This study investigates the impact of ownership structure on the extent of voluntary disclosure by Malaysian listed firms over the volatile time period 1996 to 2006. During this period of time, the onset of the 1997 Asian financial crisis and global corporate scandals resulted in major institutional and environmental changes. The nature of these regulatory reforms clearly impacted on firm management's incentives to voluntarily disclose more information in annual reports. The results show that the average level of voluntary disclosure is generally low although there is an increase in the extent of voluntary disclosure exhibited by Malaysian firms over the eleven-year time period. Controlling for firm size, leverage and profitability, the empirical results show that ownership concentration is positively associated with voluntary disclosure. The positive association of high ownership concentration may reflect the firms' choice to disclose more information as a governance initiative to enhance transparency. Institutional and foreign ownership have motivation to disclose in excess of mandatory requirements. The findings imply that the presence of institutional and foreign investors in a firm pushes firms to voluntarily disclose more information in annual reports. Such enhanced disclosure practice should be encouraged in order to attract funds from such investors both locally and abroad.


Gastrointestinal Brunner's Glands are located at the pyloric junction of the stomach and duodenum. They function to secrete sodium barcarbonate to neutralize stomach acid and prevent damage to the intestinal epithelium. To date, a great deal is known about the ways in which Brunner's glands participate in ion transport and production of secreted factors, such as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ligands. It is also known that the Brunner's Glands develop largely postnatally, but nothing is known about the factors that influence their development. Hamartomas of the Brunner's Glands are known to arise in humans, as well as in mice that lack the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Negative Regulator Lrig1, so understanding normal Brunner's Gland development may be critical to our understanding of how cancer in this gland could arise. We sought to provide the first significant developmental molecular characterization of this critical gastrointestinal gland. In this study we demonstrate that Brunner's Glands arise from Lrig1‐expressing stem cells, using lineage tracing from Lrig1‐CreERT2/+;R26R‐YFP/+ mice. In addition, we examined mice lacking the transcription factor SAM Pointed Domain Containing ETS Transcription Factor (Spdef) at postnatal days 1–14 and show that Brunner's glad epithelial cells have lost their secretory phenotype and have abnormal differentiation.


Objective: The fermentation conditions in shaking flasks of Bacillus subtilis DB104∕pWB-pemp producing Penicillinase were investigated.Method:The fermentation in shaking flasks was studied by Single-factor comparative experiments and orthogonal experiments.The effects of different concentration of carbon source,nitrogen source,metal ion,phosphate and different initial pH,inoculums,medium volume and temperature on Penicillinase synthesis were studied.Result:The optimal fermentation conditions in shaking flasks were as followed:initial pH 7.0,inoculums size 3%,medium volume 14%,temperature 37℃,sucrose 2%,yeast extract 3.5%,magnesium ions 0.1mmol/L,phosphate 0.4%.Conclusion:Under these conditions,enzyme activities of Penicillinase reached 2 227.8U/mL,which was 1.41 times of before result(1 580 U/mL).These laid a foundation for large scale fermentation production of recombinant bacterium.


The diphosphido-bridged diiron clusters syn-[{μ2-P(CH2Fc)H}2Fe2(CO)6] (2a) and anti-/syn-[{μ2-P(CH2Fc)Me}2Fe2(CO)6] (3), containing covalently linked ferrocenyl (Fc) groups, were synthesized in order to explore the effect of having a redox-active ligand bound to a Fe2P2 core as in the covalently linked Fe4S4-{μ2-S(Cys)}-Fe2S2 cofactor of [FeFe]-hydrogenases. The X-ray crystal structure of 2a shows an Fe–Fe bond length of 2.630(1) A and confirms that the two P–H bonds of the bridging 1°-phosphido groups are parallel and are separated by 2.683(2) A. Cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry studies revealed that 2a, unusually, undergoes one-electron reduction at −2.18 V (vs Fc+/Fc) to give the anion [{μ2-P(CH2Fc)}{μ2-P(CH2Fc)H}Fe2(CO)6]– ([2a – H]–), which was independently obtained by deprotonation of 2a with excess 1,8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene (DBU). The reduction proceeds through the radical anion 2a′•– intermediate, which was detected by X-band EPR spectroscopy in situ during electrolysis. The forma...


The 2020 11th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (ICEST 2020) was held as virtual conference during November 19-21, 2020 due to recent pandemic. The decision to hold the virtual conference was made by conference committees in compliance with many travel restrictions and regulations that were imposed by countries all over the world. The health and safety of our participants and members is top priority to the conference organization. Therefore, worldwide participants have attended this online conference by zoom application and finished their oral presentations successfully. Conducted by the organizing committees in Beijing, there are around 70 participants in total and they are from UK, Indonesia, Australia, Canada, Japan, Romania, China, Thailand and so on. ICEST 2020 is supported by Beijing Normal University (BNU), Xiamen University of Technology (XMUT), International Society for Environmental Information Sciences (ISEIS), South-South Collaborative and Sustainable Development Center (SSCSDC), and Fujian Smart City Association (FSCA). This three-day conference focused on the research fields in environmental science and technology. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and development activities in environmental science and technology. Another goal is to promote scientific information interchange among researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in China and abroad. During the conference, the conference model was divided into mainly two parts, including keynote speakers and oral presentations. In the first part, we invited internationally well-known experts to deliver speeches as keynote speakers. They are Prof. Yongping Li from Beijing Normal University, China; Assoc. Prof. Farhad Shahnia from Murdoch University, Australia; Prof. Guilin Zheng from Wuhan University, China; Prof. Wei-Jen Lee from University of Texas at Arlington, USA; Assoc. Prof. S. M. Muyeen from Curtin University, Australia; Prof. Zhijun Peng from University of Bedfordshire, UK. In the second part, each scholar was given 12 minutes to perform their oral presentation and 3 minutes for Q&A. All papers presented at the 2020 11th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (ICEST 2020) are included in this volume, which contains four chapters with topics: (1) Hydrology and Water Resources Management, (2) Solid Waste Treatment and Soil Pollution Assessment, (3) Energy Saving and Emission Reduction, (4) Building Climatology and Bioclimatology. All papers are subjected to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers are selected based on high quality and high relevancy to the conference scope. We would like to express our gratitude to all individuals and organizations who supported the ICEST 2020. Their helps and contributions are of great importance to the success of this conference. In addition, we would like to thank the organizing committee for its valuable inputs in shaping the conference program and reviewing the submitted papers. We sincerely hope that the ICEST 2020 turned out to be a forum for excellent discussions that enabled new ideas to come about and promoted collaborative research works. We are sure that the proceedings will serve as an important research source of references and knowledge, which will lead to not only scientific and engineering findings but also new products and technologies. Yongping Li Beijing Normal University, China Dec. 16, 2020 Committees, Conference Chairs, Technical Program Committee, Guest Editors, Organizing Committee, Contact Chair, Technical Members, are available in the pdf


The models of decagonal Al 72 Ni 20 Co 8 quasicrystal with the space group of P 10 5 / mmc were refined on the basis of single crystal x-ray diffraction data set using the 5D description. The results of a structure model derived from Al 13 Fe 4 -type approximant crystal and Burkov model are compared. The former gives ω R =0.045 and R =0.063 for 449 reflections with 103 parameters and a resonable chemical composition of Al 71.2 TM 28.8 (TM=transition metals). The projected structure in consistent with high resolution images of this material. On the other hand, the latter gives ω R =0.161 and R =0.193 for 55 parameters and a compositon of Al 64.6 TM 35.1 .


Vietnam is a country with a high environmental and climate risk and agriculture remains the key sector that employs rural households. In this study, we analyze the association between two risks (environmental and climate) and food security of rural households. Food security is understood in all its four dimensions (availability, accessibility, diversity and stability) through composit index. In addition, we deal with endogeneity concern of some risk variables (deforestation and pollution), which could hinder these links, using control function method by Wooldridge (2015). Our identification strategy is implemented with data from the three latter VHLSS waves (2010 to 2014) and high resolution georeferenced data for risks variables. Results show that climate and environmental risk are among the main factors that slowed down Vietnamese rural households' ability to achieve a better nutritional status in all its dimensions and the magnitude and significance of this link depends on the nature of the risk on the one hand and the dimension of food security considered on the other. Then, political intervention is needed to make rural households more resilient to these risk factors.


The radiation of sound from the mouth of a speaker is often described using a plane piston assumption. This is
satisfactory as long as the wavelength is longer than the largest transverse dimension of the vocal tract. For shorter
wavelengths, higher order acoustical modes can propagate and the particle velocity field in the mouth exit plane
can be nonuniform. As a consequence, the plane piston assumption does not hold and a more accurate description
of the particle velocity distribution at the mouth exit is necessary. This can be achieved using the multimodal
theory which allows one to account for higher order mode propagation. In order to study the influence of higher
order modes on the sound radiated from the mouth, four approximations of the vocal tract shape for the vowel [A]
are studied. The eccentricity of the junctions between the different portions of these geometries is used to control
the propagation of a higher order mode. The radiated sound is simulated and compared with the measurements
performed on mechanical replicas at various angles in the horizontal plane. It is observed that the propagation
of a higher order mode can strongly modify the directivity. Varying the degree of eccentricity of the junction
between the different sections shows that a very small eccentricity can induce the propagation of a higher order
mode. Reducing the size of the open end shows that higher order modes can affect the radiated sound even if the
radiating surface is small compared to the largest transverse dimension of the geometry.


