[Objective] To observe the therapeutic effect of Modified Jinsuo Gujin Pill (MJGP) on adriamycin-induced nephropathy in rats. [Methods] Twenty-four SD rats were randomized into normal control group, model group and MJGP group. Except the normal control group, rats in the other two groups were injected with one-dose adriamycin (6 mg/kg) into the caudal vein to induce nephrotic syndrome. Meanwhile, MJGP group was given MJGP decoction 96g/kg and the normal control group was given water of the same volume for 45 days. The effects of MJGP on the levels of 24-hour urine protein, serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), serum total cholesterol (TC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr), as well as on the renal histological features were observed. [Results] MJGP decreased the levels of 24-hour urine protein and serum TC, and increased serum TP and ALB levels, the difference being significant as compared with the model group (P0.05 or P0.01). However, MJGP had no effect on SCr and BUN levels. HE stain results and examination under electron microscope showed that renal pathological changes were relieved in MJGP group. [Conclusion] MJGP is effective for rat adriamycin-induced nephropathy in rats.


Purpose – In recent years, scholars have devoted increasing attention to the use of methods in new product development. Although their positive impact on product success has been confirmed by a series of studies, little research has so far been conducted into the determinants of the successful method application. The purpose of this paper is to analyze two key determinants for the successful use of methods.Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts a structural equation modeling approach and analyzes the subject based on a large empirical sample of 410 product development projects.Findings – The way the new product development process is formalized and the extent of top management support have a significant influence on the successful application of methods. Both factors lead to the use of more methods overall and drive the more thorough and intensive deployment of the specific methods used.Practical implications – The paper shows how firms that are seeking a more methodical approach to new product de...


List of Contributers. List of Symbols and Abbreviations. 1 Nanomaterials for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (Zhong Lin Wang). 1.1 Why nanomaterials? 1.2 Characterization of nanophase materials. 1.3 Scope of the book. References. 2 X-ray Characterization of Nanoparticles (Daniela Zanchet, Blair D. Hall, and Daniel Ugarte). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 X-ray sources. 2.3 Wide-angle X-ray diffraction. 2.4 Extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy. 2.5 Conclusions. References. 3 Transmission Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Nanoparticles (Zhong Lin Wang). 3.1 A transmission electron microscope. 3.2 High-resolution TEM lattice imaging. 3.3 Defects in nanophase materials. 3.4 Electron holography. 3.5 In-situ microscopy. 3.6 Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of nanoparticles. 3.7 Energy-filtered electron imaging. 3.8 Structure of self-assembled nanocrystal superlattices. 3.9 Summary. References. 4 Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Nanoparticles (Jingyue Liu). 4.1 Introduction to STEM and associated techniques. 4.2 STEM instrumentation. 4.3 Imaging with high-energy electrons. 4.4 Coherent electron nanodiffraction. 4.5 Imaging with secondary electrons. 4.6 Imaging with Auger electrons. 4.7 Nanoanalysis with energy-loss electrons and X-rays. 4.8 Summary. References. 5 Scanning Probe Microscopy of Nanoclusters (Lifeng Chi and Christian Rothig). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Fundamental of the techniques. 5.3 Experimental approaches and data interpretation. 5.4 Applications for characterizing nanophase materials. 5.5 Limitations and Prospects. References. 6 Electrical and Electrochemical Analysis of Nanophase Materials (Zhong Shi and Meilin Liu). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Preparation of nanostructured electrode. 6.3 Principles of electrochemical techniques. 6.4 Application to nanostructured electrodes. 6.5 Summary. References. Optical Spectroscopy of Nanophase Materials (C. Burda, T. Green, C. Landes, S. Link, R. Little, J. Petroski, M. A. El-Sayed). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Experimental. 7.3 Metal nanostructures. 7.4 Semiconductor nanostructures. References. 8 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - Characterization of Self-Assembled Nanostructural Materials (Li-Qiong Wang, Gregory J. Exarhos, and Jun Liu). Abstract. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Basic principles of solid state NMR. 8.3 Application of NMR in characterization of self-assembled materials. 8.4 Materials design, characterization, and properties. 8.5 Conclusion. References. 9 Photoluminescence from Single Semiconductor Nanostructures (Stephen Empedocles, Robert Neuhauser, Kentaro Shimizu and Moungi Bawendi). Abstract. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Sample Preparation. 9.3 Single Nanocrystal Imaging. 9.4 Polarization Spectroscopy. 9.5 Single Nanocrystal Spectroscopy. 9.6 Spectral Diffusion. 9.7 Large Spectral Diffusion Shifts. 9.8 Stark Spectroscopy. 9.9 Conclusion. References. 10 Nanomagnetism (Wal A. de Heer). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Basic concepts in magnetism. 10.3 Magnetism in reduced dimensional systems. 10.4 Microscopic characterization of nanoscopic magnetic particles. 10.5 Magnetic properties of selected nanomagnetic systems. References. 11 Metal-oxide and -sulfide Nanocrystals and Nanostructures (A. Chemseddine). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Nanocrystals processing by wet chemical methods - general remarks on synthesis and characterization. 11.3 Sulfides nanocrystals. 11.4 Connecting and assembling sulfide nanocrystals. 11.5 Oxide nanocrystals: synthesis and characterization. 11.6 Applications, prospects and concluding remarks. References. 12 Electron Microscopy of Fullerenes and Related Materials (G. Van Tendeloo and S. Amelinckx). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Molecular crystals of fullerenes. 12.3 Crystals of C60 derived materials. 12.4 Graphite nanotubes. 12.5 Conclusions. References. Index.


Intrinsically disordered viral proteins are central to the infectivity and pathogenicity of viruses. For oncogenic viruses, the presence of disordered proteins coded by the viral genome is an important part of the process of disruption of the host cell cycle that leads to cellular transformation. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus that infects cells of the skin and mucous membranes. The infections are mostly benign, resulting in the formation of papillomas (warts), but infection with certain strains causes a high risk of transformation to cancers, especially cervical cancer. High risk strains include HPV16, while HPV6 is a related strain with low risk of cancerous transformation. The proteins most implicated in the cancerous transformations mediated by HPV are E6 and E7. We studied the interactions of one of these proteins, E7, to elucidate the structural basis for the differences in cancer risk between high and low‐risk strains. The E7 protein interacts with two major cellular control proteins, the retinoblastoma protein pRb, which controls the entry of the cell into S phase of the cell cycle, halting the progression of cell division. pRb acts by sequestering the factor E2F which is required for cell cycle progression. The HPV E7 protein displaces E2F from pRb, initiating uncontrolled cellular proliferation. The other important interaction of E7 is with the CREB‐binding protein CBP, a transcriptional activator that mediates the transcription of p53‐related genes. The E7 protein disrupts p53 binding to CBP, abrogating the processes that lead to apoptosis of infected cells. Residues 1–51 of HPV E7 are intrinsically disordered and bind preferentially to the TAZ2 domain of CBP. Pull‐down assays show that a ternary E7‐pRb‐TAZ2 ternary complex is formed in the presence of full‐length E7(1–98). NMR chemical shift perturbation studies of TAZ2 in the presence of E7 and pRb demonstrate the formation of a ternary complex. The stability of the E7‐TAZ2‐pRb ternary complex probably holds an important clue to the oncogenic potential of the high‐risk HPV strains. A stable ternary complex will bring pRb into proximity to CBP, which contains in addition to the TAZ2 domain an acetyltransferase module that can acetylate pRb, leading to its degradation.


China's medical device market is continuously growing since the last decade and increasingly attractive for foreign medical device manufacturers. However, marketing products in China as a foreign manufacturer is challenging due to the rapidly changing regulatory environment and lack of available information and documents published in English. This work addresses the recent introduction of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) and presents the current CFDA approval processes and required documentation based on research of the original documents of the CFDA in Chinese language.


(57) Abstract: The weatherability of polycarbonates or blends of polycarbonates with other polymers such as polyesters is characterized by a thermoplastic array comprising units derived from resorcinol isophthalate / terephthalate or alkylresorcinol isophthalate / terephthalate. Improved when the rate polymer is incorporated into the blend. The above units may be combined with units derived from C 4-12 aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aliphatic / cycloaliphatic hybrid dicarboxylic acids, such as the resorcinol or alkylresorcinol esters of sebacic acid.


17 The 2020 Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics Games referred to as "Recovery Olympics" are 18 supposed to encourage in recovery of the Tohoku regions affected by the 3.11 Great East Japan 19 Earthquake. Tsukuba International Academy for Sport Studies established in 2015 as part of SPORT 20 FOR TOMORROW initiative under Japan Sports Agency has since been holding Olympic 21 education program every year at Rikuzentakata City, one of the disaster-affected areas. However, 22 few studies have examined the contents of Olympic (or Paralympic) education in these areas. 23 Therefore, this study shares knowledge through practice of Olympic education in a high school with an aim to suggest better practice in the area for its continuation post-2020. In 2019, an Olympic education class for 120 high school students was conducted followed by an open-ended 1 questionnaire survey to the students. Questions consisted of: i) impressions of the class, ii) image of 2 Tokyo 2020 Games, iii) current self-challenges and regional issues, and iv) how to use the Olympics. 3 Text mining the obtained data revealed that respondents had a positive image of the Tokyo 2020 4 Games. Self-challenges and regional issues associated with reconstruction were clarified in answers 5 to the survey, where some respondents revealed their future designs to contribute towards the 6 development of local community. Some respondents also connected the class learning contents to 7 providing solutions for local issues. Overall, the findings as discussed in this study were considered 8 as useful knowledge for future practical Olympic education.


