Force Download Files Broken Headers wrong?

Question: if($_POST['mode']=="save") {
$root = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'];
$path = "/mcboeking/";
$path = $root.$path;
$file_path = $_POST['path'];
$file = $path.$file_path;

if(!file_exists($file)) {
    die('file not found');
} else {
    header("Cache-Control: public");
    header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
    header('Content-Type: application/force-download');
    header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"".basename($file)."\";" );
    header("Content-Length: ".filesize($file));
    readfile($file);}}

As soon as I download the file and open it I get an error message. When i try to open a .doc file I get the message: file structure is invalid.
And when i try to open a .jpg file: This file can not be opened. It may be corrupt or a file format that Preview does not recognize.
But when I download PDF files, they open without any problem.
Can someone help me?
P.s. i tried different headers including :
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
Answer: Your headers have no bearing on the actual content, so the issue is that there is something wrong with the actual content.
Also, you really shouldn't try to force a download by changing the Content-Type header.  Leave it what it is supposed to be.  Let the client decide what to do with it.
Answer: Make sure you don't output anything but the readfile() data: ensure that PHP code begins with <? at the very first symbol of the PHP file, and that there are no symbols after the closing ?> at the end of file, like a space or a newline (or remove the ?> altogether).
Answer:
$fsize = filesize($yourFilePath);
$allowed_ext = array (

  // archives
  'zip' => 'application/zip',

  // documents
  'pdf' => 'application/pdf',
  'doc' => 'application/msword',
  'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
  'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',

);
$mtype = mime_content_type($file_path);
if ($mtype == '') {
    $mtype = "application/force-download";
}
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0");
header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0");
header("Cache-Control: public");
header("Content-Description: File Transfer");
header("Content-Type: $mtype");
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"$asfname\"");
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary");
header("Content-Length: " . $fsize);
//then ur rest code
Answer: Open PHP file in NOTEPAD. Press "Save as" and choose "ASCI" file format. This helped in my case, because file was in UTF8 format and this was the cause.


Why is the destination of the Discovery in 2001: A Space Odyssey Saturn in the book and Jupiter in the movie?

Question: So, in the book in 2001, it says the monolith is around Saturn, and in the movie, it says it's around Jupiter. Also, in 2010, they both agree that it's around Jupiter. Why is that?
Comment: +1 for adding good trivia to the system with a q/a combo.
Comment: Folks: A great book that answers a lot of questions about the novel and movie developing together is 'The Lost Worlds Of 2001'. It contain the original short story 'The Sentinel' on which the concept of both was based, early chapters that never made into the story (but carried over as ideas and structure) and gives insight into how the novel and movie fed each other. tinker
Answer: The book and the film were written at the same time. The original plot was for both to go to Saturn. At the time, they didn't have suitable pictures of Saturn's rings to use for the film. The rings are very much a part of Saturn's image to the public, and they look very different when viewed at the close angles that a moon of Saturn would have. To use Jupiter, they could use a telesope to photograph the planet well enough, and one wouldn't be able to tell the difference in where it was shot.
As for 2010, Authur C. Clark liked the idea of Europa possibly having life, as had been recently identified by the Voyager Missions, that he decided to stage both the book and the movie at Jupiter.
Comment: In the book 2001, they go to Saturn, in the movie, to Jupiter, but in the book 2010 they go to Jupiter and there's an intro explaining the change; at least in my version of the book. Has any 2001 book been published with Jupiter at the destination?
Comment: @ J. Pablo Fernández - Not that I've seen. All four books occur in their own distinct continuities is how Clarke explains it.
Comment: This is partially incorrect; the book and the film were written together, at more or less the same time. They simply developed in different ways. Will try to dig up a citation for this.
Comment: @Pearsonartphoto - Your point about having hi-res pictures of Jupiter and not Saturn at the time (that would be 1964 - 1968) is fascinating; can you provide a source for this or more information?
Comment: @neilfein: Good point, I'll edit my answer to be more appropriate.
Answer: This is a question that doesn't necessarily have a simple answer.
From the Author's Note in 2010:

The novel 2001: A Space Odyssey was written during the years 1964-1968 and was published in July, 1968, shortly after the release of the movie. [...] both projects proceeded simultaneously, with feedback in each direction.

From the Wikipedia article on the film:

The production was unable to develop a convincing rendition of Saturn's rings; hence the switch to Jupiter.

Clarke confirms in his 2010 note that filming Saturn would have been difficult (although Douglas Trumbull later figured out a way to film Saturn in Silent Running, drawing on his experience when doing the special effects for 2001). He also writes:

Stanley Kubrick wisely avoided confusion by setting the third confrontation between Man and Monolith among the moons of Jupiter.

Sir Arthur also indicates in these pages that much of his decision about basing 2010: Odyssey Two among the moons of Jupiter is was a result of the influences of the Voyager flybys of Jupiter, and the striking amount of information we now know about the Jupiter System.
Reading through the excerpts of Arthur C. Clarke's journals in The Lost Worlds of 2001, Stanley Kubrick was extremely enthusiastic about keeping up with current scientific thought in space technology, so it seems feasible that he'd want to show Jupiter and not Saturn on the screen, out of a desire to not be outdated. This answer's point about basing the destination on the photos of what planet was available is feasible, although I think a desire for a simplified narrative may have played a role.
The book and movie of 2001 were developed more or less together, a unique happening to my knowledge, and Clarke and Kubrick made decisions that they felt suited the media of cinema and the written word.
In general, I suspect that the decision to shift the Discovery One's destination to Jupiter for the film was probably based on a number of factors including special effects, accuracy and narrative simplicity. I'll update this if I find out additional information in The Lost Worlds of 2001. (I had an additional book on the making of the film, but that volume fell apart years ago, unfortunately.)
Comment: It isn't a unique happening according to Orson Scott Card, who draws parallels between it and his novelization of _The Abyss_.
Answer: Stanley Kubrick knew that if he tried to fabricate images of what Saturn might look like his film would be badly dated in only a few years.  He wisely chose to use recent NASA images of Jupiter instead.
Answer: According to Wikipedia (on the film Silent Running), there were also some issues involved in the special effects:

In an interview with Starlog magazine
  in the late 1970s, Douglas Trumbull...
Trumbull had been involved with
  creating effects for 2001: A Space
  Odyssey. Director Stanley Kubrick
  wanted the Stargate sequence of that
  film to be centered around Saturn, but
  there were technical difficulties in
  getting the special effects for it
  finished in the limited timeframe. The
  Saturn idea was scrapped, and Kubrick
  substituted Jupiter instead. Trumbull
  developed the sequence after
  production, and it was recreated for
  Saturn in Silent Running.


I have steel pieces after using my turbo trainer? How can I solve this problem? Is this is a problem?

Question: I am using an Elite Directo 2019 turbo trainer. After every ride I have some pieces around my bike. How can I solve this problem? And where to search the issues? thank you for the answer. I am using a carbon framed bike.

Comment: Can you grab a magnet, put it in a plastic bag, and see if the shavings are iron-based?  If yes, then they're not off your CF bike frame.
Comment: That is a pretty close up pic, as such I can't really tell what it is of.  I can definately see the metal pixie dust you are talking about.  However, it could be coming from many places on the trainer (or the bike) so additional information would be helpful.  Where is the pixie dust under?

Welcome to Bicycles.StackExchange!
Comment: Sorry for asking this but your chain does have lube on it, right? Just asking to rule out any silliness going on.
Comment: More information would definitely be useful. At the moment, it's hard to even tell what we're looking at. Is all of the reflective material on there the dust you're talking about, or is some of it just reflections off the plastic? Can you describe your setup in more detail?
Answer:
So after Googling your model of trainer, it appears the dust is likely coming from the resistance mechanism.  With the wheel off the only bicycle components I could see generating it (and depositing it in that area) would be the chain or cassette, which seems unlikely.  There are a couple of reasons I could think of for the dust.  One could be dust that was left over from manufacturing in the trainer, vacuuming or air washing the unit could help determine if this is the case.  A second could be dust created by metal parts on the unit which are possibly breaking in and would theoretically lessen after a few rides (I'd check with the company's customer service on this front).
Personally, I'd clean the unit (with a vacuum and/or air compressor) to remove the pixie dust and if it is still appearing after two or three hours of riding I'd contact the manufacturer.  It's normal to expect some break in period for mechanical products, and an issue like this goes away after a brief period of time and the unit continues to function, it should be fine.  If not (it doesn't go away or doesn't continue to function) then the manufacture should replace it or provide a refund.
Comment: That area is directly below the cassette, however if that dust is coming off the chain or cassette something is very, very wrong, and the OP should feel high pedaling resistance.
Comment: I would go as far as saying: There almost certainly is something very wrong. Good job for locating the full picture of the trainer, but those flakes indicate that something's grinding at quite high forces that shouldn't be grinding at all. The place I see for such grinding is the contact point between frame and trainer: If any of the rotating parts comes into contact with the frame, that would explain the flakes. **And any further use would increase the damage done.** The actual source of the flakes needs to be determined **before** the grinding produces irreparable damage to the bike.
Comment: Looks like the contact points would be the drop outs (which are likely metal).  However, I don't see anything on the trainer side that could be causing wear there without being very obvious.
Comment: @cmaster  Fairly unlikely that the CF frame is producing metal flakes?
Comment: @DeletedUser Exactly. The dropouts are most likely metal. If they rub against the trainer, well, there you get flakes. We can't see exactly how the frame fits on the trainer, and we can't see how the OP's trainer differs from the image (mistake in assembly?), or how the OP attached the frame, so we have to assume the worst. And the worst is that the axle is rubbing against the metal dropouts, destroying them over time.


What is the difference between yeast nutrient and yeast accelerator?

Question: I know what yeast nutrient is, but was browsing around the brew supply and noticed yeast accelerator. Anyone know that the REAL difference (if any) is chemically? See it mentioned through a goggle search, but not certain what it actually does. Does it shorten the fermentation time by enhancing the yeast metabolism rate? Are there downsides if this is the case? Thanks.
Comment: There's a table in The Compleat Meadmaker that breaks that down, but I don't have the book handy at the moment.   I think one is more DAP (Diammonium Phosphate) and Zinc, and the other is more FAN (Free Amino Nitrogen), but I don't remember which is which.
Comment: Thanks. I'll look into getting that reference, sounds like a good one.
Answer: Yeast nutrient is used primarily to ensure a strong fermentation and is typically added toward the end of boil. Yeast accelerator is used to fix a stalled fermentation. Each contains various ingredients like phosphates and minerals to help in these cases.
Answer: Yeast nutrient is "vitamins and minerals" to help yeast grow and ferment.
Yeast energizer is like "speed" to kick start a stuck fermentation.


How to play guitar and sing at the same time?

Question: I would like to sing while playing the guitar, but do not know how to keep with the rhythm. How many strums are needed before someone must sing? I am confused, how i can try it?
Answer: There isn't a set "number of strums", really. Also, I tend to agree with Johnny Strings to start simple.
One thing that may also be helpful is to simply make sure you hit one, single chord, while at the same time singing the first word of the verse. Let the chord ring and continue singing through the verse until the next chord comes up. Do the same thing with the next chord. Keep working your way through the song, hitting the chord only once when it changes. Don't worry about doing anything too complex on your guitar.
Once you do this a bit, you'll probably be able to get your singing to be rhythmic and in tempo and you'll have a "feel" on when to strum the chord changes. After that, it get a bit more natural where you don't need to spend so much mental effort on either playing or singing, and then you can work out a bit more complex pattern
I would say when working on anything where there's more than one thing happening at the same time, whether it's playing an instrument and singing or something like drums where different limbs can be doing quite different rhythms, the following might help:

Do it at the absolute slowest speed first. I mean make it EXTREMELY slow so that you have time to think about what's happening and what you're going to do next. Don't worry about doing it at tempo. Break it down as much as you can into smaller pieces and do them correctly but super, super slowly. It will probably seem like a pain at first, but trying to do it more quickly than you're ready for can be too big of a step sometimes. In addition, you could learn something incorrectly and turn it into a habit
Focus on the order of things, including what things happen at precisely the same the same time. Write it out on paper if you have to. If the pattern is
<code>[strum]

[strum]

[strum] + [sing first word at the same time]

[sing 2nd word]

[sing 3rd word]

[strum] + [sing fourth word at the same time]
</code>

writing it out like that makes it easier, as you can just read what you need to do as you do it slowly and develop muscle memory.
If you can give us an example song you're working on, perhaps we can help you break it down.
Answer: The hard part is when either vocal or guitar are in different rhythms. I would start with songs where the guitar and vocal are rhythmically identical. So with each strum you sing a new word. From there proceed to only slightly more complex vocals.
And for practice you don't even need words... just start strumming anything slowly, and then sing "La" with each strum... once you're confident, move to "La-la" then "La-la-la" and eventually to combinations of all of these... and finally to a point where the vocal barely even follows the guitar other than syncing up the chord progression with the beginning of each new lyrical phrase.
Also, google it: "how to play and sing at the same time." There are lots of thoughts out there on it... this is just what helped for me.


Best approach for Dependency Injection in Sitecore 8.2

Question: I see a fair few approaches in blog posts for using DI with 8.2, particularly around the registration. Is there an approach which would be recommended - particularly with a Helix compatible architecture?

http://kamsar.net/index.php/2016/08/Dependency-Injection-in-Sitecore-8-2/
https://ctor.io/one-way-to-implement-dependency-injection-for-sitecore-habitat/
http://www.sitecorenutsbolts.net/2016/09/17/Habitat-Dependency-Injection-with-Sitecore-8-2/
Comment: I don't think I'm understanding your question. Do you mean an approach to registering an IoC container, to using the container that Sitecore provides in 8.2, to referencing particular dependencies for features in Helix, or for something else?
Comment: Sorry if it's not clear. There seems to be a range of options to registering dependencies. What would be a recommended approach in a Helix/Habitat architecture? I'm liking this approach, but just wondering if this is considered the recommended practice: https://ctor.io/one-way-to-implement-dependency-injection-for-sitecore-habitat/
Comment: @Eldblom the problem with the approach you linked to is that it breaks composition root. If you look at the sitecorenutsbolts.net article you linked to, that is almost identical but without breaking that pattern. You should not have to add a dependency to the container in your projects to enable DI.
Answer: There are three aspects in choosing a DI approach with Sitecore 8.2:

The decision of which dependency injection container to use.
The way you integrate the container with Sitecore and ASP.NET MVC.
The pattern in which service dependencies and implementations are registered.

Picking a DI container
Sitecore 8.2 uses IServiceProvider / IServiceCollection as its DI container abstraction. Microsoft's implementation of this container, Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider, is used by default.
If you want, you can replace the default container completely, or you can override ASP.NET dependency resolvers. Either way, you're not bound to use the DI container Sitecore provides out of the box.
If you chose to use an alternative container, there's plenty to choose from.
The default container doesn't have many advanced features of the leading DI libraries. Just as an example, with Autofac you can mass-register all of your services like this:
builder
    .RegisterAssemblyTypes(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies())
    .Where(t =>t.GetInterfaces().Any(i => i.IsAssignableFrom(typeof(IService))))
    .AsImplementedInterfaces()
    .InstancePerLifetimeScope();

Also, SimpleInjector provides a way to quickly register all MVC Controllers in the container:
container.RegisterMvcControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());

In contrast, with the default container you'd have to use quite a bit of custom code to achieve the same result.
As a conclusion, it seems to me that the most "standard" way is to use the default container shipped with Sitecore. It's the most basic way too, though, so you can gain a lot by replacing the container.
Integrating the container with Sitecore
Obviously, if you've chosen to go with the default container, you don't have to do anything.
If you want to use another DI container, you have two options:

Let Sitecore use their container internally and use you container of choice in your application code and in ASP.NET controllers. This is done by overriding ASP.NET dependency resolvers and making sure there's a fallback to Sitecore's resolvers. This was the commonly accepted approach before Sitecore 8.2, and it still works well today.
Replace the container completely. You do that by creating your own service provider builder and patching the <serviceProviderBuilder> node in Sitecore.config. The benefit of this approach is that your custom services, along with Sitecore's internal services, are now easily accessible, replaceable and injectable through your DI container of choice. There is only one DI container in the system, which makes things simpler and more convenient.

I don't think either of these approaches is standard. My personal preference is to completely replace the default container, as it requires less code, less configuration, and it doesn't leave two containers existing in parallel, thus avoiding confusion and errors.
Registering services in the container
This is the least opinionated part. In simple applications that don't have many modules, registering all services in the composition root is perfectly acceptable.
If you have many fine-grained components (which you'll definitely have if you use Helix), then it makes a lot of sense to separate service registrations from the composition root and delegate this task to each component.
As far as I'm aware, there are three main approaches here. To register component-specific services in your container, you can:

Create a separate configuration file (e.g. use <service> registrations with the default container) for every component.
Or use a separate configurator class per component (every modern DI library has these).
Or use a custom pipeline—this way, every container that needs to register its services will create its own processor included as a step in the pipeline. Here's another article that mentions the same approach.

I don't believe there's a clear winner here. You'll have to decide what fits best with your architecture and the structure of your solution.
Answer: I'm not entirely sure there is a "recommended" approach - it mostly boils down to the container you'd like to use and the features you'd like to leverage from that container.
For instance, if you like non-conforming containers like Simple Injector and want to use the Verify() method on the container, then an approach like Rich's, in your third link, is a great choice.  It's also a nice example of following the Composition Root pattern.
However, if you really just want basic DI and don't care much about extra features, then use the default container that Sitecore is using that leverages the new MS DI Framework.
Then, there are those that suggest it's entirely appropriate to keep your application container separate from your framework/platform container.  That has a lot of merit as well.
So, in short (kindof), I'm not sure there is a single "right" or "recommended" approach.
Answer: G Killian, I posted a question here about using SimpleInjector which you might find useful also: SimpleInjector as default DI in Sitecore 8.2
It contains a reply from Richard for how you go about swapping out the default DI in Sitecore 8.2 for SimpleInjector which is our preferred framework for our project for a number of reasons but mostly as it's fast and easy to use and has good functionality.
Answer: A central challenge in respect to Habitat/Helix is the modular architecture - each module is self-contained and does not know of the other modules (and possibly the underlying framework).
Kevin Brechbühl handles the modular architecture, but adds a reference to the container in all modules. This tight coupling breaks the Composition Root pattern as described by Richard Seal. The approach described in Richards blog post removes this dependency (though retaining a dependency on MS DI Abstractions).
Answer: As discussed in earlier answers, Kevin Brechbühl handles the modular architecture, but adds a reference to the container in all modules. This tight coupling breaks the Composition Root pattern as described by Richard Seal.
Composition Root patterns says "A DI Container should only be referenced from the Composition Root. All other modules should have no reference to the container."
In practice, this means that you should configure the container at the root of your application.

In a desktop app, that would be in the Main method (or very close to
it)
In an ASP.NET (including MVC) application, that would be in
Global.asax
In WCF, that would be in a ServiceHostFactory
etc.

The solution of this problem is to register all dependency at one place, which seems to be very difficult in component based architecture following Helix principles.  But we got a way to do it with Microsoft Dependency Injection Abstractions.
We can use reflection to load or register all dependencies (attributed with specific type) at one place in Foundation module.
public static void AddClassesWithServiceAttribute(this IServiceCollection serviceCollection, params Assembly[] assemblies)
{
   var typesWithAttributes = assemblies
       .Where(assembly => !assembly.IsDynamic)
       .SelectMany(GetExportedTypes)
       .Where(type => !type.IsAbstract && !type.IsGenericTypeDefinition)
       .Select(type => new { type.GetCustomAttribute<ServiceAttribute>()?.Lifetime, ServiceType = type, ImplementationType = type.GetCustomAttribute<ServiceAttribute>()?.ServiceType })
       .Where(t => t.Lifetime != null);

   foreach (var type in typesWithAttributes)
   {
       if (type.ImplementationType == null
           serviceCollection.Add(type.ServiceType, type.Lifetime.Value);
       else
           serviceCollection.Add(type.ImplementationType, type.ServiceType, type.Lifetime.Value);
   }
}

And then we can write configurator, this will add our registrations to the IServiceCollection for the application.
namespace Sitecore.Foundation.DependencyInjection.Infrastructure
{
   using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
   using Sitecore.DependencyInjection;

   public class MvcControllerServicesConfigurator : IServicesConfigurator
   {
       public void Configure(IServiceCollection serviceCollection)
       {
          serviceCollection.AddMvcControllers("*.Feature.*");
          serviceCollection.AddClassesWithServiceAttribute("*.Feature.*");
          serviceCollection.AddClassesWithServiceAttribute("*.Foundation.*");
       }
   }
}

Now, we need to add the config for Sitecore to know about the configurator
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration xmlns:patch="http://www.sitecore.net/xmlconfig/">
   <sitecore>
       <services>
           <configurator type="Sitecore.Foundation.DependencyInjection.Infrastructure.MvcControllerServicesConfigurator, Sitecore.Foundation.DependencyInjection"/>
       </services>
   </sitecore>
</configuration>

You can find step by step implementation of this concept in Helix based solution here.


Rating system: star rating, heart, or both?

Question: I want to know customer's opinion about salon and spa locations. Would you suggest using a multi-star rating for the review, a single heart to "like" a location, or both of these systems together?
Comment: Possible duplicate of [Star vs Heart icon to represent save as a favourite](http://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/79221/star-vs-heart-icon-to-represent-save-as-a-favourite)
Comment: Heart is emotional and personal. Stars are more appropriate, and convey more info as provide scale.
Comment: @tohster it doesn't look like a duplicate of the linked question to me. This question is opening a valid discussion of which system is appropriate in different settings, while the one linked (and a few others) center on specific choice of symbol which is a different issue. Alexey has the right idea that one is more appropriate for a binary emotional indicator and the other is better for a more objective rating of quality — I say let it stand, but edit the question to make it more clear.
Comment: @AlexeyKolchenko so you recommend to use both of them, yes?
Comment: or just star rating?
Comment: Are you trying to let users do two different things with a heart and a star? If so, will users understand the difference between the two? I'd recommend you just support one feature, and pick one icon.
Answer: I would suggest using stars only because users can see whats the rating from 1 to 5 and make a decision about the particular spa location.
If there are only likes, a newly added location may be better than the rest but won't have as much likes as it's recently added.
Avoid adding both, rating and likes because they will lead users to confusion thinking which should they look: likes or ratings, which is more valid, etc.
Comment: +1 to add to this: a heart is binary (which doesn't give more input) while a star can provide far more depth as to what they liked about the location: "4/5 got a good hair cut but the lady was angry at me for some reason"
Answer: Think about the factors on which something is liked or 'rated'. The more complicated things become, people prefer relative grading. Heart is primitive. It is a binary choice. You either like Vanilla Ice cream or you don't. Not all parameters are as simple as that.
Have a look at the things that usually have hearts. Those are binary choices. Twitter recently moved favorites from single star to hearts. It is 140 characters in length, you either like it or you don't. Other possible use of a binary choice is something like a bookmark system. A places you want to go, you mark them.
When a consumer is grading an establishment like a salon or spa, from Hygiene to staff courteousness, there are many factors on which she can rate it. On the other hand, when a consumer wants to select a place to visit there might be many aspects helpful for making a decision. For this purposes star system is much more helpful and a norm.
Look at Google Places and or Zomato eateries. Their grading systems definitely include multi-step stars. This has also helped in shaping user's mental models. A user might expect more information which is provided by a multi-step rating system.
A combination can work too. Along with giving a star system based review, you might want to ask user to recommend or not. A recommendation is a binary choice. Your system can ask for user to recommend a salon or spa. However, this is over an above a multi-step rating system.
Answer: As everything UX, it all depends on the context. Your information is incomplete, but let's see some typical cases:
You want to inform people and nothing else
In this case, a rating system -whether stars or something else, this is a different question- will be the more appropriate. Basically you'll be creating a list with community driven ratings. You don't have any preference for any item in the list, so you leave it all to the community
You want to charge for listings
In this case, you should use hearts (or anything else but ratings). Just imagine the situation: someone buys a spot, pays for the advertisement and then they get 1 star. Literally, they would be paying you to destroy their business. As simple as that. So, you should use a positive rating system, meaning by this a rating that has no negative connotations. Please note that hearts is a somehow confusing icon, since it's usually used for "favorite" rather than "liked" or "loved", although I admit the metaphor may work in context. However, you could try something else, specially fi you're after branding
You want to "keep it clean"
Here, you make the reviewer take responsibility for their actions. You can require the user to sign up, you can require the user to ACTUALLY be an use for those services, or can use an external rating system. For example, you can use Facebook so you know users are (mostly) real and willing to provide their name/profile. This will give you access to their "like" system and you can promote your service at the same time.
Final words
there are other options you might try, but we'd need A LOT more information that what you gave. In the end, it all comes to your needs. And even then, an option might look great on theory but testing shows it's a failure. So, as I always say: "test, test, test"
Answer: In general, for places and locations we use star, like in "5 star hotel" and heart for products and services.
It is not a rule, but it is a good abstraction from real world to digital.
So in this case, I Suggest stars
Answer: It's more appropriate to use stars when it comes to locations. Hearts can be use for feelings and customer experience.


Brisket: separating the flat from the point prior to smoking

Question: Is it possible to separate the flat from the point prior to smoking whole brisket without messing either piece up? I have a limited time to cook before an event and I'm thinking if this would work, I could smoke the point for burnt ends on a different smoker at a hotter temperature.
Answer: This is indeed possible and not really hard to do. Just look up some tutorial videos on youtube to see where to cut.
Be careful with the reduced cooking time, though. Brisket needs it's time to denaturate/melt the fat and collagens. Maybe pre-cook it sous-vide for a few hours if you have limited time on the smoker.


Add metadata for images as key/value pair?

Question: I am trying to add metadata to images, and I want it as key/value pairs. I know about the possibility to add keywords. But they are just a list of words. I would like to be able to add the metadata as pairs, like Product=Apple. Is this possible? If so, what type of metadata would it be (xmp, exif...), and how do I add it (e.g. in Adobe Bridge)
Answer: Your best bet would be XMP as it allows for specification of custom "namespaces/schemas", though it is XML-based. Full documentation is on Adobe website. In fact this shows you can do it with free ExifTool.


quick question need answer ASAP concerning the cannon 7d's audio features

Question: I'm shooting a corporate video and we're using a canon 7d, I've got the mini jack connection, me 66, boom pole and all the works I just want to know very badly if the camera has an audio level setting in the menu??????
Answer: I own a 7d, so I'll chime in here as well.  The 5dMkII does have a firmware update that allows for user controlled gain, but the 7D does not.  Some people hack the AGC by feeding a 20k tone into the left channel and the mic into the right, but I'd seriously advise against recording ANY audio to a still camera and hoping to use it.
Use an external recorder, do an audio slate and clap, and sync it back in post.  that's far less trouble than trying to record anything usable directly to the camera.  Trust me and everyone else here - you can't make a professional product using that as your audio capture device.  If you do end up recording directly to the camera, don't expect any post houses to make it sound professional.  It won't happen.
I'll say it again:  Go dual system.
Even if you have to cheap out and go with a Zoom H1 or something, that'll be MILES better than the camera audio.
can I say it one more time?  Don't use a still camera as an audio capture device.  The circuitry in your cell phone is better, and that circuitry is crap.  go dual system.
Comment: @Rene Do you have any advice on shooting with 2 7ds and two Zoom H4Ns?  One Zoom for 2 wireless lavs and one Zoom for a shotgun microphone. Would this be a quad system? Would sync be a problem if just using a hand clap on set?
Comment: if you slate properly you should be fine.  say the slate loud enough for both cameras and both audio recorders to hear it, clap loud enough for everything to hear it and in a spot where both cameras can see it, and you're good.  The tricky part with a system like that is having every piece of gear rolling on every take. :)
Comment: @Rene That helps a lot I appreciate it!!
Answer: You should really get a mixer for that, the preamps will be horrid.
According to the d.o.p I'm on set with, the 7d has level control. You need to switch off the automatic gain. On the Sound Devices website, there's an article on using the 5d directly onto a mixer, might be worth checking out.
Answer: The DSLR cameras are a 2nd tier still photo camera, a somewhat usable video camera, and a not-at-all usable audio recorder.  Do they record audio?  Yes.  Do they record audio WELL? No.
When I hear I'm on a shoot with a DSLR camera I require the production to rent my Sound Devices 744t and time code slate.  Seeing as how my recorder costs far more than the camera I see it as a rather fair charge.  I do highly recommend sending some sort of guide track in to the camera.  You can use an old Sennheiser G2 system or something similar and pop it on the hot-shoe.  Send a mono mix from your mixer and the editor will thank you!
But yes, record the audio externally.  If the production insists on recording master audio on the camera walk away.  don't turn your back...just slowly...walk...away.
Answer: There is.  Also, the audio is terrible.  Record off-camera if at all possible.  If people are freaked by recording off-camera, you can turn on the on-board mic and use any nubmer of plugins for FCP that automatically match the camera shot with the off-camera audio.  Singular Software makes one that works well.
Answer: I would go with a mixer and record sound onto a separate recorder!  The built in audio on the 5D and th 7D is...erm...awful...to say the least.
Otherwise as mentioned above, check the Sound Devices website  (www.sounddevices.com) for said article.


How can I find the points of intersection between the curves $r=1+\sin\theta$ and $r=1-\sin\theta$?

Question: Find the points of intersection for the curve $r=a(1+\sin\theta)$ and $r=a(1-\sin\theta)$
My book says the answer is $(0,0),(a,0),(a,\pi)$.
However I calculated $ (a,0),(a,\pi),(a,2\pi)$.
Comment: Your calculation is correct: you just forgot the case $a=0$.
Answer: Two of your points, $(a,0)$ and $(a,2\pi)$, are the same.
It is easy to miss the solution $(0,0)$, since $(0,\theta)$ is the origin whatever $\theta$ is: the origin has many polar addresses.
So $(0,0)$ is on one of the curves in the disguise $(0,\pi/2)$, and on the other in the disguise $(0,3\pi/2)$.
To spot this sort of thing, one has to examine algebraically the possibility that $r=0$ for some $\theta$. Or make a sketch.
Answer: For intersection, $1-\sin\theta=1+\sin\theta\implies \sin\theta=0\implies \theta=n\pi$ where $n$ is any integer
$\implies r=a(1\pm \sin n\pi)=a$
As the period of $\sin\theta,\cos\theta$ is $2\pi$
So, the in-congruent values of $\theta$ are $0,\pi$

Alternatively,
If $r=0,$ from the first equation $\sin\theta=-1$ and $\sin\theta=1$  from the second
$\implies r\ne0$
$r=a(1+\sin\theta)\implies r^2= ar+ ar\sin\theta\implies x^2+y^2-ar=ay$
Similarly, $r=a(1-\sin\theta)\implies x^2+y^2-ar=-ay$
$\implies ay=-ay\implies y=0\implies r=|x|, x^2-a|x|=0\implies |x|=a$ as $x=0$ would imply $ r=0$
So, $x=\pm a\implies r=a,\theta= \arctan \frac{0}{\pm a}=n\pi$ whose in-congruent values   are $0,\pi$
Answer: Suppose that $(r_0,\theta_0)$ is a solution to both $r=a(1+\sin(\theta))$ and $r=a(1-\sin(\theta))$.
That is, suppose
$$r_0=a(1+\sin(\theta_0))\quad\text{and}\quad r_0=a(1-\sin(\theta_0)).$$
If $a=0$, then we must have $r_0=0$ and $\theta_0$ can be anything (but all of these points are the same, namely, they all describe the origin; the origin doesn't have a well-defined angle).
Now suppose that $a\neq 0$. Then we can divide both sides by $a$ to see that
$$\begin{align*}
a(1+\sin(\theta_0))=a(1-\sin(\theta_0)) &\iff 1+\sin(\theta_0)=1-\sin(\theta_0)\\
&\iff 2\sin(\theta_0)=0\\
&\iff \sin(\theta_0)=0\\
&\iff  \theta_0\in\{0,\pi\}
\end{align*}$$
so that the solutions are
$$(a(1+\sin(0)),0)=(a,0)\qquad\text{ and }\qquad (a(1+\sin(\pi)),\pi)=(a,\pi).$$
Comment: makes sense thank you!
Comment: Glad I could help!


Where to ask for feedback on (Perl) CPAN modules?

Question: Say I've written a new Perl module on CPAN (or open-source module in any other language).  Is there an appropriate place, either on stackoverflow or any of the other stackexchange sites to ask for general community feedback?
The types of feedback that I would be interested in would be:

general soundness of the idea
any potential pitfalls / bugs related to the solution
feature suggestions / revisions to existing features
any other comments / feedback

Apologies in advance if this has been asked before, I searched but did not find anything I thought was relevant.
Answer: The best place to ask for feedback about Perl modules is probably comp.lang.perl.modules.


Reserve screen space for just one program?

Question: I'm running Windows 7, and I've been working on the issue of reserving screen space for only one program for ~3 hours now. I need to reserve it for the Linux Mint taskbar running under VirtualBox in seamless mode. I've tried using DesktopCoral, but it worked a little too well because it also prevented VirtualBox from using that space, and it has no way to specify that a certain program should be allowed to use reserved desktop space. I have also tried Hawkeye ShellInit, DesktopX, and WipeOut, which all offer similar functionality, but none of them allow the reservation of screen space for just one program. I have also tried running Worktop, but it just crashes.
Are there any programs that allow me to prevent a part of the screen (more specifically, ~40px on the top) from being covered by other open windows, even when they're maximized (or snapped)?

This shows my current setup, with the bar at the top being covered by maximized windows.
Answer: You should check out a Windows Tiling type program.
http://www.winsplit-revolution.com/
http://windawesome.codeplex.com/
http://palatialsoftware.com/plumb/


What is the maximum retirement age of cricket player?

Question: Many player retire from cricket at their on choice, but if they do not do it then what is the maximum age as specified by the respective cricket board until a player can play cricket and after that they will be retired officially by the cricket board?
Answer:
What is the maximum retirement age of cricket player?

There is no retirement age. It's always a decision by the person itself and nothing else.
Answer: As far as I'm aware, no cricket board enforces a mandatory retirement age. I know players who kept playing into their sixties, and I'm sure there are players who kept going longer than that.
Answer: I totally agree with you . Cricket has no age limit for retirement. A player can retire at the earliest of his/her career or go as long as his/her body supports.For example, Australian player George Bradley Hogg play at the age of 47.
Indian player Pravin Tambe Made his IPL debut at the age of 41 and represented IPL team SRH(SunRisers Hyderabad) in 2017. However he was unsold in IPL 2018 auction.


How to prove that Z operator rotates points on Bloch sphere about Z axis through 180°?

Question: My idea was to apply $Z$ operator , which leads us back to the point where we started from, and also show that after applying the $Z$ operator just  we are not at the same point where we started (this is for showing that we are not rotating by a multiple of $360^{\circ}$). Is this the correct proof? What about the general case, where we want to find out through how many degrees a given operator rotates the points?
Answer: The Pauli-$Z$ gate maps $|0\rangle$ to $|0\rangle$ and $|1\rangle$ to $-|1\rangle$.
For Bloch sphere representation, state of a qubit is written like (look at my previous answer for a detailed explanation)
$$|\psi\rangle = \cos(\theta/2)|0\rangle + e^{i\phi}\sin(\theta/2)|1\rangle$$
Apply the Pauli-$Z$ gate on this and you get:
$$|\psi'\rangle = \cos(\theta/2)|0\rangle + (-1)e^{i\phi}\sin(\theta/2)|1\rangle$$
$$=\cos(\theta/2)|0\rangle + e^{i(\phi+\pi)}\sin(\theta/2)|1\rangle$$
Thus, the angle $\phi$ changes by $\pi$. We can call $\phi + \pi$ as $\phi'$ now.
Remind yourself what the Bloch sphere looks like:

Clearly, from the diagram, if the angle $\phi$ is changed by $\pi$, it will imply that the state of the qubit has been rotated about the Z-axis by $180$ degrees.
Answer: One can more generally show that $R_z(\theta)=e^{-i \theta Z/2}=\cos(\theta/2)-iZ\sin(\theta/2)$ rotates points on the Bloch sphere by an angle $\theta$ around the $z$-axis,
and note that $Z=i R_z(\pi)$.
Let $|\psi\rangle$ be an arbitrary pure state. The coordinates of the point representing $|\psi(\theta)\rangle\equiv R_z(\theta)|\psi\rangle$ on the Bloch sphere are
$$x(\theta)=\langle\psi(\theta)|X|\psi(\theta)\rangle, \\ y(\psi)=\langle\psi(\theta)|Y|\psi(\theta)\rangle, \\
z(\psi)=\langle\psi(\theta)|Z|\psi(\theta)\rangle.$$
That this point follows a circular trajectory around the $z$-axis when $\theta$ goes from $0$ to $2\pi$,
can be seen by direct calculation as follows:
\begin{align}
x(\theta) &=\langle\psi\rvert R_z(-\theta)\,X\,R_z(\theta)\lvert\psi\rangle =
\cos\theta\,x(0) + \sin\theta\,y(0), \\
y(\theta) &=\langle\psi\rvert R_z(-\theta)\,Y\,R_z(\theta)\lvert\psi\rangle =
-\sin\theta\,x(0) + \cos\theta\,y(0), \\
z(\theta) &= z(0).
\end{align}
Note that the same is true more generally for mixed states: the point representing $\rho(\theta)\equiv R_z(\theta)\rho R_z(\theta)^\dagger$ in the Bloch sphere is
$$\newcommand{\Tr}{\operatorname{Tr}}
x(\theta)=\Tr(X\rho(\theta)), \\
y(\theta)=\Tr(Y\rho(\theta)), \\
z(\theta)=\Tr(Z\rho(\theta)),$$
and one can show by direct calculation that this point evolves similarly to the pure case.


Is my hamster's (fancy dwarf) cage too small?

Question: It's not trying to escape or anything, but I'm just wondering if the cage is too small. Please look at picture provided.
Comment: what are the dimensions of the cage?
Comment: This looks like the JW Pet Petville Palace 16.2"x11.5"x9.5". Whatcha think @YvetteColomb ? My vote is fine enough for a dwarf not enough for an average teddy bear Hammie, not much surface space but better than most habitats similar to this style cage.
Answer: Unfortunately, this is cage is not suitable for any breed of hamster.
Hamsters of all breeds need a minimum of 450 square inches (2900 cm2) of continuous floor space. A good choice of cage is a 40 gallon (150 liters) long aquarium or bigger with a DIY mesh lid. Remember, bigger is always better.
Hamsters really should have 6-8 inches (15-20 cm) of bedding in at least a portion of their cage to make room for burrowing.
Dwarf hamsters (excluding robos) need at least an 8 inch wheel to prevent back damage.
Hamsters need lots of different toys and wood chews for enrichment!
I hope this helps!
Answer: Here's what I know, I hope this answers your question:
The minimum recommendation for dwarf hammies is 1 ft2 (930 cm2) of surface area for one and an additional 0.5 ft2 (470 cm2) for each additional.
With that said, the bottom dimensions of your cage are under that. You have additional levels, and it appears by the pictures (seed hulls on a few levels) that your hammie uses these levels, which would add to the surface space used. If this isn't a good depiction of his activity, and he spends most of his time on the bottom, then I'd say it's too small.
What you want, when concerning surface space is enough space for a wheel, general roaming space and his food and water area to be of distance from where he eliminates to keep the ammonia content and smell separated from  food (most hammies choose one or two corners away from where they eat).
IF he uses his levels regularly, and if you moved his food dish and water bottle to one of the levels, instead of the bottom, where his bedding is, I'd say size is sufficient. It also makes it easier to clean (when he's made a huge mess with his seeds in between bedding changes, you can just remove a level or two, clean it and put it back).
If he spends most of his time on the bottom, I'd say it's a little too cramped.
I appreciate the question. It shows you care about the well being of your pet, and will help inform those who read this in the future.
If you do upgrade to a larger cage, I'd say a 20 gallon (76 liters) long aquarium with a mesh lid (not plastic, for air quality) would be enough space for exercise, and separation of food and potty. Also, plastic bottomed cages are very common, and work for most but can hold calcium and minerals from urine crystals that glass cannot, making for healthier environment over time, less erosion on the plastic (when you see plastic turning white - that's from elimination) and less scrubbing when cleaning. You also don't have to worry about him chewing on the bars.
With the big, long explanation I've put, also know, you're using a cage that A LOT of people wouldn't have initially thought to get or invested in, and his space is A LOT better than others.


Are there any tour group comparison websites?

Question: After having good experiences with the various websites for comparing flight prices (Expedia, Orbitz, etc), I was wondering whether there's anything similar for tours that compares times, prices, itineraries, etc?  I have a handful of tour operator websites that I check but I can obviously only check the ones I know about.
Comment: Did you find any sites in the meantime?
Comment: Unfortunately I did not.  However I haven't looked in quite a while, so there might have been new developments in this area.
Comment: Thanks for your response. I'm building a Dutch tour/travel comparison site on the moment, I'm thinking about deploying an international version afterwards. :)
Answer: I found tour radar was quite useful for finding different tours from non main stream companies as well as all the regulars. You can choose tours that go through a specific country or ones based in just the country you select. There are also plenty of options to weed out those that aren't suitable, such as age, duration, price, trip type, group size, dates and operators.
Answer: Any particular region? Or worldwide? For example, http://www.comparelondonbustours.com/ compares, funnily enough, London Bus tours, and http://www.great-barrier-reef.au.com/ compares day trip tours to the Great Barrier Reef, in Australia.
Comment: Worldwide.  I've been looking at both SE Asia and Africa group tours recently, and was struck by how similar a lot of the tours are so figured they'd be ripe for comparison websites.
Answer: Comparison website for tours are hard-to-find because of the unstructured nature of the industry. Flights, trains et al have fixed schedules which makes it easy for travel comparison websites to easily sort and compare things. Most online tour booking sites are listing websites as there's no standard way of representing the information, and more importantly the actual tour operators don't often themselves have comupterised management systems (I'm referring specifically about SE Asia).
For SE Asia, two major travel sites that will give you tour comparisons would be Wego and Air Asia Go. Wego does a somewhat good job of giving a few tools to sort and compare tours - at least what I have seen so far on tour sites; Air Asia Go is a more of static listings offered by Air Asia (you don't have to fly with them to buy tour packages). If you want to spend on mid to high range budget tours for SE Asia, start with these two places.
You will be better off booking on the ground in each country in SE Asia though. The prices mentioned on these sites are hugely inflated; basically, an online tour booking agent offering local tour operators a new medium for sales in exchange for a huge markup in prices which the online tour operators keep. If you book online, you may end up with the same tour operator as one you could book with directly, and yet end up paying up to 3-10x the amount.
Answer: I found the Nibduck website, which shows different tours worldwide and lets you contact the tour operator directly. Also found Tour Radar which is a similar but bigger company.
Comment: Can you tell us more about it? Are you associated with it?
Answer: I've found TourAmigo (http://www.touramigo.com/) to be the best tour comparison site for multi-day tours. They cover 10 different continents and all the small and major tour operators and allows you to contact the tour companies directly to book which avoids commission fees.
Comment: Are you associated with this site?


wget in answers

Question: Should we be encouraging people, who may be inexperienced, to be using wget without truly understanding what the file is they are retrieving?
Examples
Emulation on a PC
Answer: In a Stack Exchange site, answers should more or less begin on the assumption that users are experts on the topic at-large, but not the question itself.  If a user specifically asks about wget, it's necessary to explain it to them (though this will probably be referred to Unix.SE).  It's reasonable in a step-by-step to use wget.
Comment: I like this answer as it also applies to the `sudo` issues.
Answer: I don't see the problem in requesting users use wget, as long as it makes sense in that scenario (as in you're doing something in the shell already and not going into it solely for that purpose.)
Perhaps as a general policy we should comment to say what the file is you're retrieving, but I don't see it as a huge issue.
Answer: No, we shouldn't. Perhaps something like this:

Download1 the latest version of GCC from here.
Answer: Here is an alternate recommendation never by it's self, only as part of a workflow.

wget http://example.com/wizbang/wizbang3.tgz # download stable version
tar -xzvf wizbang3.tgz
mkdir wizbang.build
cd wizbang.build
../wizbang/configure --without-reason | tee configure.log
make | tee build.log
make test | tee test.log # make sure every thing worked
sudo make install | tee install log # become superuser for install

notice that wget is only a small part of the workflow (as is sudo) and that the comment explains what is going on.

wget in answers


What does,'I establish mindfulness in front of me' mean?

Question: This phrase 'I establish mindfulness in front of me' appears many times in Suttas (https://suttacentral.net/an3.63/en/bodhi) . What does 'in front of me' mean here. I can understand if it would have said within me as in mindful of body or breath. But its not clear to me, what 'infront of me mean'
Answer: Ven. Bodhi's translation of AN 3.63:

I collect some grass or leaves that I find there into a pile and then
sit down. Having folded my legs crosswise and straightened my body, I
establish mindfulness in front of me.

Ven. Sujato's translation of AN 3.63:

I gather up some grass or leaves into a pile, and sit down
cross-legged, with my body straight, and establish mindfulness right
there.

Piya Tan's translation of AN 3.63:

There I gather some grass or leaves together into one place and sit
down there cross-legged, keeping mindfulness before me.

Original Pali:

So yadeva tattha honti tiṇāni vā paṇṇāni vā tāni ekajjhaṃ saṅgharitvā
nisīdāmi pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ
upaṭṭhapetvā.

Meaning of parimukha from PTS Pali-English dictionary:

Parimukha,(adj.) [pari+mukha] facing,in front; only as nt.adv.°ṁ in
front,before,in phrase parimukhaṁ satiṁ upaṭṭhapeti "set up his memory
in front" (i.e.of the object of thought),to set one's mindfulness
alert Vin.I,24; D.II,291; M.I,56,421; S.I,170; A.III,92; It.80;
Ps.I,176 (expld); Pug.68; DA.I,210.

I would say this means "establish mindfulness at the foreground of my mind" or "establish mindfulness as my main focus or main activity".
Answer: I think it might be easier to demonstrate what this passage seeks to combat instead of diving right into how to practice it.  Take a couple of minutes and just let your mind wander.  Try to run through the last TV show you watched or replay a recent conversation in your head.  Let that play out for a minute or two.  Once a minute has passed, direct your attention to the tip of your nose.  Notice the shift in perception?  Where before your mind was diffused and tangled up in itself, now it is directed, collected, and composed.
When our minds are untrained, we spend 99.999% of our lives with our minds floating like dust motes in the air.  They flit here and there, directionless, without ever alighting on anything.  Buddhist practice tries to combat that and establish new patterns of attention that make our mind more unified and concentrated.
The advice given in the suttas to establish mindfulness in front of you is good advice.  If you did the exercise I recommended, you'll see how quickly that shift in attention can occur just by simply (and literally!) shifting your attention in front of you.  But don't mistake the practice for the goal.  Ultimately what you are after is mind that is collected.  In Zen, we'd call that kanshin - the mind with no remainder.  This sort of mentation is characterized by it's unity.  The normal mind is like a bag of spilled marbles.  Kanshin is all the marbles put back in the bag.  In kanshin, there is no remainder of marbles outside of that bagged collection.  They are all gathered up.  Of course, just as there are a number of ways of collecting those marbles, there are several ways of collecting the mind.  We can "set our minds up in front of us", but we can also work with a koan, a mantra, awareness of our bodies, a kasina, or our breath.  Even the discomfort of hunger or the vigilance of virtue will "keep our minds in front of us", so to speak.  So as long as the practice we pick up unifies our minds and keeps us from scattering our mental energy, it will work.
If you want to work with this as a koan, see the following:

Case 16 of the Mumonkan When the Bell Sounds
Unmon said, "The world is vast and wide.
Why do you put on your seven-piece robe at the sound of the bell?"
Mumon's Comment
In studying Zen, you should not be swayed by sounds and forms. Even though you attain insight when hearing a voice or seeing a form,
this is simply the ordinary way of things.Don't you know that the real
Zen student commands sounds, controls forms, is clear-sighted at every
event and free on every occasion?
Granted you are free, just tell me: Does the sound come to the ear or
does the ear go to the sound? If both sound and silence die away, at
such a juncture how could you talk of Zen? While listening with you
ear, you cannot tell. When hearing with your eye, you are truly
intimate.
Mumon's Verse
With realization, things make one family; Without realization,
things are separated in a thousand ways. Without realization,
things make one family; With realization, things are separated in
a thousand ways.

Don't worry about sound just yet.  Be the monk putting on his seven piece robe.  Where is his mind when he does that?  When you truly become that monk, you will see your mind set up in front of you.
Answer: Thanissaro writes this in his footnotes to https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.118.than.html#fn-1 ;

To the fore (parimukham): The Abhidhamma takes an etymological approach to this term, defining it as around (pari-) the mouth (mukham). In the Vinaya, however, it is used in a context (Cv.V.27.4) where it undoubtedly means the front of the chest. There is also the possibility that the term could be used idiomatically as "to the front," which is how I have translated it here.
Answer:

AN5.75:15.1: Gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, he sits down cross-legged, with his body straight, and establishes his mindfulness right there.

Right there as if your life depended on it. Because it does.


Is the same camera used for TV series and movies?

Question: Are the same cameras used for TV series and movies?
Answer: There used to be much more difference between TV and Film camera usage than there is now... and it also varies depending on the type of show you're talking about... I'm going to assume you mean feature films and narrative TV shows.
Cameras used for TV shows and films now vary widely depending on the preference of the director/dp of the show. Many tv shows are shot on the same cameras as films. Look at Game of Thrones.  This is a very cinematically-shot TV show and they use ARRI Alexa digital cameras... so were a bunch of the Oscar nominated films. And all of these other TV shows and films.

Gravity
Iron Man 3
Elementary
Homeland

Now, I wouldn't want to look like I'm advertising for ARRI, so here's some selections from the RED's list of TV shows and films:

The Hobbit
Jurassic World
House of Cards
True Blood

And there's all sorts of oddballs... apparently they shoot The Walking Dead on Super 16mm film cameras.... and this format was also used for all of these films.
But what about the big boy... 35 mm.  Only films use that, right? Well.. not so much. True Detective shot on 35... it's not the only one but I'm getting lazy.
And, because it's cool, here's a list of films shot on digital cameras and what camera was used... and the sibling list of TV shows. You'll notice a lot of crossover on these two lists.
Before the digital era, this was different.
Most TV shows had that TV feel because they were shot on videotape formats while films were shot... on film... so, in this sense, it's not that they're using different cameras, so much as they're using different media.
Film cameras are expensive, large and heavy. Videotape cameras can be, in contrast, small, light-weight and the medium is relatively inexpensive. Film processing can also be a lot slower, so for a TV show that needs to produce an episode a week, film was a crunch on their time, while videotape requires no processing other than editing.
Digital video gives TV shows (and films) the option of (relatively) low-cost, extremely high quality product that requires little to no processing time, can be reviewed on demand on set, and can be easily and quickly duplicated.
Answer: Definitely not. It changes from movie to movie, series to series, and scene to scene. Game of Thrones, for example, definitely uses cameras that are on par with the best movie cameras, but The Flash is much lower quality. One of the biggest changes you'll notice is in movies with indoors and outdoor scenes. In Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian, I distinctly remember the camera quality dropping through the floor when they transitioned to inside scenes, especially in the ship's cabin.
Comment: _The Flash is much lower quality_ @PiPatrol Actually, it's nowhere near "lower quality."

The Flash, Arrow, and Games of Thrones all use the same camera. The Arri Alexa. Now, the colour grading, cinematography, composition/editing of shots is obviously different, and that greatly influences the final look.
Comment: @Cyber-Logic could you cite a source for this? As it stands the answerer and yourself are directly contradicting one another and it would be good to have a primary source to confirm this one way or the other.
Comment: @TomW Source: https://www.fxguide.com/featured/fabricating-the-flash/ The statement "Game of Thrones definitely uses cameras that are on par with the best movie cameras, but The Flash is much lower quality" made by the answerer is wrong and self-contradictory. The ARRI Alexa IS a "movie camera" and is used on BOTH Game of Thrones, The Flash, as well as a lot of other TV shows AND films. The fact is that most good TV shows are shot with the same cameras which are typically used to shoot feature films, unless it's a very low budget indie TV series or something. The other 2 answers are on point.
Answer: Very rarely indeed but it does happen.
It's basically a budget thing, in general movie cameras are rented due to their cost (even with new digital ones such as Red's models) whereas any TV show filmed in a studio are generally owned by the production facility. That said I know for a fact that the large studio-based cameras inside BBC studios are particularly expensive and have some great lenses.
Most cameras used for anything reality-based have to be able to work without maintenance for a long time, take a bit of manhandling and be comparatively cheap to replace. Movie cameras tend to be much more static in general, shoot shorter takes and aren't often put in danger. Obviously there are overlaps, some expensive TV shows will use great cameras ('Band of Brothers' is an example) while some movies will use cheaper cameras (anything 'found footage').


Will Allah forgive me for backbiting in the past since I didn't know?

Question: I used to but now that I have recently found out it is sinful, will Allah forgive me?
Answer: If you did not know then it is not a sin and you will be forgiven. However it is must for you to learn about things, know things, understand them and now that you know you should never do it again. Ask for forgiveness from Allah, He is the most Merciful.
Allah knows best.
Answer: Only Allah knows. Remember Allah is the most merciful and if you truly repent having done it, you need not worry anymore.
Answer:
Indeed Allah loves the penitent and He loves those who keep clean (2:222)
Do they not know that it is Allah who accepts the repentance of His servants and receives the charities and that is Allah who is the
  All-clement the All-merciful? (9:104)

If you did not know because of being careless about your Islamic duties (in other word, you could've learned your duties through different ways like asking or reading or .... but you neglect to do so) you have committed a sin but if you did not know about this rule in Islam and did not even have a hunch that there might've been some restrictions, you did not commit any sin.
However if you fall in the first category, the way of repentance is always open. If you are capable of apologizing those of whom you used to talk ill, without getting into bigger trouble. you should do that and if not, just ask Allah to forgive their sins.
However the first and the most important step of repentance is a strong decision not to come back to sins at all.


What became of Moshe's sons and their descendants?

Question: After Yisro brings Tzipora and Moshe's sons back to him at Exodus 18:2-5, they are not mentioned by name again in the Torah.  Divrei Hayamim (Chronicles I 23:14 et seq.) lists their male descendants but only tells us that they were normal leviim.  Do we know anything more from the Oral Tradition?
Answer: Apparently it didn't go great for them. Moshe's calling took its toll on his wife and kids. In the book of Judges it tells of a fellow looking to open up an idol-worshiping temple, but he needs a priest; he encounters a job seeker who's just a plain Levite --eh, good enough! And this Levite's name is "the son of Gershom, the son of MeNashe" (with a funny-shaped Nun). Our tradition says this funny nun is the verse's way of covering up that in fact it was Moshe. So his grandson wound up as an itinerant-priest-for-hire.
Comment: The [nun is hanging](http://judaism.stackexchange.com/a/18405/759), not large.
Comment: The question asked about Moshe's descendents (plural). How does this source suggest that "it didn't go great for *them*" (emphasis added)?
Comment: @Fred, correct, we only know about this one. We do know that his offspring otherwise never got a mention, so they apparently didn't become leaders. It's also notable that Aharon was succeeded by his son, but Moshe wasn't.
Comment: @Shalom Over 99% of the Jewish people were not mentioned by name, including members of Sanhedrin and the like. It seems to me that we cannot safely draw inferences about Moshe Rabbeinu's descendents from a lack of information.
Comment: I heard that this granson of Moshe lived a very long time because he did things to undermine his idolatrous job, and he was hired by David, who convinced him to do Teshuva, with the incentive of a job in the Temple treasury.  Then Shlomo fired him, and he went back to bad ways.  Some say he was the false prophet of Melachim B 13:11-32, but did a permanent Teshuva on receiving a true prophecy and seeing what happened to the true prophet he deceived.
Comment: Specifically Judges 17-18, and Bava Basra 109b.
Answer: According to Bavli Berachot 7a, Moshe's descendants surpassed the number of (male) Jews who left Mitzrayim, i.e., more than 600,000.
Answer: There is mention somewhere that a descendant of Moshe was in charge of finance at the time of David HaMelech.   Interestingly, if you read Benjamin of Tudela, in his travel to Bavel (Iraq) in the 12th century, there were 2 Levi dayans (Judges) that has yichus going back to Moshe Rabeinu.
Comment: Hi jewguy. [Edit]ing in sources for your claims would improve your post's value.


What is an uncle/ommer block?

Question: The Ethereum blockchain is described as containing "ommer" blocks, usually called "uncle" blocks by the general public.  What is an ommer/uncle block, and why are they needed?
Comment: The term "ommer" is a gender-neutral alternative to aunt / uncle. See http://nonbinary.org/wiki/Gender_neutral_language#Aunt.2FUncle
Answer: Uncles are stale blocks that contribute to the security of the main chain, but are not considered the canonical "truth" for that particular chain height.
In contrast to orphan blocks (which have no parent), uncle blocks are linked to the chain but are not part of the final selection.
Uncles are stale blocks which are not orphaned.
Orphan blocks have no parent, therefore it is not possible to assign them a generation to be referenced as uncles in the next 7 generations.
Only normal blocks and stale blocks have a path to the genesis block.
Due to advances in blockchain research, it was shown that significantly lower block times were possible and perhaps beneficial given the current connectivity of the Internet. One of the potential risks of a low block time is a higher rate of orphaned blocks (competing mined blocks that do not make it into the main chain). To counter this, a variation of the GHOST protocol is used which pays for these valid blocks, adding to the security of the main chain. Instead of the main chain being "longest", it is instead "heaviest".
Also "ommer" is sometimes used but is not an English word so "uncle" is used even if it's more gender oriented.
Comment: Just a nit-pick:  at present Ethereum doesn't actually count the POW weight of uncle/ommer blocks GHOST-style.  It rewards them to reduce the risk of mining centralisation, but doesn't count them towards the metric of "heaviest chain".  It just uses the longest.
Comment: Hi Jeff, what is the source for Ethereum still considering longest chain because i am not really sure is it longest or heaviest at the moment?
Comment: From your link: "_Uncle validity requirements: uncles have to be valid headers, not valid blocks. This is done for simplicity [...]_." Doesn't this lead to attacks where I simply mine headers and ignore blocks (blocks are heavy)?
Comment: The answer here has a reference to the source code:
https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/13378/what-is-the-exact-longest-chain-rule-implemented-in-the-ethereum-homestead-p
Comment: "ommer" is the preferred gender-neutral term for the sibling of a parent block, but this is also sometimes referred to as an "uncle."
Answer: From the glossary

Uncle: a child of a parent of a parent of a block that is not the parent, or more generally a child of an ancestor that is not an ancestor. If A is an uncle of B, B is a nephew of A.

Why they are needed?
To help reward miners for when duplicate block solutions are found because of the shorter block times of Ethereum (compared to other cryptocurrency). An uncle is a smaller reward than a full block. (And if they are submitted later than the next block, the reward rapidly diminishes, ending at zero after seven blocks later.)
Comment: OMG...That sounds like a crazy definition. why can't we say uncle = sibling of the parent?
Comment: @user1870400 given that it's not simply a sibling of the parent but up to 6 generations before, it's probably best to have a more technical-seeming term like "ommer" that makes people ask what the exact definition is
Answer: In case of proof-of-work mining, there are many miners trying to mine the same set of transactions at the same time. Since the block mining time is very short (about 15 sec. in case of ethereum) there is a possibility, that more than one blocks are mined within a very short interval. The block mined first is added to the main chain but the effort of miner who mined the other block in not simply let off. These competing blocks are called orphaned blocks.
According to ethereum beige paper, " An ommer is a block whose parent is equal to the current block's parent's parent." The purpose of ommers is to help reward miners for including these orphaned blocks. The ommers that miners include must be "valid," meaning within the sixth generation or smaller of the present block. After six children, stale orphaned blocks can no longer be referenced.
Ommer blocks receive a smaller reward than a full block. Nonetheless, there's still some incentive for miners to include these orphaned blocks and reap a reward.
Source- https://medium.com/@preethikasireddy/how-does-ethereum-work-anyway-22d1df506369

What is an uncle/ommer block?


How can you sftp over tor?

Question: I was wondering how I can upload files over the tor network. How can you sftp over tor?
Answer: In Windows, WinSCP works fine for me connecting to a SSHD hidden service through the standalone Tor proxy, locally on port 9050 (connection type SFTP-3). It also works connecting directly to the server over Tor instead of its onion counterpart.
In Linux it should be possible, using a sftp client that's SOCKS5-aware, e.g., I read that lftp can be built that way (configure --with-socks).
about lftp using socks5
Be aware, even if it works, there may be security implications. Do not rely on it for anonymity without looking in depth.
Answer: In the Tor wiki docs there's a TorifyHOWTO/FTP page.
Specifically on SFTP:

As SFTP is facilitated by SSH, configuring SSH to connect via Tor will allow you to use SFTP as well. If you have sufficient permissions on your local system and network, this is the recommended option for torifying your FTP traffic. For instructions and further information, see the torifying SSH documentation.
Answer: sftp does not work over tor out of the box.
Use the scp command instead of sftp.
Answer: I'm using Rebex Tiny SFTP Server for windows and configured it in tor. Working fine.
torrc file Settings

HiddenServiceDir X:\Tor Browser\hidden_sftp
HiddenServicePort 22 127.0.0.1:22

How can you sftp over tor?


Would humanity go extinct if pleasure ceases?

Question: In the near future, the human population is overcrowded and food and water becomes scarce.  Every preventative measure failed to address this issue and the world falls into a turmoil and panic is everywhere. It was suggested that humanity is one of the creatures that have sex for pleasure and decided that we should nerf the brain reward system.  Then many governments gave in to corruption and pressure from a series of nationwide protests. They launched a campaign to force everyone to take a pill (nanites) that can kill pleasure while having intercourse.  Such extreme measures are becoming popular with many big companies due to the increasing demands. Ok I think you get the idea but I suspect being a human goes beyond biology but I cannot think of what grave consequences if the plan goes well.
Comment: We cannot get 100% vaccination against (decidedly unpleasurable) deadly childhood diseases, so it seems doubtful that all governments everywhere would get 100% success taking the fun out of sex...especially if corruption is involved. Find a single tinfoil-hat type who would shrug and take an anti-sex pill! Even if the plan goes well, the same governments could simply stop the pills later - undrugged folks won't have any problem rediscovering what those bits do.
Comment: Rather than a pill, put something in the water. Even if some paranoid person filters it he'll eat or drink something prepared with the water.
Comment: @Demigan fiction is full of paranoids going "they are putting SOMETHING in our food/drink!". Heck, *reality* has them, as well. They'd be harvesting rainwater and/or filter their own. Moreover, pretty much any piece of fiction I've seen that tried to control the population on mass scale via some way has had that backfire. One can point to the planet Miranda in the movie *Serenity* as example. The control method there was gas vented into the air to keep the population under control. It failed pretty spectacularly.
Comment: As user Cyn pointed out in the answer my entire premises is baseless and arguably fiction, kindly indulge my ignorance. I believe despite evolution our brain still runs on primitive survival instinct which simulate release of dopamine during sex, allowing the brain to feel happy and therefore would repeatedly seek it regardless of consequences. And the consequences I suspect might doom our species no?
Comment: @Demigan: drink spiking is good option however I like my test subjects to voluntarily accepts(bow down to authority(power)), the subjects have the freedom of choice in accordance to human rights: live free or die (hard) can u see what I just did there
Comment: @VLAZ the amount of people who would be paranoid enough to get their own water is large. The amount of people who would also be capable of producing enough food so they never need to buy bread for example (which would have been made with the tainted water) is far smaller, and they are likely alreqdy tainted by the time they become adult enough to make the decision. And if all else failed... Hunting down a few paranoids and manually tainting them is always easier than having to go passed every person.
Comment: This question made me think of the movie [equilibrium](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0238380/) - a world where people needs to a take a pill to remove all emotions and attachtments to the world - art, love, music are all forbidden in order to stop wars.
Comment: See [The Behavioral Sink](http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/42/wiles.php)
Comment: So, your world is in panic, and you are stealing the only thing that keeps people's mind away from chaos without replacing it? Get ready for protests and couple of revolutions. If you want population decrease go for birth control , not sexless life
Answer: No.
The drive to have a child is one of the strongest ones out there.  Not everyone wants a child of course, but a great many people do.  We humans may get children via intercourse but that is not why we want to have them.
Lots of couples right now have sex for procreation even though they're not getting much out of it.  Some people have sex with people they're not really into or in a relationship for the purpose of getting pregnant.  Other couples and singles use artificial insemination to have kids.  It's easy to do this at home and many do.
Also, sexual pleasure is not the only thing people get out of sex.  Emotional intimacy is a huge one and a lot of couples who are meh about the sexual pleasure still want to have sex.  There are many other reasons people have sex as well.
This question makes a lot of assumptions that have no basis in fact.  Call it a frame challenge.  Your beliefs about "reward" don't hold water.
If your scenario came to pass, people would likely have less sex than they do now.  Some people would have less in general and a larger percentage of people than now would have none.
As a general rule, this would lead to fewer pregnancies, though it's not as straightforward as you might think.  It also means more (but not all) pregnancies would be planned, so fewer abortions and adoptions.  But don't assume it's linear.  If a couple (who doesn't use birth control and doesn't plan out cycle timing) goes from, say, having sex 20 times a month to 10, they aren't going to have half the number of pregnancies.  It probably won't change much, if at all.
Note that I'm not addressing changes in contraception use.  A society with the population pressures you mention will be high users of birth control.  Much higher than we have now, and we use birth control an awful lot in most countries.  Couples who have sex for reasons other than sexual pleasure may use birth control more (since any side effects of lessening pleasure don't matter) or they may use it less (under a mistaken belief that pregnancy rates are correlated with amount of sex).
The rise in population would slow and maybe even reverse.  Eventually, the population will stabilize because people will choose to have children based on things that have nothing to do with how often they have sex.
Comment: I think you're glossing over the fact that the intimacy and emotional connection made from sexual experiences very strongly ties into the shared _pleasurable_ experience. It's a secondary consequence of pleasure: you don't just like the act, you also like the person who helps you get there. Take away pleasure, and both responses will be removed, not just the former. Sex will basically become either a business transaction.
Comment: @Flater that's pretty severely incorrect.  A lot of the intimacy/emotional connection thing is off of an endorphin rush that's hard-coded into the sexual act, completely aside from the pleasurable sensation.  There's also a fair amount that comes from the physical contact, the expressed vulnerability, and so on.  We've evolved a great many drives over the years that pull us towards procreation.  Pleasure is only one of them.
Comment: @Flater  Well, no.  There are lots of people who do not experience sexual pleasure (whether you mean orgasm or even if you don't) who still choose to have sex with their spouse or other partner.  And not just because it pleases their partner, but because they enjoy it on an emotional level.  There are even plenty of people who are completely asexual who choose to have sex.  They aren't getting sexual pleasure from the act but they want to do it anyway.  This is more common than you might think.
Comment: Aren't the chemicals that cause the pleasure sensation the same as the chemicals that cause stimulation of the sexual organs and thus make the sexual act possible?
Comment: @MichaelKay they can be but they're not required.  Men with spinal cord injuries where they can't feel a thing or move any voluntary muscles in the pelvic region can still get erections and ejaculate.  Women can also manually increase blood flow, which makes things more comfortable but is not required.
Comment: The emotional connection is impaired when no pleasure is involved, in fact it can even cause depression. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/culture-in-mind/201111/no-strings-attached-sex-nsa-can-women-really-do-it%3famp. There are also disorders like sexual anhedonia that remove pleasure from sex, and with it almost all the chemicals and endorphins that help you connect. When having sex without pleasure it's very hard to come, and paralisis would likely increase the chances of successdul intercourse as lack of/negative emotional effect wouldnt decrease succes chances.
Comment: @Demigan But the question isn't "what are the effects?"  Instead, it's "would humanity go extinct?"  Whatever changes to behavior this would cause, it would not change the drive or the ability to become parents.  In other words, it's not the most effective measure of birth control in a large crowded population, though it will help some.
Comment: @Cyn but it does change the drive and ability to become parents. Pregnancy usually doesnt happen overnight even when conditions are perfect. Add massively increased performance problems, shame for those problems, shame for exposing your body to sex without the pleasure to reward it, lowered connection to sexual partners, lower will to have more than one child, higher demand of IVF, lower amount of donors who can pull it off (heh), lowered quality of sperm... It is by no means certain that humanity would go extinct, but without any control the possibility is there.
Comment: A part of those effects can also be read here for example: https://www.issm.info/sexual-health-qa/what-is-orgasmic-anhedonia-pleasure-dissociative-orgasmic-dysfunction/
Answer: The simple answer is no. The human species will not go extinct.
If governments can legislate and enforce the world's populations into taking a pill to abolish sexual pleasure, it will be an even simpler step for those governments to regulate reproduction. This have additional benefits. It will make economic planning and resource management so much easier. It will alleviate and ameliorate demographic pressures on forward social, political and economic development.
In an overpopulated world, well regulated reproduction will make the process of reducing the global population to long-term sustainable levels a much easier task.
Families also want to reproduce and have children to carry on the family name, inherit assets and property, have someone to look after you in your old age, and so on. Sexual pleasure is not the sole driver of reproduction.
Large-scale family planning can be managed to allow people to manage their careers and have families of their own without disrupting those careers.
Sex by itself is not the only means to ensure reproduction. Artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization technologies have been improving. Assuming this will improve in future, conception will become as easy as a visit to your GP.
Many of the world's religions will embrace the change. The majority of people won't be running off to indulge themselves in illicit sexual liaisons. Sex before marriage, adultery, pornography and prostitution will be a thing of the past. People will only think pure thoughts. Productivity will rise.
A sexual pleasure free world will be embraced as a better, purer world. Even in the absence of sex, the species will continue to reproduce the social, familial, economic, political and demographic pressures are too great to allow extinction to happen. It will make the reduction of excess numbers of people easier to manage and it will alleviate the problems of an overpopulated planet.
Comment: "*it will be an even simpler step for those governments to regulate reproduction*" That can happen even today. Heck, it has already happened in China with the one child policy. That was (relatively) recently dropped, if I recall correctly but it's not a big leap to say that if the *entire world* suffers from overpopulation to enough extent, governments can take measures to limit childbirths. It could be as simple and straight forward as (forceful? or encouraged?) sterilisation of parents after their first child. Whatever it is will lead to ripples in society but that's what stories are about.
Answer: They might.
Humans would still want children and have the drive to have sex for it. But it would severely hamper the amount of children that are born.

Accidental pregnancies wouldnt happen anymore
People would have more trouble arranging the times to try to het pregnant, as spontaneous wouldnt happen.
most of the sexual activity is conscious. While it is completely possible for people with paralisis, full spinal leasions or even in a coma to get aroused enough to ejaculate, it is a lot harder (heh) to get the job done properly. In fact, not having arousal because the lack of pleasure could make it even harder when you are still "in control" over your genitals as the focus shifts away from having sex and towards a chore, killing the mood for sex quickly and reducing the arousal that comes for paralised/comatose people.
Lack of pleasure kills off a lot of the advantages that sex normally gives, like social bonding to the partner.

All in all, this could mean that the average children born to people will drop so drastically, that humanity wont be able to sustain itself. Imagine each couple only getting one child because getting one has become so much of a hassle, you'll halve mankind each generation...
Sexual ahedonia is basically what you'll be giving everyone, which is a problem where you are unable to feel pleasure of the orgasms even when you know you are having one. A part of the things I said can be found here: https://www.issm.info/sexual-health-qa/what-is-orgasmic-anhedonia-pleasure-dissociative-orgasmic-dysfunction/
Answer: Looking at the real world for an explicit example:  Lesbian couples get pregnant and have children.  Gay couples adopt or arrange a surrogate mother.  Other couples or individuals adopt or foster children - there are "serial foster parent" out there who have 'had' dozens of children, even if none were born to them.
These are clearly not a result of "sex for pleasure" (whereas that could be argued for even carefully planned pregnancy in a heterosexual couple), and can be via artificial insemination or IVF.  Evidentially, a desire for children exists independent of a desire for sex.
So, yes, your population may decrease with the absence of "whoopsie!" babies - but it won't die out from your magic pill.
Answer: Killing pleasure in a specific context is not something that is readily accomplished. I couldn't even begin to theorize about how it would work. From my own experience, I don't believe there is any physiological difference between pleasure induced by sex or. Any other means.
However, killing pleasure in general is trivially accomplished mechanically. The hemispheres of the brain float independently inside the skull, joined by the corpus callosum. A sharp blow to the occipital bone at the correct angle will often cause the two hemispheres to shift in opposite directions, creating a scissors like action on the front of the corpus callosum. For a more definite and controlled approach, a scratch in the right spot with a simple probe (crochet hook) would accomplish the same thing.
Normal emotional processing, including pleasure from sex, requires cooperative processing on both hemispheres of the brain. Even a small scar on the front surface of the corpus callosum can interfere with that processing, inducing alexythymia (essentially absence of emotions)
While this ends the enjoyment of sex, it does not end the drive. The stereotypical football player or boxer who's taken one to many hits to the head may become possessive (territorial) while blaming their partner for the lack of enjoyment. Think of the number of star football players who end up in a spousal abuse scandal. Alternatively, they may lose all interest in sex, as a messy complicated waste of time and energy.
Emotions are a huge part of who we are. Other impacts of alexythymia include reduced ability to form new memories, inability to read or produce social cues, and inability to prioritize.
So, to answer your question, eliminating the pleasure from sex would probably not end the species, but it would have serious side effects for the society attemptimg such a thing. I would not expect such a society to last past the first generation.
Answer: answer to the extinction question is:
No it is unlikely to go extinct with just a lack of pleasure
There is likely to be a decline in population and that will ring it's own problems/challenges
Problems with Population Decline

Gender balance would be difficult as we can't currently choose to have a male or female child when reproducing. this would lead to further gender inequality since I'm assuming countries will still have border laws making the balance per country different as well

Men wouldn't be as nice to women since they would not be thinking with their dicks half the time

There would be fewer customers for businesses while the population stabilizes, causing many businesses, perhaps entire business sectors, to go out of business


What is the best way to go about running Cat6 over 100 meters?

Question: I have two building about 300 meters apart that I would like to network together using Cat6. I would prefer to wire them together instead of using wireless if possible. Please let me know of any recommendations you may have. Thanks.
Answer: Normal solution : Wire them with Cat6 double-shielded at 80 meters length with repeaters at intervals.
Better solution : Run fibre optic in-between and end off with Ethernet Cat6 and hubs on both ends.
TC3210 Ethernet Fiber Media Converter (not very expensive)
Answer: Unless you have repeaters, it's just not going to work. What about using lasers? We had to do that for a building that is roughly 1km away from the source because the local telecom company would not lease us any fiber optics at the time.
Answer: Fiber is preferred anyway for inter-building runs, but copper Ethernet will only work up to 100 m.  What caliban said, except his "better" is the only solution.  If your switches at either end have GBIC ports, you can run the fiber directly without needing media converters.


What does 'upstream' mean?

Question: In some documents or blogs about development in open source projects, you can read stuff like 'upstream developer' or 'upstream fix'. What does that mean?
Answer: Consider the obvious analogy (from which the term flows - pun intended) ... water in a river flows 'downstream' and thus 'upstream' is the source from which the water comes.
This analogy is deeply embedded in software development, so it's no mere coincidence that we use terms like 'head', 'source', 'upstream', 'downstream' and even 'flow' extensively in the field.
In the context of a forked software project, the 'upstream' is the source from which a particular project was forked. This might not be the absolute origin.
If project A is forked to produce project B which is then forked to produce project C, then B is 'upstream' of C and A is upstream of B (and C).
Thus, an upstream developer is one who works on an upstream project. An upstream fix is one which exists in the upstream (parent) project.
When working with Git, especially in the context of Github, it is not uncommon for a developer to set two remotes

origin points to their own fork of a project
upstream is conventionally used to point to the project from which they forked.

This allows the owner of the fork to pull fixes and enhancements directly from the original project, thus keeping theirs in sync with it.
On Github, I have a fork of the official json-c repository. My local repo is setup thus:
$ git remote -v
origin  ssh://email@example.com/kdopen/json-c (fetch)
origin  ssh://email@example.com/kdopen/json-c (push)
upstream    firstname.lastname@example.com:json-c/json-c.git (fetch)
upstream    ssh://firstname.lastname@example.com/json-c/json-c.git (push)

I prepare changes in a local branch, regularly update my own fork with
$ git pull upstream master
$ git push origin master

and then rebase my own branches on the results.
If I have changes in my fork which I would like to see in the upstream version, then I create a "pull request" asking for them to accept my contribution. This process is referred to as "pushing a change upstream" which, for many projects, reflects the fact that its more work going upstream than down.
Comment: I don't think "head" comes from that analogy.  Rather, it comes from the field of audio-visual technology, where it means "the part of a recording and playback device that reads data from and writes data to the storage medium."
Comment: @Wildcard Possible. The "river" analogy has been around as long as I've been programming (coming up on 50 years), and so many flow-related terms are used in software that "head" makes sense and fits. Of course there *is* a widespread use of "head" in the sense you suggest: disk heads, tape heads, printer heads, and so on, and those are closely media (paper tape, for example) related ... though we had the "head" concept for computer hardware long before audio-visual technology moved off of acetate.
Answer: Upstream is not completely unique to open source, in the closed source world they just call it a vendor. It is however better in open source because you don't have to wait for the vendor to fix bugs which is why the river analogy is so popular (although not perfect as rivers are much more likely to only flow in one direction). A project can get software from many sources, put them together and distribute through a single distribution channel. Upstream is the projects you use to build your project. Which in most cases is more than one.
Comment: The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are apparently even in use outside of software development in the context of [supply chain management](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_management) in an analogous sense.
Answer: Besides forks as @kdopen said, the "upstream" terminology also applies to Linux distributions.
In this case, the "upstream" is the actual developer of the project and the "downstream" is the packager. Distros have to add the packaging scripts and sometimes have to patch build scripts or source files; these are all sent downstream but only some are sent upstream.
There can even be multiple levels, e.g. an Ubuntu package based on a Debian package of a fork of a project (libjpeg-turbo for example).
Answer: Upstream/downstream is the directional term describing the flow of data.
For example in software development, when you use centralized revision control system (like SVN), you always commit changes upstream, in decentralized VCS (such as Git) there is no inherent/absolute "upstream" or "downstream" in the system, but you can choose how the data flows (so the main repository is used as "upstream").
In most of the software development projects, the code fixed/changes are usually committed/pushed to upstream repository (towards the production: dev, test, stage, live) and the database is pulled downstream (from the production into development environment).
Related:

Definition of "downstream" and "upstream" at SO
What does "downstream/upstream design" mean? at Programmers

What does 'upstream' mean?


Is death from deathtouch a state based action?

Question: If someone attacks me with a trample creature say, 6/6, I block with a 1/1 deathtouch AND have Dissipation Field in play (returns permanents that damage me to their owners' hands),
will the wyrm go back to his owner's hand or does it die from my deathtouch creature?
Answer: Death from deathtouch is a state-based action. Specifically, this one:

704.5h If a creature has toughness greater than 0, and it's been dealt damage by a source with deathtouch since the last time state-based
  actions were checked, that creature is destroyed. Regeneration can
  replace this event.

The triggered ability from Dissipation Field will still go on the stack, but its target will be dead by the time it resolves.
Answer: The trample creature will die.

702.2c A creature with toughness greater than 0 that's been dealt damage by a source with deathtouch since the last time state-based actions were checked is destroyed as a state-based action. See rule 704.

Sequence goes like this

Damage is assigned by players.
Damage is dealt simultaneously.
Dissipation Field triggers due to damage to player.
Active player is about to receive priority, due to rule 704, game checks for state-based actions. Due to 702.2c, the trample creature is destroyed.
The dissipation field ability is put on the stack, but when it resolves does nothing, as it can no longer find the trample creature.
Comment: Just a small nitpick that doesn't change the outcome: the triggered ability is not put on the stack in step 3. That happens after state-based actions are checked. And the ability would not be removed from the stack, it would resolve normally but fail to return anything to his owner's hand.
Comment: @Pablo Fair point. Will edit accordingly.
Comment: @user1873 According to 704.3., state-based actions are checked "whenever a player would receive priority" so you're correct, triggered abilities aren't actually put on the stack and the player doesn't receive priority until state-based actions are dealt with. Perhaps my wording was unclear. :)