Administration of pure oxygen to denervated dog heart-lung preparation subjected to hypothermia does not affect the temperature that induces terminal ventricular fibrillation even when the progressive alkalemia that occurs is prevented. It is concluded that hypoxia of the myocardium is not a factor in the terminal cardiac arrest that supervenes in hypothermia of the heart-lung preparation.


Nanoparticles of CoFe2O4 and CoIn0.15Fe1.85O4 ferrites were prepared by citrate gel route and characterized to understand their structural, electrical, and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the formation of single phase cubic spinel structure. The average grain sizes from the Scherrer formula were below 50 nm. Microstructural features were obtained by scanning electron microscope and compositional analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy. The hysteresis curve shows enhancement in coercivity while reduction in saturation magnetization with the substitution of In3+ ions. Enhancement of coercivity is attributed to the transition from multidomain to single domain nature. Electrical properties, such as dc resistivity as a function of temperature and ac conductivity as a function of frequency and temperature were studied for both the samples. The activation energy derived from the Arrhenius equation was found to increase in the doped sample. The dielectric cons...


Strike incidence equations are estimated for manufacturing strikes in Ireland from 1960 to 1989 using both Poisson and negative binomial regression models. A number of alternative business cycle measures are specified. The pro-cyclicity of strikes is confirmed in all cases and is invariant to the measurement of the cyclical component. The numerical size of the cyclical effect on strike activity is, however, quite small.


The effects of different salinity levels on some blood parameters of Tilapia guineensis were tested. Adult and juvenile sizes were sampled from the wild of salinity 15‰ and transferred to the laboratory where they were exposed to different salinities level of 15‰, 10‰, 5‰, 0‰ for a period of 7 days. The exposure result in significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the values of haemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), and Thrombocytes (THMB); while the mean values of White Blood Cell (WBC), Erythrocyte sedimentation Rate (EST), Neutrophils (NEUT), Lymphocytes (LYMPH) and Monocytes (MON) increased significantly (P <0.05). These alterations were more pronounced in the adult than the juvenile fish. The results from this study, therefore suggest that variation in the salinity levels of the environment may impact negatively on the physiological and metabolic activities of T. guineensis as revealed in the changes observed in these blood parameters.


The magnetic resonance inductive coupling energy transfer from transmitter to receiver is designed in this project through magnetic inductive coupling. The transmitter sends energy through induction to the electrical devices from the transmitter to the receiver and then stores the energy in the batteries. Because the transmitter coil has a gap with the receiver coil. This wireless charging using two methods to show the output, first using the Taguchi Method and second using Superimposed Technique. The Result shows that output voltage must high than the input voltage and the same at secondary coil because using the same number of turns. The output voltage at the voltage regulator shows the output must in 5 Volts to charging the mobile phone with high efficiency.


The recent development of big data-oriented wireless technologies in terms of emerging 5G, edge computing, interconnected devices of the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics, as well as techniques, have enabled connected healthcare services for a happier and healthier life. Although, the quality of the healthcare services can be enhanced through big data-oriented wireless technologies, however, the challenges remain for not considering emotional care, especially for children, elderly, and mentally ill people. In this paper, we propose an emotion-aware connected healthcare system using a powerful emotion detection module. Different IoT devices are used to capture speech and image signals of a patient in a smart home scenario. These signals are used as the input to the emotion detection module. Speech and image signals are processed separately, and classification scores using these signals are fused to produce a final score to take a decision about the emotion. If the emotion is detected as pain, caregivers can visit the patient. Several experiments were performed to validate the proposed system, and good accuracies, up to 99.87%, were achieved for emotion detection. The proposed framework would greatly contribute personalized and seamless emotion-aware healthcare services toward 5G.


Certain rare-earth elements, notably neodymium, praseodymium, erbium, and holmium, produce absorption bands in the visible region of the spectrum when present as trivalent ions in solutions or compounds In crystalline minerals these bands may be almost linelike and have a distribution pattern that is influenced by structure, composition, and optiealdirection. Bands of neodymium and praseodymium characterize cerium group minerals whereas bands of erbium and holmium commonly predominate in yttrium group minerals. Detection of the bands with a microspectroscope is invaluable for the recognition of minerals containing rare earths, but the variability of lanthanide content may preclude use of these bands for identification of individual species In metamict minerals that show absorption spectra the bands are broad and diffuse but sharpen noticeably after heating. Absorption spectra can be obtained from some minerals only after fusion with a suitable flux


Introduction: While it can be valuable to prescribe atmospheric dust distributions or dust lifting based on observations in order to produce a realistic global climate and circulation, the ultimate goal is to be able to predict the realistic variation of dustiness. Such predictive skill which signifies understanding of the underlying processes is vital for such applications as weather forecasting and the simulation of past climate epochs. Aspects of dust cycle simulation currently being explored include the effects of model resolution, the interaction between the dust, CO2 and water cycles, the impact of allowing surface regions to become depleted ('finite dust' simulations), and the potential impact of additional accelerations ('coupling term accelerations,' CTA) on wind stress patterns and hence the amount and timing of dust lifting. We will present results demonstrating the impact of finite surface dust and the CTA both separately and in combination on the dust cycles produced in a global atmospheric model, and the potential impact on predictability of major dust storms.


Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an unique B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with aggressive biological behavior, high malignancy, fast progress, bad reaction to the normal treatment, short remission after the standard treatment, which is still considered as the an incurable lymphoma type. The 59th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting covered progress of the new target exploration of MCL, the drug resistance study and the optimization of clinical trails. The paper discusses the progress of MCL treatment according to the meeting literatures.

Key words:
Lymphoma, mantle-cell; Drug resistance; Targeted therapy


On June 2, 2015, the Supreme Court of Virginia convened a special session to celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of the Court of Appeals of Virginia. This anniversary affords the opportunity to look back on the court's creation and to consider its evolution over the last three decades. The Supreme Court of Virginia served as the Commonwealth's sole appellate tribunal for the near entirety of its history.ous constitutions and statutes had provided for a special appellate court to serve as a sub-stitutionary court or to hear cases as assigned by the supreme court. constitution did not provide for such a court.


Need-based financial aid programs are often considered the backbone of national efforts to ensure college access for students regardless of their family background. The federal government is the largest provider of such aid, delivering $28 billion in Pell Grants and $47 billion in Stafford Loans to undergraduates in 2015–16 (Baum, Ma, Pender, & Welch, 2016). More than half of all undergraduates benefit from one of these two programs in a given academic year.1 Need-based aid, available to college students regardless of where they attend and without respect to prior achievement, is often discussed in contrast to merit-based aid, which is contingent upon students' academic performance.


This 15-year-old boy presented with an inability to open his left eye after being assaulted with a pencil. A small laceration was noted.


Abstract The quantum mechanical dynamic resonance due to dipole–dipole interaction is shown possibly to induce coherent modes of electrons within an ensemble of two-level systems or quantum dots. The physical origin of this coherence would naturally be postulated as the parity inheritance into a site being excited from another site being de-excited. An experimental spectrum suggestive of this dipole–dipole mode is also shown. This coherence is expected to be useful for quantum computing.


The author raises an actual topic – a counter-terrorism strategy. The main trends of governance in terrorism prevention are marked.


A vehicle lighting device (1, 2) has a monitoring device (1) for monitoring an environment of a vehicle (F) and at least one headlight (2), wherein a Lichtabstrahlmuster (M) is one of the headlight abstrahlbaren light beam (L1) to at least a detected by the monitoring device object (O) is adjustable, and wherein the headlight is a light generating means (6) having at least one semiconductor light source, a first reflector (8) for deflecting the light beam generated by the light generating means (L0), a first reflector optically downstream spatial light modulator (9) and a second reflector (10), wherein the surface light modulator is adapted to adjust the abstrahlbaren from the headlamp light beam to radiated to the light generating means (6) light beam (L0) imagewise pass from the first reflector to the second reflector or to have at least partially hide. The invention is for example applicable to vehicle lighting devices for motor vehicles such as passenger carriages, trucks, motorcycles, etc. The invention is particularly applicable for adjusting a passing beam, a main beam and / or a fog light.


While secondary alcohols and NAD+, and ketones and NADH react much slowly than the ethanol–acetaldehyde system in the presence of yeast and liver alcohol dehydrogenases, by starting near equilibriu...


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: To determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of a large cohort of patients with young onset dementia (YOD) (aged below 65), and whether they differ from older (age 65+) adults with dementia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Participants were New Zealanders who were assessed with International Residential Assessment Instrument (interRAI) assessments (including community-dwelling adults and those in long-term care) from 2016 to 2019 and had a diagnosis of dementia. Outcomes were sociodemographic and clinical characteristics captured in the interRAI assessment. Results: People with YOD were more likely to be male, of non-European ethnicity, and live in a dwelling other than a private home or be homeless. They were more likely to exhibit problematic behaviors and neuropsychiatric symptoms but were less frail and less dependent for activities of daily living. Financial strain and loneliness were more common in people with YOD. Carers of people with YOD were more likely to feel distress, anger, or depression, and families of people with YOD were more likely to feel overwhelmed. Conclusions: YOD patients have different needs than older adults with dementia. These differences must be considered by clinicians and organizations that provide care and support to people living with dementia.


