The common use of commercial yeasts usually leads to dull wine with similar aromas and tastes. Therefore, screening for novel indigenous yeasts to practice is a promising method. In this research, aroma discrepancies among six wine groups fermentated with indigenous yeasts were analyzed. Three Saccharomyces yeasts (FS36, HL12, YT28) and three matched non-Saccharomyces yeasts (FS31, HL9, YT2) were selected from typical Chinese vineyards. The basic oenological parameters, aroma compounds, and sensory evaluation were analyzed. The results showed that each indigenous Saccharomyces yeast had excellent fermentation capacity, and mixed-strain fermentation groups produced more glycerol, contributing to sweeter and rounder taste. The results from GC-MS, principal components analysis (PCA), and sensory evaluation highlighted that the HL mixed group kept the most content of Marselan varietal flavors such as calamenene and β-damascone hereby ameliorated the whole aroma quality. Our study also implied that the indigenous yeast from the same region as the grape variety seems more conducive to preserve the natural variety characteristics of grapes.


Objective To discover the appearance in MRI and clinical significance in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Methods 78 cases were examined with MRI preoperation and postoperation, the data was analyzed and compared with the improvement rate of ASIA mark.Results All patients' clinical symptoms were improved in different degree after operation. The spinal cord pressed degree and shape of abnormal signal have significant correlation with improvement rate(Ρ0.01), if spinal cord pressed degree more than 1/3, the prognosis was bad in spite of the signal was normal or not. Conclusion The examination of MRI has definite significance to diagnose cervical spondylotic myelopathy, to select a perfect treatment method and estimate prognosis.


Determination of Molar absorptivity of the 3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazine(DBSBH) with more than 40 metal ions produce complexs,in neutral and weak base medium,among which are Molar absorptivity with greatest value of complexs of the DBSBH-rare eartu elements,especially Holmium(Ho) element.Determination of Gallium using spectrophotomety in the Flue dust with satisfectory result.


Photonic crystal waveguide bends were fabricated and characterized. Good agreement was obtained between the numerical predictions of the transmission spectra and the experimental observations.


The present invention in particular in which alloy resin replaced by a heat-resistant and excellent in mechanical properties such as impact resistance, polyamide / polyethylene terephthalate relates to an alloy resin composition, and more particularly poly amide portion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) a compatibility agent and a silane coupling agent and comprises the coated glass fibers and a phenol-based and phosphite-based antioxidants, under hood parts and materials for the olefin-based lubricant and an automobile engine excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength by containing an inorganic filler cover It relates to useful alloy resin composition.


The Road Transport and Logistics sector is subjected to strong competitive pressures within continuous changing socio-economic and regulatory contexts. These constraints have led companies in this sector to resort extensively to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT); these tools have both positive and negative effects on work conditions. Our hypothesis is that these effects depend on user ICT implementation, which is broadly determined by corporate organisation and management instructions. The aim of this study is to test this hypothesis in two companies organised differently (lean-type vs learning type) with an ICT since the last ten years, within an employee health and safety prevention scope. The main results reveal various effects related to using ICT. Weakening of inter-personnel relationships and a redistribution of interactions between operators were observed at company organised according to "lean-type organisation", while high pace of work and activity segmentation were noted in both organisations. Nevertheless, these preliminary results need to be confirmed with further studies involving others type of


The demand for innovative products, i.e. new consumer electronics in the IT business has become fierce due to the economic crisis in 2009. To participate in markets with new products the licensing of successful technologies is an efficient business model of partaking in high profit rates. This tendency shows in the increased license incomes of about 200 billion US$ over the last 15 years. When new technologies, generated under highest confidentiality, appear in the market, a dangerous legal and economic situation may occur, if underlying patents infringe own or third party rights. How can such risks be avoided in the forefront of technology? Guarding against infringement and sustaining the own position are extreme challenges for IP Management.


At his desk, the problem student is not hard to spot: sometimes he almost leaps at his work, without seeming to even pause to consider what is demanded of him. At other times, he keeps doggedly after a task without ever altering his style of attack, long after it is apparent to everyone else that he is getting nowhere. Meanwhile, from time to time he will take leave of his assignment to pop about the room, as if oblivious to the rules of school behavior that his fellow students recognize. Similarly, the school psychologist often can identify a student with learning problems just by scanning his test scores. But what is the connection between those two phenomena? And how does an LD student's test pattern relate to his classroom difficulties? That is just what Lynn C. Richman and Scott D. Lindgren wanted to know. Richman and Lindgren are attached to the University of Iowa's Department of Pediatrics, and together they evaluated 59 children referred to that institution's pediatric psychology outpatient clinic for learning and behavioral problems. The students, whose ages ranged from 7 to 11 years, all had WISC Verbal IQ scores at least 15 points below their Performance IQs. To precisely determine the area of their deficits, Richman and Lindgren administered the Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude to them. Originally designed for deaf children, the Hiskey-Nebraska Test can measure an individual's verbal mediation abilities independant of his capacity for receptive or expressive language, and, Richman and Lindgren reasoned, it should thus be able to tease out the specific area of their children's deficits. Accordingly, they divided their children into three groups: (a) those whose problems were primarily in the area of conceptualization and abstract reasoning, (b) those whose problems centered on sequencing and short-term memory deficits, and (c) those whose problems seemed pervasive and involved deficits in both conceptualization and abstract reasoning and sequencing and short-term memory. The parents were then asked to rate their children's behavior via a standard checklist, and the children were divided into two groups on this basis: (a) those whose problems chiefly derived from poor impulse control and (b) those who were given to acting out and other more pervasive personality problems. Finally, Richman and Lindgren matched the subgroups they got from the children's Hiskey scores with those derived from their parents ratings. As reported in the Journal Of Abnormal Psychology (April 1981 90, 2), the following correlations were found: First, those children whose abstract reasoning capacities were relatively intact had less tendency to have behavioral problems than the other children. Similarly, their academic achievements were also higher. By contrast, the children whose sequencing and memory capacities were higher than their conceptualizing and abstract reasoning skills were more variable in their conduct—as if their ability to retain information briefly and thus act on it appropriately was constantly running up against their diminished capacity for the reasoning, planning, and conceptualization necessary to sustain any self-control over a longer period of time. Finally, those kids whose problems were pervasive had, as you might well guess, the toughest time of it and, correspondingly, the greatest number of both impulse control and personality problems. Although cautioning us that their research needs further confirmation, Richman and Lindgren suggest that their approach could have some immediate clinical implications. For if they are correct —and a student's conduct problems correlate with the specific nature of his learning deficits—then the therapeutic converse also follows: his remediation program ought to be specifically tailored to meet the needs of his problem areas.


The relation between natural
enviroment and historical development is an important question in historic philosophy and
historic theories which have been paid attention to by thinkers and historians. The relation
between natural environment and historical development has always been one of "interaction
and interrestriction" . Theories of determinism cannot be used to express the relation between
natural environment and historical development. The relation between man and nature is a
relation based on practice. Therefore the material practice is the base of the relation between
natural environment and historical development.The drawback of naturalist view of history or
the determinism of geographical environment lies in the lack of the base. [


A method for continuously recycling valuable metal by dielectrophoresis without pollution is provided. The method involves transporting the suspension solution generated in a material mixture chamber into a dielectrophoresis separating chamber. An unsymmetrical electric field is generated in the separating chamber, so that the valuable metal particle contained in the suspension adheres to the wire electrode. A collector is arranged at the lower end of the separating room. A funnel is arranged at the corresponding lower end of the wire electrode in the collector in order to discharge the valuable metal. A loop exit is arranged at the lower bottom of the collector in order to transport the separated suspension solution to the next separating chamber.


An RF power amplifier is the key module of the wireless transmission systems, its performance determines the efficiency and quality of the entire transmission link. In this paper, an inverse class-E power amplifier (IEPA) is developed. An GaN HEMT power amplifier chip and a 3.4GHz transmission line structure are employed to design the IEPA. In order to deduce the optimal voltage, current waveform and the load-side network parameters, the 50% duty cycle signal is employed in the frequency domain simulation. The simulated results show that, under the ideal conditions, the drain efficiency can achieve 100%. The measured output power of the IEPA is 38.2dBm and the power-added efficiency is higher than 70%.


by means of Liapunov functional, the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solution of Duffing equation with delay are studied.


