The literature on the history, definition, etiology, and assessment of social skills in mentally retarded adults was reviewed and the lack of adequate assessment measures was noted. Given the importance of social skills for mentally retarded individuals, especially in the area of community adjustment (e.g., residential and vocational placements), a behavioral checklist to assess these skills was developed. The Measure of Observable Social Skills (MOSS) was derived from reviewing social skills assessment and treatment literature, questionnaires, rating scales, and checklists. Two forms, each containing 47 different items, were developed and completed by caregivers of 212 mild to mentally retarded adults. Psychometric data, including test-retest reliability, split-half reliability, interrater reliability, item-total correlations, coefficient alphas, and percent agreement, were obtained to assess the overall reliability of the scale. Internal consistency and test-reteBt reliability for both forms were high, while interrater reliability was moderate. In addition, a factor analysis resulted in the emergence of two factors (i.e., basic interpersonal skills, friendliness) and sociometric ratings were adequately correlated with MOSS total scores. Implications for future research on social skills in mentally retarded persons are discussed.


Since the start of the use of the electronic voting system, it has gone through numerous updates and upgrades. These upgrades and updates include changes from paper-ballot to a paperless, manual to technology, mechanical to electronic, offline to online, polling based stations to remote places and so on. In this paper, we briefly investigate the above issues of the electronic voting system as well as the development of its revolution and legalization, guidelines and recommendations, vulnerabilities and hacking, security and protection, and the alike in course of time.


The object of the study is public relations arising from the interaction of international intergovernmental organizations, government agencies, transnational corporations and non-state actors in the framework of ensuring human access to health technologies in the context of unilateral restrictive measures and sanctions. The subject of the study is international legal norms, documents of international organizations, as well as acts of domestic law that form guarantees of ensuring the human right to the highest attainable level of health and access to healthcare technologies. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the practical significance of the application of international legal and domestic mechanisms aimed at minimizing the humanitarian consequences of sanctions and unilateral restrictive measures and expanding access to vital health technologies. The methodology of the study is based on the general scientific method of cognition, including the formal logical and situational method and private law methods, such as comparative, historical and formal legal methods. The article presents an analysis of the importance of health technologies in achieving international goals in the field of development and human health protection, as well as priorities in the implementation of national health strategies. The theoretical aspects of access to healthcare technologies in the context of unilateral restrictive measures are consistently considered as an important element of ensuring international guarantees of human rights protection. The authors present the differences in the normative content of the concepts of "sanctions" and "unilateral restrictive measures" in accordance with international law, as well as a legal assessment of the legitimacy of their application. The article systematizes the consequences of the application of unilateral restrictive measures on the availability of healthcare technologies in various regions of the world, as well as the practice of applying the norms of international and domestic law to overcome them.


Access control can effectively protect users' data and privacy in social networks. Different access control models address different data privacy requirements, and the corresponding implementation technologies and performance are also quite different. The existing access control mechanisms of social networks rarely take into account the individual preferences of users, and cannot provide personalized services for users. Therefore, we have studied an analysis mechanism of user preference to quantify user preferences, and then use user preference values and some key information of users' social resources as decision vectors, and proposed an access control mechanism based on user preference (ACMBUP). ACMBUP turns the problem of access decision‐making into a problem of classification, that is, whether to allow access or not to allow access. At the same time, we add an encryption and decryption mechanism in ACMBUP to prevent data leakage and protect data when users interact with access mechanisms. Experiments show that this mechanism can automatically generate appropriate access control policies to meet the potential privacy needs of different users, so as to better protect the privacy of social networks data.


In the past, role of the children in purchase decision making of various household products, including their own products was almost negligible. They were using the products which their parents were mostly buying for them. They were just the passive participants of the .finnily buying decision making. Children were the passive receivers of the commands given by the other house hold members. Today, with the proliferation of the media and increased awareness among the children, they are emerging as the most powerfid influencers in the household buying decisions. Gone are the days, when the child had a meager say in the household buying decisions even related to them. But now, the things have changed positively for them. Their likes and dislikes are duly taken care of and they are being thought as mC/jor participants in household buying decisions. Children are involved in purchase of various products; some directly related to them while others are consumed by members of the family. Parents also seek their advice while buying various household products. The present study assesses the comparative role of three age groups of children in Punjab and Chandigarh, India. Children involvement in purchase of various selected products {lnd services was taken into consideration. Children view points about the parent's suggestions while buying various selected products and services was also taken into consideration. The results indicate that as the age of the child increases, purchase involvement of various products and services "Iso increases. Moreover consultation for various products and services by the parents also increases as the age of the child increases. This shows the involvement of children in various


Passive Subjective Novation is a replacement of the old debtor with a new debtor, and the creditor agrees that the old debtor is freed from the obligation to pay the debt. In Indonesia, Novation is regulated in the provisions of Article 1381 of the Civil Code, but in reality there is no single legal regulation that clearly explains Novation, especially Passive Subjective Novation. This legal vacuum regarding Passive Subjective Novation then causes legal uncertainty and creates problems because there are no clear references in terms of understanding, implementing regulations, and standard operating procedures (SOPs). The problems in this study are related to the existence of Passive Subjective Novation in credit agreements with mortgage rights in the legal system of agreements and guarantees, the meaning of Passive Subjective Novation in credit agreements by using mortgage guarantees on land, and the legal position of new debtors with Passive Subjective Novation so that can provide legal certainty. This research is normative juridical research using an analytical approach and a conceptual approach as well as grammatical interpretation analysis techniques, systematic interpretations and teleological interpretations to analyze primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the existence of a novation credit agreement, especially a passive subjective novation if carried out will involve the parties who were originally involved in the previous credit agreement. The novation is carried out explicitly by using a concrete authentic deed to confirm the position of this novation in the credit agreement. Switching the debtor when the credit agreement is still halfway through, can cause problems for the bank, and the most important and first problem that arises is who will continue the credit agreement because it is impossible for the credit agreement to be released just like that.


Summary Rosenbaum (1996) and Hedayat and Stufken (1999) considered the construction of compound orthogonal arrays for the two-level factors which are useful in the study of dispersion experiments, pioneered by Taguchi (1986). This paper provides a general method of constructing such arrays and their applications to obtain several asymmetric compound orthogonal arrays for mixed level dispersion experiments. Such arrays are also found to be universally optimal even if the model includes some more parameters.


Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) as a strategic and highly valuable medicinal plant in Iran with numerous beneficial pharmaceutical properties contributes substantially to Iranian herbs exports. In the present study, a variation on the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of 25 populations of valuable and profitable medicinal plant of G. glabra was investigated. The climate variables and soil properties were evaluated in various habitates of G. glabra. Total phenol (Folin–Ciocalteu method), total flavonoid (Aluminum Chloride method), anthocyanin (pH difference method) and antioxidant activity (DPPH method) were studied. Glycyrrhizic acid, glabridin, liquiritigenin and liquiritin content of root were evaluated by liquid chromatography. The content of major components in G. glabra varied in different regions. Outstanding quantitative variability of glycyrrhizic acid, glabridin, liquiritin and liquiritigenin content were observed in roots of licorice from different regions of Iran. Glycyrrhizic acid content was varied from 93.89 (mg/g dry weight) for the Sepidan population to 20.68 (mg/g dry weight) for the Ahar population. The maximum and minimum amounts of glabridin were recorded in Kashmar and Bajgah populations, respectively. The highest levels of liquritin and liquiritigenin were in the population of Kazerun and Yasuj, respectively, and the lowest was observed in Kashmar. Also, the highest antioxidant activity (the lowest IC50) for licorice root was associated with Semirom population. In conclusion, The populations with high amount of each active ingredient in licorice root and those with considerable antioxidant activity can be exploited depending on the purpose of breeding and cultivation.


Taking up correspondence between Edwards's closest associates, Samuel Hopkins and Joseph Bellamy, we begin our investigation of the concept of mentoring in Edwards's ministry. This chapter highlights the challenges involved in writing on the mentoring of an historical figure, for example the difficulty of exploring a ministry, which is often private and without documentation, as well as the method adopted to capture the pastoral and theological insights that animate Edwards's practice. Feminist historians have provided a lead in this kind of method. The content of the book is outlined as a case study in cultural engagement, and the potential readership among academics and pastor-theologians is acknowledged.


Objective.—The purpose of this study was to describe the overall prevalence of migraines within National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I men's and women's basketball players. In addition, the prevalence of migraines was determined across gender and ethnic groups for the same sample.


This Literature Review presents the theoretical background to autonomous navigation, in particular computer controlled cars, outlining the work done in the fields applicable to the project, the algorithms and hardware available and how suited each are to the tasks involved in implementing a computer controlled car. Other research projects based in the same field are also investigated , their strengths and weaknesses analysed and relationships to this project are outlined.


South Africa, as an emerging country, has a conducive economic environment for tourism businesses. Thus, some provincial departments such as Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (LEDET) has set objectives to make Limpopo province a preferred ecotourism destination. These objectives have been propagated by service providers who passively participate in ecotourism yet claim to be ecotourism service providers. Moreover, the attitude of passiveness by service providers is derived from insufficient knowledge of the ecotourist. Subsequently, this set the foundation for this current study, which sought to provide demographic descriptors of ecotourists in the Capricorn District Municipality (CDM). The researchers reviewed theoretical and empirical literature conducted by tourism scholars. The study was developed on a descriptive research design and employed a quantitative approach. It is envisaged that findings of the study will be of value to ecotourism service providers as they will provide a sound understanding of ecotourists and thereby help to deliver satisfactory ecotourist experiences. This will ultimately provide valuable input in LEDET's planning towards promoting the Limpopo province as a preferred ecotourism destination in South Africa. Key Terms: Capricorn District Municipality, Demographics, Ecotourism, Ecotourist, Responsible Tourism


The main goal of this paper is to set a foundation for homotopy theory of algebraic stacks under model category theory and to show how it can be applied in various contexts. It not only generalizes the étale homotopy theory to algebraic stacks but also provides more suitable framework for the homotopy theory in a broader context. Also, a new result that the profinite completion of pro-simplicial sets admits a right adjoint is provided and integrated with the foundational work to generalize Artin–Mazur's comparison theorem from schemes to algebraic stacks in a formal way.