19 insulin dependent diabetics were screefact, the one showing maximum damage was ned for psychiet ric symptomato]oey, and evi. a 38Year old pal"'". The damage in this dence of intellectual deficits and case may be due to duration of illness, (more damage by psychological tests. Results indichange for more hypoglycaemics attacks) Door (failure lo understand the cated that insulin dependent diabetics showed seriousness of the treatment and to recognise intellectual deficits SWgesting brain damage. the attack) and personality (a "don't care" This seems to be related to socioeconomic attitude). status and educational level. Further investiconsidering [he number of persons who gation on these lines using larger samples and have major insulin reactions, it is uncommon comparing with psychiatric and other organic to see evidence of permanent brain damage, illnesses seem warranted. Analysis of the scores on the various psychological tests.


A nonlocal analysis of the gradient drift instability is presented. The new effect included in this theory is the allowance for an inhomogeneous electric field which produces a sheared drift velocity. It is found that the velocity shear can stabilize the short wavelength modes of the instability, and preferentially excite a longer wavelength mode than would be expected based upon local theory. This result may explain the observations of dominant, long wavelength irregularities in the equatorial electrojet (Kudeki et al., 1982; Pfaff et al., 1982) and be relevant to the formation of auroral arc elements.


The study was performed on the development of system in which the bead width can be controlled. In order to control the bead width, we designed the automatic seam tracking device by attaching the probe type strain gauge sensor, motor driving slide and encoder to check the moving distance, and interface card connected MCU(80Cl96KC) upside the speed controllable carriage. Seam tracking experiments were done by changing the bead width. We compared and analyzed the sampling data which were obtained by output voltage of strain gauge sensor and rotary encoder pulse every 50ms.


The paper presents the Self-energizing ElectroHydraulic Brake (SEHB) with a non-linear controller, with focus on the design of the observer. The objective for designing a non-linear control algorithm for the innovative Self-energizing Electro-Hydraulic Brake (SEHB) is to obtain a controller that is insensitive concerning possible parameter changes of the control path and especially the friction coefficient. The designed autarkic brake control unit on which the non-linear closed-loop control will be implemented, is located close-by the brake actuator and is to be operated by simple open loop commands from a superior control unit. The paper shortly explains the brake principle of the SEHB and a simplified model of the brake system. The design of the linearizing feedback and the observer is presented. The controller shows good disturbance rejection in simulative studies using a sophisticated, previously verified simulation model of the brake system.


AIM: In our study, it was aimed to obtain guiding information to prevent complications that may develop in advance and to decrease maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality by evaluating the antepartum of patients who developed DIC due to obstetric reasons.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Obstetric patients who were hospitalized in obstetrics and perinatology clinics and developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were retrospectively analyzed. DIC scoring of the patients was made according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria. Maternal and fetal outcomes from the patients were documented.
RESULTS: During the 6-year period in which the data were analyzed, DIC was detected in 57 pregnants out of 108281 deliveries, and the incidence of DIC was found to be 0.052%. The categories of pregnancy complication preceding DIC: placental invasion and implantation anomalies, postpartum hemorrhage (atonia), placental abruption, hypertensive disease of pregnancy and others were found. Its rate in maternal morbidity was 38.6% and maternal mortality rate was 1.75% with 1 patient. 35% of the patients had laparotomy / re-laparotomy and 21% of these patients had hysterectomy. The average birth weight of the newborn is 2341.3 grams. Neonatal intensive care need is 34.5%, stillbirth rate is 25.5%. Neonatal mortality rate was determined as 3.6%.
CONCLUSION: The management scheme plays a key role in delivery because termination of pregnancy often eliminates the underlying obstetric disorder. Early diagnosis and active treatment protocols reduce mortality and morbidity. Because of the physiological changes seen in the coagulation cascade during pregnancy, using a pregnancy-specific DIC score instead of the ISTH DIC score developed for non-pregnant adults may facilitate diagnosis.


Orbit (16/12/2018)  First report of Spirocerca sp. in Denmark – a tumor-inducing parasite in carnivores During routine health surveillance of wild carnivores in Denmark, several tumors, measuring up to 3.0 x 4.5 x 2.5 cm, were detected in the stomach and the omentum of an autopsied red fox (Vulpes vulpes). The fox was hunted in the Hanstholm Nature Reserve, which is 230 km from the closest mainland borders. The tumors had a thick layer of fibrous tissue in which adult worms of Spirocerca sp. were detected. Despite egg excretion by female worms (identified by histology and examination of female worms), no eggs were detected in feces by sedimentation, floatation with saturated sugar solution or sieving. Partial sequencing of two segments of the mitochondrial cox1 gene revealed unique sequences that were distinct from known isolates of S. lupi from Europe, Asia and Africa. Phylogenetic analysis supported the later finding by grouping Danish isolates in one separate node which was distant from other nodes including S. lupi from other countries. It is not known whether this case was an autochthonous infection or whether it was introduced by migrating paratenic or definitive hosts. This is the first report of Spirocerca sp. in Denmark. Additional molecular and/or biological studies are warranted to further characterize the isolated Spirocerca species.


Sleep is a circadian rhythm essential for human life. Many events occur in the body during this state. In the past, significant efforts have been made to provide clinicians with reliable and less intrusive tools to automatically classify the sleep stages and detect apnea events. A few systems are available in the market to accomplish this task. However, sleep specialists may not have full confidence and trust in such systems due to issues related to their accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The main objective of this work is to explore possible relationships among sleep stages and apneic events and improve on the accuracy of algorithms for sleep classification and apnea detection. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) will be assessed using advanced signal processing approaches such as Detrend Fluctuation Analysis (DFA). In this paper, we present a compendium of features extracted from EEG and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) data acquired from twenty five patients (21 males and 4 females) suffering from sleep apnea (age: 50 ± 10 years, range 28–68 years undergoing polysomnography). Polysomnographic data were available online from the Physionet database. Results show that trends detected by these features could distinguish between different sleep stages at a very significant level (p≪0.01). These features could prove helpful in computer-aided detection of sleep apnea.


The microstructure,aggregation state,coordination capacity and absorption frequency and intensity of the organic phase loaded rare earth and aluminum in naphthenic acid system and chloronaphthenic acid system are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the decrease of ammonium salts of chloronaphthenic acid with the product of chelating rare-earth salts can make water return aqueous phase from organic phase and the de-emulsification is achieved.So in the condition of mid or high aluminum concentration,the chloronaphthenic acid system has advantages compared with naphthenic acid system in separation of aluminum and rare earth because chloronaphthenic acid system can avoid the emulsion problem in the naphthenic acid system extraction.


The constant-flux concept is reviewed as a means to achieve high energy density and other electrical and thermal benefits by distributing the magnetic flux uniformly throughout the component volume. The paper investigates various methods to control the effective permeability of the cores, and the associated winding loss and core loss. The methods include winding layout, multiple permeabilities, Litz wire, and magnetic powder. For 50 μH, 19 A rms, 500 kHz, and 5 kW applications, the volume of the designed CFI is 50% of the commercial inductor with the same inductance while the total loss of the CFI is 43% of the commercial inductor.


Microsatellite loci were developed using PCR-based isolation of microsatellite arrays (PIMA) for Iranian river buffalo. Blood samples of eighty unrelated individuals from four buffalo populations (Khuzestan, Mazandaran, Guilan and Azarbayejan) were taken and following DNA extraction, isolation of microsatellite loci initiated using enrichment with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. RAPD-PCR fragments were ligated into PTZ57R TA cloning vector and transformed into DH5 competent cells. Obtained colonies were screened for presence of repetitive elements by repeatspecific and M13 forward and reverse primers. After designing primer pairs for repeat containing fragments, they were tested in all buffalo populations. Two microsatellite loci (RBBSI and RBBSII) were informative and polymorphic. Number of alleles for RBBSI and RBBSII in 80 individuals was 5 and 6, respectively. Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.65 to 0.81. Significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectation occurred for both loci in all populations, but 37.5% of locus/population combination showed the deviation. We postulate that the two newly isolated microsatellite loci during this study could be useful for population genetic studies in Bubalus bubalis.


In this paper our recent research on Ge nanoparticles embedded in ZrO2 will be reviewed. Ge nanoparticles have been deposited by rf-cosputtering of Ge1.6ZrO2/ZrO2 superlattices and subse-quent annealing. TEM measurements confirmed the phase separation of the two compounds and the forming of ex-tended nanocrystalline Ge layers at 650°. These layers show a luminescence signal at 2.5 eV, which is contributed to defect luminescence.


U ntil recently the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) had largely marginalized Mekong River issues. The argument against including Mekong concerns in the association's agenda originates from a geographic factor: Southeast Asia consists of both maritime and mainland areas, and for a long time countries in the former grouping did not perceive the Mekong River as an important variable affecting their security and development or that of the entire region. But things have changed. In 2020 the Mekong made its way onto the official ASEAN agenda for the first time. This essay explains why the Mekong has assumed this new sense of importance to ASEAN and how it can be approached from a functionalist perspective for the betterment of the strategic and practical interests of the region as a whole and the Mekong subregion itself.


A series of new Thin-Film PV front-side silver conductor compositions has been developed for CIGS and a-Si Thin-Film PV cells. These new conductors provide outstanding adhesion to various Transparent Conductive Oxides (TCO.'s) such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Additionally, these front-side silvers exhibit very high conductivity and extremely low contact resistance to the TCO. They have been formulated for screen-printing manufacturing operations and are easily processed at 130°–180 C for 5–10 minutes in a manufacturing oven. Reliability studies on these conductors have shown very good stability out to 600 hours of storage at 85°C/85% RH. The details of the compositions and their properties as well as the typical construction of the Thin-Film cell using these front-side silvers will be discussed.


