Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the total cost of bovine fasciolosis under three different scenarios (expected, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios) in Turkey. The weighted mean prevalence of infection was calculated as 1·9% and the financial losses were estimated in US$ at 2010 current prices. The total costs of bovine fasciolosis per infected beef cattle and dairy cow were estimated as 223·7 US$ (201·3–246·1, under optimistic-pessimistic scenarios) and 430·7 US$ (387·6–473·7), respectively. Total cost of the disease was estimated as 7·4 million US$ (6·1–8·8) for beef cattle and 35·4 million US$ (28·9–42·6) for dairy cows. The nation-wide total cost of the disease in Turkey for 2010 was estimated to be 42·8 million US$ (35·1–51·4). Most of the losses arise from reduced meat yield, fertility and milk yield, and smaller losses are due to condemnation of livers and disease control expenditures. As a result, the quantity of these losses may help the farmers and policy makers to give the better decision for controlling and eradication of the animal diseases in Turkey.


Abstract : This paper describes an inexpensive form of casing treatment which was found to increase both efficiency and stall margin in an axial compressor stage and which could be easily and cheaply retrofitted to existing engines. The method consists of placement of a row of vortex generators on the outer casing of an axial compressor, upstream of the rotor. Design techniques are described. An experimental investigation is also described in which vortex generator tip treatment was applied to a single stage axial compressor. Gains in compressor efficiency and stall margin were observed. (Author)


In this formative evaluation, the author examines a leadership development program provided by a professional association and includes implications for other programs.


Photoluminescence due to radiative transitions between the valence and outermost core bands, in which the Auger process is energetically Forbidden, is studied in mixed Rb 1-x Cs x F crystals. The results provide clear evidence that a hole created in the Rb + 4p core band migrates through the crystal, and is trapped at the Cs + 5p core state. The diffusion coefficient of the core holes is estimated to be 1.5×10 -5 cm 2 /s


An analysis of invasions and expansions of mammals in the Siversky Donets basin and adjacent areas is presented. Data on population and range the dynamics of habitats and the number of semi-aquatic mammals of two groups are given. The first group includes alien species that were introduced and had previously been unknown in the fauna of not only the region, but also Ukraine in general: muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), coypu (Myocastor coypus), American mink (Neogale vison), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). The second group includes local invaders, which nowadays are expanding their range, inhabiting the river and its tributaries: Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). The maps presented show the process of animal spread in the region, indicating the places of introduction, directions of expansion, and known registrations. For local invaders, the territory of their natural habitat at the time of the start of acclimatiszation (for Castor fiber) or expansion to steppe regions (for Lutra lutra) is indicated. Population dynamics of all the species considered was analysed using data from the State Statistical Reporting, for the period from 1984 to 2021, and also monitoring data of other investigators for the pre-war period (until February 2022). The results of the statistical analysis show that populations of the the number of introduced species of mammals increases increased rapidly from the time of their appearance in the composition of the fauna, after which their numbers began to decreases. Also, a number of factors were noted that over a certain period of time exerted had an additional influence on the population dynamics of several certain alien mammal species of mammals. Data on long term dynamics of local invaders show that, along with the expansion of animals to new areas and increase in their abundance, a decrease of their numbers in areas of their historical distribution took place, such as in the case of Lutra lutra. Concerning the distribution and abundance of Castor fiber, an ambiguous situation has appeared: the state of its populations in some steppe areas is better than in the forest areas, where its number abundance is decreasing. Information on the distribution and population state of the studied species based on OSINT-analysis, author's data and questionnaire surveys are presented. The results of introduction of the studied species are discussed.


Third generation cellular systems are currently being rolled out worldwide. In addition, WLAN technologies such as Hiperian2 and the IEEE 802.11 family of standards are being introduced in many areas, allowing broadband communications. The concept of a multimode transceiver which can simultaneously operate within cellular and WLAN environments becomes increasingly significant as these technologies become more popular. Software radio is a potential solution for the provision of services using different technologies, and the implementation of reconfigurable transceivers. This paper considers a multimode receiver architecture, based on bandpass sampling, suitable for operation in cellular and WLAN systems.


The state-of-the-art diabetes diagnosis is concerned with developing non-invasive nano-enabled exhaled breath-acetone detection strategies. Here, we detail the potential of polypyrrole(PPy)– Silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) ternary nanocomposites (NCs) for monitoring low-trace of acetone in human breath for diabetes diagnosis. The PPy–Ag/AgCl NCs were synthesized through in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline by silver nitrate in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The morphological analysis revealed the existence of spherical Ag/AgCl nanoparticles (~50 nm diameter) embedded in PPy matrix of nano fibrillar morphology (~20 nm diameter). The structural investigations confirm the co-existence of PPy, Ag and AgCl nanoparticles in the ternary nanocomposite. The NC exhibited manifold superior sensing performance towards low trace (as low as ~1 ppm) of breath-acetone with excellent sensitivity (~ 20%), prompt response (~20s), fast recovery (~100s), linear detecting range, and high repeatability at room temperature compared to pristine PPy. It is attributed to synergistic effects in ternary NC due to physicochemical merits of all precursors. Moreover, it showed high stability and selectivity towards acetone in the presence of prominent interfering VOCs and varying humidity. It opens a new window for non-invasive, economic, energy-efficient and point-of-care sensors for diagnosing diabetes in humans and, revolutionizing clinical diagnostics and personal healthcare.


In this study complex impedance measurements and radioisotope diffusion experiments are used to estimate physical parameters for enamel such as pore-diameter, membrane-porosity and membrane-charge. The assumptions implied in deriving a model and in estimating the membrane-parameters and ionic radii were Verified by comparing the experimental observations with values calculated with the proposed model. A good congruence was found between the measured and calculated values. The membrane-porosity appeared to be the main determinant for the experimentally observed wide ranges in permeability and conductance. The dependence of conductance on the electrolyte-concentration (2 to 100 mmol/1) and ionic species (RbCl, KCl, KNO3 and Mg(NO3)2) are shown to be explained by the model in a satisfactory way.


The article is devoted to the study of economic identity of different age groups of Russians. The authors presented a theoretical analysis of the category of "economic identity", described the characteristics of the structure and content of this socio-psychological phenomenon. The cognitive component, affective component and behavioral component of economic identity of different generations of Russians were examined on the basis of a secondary analysis of the results of nationwide surveys. Keywords—social identity; economic identity; economic selfesteem; financial situation; generational analysis; intergenerational differences


Objective To explore tolerability, safety and treatment response of flexibly-dosed paliperidone palmitate (PP) in adult patients hospitalized for an exacerbation of schizophrenia. Methods International 6-week prospective open-label non-interventional study. Outcome parameters were changes in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) total score, Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), treatment satisfaction (Medication Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)), Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) scores and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) from baseline to last-observation-carried-forward endpoint. Results 367 patients (65.9% male, mean age (±SD) 39.8±12.1 years, 85.8% paranoid schizophrenia) were documented. 91.6% completed the 6-week observation period. Mean time from hospital admission to initiation of PP was 9.4±7.7 days. Mean baseline BPRS total score of 50.2±13.6 improved by -6.5±8.6 at day 8 and by -19.3±12.6 at endpoint; 95% confidence interval [CI]-20.7;-18.0; both p<0.0001. At endpoint, 93.6% of patients were rated as improved in CGI-S. Functioning in PSP significantly improved from 49.4±14.7 at baseline by 14.3±12.4 at endpoint (95% CI 12.9;15.8, p<0.0001). Mean ESRS total score significantly decreased from 3.7±5.9 at baseline to 2.0±4.7 at endpoint (p<0.0001). 6.0% of patients were very or extremely satisfied with their previous antipsychotic medication at baseline, and 46.1% with PP at endpoint. TEAEs reported in ≥2% of patients were tremor (2.5%) and schizophrenia (2.2%). Conclusions These data support results from previous randomized controlled and pragmatic studies that flexibly dosed paliperidone palmitate is well tolerated and associated with an early and clinically meaningful treatment response and functional improvement in patients hospitalized for an exacerbation of schizophrenia.


In this work, the characteristic design of the humpback whale flippers is incorporated and investigated on NACA 4415 airfoil at very low Mach number. The effect of Tubercle Leading Edge on NACA4415 airfoil has been studied. This novel study attempts to mimic the effect of tubercles on the airfoil wing to improve lift and delay stall. The results showed significant improvement in aerodynamic performance of TLE when compared to CW. TLE, in comparison to wing with vortex generators, performed better. An improvement in lift by about 13.6% was obtained contrary to only 6.3% increase in case of VG under same Reynolds number. In addition, it was also observed that incorporation of tubercles further delayed stall and continued to produce lift at high angle of attacks.


The importance of secondary school students' proficiency in universal learning activities (ULA), including functional literacy, in order to socialize successfully makes the search for appropriate means relevant. However, it is no less important to diagnose the formation of ULA and identify problems within their acquirement. Understanding the importance of this problem led to the idea of using existing pedagogical methods in teaching the Russian language paying attention to their adaptation. The purpose of the article is to show how existing methods can be adapted in order to be used in the formation and assessment of the logical ULA during Russian language lessons. The study was based on the methods of analysis and synthesis when describing the problem of formation and assessment of ULA among schoolchildren; in the development of diagnostics – on the methods of analysis, abstracting, and constructing. In addition, a systemic method was used. Statistical data of the conducted research and their interpretation are presented to substantiate the need for the creation and adaptation of methods for the ULA formation and assessment. The study reveals the pedagogical diagnostic methods, which, with a certain adaptation, can be used for the logical ULA formation and assessment during teaching the Russian language. The research presents the adapted methods, which will allow organizing systematic work on the formation of logical ULA for secondary school students when studying the "Lexicology" section and assessing their formation among schoolchildren.