Objective: Find out the pattern of anatomical variations in the number and location of coronary ostia in Pakistani population. Patients and Methods: It was a descriptive type of study and was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, in collaboration with various medical colleges of Rawalpindi and Peshawar, Combined Military Hospital and Military Hospital Rawalpindi during 2011.The study was conducted on thirty heart specimens obtained from routine autopsies and dissection cadavers. Results: In 29 out of 30 hearts, there was single ostium in each aortic sinus for each coronary artery but in one of them, an accessory ostium was present as well in right coronary ostium (RCO) which gave origin to right conus artery. RCO was situated at the level of sinutubular junction (STJ) in 8 (27%) cases; above STJ in 3 (10%) cases and below STJ in 19 (63%) cases. Left coronary ostium (LCO) was located at STJ in 8 (26.7%) cases; above in 1 (3.3%) cases and below in 21 (70%) cases. Conclusion: The coronary ostial location at or below STJ is present in majority of cases, however the frequency of the number of coronary ostia and their locations vary among different populations as reported in this study on Pakistani population .


by Lisa Marie Tripp, M.S. Washington State University December 2009 Chair: Robert Patterson One remarkable phenomenon reported in the literature on motion perception is called the motion aftereffect (MAE), which refers to the illusion of motion in a given direction following adaptation to real motion in the opposite direction. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the induction of the MAE using an optic flow motion stimulus, which was created from simulated self-movement through a real-world perspective scene. Specifically, the effect of adaptation using the central versus peripheral visual field on the duration of the optic flow MAE was investigated. In doing so, the areas of the central versus peripheral adapting stimulus were equated by scaling for cortical magnification. Results showed that the duration of the MAE was shorter when the adapting optic flow motion was presented in the peripheral visual field than when it was presented centrally. These results were interpreted as reflecting a more transient response in the automatic gain control mechanisms in the motion pathways projecting from the peripheral retina.


Swiss albino female mice were randomly divided into four equal groups comprising 6 animals in each. Group 1 was administered vehicle, corn oil and served as control. Group 2 mice received fipronil @ 10 mg/kg body weight; mice in the group 3 were administered with combination of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, each @ 100 mg/kg body weight. Mice of group 4 were treated with α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, each @ 100 mg/kg body weight, 2 hours before administration of fipronil @ 10 mg/kg body weight. Dosage were administered orally daily by gavage for consecutive 28 days. Mice were sacrificed at the end of 28 days to study gross and histopathological alterations. Grossly, liver of mice treated with fipronil was fragile with change of consistency and showed scattered pale foci. In histopathology, liver of mice treated with fipronil showed severe degenerative changes in heptocytes with presence of large number of necrotic foci, infiltration of mononuclear cells and congestion. In kidney, severe degenerative changes along with necrosis of tubular lining cells and congestion were evident in the fipronil treated mice. Severe emphysema and rupture of alveoli along with congestion was observed in the lung of mice treated with fipronil. Testis also showed depopulation of germs cells and thickening in basal layer of seminiferous tubules in fipronil treated mice. Co-administration of combination of these two vitamins against fipronil restored gross and histological changes in these organs. This study indicated that, subacute exposure of fipronil @ 10 mg/kg bw results in heaptotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Combined administration of antioxidant vitmains exerted protective action and ameliorated histological architecture of major organs.


The presentation describes problem of flooding in Bangladesh: Bangladesh belongs the countries that are affected by flooding the most. The work presents natural hazards happening in Bangladesh, frequent natural disasters causing loss of life, damage to infrastructure and economic assets, impacts on lives and livelihoods. Floods, tropical cyclones, storm surges and droughts are likely to become more frequent and severe in the coming years. Bangladesh lies in the delta of three of the largest rivers in the world – the Brahmaputra, the Ganges and the Meghna and is notable for frequent floods. Social factors are compared. Hence, during the flood hazard the following population groups are at risk: 1) the poor, 2) poor-healthy, 3) women. These groups will suffer much more disproportionately than the group of well-being and healthy men, more so in the coastal and rural areas than elsewhere. The presentation is supported by illustrations, maps and graphs. Presented at the University of Southampton, 2009.


The phototransformation of Oryzalin was studied under UV light (λ max ≥ 290 nm) and sunlight (λ max ≥ 250 nm) in aqueous isopropanol and acetonitrile solution in absence and presence of TiO 2 as sensitizer. The rate of photodegradation of Oryzalin in different solvent system followed first-order kinetics, and calculated half-lives were found to be in the range of 23.52-53.75 h for UV light and 41.23-61.43 h for sunlight. From this study, total 12 photoproducts were identified and characterized on the basis of column chromatography and Q-Tof micromass spectral data. The plausible mechanism of phototransformation involved was hydrolysis, breaking of sulfonic bond, and loss of amino and sulfonic acid group. The Hexane:Benzene (1:9; v/v) afforded a yellow solid and identified as 2,6-dinitroaniline on the basis of TLC and mass fragmentation data. A dark brown solid obtained from the Benzene:Ethyl Acetate (3:2, v/v) was found to be a mixture of several compounds on TLC. On the basis of Q-Tof micromass analysis data of the solid, the identified compounds were 2-ethyl-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; 7-amino-2-ethyl-1-propyl-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; 3,5-diamino-4-(dipropylamino)-1-benzenesulfonic acid; 3,4-dinitro-4-(propylamino)-1-benzenesulfonamide; 2-ethyl-7-nitro-1-propyl-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; and 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitro-1-benzenesulfinic acid. The Benzene:Ethyl Acetate (3 : 2, v/v) extract yielded dark yellow gummy solid that was found to be a mixture of several compound on TLC and the compounds were identified as 2-ethyl-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; 3,5-dinitro-4-(propylamino)-1-bezenesulfonamide; and 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitro-1-benzenesulfinic Elution with Hexane:Benzene (7:3; v/v) afforded a dark yellow extract and identified as N 1 ,N 1 -dipropylamino-2,6-dinitroaniline on the basis of Co-TLC and mass fragmentation data. The Benzene:Ethyl Acetate (7:3; v/v) extract yielded brownish gummy residue, showed some overlapping spots on TLC and the compounds were identified as 4-amino-3,5-dinitro-1-benzenesulfonamide; 2-ethyl-7-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; 3,5-dinitro-4-(propylamino)-1-benzenesulfonamide; 2-ethyl-7-nitro-1-propyl-1H-benzo[ d ]imidazole-5-sulfonamide; and 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitro-1-benzenesulfinic acid on the basis of Q-Tof micromass analysis data. A yellow crystal obtained from Benzene:Ethyl acetate (1:1; v/v) was characterized as 3,5-diamino-4-(dipropylamino)-1-benzenesulfonamide on the basis of Co-TLC and mass fragmentation data.


In the early 1970s, Jako coupled the Carbondioxide laser to the operating microscope and, thus, introduced this device into laryngology. Vaporization of laryngeal papillomas was one of the earliest indications. Though holding much promise this technique failed to be a solution for laryngeal papillomatosis. Similarly, the therapeutic benefits of the technique in the treatment of laryngeal and tracheal stenosis were over estimated, and in the treatment of the carcinoma of the larynx, oral cavity, and pharynx, the capability of the laser was for a long time underrated. Though Strong and Jako as early as in 1972 resected small vocal cord carcinoma restricted to the middle third of the vocal cord, laser surgery remained limited to small tumors of this kind.


The utility model discloses an instantaneous heating type water dispenser with a tea making device. The instantaneous heating type water dispenser comprises a base, a water pump, a control circuit board, a water outlet faucet and a flowing water heating component. The water outlet faucet is fixedly arranged above the upper surface of the base, the water pump, the control circuit board and the flowing water heating component are arranged inside a cavity inside the base, an outlet of the flowing water heating component is communicated with the water outlet faucet, an outlet of the water pump is communicated with an inlet of the flowing water heating component, and the control circuit board is electrically connected with the water pump and the flowing water heating component. A support is arranged below a water outlet of the water outlet faucet, the movable tea making device is arranged inside the support, the upper end of the tea making device is opened, the bottom portion of the tea making device is sealed, small holes used for water flowing are formed in the bottom portion of the tea making device, an inner cover, above the small holes, of the tea making device is provided with a filter screen used for filtering tea leaves, and the upper end of the tea making device faces right at the water outlet of the water outlet faucet. The instantaneous heating type water dispenser has the advantages that due to the fact that the instantaneous heating type water dispenser is provided with the tea making device and comprises a boiling water providing part and the tea making device part, boiling water used for making tea can be provided quickly, the complex work of making tea can be realized quickly, time is saved, energy resources are saved, and the whole tea making process is simplified; moreover, tea which is made is delicious in taste, the situation that the taste of the tea changes due to over tea making is avoided, and the problem that human health is affected is avoided accordingly; due to the fact that the filter screen is arranged inside the tea making device to filer the tea leaves, the tea becomes cleaner and water and tea leaf mixing is avoided.


