One word to describe this situation

Question: If someone holds your jaw aggressively and threatens you, is there a specific word to describe this action or situation?
Comment: Assault would be my go-to.
Comment: assault is too intense... i need a lighter word.
Comment: The person is *menacing* you.
Comment: Forceful persuasion?
Answer: If someone holds your jaw aggressively and threatens you, the specific, legal designation for such action is Assault and Battery or "Intimidation and Battery."

Assault and Battery: Two separate offenses against the person that when used in one expression may be defined as any unlawful and unpermitted touching of another. Assault is an act that creates an apprehension in another of an imminent, harmful or offensive contact. The act consists of a threat of harm accompanied by an apparent, present ability to carry out the threat. Battery is a harmful or offensive touching of another.
The main distinction between the two offenses is the existence or nonexistence of a touching or a contact. While contact is an essential element of battery, there must be an absence of contact for assault. Sometimes assault is defined loosely to include battery.
Answer: Legal terms are not my strong point, but I think one might describe such an act as intimidation by using violence.
Answer: It could be that they're intimidating you, or physically threatening you.
Answer: It could be that they are physically assaulting you, or physical intimidation. If wouldn't really be considered as battery because you weren't really being actually physically abused, just threatened. In legal terms, "assault" means physical intimidation and threat, while "battery" refers to the actual harm and abuse.

One word to describe this situation


What is the stippling effect used in newsprint and comics called, and how can I create it?

Question:
I am looking to achieve this dot pattern (stippling) effect in some way, be it analog or post processing. If you can identify this technique and some tips on how to go about it? It has a print look to it and reminds me of old comic book pages.
Comment: Older question asking basically the same thing, but with color (and illustrating why good descriptions are important) https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/25780/what-is-this-effect-called-and-how-can-i-post-process-my-photos-to-get-this-effe
Comment: Also see [How were photographs printed in newspapers in 1929?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/59679/how-were-photographs-printed-in-newspapers-in-1929)
Answer: Photographs that are to be printed in books, magazines, newspapers are converted to a "half-tone". The most common way this was done:
A finished photograph on paper was supplied to the printer. This photograph was copied using a giant camera, common to all shops that prepared photographs for publication.
The camera contained a screen, not unlike window screen. These hovered just over the film in the camera. A copy was made on photographic film. The resulting image revealed a pattern of dots. Each dot is a different size, proportional to the blackness of the original photograph, in that location.
The resulting negative, called a "half-tone" was exposed onto a metal plate coated with light sensitive emulsion called a resist. Development etched the metal. The etching pattern replicated the dot pattern.
Ink was applied to this plat. It was used much like a rubber stamp to make ink copies of the original. Just look at any picture in a newspaper or your school book. Use a magnifying glass, you will see this dot pattern. Digital photo editing software can apply a dot pattern image to your digital images.
Answer: This is called halftone or screen tone and traditionally in ye olden days, was done with screens. Today, you can easily do it on any monotone image in Photoshop with the following steps:

Image → Mode → Bitmap and set your output resolution.
Under Method, select Halftone Screen from the drop-down. Click OK.
Select a Frequency value for the size of the dots you want; the lower the number, the bigger the dots. The Angle is the angle at which the dots are positioned. Shape is the shape of the dots.
Click OK.

With the Gimp, the Newsprint filter is probably what you want.
If you're doing this with pen and ink for a comic book page, then you simply need to go to an art supply store and look for screen tone stickers. Back in the day, the comic book artist staple brand was Zip-a-Tone. But since most comics artists today are digital and use Photoshop and Illustrator to do their pages, digital screentones are used instead.
Answer: You may have heard the term "Rag" and if you answered Newspaper, you are correct, and exactly that, the paper we use in printing newspapers. There's a fascinating history here and some research on YouTube will teach you how to make your own paper as did Johannes Gutenberg and later Benjamin Franklin, whether it be for newsprint or high quality parchment for oil painting, water color, or charcoal.
Having said that mouth-full, let's get to your description of "stippling effect".  Your easiest and most user controlled method will be a layout program for rags & mags. Photographs are printed using what are called "line screens". An example would be what we used at the Sun Herald for a more rough and absorbent newspaper; an 80 line screen @ 45 degrees. This is standard for news rag as more lines tend to run the ink together. Imagine trying to print tiny dots on a paper towel. What a mess.
Now, black and white and color are totally different beasts. Color printing uses a rosette pattern with CMYK (Cyan[a medium Blue], Magenta[a medium Red], Yellow, and Black Ink) which combine to create all colors. Higher quality magazines, and even some inexpensive home office printers may even use six or more colors. Basically all using the same method of varying the shades of color or black (256 shades of Black for Grayscale) by applying larger or smaller dots to the paper, allowing more or less of the White paper to show through thus lightening or darkening the images in all the right places to produce your picture perfect photo print.
So, in review, Black news print uses 80 to 100 lines per inch with a screen turned almost always to 45 degrees, and color uses a flower shaped dot pattern with the screens for each color used at a different degree angle so as not to print directly over the the other colors. Quark Xpress on Mac was our preferred layout program, but Adobe and now thousands of programs allow full control over your line screens and angles. The fewer the lines, the larger the dots, etc. Linux has programs for FREE!!!
Photoshop and other photo editing programs have some effects such as "Old Picture" or "Newspaper", but your best bet is to print directly from a layout program, allowing for total control of your image, and don't forget, layout programs don't change your original image, so you can change the Line Screens and angles and highlights and contrast at any time simply by importing the photo once, then changing the settings at will, so there.
If you plan to print your publication en mass, your local newspaper will do it for you quite inexpensively, usually 10,000 minimum. Last year my cost for my Golf Publication for 10K was about $600 for Tabloid,which BTW, Tabloid is really just the size of the paper, not the content. You can print it at home on a quality laser printer and paper, 80-100(ask your printer) Lines x 45* B&W, and let the program do your color separations for you (they will be printed Black on White paper).(4) = 1 for each CMYK color. If the Pro printer does the separations, it can get quite costly. Do them at home and take the prints to them and they will make the plates and usually, if you don't mind being up at 2 or 3 AM, you can go and watch the process, including the exposing of the plates, loading them onto the rollers, the first inking and roller adjustments and first run on a huge press. Fascinating. Good Luck, Hope this helps. I loved every minute of my years as a Graphics Artist and Editor of my very own publication.
Have fun with this and experiment with your photographs. What a fun job.


Are human-strain probiotics halal?

Question: Are human strain probiotics halal?  My daughter has asthma and eczema and there is a product I want to try (HMF Child Probiotic Supplement), but I would like to know if it is permissible?
Answer: Probiotics are microorganisms that basically keep your gut working properly.  Despite the name, "human-strain" probiotics don't actually involve humans or human byproducts as ingredients, they're just particular species of microorganisms that naturally (or exclusively) reside in human hosts already.
Regardless of the source of the original culture, probiotics are subsequently cultivated in sterile conditions and are countless generations removed from ever having been in contact with anything human.
Given that bacteria and such microorganisms don't fall under the general rulings of Islamic slaughter, or ever come into contact with anything that would fall under the general rulings of Islamic slaughter, I see no reason at all to consider that these may be haram.
Comment: I don't think this answers the original question of if human strain or in other words human origin probiotics are halal. The [link](https://www.researchgate.net/post/Can_anyone_explain_how_the_lactobacilli_are_from_human_origin) explains how some of the bacteria could've been been originated from humans. No matter, how many generations pass, after all they're reproduced from human strains. How do you explain this?
Comment: @servant-of-Wiser What do you need explained? They're bacteria, not humans. Islam plain doesn't *have* rules of slaughter for bacteria.
Answer: Human strain bacteria are extracted from humans' faeces or the vagina while animal strain bacteria are from the faeces of various animals such as chickens. I do not see how they can be halal. (Human/animal source bacteria are present in almost all probiotic supplements as well as the 'good' bacteria added to lots of products and 'live' yogurt etc.)
Some might be 'generations removed' from the original sample of bacteria, but faeces/the vagina are the original source nonetheless.
Comment: Why would being so-sourced render them haram though?  The basic principle of *istihlak* would seem to apply here; if the current samples are so far removed from the original that there is no detectable trace of feces (even assuming that is their original source), then there would no longer be any reason to consider them haram.

Are human-strain probiotics halal?


