What is billboarding, and can/should it be used in 3D games to create special effects for weapon blasting effects?

Question: What is billboarding, and can or should it be used to create special effects for 3D games on weapon blasting effects?
Comment: My concern is mainly in 3D, from the little I know it has something to do with projecting a 2D image in a 3D world, I don't understand how something could look 3D that's 2D.
Comment: related http://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/19750/what-are-some-of-the-more-commonly-used-projectile-rendering-techniques/24182#24182
Answer:
What is billboarding ?

Billboard is a textured flat object, usually a polygon, which faces the camera. Its direction usually changes constantly as the object and camera move, so it always faces the camera direction, this operation is called Billboarding.
Billboards usually use texturing + alpha to represent many phenomena that
do not have smooth solid surfaces (e.g. Clouds, Grass, Smoke, Fire).

Can or should it be used to create special effects for weapon blasting
  effects?

You need to make a distinction between billboards and particle systems. A particle system is a set of small objects that are animated and controlled using an algorithm. Particles can be represented by Billboards, but other forms are also common such as points and lines.
 You can make gun blasting effects using billboards, but in the end, you will need a way to control those billboards which will end you up making a particle system (though might be a very simple one)
Comment: Thank you very much for taking the time to answer my question.
Comment: Weapon blasting effects aren't always particle systems, but yeah typically if you tried to use billboards you'd just end up with a simple ad-hoc particle system. The main weapon effect that would be billboards and not particle systems would be laser beams, and that would be variant billboards that only rotate on the long axis, not completely facing the camera. Also note that muzzle flares are generally done with animated textures on standard quads, not billboards or particle systems.
Answer:
BillBoard

A billboard within your game is always orientated to face the camera. As the camera moves the object is orientated to face the camera. The same theory can also be applied to cause an object to always face another object within your game.
based on orientation its divided into 2 types
Points,
Axial


Anguilla Framework in XPM

Question: Do you know if exists something similar to Anguilla Framework for using it in Experiencie Manager (XPM)? I have used the same Anguilla commands that I use in Content Manager and they have not worked.
Comment: `$display` is available in XPM by the way, but it depends on where you are trying to use it. It will be there in the Ribbon Bar, and in the popup windows of XPM for example. But you won't find it on the webpage, since that is not a "window" (or display) controlled by XMP, it is a webpage from the staging site (there are a few limited `Tridion` objects available in there, loaded from the bootstrap script, which supply the overlays required for editing).
Comment: Can you edit your question and supply some more details, like what have you exactly tried and what is not working etc.?
Comment: Hi, i'm developing and extension to create a component dinamically. For this propose I use anguilla commands like "$display".could you tell me is there is any command like this for XPM?
Comment: Please EDIT your quesion and provide the additional details in there (don't use the comments where space is limited etc.). Those details should include information about what you are exactly trying to do, like where are you trying to use `$display` in XPM, how is your Editor/Model configured etc. etc.
Answer: Basically the Anguilla Framework is for the CME and for XPM, see also my answer here: How to integrate my custom button into Experience Manager
What you need to do is specify in your Editor and/or Model extension configuration whether you are extending something in the CMe or in XPM (which is called SiteEdit in the configuration. You can also have your extension apply to both, by specifying both in the configuration XML, the nodes you are looking for are:
...
<extensions>
    <ext:editorextensions>
        <ext:editorextension target="CME">
            ...

            ...
        </ext:editorextension>
        <ext:editorextension target="SiteEdit">
            ...

            ...
        </ext:editorextension>
    </ext:editorextensions>
    ...
</extensions>
...

NOTE: If you edit your question and provide a little more detail about your specific example, I can update my answer with a more specific example...

Anguilla Framework in XPM


2005 Suburban rear passenger window drops about 6 inches.

Question: I have tried duct-tape, messy and ongoing, Paint sticks as shims with and added a slice of rubber between glass and wood. This held up for weeks. Now I need to buy the part and replace via YouTube. There is the power motor which still makes noise likes it works, and the regulator. Which does this problem need to be applied to resolve issue.  Should I replace the motor, regulator, or both?  Thanks.
Answer: The problem most likely resides in the motor worm gear, but you won't know for sure until you get it apart. The regulator in the truck is a cable driven one. It looks like this:

The motor attaches to the doohicky on the left side. The window slides are directly attached to the cables within the supports. If the cable system were to fail, the window would most likely not move at all or drop all the way to the bottom. Like I said, there's no real way to tell (that I know of) until you get it apart.
My suggestion to you if your pocket book can handle it is to buy both parts (regulator and motor). Then, when you pull the door panel apart to replace whatever's wrong, you can figure out which part(s) you'll need. If you only need one of the two, return the other for a refund. Just check the return policy of wherever you're looking at to purchase the parts to see if they will take it back, no questions asked. Some parts stores won't take electrical items back, so ensure you read the fine print.
The reason I suggest this route is if you get one part, but you need the other, your door is going to be either torn apart until you get the part you need, or you'll have to put it all back together with the broken parts to wait for the replacements. You may consider it a good move to just replace both parts in the first place and call it a day.
Answer: This sounds like one or more of the runners has jumped out of its rail inside the door (these are either lever driven or cable driven) - usually if the "bearing" is still in good condition it can be put back into place and it should work. Sometimes to get the bearing back into place the mechanism needs to be disconnected so the bearing can "travel" further to enter the channel it runs in.
If it is all too worn then you need a new mechanism.


Best software for homemade YouTube videos

Question: I would like to get started with making some home videos to post them on YouTube. What are some of the best references, tutorials, and software to use for this task? Thanks.
Answer: A great choice that works on both Mac and PC is DaVinci Resolve.  The Lite version is free, and if you use only the basic features, it is very intuitive and easy to learn, from drag-and-drop media to basic editing to automatic delivery to YouTube.
A second recommendation is this: software is great for controlling edits, meaning cuts, transitions, wipes, dissolves, and generally assembling footage so that a sequence of shots tells a story, possibly syncrhonized to music, sound effects, or whatever.  However, a great edit will get you only so far when your footage is sub-standard.  Don't waste your time looking for software to fix sub-standard footage.  Learn about lighting (especially 3-point lighting), camera movement, and camera support.  If you don't like your audio, don't waste your time looking for software to clean it up.  Learn to record audio properly, with microphones positioned appropriately.
It may well be that you are very happy with the audio and video you are capturing, and that editing really is the only thing you need to worry about.  Good for you!  But if you are trying to get better looking video or better sounding audio, fix it at the source--with lighting and proper mic techniques.  It takes years of practice and the very best to work magic with software to fix what should have been done right in the first place.
Once you have learned lighting and audio, then you can really go nuts with Resolve, making good footage look great.
Answer: The best entry level software is probably iMovie, the video editing application that is free for any Mac user. It's intuitive and simple, giving you a quick start into basic editing. Another free video editing program for Windows/Mac/Linux is Blender, but that has a fairly steep learning curve.
Comment: Personally I've tried Blender on Windows and could never get used to the interface. Hitfilm 3 Express is an awesome alternative for Windows and it's free!
Comment: Hitfilm should be the best choice to make as a beginner in filmmaking, I guess. Every thursday they upload tutorials and new episodes.


Group Theory and Chemistry for Undergraduate Thesis

Question: I am advising a student on her senior math thesis.  She would like to involve chemistry somehow (her other major).  I know no chemistry.  I have read in several places that representation theory features prominently in some areas of chemistry.  When I try to read anything online I am not sure how much chemistry one needs to assume.  So, if my student is in her senior year of a chemistry major, are there any places where she can start to look for a project in group theory and chemistry?
Comment: Dover has a good book in this area, but I am not enough of an expert to compare it to other references http://www.amazon.com/David-M.-Bishop/e/B001IQW5FI/ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_1?qid=1379379257&sr=8-1
Comment: I think in every Physical Chemistry book there is a chapter about group theory I've study it from [Atkins](http://www.amazon.com/Physical-Chemistry-Edition-Peter-Atkins/dp/1429218126/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&qid=1379441579&sr=8-4&keywords=peter+atkins)
Comment: And every Inorganic Chemistry text should have multiple chapters applying group theory and symmetry to the structure and spectroscopy of organometallic compounds.
Answer: The first 4 chapters of Chemical Applications of Group Theory by F A Cotton* should be enough for your student. However there are numerous books available.
Again LibreText Chemistry (formerly known as UC Davis ChemWiki, link via the Internet Archive) has a good documentation on group theory.
* The Internet Archive holds both the first edition by 1962, as well as the third by 1989. Both are  available as .epub and .pdf for a 14 day loan.
Answer: Several answers and comments have suggested general texts that have good foundation information; however if a student is writing a thesis, these sources will be insufficient since they are geared towards the teaching of group theory rather than the application of group theory to generate new knowledge.  Even at an undergraduate level, there should be an attempt to generate new knowledge in a thesis.  To do this, the student would need to get her nose in the chemical literature, and I assume any student in an ACS accredited undergraduate program has experience with literature searches.  My very brief survey of group theory reviews came up with the following potentially interesting areas:

understanding the structure of natural and synthetic perovskites, which have a number of technological applications. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (2013), 25(17), 175902
Stereochemistry of medicinal compounds:  Helvetica Chimica Acta (2013), 96(1), 4-30.
the role of group theory in furthering our understanding of superconductivity:  Comptes Rendus Physique (2011), 12(5-6), 532-541.
Group theory and biomolecular conformations: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (2010), 22(32), 323103/1-323103/21.
A somewhat esoteric area of nuclear point groups:  Acta Physica Polonica B (2013), 44(3), 305-318.

Almost certainly, a senior has encountered the importance of symmetry in Inorganic Chemistry and IR spectroscopy, and these areas may be more accessible to the student.  In the end, however, good questions and topics for a senior thesis are going to require getting ones nose in the literature.


