Why does the warp drive make a sound?

Question: Similar question here, but my question is much more specific and the in-universe answers given can't really apply to Star Trek.  I am asking about why the warp drive makes a sound in space - anyone who's seen the opening titles of TNG will fondly remember the 'warp' sound (which definitely adds to the program, but doesn't seem to be quite accurate).  Is this explained anywhere in-universe (I'm thinking there may be some explanation come up with because of the warp field created?) in any sources?
Comment: This may help - [The Physics of Star Trek](http://www.housevampyr.com/training/library/books/Mics%20Trek/The%20Physics%20Of%20Star%20Trek.pdf)
Comment: Are you addressing the good old "sounds in space" problem? I guess the scientific consultants were quite aware, that this sound cannot happen. How could they try to explain it?
Comment: @Einer yes and no.  Yes: I am addressing the 'sounds in space' problem, but no, I think that there may be the possibility for a semi-acceptable explanation of this with the complexities of warp theory
Comment: I'm anxious to find out!
Comment: Poorly potted transformers? https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/alt.home.repair/Z_gVjqg05Ik
Answer: It doesn't.
When warp vessels are in pursuit, departing from a space station, or in any other way interacting with another warp-vessel on screen, and we hear someone on the bridge say "Captain, they're going into warp!", there is no accompanying sound from within the bridge.  We never hear them go into warp when we're actually on a spaceship.
The only place where warp drives make a sound is in the area outside of the ships, and it is certainly possible that the 'sound' we hear is drowned out by a ship's own warp core, combined with shielding and hull protection that prevents us from hearing other ships move around in space.
But the simpler solution is that the sound simply does not exist, and is put there only to make it more exciting for us (unlike Star Wars sounds, which DO exist because pilots have audio feedback installed in their ships)
Comment: My thoughts exactly - has there been any situation where someone outside of a ship has "heard" the warp drive of that ship?
Comment: "pilots have audio feedback installed in their ships" - is that anywhere in G-Canon? I don't have a recollection of that.
Comment: @Malcolm I am recalling it in an interview but cannot remember where I heard it.
Answer: "Sound" as commonly defined does not travel through a vacuum. Period. However, it is conceivable that what we hear is not sound from the other ship's warp drive, but resonances in our own ship's hull caused by what the other ship does to local space. Energy certainly does travel through a vacuum, and the amount of energy expended by the now-long-gone ship has to go somewhere.
(unlikely this is mentioned anywhere, as it's the dull-and-boring bits they don't devote screen time to)

Why does the warp drive make a sound?


barely any upvotes compared to other SEs

Question: On many other stack exchanges points are easy to come by.  Scrolling down the first few pages of questions on this one, however, shows an extremely small amount of 'up-votes'.  Why is this?  How can it change?  Questions, answers, comments that one feels are helpful in any matter should get the 'thumbs-up'.
Comment: Fully agree and excellent question. There are a lot of high ranking people here that simply do not up vote good questions. No problem leaving answers though.
Answer: Firstly thank you for you post. This is something that is really highlighted by looking at the voting stats on the site on a user level. My thinking is that people see this site as a competition and not a community effort. I can help you on how to start to change this and it starts with individuals like yourself (and like everyone other user on this site).
It is plain and simple while you are using the site if you see an answer/question that you like up vote it. If you see an answer/question you do not like then down vote it. If you can get into this habit, also maybe spend 5 mins going through all questions on one page of a tag you are most comfortable in then you on your own can start to make a change on this site.
If we can get our regular users to to this it will help the site grow and hopefully switch people's mind set from that of a competition to that of a community who support each other.
Thank you so much for using this website.
Comment: agree...this community can be much more than just competition....let us help each other in good faith....
Comment: Totally agree we need more voting, my conclusion in [this](http://meta.magento.stackexchange.com/questions/469/can-we-increase-answer-acceptance-rate) question was that while you can't do much about those that ask questions not accepting answers, we can all up/down vote hugely more than we do.  I think it's a really important aspect of the site, but yes, less competition, more liberal use of votes has to be the answer.
Answer: Lets see, we currently have 300-400 upvotes per month, that number is somehow stable and its to await it will be the same for the current month.
http://data.stackexchange.com/magento/query/219032/number-of-votes-per-month#graph
Lets compare this with your strongest SE (Travel)
There are between 1000 and 2000 upvotes per month, so yes, a lot more.
http://data.stackexchange.com/travel/query/219032/number-of-votes-per-month#resultSets
how do the beta stats compare:
Travel did launch over a year ago, it had bit of a better answer ratio, and 100% answered questions(great!) we are still in beta, mostly because we only have a answer rate of 71% as we already have a lot more users, views and questions per day.
http://area51.stackexchange.com/proposals/48872/magento
http://area51.stackexchange.com/proposals/6591/travel
but, how does it compares today:
Magento:
17k questions
20k answers
71% answered
13k users
20k visits/day
50 questions/day
2y site age

Travel:
9.9k questions
18k answers
99% answered
16k users
21k visits/day
13 questions/day
3y7m site age

So to answer your Question, I think its because on other SEs you already have on the first page questions which are a few Days old.
Also our Questions usually need a serious effort to answer, and we have a lot of questions with not so great quality.
But yeah, we also have a lot of users who dont actively go trough questions and spreading votes, maybe we have to many drive by users, who never come back?
That would need a few more data querys to analyze
Comment: Magento SE has 2 years already ?! gosh
Answer: I usually would only upvote answers which I think have a high probability of being a correct answer / valid approach to the questions asked. Due to the nature of Magento for a lot of answers on topics that I haven't encountered before I would need to recreate the issue and then test the code to confirm it is working.
This is an effort I'd rather spend answering questions which don't have an answer yet. If you look at what type of questions do get lots of votes on our site https://magento.stackexchange.com/questions?sort=votes you will find quite a few questions which don't require specific code knowledge and are borderline opinion based. These answers are easier to validate and in my opinion easier to upvote.
Comment: Agreed that we could do a better job in upvoting good questions.
Comment: I agree it is hard to cast votes sometimes. Most of the questions are related to extending core functionality rather than questions about existing core functionality. This makes it hard to answer/cast votes as without doing very specific testing of the scenario described in the question, or answer given. I rarely have time to do this around regular work but without it, it's not practically possible to ascertain whether a vote is warranted or not. I do think this is a fairly significant aspect holding back voting, and has no easy solution as people should be able to ask any question.
Comment: One should upvote questions too.  Novelty, difficulty, usefulness, etc.
Answer: One of the issues with the lack of upvotes is that it makes it very difficult for some newer users of the Magento SE to gain good reputation points. I have been very hesitant to answer questions or interact on Magento SE because I cannot comment on a question if further information is needed. All of my 11 years and 50+ magento implementations and interactions with other users has been on the Magento Community forum.
It also appears that people are very quick to close questions down because of lack of info provided in the question even though the question is valid and does not need further information. It would be better to offer a button that is something like, Question needs more info. If more than 3 users vote that, then the question should be on hold.
If you take look at some of the Facebook groups about Magento, you'll find that they are extremely disappointed in the Magento SE.. It's up to SE to get this thing rolling, and would love to see it!
Comment: Could you list some of this facebook groups?
Answer: Aren't there badges that stimulate upvoting ? There is even a golden one.
Answer: Normally I would end up on Magento SE through Google. I have a problem myself and I try to find the answer by Google'ing. If I find a good question and/or answer then I would definitely up-vote it.
The questions and answers I find here are of very low quality that don't meet our company's standards.
A lot of questions concern people searching for extensions, basic Magento stuff of which you could find the answer on Magento sites/docs, etc...
Like I said, answers (code) don't meet our company's standards, for example changing core Magento code as a solution and other non upgrade safe solutions.
I would encourage people to up-vote the qualitatively good questions/answers and to down-vote or flag poor ones. It would always help people to indicate what is good/bad about a question or answer!
Comment: Where you have an open forum like SE you are always going to have both good and bad answers as there will be developers on here with varying levels of experience. I can't however actually remember the last time I saw an answer suggesting poor development practices - it's certainly not at all regular as it seems you are suggesting. While I'm sure there are answers like this I think you'll find these kinds of answers are quickly downvoted. It's our job to be active in up/down voting questions and answers to moderate and improve the quality of content on the site.


detailed customization of a plank

Question: I am aware of plank --preferences, plank tweeks (with different themes, but I love original one) and the settings file within a .config/ directory. However I would like to change shadow intensity/opacity under a current application icon or/and change blue circle under this icon to light green and so forth. Is there a separate .css file or something else to do to accomplish more precise customization?
Answer: cd ~/.local/share/plank/themes or cd /usr/share/plank/themes
List sub folders of a themes folder by ls command and pick a sub folder you are interesting in (for example: Pantheon, ElementaryPantheon, Moka etc.) by performing cd FolderName.
Open dock.theme file in your favorite text editor via sudo. Explore thoroughly all options that are available — play around, change and save it. You will see the result immediately without killing plank (killall plank).

detailed customization of a plank


How can I filter a wiki web part by the title field of a list?

Question: I'm trying to make a Wiki on SharePoint Online, where each page in the Wiki has a column called "Subject". The column type is Lookup, and it's linked to a list called "List of Wiki Subjects". The list is, eponymously, a simple text list that I want to determine what a Wiki Page's Subject may be set to.
I'm working on the main "landing page" for the wiki now. It has a Web Part for the Wiki Library (which is called "Knowledge Base Wiki Library"), and a SharePoint List Filter Web Part that's also connected to "List of Wiki Subjects".
I would like the end user to be able to select list items from the filter Web Part, and have the Wiki Library Web Part only show items whose Subject columns have the selected items. My problem is, I can't select the Title column as the Value field to filter on in the filter Web Part's properties (see picture): "List of Wiki Subjects" has only one column, called Title (the default only column when I created the list), but I can't filter on the title. If I add another column, i.e. "Title for Filtering", it appears in the "Value field" dropdown, but I want to just filter on the title of the item, and not rely on my site maintainers having to put the same title in 2 different columns when a new subject is added to the list.
I'm pretty new to SharePoint. Is there a better way to do this that I'm missing? Or a way to enable the Title column as a "Value field" option in my Filter Web Part?
Answer: You should select the view as "Full list view" in view section. This enable all the collumn in the list. Hope this help.
Below is the screen shot


Name of the bias towards not seeing small harm of many as important?