Because of unique porous structure and good penetration enhancers characteristics of water purification type ecology concrete,it was classified as biological carrier purifying water quality.The research and application of purification water type ecological concrete in China and abroad in recent years were summarized,and the existed problems of water purification type ecology concrete were pointed out.In the end,the future research direction was explored.


In a previous keynote address [1], we have described how voice-enabled intelligent assistants are revolutionizing the way humans interact with machines and how their ubiquitous presence in homes, cars, offices are taking us closer to the old dream of ambient computing. We also explained how Alexa, Amazon's intelligent assistant, is pioneering the domain of voice shopping, considering the customer's shopping journey in a holistic manner. In this talk, we will discuss in more details the key stages required in addressing customer's needs, namely (1) understanding customers, (2) satisfying their needs, and (3) predicting them. We will also provide a finer analysis of customers' needs, be they informational, transactional or navigational needs [2]. We will conclude by presenting some associated research challenges and encouraging the community to explore the unchartered area of voice-enabled product discovery.


The commercial uptake of silicon solar cells with passivating contacts is set to accelerate over the next ten years, due to the potential for very high efficiency modules. Of particular interest are silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, which achieve high voltages by hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) passivation layers. A key challenge for the commercialization of SHJ solar cells is ensuring perfectly tuned a-Si:H and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers for optimal surface passivation and avoiding current-transport issues. Here, we demonstrate a new multifunctional post-cell fabrication process to address these challenges and improve both surface passivation and carrier transport in heterojunction solar cells. N-type silicon heterojunction solar cells with a 5-busbar metallisation scheme were fabricated in an industrial environment by CIE Power and subsequently received a high-throughput, multifunctional treatment at UNSW. This leads to significant improvements in the surface passivation, resulting in an increase in the open circuit voltage of 7 mV, from 730 mV to 737 mV, as well as improved carrier transport in the device, resulting in a significant reduction in series resistance from 0.79 Ω·cm2 to 0.37 Ω·cm2, and hence, an improvement in the fill factor of almost 2% absolute. This leads to an improvement in efficiency of 0.7 ± 0.16% absolute, from 22.05% to 22.75%, with a peak efficiency of 22.93%.


The 1998 main and geocode versions of the NLSY79 data are currently available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics; work history data will be released in January 2000. The data are available on compact discs and include information gathered during all 18 interviews conducted since 1979. During the latest survey, information was collected from 8,399 members of the NLSY79 cohort, or 84.3 percent of the respondents remaining eligible for interview. The 1998 survey repeated all core NLSY79 modules. As it has each year, this survey contained a detailed labor force section based on the Current Population Survey (CPS). In addition, respondents who reported working since the date of last interview completed a questionnaire on each employer in the employer supplements. The 1998 survey also continued modules on education, fertility, childcare, income, assets, program participation, and training. There were, however, some changes between the 1996 and 1998 surveys. Questions were added to the marriage section to collect information about the number of marriages a respondent's spouse has had and the quality of the respondent's relationships. The 1998 survey also included a self-administered drug supplement that asked about use of cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine, crack cocaine, sedatives, and barbiturates. The largest addition to the 1998 survey was a series of health questions for respondents age 40 and older. This section asked a series of questions about the following: l The health and life status of the respondent's parents l The respondent's general perception of his or her health l The respondent's emotional health in the past 4 weeks l Whether health status interfered with daily activities l Whether the respondent has various health problems, such as heart problems, cancer, diabetes, etc. l How much time is spent on health care activities l Whether the respondent has problems with eyesight or hearing These new health questions provide researchers with baseline information about respondents' health as respondents approach middle age. Interviewer effects. Many researchers are interested in knowing whether—or how much—interviewers affect respondents' answers. To enable researchers to investigate these questions, the 1998 NLSY79 data release, for the first time, contains additional information about interviewers. This new set of variables presents information on each interviewer's characteristics and enables researchers to link the interviewers to specific respondents. Information on the characteristics of NLSY79 interviewers comes from the National Opinion Research Center's (NORC) interviewer characteristic files, which are called the ISIS database. These new interviewer variables are …


Background: Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a neuroinflammatory disorder. Indian literature on its clinical profile and outcome is sparse. Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the clinical profile and analyze outcomes and prognostic predictors in a cohort of children with OMS. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of children with OMS between 2007 and 2017. Results: Twenty-two children were included in the study. The mean age at onset of symptom was 20.9 months (standard deviation [SD]: 7.5). The mean duration of delay in diagnosis was 8.4 months (SD 1.26) with acute cerebellitis being the most common misdiagnosis. Eleven children (50%) were diagnosed with tumor during evaluation and follow-up and 11 children (50%) belonged to idiopathic/postinfectious group. Magnetic resonance imaging brain was normal in all children except for one revealing cerebellar atrophy on follow-up. One child in the paraneoplastic group (neuroblastoma) had a positive PNMA2/Ta onconeural antibody. Children in the tumor group had an earlier age of onset (mean 15.5 vs. 26.3 months), shorter time to onset of opsoclonus from initial symptom (2.54 vs. 7.27 weeks), and higher severity score at presentation (13.7 vs. 11.3) compared to the nontumor group. Children in the nontumor group attained their first remission with treatment earlier (10.9 weeks, SD: 4.5) than the children with tumor (18.72 weeks, SD: 5.8). There was no significant difference in the outcome between the groups. Children with multiple relapses (>3) and late surgical intervention for tumor (>6 months after symptom onset) had a poor outcome. Discussion: A high index of suspicion coupled with early diagnosis and periodic tumor surveillance (even in the initially negative cases) along with aggressive combined multimechanistic immunotherapies is the key in improving outcomes. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion in appropriate clinical circumstances and early aggressive immunomodulation might lead to a better outcome.


A field experiment was established in a subarctic grassland in the Finnish Lapland to study the role of summer herbivory in plant community succession. Perennial vegetation and moss cover were removed in an area of 324 m2. The site was divided into four blocks, of which two were fenced to prevent herbivory by large mammals (reindeer, hare). Early successional changes in the vegetation were assessed. Mean species richness per 3 x 3 m plot was consistently higher in the fenced area, indicating that herbivory can suppress small-scale diversity. Herbivory affected the height of several plant species. However, there was no correlation between frequency and height of individual species. There was a weak indication that taller species were more successful in early succession when grazed. Light competition is apparently not a key process determining successional change. Thus, in early stage of succession, summer herbivory has little effect on diversity by limiting light competition, and most species are equally successful in grazed and ungrazed plots. There was some indirect evidence about competitive interactions in the developing community. However, unlike temperate grasslands, large mammal herbivory and competition for light seem not to be important determinants of community change in this subarctic grassland (at least what concernes early successional stages). This may be explained by the harshness of local climate, and abundance of light due to the polar day.


In this paper, a novel image fusion method based on steerable filter bank is proposed. The registered images are first decomposed using steerable pyramid. The EM algorithm is used to fuse the image components in the low frequency band. The selection method involving the informative importance measure is applied to those in the high frequency band. The final fused image is then computed by taking the inverse steerable filter bank transform on the composite coefficient representations. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms conventional image fusion methods and the proposed method have the ability to resist noise corruption.


Changes in total aerobic bacteria (TAB), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), rod- and coccal-shaped lactic acid bacteria (R- and C-LAB), pH, and total acidity were investigated during fermentation of radish with new fermentation base at 20 o C for up to 16 days. New fermentation base was prepared by pre-fermenting a mixture of rice bran and rice water (1 : 0.1, w/v) at 20 o C for 7 days. Initially, radish showed 5.41, 4.23, 4.57, and 3.1 log CFU/g, and base showed 6.68, 6.60, 5.95, and 5.6 log CFU/mL for TAB, LAB, R-LAB, and C-LAB, respectively. Initial pH and total acidity of radish were 6.6 o C and 0.09%, and those of base were 5.76 and 0.36%, respectively. Counts of LAB (4.23 to 8.33 log CFU/g, 6.6 to 9.7 log CFU/mL), R-LAB (4.57 to 7.15 log CFU/g, 5.95 to 8.5 log CFU/ mL), and C-LAB (3.1 to 7.5 log CFU/g, 5.6 to 8.6 log CFU/mL) of radish and base respectively increased during initial fermentation period, then remained constant during late fermentation period, and for 4 days after fermentation, pH values (6.6 to 4.19, 5.76 to 4.57) drastically decreased and thereafter slowly decreased. Total acidities of radish and base (0.09 to 0.63%, 0.36 to 0.63%, respectively) drastically increased for 7 days after fermentation and increased slightly thereafter.


The mass spectra of 2,2-dimethylchromanones and 2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxychromans show peaks corresponding to the ions formed by the retro Diels-Alder reaction with or without hydrogen transfer to the ion. The hydroxychromans also show peaks corresponding to an ion formed by the loss of hydrogen from the ion formed by the retro Diels-Alder reaction. Deuterium labelling showed that the hydrogen transferred in the chromanones arises from the gem-dimethyl groups on C-2, and the hydrogen atom lost in the case of the hydroxychromans is from C-4, the carbinyl carbon.


