Much research has been carried out to manage structured documents such as SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) or XML (eXtensible Markup Language) documents and to provide powerful query facilities exploiting document content, structure, and attributes. In order to perform structure queries efficiently on structured documents, a good indexing method for structured documents is important and necessary. In this paper, we present an indexing method which is utilized for supporting efficient query on content, structure and attributes on XML documents. Furthermore, we propose some strategies of update method to maintain the integration of changed index information and original XML documents.


The article deals with problems of literary translation on the lexical level. Translation strategies and techniques used to reproduce stylistically marked words and expressions of Thomas Brussig's novel "Am kürzeren Ende der Sonnenallee" and the equivalency of their functions in the Ukrainian translation are explored. The word choice of the well known German author targeted at creating humorous or satirical tone in his novels constitutes his own individual style which is diffi cult to reproduce in other languages. That is why each new translation of his novel arouses a great interest of linguists and translatologists. The purpose of this article, therefore, was to classify the stylistically coloured vocabulary of the novel and to examine the lexical and stylistical choices of the translator S. Onufriv, especially the means chosen to render dialectisms, slang and jargon expressions, historical words from the GDR time, expressive personal nicknames, and denominations into Ukrainian. The main terms used in this article to describe the relation between the original text and its translation are "stylistic equivalency" and "stylistic density", their application being explained based on the linguistic theories of translation (Fedorov, Retsker, Koller, Reiß). In the article, the comparative and descriptive methods as well as the quantitative estimations were used. Seven text fragments with 123 stylistically coloured expressions of lower register were chosen for our analysis. It revealed a higher stylistic density of the Ukrainian translation compared to the German text due to the use of stylistically lower vocabulary and Ukrainian dialect words used to substitute stylistically neutral words of the German author: 181 coloured words and expressions were found. The most important translation issues regarding the reproduction of dialect, slang words and of expressive names were defi ned. It was discovered that the eff ect caused by combining words of diff erent registers (formal and casual) had been lost in translation. Full stylistic equivalency of the youth slang translation as well as features of individual translator's style were revealed. Several suggestions were made on how to avoid word-to-word translation in some places of the analyzed text fragments. To obtain the whole picture of formal translation equivalency, the tasks for further equivalency studies on other text levels were formulated. Key words: stylistically marked words and expressions, dialectisms, slang expressions, expressive personal nicknames and denominations, translation, stylistic equivalency, stylistic density


The intermediate/low and high temperature oxidation of n-pentane from atmospheric pressure to supercritical pressures (1-100 atm) was studied by using Chemkin, a commercial software. A recently developed n-pentane model was used to predict the temperature evolutions of major and intermediate species, like n-pentane, O2, CO, CO2, CH2O, C2H4, CH3CHO at varied pressure and temperature conditions. It is found that as the environmental pressure increases, the difference between high temperature oxidation and low temperature oxidation becomes less obvious because the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) is decreasing (at 10 atm and 100 atm, high temperature oxidation occurs right after low temperature oxidation). At supercritical pressures, the high temperature oxidation is governed by the branching reactions of RO2, and the addition reaction of QOOH with oxygen dominates the reaction paths at both low and high temperature oxidations because the addition reaction between QOOH and oxygen is still more important than the decomposition reaction of QOOH at high temperature and 100 atm. According to the pathway analysis and sensitivity analysis, the branching reactions of RO2 are dominating at both low and intermediate to high temperatures.


BACKGROUND
Integrin alphaVbeta3 plays a critical role in tumour angiogenesis and metastasis formation, and is recognized as a key therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer.

AIM
To investigate whether antisense alphaV and beta3 gene therapy has utility in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas.

METHODS
Antisense expression plasmids targeting integrin alphaV or beta3 were constructed, and examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses for their ability to inhibit alphaV and beta3 expression. The antisense alphaV and beta3 expression vectors, either alone or in combination, were injected into HepG2 hepatomas established subcutaneously in nude mice and tumour growth, angiogenesis and apoptosis were monitored.

RESULTS
Antisense alphaV and beta3 downregulated the alphaV and beta3 subunits expressed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and the alphaV subunit expressed by HepG2 cells. Gene transfer of antisense alphaV and beta3 expression vectors downregulated alphaV and beta3 in HepG2 tumours established in nude mice, inhibited tumour vascularization and growth, and enhanced tumour cell apoptosis. Antisense alphaV suppressed tumour growth more strongly than antisense beta3; however antisense therapy that simultaneously targeted both integrin subunits was more effective than the respective monotherapies. Antisense alphaV and beta3 inhibited tumour angiogenesis to similar extents, by a process that is independent of vascular endothelial growth factor.

CONCLUSIONS
Antisense gene therapy targeting alphaV integrins warrants consideration as an approach to treat hepatocellular carcinomas.


We define a product for harmonic spinors on reductive homo- geneous spaces. We give also some examples where harmonic spinors with coecients in a module are expressed as a linear combination of products of harmonic spinors with coecients in two other modules. One such example involves discrete series representations.


We present broadband (3-500 keV) INTEGRAL X-ray spectra and X-ray/optical light curves of the luminous black hole X-ray transient and relativistic jet source GRO J1655-40. Our analysis covers four Target of Opportunity observations of the outburst that started in 2005 February. We find that the high-energy emission of GRO J1655-40 can be modeled well with an unbroken power law (with photon indices Γ of 1.72 ± 0.03 and 2.21 ± 0.04 for the first and second observations). These correspond to hard and thermal-dominant states, respectively. In contrast to many other black hole spectra, high-energy complexity in the form of a break or cutoff is not required for the hard state, contrary to previous expectations. We show for the first time that Comptonization by nonthermal electrons is the dominant process behind the high-energy emission in the hard state. We discuss our results in terms of models for broadband emission and accretion flows in stellar-mass black holes.


We studied the far field radiation properties of a new resonator antenna composed of split ring resonators (SRRs) and a monopole. It is shown that the antenna size at the operation frequency (3.52 GHz) is approximately one tenth of the free space wavelength (λ /10). Moreover, increasing the number of SRRs yields steerability properties. These achievements provide a way to create rather small steerable resonant antennas. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Digital transformation is a global driving force for the development of modern society, including the education sector. Responding to the social needs of the state and society, modern universities are becoming actors in the digital transformation of education. At the same time, the success of digital transformation management at the university level is determined not only by the development of digital infrastructure and the teachers mastery of digital technologies. Our research has shown that the digital transformation of education is associated with the creation and dissemination of educational content, namely developing educational texts (printed and digital), which is difficult to implement without a good knowledge of the theory and practice of constructing educational texts, choosing educational texts by a teacher, managing educational activities with their help and building an individual educational experience of students. In this regard, the textual competence of future and current teachers is highly significant. The aim is to identify the management factors of the digital transformation of universities, in particular, the role of educational texts and textual competence for creating content that allows students to organize self–management of educational activities. Research methods: study and analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the problem of research and analysis of the practice of content design. Expert evaluation of various types of educational texts in terms of their ability to self-organize educational activities.The article shows the influence of educational texts on the methodology of professional activity of a teacher, his professional values. It was revealed that different educational texts create different ways of managing educational activities, working with these texts affects the educational experience of students. Recommendations for pedagogical universities are formulated.


Objective People with type 2 diabetes often report pressure to abstain from many of life's pleasures. We tried to reconstruct these patients' sense of pressure to better understand how people with diabetes make sense of, and integrate, these feelings into their life. Design, setting and participants A secondary analysis of narrative interviews with 14 patients with type 2 diabetes who are part of a website project. Main outcome measures Grounded theory-based analysis of narrative interviews, consisting of open, axial and selective coding. Results People with type 2 diabetes felt obliged to give up many pleasures and live a life of abstinence. They perceived a pressure to display a modest culinary lifestyle via improved laboratory test results and weight. Their verbal efforts to reassure and distance themselves from excessiveness indicate a high moral pressure. With regard to the question of how to abstain, food and behaviour were classified into healthy and unhealthy. Personal rules sometimes led to surprising experiences of freedom. Conclusions People with diabetes have internalised that their behaviour is a barrier to successful treatment. They experience an intensive pressure to show abstinence and feel misjudged when their efforts have no visible effect. Taking into account this moral pressure, and listening to patients' personal efforts and strategies to establish healthy behaviours, might help to build a trusting relationship with healthcare providers.


Hydroformylation of 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene was studied using a water-soluble Rh complex catalyst prepared in situ from [Rh(COD)Cl]2 complex and trisodium salt of tri-(m-sulfophenyl)phosphine (TPPTS) in a biphasic system. The sequence of addition of catalyst precursor, ligand, and reactant/solvent showed a significant effect on leaching of Rh from aqueous to organic phase, and hence, the procedure was optimized to develop a nonleaching and stable biphasic catalyst system. The only hydroformylation product (1,4-diacetoxy-2-formyl butane, DAFB) formed was found to deacetoxylate completely to 2-formyl-4-acetoxybutene (FAB), thus allowing a one-pot synthesis of FAB, an important intermediate for Vitamin A. Experimental data on the concentration−time and CO/H2 consumption−time profiles were obtained, and the effects of DAB concentration, CO partial pressure, H2 partial pressure, and catalyst concentration were studied in a stirred batch reactor over a temperature range of 338−358 K. The effect of aqueous phase ...