Citizens' right to information is recognized in international human-rights standards and treaties, including the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights African (Freedom of Information Centre, 2014). Even so, some observers argue that access-to-information laws are being used to clamp down on the free flow of information instead of creating a conducive environment for citizens to access public information (African Freedom of Information Centre, 2017). In Zimbabwe, the Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA) is often criticized for limiting access to information.


Runaway IT projects can absorb resources beyond the point at which most observers would advocate either canceling or redirecting the project. The escalation literature provides a promising theoretical explanation for this phenomenon. This paper compares three escalation theories by applying them to a single case study involving IT project escalation.


In this study, mechanochemical reactions in the ternary system of Al–B2O3–C were investigated. The starting materials were activated in a planetary ball mill under Argon atmosphere at different times. X-Ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used to characterize the products. The results showed that B4C, AlB12, and Al2O3 were formed at least after 4 h of milling. Furthermore, an aluminum borate (9Al2O3.2 B2O3) compound was formed during an aluminothermic reaction, as a by-product that could be diminished substantially by increasing the milling time to 20 h. SEM and TEM micrograph showed that the products were agglomerated and the range of particle size was within 100 nm. A high hardness value of 88 BHN with a compaction strength of 313 MPa can be achieved for the bulk sample sintered at 560°C for 90 min.


List of figures, tables, and maps Preface Acknowledgements 1. Island networks and graphs 2. Trees 3. The minimum spanning tree problem 4. Search trees I 5. Search trees II 6. Centrality 7. Dominating sets 8. Digraphs 9. Conclusion References Index.


We generalize to the Kerr spacetime existing self-force results on tidal invariants for particles moving along circular orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole. We obtain linear-in-mass-ratio corrections to the quadratic and cubic electric-type invariants and the quadratic magnetic-type invariant in series of the rotation parameter up to the fourth order. We then construct the eigenvalues of both electric and magnetic tidal tensors and analytically compute them through high post-Newtonian orders.


The article analyzes the function of the emblematic system and in particular the allegorical figure of the God Mars in Russian panegyric literature. In Peter I's epoch this allegory was actively used to formalize the new Imperial ideology. In panegyric dramas the image of the God Mars served to personify the highest values of the Empire: the new warlike Russia, the most heroized sovereign, the Russian army.


For the simplified model of the internal cooling passage in the turbine blade of an aero-engine, the present study applies a newly developed turbulence modeling method, very-large eddy simulation (VLES), for analyzing rotational effects on the characteristics of complex turbulent flow. For comparison, not only are the delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES) method (recognized as one of the most popular hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes-large eddy simulation (RANS-LES) methods) and the LES method used with the same numerical setup, but also three RANS turbulence models, including the k-ω shear stress transport (SST), standard k-ε, and Reynolds stress models, are applied to analyze the flow structure in the ribbed channel (whether rotating or stationary). Complex turbulent flows in a square ribbed channel at high Reynolds number of 100 000 in the stationary state and different rotational numbers (Ro) between 0.1 and 0.4 are simulated and analyzed in detail. The comparisons show that when compared with the experimental data the VLES method works best in both the stationary and rotating states. It can capture unsteady flow characteristics such as wall shear layer separation and the vortex structure resulting from the rib disturbance. The DDES method can only capture the larger-scale vortex structures, and its predictions of the time-averaged velocity differ considerably from experiments, especially in the stationary state. With a relatively coarse grid, satisfactory prediction cannot be achieved in either rotating or stationary state by the LES method with wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) and dynamic Smagorinsky models. The three RANS models perform poorly in both the stationary and rotating states. The results demonstrate the advantages of the VLES method in analyzing the unsteady flow characteristics in the ribbed channel at high Reynolds numbers for both stationary and rotating conditions. On that basis, the study uses the VLES method to analyze the flow evolution under different rotational numbers, and the rotational effects on the fluid mechanisms are analyzed.


This article presents a parametric study for the determination of the flexibility and stiffness of a cylindrical shell at its support location. The parametric equation incorporates the geometric variables of both cylindrical shell and support; namely, the shell radius, thickness, and length, and the support width and embracing angle. A mathematical model has been devised to provide the theoretical data of flexibilities for establishing the parametric equation. The model is based on a contact stress formulation and uses a cylindrical shell theory. The validity and accuracy of the proposed parametric equation has been checked against available experiment results obtained from literature. There is close agreement between the two. The present study and results should be useful to designers who wish to determine the induced support force (or displacement) due to applied displacement (or force) at the support.


The in-situ measurement of the content and orientation of steel fibres in concrete structures is of great importance for the assessment of their specific mechanical properties, especially in the case of repair. For existing structures, the actual fibre content as well as the orientation of the fibres, which is based on many factors such as casting or compacting direction, is typically unknown. For structural maintenance or rehabilitation, those factors have to be determined in order to apply meaningful structural design calculations and plan necessary strengthening methods. For this reason, a new method based on the analysis of drilling cores of concrete structures has been established. The newly developed non-destructive test setup used in this research consists of a framework for cylindrical specimens in combination with an LCR meter to determine the electrical resistance of the fibre reinforced concrete. In combination with a suitable FEM model, concretes with fibre contents up 80 kg/m3 were analysed to derive a first model to assess the actual fibre content of steel fibre reinforced concretes. After a calibration of the literature's equation by use of an adjusted aspect ratio for the analysis of drilling cores, the estimation of the fibre content is possible with high accuracy for the tested material combination. The results show that the newly developed test method is suitable for the rapid and non-destructive structural diagnosis of the fibre content of steel fibre reinforced concrete based on drilling cores using electrical resistivity measurements.


where ∆ is the forward difference operator, ∆xn = xn+1 − xn, δ > 0 is the ratio of odd positive integers, i.e., for any two odd numbers μ ∈ Z, ν ∈ Z, μ > 0 and ν > 0, δ = μν , pn is real valued for each n ∈ Z, k is a given positive integer, α, β, γ and σ are constants, fn(y) ∈ C(R,R). The boundary value problem (1), (2) contains the following special Dirichlet boundary value conditions, Mixed boundary value conditions and Neumann boundary value conditions: x0 = 0, xk+1 = 0; x0 = 0, ∆xk = 0; ∆x0 = 0, xk+1 = 0; ∆x0 = 0, ∆xk = 0. Eq. (1) can be considered as a discrete analogue of the following second-order differential equation (q(t)φp(x ′)) ′ + f(t, x(t)) = 0, t ∈ R. (3)


. The study of the solution's existence and uniqueness for the linear integro-differential Fredholm equation and the application of the Nystr ¨ om method to approximate the solution is what we will present in this paper. We use the Neumann theorem to construct a sufficient condition that ensures the solution's existence and uniqueness of our problem in the Banach space C 1 [ a , b ] . We have applied the Nystr ¨ om method based on the trapezoidal rule to avoid adding other conditions in order to the approximation method's convergence. The Nystr ¨ om method discretizes the integro-differential equation into solving a linear system. Only with the existence and uniqueness condition, we show the solution's existence and uniqueness of the linear system and the convergence of the numerical solution to the exact solution in infinite norm sense. We present two theorems to give a good estimate of the error. Also, to show the efficiency and accuracy of the Nystr¨om method, some numerical examples will be provided at the end of this work.


The internal reversible hydrogen embrittlement (IRHE) of austenitic Fe(10–20)Ni17Cr2Mo alloys based on type 316 stainless steel was investigated by tests using the slow strain rate technique from 80 to 300 K in comparison with its effect on the hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE) of the alloys in hydrogen at a pressure of 1 MPa. The IRHE and HGE of the alloys in 70 MPa hydrogen at room temperature was also investigated. At low temperatures, IRHE occurred below a Ni content of 15% (Ni equivalent (Nieq ):29%), increased with decreasing temperature, reached a maximum at 200 K, and decreased with further decreasing temperature, similarly to the temperature dependence of HGE. At room temperature, IRHE and HGE were observed below a Ni content of 14% (Nieq :28%) and decreased with increasing Ni content (Nieq ). The dependence of HGE on hydrogen pressure increased with decreasing Ni content (Nieq ). Hydrogen-induced fracture closely related to the strain-induced α′ martensite structure and twin boundaries mainly occurred for both IRHE and HGE. Dimple ruptures caused by hydrogen segregation occurred in only IRHE at 150 K. The content of strain-induced α′ martensite increased with decreasing temperature and Ni content (Nieq ). Thus, the susceptibility to IRHE and HGE depended on Ni content (Nieq ). It was concluded that both IRHE and HGE were controlled by the amount of strain-induced α′ martensite above 200 K, whereas they were controlled by the hydrogen transport below 200 K.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


To promote the sound and sustainable development of China's competitive tennis,an analysis of the national sports system and professional cultivation,essential factors of Lina's success and the significance of her championship of the French open tennis tournament is made in the ways of the literature and comparative study.It's pointed out that Lina's comprehensive maturity made her remarkable achievements;Lina's success indicates the direction of China's professional tennis guaranteed by the national sports system;Lina's success speeds up China's paces from a major sports country to a world sports power,which is consistent with the developing tendency of the world tennis,and it changes the development pattern of the world tennis.