Karbon A9+ System space and Internal Storage

Question:
I have recently moved from iPhone 3G(3 years) to Karbon A9+(ICS). While my mobile is showing GBs of space available, I frequently get Low System space warning. I had then added a 8 GB external SD card but to no avail. Coming from an iPhone background, this was confusing....if I have tonnes of space why am I getting such notifications?
On System Setting under Storage,its displays "Total space 581 MB" out of which 89 MB is available. Internal Storage is 2.57 GB out which 2.56 GB is available. While on other mobiles of other brands, I dont see the distinction between System space and Internal Storage. Which this discrepancies and what are the consequences?
I have rooted my device...Is there some method where I can increase my system space to include the Internal Storage which is lying almost completely un-utilized?
Answer: Just use DS super App2SD lite app, which gives you to system apps to your memory card
And this app work in only rooted phone
Answer: You can partition your external SD card to ext4 and then use Link2SD to move large apps to this partition along with their internal data, .odex, dalvik cache. Make sure both partitions are set as "Primary"
They'll function in a normal manner after moving. Only remember that removing the sd card will crash all those apps so do not move important apps.
Examples:
Do move: Games, News feeds, Photoshop
Don't move: Google Play Services, Google Play store, keyboards


Is there any loss of nutrition when toasted?

Question: I have heard that when you toast whole grain bread, you lose most of the nutrition. I'm wondering if this is true, and if so, do you lose the nutrients when toasting nuts?
Answer: Toasting only effects the thin outside layer, and most nutrients cannot be modified by the low heat used in typical domestic cooking, so the amount much "lost" (modified) should be very small
As with many foods, cooking actually increases the availability of some nutrients to the human body's digestive system, and improves the flavour so you will eat the food. This is probably more important then the small loss, if any, from toasting
One of the worst cooking nutrition losses is water soluble vitamins when cooking them in hot water, and the water is then not returned into the finished dish/meal. For general vegetables you would expect a 25% loss of vitamin C with 5 minutes in hot water. Not great, but not a disaster


How to quickly soften hard, dried out brown sugar

Question: I had some brown sugar that didn't get properly sealed and so now it's too dry and solid as a rock.  What's the quickest way to soften it up and get rid of the clumps? Folks have suggested leaving an apple with it in a bag overnight; any suggestions of a shortcut for rehydrating that takes minutes instead of hours or days?
Answer: There are a variety of tips for quickly softening hardened brown sugar here: 10 Ways to Soften Hard Brown Sugar.
The one that worked best for me personally, when I had to do this in a hurry, was to chip off a large chunk of the hardened sugar, put it in a (microwave-safe) Ziploc bag with a damp paper towel, and microwave it for 5-10 seconds at a time until it was soft enough to use.  Don't pierce the bag; the whole point is to allow the steam to re-hydrate the sugar.  But obviously don't leave it in the microwave for too long either, otherwise the bag will either melt from the heat or explode from the steam.  You should also let it cool for a minute or two between zaps; the sugar will continue to absorb moisture as long as the steam can't escape.
I also use the paper towel trick if I need to re-hydrate the sugar the day before.  Place a piece of wax paper on top of the sugar, then a damp paper towel on top, and seal it.  It'll be good as new the next day.  Don't leave the paper towel in there for too long though, otherwise it'll grow mold (doesn't seem like it should, but I personally witnessed it happen).  I like this method because it doesn't require me to waste any apples or bread, if I even have any around.
Comment: @clyde: That's not a fact, it's a combination of myth, paranoia, misinformation, and outright propaganda. PET (Type 1), HDPE (Type 2), LDPE (Type 4), and PP (Type 5) are all microwave safe; those comprise the vast majority of "Ziploc" type bags and plastic food storage containers. The only ones you really need to worry about are polystyrene and polycarbonates containing BPA.
Comment: Don't microwave plastic. Ever. Unless you want cancer. Then gopher it.
Comment: @clyde Some kinds of plastic are safe - that's why Aaronut mentions using a microwave-safe bag here.
Comment: thought I would mention this because of the problem at hand...Sugar is [hygroscopic](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygroscopy) which is the reason that sugar clumps up.  To reduce the possibility of this occurrence vacuum seal your sugar or use airtight containers to lessen this effect.  It will not remove it completely because brown sugar has molasses added to it which also adds additional moisture content, but it will help control the situation.
Comment: Just tried this and it worked like a charm. Most ziplock baga are microwave safe, certainly for the actual amount of microwaving this required.
Answer: When I have hardened sugars, especially when I first buy rocks of jaggery, I'll grate it like a hard cheese, which turns it back into a powder very quickly.
Comment: You have a preferred type of grater? I'm picturing a traditional Microplane, but I suppose this idea would work with many styles of graters.
Answer: Easy, place in food processor and process until powdered
One damp it will clump together again if stored, so just process what you need
Adding steam or heating it will more than likely make it unsuitable for storage
Answer: Wet a dishtowel.Make sure that it is really wet almost dripping. Microwave it for 2min. Be carefull it is really hot and steaming. cover top of bowl( Do not touch brown sugar)Microwave another 30 sec. Let set for 1 to 2 min. take out. Break up with for and hands.
Answer: I know its not quick, but I store a slice of bread with my brown sugar. Softens up hard sugar and never let's it get hard if a new bag.
Comment: Have used the slice of bread trick also and it works. The bread gets hard but the sugar will still stay soft.
Answer: I've done this before by steaming it.  I used a large pot of water and suspended a bowl full of brown sugar above it.  After a few minutes, it was soft enough to work with.  It seems to me the same can be done with a tablespoon of water in a bown of brown sugar in the microwave.  Just cover with plastic wrap and pierce for a couple steam vents.  Just don't cook too long or the sugar may start melting.
Answer: Put it in a container in the microwave with a small bowl of water beside it.  Microwave for 1 minute; check and (if necessary) microwave for another minute--making sure you don't overdo it. It worked GREAT.
Answer: Who says you need to buy a cute terra cotta teddy bear?
I left a small terra cotta planter outside during winter and rescued 3 broken pieces that weren't sharp. I washed them off, dried them, re-wet them with hot water and stuck them on top of the brown sugar. I closed up the bag and within 15 minutes, the top of the sugar was soft ~ 1 cup worth. I repeated the process and it softened further.
Answer: Years ago I use to siice an apple in half....place it on wax paper and place the paper on top of the dried brown sugar.  It use to work.....haven't had to do it for years.  Hope this works for you.
Answer: I found the fastest and easiest way to accomplish softening brown sugar was to place the brown sugar on to a paper plate, then place an additional paper plate over the top of the brown sugar.  I then used the top paper plate to smash down the brown sugar. Then I took my hammer to it and smashed it, it was nice and fine and soft after wards. Then you just dump it back into your container.  Takes less that one minute to soften brown sugar.
Comment: _I could not get my brown sugar soft, So I tried a wet paper towel and microwave._  (this sentence needs revised, it almost sounds like an unsuccessful attempt at a trick you may know.  But the reader has no reference to the  "wet paper towel and microwave" trick.
Comment: sorry I see the reference now, at the end of the sentence _I could not get my brown sugar soft, So I tried a wet paper towel and microwave._ you will still need to state that the "trick" was unsuccessful or not.
Answer: Place the brown sugar, in an extra large airtight container.  Boil water, and put into a cup (I usually use a couple of ounces).  Put the cup into the container, making sure that the cup and water does not touch the brown sugar, close container and leave for 30 minutes or until soft.  Remove cup carefully, making sure not to spill water.
My smart sister would place open bag of hardened brown sugar in a large airtight baggie. Add a slice of apple between the brown sugar bag and the baggie so the brown sugar wouldn't come into direct contact with the apple.  Close airtight baggie, when brown sugar is soft, remove apple.
Answer: Place the sugar in a ziplock bag and pound into powder with a rubber mallot.
Comment: This doesn't so much soften it as break it up - and it's pretty tough to break it up all the way into granulated form again.
Answer: boil a pot of water, take the pot off the stove and sit the brown sugar container in it...will soften up beautifully in about 10 minutes or less. Easy/Peasy
Answer: All of these are fine methods.   Over the years, since I don't use brown sugar so often, I just use granulated sugar and add some molasses to it.   then I never have to worry about my bag ofbrown sugar turning into masonry.  Its a nice experiment to add molasses to sugar and mix it and see it magically become brown sugar.  This will also help you determine how much molasses to add in the future (in nearly all cases you do not need to actually combine the sugar and molasses, but you can just throw both in at the same time.)
Answer: Just put in a couple of apple slices and the brown sugar softens like magic.  Remember to taie the apple out otherwise it will mold
Comment: Welcome to the site! How long does it take until the apple slices soften the sugar? The original poster is in search of a merhod that takes minutes... Welcome to the site, btw.!


Remote location's status "Disconnected", how to keep it connected (OK)? [net-use-command]

Question: I have an script that keeps running, under some scenarios, it needs to contact a server (\\us-sign). From time to time, if this server remains uncontacted for a while, the next time my script needs it, it will ask for my credentials.
What I found is that, after such thing happening and using net use, such server will be displayed as disconnected. if I type "net use \\us-sign", it won't ask me neither user nor password, what makes me believe, my credentials for such server are still "valid", nonetheless, its status will remain "disconnected".
This script is supposed to help us automate some procedures, but the need to keep a watch on it shall it request for credentials, it kind of defeats the purpose.
How can I keep its status "OK" no matter how long it is not being contacted?
Answer: NET CONFIG /SERVER autodisconnect:-1
Comment: I don't have edit privileges here, but this should be "net config server /autodisconnect:-1".  Otherwise, +1 for a command that is going to be useful for me!