A new approach for studying and modeling complex reaction kinetics with a batch reactor test has been developed. A kinetic model is proposed to represent the hydroconversion of Vacuum Gas Oil (VGO) with a bifunctional catalyst, taking into account the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE). A batch reactor apparatus was therefore developed [1]. Liquid samples were analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC-2D). The vapor-liquid equilibrium model have been determined and compared with experimental data. The kinetic model has been validated with several catalysts containing different ratios of metal-zeolite.


At the present time, the number of types of applicator cone in use for X-ray therapy is very large, and many of them are not entirely satisfactory. From time to time suggestions have been made that such cones should be standardised so as to allow for easier comparison of treatment methods and results in different centres. Before such standardisation is carried out it would seem desirable to attempt to eliminate some of the more obvious faults of existing applicators. A common form of applicator cone consists essentially of a stout wooden box lined with lead. This is attached to the X-ray tube head via a lead plate with a central hole acting as a diaphragm. In most cases the X-ray beam is defined by the lead lining, the diaphragm being somewhat larger than is necessary for the particular area. The end of the applicator may be left open, but more often it is closed with wood, so that compression may be applied to the patient. The most frequent criticisms of this form of applicator may be stated as follows:—...


The article examines the peculiarities of the training of future military intelligence officers, taking into account the specifics of their future professional activity, educational and normative documents, the organization of the educational process, and the conceptual principles of their training at higher military educational institutions. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the structure and components of the formation of future military intelligence officers' professional competence at a higher military educational institution, which affect the quality of their professional training. In accordance with the tasks and verification of the initial assumptions, the following research methods that complemented each other were used: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification, systematization of data), empirical (observation, conversation, oral and written survey, questionnaire, interviewing, testing, expert evaluation). The results. It was found out that the professional training of future military intelligence specialists at a higher military educational institution should be considered as a specialized education aimed at: acquiring professional competences in the field of professional military activity, introducing principles and standards for acquiring new and improving previously acquired professional competences, increasing the level of practical training and readiness for professional activity based on the updated training methodology, implementing the organization of the educational process using new and modern models of weapons and military equipment, achieving a targeted and special pedagogical influence on the formation of the personality of the future military specialist by providing a wide range of professional knowledge and development creative thinking throughout the entire military career. Conclusions. Thus, taking into account the theoretical foundations of the professional training of future military intelligence officers in a higher military educational institution, the structure of military education and the structure of training future specialists, we believe that the following interrelated and interdependent components will be of significant importance: motivational-volitional, cognitive-resultative, personal-acmeological, operational-activity.


Famous works of classical sculpture are scattered here and there in modern museums. It is true that all the works of art belonging to a creative style revive for themselves more or less their own world, even if they are preserved only in fragments. But there exist works which were originally so united and interrelated with each other that they need a methodical approach in order to reconstruct the ensemble as, for example, apostle figures from Gothic facade decorations. Topographical research, stylistic considerations, interpretation of literary sources and religious conceptions are the methodical means of such an approach. This is the case for some of the most familiar works of Greek art.


The present invention measures the concentration of H The methods and diagnostic kits of the present invention, Agrobacterium tumefaciens H Expression levels of the reporter gene, ROS in cells, particularly associated with concentrations of H Cells, it is extracellular Within cells, when exposed to the test compound, the ROS-induced expression levels of the reporter is reduced meaning that the test compound is a scavenger of ROS. The method of the present invention, by selecting the cells due to ROS inducible promoter to express a library of test scavenger inside the cells expressing the reporter, reduce the ROS-induced expression levels of the reporter, new or may be used to select an improved ROS scavenger. Cells expressing the reporter due to ROS-induced promoters, they may have an adjusted genetic background to reduce the ROS scavenging ability to naturally occurring.


We use multiscale-multispace correlations and Fourier transform techniques, to study some intermittent random field properties, which escape analysis by structure function scaling. These properties are parametrized in terms of a set of scale ratios, giving the typical interaction distances in space and scale of the random field fluctuations, and the characteristic lengths over which these fluctuations act coherently to generate intermittency. The relevance of these techniques in turbulence theory is discussed.


The effect of ethanolic extract of Smilax krausiana (Smilaceae) leaf was investigated for its analgesic and anti- inflammatory activities in mice. The extract significantly (p<0.01-0.001) inhibited in a dose - dependent fashion algesia (nociception) induced by acetic acid, formalin and hot plate. It also reduced in dose-related manner inflammation induced by fresh egg albumin, carrageenin and capsaicin. These inhibitions were statistically significant (p<0.01 - 0.001). Though the mechanism of action of the extract is not fully elucidated, it may in part involve suppression of capillary permeability through neurogenic and non-neurogenic pathways as well as its narcotic potential. The extract's inhibition of all the models investigated in a non-specific manner supports the folkloric use of the plant. Key Word: Smilax krausiana, ethanol, leaf, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, mice.


Animal grazing is considered an important economic practice in the developing countries, which goes hand-in-hand with agriculture. Both activities are largely dependent on climatic conditions. Under severe drought conditions, water required for maintaining agriculture and pasture lands becomes too scarce and hence constitutes the most limiting factor which directly affects the productivity for both agriculture and grazing lands. Under normal conditions, animal grazers utilize grass lands and pastures to avail fodder for their animals. However, due to the increasing number of grazing animals coupled with the deteriorating grazing capacity of the range lands, forest trees are often viewed as a good alternative for providing fodder to sustain livestock production. In the present study, the nutritional value for fruits of Prosopis chilensis (seeds and pods) at the lower Atbara river basin in north-eastern Sudan was investigated. The purpose of this study is to assess the nutritional features and potential of Prosopis chilensis fruits as an alternative fodder for livestock in the area. Field samples of fruits were collected each sample was kept separately in a small cloth kit. Chemical analysis of fruit samples was conducted to quantify the content of various nutritional attributes including: the crude protein, crude fibers, fats, starch, ash, and moisture content in addition to some minerals namely; P, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu and Fe. Chemical analysis revealed that CP was 18.61%, CF reached 13.40%, the starch content 15.14%, fat 2.06%, and ash content 7.50% .These values obviously point to the high nutritional values of Prosopis chilensis fruits. Mineral contents analysis also exhibited good amounts of Na and Ca required by livestock for adequate growth. Based on the present findings, it might be possible to assign Prosopis chilensis as a good alternative for provision of animal fodder to livestock, particularly when grazing conditions are far below the optimum. Further detailed studies on the capacity of Prosopis chilensis to provide animal fodder are needed.


Through establishing the non finantial evaluation system,which includes the rate of market share,the quality of products,the initiative and innovation of the staff,the paper put forward that the present evaluation of achievements of enterprises should properly combine the finantial evaluation system with non financial system.


In this paper, the abecedarian conception of establishing railway transportation income liquidation system is propounded, based on current mode of railway passenger transportation liquidation and led by market demand and reformation direction of railway transportation administration system. Experiences will be drawn from the establishment and operation of air transportation liquidation system.


This study is aimed to develop a remote control robot-ship system using wireless communication and DGPS, which it is an automatic system for measuring exact depth and bed topography of reservoir or dam. Robot-ship is equipped with GPS and echosounder, and it is controled remotely using wireless internet. Robot-ship is consist of frame, each module and control board. Control segment is consisted of a processing system for positioning data and remote control system. A wireless communication system is developed which can communicate interactively between robot-ship and control segment, and it is developed in two channel system of RF modem and wireless internet. The robot-ship could be used acquire economically and exactly the water depth and bed topography of reservoirs, dams, rivers and so on.


Programming electromagnetic spectra have become key technology affecting the development of the information industry, arousing widespread interest of researchers. Here, we propose a route to realize a programmable spectrum based on time-coding spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) to implement the customized harmonic generations and amplitude manipulations. The proposed time-coding SSPPs are experimentally demonstrated to flexibly control both frequencies and amplitudes of the harmonics, providing the possibility of reprogrammable outputs of different spectra. In addition, two kinds of improved time-coding SSPP structures are presented, which can be applied to realize reprogrammable spectra without the fundamental component and with customized asymmetric spectra.


Abstract The title compound is used in the oxidation of several thiols to produce their corresponding disulfides in excellent yields in methylene chloride at room temperature.


The recombinant antibodies RB174, RB175, RB176, RB177 and RB178 detect by ELISA a fragment of the Dictyostelium discoideum Conditioned Medium Factor (CMF) fused to a GST protein.


