With the popularity of health management applications, awareness of dietary management is increasing. When calculating the number of calories in a dish, discriminating between food regions is an important factor. However, when using deep learning, a large amount of data is required for training, and it is impractical to collect data for countless food categories. In recent years, a method called few-shot segmentation has been studied to learn a semantic segmentation model using a small amount of training data. In this study, we propose a few-shot and zero-shot segmentation model which targets food images to overcome the insufficient amount of food training data and show the effectiveness of the proposed model on a semantic segmentation task for new food classes. In the proposed model, we employed the word embedding pretrained with a large-scale recipe text dataset, which results in better accuracy than the previous methods.


Arecanut (Areca catechu L.) commonly called as betel nut is a high value commercial cropof coastal and Malnad region of Kerala and Karnataka. The present study was carried outat Agricultural and Horticultural research station Sringeri, UAHS Shivamogga in 2018. Thestudy attempts the correlation studies in the germplasm will help to understand the mutualrelationship among various traits and thereby assist in selecting the character contributingto the yield. In addition to this the selection for yield directly is ineffective as yield is affected by many other traits. The highest positive significant for the association of fruit yield per palm was with the fresh kernel weight per palm (0.96g) followed by dry weight of husk per palm (0.89g) and fresh weight of husk per palm (0.89g). Path analysis revealed that nineteen out of thirty-four characters recorded that fruit volume (2.40cc) had highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per palm followed by fresh fruit weight (2.17g) and breadth of leaf sheath (2.11m). It can be concluded that growth and yield characters may be considered in selection criteria for the improvement of yield in arecanut.


Caffeine, a pharmaceutical model compound, generally forms cocrystals with carboxylic acids that involve an O−H···N hydrogen bond between the carboxylic acid group of the acid and the caffeine imidazole moiety. Such solids are typically based on a single heterosynthon. To examine the facility of introducing additional supramolecular heterosynthons to the caffeine-carboxylic-acid cocrystal system, structural isomers of aromatic carboxylic acids (i.e., hydroxy- and dihydroxybenzoic acids) with additional hydrogen-bonding functional groups (i.e., hydroxy group) were screened for cocrystal formation. For this purpose, a highly efficient screening method based on thermodynamically driven solution-mediated phase transformation was utilized. This method enabled the rapid discovery of nine new solid phases involving caffeine. These caffeine phases were identified using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy as cocrystals based on 2-, 3-, 4-hydroxybenzoic- and 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 3,4-, and 3,5-dihyd...


This paper formulates the dynamics of 5 degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) robotic hand that consists of an index finger and an opposable thumb like the human hand. This system has two geometrical constraints and five velocity constraints generated during the object manipulation task. The three of the velocity constraints are associated with the joint angles of the robot, and are combined to the proposed system on the basis of observations about the fact that the distal two joints of the index finger are mechanically coupled. Based on the equations of motion including these constraints, we perform precise orientation control of a rectangular object grasped by the 5-DOFs robotic hand in the situation that grasping forces are not defined during the manipulation. The manipulation task given is one-finger control (index finger), for which a serial two-phased (STP) controller that had previously been proposed is modified. In experiments, we demonstrate that a simple integral controller designed by eliminating the second stage of the STP controller works well in the soft-fingered manipulation. In both simulations and experiments, it is clearly indicated that Jacobian matrices and the grasping forces are not necessarily required in the control law for accomplishing dexterous manipulation tasks. In other words, it is implied that a complete modelless and grasping-forceless control can be achieved in the task-space control.


This short article presents some guidance for new attorneys in the art of communicating effectively. The author reminds the reader that even when not speaking, we communicate through body language. The young attorney wants to create a positive impression on both listeners and observers, and thus the author offers eleven points on how to succeed in this, whether the audience is partners, judges, clients, opposing counsel, or assistants.


Abstract : Assemblies that sequester guest molecules based on its solubility are of immense interest to carry out extraction as well as reactions particularly when molecules have distinct solubility profiles. The U.S. Army has an interest in this area due to the possibility of using the assemblies to decontaminate and destruct the chemical warfare (CW) agents. Amphiphilic polymer based assemblies that differentially sequester guest molecules are potential candidates towards neutralizing the CW agents. It is also important to modify these assemblies in such a way to disassemble in response to stimuli. Such assemblies are useful in areas such as targeted delivery in addition to neutralizing the CW agents. Towards this goal, we synthesized polymers that could form stable assemblies in heterogeneous solvent mixtures. These assemblies exhibit nanocontainer properties by extracting molecules from both aqueous and organic solvents. We also demonstrated that the disassembly of these nanocontainers could be triggered by chemical and biological stimuli. Certain environments have more than one stimulus, which could be considered as a marker for a specific disease. For targeted delivery in such environments, the nanocontainer should poses functionalities that respond to multiple stimuli. Towards this goal, we synthesized block copolymers that respond to pH, redox and temperature. Thus the key features of this report are (1) Synthesis of homopolymers that could form both micelle and reverse micelle type assemblies depending on the nature of the solvent; (2) Investigation on the nanocontainer property of these assemblies and dye extraction studies to probe the stability of them in heterogeneous solvent mixtures; (3) Disassembly of organized assembly triggered by redox stimulus; (4) Disassembly of the nanocontainers using pH, redox and temperature.


This article utilizes the standard k- a turbulent model to simulate a corncob incinerator using the PISO
algorithm with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The flow patterns of the incinerator equipped with secondary air
inlets are predicted and compared for the various geometrical layouts. It is demonstrated that a wider recirculation zone
can be found while the inclined angles of inlets increased, so a longer residence time and higher combustion efficiency
will be expected. The longer distance between primary and secondary inlets will facilitate the formation of recirculation
zone in this bigger space. The more the number of the secondary air inlets, the less the resident air in the top recirculation
zone near the exit of the furnace. By using the CFD technique, the flow field of the incinerator can be understood more
precisely, and it can serve as an excellent design tool. Furthermore, the computational program can be composed with
FORTRAN and set up on a PC, and can easily be analyzed to get the flow field of the corncob incinerator.


Compound 3, representing the tetra-O-methyl ether derivative of structure, 1, assigned to the cytotoxic marine alkaloid halitulin, has been assembled in a convergent manner from the readily available building blocks 5, 6 and 11.


Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) in the purple membrane with the function of proton pumping is an integral membrane protein, and it is a prominent prototype of the family of seven alpha-helical proteins. At present, bR with light-driven proton pump is one of the best charlacterized active ion-translocating proteins. It is very possible that bR will be the first membrane protein whose vectorial transport mechanism is understood at the molecular and even atomic level. The progress on the structure, photocycle and proton pump of bR in recent years are briefly introduced.


Congestion in mobile ad hoc networks leads to transmission delays and packet losses and causes wastage of time and energy on recovery. In the current designs, routing is not congestion adaptive. Routing may let a congestion happen which is detected by congestion control, but dealing with congestion in this reactive manner results in longer delay and unnecessary packet loss and requires significant overhead if a new route is needed. This problem becomes more visible especially in large-scale transmission of heavy traffic such as multimedia data, where congestion is more probable and the negative impact of packet loss on the service quality is of more significance. Routing should not only be aware of, but also be adaptive to, network congestion. Routing protocols which are adaptive to the congestion status of a mobile ad hoc network can greatly improve the network performance. Many protocols which are congestion aware and congestion adaptive have been proposed. In this paper, we present a survey of congestion adaptive routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. Ad hoc networks consist of independent self-structured nodes. Nodes utilize a wireless medium for exchange their message or data, as a result two nodes can converse in a straight one to one connection if and only if they are within every other's transmit range. Keywords—Ad hoc networks, routing protocols, mobile computing, congestion adaptivity. __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________


ABSTRACT: Seven potential variables, pretreatment temperature, pretreatment time, concentration of OH−, concentration of H+, extraction temperature, extraction time, and skin/water ratio, were investigated by a 27-3 fractional factorial design to identify critical control factors for pollock skin gelatin extraction, and 3 responses, yield, gel strength, and viscosity, were evaluated. The results suggest that 4 variables, pretreatment temperature, concentration of OH−, concentration of H+, and extraction temperature, have significant effects on gelatin extraction, and these key factors were then selected for the subsequent optimization using response surface methodology with a 4-factor, 5-level central composite rotatable design. It suggests that a concentration of OH− at 0.25 mol/L, a concentration of H+ at 0.09 mol/L, a pretreatment temperature at 2°C, and an extraction temperature at 50°C, will give the highest values for the 3 responses. The predicted responses for these extraction conditions are that the yield will be 18%, gel strength will be 460 g, and viscosity will be 6.2 c P.


with growing hope that cardiovascular complications might be reduced in frequency and intensity (10). The study by Hermida et al. of 448 hypertensivepatientswithtype2diabetes who had ambulatory blood pressure measured initially for 48 h and then annually over a mean of 5.4 years found that administering antihypertensive medications at bedtime produced a significantly lower cardiovascular risk (adjusted by sex and age) than that in a randomly selected cohort given their antihypertensive drugs upon awakening. Taking antihypertensive drugs at bedtime significantly decreased the adjusted risk of cardiovasculardeath,myocardialinfarction,andstroke (0.25; P 5 0.003). Bedtime treatment significantly reduced both sleep-time blood pressure mean with a 12% cardiovascular risk reduction per 5 mmHg decrease in asleep systolic pressure during follow-up. It is well known that shift workers have increased diabetes and obesity, worse glucose control, and higher rates of cardiovascular disease and mortality (11). Changing the clocks back in spring is associated with increased myocardial infarctions. Supporting these observations are short-term experimental studies showing that misalignment of behavioral andcircadiancyclesresultsinadversecardiometabolic end points including higher arterial blood pressure, glucose, insulin, ghrelin, cortisol, and catecholamines (12). Genetic studies point to molecular mechanisms based in highly conserved controllers of periodicity or Zeitgaber (13,14). These molecular clocks are located in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissue, communicating with each other and responding to a great number of inputs presumably designed to maintain homeostasis of the entire organism relative to changing environments.


The anemia of end-stage renal disease is an area with many facets that interact in complex ways that continue to be discovered. Dialysis-related carnitine deficiency (DCD) recently has been identified as an important diagnostic consideration in patients hyporesponsive to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). Clinical studies suggest that treatment of DCD with levocamitine can favorably impact the outcome of hyporesponse to rHuEPO treatment. Possible explanations for this include an enhancement of erythrocyte membrane stability and alterations in sodium-potassium ATPase activity within the erythrocyte, which seems to improve erythrocyte life span. The National Kidney Foundation L-Carnitine Practice Recommendations, as well as Medicare reimbursement guidelines, provide clinicians direction on levocamitine treatment of anemia hyporesponsive to rHuEPO. Disclosure statement: The development of this article was supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc.


Francis media was developed for the differential screening of Burkholderia pseudomallei. It was later found to have additional function of selecting extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) from Enterobacteriaceae. A total of 305 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical specimens (Klebsiella spp. [191], Escherichia coli [96], Enterobacter spp. [9], Citrobacter spp. [3] and others [6]) were tested for the presence of ESBL.Out of 305, 135 were ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae tested on Francis media for the presence of yellow colonies and haze after 24 h of incubation. Francis media revealed sensitivity and specificity of 89 and 99%, respectively in detecting ESBL producing Enterobactericeae.

 Key words: Screening, extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL), Francis media.


This thesis advances a novel method of the space vector oriented control of a two-phase electromagnetic stirring inverter that consists of six power switches connected as a bridge.The third phase bridge arms of the inverter connects with the neutral point of the two phase electromagnetic stirrer,which make the amplitude of the alternating current of the phase of inverter is equal to the 2 times amplitude of the current of the other two phases of the inverter.The space quadrature vector oriented control can decouple between output current and frequency of the inverter by Park transformation,which guarantee the quite high accuracy of the 90 degree phase angle between the two-phase output current that supply for two phase electromagnetic stirrer in quite low frequency.The inverter has the control characteristic of constant current source.The topology and the control method can effectively improve dynamic characteristics and control precisions of the inverter and lower the content of the harmonic current of the electromagnetic stirrer.


The Lander-Waterman probabilistic model for physical mapping is analyzed to derive asymptotic thresholds for some properties relevant to the unique orderability of a library of clones. Also, algorithms and heuristics are developed for ordering clone libraries using overlap probabilities, and for creating maps of the location of recognition sites for restriction enzymes. These algorithms are tested with restriction fragment data simulated from real DNA sequence archived in GenBank.


Many research groups have proposed the enzyme sensors for the specific detection of L-1–7 or D-3,8,9 isomers of amino acids. Most of the enzyme sensors proposed are based on the amperometric1,2,4–6,8 and potentiometric7 detections or chemiluminometric3,9 detection of hydrogen peroxide or ammonia produced by the amino acid oxidases. In addition, the development of new biosensors which may enable the simultaneous determination of Land D-isomers of amino acids is also important, but it had not been achieved except for the successive detection3,10 of both isomers. In this note, a dual enzyme electrode suitable for the simultaneous amperometric detection of Dand L-amino acids is described. The proposed dual electrode consists of two platinum disks modified by an L-AAO or D-AAO membrane cross-linked by glutaraldehyde. Furthermore, the electropolymerization to coat with a thin film of poly(1,2diaminobenzene) was subsequently carried out to protect the electrode from direct (nonenzymatic) oxidation of electroactive amino acids such as methionine and tyrosine or electroactive interferents such as L-ascorbate, urate, and cysteine, which may otherwise cause electrode fouling. The analytical performance of the dual enzyme electrode is assessed under flow-injection conditions, particularly on substrate selectivity within a group of amino acids and on optical specificity for Dand L-isomers of amino acids.


Base on the principle of phase interferometer direction finding,the measure error causes of airborne two-dimension phase interferometer is interpreted detailedly,phase error caused by interior noise and baseline location changing caused by airplane inclined affecting direction finding result are analysed.Considering multipath effects of signal transmitting process,direction finding error is discussed below the two-ray channel and Rice channel circumstance.Aim at changing rule of various error in the simulation result,improving thought and solving method are proposed reasonedly.


In recent years, the Chinese government has adjust the implementation of national industrial structure and popularize water saving. However, agricultural water consumption still accounted for more than 60% of the total water content. With the rapid development of economy, the situation of water shortage is becoming increasingly serious. In agriculture production, developing accurate quantity water infrastructure projects can promote water saving on agricultural production and advance the process of water-saving agriculture. Based on the analysis of the current situation of agricultural development in China, this manuscript compared the development of the irrigation district management system since 1950s, and summarized the main factors restricting the construction of water-saving irrigation area. The results show that (1) Irrigation facilities coverage remains to be improved. (2) Low accuracy of measuring water facilities. (3) Lack of economic and practical equipment. In addition, this paper also put forward the research and development direction of quantity of water facilities in future. It can provide useful reference for water-saving agriculture development in China.


The importance of optimizing thermal comfort in interior spaces through passive means cannot be over-emphasized, especially in tropical regions in order to lower energy demand for cooling and to promote sustainable practices in Sub-Sahara Regions like Nigeria. This paper aimed at assessing the potential of passive cooling potentials in selected Nigerian Universities' buildings in the North-East sub-region. In this study, quantitative method of data collection was adopted. Three cases were studied such as Administrative Building of Gombe State University (GSU), Senate Building of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi (ATBU) and Administrative Building of Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola (MAUTECH). The results of the study are presented in simple percentages, tables, figures and frequencies in adherence to the checklists derived from Contemporary Methods of Passive Cooling established by Santamouris & Kolokotsa as follows: MAUTECH's Administrative Building scored 45% while ATBU Senate Building assessed to have 48% and GSU Administrative Building got 55%. This connotes that, designers should embrace passive elements in design and construction of office buildings in Nigeria as two of the three case studies fell below 50%.


The potential of microrobots to bring about revolutionary changes over micro-operation demands is increasing day to day. This paper presents a controller to provide 5 degrees of freedom for an underactuated bio-inspired helical swimming microrobot. The considered system is a helical swimming microrobot with three flagella in a low Reynolds performance environment. Control of the considered system is performed to reach any desired location, roll angle and pitch angle. The proposed controlling error definition extracted from the system geometry is general for similar actuation configurations. An error detection method for multi-propulsion-unit systems is utilized for 5-DOF micromanipulation of an underactuated bio-inspired helical swimming microrobot by fuzzy-PI controller. A fuzzy-PI controller is proposed to use modified experimental data of PI controller debugging to maintain a suitable efficient control. The comparison of two other possible controllers and the proposed fuzzy-PI controller is discussed, and the performance of trajectory tracking is evaluated by simulations.


In this paper, we investigate the resource sharing problem to optimize the system performance in device-to-device(D2D) communications underlaying full-duplex cellular networks. In the investigated scenario, D2D links, cellular uplinks and cellular downlinks are permitted to reuse the same spectrum resources under efficient interference control, leading to a more complicated interference relationship among the communications links when maximizing the network throughput via resource sharing. Therefore, we employ an interference graph to model the considered interference scenario, in which different communication links and the interference relationships among them are represented by the vertices and edges in the constructed interference graph, respectively. Then, we further propose a graph coloring based resource allocation scheme which can effectively allocate the spectrum resources to the communication links in order to maximize the network throughput with low computational complexity. Simulation results show that when allowing for the resource sharing among D2D links, cellular uplinks, and cellular downlinks, the network throughput can be effectively improved and our proposed scheme can solve this complicated resource sharing problem with low complexity and efficient resource allocation solutions.


Goran Djurfeldt's contribution to a recent edition of Acta Sociologica is a major addition to the renewed debate on the agrarian question and the persistence of family farmers in advanced capitalist societies. Djurfeldt providec a timely and powerful critique of orthodox or 'vulgar' interpretations of the development of agrarian capitalism. His fundamental thesis that family farming has survived, indeed prospered, under Western capitalism is one that is impossible to deny. Like Djurfeldt I despair of slavish attempts to proclaim Marxist orthodoxies in the light of contemporary agrarian structures. Such proclamations do continue, and by major figures in Marxist circles. For example Ernest Mandel can still maintain that:


In recent years, with the rise of graph convolutional neural networks, traffic network prediction has become a hot topic. Affected by this, this paper proposes a new traffic network speed prediction method, named LSTM-Graph Attention Network (L-GAT). This method can not only capture the spatial characteristics of the traffic network, but also learn the time dynamics. In addition, we conducted experiments on the public data set of Didi, which proved that the L-GAT method is superior to other methods in traffic speed prediction.


This chapter provides some context to prevailing Sentimentalist socio-political assumptions, in particular the division of society into a public and a private sphere. It addresses the concept of civil society, and investigates its relationship to notions on gender, exploring to what extent they shaped representations of fate as a female element of disorder. Initially, the focus will be on Western Europe, in particular on France, with frequent reference to the writings of the philosopher and writer JeanJacques Rousseau (1712–1778), which were of crucial importance in this context. This will be followed by a look at Russian culture and how the Sentimentalist concepts affected it. Finally, differences between the Russian version of Sentimentalist gender concepts and their Western European and French counterparts will be highlighted.


As a transnational Israeli writer, Chochana Boukhobza delves into the complex problem of crossing borders in Un ete a Jerusalem (1986), a text which focuses on the unnamed protagonist's trip from P...


Introduction:
 Whether prehospital Nitroglycerin use is associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) remains unknown in the era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using stents.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesized that prehospital Nitroglycerin use would be associated with MACE in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who underwent primary PCI.

 Methods:
 This retrospective observational study enrolled 947 consecutive patients who received the emergent PCI. Patients were classified into the two groups, with and without prehospital Nitroglycerin use. 250 patients were given prehospital Nitroglycerin sublingually or via oral spray or intravenously. The clinical outcome was MACE defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke at a one-year follow-up.

 Results:
 The Systolic blood pressure at the emergency department was 132 (105, 141) mmHg in the prehospital Nitroglycerin, and 135 (113, 158) mmHg in the non-Nitroglycerin group (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that the MACE frequency was higher in the prehospital Nitroglycerin group (p = 0.021). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the prehospital Nitroglycerin use (hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.65; p = 0.002) was an independent predictor for MACE. Prehospital Nitrogricerin use, Killip classification, and Ejection fraction models resulted in a c-statistic with a statistically significant 95% PI and moderate discriminative performance (c-statistic=0.763; 95% CI, 0.7111-0.816, p<0.001).

 Conclusions:
 The present results suggested that the prehospital Nitroglycerin use might worsen the one-year prognosis in ACS patients undergoing primary PCI.


Background and Objective: Development of critical thinking and practical skills has remained a serious and considerable challenge throughout the nursing educational system in Iran. Conventional methods of teaching such as lectures as the dominant method used in higher education system is a passive style which ignores critical thinking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of instruction by Concept-Mapping and conventional Method on critical thinking skills of nursing students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 70 nursing students of Tehran Nursing and Midwifery schoolwho were selected through convenient sampling method, then were divided randomly into the two equal Experimental and Control groups. Educational content was presented in the form of Concept-Mapping in the Experimental group and Lecture,Demonstration and Practicalexercises in the control group. Data collection included a demographic information and California Critical Thinking Skills (form B) questionnairewhich was completed at the beginning and at the end of the fourth week of Instructional period. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (V: 21), descriptive and analytical Statistics; at the significant level P<0.05. Results : Before the intervention, the mean of critical thinking skill score was 9.71±2.66 in concept mapping group and 9.64 ± 2.14 in conventional group and the difference was not significant (P=0.121), but after the intervention, a significant difference was found between the intervention and conventionalgroup (15.20±2.71 vs 10.25±2.06, P=0.003). Conclusion : Using Concept mapping strategy in the education of nursing students may lead to developing critical thinking skills as one of the important missions of higher education. So it is recommended to usethis method in clinical nursing


A theoretical approach is used to predict the stress field under a slipping rigid wheel. The soil is considered to be in a state of limiting equilibrium. The Mohr-Coulomb criterion is assumed valid. The analysis takes into account the stress distribution in the soil mass of cohesive-frictional material in a dry, saturated or submerged state. A mathematical model is constructed to represent the pattern of soil flow underneath the wheel. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the construction of the slip lines network. The radial and tangential stress distributions at the soil-wheel interface is also presented. This method of approach predicts the critical stress state at limiting equilibrium condition.


Purpose The purpose of my research was to investigate the role of spirituality in the recovery process of the alcoholic who is participating in a twelve step program. The type of information sought for this study were the spiritual experiences of individuals who are recovering alcoholics in a twelve step program for at least one year. Method The research is qualitative, based on the tradition of phenomenology. In order to obtain the most comprehensive amount of information, a semi-structured interview was used. The sample size consisted of six participants, two females and four males. Their ages ranged from twenty-five to sixty-six. The participants were obtained through convenience and snowball sampling. The first participants were selected after responding to a posted advertisement. The rest of the participants were referred by friends. The data was obtained from the participants in audio taped interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using an editing analysis style. The unit of measurement was the paragraph. This holistic approach offered the opportunity to collect data about the participants' personal spiritual experiences in a thorough manner. Analysis resulted in identification of several themes and patterns among the lived experiences of six individuals in recovery from alcoholism. Results There is little formal research on exactly what role spirituality plays in recovery from alcoholism. This study revealed that spirituality is the most essential theme in the recovery process. For these participants, there would be no recovery without spirituality. Another possible theory which was uncovered by this study is that as one becomes more spiritually evolved, one becomes more concerned about others as opposed to focusing on one's self. Implications for advanced practice nursing include assessment of spirituality when treating alcoholics and their families, increasing the acceptance of spirituality in a holistic approach to care by including spirituality in the curriculums of nursing programs at all levels, as well as facilitating the practitioner's self awareness regarding spirituality. Limitations Two limitations of the study were a small sample size (n=6), as well as limited time. Conclusion This study indicates that the role of spirituality in recovery is vital. Given that element, it would seem reasonable to continue research of spirituality in the recovery process and increase acceptance of that role within the medical, psychiatric, and nursing practice communities.


Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms are used to simulate from complex statistical distributions by way of a local exploration of these distributions. This local feature avoids heavy requests on understanding the nature of the target, but it also potentially induces a lengthy exploration of this target, with a requirement on the number of simulations that grows with the dimension of the problem and with the complexity of the data behind it. Several techniques are available toward accelerating the convergence of these Monte Carlo algorithms, either at the exploration level (as in tempering, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and partly deterministic methods) or at the exploitation level (with Rao–Blackwellization and scalable methods).


1 Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry. Guidelines on good clinical research practice. London: ABPI, 1988. 2 Kessler DA. The regulation of investigational drugs. N Engl3JMed 1989;320:281-8. 3 Committee on Proprietary Medicinal Products, EEC. Recommended basis for the conduct of clinical trials of medicinal products in the European Community. Brussels: EEC (in press). (Document III/411/87.) 4 Herxheimer A. The rights of the patient in clinical research. Lancet 1988;ii: 1128-30.


Campus network is an application software which developed under the Delphi 6.0. Pretty in face, easy in operation, it is very flexible to keep records of the data of campus users, tracing, editing, printing and code modification of the logging in and counting of the users.


The "Guideline on Protein-Rich Mixtures for Use as Weaning Foods," PAG guideline no. 8, issued in 1971 by the Protein Advisory Group of the United Nations System (PAG guidelines referred to in this paper are on file at the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization), has served as a basic reference on the subject. In recent years it has been supplemented by reports from the Codex Alimentarius Commission's Committee on Foods for Special Dietary Useswhose documents provide guidelines for standards on the development and use of foods for infants and young children, including supplementary foods, in generic terms [1], but do not elaborate on the preparation and use of these foods specifically in developing countries. The suggested new guidelines presented here build primarily on the technical information in the Codex committee's 1985 "Guidelines for Development of Supplementary Foods for Older Infants and Young Children'' [2], by providing practical suggestions to be considered when tailoring the development and use of supplementary foods to less than optimal conditions. These conditions usually require extra considerations to maximize the likelihood that the supplementary food will be affordable and that its preparation will lead to a nutritious, safe product. Even the most hygienic and nutritious supplementary foods can be rendered unsafe by exposure to contaminated environments or through handling by persons with poor personal sanitary practices.


Livingstone concludes that "the reporting of a liability for deferred taxes arising from SYD (sum-of-the-years-digits depreciation) lacks empirical justification." I would agree that the reporting of a liability for deferred taxes lacks justification but, contrary to Livingstone (or in addition, as the case may be), the argument may be based better on theory than empirical research. In this comment, I will attempt to argue that in theory there is no such animal as a deferred tax; that, in fact, the issue is an empty box about which, nevertheless, there has been considerable wrangling. Because some readers may remain unconvinced, I will then refer to some difficulties in the present research which would leave me unconvinced of the conclusions reached were not my prior beliefs in the same direction.


Background:  Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) is the standard procedure for surgical management of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication (LTF) is reported to be as effective as LNF but to be associated with a lower incidence of post‐operative dysphagia. This meta‐analysis was performed to compare the two techniques with respect to reflux control and associated complications, particularly dysphagia.


Introduction 1. Pollution, interpretation and understanding 2. Pollution and the stability of civic space 3. Evaluation and stability in Aeschylus' Oresteia 4. Pollution, purity and civic identity Envoi.


In order to explore the relationship between extracurricular reading habits and humanistic qualities, this study investigated more than one thousand students from three medical colleges in Beijing. The results show that medical students' humanistic qualities are positively related to the degree of emphasis on the extracurricular reading, the competence of making full use of the scattered time to accumulate knowledge, and the depth and breadth of reading humanities books. In order to fully improve medical students' humanistic qualities, medical colleges should guide medical students to understand the inadequacies of cultivating humanistic quality in our professional education system, provide medical students with adequate, convenient and multi-media humanities reading resources, and enrich the contents and forms of campus cultural activities.

Key words:
Medical students; Humanistic qualities; Extracurricular reading


The rapid increasing demands of multi-media applications have busted the improvement of video transmission. By the increase of multimedia transmission, quality of experience (QoE) has become the hot topic of the wireless networks' research. This paper proposes a QoE-aware resource allocation algorithm in MIMO-OFDM Networks. The power allocation estimation is formulated to maximize according to QoE by considering the video transmission rate and the subcarrier schemes under the constraint of minimum power. In this paper, we will analyses the the performance of video transmission from transmission rate at the application layer to the power allocation at the physical layer. From simulation results, we can see that the proposed subcarrier allocation algorithm maximizes the video QoE by minimizing the sum distortion of multi-users in MIMO networks with power constraints.


Bob Weis is Melbourne's most prolific film maker. He is also something of a maverick. In the commercial and sometimes cynical world of film and television production, Weis has the knack for taking up projects other producers treat as too risky because of the controversial nature of the subject matter. And brining them off with a suprising degree of success. Weis's first major television production was the award winning, Women of the Sun, (1981), a four part mini series chronicling the lives of Aboriginal women at different times in history. Women of the Sun was followed by The Clinic (1982), a contemporary feature film set in a Melbourne VD clinic, which was directed by David Stevens and co-produced with Robert Le Tet. In 1983 Weis produced Waterfront, a three part TV series directed by Chris Thompson from screenplays by Mac Gudgeon. It deals with the bitter strikes of Melbourne's wharfs in the late 1920s. Weis is currently involved in five film and television projects. Earlier this year, he produced a feature film in Hollywood, Heart breakers, which will be released in the United States later this year. There is also a feature length television documentary, The Red Pimpernel, directed by Karyn Altmann, that was shot in a number of countries including America, Portugal, Israel and Australia, which is nearing completion. It is about Raoul Wallenberg, the Swedish diplomat credited with saving thousands of Jews from Nazi concentration camps, who disappeared in mysterious circumstances in 1945. Most of Weis's attention at the moment though, is focused on The Dunera Boys, a four part series directed by Ben Lewinfor Network 10, which starts production later this year. It is based on that extraordinary story of a boatload of refugees sent from Britain to Australia as prisoners of war. Weis is also the executive producer on Chris Thompson's The Empty Beach, an adaption of a Peter Corris novel, that is being made in Sydney. And during the next year, he plans to direct a feature film about Burke and Wills.


Only a few studies have assessed cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in childhood cancer survivors. We determined the prevalence of CRFs in long‐term survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and Wilms tumor.


Before, during and since the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse (2013–2017), not‐for‐profit community and legal services have been critical in supporting survivors of institutional child sexual abuse. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perspectives of community and legal service practitioners operating in Greater Western Sydney regarding the ongoing impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the service system for survivors of institutional child sexual abuse. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 practitioners at 15 community and legal services. Through thematic analysis, the study identified five areas of concern regarding service provision and COVID‐19, including difficulties in navigating shifts to remote service delivery;changes in service accessibility;complications in accessing the National Redress Scheme;safety challenges for clients;and safety challenges for practitioners. The research identified a need for services to finesse frameworks that ensure remote services can be delivered safely for clients and practitioners alike. Priorities include adequate funding for technology and infrastructure, supporting survivors of abuse perpetrated online and encouraging effective coping strategies for practitioners who undertake trauma support work from home. Future research should consider how shifts to remote service delivery have impacted survivors of different demographic groups and the survivor support workforce. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Australian Journal of Social Issues (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)


The Lord's Prayer has a collective and an individual sense. In a pastoral context it can lead the individual believer to inner healing, transformation, faith and redemption; with the result of a collective sense of merciful, sacrificing, restorative justice that forms a paradigm for restorative justice in a broken society. Ultimately the Lord's Prayer ripples outwards from the supplicant's own needs to the fulfilment of the love commandment towards God and other people. With the use of the Lord's Prayer in the pastoral guidance process, the counselee's attention can shift from a problem-focused attitude to a life of justice, peace and joy. The research question under investigation asks if the Lord's Prayer can really form a paradigm for restorative justice within a situation of brokenness when it forms part of the pastoral guidance process to give structure to the mixture of emotions that the counselee experiences. The pastoral challenge lies in not limiting newly-found healing to the counselling room, but letting it result in a responsible way of life. Two main themes of the Lord's Prayer are discussed, namely, human beings' relationship with God, and their dependence on God for life. The main themes are related to the love commandment, which in itself aims to guide the believer to the realisation of a wider responsibility towards society in respect of merciful, sacrificing, restorative justice that heals brokenness.


The Enhanced Integrated Climate Model (EICM) is a program that integrates most of the climate conditions to simulate climate effects on pavements. It was originally designed for all regions in the United States. However, it was proposed on the basis of the nation wide average climate data and not accurate for regional conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the EICM using local climate data before its application by state DOTs and other agencies. In the State of New Mexico, because of its special climate condition, the calibration of EICM is very important. In this paper, the EICM was used to predict pavement temperature profile with the input data obtained from the LTPP Datapave. Then the EICM-predicted temperatures were compared with the measured temperatures to validate the feasibility of the current EICM in New Mexico. Finally, the correlation between the EICM-predicted and measured temperatures is provided.


BACKGROUND: Dental impaction is defined as cessation of eruption of a tooth caused by a clinical or radio graphically detectable physical barrier in the path of eruption or due to ectopic position of the tooth in the jaw. The aim of this study is to assess the pathologies anomalies associated with impacted third molars and is to enlighten the Dental practitioners about the possible pathologies anomalies that might occur associated with impacted third molars so that these problems could be anticipated and detected earlier for a better quality of treatment and prognosis. It also emphasizes on the necessity to extract impacted third molars as soon as they are diagnosed rather than waiting for the symptoms to arise because by the time the symptoms arise, pathological changes would have already set in. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 100 OPGs of patients with impacted tooth/teeth were collected. The OPGs are of patients from different age groups and these are randomised samples. The subjects of the study are out patients of Saveetha Dental College and the patients' radiographs were taken at the same place. RESULTS: Among the 100 OPGs of patients with one or more impacted teeth, it was found that in 51 cases mandibular right third molar(48) was impacted which had the highest occurrence of impaction. Out of 100 cases, 82 cases had radiographic findings associated with the impacted teeth. Incidence of bone loss was found to be highest among the impacted third molars which was 55%. The major pathologies like ameloblastoma and dentigerous cyst was found in 3% which had the least incidence. CONCLUSION: Considering the problems associated with impacted third molars as observed during the study, retention of such impacted teeth may cause serious pathologies and may increase the risk of postoperative complications. Hence it is advisable to treat impactions at an early stage through prompt diagnosis and explaining the patient regarding such complications. And removal of impacted third molars, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic is recommended as early diagnosis may prevent the onset of pathologies.


What are the major problems involving computers in precollege education?
 This question will be discussed by a panel of precollege teachers who are seriously interested in instructional uses of computers. They will present their wants and needs. Topics to be covered include software, hardware, courseware, inservice training, administrative support, and loneliness. The panel will discuss both teaching about computers and teaching using computers. There will be time for input from the audience.


Objective To study the effects of organic extractions from drinking water chlorinated disinfection on the genital system in male mice and provide evidence of safety drinking water for formulating healthy policy. Methods The organic extractions from drinking water were enriched by XAD-16 macroporous resin. 40 male mice were divided into 4 groups: control (plant oil +DMSO),high dose organic extractions(500 mg·kg-1,about equal to 50 L water),middle dose (250 mg·kg-1),low dose (125 mg·kg-1). The organic extractions were administered 1 time every day through mouth for 15 d. The testosterone levels in blood serum and testis,the activities of LDH and G-6-PD were measured. Results The testosterone levels in serum and testis in every treatment group were lower than that in control group (P0.05). In middle and high doses groups,the activities of LDH were lower than those in low dose group and control group obviously (P0.05).In high dose group,the activity of G-6-PD was higher than those in all the other groups obviously (P0.05). Conclusion Organic extractions can decrease the activities of G-6-PD and LDH,reduce the testosterone levels in serum and testis,and damage the genital system in male mice.


Abstract Benzobicyclon is a new pro-herbicide being evaluated in the Midsouth United States as a post-flood weed control option in rice. Applications of benzobicyclon to flooded rice are necessary for efficacious herbicide activity, but why this is so remains unknown. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to explore how herbicide placement (foliage only, flood water only, foliage and flood water simultaneously) and adjuvants (nonionic surfactant, crop oil concentrate, and methylated seed oil [MSO]) affect herbicide activity. The first experiment focused on importance of herbicide placement. Little to no herbicidal activity (<18% visual control) was observed on two- to four-leaf barnyardgrass, Amazon sprangletop, and benzobicyclon-susceptible weedy rice with benzobicyclon treatments applied to weed foliage only. In contrast, applications made only to the flood water accounted for >82% of the weed control and biomass reduction achieved when benzobicyclon was applied to flood water and foliage simultaneously. The second experiment concentrated on adjuvant type and benzobicyclon efficacy when applied to foliage and flood water simultaneously. At 28 days after treatment, benzobicyclon alone at 371 g ai ha-1 provided 29% and 67% control of three- to five-leaf barnyardgrass and Amazon sprangletop, respectively. The inclusion of any adjuvant significantly increased control, with MSO providing near-complete control of barnyardgrass and Amazon sprangletop. Furthermore, we used the physiochemical properties of benzobicyclon and benzobicyclon hydrolysate to derive theories to explain the complex activity of benzobicyclon observed in our study and in field trials. Benzobicyclon applications should contain an oil-based adjuvant and must be applied to flooded rice fields for optimal activity. Nomenclature: Amazon sprangletop, Diplachne panicoides (J. Presl) McNeill; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.; Benzobicyclon; rice, Oryza sativa L.; weedy rice, Oryza sativa L


Anhydrous americium(III) starting materials were prepared from americia (AmO2) using inexpensive, commercially available reagents and mild reaction conditions. [AmCl(μ-Cl)2(THF)2]n (1-Am) and AmBr3(THF)4 (2-Am) were isolated and characterized by electronic absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These new starting materials are soluble in organic solvents, making them useful synthons for nonaqueous organometallic americium chemistry.


A fundamental concern in any theory of cosmopolitanism is the role of the nation-state. The Kantian school of thought suggests that nations play a necessary role in the formation of identity and the establishment of democracy. A more literal cosmopolitanism aims for a universal, worldwide arrangement (government or otherwise) and the abolishment of the national identities that encourage tribalism, rivalry, and local oppression. It is when we look outside conventional discourses of cosmopolitanism we find that fiction, music, the visual arts can generate new theory and amend old in a way that other discourses cannot. Here, I read in Jonathan Safran Foer's Everything Is Illuminated an argument for the role of communities, national or otherwise, in the formation of individual identity and the basis of a potentially productive cosmopolitanism. Foer's fictional communities are overlapping, constantly-evolving arrangements, which serve as sites of memory, identity, and correction for individual members. They exist within a cosmos of countless other evolving communities, which, in turn, share a similar corrective role for one another. This corrective role is enacted through the twin forces of shame and laughter, which operate as both restrictive and productive forces. The useful


Let A = {A i } i ∈ I be an mp arrangement in a complex algebraic variety X with corresponding complement Q(A) = X\U i ∈ I A i and intersection poset L(A). Examples of such arrangements are hyperplane arrangements and toral arrangements, i.e., collections of codimension 1 subtori, in an algebraic torus. Suppose a finite group Γ acts on X as a group of automorphisms and stabilizes the arrangement {A i } i ∈ I setwise. We give a formula for the graded character of Γ on the cohomology of Q(A) in terms of the graded character of r on the cohomology of certain subvarieties in L(A).


Using a hood for aerosol therapy to infants was found to be effective and friendly to handle over the commonly used face-mask. The currently available hood design has yet a greater potential in terms of efficiency, and a numerical simulation can serve as a tool for its optimization. The present study describes the development and utilization of a numerical simulation for studying the transport and fate of the aerosol particles and the carrier gas within a 3-D realistic representation of the hood and the infant's head. The study further incorporates realistic breathing patterns, with longer expiration phase than the inspiration one. Both nose and mouth breathing are simulated. While the base case assumes that the funnel that delivers the aerosol within the hood is perpendicular to the infant's face, more realistic scenarios include a funnel that is slanted with respect to the infant face, the infant's head taking a general position with respect to the funnel, and the funnel and the head being both tilted. In Addition the assessment of the amount of aerosol that reaches the eyes of the patient when administrating medications with such a device was studied. A good agreement is found between computation and experimental results. As expected, the most efficient drug delivery, 18%, is achieved when the funnel is normal to the infant's face. The quantitative evaluation of different scenarios presented in this work increases the knowledge of physicians, nurses and parents regarding the efficacy of the treatment, in terms of the actual amount of drug inhaled under various modes of function of the device. Corresponding author


this paper we investigated the pulse propagation in a grating using a novel, fast and efficient algorithm. This method is used for the related boundary values equations and is much faster than other methods such as shooting method. The nonlinear coupled equations of a fiber Bragg grating are solved numerically for an arbitrary input pulse. By this method, the first and second order variations of the propagation constants with respect to frequency, β 1 and β 2 , are survived and compared with the experimental results. It is shown that β 1 causes a shift in the pulse peak along the time axis and a large dispersion (or equivalently positive or negative β 2) is exist in a FBG. The effect of different coupling coefficient in dispersion and soliton propagation is investigated and we found that in strong coupling regime, the FBG operates like an ideal filter.


OBJECTIVE To create a set of surveillance and solution program for air removal effect of the pressure steam sterilizer so as to ensure the high-quality operation of the sterilizer.METHODS Totally 3sets of autoclaves from the central sterile supply department were chosen as the study objects and were respectively treated with B-D test plus sterilization temperature contrast test for 486 times,B-D test plus air leakage test for 19 times,and sterilization temperature contrast test plus B-D test for 26 times.A comparative study of the three groups was conducted.RESULTS The coincidence rate of the negative result of the B-D test plus sterilization temperature contrast test was 96.09%,the coincidence rate of the positive results of the B-D test plus air leakage test was 73.68%,and the coincidence rate of the positive result of the sterilization temperature contrast test plus B-D test plus air leakage test was 100.00%.CONCLUSION As a set of surveillance and solution program for air removal effect of the pressure steam sterilizer,the joint use of the sterilization temperature contrast test,air leak test,and B-D test can accurately monitor the air removal effect during the operation of the pressure steam sterilizer,effectively eliminate the hidden dangers due to the single use of B-D test,and ensure the sterilization quality of the medical devices.


The objective of this research focuses on the study of systems of indicators to evaluate local policies within the framework of sustainable human development. To do this, we start with the analysis of most important international experiences, which have been the basis for the stablishment of systems of indicators arround the planet. Next, we carry out a comparative analysis of some specific Spanish experiences, trying to summarize the key aspects that are observed in such systems of indicators. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and areas for improvement to be taken into consideration when formulating a system of indicators of sustainable development.


Taking the given fifth disc-blade structures of the gas turbine as an investigation object in consideration of the complex loads,the transient thermo-elastic-plastic finite element analysis of the contact disc-blade structures was completed using ANSYS program designed with ANSYS parameter design language(APDL).The stress and strain of turbine disc-blade structures were calculated respectively under the urgent loads and the typical loads.The disc-blade gap was regarded as a parameter,and the changes of stress and strain of the structures with different contact gaps were analyzed.Meanwhile,the exact value of the contact gap when the stress and strain changed suddenly was obtained.Moreover,the influence of the contact heat transfer coefficient on the stress and strain was discussed.Finally,some constructive suggestions were given for the processing of designing,machining,the improvement of material properties of the disc-blade structures and the operation and management of the gas turbine.


In this study,the removal of organic matter was investigated during the drinking water treatment process based on the characteristics of the molecular weight distribution of organic matter in a lake in the Taihu Basin.The results show that a great majority of the raw water was characterized by low molecular weight of dissolved organic matter,in which the organic matter with a molecular weight of lower than 1 k Dalton accounted for 36.1% of the total DOC.The organic matter with high molecular weight in the water could be effectively removed by the conventional treatment.For the organic matter with molecular weight of higher than 10 k Dalton,especially,the removal rate reached 32.7% or higher,whereas there was a low removal rate for the organic matter with low molecular weight,in which the organic matter with molecular weight of lower than 1 k Dalton increased by 12.6%.The organic matter with low molecular weight could be effectively removed using the PES membrane technology.For the organic matter with molecular weight of lower than 10 k Dalton,especially,the removal rate reached 76.4%,and the values of UV254 and SUVA decreased by 22.0% and 11.2%,respectively,with the PES membrane treatment,relative to the sand infiltration technology.The PVDF membrane technology could be used to effectively remove most organic matter with different molecular weights,and it was more effective when removing the organic matter with high molecular weight than that with low molecular weight.The values of UV254 and SUVA decreased by 28.81% and 6.29%,respectively,with PVDF membrane treatment,relative to the sand infiltration technology.


Logung Reservoir is located in the Logung River and Gajah River. The upstream is in the Muria Mountains. The main dam of Logung Reservoir is in Tanjungrejo Village, Jekulo Sub-District, Kudus Regency, Central Java. The main purpose of Logung Reservoir in addition to being a flood control infrastructure is to meet the water needs of Logung Irrigation Area of 2.805 Ha and to fulfill the raw water of 200 liters/second for the people of Jekulo and Dawe Districts. This research is intended to obtain the most optimal operation pattern of the reservoir through a reservoir release formula using the Implicitly Stochastic Dynamic Programming method through a more effective and more reliable release policy. The reservoir release formula was then simulated to meet the needs during the 25 year operating period. From the results of optimization and simulation modelling, it showed that the reliability level of reservoirs in meeting irrigation and raw water needs is 80,33%, reservoir resilience is 52,54% and reservoir vulnerability throughout the simulation period is 52,51 million m3.


Social Security Rights Act - Requires that procedures be established for the expedited replacement of undelivered benefit checks. Requires that decisions (and reconsiderations) on initial benefit claims be made within 90 days. Requires that payment of benefits on approved claims begin no later than the day regularly fixed for delivery of benefits checks in the second month following the month in which the claim was approved.


The only substantial collection of decorated chalcolithic pottery discovered in Central Anatolia by Ian Todd during his survey in the years 1964–6 is described here. Background to the survey is given by Todd (1980: 9–12) who recognized the importance of these sherds (Todd 1967: 12; 1980: 56, 151 n. 37). They are of sufficient interest to merit presentation here, in advance of the full publication of Todd's survey pottery which is being prepared by the author. I must express my thanks to Ian Todd for generously passing on his notes and encouraging me to work on the material, to Helen Boyd for the drawings, Tuǧrul Çakar for the photographs and David French for his invaluable advice.


A number of held observations in the hinterland of the Eastern Jura Mountains support the concept of large-scale decoupling of the frontal-Alpine sedimentary wedge («Fernschub»); these include the presence of regionally important shear zones in the basal Triassic evaporites. These shear zones tend to be localized in pure halite and anhydrite layers. Despite low paleotemperatures (ca. 75-150°C) and high bulk strain rates (ca. 5.1O −14 to 2.10 −13 s −1 ), anhydrite has been deformed by crystal plasticity and grain boundary sliding processes. The low viscosity in the crystal plasticity held originates from an early onset of grain boundary migration at T/Tm ≤ 0.21 which is probably triggered by pore fluids (fluid enhanced flow)


The study aims to evaluate the agronomical performance of new superior varieties of rice in irrigated fields cultivated through the Integrated Crop Management approach and the feasibility of the farming system. The research was carried out in Koya Barat, a region in District Muara Tami, Jayapura City, Papua Province in April-October 2019. The research used a single factor randomised block design with four new superior rice varieties as treatment afived 5 replications. The varieties were Inpari 36, Inpari 37, Inpari 43, and Ciherang. The data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by DMRT to determine the differences between treatments. The R/C ratio, marginal B/C analysis and the break-even point (BEP) were analysed to determine the economic feasibility. The results showed that the performance of each variety varied following their genetic traits. The highest rice production was obtained from Inpari 37 variety (6.86 t/ha), while Ciherang produced the lowest yield (4.34 t/ha). Inpari 37 and Inpari 43 provided higher profit compared to Ciherang and Inpari 36 with R/C values of 3.43 and 3.42, respectively. The highest market acceptance of Inpari 37 was valued at IDR 29,498,000 followed by Inpari 43 at Rp 29,412,000, then Ciherang at IDR 18,662,000 and lastly, the Inpari 36 at IDR 25,542,000. Economically, rice farming is feasible to be developed because it has an R/C ratio of> 1. The irrigated rice farming in Jayapura City is profitable with a rate of around 2.42 % of the total cost spent.


A virtual prototype model of a vehicle model was built in ADAMS/Car,and the simulation model was verified by curve driving to test its accuracy.Then the sideslip and yaw fuzzy control co-simulation model of vehicle stability in Matlab/Simulink was established.The fishhook test simulation results show that active yaw control is an effective way to control vehicle stability during driving process.


During the last year, as opportunity was afforded, the writer has had under investigation a Cambro-Ordovician section in southwestern Virginia, not only as a contribution to our knowledge of the geology of this section of Virginia, but more especially for the purpose of correlation, if possible, with the standard section north. In connection with this work the discovery was made that the Athens shale abounds in graptolites. The determination of some thirty or more species and varieties shows that the majority, if not all, are the same as those which characterize the Normanskill shale of New York. As the paper on the entire Cambro-Ordovician section will not appear for some months, this occurrence is thought of sufficient moment to warrant the publication of this note in advance. A number of papers have appeared in recent years discussing the Normanskill graptolite fauna and the correlation of the shales containing it. The literature on the subject shows that the formation has, from time to time, been referred to every possible position from the Hudson River formation to the Chazy. In 1901, however, Dr. Ruedemann showed' that the slate which contains this fauna in the Hudson River region underlies the Utica slate, and correlated it with the lower or middle Trenton. This correlation, based almost entirely on paleontologic evidence, is in general accordance with the views held by R. R. Gurley, H. M. Ami, and Charles Lapworth. Later, in 1903, Weller found the fauna in New Jersey, and, from his study of the beds containing it, concluded that they are about equivalent to the middle portion of the


We propose a unified view to deal with two formulations of image distortion and a method for estimating the distortion parameters for both of the formulations; So far the formulations have been developed separately. The proposed method is based on image registration and consists of nonlinear optimization to estimate parameters including view change and radial distortion. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can deal with the two formulations simultaneously.


This study examines the dynamic testing of masonry arch bridges to determine structural condition. Three masonry arch bridges were tested using seismometers and LVDTs to measure the responses. The bridges were loaded using calibration trucks, random traffic, and a drop-weight device. The use of vibration velocities, intensities, and frequencies were used to determine the condition of the bridges. The vibration studies are simple to conduct, but the longitudinal crack present in the Stony Brook Bridge was undetected by the vibration testing. The other two structures showed very large vibrations in a structure with no visible damage. These vibrations could indicate large cracks in the structure causing a separation of the arch ring. This shows the promise of using vibration testing to determine the position of localized damage in less complex masonry arch bridges. (A) For the covering abstract, see IRRD E100543.


Filing and protection of electronic students'registration is a new topic of records management work.The paper mainly explains the filing ways of electronic students' registration in colleges and universities,and analyzes protection of electronic students'registration,which should start with the following three aspects: perfect of law system,information protection,environmental protection.


Information and knowledge are essential resources for businesses to maintain their competitiveness and to constantly develop further. Knowledge Management (KM) enables companies to develop their activities by having the right information at the right time, as well as by offering the tools to manage the skills and knowledge of the personnel. The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the status of Knowledge Management practices in large companies. The empirical study was carried out in spring 2014 as a web-based questionnaire survey, which was targeted to Finland's 50 biggest companies. Results of the study provide direction for the development of Knowledge Management practices in large companies.


In this study, resonance enhancement of giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect in Fe-based Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 glass-coated microwires was investigated. A new method was adopted by sputtering a copper layer in the outside of the Fe-based glass-coated wire. A capacitance forms between the ferromagnetic core and outer copper layer, where the glass insulator works as a dielectric layer. Therefore, the composite wire forms an LC resonance circuit (which consists of an inductor, represented by the letter L, and a capacitor, presented by the letter C) itself, resulting in an increase of GMI ratio from 250% to 330%. Meanwhile, the influence of resonance frequency on the GMI effect was discussed.


Counseling psychologists and school counselors share some similarities in their history, training, and experiences. Although these similarities have fostered a common interest in educational and developmental interventions among children and some shared theoretical language, there remains several hurdles to effectively collaborating created by the significant differences in these two professions.


The lactase enzyme is a disaccharidase located in the brush border(microvilli) of enterocyte in small intestine of mammalian.Lactase deficiency is worldwide disease,which can affect the population about 2/3 in the world and high up to 95%~100% in Asia.LD can result in lactose malAbsorption and even a series of clinical manifestation of lactose intolerance,which will be the great threaten to people′s health.This article reviews progresses of LD about its molecular biology.


This paper analyzes the influence of the reactive power and power factor measurement by the distortion waveform.Points out the accuracy evaluation of true reactive power and the total harmonic distortion measurement problems.


The first necessary condition for the onset of an earthquake is the penetration of explosive gas into an explosive zone as a result of physical or chemical reaction. The second necessary condition is to ensure the subsequent propagation of the flame after ignition. The latter condition has made it possible to explain the impact of a cyclone on the emergence of 42 strongest earthquakes in the 21st century. If violation of this condition can be achieved with the help of vibrators or explosions, this will result in a decrease in the magnitude of an earthquake or even a complete prevention of earthquakes. Thus, the second condition is essentially a "pressure lock" that opens (with a decrease in the pressure caused by a cyclone), which leads to an earthquake or closes (with an increase in the pressure caused by an anticyclone or human interference using vibrators or explosions), which leads to earthquake prevention. Kinetic equations of the 2nd type were used to describe chemical reactions and obtain formulas for the precursor time, which made it possible to describe earthquakes of the chemical channel. The set of experimental time values of the earthquake precursor described by the physical model includes about 20% of all earthquakes; 80% of earthquakes can be attributed to the chemical channel for earthquakes that occurred in Dushanbe in 1983. All earthquakes in Tiberias in June 2018 passed through the chemical channel, which can be concluded from the small magnitude of these earthquakes. Several proposals have been made, including: 1) creating a new sensor for the geochemical method, which allows determining the epicenter of a future earthquake; 2) creating a network of stations with a new sensor for determining the epicenter and an atmospheric pressure meter installed at each station (this will determine if the "pressure lock" is closed by an anticyclone, which can lead to a decrease in the magnitude of an earthquake or even prevent an earthquake); 3) installing vibrators in epicenters (or making daily explosions with explosives delivered by trucks, drones, airplanes or helicopters, which should lower the magnitudes of future dangerous earthquakes); 4) alerting the public to the expected future earthquake; 5) developing specialized vibrators for reducing the magnitude of an impending catastrophic earthquake. Thus, this article is a breakthrough, describing a new mechanism in earthquakes for understanding and theory of earthquakes, which are used for the vast majority of earthquakes, including for program to reduce the magnitude of dangerous earthquakes.


; Compared with the traditional 2000 and 7000 series a-luminum alloys, 1420 Al-Li alloy decreases density by 12% and increases Young's modulus(E) by 8% , and has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature properties. Laser welding, as a fast and efficient welding method, has a serious porosity formation tendency in welding 1420 Al-Li alloy. The possible mechanism of porosity formation in laser welding 1420 Al-Li alloy were systematically analyzed. It indicated that the surface impurity is main hydrogen source and must be cleaned up thoroughly. Moreover, alloy elements such as Mg and Li, not only increase the hydrogen solution capacity in weld pool, but also increase the instability of keyhole tip. In order to minimize this instability and improve fluidflow in weld pool appropriate penetration mode should be employed.


Characteristic growth processes were investigated by measuring cross-sectional areas of ice crystals for four 30 m snow cores drilled in Mizuho Plateau, Antarctica. Considerable difference was found in the growth rate of crystals between a temperature-gradient layer above 6 m depth and an isothermal layer below 10 m depth: the growth rate in the temperature-gradient layer was much larger than that in the isothermal layer. In the isothermal layer, temperature dependence of the growth rate K was expressed by an equation K = K 0 exp(−E/RT), where R and T are the gas constant and absolute temperature respectively. The apparent activation energy E is 44.7 kJ mol−1. On the other hand, in the temperature-gradient layer, the apparent activation energy was as small as 12 kJ mol−1: the difference was explained as due to the temperature gradient. Using the temperature profiles in snow that have been estimated from the meteorological data from several stations, the growth rates in the temperature-gradient layer were calculated. The calculated temperature dependence of the growth rates, taking into consideration vertical flux of water vapor between ice particles caused by the temperature gradient, showed good agreement with measured results. It is concluded that the growth process in the layer above 6 m depth is mainly due to vapor transport under the vertical temperature gradient.


Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been indicated as predictive biomarkers in breast cancer. We aimed to explore the association of plasma miRNA dynamics with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and disclose early markers for predicting sensitivity.


Output voltage value of AC high voltage source has usually been obtained by measuring the low arm voltage of high voltage divider or the secondary voltage of high voltage transformer. In this study, we have fabricated the AC 400 kV high voltage divider using high voltage electrode and electric field measurement sensor. The dividing ratio of the fabricated 400 kV high voltage divider was evaluated using reference 400 kV capacitive divider. The dividing ratio of 400 kV high voltage divider is found to be 12,322 and has the good linearity within 0.63 % against AC high voltage up to 400 kV. Therefore, the developed 400 kV high voltage divider could evaluate 400 kV high voltage supply and voltage divider used in industry.


The effect of boron addition on the dynamic strain aging behavior and elevated temperature mechanical properties has been investigated in a medium carbon steel. For this purpose, four steels with additions in the range 0 to 63 ppm. by wt. of boron were tensile tested at temperatures from ambient to 350 °C and at a strain rate of 1x10 -3 s -1 . The presence of serrated yielding, work hardening peaks, and minima in ductility was observed over certain ranges of temperature. These characteristics are attributed to dynamic strain aging. Boron addition is shown to be effective in controlling such aging, where higher boron contents lead to lower degrees of dynamic strain aging. These results are discussed in terms of recent models of dynamic strain aging.


Objective: To study the prevalence of reproductive tract infections of women with the age of 35-59 in Qiaozi and Huaibei town,and formulate measures of gynaecological diseases accordingly.Methods: Women with the age of 35-59 in Qiaozi and Huaibei town were selected for the reproductive tract infection examinations.Participating women were provided with gynecological pelvic examination,vaginal secretion examination and cervical exfoliative cytology examination,all the participants in the personnel training were given the unified examination and the united questionnaire.Results: The prevalence rate of gynaecological diseases was 57.54%,with the chronic cervicitis rate was 36.01%(1 474/4 093),the rate of vaginitis was 16.14%(661/4 093),the rate of uterine fibroids was 7.87%(322/4 093),the rate of ovarian cyst was 1.95%(80/4 093),the rate of pelvic inflammation was 1.39%(57/4 093).The highest prevalence rate of reproductive tract infection of the 40-44 age group was 65.92%,while the lowest prevalence rate of reproductive tract infection of the 55-59 age group was 39.27%.The prevalence rate of vaginitis in the plain was higher than that in the mountain town(χ2=35.44,P0.01).Conclusion: Strengthening publicity,developing good personal hygiene habits in women,establishing safe sex,early identification of signs and symptoms of infection,early medical treatment and standardized treatment are the important measures to prevent reproductive tract infections,reduce cervical cancer occurrence and improve life quality of women.


For the output feedback control problem of a T‐S fuzzy system, an H∞ observer‐controller synthesis method is proposed. First, with parallel distributed compensation fuzzy observer and controller, an augmented error system is obtained. Based on Lyapunov function approaches, system stability and robust conditions are achieved. Then, by dividing the non‐convex conditions into observer‐dominant and controller dominant parts, the conditions are converted into convex form to facilitate the numerical solving process. Also, input saturation and system measurement disturbance are considered in the synthesis procedure. Finally, a numerical and a vessel control example are adopted to make comparisons with existing methods, with the results clearly showing the conservatism reduction effects and good control performance of the proposed method.


This article presents test results of a recent study on the axial compressive behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymer–confined compound concrete–filled thin steel tubes. The usage of compound concrete, which is a mixture of fresh concrete and large pieces of recycled concrete lumps, can recycle waste concrete in a simple but effective way. Totally, three series of tests were conducted, with the parameters including the relative strength between fresh concrete and recycled concrete lumps, the volumetric percentage (i.e. mix ratio) of recycled concrete lumps, the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the steel tubes, and the thickness of the fibre-reinforced polymer jackets being investigated. The stress–strain curves of the steel tube and compound concrete core were derived and the effects of different parameters were then examined and discussed. An existing stress–strain curve model of fibre-reinforced polymer–confined normal concrete-filled steel tubes was also found performing well in predicting the behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymer–confined compound concrete-filled steel tubes.


Nickel-based alloys are widely used in industries such as the aircraft industry, chemicals, power generation, and others. Their stable mechanical properties in combination with high resistance to aggressive environments at high temperatures make these materials suitable for the production of components of devices and machines intended for operation in extremely difficult conditions, e.g. in aircraft engines. This paper presents the results of thermal and mechanical tests performed on precision castings made of the Inconel 713C alloy and intended for use in the production of low pressure turbine blades. The tests enabled the determination of the nil strength temperature (NST), the nil ductility temperature (NDT), and the ductility recovery temperature (DRT) of the material tested. Based on the values obtained, the high temperature brittleness range (HTBR) and the hot cracking resistance index were determined. Metallographic examinations were conducted in order to describe the cracking mechanisms. It was found that the main cracking mechanism was the partial melting of grains and subsequently the rupture of a thin liquid film along crystal boundaries as a result of deformation during crystallisation. Another cracking mechanism identified was the DDC (Ductility Dip Cracking) mechanism. The results obtained provide a basis for improving precision casting processes for aircraft components and constitute guidelines for designers, engineers, and casting technologists.


In terms of evidence of the strong links between occupational risks, training needs, and quality, research on the occupational risks and their consequences to the general wellbeing of public health inspectors has been very limited, despite the fact that the nature of the work presents a range of threats to physical and psychological health. The aim of this study was to report the risks presented to public health inspectors (PHIs') and to investigate their possible relationships with training needs. The study was a cross-sectional, nationwide investigation in Greece, conducted in one phase during the third quarter of 2021. For data collection, an online survey was created, and the web link was distributed to respondents by email. A number of participants were contacted, providing N = 185 responses, which accounted for 27% (185/684) of the population under study. Job risks were measured using a novel instrument, classification, a checklist for risk assessment, and an instrument was developed for measuring training needs and training quality. The findings indicated that 87% of participants provided high ratings in response to psychosocial risks and ergonomic risks, followed by 78% for organizational risks and 74% for biological risks. Physical risks and chemical risks were 55% and 56%, respectively. For organizational risks (β = −0.282, p = 0.001) and perceived training quality (β = 0.195, p = 0.002), 65.41% reported high training requirements. PHIs face a variety of job risks, these findings were among the first to address the occupational health and safety of PHIs worldwide. Adding new information to PHI occupational health and safety could be used to advance the quality of public health services provision.


Accurate software work estimates is essential to the planning, management, and execution of a successful project on schedule and within budget. The necessity for accurate software work estimates is something that will never go away since both overestimation and underestimate provide substantial barriers to the development of additional software (SEE). Research and practise are aimed at finding the machine learning estimating technique that is most successful for a given set of criteria and data. This is the goal of the research and practise. Most academics working in a particular subject are not aware of the findings of previous studies that investigated different approaches to effort estimate in machine learning. The primary purpose of this investigation is to aid researchers working in the field of software development by assisting them in determining which method of machine learning produces the most promising effort estimate accuracy prediction.


The new challenges posed by the pandemic and digital transformation would require a reimagination of how we structure our current economy and address our future manpower needs. Globalization has transformed our lives and society. Additionally, the fourth industrial revolution will change the world dramatically. The impact will be far greater than its three predecessors. Specifically, many existing jobs, traditional universities, technologies, and industries, will be affected, and some may even disappear. Together with the pandemic, they will accelerate the pace of digital transformation and create new opportunities. In this new era, the relationship between university and industry could take new forms. Their collaboration plays an increasingly important role in creating new frontiers, ideas, knowledge, and growth areas. Therefore, higher education is no longer about knowledge creation and transfer. It must integrate global perspectives into its teaching and research mission to remain relevant and competitive.


Objective: To evaluate the reasonableness of prescription for treatment of hypertension outpatients at the examination department of Hau Nghia Regional General Hospital - Long An. Objects and methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective, non-intervention descriptive studies on 180  patients who came to examine and treat hypertension at the examination department, stored on the software of the Hau Nghia Regional General Hospital - Long An. Results: All cases of patients using angiotensin inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, AT1 receptor inhibitors were used at the correct dose and the correct number of times a day. In the case of mandatory indications, all patients with comorbidities had a reasonable indication of 100%, only patients with myocardial infarction and diabetes had reasonable indications of 94.74% and 94.12% respectively. The majority of treatment regimens were correctly applied on the specific patient. The rational use rate of prescription regimen was 95.51%, 2-drug regimen was 95.45% and that of 3-drug regimen reached 100%. There were no violations of contraindications in the use of therapeutic regimens. Conclusion: The use of hypertension drugs all had reasonable indications, achieving a high rate, there was no violation of contraindications in the use of treatment regimens.


The well-defined, thermosensitive and biodegradable graft copolymers, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-[2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-poly(e-caprolactone)]n (PNIPAAm-b-(HEMA-PCL)n) (n = 3 or 9), were synthesized by combining reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and macromonomer method. The copolymers were able to self-assemble into micelles in water with low critical micellar concentration and demonstrated temperature sensitivity with a lower critical solution temperature at around 36 °C. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the micelles exhibit a nanosized spherical morphology within a size range of 30–100 nm. The PNIPAAm-b-(HEMA-PCL)3 copolymer exhibited biodegradation and low cytotoxicity. The paclitaxel-loaded PNIPAAm-b-(HEMA-PCL)3 micelles displayed thermosensitive controlled release behavior, which indicates potential as drug carriers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5354–5364, 2007


The paradigm shift in teaching and learning strategies has been a great challenge to every educator at present. The modern approach to teaching is utilized in order to prepare students to meet the needs of every industry in the global contex t. As a part of the change, this study utilizes Differentiated Instruction using the Tiered as a methodological approach to learning. It determined the performance of the students on several measures and tested for the significant difference between the scores of the two groups. The respondents of this study were BS in Fisheries students from Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University-South La Union Campus. Two groups were randomly chosen, assigned as experimental group (N=30) and control group (N=30), and were matched according to their IQ. Pre-test, posttest, chapter test, and rubric-assessed outputs were used to assess the respondents' performance. Frequency count, percentage, mean and t-test were employed to treat the data. The findings of the study showed significant improvement on the performance of the two groups in their posttest, chapter test, and in the outputs. The experimental group, however, performed better than the control group in the different performance measure. This implies that Differe ntiated instruction using Tiered Learning is an effective approach in the teaching and learning of Chemistry.


【Objective】The objective of the study was to analyse the changes of texture properties of 'Huahong' apple during storage,the texture properties of different apple varieties by using texture profile analysis.【Method】The flesh texture properties of 'Huahong' apples(bagged and non-bagged)and six different apple varieties('Hanfu','Huahong','Huaping','Starking','Gala' and 'Tsugaru') were studied bytexture profile analysis(TPA),and the correlation among the textures was analysed.【Result】The texture properties of 'Huahong 'apple(bagged and non-bagged) had the similar variation trend.The hardness and chewiness had the same decreasing trend,and the cohesiveness,springiness,resilience and adhesivenesshad little change during the storage at ambient temperature.The flesh texture properties of non-bagged 'Huahong' were a little higher than the bagged,but no significant differences.Correlation analysis showed that the flesh hardness of 'Huahong' apple had positive correlation with chewiness,the springiness had positive correlation with cohesiveness and resilience,but had negative correlation with adhesiveness.Resilience had positive correlation with cohesiveness and springiness.The hardness of different apple varieties had positive correlation with springiness and chewiness,resilience had significant positive correlation with cohesiveness,chewiness was positively correlated with springiness.The texture properties of the six apple varieties had been compared quantitatively by using TPA test.Based on the above,theone or more texture properties of hardness,chewiness,cohesiveness,springiness,resilience could be evaluated as the fruit texture of'Huahong' and used to distinguish the differences among six apple varieties as the important parameter.【Conclusion】In conclusion,texture profile analysis could exactly reflect the changes of the texture parameters of 'Huahong' during storage and could be used as a new method tocompare the fruit texture differences of the different cultivars.


The German "dual system" vocational education emphasized importance of practice in higher education. Two types of the German "dual system" vocational education were compared and analyzed in the article. And it was enlightened to explore and build specially training model of engineering college, basing on understanding well the features of the German "dual system" vocational education.


Objective:To investigate effect on L type calcium currents of fosinopril late preconditioning in ventricular myocytes during anoxia/reoxygenation period.Methods:Using whole-patch clamp cinefiguration in isolated adult guinea pig ventricular myocytes with an enzymatic procedure the L-type calcium current were measured before and after ischemic application of each group respectively.Results:Under the condition of reoxygenation,the peak of I_ Ca-L reduced significantly(-237.71±17.70 pA vs.-286.00±21.15 pA,P=0.0006,n=7) and I_ Ca-L Ⅰ~Ⅴ curve shifted to upper.After fosinopril preconditioning,the peak of I_ Ca-L insignificantly reduced compared to control(-265.57±20.20 PA vs.-286.00±21.15 pA,P=0.089,n=7),but compared with reperfusion group its difference to reperfusion group was significant(P=0.018),its I_ Ca-L Ⅰ~Ⅴ curve shifted to under.Conclusion:Fosinopril can stabilize L type calcium currents in myocytes during anoxia/reoxygenation,so possess the protective effect for ventricular myocytes.


—The world of High-Performance Computing (HPC) currently stands on the edge of the ExaScale . The supercomputers are growing ever more powerful, requiring power-efficient components and ever smarter tool-suites to operate them. One of the key features of those frameworks will be their ability to monitor and predict the behavior of executed applications to optimize resources utilization, and abide by the operating constraints, notably on power consumption. In this context, this article presents Phase-TA , an offline tool which detects and characterizes the inherent periodicities of iterative HPC applications, with no prior knowledge of the latter. To do so, it analyzes the evolution of several performance counters at the scale of the compute node, and infers patterns representing the identified periodicities. As a result, Phase-TA offers a non-intrusive mean to gain insights on the processor use associated with an application, and paves the way to predicting its behavior. Phase-TA was tested on a panel of 3 applications and benchmarks from the supercomputing field: HPCG , NEMO , and OpenFoam . For all of them, periodicities, accountable for on average 78% of their execution time, were detected and repre- sented by accurate patterns. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that there is no need to analyze the whole profile of an application to precisely characterize its periodic behaviors. Indeed, an extract of the aforementioned profile is enough for Phase-TA to infer representative patterns on-the-fly, opening the way to energy- efficiency optimization through Dynamic Voltage-Frequency Scaling (DVFS).


INTRODUCTION: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute anterior circulation stroke is an already established therapy. Recently, MT has been also increasingly utilized for basilar artery occlusion (BAO); the mainstay of MT modalities are stent retriever (SR) and direct aspiration (DA). Several studies have been recently published comparing the two approaches. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. RESULTS: Overall, eight studies comprising 693 patients with acute BAO were included (SR: 457; DA: 236). The SR group was associated with statistically significant lower odds for successful recanalization defined as modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b/3 (SR:81.9%, DA: 88.2%; OR:0.54; 95%CI:0.31-0.94; I2:0%) and mTICI 3 (SR: 51%, DA: 62.5%; OR:0.47; 95%CI:0.23-0.95; I2:62.1%) compared to DA. Favorable outcome rates defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) = 2, were similar between the two groups (SR: 37.8%, DA: 41.9%; OR:0.83; 95%CI: 0.60-1.16; I2:0%). The rates of symptomatic ICH (sICH) were higher in the SR group compared to the DA group (SR: 8.7% vs DA: 0.9%, however statistical significance was not reached OR: 3.57; 95%CI: 0.75-16.95; I2:0%). Similarly, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (SR: 5%, DA:0%; OR:4.71; 95%CI: 0.82-26.90; I2:0%) and vessel perforation (SR: 3.4%, DA: 1.1%; OR: 2.64; 95%CI: 0.43-16.33; I2:0%) rates were higher in the SR group but again significance was not reached. The rates of 90-day mortality were similar between the two groups (SR: 27.5%, DA: 28.1%; OR: 1.07; 95%CI: 0.67-1.70; I2:0%). Procedure duration was significantly shorter when DA was used compared to SR (WMD: 26.10;95%CI:13.28-38.92; I2:35.3%). CONCLUSION: DA is associated with statistically significant higher odds of successful mTICI 2b/3 and mTICI 3 recanalization rates and shorter procedure duration compared to SR. In addition, in absolute numbers, SR was associated with higher rates of sICH, SAH and vessel perforation, however, statistical significance was not reached most likely due to the relatively low sample size.


The techniques, solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography, have been successfully applied to the extraction of volatile and semi-volatile drugs from biological samples. However, SPME applications to ionizable compounds have been limited, because of the neutral charge of commercial SPME coatings, which results in low phase/sample partition coefficient and poor analytes recoveries. Thus, the evaluation of new SPME extraction phases, more selective, stable and low cost has been requested. The interest in the use of conductive polymers as an SPME extraction phase is related to the different interactions of the analytes (hydrophobic, π π, ion exchange and acid-base) with the multifunctional groups on this polymer. The polymerization procedure can be achieved by chemical oxidation or electropolymerization in aqueous solution or organic solvents. The electrochemical method has advantages such as, the polymer or a mixes of polymers can be directly deposited on a metal wire, different functional groups can be incorporated, polymerization can be electrochemically controlled by cyclic voltammetry. This work presents some practical aspects involved in the electropolimerization of conductive polymers (polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline and polyphenylpyrrole) on metal wire to development of new SPME extraction phase for SPME/LC and SPME/CG analyses.