Embodiments of the present invention relates to a method, apparatus and system for providing an enhanced media services apparatus for providing enhanced media services in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, broadcast / media receiving media are displayed on the terminal image retrieval of receiving a captured image generated by taking the content reproduction screen from a user device, and, based on the signature information database, and the captured image construction group to the scene recognition, identifying the subject of the subject media content part; And based on the identification information of the destination media content, the previously stored portion of the content information selecting at least one additional content information used in the enhancement of the target media content, and the selected secondary content information and the signature information of the target media content It includes additional content providing unit for transmitting to the user equipment. According to embodiments of the present invention, without modification of the media content, it may provide enhanced media services.


Fossil fuels (i.e., petroleum, natural gas and coal), which meet most of the world's energy demand today, are being depleted rapidly and will be exhausted in decades or several hundred years. Also, their combustion products are causing global problems, such as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and pollution, which are posing great danger for our environment, and eventually, for the total life on our planet. It is the controlled thermonuclear fusion hydrogen energy system that would overcome all these problems and be the permanent solution of the world's energy supply lasting for billions of years.


Objective To explore the dose-response relationship of the serum silicon level and SP-D in silica exposed rats.Methods Rats were randomly divided into 28 groups according to different SiO2 doses(10,30,50 and 70 mg/ml) and different exposure periods(1,3,5,7,14,21 and 28 days).The serum silicon levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and ELISA for SP-D.Lung tissues were stained by hematoxylin and eosin,and observed under microscope.Results The serum silicon levels gradually increased as the exposed dosages increased and as the exposure period prolonged in comparison with those of the control group.The serum levels of SP-D started to increase as the exposed silica dosages increased and afterward showing a lowering trend.Conclusions Serum silicon levels in exposed rats distinctively increase at the early stage when the exposure dosages are low,and it happens earlier than the changes of SP-D.Both levels vary with the exposure dosages and exposure periods.Results suggest that changes of serum silicon contents and expression of surface-active protein-D in silica exposed rats might be taken as the biomarker of early diagnosis of silicosis showing certain value and significance.


In this study, (CuO/ZnO:Al) heterostructure thin films were grown on SnO2:F‐coated glass substrate by using the spin coating method. To investigate the effects of thickness on (CuO/ZnO:Al) heterostructure, ZnO:Al films were deposited in different thicknesses. The structural, optical, surface, and electrical properties of these heterostructure were examined in detail. The structural and optical properties of obtained heterostructure were examined by X‐ray diffraction and UV–VIS spectrophotometer, respectively. The surface properties were analyzed by using atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope. The electrical properties of these heterostructure were determined by current–voltage (I–V) characteristics at room temperature in dark. The electrical parameters (i.e., ideality factor and barrier height) were calculated by termoionic emission theory by using I–V measurement data. The change for thickness of n‐type AZO layer in the (CuO/ZnO:Al/SnO2:F) heterostructure caused significant changes in its physical properties.


There are substantiates the relevance and practical importance of ballast water's decontamination from pollution, aimed at preventing cross-border pollution of marine biological ecosystems, There are considered structure, methods and techniques, that used for create national management system ballast water of marine vessels of mixed navigation (river – sea).


f ik-b hm @ uwa./ tT lthank participants at the 2001 Iowa Conference of Political Scientists held at Cornell College and at a faculty research workshop at The University of Iowa for comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper. Suggestions from Gary King and Gary Segura are also gratefully acknowledged. Rick Witmer would like to thank Northern Arizona University for an Intramural Grant that helped fund his participation in the project.


Introduction: Short-stem hip prostheses present variable proximal femoral bone radiological findings. The aims of this study were to analyse, in our patients with implanted collum femoris-preserving (CFP) stems, cancellous bone remodelling, cortical distal hypertrophy and pedestal formation, and the relationship between those radiological changes that suggest distal fixation with the size of the stem. Methods: From October 2001 to December 2012 a total of 199 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties in 180 patients were performed at our department using the CFP stem and followed up for a minimum of 5 years until December 2017. Results: Stress shielding was present in 74% of oversized stems cases, but in normal or undersized stems, stress shielding was present in 8.5%. Cortical hyperthrophy was observed in 49% of the oversized stems and in 6% of the normal or undersized ones. Finally, non-statistically significant differences (p = 0.089) in pedestal formation were found, present in 16.3% of the oversized stems and in 6% of normal or undersized ones. Conclusions: Oversized stems cause more stress shielding and distal cortical hypertrophy in the distal part of the stem, which indicates distal fixation in bigger sizes of stem.


Biographic sketch of the French petroleum geologist V. Hourcq, who specialized in the geology of equatorial Africa and the Sahara.


Recent studies of acoustic cues to body‐size in nonhuman primate and human vocalizations have produced results varying from very strong relationships between formant frequencies and length/weight in rhesus monkeys to weak correlations between formants and stature in humans. The current work attempted to address these discrepancies by compiling a database of naturally occurring speech with a large number of vocalizers of maximally varying size. To that end, fundamental frequency (F0) and formant frequencies were measured in both running speech and filled pauses (i.e., ''ah'' and ''um'') produced by male athletes during televised same‐day interviews. Multiple‐regression analysis of data from 100 male athletes showed that these acoustic measures accounted for at most 17% of variance in height over a 37‐cm range. Analyses of filled speech pauses produced by a subset of 48 athletes could account for up to 36%. These outcomes fall within the range of previously reported outcomes, indicating that while speech ac...


Based on the 61 meteorological stations' data of daily maximum temperature and minimum temperature in Shanxi province and using percentile values defineition method,Mann-Kendall mutationg test and wavelet analysis method,the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme temperature events were studied for the recent 50 years in Shanxi Province. The results showed that annual extreme high temperature frequency have been increasing since 1961 and its trend was 6.1 d/10 a,while there was a decreasing trend in extreme low temperature frequency.Meantime, there were obvious spatial variations in both annual extreme high and low temperature frequency. For the recent 50 years,the abruptions were found in all stations in both annual extreme high and low temperature frequency and their trends were more significant since 1990s. In addition, fluctuation changes were found with a 5~6 years and 4~8 years period in annual extreme high temperature and 4~5 years period in low temperature.


TECTONICS OF THE CAMBRIAN SEQUENCE IN THE HOLY CROSS MOUNTAINS

Summary
The 100 years history of the Cambrian System in the Holy Cross Mountains is a good example of changes not only in stratigraphy but in the tectonic too. The tectonic of the Cambrian deposits in the northen part of the Holy Cross Mountains is better documented (J. Czarnocki 1950, W. Mizerski 1979, 1991) than the southern one. The Cambrian deposits from both parts of Holy Cross Mountains are different in age and in the scale of tectonic deformations. Cambrian rocks in the northern part are incorporated into Variscian tectonic unit (Fig. 1), which was established by orogeny during the Carboniferous. Cambrian rocks are now visible inside the block structures with tectonic deformations resulted from disharmonic folding. It is possible to recognize some stages during the Variscian orogeny and variable tectonic mesostructures are joined with these stages. The Cambrian deposits in the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains are incorporated into the Early Caledonian tectonic unit (Fig. 2). These rocks were deformed tectonically during the Sandomirian, Early Caledonian and Variscian orogenies. The intensity of the mentioned tectonic activities is different in time and space on this area. The last stage of tectonic activity on this area is the Laramic phase of the Alpine orogeny (at the boundary of the Cretaceous-Tertiary) and the effects of this phase are visible in the Cambrian rocks of the south-western part of studied area. This centenary is a good opportunity to present directions of the tectonic researches in the future.


Three solution processable n-type semiconducting perylene bisimides (PBI) with an unsymmetrical substitution pattern are evaluated in terms of their charge transport properties, morphology, and crystal structure. The nature of the substituents is varied from hydrophobic alkyl chains to hydrophilic oligoethyleneglycol (OEG) chains to control intermolecular interactions and to tune self-assembly properties of the compounds. A correlation of structure and morphology with charge transport properties is attempted. Bulk X-ray diffraction (XRD) data are indicative for a lamello-columnar packing motif in the case of PBI 1 and PBI 3 and a columnar hexagonal packing for PBI 2. Further, OEG chains induce liquid crystalline phases while the alkyl substituted compound is crystalline. In the amorphous state after film formation all three materials have a low electron mobility in the range of 10–5 cm2 V–1 s–1. After annealing in the ordered state the mobility of the liquid crystalline compounds increases by 2 orders of ...


This study focused on the effects of arsenic (As) on fibroblast-derived matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -14 levels, as these proteins were reported to be associated with tumor progression. Arsenic was found to promote production of the fibroblast-derived active form of MMP-2. Further, As at 100 or 1000 μM increased MMP-14 expression levels in fibroblasts. In addition, 1000 μM mercury (Hg) but not As increased pro-MMP-2 protein, which is involved in the conversion of the proenzyme into its active form. Since MMP-14 is an activator of pro-MMP-2, data suggest that As promotes production of fibroblast-derived active form of MMP-2 through increased expression of MMP-14. Evidence indicates that As appeared to be less effective than Hg in the conversion of pro-MMP-2 into its active form.