Question: I observe this kind of thinking especially in politics, for instance when someone brings up that "It is fine to take a few dollars from a lot of people if it helps the country". I think the reason we see things like this is that we can better imagine the value of one thing with awesome qualities than million things of a small quality because we are more used to compare the quality, not the amount, in our daily lives.
Is there a name for a similar cognitive bias/fallacy?
Comment: of course taking a million dollars from a million people is less dramatic than taking a million from one?! I can't imagine that being a fallacy. Of course, it's still a million bucks....
Comment: @AliceD Can you advocate that with some rational arguments? Because otherwise...that's exactly what I'm talking about :)
Comment: Consider that $1, for most people, is a very small fraction of their budget (and makes a very minor, almost un-noticeable impact, on each individual). Additionally, this amount is easily recovered. Conversely, a million dollars from a single individual may represent their life savings: the sum work of a life, and an amount that cannot be recovered. So you destroy one persons life, or you take an amount from many people that goes un-noticed. PS you have shown no evidence towards "fallacy": do you have arguments or citations to support your claims?
Comment: @mfloren That's not how economics work. There are no "recoverable" dollars. If you have a million on your bank account, every single one of those million dollars is equally important. Surely, it's much cheaper to establish a general tax if otherwise everyone had to send this one dollar himself. And of course, some people have bigger needs then others. But what if you from time to time one dollar from a million of people and gave a million to someone random who isn't in need? Would you consider that a good policy?
Comment: @AliceD Thank you so much for the edit, it's much clearer now.
Comment: @mfloren Anyway, eyeExWhy provided a much better explanation in their answer.
Answer: Yes. This is a special case of the identifiable victim effect: the cognitive bias implicated in the quote, "A single death is a tragedy; a million deaths is a statistic."
The identifiable victim effect might be paraphrased as the tendency to view harm of many as unimportant. A direct corollary is the tendency to view small harm of many as unimportant. Going off AliceD's example, we might expect taking \$1 from a million to sound preferable even to taking just \$100k from 1 person.
A potential objection might be, "sure, but in this case, 'one person' isn't really an identifiable victim. It's really about the small amount of harm since both victims are just 'statistics'." Fair point, but even if you wanted to classify this as a bias distinct from the identifiable victim effect, they both result from the same cognitive heuristic: experiential thinking.
Experiential thinking, in this context, is evaluating a scenario by imagining yourself in it and judging what that experience would be like. For example, when I imagine losing \$10, it is far preferable to losing \$100k, but the fact that it is taken from a million people has little emotional relevance. You can't imagine experiencing the loss of $10 as more than one person at a time. Similarly, an identifiable victim makes my experiential thinking more vivid because I have a concrete situation in which to imagine myself. I can imagine what it's like being mugged at 11pm in an alley near 130th Street, but "1,000 muggings in the past month" is not something I can relate to experientially.
Answer: This comes under the heading of the theory of organized interests.The idea is that there are a few parties that stand to make large gains from a situation, and therefore have an incentive to organize and capture these gains. Meanwhile, there is a large number of people that stand to receive small losses. Because these losses are individually "small," the latter group of people do not have an incentive to organize to defend their interests against the first group.
The doctrine of Pareto efficiency suggests that the action should be undertaken if the aggregate gains outweigh the aggregate losses (because the winners can compensate the losers and still come out ahead; otherwise not.
Answer: I don't know if a "cognitive bias/fallacy exist", however you could find some answers to your question looking at the defense mechanisms that each one of us use.
Defense mechanisms were first described in 1874 by Sigmund Freud as strategies  developed by the ego when under pressure by superego, unconscious and external reality.
First of all, they rise from conflicts and their nature depends on the quality of conflicts (Anna Freud, 1936). In this case we would talk about:

Denial: A primitive defense mechanism which triggers an exclusion of an unpleasant and unbearable part of the reality from the conscious
  field. This exclusion occur by fantasy and by behaviour.

An aspect of reality has been refused and unknown, splitting from the coscience (White and Gilliland, 1975).
To sum up, denial allows these individuals to hide from a reality that is too hard to cope with.
I wish to have been helpful.
References

Anna Freud (1936) "The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence"
White and Gilliland (1975) "Elements of Psychopathology: Mechanisms of Defense"
Comment: Being careful here as I am outside of my comfort zone, but I get the impression that Freud isn't taken too seriously here at CogSci.SE
Comment: @AliceD Really? That's a pity. Actually "science" recognizes the existence of unknown parts of our psyche. Why wouldn't CogSci.SE do it?
Comment: Fil: it seems like you misunderstood AliceD's point, which doesn't mention anything about omniscience of the psyche. For further discussion on Freud's place in CogSci, see [this post](https://cogsci.meta.stackexchange.com/q/2242/7943).


Send alert notification when particular field is changed

Question: How to programatically send alert notification to a particular user when a particular field has been changed?
Answer: Rather than delve into the dark, twisted and arcane world of SharePoint Alerts, you would probably be better served generating your own email when this happens via an Event Receiver.  This would give you total control over the format of the email as well as the ability to add more complex logic, such as notifying other users if other fields change, starting workflows, etc.
It also might be possible to do this via custom workflow but that is not my area of expertise.
Answer: The dark, twisted and arcane world of Sharepoint Alerts may suit you well, if:

You want to send standard sharepoint alert.
You don't need to hide some list field data from alert or otherwise modify alert text and style.
You are familiar with CAML

If these main conditions are met, you can create SPAlert object from code, with necessary CAML query defined in Filter property. Check out this article for code examples. I may add that in your case, you should define your filter property by comparing old and new values of target field, e.g.
<code><Query>
    <Neq>
        <FieldRef Name="TargetField/Old" />
        <FieldRef Name="TargetField/New" />
    </Neq>
</Query>
</code>
That is SPAlert CAML query for "If TargetField change".
Another way to send a message on item change is a workflow made in sharepoint designer. In workflow there is a Send Email action, from where you can easily set up and modify an email template and recipients. But out of box workflow doesn't know anything about which particular field have been changed.
If you need full control over email message and conditions, then, as Dave suggested, the only option is in using list event receiver and sending custom email message with SPUtility.SendMail method. From code you have more control and can do practically anything but the drawback is that you must do practically everything by yourself - track the field changes, fill alert templates, send emails, etc. If you also need to easily modify the alert template, you will end up creating the full alert templates infrastructure all by yourself and from scratch.
You can combine event receiver way and workflow, by creating specific boolean fields, setting its values in event receiver if your target fields have changed and checking this markers in workflow to send emails properly. Such workaround should give you the flexibility of email alert settings.


If all SysAdmin questions get punted to ServerFault, and all HTML/CSS are 'programming' - what is left for ProWebmasters?

Question: Question says it all really? I can't really see what useful scope this site has if all of the system administration and web-design elements are stripped out.
Comment: Seo, analytics, security.
Comment: for example? (need three more characters)
Comment: There's a heck of a lot more to webmastering then just html/css and sysadmin stuff. Now if I could only get paid like that.....
Comment: @John Conde (First comment): Where would you ask HTML/CSS questions then? I thought ServerFault was for System Administration things...
Comment: Either stackoverflow or doctype.
Answer: This is covered in the respective FAQs for each site; see Rebecca's response here:
How tolerant should we be of programming and sysadmin questions?
In short:

If your job title is "system administrator", your job related questions generally belong on Server Fault.
If your job title is "programmer", your job related questions generally belong on Stack Overflow.
If your job title is "webmaster", your job related questions generally belong here.

It's all about professional areas of expertise. Is there overlap? Sure, just like in real life, some programmers do sysadmin type things, and some programmers do webmaster type things. But that doesn't mean the distinction isn't clear.
In other words, just because snowboarders and skiiers both go downhill really fast on snow, does not mean they are the same communities.
Comment: +1 for the snowboarders vs. skiiers visual.
Answer: From the short time here in PW, I've noticed that most of the questions being asked is more of technique than specific coding.
Pro Webmasters has a obscure scope, however it doesn't make it any less important. There are many web hosts, there are many third-party programs (MySQL, etc.), tons of CMS's, and many SEO techniques that are required for a dynamic website to compete in today's internet. I see PW is more of an advice site - for people who need questions to the subtle or behind-the-scenes features of websites.
Just as Jeff said, there are overlaps where questions could be placed in either StackOverflow or ProWebmasters - such as which to code first, HTML/CSS or apps? Being a Webmaster or even Web Developer, there is a vast amount of knowledge that could be considered the 'tricks of the trade.' ProWebmasters covers all of that.
Comment: I really think for the casual user of stackexchange the differences are too thin, it is confusing and we are seeing more and more questions being moved from one site to another, which only adds to the confusion of the novice user.
Comment: @AJweb: True, the novice user is a bit lost when first coming into the Stack Exchange world - I know I was. But I don't think that the purpose of Pro Webmasters may be small, but it is an extremely important part of Stack Exchange. I for one have learned a ton of information that I wouldn't have known before, furthering my webmaster skills. It might be a vague definition and certainly not a clear line between us and some other sites, but that doesn't mean that we're expendable.
Answer: My personal understanding of the different roles involved gives me a clue where each topic should go. Comparing the roles:
Webmasters vs. System Admins

Webmasters generally deal with web hosts and usually configure their own (or employers') websites via the web host's control panels, not server hardware or server software (e.g. Apache, IIS).
Sys admins work for web hosts and will deal directly with the server hardware and server software (e.g. Apache, IIS) configuring them and the control panel software for other multiple users / websites.