The major driving force of protein folding depends on their inter-residue interactions, especially for sidechain-sidechain interactions. The Trp-cage is a fast-folding mini-protein, which has already been acknowledged as an ideal model for tackling complicated folding-related problems of proteins. Although this protein model is merely composed of 20 amino acid residues, it exhibits an extremely complex interaction network between residues with different types of sidechain orientation. Because current force fields exhibit different degrees of accuracy inadequacies in the descriptions of atomic interactions, it remains a matter of debate at what stage of folding the helix, hydrophobic cluster and salt-bridge is being conclusively formed in its possible folding mechanisms. The structures and mutations of all the Trp-cage system reported since 2002 are summarized in this paper, and its two typical structures (TC5b and TC10b) are taken as examples to summarize the composition and types of their inter-residue interactions as well as the sidechain features and orientations. Meanwhile, the recent computational and experimental studies of several possible folding mechanisms are also generalized and discussed, and their relationships with simulation temperature and force field as well as the switching from one folding pathway to the other are also discussed in detail. Finally, the effects of numerous factors on structural stability and folding dynamics have been elaborately discussed, including different types of inter-residue interactions (such as salt-bridge, hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions) and environmental factors (such as temperature, pressure, pH and other potential factors). We also propose that the clarification of the above factors and their synergistic effects are beneficial not only to reveal the driving force of protein stabilization and rapid formation, but also to provide theoretical guidance for further structural regulation and optimal design.


The present invention provides a method comprising an amount of 1000 parts by weight of water content of between 500 to 1500 parts by weight of starch material content of between 10 to 35 parts by weight of coconut water in an amount of 2 parts by weight of peptone, content of between 10 to 30 parts by weight of bone soup, and media content of between 10 to 30 parts by weight of sucrose for culturing the Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps sinensis embodiment for providing Cordyceps cultivation methods and products.


Abstract Magicians and men considered to be superior in wisdom have operated in many cultures for centuries. The service they provided for their community varied in the degree of importance attached to it, and also in the nature of the tasks. Early references to such people, for example Biblical priests and prophets, Zoroastrian magi, etc., treat of them as learned and scholarly men who held the accumulated wisdom of their society within their grasp.


Citation: Rosenfeld L, Cerretani C, Leiske DL, Toney MF, Radke CJ, Fuller GG. Structural and rheological properties of meibomian lipid. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:2720– 2732. DOI:10.1167/iovs.12–10987 PURPOSE. We explore the unique rheological and structural properties of human and bovine meibomian lipids to provide insight into the physical behavior of the human tear-film lipid layer (TFLL).


Collection contains correspondence (some tipped into poetry volumes) to American literary figures in late nineteenth to early twentieth century and one typed manuscript. Preferred Citation Collection of Robert Underwood Johnson Materials, Colby College Special Collections, Waterville, Maine. ^ Return to Table of


The real challenge for managers has been satisfying the following dilemma: provide health care with a quality minimally satisfactory, provide access to this system with the least possible restriction and with an affordable cost. In this context, the aim of this paper is to propose a discrete event simulation model that represents a subsystem of a hospital and demonstrate how it can be used to reconfigure the portfolio of services offered by the Medical Unit. Aiming thereby facilitate user access, organize flows and improve quality which translates into a reduction in the size of the queues and decrease the waiting time for care.


A series of experiments was done to directly determine the effect of soaking in oil and subsequent solvent extraction on the reflectance of low rank coals. Topics considered in this paper include coal slurries, fuel oils, fuel slurries, solvent extraction, reflectivity, research programs, coal rank, and mixtures.


Acid properties of H-ZSM-11 zeolite were characterized by quasi-equilibrium thermogravimetry (QETG) and IR spectroscopy. The study indicates appearance of high-, middle-, and low-temperature acid sites on zeolite surface. We have studied genesis of the acid sites under subsequent treatment by hydrogen and water vapour. The total concentration of acid sites is constant for all solids under the treatment, whereas concentrations of middle-, and low-temperature acid sites change. The IR spectra indicates appearance of new type of acid sites which observe for the hydrogen treated zeolite.


The shortage of the capability of independent innovation has a heavy effect on sports industry's developing sustainedly,rapidly and soundly.The independent innovational ability on sporting product industry was researched in this thesis,and the obstructive factors were analyzed systematically.So we can propose the countermeasures on the independent innovational ability,so that it can provide reference for Chinese sporting goods industry.And it can promote Chinese sporting product to develop fast.


The implementation of chemical syntheses in a batch or semi-batch reactor is generally limited by the removal or the supply of heat. A way to enhance thermal performances is to develop multifunctional devices like heat exchanger/reactors. In this work, a novel heat exchanger/reactor is characterized in terms of residence time, pressure drops, and thermal behavior in order to estimate its capacities to perform an exothermic reaction: the oxidation of sodium thiosulfate by hydrogen peroxide. Experimental results highlight the performances of the heat exchanger/reactor in terms of intensification, which allows the implementation of the oxidation reaction at extreme operating conditions. These conditions are finally compared to the ones of a classical batch reactor.


A simple method to design a wideband directive antenna using a folded semicircular dipole (FSCD) antenna is presented. A planar semicircular dipole (SCD) antenna consists of two semicircular‐shaped arms with a small gap in between. In the proposed antenna, the two semicircular‐shaped arms are folded along the arm axis. The effects of varying the folding angle on the input reflection coefficient and the broadside gain of the FSCD antenna are investigated. A prototype of the proposed FSCD antenna with a folding angle of 60° is fabricated on an FR4 substrate, and its performance is compared with that of the planar SCD antenna. The measured frequency band of the planar SCD antenna for a voltage standing wave (VSWR) <2 is 0.91–20.0 GHz (182.6%) whereas that of the proposed FSCD antenna for a VSWR <2.3 is 0.99–18.79 GHz (180.0%). Broadside gain of the proposed antenna is above 1.5 dBi with maximum value of 8.1 dBi in the frequency range of 1–12 GHz, whereas broadside gain of the SCD antenna is above 1.5 dBi with maximum value of 3.2 dBi in the frequency range of 1–3.5 GHz. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2513–2516, 2014


The administration of criminal justice has had many and fundamental changes in its evolution, both from the substantive and adjective point of view. With different nuances, highlights currently a virtual consensus on the application of the criminal law of the act, and the key notion of exceptional deprivation of liberty in the process. The right to defense, with its various elements, is the cornerstone of the criminal process, is one of the most decisive victories of the legal world, is an absolute necessity in the complex specialties of criminal justice administration.


Taking the construction of top beam's flying falsework as example in the approach bridge of Zhongxian bank of Yangtze river Bridge in Zhongxian,elaborated that uses standing-by structure with Behre beam and universal members as flying falsework to construct the top beam,and enumerates the more exhaustive support design calculation example and the construction main point.The method has succinct structure,clearly stress and safe reliable,and good economy capability.


Based on the author's Ph.D. thesis, the book introduces an original Global Indexing Grid and its application to modelling of the topographic surface. GIG systematically subdivides the three-dimensional space into sectors or cells that are distributed radially in all directions around the given origin. The resulting scheme belongs to the field of discrete global grids that is dealing with tessellation of the surface of the sphere. GIG subdivides the sphere without use of any intermediate projection into planar coordinates and allows for systematic subdivision at arbitrary level of resolution. The motivation for GIG was to find a flexible data representation for the entire planet's topographic surface that is suitable for geo-spatial services on computer networks. Starting from this standpoint the work elaborates a study connecting a range of disciplines: spatial databases, computer system development and visualization on one end of the range, and determination of the figure of the Earth and mapping of the topographic surface on the other. This book is for researchers dealing with design of visual spatial information services coupled to representation of geographic features.


The most common cause of sciatica is herniated vertebral discs, it is one of the common problems in age group of 45-64, and sciatica is account for 5-10% of patients suffering from low back pain. The risk factors are age, height, body weight, stress, smoking, and overwork, especially when lifting heavy object in the position of bending forward and twisting of the trunk. The result of treatment in acute sciatica is favorable, at present there are many reports of using Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis and acupuncture treatment for sciatica with satisfactory results. This article has reviewed the diagnostic and common treatment methods of sciatica in modern medicine and Traditional Chenese Medicine.


Mixed convection flow in a tubular enclosure filled with nanofluid in the presence of a magnetic field is numerically investigated in the present study. The bottom and top curved wall of the enclosure are respectively kept isothermally hot and cool while the remaining walls are insulated. The governing equations are formulated based on Boussinesq assumptions and solved with finite element method. The computation is carried out for mixed convection regime (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10) and also natural convection regime (10 < Ri ≤ 100) with fixed values of remaining parameters. A detailed parametric discussion is presented for the physical properties of flow and temperature distributions in terms of streamlines, isotherms, average heat transfer rate within the flow domain. The results show that the flow and temperature fields affected by varying of pertinent parameters. Moreover, heat transfer rate is increased by 139.50% with the increase in Richardson number from 0.1 to 100. The increasing rate of heat transfer due to Ri is respectively decreased by 58.11% with varying of Ha from 0 to 60 and increased by 23.97% with the addition of nanoparticles up to 3%. Comparison is performed against the previously published results on the basis of special cases and found to be in excellent agreement.


Consistent regimented instruction is essential in training new Automated Test Equipment (ATE) operators. This paper focuses on problems faced in training new United States Marine Corps (USMC) military and civilian users to run the Third Echelon Test System (TETS) Application Program Sets (APSs). It introduces and describes a system currently being developed by the Automated Test Equipment Program (ATEP) in Albany, Georgia. The system is known as the TETS APS Training System (TATS). This paper describes how the TATS addresses current deficiencies with TETS APS training, and outlines how the TATS will play a key role in future TETS APS training


In scientific writing, the writer gives a summary of the story of Chibi Maruko Chan cartoon film for children of primary school age that consists of three main parts: the author, the introduction of the characters, and the summary of the story. And discuss steps the process of making these applications using Macromedia Flash MX. By adding effects such as images and multimedia elements in Flash MX as an action script, animation and graphical display of good use, an interactive movie is expected to let users more interested and not bored.


In the next few years, there will be a substantial increase in the number of commercial space-based and airborne SAR systems and 3D SAR systems. This will result in affordable, new types of data that can be used to complement other sensor systems, e.g. LandSat, SPOT, and in some cases, solve serious data collection deficiencies. This is of particular importance to a number of agricultural applications. The promise of low cost, high resolution radar data available at a high revisit rate over the earth will lead to many new uses for the data. These include government inventory and monitoring programs and commercial precision farming programs. The availability of this data has resulted in high interest in products derived from this data. This paper describes a methodology for developing such products and present result from applying the methodology to a potential agriculture application.


thousand patients. However, from a series approximately twice as great as that of Volini, Hughes and Peffer, Dowling was unable to find any appreciable difference between the efficacy of penicillin and that of the penictlnnsulphadiazine combination. He questioned the validity of relying on the small series and urged Volini to continue his investigations so that the position might be clarified. This would seem desirable, for the doubt raised is too iniportant to be ignored, and there are other grounds for supporting Volini's contention that the indications for sulphonamide medication can today be reduced to very few. The simplicity of administration of these drugs has sustained their popularity, but their indiscriminate prescription means that their real disadvantages are ignored and the risk is run that sensitization may prevent their use in the few instances in which they are specifically indicated. Their value should be clearly defined.


Flood frequency analyses are often based on continuous series at gauging station. However, the length of the available data sets is usually too short to provide reliable estimates of extreme design floods. Hence, hydrologists have tried to make use of alternative sources of information to enrich the datasets used for their statistical inferences. Three main approaches were therefore proposed. The first one consists of a 'temporal extension' of information based on the valuation of historical and paleoflood data. The second, 'spatial extension', consists inmerging statistically homogeneous data to build a large regional data samples. Recently, a combination of the two techniques aiming at including regional estimated extreme discharge values at ungauged sites in regional flood frequency analyses has been proposed (Gaume et al., 2010). This new approach necessitates the calibration of a function relating the characteristics of the watersheds and an index flood value. Each available discharge has to be divided by its corresponding index flood to obtain values of the same magnitudes that can be merged into a regional sample. The index flood relation of the form=S^ appeared satisfactory ( being the index flood value, S the area of the watershed and the parameter to be calibrated). A Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) framework is then used to adjust the regional growth curve with its uncertainties. The application of the approach to some case studies illustrated the possible important added value of ungauged extremes in flood frequency analyses. In the initially proposed approach (Gaume et al., 2010), the index flood relation was adjusted a priori and the uncertainties associated with this calibrated relation were not considered. An improvement of this method will be presented where both (i) the index flood relation and (ii) the regional growth curve are calibrated in the same time using a Bayesian MCMC framework and enabling an accurate estimation of the uncertainties associated to the estimated peak discharge distributions. Two regional samples from France (167 records at 5 gauges and 35 ungauged extremes) and central Vietnam (210 records at 7 gauges and 3 ungauged extremes) are used to test and validate the method. Three types of results will be presented. The proposed method is first applied to regional samples of gauged discharges and compared to a standard regional flood frequency analysis method consisting in taking the average value of each sample as the index flood value. This first comparison delivers very satisfactory results. Despite the additional parameter , the estimated credibility intervals computed for the various flood quantiles are very similar with the two methods. The added parameter does not increase the uncertainty of the estimated flood quantiles. In a second step, ungauged extremes are taken into account in the statistical inference which is only possible with the proposed approach. This illustrates their possible usefulness: the 90% credibility ranges for the Ardeche case study for the 100-year and 1000-year quantiles are divided by a factor of two. Finally, the standard and proposed regional flood frequency analysis methods are applied to evaluate 100-year flood quantiles of a large number of synthetic series generated through a Monte Carlo run. The conducted accuracy tests revealed that the proposed method provides unbiased estimates of flood quantiles and of their credibility bounds when applied to regional gauged series including or not including ungauged extremes. A little bias appears when the considered watershed area for the adjusted regional growth curve is significantly larger or smaller than the largest or smallest areas of the gauged watersheds in the region.


Debt reduction in business is recognised for the economic relief afforded to the debtor involved. The new debt reduction regime was introduced in the Income Tax Act (section 19 and paragraph 12A of the Eighth Schedule) with the aim of minimising the tax impact so as not to negate the economic benefit. The new regime introduced an exclusion for debt reduced by way of a donation and uncertainty exists on instances where this exclusion would apply. This article considered four broad categories of factors indicative in the classification of a debt reduction as a donation (inadequate consideration; gratuitous waiver; intent and motive; classification as connected persons) and concluded with the formulation of such factors. The classification as connected persons is regarded as the most indicative of a debt reduction being classified as a donation, which could result in tax arbitrage if the creditor and debtor are taxed at different rates on the taxable income result of the debt reduction.


Abstract The step motor is a kind of electric actuator that transfers electrical pulses to angular displacement. How to fulfill the control task of step motor by embedded control system is a practical problem since the common computer control system has a higher cost and more redundant than the customized embedded control system. A dual-ARM7 microcontroller embedded structure is developed in this paper to keep the real-time performance, reliability and low cost. One of the ARM controllers is responsible for human-computer interaction, and the other one is dedicated to motion control. Based on this low cost platform an industrial stationary length controller is developed. The two kinds of new velocity profiles are designed and implemented. The application result shows that the embedded control system developed in this paper improves the step motor system performance and achieves low cost purpose.


This research note proposes a model in which an "equilibrium" share of the vote figures as a measurable quantity. Variants of the model are fitted to election data for the U. S. House of Representatives.


What is the central question of this study? What is the effect of 4 weeks of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) and 2 weeks of detraining on vascular function and traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in male adolescents? What is the main finding and its importance? Four weeks of HIIT improved macrovascular function in adolescents. However, this training period did not measurably change microvascular function, body composition or blood biomarkers. Following 2 weeks of detraining, the improvement in flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) was lost. This highlights the importance of the continuation of regular exercise for the primary prevention of CVD.


ILT2 and ILT4, key myeloid and lymphoid checkpoints, may restrict anti-tumor immunity, enable tumors to evade immune detection and contribute to T cell checkpoint resistance Company plans to initiate first-in-human testing of NGM707 in mid-2021 With NGM707, NGM expands its diverse pipeline addressing liver and metabolic diseases, retinal and inflammatory diseases and cancer R&D Day planned for December 9, 2020 to showcase NGM's portfolio


This paper presents a logic appropriate for mass terms, that is, a logic that does not presuppose interpretation in discrete models. Models may range from atomistic to atomless. This logic is a generalization of the author's work on natural language reasoning. The following claims are made for this logic. First, absence of variables makes it simpler than more conventional formalizations based on predicate logic. Second, capability to deal effectively with discrete terms, and in particular with singular terms, can be added to the logic, making it possible to reason about discrete entities and mass entities in a uniform manner. Third, this logic is similar to surface English, in that the formal language and English are "well-translatable," making it particularly suitable for natural language applications. Fourth, deduction performed in this logic is similar to syllogistic, and therefore captures an essential characteristic of human reasoning.


on the "under-performance" and "devaluation" problems. Under-performance refers to the tendency for local athletes to under-achieve in international competitive events (even in comparison to other microstates), and devaluation refers to the claim that a fundamental and deep-seated rejection or lack of appreciation for sport and PA persists in the local collective psyche. Devaluation simultaneously accentuates one of the key problems that appears to stifle continuing progress, that of conceptualising via distinctive administrative and funding policies, competitive sport on the one hand and recreational/health-related PA on the other. Various local researchers have argued in favour of a more unified approach to sport and PA, and a far broader regulatory framework with adequate support and an ultimately effective capacity for safeguarding standards across the board.


The electromagnetic decay Σ0(1385)→Λγ was studied using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. A real photon beam with a maximum energy of 3.8 GeV was incident on a proton target, producing an exclusive final state of K+Σ*0. We report the decay widths ratio Σ0(1385)→Λγ/Σ0(1385)→Λπ0=1.42±0.12(stat)+0.11−0.07(sys)%. This ratio is larger than most theoretical predictions by factors ranging from 1.5–3, but is consistent with the only other experimental measurement. From the reported ratio we calculate the partial width and electromagnetic transition magnetic moment for Σ0(1385)→Λγ.


Listening to music whilst driving is a common activity, with a number of potentially positive and negative influences on driving performance and safety: previous research suggests that music is a source of distraction and can influence driver mood, with subsequent effects on driving behaviour. However, little systematic evidence exists about the extent or type of in-vehicle listening practices in real-world contexts, and their effect on driving performance. A survey was carried out to discover the extent to which people listen to music while driving, what they are listening to and why, and whether there is any association with driving safety, measured by possession of four or more years' no-claims on motor insurance. The survey of 1780 British drivers reveals that approximately two-thirds listen to recorded music and music radio while driving, with music reported to be less distracting than conversation. The most commonly cited reasons for listening to music while driving were its benefits for relaxation and concentration. The survey indicates associations between possession of `no claims' on motor insurance and a preference for silence. However, the genre of music playing also appears to influence driving performance: there is an association between possession of no-claims, genre of music, and a difference in the frequency with which certain genres were playing at the time of the last accident, relative to the expected norm for that genre. These findings support evidence for music as a source of in-vehicle distraction, which can have both positive and negative effects on driving performance.


The induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) using combined proinflammatory agents was studied in relation to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transcriptional factor in primary neonatal cardiomyocytes. When added to cultures of cardiomyocytes, the combined agents had stimulatory effect on the production of IL-6 and the elevation was significantly reduced by SB203580, a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor. SB203580 inhibited protein production and gene expression of IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study, enhancement of binding affinity as well as p38 MAP kinase activation was observed. However, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, SB203580, had no effect on activation. This study strongly suggests that these pathways about or IL-6 release can be primarily dissociated in primary neonatal cardiomyocytes.


Abstract We report the physical properties of a novel room-temperature AFLC mixture composed of chiral and racemic components. The electrooptic properties and ionic contamination of the mixture, in test cells prepared with different alignment layers, are also investigated. The implications of the results on the origins of ionic contamination in the mixture itself is discussed.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of zeolite synthesis. A novel family of crystalline alumosilicate zeolites, designated as UZM-7 has been synthesised. The said zeolites are represented by an empirical formula M m n + R r p + A l 1 − x E x S i y O z , where M represents an alkali, earth alkali or rare-earth metal, R represents an organic ammonium cation, for instance, choline or diethyldimethylammonium cation, and E represents an element of a frame, selected from gallium, iron, and boron. The synthesysed zeolites are characterised by a unique pattern of diffraction of X-ray beams and a composition. EFFECT: obtained zeolites possess the catalytic properties and are used for processes of hydrocarbon conversion. 10 cl, 6 tbl, 12 ex


The monograph is devoted to modeling the ecosystem of the company. The influence of social networks on the development of business processes is shown, the principles of the use of new digital communication technologies are given and the drivers of the economy in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic are substantiated. The structure of industrial ecosystems in the digital economy is given, the economic effects of digitalization of inter-firm interactions are discussed, the idea of the network potential of a firm in the conditions of digitalization of economic activity is substantiated. The application of digital platforms as the basis for the functioning of economic ecosystems is considered. The possibilities of assessing the development of innovative ecosystems and the typology of their models are given. The factor model of the economic ecosystem is considered. The stakeholder model of the ecosystem and its analytical model are described. The differentiation of stakeholders' impact on ecosystem institutions and the difference in the levels of interaction between the core of the system and stakeholders are discussed. The principles and ideas of the theory of ecosystem analysis are presented.
It is addressed to researchers and university professors specializing in the fields of economic theory, institutional economics, regional economics, microeconomics and minieconomics.


P.S. is a 53-year-old female patient with stage IIB breast cancer. In November 2000, she received Adriamycin (Pfizer Inc., New York, NY) and Cytoxan (Bristol-Myers Squibb, New York, NY), along with Herceptin (Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA), as part of a clinical trial. In July 2002, the patient was found to have a left supraclavicular axillary recurrence. Because of this recurrence, P.S. received docetaxel (Taxotere, Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ) by IV on day 1 and 4,000 mg capecitabine (Xeloda, Roche Laboratories Inc., Nutley, NJ) by mouth on days 2–15 for the first two cycles. Docetaxel was given by IV every three weeks (210 mg total dose). Beginning with cycle three, P.S.'s capecitabine dose was reduced because of the onset of plantar palmar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) and swelling in the hands. When PPE was noted, the patient had inflamed, edematous hands, particularly on the tips of the fingers. In addition, small blisters developed on the tips of most of her fingers. The capecitabine dose was held until the next cycle (her fourth); as a result, her symptoms cleared within one week. During her fourth cycle, the capecitabine dose was decreased by 25%, and the PPE did not return. After the final cycle of docetaxel and capecitabine (cycle 6), the patient reported to the oncology office with extreme nail changes (see Figure 1). All of the nails of her fingers were bulging, whitish-green in color, and very foul smelling. This was interfering with the patient's activities of daily living and caused embarrassment because of the odor. The physician was consulted, and the patient was instructed to soak her fingers in water with an antibacterial soap. The patient made a self-referral to a podiatrist. Joyce Marrs, RN, BSN, OCN®, is a clinical nurse at Medical Oncology-Hematology Associates, Inc., and Susan Newton, RN, MS, AOCN®, is a field manager of oncology nursing at Ortho Biotech Oncology, both in Dayton, OH. (Mention of specific products and opinions related to those products do not indicate or imply endorsement by the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing or the Oncology Nursing Society.)


The paper by Carbonari et al. in this issue of the Journal calls attention to the rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular processes underlying ataxia—telangiectasia.1 Previous observations pro...


In E-Driven positron source of ILC, the generated positron is captured by a standing wave cavity. Because the deceleration capture method is employed, the positron is off-crest over the linac. Because the beam-loading is expected to be more than 1A in a multi-bunch format, the compensation is essential to obtain uniform intensity over the pulse. A conventional method for the compensation controlling the timing doesn't work because RF and Beam induced field are in different phase. In this manuscript, we discuss the compensation with the off-crest acceleration case. A simple phase modulation on the input RF is a solution.


Background: The classical currents of 20th century Humanism whose epistemological basis lies in the concept of logos and the notion that man is the measure of all things, which were adopted as the core of nursing care identity, no longer fit the parameters of hyper-technological/digital societies. Objectives: To reflect on the impact of intensive biotechnology and cyborgization of the human body on building a new epistemology of nursing centered on the concept of Post-Human. Main topics under analysis: Based on a conceptual framework and taking into account the theoretical references of nursing about caring, we intend to conduct an epistemological analysis of technology, Post-Humanism currents, and cyborg ontology. Conclusion: The technological innovation and the cyborgization of the human body should translate into new concepts of care. Nursing research and education should contribute to develop a reflective and ethically responsible professional care, rather than focus on technopractical aspects and on a pragmatic and utilitarian knowledge.


A method for determining critical flicker frequency (CFF) in the central parts of the visual field has been developed. Registration was performed under standard conditions as well as during acute intraocular pressure rise. Intraocular hypertension was induced by dynamometry calibrated by applanation tonometry. With the subject serving as his own control a rather abrupt decrease in CFF was found for central as well as eccentric stimuli at an IOP of about 40–50 mm Hg.


This paper applies RS theory of reduction to reduce the amount of image area features so as to reduce vector dimensions.Meanwhile,the idea of equivalence partition is used to classify the areas resulted from image-partition,which makes the image more easy to be understood and recognized.


The chiral conformal field theory of free super-bosons is generated by weight one currents whose mode algebra is the affinisation of an abelian Lie super-algebra h with non-degenerate super-symmetric pairing. The mode algebras of a single free boson and of a single pair of symplectic fermions arise for even|odd dimension 1|0 and 0|2 of h, respectively. In this paper, the representations of the untwisted mode algebra of free super-bosons are equipped with a tensor product, a braiding, and an associator. In the symplectic fermion case, i.e., if h is purely odd, the braided monoidal structure is extended to representations of the Z/2Z-twisted mode algebra. The tensor product is obtained by computing spaces of vertex operators. The braiding and associator are determined by explicit calculations from three- and four-point conformal blocks.


Conformational polymorphism is observed in the inclusion crystals of cholic acid 1 with ethyl acetate. Direct recrystallization of host 1 from ethyl acetate gives one polymorph (monoclinic P21); in the presence of 1-naphthylmethylamine as a third component another polymorph (triclinic P1) is produced. The former has gauche conformation of the side chain (the dihedral angle of C17–C20–C22–C23, ψ⊕=⊕65°) while the latter has trans conformation (ψ⊕=⊕−158 and −168°), although they have similar bilayer host frameworks with the same 1∶1 host–guest stoichiometries. This results in differences between the hydrogen bond networks, the cavity shapes and the orientations of the guest molecules.


In recent years,airborne vehicle detection system has been a hot research topic in many fields including intelligent transportation system and airborne emergency rescue because of its advantages such as wide view field,high speed and good adaptability.However,in the context of urban traffic environment,due to the interference caused by a complex background,vehicle movement irregularities and noise caused by changes of light,airborne detection system is facing a problem of the method to obtain the visual characteristics of moving objects effectively.In this paper,center-surround model combined with the motion feature is proposed to solve airborne vehicle detection.Existing detection algorithms,which are mostly for stationary camera systems,usually detect based on motion features,such as optical flow method,background subtraction method.These methods has gained and good results in relatively simple traffic background such as the highway,but when faced with complex urban background conditions or the status of camera platform movement,it is difficult to effectively detect moving targets.In this paper,analysis of the motion feature is added to the static features abstracted from the color and intensity characteristics,so that the problem of the effective and accurate extraction of the target features in a complex environment can be solved.Experiments show that,compared to image subtraction based detection algorithm and the single saliency algorithm,this method can achieve higher detection rate and lower false alarm rate.


Process Control is a core course for the automation specialty. It plays an important role in cultivating the students' application ability. First,the necessity of the teaching reform is formulated. Then,the reform measures in the teaching contents,teaching methods,evaluation system and other aspects are proposed. In the teaching practice,it has been proved that the reformed teaching mode is more helpful for the cultivation of the students' application ability and innovation spirit. The expected teaching effects have been achieved.


During the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the shogunal capital of Edo became, in the words of one scholar, a veritable "city of theatres". One testimony to the dynamism of performance culture during this time is that while the licensed theatre district continued to remain circumscribed within the ideo-spatial territory of akusho 悪所 ("place of vice"), a preponderant variety of performance entertainments, some emulative of kabuki and open to participation by amateur enthusiasts, began to proliferate throughout the city. Among the estimated hundreds of different performance entertainments that emerged during this time, perhaps none was more indicative of the vitality of amateur performance than chaban kyōgen 茶 番狂言 (popularly known as chaban 茶番 , for short). 2 In its earliest forms—initially as a green room pastime of professional kabuki actors during the Hō'ei period (1704-1711), and then as a salon entertainment of theatre aficionados, aspiring amateurs and various literary types in subsequent decades—chaban was more private than public in its staging. In this respect, chaban may be likened to zashiki kyōgen (座敷狂言 sitting room performances) and other modes of emulative performance in which kabuki enthusiasts re-enacted famous lines, or meizerifu 名台詞 , from ōmuseki 鸚鵡石 (booklets of famous lines, literally "parrot stones") at home or in a salon setting. By the beginning of the Bunka period (1804-1818), however, new forms of outdoor, or okugai 屋外, chaban were being developed for general audiences, and staged at public sites like temple grounds, river banks and flowerviewing spots. Following popular tastes of the time,


The issues that highlight one of the main tendencies of social relevancy advancement of psychology science and practice are under consideration. Macropsychology can significantly contribute to the estimate of the society's state and results of its reformation as well as setting up adequate objectives of its development and overcoming phenomena of economical determinism.


The paper highlights the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the use of ICT tools in teaching syntax and reveals the ways of introducing the experience of using them in the professional training of future language teachers within the course "Modern Ukrainian Literary Language: Syntax". The research literature on the didactic principles of ICT use in the educational process of future teachers, the application of ICT in the process of language training of students-philologists was reviewed. The study stresses the significant role of syntax in the linguistic hierarchy. Syntax helps students get aware of the laws of phrase and sentence structure, their expressive potential and means, and ways of their implementation in any discourse. It is important to follow the provisions developed by M. Zhaldak and S. Selian, N. Berger, Z. Dovedan. The paper outlines didactic principles, methods and techniques of ICT use in the professional training of future language teachers. The paper suggests some criteria for building a system of exercises and assignments with the help of ICT. It describes the ways of applying ICT tools in mixed and distance learning of students-philologists. A system of cognitive, training, research and creative exercises is presented. The study established that the use of digital narrative, mental maps, infographics, flashcards, electronic dictionaries in the training of future teachers of Ukrainian language and literature has a positive effect on students' mastering the educational material, it motivates and stimulates students; encourages students to apply self-cognition, self-learning, reflection, self-improvement; develops critical and creative thinking; offers them different strategies for memorizing information; enables interactive interaction between all participants in the educational process; provides the possibility of interval revision; makes the learning process active and interesting. The prospects of the research are determined in the study.


Objectives: To study the involvement of the hippocampus in the P50 evoked potential generation and of its suppression in epileptic patients with left or right unilateral hippocampal excision. Methods: A transverse study with control group for comparison was done. Exclusion criteria were another neurological or psychiatric disease, deafness, family history of psichosis, use of any atypical antipsychotic medication or use of drugs of abuse in the last month. The population was divided in two groups: group 1 (n = 34) - hippocampal excision; group 2 (n = 40) - normal controls. All participants were submitted to P50 recordings. Critical variables for the analysis included conditioning (S1) and test (S2) P50 amplitude and S2/S1 ratio. T-test was used to compare the mean values between the groups and chis-quare test was done to compare S2/S1 suppression frequency. Results: The mean S2/S1 ratio was 0.74 ± 0.44 in the group 1 and 0.42 ± 0.24 in the group 4 (p < 0.001). After comparing amplitude mean values, it has been found that S2 amplitude was significantly smaller in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that the hippocampus is not the generator of the waves in the P50 mid-latency auditory evoked potentials. This structure, however, is most likely involved in the generation of the suppression of the S2 testing wave in the double click paradigm.


With the development of urbanization, the number of motor vehicles has increased rapidly, and the problem of parking difficulty has become the main problem on the way to the healthy development of urban traffic. Especially in the central areas of large cities, the contradiction between supply and demand is prominent due to the dense population and the lagging construction of parking facilities. Such problems are rapidly emerging in large and medium-sized cities, which have a negative impact on the social and economic development of cities. This paper mainly analyzes and studies the physical mechanism of parking, the contradiction between supply and demand, parking management and other aspects, and puts forward solutions. Taking Ningbo as an example, this paper proposes a parking governance strategy for large cities, clarifies the goal orientation of the governance strategy, proposes supporting policies, regulations, and management systems, and proposes three governance strategies: parking supply strategy, parking demand management strategy, and parking management strategy, providing new ideas for large cities to create a new pattern of urban parking management featuring joint construction, governance, and sharing.


Boron minerals have a wide usage in industrial area. 73% of the World's boron reserves are located in Turkey. During the production of boron minerals, boron oxide and clay-containing wastes are occured. Due to the increase in boron production, the increase in waste clays, leads to the storage problems and negative environmental effects. In this study, waste clays from Kestelek Eti Mine Plant were added at certain percentages (10%, 30%, 50%, 70%) to a clay with high plasticity for investigation the stabilisation of clayey soils. For this purpose, consistency limit tests, standard proctor tests and unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted on the high plasticity clay, high plasticity clay with clay waste additives and waste clay samples. Test results showed that with increasing waste clay percentage, the unconfined compressive strength values of high plasticity clay were increased.


We develop a dynamical approach based on the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism to derive a field-theoretic description of disordered and interacting electron systems. We calculate within this formalism the perturbative RG equations for interacting electrons expanded around a diffusive Fermi liquid fixed point, as obtained originally by Finkelstein using replicas. The major simplifying feature of this approach, as compared to Finkelstein's is that instead of $N \to 0$ replicas, we only need to consider N=2 species. We compare the dynamical Schwinger-Keldysh approach and the replica methods, and we present a simple and pedagogical RG procedure to obtain Finkelstein's RG equations.


Two photon polymerization (TPP) has enabled three-dimensional microfabrication with sub-diffraction limited spatial resolution. However, depth at which TPP could be achieved, has been limited due to the high numerical aperture microscope objective, used to focus the ultrafast laser beam. Here, we report fiber-optic two photon polymerization (FTP) for in-depth fabrication of microstructures from a photopolymerizable resin. A cleaved single mode optical fiber coupled with tunable femtosecond laser could achieve TPP, forming extended waveguide on the fiber itself. The length of the FTP tip was found to depend on the laser power and exposure duration. Microfabricated fiber tip using FTP was employed to deliver continuous wave laser beam on to polystyrene microspheres in order to transport and manipulate selected particles by scattering force and 2D trapping. Such microstructures formed by TPP on tip of the fiber will also enable puncture and micro-surgery of cellular structures. With use of a cleaved fiber or axicon tip, FTP structures were fabricated on curved surfaces at large depth. The required Power for FTP and the polymerization rate was faster while using an axicon tip optical fiber. This enabled fabrication of complex octopus-like microstructures.


One of the first steps for researching Japanese classical literature is reading Japanese historical manuscripts. However the reading process is not easy, and time-consuming since a set of characters used in those manuscripts contain different characters from those currently used. There have been several attempts to read Japanese historical manuscripts. We proposed a framework to assist the human process for reading Japanese historical manuscript. It formulates the process as a constraint satisfaction problem, and a constraint solver in the whole system, was experimentally implemented as a UNIX command. In this paper, we added a Web service layer to the solver to realize loose coupling between the solver and the other subsystems. Thanks to the loose coupling, any programming language can be used for implementation of other parts of the whole system. In addition, the constraint solving Web service can be public through the Internet. We experimentally confirmed the solver as a Web service is faster than the that as a UNIX command if both the solver and a client are connected to a same local area network.


On-board estimation of the pose of an uncooperative target spacecraft is an essential task for future on-orbit servicing and close-proximity formation flying missions. However, two issues hinder reliable on-board monocular vision based pose estimation: robustness to illumination conditions due to a lack of reliable visual features and scarcity of image datasets required for training and benchmarking. To address these two issues, this work details the design and validation of a monocular vision based pose determination architecture for spaceborne applications. The primary contribution to the state-of-the-art of this work is the introduction of a novel pose determination method based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to provide an initial guess of the pose in real-time on-board. The method involves discretizing the pose space and training the CNN with images corresponding to the resulting pose labels. Since reliable training of the CNN requires massive image datasets and computational resources, the parameters of the CNN must be determined prior to the mission with synthetic imagery. Moreover, reliable training of the CNN requires datasets that appropriately account for noise, color, and illumination characteristics expected in orbit. Therefore, the secondary contribution of this work is the introduction of an image synthesis pipeline, which is tailored to generate high fidelity images of any spacecraft 3D model. In contrast to prior techniques demonstrated for close-range pose determination of spacecraft, the proposed architecture relies on neither hand-engineered image features nor a-priori relative state information. Hence, the proposed technique is scalable to spacecraft of different structural and physical properties as well as robust to the dynamic illumination conditions of space. Through metrics measuring classification and pose accuracy, it is shown that the presented architecture has desirable robustness and scalable properties. Therefore, the proposed technique can be used to augment the current state-of-the-art monocular vision-based pose estimation techniques used in spaceborne applications.


∗1 Kwansei Gakuin University ∗2 University of Hyogo ∗3 National Institute of Informatics The goal of this research is to develop a general method to transfer sales promotion strategy, derived from analysis on wide area, to local real shop. The authors analyzed such consumers' characteristics who buy olive oils in Kansai region, and derived some hypothesis about their behavior. Based on the hypothesis, we designed a sales promotion strategy and applied it to a real shop in Hyogo prefecture. The evaluation of the strategy itself is on going. 1.


The effect of uninformative characters on the "significance levels" obtained by bootstrapping in cladistic analysis is investigated empirically. Twenty‐eight data sets from Platnick's benchmarks are analysed with Siddall's Random Cladistics bootstrapping module and Farris'Hennig86 program, using 1000 replicates and exact calculations. Contrary to the assurances of Harshman, inclusion of autapomorphies in a matrix commonly leads to a loss of "significance".


Scholars have become increasingly interested in the importance of corporate social advocacy to an organization's bottom line. However, few researchers have investigated the subliminal mechanism with which corporations' political engagement attracts public attention and creates positive corporate-public relationships. This study examines corporations' identification with sociopolitical issues as an identity signaling practice. Rooted in the signaling and social identity theories, this study proposes a model that demonstrates the positive effects of corporate social advocacy activities on brand loyalty. This study sheds light on the role of brand community engagement as a signal verification process. Public-company identification leads to brand loyalty, which indicates the public's acceptance of a corporation's signal. We tested our proposed model through an online survey with participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (N = 960). Theoretical and practical contributions of this study were discussed.


As far as a supply chain management is concerned, the quantitative value of information will redound to coordination among partners in the supply chain and carrying out the strategy of information sharing. A three-level model of supply chain is considered involving one manufacturer, multiple distributors and multiple retailers, and the inventory costs of each partner in the supply chain with and without information sharing are analyzed respectively. The result shows that the reduction of the supply chain's average costs is substantial with the information sharing among the partners


Abstract : Ten materials have been placed in an order of merit for damage effectiveness should they be used for the rods on Continuous Rod Warheads, by projecting rods of the various materials from explosive charges at three strike velocities against three different target materials in three thicknesses. The dependence of damage on rod strength, density and velocity is shown to vary with target strength and thickness. The mechanism of damage is also discussed.


Based on investigation of factors leading to instability of schist slope along Shiyan-Baihe Highway,this paper,in relation to the slope deformation and failure conditions,studies five deformation modes and the failure mechanism related and then proposes the relevant treating measures.


Wheat is the most important crop plant in Iran and self sufficiency in wheat production is one of the economical and food safety policies in the country. In spite of efforts have been carried out in this area, the mean of wheat yield in Iran is less than its world average. To identify high yielding wheat lines with optimal characteristics and determination of traits to use as selection index, 180 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Norstar (winter wheat) and Zagros (spring wheat) cultivars were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications. During the experiment, grain yield, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, spike length, number of fertile tiller, plant height and winter survival were measured. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the lines for all the studied traits except winter survival and transgressive segregation was observed for grain yield, number of grain per spike, number of spike per m 2 , plant height and spike length. In path analysis, 1000 grain yield, number of grain per spike and number of spike per m 2 with positive direct effects on grain yield determined about 93.2 ﺪﺻرد of this trait variation. Considering high heritability of these characters compared with grain yield, they could be use as indices in selection of high yielding lines. Based on grain yield per m 2 , 14 lines were superior to Norstar (high yielding parent). Considering optimal characteristics of these lines, they could be evaluated at multi-environ ment experiments for selection of high yielding genotypes.


Acacia is native tree species widely distributed in china.It has a long history of culture and good ecological performance and corresponding application in economic, ecological, landscape and so on. So acacia is a kind of excellent species worthy of protection,development and utilization. This paper summarizes the resources characteristics and history culture and comprehensive utilization of acacia and also analyzes the development prospects.


The invention provides a lane-keeping control method and a lane-keeping system. After the lane-keeping system receives opening signals of a lane-keeping switch, a lane identifying device collects road information, a car body information collecting device collects car body information, and a lane-keeping control device controls an initiative steering system to adjust the traveling direction of a car according to the road information and the car body information. In the process of adjusting the traveling direction of the car, if the lane-keeping control device receives operation switching signals, the lane-keeping system is turned off, and a driver controls traveling of the car; if the lane-keeping control device receives torque signals of applying torque on a steering wheel, the lane-keeping control device controls the initiate steering system to offset the torque. The lane-keeping system conducts analysis treatment on the operation of the driver in the process of adjusting the traveling direction of the car and can conduct corresponding treatment on drivers' different operation motions on the car.


A system for interleaving high speed data and slower data that is serialized and delivered to a microprocessor. The typical source of the high speed data is a camera and the source of the slower data is a keyboard. The high speed data and the slower data, illustratively, are interfaced with a micro-processor in a parallel fashion. The present invention mirrors the parallel interface to the microprocessor, and mirrors the parallel interface to the sources of the high speed (camera) and slower (keypad) data. The present system formats parallel data from the sources and passes that data in serial form, typically with a clock, on a flexible cable that joins two sections of many cell phones or other hand held devices.


ABSTRACT The article analyses the role of local banks in Italy during the 2008–2009 crisis from the perspective of the relationship lending model. During the crisis, the risk of cascading failures of financial organizations has dramatically increased, thus causing a return of attention to local banking as a possible source of countercyclical behaviours in the financial markets thanks to their ability to establish fiduciary long-term relationships with small businesses. The purpose of this article is to test this hypothesis and to disentangle the response of local banks during the financial turmoil according to their governance structure and location. Our results show that non-independent local banks and, to a limited extent, cooperative banks located in the rural area actually played a significant countercyclical role across the crisis. Policy implications suggest that prudential supervision should rethink the indicators of systemic risk in order to differentiate banks according to their capability of mitigating it.


Atherosclerotic lesions are characterized by the accumulation of oxidized LDL (OxLDL) and the infiltration of macrophages and T cells. Cytokine expression in the microenvironment of evolving lesions can profoundly contribute to plaque development. While the pro‐atherogenic effect of T helper (Th) 1 cytokines, such as IFN‐γ, is well established, the role of Th2 cytokines is less clear. Therefore, we characterized the role of the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)‐13 in murine atherosclerosis. Here, we report that IL‐13 administration favourably modulated the morphology of already established atherosclerotic lesions by increasing lesional collagen content and reducing vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1)‐dependent monocyte recruitment, resulting in decreased plaque macrophage content. This was accompanied by the induction of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, which exhibited increased clearance of OxLDL compared to IFN‐γ‐activated (M1) macrophages in vitro. Importantly, deficiency of IL‐13 results in accelerated atherosclerosis in LDLR−/− mice without affecting plasma cholesterol levels. Thus, IL‐13 protects from atherosclerosis and promotes a favourable plaque morphology, in part through the induction of alternatively activated macrophages.


In construction, the concept of sustainable development refers to design or rehabilitation the buildings based on ecological principles, the aims being to improve the quality of life without increasing substantially the consumption of natural resources. In this respect, the paper analyse the heat energy and CO 2 eq saving in a residential building considering different types of insulation materials and fuel. The purposes of the analyses are to highlight the benefits resulting from designing the building envelope members in the context of sustainability criteria (low energy, CO 2 emissions, cost, and improved thermal comfort).


This paper reports some preliminary results of an examination into the feasibility of recognising the Doppler signatures of targets using speech recognition processing techniques. The rationale is that human operators typically listen to the Doppler audio output from the surveillance radar to detect and possibly identify targets. A feature of speech recognition is that pre-processing is used that takes account of the voice mechanisms that produce speech and the characteristics of the human ear. Three different recognition techniques, with identical pre-processing, were implemented. After validating the recognition algorithms with speech the recognisers were retrained with Doppler signals from a number of sources. It was found that the best of the speech recognisers, HMM-GMM, was also the best of the Doppler recognisers with 88% recognition. The work has been compared with that of others using a similar technique and a good agreement has been found. Some recent discoveries in neuroimaging are quoted that suggest that the human brain and that of several other mammals performs visual recognition in a manner common in speech recognition.


For real-time animation, keyframe animation that consists of translation, rotation, scaling interpolator nodes is used widely in 3D graphics. This paper presents 3D keyframe animation watermarking based on vertex coordinates in CoordIndex node and keyvalues in PositionInterpolator node for VRML animation. Experimental results verify that the proposed algorithm has the robustness against geometrical attacks and timeline attacks as well as the invisibility.


Compared to bacteria and plants, the cold shock response has attracted little attention in mammals except in some areas such as adaptive thermogenesis, cold tolerance, storage of cells and organs, and recently, treatment of brain damage and protein production. At the cellular level, some responses of mammalian cells are similar to microorganisms; cold stress changes the lipid composition of cellular membranes, and suppresses the rate of protein synthesis and cell proliferation. Although previous studies have mostly dealt with temperatures below 20°C, mild hypothermia (32°C) can change the cell's response to subsequent stresses as exemplified by APG-1, a member of the HSP110 family. Furthermore, 32°C induces expression of CIRP (cold-inducible RNAbinding protein), the first cold shock protein identified in mammalian cells, without recovery at 37°C. Remniscent of HSP, CIRP is also expressed at 37°C and developmentary regulated, possibly working as an RNA chaperone. Mammalian cells are metabolically active at 32°C, and cells may survive and respond to stresses with different strategies from those at 37°C. Cellular and molecular biology of mammalian cells at 32°C is a new area expected to have considerable implications for medical sciences and possibly biotechnology.


Consider a regenerative storage process with a nondecreasing Lévy input (subordinator) such that every cycle may be split into two periods. In the first (off), the output is shut off and the workload accumulates. This continues until some stopping time. In the second (on), the process evolves like a subordinator minus a positive drift (output rate) until it hits the origin. In addition, we assume that the output rate of every on period is a random variable, which is determined at the beginning of this period. For example, at each period, the output rate may depend on the workload level at the beginning of the corresponding busy period. We derive the Laplace–Stieltjes transform of the steady-state distribution of the workload process and then apply this result to solve a steady-state cost minimization problem with holding, setup and output capacity costs. It is shown that the optimal output rate is a nondecreasing deterministic function of the workload level at the beginning of the corresponding on period.


Purpose – Development studies rarely measure the impact of value chain strategies on performance. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the perceived contribution of strategies to the performance of three honey value chains in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – The value chain structure-conduct-performance (SCP) framework was used to select strategies and two performance indicators, honey production growth and local value-added. In a conjoint study, experts were asked to judge the contribution to the two performance indicators of several hypothetical combinations of value chain strategies. Findings – According to the experts, adoption of specialised technical assistance, sharing resources at the production step, increase in exports, and organic certification were the strategies which contributed the most to performance. Simulations suggested that some honey value chains could have greatly increased their performance with these higher pay-off strategies. Research limitations/implications – Quantifyin...


Spatial data analysis is being used efficiently and the governments have realized that georeferenced data yields more insight with time and locations. Epidemiology is about the study of origin and distribution of diseases and dates back to the 1600s with the instance of cholera in London. Data Science has been evolving and when analyzed with Soft Computing techniques like Rough Set Theory (RST), Fuzzy Sets, Granulation Computing which encompasses the data in its original nature, results can be obtained with accrued accuracy. This survey paper highlights Spatial Data Mining methods used in the field of Epidemiology, identifies crucial challenges and discusses of the use of Soft Computing methods.


Summary form only given. There have been numerous observations of filaments at 800 nm. The general perception is that, above a critical power, the beam focuses because nonlinear self-lensing overcomes diffraction. The self-focusing proceeds until an opposing higher order nonlinearity forms a stable balance.


The polyethylene glycol allyl glycidyl ether (PGAGE) is an important intermediate for preparing silicone softener that can be synthesized from allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and epichlorohydrin (ECH). The performance parameters including the concentration of ECH, initial boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) as well as CaCl2 quality were investigated respectively. The optimum process parameters which can get high capping and low by-product rate are as follows: the ECH concentration is 2.0 M, the initial BFEE concentration is 1.65mM, and the CaCl2 dosage is 1.65g/L. Under these conditions, the maximal yield can be improved to 91.36%, the percent of capping rate is higher than 98.16%, the residual concentration of F-is only 0.63 mg/L.


Atrazine is a herbicide used world wide and also mainly used in the maize fields of the northeast and northern regions of China.With negative environmental impacts,atrazine and its metabolites have been detected in surface water and ground water in many countries and districts.In this paper,the importance of carrying out the simulation of atrazine transport in soils is summaried,and a review on the main research progresses in simulations of atrazine transport using various mathematical models at soil column and field scales is presented.The research gap between China and other countries are pointed out.


Abstract In this article I present a discussion of mathematics teacher educators' descriptions of their practice, in particular, how they see their role in promoting home languages as the language of learning and teaching in Malawi. I also explore how mathematics teacher educators prepare pre- service teachers to teach mathematics in home languages in standard 1 to 4, the first four years of schooling. The study sample consisted of four mathematics teacher educators from two different teacher training colleges. These colleges prepare pre-service teachers for teaching in all primary classrooms in Malawi. The methods of data collection included classroom observations, and pre- observation and reflective interviews. The results show that the mathematics teacher educators abdicate the responsibility of preparing students teachers to teach in the home languages. They justify this stand mainly by referring to the fact that the Language in Education Policy does not allow mathematics teacher educators to use home languages in their classrooms: the use of home languages is only permitted in the early years of primary school. These results promote a more in-depth understanding of the challenges that exist for mathematics teacher educators who are training pre-service teachers to teach mathematics in home languages. The article argues for a consistent Language-in-Education policy and for the need to encourage a mathematics teaching approach at college level that will allow for a more productive way of preparing pre-service teachers for mathematics teaching in home languages.


Abstract: Single-cell sequencing is an emerging technique that allows high-throughput data analysis at an individual cell resolution and is applied in diverse fields of biology. Due to the large amount of data, downstream analysis is very complicated, and cell type annotation is a critical step; however, it is currently difficult to obtain good results. Single-cell sequencing has resulted in new breakthroughs in multi-omics, such as CITE-seq (Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing), which allows the measurement of surface marker proteins simultaneously with the sequencing of mRNA at the single-cell level. In this study, a CITE-seq dataset of human PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) was annotated using the most popular reference-based annotation methods, including SingleR, Seurat with the RNA-seq dataset, and Seurat with both the RNA and protein datasets; the results were then compared with RNA and protein expression levels to determine the role of proteins in cell annotation. The results indicate that protein expression can supplement datasets with some mRNAs with low expression to improve accuracy. With the verification of single-cell biomarkers, the multi-omics annotation method Seurat with both the RNA and protein databases showed the best performance, especially in the differentiation of NK cells and T cells and of dendritic cells and monocytes. This study shows the significance of multi-omics information for improving cell annotation and has great potential for perfecting these annotations with more data support.


Mengyuan (Alice) is the Associate of at CyberLab. Her team works on designing, developing and commercializing innovative educational technology tools. Their current project is CourseNetworking (or CN), an academic social networking based learning platform that is being used by learners and educators from more than 160 countries. CourseNetworking's most critical component is a social ePortfolio, which is institutions and educational programs to help their students collect, select, reflect on their learning and network with others who share similar academic interests. Abstract This paper describes the use of an ePortolio to facilitate success as students transfer from a community college system to baccalaureate engineering technology programs as juniors. The ePortfolio is created as part of a transfer seminar course that meets just before and during their first semester at university. The course has three purposes: Some material may be included in the university freshman and sophomore course, but not included in associate of science courses at community college. The creation of an ePortfolio during the transfer seminar assists with the synthesis of previous learning and filling in any gaps in knowledge needed for rest of the BS plan of study. To guide the artifact selection for the ePortfolio, university faculty reviewed the state-wide core competencies and compared them to the pre-requisite knowledge required for junior level courses. The most important competencies were targeted for use in the ePortfolio. During the seminar class, students identify artifacts from their AS classes that demonstrate the competency, upload an electronic representation of the work, and write a reflection about how the artifact demonstrates their competence. The reflections are assessed by the faculty using rubrics published in the course management system. The artifact collection they transfer


The invention relates to a method of sensor-less, electric rotor position measurement of a permanent-magnet, powered by inverter synchronous machine by measuring signals which are fed to an evaluation device, which is calculated from the angular dependence of the current space vector at embossed Statorflussmuster the electrical rotor position, wherein the absolute values of the differential current space vector is approximately sinusoidal with varies twice the value of the desired electric rotor position angle. DOLLAR A The process of the invention, which is particularly useful with stationary or locked-rotor machines, characterized by the fact that the absolute values of two subsequent measurements is formed in almost the opposite magnetization, so that saturation due to superposition of embossed stator flux and a permanently excited rotor flux a produced absolute values of the differential current space vector with two different maxima, from which the sought electrical rotor position angle is clearly derived directly and to 360 DEG.


Bleaching compositions containing coated or encapsulated bleaching agents, methods for employing these coated agents, as well as methods for preparing these encapsulates are disclosed. These compositions and methods are utilized to effectively bleach colored fabrics and textiles in both hot and cold water with minimal pinpoint damage to the fabric colors. The encapsulates have excellent storage properties and release of the active component at both hot and cold temperatures.


The problems of adolescence that can be a source of maladaptation can be harnessed to educational goals by structuring the learning process to emphasize problem solving and linking self-assertion to achieving success in learning.