When dealing with uncertainties in the supply chain and ensuring customer satisfaction, efficient management of lead time plays a significant role. Likewise, besides managing inventory and pricing strategies adeptly in multi-retailer supply chains, it has become inevitable for firms to embrace green and sustainable business practices. In this context, this paper considers a two-level supply chain consisting of a single manufacturer and multiple retailers in which the manufacturer produces a single product and delivers it to the retailers in equal-sized batches. Each retailer faces a price and green-sensitive market demand. The lead time is assumed to be a random variable that follows a normal distribution. Shortages for retailer inventory are allowed to occur and are completely backlogged. The centralized model and a decentralized model based on the leader-follower Stackelberg gaming approach are developed. A price discount mechanism between the manufacturer and retailers is proposed. For the acceptance of this contract, the upper and lower limits of the price discount rate are established. Numerical outcomes exhibit that the price discount mechanism effectively coordinates the supply chain and enhances both environmental and economical performances. A sensitivity analysis with respect to some key parameters is performed, and certain managerial insights are emphasized.


Japan Astrobiology Network (JABN); Institute of Space and Astronautical Science,; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA/ISAS); Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology (ELSI/Tokyo Tech); Astrobiology Division, Center for Novel Science Initiatives,; National Institutes for Natural Sciences (NINS/CNSI); Sagamihara City Museum.


Proton exchange and subsequent heat treatment can yield single‐domain layers at the surfaces of initially multidomain z‐cut LiTaO3. The thickness of these single‐domain layers is equal to the thickness of the domain‐inverted layer that the same processing parameters cause in initially single‐domain samples. This letter also describes how the domain structure develops when heat treatment is carried out above the Curie temperature. The results are discussed in relation to a recently proposed model for the domain‐inversion mechanism.


It has been found that under proper conditions thin dielectric films on the electrodes of certain types of cylindrical cross capacitors tend only to produce equal and opposite contributions to the phase angles of the two cross capacitances. To a lesser degree, this same type of cancellation effect has been found to be associated with toroidal cross capacitors.


Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis where a third of the world's population is estimated to have been infected by the disease and has become the center of world attention with many control efforts that have been carried out, incidents that have attracted the attention of health workers in the form of death , although the death rate has decreased, new TB cases continue to increase this is caused by the lack of education and undisciplined behavior by tuberculosis sufferers. The purpose of this study is knowledge and behavior of taking medication before health education, knowledge and behavior of taking medication after health education and analyzing the effect of health education on the application of the Health Belief Model theory on knowledge and behavior of taking medication in tuberculosis patients in the working area of the Batang-Batang Health Center. This research is a quantitative pre-experimental approach with a cross sectional survey design on 100 tuberculosis patients at the Batang-Batang Health Center, Sumenep Regency, the sample was taken using a simple random sampling method. Data collection uses a data collection format, a parametric test type questionnaire with interval data type using a Likert scale with a range of 1, then the data is analyzed using paired T test and linear regression test. The results showed that almost all respondents had knowledge before being given sufficient education category as many as 85 respondents (85%) and almost all respondents had behavior before being given sufficient education category as many as 86 respondents (86%), almost all respondents had knowledge after being given education at good category as many as 97 respondents (97%) and almost all respondents have behavior after being given education in the good category as many as 99 respondents (99%) and there is a relationship between Health Belief Theory on knowledge and drug-taking behavior in tuberculosis patients in the working area of Batang-Batang Public Health Center.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between Health Belief Theory on knowledge and behavior of taking medication for tuberculosis patients in the working area of Batang-Batang Public Health Center. With the patient's knowledge that is still lacking, it can be improved by providing adequate information/education, especially about tuberculosis related causes, signs and symptoms, treatment and prevention including how to take the right medicine.


This paper presents the results of a research conducted on the effect of wearing chipper knives on machine performance - in terms of productivity and fuel consumption - and particles size distribution. Blade wear causes a significant reduction of chipping productivity and a remarkable increase of fuel consumption. For the same screen type and knife wear level, productivity and fuel consumption are the same for the two species analyzed, poplar and pine. The use of a narrower screen has a similar effect, further decreasing productivity and increasing fuel consumption. Concerning chip size distribution, chips produced from logs always contain a smaller proportion of oversize particles and a higher proportion of accepts. For the same large mesh screen, poplar chips tend to be larger than pine chips and to restrain a higher proportion of oversize particles. Conversely, pine chips tend to be smaller and to contain a higher proportion of fines.


This article examines Brian Epstein's A Cellarful of Noise (1964) as a distinctly late-Victorian example of life writing that is masking as much as revealing its subject and exposing internalized homophobia in the period between 1957's Wolfenden Report and 1967's Sexual Offences Act in the ostensibly sexually liberated 1960s. The article considers the relationship between early popular music autobiography and celebrity self-promotion, mediated authorship, addiction memoir, and the revelation of the queer gaze in Epstein's account of his first encounter with the Beatles.


In order to research the relationship between gene F25 and Monopterus albus sex reversal, firstly, we used quantitative PCR technology to analyze the gene expression in different gonadal tissues, then used situ hybridization technique to synthesize cRNA probes and locate the F25 gene differential expression at different periods. The results showed that the gene expressed little in ovary at stage II and III, and began to increase rapidly in ovary at stage IV, meanwhile, its expression also showed different degrees with the ovarian maturation, ovulation, degradation, its expression reached maximum in the testis. By positioning analysis, we found that the gene was not essential in the early ovary and mainly expressed in somatic cells in ovary at stage of IV and V, whereas there was no F25 gene expression in germ cells of the testes, which indicated that F25 gene may play a role in the process of sex reversal and affect on the somatic gonad tissues.


The invention provides a multilevel efficient replaceable type smoke waste heat using system which is used in a thermal power station. The multilevel efficient replaceable type smoke waste heat using system comprises a boiler, an air pre-heater, a smoke-condensed water (supplied water) heat exchanger, an absorption tower and smoke-air heat exchangers. The air pre-heater comprises a smoke side portion and an air side portion and smoke from the boiler is received through a smoke duct. The smoke from the boiler is received by the smoke-condensed water (supplied water) heat exchanger through a branch smoke duct communicated with the smoke duct so as to heat the condensed water or the supplied water. The smoke-air heat exchangers are respectively arranged on the smoke side portion of the air pre-heater and downstream of the smoke-condensed water (supplied water) heat exchanger and are connected with an inlet of the absorption tower. The smoke exhausted by the air pre-heater and the smoke-condensed water (supplied water) heat exchanger is received by the smoke-air heat exchangers, wherein, air heated by the smoke-air heat exchangers is connected with the air side portion of the air pre-heater.


Facial nerve paralysis is a common clinical entity found in routine practice. A facial palsy is a form of facial disfigurement and the patient usually experience severe psychological and social manifestations. Although facial palsy is not a life-threatening disease, it is associated with higher rates of morbidity along with social stigma if stays for a longer period. Although there are several studies for etiologies, clinical presentations and management for facial nerve paralysis palsy, but the majority do not provide any insight into the social impact of facial palsy. Facial palsy has several ranges of effects on the quality of life. It can affect in a variety of ways such as difficulty in facial expression, speech, vision, drinking and eating. It can also result in physical discomfort and psychosocial manifestations. Functional and aesthetic deficits in facial nerve paralysis impair the quality of life in affected patients. Management of the social stigma related to facial palsy is more challenging and can be resolved with medications, surgery, facial exercises and proper counselling with patients and their family members. This review article provides an overview of the social and psychological impact of facial nerve paralysis.


It has been shown recently that, for coherence based speech enhancement methods, cross-spectral subtraction is an efficient technique that can reduce the correlated noise components. The zero-phase filtering criterion used by these methods is derived from the standard coherence function that is modified to incorporate the noise cross-power spectrum between input signals. However, there has been partial success at applying these methods when the speech processing is performed under harsh acoustic conditions or when channels process data gathered by microphones in close proximity. This paper proposes an alternative method which uses a phase-based filtering criterion by substituting the cross-power spectrum of the corrupted signals by its real part. A simplified noise power spectral density (PSD) estimator is applied on the estimated speech spectrum as an adaptive post-filtering to reduce the cosine shaped power spectrum of the remaining residual noise to a minimum spectral floor. Using that adaptive post-filter, a soft-decision procedure is implemented to control the amount of noise suppression. Experimental results show a performance improvement in terms of segmental signal-to noise-ratio (SNR) of about 4 dB and 2 dB on average over Zelinski and Zhang approaches, respectively.


The Economics of Environmental Protection presents a selection of Peter Bohm's most important essays on policy issues concerning externalities and public goods. Most of the issues relate to environmental policy.


Conductivity measurements of iron-doped a-Al2O3 by Pappis and Kingery are interpreted on the basis of a model in which ionic defects are the major defect species. The analysis leads to equilibrium constants for the establishment of non-stoichiornetry in Al2O3 and for the oxidation-reduction of divalent to trivalent iron, and to the position of the electronic level of Fe2+ (=FeA1′) in the gap at Er+ 3.66 eV.