Webmasters vs. Programmers

Webmasters will usually install a CMS or forum software for complex websites or they might use HTML/CSS and a little Javascript for simpler sites. They might ask about which is the best CMS to use, what plugins to add, or how to configure it properly.
Programmers / developers will be the guys who create the CMS and forum software that webmasters use. As web developers they will build big, complex sites using web frameworks like Zend or CakePHP (rather than just HTML/CSS).

Depending on which of the roles above you see yourself most closely fitting into above, you should post to the relevant site.
As has been said, there will be some cross-over of some system admin and programming questions with ProWebmaster, but in those cases, "simplicity" is the defining characteristic, i.e. if it's only a simple programming or simple server configuration question that a webmaster might encounter (e.g. configuring .htaccess for your CMS or adding/amending a bit of JavaScript for form validation) it can go in ProWebmaster.
Just my take...
Comment: I think maybe some kind of cross-site search feature would be helpful so you can search multiple stackexchange sites with one query.
Comment: But now one has to search two (or more) sites for a solution to that Drupal .htaccess question - once in Stack Overflow where most of the Drupal questions are asked (and answered), and once again in Pro WebMasters.
Comment: That only happens if people don't follow the FAQs correctly (which it appears they aren't if .htaccess questions are posted in StackOverflow). By the FAQs (and my guidelines above) if you are a Drupal coder (you write the core or a plug-in author), then posting in StackOverflow is totally appropriate. However, writing .htaccess directives is not a programming issue—that question should go in WebmasterPro. If you see them in StackOverflow, flag and request it be moved.
Answer: ProWebmasters is great for questions regarding domain names, SEO, html/css (as mentioned), CMS questions, choosing different apps/technologies to use on a site, and really many topics that webmasters face.
I personally wouldn't consider HTML/CSS to be programming.
Comment: -1 for the last line, +1 for domain names & SEO. (net 0 :( )


Comment disappeared

Question: In the following question: Are there any irrational/transcendental numbers for which the distribution of decimal digits is not uniform?, I distinctly remember adding a comment about "God being lazy and tossing dies to generate important irrational numbers". When I visit the question now, I can no longer find that comment. I don't even see any notification saying it was removed. I swear I saw it just a few hours ago. Can comments be removed from questions without notice?
Comment: Moderators have the power to delete comments without any notice.
Comment: This comment was deleted by a moderator. It wasn't me, but if I had seen this comment I would also have deleted it.
Comment: And also, since that's not really [the purpose of comments](https://math.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment), it's rightly deleted.
Comment: It's true that there are many similar comments on the site. It's also true that many similar comments get deleted all the time. You can make playful remarks as long as it's not excessive (in volume and in form). Just be prepared that they might get deleted. To be clear,  I think no one has an actual problem with this comment specifically;  it's just that such comments routinely get deleted.
Comment: You can find some basic details on deletion of comments in the section "Who can delete comments?" of the FAQ post [How do comments work?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/19756)
Comment: @davidlowryduda may I ask why? I want to avoid offending in the future, so curious if it was because God was referenced perhaps? To me, it seemed clear it was only a joke.
Comment: @AndrewT. I don't mind it getting deleted, but nothing in your link suggests one can't crack the odd joke. There are many instances of this throughout the site and in my opinion adds to the richness of the conversation (even if some of them aren't very funny).
Answer: Yes, comments are often removed by moderators without notice, often in response to a flag on the comment by some user. Indeed, this is one of the main activities of moderators.
Many of these removal are also harmless. The reason for removal is merely that the comment is not (or not anymore) necessary, at some point this was called "too chatty" it now became "no longer needed." (Of course, we also remove rude comments. But the point I want to make is that this is not the only reason, and in fact not the most common one.)
This is what happened in the current case.
Answer: Since comments are ephemeral, I've putting my opinions into an answer.  As many users notice, moderators can remove any comments without prior notice.  Nonetheless, it would be better to suggest some of the possible reasons that your comments get deleted.
As the name "Math Stack Exchange" suggests, we communicate in math on the main site, so it's important to keep the site focused on math.  To avoid an overflow of comments which doesn't help understanding the problem, those comments should be cleared.
Your comment doesn't make sense for atheists, who don't believe in existence of God.  Since posts here are supposed to be neutral in religious belief, I don't think that's a suitable comment on this site.
Comment: While it is true that generally we try to steer clear of the religious, political, etc. I think for the specific case this is mostly tangential; the main rational for me in favor of deleting it is that it's a light-hearted comment that did not add anything substantial. (I should maybe add that It was not I that deleted it. But that's my take on this.)
Comment: It was only a joke, but sure.

Comment disappeared


Stop Local Accounts From Being Included in User Profile Synchronization

Question: I've created connection filters that should filter out any service accounts from being imported from AD.  It's worked for all service accounts except for the Sharepoint search and Sharepoint service accounts.
I've created a basic search site that appends contentclass:spspeople to queries in order to make a corporate directory.  Is there some way that I can modify that search?  I've tried everything else that I could find in google results including: creating a new user property and managed property then creating an exclude rule for the managed property on the People scope, connection filters, and I've excluded the OU that contains these service accounts from profile synchronization.  Nothing has worked.
Comment: Why are you trying to filter out service accounts?  Any user can discover them via ADUC/LDP/etc. unless you have removed the ACL that is present on OUs by default.
Answer: Probably because you used Google, if you use Bing (:-)) you'll find references to Keyword Query Language, KQL. (You did not mention the SharePoint version but KQL is supported in 2010 and 2013) You can append an exclusion for those accounts like "and (-AccountName:srv_sp_farm -AccountName:srv_sp_crawl)" You can play with it in your search center and then apply what works to your directory.
One Question though, why not just use the People Search page rather than reinvent the wheel?


How to mix Vertex Colours with character's Diffuse Texture? (Blender Internal)

Question: I'm currently on my wit's end trying to find an answer to this that works for me, but every question and answer are referring to something different from my situation, and with most being Cycles-only across a variety of forums. I've a model here (extracted from a videogame) which already contains default vertex colours in its data.

^ Viewport view
The problem is, even with enabling Vertex Colour Paint in the Material tab, the colours don't mix with her diffuse textures, most notably her hair colour. Observe:

And here is her hair in the texture, which was already grey-scale since the vertex colours do the job in their game.

Finally a screenshot of how the woman originally looks like.

Here's my nodes I have already set up on the model. (Edit: My setup has nothing to do with the vertex colouring issue at hand, it's just a lighting setup)

Note that I've tried enabling Vertex Colour Paint on this character even in a new .blend with no nodes or anything else, but she remains the same. I also am not looking to accomplish this on Cycles; only Internal, like the title says.
This question in particular came close to the situation I'm in, but when they get to the actual answer, it's a dead end. How can I "bake" the vertex colours into the diffuse texture? I actually tried to search up on this as well, but everything is either cycles-related or just does not answer what I meant. I also don't intend on using a game engine, my main goal is to render this model with its default vertex colours applied onto the diffuse textures and save the render as an image.
Answer: If you have any questions on the steps let me know


SSH over local unix socket

Question: I'm trying to make a tunneling application to use SSH over a HTTPS connection, with a custom client and server at each end, where the custom client opens a unix socket that can communicate with the SSH server on the other end. The problem is I'm not sure how to get ssh to open a connection over the unix socket rather than specifiying a host and port. Is this possible or are there any command line arguments that can be set to do so?
Answer: Look at the ProxyCommand ProxyCommand option in the docs for ssh. It allows you to use pretty much anything that can redirect to stdio.
Answer: In your ~/.ssh/config file you want to add an entry like so

Host theDestination
  Hostname www.theDestination.com
  ProxyCommand ssh email@example.com nc %h %p
  User me

This will automatically tunnel your connection through proxybox.com to theDestination. One thing to note is that you will need to make sure you have nc installed on the proxyBox.

SSH over local unix socket


PiFm dBµV/m without an antenna

Question: I have been wanting to tinker with the Raspberry PI to learn more about electromagnetic frequencies; however, before initiating anything, I read the legal debates regarding PiFm. It appears that both Industry Canada and FCC's regulations regarding broadcasting allow for unlicensed operation as long that the field strength and broadcast distance comply with the legal parameters established. That said, I was wondering if anyone has profiled the field strength of PiFm operating on the Raspberry PI 1 Model B without an antenna. Preferably, I would like to know the dBµV/m at exactly 3 meter distance from the PI while running PiFm. If the value is greater than the legal amount set, I will responsibly set the project idea aside.
Answer: You will be probably better off investing in a Red Pitaya board for running RF experiments like software defined radio.
Also, consider becoming a radio amateur (ham). The entry level exam is no longer that difficult as it once used to be. (I passed it as a kid.) With an amateur radio license you are allowed to run legal RF experiments with much higher power levels. You can ask any ham radio related questions over at https://ham.stackexchange.com/
Answer: As you know PiFm is a great bench experiment but a very dirty RF transmitter. While it will produce a noisy output across several frequencies, it will do so with very limited power. The project author reports a range of approximately 10cm without an antenna attached (and 100m with). This will vary depending on your power source, other attachments, noise sources and so on.
A cheap RTL-SDR USB dongle and Gqrx (or similar) software gives a fantastic RF waterfall across a decent range of frequencies. Anyone into radio may scoff, but it gives at least some idea of transmitter behaviour. Taking your own measurements, even bad ones at first, is better than guessing! I use this for debugging my 433MHz devices on a shoestring budget.
Experimenting within a Faraday enclosure of foil and/or mesh or fabric will dampen the transmission, although I doubt you need to go to such lengths in this case.
Check the local radio band plans for frequency users before experimenting. Exercise caution if you live near an airfield, observatory, etc. In my experience you'll only receive regulatory attention if you annoy someone. Be far more worried about stepping on important frequencies which lives depend on. Or your neighbours' TV :)
The RTL-SDR is useful here too. Monitor frequencies over a period of time before experimenting. Find a wide band of unused frequencies with minimal interference to safely operate in. And check the band plan again to make sure it isn't quiet for a reason ;)
If you get "the bug" I can recommend the RasWIK (Wireless Inventors Kit) for data transmissions, HackRF and Gnuradio for voice/data/repeater/everything else, or cheap 433/315MHz boards and kits available online.
Answer: yes software defined radio is a great way to investigate this question, I personally recommend the cheaper RTL-SDR from RTL-SDR blog. It is only $35 and I have been able to see the (nasty) harmonics created by PiFM and an antenna. It gives output dB which you can use.

