintenance work must be included. The towers also must be checked and monitored several times at brief intervals.


We present a new idea to estimate small vertical emittance of a few pm.rad-order in an electron storage ring. The emittance reduction is important for synchrotron radiation sources providing brilliant photon beam. And also, its estimation is crucial from the viewpoint of precise control. In our method, vertical dispersion is used to systematically change the vertical beam size along the ring. Vertical dispersion of 1 mm, which is sufficiently controllable by skew quadrupoles, corresponds to the vertical beam size of 1 micron. This becomes a good probe when the vertical beam size is the same order of 1 micron. The magnitude of vertical emittance is clearly reflected by the response of physical observables which depend on the emittance in changing the dispersion. Vertical emittance can be thus estimated by analyzing the dependence of Touschek lifetime on the change of vertical dispersion with 4× 4 ring model describing the measured dispersion. By applying our method to the SPring-8 storage ring, vertical emittance values for "HHLV" and "Hybrid" optics are estimated to be respectively 5.5 and 5.1 pm.rad in the nominal operation condition.


This article proposes, in the light of the evolution of the traditional vision of retail supermarkets, a modern antitrust analysis of this sector, seeking to overcome the idea that supermarkets appear as neutral agents of the market, hence the market power in supermarket retailer can impact on the competition field. Thus, this article studies the supermarkets as two-sided platforms with characteristics of the competitive bottleneck. According to the two-sided platform theory, the supermarkets should be analyzed as service providers for final consumers and suppliers, noting that these two distinct groups depend on the supermarket for the intermediation of transactions, which means that there are indirect externalities between the two groups and, consequently, confers bargaining power to the platform. Furthermore, according to the theory of bottlenecks to competition, it can be argued that the retail supermarket has a monopoly power to provide access to one group or another. This proposal, as this article seeks to demonstrate, brings with it a new way of understanding the possible legal relationships of the agents in the retail supermarket, in their vertical, horizontal and diagonal relations.


Rural production spaces are important sites for agricultural activities, and high-quality rural production space is of great significance for guaranteeing food security and revitalizing rural areas. This study used Songnen Plain, a typical grain-producing area in Northeast China, as the study area and analyzed the spatial and temporal patterns of rural production space quality and its influencing factors from 2005 to 2020 using the rural production space quality assessment model, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and Geodetector. The results showed that: (1) The rural production space quality in the Songnen Plain has undergone a general process of change with 2015 as the node, showing an overall increase followed by a small decrease in some counties. Input–output efficiency exhibited a pattern with a high center and low perimeter, and rural production space quality exhibited a high in the south and low in the north pattern for all the years. (2) The spatial distribution of rural production quality in the Songnen Plain is highly correlated, and H-H and L-L zones had obvious spatial clustering characteristics. There were slight variations in spatial correlations of quality in each year, but the overall spatial quality exhibited a stable pattern of high in the south and low in the north. (3) The purchasing power for means of production, the level of infrastructure, and the level of agricultural mechanization were the main factors affecting the rural production space quality in the Songnen Plain, and the influence of population contraction and urbanization was gradually increasing. The results of the study can provide support for the sustainable development of rural production space and rural revitalization in Northeast China.


With the recent advancement in mobile computing technologies, there has been a paradigm shift from electronic learning(e-learning) to distance learning(d-learning) to mobile learning(m-learning). M-learning not only provides educational oppurtunities through handheld devices, but also facilitates just in time information required at the right time and right place. Though m-learning provides mobility and instant access to education, there are some implementation challenges and issues like limited processing capability and small screen display that needs researchers attention. Keeping in view the latest trends in Information, Electronics and Communication Technologies(IECT) and the increased usage of mobile phones in India, this paper discusses mobile learning technologies, opportunities and challenges for success-full implementation of m-learning. It is observed that most of the students in India use low cost mobile phones that too with different hardware capabilities and features. Researchers and developers in education domain should consider these mobile capabilities and challenges before developing m-learning video content. Pilot experiment was conducted to study different mobile video presentation styles, file formats and their playback capabilities using students mobile phones. Students from various finishing schools were involved in carrying out this experiment. Based on pilot results, instructional design strategy and mobile video content development guidelines were formulated catering to the requirements of student community in India.


This research note concerns total factor productivity measurement at the firm level. Specifically the purpose of the note is to describe a means for incorporating return on investment (ROI) as the improvement criterion in profit-linked total factor productivity measurement procedures. The expressions presented here provide a mechanism to explain changes in profits due to productivity performance beyond the level associated with an ROI goal. This is an extension of existing measurement procedures that utilize gross profit margin rather than ROI as the improvement criterion. The formulation presented here is more appropriate than the margin approach when ROI is the primary financial yardstick of the firm. In presenting this formulation, the ROI based expressions for calculating the type of information derived in a profit-linked total factor productivity measurement procedure will first be given. Then the use of these expressions will be illustrated through a case study.