In 1958 and 1959, the age-adjusted death i-ate from cancer of the prostate was 14.5 per 100,000 men in the United States.2'°' By 1961, this rate had risen to 15.7 for white and 19.4 for nonwhite men. In 1962, approximately 14,000 men in the United States died of pros tatic cancer. It is the leading cause of cancer deaths in men over 75@3 The autopsy incidence varies with age and with the care and diligence with which prostatic cancer is sought. In different series of autopsies, cancer has been detected in 14 to 80%. The high, 80%, was in men in their ninth decade (Table 1 ) .â€ẫ€ ̃¿ A significant number of clinically unsuspected cancei-s am-c found when examining prostatic specimens removed for "¿ benigndisease.― In a series i-cported in 1961, of 748 such specimens, the incidence of prostatic cancer was 7@7% 50 Sixty years eai-liei-, Albam-ran and Halléhad noted a 14% incidence under similar conditions. In two other series of "¿ benignpros tate― specimens surgically removed, the incidence of canceiwas 4.0 and 9.2%.@@-@° The low incidence of 4.0 probably reflects the rigid selection of cases studied in that series, which rep resented transurethi-al resections per formed at the Mayo Clinic.20-35 Among 25,000 transu rethral prostatectomies performed at the Mayo Clinic during the past 25 years, canceiwas diagnosed in 13% of these specimens. Obviously,


This thesis develops array signal processing theories for selected biomedical applications involving acoustic waves. Specifically, we consider source localization in the interior of sensor arrays for lung sound localization and efficient algorithms for photoacoustic imaging. Lung sound localization provides quantitative results to the extent and location of lung disorders. Photoacoustic imaging is important for the early detection of cancer and has numerous other biomedical applications. Previous lung sound locahzation methods cannot deal with multiple sources or have analytical performance measures. We propose two methods utilizing the eigen basis decomposition of the wavefield and the Minimum Variance spectrum for multiple source localization. Analytical performance measures were derived for resolution and spatial aliasing. The performance of our methods for lung sound localization together with the performance measures were proven by simulations. We consider the photoacoustic inversion problem from a frequency invariant source localization perspective. Complete series and fast photoacoustic inversion methods have not been developed for the circular and spherical sensor geometries. A new theory is developed for photoacoustic reconstruction where the source distribution is expanded with a suitable series expansion such that separating the modes in the wavefield expansion at particular frequencies, separates the information in the source expansion. This theory is applied for photoacoustic inversion using a circular acquisition geometry. The source is expanded using a Fourier Bessel series and the coefficients are estimated by processing frequencies corresponding to the Bessel zeros. The proposed method is faster than previous approaches and the derivation is valid even for finite measurement bandwidth. This new theory is flexible enough to be applied for arbitrary sensor geometries and allows the selection of a minimum number of frequency samples for reconstruction. For previous frequency domain methods, there was no way to determine the minimum number of frequency samples required. Further, numerical experiments proved the effectiveness of oiu' approach. The extension of the proposed theory for photoacoustic inversion with a spherical array geometry was proposed. This new method expands the source distribution with a spherical Fourier Bessel series whose coefficients were now obtained by processing frequencies corresponding to the spherical Bessel zeros. Using computational order analysis and nimierical experiments, this proposed method was shown to be faster than the backprojection and the Fourier series methods. To enhance the reconstruction of our proposed methods, we introduced a subgradient based Total Variation (TV) minimization and an alternating projections post processing method. Both these methods were designed to handle the large data sets present in photoacoustic tomography. Applications of these two post processing ideas to previously proposed inversion methods are either difficult or impossible. The proposed inversion methods provide projection of the source distribution onto a set of basis functions. Therefore, these two post processing methods were developed to reconstruct a source distribution that preserves these projections and ensures that the source distribution is non-negative. Numerical experiments performed showed that reconstruction quality was improved by applying these two post processing methods. Further, the TV minimization method provided better reconstruction when compared to the alternating projections method. Glossary of Definitions R real numbers R"*" positive real numbers N natural numbers c speed of wave propagation / frequency uj angular frequency equal to 2-nf k wavenumber ki lower frequency limit ku upper frequency limit cr̂ noise power A uppercase, bold letters represent matrices I identity matrix a lowercase, bold letters represent vectors A^ transpose of A A* conjugate transpose of A V gradient of a vector function V^ Laplacian operator div divergence operator for a vector field (•)* complex conjugate operator [•] integer ceiling function E j } expectation operator (a, b) inner product of vectors a and b defined as a*b (-, •) inner product defined for a specific Hilbert space I • I modulus operator vec(-) column stacking operator for a matrix card (A) cardinality of set A II • II Euclidean or the I2 norm II • 111 h norm


This paper reports 4 species of the subgenus Austronomia from China.A key to Chinese species of the subgenus is given.These species include Nomia(Austronomia)takaoensis Friese,N.(A.)krombeini Hirashima,N.(A.)notiomorpha Hirashima and N.(A.)fruhstorferi Perez.N.(A.)notiomorpha Hirashima is newly recorded from China.All examined specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.


Abstract The impact of religious experiences on development is often ignored in therapeutic settings. This study examines the effects of rigidity and fear in religious upbringings and of current religious status on conformity to parental expectations, guilt, aversion to religious artifacts, family strife, independence and irrational beliefs. Questionnaires were designed to measure these effects and were completed by 129 adult men and women. Regression analyses revealed that high histories of fear, high current religiosity and older age were predictive of guilt; high current religiosity predicted conformity to parental wishes; high histories of fear and low current religiosity predicted aversion to religious artifacts; and high histories of rigidity were predictive of family strife. Histories of religious rigidity and fear were differentially associated with disaffiliation from parental religions. Family strife was also associated with similarity of beliefs between subjects and their parents. Subjects over...


Sachets were famous articles which appeared again and again in ancient documents.However,people's understanding of the design of sachets tend to be limited in sacks for holding perfume.According to the documents and unearthed articles in archaeology,ancient sachets were not only made of silk but also made of valuable metal.Laid in trunks and book cases,sachets could prevert bugs.Wearing sachets is not only the love token but also the symbol of wealthy social status of noble young people.According to Buddhism,sachets have the functions of exorcising evil spirits.So far the interpretations of sachet in a variety of dictionaries are not satisfactory.The author tries to expound sachet's design and functions in combination with the documents and cultural relics.


Objective
The objectives of this study were to clarify whether prevertebral soft tissue (PVST) thickening increases the risk of dysphagia, to identify at which vertebral level determining PVST thickness is useful, and to determine cutoff values.

Methods
A total of 80 patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI) treated over a 43-month period at a single regional institution specializing in cervical spinal cord injuries participated in the study. The exclusion criteria were having undergone anterior cervical spine surgery; a history of complicated traumatic brain injury, complicated vertebral artery injury, or brain injury; endotracheal intubation at day 30 after onset; the disappearance of neurological symptoms within 24 hours after onset; and the use of a halo vest. The associations between PVST thicknesses at C1, C2, C3, C6, and C7 measured by CT on the day of onset and the presence of dysphagia (Food Intake LEVEL Scale score <8) at 30 and 60 days after onset of TCSCI were analyzed using ROC curves to calculate the maximum area under the curve and the PVST cutoff values for these vertebrae. Associations between various risk factors, including PVST thickness, and dysphagia at days 30 and 60 after onset were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Independent associations with dysphagia were found with the C3 PVST thickness (day 30: ≥8.3 mm, day 60: ≥9.4 mm) and tracheostomy.

Conclusion
PVST thickness or injury seems to be an independent risk factor for dysphagia. By measuring PVST, it is possible to estimate the severity of dysphagia even in acute conditions.


Technological advances, data security breaches, and unethical auditors pose a significant threat for organizations partnering with public accounting firms. Information acquired during an audit has significant value in the marketplace, i.e., it can be sold. Threats from the auditing process may be the intentional or unintentional misuse of data; however, the end result for the organization's long term viability can be disastrous. Protecting sensitive data, managing an effective audit and minimizing security threats are key components of a successful corporation. We will discuss how companies can effectively manage this process while minimizing risk to the organization's valuable information.


Autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA) models are mathematical models of the persistence, or autocorrelation, in a time series. ARMA models are widely used in hydrology, dendrochronology, and many other fields. There are several possible reasons for fitting ARMA models to data. Modeling can contribute to understanding the physical system by revealing something about the physical process that builds persistence into the series. For example, a simple physical water-balance model consisting of terms for precipitation input, evaporation, infiltration, and groundwater storage can be shown to yield a streamflow series that follows a particular form of ARMA model. ARMA models can also be used to predict behavior of a time series from past values alone. Such a prediction can be used as a baseline to evaluate possible importance of other variables to the system. ARMA models are widely used for prediction of economic and industrial time series. ARMA models can also be used to remove persistence. In dendrochronology, for example, ARMA modeling is applied routinely to generate residual chronologies – time series of ring-width index with no dependence on past values. This operation, called prewhitening, is meant to remove biologically-related persistence from the series so that the residual may be more suitable for studying the influence of climate and other outside environmental factors on tree growth. ARMA models can be described by a series of equations. The equations are somewhat simpler if the time series is first reduced to zero-mean by subtracting the sample mean. Therefore, we will work with the mean-adjusted series , 1 , t t y Y Y t N = − = … (1) where t Y is the original time series, Y is its sample mean, and t y is the mean-adjusted series. One subset of ARMA models are the so-called autoregressive, or AR models. An AR model expresses a time series as a linear function of its past values. The order of the AR model tells how many lagged past values are included. The simplest AR model is the first-order autoregressive, or AR(1), model. The equation for this model is 1 1 t t t y a y e − + = (2) where t y is the mean-adjusted series in year t, 1 t y − is the series in the previous year, t a is the lag-1 autoregressive coefficient, and t e is the noise. The noise also goes by various other names: the error, the random-shock, …


Many commentators argued that a central problem with the government's actions after the attacks of September 11, 2001, was executive unilateralism. For example, in criticizing President George W. Bush's initial effort to establish military commissions to try terrorists, Professors Neal Katyal and Laurence Tribe argued that, "in the absence of an emergency that threatens truly irreparable damage to the nation or its Constitution, that Constitution's text, structure, and logic demand approval by Congress if life, liberty, or property are to be significantly curtailed or abridged." These commentators therefore invited the courts to play a "democracy-forcing" role to prompt greater congressional participation, through, in particular, the application of "clear statement" requirements. In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, the Supreme Court accepted this invitation. In holding that the military commission system that President Bush had established to try terrorist detainees was invalid, the Court relied on what it believed to be restrictions in the Uniform Code of Militaryjustice (U.C.M.J.), a statute that is of course subject to amendment by Congress. Thus, as Justice Stephen Breyer and other Justices noted in a concurrence, "Nothing prevents the President from returning to Congress to seek the authority he believes necessary."