After survey data are collected, data items for which no response was given must be dealt with. In one commonly used procedure, hot deck imputation, a value from an item respondent is donated to a similar item nonrespondent for whom the value is missing. Using this procedure, nonresponse bias can be minimized for point estimates produced from the imputation-revised data set, and the underlying distribution of responses can be maintained. This paper describes algorithms for carrying out the steps necessary for the hot deck imputation procedure. The first two sets of algorithms relate to how initial values can be assigned for the hot deck and how the data can be sorted prior to the imputation procedure. The third set of algorithms comprise the hot deck procedure itself. SAS code is provided for the three procedures. Introduction When conducting a survey, whether it be by mail, telephone, or inperson, not all sampled persons will respond, and not all responding persons will answer all questions intended for them to answer. When preparing and editing survey data for analysis, one must consider how to deal with various types of missing information. When a sampled person does not respond to the survey, this is called unit or total nonresponse. In general, information relating to total nonrespondents is not directly considered in analysis; instead, a weighting adjustment is made to account for the missing data, using information available for all sampled persons (see Cox and Cohen 1985, Cox 1991). Among those who respond to a survey, certain questions are not intended for all respondents. Depending on the answer to a previous question, a respondent may be skipped out of a question or series of questions that are inapplicable to him or her. Other than coding missing responses due to legitimate skip patterns so that they are identifiable as legitimately skipped, nothing else is required to deal with this type of "missing" data. The remaining type of missing data, item nonresponse, occurs when a question for which a response should have been obtained was not answered. When a respondent fails to complete a requested data item, one option is to impute, or substitute, a valid response for the missing value. If such an imputation is done carefully, nonresponse bias should be minimized in any estimates derived using such imputed responses. In some cases, missing responses can be logically imputed; that is, using other responses, a certain response to the missing data item logically follows. For example, if it is known that the respondent's first name is "Mary," but gender is a missing data item, then gender can be logically imputed to be "female." Other types of imputation, using mean or modal values, or using a predictive model approach are sometimes used for the remaining instances of item nonresponse (Kalton 1983). However, these methods can wreak havoc with estimates of the variance. Of course, a decision can be made not to impute for missing data items at all. For categorical variables with missing responses, a missing value code may be created and maintained, whereas for numerical variables, the items would be left with a missing data value. To the extent that those who do not answer a particular question are different from those that do respond, the estimate based only on actual responses will be biased. Persons with key data items missing are occasionally treated the same way that total nonrespondents are; that is, they are dropped from the analysis and adjusted for in the weighting process. One type of imputation strategy commonly employed in the preparation of analysis files is called hot deck imputation. In this technique, a nonmissing value from one respondent is donated to a respondent with the missing data item from a donor thought to be similar to the recipient. All respondents are categorized into homogeneous classes, using variables thought to be strongly or even uniquely associated with the missing data item being imputed. Additionally, within classes, respondents are sometimes sorted by variables thought to be related to the imputed data item or to its propensity for nonresponse, so that data records ending up adjacent to one another are similar with respect to the variables associated with the missing data item. For additional descriptions and illustrations of hot deck procedures, see Cox and Cohen 1985; Chapman 1976; Kalton 1983; Ford 1983; and Sande 1982. A method no longer commonly used is cold deck imputation. It is similar in approach to hot deck imputation, but uses donors from an outside data source. There are basically two types of hot deck imputation commonly employed: (1) unweighted sequential hot deck imputation and (2) weighted sequential hot deck imputation. The "sequential" in both methods refers to procedures in which the last encountered respondent's data from within the same imputation class is substituted for the recipient's missing value when a missing response is encountered for a particular data item. In the weighted procedure, sampling weights are used in determining which donor is used (Cox 1980, Iannachione 1982). In the unweighted procedure, sampling weights are ignored, and each donor within a class has


It discusses relation between shopping center with urban environment from commonality angle, illustrates that shopping center without meeting requirement of people for public space, and points out should strengthen public research for special space to realize free public space.


The efficacy of standard radiation therapy (RT) in glioblastoma (GBM) is limited, and there is a strong rationale to develop effective radiosensitizing agents. ATM is a key regulator of DNA damage induced by RT, and small molecule ATM inhibitors have shown radio-sensitizing effects in cancer cells, and may improve radio-sensitivity in GBM. Here, we evaluated the brain penetrant ATM inhibitor AZD1390 in combination with RT in GBM cell lines and patient derived xenografts (PDXs). AZD1390 (30 nM and higher) suppressed ionizing radiation-(5 Gy, IR) induced phosphorylation of ATM-Serine1981 and downstream signaling proteins Kap1, Chk2 and H2AX in GBM established cell lines (U251 and U87) and PDX lines (GBM12, GBM39 and GBM43). In cell cycle analysis, 30nM AZD1390 enhanced the IR induced G2/M arrest in U251 (80.6% with AZD1390/IR vs. 64.6% with IR alone, p= 0.01) and PDX lines GBM43 (61.9% vs. 25.7%, p= 0.01) and GBM39 (40.9% vs. 25.4%, p= 0.01). Moreover, in a U251 clonogenic survival assay, AZD1390 sensitized cells to IR-(5 Gy) induced killing (0.24% survival with AZD1390/RT vs. 2.3% with IR alone, P=0.01). For in vivo radiation combination studies, mice with established orthotopic tumors were irradiated to the cerebrum through opposed laterals with a 225 kVp stereotactic animal irradiator. While the hard palate and upper tongue were in the radiation target, the oropharynx and hypopharynx were spared with this radiation set up. A pilot study of RT combined with AZD1390 was evaluated in mice with established U251 orthotopic tumors using cohorts of 5 mice per arm. AZD1390 was given concurrently with conventionally fractionated radiation (2 Gy x 5 fractions) at a dose of 20 mg/kg PO delivered either daily or twice daily, with or without the efflux inhibitor elacridar. RT alone was well tolerated with minimal weight loss but was ineffective (median survival 30 days vs. 33 days in control group, p=0.5). In contrast, all of the RT/AZD1390 treatment arms exhibited enhanced but tolerable weight loss and had significant extension in symptom-free survival that currently extends beyond 65 days (median survival no reached). In conclusion, AZD1390 is an effective radio-sensitizer in vitro, and survival benefit from AZD1390 combined with conventionally fractionated RT in U251 models is encouraging. Further evaluation of efficacy across additional PDX models and careful analysis of the pharmacodynamic effects in tumor vs. normal tissues will be important to understand the therapeutic window for this agent in combination with RT. Citation Format: Jiajia Chen, Shiv K. Gupta, Gaspar J. Kitange, Ann C. Mladek, Brett L. Carlson, Lihong He, Zeng Hu, Katrina K. Bakken, Danielle M. Burgenske, Margaret A. Connors, Jann N. Sarkaria. Targeting ATM with AZD1390 for radio-sensitization of glioblastoma patient derived xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6506.


The capability of six two-equation Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models for simulation of a non-swirl coal flame in a pilot-scale furnace has been investigated. These turbulence models—the standard k-ϵ model, re-normalization group (RNG) k-ϵ model, modified k-ϵ model, Wilcox k-ω model, Menter k-ω model (also called BSL model), and Shear-stress transport (SST) model—are assessed with the use of measured gas phase velocity, temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide volume fraction data from the literature. Predictions of the standard k-ϵ model, RNG k-ϵ model, BSL, and SST model are generally in good agreement with the experimental data. The Wilcox k-ω model generally overpredicts O2 volume fraction and underpredicts CO2 volume fraction. The modified k-ϵ model yields results that have large discrepancies from measurements.


Three remote control schemes of anti-outburst rig which used in coal mine were designed, they are remote control by converter, remote control by multi-speed motor and remote control by hydraulic. For the uncertainty of evaluation index and its weight in the evaluation process, evaluation index were reduced by principal component analysis, weight was eliminated by information entropy, the final score obtained by weighted multiplication method. Finally, evaluation index system of remote control scheme for anti-outburst rig was established, three schemes were evaluated by principal component analysis and information entropy method, and remote control by multi-speed motor was the best solution.


Z. Adam was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, the Lewis and Clark Fund for Exploration Research (NASA Astrobiology Institute and American Philosophical Society), the Tobacco Root Geological Society, the Belt Association, the D.L. Smith Fund, and a Geobiology Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Agouron Institute.


I congratulate Patel et al[1][1] for their careful examination and publication of risk factors in their article "Risk Factors for Perceptual-versus-Interpretive Errors in Diagnostic Neuroradiology" and the American Journal of Neuroradiology for publishing it. This article is particularly


Under selection by neutralizing antibodies, the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 undergoes rapid evolution within hosts, particularly in regions encoding the five variable loops (V1-V5). Indel polymorphisms are abundant in these loops, where they can facilitate immune escape by modifying the length, composition and glycosylation profile of these structures. Here, we present a comparative analysis of within-host indel rates and characteristics within the variable regions of gp120. We analyzed a total of 3,437 HIV-1 gp120 sequences sampled longitudinally from 29 different individuals using coalescent models in BEAST. Next, we used Historian to reconstruct ancestral sequences from the resulting tree samples, and fit a Poisson generalized linear model to the distribution of indel events to estimate their rates in the five variable loops. Overall, the mean insertion and deletion rates were 1.6 × 10−3 and 2.5 × 10−3/ nt / year, respectively, with significant variation among loops. Insertions and deletions also followed similar length distributions, except for significantly longer indels in V1 and V4 and shorter indels in V5. Insertions in V1, V2, and V4 tended to create new N-linked glycosylation sites significantly more often than expected by chance, which is consistent with positive selection to alter glycosylation patterns.