Social media is a new place for business people to market their products or do marketing. The TikTok application is a social network and Chinese music video platform launched in September 2016. Tiktok is also a social media application that displays short videos and can be arranged in such a way, where Tiktok is currently being popularly used by various groups of people. Because the TikTok marketing market is considered promising, not a few well-known brands or vendors are trying to do marketing through TikTok, including the following smartphone brand vendors: Vivo, Oppo, Samsung, Realme and Xiaomi. The purpose of this study is to determine the credibility of the performance of the Canalys version of the 5 Best Selling HP Brand TikTok accounts in Indonesia using Video Comments to Video Views Ratio. The method used in this study is a quantitative exploratory method. The results of this study show that the Xiaomi Indonesia brand gets the highest rating and has the best account performance credibility compared to other brands or vendors.


of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Abhishek Prasad. No. of pages in text. (82) Objective: Brain machine interface (BMI) or Brain Computer Interface (BCI) provides a direct pathway between the brain and an external device to help people suffering from severely impaired motor function by decoding brain activities and translating human intentions into control signals. Conventionally, the decoding pipeline for BMIs consists of chained different stages of feature extraction, time-frequency analysis and statistical learning models. Each of these stages uses a different algorithm trained in a sequential manner, which makes the whole system difficult to be adaptive. Our goal is to create differentiable signal processing modules and plug them together to build an adaptive online system. The system could be trained with a single objective function and a single learning algorithm so that each component can be updated in parallel to increase the performance in a robust manner. We use deep neural networks to address these needs. Main Results: We predicted the finger trajectory using Electrocorticography (ECoG) signals and compared results for the Least Angle Regression (LARS), Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Network (Conv-LSTM), Random Forest (RF), and a pipeline consisting of band-pass filtering, energy extraction, feature selection and linear regression. The results showed that the deep learning models performed better than the commonly used linear model. The deep learning models not only gave smoother and more realistic trajectories but also learned the transition between movement and rest state. We also estimated the source connectivity of the brain signals using a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and it correctly estimated the order and sparsity level of the underlying Multivariate Auto-regressive process (MVAR). The time course of the source connectivity was also recovered. Significance: We replace the conventional signal processing pipeline with differentiable modules so that the whole BMI system is adaptive. The study of the decoding system demonstrated a model for BMI that involved a convolutional and recurrent neural network. It integrated the feature extraction pipeline into the convolution and pooling layer and used Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) layer to capture the state transitions. The decoding network eliminated the need to separately train the model at each step in the decoding pipeline. The whole system can be jointly optimized using stochastic gradient descent and is capable of online learning. The study of the source connectivity estimation demonstrated a generative RNN model that can estimate the un-mixing matrix and the MVAR coefficients of the source activity at the same time. Our method addressed the issue of estimation and inference of the non-stationary MVAR coefficients and the un-mixing matrix in the presence of non-gaussian noise. More importantly, this model can be easily plugged into the BMI decoding system as a differentiable feature extraction module.


Contents: Early Middle English language and literature - Literature for women - The Ancrene Wisse Group - Sawles Warde - The Wooing Group - Diplomatic parallel texts - Frequency wordlists.


A method includes generating a first signal based on a first difference between the second frequency voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) of a first frequency and the second VCO. The method further comprises determining a first at least partially based on the first gain of the VCO signal.


Data from a 3 × 3 full diallelic cross experiment with three contemporary Iberian pig strains were used to study the genetic parameters and crossbreeding effects affecting piglet survival. The data set compromised 11,150 records of individual piglet mortality until weaning collected from 1,127 litters during 2010-2013. The three strains and their reciprocal crosses were represented in data set. The genetic analysis was performed using a Bayesian threshold model with three categories (survive until weaning, dead before weaning, stillbirth). Results showed a substantial genetic variability at the piglet and maternal level with heritabilities of 0.09 and 0.08, respectively. Crossbreeding parameters revealed important differences between lines for piglet survival. A positive heterosis was estimated for all crosses. The most outstanding example was the cross between Entrepelado and Torbiscal with a reduction of 5% and 8% on stillbirth and pre-weaning mortality, respectively.


Fresnel reflection has been known for centuries to fundamentally impede efficient transmittance across planar interfaces, especially at grazing incidence. Herein, we present the generalized Huygens' condition (GHC) to resolve such intricacies in metasurface (MS) designs and allow omnidirectional transparency. Compared to common numerical antireflective-coating approaches, our analytical framework yields surprisingly simple closed form conditions, carefully leveraging the natural nonlocal mechanisms endowed in planar electromagnetic structures. At the meta-atom level, we meet the GHC by balancing traditional tangential susceptibilities of Huygens' MSs with their unconventional normal counterparts; the latter facilitates the key requisite of vanishing backscattering at the challenging grazing incidence scenario. At the MS level, we sheerly utilize this central insight to engineer realistic all-angle transparent printed-circuit-board (PCB) cascaded admittance sheets. Thoroughly validated in simulation and experiment, this universal GHC demonstrates a resourceful venue for practical implementation of advanced nonlocal devices, e.g., flat optical components, optical analog computers, and spaceplates.


Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) hardware is becoming more affordable and accessible. However, there is limited work investigating ways to design software that broadens participation with BCI technology. In this article, we present a block-based programming environment designed to assist novice programmers with creating BCI applications. We also discuss learning barriers encountered by novice programmers developing neurofeedback applications. Our findings suggest that visual programming assists novice programmers with building basic BCI applications; however, students may experience understanding and learning barriers initially.


Results are presented from studies with a soluble bovine corpus luteum and a rat testis mitochondrial preparation which have the ability to cleave the sidechain of cholesterol. These results show that the pituitary hormones which influence steroidogenic organs, exert at least one of their actions by affecting a specific step in the sequence from cholesterol to pregnenolone—namely, 20α-hydroxylation. Furthermore, this action can take place at the subcellular and, presumably, enzymatic level.


Electrode insertion to the heart via subclavian vein puncture has become a commonplace procedure. A case is presented in which employment of this route led to permanent paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. (PACE, Vol. 5, July‐August, 1982)


Molecular dynamics simulations with periodic boundary conditions are used to calculate temperature‐programmed desorption spectra of Xe/Pt(111). The activation barrier is overcome using the compensating Hamiltonian method. Monte Carlo simulations are used to correct for the finite size of the simulated system. A comparison between calculated and experimental temperature‐programmed desorption spectra shows that there is a strong reduction in the Xe–Xe attraction due to substrate‐mediated effects. Still, strong island formation occurs. In spite of the fact that Xe atoms in islands desorb less easily than isolated Xe atoms, the desorption from islands dominates at low temperature, and the desorption of isolated Xe atoms at high temperature. This is caused by the variation in the number of isolated Xe atoms and Xe atoms in islands as a function of temperature and coverage.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the application and efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of esophageal leiomyoma.

METHODS
Clinical data of 39 patients with esophageal leiomyoma from December 2002 to November 2008 treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTS
Video-assisted thoracoscopic leiomyoma enucleations were performed in 38 patients, and one patient was converted to thoracotomy to repair the esophageal mucosa because of mucosa rupture during the operation. Thirty-six patients were treated through the right chest and the other 3 cases through the left. The operation time ranged from 1 to 5 (1.2+/-0.6) h. The blood loss ranged from 30 to 100 (50+/-8.3) ml. The time of chest tube placement ranged from 1 to 4 (1.5+/-0.7) d. The drainage amount was 100 to 500 (200+/-101) ml. The hospital stay ranged from 3 to 10 (3.6+/-1.2) d. The maximal diameter of the tumor ranged from 0.8 to 6.0 (3.0+/-0.7) cm. There were no surgery-related complications or deaths except the case with esophageal mucosa rupture. There were no uncomfortable complains and tumor recurrence within the follow-up period of 1 to 72 months after operation.

CONCLUSION
Video-assisted thoracoscopic leiomyoma enucleation is a safe and effective approach for esophageal leiomyoma.


A broadband Yagi–Uda antenna composed of several monopole elements is proposed. By locating the director close to the excited element and superposing the characteristics of the reflector in a lower band to those of the director in a higher band, a broadband property is obtained for both the input impedance and the unidirectional pattern. Analysis by the method of moments indicates that the Yagi–Uda antenna (type 1) composed of three monopole elements has a bandwidth of 1:1.67 for VSWR ≤ 2, 1:1.84 for

Gd/Gr ≥ 9 dB

, and more than one octave for

Gd≥8 dBi

, where

Gd

and

Gr

denote the directive gains in the front and back directions, respectively. It is also shown that the Yagi–Uda antenna (type 4) composed of five monopole elements has about one octave for a bandwidth of VSWR ≤ 2 and

Gd≥8 dBi

. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 85(1): 49–57, 2002


The focus of this issue is the meeting of two technologies: Java and cluster computing. Java technology is maturing and is becoming the technology of choice in designing server middleware and enterprise applications. The phenomenal growth of the Internet and the demand for e-commerce and business over the Web has encumbered traditional server data resources and infrastructures. Moreover, the growing demands for reliable, highly available, and scalable solutions put forward by e-commerce make the use of clusters almost a mandatory requirement in the new e-commerce setup. The term single system image (SSI ) indicates that a given set of machines (a cluster) gives the impression of a single machine. The desired situation is that an application written for one machine executes on a cluster of n machines that presents a SSI, without modifications, yielding an n-fold increase of its throughput (or runs n times faster). It would be best if such a system also were highly available. Namely, it should continue to operate even when one of the n machines (cluster node) failed. The terms SSI and cluster are used freely by various computer vendors to help market their product. We refer the reader to the book by Greg Pfister [1] for a detailed discussion of the topic. SSI is usually discussed within a given context; i.e., we can say that a certain application presents a SSI to its users while itself explicitly utilizing the cluster resources (being cluster aware). It is generally accepted that an operating system level SSI is an extremely difficult and expensive problem to solve. Java provides several technologies to support distributed computing. These technologies include Remote Method Invocation (RMI ) [2], Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) [3], JavaSpaces [5], and Jini [4]. Some of the technologies support each other while others overlap in their capabilities. A common theme for these technologies is making distributed programming a simpler task. Thus, a programmer using RMI to write a distributed program does not have to know about sockets and the like. The domain expert that develops a Bean (EJB) can concentrate on the business logic and not worry about its distributive execution at all. The support for the distribution is provided by the EJB container and the deployment tools. doi:10.1006 jpdc.2000.1648, available online at http: www.idealibrary.com on


Individual instructor consultation is a common service provided by centers focused on educational development in higher education. The importance of this service has been reflected in its history, increasing demand, and strong anecdotal evidence to its effectiveness. However, the extant literature reveals that comprehensive assessment of consultation effectiveness has proved challenging. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to (a) provide an overview of consultation and summarize the relevant work evaluating this service, and (b) propose a comprehensive process for evaluating consultation services that was piloted at one large research-intense university. The goal is to provide a systematic method for the evaluation of consultation services that can be effectively adopted by a variety of collegiate teaching and learning centers.