Photoinduced excitation and relaxation of organic molecules (C2H4 and CH2NH + 2 ) are investigated by means of nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics with hopping (NA-QMD-H), developed recently [Fischer, Handt, and Schmidt, paper I of this series, Phys. Rev. A 90, 012525 (2014)]. This method is first applied to molecules assumed to be initially ad hoc excited to an electronic surface. Special attention is drawn to elaborate the role of electron-nuclear correlations, i.e., of quantum effects in the nuclear dynamics. It is found that they are essential for a realistic description of the long-time behavior of the electronic relaxation process, but only of minor importance to portray the short-time scenario of the nuclear dynamics. Migration of a hydrogen atom, however, is identified as a quantum effect in the nuclear motion. Results obtained with explicit inclusion of an fs-laser field are presented as well. It is shown that the laser-induced excitation process generally leads to qualitatively different gross features of the relaxation dynamics, as compared to the field-free case. Nevertheless, the nuclear wave packet contains all subtleties of the cis-trans isomerization mechanism as observed without a laser field.


Increased quantities of wastewater-treatment sludge coupled with more stringent regulations make it important to develop alternatives for residuals management. The use of a mixture of anaerobically digested, lime-stabilized wastewater sludge (LSS) and soil as a cover material was evaluated for its effect on refuse decomposition and leachate quality. Tests were conducted in 4-L reactors filled with shredded refuse and operated to accelerate refuse stabilization. Cover mixtures evaluated in quadruplicate included pure soil, pure lime, and mixtures containing 40% and 70% LSS in soil. Methane production and leachate stabilization were enhanced in reactors containing added lime or LSS. The presence of LSS in the cover did not increase the concentrations of NH 3 -N, PO 4 -P, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, or Zn in the leachate. There was a slight increase in Cu attributable to LSS. The use of LSS, or other lime-containing wastes in landfill cover material has the potential to be beneficial as a source of inexpensive cover...


Two important paradigms which are contradicting by nature namely: the efficient routing information diffusion and adaptability to dynamic network conditions using wireless routing protocols have been researched in recent years. One way of solving this issue is by using the past experiences of a node in network traffic condition through intelligent algorithm to predict the network traffic condition in the future. In this methodology we propose an algorithm which is used to to predict one hop delay per packet during routing process using neural networking. The one hop delay that is predicted is then further used by the participating nodes for information diffusion during routing. Experimental analysis indicate that using tapped delay line radial basis function and tapped delay line multilayer perceptron, it is possible to predict mean delays as a time series. The inputs used for prediction are mean delay time series with traffic loads and mean delay time series itself. The pros and cons of the proposed work are also present in this paper.


A review is presented of B, C and K stress indices used in the ASME Nuclear Power Plant Code for girth butt welds and girth fillet welds. Theoretical stresses are presented to aid in evaluating C-indices. Fatigue test data are presented to aid in evaluating K-indices and CK-products. A limit load theory is presented to aid in evaluating B-indices. As a result of this review, recommendations are made for changes in the ASME Code. A major part of this consists of presenting definitions for girth welded joints and transitions and appropriate stress indices for those joints.


Trade is tlie foundation of modern economic activity. For producing a larger voluiiie and variety of goods, to .increase production and productivity and tliis develop a society built ripon the division of labour, foreign trade is an indispensable tool. If there was no trade there would have been no stimulus to create surplus. Trade alone is responsible for an organisation of production entirely different froiii tliat kind of production wljicli could be developed witliout trade.


In this paper,experimental study on the influence of air temperature,air velocity,initial moisture content and mass flow-rates ratio on the process of vertical-inclined semi-Circular combination impinging stream drying had been performed on an experimental Vertical-Inclined Semi-Circular Combination impinging stream dryer.The test results indicate that the increase of air temperature,air velocity,initial moisture content and mass flow-rates ratio could improve the performance of impinging stream drying of wood chip in the range of the operational parameters of this test rig.


Objective: To investigate the diagnostic efficacies of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in pulmonary nodules,focusing on diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculomas and malignant nodules.Materials and Methods: 163 patients with solitary pulmonary nodules undergoing dual-tracer imaging were certified by histological findings.The patients were collected from a multicenter clinical trial and were divided into the group of pulmonary tuberculoma(n=29),group of other benign nodule(n=48) and group of malignant nodule(n=88).The images were read in a standardized,blind,collective reading.The standardized uptake value(SUV) of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT were compared and analyzed.Results: The SUVs of FDG and FLT in groups of malignant nodule,tuberculoma and other benign nodule were in a decreasing order.Both SUVFDG and SUVFLT showed significant difference in the group of malignant nodule and tuberculoma(P0.001).ROC curve showed that a SUV cutoff of 5.9 on FDG PET/CT and 2.4 on FLT PET/CT provided the best separation of tuberculomas and malignancies.FLT PET/CT had higher diagnostic efficacy than FDG PET/CT(P0.001).The ratio between SUVs of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG improved the diagnostic efficacy in comparison with single tracer imaging.Conclusions: Dual-tracer imaging using 18F-FDG/18F-FLT PET/CT provides a better diagnostic efficacy in these clinically challenging patients with pulmonary lesions.A SUV cutoff of 5.9 on FDG PET/CT and 2.4 on FLT PET/CT provide the best separation of tuberculomas and malignancies.The ratio between SUVs of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG provides great potential benefits in separating tuberculomas and malignancies.


This article investigates the topic of urban migration in the works of Latife Tekin, one of the most original Turkish novelist in the 1980s. I will consider in particular her first novel Sevgili Arsiz Olum (1983; Dear Shameless Death , 2001) focusing on two interrelated notions: language and the city. The main aim is to highlight how Tekin depicts the city, where peasants from Anatolia migrated, as a locus of displacement and alienation from national physical and cultural space. In doing so she uses the phenomenon of internal migration as a key to critically re-interpreter cultural patterns of Turkish unaccomplished modernization and nation-building projects. I will also take into account the notion of language as a central one in Tekin's poetics, leading the writer to develop new forms and strategies to represent both migration and urban space.


STRATIFICATION is one of the methods that have been developed in recent years for increasing the accuracy of information obtained from samples and reducing the cost of obtaining it. The general procedure is quite simple; it consists of dividing what is to be sampled into its most important parts and then taking a sample of the right size from each part. For example, no marketing survey of the customers of a department store would be satisfactory if it were limited to purchasers interviewed at the jewelry counter or to people found in the bargain basement. To be fully representative of all the customers, the sample should include customers of each departmentof the store and, moreover,it should include them in their true proportions. If a fixed percentage of the customers of each department is taken, the sample will be spread in a representative way over all the departments and will tend to include each of the different kinds of customers in its true proportion. For this sample the departments are taken to be the most important "strata" and hence the sampling is stratified by departments. For other samples it might be more advantageous to stratify by income level, family size, type of residence, or some other pertinent characteristic by which the customers could be classified. The basis for the stratification is chosen with reference to the purposes of the sampling and the conditions under which it must be done. Like other methods employed in sampling, stratification can be used most effectively when the manner in which it affects the variability of samples is fully understood. The benefits it provides are not always large enough to compensate for the labor and expense of stratifying; indeed, there may be no benefits at all in some instances. This paper will describe the results to be expected from stratification for various methods of sampling and for different sets of circumstances.


There are several goals for the design of integrated antennas for handportables. One is to obtain high antenna performance due to the limited power available, and this goal can be translated into questions of matching, polarization, and mean effective gain seen in the context of practical ergonomic use of the handset. The second goal which has received increasing attention is absorption in the human head. In the future it can be expected that more than one antenna be included in the handset, since this will improve a critical link by offering diversity. The diversity gain over one antenna depends on the correlation between the antenna ports, their average gains and the environment in which the antennas operate. This environment includes the head of the operator apart from the general multipath environment. In this paper we first discuss the development of a single antenna and later the performance of multiple antennas. The analysis is based on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis of the antennas including the head, as well as measurements of angular information in the environment. (7 pages)


In the title salt, C10H10N+·C7H3N2O6−, in addition to electrostatic interactions, the quinaldinium and 2,4-dinitrobenzoate ions are linked by N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional molecular network. The quinaldinium cations are stacked along the a axis with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.4662 (7) A, indicating π–π interactions.