What kind of food does God eat?

Question: Do gods eat their own creations; Do they have any appetite?
Answer: At spiritual level, God need not literally "eat" the food in human appetite sense. But as a devotee, out of love one offers food to the god in order to remember him. God even in their material form also consumes whatever is offered to them with true love and devotion. For example, below thread discusses, how a simple "bitten rice" was enough for Krishna to be gratified towards Sudama:
Why did Rukmini stop Lord Krishna from eating beaten rice given by Sudama a second time?
We should offer (& eat) Sattvik food to the [demi]gods, because the nature of Sattva is closest to the God. Below is the general guideline for the Sattvik foods:

BG 17.8 — Foods dear to those in
  the mode of goodness increase the duration of life, purify one's
  existence and give strength, health, happiness and satisfaction. Such
  foods are juicy, fatty, wholesome, and pleasing to the heart.

  In one of the interesting event of Mahabharata, during forest exile of 13 years, sage Durvasa & his follower Brahmins pay surprise visit to Paandavas. All the food was already consumed and hence Draupadi was not having any chances of serving the food. Krishna arrives at the last moment and eats just 1 leftover morsel of rise and with his Yoga maya, he makes all the Rishis content with food and saves the day.
Comment: plus one for God need not literally "eat" the food in human appetite sense that you mention, But I think  BG 17.8 here Krishna Describe Features of Sattvik food , that human should eat, But as a God he don't need to eat but with love  he only accept a leaf, a flower, a fruit or water that he Mention Bg 9.26.  I also agree as Human form God accept everything  that human should eat.
Comment: @BhavinChhatrola, In those times mostly people were financially well-off, at least the *Kshatriya*s like Arjuna. But Krishna stresses on love rather than material. So actually the BG 9.26 suggests that lord *even* accepts leaf, flower, fruit & water, if served with love. Otherwise just think, if those are the only 4 items, then how about so many genuine people offering coconut & milk to Shivalinga, or 56-bhogas to Thakorji, laddoos to Ganesha & various other items to various demigods. There are traditions in various sects where people offer all food for lunch to God 1st before they consume.
Comment: "There are traditions in various sects where people offer all food for lunch to God 1st before they consume"  because  Krishna says in [Bg 3.13 ][(http://www.vedabase.com/en/bg/3/13) ] The devotees of the Lord are released from all kinds of sins because they eat food which is offered first for sacrifice. Others, who prepare food for personal sense enjoyment, verily eat only sin.
Comment: @BhavinChhatrola, translations by Prabhupada are often erroneous. The one you linked is 1 of the classic examples. Worse that he even locked all his writings for any future alterations even done in good spirit. So ISCKON has found a good way of keeping the "word by word translation" for slokas. There is no word as "offer" in that sloka. The actual meaning is *"Devotees who eat after Yajna are relieved from all sins, but those eat sin who prepare food for sense enjoyment"*. In this context, I explained the meaning of terms "demigods" & "Yajna" in http://hinduism.stackexchange.com/a/8553/1049.
Comment: @BhavinChhatrola, we often see the meaning of *Yajna* as Sacrifice, i.e. *Hom-havan* & *Kriya Kanda*, but it's not all. For Karmayogis or Gyanyogis such things may not be relevant. All has to do *Yajna*. The actual meaning of *Yajna* is "perseverance"(*Parishrama*). The demigods are elements of nature. Now you try to get sense of BG 3.13. If one eats after doing duty would be relieved of the sins of harming plants or whatever they consume, because they consume food to retain themselves. So that again they can perform duties towards *Devata*s. Notice that all the *Deva*s are elements of nature.
Comment: Let us [continue this discussion in chat](http://chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/30430/discussion-between-iammilind-and-bhavin-chhatrola).
Answer: In Geeta lord Krishna Says

patraṁ puṣpaṁ phalaṁ toyaṁ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati tad ahaṁ
  bhakty-upahṛtam aśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ [Bg 9.26]
If one offers Me with love and devotion a leaf, a flower, a fruit or
  water, I will accept it.

Bg 9.26
Its Clearly mention by lord Krishna he will accept a leaf, a flower, a fruit or water

What kind of food does God eat?


My baby girl is 12 months old

Question: She is eating only blended food she can not eat solid food without blend and that make me very sad to see my baby not gaining proper weight for her age. Now she is 9 kg. Please help me what should I do to introduce her for solid food without blend. Other than that she also not interest sometimes even for blended food she try to vomit. Please can you help me ?
Comment: Hi and welcome to Parenting.SE! Please take the [tour](https://parenting.stackexchange.com/tour) and read the [help center](https://parenting.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic). Did you already see a doctor?
Comment: Have you tried not blending the food quite as much? Leave it a little chunky and gradually make it more solid.
Comment: Have you tried giving her cucumber or strawberries to suck on? (good for teething too). I've seen products that have a baby handle and a net for the food, if you're worried about accidental choking.
Comment: Weight seems OK. Is she losing weight? What kinds of solids have you tried? Try foods she can hold and feed to herself to introduce things.
Comment: This question is similar and answers may be helpful, but I feel it's slightly different because that focuses on a child with little interest in eating, rather than the gagging/vomiting aspect https://parenting.stackexchange.com/questions/2452/how-can-i-switch-an-exclusively-breastfed-1-year-old-to-food?rq=1
Answer: Some degree of gagging, even occasional vomiting is normal in a child who is learning to eat solid foods. The baby's gag reflex is more sensitive and farther forward than an adults.  It becomes less so as a child grows, through a combination of time/maturing and the process of experiencing food texture and learning how to take an appropriate size bite of food, chew and manipulate food with the mouth and tongue.
In general, it's okay if a child under one doesn't get a lot of nutrition from solid foods.  Milk/Formula supply a large component of the baby's calories and nutrition until one year of age, but the exact timing can vary from one child to the next.  You shouldn't be forcing her to eat against her will at this age, as it can foster a bad relationship with food that could make feeding during her toddler years a real difficulty.
There are a few things you can try:
Gradually increase the thickness and chunkiness of her blended food to get her used to more texture.
Try to make meals pleasant and stress-free.  Don't feed her if she's unwilling or turns her face away.  Have her eat with the rest of the family to learn by watching and try to make it a happy and social occasion.
Offer her finger foods, teething biscuits, fruit, small bits of whatever the family is eating, etc.  She will probably mostly play with these at first if she is accustomed to being spoon fed, but in the course of time she should begin to feed herself.  Offer her utensils to use, but don't fret if she only uses her hands.  Touching and playing with the food is a valuable part of becoming accustomed to different textures.
If you feel that she is not improving her eating skills, or she loses weight, or if you are very concerned, consider asking her doctor to a referral to feeding therapy.  This kind of treatment can be helpful for children with major food aversions, difficulty swallowing, or other medical reasons for eating problems.
Answer: Hi highly recommend researching a method called Baby Led Weaning. There are books on this topic as well as some extremely helpful facebook groups.
We did this with our daughter and she has been self-feeding and and eating solids since 6 months old.  But PLEASE research the method first before going in to it.  Learning the difference between gagging and chocking is extremely important, as are food sizes, shapes and consistencies.
Here are some resources:
Facebook Group: Baby Led Weaning for Beginners
Book: Baby Led Weaning
Our daughter eats what we eat - no preparing separate meals for her. We've never made or given her purees.  When we go out for dinner, we don't even have to order her her own meal - she eats bits of ours.  Best of luck to you!

My baby girl is 12 months old


KDE install dirs

Question: I'm trying to write correct CMakeLists.txt file for my new KDE project. However, I have some troubles with KDE install directories.
Part of my installation commands in cmake file looks like below:
INSTALL(TARGETS photolayoutseditoreffectplugin_blur DESTINATION ${PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR})
INSTALL(FILES photolayoutseditoreffectplugin_blur.desktop DESTINATION ${SERVICES_INSTALL_DIR})
INSTALL(TARGETS photolayoutseditor ${INSTALL_TARGETS_DEFAULT_ARGS})
INSTALL(PROGRAMS plugin/photolayoutseditor.desktop DESTINATION ${XDG_APPS_INSTALL_DIR})
INSTALL(FILES plugin/photolayoutseditorui.rc DESTINATION ${DATA_INSTALL_DIR}/photolayoutseditor)
INSTALL(FILES effects/photolayoutseditoreffectplugin.desktop DESTINATION ${SERVICETYPES_INSTALL_DIR})
INSTALL(FILES borders/photolayoutseditorborderplugin.desktop DESTINATION ${SERVICETYPES_INSTALL_DIR})

As you see there are few install dirs which are set by KDE package. Below I write those variables with their values in my cmake script:
${DATA_INSTALL_DIR} = /usr/local/share/apps/
${SERVICES_INSTALL_DIR} = /usr/local/share/kde4/services/
${SERVICETYPES_INSTALL_DIR} = /usr/local/share/kde4/servicetypes/
${PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR} = /usr/local/lib/kde4/

As you see all of this paths contains "local" folder. After such installation my project is still invisible for my system. I checked those paths using kde4-config and it tells me:
kde4-config -path data = /usr/share/kde4/apps/
kde4-config -path services = /usr/share/kde4/services/
kde4-config -path servicetypes = /usr/share/kde4/servicetypes/
kde4-config -path lib = /usr/lib/

So why paths inside cmake file are different from those from kde4-config tool?
I'm sure that kde4-config tells me correct paths becouse when I moved my project files to those directories (without "local" folder in url) my project becomes visible for my system and it works. How to properly configure install paths for my cmakelists.txt ??
Thanks for any help in advance!
Best regards!
Comment: Ok. Problem solved ;P I'd missed one doc page on kde.org. The key is "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=`kde4-config --prefix`"
Comment: You should answer your own question and accept it rather than simply commenting on it... That way you get some reputation points and others can see that there is an answer to the question already.
Answer: when you run cmake, add the flag
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=`kde4-config --prefix`

KDE install dirs


Is a dress code beneficial in a company?