Distractions during practice ( Goenka)

Question: I recently completed a 10 day Goenka retreat. When we began vipassana on the 4th day, I noticed that I was getting a lot of tension/pressure/movement around my eyes. I informed the teacher of this and she instructed me to try practicing with my eyes open to train my eyes to not move to the same point of focus as my mind (presuming that that's what was happening). It's been several weeks now since the end of the retreat and I've remained practicing 2.5-3 hours a day, every day, except since the end of the retreat I've practiced with eyes closed. The tension/pressure/movement hasn't gone away; if anything its gotten worse, to the point now that it's getting very difficult to do full body scans because the intensity of sensation around my eyes fully averts my attention back to the forehead area. Sometimes it's just a very intense but dull pressure, other times it's random and very sporadic movement of sensations, other times its a very intense energetic feeling. How do I deal with this?
Answer: You have very strong concentration but your mindfulness is lacking behind. Every time you fix your mind on an area the concentration takes over and because you have strong sensations in the eyes your concentration takes you back to the eyes.
The solution is to scan faster whereby you increase your mindfulness and not let concentration zoom in. When you have succeeded to prevent going back to the eyes then slowly slow down your scan.
You may have to start to scan as fast as a Xerox machine.
Comment: Yes, of course. That's what I also do. I just do left right, left right, anchoring the the mind to just the walking. Try it!
Comment: With that same concept in mind, could I also practice walking meditation at a faster pace to strengthen mindfulness?
Answer: Just focus on the sensation and realise that it is your aversion to the sensation which is creating your suffering, and not...the sensation causing you to suffer. There is nothing intrinsically bad or painful about the sensation, the pain and suffering is coming from your aversion, you wish to experience different sensations during your meditation, you wish to control your mind... that is causing your pain and suffering, it's your ignorance of the truth- you control nothing!!
I hope this helps! Metta.
Comment: @LeeHebditch Please keep up your contribution.
Comment: The sensation isn't really causing  suffering, just impeding my ability to practice. In the Goenka tradition you have to move the focus of your mind from head to toe, becoming aware of the sensations present on that point of the body, scanning the entirety of the body in this way. If I'm currently "scanning" my stomach, but the sensations around my eyes are so intense that I can't focus on my stomach, therein lies my issue. In this tradition you aren't supposed to "just focus on the sensation", as you say. You're supposed to move awareness in an orderly fashion across the entire body.
Comment: Okay. Good luck!
Comment: thank you! and thank you for your comment; unfortunately I think I'm just practicing a somewhat weird tradition of vipassana it seems?
Answer: Great answer by Lee Hebditch. Following is to compliment.
Your sub concious mind (Bhavanga) is the store of past Sankhara. They give results by "bubbling up". The area may have relationship to where the Karma effects.
Since you get sensations tied to your eye faculty is perhaps (speculation here) you have done some Karma in the past relating to you eye like perhaps: making someone blind or maybe donating reading glasses. The resulting sensation can be either pleasant and unpleasant.
If the sensations are unpleasant this means your past Karma has aversion as the basis. If you react with aversion you multiply this fabrication (Karma) by creating new Karma which will give similar results in the future.
If the sensation is pleasant then this means your past Karma has craving as the base. If you react with craving, you you are again creating new fabrications.
So best cause of action is not to react and be mindful and being eqaunimous while analysing the sensation. Stay with the sensation with for a while and them more on. When you stay with the sensation, there is a tendency that it might pass away. But not for too long as you: will miss more subtle sensation arising and passing away in the rest of the body, you might develop a attachment or aversion to the sensation.
You can analyse this sensation in the following ways: the start (or from 1st time you noticed) to end of the sensation (if it is short lived), start from the boundary to the centre and then to the other side, dividing the areas into smaller pieces, if you can at the level of arising and passing.
Again something additional to compliment Lee Hebditch's answer.
Answer: Other answers were good enough, but since I had almost similar problem here's my two cents. I try to make a list of all the reasons I found for my problem:
First Evil Eye glasses!
I were eye glasses and after my second vipassana I realized pressure I was feeling on my nose and template were from the weight of eye glasses. so the first thing you should investigate is physical problems. when this pressure is more intense. Does yoga, watching tv, looking at phone, etc. making it better or worse. Like a scientist you can examine all these factors.
Second, too much thinking!
yep, that's right. I realized I think way too much even doing anapana and vipassana and I realized more I think, the tension in my head increases. Now when this happen either I go back to anapana and with breath-out I tell to my body be relax, be gentle or if it doesn't stop tp the point that practicing is impossible I switch to walking meditation (i.e. walking watching my breath or sensations)
Third, Not right time
I also noticed I cannot meditate all time and in every situation. early morning and late at night or after a short nap afternoon was not ideal for my. my mind was dull and easily agitated so i tested different hours of day and find the hours that my body was most relaxed and I try to stick to these hours for daily meditation.
There were other little experiments that I made which may or may not helped my solve this problem. Like one sitting I just scanned left part of my body and the next sitting the other part. or in one sitting for example I would skip the head totally and in the other I would just scan head. I know Mr.Goenka seriously warns about changing the method but when you are uncomfortable to the level that you may give up practicing altogether, its better test a couple of things. At least, this is what I think.
Take care and I'm sure you'll be able to overcome your problem in no time
Answer: I think this maybe related to your degree of concentration. I say this because I have been having the same thing occur.
Often the eye tension continues outside of meditation due to the continued contemplation of internal and external phenomena. My concentration could be too focused or out of sync with generating insight. I'm not sure just yet.
The fact remains that this is a hindrance to the greater exercise. I would spend some extra time on this eye tension in the same way that you would use your attention elsewhere on other bodily phenomena. It would be fitting to spend several minutes on this or until you feel that you can continue with scanning.
The unpleasant eye experience will have, within it, its own shifting characteristics and undulating intensities. If you're very astute you may also see a transaction occuring between the unpleasant sensation and the mind. The noticing of this transaction is key and is often overlooked by even the most experienced meditator. Mind can bypass the grossness of its monologues and dialogues and take on a much more subtle form of interpretation of bodily phenomena. This can fool the meditator into 'thinking' that mind is not contributing to the unpleasant phenomena.
Moreover, one might consider a medical check up.

Distractions during practice ( Goenka)


If two humans enter Narnia through the Wardrobe with 10 years between them and come back to our world together, at what point in time do they arrive?

Question: I call it "the Wardrobe Paradox." Would they arrive independently at their respective time of entry, or would one of them arrive at the other's time?
Comment: This seems like an [unanswerable question](http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2011/01/real-questions-have-answers/) - there's nothing in canon that would answer it, and nothing that would even seem to give evidence towards a certain theory.  Thus, the only possible answer is: "The Doctor would fix it, but accidentally drop a copy of *Jumanji* as he left."
Comment: @Jeff No evidence?  Such as Lucy entering at a different time than Edmund early in the book (when he first meets the White Witch), but both exiting at the same time?
Comment: @Izkata: A difference of a few minutes (less time than it takes to be worryingly missing in a game of hide-and-seek) is a far cry from an hour, which is a far cry from a week, which is a far cry from a year, which is a far cry from a decade.  By my count, there's 7 orders of magnitude between what we see in the books and what the question asks.
Comment: @Jeff The difference between Lucy and Edmund entering the wardrobe is measured in seconds, not minutes. He enters the room, sees her go in, and immediately follows. This 5-10 second gap is enough Narnia time that Lucy has had a full lunch with Tumnus and is on her way back when Edmund enters Narnia and talks to the witch!
Comment: Why is it a paradox?
Answer: The only rule when it comes to time spent in Narnia is that there is no rule about time spent in Narnia. Lewis intentionally made things inconstant, arbitrary, and dare I say, magical.
That said, Lucy enters the wardrobe to visit Mr. Tumnus at one point, and then Edmund comes in a few moments later. They leave the wardrobe together, and end up at some point after Edmund comes in. So in your example, they'd probably exit in the second person's time.
Comment: unless aslan sends them back to whatever time benefits them the most. as you said its magical
Comment: Sorry, your first paragraph isn't quite correct. It's inconsistent but not completely arbitrary: we know time always flows in the same direction, which actually tells us quite a bit in this case.
Comment: @Himarm Whatever times benefits _Aslan_ the most.
Comment: In that particular case, the portal might have been activated by Lucy and remained open until Edmund went through. They went through the same portal so they came back to the time the portal closed.
Comment: Hmm, that allows for very interesting plotlines. It effectively makes time travel a real option. Someone entering the world at one point and leaving together with someone else, ending up in a (potentially very distant) future. I've only read a few books, but AFAIK there are no books where something like this happens.
Answer: The comparison between Narnian time and time in our world isn't consistent, except in one respect: time flows in the same direction in both worlds. A year into the future in our world might be three years or three thousand years into the future in Narnia, but it won't be a year into the past.
So if person A enters Narnia from our world at one point (1920, say), and then person B enters ten years later (in 1930), then a certain amount of time will have passed in Narnia during those ten years in our world. If that time is less than a human lifespan - say, twenty years or so - then A will still be alive, albeit older, when B enters, so it will be possible for them to return together. The point at which they do so, in our world, will be after B left this world for Narnia, but we can't say more than that.
The fact that all journeys into Narnia seem to last only moments in our world seems to be a fluke - or, more likely, the will of Aslan. It's clearly impossible that both A and B could re-enter our world only moments after they left, but it would be possible for B to do so. The most likely answer for their time of return is probably moments after B left.

To put it another way, Peter entered Narnia in Prince Caspian approximately a year before Eustace entered it in The Voyage of the Dawn Treader. If Peter had stayed there all that time (three years, by Narnian time), then he would still be there, perhaps together with Caspian to greet Eustace, and the two of them could then have gone back to our world together as Edmund, Lucy, and Eustace did at the end of The Voyage of the Dawn Treader.
Comment: Is there any source to confirm that A cannot return to any time earlier than B's entry? Also, in the second movie, the pirates entered Narnia later than the kids' first arrival but earlier than their second. They clearly came from an earlier Earth time period. How does this all work out?
Answer: At the end of Prince Caspian (the book, that is), Aslan creates a door in the air. Peter, Susan, Edmund, Lucy and the Telmarines who are going to our world go through the door in single file, each successive one's hands on the previous one's shoulders (presumably the first Telmarine had to stoop to rest his/her hands on Lucy's shoulders unless he/she was quite young or very short!). As the Pevensies pass through, they see three things at once: a glade in Narnia, a South Sea island in our world and a railway station in England. So the portal has two simultaneous exit points in our world, and each person is directed to the right one for him or her. While it may be assumed that both points exist at the same point in our world's time, we don't know that for certain. Suppose the pirates who became the Telmarines' ancestors left our world in 1750 (long before Digory and Polly in The Magician's Nephew were born, so predating the creation of the Narnian world apparently, but possible if the arrow of time in the Narnian world is allowed to go backwards with respect to ours on occasion). Then, when Aslan tells them that the original race of pirates has died out, it could be 1850, while the Pevensies arrive back in 1942 or whenever. Since Aslan says that the island hasn't been discovered by the rest of our world yet, that's far less likely in the mid-20th Century when we have air travel and satellites are only 20 years away.
So my view is that, as the whole point of arriving back just moments after leaving is not to have anyone missing from our world for any noticeable length of time, person A would arrive back 10 years before person B.
Answer: As Aslan is God among beasts and man, the answer is simple: Whatever time he wants them to go back to. Whether it be both the earlier time, both the later time, both their own time, or any darn time imaginable. He is a wild lion, unrestrained by your puny sense of logic.
It can be read that the Telmarine (the people Prince Caspian leads and is from), came to Narnia after the Pevensies but are possibly from a time before them. So linear consistency may not be a factor in travelling to and fro from Narnia.
Answer: Elaborating on the previous answers...
Towards the end of his life, Lewis had started a work that would tie his Narnia and Space Trilogy sets together called "The Dark Tower" (no relation to the Stephen King set by the same name). Unfortunately, the work was never completed.
It starts with the premise that time is three dimensional, that there are ways to measure it in all dimensions, that travel between timelines is possible, and that the relationships between timelines (worlds in the parlance of Narnia) are quite variable.
@Lan has the right of it with this additonal information on the nature of time in Lewis' universe.
Answer: I think that if they come back together they will both go back to their own times. Otherwise, if they both went back to the same time, say, the second persons time, what would happen to the first persons time? Lucy went into Narnia alone and came back alone and it was like no time had passed at all. So, back to the two people, if they both went back to the second persons time the first persons time would just have to "stand still" forever.
Comment: This is less clear than it could be am I'm not sure what you are trying to say.
Comment: Agreed. Not clear what the point is.


Is it haram to visualize having sex?

Question: Is it haram for an unmarried girl to think about having sex? By this I mean seeing herself having sex with a guy who she finds attractive and thinking about how it would feel if the were a married couple in bed.
Comment: Very likely an addiction. Please do see "[Hypersexuality, nymphomania and related medical conditions](http://islam.stackexchange.com/a/30120/9123)". I hope it helps.
Comment: Lol, what? No, fantasising is not a symptom of  hypersexuality nor any mental illness, nor is it an "addiction", any more than the need for food is an addiction. Sex drives are variable, and some people's are higher than others, but nevertheless it isn't a symptom of an abnormal sex drive to fantasise. It's entirely normal, and being ignorant of this means you should probably not be commenting on the issue.
Comment: @Aisha - Do you have a Facebook?
Answer: Sexual fantasies, I would say, are not uncommon for Muslims. The only problem, for men especially, is that sexual fantasies may lead to something more, including masturbation, or even worse, committing zina. That being said however, having sexual fantasies is by no means a sin, as long as the person does not act upon it.

Sexual fantasies are among the thoughts that cross a person's mind because it is something that is stored in the subconscious which is affected by the environment in which he lives and the scenes that he sees. These are thoughts that occur to most people, especially the youth, but they vary from one person to another with regard to their type, strength and effect.
"Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope"
[al-Baqarah 2:286]
Source

Also,

It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
"Allaah has forgiven my ummah for whatever crosses their mind so long
as they do not speak of it or act upon it." Narrated by al-Bukhaari
(2528) and Muslim (127).

Therefore, it is very important not to act upon a fantasy, whichever form it may be. So as long as the person is in control of the situation, it is not a sin.
Finally, take a look at this site that answers in more detail a very similar, if not the same, topic.
Answer: that top answer is totally wrong its sad that is been voted as the most correct when it doesnt clarify the difference between passing thoughts and intentionally fantasising about having sex. when you continue to dwell on that image it will let lust into your heart and harm you spiritually so yeah its a sin. If shaitan cast the image in your imagination and you look at it or your nafs wandered to it, disengage for your own spiritual well being. when you continuely lust it builds up in your heart over time and weighs you down making you feel depressed... so leading you to a bigger sin is not the only harm in it at all. not sinning is about helping yourself.
Comment: isnt it obvious from the question that the questionaire asked about "Intentionally" fantasizing about sex?
Comment: @farhan , he means that that answer is like if it is about "passing thoughts" , permissive, and he answers more restrictive, partially, and he thinks that that partial restriction is important.
Answer: Assalamualaikum,
First of all, if the thoughts are un-intentional, or in dream, then its not your fault or not a sin at all. But if you intentionally visualize anything like that, then it should be avoided completely, as it can be first way towards Zina (as committing Zina's first step starts from thinking about it, which fuels your lust). So you should avoid anything, which fuels the lust.
If you want to visualizer about it that how it would feel, with intention to know that situation, its my personal opinion to avoid that too (unless you are 100% sure that you have control over yourself completely).
(Note: my opinions are based on very limited knowledged i have about islam, and i am not a scholar, i would recommend that you consult a scholar as well, in this case)
And Allah knows the best.
Answer: Thinking about haram act till has not been done,Also till intention wouldn't be Sexual satisfaction and be without Manipulation,isn't sin.
But pay attention It leads to sin and makes injuries in person 's mind and make it dark.It 's better to avoid thinking about that.(ayatollah Makarem)
Hazrat masih(Christ) (a.s.) said to his Followers:

"Hazrat Moses intuited you to avoid zina,but I enjoin you even don't think
  about it;because someone who thinks about zina is the same as a person
  who Turns Fire in a beautiful colorful room;in that situation It 's
  possible that room doesn't take fire but fire 's smoke will make the room
  dark and will ruins it."(ghurar al-hikam,volume3,page451)

So It 's better to avoid thinking about sins which leads to sin.
Comment: she said "if they were a married couple" , it is not zina
Answer: As the other answers have pointed out
Thoughts by themselves do not count as hayir  (good deeds) or sher (bad deeds).  To illustrate for example: its not enough to think about the suras when you are performing the salah.  If the imam is not leading the salah you have to move your lips in recitation and be able to hear yourself in recitation.
So idle thoughts don' t count either way.  That being said special consideration and caution must be exercised in taming your nefs. An explanation of the nefs and its role is beyond the scope of this answer space, but briefly:
Nefs directly translated means breath but it generally symbolizes all biological needs and desires of the person.  Without our nefs we could not survive.  Without hunger and thirst we would not strive to make a living to put food and drink on the table   Without the desire to have sex with the opposite gender, reproduction would not happen and none of us would exist.
For this, Allah maintains a very powerful and potentially explosive attraction between these opposites.  Just like gasoline and oxygen can either cause a destructive explosion or a very useful controlled slow burn to power our vehicles; likewise an unregulated interaction between the genders can lead to explosion  (adultery, prostitution,  fatherless children, immorality, promiscuity, family corruption, etc) while the regulated and harnessed 'controlled slow burn' will yield the blessed results of peaceful and happy marriage structure and children.
Such volatile mixtures are difficult to control if uncovered.  If we think of men as oxygen and women as gasoline, leaving the latter uncovered can lead to explosion; Allah Muhafaza.  For this reason, Allah commanded women to cover themselves in public and in front of non-mehram men (Quran 24:31).  And men (and women) are commanded to 'lower their gaze'(Quran 24:30).
This 'lower your gaze' applies for today also for media and Internet.  It is hard to control yourself when the display of forbidden fruit is just clicks away.
It's when you let your nefs take over your heart and let love of the ephemoral dunya take preference over the love of Allah that may result in sinful action and spiritual corruption.
The nefs has to be kept restrained on a leash of self restraint through faith and taqwa (Quran 91:7-10).  This concept of taqwa and self-restraint is alien to the west where it is encouraged to follow your lusts and desires, instant gratification, and let your nefs run wild.
So how do we tame our nefs and keep it on a leash when our senses are bombarded by inappropriate and un-Islamic promiscuity?
The other answers already covered fasting as one technique.
Another effective technique could be neuro-linguistic programming.  Please see works on this topic by Anthony Robbins.  The way it would work is associating a negative sensation with the sexually provocative image or fantasy.  For example associating the smell of very bad breath every time you see the image.  After some time and practice you will be disgusted with the image instead of having pleasure fantasies.
Another technique:
Each time the sexual fantasy pops into your mind, make dua to Allah to present this person in perfect form and personality in Jennah and for sabr to wait until then.  As promised in the Quran the real jewels are in Jennah, in this dunya what looks like jewels are just broken glass and you will likely cut your yourself if you touch or wear them.
Answer: According to Islamqa it is Makrooh which means that one will be rewarded for avoiding it but will not be punished for doing it.
Assalamualaikum.

Is it haram to visualize having sex?


Ubuntu 10.10 stop working at login screen after power loss during upgrade

Question: I have ubuntu 10.10 and I was upgrading it when suddenly my computer turned off due to fluctuation of power. Now when i am booting my ubuntu then it stops working at  login screen. nothings happen at screen even mouse doesnot work there. I tried it to boot from recovery mode but some code comes on the screen and nothing happens. How can i recover from this problem .
Answer: This happened to me once before.
You are going to want to use your Live Disc and boot into it. From here, chroot into your partition with the broken install. (If you don't know how to chroot, go ahead and ask me in a comment: I'll be more than happy to help.)
Then, you want to run the following commands in terminal:
<code>sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
</code>
If that doesn't help, let me know.
And, for reference: Were you upgrading the version or just a general software update?


Hard disk has space, but I can't transfer a file to it?

Question: I've got an external hard disk that has 147 GB of free storage left, but when I try to transfer a file to it, it gives an error:

What's causing the error?
How can we fix it?
Answer: The filesystem of the external drive may be FAT32.  (Windows doesn't like to format drives as large as yours as FAT32, but it may have been formatted that way at the factory). The largest size file FAT32 supports is 4GB.  You will need to convert the filesystem to NTFS to support files larger than 4GB.
Here are instructions on how to do this: How to convert FAT32 to NTFS in Windows 7
These steps will work in XP and Vista as well (in XP or Windows 2000, just ignore where it says to use an elevated command prompt - as long as you're an administrator it will work)
Answer: Sounds like your drive is formatted in FAT32...
"The maximum possible size for a file on a FAT32 volume is 4 GiB minus 1 byte or 4 294 967 295 (232−1) bytes. Video applications, large databases, and some other software easily exceed this limit. Larger files require another filesystem."
Source Wikipedia Fat32
Comment: so what's my solution?
Answer: as already mentioned, FAT32 does not support files bigger then 4GB. Convert your HDD to NTFS or split the file to smaller parts - you can use something like 7Zip or some file splitter. Other solution is to use some video conversion utility like Avidemux and create two separate parts of the video.
Answer: Hana Kimi is too large for the drive. Use the convert command to change it to NTFS. Go to Start > Run, and type:
cmd
In the command window, type:
convert driveletter: /fs:ntfs
(where "driveletter:" is the letter of your external drive followed by a colon)
This will take a while to complete.
Then it will take all of Hana Kimi and more. Make sure you back up files you want to keep. You should have at least 2 copies in different locations. Hard drives all fail unless they are not used.


Why is videos color scheme different

Question: Why is it that Videos' color scheme is dark grey when the other apps seem to be light grey?  It kinda stands out and looks odd as a whole.  The rest of the apps appear to go together.
Answer: To expand on Peter's answer, many GTK+ themes (elementary included) have a dark variant which can be enabled for any GTK+ application by setting Gtk.Settings.get_default ().gtk_application_prefer_dark_theme = true;. You can find the corresponding line which the Videos app uses to toggle the dark theme here if you're interested.
As to why, it emphasises the actual content and minimises distractions from light pollution. The Gnome developer documentation has this to say:

Some applications benefit from minimizing the amount of light pollution that interferes with the content. Good candidates for dark themes are photo and video editors that make the actual content get all the attention and minimize the distraction of the chrome.
  Dark themes should not be used for documents, where large spaces are white/light and the dark chrome creates too much contrast (web browser, text editor...).
Answer: I think the Videos application has a darker color scheme to give it a more cinematic feel when watching movies. A darker color scheme also makes the user interface, in my case at least, less distracting when a movie is playing.

Why is videos color scheme different


Monitoring slow nginx/unicorn requests

Question: I'm currently using Nginx to proxy requests to a Unicorn server running a Sinatra application. The application only has a couple of routes defined, those of which make fairly simple (non costly) queries to a PostgreSQL database, and finally return data in JSON format, these services are being monitored by God.
I'm currently experiencing extremely slow response times from this application server. I have another two Unicorn servers being proxied via Nginx, and these are responding perfectly fine, so I think I can rule out any wrong doing from Nginx.
Here is my God configuration:
# God configuration

APP_ROOT = File.expand_path '../', File.dirname(__FILE__)

God.watch do |w|
  w.name = "app_name"
  w.interval = 30.seconds # default

  w.start = "cd #{APP_ROOT} && unicorn -c #{APP_ROOT}/config/unicorn.rb -D"

  # -QUIT = graceful shutdown, waits for workers to finish their current request before finishing
  w.stop = "kill -QUIT `cat #{APP_ROOT}/tmp/unicorn.pid`"

  w.restart = "kill -USR2 `cat #{APP_ROOT}/tmp/unicorn.pid`"

  w.start_grace = 10.seconds
  w.restart_grace = 10.seconds
  w.pid_file = "#{APP_ROOT}/tmp/unicorn.pid"

  # User under which to run the process
  w.uid = 'web'
  w.gid = 'web'

  # Cleanup the pid file (this is needed for processes running as a daemon)
  w.behavior(:clean_pid_file)

  # Conditions under which to start the process
  w.start_if do |start|
    start.condition(:process_running) do |c|
      c.interval = 5.seconds
      c.running = false
    end
  end

  # Conditions under which to restart the process
  w.restart_if do |restart|
    restart.condition(:memory_usage) do |c|
      c.above = 150.megabytes
      c.times = [3, 5] # 3 out of 5 intervals
    end

    restart.condition(:cpu_usage) do |c|
      c.above = 50.percent
      c.times = 5
    end
  end

  w.lifecycle do |on|
    on.condition(:flapping) do |c|
      c.to_state = [:start, :restart]
      c.times = 5
      c.within = 5.minute
      c.transition = :unmonitored
      c.retry_in = 10.minutes
      c.retry_times = 5
      c.retry_within = 2.hours
    end
  end
end

Here is my Unicorn configuration:
# Unicorn configuration file

APP_ROOT = File.expand_path '../', File.dirname(__FILE__)

worker_processes 8

preload_app true

pid "#{APP_ROOT}/tmp/unicorn.pid"

listen 8001

stderr_path "#{APP_ROOT}/log/unicorn.stderr.log"
stdout_path "#{APP_ROOT}/log/unicorn.stdout.log"

before_fork do |server, worker|
  old_pid = "#{APP_ROOT}/tmp/unicorn.pid.oldbin"

  if File.exists?(old_pid) && server.pid != old_pid
    begin
      Process.kill("QUIT", File.read(old_pid).to_i)
    rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH
      # someone else did our job for us
    end
  end
end

I have checked God status logs but it appears CPU and Memory Usage are never out of bounds. I also have something to kill high memory workers, which can be found on the GitHub blog page here.
When running a tail -f on the Unicorn logs I see some requests, but they're far and few between, when I was at around 60-100 a second before this trouble seemed to have arrived. This log also shows workers being reaped and started as expected.
So my question is, how would I go about debugging this? What are the next steps I should be taking? I'm extremely baffled that the server will sometimes respond quickly, but at others time it's very slow, for long periods of time (which may or may not be peak traffic times).
Any advice is much appreciated.
Answer: I would start by looking at general system health with tools like atop. Next, I would look closely at what postgres is doing. If that doesn't reveal the problem, I would use tcpdump (or the nicer tshark) to view communication between your browser, ngnix, and unicorn. In conjunction with that, I would try strace on nginx and unicorn.
Comment: Thanks for the suggestions, I've done both of these and it doesn't appear there's any issues. Though it hasn't been too unresponsive so I'll need to try these techniques when that happens again. I guess I'll just keep trying, was hoping to find others with the same issue.

Thanks for your time

Monitoring slow nginx/unicorn requests


What's in your troubleshooting tool box?

Question: Generally speaking, what's in your truobleshooting toolbox for hardware related problems?
Think multimeters, memtest86 and other things, but not wireshark and disassemblers
Comment: A giant "Easy" button from staples.
Comment: In general, a big hammer... ;-)
Answer: Typically, swapping out known good parts.  I dont have much equipment that i have the knowledge to test with a multimeter.  The going philosophy at my place of business is always have one spare, so nearly always theres an identical part that we are pretty confident works.
I recently found a cat5 tester invaluable for testing and identifying fault in a vertical run, and really how else would you do that?  two multimeters and a couple radios?
Software-wise UBCD isnt bad.  Nearly any linux livecd or USB distro can be made to test hardware effectively, as there are a multitude of tools for that in the repos for most distributions.
If a hard drive is questionable but still works (and it sata or pata) i usually rip it out and either image it or just copy off the necessary data using a USB drive sled.  Then it can typically be tested/fixed/identified as bad using that machines disk tools.
Answer: I have a vendor support contract, and a well-stocked on-site spares pile.  Sure, I've got multimeters, oscilloscopes, soldering stations and all manner of weird shit at home, but on the job it's far more efficient and makes far more business sense just to swap parts (whole systems, if I'm not sure what might be the cause of the problem) to get things up and running, then validate the failure and ship the busted stuff back to the vendor.
Comment: Well stated. Yes, you can spend hours trying to diagnose some esoteric hardware problem, but in my experience it's far more economical to let the people who know deal with it. If something is broken, replace it, and send the broken bits back to the vendor and let them deal with it. My time is too valuable.
Answer: If I have the parts the old parts swapping technique is used. I also have a commercial product called MicroScope, which is a bootable CD with a large range of testing software that can be run in a number of ways, including batch mode for testing multiple devices. I usually set that up at the end of the day and let it run overnight. My copy of MicroScope is getting a bit old now and I need to get an update, if there is one, because it sometimes doesn't test very recent hardware.
I know memtest86 has a lot of fans but I no longer use it since discovering that it isn't too reliable. I've had several occasions where memtest86 said the RAM was OK when it wasn't. MicroScope does of course include RAM testing.
For cable testing, in me previous position I used a superb device from Fluke (expensive!) but  I now use a simple CAT/Phone cable tester that I purchased at a local electronics supplier for about $20. It reports continuity and cable sequence with a set of 9 LEDs.
Answer: I have a foam hammer that I use.  But it tends to work better on the users than the hardware.
Seriously I always keep a Linux live cd such as System Recovery CD.  I've found that Linux tends to give better hardware errors and it takes the installed OS out of the picture.
I also keep a spinrite cd with me to deal with low level hard drive issues.
Comment: Just be aware that SpinRite only tests the parts of the disk that are formatted with a file system it knows. Unallocated space or an FS it can't handle don't get tested.
Answer: I'm a management dope now whose only tool is a blackberry, but when I cared about servers, my top tools were:

RSA/DRAC/iLO card
IBM Director/Insight Manager
Our event manager

Our servers could be at any of 500 locations or 6 datacenters, so screwdrivers aren't very useful :)
Comment: +1 for event loggers and softwares that monitor the hardware
Answer: A selection (not all of then all the time ) and many are as much for routine hardware removal/insertion and changing ... and don't use them unless you are competent to tackle what you're about to do and (where appropriate) trained, qualified, authorised and have the time and conditions to do the work safely:
Small Phillips head and flat head screwdrivers
'pearl catcher' for retrieving the small screw when I drop it (I find the '4-wire' version easier than the '3-wire' for small objects)
spanner and large screwdriver for equipment rack bolts
anti-static wriststrap
Ethernet cable tester to check wiring (e.g. normal, xover, faulty)
multimeter (continuity tests, low tension voltage checks)
thermocouple or (preferably) laser/infrared temperature measurement device
room thermometer / humidity meter
radio clock (for accurately setting and checking time)
pen torch
pen and paper
back in the days of serial connections: break-out boxes and oscilloscope
cutters for removing cable ties
tweezers/forceps for setting DIP switches and handling header plugs
spare screws, bolts, thumbscrews for computer cases, cable ties, DIP headers
temporary cable labels
tape measure (metric, imperial, U)
bags to hold removed bolts, screws &c
air spray
small cleaning kit


Filing to expand on already filed utility patent, how do I go about this?

Question: I have already filed non-provisional utility patent applications. I need to add more information prior to the USPTO publishing one of them. Basically, I'm going to copy the existing application, and add a good bit of specification and drawings. I'm doing this because I've found new uses for and created better explanations of my inventions.
1. Do I file just a provisional, or a regular utility application?
2. Do I file some form with said application, noting that it is an addition to or expansion of existing applications?
3. Do I file the expanded version with some kind of phrasing such as, "This application is an addendum/expansion/addition to patent application #XXXXXX"?
4. Or is further filing simply treated by the USPTO a whole entire different application?
Answer: There are no "addendum" to a patent application. You have a couple of options. One is to file a provisional and later file a non-provisional that could be a CIP (Continuation in Part) to the current application, also getting priority from the non-provisional, or could just be a new non-provisional.
Comment: Might be nice to define "CIP" for those who don't know what it stands for.


Does Rintarou also transfer his tiredness everytime he travels back in time by transfering his memories?

Question: So Rintarou travels back in time by transfering his memories. Then a day passes and he transfers his  memories back again. Another day passes and he transfers his memories again. And so on. Many days have passed but he returns to a body which recently slept (one day ago probably) but his mind havent slept for many days. Is it supposed he's a day tired or dozens of days tired? How does the travel in time by transfering memories (and/or state of mind) works?
Comment: Yes okabe does this while trying to save Mayuri the days get shorter & shorter so it would be dangerous.
Comment: Interesting question that I think is never actually addressed in canon.
Answer: I think it is implied that the physical tiredness isn't transfered as Okabe seems to be able to stay awake without physically suffering from it after much more time than would be humanly possible.
However, the repetitive transfers seem to affect his mental health in a big way, as suggested in one of the game's endings (Suzuha's ending):

 Okabe keeps on repeating the day prior to Mayuri's death because he gave up on trying to prevent her death but doesn't want her to go away. After dozens if not hundreds of "rewinds", he ends up going mental and having homicidal thoughts. "What would happen if I just give Daru a push when that truck passes by ? Would anything really change if he dies ? I would be able to leap back to the beginning of the day anyways..." (The wording might not be correct, this is just my recollection of this ending). He ends up getting help from Suzuha.


How can I setup Google Apps Email for a subdomain?

Question: I have Google Apps setup for "domain.com". I'd like to receive mail at "firstname.lastname@example.com" how can I do this?
Answer: You can set this up as either an alias domain on your existing Apps account or as a new Apps account, entering mail.domain.com as the domain in the set up process
You will need to set up the correct DNS records against mail.domain.com.
With an Apps domain alias all users are mirrored, i.e.:
mail for firstname.lastname@example.com will be recieved by firstname.lastname@example.com
mail for email@example.com will be recieved by firstname.lastname@example.com
This is all done automatically for you once the alias is set up.
To set it up as an alias:

Log into you Google Apps dashboard
Click Domain Settings
Click Domain Names
Click Add a domain alias
Enter mail.domain.com in the textbox
Click Continue and verify domain ownership
Continue the process as you would an SLD
Comment: But watch out that when you send from firstname.lastname@example.com people you send to will get an "On Behalf Of" message displayed in certain clients - something like "From email@example.com On Behalf Of email@example.com". To remedy this, see this question: http://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/196/how-do-i-get-rid-of-on-behalf-of-from-my-sent-gmail-messages
Answer: I also face the same problem, I manage a domain 'fptb.edu.ng' and wanted 'students.fptb.edu.ng' to be supported by the same Google Apps account.
I simply added the subdomain 'students.fptb.edu.ng' as a new domain (not domain alias as some people advice), I did all the verification as required by Google Apps (I used File Upload verification method).
The main issue will come in editing the MX records, Google will advice you to leave the Host as '@' which is default, but what you need to do is to put the subdomain there, so that the first 5 MX records use '@' as host which points to the primary Google Apps account and the next 5 you will add should use your subdomain as the host, in my own case, I used 'students' as the host. I am using GoDaddy for Hosting, their DNS manager sees 'students' as 'students.fptb.edu.ng', so I dont need to enter the full address, yours might be different.
At the end, I have 10 MX records.
Answer: You don't do it directly.
You set a user for your base domain, say, user "foo" for domain bar.com.
Then, you add the subdomain grrr.bar.com, the normal way.
Then, you wait 24h, and, an alias will appear on the domain manager.
Then, you test the target email adress, and if it does not work, you go in gmail interface for that user, and add an alias in the USER Gmail interface.
I can not discribe details of each operation, because processes changed at least 4 times since I started using Google/Apps in 2002.
Fact you have to wait 24h before all alias are created for subdomains have been discussed here:
https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/Apps/Zb_jBFnhcIQ
As said, this delay is not mentionned anywhere.
Once you see in your admin console that user firstname.lastname@example.com exists, and that subdomain grrr.bar.com also exists, then, just be patient (if you can; or if you can't, insult Google dev team on the forum).
My main user has 26 aliases; and about 12 subdomains; so, somewhere the dashboard says I have about 360 email aliases.
I also had to set the 5 MX lines for each subdomain; so my zone is at least 60 lines long as well (140 in preactice).
The way Google made things implies various side effects: you CAN NOT have different Gmail accounts for email@example.com and email@example.com; the second name is always an alias for the first name.
Alias due to subdomains are not counted in the alias count for a user; the limit of 30 alias per user do not apply (consider) to subdomains. My main user has 26 aliases, and 12 subdomains, and that single Gmail inbox receives messages for 26*12= ~360 email target names.
This is very poorly described in Google documentations. And my forum thread is locked.


Renting a simcha hall from a church

Question: Is there a halachic problem with renting a hall that belongs to a church for a bar mitzvah?
Comment: Igros Mosheh pt. 1 OC #26 writes that it is forbidden to rent it out, but okay to permanently buy it.
Comment: Sounds like an answer @ba.
Answer: There are Halachic problems with entering a church, and even with using a former church building for some other purpose.  (Rabbi Frand has a tape about converting a church into a synagogue.)  So if the social hall is part of the church building, that's one whole set of issues.
If it's just a free-standing social hall that happens to belong to a church, we might still be concerned about your money going to a church?  While a complicated issue, the Mishna says we support non-Jewish charities too.
There could be additional problems simply with what message we're sending.
In short, it's complicated enough (many different opinions about some of the above issues; much may also depend on what type of church it is) that you really need to ask a rabbi.  But I hope this helps describe some of the issues involved.
Answer: Unfortunately I do not have any specific sources I can think of (which if I can fix I will certainly try to add them) but while I'm uncomfortable with the idea of financially assisting a church even indirectly, it seems difficult to say there is a prohibition against purchasing property from a religious institution/church. It isn't obvious to me why renting would be inherently different.
Entering non-worship areas of a church is problematic as I recall but more than likely the type of hall being discussed is an independent building at a separate location. As such it would see by being willing to rent it out that they have not "sanctified" it but treat it as a secular space. As such it would seem that it might be much less problematic.
Of course there may be the issue of ma'aris ayin if it is widely know to belong to the church or is called by its name.
Of course Shalom's advice that a rabbi needs to be consulted rings particularly true with this question.

Renting a simcha hall from a church


Compare standard deviations from medians?

Question: Let $G = (U, V, E)$ be a bipartite graph with $|U| = |V|$, $|U|$ large.  If the median degree of a node in U is 4, and the median degree of a node in V is 7, is there a way to tell whether the degree distribution of U or V has a greater standard deviation?
Answer: Not with this information alone. Indeed, nothing you assumed contradicts the maximal degree's being 11 or less and in that case you can just make another graph with degrees $11-d_j$ instead of $d_j$ (all you really need for the existence of the bipartite graph with given degrees is that the total degree of vertices in $U$ is the same as the total degree of vertices in $V$; this is literally true if you allow multiple edges and true under the assumption that all degrees are much less than $|U|,|V|$ if you do not). But that other graph has the medians reversed and the same standard deviations as the original one.


The Stack Exchange licence: Can I post open source code here?

Question: Stack Exchange applies CC-BY-SA to all posts. How does this interact with free or open source licences? If someone wants to ask a question about a piece of open source software can they post code snippets into their question or would some licences prevent code being posted under CC-BY-SA?
Answer: If it's just small snippets, then that likely falls under fair use. In that case, the license doesn't matter and you are allowed to post them.
Though how small exactly would the snippets have to be is not specified, so you should be really careful about keeping them really small.
Comment: Is "how small" a matter of the length of the snippet, or whether it can run independently, or whether it is small enough to already exist elsewhere?
Answer: It depends on the license and the owner, but likely no.
License
If the code you want to post is licensed under GPL, don't even think about it. GPL has strict share-alike restrictions, so you must reshare under the same license. Posting to SE shares under CC BY SA, so violates these terms. Other licenses may have similar; I don't know them all.
Owner
Obviously, if you're the owner then ignore the whole lot of this and do as you like. If you're not, but you can contact the owner, you should consider doing so. You can ask them to relicense the work solely to you because you want to post it to SE (add details about SE and why this is a good purpose), or to make an exception. This relies on their generosity, but many devs will be happy with this.
Comment: I'm downvoting, because while from a license perspective this is entirely correct, it ignores fair use. Critical discussion of a work is one of the primary reasons fair use exists in the first place.
Comment: Fair use here is critical. Fully copyrighted, GPLed etc materials may be (with some limitations) quoted under fair use. "If the code you want to post is licensed under GPL, don't even think about it" is simply untrue.


How to go through all the windows of application even the minimized ones?

Question: If I have three windows open in Safari and minimize one of them, then I try to switch between windows by pressing Control+'  it only switches to windows that re not minimized. How do I include that window that was minimized?
Answer: It's not exactly satisfying your request, but Expose in 10.6 (not sure about Lion) shows minimised windows in a subsection at the bottom of the screen.
Answer: I don't know any keyboard shortcut, but it's doable with mouse/trackpad with exposé in both Lion and Snow Leopard.
In Lion there is a 4 finger down gesture to get all current app windows.
In Snow Leopard, clicking and holding an icon in the dock for 2 seconds does this too, it can be bound to a screen edge (hot corner) or a mouse button.


Can I continue to age store bought cheese?

Question: I know that many cheeses are considered to be better when aged.  After I've purchased a nice block of Parmesan or such, can I continue to age it at home?
Is it practical? Will I get the same result?
Answer: Continuing to age a "nice" block of Parmesan is not going to do anything for you. It has already aged for over year and has changed pretty much all it's going to.
Similarly aging cheap, canned, Parmesan-like product that is aged only a month to cut costs will also not be good because it has too much surface area and will oxidize. It isn't very good to start with of course.
Where this will work very well is with cheap, young cheese. Buy an inexpensive block of young cheddar that doesn't have any crazy additives. Cover it and let it sit in the fridge for a month (or more). The bacteria in the cheese will continue to munch on available lactose and turn it into lactic acid. If you ever see mold wipe it off with a paper towel and a little vinegar.
At the end of that time you will have a much sharper and more valuable block of cheese. You've traded your time for money which is the trade-off cheese manufacturers always make.
Comment: You want to prevent it from drying out. You can wrap it in plastic but if mold does grow you will want to change the plastic. Of course commercial setups dip the cheese in wax.
Comment: @Josh Caswell- on the contrary they are just very very slow. My buttermilk and kefir will eventually consume all their lactose and die after too long in the fridge (ie. months). Of course you are right that the best place to age cheese is not a fridge but a cave in France that perpetually maintains a perfect, humid 55F. :)
Comment: @Sobachatina have you actually done this, or this is speculation? I haven't heard of aging in fridge before.
Comment: @Ali- I have actually done this. Cheese has to be aged at cooler-than-room temperature. Some cheeses require warmer (but still cooler than room) temps to bloom - like blue and swiss. Most however do just fine in the fridge. Hobbyist cheese making often ages at normal fridge temps. See: http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Fankhauser/Cheese/Cheese98.htm The "CURE THE CHEESE" step.
Comment: Do I need to cover tightly?  Should I wrap it in plastic wrap and then ziplock, or.?
Comment: Lactobacilli are pretty much inactive below 50˚F/10˚C. I wouldn't expect them to do a lot in a fridge.
Comment: I rarely see much (if any) price differential in cheese by age from the same manufacturer - the stuff they held onto for 3 times as long is generally the same exact price as the stuff that was aged much less. So I just buy the old stuff to begin with.
Answer: The answer here is yes and no.
Yes, aging cheese at home will often improve its flavor and texture.  No, aging at home is not going to turn a block of Joseph Brothers Cheddar into Cheshire or (as the other answerer points out) a wedge of Stella "Parmesan" into Reggiano.
First, you want to deal with a moderate quality cheese which is simply not very aged.  Really cheap cheeses tend to be full of added vegetable oil and "processed cheese food" which is incapable of ageing beneficially.  So, for example, Tilamook or Spring Hill cheddar would be good candidates whereas Safeway Select would probably not be.  Likewise, Rumiano or Argentine Parmesan are better choices than Kraft.
Second, you need to pick a cheese which ages well.  In general, this means a harder cheese; from the harder side of semi-soft (cheddar) to hard-as-wood (parmesan).  Cheeses which are not usually aged (brie, feta, chevre, etc.) will just become moldy and slimy.
Third, you need to deal with rind.  Ideally, you'd use an "intact" cheese with its full rind or other covering to age.  However, most such cheeses are ones which don't age well, such as brie and crottins.  There are, however, a few wax-covered cheddars and goudas which are less than 4lbs in size and sold whole (make sure it's actual wax and not plastic). If you have to buy a piece of cheese rather than a whole cheese, then you should get yourself some cheese paper, a semiporous paper which keeps the right balance of moisture and airation in most cheeses.  Take the cheese out of its plastic and wrap it tightly with a single or double layer of cheese paper.
You could potentially experiment with covering the cheese in wax yourself, but I don't have any information on this.
Fourth and most difficult is refrigeration.  Most cheeses like to age at temperatures between 50F and 60F, not at the standard US fridge temperature of 40F.  This means having a separate fridge for your aging cheese, something which takes this whole idea out of the realms of economy.  Some folks have reported moderate success with aging at 40F, but be prepared to have no detectable difference in your cheese after several weeks.  That's why we keep the fridge at that temperature after all!  Needless to say, aging your cheese at room temperature (or worse at unstable, fluctuating temperatures) is not recommended.
Also, a standard fridge is far too dry for aging most cheeses.  This, however, is easily solved; simply get a very large plastic food container (at least 4X the volume of the cheese(s) you will put inside), line the bottom with a bamboo placemat or similar aerated/draining surface, put the cheese inside and put the lid on.  This will also keep your whole fridge from smelling like old cheese.  If you live somewhere dry (humidity < 50%) then you may want to put a wet damp paper towel underneath the bamboo to supply moisture.  Depending on the length of time you're ageing, you might want to open this box once a week or so to change the air in it.
Most of the above advice comes from Culture Cheese Magazine, which I strongly recommend to anyone interested in cheese and cheesemaking.
Comment: If temperature is a problem, why not age your store bought cheese in a wine cooler. Temperatures are from 50 to 55 degrees for most white wines.
Comment: Excellent addition about the humidity. As for temperature- a separate used mini-fridge with a temp controller can be had/built for $100. Something I plan on doing when I make cheese in greater quantity.
Answer: I have been aging store-bought mild cheddar cheese at home now for about 25 years. I just purchase a two pound block of Tillamook or other mild to medium cheddar, leave it completely sealed in it's wax or shrink-wrap plastic, wrap it in a couple of layers of aluminum foil, the a couple of layers of newspaper. I tape it up securely and place it in a low cupboard, out of the kitchen area (so that it's in a slightly cooler location). Anywhere from 3 to 9 months later, I retrieve it, unwrap, drain the liquid off, and enjoy. It's deliciously sharp with no mold whatsoever.
Comment: How does it compare to Tillamook sharp cheddar? I think I've seen that for about the same price.
Answer: I followed Terri Elmore's suggestions for aging mild cheddar cheese.  I used a 2 lb. block of Tillamook mild cheddar, still in its original waxed wrap.  As Terri suggested, I wrapped it in a couple layers of aluminum foil, then a couple layers of newspaper.  I taped it up securely and placed it in a storage closet. (The coolest location I have in a small retirement apartment.)  I started it last Nov. 2015 and just took it out on July 17, 2016 (about 8 months).
When I cut away the waxed wrap, there was a small amount of liquid around the cheese which I drained off.  There were also small white "bumps" on the surface of the cheese.  I rubbed them off with a dry towel, then lightly rinsed the entire block of cheese.  I chilled the cheese in the refrigerator for a week and today we tried it.  It worked!  It was nice and sharp, had a bit of a "crumbly" texture and tasted great.  We got the cheese as a gift so this was indeed a great way to have expensive, nicely aged Tillamook cheese.  Thank you Terri!
Barbara H.
Answer: I live in Tillamook, so I'm glad to see our cheese mentioned.  The wrapping isn't wax any more, it's an orange-colored plastic on 2 pound blocks. It's common practice here to buy those blocks on sale and store for months andlocal  years in refrigerator. The idea is promoted by the Dairy Wives group. It gets delicious and much, much sharper.
Answer: I've been aging two blocks of cheddar for six years now. They have been kept in the bottom drawer of my fridge. It was just an experiment, but one was just opened and it was as expected, very sharp, and only slightly crumbly. I assume that the lower temperature of the refrigerator means that it will take longer to age something, so it's probably the equivalent of being one or two years in a cheese cave.
Answer: I had a can of Cougar Gold, which is an already aged, superb cheddar (yes, it's sold in a can, but has won international awards).  I kept the can in my fridge for what turned into almost ten years (meaning the cheese was 11-1/2 years old when I opened it), waiting for a special occasion.   The result?  Positively amazing. The can prevents drying, and the flavor crystals were more abundant than a 1-2 year old CG can. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cougar_Gold_cheese
Answer: I bought a regular 24oz block of sharp Cheddar. I just do this to make my cheese last longer. I make sure I cut away any cheese that's touched by human hands using either rubber gloves or a clean piece of wax paper while i shave off dirty or old sides all around i wipe it dry. I then roll it in wax paper seal it with tape or string then i put it in a brown paper lunch bag and store it in the butter compartment. I have had this cheese for 2 months now. Getting ready to use.


Design to handle combo mandatory input field

Question: I have a screen where the button will only enable when either one of the field (Field A or Field B) is entered. However, I'm stuck when designing for the combo field (Field B - in screenshot below) where i have to do a check that both of the input fields in Field B have to be entered for it to be valid. How should I design it in a way that it is clear enough that they have to filled up both input field in order to proceed on?
Answer: I think you should view the combo field as three separate elements.

download bmml source – Wireframes created with Balsamiq Mockups
Keeping them within a visual container, like in your example, will show their relationship.
Comment: Also keeping the label on top of visual container. fair enough.
Answer: There are some suggestions you can try:

Change the border of those fields to red (or mark them in other way), and comment below that fields with red border are required.
It seems like if they are trying to submit the form without entering the required data to those fields, the submission will fail. You can inform them that these fields are required by changing their border to red only in the end,  when the submission is failing, like GMAIL does.
You can circle both the required fields with a border and give the entire border a title.

In my opinion, I prefer the first two options, but the last one seems OK, too.


How do you make certain category options non-selectable (but still there/reportable)?

Question: Is there an extension available that allows you to make certain category options (on a 'pick list') non-selectable, but are still there/reportable?  And can you do this based upon a previous field selection?  E.g. The 'pick list' for a field called 'Group Name' doesn't allow an 'old' choice to be selected, but it is still there on other records and is reportable.  And could the availability of the pick list be dependent upon a previous choice, e.g. an 'Area' field calculated using address?
Answer: I'm afraid this isn't a scenario covered by core or an extension. Only custom fields can be set readonly. For a fast but hacky solution you could try a javascript approach.
Comment: nielo's answer is right.  It is a much-debated topic: See https://civicrm.stackexchange.com/questions/8719/can-i-report-data-from-a-disabled-custom-field-or-option and https://lab.civicrm.org/dev/core/issues/19.  The summary is that different people have different opinions on what "disabled" should mean.
Answer: With regard to the second part of your question - yes, there is my Field Lookup extension which allows you to "chain select" - much like picking a country will limit the choice of available states, you can make one select list dependent on another.
However, it's still in an early (i.e. unfinished) state; I actually have some funding to flesh it out a bit more, but it's not the priority of the client at the moment.  If you open a new question around its use, I can document it enough for you to get it working (if it meets your needs without modification; it likely does).