Elizabeth Foulkes, friends, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen; it is a great honour to be asked to give this 27th S.H. Foulkes lecture. It is an honour previously bestowed on those who were either pioneers of group analysis, or who had long and distinguished careers in the psychotherapy profession. I don't think of myself in either of those categories, so I'm somewhat surprised to be standing here. Indeed I was so amazed to receive the letter of invitation that I had to get someone else to read it for me to make sure I wasn't hallucinating. I have also felt somewhat inadequate in relation to the title I have been given. And I hasten to emphasize that I was given the title, just in case anyone was thinking that in some fit of grandiosity and omnipotence I had dreamed it up for myself. I believe it was Julian Barnes who wrote a book called The History of the World in Ten and a Half Chapters (1989), but this is half the history of the world in under an hour! And it is of course quite impossible! However I've also felt excited about the invitation to address this topic because I think it represents a significant stage in the development of group analysis. Traditionally psychoanalysts and psychotherapists have interpreted and explained history and politics almost entirely in terms of psycho-dynamics. Group analysis has always harboured an alternative to this often crude reductionism. Most notably we have Pat de Maré's work on the Large Group, Earl Hopper's on the Social Unconscious and Farhad Dalal's Post Foulkesian Group Analysis (1998). We also have the Black and


In view of the problems of centralized search engine and based on analyzing the technology of topic map, OAI, mobile agent and P2P, we design and implement a scalable distributed retrieval model based on topic map and mobile agent. The model can effectively improve the utilization rate of resources, increase search depth, overcome server failure and heterogeneity of network, and has a strong capacity for expansion, fault-tolerant and parallel processing.


A flexible medical cannula (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600) comprising: an elongated structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1002) formed of a flexible material, elongated structure having: a body portion (103); a tapered head (110, 604); a distal end (104); and a proximal end (106); and characterized by a flexible tube (114, 210, 310, 410, 510) at least partially covers the elongated structure between elextremo distal and proximal end, where the tapered head is disposed at the distal end; wherein the elongated structure and the hose defining at least one conduit (115, 215, 315, 415a / b) including at least one opening (116) along to allow fluid to exit said conduit; andin the sharp head is configured for insertion into a target site.


A b s t r a c t . It is well known that the convergence of a grammatical inference method is strongly conditioned by the training data set. Structural completeness is a desired property seldom achieved in real data. The question that naturally arises in these types of problems is: how far is the training data to achieve structural completeness and what is the minimal sample size to use when there is n o a p r i o r i knowledge about the structure of the data. In this paper we propose a simple methodology to give some insight into the later problem. It basically consists of a bootstrapping technique supported on grammars inferred from the existing data. An example of the application of this methodology in the context of automatic sleep analysis is used to illustrate the method.


Background: Tattoos are very popular in today's world. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the demographics, the characteristics of tattoos, motivations for getting tattoos, tattooing practices and tattoo regret. Materials and Method: This multi-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted among. 302 patients attending to the dermatology outpatient clinics and having at least one tattoo. A questionnaire form including all needed data about patients, tattoo characteristics and possible reasons for obtaining tattoos was designed and applied to all participants. Results: Of 302 patients, 140 (46,4%) were females and 162 (53,6%) were men. The mean age was28,3 ± 8,1 years (min-max, 16–62) for all study group, 53% of participants (n = 160) had at least one tattoo involving letters or number, 80 participants (26%) stated regret for at least one of their tattoos, and 34 of them (42,5%) had their unwanted tattoo removed or camouflaged with a new tattoo. The most common reason for regret was 'not liking the tattoo anymore'. The most common motivations for having tattoos were 'to feel independent', 'to feel better about himself/herself' and 'to look good'. Women had higher scores than men regarding tattoo motivations of 'to be an individual' and 'to have a beauty mark'. Conclusion: Given the rates, tattoo regret is a significant issue and as motivations differ between genders, age groups and other demographic characteristics; tattoos are not just an ink or drawing on the body, but a tool for individuals to express themselves and to construct self-identity. Tattoos have deep symbolic meanings for emotions, and they may be a clue for behavioural patterns of individuals.


This paper studies the behavior of the error sequence of stop-anti-go variants of two adaptive blind equalizers, namely CMA2-2 and Sato's (1975) algorithm. It is shown that for transmitted signals with constant modulus /spl gamma/, the equalizer output can be made to lie within the circle of radius /spl gamma//spl radic/c infinitely often, for some value of c that is only slightly larger than one.


ABSTRACT:
Otorrhea is a common ENT presentation affecting all the age groups which requires accurate assessment. The etiology of ear discharge is of complex nature, majority being aerobic bacteria, and the rest are anaerobes, fungi and mixed infections. Therefore, the need to determine the cause behind the discharge and to find out the nature and microorganism related to it becomes important. The current study is being conducted to determine the microbial flora in patients presenting with otorrhea and guide towards empirical treatment based on the susceptibility of the safest antimicrobial to the causative organism. The current study is a prospective observational (descriptive) study which involves a preliminary mycobacterial analysis of the ear discharge in a sample of 95 patients presenting with otorrhea. The commonest age group affected in the current study is 20-35 years with males commonly affected. Most common amongst the bacteria are pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.94%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus aureus (14.73%). Mycological profile revealed the predominance of Aspergillus species (9.47%). most common diagnosis was CSOM mucosal (84.21%) followed by CSOM squamous (11.58%). Other less common diagnosis included otomycosis (3.16%) and otitis externa (1.05%).The results of the current study is in concurrence with the other literature available on the microbial flora of otorrhea. However a detailed and in depth prospective study would be more than useful to enrich the knowledge and would enhance the understanding of disease processes which cause acute or chronic otorrhoea, so that appropriate preventive and curative measures can be undertaken.


This edition of The Curriculum Journal explores a number of themes. We return to the issue of the relationship between pedagogy and new modes of information and communication technology (ICT) in reporting some important research in secondary schools carried out by the University of Cambridge, Faculty of Education. This article makes a major contribution to what the authors term the future of 'technologyintegrated curriculum'. ICT and pedagogy are also the focus of Jenny Leach's account of research around the professional development of primary teachers in southern Africa. Her article demonstrates the vital lineage between current research and ideas around curriculum and pedagogy set out more than six years ago. To demonstrate this lineage we have included an extract from the report of the research project that Jenny Leach and others initiated in the late 1990s around the theme of pedagogic knowledge. The articles by Penny Munn and Sue Ellis, and Eileen Carnell, explore different facets of curriculum and reading, while John Bell and colleagues from the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate provide evidence of A level take-up that is highly relevant to the current debate around 14–19 qualifications. Finally Maria Flores makes a contribution, from a Portuguese perspective, on curriculum change and teachers' concepts of professionalism.


electrodes (ISEs), both potentiometric and amperometric, are based on the facilitated transfer of a specified ion, that is, an analyte ion (or ions in amperometric ISEs) across the liquid/liquid or organic solvent or oil (O)/water(W) interface by a specified ionophore that is usually present in the O phase to associate selectively with the specified ion present in the W phase (for review1–3). In previous papers4–6, we showed that heavy metal ions, such as Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ ions, give well-defined voltammetric waves at nitrobenzene/W and 1,2-dichloroethane/W interfaces containing an ionophore, 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexathiacyclooctadecane (HTCO), in the O phase. The voltammetric waves of these ions are generally of reversible nature, and, hence, a trace determination of them based on the stripping voltammetric technique7 appears to be interesting. This note reports the application of an organic-gel (Ogel)/W interface electrode8 to the stripping voltammetry of Hg2+ and Pb2+ ions in the W phase at the ppb level.


The DEM Breakline and Differencing Analysis Tool is the result of a multi-year research effort in the analysis of digital elevation models (DEMs) and the extraction of features associated with breaklines identified on the DEM by numerical analysis. Developed in the ENVI/IDL image processing application, the tool is designed to serve as an aid to research in the investigation of DEMs by taking advantage of local variation in the height. A set of specific workflow exercises is described as applied to a diverse set of four sample DEMs. These workflows instruct the user in applying the tool to extract and analyze features associated with terrain, vegetative canopy, and built structures. Optimal processing parameter choices, subject to user modification, are provided along with sufficient explanation to train the user in elevation model analysis through the creation of customized output overlays.


Interaction which occurs between teachers and students engaged in pedagogical talk in classrooms is typically organized into three-part sequences. These sequences have been given a variety of labels, such as Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) sequences. An important question related to this kind of three-part sequence is whether it is facilitative of or counter-productive for learning. While not providing a definitive answer to this question, this paper investigates the work that is accomplished by the third part of the sequence, the F-component, in a series of such sequences during an episode of pedagogical talk that occurs in an English as a foreign language classroom. This then allows for some consideration of how these F-components, and these IRF sequences, may provide or deny opportunities for learning.


This paper reports on a study in which computer science students interacted in a learning environment for object-oriented (oo) modeling. The learning environment used in this study support aspects such as reflection and authentic use of expert language and tools. The analysis focuses on students' activities, the results of their activities, and on their interaction with each other and with the tools in the learning environment. The analysis indicate taht the students' reasoning is changed when using the learning environment. Students start to focus on different aspects in the modeling process compared to students who do not use the learning environment.


The authors analyzed social causes for the formation and development of greenway sports represented by the Pearl River Delta region,and put forward the following opinions: as a product produced under such a new social conception and new social development mode as "happy Guangdong",greenway sports is the reflection of enhancement of people's living quality and satisfaction of people's living needs;it spreads such governing conceptions of the government as changing the mode of development and sticking to scientific development by basing the starting point on happy life,the entry point on individual needs,the appeal point on personality characteristics,and the respect point ecological value;it carries people's happiness index and life ideal;it is the specific practice of building happy Guangdong,and also a marker pole indicating the development of nationwide fitness in the new period.