Question: Are there any studies on whether a dress code is beneficial to any/some companies, as opposed to just adopting "casual Fridays" all week long?
Comment: This question is to broad and not constructive in its current form.  Beneficial how, to whom, and for what purpose?
Comment: Well... I can't find a study, but if you change up the question I may be able to answer ;-)
Comment: @Jae Well, you can answer and if nobody else comes up with a study, I can accept that answer;)
Comment: Not quite an answer but somewhat related - WSJ article that mentions multiple studies in the dangerous of different types of garments: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204909104577235313412770808.html
Answer: As chad said the term beneficial is fairly broad, however I'll take t to assume you mean beneficial in the sense your employees are happier and hence more productive and hence provide greater benefit to the company in regards to their output => money value.
I'm not aware of any studies (I'm sure there are some though) but it would be my opinion that different professions have the impression of requiring different levels of dress.  For example if I saw a group of of lawyers in the office wearing shorts and shirts my first impressions might be one of un-professionalism.  However if I saw a builder coming to work in their sunday best I might be a bit concerned.
Basically to some degree society has dictated our dress sense in the work place.  However I've always worked best when I could wear what I felt comfortable at the time and felt like I had the support of the company to make the right decision if I had to dress more approprietly i.e. meeting a customer for an important business deal and they wear suits to work.
I've never really been a fan of dress down fridays.  I've preferred a fairly loose dress standard all week with the emphasis put on the employee to ensure they dress appropietly.  I guess there would be a certain standard but it would be flexible enough to cover those who enjoy wearing jeans to work over those who enjoy wearing dress pants and suit etc
In summary.  I believe dress standards can have an effect on performance if people dress casual then they relate that into working casual.  However it can also be determined on society expectations as well as the individual.  Dressing casual (or smart) just might be one way to get the best out of the team and help develop the kind of work atmosphere your looking for.
Comment: by defining an "appropriate dress standard" you've effectively already created a dress code, albeit a possibly fairly loose one (though I've seen companies that had only such "appropriate dress standards" which effectively were dress codes as only 3 piece suits, white shirts, and dress shoes were considered "appropriate dress" despite this not being written down anywhere. IMO dress codes/standards are in general detrimental. If people are uncomfortable, they're unlikely to perform to the best of their capacities, and any such "standards" only exist to force people to dress in ways
Comment: ctd... they feel uncomfortable in.
Answer: Well, casual Fridays all week would mean they aren't casual any more, right?
Most companies, depending on the type of services they provide, need some sort of dress code to appease customers.
In a suit and tie environment, casual Fridays may be casual but still implies some sort of dress code, e.g. no shorts and flip flops. It gives the folks a chance to relax a bit (especially for the women I think) but doesn't really significantly degrade the overall impression that a customer might get.
If all days were casual days, I think the variance between what is acceptable and what is not rapidly gets out of hand because there is no longer any "standard" and humans being what we are will gradually "down-dress" until management eventually gets pissed off and steps in anyway. Only difference is by that time, egos get bruised.
Comment: Well, my wife normally wears a dress and spends an hour getting ready for work. Fridays its like jeans and a T-shirt and she's normally ready in 20 mins. I THINK a big part of the time savings is in the make up.
Comment: As Kris states, dress codes almost always apply only (or more strictly) to male employees. e.g. most places I've encountered them men had very strict requirements (suit, tie, dress shoes of polished leather, even colours dictated) while women were only told things like "skirts below the knee and no bare shoulders and belly buttons". Illegal? possibly. Actionable? Only if you care to lose your job over it (which in itself is probably illegal but try to keep your job for long once you've started legal action against your employer).
Comment: Just curious what you meant by "especially for the women I think." I work in a "suit and tie environment" with casual Fridays, and the women pretty much wear the same sorts of things all week. Fridays see the most difference in the men's dress when they can wear polos and khakis instead of suits and ties.
Comment: Wait, does your wife's work require her to wear makeup?? Is that even legal??
Comment: She works in a law firm and it's customary to look the part. And no, it's probably not legal but there really isn't much you can do about it.
Answer: Well it depends on the following points -

which kind of business you are in
do your employees contact the customer face-to-face or not
What kind of corporate culture is in your company (such as more
formal, less formal, average etc.)

There can be more points added to the above list. If you are in service industry and your employees meets the customer frequently such as in banking and finance industry, a strict dress-code is must (Can be relaxed a bit for operations and processing guys). Generally in IT industry dress codes are more relaxed(Not for Business development guys).
So until unless we have a subject industry, we can not say whether it's beneficial or not to have a dress-code in our company.


Time-frame for naming a newborn girl

Question: I have heard many differing Minhagim as to the time-frame for naming a newborn girl. There are those that name at the first possible opportunity and some that wait till the second Shabbos. Many others name sometime in between these extremes. My father's Minhag was to name a girl not earlier than 3 days after she was born. What are the reasons and sources behind the various differing Minhagim?
Comment: _R' Shalom_ of Belz is quoted by [_Taame Haminhagim_](http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=14556&pgnum=409) as saying to wait until the baby's fifth day of life, or until _Shabas_ if that's the third day. No reason (or citation to a written work) is offered there, which is why this data point is being offered as a comment rather than an answer.
Comment: Keter Shem Tob of Shem Tob Gaguine (תקפא לט) perhaps suggests the custom in London (of Western Sephardim) was to name ASAP. He comments on a formula of prayer found in the daily Siddur that the ש''ץ would use to announce the name. No specific reason is provided re: timing.

He states that in Israel, Syria, and Egypt, one waited until the subsequent Shabbat after birth. This suggests that KS''T reads this as an issue of form. No specific time frame is proscribed dafka because form supersedes timing with regards to naming a baby girl.
Comment: Just added in the above comment since looked it up and the KS''T seems extremely puzzled by the practices he observes. Perhaps those with expertise in certain minhagim (e.g., Egyptian) could help out with this question. It's tough to put in the leg-work and not come up with anything!
Comment: [Related](http://www.myjewishlearning.com/life/Life_Events/Newborn_Ceremonies/History_and_Themes/Ceremonies_for_Girls/History_of_Brit_Bat.shtml)...I found this interesting
Comment: In Karlin-Stolin they wait until the 2nd Shabbos after the baby was born. I don't know what the explanation is. One once wanted to say it has to do with the 14 days of tumah that an isha has after giving birth to a girl -- however l'dati unlikely that that is the reason why Stolin does this (as it's not always 14 days of course after the birth.)
Comment: http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=20190&st=&pgnum=70
Answer: Rav Menashe Klein (Mishneh Halachot 6:254) quotes the Labavitcher Rebbe [I assume the most recent one] that naming a child is when the Kedushat Yisrael (lit: the Holiness of [the People of] Israel) descends upon the child. He uses this to explain the custom of those who name the daughter as soon as possible. (Note that Minchat Yitzchak 4:107 makes the same suggestion quoting the Darchei Teshuva who supports the idea from Genesis 2:19.) Tzitz Eliezer (14:21) proves that naming a daughter must is so important that it must be done immediately from a ruling of Derisha (YD 360:2) that when faced with a wedding and a daughter-naming, one should first name the daughter.
Minchat Yitzchak suggests that those who wait until Shabbat do so because during the week one is busy and cannot relax and celebrate sufficiently. He also speculates that perhaps Shabbat is chosen because it is an appropriate time for the mitzva of Peru Urvu as evidenced by the onah of talmidei chachamim (Ketubot 62b). Finally, Rav Klein suggests that Shabbat is chosen because absent the ceremony surrounding a Brit Milah, we choose a very public event such as Shabbat (cf. Gittin 59b).

Time-frame for naming a newborn girl


Submit a Form to a new Tab more than once

Question: I am trying to build a simple form for sending a newsletter:
<form method="post" id="newsletter_form" action="">
        Newsletter Subject:

        <input type="text" name="subject" class="textField large" id="subject" />

        Newsletter Contents:

        <textarea class="textField" rows="6" cols="40" name="contents" id="contents"></textarea>
</form>

And then two buttons, one of them sets the action to a preview page, and target to _blank, to open in a new tab, and then the other button sets another action, and removes the target, so that it submits normally and sends out the newsletter. However, hitting the preview button only works once in Chrome/Safari.
I have searched, and found out that this is a bug in Chrome and Safari. However, I am trying to bypass this by creating another form using jQuery, with a different ID, removing the first form, and making the preview submit that second form. This still doesn't work. It works for IE and Firefox, just not in Webkit based browsers.
Is there any way to get around this?
Answer: This seems to work for webkit. Not sure how it will work for IE.
$("#newsletter_form").submit(function(){
    $("#newsletter_form").submit();
 });


Dead battery or?

Question: Jump started dead battery, took car out for test drive and to charge up battery, lost power without any warnings while driving, no lights came on just total power loss. Had to jump start car again cause no power. Started to drive home and again no warnings car went dead. Jump started again and finally got home safe and sound. Ran car for awhile, turned off car and again dead battery
Comment: Welcome to Motor Vehicle Maintenance & Repair! Have you checked the output of the alternator while the engine is running? Check the voltage at the battery before starting and after running. If there isn't much difference, take the alternator in to a parts store and have it checked for proper operation.
Answer: This points to one of two things, one indeed being a dead battery.  The other potential problem is that the alternator isn't producing any power to charge the electrical system.  If you have a battery charger, try charging the battery overnight and see if it's still dead after that.  Alternatively, have the output of the alternator tested to ensure it's producing charge.
If it were mine, I'd switch the battery with a known good spare but I do have a spare battery available so it would be a no-cost option for me.  If you don't have a battery, I'd take the car somewhere local that can test the output of the alternator first to avoid the expense of replacing a battery if it wasn't needed.  Most cars, once just started, with a healthy alternator ought to continue to run although most failed alternators will illuminate a warning light on the dashboard.