Surgical decompression was performed in two hundred ninety one cases of carpal tunnel syndrome with good results in 80%, fair results in 10% and poor results in 10% of the cases.


Low interfacial energy, an intrinsic property of complex coacervate, enables it to easily encapsulate substances; making it widely used in encapsulation applications. Despite this advantage, complex coacervate is feeble against changes in pH, ionic strength, and salt concentration. Hence, a chemical crosslinker is usually added to enhance its stability, although at the expense of sacrificing all intrinsic properties of the coacervate including phase transition of the coacervate from liquid to solid. In this study, we observe an increase in the interfacial energy of the coacervate phase in mineral oil. By exploiting the drastic change in the interfacial energy, we successfully create double engulfed PEG-diacrylate coacervate microparticles (DEPOT), namely complex coacervate encapsulating intended substances is engulfed in a crosslinked PEGDA shell using a microfluidic device. The engulfed coacervate showed significantly enhanced stability as a liquid phase and retained its low interfacial energy property to encapsulate a target molecule and infiltrated into the target site by a simple solvent exchange from oil to water. We illustrate two potential applications of DEPOT; as underwater adhesive and drug delivery encapsulant in which both applications exhibit promising results.


The spatial features and dynamics of mass concentration of ambient fine particulate matters smaller than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) is a critical indicator to evaluate regional air quality. In this paper, a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model is developed to depict the spatio-temporal dynamics in the PM2.5-AOD relationship and generate ground-level PM2.5 concentrations from satellite-derived 500 m AOD. To test the performance of GTWR model, two case studies were carried out both in Central China and North China. Cross validations display that the performance of GTWR model is better than ordinary least squares (OLS) model, GWR model and temporally weighted regression (TWR) model. GTWR model obtains the highest value of coefficient of determination (R2) and the lowest values of mean absolute difference (MAD), root mean square error (RMSE).


The ionic addition of molecular bromine to tetracyclo[3.2.0.02,7•04,6]heptane (quadricyclene) has been investigated in a variety of solvent Systems. Depending upon the nature of the solvent, three ...


Generally this switched reluctance motor has the rotor with rugged structure and due to this it suits for only high speed applications. And here the variable frequency drives only it uses and the main disadvantage of this motor is its noise, vibration, and lower torque ripple capability. Presently some research process has been going on for its mechanical structure, magnetic design, power electronics related design work, and improved design. Here in this paper, mechanical vibration and acoustic noise reduction analysis processes have been undertaken by using PI, PID and FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER. To reduce torque ripple here Matlab/Simulink have been used and to evaluate mechanical vibration and acoustic noise LabVIEW tool used. This software gives an efficient results in terms of mechanical vibration and acoustic noise. This graphical language gives the efficient and accurate results in terms of mechanical vibration and acoustic noise.


This paper discusses the desired characteristics of a tape-based petabyte science data archive and retrieval system required to store and distribute several terabytes (TB) of data per day over an extended period of time, probably more than 115 years, in support of programs such as the Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). These characteristics take into consideration not only cost effective and affordable storage capacity, but also rapid access to selected files, and reading rates that are needed to satisfy thousands of retrieval transactions per day. It seems that where rapid random access to files is not crucial, the tape medium, magnetic or optical, continues to offer cost effective data storage and retrieval solutions, and is likely to do so for many years to come. However, in environments like EOS these tape based archive solutions provide less than full user satisfaction. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to describe the performance and operational enhancements that need to be made to the current tape based archival systems in order to achieve greater acceptance by the EOS and similar user communities.


The short stories included in Hijos sin hijos (1993), by Enrique Vila-Matas, are unique in the Contemporary Spanish Narrative. The two references implied in the text are contemporary history and the life and works of Franz Kafka. The first is cambiguous or of little importance; and the second appears tranferred to the fictitious characters. The unique, the rare and the extravagant are prominent in these narrations that, at the end, are far away from realism.


3) Abstract:Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a tyrosine kinase type receptor glycoprotein, which is overexpressed for some patients with breast carcinoma (BC). HER2 status should be incorporated into a clinical decision concerning BC treatment along with other clinicopathologic factors, because it has emerged that HER2 overexpression is associated with not only effectiveness of the newly developed antibody-therapy using trastuzumab, which targets for HER2, but also clinical outcomes of BC patients and sensitivity to different types of chemotherapeutic agents. In order to evaluate actual situation of diagnosis and treatment for BC in Yamagata prefecture, we reviewed practice and procedure on BC treatment, especially examination and results on HER2 status, using our original questionnaire in the present study. Consequently, the following results were obtained: 1) Actual number of BC cases treated with surgery was markedly increased during last 8 years in Yamagata prefecture. 2) HER2 positive rate in this area was appropriate 10.6 %, which appeared to be lower than other areas. 3) Concerning distribution of HER2 status, there was somewhat a difference between each hospital. To establish more adequate circumstance for BC treatment, accurate examination on HER2 status and the construction of the appropriate quality control system should be required.


Mine detection is a sensitive task confronting the battlefield strategists. There is an ever-increasing demand for proper and sophisticated resources for many issues involved in the task. Traditional practices still involve human force directly in executing the tasks in spite of the advances in technology for tools and implements for the operation [GAO, 2001]. The problem includes various facets inherently: two of the prominent issues are location of mines over a minefield and secondly removal of the mines once located [GAO, 2001]. These two issues are not totally independent as technology used for one can directly or indirectly affect the other. Developments in artificial intelligence, natural heuristics, computational optimization and robotics have endowed us with the ability to realize unmanned robots (or robot like vehicles) that work intelligently on a real time basis in attempting at the problem of mine detection. In this paper we focus on the algorithms developed using ant colony optimization based approaches to the mine detection application and its implementation on a real-time basis. We focus on certain optimization techniques that could be used for effective realization of the algorithm. Generic groundscout robots had been already built at the MABL, RIT [Sahin F. et al., 2003]. These robots have been used to demonstrate the implementation


The main goal of the following article is an answer to the question on the role of the legal institutions in the processes of the societal collective memories petrification. Through the comparison of the normative basis for the functioning of the institutes for the national remembrance, in Poland and Ukraine, my crucial intention is a presentation of the regional specificity of the state impact on the processes of collective co-remembering in the particular postcommunist societies in Central and Eastern Europe, with the references to the characteristic elements of the regional constitutionalism. Necessary to identify and to explain is the inevitable fundamental difference between states' memory policies in the presented countries and their approach to the institutions. The text starts from the comparison of the institutes for the national remembrance, but my intention is to explain the differences trough the analyses of the legal and socio-legal background of their functioning.


Objective To study the dynamic change of the expression of TLR2, NF-B/p65 and caspase-3 in rat brain after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH),investigate the relationship between the three proteins and apoptosis and discuss the role of TLR2 pathway in secondary lesion after experimental ICH.Methods The rats were randomly divided into ICH group, sham group and control group.ICH rat models were prepared with stereotaxic infusion of autologous blood into caudate nucleus.The brains of rats were removed at different times and successive coronal slices were made and then stained (TUNEL and immunohistochemistry staining).Results TLR2,NF-B/p65 and caspase-3 all began to increase at 6h after ICH, continued to increase on 1d, reached peak on 3d and then began to decrease, but was still higher than control on 7d (P0.05), which changed as the apoptosis did.Conclusion NF-κB pathway mediated by TLR2 may be involved in inflammation after experimental ICH and may mediate caspase-3 to cause damage and apoptosis of neurons.


An adaptable measurement method is proposed for the frequency-dependency of the complex permittivity of the materials with low or high losses based on the rigorous hybrid electromagnetic method. Both transmission and reflection measurement methods are developed using the X-band waveguides. The validity of the methods is confirmed by virtual experiments and actual measurements.