Cr(vi) is a great threat to the ecological environment and human health, so it is urgent to remove Cr(vi) from the environment. In this study, a novel silica gel adsorbent SiO2–CHO–APBA containing phenylboronic acids and aldehyde groups was prepared, evaluated and applied for removing Cr(vi) from water and soil samples. The adsorption conditions including pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of Cr(vi), temperature and time were optimized. Its ability in removing Cr(vi) was investigated and compared with three other common adsorbents, SiO2–NH2, SiO2–SH and SiO2–EDTA. Data showed SiO2–CHO–APBA had the highest adsorption capacity of 58.14 mg g−1 at pH 2 and could reach adsorption equilibrium in about 3 h. When 50 mg SiO2–CHO–APBA was added in 20 mL of 50 mg L−1 Cr(vi) solution, more than 97% of Cr(vi) was removed. A mechanism study revealed that a cooperative interaction of both the aldehyde and boronic acid groups is attributed to Cr(vi) removal. The reducing function was gradually weakened with the consumption of the aldehyde group, which was oxidized to a carboxyl group by Cr(vi). This SiO2–CHO–APBA adsorbent was successfully used for the removal of Cr(vi) from soil samples with satisfactory results which indicates a good potential in agriculture and other fields.


Amidomycin, an antibiotic active primarily against yeast, has been isolated from a Streptomyces species. The Compound C10H68O12N4. is neutral, optically active, and shows no unsaturation nor characteristic light absorption maxima. It is composed of 4 moles each of D(−)-valine and D(−)-α-hydroxyisovaleric acid, linked alternately by ester and amide bonds to form a 24-membered ring (I). This structure is assigned from the following observations: on mild alkaline hydrolysis 4 moles of alkali are consumed with formation of a hydroxy acid, C10H19O4N (II). The latter on distillation gave a crystalline lactone, C10H17O3N, considered to be 3,6-diisopropyl-2,5-diketomorpholine (III), which was hydrolyzed to give 1 mole each of D(−)-valine and D(−)-α-hydroxyisovaleric acid.Amidomycin is closely related to valinomycin, an antibiotic isolated from Streptomycesfulvissimus and shown to be a 24-membered ring compound containing D(−)-valine, D(−)-α-hydroxyisovaleric acid, L(+)-valine, and L(−)-lactic acid. It also resemb...


We present radial velocity measurements for globular clusters in M60, a giant elliptical galaxy in the Virgo Cluster. Target globular cluster candidates were selected using Washington photometry based on deep 16′ × 16′ images taken at the KPNO 4 m telescope and using VI photometry derived from Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 archival images. The spectra of the target objects were obtained with the Multi-Object Spectrograph at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. We have measured the radial velocities of 111 objects in the field of M60: 93 globular clusters (72 blue globular clusters with 1.0 ≤ C–T1 < 1.7, and 21 red globular clusters with 1.7 ≤ C–T1 < 2.4), 11 foreground stars, six small galaxies, and the nucleus of M60. The measured velocities of the 93 globular clusters range from ~500 to ~1600 km s−1, with a mean value of 1070+ 27−25 km s−1, which is in good agreement with the velocity of the nucleus of M60 (vgal = 1056 km s−1). Combining our results with data from the literature, we present a master catalog of radial velocities for 121 globular clusters in M60. The velocity dispersion of the clusters in the master catalog is found to be 234+ 13−14 km s−1 for the entire sample, 223+ 13−16 km s−1 for 83 blue globular clusters, and 258+ 21−31 km s−1 for 38 red globular clusters.


The method of gradient heatmetry made it possible to obtain the distribution of local heat flux per unit area for boiling of subcooled water on the surface of the ball.


This paper described the effect of the diesel cetane number on exhaust emissions characteristics according to various additives. In addition, the emission characteristics of test fuels blended with three additives (GTL, biodiesel and additive for improving CN) were analyzed and the potential for uses of these additives were evaluated in this study. To achieve this purpose, the test diesel vehicle with a two-thousand cubic centimeter displacement was used to analyze the emission characteristics according to the CN. Also, the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) was applied as the test mode which is widely used as the test method for environmental certification of diesel vehicles. To analyze the characteristics of HAPs, the VOCs and PAHs were analyzed from the BTEX and the particulate matter, respectively. The analysis results revealed that the CO emissions show the largest reduction rate while the NOx+THC emissions are reduced at a low as the CN got higher. In the NEDC mode, the PM emissions in the EUDC mode were found to be at a lower level than those in the UDC mode. As for the VOCs and PAHs characteristics, the VOCs of the CN 58 show the lowest amounts. Also, the PAHs of diesel blended with GTL show the highest level, followed by those of diesel blended with biodiesel and diesel blended with cetane additive.


Value management is an effective approach to enhance the investment efficiency and the value of construction projects.VM has great significance when it is applied in construction field and real estate industry.This paper summarizes the difference and relationships between VE and VM and the applying status of VE/VM in construction projects in China.Established the logic dimension,time dimension and knowledge dimension of CPVMS are constructed based on "Hall's three-dimensional structure" in order to provide the project manager with a tech-economic and managerial thoughts.


In this article, the implementation of CIF together with ATM is presented using Linux with scheduling algorithms plus the algorithm TPVP. Tests have been designed, with which to monitor the behaviour of parameters related to traffic in real time. The programs needed to carry out these tests have been developed. The results obtained, are in line with those attained previously.


In Reply. —Our article represented a retrospective study of bacterial infections recorded in the medical records and postmortem reports of a group of patients with injured spinal cords and end-stage renal disease who were treated with long-term dialysis. Dr Alday was involved in the nephrologic care of some of the patients described in our study, and she performed in an outstanding manner. We, therefore, acknowledged her services in the article and in several other articles pertaining to this patient population as an expression of our gratitude for her exemplary performance. We wish to indicate that the reported occurrence of various infections in no way reflects on her treatment of these patients. In fact, while urinary tract infections were invariably present and bedsores were common, the incidence of blood access infection and peritonitis were remarkably low during Dr Alday's directorship of the unit. This was primarily due to her meticulous care


The set of state rules defines how prison visitors should behave and dress, as well as stipulates rules on the transportation of inputs into prison. In this ethnographic research, conducted in queues in two female prisons in southern Brazil, we sought to understand the different meanings attributed by women and men to the body searches performed at the visitors' entrance in penitentiary facilities. We also sought to investigate perceptions about body and material searches performed at jail checkpoints. The collected narratives refer to the different means of inspection, which vary according to the visitor's gender and the gender of the confined persons, since some technologies are only available in male prisons. In the case of prisons for women, female interlocutors complain about the lack of hygiene of a knife used to pierce the transported food items and of the bench used to inspect only women's (and not men's) private parts. Thus, under the guise of containing potential dangers, bodies and goods undergo inspection procedures that visitors view as unclean. At the same time, institutional support for the transportation of hygiene and cleaning products gives visitors the condition of purifying agents of the dangerous and dirty prison space.


This study was conducted to review perceptions about digital Islamic banking within the scope of Islamic economics from a scientific perspective in published journals discussing the development of digital Islamic banking. The method used is descriptive statistical analysis with meta and sentiment analysis from secondary data in the form of 70 published papers in the last seven years which are then processed using Ms. Excel 2019 and SentiStrength. The results show that research on digital Islamic banking in the scientific literature has increased in quantity every year. The sentiment analysis results show that the differences of opinion among experts regarding digital Islamic banking tend to be varied, with the positive sentiment of 36%, then negative sentiment of 18%, and negative sentiment of 46%. This study is the first to discuss sentiment analysis on the theme of digital Islamic banking with secondary data with a publication span of the last seven years.


In appraising the potential commercial viability of the product of a synfuels project, investors and sponsors should look to the Energy Security Act as a major guide in assessing the extent and nature of the support that can be expected from the federal government. This article examines several statutes and regulatory activities, along with the Act, from the perspective of the economics of marketing synthetic fuels. It concludes that government participation is likely to change, especially in the case of incentives to commercial development through the Synthetic Fuels Corporation, despite the underlying premise that market forces alone will not ensure the timely development of synthetic fuels. 153 references.


Existing work on gait recognition is focused on casual (western) customs hence not suitable for the Gulf region where long gowns are used for both men and women. This paper proposes a gait recognition solution that is suitable for both Gulf customs and casual customs. The solution is based on computing an adaptive image prediction between consecutive images. The resultant predictions are then accumulated into one image and transformed using either Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) or Radon transformation. The feature vectors of the gait are computed from such transformed images. Feature modeling based on polynomial networks follows. The proposed solution is tested on a dataset with around 100 participants with mixed genders and mixed customs. The proposed system yields an impressive classification rates approaching 100% accuracy.