Dead battery or?


Do horizontal stabilisers provide any lift?

Question: Do jumbo and smaller airliners' horizontal stabilizers provide any lift? Apart from maintaining the aircraft's angle of attack, can they perform the dual function that includes adding some lift as well? Are there any aircraft designs that use horizontal stabilizers for lift as well, apart from delta wing aircraft?
Comment: This question cannot be answered without leading into debate. Even if you ask different university professors you get different answers. Most people think the stabilizer only creates down forces (as you can see down below), which is what they have been told again and again but this doesn't make it any more or less correct. All I know is that the math also allows for the stabilizer to create an upwards lift with the aircraft still being stable and controllable and depending on the flight situation you can have significant positive lift.
Comment: I don't know about airliners, specifically, but I am just about certain that I have seen it stated that a stabilizer may produce lift at low speed, particularly with the C of G aft (but still within limits), but I cannot find the reference. The context was with respect to sailplanes: the author was explaining that this is not the benefit it might seem (and certainly not worth aiming to achieve an aft C of G for) because this lift comes at the cost of a higher drag than if it were generated by the wing.
Comment: @sdenham: If the lift is in proportion to the respective aspect ratios, moderate tail lift will indeed produce the lowest overall induced drag. That is what good competition glider pilots aim for. Your run-of-the-mill weekend glider pilot will be more comfortable with neutral to slightly negative lift on the tail, however. [Here](https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/do-any-airplane-designs-exist-that-dont-involve-a-flight-surface-that-provides/22090#22090) is where you might have read about positive tail lift.
Comment: @PeterKämpf Thanks for the link, though that's not the reference I am thinking of. I think it was from a blog post from, or hosted by, a German sailplane manufacturer - maybe Glaser-Dirks, and it might have been a predecessor to this one: https://www.dg-flugzeugbau.de/en/library/optimum-cg-sailplanes
Comment: @PeterKämpf would competition canard glider pilots (if these even exist) aim for positive or neutral lift?
Comment: @qqjkztd: Certainly positive lift. The canard glider would use a high aspect ratio canard with plenty of camber.
Comment: "Are there any aircraft designs that use horizontal stabilizers for lift as well?" -- absolutely-- see related answer "https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/22087/do-any-airplane-designs-exist-that-dont-involve-a-flight-surface-that-provides/76837#76837
Answer: The horizontal stabilizer provides lift, but usually in the negative direction.
Could one provide positive lift?
The answer depends on cg location.
Forward CG, the answer is no.
Aft CG, the answer is yes but only if the CG was aft of the center of lift.
In other words, the more forward the CG is compared to the center of lift, the more downforce the tail must provide.  The lift from the horizontal stab in the "wrong direction" must be countered by the wing, and thus there is more induced drag.  For a given aircraft gross weight and thrust/power, there will be a higher cruise speed with a more aft CG.
There are practical limits to extreme fore and aft CG positions, and so each aircraft has an allowable "envelope" for loading for safety margin.
Aircraft are designed to have a range of allowable CG locations to make loading easier before the flight (especially for cargo aircraft), and also to allow for passengers & crew to move about the cabin in flight.
Horizontal stabilizers could be sized smaller but that would decrease loading flexibility, decrease passenger comfort, and decrease aircraft handling performance; often all airfoils and control surfaces are designed with many factors in mind, for good control harmony, good ride in rough air, for stability on instrument approaches, for flexible loadings of various belly and main deck cargo holds / passenger configurations, etc.
Flying wings and delta wing designs come to mind as aircraft without horizontal stabilizers, such as the Northrup Spirit or Convair Delta Dart.
Your other question, would manufacturers design horizontal stabilizers to provide lift?
Hopefully you can see by now this is not a design goal.  Wing design is so advanced that designers are making amazingly beautiful and high-performance wings that are most efficient at creating lift.  Look at a Gulfstream V wing or Boeing 747 wing.  It is not efficient to create a wing that doesn't work great and then needs an additional surface to help make more lift.  Exceptions to that might be bi-planes or tri-planes, as they used several shorter wings instead of 1 longer wing, but that is not practical in air transport.  How many Boeing Biplanes and Airbus Triplanes do you see traveling the globe? It's simply better to put all the lift needed into a single wing design.
Comment: "The horizontal stabilizer provides lift, but usually in the negative direction. Could one provide positive lift?" The answer depends mostly on intended pitch attitude, before considering center of gravity location in straight and level flight conditions.
Comment: To increase pitch, the tail provides a certain amount of down force (lift vector pointed down toward Earth). To decrease pitch, the tail provides less down force, but it is still negative lift. For a transport category aircraft whose load factor limits are +2.5g and -1.0g, there is hardly a need to have positive lift coming from the tail.
Answer: As a general rule, if the small surface is forward of the main wing, it lifts up.  If it's aft of the main wing, it lifts down (most of the time).
This is a gross oversimplification, but it's very useful to help with imagining what is going on in your mind.
An airplane with a normal tail is like a seesaw, except the pivot is not a solid point, but the middle of the lifting force generated by the wing.  One end of the seesaw has the center of gravity trying to tip it forward, like a kid sitting on the seat, and the other end is you pushing down to hold the kid up, or in the airplane's case, the horizontal tail pushing down against the moment of the center of gravity acting forward of the center of lift, to keep it in balance.   If you broke off the horizontal tail, the airplane would point straight at the ground, as if you let go of the seesaw seat on your end and let the kid drop.
An airplane with a canard surface at the front and a large wing at the back is more like a dump truck.  There is a big axle at the back holding most of the weight, and a little axle at the front holding up a minority of the weight.
Both axles are holding up - and both the canard airplane's surfaces are lifting, but the ones at the back are doing most of the actual work.  The center of gravity is close to the end with big axle (the main wing), and the axle at the front end (the canard surface) only doing a small portion of the total holding up (or lifting) because its job is mostly about control (control over pitch and speed in the airplane, control over steering and braking in the truck).
Airplanes with three surfaces, both a tail and the back and a canard on the front, are kind of like a seesaw but with a little support stick under the kid to help hold him up so you don't have to push down as hard at your end (the tail).  Kind of a seesaw/dump truck hybrid you might say.
Comment: Yes, sort of...they are called flying wings and they use special airfoil shapes that are naturally stable in pitch by generating the "seesaw" balancing downforce right at the trailing edge.  It's the same balance of forces, just all done within the wing chord.  Since the seesaw balancing act is being done over an extremely short arm - the trailing edge is a lot closer to the center of lift than a tail out back, the center of gravity range is very restricted and they tend to be very touchy to control in pitch. That's why you don't see them all over the place. Good configuration for gliders tho.
Comment: An aircraft with a conventional (tail) horizontal stabilizer is designed with the CoG forward of the centre of pressure - a nose-down force. The stabilizer provides a 'downward'-acting force on the tail (opposite to the lift generated by the wing) to oppose and balance the nose-down force.  This provides pitch stability: it returns the aircraft to its original pitch when it has been perturbed by a nose up- or down- force such as would result from turbulence.  Without this damping mechanism the plane would be pitch-sensitive to the point of being unflyable.
Comment: is it not possible to have adesign that moves the wings a bit forward to the point the horizontal stabilizers are not necessary?
Answer: Any canard design will use the horizontal stabilizer for lift.
Airliners historically used downforce on their tails in order to have sufficient static longitudinal stability, but the more recent designs use a small amount of lift in cruise and keep stability up by artificial means. A tail tank is sometimes used to shift the center of gravity sufficiently back.
Tail lift in trimmed flight varies when a cambered airfoil is used. Wings using cambered airfoils will usually result in positive tail lift at high angle of attack and moderate to rear center of gravity locations. Usually, the loading of the tail should be low in order to allow for enough margin for maneuvering.
Note that the negative airfoil camber at the root of a tailplane helps to keep the isobars on the sweptback surface parallel up to the root, so this is not immediately an indication of predominantly negative tail loads. Negative nose camber on the tail also helps to delay flow separation on the tail at high negative loads, which are needed to trim the aircraft with full flaps.
Answer: The opposite.  Generally the tail pushes down on the aircraft. While the wings push the fuselage up,  the horizontal stabilizer pushes the tail down.  Yes, this does increase load on the wings.
Look closely at the airfoil on a horizontal stabilizer, you can see it is inverted.
Also, if you look at the range of motion on fully movable horizontal stabilizers on jetliners, the vast majority of their range is negative AoA.

Source
Comment: Lift is lift.  It acts roughly perpendicular to the chord of an airfoil; to which side of that chord line depends only on the airfoil and angle of attack.  What you call 'anti-lift' is lift generated by the horizontal stabilizer that acts 'downwards' (toward the lower surface of the airframe) _in conventional flight_.  The lift is not affected at all by the aircraft's orientation relative to gravity.
Comment: @a.out okay....
Answer: For stability reasons tails generate a down force.
It would in theory be possible to have a horizontal stab generate lift (upward force) by compensating for the resulting instability with a fly by wire system, but the wing/tail system would always be less efficient at generating lift then just making the main wing a little bigger.
Comment: This is an old and hard to dispel misconception. I had airliner pilots insist on it, but it is still wrong. Stability with positive tail loads is possible - all you need is [less lift per area on the rear surface](https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/47306/does-static-longitudinal-stability-require-download-on-the-tail).
Comment: I agree that for longitudinal stability that the CG must be forward of the center of pressure CP. But you also need for stability that when the angle of attack of the main wing = 0, the moment about to the CG must be positive. Otherwise you have a lawn dart. To get this, you need downward force on the tail when the main wing is at zero lift. For sure the tail will be generating downward force in a stable configuration for at least some flight conditions. Haven't thought it through beyond that.
Comment: Of course you have a downforce on the tail if the plane is stable and the wing is at zero lift. How else would you satisfy the condition of less lift per area on the tail? But most of the times the wing produces considerable positive lift - that is what it is designed for. This leaves enough margin for some positive lift on the tail, too. And if the center of gravity is ahead of the center of pressure, the aircraft will pitch down. Both have to be at the same lengthwise location for straight flight.