Grizzly Bear is a new demonstrational tool for specifying user interface behavior. It can handle multiple application windows, dynamic object instantiation and deletion, changes to any object attribute, and operations on sets of objects. It enables designers to experiment with rubber-banding, deletion by dragging to a trashcan and many other interactive techniques. To the author's best knowledge it is currently the most complete demonstrational user interface design tool that does not base its in ferencing on rule-based guessing. There are inherent limitations to the range of user interfaces that can ever be built by demonstration alone. Grizzly Bear is therefore designed to work hand-in-hand with a user interface specification language called the Elements, Events & Transitions model. As designers demonstrate behavior, they can watch Grizzly Bear incrementally build the corresponding textual specification, letting them learn the language on the fly. They can then apply their knowledge by modifying Grizzly Bear's textual inferences, which reduces the need for repetitive demonstrations and provides an escape mechanism for behavior that cannot be demonstrated.


We propose and demonstrate a novel reconfigurable wavelength-selective reflector for planar lightwave technology based on coupled microring resonators. Narrow-band reflection and strong side-lobe suppression are demonstrated in an optical polymer device using the Vernier effect


This research intends to carry out a comparative study, on the yield of hybrid and open-pollinated maize, with the involvement of farmers in Giwa local government area of Kaduna state. Specifically, it evaluated existing hybrid and open-pollinated maize production technologies by unfolding their most important socio-economic factors, by notably identifying the beneficial distinction between hybrid and open-pollinated maize, with the farm survey data collected from 160 maize farming communities in October-December 2009 for the cropping year 2009-10. Descriptive Statistics; Gross-Margin Analysis were the analytical tools employed for achieving the aim of this study. The average yield per hectare obtained by hybrid maize farmers was 2240.6Kg and 1261.04Kg for open pollinated maize respectively. Hybrid maize and open pollinated maize farmers obtained gross margin US$ 389.29 and US$195.31 per hectare respectively. Z-test was used to test the profitability of hybrid maize versus open-pollinated maize and the result revealed that hybrid maize production was more profitable and the difference was statistically significant at 1% level of significance. As most of the communities had no formal education, the extension program should be targeted to the less educated farmers. This study recommends that credit capability principally the process for obtaining loan ought to be made easy to perk up hybrid and open-pollinated maize production in the study area.


A table of formulas is presented for interrelating the coefficient systems of an isotropic solid: Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio; the Lame constants; and tensor and matrix stiffness, compliance, and planar stiffness.


Under acidic condition, tryptophan is coupled with N-( 1-naphthyl )-ethylenediamine. The azo com- pound has maximum absorption at 545 nm. 100 times serine, alanine, asparatic acid, arginine, pheny- lanaline, tyrosine, and 10 times substrate, enzyme, Co2+in the resolution process did not interfered with the coloring reaction. Metionine mainly interfered with col- oring reaction. A method for the determination of trypto- phan in the resolution process by N-( 1-naphthyl )- ethylenediamine spectrophotometry was proposed. It is suitable for detecting the resolution process of trypto- phan.


Conservatory Measures in the matter of Melvin Charles Zwaig and Zwaig Associates Inc. Directions for Conservatory Measures to the Official Receiver. (February 27, 2009).


The invention provides a burning-free non-cyaniding method for treating a waste printed circuit board. The method comprises the following steps of: sealing-off, lead and tin separation, crushing and electrostatic separation, and respective extraction of antimony, aluminum, copper, nickel, silver, gold, platinum and palladium. By the method disclosed by the invention, the maximization of valued metal resource recycling is realized, metallic lead and tin can be thoroughly separated and recovered, and at the same time the recovery rate of metallic palladium is improved.


The output power of conventional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is enhanced by 9% at 120 mA current without alterations to the existing fabrication techniques and to the multi-quantum well (MQW) junction. The output power is improved by nanotexturing the street of the n-gallium nitride (GaN) layer that was unexploited, for the enhancement of the optical or electrical properties. The nanotextured street enhances the light extraction exclusively near the street of the n-GaN layer by reducing the reflections from the LED surface. Similar light output patterns and I–V characteristics for LEDs with and without street nanotexturing were observed, confirming that the enhanced light extraction has been achieved without a change in the spatial distribution of light or in the properties of the MQW junction. A new approach for the output power enhancement of all types of existing LEDs is provided.


Abstract A potentiostat is described which has outstanding control precision, long term stability and current capacity. It has excellent frequency response, is very reliable and easily used by laboratory personnel. The ability to "scan" a pre-selected range of potentials makes it a highly effective electrochemical research tool for studying current-potential relationships, time dependent effects and polarization phenomena. Performance characteristics of this instrument include: Precision of control: ± 0.5 mv. Stability: ± 0.5 mv 10-14 day periods, ±0.1 mv 2-6 hour period. Sensitivity (i.e., potential change required to obtain 100 percent output): ± 25 microvolts. Noise and ripple: 150 microvolts RMS. Current capacity: −10 amperes and + 5 amperes at 10 volts and ± 5 amperes at ± 20 volts. Response time: 3–4 microseconds for a+5 or -10 ampere ± 10 volt pulse to reach 90 percent.


width of waveguide (interferometer) electron charge current to probe dimensionless probe current I/neu^n^ sin# ion mobility Knudsen number based on probe length path length between horns (microwave interferometer) or probe length Mach number particle mass particle density Reynolds number based on probe length dimensionless mobility ion Schmidt number fluid to probe temperature ratio freestream velocity angle of attack phase difference in radians (microwave interferometer) dielectric constant conical probe half-angle Debye length over probe length free space wavelength (microwave interferometer)


Purpose: This study is to examine the factors that are importantly considered by the middle-aged women for successful aging and to enhance the relationship between Perception for Successful Aging and Depression of Middleaged women through the analysis of this study. Methods: The survey was conducted upon the aged people between the ages of forty and fifty nine who reside in Kyunggi-Do, Korea. Two hundred four questionnaires were collected and it was analyzed by using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results: The most important factor for Perception for Successful Aging of Middle-aged women was 'The Welfare of Family', the second was 'The Health and Economy' the third was 'The Pursuing for Meaning', the fourth was 'The Moderation', the fifth was 'The Individual Growth', and the last was 'The Showing Off'. Difference of the perception for successful aging and depression according to General Characteristics were as follows. 'The Welfare of Family' was significantly different according to marital status, living together and 'The Health and Economy' was living together, houshold income. 'The Pursuing for Meaning' was significantly different according to religion, percieved health status and 'The Moderation' was living together, religion, life satisfaction. 'The Individual Growth' was significantly different according to living together, religion and 'The Showing Off' was significantly different according to religion, life satisfaction. 'Depression' was significantly different according to life satisfaction, percieved health status. The Correlation of the Perception for Successful Aging and the Depression has shown that there were negative-relation between the depression and the welfare of family, the health and economy, the pursuing for meaning, the moderation and the individual growth. Conclusion: Findings of this study that the depression of middle-aged women is significantly important factor for successful aging.


In this paper, we propose a fine-grained packet identification and control technique using a combination of commercial routers and programmable switches in existing IP networks. This technique enhances the control of existing users' communication in large-scale networks such as carrier networks, by utilizing the large amount of user-premises equipment and terminals already installed without modifying as much as possible. The packet identification in commercial routers involves not only identifying the destination address by the routing table but also filtering the arriving packets for access control. However, in large networks, the number of entries in the router can easily exceed the upper limit of the specification due to the bloated number of entries. The purpose of our proposal is to introduce programmable switches to apply fine-grained entries to specific packets roughly identified by commercial routers, thereby distributing the entries and achieving fine-grained packet identification even in large-scale networks. In our demonstration, we will target an MPLS VPN network and demonstrate how to forward packets of only specific users to P4 switches and how to flow only specific applications to high priority paths.


A novel ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for high-quality ZnO films based on zinc-ammonia solution was achieved in air. To investigate the structural and optical properties as well as the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs), ZnO films at different substrate temperatures and thicknesses were prepared. The performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) based PSC was found to be improved due to the ZnO films. The crystal structure and roughness of the ZnO films fabricated at different temperatures were found to affect the performance of PSCs. The optimized power conversion efficiency was found to be maximum for PSCs with ZnO films prepared at 200°C. The growth process of these ZnO films is very simple, cost-effective, and compatible for larger-scale PSC preparation. The precursor used for spray pyrolysis is environmentally friendly and helps to achieve ZnO film preparation at a relative low temperature.


Objective To investigate the influence of psychological intervention on treatment compliance and relapse among male patients receiving Methadone maintenance treatment. Methods Totally,200 male heroin addicts patients receiving Methadone treatment were divided into the experimental group and the control group. The patients in the control group received routine treatment and nursing care. Additionally,the patients in the experimental group received supportive psychological intervention at the first day of treatment,in the introduction period and maintenance period of treatment for 12 months. Then the escaping rates and the relapse rates in two groups were compared. Results After one year,the escaping rate and the relapse rate in experimental group were lower than those of the control group( P 0. 01). Conclusion Psychological intervention is helpful to improve the compliance of Methadone maintenance treatment,reduce escaping rate and relapse rate.