This qualitative study explores the in- and out-of-school experiences that could have influenced elementary preservice teachers' beliefs and attitudes toward learning and teaching science.  Participants were 126 Latina/o EC-6 preservice teachers in the context of a 16-week undergraduate level elementary methods course. Data sources consisted of written reflections and semi-structure interviews. Findings show that preservice Latino teachers' views about science can be determined by multiple factors, being the most important, their science teachers' attitudes and the type of instruction they received as students from elementary through high school. Participation in science activities with their families and media influence were other factors.  Implications relate to creating more engaging science lessons and valuing in- and outside school students' everyday experiences. These findings add to a growing literature on educational attainment gaps in the STEM field.


Following Milward and Moravcsik's injunction that the analysis of European integration requires evidence-based empirical observation, this article focuses on one area of state activity - the armed forces - to illustrate the current trajectory of state transformation in Europe. The article argues that European armed forces are becoming 'transnational'. They are undergoing a process of concentration and transnationalization. Budgets and resources are focusing on specialist military units, organized into joint rapid reaction forces, which are co-operating at an increasingly lower level with other similarly concentrated units in other states. The article concludes by suggesting that the transnationalization of the armed forces reflects the wider transformation of states; across a range of activities, states are contracting to concentrate on their core functions and co-operating ever more closely with each other to fulfil them.


Although there are plenty of merits for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, their undesired shuttle effect and insulated nature are hindering the practical applications. Here, a conductive metal-organic framework (MOF)-modified separator has been designed and fabricated through a facile filtration method to address the issues. Specifically, its intrinsic microporous structure, hydrophilic polar property, and conductive feature could make it easy to contact with and trap polysulfides and boost the kinetics of electrochemical reactions. Both the physical and chemical properties of the as-prepared separator are beneficial to alleviating the shuttle effect and enhancing the rate capability. Accordingly, the electrochemical performance of the battery with a MOF-modified separator was significantly improved.


Based on a paper presented at the UKSG seminar 'Measure for Measure, or Much Ado About Nothing? Measuring the quality and value of online journals', London, Thursday 14 June 2007 The Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), based on peer review, has enabled the UK to improve its comparative international research performance. But the RAE is changing after 2008 to a system based on metrics, within which a bibliometric quality indicator will be a critical component. Bibliometrics, using publication and citation counts, have many advantages and have been extensively developed over the last 20 years. But they also have serious challenges, some real and some apparent, and researchers will need expert advice to develop and work with an effective and supportive metrics system.This paper discusses the background to the change in metrics, identifies a range of possible problems that need to be tackled, and confirms the critical role of those with prior expertise in guiding the establishment and then the development of a sensible system.


Abstract:Prof. Armantrout here reflects on the various nuances and "notes" of the word "Folly." This commentary includes four poems: "Unquote"; "On Growth"; "Where Will You Spend Eternity"; and "Notice."


Background Mild cognitive impairment represents a cognitive state between the subject memory impairment and early dementia. Proper cognitive interventions at this period can delay its development into dementia. However, it is yet uncertain whether cognitive interventions for people affected with leprosy and mild cognitive impairment have beneficial effects. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of group-based cognitive intervention in people affected with leprosy and mild cognitive impairment Methods We consecutively recruited the PALs who came to the neurology clinic in Sorokdo National Hospital form 2018 January to September complaining with cognitive decline. Of 25 patients who visited, 10 patients were diagnosed with MCI. 5 patients agreed to participate in structured group-based cognitive intervention (CogMCI) which was validated through nation-wide randomized clinical trial. For 12 weeks, subjects received CogMCI twice per week by a trained instructor. They were assessed with Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-2 at baseline and postintervention. We performed Wilcoxon signed rank test to validate efficacy of the CogMCI program. Results In comparison to the baseline score, the subjects receiving CogMCI showed significant improvements in cognition at postintervention. Memory domain and Frontal/Executive function scores were significantly improved. K-Mini-Mental-Status-Examination was increased from 24.2 to 26.4 though not significant. K-Instrumental-Activity of Daily Living score was decreased from 0.32 to 0.18 and Short-term Geriatric Depression Scale was also decreased from 7.6 to 5.6 Conclusions CogMCI, the group-based cognitive intervention program, resulted in cognitive improvements, especially in memory and frontal/executive function domains in PALs with MCI. Further study is needed to assess the persistent effect of cognitive intervention program after it is discontinued.


Waxes, included beeswax, as one of the most versatile natural substances ever used by man, have already been used in people's life widely for a long time. Current dental waxes are mixture of paraffin's, microcrystalline waxes, natural and synthetic raw materials. However, waxes characterize same disadvantage as plasticity and law stability of volume after melting and cooling. Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different paraffin's and microcrystalline waxes on the properties of base plate waxes. Fife new compositions (S1-S5) were compared to four commercial products like base plates from Modelling wax, Modelling wax, Modellierwachs rosa standard, Modelling wax Ceradent. The plasticity and the volumetric shrinkage of the waxes after melting and cooling were measured. Samples S1-S5 to reflect of the requirements of the ISO standard and have the proper plasticity. Changing the paraffin's and microcrystalline waxes have a big influence on the plasticity of the final composition. Microcrystalline waxes decrease the wax contraction. Shrinkage after heating up to 110 o C and cooling to 68 o C is changing from one wax to other Modelling wax (Interdent) 4.5%, Modeling Wax Ceradent (Spofa) 8.9%, Modelling wax (Bredent) 9.8%, Modellierwachs rosa (Bego) 11.9%. During the re-melting process (inside wax warmers) waxes can change their properties like flowing and volumetric shrinkage due the thermal degradation. Such process can be reducing by producer adding thermal stabilizer, but this material can be consumed after several cycles. From clinical point of view is not recommended to heat and re-melt the base plate waxes for long time in wax warmer especially at higher temperatures.


Abstract Mutations and recombination events have been identified in enteroviruses. Point mutations accumulate with a frequency of 6.3 × 10−4 per base pair per replication cycle affecting the fitness, the circulation, and the infectivity of enteroviral strains. In the present report, the serological status of the Central and Western Greek population (Larissa and Ioannina, respectively) in the 1–10-year, 11–20-year, 21–30-year, and 31–40-year age groups against six non-polio enterovirus strains, their respective echovirus prototypes, and Sabin 1, 2, and 3 vaccine strains was evaluated, through serum-neutralization assay. In the Western Greek population, antibody levels were detected only for clinical isolates of E30 serotype in all age groups, and for environmental isolate LR61G3 (E6 serotype) only in the 31–40 age group, whereas an immunity level was observed in the Central Greek population, against all strains, except for EIS6B (E3 serotype). Amino acid substitutions were encountered across the structural...


Final energy consumption in the residential sector is increasing, even in countries with favourable climate conditions and technological capacity to promote the use of renewable resources and energy efficiency. Air conditioning systems based on absorption cycles are common solutions in solar assisted installations. In this paper, the main characteristics of the Gijón Solar Cooling Laboratory (GSCL) are summarized, showing its ability to test cooling machines with a variety of heat sources and sinks, as well as different technologies and strategies. An absorption machine with internal energy storage in LiCl salts has been tested at the GSCL, measuring power and temperatures as a function of time during several charging and discharging cycles. During the charging cycles, the operation of the machine was analysed for various hot temperatures and power values. In the discharging cycles, special attention was paid to the refrigeration capacity produced for various chilled water temperatures. The results led to coefficient of performance COP values that are in line with those expected for this technology. Satisfactory operation of the system seems difficult at activation temperatures below 75 °C. For low levels of insolation, this limitation could lead to an increase in auxiliary energy consumption.


In this article, the secure transmission of data is being realized on the basis of the synchronization of two chaotic systems. The transmitted signal is only the sign of a projection of the state. This has the advantage of making the transmission not very sensitive to the noises of transmission and the attenuation of the transmitted signal without using a VCO (Voltage Control Oscillatory) into the transmitter and the receiver. It should be noted that for the considered type of chaotic system, the traditional conditions of observability and linearization by injection of outputs are not checked. Here, we can only carry out an estimator.


A Thesis is called "Analysis of the Influence of Trade, Momentum, Firm and
Market Characteristics Factors Against Stock Return. This study aims to scrutinize
the influence of Bid-ask spread, Turnover, Volatility, Overnight Return, CTC 3 month
(Previous 3 month), Firm size, and Book to Market against Return of Stock Return.
Take a sample of this research manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia
stock exchange 2009 until 2012. A total of samples to be taken is 42 manufacturing
concern.
In this research the regression model used had escaped from four test, test
normality assumption, namely classic mutikolinearitas, autokorelasi, and
heterokedasdisitas. All independent variable that exist in this test in the dependent
variable to simultan. Independent variable in this study describes a number of 33,5%
of the dependent variable explained by 66,5% while the other factors.
In this research result obtained that is, there was no influence significantly
volatility, Book to Market, Turnover, Bid-ask spread, Firm size and Overnight Return
to stock return. And there is a positive connection between CTC 3 month (previous 3
month return) to stock return


Presented on August 31, 2015 in the Klaus Advanced Computing Building, room 1116W at 3:00 p.m. on the Georgia Tech Campus


Today, we are witnessing an increase in the number of services and applications demanded by users and it presents a challenge for traditional networks in terms of implementation, costs and operation. Softwaredefined networks emerge as an agile, flexible and programmable architecture, which places it as a solution in the implementation of network applications and services. This paper presents a comparison between the performance of traditional networks and Software-defined networks applying tests to evaluate the parameters defined by the RFC 2544 methodology, in order to obtain a complete characterization of each scheme using a proposed topology applied to each technology, after that we analyze the performance of each one and examining its advantages and disadvantages. Currently, Software-defined networks and virtualization are a subject of many researches, as they are considered essential to counteract the increase in complexity and costs of managing and operating traditional networks.