Abstract 4760 Background: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare disease, comprising 2–3% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Case reports of seroma associated ALCL of the breast in association with silicone breast implants have appeared in the literature since 1997, but no data on the incidence of this complication has been reported. We use three case reports, including two previously published, in conjunction with data derived from three separate entities of Partners HealthCare (Brigham and Women9s Hospital; Massachusetts General Hospital; Faulkner Hospital) to establish an incidence estimate for this rare entity. Methods: Individual cases were identified by pathologists, surgeons and medical oncologists. We compared a list of patients from the institutions' Cancer Registries, with the results of a query we ran on an institution-internal query tool. For MGH patients only, we were also able to compare cancers revealed through a natural language processing search result of institutional pathology reports. Two of the cases were in the overlap of Cancer Registry data, and query results. One case was not contained within these results as it was omitted from the Cancer Registry. Case Presentations: Case 1 was surgically treated for breast cancer and reconstruction at New England Medical Center. At an unknown time relative to her breast cancer and tissue expander placement, she received a McGhan 210 cc textured silicone implant to her left breast. At time of rupture this implant was replaced with a 270 cc McGhan textured silicone implant filled to 295 cc at Newton Wellesley Hospital (NWH). Her surgical course was complicated by recurrent seroma, and she was eventually switched to Mentor smooth implant, with 275 cc implant on the right and 375 filled to 425 cc on the left. However, a biopsy of tissue at the time of this implant revealed ALK-negative ALCL in the left breast. Implants were removed at NWH and she was treated at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). After 3 cycles of chemotherapy (CHOP plus radiation) she remains in CR now at 18 months after treatment. Case 2 presented at Brigham and Women9s Hospital (BWH) after a surgically treated right breast cancer with recurrence and reconstruction with a McGhan 270 cc textured saline implant. In 2000 the patient presented with erythema at surgical site of her cancer and a biopsy confirmed ALCL. Due to age the patient was treated with radiation alone and this induced a sustained remission of her ALCL. Case 3 originally had bilateral augmentation mammoplasty in 1974 with bilateral McGhan 270cc textured saline implants. She presented at Northwest Medical Center in 2007 with what appeared to be an abscess at her left implant site but was positive for ALCL when biopsied. She was treated with CHOP and radiation at that institution. She recurred in 2008 in the right breast and presented to BWH for treatment. She received ESHAP, then radiation, then gemcitabine, cisplatin, and dexamethasone; despite these treatments, her disease progressed and the patient died this year. Results: A query of the comprehensive electronic health database of the Partners hospitals (RPDR) revealed 9,941 patients at our institutions, who had undergone full or partial reconstruction of the breast, or removal of a breast implant or tissue expander from 1992–2009. Database queries revealed 5778 patients at MGH, 4,968 at BWH, and 4780 at Faulkner Hospital (FH) with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Registry data revealed 18 ALCL patients (4 women) at MGH, 73 ALCL patients (24 women) at BWH and 2 ALCL patients at FH (1 woman). Of our three cases one was treated entirely within our core healthcare system, one was referred from another Partners Institution (NWH) and one was referred for tertiary care of her lymphoma. Incidence is established as 2 cases of implant-associated ALCL per 9941 patients or 0.02%. Implant-associated disease comprises 3.2% of all ALCL cases and 10% of ALCLs presenting among women. Conclusions: Incidence of breast implant-associated ALCL may be more common than the rare case reports suggest. Evaluation of late complications of breast implant such as chronic seroma or abscess with consideration of this disease may improve case recognition. The fatality as a result of systemic dissemination of this disease has not previously been reported. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Article history: Received: 14 February, 2020 Accepted: 19 March, 2020 Online: 27 March, 2020 This paper investigates the in plane behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls externally strengthening on both sides by different configurations of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) wraps. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of using the strengthening systems to improve the in plane behavior of masonry walls, the experimental program was conducted by testing four specimens. Initially, URM wall without retrofitting system; considered as a reference; was tested. The other specimens were retrofitted on both sides by different configurations of unidirectional CFRP wraps. Walls were tested following diagonal tensile (shear) test method. Then the effect of position, spacing, and reinforcement ratio on ductility, stiffness, shear behavior and failure modes of URM wall were evaluated. Experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of using CFRP in improving energy dissipation, strength, stiffness and ductility of URM wall. Furthermore, the strengthening system affected in a direct way the shear capacity and the deformability of URM walls.


ABSTRACT This paper combines two case studies from the UK and Israel to question/'que(e)ry' LGBTQ people's travel and mobility behaviours, to explore the issue of 'queer mobilities' and related exclusions from heteronormative public transport spaces. Our research demonstrates how the fear of anti-LGBTQ discrimination and violence have profound impacts on LGBTQ people's travel options and activity spaces. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, we examine how LGBTQ identity/'queerness', visibility, and safety perceptions affect mobility opportunities and choices. We pursue feminist and queer approaches to expose how LGBTQ people embody a complex, intersectional set of mobility considerations. The study reveals grounded experiences of different LGBTQ travellers and their coping strategies to feel able to travel safely. It identifies how LGBTQ participants are not necessarily physically excluded from mobility opportunities. Rather, they pay hidden costs to travel safely, which take the shape of identity and visibility compromises and heightened levels of fear while travelling. They also use more expensive travel alternatives, such as taxis, or take less direct routes to overcome their experiences of unsafe and inaccessible public transport alternatives. Thereby, we advocate a view of mobility as another important dimension of the discrimination and exclusion of sexual and gender minorities.


The transportation of hazardous materials has steadily increased through out the past thirty years and will continue to grow through the end of the century. The development of advanced technology to track extremely dangerous shipments and provide immediate electronic load information is essential to both transportation and public safety agencies. Federal, state and local transportation and public safety agencies must have hazardous material transportation information in order to plan, train and equip responders to meet the identified threat. Tracking and identification technology must be consistent within and across state and international borders. The development and implementation of a strategy and technology will require federal, state and private industry coordination and financing.


OBJECTIVE
To report the outcome of simultaneous placement of dental implants with maxillary sinus elevation in the presence of antral pseudocysts.

METHOD AND MATERIALS
This case series involved 14 patients with 28 implants placed simultaneously with maxillary sinus elevation. The psuedocysts were treated by cystic fluid extraction. Postoperative examinations were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months.

RESULTS
All restorations were finished 6 to 9 months after implant placement. Nine antral pseudocysts disappeared and five decreased in size. All implants were deemed successful at 1 year postoperatively, showing osseointegration and masticatory function. No mobility was found during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSION
In the absence of maxillary sinus infection, the combination of cystic fluid extraction, maxillary sinus elevation, and immediate implantation showed an acceptable clinical outcome in this series of patients.


Abstract This paper concerns the problem of embedding, in the flow of an autonomous vector field, a local diffeomorphism near a hyperbolic fixed point in a Banach space. To solve the problem, we first extend Floquet theory to Banach spaces, and then prove that two C∞ hyperbolic diffeomorphisms are formally equivalent if and only if they are C∞-equivalent. The latter result is a version, in the Banach space context, of a classical theorem by Chen.


Torrefaction pretreatment is a mild form of pyrolysis that has the potential to produce a high-quality raw material for making biofuel that serves as a replacement for coal in the bioenergy industry. Microwave-assisted torrefaction was conducted on white spruce sawdust (WSS) at temperatures of 200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C and retention times of 5 min, 7 min, and 9 min in an inert environment. The torrefaction process produces a solid carbon, commonly known as biochar, and condensable (torrefaction liquid (TL)) and non-condensable gases. In this study, torrefaction characteristics were investigated to observe its effects on the thermal and physiochemical properties of the pellets produced. During the torrefaction process, a significant mass loss associated with the decomposition of hemicellulose was observed. The hemicellulose content drastically reduced to approximately 1.8% and the cellulose content was reduced by approximately 10%, while the lignin gained approximately 35% as the severity increased. This led to an improvement in the higher heating value (HHV), hydrophobicity, bulk, particle density, pellet dimensional stability, and pellet density. However, the pellet tensile strength decreased as the torrefaction severity increased. Pellet tensile strength is a critical indicator of biomass pellets that expresses the force required to crush or damage a pellet. Therefore, to enhance the tensile strength of the pellets, the introduction of a binder was necessary. Torrefaction liquid and sawdust were used as additives at different proportions during pelletization. The addition of binders (torrefaction liquid and sawdust) to the pellet formulation increased the tensile strength of the torrefied WSS by approximately 50%. The OH groups in the biomass break down to a limited degree due to dehydration. This hinders the formation of H bonds, thereby increasing the chances that the pretreated biomass will become hydrophobic. The SEM graphs showed that the torrefied WSS pellets demonstrated more firmly glued surfaces with fewer pores spaces when set side by side with the raw pellets. The thermogravimetric analysis conducted showed that the torrefaction of WSS slightly reduced its thermal stability.


The losses of microstrip lines (gold-chrome on quartz) used in the construction of millimeter wave mixers were determined by measuring the unloaded Q of a n Xg/2 cavity. The losses axe approximately 30% higher than the theoretical values. It was also shown that short term heating of the microstrip and use of cyanoacrylic glue for mounting purposes should not cause any significant loss increase. MEASUREMENT OF QUARTZ MICROSTRIP AT 22 GHz AND 110 GHz 1. Measurement of Losses at 22 GHz The 22 GHz measurements were carried out on half-wavelength resonators using a loss test mount designed by S. Weinreb. The cross sections of the mount are shown in Figure 1. The half-wave length TEM resonator forms a transmission type cavity, which is coupled to the outside microwave circuit by two small antennas terminating two movable OSSM connectors. The measurement set-up is shown schematically in Figure 2. In this circuit the resonant frequency f , the loaded Q-factor Q , o L and the transmission loss T of the cavity at the resonant frequency were measured. This allowed the computations of the unloaded Q-factor Q , under the assumption of symmetrical coupling. The latter condition was assured by the geometrical symmetry of the resonator and was also (for larger couplings) checked by measuring the power reflected from the cavity at both ports (with other port terminated) with the help of directional coupler. The following relations between loaded Q-factor Q , unloaded Q-factor Q , 3 dB bandwidth Af, resonant U 9 frequency f , coupling coefficient $, and loss T were used : o o


The increasing demand for dimethyl ether (DME) requires novel technological solutions able to overcome the drawback of energy intensive distillation steps, and to reduce the overall costs of the current process. This study provides a brief overview of process intensification alternatives for the DME production based on dividing-wall column (DWC) technology and reactive distillation (RD). Rigorous simulations were performed in AspenTech Aspen Plus, where all alternatives based on DWC, RD and R-DWC, were optimized using sequential quadratic programming (SQP). The newly proposed processes allow significant energy savings, while using less equipment units and simplifying the overall process operation.


The system specification support environment presented in this paper, PROSPEX (Product Specification Expert), supports the RT-SA methodology. It not only provides graphic support for drawing, but also helps the engineer in the analysis and design process itself. PROSPEX analyses the quality and correctness of the RT-SA diagrams using knowledge-based techniques. PROSPEX also includes features for supporting design reuse. The development environment of PROSPEX was KEE expert system development shell running on a Symbolics workstation!.