This paper sums systemically up the existing research on high temperature coal gas desulfurizer, especially expounds the single metal oxide desulfurizer and the composite metal oxides desulfurizer, and advances some suggestions on the development of high temperature coal gas desulfurizer.


This account of the author's development as a climate activist psychiatrist includes reflection on how psychiatry is contributing to the crisis and how both prescribing less and moving away from the medical model can be helpful responses to the crisis. It calls for psychiatrists to critically review their practise and mobilise for collective action on the climate and ecological crisis.


Along with its popularity and development as a way of life long education,higher education for adults presents new features which had brought new challenges and problems.Based on an analysis of the current situation of higher education for adults,the authors of this article have done a research on how to manage it scientifically.The authors suggest that the Outlook of Scientific Development should be adhered to for a sustainable development of higher education for adults and a good service for the economy development.


A new model is proposed for measuring dynamic parameter in mechanical engineering,which is difficult to measure directly.Using the theory of data fitting based on acquired discrete data,a mathematics relation between the secondary variable and primary variable of the model is established.The experiments of the wallop of hydraulic shock device and the lifting moment of tower crane show that the method is effective,reliable and transplantable.


PREDICTION OF RESIDUAL STRESS AND DISTORTION FROM RESIDUAL STRESS IN HEAT TREATED AND MACHINED ALUMINUM PARTS By Robert Jones Parts machined from relatively large thickness cross sections can experience significant deformations from high residual stresses that develop in the part during the heat treatment used to form the aluminum alloy. Uphill quenching is a process that can create a part with low residual stress and stable dimensions when the process is controlled properly. The uphill quenching process involves a solution heat treat, quench, cool to liquid nitrogen, steam blast, and then age to final temper. In this thesis two parts were modeled using ANSYS. The first part underwent the uphill quench process in the rough machined state. The second part was modeled in the stock material shape and only underwent a solution heat treat, quench, and age to final temper. After the residual stress in the second part was predicted the excess material was removed by killing the associated elements and the deformation of the final machined part was predicted. For both parts analyzed measurements were made and compared against predictions with fairly good results.


Alfalfa plant has rich resources,and it contains a large number of flavonoids.The Flavonoid has biological activity and pharmacological action.This paper summarized research developments of separation,structure identification and biotransformation of alfalfa flavonoids.The development direction of alfalfa flavonoids was discussed in the end.


Established indications for ketamine (an inhibitor of the N -methyl-d-aspartate receptor) include anesthesia for children but not for adults, due to its psychotomimetic and cognition-impairing actions in adults (e.g., Neuroimage Epub 2010 Aug 18). More recently, low-dose ketamine administered to adults with treatment-resistant bipolar depression has showed positive effects within hours, without …


F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, MD, MPH, ends his 1-year term as President of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) this month. As ADA's most visible member and chief spokesperson, Dr. Pi-Sunyer has promoted diabetes awareness, research advances, and available resources through various media outlets, which include television and radio. He has also been instrumental in implementing programs and policies to help ADA better serve its members on a national and affiliate level.


Judicial method plays an important role in the development of law, irrespective of the fact whether a community lives in rural simplicity or modern complexity, or whether it follows case laws to decide cases or codified laws. In this paper the researcher is going to discuss the judicial method of legal precedents and the fundamental issues raised by following this method. To understand what judicial precedence and ratio decidendi are, we must study this area of the legal system, i.e. following case laws and legal precedents.


Smart farming is a combination of technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT) with farming to produce a better product. Supported by the internet, the Internet of Things (IoT) could send data to a device and process command from a device like a mobile app. As experts have predicted that in the future a crisis will show up, where land or area for farming will decrease while the demands of supply will increase, the need to find an alternative in farming shows up. The hydroponic technique is one of the alternatives that could be taken. By combining the hydroponic technique with smart farming, the crisis could be evaded. The proposed idea obtained from this paper is to make an application connected a portable hydroponic device. Which the idea of it could be turned into a possible business in the future.


Most allergic reactions from penicillin occur a few days after its administration, namely, as serum sickness or dermatitis. Such manifestations as asthma, vasomotor rhinitis or urticaria arising within a few hours are much less common. A search of the literature reveals no case reports of anaphylactic1shock from injections of penicillin. In one instance so designated1athere were symptoms of serum sickness. The following fatality from penicillin is reported here because it represents typical anaphylactic shock. The circumstances leading to death conformed in every respect with my knowledge of this syndrome gained from experience with injections of horse serum, pollen and other antigenic substances.2 REPORT OF A CASE Miss L. K., 39 years old, had had severe bronchial asthma since March 1945, which followed grass hay fever of eighteen years' duration and had been persistent since July 1946. Thorough diagnostic studies had been made, including roentgenograms of


There are two main environmental problems in Moldova. Olle problem is a continues overexploitation and degradation of the environment linked to the low incomes of the population, and another problem is a forest dec1inelinked to the effects of air pollution. Thus, there is an urgent need for both the economic growth to improve the low incomes and for the reduction of air pollution to improve health of forest ecosystems. Moldova's small economy is completely dependent on agricultural production. Therefore, the increase in agricultural production to drive economic growth in general is seen to be crucial at least in the near future. It is known thai VOC emissions contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone thai is considered to be the major pollutant of concern to the agricultural crop production, productivity and health of forest ecosystem. That is why the problem of reducing ozone concentrations (due to reductions in VOC emissions) is of high importance to Moldova, country thai relies and depends on agricultural production in its development. Only VOC emission reduction can increase both agricultural crop yields and market values of crops in a very sustainable way. Also, it will help to improve the health of forest ecosystems. That is why this study is concerned with the effect of VOC emission reductions in Moldova (insofar as they effect ozone levels). The main objective is to make an economic assessment of: (i) effects of VOC emission control demanded by the 1991 VOC Protocol on agriculture and forestry; and, (ii) cosi of this VOC abatement. Results have found thai implementation of the VOC Protocol is cost-effective and will serve Moldovan national interests. The benefit from reduced impacts on agriculture can alone offset the cosi of necessary VOC abatement measures. Another important finding is thai despite commonly accepted opinion thai "ozone damage to forest productivity is negligible" the benefit in forestry can be comparable with agricultural Olleand it should be considered and quantified in cost-benefit analysis.


At the time we prepared the editorial "Fearbola" for the December issue of the journal, there had been 15,352 cases of Ebola "officially" reported, with 5790 cumulative deaths (38% mortality) resulting from the West African epidemic. Now as of January 13, there have been a total of 21,408 cases with 8483 deaths (39.6%mortality) reported. These numbers obviously indicate that this epidemic is far from over, although the epidemiologic curves indicate a significant decrease in monthly new cases, especially in Guinea and Liberia but with a lesser positive effect for Sierra Leone. Overall, the belated but massive worldwide response to the situation is having a positive albeit slow effect on controlling and ultimately abating the epidemic.


The influence of water content,cement content and curing age on unconfined compressive strength of loess soil cement pile was analyzed through experimental study on unconfined compressive strength of soil cement test block.Relational expression between unconfined compressive strength of soil cement test block and cement content,as well as curing age was established.The results provide theoretical basis for more economic and rational mixture ratio and parameter for construction which have been successfully used to guide a project and acquired the favorable economic benefit.


This kinetic energy is sometimes called the translational kinetic energy. As a special case, we can imagine a point mass rotating with angular velocity ω about an axis. Let's say the axis is along a line l(t) = p0 + tw through a point p0 in the direction w, and the rotating point mass is rotating in a plane orthogonal to this axis spanned by unit vectors u1 and u2 which are orthogonal to w. In this case, we should have


Canola plant (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil seed crop, which takes the second place among oil crops after soybean which contributes as edible oils over the world. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of five levels of nitrogen fertilizer T1=organic fertilizer, T2= 37.5 Kg N/fed, T3= 75 kg N/fed, T4= 112.5 kg N/fed and T5= 150kg N/fed and six canola genotypes (Serw4, Serw6, Pactol AD201,Tobas, and Silvo) on viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, fatty acid composition, acidity, saponification, peroxide, iodine values ,Unsaponifiable matter(USM), and followed its oxidative stability at 60C for 30 days. The results showed that increased of nitrogen fertilizer rate leading to decrease led to decreases d viscosity, specific gravity, acid, saponification and peroxide values, while increasing unsaponifiable matter. 150 kg N/fed was the optimum nitrogen dose for realizing the lowest acid and peroxide values for Silvo genotype, While this dose caused a negligible differences in iodine value and refractive index. In terms of genotype differences, the acid and peroxide value results revealed that Silvo genotype was the lowest , while Pactol variety was the highest one. All chemical properties improved that Silvo genotype gave the highest stability during storage at 60 C compared to organic fertilizer.


Background: Effects on the developing mammary gland have been repeatedly investigated and reported for bisphenol A (BPA) in experimental animals at doses close to or within human exposure range, an ...


A novel 5-UPS/PRPU 5-DOF parallel machine tool is proposed. The errors model of the parallel mechanism using matrix methods is set up. The influence of legs' tolerance and spherical joints' (Huke joints) clearance on errors of terminal platform is analyzed using Monte-Carlo technique. Finally the examples of the accuracy are given according to the actual PMT. It provids the foundation for the successful design and development of the prototype of PMT.