In many case, the traditional image geometric calibration method, i.e. polynomial warping will not accommodate the precision transformation required. So the least square method is often used to improve the precision. But because of the multi-relation, the calibration is not so good as expected. In this paper, the theory and experiment studies on the traditional least square method used in image calibration are carried out systematically. With regard to the diversity of image distortion, the selected variables method is applied, which smartly analyses the variables of transformation equation of different images. Through reducing the variables unnecessary, the multi-relation is reduced. Then the ridge-regression is employed, in which the biased estimation is used to solve the huge confidence interval problem that is resulted by multi-relation. The theory and experiment results show that by using this new technique, the multi-relation is reduced and the precision is improved apparently.


To increase the utility rate of machine, the sculptured surface machining method was researched to use in the spiral bevel gear tooth surface manufacturing with the industrial CNC milling machine. The three dimentional tooth surface points are required to design tool path planning in the SSM method. For obtaining the arbitrary point of tooth surface, the uniform bicubic B-spline tooth surface was reconstructed by cutting simulation and fitting programs. The discrepancies between fitted and theoretical points of tooth surface were provided with CAD/CAM platform. According to the results, the tool path planning of sculptured tooth surface machining can be designed and realized further.


Intensity is a very important characteristic of human behavior. Knowing behavior intensity you can make predictions about behavior, which can be used in a number of areas: sociology, economics etc. We present a Bayesian belief network estimating the behavior intensity based on data about last episodes of behavior. We consider the work of this model on the data about posting activity in the social network Vkontakte. The intensity rate predicted by the model and the actual intensity of users posting are compared.


High T/sub c/ superconductors, such as Bi-2223, have been promising candidates for an electrical busbar because the busbar has a relatively low self magnetic field. It has been found that the critical current of Bi-2223 stacked tapes is much less than the total summation of critical currents of each tape, which is mainly attributed to the self magnetic fields. Furthermore, since the critical current degradation of Bi-2223 tape is greater in the normal magnetic field (to the tape surface) than in the parallel one, detailed magnetic field configurations are required to reduce the self-field effects. Conceptually, by rearranging each stacked tape properly, the self field effects could be minimized. In this paper, we calculate the self field effects of a stacked conductor, defining self field factors of normal and parallel magnetic fields to the tape surface. We propose an optimum shape of octagonal structured busbar which has minimum self field effects.


In this paper, the relation between the stress on the surface of hydraulic concrete and the corresponding wear is analyzed when the hydraulic concrete was impacted by the high speed water jet with sand. The different stresses on the hydraulic concrete surface due to different impact conditions can result in different wear mechanisms. When the impact angle of the water jet is small, the shear stress on the surface plays a main role, the wear mechanism is graze, similar to the wear of plastics. In this case the wear is slight and can be described by a proper mathematical mode. With the increase of the impact angle of the water jet,the tensile stress on the surface gradually takes the main role, and the wear presents finally the indentation damage mechanism as in brittle materials, and the wear process is more complex,resulting in serious wear.


The creation of temporary spaces for film and the practice of interior design for permanent spaces are in many ways intersect as both have the power to reformulate the space and make it habitable for its user. The interaction has shaped many interior design schools to take the film as a multidisciplinary subject as it could conveniently contribute to theoretical studies and creative thinking skills. The circumstance led this paper to find its rationale. Can films be used as design references for interior design education? Are scenography design for film and interior design projects use a similar design process to execute its narrative? This study explores the similarities of the design development process between the two disciplines. Using literature research, analysis studies, and case studies of the film, The Ghost in the Shell, this paper explores the similarities of design development focusing on theory and realism.


Cross frequency coupling (CFC) is emerging as a fundamental feature of brain activity, correlated with brain function and dysfunction. Many different types of CFC have been identified through application of numerous data analysis methods, each developed to characterize a specific CFC type. Choosing an inappropriate method weakens statistical power and introduces opportunities for confounding effects. To address this, we propose a statistical modeling framework to estimate high frequency amplitude as a function of both the low frequency amplitude and low frequency phase; the result is a measure of phase-amplitude coupling that accounts for changes in the low frequency amplitude. We show in simulations that the proposed method successfully detects CFC between the low frequency phase or amplitude and the high frequency amplitude, and outperforms an existing method in biologically-motivated examples. Applying the method to in vivo data, we illustrate how CFC evolves during seizures and is affected by electrical stimuli.


Henry David Thoreau's Walden shows readers not only a lot of picturesque scenery but also a kind of optimistic and active spirit that includes simple and plain life,cultivating temperament and returning to nature.This spirit is just advocated in Chinese Buddhism.Therefore,certain Buddhism thought is embodied in Thoreau's Walden.This paper will analyze this cultural mixture between the work's theme and Buddhist thought from the following two aspects.The first one is simplifying life and seeking life's true meaning.The other one is cultivating temperament and returning to nature.The work Walden and Buddhism have the same result in purifying readers' souls and recovering man's spirit.This work makes readers try to seek spiritual purity in the noisy and secular world in order to return to human being's nature.


The internal defect detection of magnetic tile is extremely significant before mounting. Currently, this task is completely realized by manual operation in the magnetic tile manufacturing industry, which results in inefficiency and diseconomy. In this work, we develop an intelligent system based on the acoustic sound for internal defect detection of magnetic tile to overcome these drawbacks. Due to the non-Gaussian and non-stationary characteristics of the acoustic sound, adopting the single modality of the data for internal defect detection of magnetic tile cannot achieve good accuracy. Therefore, we design a multimodal fusion convolutional neural network (MMFCNN) for internal defect detection of magnetic tile. We train the network in an end-to-end way. Our proposed MMFCNN consists of three blocks, i.e., feature extraction block, feature fusion block and internal defect detection block, whose purposes are to extract features from generated modal data, fuse multimodal feature maps and analyze whether the magnetic tile has internal defects, respectively. Moreover, to realize the information interaction and emphasize more representative information at feature extraction stage, we propose a novel attention mechanism, i.e., cross-attention mechanism. Extensive experimental results demonstrate our proposed MMFCNN is effective for internal defect detection of magnetic tile. Our code is available at https://github.com/Clarkxielf/Multimodal-Fusion-Convolutional-Neural-Network-for-Internal-Defect-Detection-of-Magnetic-Tile.


Review(s) of: Mineral Deposits of New Zealand - Monograph 13 - a Collection of Papers Summarising the Results of Mineral Exploration in New Zealand 1974-1987, Edited by David Rear, Published by the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1989.


Dependency Injection (DI) is a prevalent technique employed in software systems. By delegating the dependency provision to an independent agent (i.e., a DI framework), developers often benefit from high-modular components. However, the misuse of the DI technique leads to higher maintenance efforts. As the literature presents no comprehensive characterization of bad DI implementation practices, we put forth an investigation that led to the proposition and evaluation of a novel catalog of DI anti-patterns and refactorings. The proposed anti-patterns appear frequently in both open-source and industry projects. Furthermore, practitioners confirm the relevance and usefulness of the catalog.


This study aimed to evaluate the 2013 food plant seed breeding training program that adopts Kirk Patrick's approach by using four levels of evaluation stages, namely Reaction Evaluating, Learning Evaluating, Behavior Evaluating, and Results Evaluating. This study was qualitative descriptive. The research informant was the Head of the Food and Horticultural Plant Seed Development Unit of West Kalimantan Province. The training participants were represented by 7 Heads of Seed Garden Installation, one committee, one instructor as a training facilitator, as well as one farmer breeder who did not participate in the training program. Data collection was carried out through observation and in-deft interview techniques with the informants. The results of descriptive analysis showed that the policy context concerning the objectives to be achieved and the program was considered clear according to the majority of informants and also running well. At the Reaction Stage, most of the informants admitted that the time given was too limited: however, the participants were satisfied with the atmosphere of the Food Plant Seed breeding training activities, the instructor was considered to be competent and mastered the learning media so that he was able to motivate the participants to be active in learning, the committee had also worked optimally. At the Learning Stage, the learning method was presented interestingly yet the participants were not yet fully skillful. At the Behavior Stage, the majority of informants from the participants' group acknowledged that there had been a change in behavior which was shown by the improvement of skills after participating in the Food Plant Seed breeding training program. Finally, at the Yield Stage, after a few months of participating in the breeding training of these food crop seeds, there had been a change in production even though has not been able to exceed the production yield of the breeding farmers who did not participate in the breeding training program of these food crop seeds.


This article explores deeper into the trace of Rosetta Sherwood Hall who was a female medical missionary from a Methodist Church in the United States. She had an important bearing on women in late Chosen dynasty under male-oriented patriarchal social climate. This article will focus on Rosetta Hall"s influence on the education for Chosen"s women with christianity. In spite of the male oriented patriarchal social circumstance in late Chosen dynasty where most women were ignored by people in general, she devoted herself to educating and curing Chosen women. Ms. Hall`s spirit of self sacrifice and her brilliant exploits to Chosen women can be summarized greatly three parts as followings. First, Ms. Hall had influenced Kim Jumdong(Park Esther) became the first woman medical doctor in Chosen. Second, she built Kwang Hye Nyo Won, a women's dispensary at Pyong Yang and then introduced braille from the U. S. for the blind girls. For the first time, she built school for the blind and made blind women be teachers. Third, first of all, she taught Chosen women medical skills at Chosen Women`s Medical School which she established because she thought that medical problems of Korean women should be treated by Korean women themselves. She dedicated her whole life to carrying out the ministry of the Gospel by medical activities.


A method is described for fabricating photonic crystal slabs, using a combination of laser interference lithography for generating a regular periodic structure (the crystal lattice), and focused ion beam-assisted deposition for defining defects in this lattice, which may act as waveguides or resonators. As an example, results will be shown of a photonic crystal slab with a line defect in silicon nitride.