FIVE FORWARD THINKERS [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Banking faces many challenges. It isn't down, and it isn't out--but it is changing The banker took a sip of his scotch and soda and put down the glass with a sigh. "I've told my son not to even think about being a banker," he confessed as the waiter took the other bankers' orders. "I'll keep at it, but this is no business to start out in today. Too much regulation, too much stress." Just a middle-aged CEO who's had a bad exam or two? He's not alone, judging by bank conference dinner conversations this fall. Some bankers feel shell-shocked and don't seem to think things will get better. Perhaps you've heard such sentiments about warning off the next generation, perhaps more than once. But now turn to Dan Blanton at Georgia Bank & Trust Company, Augusta. Georgia took a pounding during the Great Recession, and even Blanton's $1.7 billion-assets bank took some lumps. And yet ... "We have six or seven children of senior managers who grew up around this bank," says Blanton, president and CEO, "and they all wanted to come back to this bank to work. I take pride that this is where they want to work." One of Blanton's children, also named Dan, is a lender there, so you know the father means it when he says, "I think the future of banking is great. And there is certainly a great need for it." Blanton is no cockeyed optimist, and he would be the last to deny that much about the industry has changed in the last five years. But even that has a qualifier: "The way we execute is completely different," he says of the actual business of banking. "But the mission of what we do as bankers hasn't changed." Likewise, he groans with all bankers under the added regulatory burden. But as he looks ahead, he isn't throwing in the towel. "It is what it is," shrugs Blanton, "and it takes up a lot of our time and our resources." However, he observes that what older bankers complain about, younger bankers regard as normality. "It's what they are starting with," says Blanton, "and you know what? They are handling it." Bankers are realists--any industry that makes loans has to be. Dan Blanton is not alone in seeing a strong future for banking, even with its many challenges. A business that evolves You can't blame bankers for feeling like the room is spinning: generational change, technological change, tectonic regulatory and political change. But bankers we spoke with for this report suggest taking a serious look at what has and hasn't changed. "Every business evolves, and I wouldn't want banking to stay the same," says Jane Haskin, president and CEO, $196 million-assets First Bethany Bank & Trust, Bethany Okla. "That's stagnation, and that's unhealthy." In her career, Haskin says, she's seen women bankers advance to senior posts and industry diversity improve, seen the advent of the banking sales culture as opposed to passive order taking, and seen the system come out the other side of two crises. Beyond that, she says, banks of all sizes offer products unimagined even a decade ago, and she expects nothing less looking forward: "We'll be providing products tomorrow that we don't even know about today." Ask New Jersey banker Frank Sorrentino about industry change and he may show you his technology--perhaps five pounds of it. He travels with several handhelds and more than one computer, so he can manage anywhere and blog and tweet. Says Sorrentino, chairman and CEO of $1 billion-assets ConnectOne Bank, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: "We take deposits and make loans in our local communities; yes. But will those deposits continue to come in through physical branches? Will they come through a mobile phone? Will loans be made for the same type of businesses? …


The prototypical meaning of the imperative mood in different languages can be summed up as an act of inducing somebody to perform a certain action. The universal feature of the imperative mood is manifested in its unique ability to perform a syntactic function in the discourse structural organization. Viewed from its content-related perspective the category of inducement represents a multi-stage scale of semantic features, possessing a different degree of strictness and intensity on the part of the speaker's will manifestation. These features range from strict order to polite request, or an act of pleading. From the morphological view the so-called weak markedness of the singular and a more pronounced markedness of the plural represent a common feature of the Indo-European and Turkic languages.


Gallium Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) are thermally limited much below the electrical capability of the devices. The unique challenge of a GaN HEMT is its ultra-high heat flux at the micro-scale gate fingers. The traditional packaging and base plate level liquid cooling have limited capability and is far from the heat source, resulting in high thermal resistance from the device junction to the coolant, and ultimately limiting the RF power. We present a device-level high heat flux cooling solution with liquid micro-jet impingement within ~100 μm distance of the heat source. A preliminary demonstration of the technique on a GaN-on-Silicon device shows 50% higher heat dissipation capability, compared to the state-of-the-art pin fin base plate liquid cooling, while maintaining the device junction temperature at 150°C. If the dissipation power level is held constant at 35 W of dissipation power, the technique reduces the device junction temperature by 45°C.


ABSTRACT The article explores the shifts in (women's) social citizenship in Bosnia-Herzegovina and its effect on the development of childcare policy in the 1945–2019 period. Gendered, selective childcare policy, which was inherent in the socialist notion of social citizenship and aimed to emancipate women as 'worker-mothers', deteriorated in the transition period when ethnicity became prioritized over gender and class. Exclusionary citizenship practices increased with the post-1990 reforms as gender and social inequalities incorporated into childcare policy design become intertwined with inequalities based on ethnicity and/or locality. The post-1990 period is characterized by discontinuity, retrenchment and weak implementation of childcare-related rights.


. .................................... 1 Volume of material erupted.. ................... 0 ................................. Introduction.. 1 Current and recent activity of other vents.. ...... 7 .... Chronology of the eruption of Trident Volcano 3 References cited .............................. 7


Apparatus and methods, such as those that read data from non-volatile integrated circuit memory devices (106), such as NAND flash. For example, disclosed techniques can be embodied in a device driver (110) of an operating system (104). Errors are tracked during read operations. If sufficient errors are observed (204) during read operations, the block is then retired when it is requested to be erased or a page of the block is to be written (210), (212), (214), (310). One embodiment is a technique to recover data from uncorrectable errors. For example, a read mode can be changed (410) to a more reliable read mode to attempt to recover data. One embodiment further returns data (106) from the memory device regardless of whether the data was correctable (430) by decoding of error correction code data or not.


This paper describes the development of a viable platform for the design of full GaN (Gallium Nitride) monolithic integrated circuits for power conversion applications. The Normally-on and normally-off AlGaN/GaN power HEMT devices are used for the integrated circuit design using the ADS (Advanced Design System) tool. A monolithic switched-mode DC-DC buck converter with integrated functional blocks and over-current protection is used to showcase the suitability of the development. The designed GaN power integrated circuit was fully fabricated and tested to verify its functionality in power conversion.


Summary: The paper presents a using of ANP approach to study and to measure performance of network production systems. Network production systems can be shown as a set of business units interconnected by information, physical and financial flows from initial suppliers to ultimate customers. The network production system is responsible for global performance whereas each business unit is responsible for local performance. The ANP approach is used for the performance pyramid managerial concept by local performance measuring of business units and to compare the global performance of business units also. 1. Network production systems Network productions systems are focused on transformation of inputs into outputs. The management determines how best to utilize the available inputs of labor, capital, natural resources, materials, technology, energy and information to achieve the objectives. The objectives are often conflicting. The production system can be shown as interrelated sets of resources, products, processes, tasks, plans and events. A network production system is defined as a network of organizations that are involved, through linkages, in the different processes and activities that produce value in the form of products and services in the hands of the ultimate customer. In our model we assume a structure of network production systems with sets of potential suppliers, producers, distributors, customers etc. The sets are interconnected by information, physical and financial flows. In the network production systems independent partners are closely cooperating with each other. Information exchange is very important issue for coordinating actions of units. The expected result is a mutually beneficial, win-win partnership that creates a synergistic network in which the entire network is more effective than the sum of its individual parts. Partnership leads to increased information flows, reduced uncertainty, and a more profitable network. 2. Performance Pyramid Performance models estimate the measures of system performance for a given set of decisions and system parameters. Performance analysis of production systems helps to understand the behavior of these systems and to provide guidelines to improve their performance. The network production system is responsible for global performance whereas each unit is responsible for local performance.


Tramaforda wooli (Eriosomatidae: Fordinae), a new genus and species of gallforming aphids, is described from Israel. The new species forms leaf-edge galls on Pistacia atlantica. Autumn alate emigrants differ from all other Pistaciafeeding Fordinae in having only five antennal segments. Both the embryos inside the emigrants and the neonates born to the emigrants have remarkably long hind legs. Sexuparae, returning to Pistacia from an unknown secondary host in the spring, also have long hind legs with exceptionally long second segment of the hind tarsus.


The existence of underpricing effect in IPO has been investigated by a several studies conducted on the basis of stock exchanges in numerous countries. This phenomenon has been explained in the literature with the help of agency theory, signaling, cascading, behavioral theories among others. Numerous exogenous and endogenous factors of IPO underpricing has been identified in several empirical researches. The influence of these various determinants mostly depends upon different level of the capital market development, different structures of the markets, countries' specific regulation. The aim of this article is to present and investigate the degree of underpricing depending on the form of IPO: an issue of new shares in the shape of a public subscription, a sale of existing shares in the shape of a public subscription, a combination of both previous variants or an introducing shares into trading without sale offering. The research is based on the historical data available from the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The analysis is conducted among IPOs that took place over the period 2005-2018. The numerical results indicate the differential effect on the degree of underpricing effect in IPO resulting from various forms of IPO.


Almost all kinds of data can be transmitted through a network or by wireless. In order to protect the content or to keep privacy, the information system should be equipped with encryption and robustness techniques. Many of these techniques and applications are based on the arithmetic of the finite field, for example, AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and RS (Reed Solomon) codes. In the operation of computation in AES, several steps have to use inverse and multiplication functions, which are analyzed as the critical path. The Rijndael proposal for AES (see Daemen, J. and Rijmen, V., "AES Proposal: Rijndael", Document Version 2, 1999) suggests using look-up tables to replace complex computation modules. Each table is neither of suitable size nor available for various applications, such as the choices of different irreducible polynomials. This paper presents the analysis of a new algorithm for computing inverses in GF(2/sup m/) on the standard basis. The architecture of the inverse module can use parallel and pipelined techniques to speed up the AES. This method reduces the complexity of the critical modules and promotes the overall performance. Those modules are particularly simple, flexible and expandable; therefore, the algorithm is naturally suitable for VLSI implementation.