PiFm dBµV/m without an antenna


Do helicopters have automatic tail rotor compensation for anti-spin?

Question: Helicopter pilots need to push on the pedals constantly to compensate for the main rotor torque, so that the helicopter does not start an unintended spin. But it would be annoying to indefinetly put pressure on the pedal. Do helicopters  have an autopilot that automatically keeps them stable ?
Comment: Are you talking about in steady forward flight or slow flight/hover? Why do you believe that you would need to apply pedal to stabilize the helicopter?
Comment: Related: [Do rotorcraft like helicopters have autopilots?](https://aviation.stackexchange.com/q/15462/3201)
Comment: Also: https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/23977/why-not-simplified-fly-by-wire-helicopter-controls
Comment: I read this more like a question on flight control trim forces than on an autopilot.
Answer: Autopilots control the flight path, they usually concern themselves with the travel of the centre of gravity of the aircraft. Stabilising the aircraft is more the job of the human pilot. In a helicopter that is indeed not an easy job - larger helicopters have a mechanical mixer that helps the human do that, a set of lever arms that input extra tail rotor as collective is applied, for some automatic compensation of the increased torque of the main rotor.
Having to indefinitely put pressure on a flight control is an annoying issue for fixed wing pilots as well, that is why they can be trimmed. Stick and pedal forces can be trimmed away, so that the neutral point of the control becomes the point of zero force: once the control is trimmed, you can take your hands or feet off of it and it stays there.
In fixed wing aircraft, trim is usually adjusted with a flick switch on the handle. Flick it sideways and the roll control spring neutral point moves, flick it forwards and the pitch spring neutral point adjusts. Helicopters have such a switch as well, and that works well for fine control in cruise. But in the hover there is a lot of swishing action of all flying controls, and the beep trim switch is just too slow to follow this. Spring forces that are normally helpful, are now a hindrance.
That is why helicopters in addition have a trim on/off button: when selected, all feel forces cancel and the stick or pedal is very light, only a bit of friction and damping. What happens is that the feel forces neutral point automatically follows the stick position. Once the helicopter is stable, the trim forces can be selected ON again, and hands and feel can be removed - although I believe this is never a good idea in a helicopter.


Stringy corned beef

Question: When I get a corned beef sandwich at a restaurant usually the meat has a grain and is kind of stringy. However, when I buy corned beef at a supermarket it smooth and looks similar to roast beef. What is the difference?
Comment: Corned beef in the USA is a different product than corned beef in the UK. Can you please specify the country or post a photo?
Comment: Are you referring to corned beef sliced (to order) at the deli department?
Comment: Corned beef quality has also declined drastically in US over past 20 years. Most groceries sell junk. The others want $$$. Plus direction of the cut.
Comment: @WayfaringStranger What constitutes quality in corned beef? How is getting lower quality?
Comment: @DrisheenColcannon It's generally getting much fattier, up to perhaps 50%. You spend $10, and get 1.5 meals for two around Saint Patrick's day. Around here, that is usually the only time it's available. There is still a better cut. but as I said it's hard to find.
Answer: In addition to the direction the corned beef was sliced, you need to boil the corned beef just below a hard simmer -- not on a hard boil.  I have relatives who crank the knob to 11 and boil the thing into "stringy meat toothpicks", and that's no matter which way you cut it. I cook a 3 pound corned beef in 1 gallon of water on just a hard simmer for about 4 hours and get fantastic results.
Comment: Cooking at a hard boil versus a simmer can affect the stringiness of the surface of the piece of meat (due to the greater mechanical action of the boiling water) but will have absolutely zero impact on the interior. In either case, you're cooking it at 100 degrees Celsius.
Answer: This may be due to the direction in which the corned beef was sliced. In order for it to look smooth, it must be sliced against the grain. If you want stringy corned beef ( sometimes called "pulled corned beef"), you cut it along the grain. You can tell which way the grain is by the lines on the top of the whole piece of meat.
Answer: A good restaurant's "corned beef" started out as a big piece of meat, was salted and cured for a while, then was cooked and sliced on a slicer. A supermarket's "corned beef" might be that, or it might be a bunch of miscellaneous beef pieces left over from butchering, which are mixed with salt, curing agents, and as much water as allowed by law, formed into loaves and cooked, then sliced. Since they're made from small pieces of beef, there's very little grain or stringiness.
If you want good corned beef from a supermarket, go to the deli counter and make sure they're cutting it from something that looks like it came from an animal. (There are brands of prepackaged corned beef that aren't awful, but they can be difficult to find.)
Comment: I like some of the Boars Head stuff.
Answer: Nope.! It's the point cut that is stringy. The flat cut stays together in slices more uniformly. If you like the stringy cut, you just have to be prepared to remove a lot of fat as the point cuts are about 50% fat whereas the flat cut has less fat - I would guess around 1/3.. You can cut it against the grain Still, and the strings will still be evident... they'll just shorter…As cutting against the grain will cut the strings in intervals. Or if you want long strings i.e. pulled corn beef you would just fork pull it with the grain. Either way a major fat layer will have to be removed, (Unless you're one of those people who enjoys the fat)but you will have the most tender corn beef after the fact. Any of the tried-and-true three cooking methods will work with either flat or point cut. Yummm
Answer: My experience is it can be stringy. But I think how it's cooked and cut is part of it. I've had it at deli's and not be stringy. I have tried different cooking temperatures and cutting across the grain. When I make it I buy a 3 pound piece. When it cools down I can almost the whole thing. LOL

Stringy corned beef


New Language - Interfacing with AVR

Question: So I'm taking a class where the project is to create a new embedded language. We are using OCaml for the compiler, so I was looking for a way to interface with AVR or its C library in such a way as I can write programs in my language, then compile and somehow get it on the arduino I have. I was curious if there's a library for OCaml or some sort of white paper for interfacing with the board at a high level or even at a low level where I can get this to work.
Answer: The OCAML compiler can emit C code and the Arduino IDE takes C code, so in theory it is possible.
You would need to get the OCAML runtime code ported over to the Arduino IDE. At very least, I think this would be a lot of work. At worst, the Arduino might not have enough memory to support it.
Comment: You don't need the Arduino IDE to compile Arduino code: just call avr-g++, like the IDE itself does.
Answer: I have no experience with OCaml or with writing compilers, but I would
suggest that you first learn how to program the Arduino, then teach
your compiler to do so.
You may start by using the Arduino IDE and a couple basic tutorials.
There is an option in the IDE for displaying all the commands it runs to
get your program compiled and linked. Take note of these commands, then
throw the IDE away. Alternatively, you can download one of the few
Arduino Makefiles that float around the Web.
You will see that the basic toolset you need is the following:

The AVR flavor of GNU GCC and the binutils. This allows you to program
the AVR in assembly, C and C++. Calling these tools from your own
compiler should be as easy as calling them from the command-line.
The avr-libc, which is a port of
the libc for the AVR, together with some AVR-specific stuff, and the C
runtime. It does not provide a hardware abstraction layer.
The Arduino core library, a beginner-oriented C++ library built on top
of avr-libc. It does provide a hardware abstraction layer and is
source-level compatible with non-AVR based Arduinos.

In terms of language and API, your main choices are: AVR assembly, C +
avr-libc, C++ + avr-libc, C++ + Arduino core + avr-libc. There are
others, of course, these are just the better known. Pick your favorite,
learn how to use it, then teach your compiler.

New Language - Interfacing with AVR


Jpeg size difference

Question: I have a 2560x1600 JPEG image and its file size is 2,532KB. Due to a website's upload restriction, I had to reduce the size of the image. Naturally I thought, "I'll just resize it in Windows so I can upload it." After re-saving the JPEG from Paint, its size was greatly reduced to 905KB at the same dimensions. Why is this happening? If anyone can enlighten me that would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.
Answer: JPEG files utilize compression, and it's usually something you can customize when you save the file. JPEG compression (usually measured in percentage, 0-100) sacrifices quality for file size. A JPEG at 90-100% quality will be larger in file weight like the 2.5MB file you mentioned. Crank the compression down to 20-30% and you'll see a drastic difference in quality (blocky portions, less vibrant color, blurring) but the file size will be much smaller.
I'm not sure what type of control Paint gives you over JPEG compression, but it's almost certainly the culprit.
More sophisticated applications like Photoshop or GIMP will give you control over this when saving.
Answer: Another potential side effect of resaving the file is that the color subsampling has changed. Since our eyes are more sensitive to changes in luminance than chrominance, a way of saving space is to reduce the chrominance resolution. JPEG images have 4 basic options for subsampling of the color components:

No subsampling - each Y block has a corresponding Cr and Cb block to define an 8x8 block of pixels
Horizontal - 2 Y blocks and 1 Cr + 1 Cb define a 16x8 block of pixels
Vertical - 2 Y blocks and 1 Cr + 1 Cb define a 8x16 block of pixels
Horizontal + Vertical - 4 Y blocks and 1 Cr + 1 Cb define a 16x16 block of pixels

Subsampling is an effective way of shrinking the image size without creating blocking artifacts caused by reducing the quality level.