Abstract A study was carried out to investigate whether supervisors of counsellors considered themselves to be clinically responsible for the work of their supervisees, what responsibilities they considered themselves to have for the counsellors' work, and how they managed their responsibilities. The purpose of the study was to enhance the counselling profession's understanding of the responsibility of supervisors and of the supervisory relationship. The study was confined to supervisors working in private practice. Ten experts in the field of counselling and supervision were interviewed, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The interviews were analysed using the 'constant comparative method'. They revealed that the participants would not use the term 'clinical responsibility' to describe their responsibilities. There were mixed views about the nature of the responsibility of the supervisor when supervising counsellors practising independently. The participants indicated a preference to supervise only t...


our society." Speaking at a conference last week organised by MENCAP (the Royal Society for Mentally Handicapped Children and Adults), Mr Dorrell admitted that, while the government's record over the past 20 years "isn't bad," about two thirds of the 25 000 people in long stay mental handicap hospitals may be inappropriately placed. And there are still not enough day services for those who live in the community, 120 000 of whom have no prospect of becoming wholly independent. To underline the government's commitment to such services Mr Dorrell announced three main strategies. Firstly, new draft guidance on providing better general social care and ensuring access to health care has been sent to health and socia4 services authorities. Secondly, specific proposals to bring all facilities for day care up to the level of the best have been issued. Thirdly, a working group chaired by Peter Searle, director general of the Mental Health Foundation (a research charity), will identify what really makes a successful service for people with learning disabilities who also have psychiatric or severe behavioural disturbance. The government's statements coincided with a flurry of reports criticising current provision of care for people with learning disabilities. MENCAP reported a shortfall of up to 30000 day places that leaves many people with "empty days and empty lives." The charity has entered a new coalition of special interest groups including the British Association of Social Workers, the Royal College of Nursing, and the Confederation of Health Service Employees (COHSE)-that will jointly protest against "the current confusion over services [which] will leave us with an unacceptable mix of institutions and grossly inadequate support." Two other reports confirmed that many people with learning disabilities receive inadequate support from statutory services, as do their carers. A study from North West Thames region showed that 42% of people H z u


Investment approaches are determined by investors' views of the market. For investors who believe the market is basically efficient, so that price changes are essentially random and unpredictable, the reasonable approach is passive investing, or indexing, which makes no attempt to outperform the underlying market. Investors who believe there are clear-cut patterns discernible in stock price movements may aim for above-market returns by using fairly simple approaches, such as buying stocks with low price/earning ratios or buying small-capitalization stocks. But what if the market is not totally efficient, but there are no simple patterns that can be exploited for consistent excess returns? Such a complex market requires an investment approach capable of dealing with that complexity.

Keywords:

interrelated return effects;
investing;
stock selection, portfolio construction;
equity market;
Multivariate analysis;
complex market;
value stocks;
growth stocks;
unified approach;
law of one alpha;
Small-cap stocks;
disentangling;
pure returns;
naive returns;
portfolio optimizer;
performance attribution


Research has focused on 4 size groups of bird's-foot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L.) (O 1.0-1.6 mm) and 10 variants of ultrasound treatments with different intensities and exposure times (0.11-2.72 W/cm 2 and 10-160 seconds). After treating the bird's-foot trefoil seed groups with ultrasounds, the bird's-foot trefoil seeds were put into Petri vases for germination and the following parameters were measured: germinating energy (after 10 days), germinating faculty (after 21 days) and share of hard bird's-foot trefoil seeds (after 31 days). Research results show a very significant decrease of the share of hard bird's-foot trefoil seeds in the groups of medium- and large-size bird's-foot trefoil seeds treated with ultrasounds, compared to the control variant (no group seeds) or to the small-size bird's-foot trefoil seed group treated with ultrasounds. Intensity and exposure time do not correlate with the share of hard bird's-foot trefoil seeds.


The program of palm oil-based bioenergy development and utilization is one solution that can be applied to meet the electricity needs of the rural community in Indonesia. However, various needs and obstacles faced by related stakeholders have caused the program to not be implemented. The objectives of this study were to identify institutional issues that begin with identifying the needs and fundamental issues of program implementation, to identify key elements of the program's success, and to the determination of an adaptive institutional model. A total of 12 experts were involved and provided an assessment. The analysis was performed with the implementation of the seven stages in the Soft System Methodology. To get more structured and measurable analysis results, the analysis was also supported by Hard Systems Methodology techniques, such as the Interpretive Structural Modeling and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process. The result of the study obtained 7 key sub-elements, consisting of 3 sub-elements in the program needs element, 1 sub-element in the major constraint element, 1 sub-element in the objective element and 2 sub-elements in the supporting factor element. The study also gained and adaptive institutional model that plays a role in the provision of raw materials, infrastructure construction, energy transformation, operational and management, distribution and commercialization of electricity to rural communities.


Background: This report is the 25th Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC; http://www.aapcc.org) National Poison Data System (NPDS). During 2007, 60 of the nation's 61 U.S. Poison Centers upload case data automatically. The median upload time is 14 [5.3, 55] (median [25%, 75%]) min creating a real-time national exposure database and surveillance system. Methodology: We analyzed the case data tabulating specific indices from NPDS. The methodology was similar to that of previous years. Where changes were introduced, the differences are identified. Fatalities were reviewed by a team of 29 medical and clinical toxicologists and assigned to 1 of 6 categories according to Relative Contribution to Fatality. Results: Over 4.2 million calls were captured by NPDS in 2007: 2,482,041 human exposure calls, 1,602,489 information requests, and 131,744 nonhuman exposure calls. Substances involved most frequently in all human exposures were analgesics (12.5% of all exposures). The most common exposures in children less than age 6 were cosmetics/personal care products (10.7% of pediatric exposures). Drug identification requests comprised 66.8% of all information calls. NPDS documented 1,597 human fatalities. Conclusions: Poisoning continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States NPDS represents a valuable national resource to collect and monitor U.S. poisoning exposure cases. It offers one of the few real-time surveillance systems in existence, provides useful data, and is a model for public health surveillance.


Objective To study the serological characteristics of Rh antibodies and analyze its clinical significance in blood transfusion. Methods The plasma antibodies and red cell antigens in AIHA patients were identified by saline water method, antiglobulin method and microcolumn gel method. But also the Rh blood group had tested by Genotyping. Results The plasma antibodies were identified as Rh-antibody in AIHA patients, including anti-Ce, anti-e, anti-c and anti-Ec, but the relative Rh antigens were positive. The compatibility of blood had been used for clinical transfusion. Conclusion The Rh antibodies were the most specific autoantibodies in AIHA patients and also can cause the hemolytic transfusion reaction in clinical blood transfusion. How to scientifically and rationally select the blood with the related antigen and avoid production of other chain antibody of Rh are worthy to explore.


Introduction: Despite the impact of novel agents, many patients with multiple myeloma (MM) still require intensive infusional chemotherapy regimens, such as dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin (DCEP), bortezomib, dexamethasone, thalidomide, cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (VDT-PACE), or cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone (CVAD), especially in the setting of proliferative relapsed/refractory disease. To our knowledge, there are no published data comparing the different infusional regimens. Here, we present a retrospective analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of the three most commonly used MM salvage regimens in the era of novel agents. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of relapsed/refractory MM who received one of the three chemotherapy regimens (DCEP, VDT-PACE, or CVAD) between 01/2005 and 12/2013 were identified through the Moffitt Total Cancer Care Database. Clinical variables were abstracted from the patient records. The IMWG criteria were used to assess response. Transplant eligibility was determined based on the assessment of the treating physician. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for each group were estimated from the initiation of salvage therapy using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate predictors of survival were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model by backward elimination. Results: A total of 107 patients receiving one of the 3 regimens for relapsed/refractory MM were identified (DCEP 52, VDT-PACE 22, CVAD 33). Relevant patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and adverse events are described in Table 1. Prior therapy history was similar between the 3 groups in regard to lenalidomide (77.6%), bortezomib (88.8%), and autologous transplant (53.3%). An analysis of treatment outcomes revealed no statistically significant differences in response, PFS, or OS between the 3 regimens. There appeared to be a trend towards more FN in the VDT-PACE group, as well as prolonged hospitalization in the CVAD group. On multivariate analysis of the entire cohort, transplant eligibility prior to salvage treatment was the only significant predictor of OS (HR 0.22, p Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, there were no statistically significant differences in outcomes between the three MM salvage regimens. Of note, the more intensive regimen, VDT-PACE, did not demonstrate superior disease response or survival. For patients in whom a bridge to transplant was not planned, infusional chemotherapy was associated with poor outcomes, and should not be considered in that setting given the significant toxicities. There was a trend towards fewer adverse events in the DCEP treated patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The aim of this study was to collect information about the psychosocial situation of young patients after multimodality therapy for bone cancer.