The study's goal was to investigate the scientific production in Brazil's southeast region during 1987 to 1991 period. To do that, letters were sent to 15 nursing schools that we had the address or through personal contact with someone from the institutions, asking a list of their scientific production during the period above stated. In order to be included in the study, the article had to meet some criteria that were established as import for a quantitative evaluation and classification. After that, qualitative evaluation and classification. After that, qualitative classification was done by the article's tile using nine categories. The total of publications found were 2237 articles from which, 1585 were from nursing schools in the state of Sao Paulo, 222 from hospitals in the city of Sao Paulo, 296 from Federal University of Minas Gerais' School of Nursing and 134 from nursing schools in Rio de Janeiro.


Self-location is a critical component of unmanned ground vehicle operation. While GPS has met this need for many applications, there are others, indoors and outdoors, where GPS is not available or reliable. This paper discusses the investigation of a method to self-locate using an onboard 3D range sensor, when a 3D map of the environment is available. We have examined the performance in terms of what is needed for data coverage and terrain types. Localization is accomplished through surface fitting. Surface fitting is an important component of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for 3D terrains. Three environments were chosen for testing, including a hilly desert scene, an indoor corridor scene, and a forest scene. A simulated 3D range sensor was used to scan models corresponding to these three environments. Various parameters were modified to identify strong and weak points in the scheme.


Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) integrates information and communication technologies with location based technologies into roads, vehicles, traffic and transport management systems. Application of ITS can improve situation in major cities where due to the increasing number of residents and level of motorization traffic congestion represents important issue. Another problem arises from this facts and that is that cities have contradictory needs as grooving need for goods within urban areas as well as need for less vehicles in the same area. The urban logistics activities by private companies within urban areas represent an integral part of city logistics that aims to improve the efficiency of urban freight transportation, reduce traffic congestion, mitigate environmental impacts, reduce costs and fuel consumption. This research presents application of ITS technologies and vehicle routing problem for night delivery scheme planning as one of the core techniques for modeling city logistics.


In this paper, we consider the Stokes equations and we are concerned with the inverse problem of identifying a Robin coefficient on some non accessible part of the boundary from available data on the other part of the boundary. We first study the identifiability of the Robin coefficient and then we establish a stability estimate of logarithm type thanks to a Carleman inequality due to A. L. Bukhgeim [11] and under the assumption that the velocity of a given reference solution stays far from $0$ on a part of the boundary where Robin conditions are prescribed.


A new process for fabricating molded, thin-film microstructures with electrical and mechanical interconnects is presented. A two step molding process is used to create a composite structure of undoped polysilicon, silicon nitride, and doped polysilicon. The doped poly is used to create regions of conductivity within a nonconducting structure. Thus it is possible to create high-aspect-ratio, monolithic electromechanical microstructures which are transferable from a reusable mold. These microstructures are more resistant to thermal changes and misalignment errors compared to microstructures transferred in segments. A suspended electrostatic microactuator was successfully fabricated using this process. High-aspect-ratio structures, 100 /spl mu/m and 75 /spl mu/m tall, were fabricated with 7 /spl mu/m wide capacitive gaps. Experimental verification of the isolation showed an acceptable 10 nA current leakage at /spl plusmn/25 V and 150 nA leakage at /spl plusmn/50 V.


The polygonal wear mechanism of metro train wheels is investigated.An investigation is carried out through a detailed field measurement and a numerical analysis.Based on characteristics of the wheel polygonal wear measured from the sites,a series of measurements on the dynamical characteristics of the track and vehicle components are designed and implemented.The modal results of a wheelset are calculated by using the finite element method,and they approximately tally with the measurement results.The results investigated indicate a passing frequency of the polygonal wear is very close to the first bending modal frequency of the wheelset.The first bending resonance of the wheelset excited by vehicle-track interaction plays a key role in the initiation and development of the polygonal wear.To verify the polygonal wear mechanism that should be attributed to the first bending resonance of the wheelset,an experiment is carried out through increasing the diameter of the wheelset axles in service.The experiment results show that the thicker axle of the wheelset can reduce the polygonal wear of the wheels effectively.


The paper introduces the status of the domestic offshore wind power industry.Combined with the actual situ- ation,the trend of offshore wind turbine installation vessel market is analyzed.


Objective To investigate differences of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values among different lesions, normal-appearing white matter of multiple sclerosis (MS) and white matter of normal volunteers. Methods Thirty-seven volunteers and 46 patients with MS underwent diffusion weighted imaging. The mean ADC was measured for T1 hypointense lesions, T1 isointense lesions, normal-appearing white matter regions and white matter regions of normal volunteers, respectively. Then differences of ADC values among these different regions were determined. Results The mean ADC values were 1.384×10 -3 mm 2/s for T1 hypointense lesions, 0.977×10 -3 mm 2/s for T1 isointense lesions, 0.762×10 -3 mm 2/s for normal-appearing white matter of MS, and 0.744×10 -3 mm 2/s for white matter of normal volunteers, respectively. Significant differences in ADC were observed among all groups ( P 0.01 for all comparisons). Conclusion Diffusion weighted imaging is able to identify different MS lesions and to detect diffuse abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter of MS patients.


This paper proposes a new method for the advanced angle estimation of block-commutation controlled IPMSM with DC-bus current measurement. The block commutation drive for IPMSMs would be an attractive method to achieve both high efficiency and high power density drives. In this paper, the equivalent SPMSM mathematical model of IPMSMs including the principle of the reluctance torque development is employed to directly apply the block-commutation control to IPMSMs. In addition, this paper proposes the advanced-angle adjustment with three times measurements of DC-bus current, which makes it possible to utilize two torques of IPMSM effectively, that means to realize the maximum torque per RMS value of the phase current. Finally, some simulation shows the feasibility of the proposed method.


In the first of these 2 volumes a good historical argument is developed by Gaulin and Konner for man's physiological adaptation to different dietary regimes. The use and wastage of natural resources and the efficiency of different forms of food production or gathering are related to diet and leisure. This treatise on primate diets is authorative and interesting but might have been of even greater value if less attention had been paid to the problems of animals and early man and more to those of the developed and underdeveloped areas at the present time. Methods of measuring cerebral metabolic rates are reviewed by Sokoloff and his colleagues. The lowest rates are usually associated with coma and the highest with convulsions; the influence of drugs, disease and hormones in modifying consciousness and cerebral oxygen consumption is considered. It is interesting in view of the later clinical descriptions of malnourished children that, when the quality but not the level of consciousness is altered, there is little if any change in the cerebral metabolic rate. The dependence of the brain on the integrity of other organs and the changes which follow alterations in their function are well documented. Alterations due to starvation and conditions under which the brain can utilize ketones and other substrates are explained. Age and cerebral transport are discussed in relation to the site and function of the blood-brain, bloodcerebral spinal fluid, and cerebral spinal fluid-brain barriers, together with their carrier mediated transport systems. Blood flow, transport of nutrients into the brain and the modifications brought about by local and systemic factors are also reviewed by Pardridge. The 8 transport systems which have been identified within the blood-brain barrier are described in great detail. The cerebral uptake of nutrients is discussed in relation to the concentrations in blood and the affinity, capacity of and competition for, the respective transport systems. Other modifications are brought about by altered dietary supplies; transport regulating systems of the intestine; efficiency of the liver, kidney and endocrine glands; as well as a possible neuroregulating system.


The aim of the current study was to examine how females survive natural disaster in non-western culture and to gain understanding of their unique experiences in rebuilding their lives. In September 1999, a major earthquake, named '921 Earthquake,' measuring 7.3 on the Richter Scale occurred in Taiwan. Many people survived, struggling a great deal in their efforts to reconstruct their lives. Five years after this earthquake, many survivors, including women, were reported to have rebuilt self-sufficient lives. Given the vulnerability of women and their greater difficulties in resuming their lives, an important question was how these women were able to be successful in this endeavor. Utilizing a grounded theory approach, 16 female 921 Earthquake survivors who had been helped by social workers, no longer received government aid and had successfully regained their selfsufficiency, voluntarily participated in this study. The study findings revealed that the coping strategies guided by female gender norms in the family, embedded in Taiwanese culture, including: children's needs are the first priority as a maternal role norm; men working outside and women working inside; and female gender norms of supporting the family when husbands could not, were the major resources participants accessed and utilized to successfully cope with the difficulties after the 921 Earthquake. The participants' narratives demonstrated that cultural norms can serve as coping resources for survivors. Implications for social work practice are addressed.


The pH /temperature dually responsive microgels of interpenetrating polymer network( IPN) structure composed of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)( PNIPAM) network and poly( acrylic acid)( PAA) network( PNIPAM /PAA IPN microgels) were synthesized by seed emulsion polymerization. The results obtained by dynamic laser light scattering( DLLS) show that the microgels have good pH /temperature dual sensitivities. The temperature sensitive component and the pH sensitive component inside the microgels have little interference with each other. The rheological properties of the concentrated PNIPAM /PAA IPN microgel dispersions as a function of temperature at pH 4. 0 or 7. 0 were investigated by viscometer,and the results displayed that only at pH 7. 0 the dispersions presented thermoreversible thickening behavior. Then the PNIPAM /PAA fibers were prepared by self-assembly of the PNIPAM /PAA IPN microgels in the ice-crystal templates formed by unidirectional liquid nitrogen freezing method. Field emission scanning electron microscopy( FESEM) images indicate that the PNIPAM /PAA fibers are rounded,randomly orientated and interweaved.