What is the relationship between Dark Souls and Demon's Souls?

Question: I just got a hold of Dark Souls but I have never played Demon's Souls before. I know the games are related and was just wondering to what degree in terms of storyline, characters, etc.
Comment: To add on to the answer provided, the games don't even take place in the same universe.
Answer: According to the developers, Dark Souls is not a direct sequel of Demon's Souls but a spiritual successor. So the story are not related even though the mechanics are really close, and the game are made by the same director and producer.
From an interview of the game director Hidetaka:

"What we we want to clear up is this is actually not a sequel to Demon's Souls - we're treating this as a brand new game created by the same director and producer," Miyazaki-san told CVG in an interview.
"Again it is created by the same director and producer, so the base concept and themes are very similar. However, the story itself as well as a lot of the game features have been recreated so that we can present this as a brand new title."
Answer: Although both games do not belong to the same universe, they share at least a common character (Patches).
Answer: It is stated in the beginning of Dark Souls, that in the age of ancients the world was filled with arch trees, and everlasting dragons and was shrouded by fog.
In Demon's Souls, when we first start off, the narrator explains how the fog swept across the land, killing much of humanity in the process. Demon's Souls contains arch trees and dragons.
So, yes, I believe it's in the same timeline, just pre-dating the Dark Souls games.  (There are a couple other clues but I suggest you search for them yourself.  Discovering lore in FromSoftware games is part of the fun)
Answer: Demon's Souls reveals that a divine creator named "Gawd" gave man a soul. He created the old one (the bringer of fog) to offset man. The great old one created demons to harvest the souls of man to grow his own power.
Dark Souls makes no mention of the existence of Gawd or the old one, but we're left with demons, fog, the harvesting of souls for some unknown purpose, and of course several other characters, items, and locations, do carry over from Demon's Souls into Dark Souls. Instead of Gawd, or King Allant (who I theorize might be connected to the Old Iron King/Ichorous Earth of Dark Souls 2) we have Gwyn and his family, who are referred to as gods, but are really more akin to the Greek pantheon or some group of superior humans empowered by their own spells and equipment. Of course, we know about their conflict with the dragons of the grey, which should connect a few dots.
I think FromSoftware is just doing their best to avoid legal trouble, as Atlus retained rights to the title "Demon's Souls," but Dark Souls might as well be titled "Demon's Souls 2."
Personally, I love it. I think it adds to the mystery and depth of the story. I believe King's Field, Demon's Souls, Dark Souls, and Bloodborne, are all interwoven and tell a much bigger story than we're so far able to decode. It's beautiful.


What are the advantages of using an image server?

Question: An image server for static images and possibly other static files (css, js, etc). Are they only used for large/popular websites? Secondly, are they only really beneficial when the images undergo some sort of processing (e.g. resizing)? I'm not a server guy, so this is unfamiliar territory for me. I'm working with IIS. Are there major differences if it's done on a subdomain (images.mywebsite.com) on the same server or on another separate machine.
Answer: The biggest advantage is that you can take your static content (which is usually the bulk of a site's traffic), and serve it off faster servers -- perhaps thttpd instead of apache, since you don't need all the extra power of apache, or you could mirror them on multiple servers so that they're served closer to where your user is actually from.
Usually, this isn't something you would need to worry about until your site gets fairly large.
Answer: If your site isn't very large, and one server can handle all the traffic you anticipate. Simply adding something like static.yourdomain.com via DNS, and linking all your static content off that can provide some benifits because browsers will only do two downloads per DNS name at the same time.
So having

css.yourdomain.com
img.yourdomain.com
www.yourdomain.com

can yeild 6 concurrent downloads over HTTP. This can induce extra DNS lookups, but ideally those will be very quick.
This setup can be done all on the same server, simply with different DNS entries, and when your site is big enough to require separate servers, you can change the DNS and only host the related content under each subdomain.
Answer: Using an image server allows you to serve the images from shorter requests.  All the domain specific cookies get dropped.  It also makes it easier to set caching policies.  If the static content is on a separate server, you can set a caching policy for it without caching your dynamic content.
Securing the static content is simpler as well.  The server can be restricted to answering only GET requests.  Referrer restrictions can be added as well, although they are easy to bypass.
Log analysis is also easier as you don't need to filter or process log entries for images and other non page content.


According to Aquinas, why doesn't God need a cause but everything else does? Why would God resolve the problem of infinite regress?

Question: Do you think the explanation for the universe could be something physical or does it have to be metaphysical?
Comment: You have it the wrong way around. According to the cosmological argument, *something* has to stop the infinite regress, and God is implicated by what is now called "inference to the best explanation", see [SEP, Necessary Being](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cosmological-argument/#NeceBein). If we already believe the conclusion about existence of the prime cause, and God is available anyway, he seems like a natural candidate to fill the spot.
Comment: Does this answer your question? [Why can there only be one necessary being, as opposed to two or thirty seven?](https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/43087/why-can-there-only-be-one-necessary-being-as-opposed-to-two-or-thirty-seven)
Comment: It cannot be physical. if it were then space-time would have to be fundamental as well. Conifold's comment explains the 'first cause' question, but we would need to go to Lao Tsu to explain a causeless cause. For him the world is as it is 'Tao being what it is'. No mention of a first cause. The buck has to stop somewhere. Materialism requires God much as Conifold suggests, but there are alternatives.    .
Answer: The argument against a materialist cause and a metaphysical cause is a very old one that is much older than Aquinas. The Brahma Sutras addresses the regressus in infinitum against the Vaisesika philosophy (Indian materialist, atomists - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaisheshika). In Brahma Sutra 2.1.12 - 2.1.14, (Chapter 2, Section 2 Adhikarana 3, here - https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/brahma-sutras):

Adhikarana summary: Refutation of the atomic theory of the Vaiseshikas
Having answered the objection against the Vedantic view, the author of the Sutras now proceeds to refute the Vaiseshika philosophy.
Brahma-Sutra 2.2.12: Sanskrit text and English translation.
उभयथापि न कर्मातस्तदभावः ॥ १२ ॥
ubhayathāpi na karmātastadabhāvaḥ || 12 ||
ubhayathāpi—In either case; na—is not; karma—activity; ataḥ—therefore; tat-abhāvaḥ—negation of that.

In either case (viz. the Adrishta, the unseen principle, inhering either in the atoms or in the soul) the activity (of the atoms) is not (possible) ; therefore the negation of that (viz. of creation through the combination of atoms).

If the world is created by the combination of atoms, the question is, what causes this combination? If it is a seen cause, it is not possible before the creation of the body. A seen cause can either be an endeavour, or an impact, or the like. Unless there is the connection of the soul with the mind, there can be no endeavour on the part of the soul, according to the Vaiseshika assumption. And since before creation there is no body and therefore no mind, endeavour cannot take place. Similarly with impact etc. If the cause is Adrishta (the unseen principle), does it inhere in the soul or in the atoms? In either case, it cannot be the cause of the first motion of the atoms; for this Adrishta is non-intelligent and so cannot act by itself. If it is inherent in the soul, the soul being then inert, there is no intelligence tc guide this Adrishta. If it is inherent in the atoms, it being always present, a state of dissolution would be impossible, for the atoms will be always active. Again, the soul is without parts like the atoms, and so there is no possibility of any connection between the soul and the atoms. Consequently, if the Adrishta inheres in the soul, it cannot influence the motion of the atoms not connected with the soul. So in all cases original activity in the atoms is not possible, and in the absence of that there can be no combination of atoms, as the Vaiseshikas say. Consequently, the theory that the world is created by the combination of atoms is untenable.
Brahma-Sutra 2.2.13: Sanskrit text and English translation.
समवायाभ्युपगमाच्च साम्याद् अनवस्थितेः ॥ १३ ॥
samavāyābhyupagamācca sāmyād anavasthiteḥ || 13 ||
samavāya-abhyupagamat—Samavaya being admitted; ca—also; sāmyāt—equality of reasoning; anavasthiteḥ—'regressus in infinitum' would result.

(the Vaiseshika theory is untenable) also (because if involves) a regressus in infinitum on similar reasoning, since it accepts Samavaya.

Samavaya or inseparable inherence is one of the seven categories of the Vaiseshikas. They say it is this that connects the dyad with its constituents, the two atoms, since the dyad and the atoms are of different qualities. In that case Samavaya (inherence) itself also being different from these dyads and atoms, which it connects, another Samavaya will be required to connect it with these, and that in its turn will require another Samavaya to connect it with the first Samavaya and so on without an end. Hence the argument would be defective, and consequently the atomic doctrine, which admit Samavaya for combination, is inadmissible.
Brahma-Sutra 2.2.14: Sanskrit text and English translation.
नित्यमेव च भावात् ॥ १४ ॥
nityameva ca bhāvāt || 14 ||
nityam-eva—Permanently; ca—and; bhāvāt—because existing.

And because of the permanent existence (of the tendency to act or otherwise of the atoms, the atomic theory is inadmissible).