Among the warhead types of anti-air missiles for combating aerial targets, fragmented warheads are widely used. The fragmentation warhead destroys the target mainly through the high-speed movement of fragments to penetrate the target. One of the key points to analyzing the damage of the target is the analysis of the warhead movement process during it flying away, and the other is the geometrical equivalence of the target model. Based on the analysis of the warhead fragmentation movement characteristics, this essay builds the flying trajectory model of the fragments, and establishes the vulnerability geometric model of the target and damage probability calculation model to analyze the damage effect of the warhead on the target. The result of this paper provides a theoretical basis for actual verification of target damage probability.


The development of soft skills is considered vitally important for the professionals in the Food Industry Engineering field. Employers in the food industry seek graduates who are prepared for work and possess strong teamwork skills. One effective strategy for students to practice and enhance their teamwork skills is through team-based assignments. In this study, three different team-based tasks were assigned to students in the three Food Industry Engineering courses. These tasks included the preparation of a Kahoot! questionnaire, a video presentation, and a traditional written report, all related to specific topics covered in the courses. The teamwork skills of the students were evaluated using VALUE rubrics. The acceptability of these three learning methodologies was also measured. The results indicated that the use of Kahoot! and student video presentations resulted in higher teamwork scores  compared to the traditional methodology (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the uses of Kahoot! and video presentation in any of the courses (P>0.05). The level of student satisfaction, regarding the general acceptance of Kahoot! and video presentation tools, as well as the acquisition of teamwork skills, was very positive. These findings undoubtedly encourage faculty to incorporate these new teaching methodologies in Food Industry Engineering courses.


Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have and important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) [1]. Some of these products present auto-fluorescent, feature typically used to measure them [2]. Recently, it has been described the characterization of AGEs using mass spectrometry (MS) [3]. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of these techniques to measure AGEs in patients with HF. One hundred consecutive patients with HF attending our medical centre were included in the study and clinical and analytical data were obtained (69.7±11.9 years, 34% female, 36% diabetics). Fluorescent AGEs and mass-shift of glycated albumin were respectively measured by fluorescence spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF/MS in the plasma of these patients. Positive association between glycated albumin mass-shift (66,616 ± 32.2 Da ranging 66,565 – 66,686 Da) and plasma levels of fluorescent AGEs (65.5 ± 20.8 a.u. ranging 29.5 - 128.8 a.u.) was observed (p < 0.05). While fluorescent AGEs only measure part of the total glycated modifications, the MS technique allow a global measurement of the glycated state of major circulating proteins. However, the strong correlation between both types of measure, points out that both of them can be used as biomarkers of the glycation state of plasma.


Abstract Microstructure and texture evolution of an Mg–7Gd–5Y–1Nd–0·5Zr (EW75) extruded alloy after normal rolling (NR) or cross-rolling (CR) up to three passes with 20% reduction per pass were investigated. The results showed that microstructures with finer grains and weaker textures were developed due to the strain state change during cross-rolling between passes in comparison with the conventional normal rolling. It is suggested that, fewer twins and more secondary particles benefit the dynamic recrystallisation and weaken the texture. Tensile tests conducted at room temperature showed that the material subjected to cross-rolling (CR) after three passes resulted in an enhanced ductility and almost isotropic strength, which mainly attributed to the finer grain structure and texture modification with the (0002) poles distributing more homogeneously.


An ethylene film to a polytetrafluoroethylene porous polytetrafluoroethylene made of a fluorine resin and ethylene as the main component, the area around a 1㎡ (全) a surface area of more than 4000㎡ and the melting point peak of 333 ℃ resin fibers included per 25㎛ thickness or less of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane ethylene.


Abstract Objective: The formula 1/2abc was suitable for the estimation of the epidural, acute subdural, most intracerebral and even some chronic subdural hematoma volume, but its accuracy was prone to be affected by some particular shapes of hematomas. In this study, we aimed to validate a more accurate method for the estimation of the epidural, subdural and intracerebral hematoma volume. Methods: In the present study, hematomas were categorized into the epidural, subdural and intracerebral groups, and every hematoma in three subgroups was respectively estimated with the following methods, including the computer-assisted planimetric analysis (gold standard), 2/3Sh, 1/2abc, 1/3abc and Tada's formula. Moreover, the percentage deviation of the estimated hematoma volume by every method in comparison with gold standard was assessed respectively. Results: Compared with gold standard (39.59±24.47 ml), the formula 2/3Sh (40.55±26.58 ml, P>0.05) overestimated the epidural hematoma volume by nearly 1% (0.01±0.09, P>0.05); similarly, the formula 2/3Sh (70.56±49.06 ml, P>0.05) in comparison with gold standard (69.98±45.99 ml) overestimated the subdural hematoma volume by nearly <1% (−0.00±0.13, P>0.05). In addition, the intracerebral hematoma volume assessed by the formula 2/3Sh in contrast with gold standard (33.33±33.19 ml) was 33.88±34.39 ml (P>0.05) with an only 2% (−0.02±0.15, P>0.05) underestimation. Discussion: The formula 2/3Sh in contrast with other methods was a precise, simple, convenient estimation method, which was suitable for the epidural, subdural and intracerebral hematoma volume.


The infrared radiation absorption properties of H/sub 2/O, D/sub 2/O, and HDO have significant characteristics and differences which may be used for detection and; analytical purposes. Rapid laboratory methods of analysis for both light in heavy and heavy in light water are de scribed using a double-beam infrared spectrophotometer. Methods for isotopic analysis of D/sub 2/O streams and D/sub 2/O vapor leaks are described. (W.D.M.)


Abstract X ray absorption edges and preedges together with Fourier transforms of the EXAFS signal of the LaCo(fsa)2en,NO3 complex ((fsa)2en ˭N,N′-bis(3-carboxysalicydene)ethylenediamine) alone or intercalated in montmorillonite and taeniolite have been studied as a function of temperature. A preferential orientation of the complex has been found when it is intercalated in the silicates. Upon applying thermal treatment, it undergoes similar decomposition whatever it is free or in taeniolite. Due to the thermal stability of taeniolite layers, a taeniolite-LaCoO3 layered nanocomposite could be formed. On the other hand, we have shown that being in montmorillonite, the cobalt oxide phase is reduced progressively above 270°C.


Field experiment and residue detection were conducted to study residual dynamic of pyridaben in apple and soil.Pyridaben residues were quantified by GC.The results showed that pyridaben's half-lives in apple and soil were 7.34 d and 8.62 d.Spraying twice with the recommended dose of 50 mg/L,the residue in apple 7 days after the final spray was less than 0.10 mg/kg.


TAO (The University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory) is planned to be constructed at the summit of Co. Chajnantor (5640 m altitude) in Chile. MIMIZUKU (Mid-Infrared Multi-field Imager for gaZing at the UnKnown Universe) is a mid-infrared imager (Field of View: 1' x 1'- 2' x 2') and spectrometer (Δλ/λ: 60-230) for the 6.5-m TAO telescope, covering the wavelength range of 2-38 μm. The MIMIZUKU has a unique equipment called Field Stacker (FS) which enables the simultaneous observation of target and reference object. The simultaneity is expected to improve photometric accuracy and to realize long-term monitoring observations. The development status of the MIMIZUKU is reported in this paper. The FS and the cryostat of the MIMIZUKU have been fabricated and under testing. The cold optics (550 mm x 750 mm x 2 floors) with 28 mirrors has been constructed. The mirrors were aligned with the positional precision of 0.1 mm and the angular precision of 0.1 deg. The evaluated optical performance is that the diffraction-limited image at λ <8 μm and the enough compact image (r <2 pix=0.22") at 2 λ ~2μm can be obtained. In the cold optics, the drive systems with backlash-less gears are employed and work well even in cryogenic environment. The grisms made with silicon and germanium have been fabricated by ultraprecision cutting. It was found that their surface roughness, grating constant, and blaze angle almost measure up to the designed values.


This paper provides a variational formalism for boundary value problems which arise in certain feilds of research such as that of electricity, where the a,sociated boundary conditions contain complex periodic conditions. A functional is provided which embodies the boundary conditions of the problem and hence the expansion (trial) functions need not satisfy any of them.


During his long and multi-genre career in English letters, H. G. Wells, "a permanent and popular writer" (Bloom xi), published more than eighty short stories. Some of them, by his own admission, were "hurried and inadequately revised" affairs (Wells, Experiment in Autobiography 5) done for quick money, while others, by borrowing elements and themes from the likes of Plato and Jonathan Swift, his two favorite authors, have become classics in the genre. Among these are "The Country of the Blind" (1904), considered his masterpiece, and "The Door in the Wall" (1911), a tale of intense "cultural malaise" (Wagar 61). One of Wells's lesser-known works of short fiction is "Mr. Skelmersdale in Fairyland," written in 1901. The story was widely read and admired when it first came out, a time when many of his countrymen, Arthur Conan Doyle among them, actually believed in fairies and other types of little people. But the tale is rarely reprinted or discussed today. There are allusive hat-tips to Gulliver's Travels as well as Plato's "Allegory of the Cave" in this touching work of "atmosphere" and "estrangement" (Chialant 232). The tale offers the account of a lonely and troubled shop clerk who, quite by happenstance, finds himself, one calm, summer evening, in "a paradisal alternative world" (Smith 150), a place of tranquility, color, and breathtaking beauty. But most of all, it is a place of pure and transcendent love. Wells liked to describe such fictions about lost wanderers who find themselves adrift in strange worlds, be they "paradisal" or otherwise, as "exploration fantasies" (Wells, "Preface" viii). In this bewitching example of that selfdescribed genre, Wells offers, just as he did six years earlier in The Time Machine—"a fairy tale for the scientific age" (Ashley 253)—several understated but nonetheless enriching allusions to and echoes of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, a quintessential "exploration fantasy" about another ingenuous protagonist who, also on a warm day in the south of England, finds herself in a different reality and is forever changed by the experience. And these borrowings add depth and a "wider resonance" (Parrinder 73) to Wells's affective tale of loss and regret. The eponymous character in Lewis Carroll's 1865 children's classic, a bored young girl with "nothing to do" (Carroll 2) one summer, tumbles into her subterranean adventure when, on a lovely day in the countryside, her path is crossed by the White Rabbit—with his tailored waistcoat and expensive pocket watch. Muttering under his breath about stress and time concerns—"'Oh dear! I shall be too late!'"—he leads the girl onward and then downward into Carroll's land of dreams, a magical place of glowing colors and incredible wonders. Alice "started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch to take out of it, and, burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the hedge" (3). Lured on by this pale creature hopping out ahead of her, Alice decides to venture under the hedge herself, and she soon falls "Down, down, down" (5) into a world that is beyond her wildest dreams and imaginings, even for a child. It is a place of "strange creatures" (168), beautiful gardens, and incredible colors, all of which elicit her most quotable line: "'Curiouser and curiouser!'" (14). "Without reverie," declared Wells in his 1934 Experiment in Autobiography, "life would be unendurable to the greatest of human beings" (52). In "Mr. Skelmersdale in Fairyland," the author