Abstract The article discusses the programme of special education and its range of sub-fields. The introductory section summarises reflections on the origin of the field, philosophy and its formation, aims and target groups, paradigm shift and introduction of new methods and forms of pedagogical work in special education. The second part presents a new course Resocialisation and Prison Education in special education, which is one of the specialisations, pillars or schools of special education.


Aging in cities and, specifically, in disadvantaged urban areas involves risks that can lead to ill health and poor quality of life. Accordingly, the primary focus of age-friendly programs has been on older people and aging. In the current age of austerity, the argument for all-age improvements via social programs is persuasive and intuitively right. However, there is evidence that without a specific focus on older people, especially in cities, the policy and delivery drivers that can create good places to grow old are often overlooked.


Abstract : A deterministic computer model of outdoor daytime (nighttime) radiant lighting is described for a clear sky and slight ground-level haze. Equations are developed for the radiance at an observer's position, which is emitted from a target and the surrounding background. The equations are a function of the positions of the sun (moon), the target and the observer. The equations include the effects of atmospheric attenuation, the background sky light, and the ground cover. The computer model was developed for use in simulation studies of target visibility. (Author)


The broth solution was prepared by the mixing of an uranyl nitrate, THFA, PVA, and water. The uranium concentration of the broth solution was 0.5~0.8 mole-U/L and the viscosity of it was 30~80 cSt. The droplets of this broth solution were formed in air and a㎜onia by the vibrating nozzle with the frequency of 100 ㎐ at the amplitude of 100~130 V. The diameter of the droplet was about 1900 ㎛ from using the nozzle diameter of 1 ㎜. The diameter of the aged gel was about 1400 ㎛ after aging in a㎜onia solution at 60~80℃, and the dried gel with the diameter of about 900 ㎛ was obtained after drying at room temperature or partially vacuum condition. The diameter of the calcined UO₃ microsphere after calcination at 600℃ appeared about 800 ㎛ in air atmosphere. Although the droplets of the same sizes were formed, the calcined microspheres of different sizes were manufactured in the case of the broth solutions of the different uranium concentration. The droplets of the desired diameters were obtained by the change of the nozzle diameters and the broth flow rates.


The expansion of the World Wide Web has led to a state where a vast amount of Internet users face and have to overcome the major problem of discovering desired information. It is inevitable that hundreds of web pages and weblogs are generated daily or changing on a daily basis. The main problem that arises from the continuous generation and alteration of web pages is the discovery of useful information, a task that becomes difficult even for the experienced internet users. Many mechanisms have been constructed and presented in order to overcome the puzzle of information discovery on the Internet and they are mostly based on crawlers which are browsing the WWW, downloading pages and collect the information that might be of user interest. In this manuscript we describe a mechanism that fetches web pages that include news articles from major news portals and blogs. This mechanism is constructed in order to support tools that are used to acquire news articles from all over the world, process them and present them back to the end users in a personalized manner.


Introduction: A variety of standard setting methods are used worldwide for medical examination acceptance scores while standards of most exams in our country are pre-determined fixed scores which are set without any scientific methodolgy. The aim of this study is to determine minimum pass level for a preinternship objective structured clinical examination using Angoff method in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: After designing the questions for examination, a panel of eleven faculty members was formed. These judges were asked to individually estimate the probability that a borderline student would pass each station. The mean of all stations estimated by judges was considered as the standard for the whole exam. This procedure was repeated twice more after sessions of discussion between judges and checking students' real scores. Results: The individual standard for the whole test was 49.15 while it turned to 49.90 after discussion and finally 51.52 after checking the real scores of students. The change of standard of the whole test after checking real scores was significant compared to individual standard (p=0.02). It showed no significant difference compared to the second standard. The rates of passing students according to the three standards were respectively 67.6%, 64.8% and 58.1% which showed a significant reduction in the third compared to the first one. Conclusion: Angoff method was used in this study to set standard for an OSCE. According to the findings of the study, it seems to be a credible and reliable procedure, especially when group discussion and reality check are used.


This study investigated the role of Panax ginseng (PG) on the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) + calcium ionophore A23187-induced hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-) activation, phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and inflammatory cytokine production from the human mast cell line, HMC-1. HIF- and phosphorylation of ERK were observed by Western blotting. The inflammatory cytokine production was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PG inhibited the PMA+A23187-induced HIF- expression and the subsequent production of vascular endothelial growth factor. In addition, PG suppressed PMA + A23187-induced phosphorylation of ERK. We also show that the increased cytokines interleukin (IL)-, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor- level was significantly inhibited by treatment of PG. In the present study, we report for the first time that PG is an inhibitor of HIF- and cytokines on the mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses.


Gastroenterology has expanded greatly everywhere, in the last few years, in terms of new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and drugs, scientific knowledge, and the number of staff. In many countries digestive diseases are the third or fourth commonest cause of death, with approximate figures of 10–15 per 10,000, usually preceded only by cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and tumours.


Objective To discuss the coping modes for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)dealing with their anxiety and depression; and to explore the possible way to guide effective nursing intervention aimed to reduce the patients' hospitalization rate and the length of hospitalization and to improve the quality of life for patients. Methods 120 patients with CHF were investigated by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), selfrating depression scale and medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ). Results The score of patients with CHF in SAS was higher than norm model [(19.48 ± 3.81) vs (29.78 ± 10.07), t = 11. 127, P < 0. 01] and the SDS was also higher than normal model (P < 0. 01). The "facing" score of patients with CHF in MCMQ was statistically lower than that of normal model in China[(16. 08 ± 3.88) vs (19.48 ± 3.81), t = 2. 046, P <0. 05]; Both of the scores on "avoidance" and "surrender" were statistically higher than those of normal model (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Conclusions Most patients with CHF had the problems involving anxiety, depression and ineffective coping mode; patients' quality of life could be improved when their negative emotion released and their coping mode improved.

Key words:
Heart failure;  Emotion;  Coping mode;  Nursing intervention


Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, 2 major phyla of gut microbiota, are involved in lipid and bile acid metabolism to maintain systemic energy homeostasis in host. Recently, accumulating evidence has suggested that dietary changes promptly induce the alteration of abundance of both Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obesity and its related metabolic diseases. Nevertheless, the metabolic roles of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes on such disease states remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of antibiotic‐induced depletion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes on dysregulation of energy homeostasis in obesity. Treatment of C57BL/6J mice with the antibiotics (vancomycin [V] and bacitracin [B]), in the drinking water, before diet‐induced obesity (DIO) greatly decreased both Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the gut as revealed by pyrosequencing of the microbial 16S rRNA gene. Concomitantly, systemic glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance in DIO were ameliorated via augmentation of GLP‐1 secretion (active form; 2.03‐fold, total form; 5.09‐fold) independently of obesity as compared with untreated DIO controls. Furthermore, there were increases in metabolically beneficial metabolites derived from the gut. Together, our data suggest that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes potentially mediate insulin resistance through modulation of GLP‐1 secretion in obesity.—Hwang, I., Park, Y. J., Kim, Y. ‐R., Kim, Y. N., Ka, S., Lee, H. Y., Seong, J. K., Seok, Y.‐J., Kim, J. B. Alteration of gut microbiota by vancomycin and bacitracin improves insulin resistance via glucagon‐like peptide 1 in diet‐induced obesity. FASEB J. 29, 2397‐2411 (2015). www.fasebj.org


Urbanization is the important force to promote economic and social development,bringing a large pollution to threaten rural environmental quality and sustainable development in the high-speed development. Based on rural environmental issues analysis,we explore solutions from strategy,implementation,method etc. and analyze key points around planning,development,construction,management and education etc. to strengthen rural environmental protection,ensure urbanization health development,and promote rural and agricultural sustainable development.


The aim of our anatomic cadaver dissection study was to evaluate the variants of the arterial branches of the descending abdominal aorta. It is a prospective study performed at the school of medicine´s anatomy laboratory. The dissection approach provides theoretical and practical knowledge on a wide range of aberrant anatomic variants, which appear most frequent in the liver and kidney. Our findings contribute to the improvement of the teaching of medical students and of future general and vascular surgeons. These findings should be considered in future anatomic studies, and as of now be incorporated in the anatomy course.


Remorse can and is included as a mitigating factor in the sentencing of offenders. However it is vital in the practice of justice1, that remorse is timely, genuine and actioned rather than just a word spoken to attain a reduction, often substantial, in the imposed sentence.