The appearance of new high-tech microbiological research methods has significantly changed the understanding of the human microbiome. The purpose of the meeting of the Council of Experts "Dysbiosis. The immediate and long-term consequences of microbiome disorders and options for their correction with probiotics" was the definition of modern positions about possible methods of studying the intestinal microbiome, the possibilities of correcting dysbiosis, the use of Saccharomyces Boulardii CNCM I-745 to correct microbiome disorders in various clinical situations. The microbiota of the large intestine is represented by more than 1000 species of 7 different phyla of the Bacteriae domain, up to 160 numerically prevailing species are detected in one individual. The criteria of the microbiological "norm" for the intestinal microbiome have not been definitively established. To study the microbiome, a set of methods is used that combine cultural and molecular genetic methods that complement each other. Currently, none of the methods is widely available in clinical practice. To study the functional state of the intestinal microbiota, the most accessible is breath testing. Currently, there are no clinical markers of dysbiosis, and laboratory markers of dysbiosis require modification. There is an insignificant spectrum of diseases with such markers: acute intestinal infections, antibiotic-associated C. difficile-diarrhea, IBD, IBS. Probiotics can provide restoration of the intestinal microbiota. The effectiveness and safety of the use of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 for this purpose has been proven. In the case of acute intestinal infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and the consequences of HP infection eradication, studies have a high level of evidence, and the use of Sb CNCM I-745 for treating IBS and IBD in children is promising.


We show that if $\mathcal{L}_1$ and $\mathcal{L}_2$ are linear transformations from $\mathbb{Z}^d$ to $\mathbb{Z}^d$ satisfying certain mild conditions, then, for any finite subset $A$ of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $$|\mathcal{L}_1 A+\mathcal{L}_2 A|\geq \left(|\det(\mathcal{L}_1)|^{1/d}+|\det(\mathcal{L}_2)|^{1/d}\right)^d|A|- o(|A|).$$ This result corrects and confirms the two-summand case of a conjecture of Bukh and is best possible up to the lower-order term for many choices of $\mathcal{L}_1$ and $\mathcal{L}_2$. As an application, we prove a lower bound for $|A + \lambda \cdot A|$ when $A$ is a finite set of real numbers and $\lambda$ is an algebraic number. In particular, when $\lambda$ is of the form $(p/q)^{1/d}$ for some $p, q, d \in \mathbb{N}$, each taken as small as possible for such a representation, we show that $$|A + \lambda \cdot A| \geq (p^{1/d} + q^{1/d})^d |A| - o(|A|).$$ This is again best possible up to the lower-order term and extends a recent result of Krachun and Petrov which treated the case $\lambda = \sqrt{2}$.


For a long time, suggestopedia is seldom dealt with in English teaching and study. From the theory of suggestopetia, this paper tries to discuss its principles and how to use it in teaching English.


One approach to the control of schistosomiasis recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is for endemic countries to integrate schistosomiasis control measures into their primary health care (PHC) services. Assessment of their capacity to accommodate such control measures is of utmost importance. This study had as objectives to assess the capacity of the PHC system in the Tiko Health District to diagnose schistosomiasis and to evaluate health care workers' perspectives of potential challenges to schistosomiasis control in the district. A total of 13 primary healthcare facilities were randomly selected and their laboratory records on schistosomiasis diagnosis were evaluated for quality (availability, documentation of key aspects and presentation), diagnostic methods used and parameters recorded (egg counts, haematuria). At each institution, more than 60% of health personnel participated in a survey in which a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 170 healthcare workers working at various stations (laboratory, pharmacy, nurses, out-patient section) were interviewed. Out of the 13 health institutions, only 8(61.5%) had any data on diagnosis of the disease and used the sedimentation technique for diagnosis. One institution used the Syringe Filtration Technique (7.7%) in the diagnosis of S. haematobium and recorded the presence or absence of haematuria. No institution recorded key parameters like egg count for any patient. Five (38.5%) of the institutions, found mainly in the suburbs, had no laboratory services. Most of the healthcare workers (46.5%) were of the opinion that lack of knowledge of the disease is a major setback in the implementation of control. With respect to the different professions, it was observed that amongst the medical doctors (83.3%) and nurses (58.2%) this opinion was more popular. Pharmacy technicians (67.7%) and community directed distributors (52.2%) cited the poor sanitary conditions of homesteads as the greatest challenge in the implementation of any form of control. The primary healthcare system of the Tiko Health District lacks the capacity to accommodate control measures; all the hospital laboratories fall short of WHO recommendations for diagnosis of the disease. The control of schistosomiasis in this health district is likely to be hampered by several factors ranging from poor sanitation, poor knowledge of the diseases, lack of commitment of stakeholders and poor diagnostic techniques and reporting methods.


Purpose
Meta-model method has been widely used in structural reliability optimization design. The main limitation of this method is that it is difficult to quantify the error caused by the meta-model approximation, which leads to the inaccuracy of the optimization results of the reliability evaluation. Taking the local high efficiency of the proxy model, this paper aims to propose a local effective constrained response surface method (LEC-RSM) based on a meta-model.

Design/methodology/approach
The operating mechanisms of LEC-RSM is to calculate the index of the local relative importance based on numerical theory and capture the most effective area in the entire design space, as well as selecting important analysis domains for sample changes. To improve the efficiency of the algorithm, the constrained efficient set algorithm (ESA) is introduced, in which the sample point validity is identified based on the reliability information obtained in the previous cycle and then the boundary sampling points that violate the constraint conditions are ignored or eliminated.

Findings
The computational power of the proposed method is demonstrated by solving two mathematical problems and the actual engineering optimization problem of a car collision. LEC-RSM makes it easier to achieve the optimal performance, less feature evaluation and fewer algorithm iterations.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a new RSM technology based on proxy model to complete the reliability design. The originality of this paper is to increase the sampling points by identifying the local importance of the analysis domain and introduce the constrained ESA to improve the efficiency of the algorithm.


BACKGROUND
Whereas the normal cornea is devoid of blood and lymphatic vessels,both can invade the cornea secondary to a variety of corneal diseases and after surgery. This not only reduces visual acuity, but also renders such a cornea high-risk, if subsequent corneal transplantation is performed.

METHODS
A PUBMED-based literature search was carried out.

RESULTS
Current knowledge on pathogenesis, clinical implications and treatment modalities for corneal neovascularization is discussed.

CONCLUSIONS
Novel anti-angiogenic and antilymphangiogenic therapeutic strategies should reduce blindness associated with corneal neovascularization and subsequent graft rejection.


Eraqi, M. I., Kasem, A. M., Hassan, S. B., and Ragab, A. M. (2011). Towards a Comprehensive Human Resources Module for Tourism Satellite Accounts in Egypt, Tourism Review, Vol. 66, No. 4 (Forthcoming). Abstract : Eraqi, M.I. (2011)'Co-creation and the new marketing mix as an innovative approach for enhancing tourism industry competitiveness in Egypt', International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Vol. 8, No. 1. Abstract : Eraqi, M.I. (2010) Strategic Marketing as a Managerial Approach for Enhancing Competitiveness of Tourism Business Sector in Egypt, International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Vol. 7, No.4. Abstract : Eraqi, M. I. (2010). Social Responsibility in Tourism Business as an Innovative Approach for Enhancing Competitiveness of Tourism Business Sector in Egypt, Tourism Analysis, An Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1. Abstract : Eraqi, M.I. (2010) 'Rural tourism quality: Fayoum as a rural tourist destination in Egypt', Int. J. Tourism Anthropology, Vol. 1, No. 1.


Abstract : Transforming growth factor-Beta (TGF-Beta) is a ubiquitous cytokine with dual roles in tumor suppression and promotion, and these dichotomous functions have frustrated the development of therapies targeting oncogenic signaling by TGF-Beta. In comparison, Abl kinase is well established as a driver of tumorigenesis in hematopoietic cancers; however, a clear role for Abl in regulating solid tumor development remains elusive. Here we investigated the role of Abl in TGF-Beta-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in normal and metastatic mammary epithelial cells (MECs). In doing so, we discovered Abl as being a critical regulator of MEC morphology and showed that Abl inactivation was sufficient to induce phenotypic and transcriptional EMT in normal MECs. Increasing Abl activity in metastatic MECs resulted in complete morphological reversion, restored cytostatic TGF-Beta signaling, and blocked TGF-Beta-induced matrix metalloproteinase secretion. Expressing constitutively-active Abl in TGF-Beta-responsive metastatic MECs blocked tumorigenisis in vivo. Accordingly, we found Imatinib therapy to provide no clinical benefit in the treatment of breast cancer in mice. This investigation identifies Abl as a potent regulator of MEC identity, and as a suppressor of oncogenic TGF-Beta signaling during breast cancer tumorigenesis. Importantly, our findings strongly caution against the use of pharmacological Abl inhibitors in developing and progressing mammary tumors.


In this paper, we introduce a novel robot programming paradigm. It focuses on reducing the required expertise in robotics to a level that allows shop floor workers to use robots in their application domain without the need of extensive training. Our approach is user-centric and can interpret underspecified robot tasks, enabling communication on an abstract level. Such high-level task descriptions make the system amenable for users that are experts in a particular domain, but have limited knowledge about robotics and are thus not able to specify low-level details and instructions. Semantic models for all involved entities, i.e., processes, workpieces, and workcells, enable automatic reasoning about underspecified tasks and missing pieces of information. We showcase and evaluate this methodology on two industrial use cases from the domains of assembly and woodworking, comparing it to state-of-the-art solutions provided by robot manufacturers.


The purpose of this paper is to answer the ten most asked questions about plunger lift. • Do I Have Enough Pressure? • Do I Have Enough Gas Volume? • Will It Run Under A Packer? • Is My Sales Line Pressure Too High? • What Is My Operating And Maintenance Cost? • How Long Will It Be Effective? • Will It Work With Gas Lift? • Will It Work In Paraffin? • How Much Improvement Can Be Expected? • Will I Eventually Need A Pumping Unit? From these ten questions we can identify the areas of interest as Identifying a Candidate, Operating Cost and Economics and will answer the questions in those areas.