Experimental results are presented describing the buckling type of instability of thin layers of very viscous liquids subjected to linear shear flow. If the dimensionless shear stress in the layer exceeds a critical value, the layer will buckle in a manner similar to the buckling of a thin elastic plate. The stability criteria are obtained as a ratio of the destabilizing viscous stresses relative to the stabilizing surface tension and gravitational forces.


In a lot of countries, paucity and inadequate of resources upon the public investments available for infrastructural projects have led government to request the private sector to go into long-term contractual agreements for the investing and maintenance of capital intensive development projects. This paper analyzes the underlining principles of infrastructure investment, finance and development projects, centering on Public Sector (PS) and Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs). We demonstrated that project investments are suitable for PPP infrastructure projects, since properties and development projects are situated in a precise location. Furthermore, in the scenario of an accurately formulated PPP contract, the higher expenditure of capital and investment are perhaps the compensation for competence, effectiveness and advantages of PPPs. Lastly, we anticipated that PPP modification will continue to advance in the future, when more detailed and specialize academic research has been adequately conducted with the aids of innovative ideas and results oriented outcomes reported accordingly.


Customer satisfaction is a fundamental and simple business concept. But the implementation is very complicated. This is one factor that only few company have long term commitment in implementing the programs to increase customer satisfaction. Many competitors among foreign's banking in Indonesia caused Citibank which is one of the biggest foreign bank in Indonesia have to find the ways to win the competition. In order to fullfil their goals, Citibank has to improve themselves to complete the customer's needs. In other word, they have to find new customer asa much as they can, without losing the old ones. One of the strategy to raise the bank's identity is to improve the service, because bank's identity depends on customer's feedback. If the identity is positive, the it would bring advantage for bank itself. Because colud become the media for promotion indirectly to that bank. This thesis contents marketing basic theory and customer satisfaction survey's result of service that have been given by Citibank. The objective of this analysis is to know the relationships between service quality's attribute with customer satisfaction to improve company's sales volume and formulate better marketing strategy. This research is done amongs its customer Citibank at Landmark baranch, by spreading questioner to 100 customer as sample at September 2009. After complete the questioner, researcher then continue to the test the data whether is valid or reliable which used SPSS 13.0 for windows programs. Then researcher count the percentage of service quality and customer's satisfaction with the questioner. This step is to know that indicator – indicator in the questioner is valid and reliable or not. Then the valid questioner is beling analyze with simple regression method, which used SPSS 13.0 for Windows Programs. The purpose is to know the relation and effect (regression) between service quality with customer's satisfaction/After all process completed, then we get the relevant result. Research result that have been found, allowed that the five services quality dimension have relation with customer satisfaction, that there is a strong and positive relation between service quality and customer satisfaction. Another that, we found that there is regression between service quality and customer satisfaction. Based on the researcher, researcher suggest Citibank to keep giving good service quality which currently is already good. By giving good quality performance, Citibank customer's will be satisfied and loyalty of Citibank will be improve.


Methods: The methods indicate soil drill cores are taken but do not highlight what depths are analyzed and presented. The text states in L. 102 : "Our analyses focused on selected layers only, as shown in Table 1" but Table 1 does not include this information. One would expect that the contribution of POM vs MAOM and the state of decomposition may vary with soil depth (perhaps not in the traditional predictions) yet the paper does not describe what depths are being analyzed.


The application of psychophysiological signals in human-computer interaction is a growing field with significant potential for future smart personalised systems. Working in this emerging field requires comprehension of an array of physiological signals and analysis techniques.
Pupillometry has been studied for over a century, but it has just recently started being used in human-computer interaction setups. Traditionally, pupil size has been used as an indicator of cognitive workload and mental effort. However, pupil size has been linked to other cognitive processes as well, ranging from attention to affective processing. We present a short review on the application of pupillometry in human-computer interaction.
This paper aims to serve as a primer for the novice, enabling rapid familiarisation with the latest core concepts. We put special emphasis on everyday human-computer interface applications to distinguish from the more common clinical or sports uses of psychophysiology.
This paper is an extract from a comprehensive review of the entire field of ambulatory psychophysiology, including 12 similar chapters, plus application guidelines and systematic review. Thus any citation should be made using the following reference: B. Cowley, M. Filetti, K. Lukander, J. Torniainen, A. Henelius, L. Ahonen, O. Barral, I. Kosunen, T. Valtonen, M. Huotilainen, N. Ravaja, G. Jacucci. The Psychophysiology Primer: a guide to methods and a broad review with a focus on human-computer interaction. Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 9, no. 3-4, pp. 150-307, 2016.


In existing behavioral finance literature on stock mispricing, rational investors largely play a passive role in tolerating mispricing due to limits to arbitrage. In this paper, we show that rational speculators sometimes proactively and intentionally create mispricing by driving up stock prices away from their fundamental values through synchronized attacks with explosive trading volumes. The inflated stock price is subsequently supported by new rounds of irrational buyers who are subject to extrapolation bias and by existing stockholders who are reluctant to sell due to the disposition effect. This paper develops a simple model to illustrate how bubble-creating attacks can succeed in equilibrium under certain limits-to-arbitrage conditions, and provides consistent empirical evidence in the Chinese stock market using investors' trading data from a large brokerage company in China.


As the deployment of network-centric systems increases, network attacks are proportionally increasing in intensity as well as complexity. Attack detection techniques can be broadly classified as being signature-based, classification-based, or anomaly-based. In this paper we present a multi level intrusion detection system (ML-IDS) that uses autonomic computing to automate the control and management of ML-IDS. This automation allows ML-IDS to detect network attacks and proactively protect against them. ML-IDS inspects and analyzes network traffic using three levels of granularities (traffic flow, packet header, and payload), and employs an efficient fusion decision algorithm to improve the overall detection rate and minimize the occurrence of false alarms. We have individually evaluated each of our approaches against a wide range of network attacks, and then compared the results of these approaches with the results of the combined decision fusion algorithm.


The genus Genista L. (Family: Fabaceae) is a plant having several traditional uses for treating common ailments such as diabetes, ulcer, and respiratory diseases. In this current study, the composition of essential oil and the biological activities of Genista sagittalis L. (Fabaceae) from Kocaeli: Yuvacık Dam Basin have been studied. A total of fourteen components were identified in the essential oil. The identified compounds belonged to straight-chain alkane, aromatic ether, and terpenoid derivatives. The antibacterial activity analyses demonstrated that G. sagittalis flower extract only had low activity against P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa with MICs 1 to 2 mg/mL, as the peduncle extract showed strong anti-QS activity at 1.3 mg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, the current work is the first to report the antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activity of G. sagittalis growing in Turkey. Double-stranded DNA binding affinity investigations of the flower and peduncle ethanol extracts indicate that there are interactions with double-stranded DNA and related binding constants (Kb) were found as 1.97×103±0.37 and 3.68×102±0.44 for the flower and peduncle extract, respectively.


Dynamic fracture process in polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) beamshave been investigated during the three-point-bending impact tests at different imapct velocites, conducted in a drop-weight impact tower instrument. The impact-induced crack initiation and propagation have been recorded with a high-speed camera, to determine the instantaneous fracture length and crack velocity during impact process. The beam deformation and displacement fields were extracted and analyzed by using the digital image correlation (DIC) thechnique during the impact. The impact loading history has been recorded with a load cell attached to the dropping weight. Thewhole experimental studyis a suitable technique to determine the influence of the impact velocites (impact energy) on the dynamic fracture initation and propagation at different


ASTRO-H is the sixth X-ray observation satellite in Japan developed by Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS/JAXA). ASTRO-H will investigate the physics of the high-energy universe by performing high-resolution and broadband observations. In order to achieve the mission objectives, ASTRO-H will carry six scientific instruments (two telescopes, two imagers, a detector, and a spectrometer) covering very wide energy range from 0.3 to 600 keV. This paper describes thermal design for the Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) and the Hard X-ray Imager (HXI) installed on the ASTRO-H satellite. These instruments consist of silicon and cadmium-telluride semiconductor-based cameras, BGO active shields with avalanche photo diodes, and electronics. In order to achieve highly-sensitive observations, the semiconductor cameras and BGO active shields are required to be maintained at low temperatures for their high signal-to-noise ratios. This paper shows some measures and efforts to keep these devices at low temperatures under varieties of external heat input conditions and high heat dissipations from the semiconductor cameras and electronics. Thermal analyses using thermal mathematical model and some development tests using thermal test model of these instruments are reported as well.