Aim\ To build the multiple partial replacement transfusion monkey models for Plasmodium falciparum.Methods\ Using immunosuppressive drugs to inhibit hemolytic reaction in monkeys, and partial replacement transfused with human red cells. Results\ In the models, the parasites had survived for 21 days or over,the marimun infection rates were 8 6%,10 6% and 6 4%.In the test of antiperiodic drug, the infection rate was rapidly fell from 4 6% to 0 5% 4 hours after Artemetheri injection; after 24 hours, the parasites could not be found in the test monkey. Conclusion\ The Plasmodium falciparum could grow in the monkey models and the model could be used for the study on human malaria erythrocytic stages and the antiperiodic drug tests


FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has body having reservoir, piston rejecting the product from the reservoir when performing pressure stroke towards outlet opening of the reservoir for forcing product from the reservoir. Toothed rack moves the piston in pressureaugmenting direction and has the first and the second row of teeth. The driving member is movable relative to the device body in pressure-augmenting direction and in opposite direction. It sets toothed rack in action during its traveling in the pressureaugmenting direction. Locking unit is mounted for excluding relative displacement with respect to the device body and engageable with one of teeth row in a way that it prevents toothed rack movements in the direction opposite to one causing pressure augmentation and enables its motion to be done in the direction causing pressure augmentation. The second teeth row has elongated gap between the teeth coming in engagement with the locking member engageable with the second teeth row when the toothed rack assumes the initial position before starting the first injection. EFFECT: high accuracy of dosing. 8 cl, 3 dwg


Relyea (2005a), asserts that current application rates for the glyphosate formulation Roundup are highly lethal to many amphibian species. We strongly disagree with this conclusion since it is based on inappropriate generalization and extrapolative inference from a single test that is arguably irrelevant to most real-world scenarios. We contend that the application rates and resultant aqueous exposure concentrations used in this experiment are quite atypical of those associated with dominant uses of glyphosate formulations in agriculture, forestry, and industrial sectors. Two specific statements in the Relyea paper serve as focal points for concern: 1) This study represents one of the most extensive experimental investigations of pesticide effects on aquatic communities and offers a comprehensive perspective on the impacts of pesticides when non-target organisms are examined under ecologically relevant conditions. 2) Collectively, the available data indicate that, contrary to conventional wisdom, current application rates of Roundup can be lethal to many species of amphibians. Both statements exemplify a tendency for overgeneralization and excessive extrapolation. We submit that no single experiment represents an extensive investigation of pesticide effects on aquatic organisms. Neither could it offer a comprehensive perspective on such a broad topic area. Bartell et al. (1992), notes that ecological risk estimation is complex and requires, as a minimum, full characterization of concentration–response relationships and determination of the range of real-world exposure concentrations relevant to major use patterns. Resultant risk estimates are based on the probability that significant deleterious effects may be generated under real-world exposure regimes. A comprehensive perspective would require review and critical analysis of hundreds of previously published papers. None of these fundamental requirements are met in this publication. We certainly agree with the author on the general value of mesocosm studies in assessing potential effects of pesticides in aquatic systems. However, as discussed previously (e.g., Touart and Slimak 1989, Thompson 2004), mesocosm testing should be considered as one element in a multi-tiered research program that generates data, which when considered in whole, may be sufficient for effective estimation of ecological risk. The industry and complexity involved in conducting a single mesocosm study does not confer broad spectrum inference potential. Moreover, results must be considered in relation to relevant pre-existing data and with due consideration for the ''weight of scientific evidence'' principle. These criteria are also not met by the Relyea (2005a) publication. This is demonstrated by the fact that a number of directly relevant papers (e.g., Berrill et al. 1997, Lajmanovich et al. 2003, Chen et al. 2004, Edginton et al. 2004, Howe et al. 2004, Thompson 2004, Thompson et al. 2004, Wojtaszek et al. 2004) comprising a significant proportion of the preexisting body of knowledge on potential effects of glyphosate herbicides to amphibians were neither cited nor discussed in the paper. This omission is particularly disquieting given the author's explicit statement (Relyea 2005a:625) that ''Prior tests of glyphosate on amphibians have been rare,'' the fact that several of these papers draw opposing conclusions, and the author's assertion as to what the ''collective data'' on this topic indicate. In our view, neither the specific results of this experiment nor the collective data support the conclusion that Roundup is likely to be lethal to many species of amphibians under environmentally realistic use scenarios. This viewpoint is based on the general lack of relevance of experimental results to typical use patterns and application rates, and available data on measured concentrations in lentic systems associated with the predominant use of glyphosate formulations in agriculture, forestry or industrial sectors. In addition, several methodological issues and design flaws result in substantial uncertainty in extrapolation of test results to effects that might be expected in natural aquatic systems. To facilitate cross-comparisons and avoid confusion, all application rates and aqueous concentration values in this letter have been converted to units of glyphosate acid equivalents (a.e.). In the case of formulations containing the isopropylamine (IPA) salt, as for the test material in the Relyea study, the appropriate conversion factor is based on the molecular weight ratio of glyphosate acid to isoproplyamine salt (356/480 1⁄4


We report advances in nonaqueous sizing and desizing where liquid carbon dioxide is the solvent. New size formulations are required for carbon dioxide based sizing and desizing because traditional size materials are not soluble in this novel solvent. Toward this end, new size formulations based on fluorinated compounds have been prepared and applied to polyester/cotton blend yams. Size performance is characterized with respect to abrasion resistance, tensile strength, and elongation-at-break. Some of these developmental size formulations appear to have abrasion resistance in excess of three times that of conventional starch/polyvinyl alcohol sizes, as measured by the number of abrasion cycles to break normalized to the size add-on. Quantitative desizing by means of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is demonstrated using a traditional "X-test." We also report desizing through several layers of fabric to mimic desizing a roll of greige fabric.


This paper indicates that drumming accelerates physical healing, boost the immune system, and produces feelings of well-being through the release of emotional trauma. Holistic drumming approaches have been proven to be very successful in helping people with major medical issues. The initial investigations of 3 studies evaluated the methods of Drum Therapy in order to examine the effects of Drum Therapy on development of coordination,retention, social skills, and physical and cognitive functioning. Dyslexic individuals may also find improvisation difficult, especially when learning an instrument like the drums. For this reason, the Specific Isolated Instruction teaching method is so important. The results of this study concluded that Drum Therapy helps participants to learn problem-solving strategies, improve patience and perseverance, to develop coordination and retention.


A simple formulation of polyenergetic thermal utilization theory for heterogeneous lattices is proposed. The main ideas are those of Leslie, who postulated an infinite moderator region with a fictitious, energy dependent absorption which includes all heterogeneous properties of the lattice, and those of Amouyal, Benoist, and Horowitz who postulated absorption rates in terms of fuel and moderator escape probabilities. Simple approximations to energy dependent escape probabilities are discussed and lattice spectra are calculated for several light water lattices. (auth)


The preparation and application of rare earth permanent magnet multi-pole magnetic ring were described.The manufacture process of multi-pole anisotropic sintered NdFeB multi-pole magnetic ring was emphaticall introduced.The magnetization process was simply expounded.The application to the field of brushless DC motor was summarized.


Stromboli is a small volcanic island in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. The vol- canic cone is known to have been involved several times by lateral collapses during its geological evolution. The last episode was dated about 5000 years BP and produced a large scar in the northwestern flank of the volcano, named as Sciara del Fuoco (SdF). Here a scenario of lateral collapse is envisaged involving a material volume like the SdF case. The dynamic evolution of the collapsing rocks is studied by means of a numerical block model based on the Lagrangian concept of partitioning the mass in blocks and of computing the motion of the individual blocks. The tsunami generated by the mass entering the sea is simulated through the shallow water approximation over a computational grid embracing Stromboli and other islands of the Aeolian archipelago, and extending up to the coasts of Calabria and Sicily. The propagation of tsunami fronts and energy in the open sea and toward the Italian coasts is investigated and shows that the scenario tsunami focuses on the coasts of the southern part of Tyrrhenian Calabria from Capo Vaticano to Gioia Tauro, whilst the Sicilian coasts are comparatively much less affected.


Prof. Czeslaw S. Cierniewski, outstanding biochemist and biophysicist, died prematurely in 2013. He was Head of the Department of Biophysics of the Medical University of Łodź,  ordinary member of Polish Academy of Sciences, and President of the Łodź Branch of PAS, Chairman of the Committee of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS and founder of the Institute of Medical Biophysics PAS. A scientific session dedicated to his memory will be organized by the Łodź Branch of PAS on October 24, 2014.


Based on ERP,EC and CRM system,a general integrated business intelligent system is proposed.The main function of the system and the system architecture are given.And the relevant technology,such as data mining and XML,is also discussed.


In this study, the topics of grid generation and FEM applications are studied together following their natural synergy. We consider the following three grid generators: Triangle, NETGEN and Gmsh. The quantitative analysis is based on the number of elements/nodes needed to obtain a triangulation of a given domain, satisfying a certain minimal angle condition. After that, the performance of the MIC(0) preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) solver is analyzed for both conforming and non-conforming linear FEM problems. If positive off-diagonal entries appear in the corresponding matrix, a diagonal compensation is applied to get an auxiliary M-matrix allowing a stable MIC(0) factorization. Uniform estimates of the related relative condition numbers are derived. The presented numerical experiments for elliptic and parabolic problems well illustrate the similar PCG convergence rate of the MIC(0) preconditioner for both, structured and unstructured grids. The comparative analysis of the performance for the cases of conforming (Courant) and non-conforming (Crouzeix-Raviart) finite elements is among the contributions of this paper.


The claims and the expectations at a teacher who is willing to join the Lasallian mission, are now similar to those of St. John Baptist de La Salle has addressed to his Brothers more than 300 years ago. The Brothers have built up a global Institute and shaped their identity during the last three centuries. An identity that carries a stirring fascination in so many cultures and so many religions, on men and women that they share a partnership with the Brothers. The commitment of the joint mission does not root like the Brothers in a vow of complete surrender, but has other sources. The following work is an attempt to describe these sources by using the concept of attitudes. For the practical realization of this idea, it makes sense to stake out the dimensions of such an attitude and to try to quantify it. Another objective of this work is to develop simple tools to measure this attitude to enable comparisons and to identify changes. It should be possible to use these tools in a simple way and suitable for local conditions.