Jpeg size difference


Is there a good add-on for RTL text support in Photoshop?

Question: I've found this website where you have to write and paste (!) Arabic text for Photoshop, but I need a better one with more language abilities. Anything in mind?
Answer: Enable Middle Eastern features

To reveal Middle Eastern type options in the Photoshop interface, do
  the following:

Choose Edit > Preferences > Type (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > Type (Mac OS).
In the Choose Text Engine Options section, select Middle Eastern.
Click OK, and restart Photoshop.
Choose Type > Language Options > Middle Eastern features.

Text direction

To create content in Arabic and Hebrew, you can make the right-to-left
  (RTL) direction the default text direction. However, for documents
  that include left-to-right (LTR) text, you can now seamlessly switch
  between the two directions.
Select the paragraph direction from the Paragraph panel.
Comment: I don't have that option under the Type window
Answer: You can simply go to :
Photoshop > preferences > Type
Then you can see 2 buttons on the right side.
Select "Middle Eastern and South Asian"
and reopen photoshop. Then you can type RTL with no problem.
Comment: It doesn't always work, but that's the proper way of doing it.


How concerned should Buddhists be with the actions of others?

Question: Even as I find peace and contentment in observing the 5 precepts and following along the 8 fold path, I realize I sometimes unintentionally benefit from those who don't live in this manner. For example  a friend takes something that wasn't freely given and shares it with me or a nearby person kills the insect flying around that I was trying to ignore. If I have not encouraged people to do such, should I be concerned about their actions or remain concerned only with my own intentions and actions?
Comment: I'm glad you asked this question as this came up in my life recently. I was marveling at a huge group of ants gathered on my brother's porch. This inspired him to grab a can of Raid and spray them all to death. I felt awful because I'd inadvertently caused hundreds of deaths. I'm still trying to figure out how best to avoid this type of occurrence in the future. Do I simply keep my enthusiasm and scientific curiosity to myself?
Comment: One option is to look at such situations as motivation for renunciation.
Answer: I am going to quote Jack Kornfield's Living Dharma, specifically the interview portion with Achaan Chaa, excerpt from the question of "If putting everything together in our bowls is important, why don't you as a teacher do it yourself?" (page 42 to 43 of my edition):

Wisdom is for yourself to watch and develop. Take from the teacher what is good. Be aware of your own practice. If I am resting while you must sit up does this make you angry? If I call the color blue red or say that male is female, don't follow me blindly.
[…] If you watch others at most ten percent of the time and watch yourself ninety percent, this is proper practice. […]
Looking outside the self is comparing, discriminating. You will not find happiness that way. Nor will you find peace if you spend your time looking for the perfect man or the perfect teacher. The Buddha taught us to look at the Dharma, the truth, not to look at other people.

So I would say that, based on this, the lesson here is to remain focused on your own intentions and actions, but to strive to fully notice your own reactions to what happens. If someone else kills the insect and you benefit, how does that make you feel? How do you respond to it?
I would argue that goes even if you have encouraged them not to do it.
Answer: There is no benefit to accrue to anyone except personal actions that lead to the ending of suffering.
Someone killing a pest doesn't "benefit" you, it gives you some short-term sensual pleasure--the pleasure of being outside and feeling a cool breeze without a determined gnat landing on your face. Or the pleasure of eating food/drink without having to pay for it. But these are certainly not permanent pleasures, nor ultimately fulfilling.
Instead of worrying about who did what action and what pleasure resulted, try thinking about why you think superficial pleasures like these are beneficial? So long as a mind thinks these are good things worth pursuing, it will pursue them.
And for the comment underneath you, also about killing insects:

I felt awful because I'd inadvertently caused hundreds of deaths

Something to think about: if you can't accept the death of an ant, how will you deal with your own death, when it comes? Think about the hatred or egotism that causes a person to kill ants and how it should be abandoned, don't think about how awful death is and how it should be avoided. Nothing anywhere is avoiding death and it's happening on a much grander scale in nature than it is with cans of Raid.
Comment: How does one prevent the killing of `pests` such as rodents, cockroaches, etc?
Answer: One aspect of Karma is that it is contagious nature and cumulative in nature. Say you have bad Karma; when the fruit ripens, in many cases some being near you should harm you and be instrumental in the karma giving its fruit. Then the being who is instrumental accumulated bad Karma. In the future some one else (in most cases) must be instrumental in giving a means for the karma to manifest.
Also due to the liking (or the lack of it) most people tend to be born together in Samsara with a higher degree of probability.
Hence if people around you do negative karma, then there is a possibility that there will be a negative vibe with all associated people due to the complex interactions.
Hence it is best to encourage your circle to be as positive as then can and avoid negativities but the best extent you can. This give two benefits:

Good Karma for you for doing a good deed
Collective good Karma (or lack of bad Karma) means you would accumulate more positivity through the process

Also being collectively good or doing good deeds as a group has better results than just doing as an individual.
Answer: @Robin111, this is a great question and a turning point from "Hinayana"-type-mentality to "Mahayana"-type-mentality (note: I'm not speaking about the schools Theravada and Mahayana, as both of these two types of mentality can be found within both Theravada and Mahayana schools).
The practice of transcending one's ego involves continuously reflecting upon one's actions and choices to see if they are biased with ego perspective. As this practice is refined, you may find yourself finding egoistic motives in seemingly egoless choices and vice versa. This is normal and good. Keep going until the end ;)
Answer: Isn't there a rule, about eating meat, something like,

Don't, if the animal would be killed specifically for you (e.g. because you asked for or paid for it)
OK otherwise (if you're begging for any type of food, and the donor chooses to give you meat)

A moral (i.e. a general lesson) that I read into that rule is,

Avoid being the cause of suffering; for example, don't encourage (pay money to) a butcher.
Optimize the situation which exists in the present; if the creature is already dead (through no fault of your own) and meat would benefit your body, then why not (waste not, want not)?

But I don't know. If for example that "friend or nearby person" were a child of yours, I think you should probably instruct them, to improve behaviour in the future: "Don't steal; I'd prefer you didn't kill; ...".
Trying to instruct an adult friend in way that might, I don't know, have negative consequences; so if you were to try to do it you should do so "skillfully".
Answer: One practice you might try in such a situation is use it as motivation to contemplate the unsatisfactoriness of samsara and resolve to develop true renunciation.
No matter what we do, as long as we are samsaric beings we are contributing to the suffering of others. Our very existence acts as a cause or condition for the suffering of others. The food we eat, the water we drink, the shelter we take... the basic factors we need to live all act as a cause or condition for others suffering.
This comment to your question was very poignant for me:

I'm glad you asked this question as this came up in my life recently.
  I was marveling at a huge group of ants gathered on my brother's
  porch. This inspired him to grab a can of Raid and spray them all to
  death.

This person had no ill will towards those ants nor took any non-virtuous action with regard to them and yet acted as the cause or condition for the death of those ants at his brother's hand. This is the predicament of samsara and I think closely related to the Sankhara-dukkha or the general unsatisfactoriness of this conditioned existence.
Contemplating like that might accrue to the cause of generating true renunciation for samsara.


Can Travel Agents get a better booking than say Expedia?

Question: If I go to a travel agent, then can they get me a better connection than online travel booking sites like Expedia?
Comment: This is a bit vague. What do you mean by 'better connection'?
Answer: If you have a good travel agent they are likely to think about options you have not thought about yourself, know alternatives for routes from your home town and they may well know more about your destination than you do yourself.
And they might have more knowledge on which companies are likely to overbook accommodation to the point where many guests will have to accept alternative options, which companies show their few good rooms online and have a lot of much worse rooms for those who show up late at night.
And when you build up a relationship with a travel agent, they get to know what you want and accept and which alternatives they do not need to offer, which can be time and money savers in the future.
But a travel agency that does not work for you is worse than booking on internet yourself.
I have been blessed by a very good travel agency for years, now they stopped I struggle to find one that is up to my expectations, so far all have failed.
Answer: It is possible that the travel agent may have more options - but it depends on too many factors:

The sector you are flying and the date of your travels (if it's during a busy holiday season and between a popular route - say New York - London, then travel agents may reserve blocks in advance)
The airline you are flying on.
Your itinerary - especially if you are not flying on a code-share flight.

However, there is no guaranteed yes or no answer; but since most travel agents are willing to quote you over the phone, it is just easier to ask.
Comment: Travel and flying are not synonymous.
Answer: Is it possible?  Yes.
Is it likely you will find a better deal? No.
Today, there are very few ways Travel Agents can offer a better deal.  Examples would be promotional fares available only to certain agents, consolidator fares, commission kickbacks or fraud.


BGP - reaching routers from my Autonomous System through another AS

Question: Assuming a link between routers in my AS fails and now I have two groups of routers not connected with each other. Each group is connected to a different AS through one of the routers. Will BGP find a possible route between them? Or it will refuse to re-route because it creates a loop (based on rejecting advertisements with its own ASN in AS path)?
Comment: question is not very clear imho. If you don't have link redundancy between those routers or other path, then simply each group will route according to the AS installed in their routing table. Do you have full mesh? IBGP router does not advertise to IBGP router so full mesh accomplishes connectivity.
Answer: If i understand correctly:

Will BGP find a possible route between them?

Withing your AS if you have link redundancy and the peering IP is reachable via IGP then you shouldn't have an issue.
If by this you mean to routing traffic from one group to the other through the ISP there shouldn't be an issue as well as long the ISP is aware that certain routes are not available over the interface where it is receiving it, so if you are advertising for example a /16 summary then you will probably have issues as the ISP will determine in it's table that the shortest path to that network is directly connected.

Or it will refuse to re-route because it creates a loop (based on rejecting advertisements with its own ASN in AS path)?