The article deals with the views of the Tatar historians of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century regarding the origin of the Tatar people as a core issue of the Jadidist historiography. Conceptual approaches to its solution were outlined by Sh.Mardzhani in the first scientific research on national history "Mustafad al-akhbar fi akhvali Kazan va Bulgar" (The information brought to the history of Kazan and Bulgar), where the history of the people was set out as the continuity and ongoing development of the Volga Bulgaria through the history of the Golden Horde and the Tatar Khanates. These ideas generally were supported by his successors as R. Fakhrutdinova, H. Gabyashi, G. Akhmarov, H. Atlasi, A. Validi, and G. Battal. Ethnogenetic concepts were important component and essential factor in the process of national consolidation claiming the idea of the ethnic unity and defining the particular historical and cultural place of the Tatars among other nations. Answer the question of the ethnonym and ethnic self-identity: "Who we are: Muslims, Bulgarians, Turks or the Tartars?" became currently important and demanded one. Among the Tatar historians it was no any consensus on the self-designation, but regardless of the commitment to a particular ethnonym they recognized ethno-cultural specifics of his people and showed in their works the establishment and development of the particular ethnicity of Turkic Muslims of the Volga and Ural regions.


Interfacial damage is incorporated in the proposed nonlinear theory for composite laminated shells. A spring-layer model is employed to characterize damaged interfaces spanning from perfect bonding to different degrees of imperfect bonding in shear. By enforcing compatibility conditions for transverse shear stresses both at interfaces and on two bounding surfaces of a laminated shell, only five unknowns are needed for modeling its behavior. The principle of virtual work is used to derive the governing equations, which are of 14th order in lines of curvature coordinates, variationally self-consistent with seven prescribed boundary conditions. This theory includes the conventional higher-order zigzag model for a perfectly bonded shell as a special case. Numerical results provide a physical understanding of the effect of interracial damage on bending and buckling responses of composite laminated shells.


Soil test P, K and S – yield response relationships for wheat, lupin and canola can be used to make better fertiliser decisions. Soil test using 0-10 cm soil samples provided reliable predictions of yield response to P when separated into soil types with different P sorption capacities. In contrast, soil sampling to 30 cm depth improved wheat and canola yield response prediction with the K soil test when the impact of soil acidity and potential yield on root distribution was taken into account. The deeper soil sampling to 30 cm improved the relationship for S canola but not for wheat where rate of S leaching and potential yield appear to be important. The N soil test-response relationships for wheat and canola were not significant and critical values could not be defined.


The objective of this study was to analyze the body composition of seven to 10 year-old children of high socioeconomic status. Therefore, 511 children (274 boys and 237 girls) were submitted to body mass, height and triceps (TR) and subscapular (SE) skinfolds thickness anthropometric measurement. Based on this information, the following topics were determined: relative body fat (% Fat), lean body mass (LBM), body fat distribution (BFD) and sum of the thickness of the TR and SE skinfolds (£TSF). Two-way ANOVA was used for comparisons between gender and the different age groups, followed by the Scheffe post hoc test when P boys) and in LBM (boys > girls). Significant age effect was identified in all analyzed variables, except for DBF, with the highest values having been found in the 10 year-old group. A high percentage both for boys and girls presented high adiposity index, with superiority for boys (28% vs. 14%, P < 0.01). On the other hand, a larger number of girls presented relative body fat concentrations below the desirable cutting points (15% vs. 3%, P < 0.01). The values of body adiposity found in the present study suggest that a high percentage of children from both gender already present important health risk factors at early ages.


Itinerant spin polaron and metallic ferromagnetism are theoretically predicted in the Mott insulator in semiconductor moir\'e superlattices doped below and above half filling of the narrow moir\'e band, respectively. The existence of spin polaron can be directly identified from the kink in the dependence of the charge gap on the magnetic field.


The striatum, input nucleus of the basal ganglia, receives topographically organized input from the cortex and gives rise to the direct and indirect pathways with antagonistic effects on the output of the basal ganglia. We optogenetically stimulated the direct and indirect pathways in mice and measured their influence on perceptual decisions and neuronal activity in the cortex. In a task in which mice had to detect a visual stimulus, unilateral direct-pathway stimulation increased the probability of lick responses to the non-stimulated side and increased cortical activity globally. In contrast, indirect-pathway stimulation increased the probability of licks to the stimulated side and decreased activity in visual cortical areas. To probe the possible role of the two pathways in working memory, we trained the mice to report the location of a stimulus with licking one of two spouts, after a memory delay. Direct-pathway stimulation prior to and during the memory delay enhanced both the neural representation of a contralateral visual stimulus and the number of contraversive choices, whereas indirect-pathway stimulation had the opposite effects, in accordance with an antagonistic influence of the direct and indirect pathways on licking direction. Our results demonstrate how these two pathways influence perceptual decisions and working memories, and modify activity in the cerebral cortex. One sentence summary Visuomotor transformations are influenced antagonistically by the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia during visual detection and working memory tasks


Abstract The binary lyotropic liquid crystal system CsPFO/water is one which has been extensively studied in recent years [1] since the system contains a nematic phase, (ND), over an unprecedented range of temperature and concentration of exceptional stability. This phase is bordered at higher temperatures by an isotropic micellar phase, (L1), and at lower temperatures by a defected lamellar phase (LαH). A non-ionic hydrophilic polymer, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), has been added to the system replacing some water molecules. Optical microscopy agrees with previously reported results [2] showing that at 0.9% PEO the lamellar phase is replaced by a phase with a nematic-type texture, (N*). This system is unusual in polymer-surfactant systems in that the polymer addition causes a phase change from a lamellar phase to a magnetically orientatable phase. We have used small angle neutron scattering (SANS), optical microscopy and 2H NMR to investigate both the LαH and N* phases in order to understand the structural...


Objective To evaluate the medical indexes of student pilots by different distant vision classes,and to discover the scientific evidence of revising vision standard to recruit student pilots. Methods A cross-section survey was conducted to the student pilots in some year,and 290 student pilots were classified into 3 groups by different distant vision( 0. 8,0. 9 and above 1. 0),all sampled respondents were interviewed with questionnaire,physical examination,including distant vision,hearing,heart function,pulmonary function,database was established,cleaned and analyzed by EpiData 3. 02,SAS 9. 13 with double entered checking. Results Different class of student pilots by distant vision have different psychological selection performance record,the group 0. 9 lowest( 5. 40 ± 0. 62),the group above 1. 0 highest( 5. 89 ± 0. 62),and the other indexes including entrance examination performance,distant vision,hearing,heart function and pulmonary function were provided,different class of student pilots by distant vision have no differences. Conclusions The vision standard to recruit student pilots should combine the psychological selection performance,and to determine the index of which should carry out prospective study.


The European freshwater mollusk Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel) adheres to a plethora of surfaces underwater via the byssus: a proteinacious 'anchor'. We propose to reveal the proteins responsible for underwater adhesion and their corresponding molecular mechanism in order to create bioadhesives for medical and dental applications, and to develop targeted anti-fouling coatings. We report here sequence data for fifteen novel byssal proteins and two previously known byssal proteins. We also report here the first genomic information available for the quagga mussel species. Proteins were separated and identified using Tris-Bis SDS-PAGE, and proteins were localized at the plaque interface using MALDI-TOF MS. We created a foot transcriptome library using next-generation RNA-sequencing technologies and de novo assembly. We determined the primary sequence of byssal proteins by LC-MS/MS to fingerprint protein sequences from our transcriptome library. We now have a list of adhesive protein candidates for further characterization.


Simple Summary In this study, we hypothesized that the personalized strategies for the animal-assisted therapy (AAT) could be improved by selecting animal species and breeds for individuals (persons) according to the emotions induced in the persons by different animal species and breeds. To our knowledge, this study is the first in the area in which the FaceReader technique has been applied to improve the methodology of AAT, which could be the first step to avoiding and/or minimizing stressful situations during a person's contact with an animal. To implement the aim, the images of different animal species (dogs, cats, pigs, sheep, and horses) and various breeds of those species were used. This study showed that the animal species is a significant factor in the intensity of the 'neutral' and 'happy' emotions as well as valence. In addition, animal breed is a significant factor in the intensity of the emotion 'happy' and valence. Finally, in this study, we obtained results that could be used as a personalized strategy for improvement of the AAT and to help the individuals select a pet. Abstract The aim of this study was to apply the FaceReader technique to select the animal species and breed for a personalized AAT based on the emotions ('neutral', 'happy', 'sad', 'angry', 'surprised', 'scared', 'disgusted', and 'contempt') induced in the persons (18–64 years old) by the images of different animal species and breeds. To implement the aim, the images of different animal species (Canis familiaris, Felis silvestris catus, Sus scrofa domesticus, Ovis aries, and Equus caballus) and their breeds (dogs: Australian shepherd, pug, Labrador retriever, Doberman, miniature schnauzer, beagle, three mixed-breed types, Yorkshire terrier, Cane Corso, Samoyed, and Chihuahua; cats: British shorthair, Himalayan cat, three mixed breed types, Siamese cat, Sphynx, and Bengal cat; horses: Norwegian Fjord, Exmoor pony, Andalusian, and Friesian; pigs: Vietnamese pot-bellied and Kunekune; sheep: Herdwick sheep and Suffolk sheep) were used. This study showed that the animal species is a significant factor in the intensity of the emotions 'neutral' and 'happy' as well as valence, and the animal breed is a significant factor for the emotion 'happy' intensity and valence. The obtained results could be used as a personalized strategy for improving AAT and helping the individuals to select a pet.