Abstract Background: Salmonella gastroenteritis, usually self- limited, can result in bacteremia and focal disease. This study was undertaken to determine the role of age and infecting Salmonella serotype on the risk of bacteremia in children. Methods: This was a review of medical records of children with positive nontyphoidal Salmonella cultures seen in an urban setting at the Children's Hospital of Michigan in Detroit between July 1993 and December 2007. Results: Isolates recovered from 633 patients, representing 50 serotypes, included 594 positive stool cultures and 72 (11.4% of all patients) positive blood cultures. Salmonella serotype Typhimurium was the most common serotype, accounting for 29.4% (186/633) of isolates, of which only 3 (1.6%) were recovered from blood. The most common serotype recovered from blood was serotype Heidelberg (40/120 of patients with Heidelberg serotype) accounting for 55.5% (40/72) of positive blood cultures. The patients' age range was 2 weeks to 20 years, with a median of 7 months (interquartile range, IQR = 4–23 months). Bacteremic patients (n = 72) had a median age of 6.5 months (IQR = 4–11 months) and were comparable in age to non-bacteremic patients (n = 266), who had a median age of 5.5 months (IQR = 3–11 months) (p = 0.24). The odds ratio (OR) for bacteremia in patients infected with serotype Typhimurium was 0.21 and in patients with serotype Heidelberg was 4.0. Patients with serotype Heidelberg infection in the age groups < 3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, and > 12 months had an OR for bacteremia of 9.2, 2.5, 3.2, and 6.0, respectively. Conclusion: In our patient population, children with Salmonella serotype Heidelberg infection are at higher risk of bacteremia than children infected with other Salmonella serotypes. The risk is highest during the first 3 months of life.


Wine consumption, authorised or prohibited, diverges from hospices to retirement homes managed by public welfare. Thus it reveals the diversity of the publics assisted in reason of their age in the second part of the 19th century. Though this consumption is cultural, it also results from medical prescription and all the more a moral concern. This article explores the building of a wine consumption standard regarding old age. Inebriation is besides viewed by their directors as the main reason for violences taking place in hospices, wine consumption thus being the moral characteristic of the good or bad elderly. Finally, if wine is central in analysing the defects of the aided old, it also occupies a large place in their grievances. The right to wine consumption has an important role in the resistance opposed by the old to those who supervise their last days. This analysis questions the leeway allowed residents of homes managed by public welfare.


This paper presents an analysis of the relationships between individuals' traits and cohesion in the virtual community environment. Individual traits relate to personal qualities of members of the community where this paper attempts to present their influence over community cohesion. Four research variables were identified to represent the traits of the virtual community members. Experience relates to the number of years with the virtual community. Type relates to the type of virtual community platform or media used whereas preference is the choice selected by the members on the most preferred platform or media. Lastly involvement refers to the kinds of virtual community the members involved in. A virtual community cohesion measurement was used to test the significance of the four research variables. The findings show that Experience, Type and Involvement of members of the community are the traits that can influence virtual community cohesion. Involvement in the virtual community was however found not significant in contributing to social cohesion.


The purpose of this paper is to explore the new pattern for land reclamation and the revenue distribution among different interest actors.Method of Principal-Agent theory was used.The results indicate that the pattern of equally allocating the revenue between principal and agent is a superior pattern for land reclamation.The conclusion is that the pattern with a third party can realize the optimization of land reclamation,and it also can protect the farmers' rights as well as interests more comprehensively.


An ideal floating negative immittance converter is obtained with two current conveyors (CC) and no resistors, thus requiring no cancellation constraint. The application of such an n.i.c. has also been demonstrated. Experimental results of the simulated f.n.i.c. are shown and compensation technique is suggested for the CC's being non-ideal.


A hybrid algorithm based on a modified ant colony optimization algorithm(ACO)and large neighborhood search(LNS)is proposed to solve a delivery vehicle routing problem with time window constraints(VRPTW).Firstly,an ant colony system is analyzed primarily.A new improved method of the traditional operation is then presented.This new ant colony optimization is used to get the initial solution of the vehicle routing problems with time window.In the local search improvement phase,large neighborhood search modules are also proposed to improve the result.Finally,Solomon's benchmark instances(VRPTW 100-customer)are tested for the algorithm and compared to the best solutions found in the literature.


The carbon skeleton of isoprenoids is derived from the branched C5 skeleton of isoprene. Isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate represent the biologic equivalents of isoprene. From research on cholesterol biosynthesis in liver tissues and on ergosterol in yeast, mevalonate was accepted as the universal precursor of isoprenoids. However this assertion is inaccurate. Incorporation of labeled acetate and glucose isotopomers into bacterial isoprenoids and into diterpenes of ginkgo embryos indicated fortuitously the existence of an alternative mevalonate-independent route. Its full elucidation required experiments using 13C- and 2H-labeled precursors followed by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance analyses as well as a combination of biochemical and molecular biology methods. These additional studies revealed a complete set of novel unsuspected enzymes.


e21012 Background: ALK fusion is one of the key driver mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer. In some case reports, some rare mutant forms have also been found to be active and drug-susceptible. There are few reports on the detection and verification methods of rare ALK fusions. Here, we counted the rare fusions of ALK detected by NGS and verified them by other methods. Methods: We analyzed 184 patients with NSCLC harboring ALK-rearrangement detected by NGS from January 2020 to January 2022. We counted the rare ALK fusion forms, and selected two of them for verification by RNA sequencing or immunohistochemistry. Results: Of the 184 patients with ALK fusion that we included, 105 were female and 79 were male (medium age 53). Most female were non-smokers except one while nearly 50% male were smokers. EML4-ALK fusion accounted for the highest proportion (170, 92.4%), 5 were ALK fusions with other 5' partners ( C2orf44, KCNG3, KIF5B, KDM5A, DCTN1), 6 were intergenic region- ALK rearrangements, 2 were fusions without transcription initiation region, and 1 was LOC399815 -ALK and ALK-EML4 double fusion. Rare fusion forms accounted for less than 10%. We further verified two of these rare fusion mutations by RNA sequencing or immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, one of the patients with a KCNG3-exon1- ALK-exon20 fusion detected by DNA sequencing was confirmed to be an EML4-ALK fusion by RNA sequencing, and another patient with an intergenic region- ALK fusion was confirmed positive by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: The vast majority of ALK fusions are EML4-ALK fusions, but there are a small number of other forms of fusions. DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing and ICH may give different conclusions for ALK fusions, which may be limited by the detection method. For some rare fusion forms, a variety of methods can be used to detect whether it is an active ALK fusion form.


Mechanics of materials is a basic professional course for engineering college and university students, and is also a course highly involved in engineering practice for students. It plays a key role in the cultivation of students' engineering application and innovation abilities. In order to better cultivate engineering application-oriented talents for employers, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology has attempted to reform the teaching of the Mechanics of Materials course in recent years. The teaching reform was comprehensive, including implementing reform in theoretical teaching, experimental teaching, as well as extracurricular scientific innovation activities and various competitions, so as to gradually cultivate students' engineering application and innovation abilities. By comparing the effects of teaching in two different college classes before and after teaching reform, it was found that students' engineering application and innovation abilities were improved significantly after the implementation of the teaching reform.


Lens distortion is inevitable phenomenon in machine vision system. More and more distortion phenomenon is occurring in order to choice of lens for minimizing cost and system size. As shown above, correction of lens distortion is critical issue. However previous lens correction methods using camera model have problem such as nonlinear property and complicated operation. And recent lens correction methods using neural network also have accuracy and efficiency problem. In this study, I propose new algorithms for correction of lens distortion. Distorted image is divided based on the distortion quantity using k-means. And each divided image region is corrected by using neural network. As a result, the proposed algorithms have better accuracy than previous methods without image division.


Pottery is a very old livelihood. From the time people started to gather and store food in a permanent place the pottery was there. The earthen pots are the first-ever stable and long-lasting pot ever invented by human. From then to now many materials came and inventions intervene but no one can replace this old art of making a pot of soil. It is a time tested and generationally transmitted knowledge which updates its base during the course of time. This study is basically done to understand the livelihood in depth. The main focus of this study was the process, economics, shocks, seasonality, trends and the problems of this livelihood. The state, district, block and the villages are purposively selected. The tools are used to understand the livelihood are mostly participatory in nature. After a very critical and in-depth study of this livelihood, this study reviles a conceptual framework of this livelihood which can be interpreted as in such a manner that the livelihood gets a boost in the path of the highly competitive market of the present situation. A future scope of the study also revealed during the course of the discussion. The pottery which is an undetectable livelihood from the ancient time in human life, this study is a tribute to those hardworking artists who keep this art alive.


In common cases, students, especially for new students, are looking for a dorm using a conventional techniques, such as: asking to friends, dorm biro, or even to the dorm's owner directly. When they ask to those people, generally they ask about dorm's facilities, monthly or yearly dorm's rent cost, and the distance between the dorm to the university. The system built will use Google Map API Java Script as mapping application. In addition, PHP programming language and MySQL database will be added to store the detail data and the location. This application can be accessed by using browser in both computer and smartphone. By the existence of mapping application using Google Map API helps students to decide which dorm that they will choose. This mapping application is equipped with pictures and detail data of the dorm, so that it will support students's decision.


Rapid determination of nickel sulfate and sodium hypophosphite in electroless nickel plating bath was investigated using spectrophotometry. The regression equations of the relationship between absorbance and nickel sulfate concentration, and between absorbance and sodium hypophosphite concentration in the standard solutions were established. Experimental results of comparison test show that the standard deviation of determiantion of the spectrophotometric method for plating bath is less than 4%, and it can be controlled in about 6% as compared with the standard method of chemical analysis. The method is suitable for rapid determining the change of main components in the plating bath.


770 Background: Epirubicin and Vinorelbine alone or in combination are considered active in ABC.The optimal duration of a chemotherapic treatment in ABC patients is not know. Otherwise Epirubicin has a limiting-dose due to its own toxicity. Methods: In this multicenter phase II study we analyzed the feasibility and the efficacy of 6 cycles of i.v. EV, followed, in responder-patients, by oral VNR alone. Our preliminary results are referred to 26 patients with advanced or recurrence breast cancer (21 ER +) treated with a first-line combination of Epirubicin 75 mg/m2 die 1 and Vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 die 1–8, every 21 days, for a maximum of 6 cycles. At the end of these 6 cycles, in case of a non-progression disease, an oral VNR treatment was considered (Vinorelbine 60 mg/m2 die 1–8 every 21 days for 3 cycles). Toxicity and response were analyzed according to WHO scales. Results: Median age of these patients was 63 years (range 42–78); predominant sites of metastasis were: 65% bone, 50% liver, 31% lung. Stages ...


Following the successful Great Health Visitors–Great North Run campaign in 2014, Melita Walker has devised a new idea to raise money for the Institute of Health Visiting, and she is calling on health visitors across the country to get involved.


Objective Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS)is closely related to cardiovascular diseases.Interventional therapy can relieve artery stenosis,but clinical effects have been challenged.Through strict control indications for interventional treatment,this research aims to evaluate the clinical curative effects between ARAS patients treated with drugs only and patients treated with drugs combined with intervention.Methods 120patients who were diagnosed as ARAS and renal artery stenosis area≥70% have been recruited during the period of January 2010to January 2011.Through comprehensive evaluations of kidney(renal size,renal artery stenosis degree,the ipsilateral glomerular filtration rate,pressure gradients across renal artery stenosis)and clinical complications,patients have been divided into drug therapy group(patients refused interventional therapy)and drug therapy combined with interventional therapy group.Patients' blood pressure,serum creatinine,cardiac function,cardiovascular events and readmission times were recorded before and after treatment.The followed up was one year.Results In the 120patients,48cases were in interventional group,72cases were in drug group.In interventional group,the blood pressure improved significantly(P0.01),3patient were cured,24patients blood pressure improved,21cases were invalid.There were no significant difference in the number of antihypertensive drug(P0.05),average serum creatinine reduced mildly;Drug group needed to take more drugs to control blood pressure,and average serum creatinine elevated mildly.While in the group of ARAS patients combined with heart failure,interventional therapy can improve heart function of patients with heart failure,reduce the number of hospitalizations due to heart failure,angina and pulmonary edema within 1year.Conclusion Intervention combined with drug therapy and drug therapy alone can both effectively control blood pressure,however the patients in intervention combined with drug therapy team after treatment take fewer antihypertensive drugs.Compared to drug therapy,intervention combined with drug therapy can significantly improve patients' cardiac function,reduce the readmission caused by heart failure,angina and pulmonary edema of patients with ARAS and heart failure.However,there was no significant effect on Serum creatinine between the two groups.


In this paper, an implementation of the complex-frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer (CPML) is developed for three-dimensional hybrid implicit-explicit (HIE) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method based on auxiliary differential equation (ADE). Because of the use of the ADE technique, this method becomes more straightforward and easier to implement. The formulations for the HIE-FDTD CPML are proposed. Numerical examples are given to verify the validity of the presented method. Results show that, both HIE-CPML and FDTD-CPML have almost the same reflection error, while their reflection error is about 30 dB, which is less than HIE Mur's first-order results. The contour plots indicate that the maximum relative reflection as low as-72 dB is achieved by selecting and .


Closed-loop supply chain based on third-party take back model(TPT-CLSC) is the key issue on business area.This paper develops a model of non-cooperation and cooperation model in TPT-CLSC system,and researches their pricing strategies.Research shows that the higher level of co-operation among TPT-CLSC members,the greater profits in TPT-CLSC channels.In order to facilitate the effective cooperation among TPT-CLSC members,the paper further establishes the mechanisms of coordination between members of the system,which increase their profits than non-cooperation.In the end,this paper proved the feasibility of cooperation system through numerical analysis.


Techniques of differential algebra are used to derive an observer-based controller applied to a class of continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). A dynamical linearizing feedback controller is obtained on the basis of Fliess' generalized observability canonical form (GOCF) and the Fliess' generalized controllability canonical form (GCCF). Our controller actually achieves both stability and tracking by linearizing the tracking error. The controller is then of error-driven type. Numerical simulations are carried out with the overall control scheme to illustrate the methodology.


A blank-correction error-detection decoder can be used to give any desired degree of decoding from simple error detection to essentially maximum likelihood error correction. Failsafe per-refinance is obtained if a fixed number of digits are erased before decoding with maximum failsafe protection obtained with a zero threshold detector preceeding the decoder which results in error detection only. In agreement with theory there is a nonzero threshold which maximizes the rate of transmission for any SNR. Maximum likelihood decoding is obtained by iterative decoding with successively increasing thresholds as long as errors are detected. Comparison of the performance of the decoder in a failsafe mode and a maximum likelihood mode are given.


ABSTRACT Competitive a company depends on ability of the company to get their optimal performance. Good performance that company haved will be achieved if productivity working of staff that haved progress or imptovement . Many factors can give effect to make good performance staff of a company, include staff themselves or any environment of company. The factors can give determinant  such as facilities, discipline and leadership like in this research. The objective of this research is to know find out facilities, discipline and leadership make significant determination toward staff performance in B`Right PLN Batam. Population of this research is 107 staffs and sample  is 85 staffs.  Method of this research is assosiatif explanatory, that to give  descript the relation between variables of research. Result of the research shown determination coefficient is 0.604, that have meaning 60.4%  of performance affected by facilities, discipline and leadership, the other percent affected by another factors that not investigated in this research. Keywords: Facilities, discipline, leadership, performance


Abstract Risk duration is a stochastic component of risk with particular practical importance. Moreover, risk duration reduction operations constitute a significant part of risk treatment. Stochastic models of such operations substantially contribute to the improvement of the risk management process. The present paper introduces a class of stochastic multiplicative models for the description of efficient risk duration reduction operations.


In recent years exploration targets have become more challenging due to their deeper position and higher complexity. In order to map these targets correctly, accurate 3D PSDM is usually required. Interval velocity analysis in such areas becomes a critical process. The major concept of most velocity analysis procedures is that after PSDM, common image gathers (CIGs) should be flat if the migration was carried out with the correct velocity function. When the CIGs contain non-flat events the problem is how to relate this non-flatness to errors in the given velocity function.


Since 1980s, there has been a transition in TCM psychology from the thought of TCM psychology to a more systematic scientific system, with some achievements in both theory and practice. TCM psychology should be further developed by giving prominence to its characteristics, exploring the impact of traditional culture , specifying the orientation of the specialty and training professional personnel.


Although other drugs could not always be excluded, in most of the cases reported here chloroquine appeared to be responsible for the involuntary movements. In a previous case of involuntary movements attributed to amodiaquinel the patient had also taken chloroquine, so either drug may have produced the side effects. Benztropine, which is well recognised in the treatment of Parkinsonian syndromes, was successfully used in this case,' although it was not available to us. We would recommend the same treatment for chloroquine-induced involuntary movements. Although chlorpromazine may produce extrapyramidal effects it was successful in controlling involuntary movements in one of our patients, who responded rapidly when the drug was given parenterally. Normal therapeutic doses of chloroquine may induce involuntary movements whether it is given by mouth or by injection. Furthermore, some of the patients had taken chloroquine before without adverse reactions. In the past five years we have used chloroquine to treat over 25 000 patients with malaria, and these five patients are the only ones to develop this side effect. The incidence is less than 1/5000. It is also notable that all our patients were under the age of 30, which appeared to be the case in those reported previously,' though the ages were not always stated.


Abstract Aim To elicit the experiences and perspectives of health professionals working on the frontline in the COVID‐19 pandemic. Background Although some qualitative studies have been carried out in health professionals during COVID‐19 pandemic, to our knowledge, no study has used the Photovoice method. Design A qualitative descriptive study using Photovoice was carried out between March and June 2020. Methods A total of 20 health professionals were recruited from public and private healthcare services. The participants were invited to share photographs about their experiences while working during COVID‐19 pandemic. Following the Photovoice method, audio‐recorded interviews were conducted. The data were analysed using the 'SHOWED' mnemonic, with five questions answered about each photograph. The EQUATOR checklist has been used. Results/Findings Three themes emerged: (1) Personal attitudes of health professionals; (2) Support from the community; and (3) Management of institutional resources. Despite the fact that health professionals in this study were exposed to major risks while caring for patients with COVID‐19' they felt a strong sense of responsibility towards the community. In order to handle these stressful situations, they used coping mechanisms, good humour and leisure, but also received support from the population, who saw them as highly skilled health professionals. Conclusion These findings highlight the essential role of health professionals in the COVID‐19 pandemic and the tireless work they are carrying out to provided highly skilled care. Relevance to clinical practice These findings could contribute to raise awareness on the needs of health professionals during the pandemic, allowing managers to plan strategies to ensure the safety, and well‐being of these professionals, as well as adopting similar strategies in their practice to create a space for critical reflection through participatory approaches.


Now, security and authenticity of data is a big challenge. To solve this problem, we propose an innovative method to authenticate the digital documents. In this paper, we propose a new method, where the marks obtained by a candidate will also be encoded in QR Code TM in encrypted form, so that if an intruder tries to change the marks in the mark sheet then he can not do that in the QR Code TM, because the encryption key is unknown to him. In this method, we encrypt the mark sheet data using the TTJSA encryption algorithm. The encrypted marks are entered inside QR code and that QR code is also printed with the original data of the mark sheet. The marks can then be retrieved from the QR code and can be decrypted using TTJSA decryption algorithm and then it can be verified with marks already there in the mark sheet.


The invention provides a process for producing a special efficient bio-organic fertilizer for bananas by utilizing diatom ooze solid fermentation bacillus NJN-6 and a product of the special efficient bio-organic fertilizer. The used formulas are decomposed ordinary chicken manure fertilizers (83% by weight ratio, the same below), diatom oozes dredged from the lake Taihu (7%) and rapeseed meal (10%). The used strain is the special growth-promoting biocontrol bacillus NJN-6 for bananas. The process flows are as follows: mixing the raw materials according to the optimal formula, inoculating 5% of functional bacteria, carrying out windrow fermentation, carrying out turning once every day and carrying out fermentation for seven days. For the produced fertilizer, the beneficial viable count is more than 1*10 CFU/g (dry weight of the fertilizer, the same below), the total nitrogen content is 2.5-3.5%, the total nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium nutrient is 6-8%, the organic content is not less than 45% and the contents of microcystins LR and RR are lower than 4mu g/kg. The fertilizer is rich in vast beneficial amino acids and has good growth-promoting effect and strong disease resistance.


Summary form only given. We discuss the design of a compact coaxial magnetized plasma gun and its associated systems in detail. The plasma gun will be used for experimental studies of plasma relaxation to be conducted in the HELCAT facility at UNM. These studies will advance our knowledge of basic plasma physics in the areas of magnetic relaxation and space and astrophysical plasmas, including the evolution of active galactic jets. The gun will be powered by a 120 muF ignitron switched capacitor bank which is operated in a range of 5 ~ 10kV. High pressure gas will be puffed into an annular gap between the inner and outer coaxial electrodes. The applied high voltage ionizes the gas and creates a radial current sheet. The ~ 100kA discharge current generates toroidal flux and an external applied magnetic field provides poloidal flux. The axial JxB force ejects plasma out of the gun. If the JxB force exceeds the magnetic tension of the poloidal flux by a sufficient amount then a detached magnetized plasma will be formed. We plan to study the evolution of this plasma "bubble" as it interacts with a preexisting lower pressure background plasma.


Almost 200 years have passed since the publication of E.T.A. Hoffmann's Der Sandmann and Alex Garland's science fiction film Ex Machina. And yet both ask amazingly similar questions about human integrity in the face of artificial intelligence. The humanoid machines act as objects of reflection, from which it can be seen that the essence of human beings is always only contoured in an omnipresent network of power relations and by imitating normative behavior patterns. These power relations and performative acts are discussed in more detail in this work, among other things, by referring back to the concepts of panoptism and performativity. Posthuman subjects are thus negotiated as both a danger and an enlightenment for the human being.


According to the woodland protection and utilization planning of the actual need of the production tasks,this paper discussed the programming ideas using A0 IMXDocument interface to adjust subcompartment survey factors to datum year.This is also a specific application and practice of ArcGIS technology in data management.


We report on measurements of cross-species thermalization inside a magnetically trapped spin-polarized mixture of $^{87}$Rb and $^7$Li atoms with both atoms in their respective low field seeking magnetic substates $|F=2,m_F=2\right>$. Measurement of the thermalization velocity in the ultracold regime below $10 \mu$K allows for the derivation of the absolute value of the pure triplet s-wave scattering length governing the interaction. We find $|a_{7,87}|=(59\pm19) a_{\rm B}$. We propose to study both species in the condensed regime to derive the sign of $a_{7,87}$. In this context, we present numerical solutions to the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equation based on the hypothesis of a positive sign. According to the simulations, phase separation of the Li and Rb $|2,2\right>$ clouds occurs along with a mean-field stabilization allowing for larger atom numbers of condensed $^7$Li atoms before collapse sets in. Observation of this mean-field stabilization would directly fix the sign of $a_{7,87}$. We discuss our results in the light of this proposal.


Polyaniline/cerium oxide (PANI/CeO2) composites were prepared and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and TEM techniques. The PANI/CeO2 composites were used for removal of Remazol Red (RB-133) from aqueous solution. The adsorption behaviour of dye was studied at different experimental conditions of solution pH and reaction temperature. The adsorption isotherm studies were carried out using Langmuir and Freundlich models, of which Freundlich model was found more suitable. Pseudo-second-order model fitted well with good agreement with the experimental values of qe (equilibrium adsorption capacity). Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption system were calculated and suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous, exothermic and marked with an increase in randomness at the solid–liquid interface.


The interface of empirical work with child psychoanalysis at the Anna Freud Centre is part of the tradition of systematic study and research pioneered over many years by Anna Freud and her colleagues (A. Freud, 1962; Sandier, 1962; A. Freud 1965). George Moran initiated a program of work at the Anna Freud Centre, which, starting with the work on juvenile onset diabetes (Fonagy et al., 1991b), led us to ask fundamental questions about the nature of the child psychoanalysis, with important implications for technique. We acknowledged our debt by dedicating the lecture on which this paper is based to George Moran, whom we see as a worthy successor to Marianne Kris, both of them working within the tradition of Anna Freud. This article starts with observations that imply the need for a change in some aspects of our psychoanalytic model. Throughout child psychoanalysis is used to illustrate both the need for change and the character of the revision that is required. The authors, however, assert that, as is so of...


The continuing high level of concern among health professionals and the general public about issues related to AIDS is reflected in this volume on testing for AIDS and related viruses. The book has been written by specialists in the area of AIDS testing, many of whom are at the Centers for Disease Control. The book includes several chapters which compare the different laboratory tests available for detecting the AIDS virus (HIV). It also addresses such topics as ethical considerations in AIDS testing, HIV infection in children, testing for other human viruses related to HIV, safety practices in HIV-testing laboratories, and managing occupational exposure to HIV. The book is intended for public health officials involved in HIV testing, hospital administrators and clinical laboratory directors responsible for setting up HIV testing programmes and physicians concerned with testing for AIDS.


Biosensors are little investigative gadgets that join a component of natural acknowledgment and a physio-compound transducer to change an organic sign into an electrical perusing. Their specialized allure these days lies in their solid proficiency, high affectability, and consistent limit with regards to estimation. A biosensor embedded in contact central focuses to decide the degree of tear glucose and to hand-off the information to the patient's body siphon. The siphon can mix insulin, the missing hormone, the necessary degree. This machine evades the distinctive blood checks and implantations for interesting sorts of diabetes that are really basic consistently. Diabetes characteristics are calculated by the sensor and the algorithms of machine learning are used to obtain the solution. Glucose measurements in blood plasma are positive, suggesting that the sensor is designed to estimate physiological blood glucose levels with negligible atomic effects. We are aimed at contributing to the growing biotechnology sector, with a focus on Glucose-Oxidise Biosensor (GOB) modelling from a regression perspective through quantitative learning methods. Blood glucose monitoring was developed as an effective tool for diabetes administration. Since it is suggested to maintain typical levels of blood glucose, a progression of appropriate biosensors of glucose has been developed. The technology of glucose biosensors, including treatment tools, reliable glucose monitoring systems and non-invasive glucose detection frameworks, has been fully developed over the last 50 years. In any case, a few steps are still associated with the achievement of accurate and reliable measurement of glucose. Utilizing a few AI calculations to demonstrate the amperometric reaction of a GOB with subordinate factors under various conditions, for example, temperature, benzoquinone, pH and glucose levels. In particular, kernel-based regression techniques, such as support vector machines, are being used today as one of the best machine learning techniques. Since a GOB reaction's affectability is emphatically connected with these needy factors, their cooperations ought to be advanced to boost the yield signal for which a hereditary calculation and mimicked tempering is utilized. This dataset is modelled by a nonlinear regression approach which uses a rather simple model of the biosensor performance to allow a very low prediction error. This demonstrates the brief history, basic principles, analytical results, and the current status in clinical practice of glucose biosensors. We report a model that is consistent with the optimization and shows a good generalization error. The results obtained show that the sensor created is a contender for persistent blood glucose checking.


We report the persistent current in two coupled rings which form a character "8" structure. We showed that the magnetic fluxes modify the global phase of the electronic wave function for multiple connected geometry formed by the coupled rings. We obtained an exact solution for the persistent current and investigated the exact solution numerically. For two large coupled rings with equal fluxes, we found that the persistent current in the two coupled rings is in fact equal to that in a single ring. For opposite fluxes the energy has a chaotic structure. For both cases the periodicity is h/e. This results are obtained within an extension of Dirac's second class constraints. This theory can be tested in the ballistic regime.


Abstract— Newborn mouse cerebellum developing in culture metabolizes specifically labelled glucose to labelled carbon dioxide at a high rate and in a manner indicating virtually no participation of the pentose phosphate pathway. Furthermore, there appears to be no shift to this alternate metabolic route prior to or during myelin formation, or during the later stage of myelin maintenance and neuronal maturation. The equal incorporation of specifically labelled glucose into phospholipids further substantiates these conclusions. The higher rate of metabolism of this material than of the more conventional tissue slices makes brain tissue developing in culture a most promising material for neurochemical studies.