This atricle summarizing transgene crops and research situation of gene floating and gene pollution.It also discussd some probleme which come from transgene crop gene floation and gene pollution and put forward some constructive countermeasures and proposal


The objective of this paper is to assess the structure underlying the attitude statements relating to shopping behaviour of Asian women consumers. It is tempting to undertake an analysis that would address factors that explain women purchase intentions. Data were collected from 1500 respondents, in particular married women. By using explanatory factor analysis, we found 5 factors related to women shopping behaviour namely loyalty program, brand loyalty, introduction to new products, price and product quality.


Landslides are ubiquitous geomorphic features in the loose/weakly cemented soils formed from the coastal plains sands in different parts of southeastern Nigeria due to widespread gully erosion resulting from infrequent occurrence of high intensity and prolonged rainstorms during the peak of wet season (June-September). In this area, landslides occur mostly as earth movement, mud flow, and debris flows on slopes previously weakened by flood water. GIS (Geographic Information System) was employed as a system with advanced geo-modeling capabilities combined with field observation which were used in this study to map potential areas of landslides in Uyo town, Akwa Ibom State in southeastern Nigeria. The study generated a landslide zonation map highlighting areas of different degrees of susceptibility elevation in meters. Slope surface in degrees was also generated and reclassified into three slope classes (uniform, gentle and steep) using the same reclassification algorithm. The result indicates that 89,583 m representing 10.59% of the total catchment of 845,918 m is highly susceptible to landslides.


PurposeInnovation is today considered a competitive differential for improving the performance of companies, and technology parks are seen as environments with favorable conditions for such innovation. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for analyzing favorable conditions for innovation in technology parks, the innovations produced and organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachTo this end, the authors conducted bibliographic research and in-depth interviews with managers of companies based at the Tecnopuc Science and Technology Park, and managers of the park itself, to establish practical support for previous theoretical findings.FindingsAs a result, a framework was developed to link the favorable conditions for innovation, and organizational performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis model proposed here synthesizes the contributions made by several scholars on the theme, allowing for a more detailed and integrated interpretation of the phenomenon, namely, the ways through which the effective development of innovation takes place in companies residing in technology parks and the contribution of innovation to the specific performance of companies.Practical implicationsThe use of the proposed framework can help direct park managers' action towards those relationships or activities that prove to be ineffective in achieving desired goals.Originality/valueThe use of the proposed model in empirical surveys will allow for better understanding of the phenomenon involving the features of technology parks and their effects on innovation and the performance of companies installed there, considering that such parks allow them to access resources with lower transaction costs.


We documented occurrences of the Midland Smooth Softshell (Apalone mutica) in Illinois by sampling 22 reaches on 14 rivers with potentially suitable habitat (i.e., within the species' presumed range and with stream orders ≥6). During 2007 through 2017, we accrued 796 trap-nights of effort with baited hoop nets. Nine species were represented in 4,974 captures of turtles. Captures of Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) were most common (n = 3,911), followed by Spiny Softshell (A. spinifera; n = 731) and Smooth Softshell (n = 124). Captures of A. mutica documented its presence in 9 of 11 rivers with historical records and 1 of 3 without (the Spoon River). Another study documented presence of A. mutica in the Big Muddy River, for a total of 11 rivers with recent records. Occurrences suggest the Smooth Softshell's distribution in Illinois is the same as or substantially similar to historical times. Using stream order to target sampling efforts was a good strategy, but might be improved with refinements. Our findings and those of other recent studies can inform decisions about the legal status of A. mutica in Illinois by addressing official thresholds for endangered, threatened, and secure.


American Entomologist • Fall 2006 In the Book of Exodus, a plague of locusts covered the land of Egypt as one of 10 miraculous signs from God to warn and dishearten Pharaoh. Swarming locusts of biblical scale are still a source of great fear across the world; northern Africa is experiencing one of its worst outbreaks of the desert locust in the past 50 years. Close to home, on a remote island off the west coast of México, one can presently fi nd a great swarm of locusts. Nature has performed an intriguing colonization experiment on Socorro Island, where we witnessed some amazing aspects of locust biology. This is a story of our journey, a closer look at the locust island. Socorro Island—Méxican Galápagos Socorro Island is the largest of four islands of the Islas Revillagigedo, located about 480 km southwest of Baja California, México (Fig. 1). This group of Pacifi c islands is oceanic and volcanic in origin and is probably early Pleistocene in age (Brattstrom 1990). The island chain consists of Roca Partida, San Benedicto, Clarion, and Socorro, in increasing size. Socorro Island was discovered in 1608 by the Spanish captain, Martin Yañez de Armida, who came in search of gold, following the tales of the Toltecas Indians (Hanna 1926). After an unsuccessful search, the captain realized that there was no such treasure and abandoned the journey, but he gave the island a name to honor his wife, Socorro (which also means "help" in Spanish). The fi rst scientifi c expedition to the island was organized and sponsored by the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1925 (Hanna 1926). A group of scientists consisting of a botanist, an entomologist, a herpetologist, an ornithologist, a mammalogist, and two paleontologists explored the island group for about 20 d, documenting their biodiversity. Since 1925, there have been numerous expeditions by various groups (Richards and Brattstrom 1959, Palacios-Vargas et al. 1982). Notably, ornithologists have visited Socorro Island most frequently, in an effort to reintroduce the endemic Socorro dove, which became extinct in the wild sometime between 1958 and 1978 (Jehr and Parkes 1982). The island is also visited by whale researchers because it is a known breeding site for humpback whales. In 1957, the Méxican government established a naval station on the southeastern portion of the island (Brattstrom 1990). Currently, Socorro Island is permanently occupied only by military personnel. The Islas Revillagigedo are home to numerous This is a story about one of the most fascinating insects in one of the most unlikely places. A small island in the Pacific Ocean, which has been dubbed the Méxican Galápagos, is where the action is. Welcome to Socorro Island, where the swarming locusts reign.


We have studied the laser-induced high-speed remagnetization and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effects in tunnel magnetic junctions (TMJ). Using magneto-optical investigations, all-optical pump and probe technique, we have studied mechanisms of the laser-induced remagnetization and shown feasibility of the high-speed laser-controlled remagnetization and resistance switching in the TMJ. It is shown that the laser-induced remagnetization is caused by the internal effective magnetic fields of the inverse magneto-optical Faraday effect and the effective magnetic field of s–d-exchange interaction between the laser-induced spin-polarized current and a lattice magnetization together with a laser-induced thermal demagnetization.


The diagnosis of Bourneville Tuberous Sclerosisthe " forme fruste"- was established for a sixteen years old teen-ager, due to some typical cutaneous lesions, of angiofibromas type, wich appeared at puberty, lesions suggestive for the diagnosis. The imagery investigations confirmed the existence of the brain hamartomas and of the angiomyolipomas of the kidneys, supporting the diagnosis of Bourneville disease.


The administration of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with geriatric syndromes such as senile asthenia syndrome, falls and high risk of falls, dementia, polymorbidity, polypharmacy are discussed in the article. The evidence base for the anticoagulants taking in patients with atrial fibrillation aged ≥75, ≥80, ≥85 and ≥90 years, in patients with atrial fibrillation and various geriatric syndromes, as well as in elderly patients with venous thromboembolic complications and frailty syndrome is presented. Most studies indicate significant advantages of direct oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban) over the vitamin K antagonist warfarin in elderly patients with geriatric syndromes. An updated version of the FORTA consensus document, which aims to optimize the prescription of medicines for the elderly, is also presented. Apixaban has a FORTA-A safety class and is the safest oral anticoagulant in elderly patients.


A 58-year-old man visited Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan, complaining of a left scrotal mass, which had been growing gradually for three years. The mass was 12 cm, soft, elastic, non-tender, mobile and nontransilluminable in the left scrotum (Fig. 1a). Ultrasound examination showed a heterogeneous mass in the left scrotum, which was separated from the left testis. The left testis was a normal size and consistency. Pelvic computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed the mass to be intrascrotal and extratesticular (Fig. 1b). The overall clinical impression was a benign tumor and the tumor was surgically resected. The tumor was rich in blood vessels. When the scrotum was opened, the left testis was apparently not involved with the tumor, and it appeared that the tumor arose from the subcutaneous tissue of the scrotum. The tumor measured 12 ¥ 8 cm and weighed 460 g. The section was light-yellow, solid , elastic tissue and its capsule was unclear (Fig. 1c). In pathological findings, hematoxylin–eosin staining showed interlacing bundles of loosely arranged spindle shaped cells with oval, waving and tapering nuclei separated by collagen strands (Fig. 1d). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were diffusely positive in S-100 protein, which is commonly seen in supporting cells of the central or peripheral nervous tissue (Fig. 1e). The pathological diagnosis was non-plexiform neurofibroma. Neurofibroma is a benign tumor of the nerve sheath, which originates from Schwann cells. The tumor can be solitary or multiple and the multiple neurofibromas are usually classified as a neurofibromatosis. Most cases of neurofibromas are associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, known as von Recklinghausen disease. Although tumors can develop anywhere within the central or peripheral nervous system, it is rare for them to be localized in the scrotum. In the present case, the tumor originated from subcutaneous neural tissue. Thirteen cases of neurofibromas found in the scrotum have been reported and the standard treatment was surgical resection. In three cases, they might have been associated with von Recklinghausen disease because the neurofibromas were involved in pelvic structures such as the bladder, penis, urethra, perineum and abdominal wall. In these cases, additional treatments such as urethroplasty, penile and scrotum reconstruction or urinary diversion were necessary. Because von Recklinghausen disease is related to sarcomatous degeneration such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms' tumor, neurofibrosarcoma and non-lymphocytic leukemia, it is important to diagnose solitary neurofibroma


Tourist projects and real estate development projects have great differences in land development in that tourist projects have the features of large scale of investment and long capital recovery period,covering relatively complex issues about land and its ownership and use right transfer.Uniform planning,uniform management,government coordination and simultaneous development of more than one land supply methods is the fundamental approach to solving the land problem in tourist projects.