"THE general and ordinary punishment by the common law, in respect of all misdemeanours, punishable by indictment or information, is fine or imprisonment, or both, the amount of which is altogether discretionary." This statement appears in the Seventh Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners on Criminal Law (1843, p. 104). "By the provisions of Magna Carta and the Bill of Rights judges are restrained from giving inordinate punishment; but the common law has not drawn a limit to the punishment which may be inflicted for a misdemeanour" (per Bramwell, L.J., in R. v. Castro (1880) 5 Q.B.D. 490, 509). These old principles were re-affirmed by the House of Lords (Lords Reid, Morris of Borth-y-Gest, Pearce, Upjohn and Pearson) in Verrier o, D.P.P. (19663 All E.R. 568) when a term of imprisonment of seven years for conspiracy was, in the circumstances of the case, upheld. The conspiracy was a conspiracy to defraud, there being only one count. The fraud was to induce an insurance company that had issued a policy of insurance on the life of a named person to pay the insurance money by falsely pretending that the person had died at sea. The maximum punishment on one charge of obtaining money by false pretences is five years' imprisonment. The appellant argued that seven years was an unlawful sentence, or at least an improper one, and that it should have been five years at the most or, more rightly, two years. In the speech of Lord Pearson (with which the other members of the House agreed) this contention was rejected. The Court of Criminal Appeal had upheld the original sentence, stressing the fact that there had been "a bold and wicked plot, cunningly conceived." Blackstone and other writers have stated that at common law there is a discretionary power regarding the length and amount of such punishments as imprisonment and fines. In


Abstract Among philosophers, the question about strategic fouls has been whether they are ethically justified in light of our best conception of sport. This paper proposes a different defense. I argue that many strategic fouls should be excused even if we regard them as unjustified. I first lay out a partial defense of the assumptions that playing to win cannot be subordinate to playing skillfully and that winning has value that cannot be accounted for in terms of the skill that produces it. I then argue that the logic of competitive play structures practical reason such that it is unreasonable to require even an ethical competitor always to subordinate the aim of winning to ethical standards within the game. Some ethical failures should be excused. The argument implies limits on the excusing conditions. I discuss these limits in some detail, showing that they fit patterns in the common acceptance of strategic fouls. I then address possible objections. In conclusion I argue that the logic of excuse rather than justification explains a common reaction to strategic fouls, resolving what might otherwise appear to be a contradiction in that reaction.


The technological development is growing up fast, and it is going to talk about the geotechnical development on constructions. The software (program) is urgently needed to simplify calculation and the analysis of slopes and structures. In this study, the author searched how to analyze the slope stability computationally and got Plaxis program, to analyze the Piyungan slope stability case at Yogyakarta to determine the safety factor. The result has been analyzed manually and computationally and it got a safety factor less than required. The safety factor manually was 0.95085 1.5 and computationally with Plaxis became 1.76601 >1.5 So the slope became safer.


: Nuclei generate high spins by two methods, alignment of single particle angular momentum and collective rotation. The competition of -these two modes is discussed for the highest spins 40 ~ I~ 65h. Evidence is presented that alignment of the h912 and i 1312 proton obit a 1 s from the next higher major shell produces large affects at high sp.ins in rotational nu clei tn the A = 160-166 region. It is suggested that such major shell effects produce the still larger irregularities known to occur in the lighter nuclei of this region.


Cyanobacteria are unique and rare among the entire microbial community. A large number of Cyanobacterial strains are well known for their diazotrophic nature and significant for nitrogen economy of the soil, however being damaged by environmental contamination such as agrochemical and industrial effluents. In present study occurrence of diazotrophic Cyanobacteria exposing their diversity in distillery effluent was investigated. The physicochemical properties of effluents of two distillery industries situated in Bilaspur district were analyzed. Total 19 strains of diazotrophic Cyanobacteria were identified and isolated from distillery effluent flooded area, whereas Anabaena was found more abundant with 05 species followed by 04 species of Nostoc, 02 species of Calothrix, Gloeotrichia and Scytonaema while Aulosira, Cylindrospermum, Plectonema and Revularia were observed with single species. The abundance of Cyanobacteria in these effluents was due to favorable contents of oxidizable organic matter, rich Calcium, high Alkalinity and abundant nutrients such as nitrates, phosphate with less dissolved Oxygen. However various nondiazotrophic Cyanobacteria were also observed.


Abstract The levels of lindane, dieldrin, DDT, DDE and DDD in meat and broth from selected parts of hens cooked by simmering and pressure cooking were compared to the levels in the raw meat. Both cooking methods resulted in similar levels of pesticide reduction. By comparing total pesticide residue levels in raw and cooked tissue as well as broth, it was found that ⅖ of the lindane and approximately ¾ of the dieldrin and total DDT compounds were recovered in the cooked meat and broth. Of these levels, the broth accounted for ⅔ and ⅘ of all the pesticides recovered except for DDD where ⅗ of the converted isomer was retained in the meat. Therefore, discarding the broth and drippings after cooking pesticide contaminated hens could greatly reduce the level of pesticide consumption.


Waqf is one of the financial instruments that have an important position in Islamic civilization. Aside from being a source of funding for social, educational, and health activities, waqf can be used as alternatives for strengthening the community's economy. The potential of cash waqf in Indonesia every month is around 5.725 trillion rupiahs, assuming that all 229 million Indonesian Muslims donate 25 thousand rupiahs. To achieve optimal cash waqf management, it is necessary to have management in the cash waqf management agency so that the potential for cash waqf can be used optimally for the benefit of people. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of cash waqf management, in particular, the collection and distribution of cash waqf funds in the Assistance Unit for Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (UPP BMH) Madiun. This type of research is exploratory qualitative research. Data collection is done through observation, interviews, and study documentation. As for analysis, this study uses inductive analysis, deductive analysis, and content analysis to describe the research object. The results of the study explain that the implementation of cash waqf management in UPP BMH Madiun is managed by applying four management concepts which include Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling in collecting funds cash waqf. In the collection of waqf funds, Planning is in the form of periodic planning, namely annual, monthly, weekly, and housing and certain times. As for the aspect, it is Organizing carried out through the division of the Institution structure consisting of the chairman, HR and finance division, and fundraising. While actuating, it is carried out thoroughly in all divisions. The last aspect is Controlling which is directly under the supervision of the head of the institution assisted by the human resources and finance department. As for the distribution using the POAC method and adapted to what is needed by Madiun community, such as land acquisition, educational scholarship for a student of Tahfidz, construction of ablution places in various mosques as well as providing Al-Qur'an manuscripts.


It discloses an organic light emitting diode (OLED) formed on an opaque flexible substrate. Said opaque flexible substrate, (i) a plastic layer coated with laminated or metal layer on the metal layer, any one of, (ii) 2-layer metal layer sandwiched plastic layer, (iii) metal foil in constructed. If the OLED is formed on the metal surface of the flexible substrate, the metal surface may be coated with an insulating layer. The insulating layer, the polymer layer is formed by spin coating, or a dielectric layer. The metal of the flexible substrate serves as a barrier to minimize the transmission of oxygen and moisture to the OLED. Furthermore, OLED comprises a transparent or semi-transparent upper electrode, light is configured to be emitted through the upper electrode. .FIELD 1


This study was conducted by collecting the surface soil samples from prominent land use systems of Haryana state locating in different agro eco -systems having different soil types. Three land use systems viz; agriculture, horticulture and vegetable were selected and within agriculture land use system, the samples were collected from rice -wheat, cotton- wheat, pearl millet- wheat and sugarcane –sugarcane cropping system. In horticulture land use system, two orchards of guava and citrus from University horticulture farm were selected. In vegetable land use system the samples were collected from university research farm which were under cultivation of tomato/potato/cauliflower/brinjal from a long time. The results revealed that the organic carbon content of soil was higher under cultivated soil than uncultivated soil conditions. The organic carbon content and available P, K, S was found higher under horticulture land use system as compared to agriculture and vegetable land use system while available N and micronutrients was found higher under agriculture land use system. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphure was found higher under cultivated condition while available potassium was found higher under uncultivated conditions. Zinc, iron and copper micronutrients content was found higher under cultivated soils than uncultivated soils while Mn content was noticed higher under uncultivated soils. Available nutrient status of cultivated soils was observed higher where higher amount of fertilizers and manures are in practices and cultivation of crops increased the organic carbon content of soil and found highly correlated with the availability of nutrients in soil.


Lung cancer remains incurable; therefore, novel therapeutical approaches are of great demand. This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of cisplatin nanoparticles combined with vitamin‐D3 on urethane‐induced early lung cancer in rats and to clarify the underlying signaling mechanisms. Early lung cancer was induced in male Wistar rats by urethane. Rats were divided into six groups: I‐control, II‐cancer untreated, III‐cancer + free cisplatin, IV‐cancer + cisplatin nanoparticles, V‐cancer + free cisplatin + vitamin‐D3, VI‐cancer + cisplatin nanoparticles + vitamin‐D3. Inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis were evaluated together with the levels of tumor marker CK‐19 along with histological assessment. Treatment of lung cancer with either free or nanoparticles of cisplatin alone demonstrated significant suppression in the expression of inflammatory, anti‐apoptotic and tumor markers compared to rats with lung cancer. Moreover, vitamin‐D3 supplementation with either cisplatin forms lead to a further decrease of all markers, markedly with cisplatin nanoparticles. The present study shows the synergistic effect of cisplatin‐nanoparticles combined with vitamin‐D3 as a new therapy regimen against lung cancer. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer duration are needed to confirm these results.