ABSTRACT The goal of the present study was to explore Primary Education students' views on their involvement in a three pedagogical models' hybridization (Health-Based Physical Education, Cooperative Learning and Sport Education) based on their common features, links and frameworks (e.g. the influence of the models in the students' basic psychological needs or motivation), as well as their limitations. A total of 115 year-5 and year-6 students (46.09% girls; aged 10–13 years), enrolled in one school in central Spain, agreed to participate. They all experienced the same 'Edu-CrossFit' learning unit (13 lessons, 45 min/each). One teacher-researcher, with more than six years of previous experience on pedagogical models, implemented the learning unit. The study followed a qualitative methodology, and four group interviews (one from each participating class) were conducted at the end of the intervention programme. From the students' responses, and to facilitate the understanding and soundness of the data analysed, four main themes emerged: (a) 'Am I allowed to behave autonomously?': students' views on how to deal with it'; (b) Students' views on cooperating and relating with partners; (c) Students' feelings on their competence and motivation; and (d) 'Not only movers, but informed and habitual movers': building students' active identities. In conclusion, the participating students acknowledged that they had learned to become more autonomous, competent and motivated, to build new relationships and to develop an active identity. A longer-term unit would allow the teacher to know students better and to ensure the consolidation of students' learnings. Therefore, despite some limitations, this hybridization can contribute to shaping habitual, motivated, critical and informed movers.


Objective Turnet syndrome has various clinical manifestations of gonadal disgensis.To analyze the association between various chromosome karyotypes of Turner Syndrome and their clinic characteristics.Methods Mid-trimester amniocentesis was used to analyze fetal chromosomes in high-risk pregnant women. Adult blood drawing and culturing were used to analyze chromosomes in the patients.Results There were 9 cases of Turner Syndrome in the prenatal diagnostic samples and 37 cases of Turner Syndrome in adult samples. Among these Turner Syndrome patients, there were 25 cases of 45,X (54.35% of the total Turner Syndrome); 4 cases of mosaic 45,X/46,XX (8.70% of the total Turner Syndrome); 3 cases of mosaic 45,X/46,X,i(X) (6.52% of the total Turner Syndrome); 2 cases of 46,X,i(X) (4.35% of the total Turner Syndrome); 2 cases of 46,XX,inv(X)(4.35% of the total Turner Syndrome); 7 cases of 46,XY (15.22% of the total Turner Syndrome); 1 case of 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX, 1 case of 46,XX, t(X;3) and 1 case of 45,X/46,XX,del(X) (2.17% of the total Turner Syndrome).Conclusion To reduce the birth of Turner Syndrome fetus, appropriate techniques should be used to screen fetal chromosomes during gestation weeks in high-risk pregnant women.


Conventional finite element method is continually used for the flaw evaluation of pipe structures to investigate the fitness-for-service for power plant components, however, it is generally time consuming to make a model of specific crack configuration. The consideration of a propagating surface crack is further accentuated since the crack propagation behavior along the crack front is implicitly affected by the distribution of the crack driving force along the crack front. The authors developed a system to conduct crack propagation analysis by use of the three-dimensional elastic-plastic extended finite element method. It was applied to simulate ductile crack propagation of circumferentially surface cracks in pipe structures and could realize the simultaneous calculation of the J-integral and the consequent ductile crack propagation. Both the crack extension and the possible change of crack shape were evaluated by the developed system.


Seismic data interpolation is an essential procedure in seismic data processing. However, conventional interpolation methods may generate inaccurate results due to the simplicity of assumptions, such as linear events or sparsity. On the contrary, deep learning trains a deep neural network with a large dataset without relying on predefined assumptions. However, the lack of physical prior in the traditional pure data-driven deep learning frameworks may cause low generalization for different sampling patterns. Inspired by the project onto convex sets (POCS) framework, a new neural network is proposed for seismic interpolation, named POCS-Net. The forward Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, and the threshold parameter in POCS are replaced by neural networks that are independent in different iterations. The threshold is trainable in POCS-Net rather than manually set. A nonnegative constraint is imposed on the threshold to make it consistent with traditional POCS. POCS-Net is essentially an end-to-end neural network with priors of sampling pattern and a pre-defined iterative framework. Numerical results on 3D synthetic and field seismic datasets demonstrate the superiority of reconstruction accuracy of the proposed method compared to the traditional and natural image-learned POCS methods.


Received: 07/02/20 Accepted: 08/07/20 Abstract Objective: To identify and characterize the actions/interventions carried out by pharmaceutical services to approach patients with Hepatitis C and propose a clinical pathway for managing the disease that involves pharmacists. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE using the terms "Hepatitis C," "Pharmaceutical Services," "Community Pharmacy Services," and "Pharmacies." Articles published until March 31, 2019, whose central topic was the activities carried out by the pharmaceutical services in the care of patients with Hepatitis C, were included. Information on the activity performed, the person in charge, whether the intervention was individual or collective, and the implementation environment was collected. The activities were grouped into promotion and prevention, administrative management, pharmaceutical care, research, and other support services. Based on the above, a clinical pathway for the management of Hepatitis C involving pharmacists was proposed. Results: Sixty articles were included, mainly descriptive studies. Most publications reported interventions in the United States and Spain. Pharmaceutical staff involvement was identified at each stage of the care process, including the provision of harm reduction services, Hepatitis C virus screening, enrolling patients to treatment, medication prescription, and laboratory orders. Conclusions: The actions/interventions carried out by the pharmaceutical service for Hepatitis C management were identified and characterized. A clinical pathway has been proposed to integrate professional pharmaceutical services with other patient care activities.


In recent years β-amino acids have increased their importance enormously in defining secondary structures of β-peptides. Interest in β-amino acids raises the question: Why and how did nature choose α-amino acids for the central role in life? In this article we present experimental results of MS and 31P NMR methods on the chemical behavior of N-phosphorylated α-alanine, β-alanine, and γ-amino butyric acid in different solvents. N-Phosphoryl α-alanine can self-assemble to N-phosphopeptides either in water or in organic solvents, while no assembly was observed for β- or γ-amino acids. An intramolecular carboxylic–phosphoric mixed anhydride (IMCPA) is the key structure responsible for their chemical behaviors. Relative energies and solvent effects of three isomers of IMCPA derived from α-alanine (2a–c), with five-membered ring, and five isomers of IMCPA derived from β-alanine (4a–e), with six-membered ring, were calculated with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G** level. The lower relative energy (3.2 kcal/mol in water) of 2b and lower energy barrier for its formation (16.7 kcal/mol in water) are responsible for the peptide formation from N-phosphoryl α-alanine. Both experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the structural difference among α-, β-, and γ-amino acids can be recognized by formation of IMCPA after N-phosphorylation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 94: 232–241, 2003


On example about two novels «Doctor Zhiavago» by B. Pasternak and «A tale of two cities» by Ch. Dickens there is examining a question about artistic structure of these works that is dictated by address of writers to historical important events, and in details to epoch of French Revolution 1789-1793 and time of Revolutions and Civil War in Russia.


An active electrode (AE) for vital signal acquisition with accurately-tunable Sub-Hz high-pass-corner frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{HP}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) has been proposed. Thanks to the proposed PVT-insensitive pseudo-resistor (PR) with embedded calibration circuit, the sub-Hz <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{HP}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the AE can be accurately tuned by an external clock frequency. The AE is implemented in a standard 55nm CMOS process with a core area of 0.11 mm2. The post-layout simulation results show that up to 310 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{G}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the PR value can be achieved. Compared with the conventional PR, the variation of the calibrated PR value is reduced by 3 decades within a temperature range of 0 to 85°C under all process corners. Besides, the bootstrap technique improves the linear-input-range of the AE up to 164 mVpp, demonstrating its potential capability to be applied to recording vital signals merged with large artifacts.


Boom sprayer is one of widely machinery used for large farmland plant protection.To this end,both at home and abroad on the basis of the study,leveraged against jet spray machine and spray-nozzle system,wind-assisted spray systems,spray systems and the rate of instruction zoster spray several aspects in the design and use of the process common problems in a brief exposition of the jet spray machine leveraged to provide reference for the study.


This paper surveys the empirical literature on corruption in Southeast Asia with a focus on the methodological approach that the contributions take to identify the extent, determinants, and consequences of corruption and the remedies against it. We present the major topics that empirical corruption research has focused on and point out the methodological challenges that this line of research has to address. We discuss the empirical corruption studies on Southeast Asia and describe the empirical approach that they have taken.


Process for the treatment of water from bentonite sludge. # Process for the treatment of water from bentonite sludge comprising the stages of bubbling in a column of CO {sub, 2} and sedimentation as defined in the description.


SUMMARY The experiment included three treatments: T1 - com silage plus concentrate plus urea; T2 - corn silage (70%) plus faded oats silage (Avena strigosa Screb.) (30%) plus concentrate plus urea and T3- com silage (40%) plus faded oats silage (60%) plus concentrate. The concentrate composition was the same for the three treatments and average quantities used in the diets were the following: 31.55; 33.34 and 32.28% for T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Urea was added to T1 and T2 in order to maintain the treatments with the same nitrogen levei (12% of crude protein). Eightheen Canchin steers, 24 months old, with 377kg initial weight were used. All the animais were kept under confined conditions during 84 days, with an adaptation period of 39 days. The average daily weight gain was 1.05; 0.87 and 0.85kg for T1, T2 and T3 (P > 0.20468), respectively. The average daily dry matter intake was 9.54; 0.50 and 8.67kg (P > 0.18363) and feed conversion was 9.77; 11.36 and 10.62 for T1, T2 and T3 (P > 0.05), respectively. The addition of faded oats silage did not affect significantiy the variables studied.


Reading is perceived to be one of the essential competencies for current age, regarding phenomena of globalization, informatization, knowledge-based society or life-long development of people. Attitudes toward reading are shaped in early childhood. It seems to be crucial to explore effectively children´s attitudes toward reading, using suitable instruments and design them according to children´s age and level of maturity. Using customized designs of research instruments, it is possible to obtain relevant information and accordingly build effective strategies in education. Presented article deals with these issues and is based upon case study of particular questionnaire survey between early readers.


N-methylglycine methyl ester (sarcosine-Me) has been studied by matrix isolation FT-IR spectroscopy and molecular orbital calculations undertaken at the DFT/B3LYP and MP2 levels of theory with the 6-311þþG(d,p) and 6-31þþG(d,p) basis set, respectively. Twelve different conformers were located in the potential energy surface of the studied compound, with the ASC conformer being the ground conformational state. This form is analogous to the dimethylglycine methyl ester most stable conformer and is characterized by a NH· · ·Oy intramolecular hydrogen bond; in this form, the ester group assumes the cis configuration and the OyC–C–N and Lp-N–C–C (where Lp is the nitrogen lone electron pair) dihedral angles are ca. 217.8 and 171.38, respectively. The second most stable conformer (GSC) differs from the ASC conformer essentially in the conformation assumed by the methylamino group, which in this case is gauche (Lp-N–C–C dihedral angle equal to 79.48). On the other hand, the third most stable conformer (AAC) differs from the most stable form in the conformation of the OyC–C–N axis (151.48). These three forms were predicted to differ in energy by less than ca. 5 kJ mol and represent <95% of the total conformational population at room temperature. FT-IR spectra were obtained for sarcosine-Me isolated in argon matrices ðT 1⁄4 9 KÞ revealing the presence in the matrices of the three lowest energy conformers predicted by the calculations. The matrices were prepared by deposition of the vapour of the compound using two different nozzle temperatures, 25 and 60 8C. The relative populations of the three conformers trapped in the matrices were found to be consistent with occurrence of conformational cooling during matrix deposition and with a stabilization of the most polar GSC and AAC conformers in the matrices compared to the gas phase. Indeed, like it was previously observed for the methyl ester of dimethylglycine [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 (2003) 52] the different strength of the interactions between the conformers and the matrix environment seem to lead to a change in the relative order of stabilities of GSC and ASC upon going from the gas phase to the matrices, with the first conformer becoming the conformational ground state in the latter media. The assignment of the bands observed in the matrix spectra to the three experimentally observed conformers of sarcosine-Me is presented and discussed. q 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


SUMMARY
Twenty-two compounds in the volatile fraction of glucose caramel were separated and identified. The material of the neutral volatile fraction for gas chromatography was prepared by the adsorption method on an active charcoal, and separation of the volatile acids by appropriate pH adjustment, steam distillation, and extraction.

The volatile compounds tentatively identified on the basis of their retention data included 2 furan compounds, 2 alcohols, 11 carbonyl compounds, and 7 fatty acids. In addition, 6 peaks in the neutral fraction and 1 peak in the acidic fraction were found but not identified.


Multifrequency, high-resolution radio observations of the quasar 3C 254 using the Multi-Element Radio-linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN) are presented. The quasar has a highly asymmetric radio structure, with the eastern component of the double-lobed structure being much closer to the nucleus and significantly less polarized than the western one. However, the two lobes are more symmetric in their total flux densities. The observations show the detailed structure of the hotspots which are very different on opposite sides of the radio core, reveal no radio jet and suggest that the oppositely directed jets may be intrinsically asymmetric.


In this study, floristical investigations on members of Marchantiophyta in West Tian Shan Mountains were carried out. In this study, 323 liverwort specimens were collected in West Tian Shan Mountains of Xin Jiang, China, between 2012-2015. After identification of specimens' 41 liverwort (Marchantiophyta) taxa belonging 17 families and 21 genera are reported. The habitat types of the species identified and the specimen numbers belonging to these habitat types were determined. The ratios of the specimen numbers of each habitat type to the total number of specimens were calculated. According to this, 142 of 323 samples were collected from "dead tree logs". These samples comprise 43.61% of all the samples collected. Of the other specimens 95 were collected (29.60%) from "rocks", 51 (15.89%) from "soil", 23 (7.16%) from "trees", 11 (3.43%) from "wet soil" and 1 (0.31%) from "wet rock". In terms of species number, Lophoziaceae, with 8 species is the richest family in this area. The species ratio of the Lophoziaceae family and others is 19.51%. The other two families with the highest number of species are Aneuraceae and Scapaniaceae with 4 species, and the rate of these families to other families at the study area is 9.76%.


Formative classroom assessments are those formal and informal moves teachers make in order to make inferences about what their students know and can do, and are meant to benefit the learning process through feedback and adjustments to classroom teaching. The ability to recognize and address errors in students' thinking through the use of formative assessment makes formative classroom assessment literacy extremely important. Studies have identified huge gaps in formative assessment literacy for K-12 CS teachers. This paper describes the design of a 4-session K-12 CS teacher PD module 'Formative Classroom Assessment for Teachers' (FCAT) focusing on developing teachers' formative assessment literacy. The sessions cover the need for formative assessment, elements of good formative assessment, and how to design them based on K-12 CS learning goals and known student difficulties and misconceptions along with examples.We piloted FCAT and also conducted sessions on specific modules at CSTA reaching ~500 participants. In addition to rationale and design of FCAT, this poster will share teacher feedback on the FCAT module which was overwhelmingly positive and also helped us identify future improvements to FCAT.


The present research paper proposes an extension of the classical scalar Auto-Regressive Moving-Average (ARMA) model to real-valued Riemannian matrix manifolds. The resulting ARMA model on matrix manifolds is expressed as a non-linear discrete-time dynamical system in state-space form whose state evolves on the tangent bundle associated with the underlying manifold. A number of examples are discussed within the present contribution that aim at illustrating the numerical behavior of the proposed ARMA model. In order to measure the degree of temporal dependency between the state-values of the ARMA model, an extension of the classical autocorrelation function for scalar sequences is suggested on the basis of the geometrical features of the underlying real-valued matrix manifold.


In this work, we study how the large-scale pretrain-finetune framework changes the behavior of a neural language generator. We focus on the transformer encoder-decoder model for the open-domain dialogue response generation task. We find that after standard fine-tuning, the model \textit{forgets} important language generation skills acquired during large-scale pre-training. We demonstrate the forgetting phenomenon through a set of detailed behavior analysis from the perspectives of context sensitivity, knowledge transfer, and function space projection. Adopting the concept of data mixing, we propose an intuitive fine-tuning strategy named "mix-review". We find that mix-review effectively regularize the fine-tuning process, and the forgetting problem is largely alleviated. Finally, we discuss interesting behavior of the resulting dialogue model and its implications.


Our aim in this note is to discuss thc weak boundcdncss of thc maximal and generalized Ricsz potential opcrators in thc non‐homogeneous central Morrcy type spacc \mathbb{J}I^{1q,\nu}(R^{\gamma\iota}) of all measurable functions f on R^{rt} satisfying \Vert f\Vert_{\lambda f^{1qv}(R^{n})}=(\int_{1}^{\infty}(r^{-\nu}\Vert f\Vert_ {L^{1}(B(0,\tau))})^{q}\frac{dr}{r})^{1/q}<\infty for -\infty<v<\infty and 0<q\leq\infty ; when q=\infty , we apply a necessary modification. To do this, wc consider thc family WM^{p,q,\nu}(R") of all functions f\in L_{foc}^{p}(R^{71}) such that \Vert f\Vert_{Wf_{1}J^{p.q.\nu}(R^{??})}=\sup_{\lambda\cdot 0}\int_{1} ^{\infty}(r^{-\nu}\lambda|\{x\in B(0, r):|f(x)|>\lambda\}|^{{\imath}/p})^{q} \frac{dr}{r}<\infty, where 1\leq p\leq\infty.


: In day to day life home appliances have important role to make easy life style of human being. Electrical home appliances continuously under use in every day, saving of electrical energy is very much essential now a day, also due to continuous use of home appliances and load power, failure rate of devices increases so it's necessary to avoid damage to the devices. This paper described the simulation for controlling and monitoring of home appliances by using Metlab software. It consists of single phase AC voltage regulator, TRIAC, controller and load. Speed can be controlled by changing firing angle, if firing angle changes from o 0 to 180 0 according to that speed of device such as fan vary from maximum to minimum and speed has been controlled. Simulation also consist of programming for controller having different sensors such as Temperature, Vibration, Noise, Voltage, Current, if any value of sensor parameter exceeds the reference value, controller will cut the voltage and current supply to the load. Controller monitor the fault occurs due to increase values of sensor parameter above the set or reference value and it will cut the load, so it avoid further damage to the devices. So both speed control and fault monitoring helps the devices to operate smoothly and detect early failure of device to avoid more damage to the devices, this information important for maintenance and product support for future improvement in quality of device.


In this work we relate the deterministic complexity of factoring polynomials (over finite fields) to certain combinatorial objects, we call m-schemes, that are generalizations of permutation groups. We design a new generalization of the known conditional deterministic subexponential time polynomial factoring algorithm to get an underlying m-scheme. We then demonstrate how progress in understanding m-schemes relate to improvements in the deterministic complexity of factoring polynomials, assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH).
 In particular, we give the first deterministic polynomial time algorithm (assuming GRH) to find a nontrivial factor of a polynomial of prime degree n where (n-1) is a constant-smooth number. We use a structural theorem about association schemes on a prime number of points, which Hanaki and Uno (2006) proved by representation theory methods.


In order to investigate the transfer efficiency of nicotine from cigarette to mainstream smoke(MS) and sidestream smoke(SS), the nicotine in MS, SS and cut filler in reference cigarettes injected with different volumes of nicotine were determined. The results showed that the average transfer efficiencies of nicotine from cigarette to MS and SS were 9.97% and 33.42%, respectively. For cigarettes with nicotine deliveries in the range of 8.25-20.23mg per cigarette, the nicotine content in MS or SS was linearly correlated with that in cigarette.


Aboriginal communities are increasingly turning toward aboriginal tourism development to diversify their economic base, validate their claims related to proprietary rights over traditional lands and re-connect youth with elders and the community to their land and their culture. Oftentimes, these development initiatives are tied to broader community development goals, yet the success of the tourism project is generally measured by its market readiness, revenue generation and job creation. The purpose of this article is to provide insight into the breadth of aboriginal community development benefits from tourism development through a review of literature of selected international case studies on aboriginal tourism development. Framing our approach is Bell's typology of aboriginal community development that is conceptualized as consisting of five dimensions that include community empowerment, community wellness, community economic development, community learning and community stewardship [Bell, M. (1999). The changing face of community development in the north: From the power paradigm to the spirit paradigm. Yellowknife, NWT: Inukshuk Management Consultants]. The analysis provided insight into how aboriginal tourism initiatives benefit broader community development dimensions beyond the economic and that to develop tourism that extends its benefits to the community, issues that relate to community empowerment, wellness and healing and stewardship should be addressed.


Exhaust heat from gas turbines can be recovered externally or internally to the cycle itself [14]. Of the various technology options for external heat recovery, the combined gas–steam power plant is by far the most effective and commonly used worldwide. For internal heat recovery, conventional designs are based on thermodynamic regeneration and steam injection, while innovative solutions rely on humid air regeneration and steam reforming of fuel.


Circumstances surrounding the 1997 city dissolution vote in Miami were ideal for establishing a metropolitan government, based on arguments from the traditional urban politics literature. Yet it did not happen. How did the issue make it onto the public agenda but fail to be adopted? The author argues that changes in metropolitan governance need to be understood as the outcomes of an agenda-setting process and not solely based on the distribution of winners and losers, as suggested by the public-choice/metropolitan reform literature. The Miami case clearly illustrates the importance of focusing events, a skilled policy entrepreneur, and timing of events as interest fades and the window of opportunity closes. It also illustrates the power of a policy image to trigger emotional attachments that can mobilize inattentive publics.


Currently, many children spending more time to watch the television and playing the gadget which might influence their social development. Social development could be developed optimally through several playing activities, such as education game snakes and ladders. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational game snakes and ladders to social development of pre-school aged children. This study used one group pretest post-test design. This study was held at Sukorejo Wedi Kindergarten. A total 36 population of preschool aged children (60-72 months) and sample as many as 16 children. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with participants received intervention educational game snakes and ladders. The data before and after intervention were collected using questionnaires. Then, the data analysed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Our findings showed the average pre-test and post-test score on social development was 7.31 and 9.06, respectively. The results of statistical test showed 0.000. There is influence of educational game snakes and ladders towards social development of preschool aged children.


Epigenome deregulation in cancer cells affects transcription of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. BET Bromodomain proteins recognize chromatin modifications and act as epigenetic readers contributing to gene transcription. BET Bromodomain inhibitors showed promising pre-clinical activity in hematological and solid tumors and are currently in phase I studies. The mechanism of action and relevant affected genes are not fully characterized and there are no established response predictors. We have shown activity of BET Bromodomain OTX015 in lymphoma cell lines (ASH 2012; ICML 2013). This study aimed at elucidating pathways and genes affecting response/resistance to BET Bromodomain inhibitors in lymphomas.

Methods Baseline gene expression profiles (GEP) were obtained in 38 cell lines [22 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 8 anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, 4 mantle cell lymphoma, 3 splenic marginal zone lymphoma, 1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia] with Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip. Genetic and biologic information were collected from literature. GEP/IC50 correlation (ASH 2012; ICML 2013) was assessed by Pearson correlation. Associations in two-way tables were tested for statistical significance using either chi-square or Fisher exact test, as appropriate. Differential expression analysis was performed using LIMMA, followed by multiple test correction using the BH method. Enrichment of functionally-related genes was evaluated by GSEA. For combination studies, 3 germinal center B-cell (GCB) and 2 activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL were exposed to increasing doses of OTX015 alone or in combination with increasing doses of targeted agents for 72 hours, followed by MTT assay. Synergy was assessed by Chou-Talalay combination index (CI) with Synergy R package.

Results Transcripts associated with resistance to OTX015 were significantly enriched of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, chromatin structure, early B-cell development, E2F/E2F2 target genes, IL6-dependent genes, and mRNA processing. Conversely, transcripts associated with OTX015 sensitivity were enriched of hypoxia-regulated genes, interferon target genes, STAT3 targets, and involved in glucose metabolism. Genes associated with OTX015 sensitivity included LDHA, PGK1 (glucose metabolism) and VEGFA (hypoxia), while BCL2L1/BCLXL, BIRC5/survivin (anti-apoptosis), ERCC1 (DNA repair), TAF1A and BRD7 (transcription regulation) were correlated with reduced sensitivity.

GEP identified 50 transcripts differentially expressed, including IL6, HCK, SGK1, MARCH1 and TRAFD1, between cells undergoing or not apoptosis after OTX015 exposure. GSEA showed significant enrichment of genes involved in IL-10 signaling pathway. While there was no association between response to OTX015<500nM and presence of translocated MYC, analysis of genetic and biologic features identified the ABC phenotype (P=.008) and presence of concomitant somatic mutations in MYD88 and CD79B or CARD11 genes and wild type TP53 (P=.027) as associated with apoptosis. Based on these observations and since mutated MYD88 interacts with BTK and MYD88/CD79B mutations have been associated with clinical responses with the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib, we evaluated OTX015 combination with this compound. Synergy was observed in particular in ABC-DLBCL with a median CI of .04 (range .02-.1). The demonstrated down-regulation of the MYD88/JAK/STAT pathway after OTX015 treatment, as shown by additional GEP, highlighted the importance of this pathway for OTX015 activity. Other targeted agents (everolimus, lenalidomide, rituximab, decitabine, vorinostat) appeared to synergize with OTX015 ([Fig 1][1]). The mTOR inhibitor everolimus presented a very strong synergism with a median CI of .11 (.1-.2), in accordance with the association between OTX015 sensitivity to high glucose metabolism and high levels of SGK1 in cells undergoing apoptosis.

![Figure 1.][2]

Figure 1.
OTX015 combinations in DLBCL cell lines showing additive effect or synergism in most instances. Y-axis: CI<0.3, strong synergism; 0.3-0.9, synergism; 0.9-1.1 additive effect. X-axis: drugs combined with OTX015 in GCB (1 DOHH2; 2 Karpas422; 3 SUDHL6) and ABC-DLBCL (4 U2932; 5 TMD8).

Conclusions Our study identified genetic mechanisms contributing to the response to BET Bromodomain inhibitors and promising combination schemes, such as OTX015/everolimus, to be further investigated.

Disclosures: Stathis: Oncoethix: [NCT01713582][3] PI Other. Herait: Oncoethix: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Noel: Oncoethix: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Inghirami: Oncoethix: Research Funding. Bertoni: Oncoethix: Research Funding.

 [1]: #F1
 [2]: pending:yes
 [3]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01713582&atom=%2Fbloodjournal%2F122%2F21%2F3070.atom


Poverty problem concerns ecological environment Ecological problem has been the main problem of existence and development of the countryside in the northwest Based on the analysis of the major features of poverty in the rural areas in the Northwest at the new stage and the reason for poverty is ecological worsening,the article analyzes the crux of poverty reduction planting trees and grass,changing eco-logical environment and continuing with development.It also puts forward the measures on ecological improvement and points out that the quality improvement of human resources in the poverty-stricken areas is the core of poverty reduction and ecological improvement at the new stage.It advises using the new system to attract farmers and herdsmen in the northwest to take part in ecological improvement to improve the living conditions.


This paper introduces some new approaches toward the optimal design of groundwater remediation systems or any other engineered systems. These new approaches primarily consist of making use of solutions that are tested and then discarded in traditional, and even some contemporary, optimization algorithms.


A 60-year-old known hypertensive man developed a massive left parietal cerebral cyst producing a mass effect, following a stroke. Aspiration of the cyst through a burr hole was effective treatment. Though cerebral cysts may occur after hypertensive stroke, large cysts causing mass effect are rare. – 4 A 60-year-old man with systemic hypertension presented with deteriorating level of consciousness, increasing right-sided weakness, aphasia and inability to walk for 2 months. He also had faecal and urinary incontinence. Twelve months prior to presentation he suffered a stroke and was unconscious for 24 h, but recovered with only mild weakness of the right side of the body. There was no history of close contact with animals and no history of easy bleeding or trauma. Physical examination showed no pallor and a temperature of 36.38C. Pulse rate was 70/min and blood pressure 160/100 mmHg. Glasgow coma score was 13 (eye opening 4, verbal response 3, motor response 6), and there was right hemiparesis with power of grade 3/5 in all muscle groups in the right upper and lower limbs. The deep tendon reflexes were brisk on the right side. The pupils were equal and reacted normally to light. There was nominal aphasia. Other examinations were normal. Complete blood count, blood sugar serum electrolytes and urea were normal. CT of the brain showed a left parietal intracerebral cyst, which did not enhance with contrast (Fig. 1). A left parietal burr hole was performed under local anaesthesia and 150 ml of slightly xanthochromic fluid, under pressure was aspirated from the cyst. Microscopy of the fluid showed 3 white cells/mm and culture was sterile. Postoperatively, the hemiparesis and aphasia improved and the patient was fully conscious and fully ambulant by the seventh day. A planned cystoperitoneal shunt was deferred as the patient's neurological deficits had completely resolved. Repeat CT of the brain showed a small residual cyst, but FIG. 1. The large left parietal intracerebral cyst.