On photo sharing websites like Flickr and Zooomr, users are offered the possibility to assign tags to their uploaded pictures. Using these tags to find interesting groups of semantically related pictures in the result set of a given query is a problem with obvious applications. We analyse this problem from a Minimum Description Length (MDL) perspective and develop an algorithm that finds the most interesting groups. The method is based on Krimp, which finds small sets of patterns that characterise the data using compression. These patterns are sets of tags, often assignedtogether to photos. The better a database compresses, the more structure it contains and thus the more homogeneous it is. Following this observation we devise a compression-based measure. Our experiments on Flickr data show that the most interesting and homogeneous groups are found. We show extensive examples and compare to clusterings on the Flickr website.


Objective To analysis the relationship between plasma lipids and frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability, also automic nerve activity in CHD patients and healthy men.Method 71 CHD patients and 96 healthy men received examinations of 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram and blood samples of lipid were taken after overnight fast. Both CHD patients and healthy men were dichotomized according to the total cholesterol (TC) level.Result In CHD patients ,men with TC level above the mean had lower HF(P0.05)and higher LF/HF (P0.01);in healthy group, men with TC level above the mean also had lower HF and higher LF/HF, but P value had no statistic significance. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that HF inversely correlated to TC while LF/HF negatively correlated to TC and LDL in CHD patients; in healthy men, LF/HF negatively correlated to TC also. Conclusion The data suggest that plasma lipids is in some way correlated to heart rate variability and automic nerve activity. The sympathovagal balance is impaired and the sympathetic activity is relatively higher while vagal activity is relatively lower in men with plasma lipids above the normal level.


The paper introduces a scalable programmable RSA cryptographic processor implemented as IP core in Field Programmable Devices (FPD). The processor is built on three main blocks – an embedded standard microcontroller, a scalable Montgomery Multiplication unit and simple vector adder unit. All blocks are implemented in VHDL as parameterized modules. The IP core is developed as a System on a Chip (SoC) building block for public-key exchange schemes to be used in more complex cryptographic chip using both symmetrical and asymmetrical algorithms. There is no limitation on the maximum size of RSA operands and the selection of actual word-size can be made according to the available FPD capacity and/or desired performance.


Objective To explore the clinicopathological features, immune phenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cerebral lipoastrocytoma. Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestations, histopathological and immunohistochemical features were conducted in one case of cerebral lipoastrocytoma. Results A 48-year-old male presented with numbness and inflexibility of the fourth and little fingers of his left hand over the previous 2 weeks. Cranial MRI revealed a space-occupying lesion with cystic degeneration in the right parietal lobe that showed obvious enhancement after contrast administration. The patient subsequently underwent craniotomy with stereotactic gross total excision of the lesion. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy were not administered. Histologically the tumor showed classical features of low-grade astrocytoma, including a few scattered medium-large neuron-like cells with prominent nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm. Most notably, the glial cells contained fat droplets or vacuoles giving an appearance of mature adipocytes. Focally microcystic change was evident resulting from adipocyte-like cells fusion with each other. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were reactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein (S-100), focally positive for WT-1, weakly positive for oligodendrocytes transcription factor-2 (Olig-2), and negative for isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). Meanwhile, the tumor cells also expressed several neuronal markers including synaptophysin (Syn), microtube-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), neurofilament (NF), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and CD34. P53 protein was weakly expressed in 5% of tumor cells. Ki-67 labeling index was low (1% ). The patient remained well without recurrence 20 months after surgery. Conclusions Cerebral lipoastrocytoma is an extremely rare tumor. Histologically, the tumor showed classical features of low-grade astrocytoma and extensive lipomatous differentiation. Interestingly, the present case also showed neuronal differentiation confirmed by positive staining with neuronal markers. Diagnosis needs to be combined with pathological morphology and immune phenotype, which can distinguish from other neuroepithelial tumors with fat cell differentiation or xanthomatous change. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.01.009


Queue is a natural phenomenon that occurs when the demand for a service at a certain time exceeds the capacity of service at the same time. In this paper, the problem is solved using the queuing theory which is an analytical tool that is very helpful in solving queuing problems. This theory includes mathematical studies that produce important information needed in decision making with the help of forecasting various characteristics of the queue line. The queuing model in this restaurant queue system is (M / G / S). The current queuing system has System utility level (p) 52.23%, average time of customers in the queue (Wq) 0.4634 minute, The average time a customer in a system (W) 2.8074 minutes, Average Number of Visitors in the Queue (Lq) = 0.2104 ≈ 1 person, and Average Number of Visitors in the System (Ls) 1.2750 ≈ 1 person. The total waiting time on server 2 is below the maximum waiting time of 15 minutes and has the greatest system utility level, thus the optimum number of servers chosen is server 2 which is already optimum.


© TOUCH MEDICAL MEDIA 2014 59 Current Therapy of Retinal Vascular Disease Retinal vascular disorders are commonly found in ophthalmologic practice: in addition to hypertensive changes and retinal vein occlusions, diabetic eye disease plays a major role. Driven by demographic change and the obesity trend, the prevalence of diabetes has increased steadily recently and is likely to rise further. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are ocular complications of diabetes, where numbers are expected to double by 2030. As opposed to other retinal diseases, DR and DME frequently affect the working-age population, requiring long-term disease management. To date, DR and especially its manifestation DME is the main cause of severe visual impairment and blindness.


We thank Drs Vogel et al for their interesting observations on the differing presentation of acute HCV in HIV negative and HIV positive participants enrolled in their trials (1). Unlike our study (2) they find that HIV positive subjects presented with less frequent clinical symptoms, lower maximum ALT, and, in those who were symptomatic, a longer duration between estimated date of infection and onset of clinical symptoms. They conclude that these differences may be due to more advanced immunodeficiency, and/or a greater proportion of sexual HCV transmissions in their population. Whilst the concept of a difference in the level of immunodeficiency affecting the frequency of clinical symptoms has some merit, we believe the explanation for the observed differences is more likely to be methodological rather than biological.


As a student and teacher of modern and contemporary drama, I have often heard colleagues scoff over the corpse of Ibsen, admitting Ibsen s seminal position in the development of modern drama but concluding that from the vantage point of the 1980s, the only proper place for an Ibsen play is the morgue. When I read Peter Handke or Sam Shepard, I feel inclined to agree, but come fall, and the first half of the modern drama course I teach, I am once again surprised at the continuing vitality of Ibsen s plays. And I am excited by the range of effective approaches to teaching them. A Doll House, in particular, offers such accessible riches for undergrad uates that it has remained a favorite of both of ours. I continue to teach the play, not only because it holds so important a place in literary history or because the issues of individualism and women's choices are anything but dead but because it offers the best initiation into drama I know. In my modern drama classes as well as my introductory literature classes, I suggest three ways of getting into A Doll House: the first through the front door, the second through the back door, and the third through the chimney. The front door, of course, is the door Nora slams, and strictly speaking, it is the door that ends the play, though not for students: the temptation to speculate about what happens to Nora after she slams the door is simply too appealing. Predictably, they speak of the difficulties facing women in the nineteenth century, of the fragility of Nora's personality, of how ill-equipped she is to make it on her own. Some argue, however, that she has just demonstrated how capable and independent she is and that despite the odds set by society her chances of survival are high. Before the discussion has gone too far, I share with them my own somewhat imperfect recollection of "To Norway—Land of the Giants," the delightful Monty Python scenarios, each only several seconds long, of what happens to Nora. In one, a group of suffragettes marching by just as she exits tramples her; in another, she slips on the icy stairs and slides headfirst into an open manhole; in a third, she opens her umbrella and is next seen flying above the rooftops, Mary Poppins style; and in a fourth, my favorite, Nora does not really intend to leave after all but is simply playacting again: she hides behind the door as Torvald charges after her, pushing against the door and flattening her against the wall. Since A Doll House is the first play of the course, the Python skits prove a great icebreaker and an effective way of suggesting how fatuous an endeavor such speculation is. The play, after all, has ended, and Nora has no life beyond it.


S02 by somatic hybridization between diploid and haploid lines, and demonstrates the potential for haploid citrus production by induced gynogenesis in clementine. In this work we analysed the efficiency of induced gynogenesis by irradiated pollen in 'Wilking' mandarin (Citrus reticulata). Five doses of gamma irradiation of 'Meyer' lemon pollen were tested (0, 150, 200, 250, 300 Grays). Embryos were extracted from small seeds, obtained in immature fruits, and cultivated in vitro. The ploidy level of plantlets was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Irradiated pollen appeared to be efficient for gynogenesis induction in 'Wilking'. A relatively high number of haploids (7 plantlets) were obtained, essentially after hybridisation with 'Meyer' lemon pollen irradiated at 250 Grays. The ploidy level of all haploid plantlets was confirmed by chromosome counts, and molecular markers demonstrated their gynogenetic origin. These haploid lines should be useful for triploid breeding by somatic hybridisation, and also constitute interesting resources for genomic studies.