Life insurance industry has gone through various phases of change in India since its humble beginning in 1938 with the enactment of Insurance Act. After liberalization and privatization, there were drastic changes in the industry since the 2000. The entry of private and global players saw a drastic change in approach. New products were launched and so also the service and operations were boasted to cater to the increasing need of the customers. Apart from improvement in product variants and services, the cut throat competition also brought in misspelling where customers plunged into the purchase of unit linked policies with the promise of quick and higher returns. There is huge scope for growth in this industry since there still exists a very large number of uninsured population in India. In a country like India where the social security is not covered by the government, creating awareness for getting insured is focus of the government. Various policies and programmes have been introduced by the government for this purpose. The paper aims at highlighting the various changes this industry have gone through during the last decade with respect to the perception and buying behaviour of customers and also the various initiatives of the government to increase penetration levels to five per cent by 2020.


A multi level inverter using a cascade configuration having a unit cell power factor equivalent control device and a method thereof are provided to prevent a specific cell from being damaged by controlling a power factor of a power cell to be same with each other. A master controller(1) outputs a control signal of an output frequency and an output voltage in response to a predetermined control command. A plurality of power cells(4-1 - 4-n) are coupled in series, and have a DC converter, a smoothing unit and an inverter. The DC converter converts a three-phase AC power into a DC power in response to a control output of the master controller. The smoothing unit smooths the converted output of the DC converter. The inverter receives the smoothed DC power and generates an AC power. A phase shift transformer has a primary winding, which is coupled to the three-phase AC power, and a plurality of secondary windings, which are coupled to be corresponding to the power cells. A communication network(2) is coupled between the master controller and the power cells, and provides a communication path between the master controller and the power cells. A cell controller(3-1) is coupled to the power cells and the master controller.


On the 9th, 10th and 11th of June 2017, 700 participants, from more than 180 cities in 40 countries came together for the international meeting Fearless cities, organised by Barcelona «en Comú » a citizen platfom, established by the political party that won the municipal elections in 2015 – and supported by several partners (Commons Polis1) and European foundations (The Charles Léopold Mayer Foundation, Guerilla Foundation, OSIFE, Ford Foundation, Chorus Foundation, Grassroots International, Karibu Foundation, European Cultural Foundation) who belong to the EDGE Funders Alliance network. The belief, «Fearless cities », represents a call to otherness in particular towards women and political refugees (Cities of hope, cities of refuge), as well as a different way of practicing democracy and another kind of relationship to power, and to politics. MUNICIPALISM: FROM CITIZEN EMANCIPATION TO SHARED POLITICAL POWER


1. A salt or hydrate of the compound of Formula (AA) .2. The crystalline form of the sodium salt monohydrate or sodium salt of the compound of formula (AA) .3. The crystalline form of claim 2 having one or more than one physical property selected from the group consisting of (1) and (2): 1) has characteristic diffraction peaks at 2-theta = 6,4 ° ± 0 2 °; 9,2 ° ± 0,2 °; 13,8 ° ± 0,2 °; 19,2 ° ± 0,2 ° and 21,8 ° ± 0,2 °, in X-ray diffraction powder; u2) having a characteristic infra-red absorption spectra at 1641 cm ± 2 cm, 1536 cm ± 2 cm, 1503 ± 2 cm media 1424 ± 2 cm see 4. The crystalline form of claim 2 having characteristic diffraction peaks at 2-theta = 6,4 ° ± 0,2 °; 9,2 ° ± 0,2 °; 13,8 ° ± 0,2 °; 19,2 ° ± 0,2 ° and 21,8 ° ± 0,2 °, in X-ray diffraction on poroshke.5. The crystalline form of claim 2 having characteristic diffraction peaks at 2-theta = 6,4 ° ± 0,2 °; 9,2 ° ± 0,2 °; 13,8 ° ± 0,2 °; 14,6 ° ± 0,2 °; 15,2 ° ± 0,2 °; 17,6 ° ± 0,2 °; 19,2 ° ± 0,2 °; 21,8 ° ± 0,2 °; 24,1 ° ± 0,2 ° and 28,7 ° ± 0,2 °, in X-ray diffraction on poroshke.6. The crystalline form of claim 2 having a characteristic infrared absorption spectrum at 1641 cm ± 2 cm, 1536 cm ± 2 cm, 1503 ± 2 cm media 1424 ± 2 cm see Refs 7. The crystalline form of claim 2 having a characteristic infrared absorption spectrum at 1641 cm ± 2 cm, 1536 cm ± 2 cm, 1503 cm ± 2 cm, 1424 cm ± 2 cm, 1282 cm ± 2 cm, 1258 cm ± 2 cm, 1093 media cm ± 2 1069 ± 2 cm sm.8. The crystalline form of claim 2 having one or more than one range selected from the group consisting of (a) - (c): a) X-ray diffraction on the powder, substantially as shown in Figure 1; b) infrared absorption spectra, substantially as shown in Figure 2; and c) C-NMR spectra in solid state, substantially as shown in Fig.3.9. crystalline


Nowadays, there is a significant diminution in agricultural production due to the unpredictable control of crop climate conditions. Thus, to alleviate the crops exposure from excess cold or heat and unwanted pests, an intelligent environment monitoring and control system based Arduino UNO board consisting of ATmega 328P microcontroller has been developed for a small-scale agriculture namely greenhouse. The system user can monitor and control the greenhouse climate conditions remotely via web interface/mobile applications and GSM in a real-time manner. To deliver the environmental conditions in a timely manner, low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN) is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, soil moisture and light of the greenhouse. The sensor network constitutes a multi-hop network structure for large coverage. The developed system is implemented and tested in laboratory conditions using Proteus toolkit. Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tool is used to develop necessary software. The results show that the proposed system can closely monitor and evaluate greenhouse farming field conditions accurately. Finally, the user can send control decisions instantly to boost the yield growth conditions and thus, increase the crop production considerably.


The purpose of this research was to provide descriptive information on elderly women's breast cancer risk and their level of participation in breast cancer screening behaviors. Ninety-two women participated in the study; the mean breast cancer risk for five years was 2.4, and the lifetime mean risk was 4.4. An elevated five-year risk is a value greater than 1.7. The participants' also provided information on their breast cancer screening behaviors. The modal response for participation in obtaining a medical checkup with a physician was six months or less. The modal response for obtaining a clinical breast examination was six months or less. These elderly women indicated a high rate of adopting breast cancer screening activities. Breast sonographers and mammographers have a unique opportunity to raise awareness with their elderly patients about breast cancer. Advocating screening measures and patient education are needed to assist elderly women in managing risk.


The present invention discloses a group system comprising a load balanced server and at least two sub nodes, wherein the at least two sub nodes are used for respectively collecting respective various source information, and sending the source information to the load balanced server; the load balanced server is used for receiving tusk requirements and the various source information; sub nodes for processing the tusk requirements are ensured according to load balanced tactics and the various source information; and the tusk requirements are sent to the ensured sub nodes. Correspondingly, the present invention also discloses a method for realizing load balance and the load balanced server. The sub nodes for processing the tusk requirements are ensured according to the load balanced tactics and the various source information respectively sent by the at least two sub nodes in the group system, the most reasonable source distribution is realized in the group system, and flexible configuration can be realized according needs to enable the processing efficiency of the group system to improve mostly.


This paper describes and efficient method for computing two-dimensional element stiffness matrices. It is a generalization of the algorithm given by Taylor. 1Theory is developed for elements which are loaded under plane stress, plane strain or axisymmetric conditions, and two FORTRAN IV subroutines are included. These subroutines, which are presented in a modular form, are applicable to any type of serendipity, Lagrangian or triangular element, and may be incorporated into a user's library. Alternatively, if desired, the relevant code may be embedded directly into existing stiffness generation routines.


The invention discloses an ice chopper for barreled iced fruit flesh. The ice chopper comprises a lifting and turning component, an ice shaving component, a discharge collecting device and a driving device, wherein the ice shaving component comprises an ice chopper material bin and a rotating cylinder main body in the ice chopper material bin; a feed port is arranged in the upper side of the ice chopper material bin, and a discharge port is formed in the lower side of the ice chopper material bin; the rotating cylinder main body comprises a cylinder shaft, circular plates and ice chopping planer tools; the cylinder shaft is connected with the driving device; the circular plates are arranged on the cylinder shaft and distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder shaft; the ice chopping planer tools are arranged along the outer diameters of the circular plates; the lifting and turning component comprises a lifting motor and a lifter turning stand for pouring materials from the feed port into the ice chopper material bin; and the discharge collecting device is arranged at the discharge port in the lower side of the ice chopper material bin. The ice chopper solves the problems of poor ice chopping productive capacity and ice chopping effect, has a good ice chopping effect, and is relatively high in productive capacity.


Sound environment reproduction of various flight conditions in aircraft cabin mock-ups is useful for the design, demonstration and jury testing of interior aircraft sound quality. To provide a faithfully perceived sound environment, time, frequency and spatial characteristics should be preserved. Physical sound field reproduction approaches for spatial sound reproduction are mandatory to immerse the listener in the proper sound field so that localization cues are recreated. A 80-channel microphone array was built and used to capture a 2-hour recording of in-flight sound environments within an actual Bombardier CRJ aircraft. An instrumented cabin mock-up was used to reproduce, in the least-meansquare sense, the recorded sound field using a 41-channel trim-panel actuator array. In this paper, experiments with multichannel equalization are reported. One of the practical difficulties was related to the use of the trim panels as sound sources. Windows and trim panels introduce audible squeaks and rattles if driven at low frequencies. Bass management was therefore implemented. Floor shakers and a subwoofer were used to recreate the low frequency content while the trim panels were only used for the high frequency range. The paper presents objective evaluations of reproduced sound fields. Results and practical compromises are reported.