In regards to route advertising you will definitely have an issue, as a route that is received with it's own AS will be dropped due to loop unless an admin does some manual configuration as for example AS overwriting.
Comment: This is what I meant with the question. After a couple of hours, I found a very similar topic that elaborates your response: https://supportforums.cisco.com/t5/wan-routing-and-switching/using-the-bgp-asn-from-multiple-locations/td-p/1203604 :)
Answer: If I understand your question (or the question behind the question), you want to know if you can use your two ISPs to create a backup link between your two locations in case your primary link fails.
The answer is Yes with a couple of caveats, but BGP is probably not what you're looking for.
One idea is to create a tunnel (you will probably want to encrypt it with IPsec) between the external interfaces of your border routers.  You can run your IGP in the tunnel and adjust your metrics so that tunnel is less preferred than any of your internal links.  Should your internal link fail, the tunnel will be used to connect your locations.
You should consider what kind of bandwidth will be required if the tunnel is used, and apply QoS as needed so that you don't oversubscribe the tunnel capacity.  Also consider if the tunnel MTU might cause problems and adjust accordingly.
Comment: Thanks Ron for a thorough answer! My question was more theoretical (academical) and was only considering a couple of ASs.
Comment: for clarification - this topic answers my question... https://supportforums.cisco.com/t5/wan-routing-and-switching/using-the-bgp-asn-from-multiple-locations/td-p/1203604


What doesn't data usage show?

Question: I was recently helping someone try to figure out were the data usage was coming from since recently it has sky rocketed from under 8GB to well over 30GB. Anyway, they went to the data usage under setting (I believe the phone was a Galaxy S 3 or 4) the total data usage essentially agreed with the carriers usage but the apps below did not add up anywhere close to what was said. This was over the phone so maybe I missed something.
Anyway, is there anything that is not shown by the data usage that comes with the Galaxy S III (or any android devices)?
Is there a way to get that info, maybe with a different app?
Answer: Usually it won't happen that the total data usage is inconsistent with each app's data usage. However, you may try installing some of the data usage monitor apps on PlayStore:

My Data Usage
Data Usage
Onvao Count

What doesn't data usage show?


How can one calculate the change in heat energy when the specific heat varies with temperature?

Question: Many materials have a specific heat which varies with temperature, especially as the temperature change grows large.  How does one calculate the heat energy that an object receives in this case?  Can we simply use the specific heat capacity at the beginning temperature or the end temperature?
Answer: In a similar vein to my answer about calculating the lever force in a continuous situation; you need to use integration.
You start by taking the standard heat law that you are familiar with
$$
\Delta Q=c\ m\ \Delta T
$$
and replacing the $\Delta$s with differentials:
$$
dQ=c(T)\ m\ dT.
$$
This new equation reads: For an infinitesimal (very tiny) change in temperature, I get an infinitesimal (very tiny) change in the heat. In the limit of infinitesimals everything is linear so this simple linear equation still holds.  Now you simply sum up all of the infinitesimal changes in the heat flux using integration
$$
\Delta Q=m\int_{T_i}^{T_f}c(T)\ \ dT.
$$
If you don't actually want to do the integration, that's ok.  Matlab will have no problem doing this for you, and the Matlab approach works even if you don't have an analytic function to describe $c(T)$ (i.e. you only have data).  If you don't have access to Matlab, then use Python.  It's free, open source, and incredibly powerful.
Comment: Don't get me wrong, I am a big fan of Python, but [GNU Octave](https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/) seems like a better fit in the role of free alternative to MATLAB. For one thing, it's compatible with .mat files.
Comment: @Air That may be true; I've never really used Octave.  The switch to Python from Matlab isn't a difficult one though, and it is, I believe, a more well developed language than Octave.  I also know that Python's numerical integration routines (part of SciPy) are robust because I've used them a number of times.
Answer: Neither. In this sort of situation, there's no "simple" linear solution; you need to use integral calculus to add up the incremental heat absorbed at each temperature along the way. The only time that this calculation becomes a simple multiplication is when the quantity being integrated (the specific heat) is a constant over the range of the integration.
Answer: Neither.
As has already been pointed out, this is not trivial to do, but here is a suggested method:

accurately measure out a certain quantity of fuel, then burn that fuel and use a material with a very constant or otherwise well known specific heat capacity to determine how much energy your test piece is receiving through time by recording it's temperature.
use the same quantity of fuel, in the same apparatus, with a test piece of identical geometric properties but a different material and repeat the experiment. This time you assume the energy which your test piece receives based on step 1 and use the recorded temperature to determine the specifc heat capacity of the material.
now that you have the specific heat capacity curve for this material, use it like any other material but integrate your curve over the temperature span you measure to determine the quantity of heat energy absorbed.

This method isn't perfect, it relies on linear superposition which isn't perfectly valid for temperature as some factors of heat exchange have a non-linear dependancy, but it's not a bad method for "calibrating" your material at a basic level.
Answer: I'd try and fit the material to a model.
The Debye model is the "standard". (sorry the wiki article is a bit over the top.)  In the Debye model the material can be fit with one "Debye temperature".
Edit upon request.  (though, I would trust the wiki article over my answer.)
At high temperatures, (but not too high) materials have a heat capacity that is equal to 3kT * N, where N is the number of atoms.  (It's only atoms and not electrons that count for heat capacity, which is interesting...)  As the temperature drops atoms stop shaking so much and some of the vibrational modes "freeze out".  The modes are at such a high energy that there is not enough thermal energy to excite them. The Debye temperature is a rough measure of where modes freeze out, and the heat capacity starts to decrease.
Comment: Could you add a little more information rather than just a link?
Answer: If you have an equation  $Cp=f(T)$, the problem is simple (as long as the integration does not make any problem) since $$\Delta Q=m\int_{T_i}^{T_f}Cp(T)\ \ dT$$ as Chris Mueller answered.
Let us admit that you only know $Cp(T_i)$ and $Cp(T_f)$. So, interpolate linearly to get $$Cp(T)=Cp(T_i)+\frac{Cp(T_f)-Cp(T_i)}{T_f-T_i} (T-T_i)$$ and, integrating, you will then get $$\Delta Q=m\, \frac{Cp(T_f)+Cp(T_i)}2 \,(T_f-T_i)$$ which shows that you just need to use the average value of the known $Cp$'s.
Comment: this is exactly right when $c_p$ function is linear; in all the other cases it's an approximation, good or bad approximation depending on $\delta T$ and on **how** and **much** $c_p$ function change with $T$
Comment: @mattia.b89. You are totally correct but, from a practical point of view, over a limited range of temperature, $Cp$ is almost a constant and a linear approximation is quite good. When this is not the case, for sure, we need more information (fit the experimental data and integrate).


2.5L Subaru 2013 Forester oil consumption

Question: bought 2013 Subaru in 2014 had 22,000 plus miles at 53,00 plus I noticed it would take a quart of oil once awhile now I have 67,000 miles and I'am putting a quart in every 2,000 miles. The car has never given me any kind of warning i.e. heat on gauge,dash lights nothing. I always follow my maintenance program in everything even have my oil changes at 6,500. Use a certified mechanic (same one for all my vehicles for years). Last time took to Subaru told of the problem on a multi point inspection. Said diagnostic oil leak (visual) would need to diagnose farther estimate $2,841.00 (just to look at it) I call BS. Need your opinion fight them, fix it,sell the car only 67,000 miles. Very frustrated could use your opinion.
Answer: Is the motor actually leaking oil? Does it leave drips and puddles on the ground?
If it isn't leaking or burning oil (caused by worn rings and/or valve guides, and there'd be blue/white smoke from the tailpipe), I'll observe that while one quart used every 2K miles is more than no consumption, it is far far from excessive.
If that's all the car is doing, I wouldn't even address it, and would just continue to drive it while keeping an eye on the dipstick.
Answer: From Consumer Reports: "Audi, BMW, and Subaru stick firmly to the statement that oil consumption is a normal part of a car's operation. Subaru considers a quart burned every 1,000 to 1,200 miles to be acceptable. Certain Audi and BMW cars' standards state that a quart burned every 600 to 700 miles is reasonable."
You're using a quart every 2,000 miles, so Subaru won't be interested. Nearly $3K for a diagnostic is excessive - take it to a non-dealer Subaru specialist for a second opinion. Some slight leaks from the valve covers might not leave much of a puddle, but over time it can add up. There are only a few places a Subaru generally leaks oil, and most specialists can check them out in less than an hour.


FAQ: What is On topic and Off topic on this site?

Question: On this site, what questions are considered to be on-topic and what questions are instead off-topic?
Comment: This should be regarded as "obsolete".  Precisely what is on and off topic is not clear currently.
Answer: On Topic questions

Questions about the Chinese language: This includes, grammar, pronunciation, syntax, etc.
Translation: From any language to Chinese as long as: (1) you provide research effort, without it your question will be closed. (2) you provide a detailed explanation of the original expression word. From Chinese to other languages, please refer to the target language site.
Meaning of single word/hanzi: In case of a word (from bigram upwards), you can ask if you provided research effort in your question. In case of Hanzi, the same applies and you must provide also the sentence where you found the Hanzi.

Off Topic questions

Culture: This site is about the Chinese language, not its culture. Questions about culture will be closed as Off Topic.
Names: Questions about your name meaning or asking for help in choosing a name are not allowed.

Software-related questions are still an open case.

If you still have questions or doubts that have not been covered until now, then feel free to bring the matter on the Meta or in our Chat Room; either way, we'll be happy to help you.
Comment: Ok, how should the user deal with his culture questions since there isn't a Chinese Culture community?
Comment: Why do you think culture has no relation with language?
Comment: It's more relevant to talk about culture than about software-related questions regarding Chinese.
Comment: @EnricoBrasil You can create a proposal if you want. If it has followers, and then committers it will become a new site. :D Please see the other similar proposals to have an idea on how to do it.
Comment: @EnricoBrasil That's not what I said. Language and culture are intertwined, but this site treats about how to speak the Chinese language and not about the Chinese culture. That's different from what you said.
Comment: @EnricoBrasil Either join the [Culture Exchange](http://area51.stackexchange.com/proposals/87039/culture-exchange) proposal (for all cultures) or create a Chinese Culture proposal (there is a Japanese Culture for example). Pure software questions are off topic. Questions about terms to be used in software are still language questions.
Comment: Cool. Who has the power to create such community? I should be done ASAP since there has been a lot of closed topics due to off-topic issues.