Energy transfer processes in Yb3+-Tb3+ co-doped, low-silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses were analyzed. Luminescence and time-resolved measurements were used to study upconversion processes, such as Yb-Tb cooperative sensitization, Yb-Yb cooperative luminescence, and Yb-Tb cross relaxation. The quantum cross relaxation efficiency was evaluated as a function on the Yb3+ concentration, and the maximum estimated value was approximately 51%. In addition, the intensity of the upconversion luminescence from the Tb3+:5D4 level decreased by two orders of magnitude comparing the value at room temperature with that at 123 K. As a consequence, Yb-Yb cooperative luminescence around 500 nm became comparable with the intensity of upconversion from the Tb3+:5D4 level. Furthermore, a dependence of the upconversion kinetics luminescence on temperature was observed. The upconversion rise time was constant and equal to 65 μs for temperatures between 296 to 473 K and decreased from 65 to 19 μs, without variation in the de...


Instruments devised for image recording, such as photographic cameras, are sometimes considered a kind o f extension of the photographer's eye. As with any kind of tool, the handling of these devices depend on the technical solutions chosen by their developers. This paper tries to establish some relations between these solutions and the process of image production.


Inspired by the popularity of demassify media in the real life,starting from the concept of demassification,according to the increasingly fierce market competition,the diversification of the audience,the diversified demands of the audience,it analyzed the advantage of demassify packaging design-Accuracy,Individuality,Broadened.By means of classifying by age and gender and case studies,it discussed how to make specific choice,probes into how to do a accurate brand positioning for packaging design under the age of demassify.


Guatemalas ethnic diversity affects current and future family planning efforts. Several major linguistically distinct Indian populations constitute 1/2 the population Spanish-speaking "ladinos" the other 1/2. Surveys conducted among the Quicke and Kekchi Indians show that they are less knowledgeable about less favorable toward and less likely to practice family planning than rural ladinos. Moreover the gap between the 2 groups widened between 1976-8. Explanations for this include differences in reproductive ideals in the perceived availability of contraceptives and in exposure to information/education/communication programs. (Authors)


High-efficiency converters capable of low-loss switching are LLC resonant dc-dc converters. Leakage transformers that combine resonant inductors and transformers are effective for the miniaturization of LLC resonant dc-dc converters. However, leakage transformers have a substantial leakage magnetic flux due to low coupling between the primary and secondary windings. Leakage transformers have high alternating-current (AC) resistance because of the leakage magnetic flux acting on the windings. Thus, the authors propose an approach to reduce the AC resistance of leakage transformers by inducing leakage flux through the application of magnetic composite materials to the windings. In this study, magnetic field simulation is used to clarify the effect of the loading position of a magnetic composite material on the AC resistance of leakage transformers. The AC resistance at 1 MHz was reduced by 38% from 594 to 368 mΩ by loading the magnetic composite material at the appropriate position in the winding.


Two multistage barrel type pumps were installed in a nuclear power plant in reactor charge application. The pumps are driven by a 600 HP (447 kW) four-pole induction motor through double helical gear increasers. The overall vibration amplitude of the pump casing and the shaft were determined to be acceptable. However, one of the pumps was found with shaft repetitive cracking failures (MTBF = 7.3 years) initiated away from the key-way stress concentration area, under the later stage impellers, in a zone where fretting was occurring. Several attempts pursued by the plant and their supplier, over the years, did not find the root cause of this shaft cracking problem, in spite of the good troubleshooting procedures and careful installation practices pursued. Therefore, an exceptionally comprehensive root cause investigation was implemented, with specialty vibration testing at its core. Thorough vibration testing combining spectral and timetransient vibration testing on the pump casing and shaft, Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) testing of the impeller and pump casing, and Operating Deflection Shape (ODS) testing revealed the dynamic behavior of the pump rotor and the entire pump system. The results identified unsuspected excessive axial shuttling of the pump shaft at the motor running speed frequency due to axial run-out of the helical gear set. Based on the test results and supported by non-linear FEA analysis, the authors identified the root cause of the crack initiation phase of the shaft failure. An additional transient FEA based fracture mechanics analysis approach was able to predict that the stresses in the shaft, underneath the impeller, were able to encourage initiation and propagation of the crack. This lecture demonstrates the effectiveness in machinery root cause investigations of thorough vibration testing including ODS, EMA, and FEA rather than traditional troubleshooting approaches, which had not detected a gear/pump inter-related problem, and would not have provided such clear visual evidence for decision makers. INTRODUCTION Acronyms Description of the Pump Two large turbine-generator Units were installed at Catawba Nuclear Plant (CNP), located in York, SC. The Units initiated their operation in 1985 and 1986 and were designed to generate 1200 MW per Unit. Each Unit was provided with two charge pumps designated as 1A/B NV and 2A/B NV for Units 1 and 2,


Plato's Dialogues, particularly in Meno. The constructivist approach to learning is considered in its relations both to empiricism and rationalism, the last one being sustained in ancient Greece mainly by Socrates and Plato. The importance of Socratism in modern times is considered as well as the manner in which it has been incorporated -in the twentieth centuryin the van Hiele's theory of mathematics education.


The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), applied as a possible micronutrient source, in conjunction with organic pesticides in agricultural soils has the potential to alter the environmental behavior and toxicity of these chemicals to soil biota. This research examines the joint effects of ZnO NPs and the herbicide metribuzin (MTZ) on phytotoxicity to plants, toxicity to soil microorganisms, and the accumulation of Zn and MTZ in plants. After 23 days, effects on growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and oxidative stress biomarkers in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soil enzymatic activities were evaluated. Additionally, the amounts of Zn and MTZ (and the latter's main metabolites) in soil and plant tissues were quantified. ZnO NPs reduced ammonium oxidase activity and growth among MTZ-stressed plants while reducing photosynthetic pigment levels and enhancing antioxidant enzymatic activities. MTZ had a marginal impact on the availability and accumulation of Zn in plant tissues, although significant effects were observed in some specific cases. In turn, ZnO NPs drastically affected MTZ degradation in soil and influenced MTZ accumulation/metabolization in the bean plants. Our findings indicate that the indirect effects of ZnO NPs, through their interaction with commonly used organic pesticides, may be relevant and should be taken into account in agricultural soils.


Epitaxial CeO{sub 2} films on (1{bar 1}02) sapphire and (100) MgO were grown by rf magnetron sputtering. Substrate temperature, total pressure, and oxygen-to-argon mole ratio were varied to explore the optimal deposition condition. The X-ray diffraction spectra indicate that the degree of crystallinity of the deposited CeO{sub 2} films depends on the oxygen-to-argon mole ratio and the substrate temperature. Atomic force microscopy images of the films on sapphire and MgO showed that substrate temperature and total pressure affect surface roughness. The best film surface is smooth with a 0.89 nm root-mean-square roughness. The quality of the films on MgO showed a strong dependence on substrate pretreatments. Epitaxial CeO{sub 2} films could be grown on preannealed or pre-etched MgO if substrate temperatures reached higher than 790 C. Additionally, the effect of ion bombardment at low total pressures on the crystallinity of the films was examined by growing the films outside these plasma region. Experimental results indicate that the ion bombardment does not prevent the films from preferred orientation.


The tris(thioxanthate)nickel(II) salt [Et 4 N] [Ni(txn) 3 ] has been synthesized. The S 6 -coordinated bivalent metal center (2.97 μ B ) is oxidizable, the E 1/2 of the Ni III (txn) 3 -Ni II (txn) 3 - couple being 0.09 V vs SCE (CH 2 Cl 2 , 253 K). The frozen-solution (77K) EPR spectrum of electrogenerated Ni(txn) 3 - is compatible with the d z 2 1 ground state


Boron nitride (BN) nanostructures with excellent thermal and chemical stabilities hold great promise for many industrial applications. However, activation of the inert BN surface for various cataly...


Detection of bird species with bird songs is a challenging and meaningful task. Two scenarios are presented in BirdCLEF challenge this year, which are monophone and soundscape. We trained convolutional neural network with both spectrograms extracted from recordings and additionally provided metadata. Focusing on the soundscape situation, we applied bird event detection to reduce false alarm. Besides, we rescored the retrievals using masks which are designed for all species being identified. In addition, context information was also taken into consideration in our system. Our system was evaluated in BirdCLEF 2018 and we achieved an official mean average precision (MAP) score of 0.6548 for monophone classification without background bird songs and 0.5882 for identification with background bird songs. For soundscape, we achieved 0.1196 in classification mean average precision (C-MAP).


3101Background: Overcoming the immune-suppressive tumor environment induced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is a major challenge in immune therapy. CD33 signaling in immature myeloid cel...


Semi-supervised learning (SSL) generalizes and improves supervised learning using labeled data and unlabeled data. With the rapid development of the Internet as well as the increasing availability of data in the open web, collecting tremendous amount of unlabeled data has became more feasible. As the central notion in SSL, smoothness is often defined on a graph representation of the data. However, only few researches up to date adapt graph-based SSL approaches into the large scale Solution. Even if approximation approaches are commonly used in methods of the large-scale SSL, it is difficult to outperform original methods. In this paper, we propose an efficient method to construct a graph based on anchors. There are two major concerns in the anchor graph generally: how to learn better anchors and to present the input both in a more efficient and effective fashion. Intuitively, compared with sparse representation (e.g. local anchor embedding), a more straightforward approach is marginal regression with non-negative constraint. Rather than using clustering algorithms, the anchors are trained using dictionary learning with sparsity constraints. And thus in our approach, not only the relation between anchors and data is taken into consideration, the relation between anchors is also regarded. Beyond that, in the evaluation section, we demonstrate that our method outperforms other large scale SSL methods as well as traditional ones in classification performance according to several classical datasets. Further more, the proposed method solves the large scale SSL problem more efficient than current methods. Therefore, our method is an efficient and effective alternative to handle large scale SSL problem.