We report results of a scanning tunneling microscopy investigation on the reconstruction of GaP(001) surfaces. We have observed a 4×2 structure, accompanied locally with c(8×2) domains, at a surface prepared by using ion sputtering and annealing method. On the contrary, both 2×4 [with local c(2×8)] and 4×2 [with local c(8×2)] structures are obtained by hydrogenation followed by annealing. The former consists of a unit structure of three P dimers plus one dimer vacancy, whereas the latter is a parallel arrangement of zig–zag‐chained structures along the [110] direction. It has been shown that the surface hydrogenation before annealing induces new types of reconstruction.


∗Abstract: The low-power lossy network routing protocol (RPL) based on IPv6 forms a tree-like topology structure, which will lead to unbalanced load of the entire net-work and insufficient network stability when there are many child nodes. To solve the above problems, a load balancing RPL routing protocol based on nonuniform clustering is proposed. Each candidate node first competes for cluster heads according to the node priority level, and then performs cluster head rotation according to the node's remaining energy threshold. The entire network finally forms a non-uniform cluster topology. The simulation results show that the protocol balances the data traffic of the aggregation nodes by the cluster head node, so that the entire network load is more balanced.


An appliance for facial skin applications has a drive assembly with an oscillating drive shaft. A motion converter comprises a base member which is removably attachable to the oscillating drive member and an infuser member which includes a soft tip with a concave surface adapted to hold a skin formulation for infusing into the skin of the user. A spring assembly connects the base member to the infusion member, and is arranged to convert the oscillating action of the drive shaft and the base member to an action having a significant axial component, toward and away from the skin, to produce an infusing action on the skin.


Mold filling process in horizontal centrifugal casting was analyzed in this paper. The effects of rotation speed on flow pattern were studied. Results show that the flow pattern changes greatly with increasing rotation speed and the first thread interval shows significant differences within each group. It is found that inappropriate rotation speed results in liquid drop during filling process, leading to casting defects.


5G new radio (NR) provides new opportunities for accurate positioning from a single reference station: large bandwidth combined with multiple antennas, at both the base station and user sides, allows for unparalleled angle and delay resolution. Nevertheless, positioning quality is affected by multipath and clock biases. We study, in terms of performance bounds and algorithms, the ability to localize a vehicle in the presence of multipath and unknown user clock bias. We find that when a sufficient number of paths is present, a vehicle can still be localized thanks to redundancy in the geometric constraints. Moreover, the 5G NR signals enable a vehicle to build up a map of the environment.


This study proposes a new grinding system using grinding fluid containing oxygenic fine bubbles (O2FBs) to realize high-performance electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) using a conductive rubber bond grinding wheel. It was found that grinding fluid containing O2FBs dramatically increases the dissolved oxygen in the grinding fluid. In addition, the O2FBs in the fluid are drawn to the conductive rubber bond grinding wheel, which is the positive pole, during ELID. These effects are thought to enhance the dressing performance of the conductive rubber bond grinding wheel. Grinding of pure titanium using the proposed grinding system was found to realize mirror surface finishing while increasing the amount of removed workpiece material, compared to when ELID was not applied and to when ELID grinding was conducted using a normal grinding fluid. Effects of ELID grinding on surface modification were also observed, confirming that the proposed grinding system is able to form a thick oxidized film on pure titanium.


The influence of pore regularity in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Co/SiO2 catalysts was investigated by using two series of silica with comparable pore sizes: mesoporous silica (SBA-15) and amorphous silica. It was found that cobalt dispersion was largely influenced by the support porous structure. The cobalt particles on mesoporous silica showed much more homogeneous size distribution and the increase of cobalt loadings did not result in a noticeable increase of Co3O4 particle size on SBA-15, while most of those on amorphous silica agglomerated into clusters. As a result, SBA-15 supported Co catalysts showed higher cobalt-time yield and C5? selectivity in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, particularly higher C12-18 fraction. However, the average particle size of Co3O4 supported on amorphous silica increased with the cobalt loadings, which led to lower cobalt-time yield and higher CH4 selectivity.


The mathematical model of heat transfer in the roller-hearth heating furnace for CSP in Baotou Iron and Steel Company was studied.Based on the balance of radiation heat transfer equation,the mathematical model was built by coupling with radiative heat transfer equation,which is solved by discrete ordinates method and conduction heat transfer equation of slab and furnace liner.After discretion of model using control volume method,the software for simulating the thermal process of furnace was developed. The temperature distributions,such as gas temperature and slab temperature,along the furnace length were obtained by using the software.The maximum difference between the slab temperature at furnace exit,which is obtain by the software and the measured one is less than 10%.The result obtained is very useful in the field of design and production.


In the second paper in this series [3], an analysis was given of the bending behavior of fabrics, considering the fabric to be made up of yarns which consisted of a series of plates, each plate representing several fibers. When bending such a series of flat plates, points on contiguous plates move relatively to each other during bending and, if there is any pressure between the plates, frictional work will be done. To clarify why it is necessary to refine this model, it is as well to give an abbreviated form of the analysis. In this analysis the, following will be assumed: (i) along each &dquo;plate&dquo; of fibers there is a uniform per-unit-length pressure v; (ii) the number of plates in a yarn cross section is large; (iii) each plate can be considered to be long and thin, so that shear effects during bending can be neglected; (iv) the forces acting on each and every plate are the same. Figure 1 shows the forces acting on a typical plate when a couple M is exerted on all the plates. If there


As readers of this journal will know, those individuals who come to the attention of the criminal justice system come in many guises. For various purposes, within both practice and research, distin...


Nitrates have an insignificant toxicity. They are considered virtual toxic substance because they convert into nitrogen, which have a toxic potential well known. Milk contaminated with nitrates must be severely restricted. Objectives of our research took into account the wholesomeness of milk to determine nitrates and nitrites. Sixty samples of raw milk (15 samples per season) were taken into consideration, to see the level of nitrites and nitrates from processed milk for consumption. To study the remanence of nitrates and nitrites in the finished product 60 samples of cheese were also analyzed. Following the conducted research, no evidence has exceeded the maximum permissible limit for nitrates and nitrites which is max. 10 mg/ liter milk. For samples of cheese were not found values above 10 ppm that is the maximum permissible limit for nitrates and nitrites in cheese. Nitrates are concentrated in cheese 1.3 times. The content of nitrites in the cheese falls by 1.9 times, from 0.03367 mg/ l in milk to 0.01728 mg/ kg in cheese.


High-speed transmission systems f i r local-area and wide-area network are currently being investigated. All-optical implementations of these high-speed systems require nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) [1) or semiconductor waveguide [2] demultiplexers. Future systems, exhibiting flexible conversion of signals from high-rate soliton systems to long-haul WDM systems will require alhptical pulse width and wavelength conversion in addition to all-optical demultiplexing. In this paper, we investigate the performance of NOLM's as pulse width and wavelength converters. A NOLM can be configured as a pulse width and wavelength converter by utilizing pulse walk-through of the control and signal pulses in the device. Besides jitter tolerance j31, pulse walk-through allows the narrow control pulse to walk through the wider signal pulse, imposing a nonlinear phase shift across the entire signal pulse. Thus a narrow pulse at one wavelength may be used to switch-out a wider pulse at another wavelength. We investigate experimentally and theoretically, the range of pulse widths and wavelengths that can be used in the NOLM converter. Also, we present 10 Gb/s bitetror-rate @ER) measurements of the performance of the all-optical pulsewidth and wavelength converter.


This experiment was designed to explore the effect of genistein on slaughter performance and lipids metabolism in ducks.300 one-day-old cherry valley ducks were randomly divided into 3 groups.Control group was fed a basal diet and two treatment groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 3 and 6 mg/kg genistein,respectively.After 7 weeks,ducks(10 male,10 female) were killed to test slaughtering index and detect serum lipid level in blood.Compared with control group,the addition of genistein had no effect on the slaughter performance and blood biochemical indices of female duck.Abdominal fat rate,serum total cholesterol concentrations and LDL levels of male duck were decreased significantly adding 3 and 6 mg/kg genistein in basal diet.The muscle ratio and serum leptin levels were significant increased with the addition of 6 mg/kg genistein in diet.Results showed that genistein could impact serum biochemical index and endocrine hormones levels,in turn,affect performance in male ducks.This experiment also indicated there were some significantly difference between different gender.


The paper has summarized the content of novelty searching in agricultural science and technology, recommended database and retrieval system, and discussed problems existed in retrieval tactics and novelty judgment of novelty searching in agricultural science and technology.


Aim: The Achilles tendon is a biggest and strongest tendon in the body although it is very likely to be injured due to the amount of compression and tension on it. The study aimed to analyze the effect of BMI and body fat on the Achilles tendon.
Methods: The study recruited 25 individuals who were divided equally into three groups (very lean, normal and obese) and focused on three factors to measure (length, thickness and strain ratio).
Results: Strain ratio was found to be an indicator of the stiffness of the tendon. The strain ratio was varying between the ranges from 0.09 to 1.13. People with high BMI were noticed to have less strain ratios, in the opposite side lean people were having the highest strain ratios and normal people were having normal strain ratios.


Abstract Due to the negative impacts of poor environmental sanitation (ES) on the environment, economy, public health, and livelihoods, various efforts are constantly being made in countries all over the world, particularly by their governments, to regulate public behaviour to conform to acceptable sanitation standards. However, public compliance with sanitation regulations is low in Ghana, culminating in the lowering of the country's international image in recent years as far as sanitation is concerned. The study examined the phenomenon of low public compliance with ES regulations in Ghana. Qualitative data were collected from purposively selected experts and key informants in ES management, using in-depth interviews. Data were analysed using the thematic technique. The findings revealed that the low compliance phenomenon was due to ineffective law enforcement, inadequate public education and sanitation infrastructure, low capacity of implementing institutions, lenient penalties, and poor sanitation culture. Compliance management seemed linear in theory, as it appeared the government could simply compel everyone to comply; but in practice, it was a complex problem that required a multi-dimensional solution. The government and its implementing agencies should commit to strict law enforcement, provide adequate ES facilities, undertake intensive public education on sanitation, provide adequate funding, and build the capacity of the implementing institutions to enforce compliance. There was the need to strategically combine coercive and catalytic approaches to ensure compliance with the regulations. The study contributes to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 — access to water, sanitation, and hygiene — in Ghana.


Today, social media are frequently associated with the propagation of defamation, which is believed to impact society negatively. Most of this fake news originates via Whatsapp, Twitter, and Telegram applications, indicating that this social media facility that facilitates the transmission of fake news continues to exist.This study aims to explore and understand the style of news writing in preventing fake news on digital media platform devoted to news literacy from the perspective of a media practitioner. The debate will focus mostly about fake news and the appropriate journalistic methodology for reporting on digital news sites. Identifying the factors that influence the evolution of the style of journalism on digital media is a further crucial endeavour. The objectives of the study were achieved through the use of semi-structured qualitative interviews. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten media professionals until the data set was saturated. According to the findings of the study, data journalism is the news writings styles that can aid in the prevention of "fake news" in digital media. In addition, research demonstrates that data journalism is characterised by data capture, graphics, and visualisation. This study seeks to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by demonstrating how the expansion of journalistic style on online news websites has made new journalistic practises relevant.


Students need to have good mathematical communication skills when studying set material. The use of HOTS-based learning can be applied in learning activities so that students have good mathematical communication skills. This study aims to determine and describe mathematical communication skills after the learning process using HOTS-based learning in class VII set material is carried out. This study uses a descriptive type of research. The subjects of this study were students of class VII-3 SMP IT Al-Fatah Mekar Jaya, totaling 27 students. Data collection techniques are observation, a written test consisting of 3 test questions, and interviews. The data analysis technique is data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results obtained from this study are students' mathematical communication skills after the learning process using HOTS learning on the set material for class VII-3 SMP IT Al-Fatah Mekar Jaya is in the medium category, with the average percentage is 39.19%. The indicator that appears the most is "explaining ideas, situations, and mathematical relations, orally and in writing with real objects, pictures, graphs, and algebra and indicators stating everyday events in mathematical language or symbols", while the indicators that appear the least is "connecting real objects, pictures, and diagrams into mathematical ideas". The use of HOTS-based learning can make students have good mathematical communication skills.


Abstract Quantitative analysis of chromium in standard low alloy steel samples by excimer laser ablated plasma atomic emission spectrometry was obtained. A calibration curve was developed which related the chromium concentration in a solid steel matrix to the intensity ratio of Cr(I) 520.84 nm to Fe(I) 516.75 nm. The chromium concentration determined ranged from 0.062 to 1.31 %. A detection limit of 20 μg/g (approximately 0.002 %) was estimated.


An experimental study was conducted on the structure of a propane jet diffusion flame discharged normal to a free stream of air with uniform velocity profile. Attention was paid to the effect of the ambient gas motion on the structure of the flame. The temperature and velocity profiles in the flame were measured using a fine thermocouple and forward-scattering laser Doppler velocimeter, respectively. A gas chromatograph was provided to measure the concentration profile of the major species in the flame. A photographic observation was also made to determine the flame configuration. The results showed that the increase in the cross-flow velocity caused a kidney shape of the contours of constant axial component velocity, temperature and concentration in the transverse cross section normal to the jet axis of the flame.


By the research of the author of the article it is determined that at identical agrotechnical techniques and care of the queen cells of two types (vertical and horizontal) the most productive is queen cell of the horizontal runaways.


This review summarises the existing knowledge regarding the effects of resistance training in patients suffering from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). Also, the literature concerning the effects of exercise on both the MS animal model and the immune system in MS patiente are reviewed. It is concluded that resistance training is a safe and beneficial exercise modality in moderately impaired MS patients, potentially improving muscle strength, muscle mass, functional capacity, fatigue, mood and quality of life. Exercise may influence the disease progression in MS patients, but further studies are needed.


This study aims to determine the effect of Economic Growth and Population on Open Unemployment Rate in East Java Province in 2011-2015. Data Analysis Tool used in this study was Panel Data Regression . The findings showed: 1) Economic Growth had a significant negative effect on Open Unemployment Rate, which is if Economic Growth rises by 1%, the Open Unemployment Rate decreases by -0.282, 2) Population positively and significantly influence the Open Unemployment Rate, which is indicated that every increase of 1% of the population, the Open Unemployment Rate would also rise by 0.001. The Coefficient of Determinant (R2) was 0.967435 or 96.7453%. This shows the ability of independent variable s, ( Economic Growth (X1) and Total Population (X2) in explaining dependent variable ( Open Unemployment Rate (Y) ) equal to 0.967435 or 96.7453% while the rest 3.2565% explained by other variable outside the mode l. Keywords: open unemployment rate , economic growth, population number


Natural dyes are coloring compounds present in different plant parts like fruits, leaf, bark, roots and stem. Commercially these biodegradable dyes were used for coloring textiles, drugs, cosmetics, leather and paintings. The use of natural dyes as an alternative to chemically synthesized dyes has great importance. The present study investigates extracting plant dyes from the fruit of Melastoma malabathricum and tested for its effect on staining with stem sections of dicot, monocot and pteridophyte. The effectiveness of natural mordants in the process of dyeing was also investigated using fruit extract of three plants Garcinia cambojia, Citrus aurantifolia and Averrhoa carambola. Very thin transverse sections were kept in the dye extract for 2-5 minutes and then passed through mordant solution. Excellent differential staining was noticed on sclerenchyma, collenchyma and xylem tissues of stem sections, but the cortex, medulla and pith region occupied by parenchyma were stained less effectively. More intensity in colour appearance on sclerenchyma tissues with mordant of Citrus aurantifolia was noticed. Slight variations in colour intensity on tissues treated with mordants Garcinia cambojia and Averrhoa carambola have also been observed. Application of plant dyes as source of dyes for staining plant micro technique was however, very limited and any serious attempts on characterization of plant dyes would help in commercialization and promotion of some of the promising indigenous plants as alternative crops for farmers, thereby enhancing their economy.


OBJECTIVE To investigate into the regulating effect of modified Qingying Decoction on the blood lipid and body fluid immunity of patients with vascular occlusive angiitis.METHOD Forty vascular occlusive angiitis patients were divided randomly into a treatment group of 20 patients and a control group of another 20 patients,and were treated with Qingying Decoction and Tongsaimai Tablet respectively.Changes in blood lipid,serum immune globulin and addiment were observed a month later.RESULT Modified Qingying Decoction could reduce the content of total cholesterol,triglyceride and IgG and increase the content of serum addiments C3 and C4.CONCLUSION Modified Qingying Decoction has regulating effect on the blood lipid and body fluid immunity of patients with vascular occlusive angiitis.


This paper uncovers a new stylized fact: Debt maturity structure is non-monotonic in income. Countries with low and high levels of income tend to issue (proportionally) more short term debt than middle income economies. The existing literature on debt maturity does not offer an explanation for this new observation. I develop a model that predicts this behavior. In this model governments issue long term debt to reduce their exposure to income shocks that affect future financing costs. In equilibrium risk averse bondholders charge a premium to hold this debt. First, I show that the premium increases with long term debt levels. Then I show that the increase is faster for low income economies. A country issuing long term debt above the optimal level may drain its resources on too expensive debt, increasing the probability of a financial crisis in case a bad shock occurs. Governments of high income countries face financial crises with low probability and thus prefer the cheaper short term debt. Governments of middle income and poor economies, who are more likely to have financial crises, choose longer maturities to cover against this risk. Poor economies are unable to issue high levels of long term debt because they face expensive premiums.


We demonstrate, by means of first-principles calculations, that in the field-induced magnetic state of [alpha]-cerium and [alpha]-uranium the spin and orbital moments are coupled parallel rather than antiparallel as expected from Hund's third rule. This behavior gives a magnetic form factor for [alpha]-uranium in very good agreement with experiment. The calculated form factor of [alpha]-cerium, when assuming that the [ital f] electron is itinerant, is very different from the localized Ce[sup 3+] form factor, and we propose that a measurement of the magnetic form factor of [alpha]-Ce can indicate whether the [ital f] state is localized or itinerant. The field-induced magnetism of plutonium is shown to be almost exclusively of orbital character and the induced spin density of plutonium is highly anomalous.