Centos Web Server Backup to home

Question: I currently have a web server with Centos running Apache and MySQL. I am looking for a simple way I can backup certain files back to my house where I have a exernal HDD. I currently have 4 HDD's in the server and they are mirrored 2 by 2 so im not worried on that note. Although I would like to have a way to auto backup certain files to my house ever so often, say every night at 2am. Is there a way for me to accomplish this. I currently access the server remotely via SSH. I have found a ton of information on how to backup the data to another server or seperate destination using an address but being that I do not have a static IP for my home I wasn't sure 1 how to go about doing that and 2 what type of script if possible or software I could use to make this possible. I use ubuntu on my home computer and also osx on my laptop if that helps narrow the scope a bit. As always thanks for the help.
Answer: You can use DynamicDNS at home to be able to have a fixed dns address for a dynamic ip address. Checkout DynDNS or No-ip for free ddns solutions.
Once you have a dns name for your home computer you can then just scp your data from the web server to the home computer.
Answer: You'll want to run the script (via cron, most likely) on your home machine, as you should be able to reach the server from there more easily than the reverse.
As far as the actual mirroring, I could tell you how to pull everything with scp, but I believe you should look at rsync instead; as I understand, it was made for this sort of nightly backup.
Answer: Is it work related data? I would suggested using an online backup system that has a linux client available. Storing work related data may pose problems for you in the future (if your house gets robbed and the hard drives stolen, it's your fault). It's relatively cheap.
If none of that matters, then I would suggest doing what Alex says, but in the opposite direction. If the web server has a public IP address, then create a script on your home computer that pulls that data every night using a cronjob. No need to mess around with dynamic dns crap.

Centos Web Server Backup to home


Why doesn't the price of gold drop as mining occurs that produces more gold?

Question: According to my common knowledge, the price should drop when supply increases. Why doesn't the price of gold drop slowly as more gold is produced from mining?
Answer: You cannot reason directly from a price change. Prices may increase because supply has fallen or demand has changed. In general we can't distinguish between the two unless we know something about the demand and supply curve in particular and not just prices and quantities.
For example, when demand increases (the demand curve shifts to the right but supply curves are held fixed) this increases demand for gold at all prices. Which means that equilibrium quantity increases (more gold is produced) as well.
.
But that gold doesn't decrease prices. The only reason more gold was produced was because prices were higher. If prices fell in response to higher quantity produced the producers (who have the same supply function by assumption) would not produce more. So in response to a demand shock for gold prices increase in order to clear the market for gold. Otherwise there is not enough gold at the old prices.
Answer: To be fair, the price of gold remained quite stationary from 1980-around 2005 after which it rose rapidly and has now fallen for several years. Whether the price will drop to its old level remains to be seen). This is the market defining the value of a resource, i.e. consumers believing in an inherent value in gold and the fact that gold has some value even if more of it is mined daily and that the amount of gold in the market won't increase rapidly, so it can be sold for similar value in the future.
Basic economic theory states exactly what you're thinking (supply rises => prices should drop). This should happen if a market had perfect competition and automatically reached a theoretical equilibrium. However, what you should consider is that in a real world economy such a perfect market is hard to find and, in a market with a low number of firms, the suppliers push the price up to gain a higher portion of the total economic surplus (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_surplus). As long as there is demand for a good with higher prices, there is an incentive for the suppliers to (slowly) increase the price and supply.


Is there limestone under the Oregon Coast Range?

Question: I've found some diagrams of the Oregon Coast Range, but they are very basic. An friend said he thinks there is limestone deep underground, but my understanding of the formation of these mountains is that there is not. Where can I find information to settle this question? (or, if you know the answer, I'd be glad to hear it)
Comment: At USGS they say there are mudstones: "Marine mudstone and sandstone are interbedded with all of the volcanic units and comprise most of the late Eocene to Miocene stratigraphic section that forms the flanks of the Coast Range uplift." https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-670/
Answer: I'm not familiar with the Oregon Coast Range, but limestone is such a ubiquitous and widespread rock that your friend is almost certainly right. For strata to be limestone, they need to have been under the sea when they were laid down. The fact that some are found today near the tops of mountains only means that plate movements have uplifted them since they were formed. They might easily have become overlaid with igneous rock, volcanic tuffs, sandstone etc,but if you go down deep enough the probability is that you'll find limestone somewhere. You usually don't have to go down very far, and there are usually exposures that reveal it. Limestone (calcium carbonate) is often a good place to find fossils.
Comment: The OP specifically asks about the Regon Coat Range.  Since you are "... not familiar with the Oregon Coast Range..." I would propose that your response should have neen a Comment rather than an Answer.


What is the speed limit with only one sign?

Question:
Ignore the side road I added (opps!) Basically if I am driving down the screen what is the speed limit? It is a workzone but the sign is only posed going up. The road goes back to 55 after the work zone.
Comment: I think the work zone itself requires the decrease in speed. In other words, when entering a work zone, regardless of the existence of a sign giving you a speed limit, drivers are required to slow down.
Comment: @A.fm. Don't think you are right. Being in a work zone doesn't automatically tell you the speed limit because speed limits in work zones vary. I would think that you have to follow the posted limit. My strong suspicion is that there should have been a sign posted in your direction which you missed, or was obstructed by something, or accidentally wasn't put up yet, or was removed improperly or due to misadventure. It is possible, however, to have a work zone that only covers one side of the road and this is common in median divided highways. The safe bet would be to slow to 25 mph if you knew.
Comment: @ohwilleke I know I didn't miss it since I drive through it daily
Comment: It is simply not there
Comment: @ohwilleke I agree about speeds varying and I was more stating that if one sees a work zone, one should simply assume one must slow down. Not an exact answer nor a legal one, by any means. I know in Michigan, due to a spate of collisions involving cars and workers, penalties for any sort of speeding in any work zone were drastically increased some years ago. Just an intuitive thing for me at this point.
Comment: @A.fm. well they just installed a second sign fixing the problem
Answer: The speed limit is the last legally posted limit on the stretch of road, as I understand it. If 55 were the last speed posted, that would be the limit.
However, many (most? all?) states don't require that you be driving faster than the posted limit to be guilty of speeding or a similar violation. As I understand it, typically laws require that drivers drive at safe and prudent speeds given the road and conditions. In these cases, posted limits may be identified in the law as prima facie evidence of unsafe or imprudent driving. However, if the posted limit is 55 in a busy construction zone, you very well still might be violating the law - and be ticketed, and lose if you challenged that ticket - if 55 is too fast.
So - the speed limit can be 55 and you can be ticketed for doing 55. The absence of a correct posted limit does not absolve you of your legal responsibility to meet the "reasonable person" standard.


How to appeal being banned from Facebook for 'fake name'

Question: My step-son tried to log in to Facebook and saw that account was disabled.  Supposedly because he was using a fake name, which he wasn't.  Is there any way to appeal it?
Answer: I found this at Facebook's help center: Why was my personal Facebook account disabled? At the end, it says

If you believe your account was
  disabled by mistake, click here.

That link takes you to a form you can use to request re-enabling the account.
It's possible that Facebook will not care about the requests though. :/ The question reminded me of a newspaper article (in Finnish; very bad Google translation here — 'valo' means 'light') about someone whose name real name is Ville Valo (i.e. he's the namesake of a well-known rock artist) who got his FB account disabled, and Facebook just refused to listen to his pleas to re-open it.
Answer: provide a birth certificate, library card,or school id card and then take a picture with a webcam or phone and save to your computer and upload it and your  account should be enabled


What is the difference between knowledge and wisdom?

Question: I keep on long wondered the difference between wisdom and knowledge. I do not understand why the Buddha refers only to the intellect without talking to intellectuals?
Answer: Knowledge is conceptual, it is information, opinions and views read from books or spoken by others, whereas wisdom is the truth within the experience. Experience can not be conceptualized,  for example....try to explain what water is, then go drink some water or stand in the rain, the conceptualization and the experience are completely different, this is the difference between knowledge and wisdom!!
I hope this has helped.
Metta.
"For things to reveal themselves to us, we need to be ready to abandon our views about them."
~ Thich Nhat Hanh
Answer: There's a definition of 'wisdom' here: The Way of Wisdom --
The Five Spiritual Faculties
I found that definition difficult to understand, for example it says,

"Wisdom penetrates[25] into dharmas as they are in themselves. It disperses the darkness of delusion, which covers up the own-being of dharmas."

Other parts of it which might be easier to understand are the conclusion, which includes,

Delusion, folly, confusion, ignorance and self-deception are the opposites of wisdom. It is because ignorance, and not sin, is the root evil that wisdom is regarded as the highest virtue. A holiness which is devoid of wisdom is not considered impossible, but it cannot be gained by the path of knowledge, to which alone these descriptions apply. The paths of faith, of love, of works, etc., have each their own several laws.
As the unfaltering penetration into the true nature of objects, wisdom is the capacity to meditate in certain ways about the dharmic constituents of the universe. The rules of that meditation have been laid down in the scriptures, particularly in the Abhidharma, and a superb description can be found in the latter part of Buddhaghosa's Path of Purification.

In summary I think it suggests that you might want to read the Abhidharma and/or Path of Purification for further knowledge about that.