The aim of this project is to identify and evaluate as a preventive way, the characteristics of a six-year old child that could develop Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To develop this project, the purpose was to perform a psycho-educational program focused on improving the wide variety of negative behaviours of the child. The program consists of five different activities, which were carried on by the whole class, trying to improve several concepts: emotional awareness, empathy level, the self-esteem and emotional self-control. The subjects of the group have improved in many of the behaviours, and in particular, it has been seen a positive major shift in the child's behaviour. In this way, the observation of non-appropriate behaviours in children of early ages would lead to perform a further psycho-educational program in order to prevent or decrease them.


embarrassingly painful to point out to the learned author that Constantinople was not taken by the Turks (a Turcis captam) in the days of St. Sava, as he affirms, but by the good Latin Christians who composed the Fourth Crusade. The further statement, that "Sabas, Serbiae metropolitanus, ab Honorio papa III coronam regiam pro fratre suo Stephano Nemanitch obtinuit," is contradicted by such an outstanding Serbian historian as Stanojevic,s who points out that it was in spite of Sava's efforts that Stephen was crowned by a papal legate in 12I7, while Sava became archbishop in 1219 and returned to Racia as a determined opponent of the Latin influence. Other such examples of inexactitude could be adduced if an exhaustive catalogue of them were contemplated. But the instances given are sufficient to validate the judgment that the book is biased whenever a controversial question is under consideration. In non-controverted matters, the author's presentation is sound. MATTHEW SPINKA CHICAGO THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY


Byline: Ajai. Singh Introduction While each one of us has his own special concerns and would like to give his own take on what he considers the task before psychiatry today, I want to highlight some critical areas for your consideration which are likely to be common concerns for us all. I divide them into five tasks to be performed, four of them of concern to all psychiatrists everywhere and a fifth of special concern to Indian psychiatrists and psychiatry. The First Task: Speak To A Wider Audience About Positive Contributions Of Psychiatry Just do a Google/Yahoo/MSN search on ' Psychiatry',' Positive Aspects of Psychiatry', 'Anti-Psychiatry'. You will get a lot of matter to browse. Please do. It will be an eye-opener. While you will get to read matter on positive contributions of the branch, quite a lot of it would be about negative aspects of psychiatry, how it is useless and dangerous, how it harms and is an infringement on human rights, free will etc, how barbaric is ECT treatment, how dangerous are its medications etc. It goes on and on and on. And while you and I sit in our consulting rooms and our OPDs and our seminars and conferences and committees and task forces, debating this and that issue and ostensibly working for patient welfare and therapeutic advancement in psychiatry, a major part of the world around remains unimpressed and keeps ranting about the ill-effects of our branch. Psychiatry and its critics There is something about psychiatry that attracts the most vehement protests. No other branch of medicine sees such vilification heaped on it. And yet, those who are in the system know they are doing the best thing possible for their patients/clients. And it is the one system that is most open in discussing what needs to be improved about it. While many other systems of medicine would dismiss most protests with a shrug, psychiatry is one branch that considers ethical, conceptual and foundational issues, sometimes almost to the point of becoming paralysed for action due to this. Every psychiatrist knows the benefits of ECT in selected patients. Every psychiatrist knows how psychopharmacology has revolutionised patient care. The grateful patients who have been saved from suicide, who get rid of their delusions/ anxieties/phobias/depressions to lead a productive life, whose inter-personal and intra-personal problems have been resolved with psychotherapy - all these are so very well known in psychiatric practice. And yet the vilification of the branch continues. Of course not all of anti-psychiatry has been useless and only vitriol. One can understand the contributions it has made to mental health consumerism. And it has added enlighteningly provocative critiques to 'establishment' psychiatry in the form of thinkers like Michel Foucault in France, R. D. Laing in Great Britain, Thomas Szasz in the United States and Franco Basaglia in Italy.[sup] [1] It essentially champions personal reality and freedom and that is a laudable approach. But it also opposes any attempt at a definition of normalcy that, according to it, the establishment of psychiatry tries to 'impose' on nonconformists and society at large. Here it transgresses its legitimate domain, for a definition of normalcy is essential, although difficult, as is a definition of the abnormal. And every non-conformism is not legitimate. That which confronts social prejudices and stereotypy is; but that which tries to legitimize people's disease and resultant distress, suffering and anguish in the name of non-conformity, isn't what we label as psychiatric disorders falls in the latter category. Moreover, the inability to precisely define a certain phenomena, as for example the difference between normal and abnormal, does not mean it does not exist. It only requires a more clear-cut delineation, which researchers need to work over more diligently. Studies on normality need greater emphasis than is their lot at present. …


Developing new catalytic technologies to utilize biomass as the carbon source of chemical and material industries attracts more attention than ever because of the rapid depletion of fossil feedstoc...


The utility model provides cylinder covers of a water cooling engine. Water jackets are arranged on the cylinder covers of the water cooling engine. The water jackets comprise upper layer water jackets and lower layer water jackets separated by partition plates. The lower layer water jackets are closes to a cylinder body of the water cooling engine, wherein water inlet holes are formed in the upper layer water jackets, water outlet holes are formed in the lower layer water jackets, water flowing channels are opened on the partition plates, the water flowing channels are communicated between the upper layer water jackets and the lower layer water jackets, and arranged on nose bridge zones of the cylinder covers, and flow areas of the upper layer water jackets, the lower layer water jackets and the water flowing channels reduce sequentially. The cylinder covers of the water cooling engine achieve an effect of reasonably distributing flow rate and flow quantity of cooled water of the water jackets to different cooling areas of the cylinder covers, and thus heating load is taken away to the largest extent, and cooling effect is improved. The utility model further provides the water cooling engine. The water cooling engine comprises a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of cylinder covers arranged on the cylinders. The cylinder covers are the cylinder covers of the water cooling engine.


The gyrotron is a critical component of electron cyclotron resonance heating systems and is highly sensitive to the rising edge of the cathode's high-voltage power supply (HVPS). HVPS is based on pulse-step modulation technology, which requires a rapidly rising edge and low-voltage overshoot. An equivalent mathematical model is thus established to analyze the transient characteristics of HVPS. An optimized control strategy is obtained from detailed theoretical calculations verified via simulations. A time interval of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1 ~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to ensure that the voltage overshoot is controlled to within 1% over the rated output voltage range. Finally, the theoretical analysis is verified through experimental tests.


Nietzsche's critique of modern reason, and the dishonesty of the moderns, the Grand Myth and the banishment of wisdom, Deleuze and need for a new style, the importance of myth and metaphor (vital illusions), Frye and toxicity of scientistic myth, indigenous mythopoeic thinking, a moral universe? Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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An increasing number of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients developed postoperative complications in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Evidence based practice (EBP) recommendations showed the initiation of continuous positive air pressure (CPAP), a device that provides positive pressure in the upper airway overcoming potential tissue collapse, maintaining a patent airway and preventing subsequent obstruction, could minimize the incidence of respiratory complications, especially in the PACU. PACU nurses noted that OSA patients do not frequently bring their CPAP machine prior to their surgery. The staff realized that having early initiation of CPAP in the PACU can be beneficial for patients exhibiting hypoxemia, apnea and frequent severe airway obstruction.


By blending Aramid 1414 with cotton,the fabrics with different blending ratio of fibers were woven,then flame-retardant treatment was used.The flame-resistant performance was tested by the Limiting Oxygen Index(LOI)method.By analyzing the data,the mathematical expression about the LOI and blending ratio was gotten.The results show that the blend fabric of the Aramid 1414 and cotton has the good flame-resistant performance,with the increase of content of Aramid 1414.After flame-retardant treatment,the flame-resistant performance of blending fabrics is better than that of mistreatment,and the flame-resistant performance of the blending fabrics which is with higher blending ratio of cotton improves to a larger extent,and resistance to be washed increases.


[Objective] To explore the relationship between chromosomal damage induced by 1,3-butadiene(BD)and polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes of CYP2E1 and GSTs.[Methods] Cytokinesis-block micronucleus(CBMN)assay was used to detect chromosomal damage in peripheral lymphocytes of 166 1,3-butadiene exposed workers and 41 controls.PCRRFLP technique was applied to detect polymorphisms in CYP2E1 c1c2.Null genotypes of GSTT1 and GSTM1 were detected by PCR.[Results] Compared the CBMN frequencies of the two groups we found that the frequency in exposed workers was higher than that in control group(P0.01).Individuals with the CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and GSTM1 positive genotype were observed to have significantly higher CBMN frequencies than individuals with more common genotypes(χ2=14.39,P0.01 and χ2=4.23,P0.05).Sex,age,duration of work,smoking and drinking habit had no relationship with CBMN frequencies.[Conclusion] BD-exposed workers had higher risk of chromosomal damage compared with control.Cytokinesis-block micronucleus(CBMN)assay can be used to evaluate the early damage of butadiene-exposed workers.CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 and GSTM1 positive genotype showed higher average CBMN frequencies than those with more common genotypes.