The purpose of this study was to construct a nonverbal communication scale for coaches (NCSC) and examine the relationships between nonverbal communication (NVC), communication ability, and coaching evaluation. Study 1 involved the construction of the NCSC. Adolescent athletes (N=166) completed a questionnaire that measured coaches' nonverbal communication (perceived frequency and impression). Eight factors were identiˆed via exploratory factor analysis. These factors were negative NVC (unfavorable impression formation, negative attitude, unacceptable attitude, and exhibition of perplexity) and positive NVC (positive distance, positive gesture, positive touching, and positive expression). In Study 2, the reliability and validity of the NCSC were assessed, and the relationships between NVC, communication ability, and coaching evaluation were examined. Adolescent athletes (N= 276) estimated their coaches' NVC, communication ability, and coaching using the NCSC, Communication Ability Evaluation Scale, and Coaching Evaluation Scale. Results of structural equation modeling demonstrated the following: (1) reliability and validity of the NCSC used to measure coaches' NVC; (2) relationships between NVC, communication ability, and coaching evaluation; and (3) mediation of communication ability in these relationships. The ˆndings provide a model for relationships between NVC, communication ability, and coaching evaluation.


This article sheds light on the links betwen Islam and human sciences in Mali through the careers of researchers working in a public institution.   First, it will reveal the shortcomings and problems of Malian research both in its relation to higher education and in what it represents for the state.   We shall examine the institutional conditions in which knowledge is produced and the social context in which it is received. This study will focus on researchers in this institution as well as intellectuals that have chosen the religious path.   This comparison will enable us to shed light on the difficult careers of several researchers who have found in religion a shelter to pursue their intellectual activities.


The definitions of generalized fuzzy left(resp.right,two-sided) ideals in generalized fuzzy subsemirings are introduced.Using level subsets,eigenfunctions,sum and product of fuzzy subsets,the equivalent conditions and the properties of generalized fuzzy left(resp.right,two-sided) ideals in generalized fuzzy subsemirings are investigated.Otherwise,the properties of homomorphic image and homomorphic preimage in a homomorphism of semirings are shown.When λ=0,μ=1,we get the corresponding results of ordinary fuzzy left(resp.right,two-sided) ideals in fuzzy subsemirings.


A symplectic geometrical high-frequency approximation method is presented to study the propagation of electromagnetic wave of a two-dimensional reflector antenna. With this method,the drawback that the solution in the caustic region cannot be obtained with geometrical optics can be overcome. At first,the new vector space having the same dimensions with the original physical space is introduced. The new vectors combine with those physical vectors to form a symplectic space. The propagating caustic problem of electromagnetic wave in the physical space is translated into non-caustic problem in the mixed space by means of the coordinate transform and the high-frequency approximation solutions including those in the caustic region are obtained.


The objective of the project was to develop a method for theoretical understanding of nuclear fuel materials whose physical and thermophysical properties can be predicted from first principles using a novel dynamical mean field method for electronic structure calculations. We concentrated our study on uranium, plutonium, their oxides, nitrides, carbides, as well as some rare earth materials whose 4f eletrons provide a simplified framework for understanding complex behavior of the f electrons. We addressed the issues connected to the electronic structure, lattice instabilities, phonon and magnon dynamics as well as thermal conductivity. This allowed us to evaluate characteristics of advanced nuclear fuel systems using computer based simulations and avoid costly experiments.


Clinicians increasingly perform balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube (BDET) to treat obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) refractory to medical management. Reported complications have been limited and include patulous Eustachian tube dysfunction (PETD). This multicenter study investigates the incidence of PETD and associated factors.


Performing polymer synthesis in biological systems could provide a biocompatible approach for engineering cells for therapeutic or other applications. A team led by Greg G. Qiao of the University o...


Because the responsibility of developing strong connections to mentees often depends on mentors themselves, examining mentor qualities and relational capacity may identify malleable factors—or potential points of intervention—to improve perceived match quality. Relational capacity has been proposed as a theoretical concept for understanding how mentors' previous experience, characteristics, and skills relate to mentoring quality. Our conceptual model posited that parent–child relationships build young mentors' relational capacity for successful mentoring relationships. Using data from young mentors age 15–26 participating in the Big Brothers/Big Sisters school-based mentoring program (n = 155), this study extends current knowledge by examining potential mediators of the relationship between young mentors' perceived parent–child connectedness and perceived match quality. Attitudes toward mentees and empathy skills mediated the relationship between parent–child connectedness and perceived match quality. Findings suggest that parent–child connectedness contributes to attitudes and skills that may strengthen perceived match quality. From a positive youth development perspective, young mentors with low relational capacity may require support to ensure high-quality matches.


This paper uses Taiwanese high-tech firms' data from 2003 to 2007 to investigate the impacts of international technology spillovers and firms' R&D activities on firms' innovation performance. We also consider absorptive capability and examine whether the technology spillovers have different effect on firms' innovation performance. We choose patent application counts to measure firms' innovation performance, and adopt panel Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with fixed-effect and random-effect models as well as System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model to estimate. The empirical findings indicate the innovation performance of high-tech firms is positively affected by their R&D efforts, export performance, and the presences of multinational corporations. Furthermore, when absorptive capacity is taken into account, the technology spillovers by exporting and technology import would affect the innovation performance more.


Measurement of rotational eye movement gives suitable physiological indicators for car sickness, space sickness, visually-induced motion sickness (VIMS), dizziness, and sickness feeling. However, to get certain types of physiological indicators, a measurement system is required, which enables rotational eye movement, of which dynamic range is narrow, to be measured at high-accuracy and high-resolution. Nevertheless, among the conventional methods, the most-frequently used one for finding an eyeball rotational angle based on the contrast in the iris pattern has a disadvantage that it is difficult to measure rotational eye movement constantly within an error range of 1.0 degree. It is because the position and shape of the iris pattern vary with changes in pupil diameter depending on the conditions of ambient light. To solve this problem, turning our attention to the "conjunctival blood vessel ends" located on the periphery of the iris, which are not affected by the changes in pupil diameter, we developed a new method for measuring rotational eye movement at high speed and high accuracy by enhancing the contrast in the image of the vessels on the white of the eyeball under blue light irradiation. This paper proposes the above-mentioned new method to enable a measuring system, which is not subject to the changes in pupil diameter and eyelid closure, and has been compactly-designed in terms of both software and hardware. In our evaluation experiment, the images of rotational eye movements were captured in three subjects, and data on the vessel end positions were obtained by both visual measurement and this system to evaluate the estimated error and processing speed. The result suggests that our proposed system is capable of measuring rotational eye movement with an average of estimated errors equal to or lower than 0.24 degrees and at a processing speed equal to or higher than 78 fps, even if the pupil diameter varies widely.


A steam generator of a drum-type washing machine having a pressure sensor and a control method thereof are provided to prevent the structure from being injured due to excessively high vapor pressure or water pressure in the steam generator. A steam generator(50) of a drum-type washing machine comprises: a housing(80) formed by combining an upper housing(82) with a lower housing(81); a water level sensor(60) installed at the steam generator housing to measure water level in the steam generator; a heater installed in the steam generator housing to heat the supplied water; and a pressure sensor(100) installed at the inner side of the upper housing to measure pressure in the steam generator.


The invention discloses fosfomycin calcium composition freeze-dried orally disintegrating tablets and a preparation method of the orally disintegrating tablets, relates to the field of a medicine and a medicine preparation method technology and mainly solves the problems in the prior art that the oral preparation made from fosfomycin calcium is poor in administration compliance for children and calcium salt orally taking absorption rate. The fosfomycin calcium composition freeze-drying orally disintegrating tablets are prepared from the following components by weight: 10-24% of fosfomycin calcium, 24-50% of mannitol, 2-4% of gelatin, 32-74% of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin with medium substitution degree, 0.1-0.2% of trichlorosucrose and 50% of purified water. The fosfomycin calcium composition freeze-drying orally disintegrating tablets obtained by the above components are easy in preparation process, and simple in components, and mainly aim at the administration requirements of the children; moreover, the fosfomycin calcium composition freeze-drying orally disintegrating tablets have the advantages of being fast to disintegrate, convenient to take and good in taste; and the tablets take effect quickly and are fully absorbed, and the first pass effect of the liver is avoided.


In this paper the fundamental principle of vector control and the vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor are discussed.


The main purpose of the work is to analyse studies of themagnetohydrodynamic "MHD" flow for a fluid of generalized Burgers' "GB" within an annular pipe submitted under impulsive pressure "IP" gradient. Closed form expressions for the velocity profile, impulsive pressure gradient have been taken by performing the finite Hankel transform "FHT" and Laplace transform "LT" of the successive fraction derivatives. As a result, many figures are planned to exhibit the effects of (different fractional parameters "DFP", relaxation and retardation times, material parameter for the Burger's fluid) on the profile of velocity of flows. Furthermore, these figures are compared the flow without MHD.


It discusses the important significance of reusage of drained smokes surplus heats to the operation of boilers without coal saver and propounds that good operating economic benefits of heating system will be obtained by designing,making and installing "air-blowing heater".