Another introduction to wisdom exists here: The Integrity of Emptiness

For all the subtlety of his teachings, the Buddha had a simple test for measuring wisdom. You're wise, he said, to the extent that you can get yourself to do things you don't like doing but know will result in happiness, and to refrain from things you like doing but know will result in pain and harm.
He derived this standard for wisdom from his insight into the radical importance of intentional action in shaping our experience of happiness and sorrow, pleasure and pain. With action so important and yet so frequently misguided, wisdom has to be tactical, strategic, in fostering actions that are truly beneficial. It has to outwit short-sighted preferences to yield a happiness that lasts.

So knowledge might come from reading or listening to Dharma, whereas wisdom is when you are able to act on that knowledge and apply it skillfully.

Wikipedia's article Wisdom in Buddhism claims that wisdom is "insight".

That in Theravada it means concentrated (Samādhi) insight (Vipassanā) into the 'Three Marks of Existence' and the 'Four Noble Truths'.

That in Mahāyāna it means with same, with Karuṇā (compassion) in addition.
Answer: knowledge can be wrong, "panna" translated loosely as wisdom, is a technical term unlike conventional meaning of english word wisdom, the Panna is a faculty, it can not be wrong, it can be weak or strong, intense or dull, it can be trained and has discernment as it s function.
The semantics of these two words are completely different. Like comparing functional muscle strength of a person to knowledge about physiology.
As for the english word "Wisdom" it self, it s definition is very abstract, having asked 100 people you will get different answers with more or less overlap depending on enviroment, their views and access to dictionaries.
It is important not to attribute english semantical meaning to pali words after translation otherwise the model will be completely confusing and irrational.
The model i mean like how humans gather data about themselves and reality forming a model of the system to make sense of it. Better model, better discernment, more control essentially, less unexpected results. Like having a better map of the territory.
Imo the teachings are like a map, when u have the map u can see the path, when u see the path you can go there, once gone there you posess the knowledge of teritorry. Territory is not the map, map is not the territory, knowledge of the territory is not like knowledge of the map.
People s problem becomes thus that they have a shitty map and they project falsehood onto the territory, claiming a mountain is a lake, north is south, giving wrong directions, following wrong directions, getting into unwanted situations and getting others into unwanted situations.
People do this, no sane person wants there to be war and conflict, it stressful. Yet because they are projecting their ignorance and views onto real world they are prey to their own intellect faculty in this sense.
Answer: Generally - wisdom defends good manner in truth. Therefore knowledge describes general experience we get in the world. Knowledge can be overdoing but wisdom is self defensive information that can aim you into better understanding :) tiwigi(CR)
Answer: Knowledge is simply that there is information about the world that we can conceptualize, but wisdom is understanding that there is nothing to know.
Wisdom is understanding the concept of emptiness, or shunyata in Sanskrit.
Answer: Knowledge is about knowing, learning, gathering. Wisdom is about seeing.
Comment: Hello and welcome to Buddhism SE. Could you could elaborate a bit on the "seeing"-part?
Comment: I guess that "seeing" is a reference to Right View, which is associated with Wisdom.
Comment: Seeing is right view when you take it form a buddhist context. In a buddhist context you can learn four nobel thruths, condition arising, and the entire cannon for that matter. And even teach. Thats knowing. Bikku Potila in Buddas days can be an example of someone who knows but havent seen. But if you start seeing all of the above in your own life, you will start to see the delusion and ignorance inyour self. And seeing that allone will cause them to start fading. IMO that is seeing.
Answer: Huh?? The Buddha mentioned  intellect?
He did mention that one who only studies the Dhamma and never actually practices is not one who lives by the Dhamma.
Why do you need the Buddha to talk to intellectuals? What makes you think he didn't talk to intellectuals?
We all cling. We cling to chocolate ho-hos and to things like the intellect, not that the intellect can't be put to good use.
The intellects can get the wrong idea like the intellect is more important than wisdom or the intellect is the only mental faculty that exists.
The Buddha's teaching is about experiencing the raw  data coming through your senses. If you think it's about intellectualism then you have been dipped in materialistic, western belief systems for way too long or you are too intelligent to to allow yourself to be wise.
Intellect when not balanced with faith equals doubt and wrong view.
Answer: There is a difference between Information and Knowledge. Information means something we read from the books or somebody passed his knowledge to somebody else.
But after testing that information whether is true or not we get something i.e. Knowledge.
For Example- Water- H2O is a equation. Hydrogen 2 + Oxygen 1 = Water. This is given in Books which we learnt but i.e. just an information but when we actually experiment it in laboratory and we test that equation in reality we found that this H2O equation is true. Then that becomes our knowledge.
Buddha says: Knowledge is useless if it is not in our daily life action.
Comment: Hello and welcome to Buddhism SE. Could you provide a quote to this statement: *"Knowledge is useless if it is not in our daily life action"*.


Can an IGH have the same maximum overdrive-ratio as a crank-sproket setup?

Question: Is there an IGH that gives one the maximum overdrive-ratio that one might get with a 39-53T crankset and a 11-34T freewheel? If not, what is the mechanical roadblock in making one ?
Comment: I don't know the answer, but note that the 53 - 11 combination practically never gets used, so there may be IGH's with the same useful range, but different actual ranges.
Comment: @Batman I have retrofitted a paddle-assist hub motor. I use a 48-11 combination all the time. I wish I had a higher overdrive ratio.
Answer: If we use the Sheldon Brown Gear Calculator set to metres development (although any other unit will work adequately), we see that the range for a 39-53 x 34-11 system is 2.5 to 10.4 metres developed per crank revolution, yielding an overall range of 416%.
The widest range options from various companies are the Shimano Alfine 11 hub, which has a range of 409% - essentially the same - and the Rolhoff Speedhub 500/14, which has a quoted 526% range.
Compare to a Sturmey-Archer AW three-speed hub, with an overall ratio of 178% based on its stated ratios of 1.33, 1.00 and 0.75.
Comment: Yes, but you can adjust the overall balance of an IGH by changing the chainring and sprocket combination. To have the same high gear on the Alfine 11 as on the example derailleur system, you would need a crank:sprocket ratio of 2.27 (for example 45/20, available in the Alfine range, gives 2.25), as the ratio of the crank to sprocket link and then sprocket movement to wheel movement multiply to produce the final drive ratio.
Comment: @AyanMullick - I have no idea, but I suspect you are underestimating the complexity of a IGH... Rohloff, which is the closest to "handmade IGH" you can go, has basically only one product (speedhub): it took them a full 2 years to develop, and it has over 120 moving parts sourced from 80some different factories around Germany...
Comment: But the mentioned crank-sprocket setup will provide a maximum overdrive ratio of 4.8[53/11]. Whereas Shimano-Alfine-11's is 2.11. And I couldn't quite figure out that of Rolhoff-Speedhub-500/14's. But I don't think it'd be close to 4.8 ie.  the wheel turning 4.8 times with each revolution of the paddle.
Comment: Yes, but that would be thru a combination of the IGH, chainring and the sprocket, altogether. Isn't there a hub individually capable of a 5:1 overdrive like [this](http://www.unicycle.uk.com/kris-holm-schlumpf-geared-unicycle-hub.html) gives a 1.5:1 ratio.

If not, is there a mechanical roadblock to it?
Comment: @jbuk - Actually, IGH manufacturers set a limit for the amount of torque their system can take, so you are limited in the choice of sprocket you can fit. Rolhoff is very restrictive about it, Shimano seems to be far more permissive.
Comment: @AyanMullick - I would guess that the roadblock is more practical than theoretical: very high or low ratios would require more mechanical sturdiness which would increase designing and production costs.  Also, for the hub to be usable, it should still offer "regular" ratios, spaced at reasonable intervals (Alfine has 14%, Rolhoff has 13%, for example); this would mean fit **a lot** of gears in a very limited space (again: feasible, but economically not viable)...
Comment: @mac So does anyone make custom IGH's ?


Close - Suggested SE site redirecton entries - can we add Network Engineering SE as an option?

Question: I was wondering if ServerFault could add Network Engineering to one of the allowable sites for close redirection.
Comment: Downvotes on meta [indicate disagreement](http://serverfault.com/help/whats-meta).
Comment: From the linked document under the heading **Voting is different on meta.** _Votes on meta are generally used to express agreement or disagreement with a particular idea, rather than indicating the quality of research or factual correctness of a post... _
Comment: To those of you that downvoted remember this is a forum for suggesting ideas, discussion, and making comments on them.  Simply downvoting suggestions is not really that valuable in a meta forum.  What we all want to encourage is suggestions even though others might not agree.
Comment: I thought that they indicate problems with the formation, formatting, or research on a specific question.
Comment: thanks for the correcting my misperception.
Answer: I'm against this primarily on the grounds that NE is 100% overlapping with SF. So there's absolutely no reason anyone should be migrating a Question there unless the OP requests that it be migrated.
Comment: Rather, NE should just migrate everything here...
Comment: Meh, if they can be successful as a duplicate, more power to them I guess...
Answer: This question seems to be largely a duplicate of:
Will/Should Serverfault be dropping the "networking support" in the upcoming future?
The takeaway from that earlier discussion is that the way NE is currently defined, it overlaps 100% with SF - any question that's on-topic there is also on-topic here.  So it doesn't make sense to have an off-topic migration path from here to there.
Comment: yep, I learned there that the NE site experts might handle higher end exceptions from SF, but once you are at the level to be on-topic for them then you are probably already proficient enough to figure it out or your next step is usually the OEM TAC and not a forum.
Answer: This can't happen until NE 'graduates'. Built in migration paths to Beta sites is something SE doesn't allow as a rule.
Answer: To be honest I'm not sure what the point of NE is; network engineering is really a component of systems administration, and in smaller scenarios is even usually done by sysadmins.  The skill set is the same and most people I know in my field have at least a CCNA if not a CCNP.
Migrating questions unnecessarily simply annoys users and redirects efforts from closing things that are garbage, deduplicating, and migrating things that are actually off topic here.  I can't think of any scenario under which a migration to NE would be appropriate, though the converse is not true.