The atomic theory involves another difficulty. If the atoms are by nature active, then creation would be permanent, for dissolution would mean a change in the nature of the atoms, which is impossible. If on the other hand, they are by nature inactive, then dissolution would be permanent, and there will be no creation for the same reason. Their nature cannot be both activity and inactivity, they being contradictory. If they are neither, their activity and inactivity would depend on an efficient cause, like Adrishta, which being always connected with the atoms, they will always be active, and creation would be permanent. If on the other hand, there is no efficient cause, there will be no activity of the atoms and hence no creation. Consequently the atomic theory is again inadmissible.
Comment: Your answer would benefit from a paraphrased summary because the quoted material has a lot of figurative language that is hard to follow.
Answer: The best answer that I can give is that of the impossibility of actual infinity. Actual infinity is impossible because allowing it would allow all sorts of absurdities, such as Hilbert's Hotel. Therefore, the infinite regress must stop at some point, at which we have an uncaused cause. If God were to exist, then he would be an uncaused cause, so it is reasonable to assume that this uncaused cause is God unless you can think of a cause that could cause everything without being caused itself - a necessary being.
Answer: 1/0 = ∞
One (1) is infinitely larger than zero (0)
So it is with Existence (something), infinite to 'non-Existence' (nothing)
In the infinite Existence, the concept of non-existence can exist
The concept of existence however cannot exist in 'non-Existence' (because it cannot hold or contain anything)
Because you exist (the fact you are reading this), proves the falsehood of 'non-Existence'. (it cannot hold your existence, so itself must be false)
And so there is only the Infinite Existence.
What is Infinite Existence?
Because of its infinite nature, it can be everything simultaneously.
Is there an afterlife?
'non-Existence' is non-existent. Non-existence is only possible as a concept (not absolute) within the Infinite Existence.
Is there a Higher Power (by design)?
In the context of Infinite Existence, all things, shapes, ideas exist. The infinite aspect means complete chaos due to the fact that to define a thing or shape, one is faced with infinitely number of other things and shapes to define. There is no pattern, grouping and categorization possible. Now, against the backdrop of complete chaos, when we start observing pattern in our physical Universe i.e. golden ratio (Fibonacci), we can therefore conclude that it is absolutely by design. It is akin to discovering a trail of breadcrumbs in a virgin jungle. In the most fundamental level, the categorization of what is, and what is not is already the evidence of Design.
Comment: The downvote is a mistake. Could not correct it. Sorry.
Answer: Metaphorically speaking, see here
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VZEvPXlY0cYdw3XXWmiC1XS5lhZLHPvG/view?usp=drivesdk
Comment: Please do not post link-only answers. A link should only be given as a reference, with the post containing all relevant information, especially an explanation why the linked content is relevant in the first place.
Answer: I like Thom's answer. But it could be that you're asking a question slightly different than the one he answered. Maybe, for example, you're asking about the kinds of causal "first-ness" that feature in Aquinas's arguments about God as first mover, or first efficient cause (i.e., the first two of his "five ways" here). So just in case, I'll offer another answer from a different angle.
For Aquinas, God is fully actual, and not in any way potential. (See the first argument of the "I answer that" here, where he refers back to the passage I cited above.) That just means (roughly) that he has no capacity for undergoing change. And something with no capacity for undergoing change cannot be caused to be other than what it is (since that's what changing is).
So God cannot be moved or caused by anything. If the regress you're talking about is the regress of movers, then, God stops it because he isn't moved by anything. And if the regress you're talking about is the regress of efficient causes, God stops it because he doesn't have an efficient cause.
(If you want to know why Aquinas thinks God has no capacity for change, his arguments for that are in the second passage I linked above. I'd be happy to add a short explanation of those if you want it.)
If you want an Aquinas-style answer to your lattermost question, it's 'no'. I take it, when you say "universe", you're really asking about the set of all physical things—including a multiverse, if there is one. In that case, if the explanation of the universe were a physical thing, that would mean that the universe is explained by itself or by one of its parts (or members). But for A to explain B is for A to cause B—whether formally, materially, efficiently, or finally.* Properly speaking, nothing causes itself in any of those ways, and parts only cause their wholes materially—which, I assume, isn't what you're asking about.
*Here's a bit on these terms, in case you don't know what I mean.


How do I type in multiple languages on elementary OS?

Question: I hail from Asia and am fluent in three languages. This means that I often find myself switching keyboards when I have to type. However, I can't seem to find the way to type in other languages beside English (more specifically, Chinese and Japanese). After I install the language pack and select the keyboard layout for these languages as default, all it does when I switch keyboards is allow me to type English with what is basically an English keyboard.
Comment: do you want your keyboard to have a different layout with other characters (but one character per key), or are you looking for more advanced input methods like pinyin?
Answer: Go to Settings - Keyboard - Layout (3rd tab). Add a new language by clicking the plus sign (+) at the bottom left and selecting it from a list.

-Tip: You can quickly change between distributions by pressing Alt+Spacebar. The shortkey can be edited under Settings - Keyboard - Shortcuts - Universal Access - Next Keyboard Layout

Also, after adding multiple keyboard layouts, they should be accessible in a panel applet and be switched from there too with the mouse.
Answer: I found a solution in the russian community
Let me translate it.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install dconf-editor
Open dconf-editor
Go to org > pantheon > desktop > gala > keybindings
Set switch-input-source and switch-input-source-backward to ['']
To enable switching by Alt + Shift execute following command:

gsettings set org.pantheon.desktop.gala.keybindings switch-input-source "['<Alt>Shift_L', '<Alt>Shift_R']"
Note: you must press Alt first to switch the layout


Making pickles or preserves from hedgehog cucumbers (cucumis africanus)

Question: Tiny hedgehog cucumbers, cucumis africanus, are usually grown as ornamental.  The blurb in the seed catalogue mentions they were historically pickled and preserved, although they are rarely used for such purposes anymore.
I have been looking for any recipes using this cucumber (yes, I picked up the seeds), and have not had any success at all - I would appreciate any help in finding recipes.  I wrote to the seed supplier, and have not heard back from them yet (and I am not hopeful, since they are seed suppliers not african-recipe specialists).  I found no references at all to "hedgehog cucumbers" pickled, preserved, or in recipes in online searches, and exactly one reference to recipes (not actually included, just suggesting similarity to cucumis anguria) under the scientific name, cucumis africanus - which refers to different varieties in the article, and has pictures that look very different so the mention of recipes may be referring to a different variant.  I also looked up "magaka" and "monyaku" (which showed up as possibly local names in the scientific name search), and was unable to find any associated recipes.
I realize recipe requests are off topic, and while I will be overjoyed if someone has one to offer, my question is if someone can point me in the right direction to find them myself, if there are resources to find recipes for this cucumber that someone can recommend, preferably webpages or other resources I can access myself without undue trouble, or if anyone has any tips for how this kind of cucumber (similar to the true-gherkin or cucumis anguria) might have been pickled or preserved, to create my own recipe from.  This should be suitably on topic, if I understand the tags correctly.
I am not expecting culinary greatness out of these recipes, I am guessing that the pickles/preserves fell out of favor because they are sour or bitter, since poor flavor (or possibly poor texture) makes the most sense as to why an edible plant was abandoned - given some of the very strange things people eat.  Mostly I'm interested a) because I'm curious and want to know what they are and how they're used, and b) as a kind of joke for someone I know who is said to be willing to try anything new and different just-because, and will eat even "poisonous" things (safely prepared).
Answer: This isn't really an answer about the cucumber you mention, but actually the idea to pickle anything from crabapples to watermelon rinds...
My great grandmother (raised in the Great Depression) made pickled watermelon rinds. I'll never forget their unexpected crunch and sweetness. Here is a description, but basically sugar and salt them, add vinegar and spices (my grandmother used sumac among other spices) - but I am sure you know how to pickle.


How to remove the spots on my mirror

Question: The mirror in my restroom has got spots on it.
I tried washing it with soap and shampoo however they don't go away.
How can I get this mirror to shine again ?
Comment: A 'non-lifehack' method would be one of the many 'shower stall sprays' designed to do just this task, remove existing buildup & prevent future adhesion. [Not adding as an answer as it's a supermarket product not a hack.]
Answer: It looks like it is scale, which is build up chalk.
As with all scale, vinegar and lemon juice, among other things, will get rid of it.
Best option might be cleaning strength vinegar but all different kinds of vinegar as well as many kinds of lemon and lime juice will clean scale. I expect there are commercially made cleaners that will do the job, based on other accids as well as those I mention.
For as strong build up as this I would use a bit of undiluted vinegar or lemon juice on a bit of cloth or paper and just rub it on, wash it off after with plenty of water.
When using a commercial cleaner, follow instructions on the packaging. Some might be so much stronger that gloves are needed.
If it was clear glass I would submerge it in a vinegar solution, but some mirror backings, some glues and some frame materials will not do well in that.
To avoid a new build up, clean off your mirror after every use in which it gets wet. If the water where you live is hard (contains a lot of chalk) it might be needed to use a wipe with a bit of vinegar or lemon juice.
A lifehack to avoid water staying on the mirror is to wipe it with a little soap. Just a tiny bit, and wipe it off with a dry cloth or piece of paper.
This can be any kind of soap and it has to be a very little bit. Just drag a wet finger over a block of soap and use that little, or use the bit of liquid soap that is still on the dispenser after using it.
Comment: The lemon itself did the trick. Although I will need to do this thing regularly or just switch the mirrors between the washroom and the other ones.
Answer: You make a paste with the baking soda and water. it is the best cleaning solution I have ever used. It also cleans the buildup off of a curling iron and oil lamps.
Answer: The best possible thing you can do is go to your nearest grocery store and grab a bottle of windex! It's esspecially made for windows and mirror are extremely similar to mirrors. This is what i use and it leaves my mirrors spotless! Use this with either a paper towel or a clean towel and it will do the trick!
Answer: Baking soda and water. Clears it right up.
Comment: This is a very short answer, can you tell how he should use the baking soda? If you just throw in against the mirror it will fall off before you can add water.

How to remove the spots on my mirror


Turn on Text Replacement, Chrome?

Question: I know I'm supposed to enable text replacement via Edit > Substitutions > Text Replacement but… I cannot find that menu in Chrome at all. Help?
Comment: @JonathanA.Levi You can't reopen a question by posting a comment.  To add attention to a question you need to [open a bounty](http://apple.stackexchange.com/help/bounty).  To do that you have to offer [reputation](http://apple.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation), and it doesn't look like you have enough.  You can gain reputation by asking and answering questions that others will vote on.
Comment: @DanRosenstark I'm not sure, he made the same comment on another Chrome question, too.  I'm thinking he just needs help and is looking for others to pressure Google into fixing this.  But I could be wrong...
Comment: Re-opening this issue so someone will finally fix it once and for all... Please reply and let Google know if you've also suffered from this problem. https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=677537
Comment: @fsb looks like they're referring to reopening an issue on another website, right?
Comment: This works only for inboxed apps and apps downloaded from App Store, It will work in Mail, Notes, Safari, but not Outlook, Chrome, etc.
Answer: This is currently not possible because Chrome does few things its own way. Here is the bug that tracks this
https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=42434
Still if you dream about adding a comment there forget it, even if Chromium is Open-Source the team decided that they don't need external feedback and disabled the commenting.
There is also a thread on Google Forums about this bug. But again, Google closed the topic in order to avoid other comments.
https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/chrome/CAv_4eUkhzk
I guess that your only option would be use Twitter to tween about this issue. Be use that you mention @Google in your tweet. You will be surprised how reactive are big companies when their PR is affected by their poor experience.
Comment: I'm hopeful that this will be resolved eventually. [Another bug has been opened](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=716099) with 42434 listed as a blocker. The last comment in this more recent issue is, "Text prediction is being worked on right now. Once that's completed, we'll move on to emoji keyboard. Keep in mind, working with text in the web contents is difficult, so it will take some time."
Comment: Moved to Firefox more than 6mo ago and happy since!
Comment: How do you manage text replacement within Firefox?
Answer: Enter in terminal to activate text replacement across all applications:
defaults write -g WebAutomaticTextReplacementEnabled -bool true

Comment: Yes, it's only for apps that support the feature (ie. apps that already have the _Substitutions_ option in the _Edit_ menu. This terminal command just saves you the trouble of switching it on for all the apps that support it.
Comment: Thanks. The command ran with no problem, I restarted Chrome, but still... no dice. Is this correct for Yosemite?
Comment: Hmm, maybe this only automatically enables it for all supported application. Which chrome doesn't seem to be since it does not have the menu like you said. It seems to be a known issue, there are a few posts about it on the internet.
Answer: That feature appears to be specific to Safari on OS X; however, there are plenty of extensions for Chrome that imitate that functionality (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/auto-text-expander-for-go/iibninhmiggehlcdolcilmhacighjamp?hl=en for example).  It will not use the built-in OS X dictionary, unfortunately, but can sync dictionaries across Chrome browsers on the same account.
Comment: These a NOT specific to Safari and they are supposed to work with any application on OS X. This is a OS level functionality which can be enabled or disabled for specific apps if you want. Still, Chrome is doing something very-different which is breaking this. Chrome is the only app where this feature does not work.
Comment: This works only for inboxed apps and apps downloaded from App Store, It will work in Mail, Notes, Safari, but not Outlook, Chrome, etc.
Comment: Note:  The web extensions that do this in chrome have to by nature have very broad rights to everything you type and see while browsing, so you may want to weight the added value of substitutions against the extra security risk.

Turn on Text Replacement, Chrome?


How long can I store open wine for cooking?

Question: I bought a bottle of wine larger than required for my recipe. How and how long can I keep the remainder, so I can use it in cooking again? (In other words, it needn't be drinkable.)
Comment: @Max plenty of people cook with wine but don't drink it, don't drink at all, or don't drink alone but live alone,etc.
Comment: Can't you drink what's left ?
Comment: See also: https://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/85518/can-i-use-cooking-sherry-instead-of-red-wine-in-my-stew/85519#85519 for another idea that might be of help.
Answer: Wine has to be drinkable to be used in cooking, if it goes nasty you'll be adding the nasty flavors to your food! Don't cook with wine you wouldn't be happy to serve at your table.  Wine keeps for a long time in the refrigerator, so cap it back up as tight as you can and get it in there as soon as you can after using it.
Comment: This assumes that the "nasty" flavors are a) less or equally volatile than the ones you want in the food, and that b) they are not usually masked or suitable in a savory context (vinegar is a problem in drinking vine, not in many savory dishes!). Can you elaborate?
Comment: When a recipe calls for wine it isn't calling for vinegar @rackandboneman. If you leave wine out and it goes bad that's what you essentially have.
Comment: I too regularly keep wine that has soured for cooking, and though I would not call it nasty, it is also no longer wine, it is indeed vinegar even if it still has some alcohol in is.  Can still produce excellent dishes, but not the same ones as usually intended which wine.  And even if vinegar is intended, one does have to be careful that vinegar is what they have and not spoilage.
Comment: @dlb , I'm not saying to throw out wine that's old, it can make part of a nice salad dressing. Depends on the wine.
Answer: Tightly closed and in the fridge it will keep for a few days, maybe a week if you can tolerate it being a bit rough (which you can for some dishes like my tomato, smoked garlic and red wine sauce with chilli - in fact that doesn't want anything too delicate to start with).  If there's less than about 2/3 of the bottle left, transfer to a smaller container.
But that's not what I would do. Instead I'd freeze it in useful quantities. There are two things to bear in mind of you freeze wine: it expands (so use a bigger container than you think); and it doesn't go completely solid (so keep it the right way up). In the freezer it keeps indefinitely.
You don't want it to go far beyond drinkable, unless your recipe calls for vinegar as well, which you should use less of.
Answer: I freeze it.
I have a bag full of wine ice cubes that I can use when I want to deglaze a pan, or just need to add a little wine to a dish.
It lasts for months this way.  (at least, good enough for cooking with)
Answer: I recommend a Wine Pump Preserver, it's cheap and has open wine bottles last much longer.
Doing this and keeping the wine refrigerated should help the wine last longer otherwise taste and or smell for a sour or vinegar taste before use. Wine should be drinkable if used to cook with (exception being cooking wine for the drinkability but that also can still go bad).
Comment: This does not provide an answer to the question. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. - [From Review](/review/low-quality-posts/58747)
Comment: I hope my edit helped clarify.


How to debug TorBrowser?

Question: I've recently found, that my instance of TorBrowser crashes on "reddit.com".
I've tried to find any *.log file, like notice.log or debug.log. Nothing!
How can I DEBUG browser?
To be sure what exactly was a reason of a crash.
Answer: There is an entire chunk of the wiki dedicated to this subject.
Have a read of Debugging the Tor Browser.
(These are all either internal to Firefox or Linux/UNIX specific...I've no idea how you'd even approach this on lesser operating systems? Windows Event Logs and windbg? Can they reach the output of the extensions or firefox's logs to stderr in any way?)
Debugging web content.
If you're having issues with a website and want to figure out why it's not loading properly, then you want to use Firefox's built-in Developer Console, this can be activated by navigating from the pull down menu at the top Tools -> Web Developer -> Toggle Tools or using the Ctrl+Shift+i key combination.
This will present you with a few tabs of various tools, the most useful are:
Inspector
This allows you to view the currently rendered content. Unlike View Source this is the content as it has been interpreted, and after it may have been altered by any javascript executing in the context of the page. You can also edit or entirely delete sections of the page through this tool.
Console
This is a javascript console, it will contain any errors encountered when processing content on the page. This is also where console.log() will be output to. You can use this to execute javascript in the context of the page.
Network
This lets you watch network requests being made by the page, this can be handy for discovering if certain resources included by the page are failing to be fetched due to some error, it also allows you to manipulate and resend requests.
Debugging Tor
If you're having connectivity issues with Tor, then you can go into the Tor Button (Onion) menu and select Tor Network Settings, then Copy Tor Log To Clipboard. You can then paste the Tor log into a text editor to review it, or into a site like https://paste.debian.net to share it with others for them to review.
You should note that if you are using private bridges their addresses may appear unredacted in these logs and you should take steps to redact them manually.
Debugging Tor Browser Addons
The Tor Browser addons (Tor Button and Tor Launcher being the main candidates) have logging functionality with configurable levels of log output. You can edit these through the about:config page on Tor Browser.
For Tor Button, the numeric value at extensions.torbutton.loglevel defines how detailed the logs are and similarly for extensions.torlauncher.loglevel for Tor Launcher.
Valid values are 1 through 5 (inclusive), with 1 being the most detailed and 5 being the lest, are defined as 1 - VERBOSE, 2 - DEBUG, 3 - INFO, 4 - NOTICE, 5 - WARNING.
To access the output, you should run run Tor Browser from the command line using the bash script (is there a windows or osx equivalent?) with either the --debug option set, which will write the output directly to the console or --log to write them to file. --log logs them to tor-browser.log by default, in the top level of the Tor Browser directory, but this can be manually set through an optional argument, for example ./tor-browser_en-US/Browser/start-tor-browser --log /home/user/mylog.log.
Debugging Firefox
If the firefox process for Tor Browser is crashing, on Linux you can run the command ulimit -c unlimited before running it manually from the command line, as outlined in the previous section. This will allow you to generate a coredump of the process if it crashes, this will preserve it's current state and allow you to use binary debugging tools like gdb to view the state of the process during it's crash. How and where a coredump is stored is defined by a sysctl value in the kernel. You can check this value by running sysctl kernel.core_pattern, editing it requires root (for obvious reasons). Traditionally it just dumps to a file called core in $PWD.
First, to make things easier you will want to retrieve the debugging symbols, since these can be bulky, Tor Browser ships without them by default to conserve space. They are available as a separate download in at the Tor Projects distribution storage website. The file is named tor-browser-linux$ARCH-debug.zip, where $ARCH is wither 32 or 64, depending on your processor architecture, they also have a corresponding signature which you should verify before use.
Once downloaded, move into the tor-browser_en-US directory and extract the contents and move the Debug/Browser folder contained inside to Browser/.debug. gdb should now be able to load the symbols required to debug Tor Browser. Now you're ready to debug, load up gdb by running, for example gdb --core Browser/core Browser/firefox. You can then use gdb to debug the crash and view human-readable function names and other debugging information.
Comment: Sure, I'll expand on this a bit to include a summary of the stuff currently on the wiki.
Comment: Could you add some more description in your answer? The linked website could be gone or changed. So in general it is better to at least write a summary of the necessary steps. Thanks in advance

How to debug TorBrowser?