8047 Background: AP26113 is a novel orally-active tyrosine kinase inhibitor with preclinical activity against ALK and all 9 clinically-identified crizotinib-resistant mutants tested. Methods: The Phase (Ph) 2 portion of a Ph1/2 single arm, multicenter study in pts with advanced malignancies is underway. We report updated safety for all treated pts and efficacy data for ALK+ NSCLC pts previously treated with crizotinib. NCT01449461. Results: As of 16 Dec 2013, 114 pts were enrolled: 65 in Ph1 (30-300 mg) and 49 in Ph2 (180 mg). Baseline characteristics: 59% female, median age 57 yr; diagnoses: NSCLC n=106, other n=8. 66 pts remain on study; median follow-up for all pts is 3.6 mo (max= 21.4 mo, ongoing). The most common treatment-emergent AEs (≥20%) were nausea (38%), diarrhea (31%), fatigue (31%), cough (23%), and headache (20%), which were generally grade 1/2 in severity. Early onset of pulmonary symptoms (dyspnea with hypoxia and/or findings on imaging) observed in 6/45 (13%) pts at 180mg QD. These sympt...


The purpose of this primary care nursing practice improvement project was to implement a diabetic evidence-based protocol for use by nurses caring for adult patients seeking care in the Thanh Nhan Hospital Endocrinology Department (TNH/ED) in Ha Noi, Vietnam. Prior to project implementation, physicians performed all patient foot assessments. No standardized foot assessment tool existed. The author made an on-site visit to the clinic to assess current practice. The author then recommended expanding nursing practice by using an evidence-based assessment tool. The author conceived an implementation approach, then designed, developed and presented the plan via an Internet-delivered fully interactive Virtual Nursing Grand Rounds. The author collaborated with the head nurse to develop new patient education resources. The author also utilized the Internet and a train-the-trainer approach to educate nurses, and to ensure nurse competency in applying the patient assessments and documentation of findings. The author tracked implementation success by reviewing weekly chart audit reports and provided continual guidance and support via videoconferences and email. Outcomes identified 100% compliance with implementing and maintaining the new evidence-based standard of care. A survey taken five months after data collection was completed revealed that the nurses' and physicians perceived that the nurse role has improved patient care and provided early detection of diabetic foot complications. In fact, because of their successes, nurses have expanded their practice beyond what was originally projected.


In this phenomenological study, we explored the experiences of 13 working mothers in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior to this crisis, mothers in the workforce encountered barriers to their success. Study findings reflect that these challenges have been exacerbated during the pandemic as women experienced increased childcare and other second shift responsibilities. Results highlight participants' strategies for navigating pandemic-related disruptions. Participants' experiences further amplify the need for revision of women's second shift expectations as well as better support for mothers in the workforce.


Figure 4. Treatment-induced modulation of the tumor microenvironment. The KPC tumors were inoculated and treated four times, as Figure 3E, and then dissected on 12 days after the last treatment; each tumor was digested to isolate all the cells for flow cytometry analysis and was sectioned and stained for immunofluorescence imaging. A) The relative immune cell populations out of the tumor's total cells analyzed by flow cytometry (n = 6). B) The cytokines' mRNA levels relative to the PBS control in the tumors analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR (n = 6). C) Immunohistochemical staining and Masson's Trichrome staining of the KPC tumors for analyzing the antitumor markers and tumor progression markers. Tumor sections were 5 μm thick. The black dotted lines outline the large acellular cracks and fragmentation in the tumor. Scale bars are 100 μm in immunofluorescence imaging and 200 μm in the Masson's Trichrome staining imaging. (***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05; NS, not significant.).


FIELD: material working, namely processes for electric spark strengthening of surfaces of parts of electrically conducting materials. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of forming coatings with alternating layers formed by electric spark and non electric spark strengthening. According to invention first layer is applied by electric spark alloying in such a way that for heat conduction coefficients of part material and material of first layer next condition is satisfied: λ coat ≥ λ p where λ coat and λ p - respectively heat conduction coefficients of materials of formed layer of coating applied by electric spark alloying and base material. Second layer is applied by means of electrode whose material creates with material of previous alloyed layer of coating indefinite solid solutions of predetermined content. Then surface is strengthened by electric spark alloying with use of electrode for forming additional coating. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency, improved quality of strengthened surfaces of parts.


Risks are involved in every construction projects like buildings, bridges or any types of the construction project. The project manager plays major roles to tackle the risk in a construction project. However, an effective and proper risk management approach requires an appropriate and systematic methodology, knowledge, and experience (Alfredo Federico Serpella, 2014).The aim of this paper is to identify and classify the risk, identify the methods to mitigate or reduce the risks and find out vital risks through Analytical Hierarchy Process analysis (AHP) in a construction project. The whole methodology is described through a case study of the collapse of Rana Plaza in Bangladesh. The major risk of Rana Plaza are foundation system, materials procurement, and structural design. Through AHP analysis, we find that the collapse of Rana Plaza is foundation system.


Six Bacillus subtilis strains (CD-3, CD-6, CD-9, CD-10, CD-23 and CD-25) that produce β-mannanase were separated from the Konjacflour plant, Tin, in the Yunnan province of China. The optimal temperatures of the 6 β-mannanases ranged from 45 to 65 °C and their optimal pH ranged from 5.0 to 6.5; showing significant differences. The genes of the β-mannanase from 6 B. subtilis were amplified and sequenced. Except for CD-6, the genes shared the great homology (above 98%) with the B. subtilis β-mannanase gene deposited in GenBank. The β-mannanase gene sequence of CD-6 showed the highest homology with the sequence of β-mannanase of Bacillus sp. 5H, but the homology was only 70%. Alignment of the amino acid sequences of the 6 genes indicated that the 6 amino acid sequences shared near total homology with that of the B. subtilis β-mannanase sequence in GenBank . The homology between the amino acid sequence of CD-6 and that of β-mannanase of Bacillus sp. 5H was 72%. The homologies of the other five strains were all above 99%. The 6 amino acid sequences showed a high degree of conservation and the 2 most similar were CD-3 and CD-10, with a similarity of 99.5%.


The paper analyzes the implications of trade liberalization on the incidence of child labour in a two-sector general equilibrium framework. The supply function of child labour has been derived from the utility maximizing behaviour of the working families. The paper finds that the effect of trade liberalization on the incidence of child labour crucially hinges on the relative factor intensities of the two sectors.


Solar tracking system has the asembly of remote servo control and remote monitoring. It is composed of solar illumination of the solar azimuth one solar cell sensor device for detecting a value and integrated control device including the integrated control panel for remote transmission by the wireless communication by the servo control and solar module assembly to follow the sun azimuth in response to the control signal. The proposed algorithm is verified through experimental results.


The United States MEPS (musculoskeletal—eyestrain—psychosocial—stress) study consisted of 1 group of 28 female data entry operators. The intervention was in 3 parts: workstation redesign (including advanced ergonomic chairs, motorized adjustable workstations, advanced adjustable keyboards, adjustable copyholders, adjustable footrests, monitor support surfaces) and ergonomic training/coaching and corrective lenses. After the intervention, statistically significant reductions in physical signs ( trigger points, neck and shoulder mobility), subjective reports of intensity and frequency of musculoskeletal pain, and subjective reports of visual problems were observed. Static load during the work sample, as assessed by experts, improved after the intervention as did measured postural angles of head and trunk and subjective assessment of users of ergonomic characteristics of the workplaces. For all of these measures, improvements observed 1 month after intervention were also observed in the 1-year follow-up. Trapezius load, as assessed by electromyography (EMG), decreased after intervention, but then increased in the follow-up. The increase was interpreted as a calibration problem.


© 2021 by the University of Texas Press Under the banners of Brown, Black, and Red Power, they pushed back against the historical oppression and exclusion to which the Anglodominated system had subjected them and demanded cultural inclusion, fair treatment, a rightful share to a quality education, wellpaying jobs, decent housing, and participation in our democratic institutions of government. They voiced their just claims through mass protests, marches, boycotts, walkouts, sitins, and other expressions of civil disobedience. The creation of LEM reflected the LASED and New Detroit activists' commitment to making a better world for the disenfranchised masses who languished from the combined effect of poverty, dilapidated homes, subtractive educational curricula, and unresponsive political systems. The LEM agenda entailed preparing a pool of socially conscious leaders to return to their marginalized communities equipped with the educational tools, practical skills, and connections necessary to make a real difference in the lives of impoverished residents. The reinvigorating influence of the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s also energized the early efforts to challenge the status quo. The one iconic example that readily comes to mind, of course, is Dolores Huerta, of the United Farmworkers Union, whose prominent participation in organized labor contributed to the reevaluation of traditional gender roles within the Latino/a community. Eventually, the increasingly visible involvement of other Latinas in multiple public and private arenas fueled growing calls for replacing the divisive, oppressive machista paradigm with a genderinclusive approach. Members of El Movimiento, the Young Lords, and other sociopolitical movements of that era featured feminist critiques in their respective analyses of the reigning patriarchal social order. Despite the maleexclusive title of Latino En Marcha, two of its first coordinators, María TorresGuzmán and Isabel Salas, served as role models for countless young women who enrolled in the progressive educational experiment. Those who entered the program then or in the years to Wayne State University: Center for Latino/a and Latin American Studies, Interview with Jorge Luis Chinea


THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING CINQUAIN POETRY IN PROMOTING A CREATIVE WRITING TOWARD THE THIRD YEAR OF ELEMENTARY STUDENTS IN LIA STEPHANIE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL -