Therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure seems to increase weight compared with placebo‐continuous positive airway pressure. It is not known whether weight gain with therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure dose is dependent or whether it causes metabolic dysfunction. Data synthesis of three randomised placebo‐continuous positive airway pressure‐controlled trials (2–3 months) was performed to test whether there is a dose‐dependent effect of continuous positive airway pressure on weight. Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment), lipids and visceral abdominal fat were also tested to determine any effect on metabolic function. Mixed‐model analysis of variance was used to quantify these effects. One‐hundred and twenty‐eight patients were analysed. Overall there was a small increase in weight with therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure use compared with placebo‐continuous positive airway pressure (difference: 1.17 kg; 0.37–1.97, p = 0.005), which was greater with high‐use therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure compared with high‐use placebo‐continuous positive airway pressure (1.45 kg; 0.10–2.80, p = 0.04). Continuous positive airway pressure use as a continuous variable was also significantly associated with weight change in continuous positive airway pressure users (0.30 kg hr−1 night−1; 0.04–0.56, p = 0.001), but not in placebo users (0.04 kg hr−1 night−1; −0.22 to 0.26, p = 0.76). Neither therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure nor the dose of therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure caused any changes to metabolic outcomes. The weight gain effects of medium‐term therapeutic‐continuous positive airway pressure appear modest and are not accompanied by any adverse metabolic effects.


ABSTRACT More than a decade since the Cronulla Riots, it could be argued that we are none the wiser about what they meant. Frequently evoked in public discourse, 'Cronulla' has become a benchmark for the worst of Australian society (whether that is seen as racism or multiculturalism). This paper reflects upon the representation of the Riots to explore three key ideas. First, we need to think about Cronulla through an exploration of the situated processes of social memory. There is no single 'meaning' of the Riots. In fact, the symbolic place of 'Cronulla' in public discourse is a contested space in which competing interests, processes and perspectives are at stake. Second, social memory is a complex and dispersed architecture of remembering and forgetting, but analysis typically focuses on the institutional and collective dimensions of social memory at the expense of other domains. Third, and drawing on some of the theoretical literature, we explore a different kind of memory that is forgotten in political and media representations of Cronulla – the embodied memory resulting from the injuries of racism experienced by those of Middle Eastern background. We see Cronulla entailing a violent and existential threat which detaches them from full belonging in Australia.


Objective To sum up the characteristics of clinical symptoms of 60 cases of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)so as to further explore the evidences of the diagnosis and treatment. Methods The gastroensophageal reflux symptoms,such as acid reflux,food reflux,gastric burning sensation and non-cardiac chest pain,as well as extra-esophageal symptoms,such as laryngitis,chronic cough and asthma were analyzed. By gastroscopy test,non-erosive esophagitis(NERD)group and reflux esophagitis(RE)group were divided. The incidences of them and the situations were analyzed. Results The percentages of NERD and RE were 53.3% and 46.7% in GERD respectively. Compared with RE group,more males suffered from NERD(P0.05)and the average age was young(P0.05). There was no significant difference in the scales of gastroesophageal symptoms between two groups(P0.05),but gastric burning sensation was predominated in either group. The extra-esophageal symptoms were mild in both groups. The clinical efficacy and the improvement in clinical symptoms in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group. Conclusion The symptoms like gastric burning sensation,acid reflux,food reflux and post-sternum pain as well as extra-esophageal symptoms should be paid close attention for early diagnosis and treatment.


This paper proposes an embedded vision system for real-time moving object tracking using modified mean-shift algorithm for mobile robot application. This design of modified mean-shift algorithm fully utilizing the advanced parallelism of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) is capable of processing real-time PAL video of 720∗576 at 25 fps. This hardware implementation realizes time-consumed color space transformation using pipeline operations, which completely removes the dependence of off-chip RAM memory. In addition, this system incorporates adaptive kernel based mass center calculation method to balance the tracking complication and precision. Finally, the time division multiplex (TDM) technology obviously saves the FPGA hardware resources. As a result, the feasibility and tracking robustness of this implementation have been demonstrated through realtime tracking videos.


In a few short weeks, I will have reached the midpoint of my Fellowship year. Like others before me, this is a time for frustration, knowing there is so much left to accomplish and so little time. The past 5 months have been exhilarating. When I came to Washington, I knew very little about how Congress works and even less about the role of the Congressional staff. Imagine my surprise (and relief) when those "turkeys in Washington" turned out to be the most hardworking, capable, and dedicated group of people I know.


We consider a spatial problem arising in forest harvesting. For regulatory reasons, blocks harvested should not exceed a certain total area, typically 49 hectares. Traditionally, this problem, called the adjacency problem, has been approached by forming a priori blocks from basic cells of 5 to 25 hectares and solving the resulting mixed-integer program. Superior solutions can be obtained by including the construction of blocks in the decision process. The resulting problem is far more complex combinatorially. We present an exact algorithmic approach that has yielded good results in computational tests. This solution approach is based on determining a strong formulation of the linear programming problem through a clique representation of a projected problem.


This paper describes an outcome investigation into two clinical groups of mothers and young children receiving short-term music therapy. The first group was a closed group of mothers and toddlers receiving six-weekly music therapy sessions. The second group was an ongoing group of parents and babies receiving one music therapy session followed by a discussion of videotaped excerpts of this music therapy session a week later. As a point of comparison, a group of children and parents attending a local nursery school receiving six-weekly music sessions run by a music therapist was also investigated. Video analyses, audio analyses and parent's questionnaires were used to measure results. Comparing information collated from the questionnaires to results of the video analyses revealed that parents attending the clinical group viewed their children's behaviours in a less positive light than control group parents. The article is written from the music therapist's viewpoint. This group music therapy work is described and reflected upon in a more qualitative way in a previous article entitled '"Mummy can play too…" Short-term music therapy with mothers and young children' published two years ago in the BJMT.


The stable packet arrival rate region of the discrete-time slotted ALOHA network with the sources distributed as a static Poisson point process is investigated here. The problem is a generalization and extension of interacting queues problem, in which the physical layer is abstracted. Employing tools from queueing theory as well as point process theory, we obtain sufficient conditions and necessary conditions for stability by the concept of dominance. Numerical results show that the gap between sufficient conditions and necessary conditions is small, and the results also reveal how these conditions vary with system parameters.


This paper presents the findings of a quantitative study exploring non-English major students' learning engagement in task-based language learning (TBLL) in the context of a university in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province. This study involved 200 non-English-major students in answering questionnaires. The SPSS software was employed to process the data. The findings revealed that non-English major students had a high level of learning engagement in TBLL. Three major factors, viz. teacher-related factors, learning contextrelated factors and student-related factors were believed to positively affect their learning engagement in TBLL. Among three factor groups, with their distinctive features, learning context-related factors proved to be the most crucial one in the TBLL class, while teacherrelated factors and student-related factors played an indispensable role in enhancing students' speaking competence and motivating them to speak English. Additionally, this study also showed that the more students got involved in TBLL, the more positively their learning engagement in TBLL was affected by the three named factor groups.


Key Points Question Is cancer-associated thrombosis risk among ambulatory patients with active cancer effectively assessed by the ONKOTEV score? Findings In this prognostic study, the 4 ONKOTEV score levels were able to stratify the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among outpatients with cancer. Meaning This study suggests that the good stratification of the risk of VTE using the ONKOTEV score, together with the suitability and the affordability of variables used to calculate the score, could represent a breakthrough in cancer-associated thrombosis and the rationale for choosing the ONKOTEV score for risk assessment in the future.


Concerns over food continue to plague the world.
Despite advances in modern farming, processing
and transport technologies, problems of food
insecurity in the less developed world jar with
the superabundance, hence glut and waste of
wealthier nations


The Research Group in Electromagnetism and Communications (GRECO) is designing an HF system for long haul digital communication between the Antarctic Spanish Base in Livingston Island (62.6S, 60.4W) and Observatori de l'Ebre in Spain (40.8N,0.5E) (Vilella et al., 2008). The main interest of Observatori de l'Ebre is the transmission of the data collected from the sensors located at the base, including a geomagnetic sensor, a vertical incidence ionosonde, an oblique incidence ionosonde and a GNSS receiver. The geomagnetic sensor, the vertical incidence ionosonde and the GNSS receiver are commercial solutions from third parties. The oblique incidence ionosonde, used to sound the ionospheric channel between Antarctica and Spain, was developed by the GRECO in the framework of this project.


Tribe is a dirty word nowadays. Not to me of course, but particularly, as you know, to a great many African intellectuals and politicians. No wonder they don't like it when one thinks of the terrifying things that have happened in Kenya and the Congo, with elections in Nigeria going along tribal lines, and in the Republic the Bantustans encouraging the worst kinds of tribalism. There is a positive and a negative kind of tribalism, as Tom Mboya very sensibly says in his book Freedom and After; however, most people concentrate on the negative side. But you and I together might have a look at this word-this concept-and see whether there may not be another and better future for it. You know quite well that part of my feeling about our own tribe comes from my being partly Highland and knowing in myself the warm feeling that we in the Highland area have towards our own and our related clans, however much we may laugh at it and pretend it is all part of a bad past. This warm feeling clears the first hurdle towards mutual understanding, perception, and some kind of loyalty-basic human needs.


The effect of a brightener on the electrodeposition of Sn-Ni alloy plated from acidic chloride baths has been studied by microscopic observation, cathodic polarization measurements and direct determination of the brightener adsorbed. The brightener used was N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDA). The amount of HCl-free NEDA adsorbed in the alloy deposits was at most about 2% and varied with current density and bath composition, whereas the metal composition of the deposits remained almost unaltered despite variations in the metal ion concentration in the bath. Even if the NEDA content in the alloy deposits was very low, hydrogen evolution potential on the deposits shifted to a far nobler potential than on NEDA-free deposits, which resulted in the depolarization of the bright alloy surface. It is considered that the codeposited hydrogen atoms on the surface inhibited the crystal growth of the metals, thus facilitating the brightening effect of NEDA. SEM observations showed that the bright deposits from additive baths had fine uniform grains of about 0.2-0.3μm, whereas the dull deposits from additive-free baths had coarser grans of about 3-4μm.


The accessibility of video technology has made it possible to utilize both the auditory and visual channels to present listening texts in the second language (L2) classroom and on L2 listening tests. However, there has been little research investigating the extent to which L2 listeners actually watch the video monitor when presented with a listening video text. The current study investigated test-taker behavior on an L2 video listening test. Thirty-six testtakers were videotaped while taking a listening test composed of six separate video texts, and the amount of time test-takers made eye contact with the video monitor was computed. An analysis of the data indicated that the group of participants oriented to the video monitor 69% of the time while the video text was played. In addition, the study yielded valuable information concerning the consistency of the test-takers' viewing behavior.


This paper attempts to analyse the term 'one of us' in Joseph Conrad's Lord Jim from a range of viewpoints. Marlow consistently regards Jim as 'one of us' and many hidden meanings tag along. We have to ponder over the fact that what Marlow's actual intention is especially when he utters those three words. Consequently, the phrase, 'one of us' has turned into a tricky puzzle before us. Let us find out what is concealed behind these words. However, it goes without saying that this paper will concentrate especially on racism, behaviour, optimism, honour, sympathy, shameful secrets, homosexuality, trustworthiness, manliness and courage and universality in order to detect the factual meanings of the term in question.


The Role of Similarity in Generalization Matt Jones, W. Todd Maddox, and Bradley C. Love [mattj,maddox,love]@psy.utexas.edu University of Texas, Department of Psychology, 1 University Station A8000 Austin, TX 78712 USA Abstract between stimulus differences and category differences, in making category judgments. Similarity is often regarded as a fundamental construct underlying stimulus generalization in category learning and many other domains. The key assumption of this approach is that multidimensional differences between stimuli are summarized by a single value before entering the decision process. The present study challenges this assumption by showing that category judgments depend on the full relationship between present and past stimuli, in a way that cannot be mediated by a unidimensional similarity measure. Approaches based on response generalization, knowledge partitioning, and distributional representations are also shown to be insufficient to account for our findings. Recency approach to generalization Jones, Love, and Maddox (2006) demonstrate how stimulus generalization can be directly measured during a probabilistic classification task through analysis of decisional recency effects. Specifically, they found that responses are biased towards the feedback given on the previous trial, and that the strength of this bias is directly determined by the difference between present and previous stimuli. The effect of the previous feedback thus represents generalization from the previous stimulus to the current one. Jones, Maddox, and Love (2005) found that when one stimulus dimension is predictive of the category label and another dimension is irrelevant, generalization becomes selectively dependent on the diagnostic dimension (Fig. 1). This finding is consistent with accounts of selective attention that assume similarity adapts to weight tas k- relevant dimensions more heavily (Kruschke, 1992; Nosofsky, 1986). In other words, stimuli differing along the diagnostic dimension become less similar than stimuli differing along the irrelevant dimension. This adaptation of generalization is directly observable through analysis of recency effects, as elaborated below. Introduction Generalization Similarity has long been held to underlie a wide range of cognitive processes. Seminal work by Shepard (1957) showed that stimulus generalization in conditioning and identification tasks can be explained in terms of similarity between stimuli. This approach has since been extended to many other tasks, including categorization (Medin & Schaffer, 1978) and inductive reasoning (Osherson, Smith, Wilkie, Lopez, & Shafir, 1990). An important finding has been that similarity is not constant; rather, it changes systematically as a function of which stimulus attributes are relevant to the task (Heit & Rubinstein, 1994; Nosofsky, 1986). However, it is still generally assumed that similarity is well defined for any one judgment, context, and attentional set. This critical assumption holds not only for spatial models of similarity, but also for feature-set models (Tversky, 1977) and approaches based on internal relational structure (Markman & Gentner, 1993). The present study challenges the assumption that generalization is based directly on similarity. We describe an experiment using a four-category classification task in which subjects must attend to two dimensions simultaneously, but must use these sources of information in different ways. The principal finding is that multiple generalization gradients are simultaneously active for different aspects of the category judgment. Thus performance in this task cannot be explained in terms of a single similarity function (even one that changes from trial to trial). We argue that the failing of the similarity approach is that it assumes the relationships between multidimensional stimuli are reduced to a single value before this information is passed to the decision process. That is, similarity acts as a mediator or sufficient statistic. Instead, it appears that people use the full multidimensional relationship between stimuli, and in particular the alignment D ia gno stic d iff ere nce ce ren iffe d t an lev Irre Figure 1: Selective generalization in a 2-category classification task (Jones et al., 2005, Expt. 1, Condition F). Horizontal axes indicate the difference between successive stimuli. Vertical axis shows strength of generalization, defined as the effect (in log-odds) of the previous feedback on the response to the present stimulus.


NC Machining technology is used in artificial intelligence research.Based on the human-computer intellectualization idea,it presented a system of artificial intelligence CAPP for NC machining.The NC machining process design module,artificial intelligence decision-making module and the NC Machining method module of the artificial intelligence CAPP system were emphasized.Some key technologies of the system include Human Master/Machine Slave(HM/MS) NC Machining process knowledge acquisition,Machine Master/Human Slave(MM/HM) NC Online testing,Human Machine Equivalence(HME) NC Machining Virtual Simulation were discussed detailed.It was proved from the experiment that the system have the ability of Human-Computer Intellectualization,layout process in real-time,and make sure the cooperation-parallelism of layout process.


'Peace referendums', which seek to manage armed conflict, are increasingly common around the world. Yet such referendums remain erratic forces—liable as often to aggravate as to resolve tensions. In this book we consider when, despite their risks, referendums can play useful roles amid conflict. We argue that this largely depends on a referendum's design, including how well it incorporates contemporary lessons from the theory and practice of deliberative democracy. Deliberative democracy seeks to channel disagreement into reasoned forms of decision-making—for instance, by identifying certain 'public' values around which disparate groups may find a measure of common ground. As yet, however, few deliberative democracy scholars have advanced arguments for referendums in conflict societies. This is unsurprising: while designing a referendum to be deliberative is a challenge even in the most peaceable of societies, in a conflict society it is harder still. Nevertheless, discounting deliberative institutional schemes because deliberation appears too difficult, and a society too conflictual, overlooks the possibility that some armed conflict can be traced to scarce opportunities to deliberate in the first place. Using a distinctive combination of deliberative democratic and constitutional theory, and also drawing from the field of conflict studies, we develop what we call the Deliberative Peace Referendum—a referendum held under conditions of conflict and designed to be deliberative. This kind of referendum has two broad objectives: to assist a peace settlement to be achieved, and to secure the settlement's long-term resilience. After scaffolding a tenuous agreement, the referendum may help to concretize an agreement as a durable constitutional settlement by drawing on deliberative democracy's perceived legitimacy. A Deliberative Peace Referendum thus takes aim at the standard pathologies of referendums—pathologies that must be addressed if referendums are to avoid repeating the problems of peace referendums in the past. Our purpose with this book is to rescue peace referendums from their habitual under-theorization and poor design, and to rehabilitate them as genuine tools of conflict management.


Considering the actual design of expressway ramp,the moving characters of expressway traffic flow and the requirement of main line speed control,the classical macro and dynamic model of expressway traffic flow is amended in this paper.On the basis of this improved traffic flow model,the matrix equation of speed control variable is obtained by using the backstepping method.Furthermore,fuzzy control is applied to the expressway speed control,and it provides a new effective method for speed control of the traffic flow density even if the traffic flow model is imprecise or some traffic flow parameters can not be detected.


A lens-free DMT-16QAM W-band photonic-wireless system using an integrated MLL chip and a mixer-based receiver is demonstrated. The on-chip single-light-source MLL generates W-band signals and simplifies the transmitter. The wireless signal's SNR is improved by phase-coherent optical carriers both modulated with data beating in PD.


[The following article was written soon after Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but the time seemed inauspicious for the publication of so frank a discussion of the possibility of war between the U.S. and Russia. The course of events has increased rather than lessened the timeliness of Mr. Lerner's article. The author has chosen to present his ideas in the form of a presidential proclamation. The Editors]


The paper analyses the influence of John Madden's biopic Shakespeare in Love (GB/USA, 1998) on Moliere (FR, 2007) and Young Goethe in Love (GER, 2010) by having a closer look at the intertextual relationship between the films. For this, it considers external and internal connections, referring to intertexts for the promotion and marketing as well as the use of content-based conventions for biopics on writers, literary sources and anachronisms. The analysis reveals that, although the French and German films take Shakespeare in Love as a source of inspiration, they rewrite the approach and transform it for an individual representation of their national subjects. This double effect points to a different, alternative strategy for adapting the literary life of the canonical author.


This paper discusses decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement in olive mill wastewaters (OMW) by Phanerochaetae chrysosporium grown in static, stirred and immobilized cultures. When P. Chrysosporium is used in cultures, no decolorization of crude OMW is observed. Decolorization occurs only after the removal of polyphenols by adsorption in sawdust, which allows a 39% polyphenol removal. The use of a High lignin peroxides (Lip) producing medium, yields the highest OMW decolorization and COD removal efficiencies. The use of P. Chrysosporium immobilized on polyurethane foam leads to significant abatements of OMW polluting characteristics. And COD abatement reached 70%. The reduction of polyphenols reached its highest level at 62%. A significant effluent decolorization is apparent.


Objective To understand the prevalence status of HIV/AIDS in dali city from 1990 to 2005,and to provide effective measures for prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in dali.Methods The data of the routine and sentinel surveillance、VCT were collected and analyzed.Results Since the first HIV infector was identified in 1990,a total of 1 392 infectors had been diagnosed up to 2005.Most of the infectors were injecting drug users,accounting for 62.21% of all infectors.Proportion of sexual transmission of HIV increased with time.Conclusion Prevalence of HIV/AIDS is high in Dali city,with a tendency of spreading from risk population to general population.Effective preventive and control measures such as strengthening education,reducing social discrimination,promotion of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)and needle exchange programme(NEP),strengthening management of the people living with HIV/AIDS should be adopted.


The invention discloses a method for installing a condenser in a refrigerator. A foaming space is formed in the refrigerator. The method comprises the following steps of: placing a condensing pipe on a non-sticky material layer placed in a plane; sticking an aluminum foil to the condensing pipe to make the aluminum foil form an omega shape; and taking down the formed aluminum foil and the condensing pipe from the non-sticky material layer and sticking the aluminum foil to a side plate of the foaming space. According to the condenser installation method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the non-sticky material layer placed in the plane is adopted, the aluminum foil is tightly attached to the condensing pipe to form the omega shape, and the aluminum foil still keeps the omega shape when the aluminum foil and the condensing pipe are taken down from the non-sticky material layer and stuck to the side plate, so that the aluminum foil is nearly completely stuck with the side plate, the heat is furthest transferred to the side plate from the condensing pipe in the heat dissipation process and quickly cooled, the heat dissipation effect is obvious, the energy consumption of the refrigerator is reduced and the purpose of saving energy is fulfilled. The invention also discloses a forming pedestal for sticking the aluminum foil to the condenser.


According to the characteristics of grassland construction engineering projects,a theoretical frame for assessment on comprehensive benefit of grassland construction engineering project was put forward,which composed of five benefits,including ecological,economic,environmental,social and landscape benefits.The five benefits were regarded as normal level indexes for assessment on comprehensive benefit of grassland construction engineering projects.The concrete details,assessment contents and the relationship among the five benefits were studied in this study.


The invention relates to an immunohistochemical reagent and a kit for detecting PD-L1 protein expression in human tissue and particularly human tumor tissue and a preparation method and application of the immunohistochemical reagent and the kit.


A field experiment was conducted at College Agronomy Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during rabi season of the year 2006-2007 with a view to study the "Influence of Sources and Levels of Nitrogen on Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.] under middle Gujarat conditions" The soil of the experimental site was loamy sand in texture having 7.7 and 7.9 soil pH at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depth, respectively. It was low in organic carbon and available nitrogen and medium in available phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in RBD with factorial concept in four replications. The treatment comprised of three levels of nitrogen sources [(organic manure, chemical fertilizer and organic manure + chemical fertilizer (1:1)] and three nitrogen levels (50, 75 and 100 kg N ha).


We present a probabilistic model of the in-fluence of language on the behavior of the U.S. Supreme Court, specifically influence of amicus briefs on Court decisions and opinions. The approach assumes that amici are rational, utility-maximizing agents who try to win votes or affect the language of court opinions. Our model leads to improved predictions of justices' votes and perplexity of opinion language. It is amenable to inspection, allowing us to explore inferences about the persua-siveness of different amici and influenceability of different justices; these are consistent with earlier findings.


p-type hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon oxide (µc-Si:H) was developed and implemented as a contact layer in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) single junction solar cells. Higher transparency, sufficient electrical conductivity, low ohmic contact to sputtered ZnO:Al, and tunable refractive index make p-type µc-Si:H a promising alternative to the commonly used p-type hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (µc-Si:H) contact layers. In this work, p-type µc-Si:H layers were fabricated with a conductivity of up to 10−2 S/cm and a Raman crystallinity of above 60%. Furthermore, we present p-type µc-Si:H films with a broad range of optical properties (2.1 eV < band gap  eV and 1.6 < refractive index ). These properties can be tuned by adapting deposition parameters, for example, the CO2/SiH4 deposition gas ratio. A conversion efficiency improvement of a-Si:H solar cells is achieved by applying p-type µc-Si:H contact layer compared to the standard p-type µc-Si:H contact layer. As another aspect, the influence of the front side texture on a-Si:H p-i-n solar cells with different p-type contact layers, µc-Si:H and µc-Si:H, is investigated. Furthermore, we discuss the correlation between the decrease of and the cell surface area derived from AFM measurements.


Pancytopenia can be caused by a wide variety of etiologies that require evaluation of bone marrow. This is a cross sectional study carried out to identify the various findings in bone marrow aspiration in patients with pancytopenia on peripheral smear examination. Bone marrow aspiration was performed in 103 cases with pancytopenia over a period of 2 years. Bone marrow was hypercellular in 46.6% cases, normocellular in 28.2% cases, inconclusive in 14.5% cases and hypocellular in 10.7% cases. Bone marrow showed megaloblastoid picture in 34% cases, iron deficiency in 9.8% cases, combined iron deficiency and megaloblastoid picture in 8.8% cases, plasmacytosis in 9.8% cases, hypoplastic anemia in 4.9% cases, reactive changes in 2.9% cases, acute leukemia in 1.9% cases, chronic myeloid leukemia chronic phase in 2.9% cases, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 2.9% cases, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in 1.9% cases and nonhodgkin's lymphoma in 0.9% cases. Study was normal in 3.8% and inconclusive in 15.5% cases. Amongst the total cases 6.8% were below 10 years of age and a total of 46.7% were 30 years and below. Bone marrow aspiration was able to establish diagnosis in 80.7% cases. In conclusion, bone marrow aspiration can diagnose the etiological factors in majority of cases of pancytopenia.


Because residual monomer may cause tissue irritation, we investigated two self-curing acrylic denture-base materials — one a compression type, and the other a pourable material — by means of gas-liquid chromatography, Both exhibited higher residual monomer levels than did heat-cured acrylics, with thick sections having lower values than did thin sections. The pourable material showed lower values than did the compression variety.


direct consequence of today's interconnected world is the phenomenal growth in the amount of available and accessible information. This information overload is going to increase as more machines will be connected to wide area networks. Thus, an effective and efficient information filtering system is needed, which will weed out unwanted information and present the relevant information in a rank-ordered fashion. This paper describes one such distributed information filter- ing system consisting of collaborating heterogeneous agents.


A coupled nonlinear boundary value problem arising from a mixed convective flow of a nonNewtonian fluid at a vertical stretching sheet with variable thermal conductivity is investigated in this paper. Casson fluid model is used to describe the non-Newtonian fluid behavior. Using a similarity transformation, the governing equations are transformed into a system of coupled, nonlinear ordinary differential equations and the analytical solutions for the velocity and temperature fields are obtained via a semi-analytical algorithm based on the Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method (OHAM). To validate the method, comparisons are made with the available results in the literature for some special cases and the results are found to be in excellent agreement. The characteristics of the velocity and the temperature fields in the boundary layer have been analyzed for several sets of values of the Casson parameter, the Prandtl number, the temperature dependent thermal conductivity parameter, the velocity exponent parameter and the mixed convection parameter. The presented results through graphs and tables reveal substantial effects of the pertinent parameters on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. Furthermore, an error analysis is offered using an exact residual error and average residual error methods.


In this paper, the effects of interference on the performance of dual-hop transmission with fixed-gain amplify-and-forward relaying is presented in terms of bit-error rate (BER). Particularly, a scenario with multiple relays and multiple antennas at destination is considered jointly with optimum combining (OC). The moment-generating function (MGF) of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at destination is derived in order to evaluate the average BER. The analytical results are validated using Monte-Carlo simulations for several situations, showing that the proposed scenario totally mitigates the interference while maintains a diversity gain of K, where K is the number of cooperative relays.


Yusong Wang The First ,A liated Hospital of China Medical University Mozhi Wang The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Xiangyu Sun The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Litong Yao The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Mengshen Wang The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Haoran Dong The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Xinyan Li The First A liated Hospital of China Medical University Mingcong He China Medical University Yingying Xu (  firstname.lastname@example.com ) the First A liated Hospital of China Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0023-6841


Abstract— Virtual‐image (near‐to‐eye) and two‐view autostereoscopic (3‐D) displays share similar optical properties in the comfortable user position for viewing. In this paper, the definitions and criteria of qualified viewing space (QVS) and qualified stereoscopic viewing space (QSVS) are discussed. Due to the complex nature of these viewing spaces, the related presumptions and the required optical characteristics and their measurements are specified. The effects of different display and observer parameters, such as interpupillary distance, to the resulting viewing spaces are discussed. Finally, real measurement data of two autostereoscopic display devices are presented.


In order to improve the wear resistance of elastic metallic-plastic thrust bearing pad, micro-assembling PTFE/Al_2O_3 multi-layer film was developed by alternating radio frequency(RF) magnetron sputtering PTFE and Al_2O_3 targets. For enhancing the adhesion of the interfaces between PTFE and Al_2O_3 film, N~+ implantation was employed. The structure, mechanical and micro-tribological properties were studied by XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and atomic force and friction force microscope (AFM/FFM). The results show that the multi-layer consists of Al_2O_3 component and crystalline PTFE. The hardness of the multi-layer modified by ion implantation is less than that of Al_2O_3,but its toughness is greatly improved. The friction coefficient of PTFE/ Al_2O_3 multi-layer modified by ion implantation is much lower than that of Al_2O_3 film, and its resistance to wear is much greater than that of PTFE film. Therefore the wear resistance of elastic metallic-plastic thrust bearing pad is greatly improved.


ABSTRACT A hydraulic hybrid propulsion method with the hydraulic common pressure rail for automobiles is proposed. The hydraulic regenerative braking characteristics of the hydraulic hybrid propulsion method are investigated with simulation and experiment. The dynamic responses of the system in the hydraulic regenerative braking mode are studied. The results indicate that there is an obvious correlation between the hydraulic motor speed and the hydraulic transformer speed in both driving mode and hydraulic regenerative braking mode. In the hydraulic regenerative braking mode, a greater hydraulic transformer controlled angle makes a higher braking torque applied by the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic accumulator pressure is positively correlated with the hydraulic transformer controlled angle. The energy losses include the rolling resistance energy loss, the air resistance energy loss and the hydraulic energy loss. The hydraulic energy loss is in the majority. The proportions of the rolling resistance energy loss and the air resistance energy loss become higher when the average vehicle speed becomes larger during hydraulic regenerative braking.


Summary.  One hundred and thirty‐one post‐liver transplantation patients with chronic hepatitis B and failing lamivudine therapy with detectable serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid by hybridization assays or ≥1 × 106 copies/mL by polymerase chain reaction, and elevated alanine transaminase levels despite continuous lamivudine, were enrolled in an open‐label study of adefovir dipivoxil. The B and C domains of HBV polymerase were sequenced for baseline samples to determine the presence of lamivudine resistance mutations. The results showed that 98% of the samples had tyrosine‐methionine‐aspartate‐aspartate (YMDD) mutations, indicating a strong correlation between the above clinical definition of lamivudine treatment failure and the presence of YMDD mutations. In addition to the rtM204V/I and the rtL180M mutations, the mutation rtV173L was identified in 19% of patients. Four major patterns of lamivudine‐resistant HBV were identified: rtL180M + rtM204V (60%), rtV173L + rtL180M + rtM204V (19%), rtM204I (9%) and rtL180M + rtM204I (9%). Treatment with adefovir dipivoxil showed similar antiviral efficacy in patients with lamivudine‐resistant virus from all four patterns.


Transformation of economic pattern has been made in different stages in China and Russia because of the drawback of planned economy.That is the transition from traditional planned economy to market economy.As a result,there appear the gradual reform and radical reform.The analysis of historical condition of economic transformation and implemented economic pattern in two countries and the summary of lesson drawh from the reform of economic system and operation of Russia will contribute to the success of Chinese reform of economic system.


Pheochromocytoma is a rare, catecholamine-producing tumour of the adrenal medulla1 and its presence must be considered in many patients with hypertension, the latter representing a quarter of the adult population in Western countries2. The clinical hallmark is sustained or intermittent hypertension often associated with paroxysmal symptoms. Pheochromocytoma should also be considered if a patient presents with labile hypertension that is resistant to anti-hypertensive therapies4.


Evaluation, recommendation, development, and application of a process to treat approximately 1,800 cubic yards of soil/sediment contaminated with organic solvents and with U in Area 3A and 4A by a technical assistance team.


The paper explores factors that are expected to influence the internationalization process of Chinese small and median-sized enterprises in a sample of 71 Chinese companies listing in Small and Median Enterprise Board of Shenzhen Stock Exchange.The results reveal that internationalization process is positively related to international knowledge and experience of top management team, and the firm's background of direct foreign investment, and is negatively related to the ratio of capital per labor of the firm and the technology level.Firm age has no correlation to the internationalization process.Labor-intensive SMEs pace better in internationalization than capital-intensive and high-tech ones.Chinese SMEs should improve the international knowledge and experience level of top management team and fully exert learning advantage of newness.FDI and inward internationalization is suggested as an efficient way to upgrade the outward internationalization of Chinese SMEs.


A two stage cascode low noise amplifier using tapered inductors with optimized quality factors was designed in a 130 nm logic CMOS process. The K-band (24 GHz-26.5 GHz) LNA consumes 11.25 mW DC power for a supply voltage of 1.5 V, achieves 27.5 dB peak transducer gain and 3.88 dB noise figure (NF) at 25 GHz. S11 and S22 at 25 GHz are -13 dB and -10 dB, respectively. It achieves a minimum NF of 3.5 dB at 24 GHz and within the entire frequency band of interest the NF is less than 5 dB. IIP3 of the LNA is -11 dBm and the LNA including pads occupies an area of 830μm × 800μm.


The research was carried out on the population structure characteristics of Pleioblastus maculate grew naturally in Shizi County,Pingba County in Guizhou Province.The results showed: the population had the most Ⅱ-age-class individual plants,the proportion reached 27.9%,then Ⅰ-age-class with 25.1% and Ⅲ with 20.0%.The main distribution range of DBH(diameter at breast height) was 31 ~ 45 mm.The main distribution range of height class was 6.0 ~ 8.9 m with 57.8%.The diameter class and height class had a certain difference among the different aged class.DBH decreased with the age class increasing,which showed that Pleioblastus maculate population had the decreasing tendency.


Objective A screen on chromosome 6 was carried out for finding the associated genetic loci for bipolar disorder.Methods A total of 20 microsatellite markers on chromosome 6 spaced at about 10 cM were selected and two DNA pooling samples consisting of 104 bipolar disorder cases and 1000 normal controls were genotyped respectively.Statistic analysis was performed by Chisquare method with CLUMP software to compare the difference in frequency of each allele of these loci between the two pooling samples.Results Significant difference was found at D6S262 locus between cases and controls,P0.05 .Conclusion D6S262 on chromosome 6 is associated with bipolar disorder in the population of Shandong province,and further screening of the susceptibility gene around this locus is needed.


RMB appreciation will influence world securities market through trade mechanism,capital mechanism,expectation mechanism,market transmission mechanism and interest rate mechanism.Taking American securities market as an example,the influence extent and direction of RMB appreciation and appreciation expectation will be different through different mechanisms.Considering the impact of RMB appreciation upon world securities market,it's necessary for China to pay much attention to preventing against the risk hindered,and to obtain benefits as much as possible.For this,it's compulsory for China to focus on the motives of international hot money,preventing against appearance of financial risk,to take great efforts to develop securities market in China,enhancing assault-resisting capabilities of international hot money;to quicken the pushing of QDII,hoping to have more revenue from the world market.


In 1985, Cohen and Tits proved the existence of a 4-cycle-free 2-fold cover of the hypercube. This Cohen-Tits cover is closely related to the signed adjacency matrix that Hao Huang used last year in his proof of the Sensitivity Conjecture. Terence Tao observed that Huang's signed adjacency matrix can be understood by lifting functions on an elementary abelian 2-group to functions on a central extension. Inspired by Tao's observation, we generalize the Cohen-Tits cover by constructing, as Cayley graphs for extraspecial p-groups, two infinite families of 4-cycle-free p-fold covers of the Cartesian product of p-cycles.


An embed GPS/SINS integrated navigation system with the core of ARM is designed by using low-costing MIMU and GPS-OEM panel in this paper. We analyze the theory of strapdown inertial navigation and initial aiming in details. Give the error curves of the navigation system and the framework of system software based on uC/OS-II.


Based on sensitivity analysis,the power grid vulnerability assessment is carried out in this paper.Bus vulnerability index mainly considers two factors: one is the sensitivity of bus voltage,when reactive load changes,the other is the relationship between current value,upper and lower limits,rated voltage of the bus;besides,the definition of the index for the branch vulnerability assessment is accomplished,by analyzing the relationship between branch power losses and reactive load of the load area in network,when the voltage is closed to the critical point.In the research,bus and branch vulnerability assessment of the network IEEE 30 is conducted by the above-mentioned method and index.The result shows that the assessment method and index is effective and feasible.


The dissertation deals with a formation of School Educational Programme for the subject of Informatics at primary school. In its theoretical part it deals with general sources of creativity, personality of a creative teacher and support as well as barriers of creativity. It describes primary and secondary education in our country and abroad. A reader of this thesis will get acquainted with both the present time curricular documents and with the new system of curricular documents. He or she will learn about basic information of gene-ral educational programmes. Practical part pursues the formation of School Educational Plan and its own proposal of teaching the subject of Informatics at basic school.


Cats were trained to press a bar to receive electrical stimulation in the region of the medial forebrain bundle. The training was achieved without the employment of prior training to any conventional reinforcer but required a very large number of stimulations before the cats began to show positive reinforcement from the stimulations. It appears that the cats' response to intracranial stimulation underwent a transition from negative to positive with continued experience.


Air pollution, Fuel Usage and Health Outcomes in Madre de Dios, Peru: a Comparative Cross Sectional Study by Christina Chao Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ William Pan, Supervisor ___________________________ Joel Meyer ___________________________ Elizabeth Turner An abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Duke Global Health Institute in the Graduate School of Duke University


Ca(SO 3 Cl) 2 is synthesised via a new procedure using CaCl 2 , SOCl 2 and chlorosulphuric acid. The synthesised salt is used in preparation of ion conducting electrolyte (PEO) 4 Ca(SO 3 Cl) 2 film. Ca K-edge EXAFS results show that in the chlorosulphate salt Ca is coordinated to the tetrahedron of SO 3 Cl - group. In the film, the bond is preserved: an additional strong bond to the ether oxygen of the polymer host is observed. Consequently the chlorosulphate salt is poorly dissociated, which explains relatively low electric conductivity of the film.


In-vitro fertilization cost barriers : Canadians have limited access to publicly-funded in-vitro fertilization and as a result, the country has fallen behind many developed countries in the provision of appropriate medical care for women who have difficulty conceiving, according to a study by the


By the first quarter of fiscal 1994, employers will be required to adopt accrual accounting for benefits such as disability and severance pay and salary and health care benefit continuations that are provided to former or inactive employees. This article discusses how to approach and comply with the new requirements.


After more than 20 years of steady progress, lithium-ion batteries still exhibit modest energy capacities that seem to have reached their asymptotic values with the present combination of graphite at the anode and insertion oxide or phosphate materials at the cathode. New applications, particularly for all-electric vehicles are pushing the development of electrode materials with higher Li storage capabilities, for both electrodes. Silicon, which exhibits the highest known Li-alloying capacity is one of the most promising anode materials. However, Li alloying with Si is accompanied by a large volume change which induces cracking and rapid pulverization of Si-based anodes. Significant improvements in the anode's lifetime as well as charge–discharge rates have been obtained over the past few years by employing Si nanostructures, particularly nanowires. In this paper, we present the main synthesis methods for Si nanowires as well as the alloying properties of Li with Si and review how the use of Si-based nanowires has evolved, thanks to sophisticated material/structure combinations, including core–shell nanowires, composites as well as hollowed nanotube-like approaches.


Cooperative caching is known to be an effective technique for improving the performance of large scale distributed storage systems [5, 6, 7, 11, 1]. Nevertheless, current cooperative caching techniques work only in environments when machines trust one other, a requirement that is likely to become more and more difficult to satisfy. We describe a novel technique for managing cooperative caches in an untrusted environment. Our principal innovation is a new way to update objects on pages in untrusted caches while guaranteeing page integrity.


Drawing a Line in the South China Sea: Why Beijing Needs to Show Restraint By Nguyen Manh Hung Beijing's more aggressive stance on maritime disputes in the South China Sea in recent years may signal the first stages of China's effort to wrest hegemony of the Asia-Pacific region from the US. For the disputes to be resolved peacefully and for the US and China to avoid conflict, ASEAN must remain united, while the US must remain committed, writes Nguyen Manh Hung maRitime DisPUtes in the south China sea have been a major topic of discussion at scores of official and academic conferences over the last three years. the topic is closely related to freedom of navigation, maritime security and conflicting territorial claims among China, taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, malaysia and Brunei. the conflict is being driven by China's claims of sovereignty in the south China sea and its aggressive attempts to enforce those claims. all other concerned nations see China's actions as excessive and not in conformity with international law. the conflict in the south China sea may be seen from several perspectives. at the regional level, it is a conflict of territorial claims among various coastal nations. at the international level, it is a conflict of interests between China, a rising regional power that wants to establish its dominance in the south China sea, and other major powers — the United states, Japan and india — that are concerned about freedom of navigation in a major sea-lane. at the systemic level, it is an issue of power transition and/or adjustment and accommodation between a rising power, China, and a status quo power, the United states.


This paper treats the topic of representing supplementary variables in biplots obtained by principal component analysis (PCA) and correspondence analysis (CA). We follow a geometrical approach where we minimize errors that are obtained when the scores of the PCA or CA solution are projected onto a vector that represents a supplementary variable. This paper shows that optimal directions for supplementary variables can be found by solving a regression problem, and justifies that earlier formulae from Gabriel are optimal in the least squares sense. We derive new results regarding the geometrical properties, goodness of fit statistics and the interpretation of supplementary variables. It is shown that supplementary variables can be represented by plotting their correlation coefficients with the axes of the biplot only when the proper type of scaling is used. We discuss supplementary variables in an ecological context and give illustrations with data from an environmental monitoring survey.


1. BACKGROUND 1.1 Design Games To look at conceptual collaborative design in terms of a game, with its internal rules and different interests competing with each other, can be revealing for the involved "players". We have therefore tested different "design games" in different settings. In these design games the participants have been equipped with a set of cardboard or Lego pieces which can represent any chosen objects or functions and be arranged freely in different relations with each other. With these pieces different layouts of the future environment have been arranged, "discovered" and negotiated. During the last year we have worked with the task how to integrate our experiences from the design games into the development of an integrated modelling and VR-visualisation tool. Our endeavour was to investigate how a digital design game would work and expand its use when it could be possible to transfer the 2D card board pieces to a 3D/Virtual Reality world.


A 36-year-old non-smoker, chronic alcoholic female presented with recurrent episodes of epigastric pain and vomiting in the last 10 days. H/o similar episodes of pain 3 times, with last episode was noted 2 months back. She also had history of vomiting (3 episodes). Jaundice/melena/steatorrheas was not observed. Subsequently, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the patient was done and it showed well defined multiple cystic lesions with peripheral wall enhancement involving head and body of pancreas, largest measuring 24 X 22 X 22 mm in the head of the pancreas, the lesion was seen abutting antro-pyloric region anteriorly. Main pancreatic is mildly dilated measuring 4 mm in diameter. A well-defined heterogeneously hypodense (necrotic) para duodenal lesion, was noted inferior to uncinate process, m/s 22 X 20 X 20 mm, which is indicative of lymph nodal deposit. On magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP): few cystic lesions were seen scattered in the pancreatic parenchyma, with one of the cysts showing communication with main pancreatic duct (MPD) ab.


In this study the economic implications of eastward enlargement are analyzed using a multi-regional, dynamic general equilibrium model. EU's eastern enlargement is, in one respect, conventional regional integration where new entrants joins a customs union. In the common trade policy an important aspect is the specific features of the common agricultural policies of the EU. Enlargements also entails the adoption of common market institutions and legislation for the new entrants. This aspect of integration consolidates the reforms that has been taken place in the former planned economies in Central and Eastern Europe. Membership in EU provides also unconditional access to European common markets. These facts are expected to increase the business confidence in the area and lower the required rate of return on investments, which will stimulate growth in the new members.


This study analyzed the characteristics of daily flow data for eight multipurpose dams in the Korean Peninsula. According to theresults of the peak flow analysis, occurrence frequencies of peak flow in six multipurpose dams tend to increase statistically sig-nificantly. In particular, according to the analysis, Sumjin River's dam basin shows the tendency of increase in all the four indices(magnitude, timing, frequency, and duration), which implies that it suffers the biggest ecological stress than the other dam basins.According to the results of trend analysis on 7-day low flow, Sumjin River dam shows the tendency of increase in dam inflow whileAndong dam and Chungju dam indicatea statistically significant pattern of decrease. Typology analysis on the upper and lower quar-tiles shows that the increase of the upper quartile only occurs intermittently in July to August and September to October in Soyangdam or Chungju dam. The tendency of decrease in either the upper or lower quartile only occurs in turn from November to Decem-ber, January to March, March to May, and May to July. In addition, Seomjin River dam (May to December, January) and Daecheongdam (January to March, March to July) show the tendency of increase in the lower quartile only.Key words : Multi-purpose dam, Hydrologic variability, Trend, Typology analysis


The article discusses the handling principles both in the bankruptcy according to law and in the bankruptcy permitted by policy. While taking right to use allotted land as a subject matter to set mortgage, after selling-off of estate under mortgage, the cost matched with remuneration for assignment of the right to the use of land belongs to the state, the other mortgagee can be paid from the left cost. The stipulation in the document of bankruptcy permitted by policy is not appropriate, which providers that regardless of the bankruptcy enterprise's right to the use of land is gained by assignment and by allocation and regardless of whether the right to the use of land be mortgaged or not, all of the cost of selling-off of estate under mortgage firstly be used to the arrangement of the workers of bankruptcy enterprise. If a collective economic organization of peasants had taken the collective right to the use of land as shares to enter a bankruptcy enterprise, the collective right of the use of land should be treated the same as insolvent property.


Recent developments in technology have remarkably increased the need for the quantitative analysis of data, often in ways which are difficult to satisfy by standard software. What has to be done in such cases is to build new software, and this kind of task usually leads to the problem of statistical modelling. Thus, statistical modelling is the task not only of expert statisticians, but of all those concerned with data analysis. Hence, the increasing need for the data analyst who is capable of developing new models. Hence, some part of teaching time has to be spared to teach the art of model building. Typical steps for statistical problem solving are: model building; model fitting; model evaluationlselection; interpretation of the results. Here, we restrict ourselves to cases where the models are expressed in the form of probability distributions for observed data. We shall discuss the software and hardware which are required to accomplish the above process in a lecture-room. Note that the availability of a computer is assumed as a matter of course.


children (if this is not incompatible with their welfare) if the other party, being innocent, so desires. Unfortunately, however, this sanction operates more effectively against the wife than against the husband, and thus the penalty for her adultery becomes heavier than for his. Moreover the introduction of considerations of justice as between parents is difficult to reconcile with the Act of 1925 (s. 1) which, after making the infant's welfare the paramount consideration, directs that the court " shall not take into consideration whether from any other point of view the claim of the father . . . is superior to that of the mother, or the claim of the mother is superior to that of the father." Does this not preclude the court from putting matrimonial innocence or guilt as such into the balance at all?


In order to control vehicle exhaust emission effectively, an OBD is developed based on Zigbee technology. Overall solution design of the system is proposed and the vehicle-mounted monitoring database is established. The wireless network communication hardware platform is set up by the MC9S08GT60 microcontroller and the MC13192 wireless module. The project document is produced with the help of BeeKit wireless connectivity toolkit. Under the CodeWarrior IDE development environment, the monitoring station coordinator networking program and the vehicle-mounted terminal device networking program are designed. Experimental results shows that this system complete data exchange between the monitoring station coordinator and the vehicle-mounted terminal device and transfer data into monitoring station computer. The wireless network of OBD is realized.


With the rapid development of new energy,the market competition of battery industry is increasingly competitive,which made the transformation ability of intellectual property rights in core technology become an important factor for enterprises to survive and develop.This article analysed the status of intellectual property rights in battery industry,put forward some relevant development strategy.


With the development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), it is more and more important to recognise the image obtained by SAR. SAR is a useful tool for geoscience and remote sensing, and there are a large amount of SAR images and products. How to quickly identify and process this massive information in the shortest time and find the target in time is the focus of research in this field. In the traditional processing method, the digital processing is used. It is time and storage consumption due to its massive data. This study proposes optical methods for target recognisation of SAR images. In this method, it takes the advantages of high speed and high resolution in optical processing methods to solve the bottleneck encountered by traditional methods. The method is based on an optical correlator. The optical processing method has a large capacity for a single processing and has a great advantage over the simple calculation method in processing speed. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optical processing method.


Directions for removal of conservatory measures in the matter of trustee Marshall Sone and Marshall Sone Receiver and Trustee Limited (October 12, 2011).


This paper focuses on a finite element analysis of contact phenomena with large sliding between charged‐hydrated biological soft tissues, such as articular cartilages, based on the triphasic theory. The impenetrability constraint between the contacting bodies and the continuity of the interstitial fluid and ion phases at the contact surfaces are imposed by applying a Lagrange multiplier approach with the contact pressure, chemical potential of the fluid and electrochemical potentials of ions as Lagrange multipliers. A node‐to‐segment one‐pass approach is adopted to cope with large deformations and sliding between the contact surfaces. To pass the contact patch test, contact boundary integrations are performed on both the master and slave contact surfaces. On the other hand, the degrees of freedom of the multipliers at the master nodes are eliminated by projecting the master nodes onto the slave surface to avoid overconstraint. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by a couple of numerical examples, in which continuous distributions of displacement, fluid flow, ionic molar flow and Lagrange multipliers on or across the contact surface are confirmed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This article reviews the basic rules of evidence and procedure that provide the basis for the introduction of expert testimony into court. Second, it reviews some of the findings of social psychology regarding expert testimony, primarily the ways in which the structure of society affects what information will reach the court and what is the readiness of the factfinder to deal with that information. Finally, it reports original data on jurors' assessments of a variety of witnesses (physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, chemists, document examiners, polygraph examiners, police, eyewitnesses, firearms experts, and accountants and appraisers). Jurors' differential assessments of the different experts and differences among juror subgroups are reported and some explanations for a few of those differences are tested.


A multilayer neural network (NN) controller in discrete-time is designed to deliver a desired tracking performance for a class of nonlinear systems with input deadzones. This multilayer NN controller has an adaptive critic NN architecture with two NNs for compensating the deadzone nonlinearity and a third NN for approximating the dynamics of the nonlinear system. A reinforcement learning scheme in discrete-time is proposed for the adaptive critic NN deadzone compensator, where the learning is performed based on a certain performance measure, which is supplied from a critic. The adaptive generating NN rejects the errors induced by the deadzone whereas a second NN based critic generates a signal, which is used to tune the weights of the action generating NN so that the deadzone compensation scheme becomes adaptive whereas a third multilayer NN simultaneously approximate the nonlinear dynamics of the system. Using the Lyapunov approach, the uniform ultimately boundedness (UUB) of the closed-loop tracking error and weight estimates of action generating NN, critic NN and the third NN are shown by using a novel weight update.


The effect of time-derivative nonlinearity is incorporated into the study of the modulational instability of short pulses propagating through long optical fibers. Conditions for soliton formation are discussed.


Increased requirements to the surface quality of hot-rolled products used in automobiles manufacturing and endeavor to decrease t rejections of the metal with surface defects, stipulate the necessity to increase the quality of the initial continuously casted billet (CCB). Cracks, formed in the process of crystallization, which are transformed into surface defects of rolled products during hot deformation are attributed to the surface defects of CCB. Classification of defects presented, reasons of cross cracks on CCB and their locations considered. In the course of the experiment the samples, cut from two CCBs in the place, where cross cracks were visually revealed after shot blasting and hot etching in the 50% solution of chloric acid. The cross cracks on the surface of a sample were revealed in the zone of the big side, and the other – on a rib. The longitudinal polished sections were cut from the place of cross cracks location. At the study of the polished sections multiple cracks were discovered. The width of cracks opening was different – from 0.01 up to 0.3 mm, depth in the section of the study – up to 10 mm. The locations of the cross cracks on the billets were marked by notches from two sides (method of "marked" defects). After that the billets were rolled at a one-stand reversible mill 850 for the diameter of 100 mm. At the visual inspection of the rolled product surface, obtained from the defect CCB, surface defects in the form of discontinuity flaws were discovered. The discontinuity flaws looked as metal ruptures of longitudinal and cross orientation and sometimes having a form of tongue. The degree of defects development depends on the depth and the crack location on the initial CCB. The defects which location corresponds to the CCB side have less opening, and defects which location corresponds to the initial billet rib looked as a rough fissure. Cross samples were cut in the places of defects locations on the surface of rolled product for metal science study. At the cross polished sections the defect cavity have several branches, the cavity walls are twisting, around the cavity branches and next to them, aggregation of small globular oxides and massive decarburization were observed. The defects of rolled products surface were classified as rolled-out cracks (cross orientation). The cracks depth in the section under study was 0.6–3.5 mm. Based on the results of the study the surface defects of rolled products were properly classified and reasons of their arising revealed, that will allow avoiding their formation in the future. Based on the proper classification and avoiding of the surface defects reasons, the rolled products rejects by surface defects will be considerably decreased.


This paper introduces a preliminary research work of synchronized collaborative design based on heterogeneous CAD systems. By analyzing several typical CAD systems, we set up a number of neutral commands corresponding to the basic modeling operations of CAD systems. Based on the neutral commands, communication between heterogeneous CAD systems is achieved. Furthermore, synchronised collaborative design is realized by real-time capturing and transferring of modeling operations between distributed heterogeneous CAD systems. A prototype of synchronized collaborative design is developed based on two common CAD systems MDT and SOLIDWORKS with their APIs and VC++. The preliminary test results show the proposed approach promising.


: This paper proposed an enhanced merit order (EMO) and augmented Lagrange Hopfield neural network (ALHN) for solving unit commitment problem. This problem is solved on 2 stages. At first, with the heuristic search EMO method we plan the unit scheduling. And then, we use ALHN, a continuous Hopfield neural network combines with augmented Lagrange relaxation, to solve the economic dispatch problem. The proposed method is tested on systems with 10 units, 17 units and up to 100 units. The obtained results is compared to conventional priority list (PL-ALHN) and other methods in literature. Test results show that the proposed method is totally more efficient than PL-ALHN and others for finding optimal solution of unit commitment problem. And the computer time of proposed method is vastly faster than other methods.


Recently, Anderson et al. (2012, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1222978, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619318114) and Anderson and Clapp (2018, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP08331A) proposed that summertime convectively injected water vapor over North America could lead to stratospheric ozone depletion through halogenic catalytic reactions. Such ozone loss would reduce the ozone column and increase erythemal daily dose (EDD). Using 10 years of observations over the North American monsoon region from the Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument, we find that the column ozone and EDD has a ~0.8–0.9 spatial correlation with lower stratospheric water vapor measured by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder. We show that this correlation appears to be due to the elevation of the monsoonal tropopause and associated monsoonal convection. The increase in tropopause altitude reduces the ozone column and increases EDD. We see no apparent evidence of substantial heterogeneous chemical ozone loss in lower stratospheric ozone coincident with the stratospheric monsoonal water vapor enhancement.


The upsurge interest in the development of efficient methodologies for the construction of nitrogen-containing frameworks via the use of expedient reagents have been creating a renaissance in contemporary organic chemistry. In this perspective, TBN is an emerging building block. Due to its unique structural features, it shows differential reactivity under different reaction conditions. These diverse reactivities have resulted in the construction of N-containing a diverse array of complex molecules. The primary objective of the present review is to bring the latest findings of TBN involving reactions (oxidation, diazotization, nitrosation, nitration, oximation, N-synthon, and miscellaneous reactions) into the limelight. For simplicity and brevity, each section's reactions are explained with the mechanism of formation and numerous examples.


It is experimentally shown that the response of the magnetization of a ferromagnetic rod to a low‐intensity pulsed magnetic field does not consist of an exponential decay alone, but also of a damped oscillation, if the combination of bias and pulsed fields is used. As a matter of fact, magnetoelastic waves propagating in the solid are observed as well as effects of interference.


'Some people think of psychiatry in very biomedical terms, whereas others proffer a highly psychosocial paradigm'. Whether the content of the British Journal of Psychiatry reflects a balance between these two positions is an ongoing discussion at its editorial meetings. The other balance, which may be harder to achieve, is that between content reflecting the latest advances in neurosciences and mental health research, and content translating directly into benefits for people with mental health problems. This review of related content in the British Journal of Psychiatry's sister journals, Advances in Psychiatric Treatment and The Psychiatrist for the period June–November 2012, reflects their more clinically and educationally oriented perspectives, providing opportunities for further reading.


A malar rash associated with severe gastrointestinal manifestations developed in a 4-month-old baby 3 months after a normal delivery. Serum complement and IgA levels were low during the active phase of the illness. An increased anticardiolipin antibody titer was demonstrated at the onset of disease and persisted for more than 6 months, at which time the skin and gastrointestinal manifestations subsided. The baby's mother, who had no symptoms, had an elevated Ro (SS-A) antibody titer and a moderately elevated anticardiolipin antibody titer.


The features of generation of electromagnetic radiation by semiconductor crystals in crossed electric and magnetic fields have been analyzed. Analytical relations for calculating the power of cyclotron radiation have been given. The obtained results are of interest for the purposes of obtaining the sources of electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz frequency range.


This study seeks the strategy alternatives for continuous port competitiveness of Busan port improvement in rapidly changing of environment in Northeast Asia shipping. This study aims: 1) to compare port competitiveness of Busan and Shanghai port using entropy weigh TOPSIS; 2) to seek ways to improve port competitiveness of Busan port. After searching the related criteria on port competitiveness factors for analysis, the main criteria are divided into two categories: port throughput (port throughput, throughput change rate, and transshipment cargo volume and transshipment cargo rate), port facilities (depth, the number of C/C, berth length, the number of berth, total area, storage area) criteria of Busan and Shanghai port. The empirical results indicate that Shanghai port is more competitive than Busan port in total competitiveness and port throughput criteria, and Busan port is more competitive than Shanghai port in port facilities criteria.


This study aims to analyze the effects of self-efficacy and social support on work stress for civil servant teachers in Elementary School in Pondok Kelapa Village. This study uses multiple linear regression models as the main analysis tool. This study used a sample of 81 civil servant teachers at Elementary School in Pondok Kelapa Village. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire using a Likert scale and was applied via a google form. Statistical calculations in this study were carried out using SPSS version 25. To test the hypothesis, it was carried out using the t-test and the F test. From the research that has been conducted, it has in several conclusions including 1) self-efficacy has a negative and significant effect on work stress for civil servant teachers at Elementary School in Pondok Kelapa Village, with a significance value of 0.000 (α <0.005); 2) Social support has a negative and significant effect on the work stress of civil servant teachers at Elementary School in Pondok Kelapa Village, with a significance value of 0.000 (α <0.005) and 3) Self-efficacy and social support have a significant effect on work stress for civil servant teachers at Elementary School in Pondok Kelapa Village with a significance value of 0.000 (α <0.005) and a coefficient of determination of 0.597 or 59.7%.


Objective To study the influence of blocking the expression of focal adhesion kinase(FAK) in the invasion behavior of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma-lung metastasis(SACC-LM)cells and explore its relevant mechanism.Methods The SACC-LM cells in logarithmic growth phase were selected,and randomly divided into blank control group,DMSO group and Genistein group,the Transwell chamber was used to observe the influence of Genistein in the invasion of SACC-LM cells.The SACC-LM cells were divided into blank control group,different doses of Genistein groups and Genistein groups for different treatment time,the expressions of FAK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) were detected with Western blotting.Results Compared with bland control group,the invasive ability of SACC-LM cells was reduced and the expressions of FAK and ERK protein were decreased with the increase of the inhibitor concentration and prolongation of treatment time(P0.05) in Genistein groups.Conclusion Blocking FAK expression can reduce the invasion of SACC-LM cells,the changes of FAK affect the expression of ERK protein in SACC-LM cells.


From the cultured cells of Panax notoginseng, a kind of ginseng saponin—ginsenoside Rg2, was separated and purified, and its structure was elucidated as 6-O-[α-L-rhamnose (l→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]3β, 12β, 20(S)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene [20(S)-ginsenoside Rg2]. Moreover, its bioactivity stimulates human umbilical cord vein endothelial cell proliferation; the growth of the cells treated with 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg2 was 14-fold higher than that of untreated ones, and the level of the cell's plasminogen activator (PA) was also twofold higher.


The work concerns to the study of tangencies between a piecewise smooth vector eld and its discontinuity. We consider elds de ned on manifolds, which present discontinuities of jump in a submanifold of codimension one. In the rst part, we classify all types of tangency present in generic piecewise smooth vector elds. These are nite in number and it depends on the dimension of the phase space. But, although the singularities are generic, they are not always structurally stable, because the local con guration of the orbits and the discontinuity determine some bifurcations. In the second part we do a local study of some of the tangential singularities: the fold, the cusp, the swallow tail and the double fold. We describe in great detail the behavior of the orbits next to these singularities and conclude with normal forms for each one of them. From this study it is concluded that the fold, the cusp and the swallow tail are structurally stable. On the other hand, reviewing previous studies, we see the presence of several bifurcations in the double fold of the Invisible-Invisible type, which suggest that this singularity may not be structurally stable.


Abstract The microscopic theory of dielectric response and its application to elementary excitations is discussed with particular emphasis on periodic solids for which the free-electron description is not valid. The discussion is based on a solution of Maxwell's equations which is achieved in a local wavefunction representation. Many-body effects are included within the self-consistent field approximation. The resulting dielectric-response function presents a practical scheme for a microscopic calculation of elementary excitations and their interaction in conducting as well as non-conducting crystals. As an example, the linear response of crystal electrons to a perturbing photon field is studied in detail. Results of a calculation of the optical absorption in diamond establish the importance of including both local-field and continuum excition effects. These effects are important for the identification of structures in the experimental optical spectrum with electronic inter-band transitions, and quite gen...


From a viewpoint of the pattern formation, the Keller-Segel system with the growth term is studied. This model exhibited various static and dynamic patterns caused by the combination of three effects, chemotaxis, diffusion and growth. In a special case when chemotaxis effect is very strong, some numerical experiment in [1],[22] showed static and chaotic patterns. In this paper we consider the logistic source for the growth and a shadow system in the limiting case that a diffusion coefficient and chemotactic intensity grow to infinity. We obtain the global structure of stationary solutions of the shadow system in the one-dimensional case. Our proof is based on the bifurcation, singular perturbation and a level set analysis. Moreover, we show some numerical results on the global bifurcation branch of solutions by using AUTO package.


Indonesia has passed through long hard times to stand as an independent country. The past struggles to break from colonialism out were in concordance with Indonesia's efforts to maintain and secure its territorial sovereignty. Upheavals, threats and even rebellions to leave the Republic have often arisen in various regions even since the beginning of Indonesia's independence. One of which has occurred in the Province of Aceh. The considered injustice in the distribution of benefits from natural resources has led to conflict in Aceh. To deal with this issue, through the enactment of the Law No. 11 of 2006, the central government aims to confirm the special autonomy for Aceh to induce peace as well as security and achieve social justice within the region. Besides to improve education, quality of life, health, infrastructure, accelerate economic development through the special autonomy fund allocation. How the special autonomy has been implemented hitherto and how it contributes to improve Acehnese welfare is considered critical as well as interesting to analyze. The term 'welfare' is analyzed based on four aspects of analysis namely: (1) poverty and (2) unemployment alleviation, (3) Human Development Index (HDI), and (4) Gini Ratio. The study adopted a qualitative exploratory research design by which data were derived from analysis of secondary sources through literature review. The results show that Aceh is considerably dependent on the special autonomy fund. There are also seven priority sectors set by the government, namely: infrastructure, economic empowerment, poverty alleviation, education, social, health, and Aceh privileges. Furthermore, Aceh's special autonomy fund in general has had a positive impact on the welfare of the Acehnese society besides the Gini Ratio that is still high.


Remote debugging is the basic pattern of debugging the embedded system.As a widely used debugger,GDB can't meet the full requirements of the embedded system development.A method to extend GDB was introduced,using the hardware debugging module in ARM processors.And the details of its design and implementation were described,with the ARM920T processor as an example.


SUMMARY

1
A summary of bird records in Cyrenaica, listed in systematic order, has been made from published literature, unpublished field notes of various observers, and personal observations. There are now satisfactory records of some 190 species.

2
In a collection of specimens made in March-May 1952 the following species seem to be new records for Cyrenaica:–Ardeola ralloides, Falco biarmicus, Porzana parva, Tringa erythropus, Limicola falcinellus, Glareola pratincola, Pterocles coronatus, Otus scops, Caprimulgus europaeus, Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Oenanthe isabellina, Hippolais pallida, Scotocerca inquieta, Lanius minor, Emberiza hortulana.

3
Taxonomic notes on the collection have been made.


The illumination system used for laser active imaging has higher requirements for the divergence angle of the semiconductor laser. In this paper, ZEMAX is used to simulate the collimation effect of cylindrical lens, aspheric lens, and self-focusing lens, analyze the influence of distance and angle deviation on the collimation effect of cylindrical lens, aspherical lens, and self-focusing lens, and further simulate and use the three lens lighting system which is used for the lighting effect of laser active imaging. The results show that: compared with cylindrical lenses and self-focusing lenses, aspheric lenses are less affected by distance and angle deviation; in the illumination system of laser active imaging, the divergence angle of aspheric lenses is small, and the illumination effect is better. Aspheric lenses are more suitable for the collimating system used in laser active imaging.


Conveying means for feeding a solid (7) to a reactor (9) of an exhaust aftertreatment system with a metering device (5) for the solids (7) and a through which a conveying fluid conveying channel (2), characterized, in that from the conveying channel (2) before the end (8) of the conveying channel (2) branches off a return fluid channel (10), through which the production fluid is at least partially attributable upstream of the metering device (5).


Shape and gauge control had close relation in tandem cold rolling process,which leaded to the reduction of performance or even the instability of the control system.The profile-gauge coupling model and flatness-gauge coupling model was established based on systematic and theoretical analysis of the elements affecting shape and guage,then the complex decoupling design was completed based on systematic analysis of the two groups.After the simulation by Matlab/Simulink based on the parameter of one 6-high five stand continuous tandem cold mill,the flatness-gauge complex decoupling design approved good ability of improving the accuracy of shape and gauge.


The major components of marine sediment are efficient information to understand biological production and material source in a sea area.Calcium carbonate,iron and manganese oxy-hydroxides,organic matter,biogenic silica and residual lithogenic detritus of two surface sediment samples from the southern Yellow Sea were separated and measured with a sequential extraction method.Its applicability on coastal sediment study is examined and discussed.Each major component can be extracted completely after two-step leaching,measured with chemical analytical method and combined with gravimetry,with appropriate precision.The sum of each component reaches 98.1%~99.1% for the two sediment samples.The contents of calcium carbonate,organic matter were consistent with the inorganic and organic carbon contents determined with an element analyzer.It was thus proved that the reliability of the sequential extraction method in determination of major components of coastal sediment.


Parrots comprise one of the several taxa in which life-long learning of new vocal signals used in intraspecific communication is known to occur routinely. The functions and evolutionary bases of this ability are largely unknown. In the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus), males typically imitate their partner's contact call type during pair formation. However, a female's initial choice among unfamiliar males is not based on their production of her call type, because birds without prior social contact rarely produce the same call type. Here, we demonstrate that female budgerigars prefer unfamiliar males with calls that are similar to their own, as measured by spectrogram cross-correlation, but which are not imitations. This was shown by training females via operant conditioning to control access to movies of courting males and by systematically varying the audio tracks of these movies. Females learned this task easily and interacted with virtual males as if they were real. This methodology will be useful for exploring functions and mechanisms of social communication, because it eliminates the confounding impact of short-term changes in a stimulus individual's behavior on a test individual's response. Our results suggest that the neuroplastic vocal abilities of budgerigars, and perhaps other parrots, have been shaped by sexual selection.


More than 100 polished sections of magnetite, chromite, franklinite and jacobsite from about 50 localities were examined by ore microscopic methods. During sample preparation, two final polishing procedures were applied: (a) a 0.1 μm diamond suspension on «Microcloth», (b) an alkaline silica solution on «Microcloth». With the exception of {100} and {111} sections, procedure (a) always led to weak optical anisotropy, while with procedure (b), with the exception of five zoned magnetites, sections remained isotropic. Electron channeling pattern (ECP) images on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a strongly damaged surface for a), and a perfect, undisturbed surface structure for b). This convincingly indicates that anomalous optical anisotropy effects in the spinel group are usually caused by surface deformation caused by mechanical polishing procedures. The relation-ship between surface deformation and face symmetry leads to the isotropic appearance of deformed {100} and {111} sections and to the anisotropic appearance of low-symmetric {hkl} sections


The purpose of this study was to determine job satisfaction among accountants in Iraqi banking sector toward accounting information systems. Whereby, the population targeted accountants of banking sector in Iraq. The banks included Rasheed Bank, Bank of Baghdad, Industrial Bank, Agricultural Bank and Al-Rafidain Bank. The data was collected and managed from 71 respondents by using a structured questionnaire based on the Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire (MSQ). Then, the data was analyzed using SPSS Version 17.0 software. This study showed that the factor of accounting information system with its five dimension (skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback from the job) significantly influenced accountants' job satisfaction at banking sector in Iraq. Based on the finding, all the factors should be taken into account and consideration when any plan is to be made on the accountants' job satisfaction. This is to ensure that the accountants will deliver the best services to the bank, thus by development of accounting department with the accounting information system will get a better accounting operations and therefore will lead to the improvement of the bank in general. From this research we got a better understanding of the factors influence accountants' job satisfaction in banking sector. In the fifth chapter, some recommendations for future use to any researcher in this academic field.


BACKGROUND
Certain adipose tissue depots infer higher cardiometabolic risk than body mass index (BMI).

PURPOSE
To assess breast adipose tissue (BrAT) attenuation as a novel imaging biomarker for cardiometabolic risk.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We studied 151 women (mean age = 56 ± 1 years) across the weight spectrum. BrAT attenuation, abdominal adipose tissue cross-sectional areas (CSA), and attenuation were quantified using non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scans. Cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed from medical records.

RESULTS
BrAT attenuation was lower in obese women compared to lean women. BrAT attenuation was inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, abdominal fat CSA, fasting glucose, and triglycerides (P ≤ 0.02), and positively associated with abdominal adipose tissue attenuation (P < 0.001). BrAT attenuation had a sensitivity of 90% but a specificity of only 35% in detecting the metabolic syndrome (area under the curve = 0.63).

CONCLUSION
BrAT attenuation is associated with cardiometabolic risk markers and could serve as an imaging biomarker for opportunistic risk assessment in patients undergoing CT examination of the chest.


Objective To investigate the manifestation and the cause of protrusion deformity of the second and/or third costal cartilages after sternal elevation operation. Methods Five children (male 3, female 2) aging from 4 to 15.2 years with the second and/or third costal cartilages protrusion deformity after sternal elevation were analysed. Results The incidence was 3.29% . The time of the deformity appearance ranged from 10 to 23 months (average 14.8 months) postoperatively. The lateral chest radiography showed the thorax was slight flat. One patient underwent the deformed cartilage excision, the other 4 were continued to follow up. Conclusions The protrusion is a common deformity after sternal elevation operation. It may be related to the growth center damage of the costochondral junction. Avoiding damaging the growth center during operation might have some effects on prevention.


1 Asso. Prof., Dept. of Anatomy, KJSMC, Mumbai, India 2 Professor, Dept. of Anatomy, CC.M Med. Col. Durg, India 3 Asso. Prof, Dept of Surgery, Seth G.S. Medical College & K.E.M.H Parel, Mumbai India 4 Professor & Head, Dept. of Anatomy, Terana Med. Col, Mumbai, India Corresponding Author Dr Rakhi M. More Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, K.J.Somaiya Medical College & Research Centre, Somaiya Ayur Vihar, Everard Nagar, Sion, Mumbai 22, India Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Fertility denotes the ability of a man and woman to reproduce. Conversely, infertility denotes lack of fertility, an involuntary reduction in the ability to produce children. The aim of this study was to find out the various causes of secondary infertility in males and correlate them with the studies of previous authors. The study was carried out on 67 males with history of secondary infertility. Detailed history of these patients was taken. Clinical examination and investigations were done. Semen analysis was done. On karyotyping, Chromosomal abnormalities were found in two patients.


Aspergillus and Candida are the 2 major sources of invasive mycoses, and deaths due to these infections have been increasing overall during the past 2 decades. Antimicrobial resistance is an important concern, but the extent of resistance among fungi remains largely undefined. Assessing resistance patterns is essential to determine optimal treatment strategies. For invasive Candida infections, the echinocandins and broad-spectrum triazoles are more potent than fluconazole and amphotericin B against significant clinical isolates of Candida, including the increasing number of fluconazole-resistant isolates (ie, C glabrata and C krusei). For invasive aspergillosis, 2 new approaches have the potential to improve on the hitherto abysmal mortality figures. Voriconazole has potent activity against Aspergillus and appears to be fungicidal, at least in neutropenic rabbit models of invasive aspergillosis. Voriconazole is active against all Aspergillus species and has been shown to be superior to amphotericin B in clinical trials of invasive aspergillosis. Caspofungin treatment of Aspergillus results in decreased angioinvasion and decreased pulmonary infarcts in animal models of invasive aspergillosis. However, its use as a primary therapy or as combination therapy is an outstanding question that still remains to be answered. To correlate in vitro and in vivo data, we suggest the "90-60 rule": (bacterial or fungal) infections due to susceptible isolates respond to appropriate therapy about 90% of the time, and infections due to resistant isolates or those treated with inappropriate antimicrobials respond about 60% of the time. Our recommendations involve a stepwise approach to using in vitro susceptibility data for selection of fungal therapy. (Adv Stud Med. 2004;4(4A):S269-S275)


The invention provides a celecoxib-containing solid dispersion and a preparation method thereof. The celecoxib-containing solid dispersion comprises celecoxib and copovidone. The celecoxib-containing solid dispersion provided by the invention has the advantages of high rigidity, good friability and moderate glass temperature, can be suitable for large-scale industrialized production and overcomes the defects of low glass temperature, soft material, easy melting and bonding, difficulty in crushing and the like of a celecoxib solid dispersion which takes polyethylene glycol as a carrier.


The carbon and nitrogen 1s near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of CO/NiO(100) and NO/NiO(100) were
 calculated by the multiple-scattering cluster (MSC) method. The calculation shows that the shape resonance in C 1s NEXAFS spectra is attributed to the photoelectron scattered between the carbon atom and the substrate, and the weak features near the π-resonance are caused by the shake-up effect. R-factor calculation demonstrates for the first time that the CO molecule is adsorbed at the asymmetric bridge site of the NiO(100) surface; the adsorption height of the carbon atom in the CO molecule is equal to 0.31±0.01 nm. Our MSC calculation
 supports former ab initio studies and the experimental results, i.e., CO/NiO(100)
 is a physisorption
 system, while NO/NiO(100) is a weak chemisorption system.