Is there any way to change your close reason?

Question: I've marked a question for closing, but I've realised it is incorrect.
Is there any way to change your close reason? Without retracting your current close vote?

My case is:
I've flagged this poorly written question (MINECRAFT WILL NOT WORK) for closing, but for the wrong reason.

unclear what you're asking
Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it's hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question.

Except, it's a clear duplicate (since it's asking for a Minecraft error code solution) that's already covered.

duplicate of...
This question has been asked before and already has an answer.

And it's the duplicate of... Is there a list of error codes for Minecraft?

RuntimeException: No OpenGL context found in the current thread. or
org.lwjgl.LWJGLException: Pixel format not accelerated
This means:

Your graphics card or driver is unable to handle Minecraft.

You can try:

It could be as simple as updating graphics drivers, but this doesn't happen often.

If this error occurs after installing or updating the operating system, you probably have default graphics drivers that do not support
OpenGL. Install the drivers provided by your graphics card
manufacturer instead of the default drivers.

Otherwise, you may need to purchase a newer graphics card for your PC.

The reason being:
You get this message:

closed as too broad by [5 peoples' names] at [Date]
There are either too many possible answers, or good answers would be
too long for this format. Please add details to narrow the answer set
or to isolate an issue that can be answered in a few paragraphs. If
this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center,
please edit the question.

Instead of a clear message (for the author):

This question already has an answer here:
[Duplicate question] # answers
Answer: When this happens I post the duplicate of message in the comments. Hopefully other users will close the question as a dupe, if not the link is still there.
Comment: I already did :)


Chess Position Trainer on Linux or Minimax on Linux

Question: Chess Position Trainer allows you to do leaf node evaluation and then minimax the results after that. Is it possible to install Chess Position Trainer on Linux? (I tried under mine, but couldn't), or is there any other software for Linux that can do minimax nodes?
Answer: Sorry, no. Chess Position Trainer only runs on Windows 7, 8, and 10.
See the system requirements here.
You could consider a virtual machine running Windows on a Linux host, but it will not run natively.
Comment: Ok, so only in Windows :( ,  but is it possible use syzygy in CPT ?, I can't find option to set up it in engine settings.
Comment: I just looked through the manual, and I did not see anything either. It might be because they seem more focused on the opening, and thus, it would not be relevant. You can always email them, and ask. Don't shoot the messenger. :)
Answer: I have not tried it, but you might be able to install Chess Position Trainer under Linux using WINE.  I haven't looked at WINE in a long time, but it's apparently a lot better than it was ~10 years ago when I last tried to do anything with it.
Comment: I tried wine, but it doesn't work.
Answer: There are oodles of programs for linux.  Take your choice.
Stockfish runs on linux.  And many other places too.
It is open source so you can modify the code to do what you want.
These are rated 'best' chess aps for Linux:
PyChess Advanced chess client following the GNOME Human Interface Guidelines   /////
Cute Chess  Graphical user interface, command-line interface and library   /////
Raptor  Chess interface for freechess.org (FICS) /////
Stockfish   Strong open source chess engine /////
Crafty  Highly competent chess engine  /////
Scid    Shane's Chess Information Database /////
SOSS    Chess pairing software /////
ChessDB Based on Scid with some enhancements /////
Jin Java based graphical client for internet chess servers /////
jose    Database with a graphical front-end for viewing and editing games /////
Knights Chess game for the KDE desktop environment /////
Xiphos  UCI chess engine with modern search techniques and multithreading /////
SCID and ChessX run on Linux as does SCIDvsPC
There are many fine engines for LINUX.
Stockfish and Critter are popular with one reviewer.
Comment: That is not what he is looking for though. He wants something akin to this http://www.chesspositiontrainer.com/index.php/en/
Comment: alas that did not show up in linux chess software lists.  he can use a browser in linux to access web sites with various training for chess.   and .the software noted CAN DO minimax modes he asked for.
Comment: I noticed that only pay chess softwares have minimax. Probably it is difficult to do it for programmers.


Where is the one count? How can I identify it? [Ella Fitzgerald: In A Mellow Tone]

Question: I'm attending a swing dancing class. We are counting from one to eight and start our dance on the one count. I'm struggling a bit to find the one count for the jazz tunes we dance to. Please, take for example the song Ella Fitzgerald - In A Mellow Tone and skip to the 3:15 timestamp. Listening from there, where is the one count (could you please tell me the timestamp) and how I can identifiy it? For other tunes I think I'm hearing that on the 7th and/or 8th count the music "intensifies" or slightly changes its pattern to imply the beginning of the new, following 8 counts but I don't hear it here...
Answer: I have had similar experiences with trying to find the 1.  I find it helps to remember that the heavy strokes on the snare are always on the 2 and the 4.  The bass drum seems to act as only an accent on the upright bass so you are going to rely on the bass to tell what the 1 is.  And part of the swing in swing is noticing that the bass has a slight bias towards that elusive downbeat.  So shuffle into you find that downbeat and then make the move.
Comment: Thank you, listening to the snare helps to to know where the 2 and 4 is. But I have a hard time focussing on the upright bass, especially with the other instruments overlaying. To me it yet seems that the upright bass plays on every beat (1,2,3,4) and I can't hear the bias towards the downbeat yet. I think I feel what you mean (the swing), but can't identify it when actually listening and transferring this to the upright bass yet.
Comment: With downbeat one means 1,2,3,...8, right? How does it help me to find the 1?
Comment: How are you getting the eighth count?  When you're doing the lindy hop (for example), you should be able to get the eighth count right in before the next bar.  A figure should take one bar and the last sideshuffle should be on the 4.
Answer: This may sound strange, but the best way to find the count is often to follow the main melody, the lead vocals if there are any.
To get to grips with this song my suggestion would be: listen to the song from the beginning and - in your mind - sing along using only the sentence "in a mellow tone 2 3 4 5 in a mellow tone 2 3 4 5" and keep repeating it throughout the song, even right through timestamp 3:15 and the saxophone solo. The one count will stay on the word "tone" in the sentence "in a mellow tone". (To be exact: "tone" comes just a little bit before the first count, but it feels like it is part of the beat, of a movement that drops down on count one). The word "in" is NOT on count one but on count six!
The next step is to start listening from timestamp 3:15 onwards and see if you can pick it up, singing along in your head. Go on untill Ella comes back in and hear if you were right. Keep trying over again. Maybe you will notice that the saxophone also plays "sentences" that often end on the first count or have "syllables" that are emphasized on the first count. (Of course this is not the case in every song, but it applies to this one and to many others).
These things are hard to explain but easy once you get the feeling. The danger of trying to understand it by listening to the drummer or the bass player is that you are focusing too much on the details. On the other hand: this is jazz, everybody is playing around with the rhythm, the drummer in this song is the one that is most steady.
Have fun!


How to get rid of DuckDuckgo browser?

Question: Since a couple of days ago I cannot use Tor for browsing because DuckDuckgo browser automatically replaces Tor when I start browsing.
Comment: What happened before? Could you describe a bit more in detail what you expect to happen?
Comment: Nothing happens before. I started Tor as usual typing keywords to search for. And then DuckDuckgo page appeared. I started Tor for several times but in no avail – DuckDuckgo page appears each time so that I finally gave up.
Answer: When you type a search term into either the URL bar or the search box, the search term is passed by the browser to a search engine. The Tor Browser doesn't perform the search itself.
DuckDuckGo is currently the default search engine. (There's a level of indirection here as the Tor Browser uses disconnect.me as an intermediary.)
If you want to change the search engine:

Click on the search box in the top right, which will drop down a menu;
Click "Change Search Settings";
Pick a search engine from the Default Search Engine drop-down menu.
Answer: This is a simple solution. Using Tor menu, select preferences or settings, depending on your operating system. Now open Search settings.
You have many options here. Start with option Default Search Engine. If You don't like Ducky, remove it. But don't forget that you can also add/remove and check/uncheck search engines used to acquire search results. For example, Ducky is sort of classy. You can dress him up as DuckDuckGo - TOR. Which is very different than old-fashioned DuckDuckGo. Oh, and you mght also want to uncheck Disconnect. It used to be a great service. Following reports to enforcement on not-so-great sites, those onions get blocked by Darpa Services, but Disconnect couldn't care less about up dating. Which leaves you super disconnected with endless annoying Akamai Cloudflare spam results.
Other topic? Who does not wish any Tor search would filter out Cloudflare and equally annoying Turkey Military. Anyway, just use your Search settings to customize your Tor Search experience. If you can't access those settings, uninstall and reinstall the Tor bundle. Easy.

How to get rid of DuckDuckgo browser?