How much to reduce salt when using salted butter in place of unsalted butter

Question: I normally don't keep unsalted butter on hand since I use it so seldom. So when a recipe calls for salt and unsalted butter among its ingredients would it be alright to use salted butter and reduce the amount of salt? And if so, by how much should the salt be reduced? In other words, how much salt is typically contained in a tablespoon, ounce or gram of salted butter?
Comment: I always go the opposite. I keep unsalted all the time and never by unsalted. You can always add salt but it's very difficult to take away.
Comment: @KateGregory, I don't think I use a particularly large amount of (unsalted) butter, but I've never had it go bad on me. If you're stocking up, put the extra packages in the freezer, but the opened package should be perfectly fine in the fridge, and we even keep a stick out at room temperature for spreading purposes. It's just too hard to tell how much salt your butter is adding; plus, there are times when you don't want to add any salt at all.
Comment: All types of butter keep nearly forever in the freezer, and it does it no harm. Cut your butter into sizes used for baking etc, and store in a ziploc style bag in the freezer
Comment: unsalted butter doesn't keep long, and if I buy a pound I never manage to use it before it is bad. So I buy salted and try to adjust.
Comment: What is 5/16 of a teaspoon? How do you, 'eye ball' that? Digital scales are almost cheaper than a set of teaspoons these days.
Answer: Depending on brand, it is approximately 1 1/4 tsp per pound (US), or a little more than 1/4 tsp per stick (4 oz).
For most applications, yes it is fine to substitute and adjust; you can just adjust the "salt to taste" step of your recipe in many cases.
There are a very few uses (such as yeast raised dough) where you want to be more precise.  I would not use salted butter for a yeast dough by preference, but if I had to, I would calculate the amount of salt to remove from the other ingredients based on this ratio:
1 1/4 tsp salt / 16 oz butter
Comment: @Sobachatina Maybe, but it will inhibit the rise as so things are a balance :-)
Comment: Personally, I think that bread can always use more salt.
Answer: If you're in the US, labeling laws actually make it pretty easy to know exactly how much salt is in your butter, and yes, it varies by brand.
Salt is sodium chloride, it's 40% sodium by weight. Land O Lakes salted butter (my go-to brand) has 90mg of sodium per tablespoon. That means it has 225mg of salt per tablespoon, or 1.8 grams per stick, 7.2 grams per pound. Table salt weighs 5.7 grams per teaspoon, so Land O Lakes salted butter contains 1.26 teaspoon of salt per pound of butter.
I always bake with unsalted butter, but just now I am making a brioche according to a recipe that will take as much as 6 ounces of butter in one loaf. That's a stick and a half, a BOATLOAD of butter. I wanted to make it special and use a highly rated, European style cultured butter. I've got the butter, but it was only available salted. That's ok. This brand has 55mg sodium per tablespoon. That's 660mg sodium for all of the butter in the recipe. 660mg sodium = 1650mg salt (NaCl), or 1.65 grams. The recipe calls for 3.3grams  of salt to be added with the (unsalted) butter, so I'll add (strangely enough) half of that, 1.65 grams.
Answer: According to the folks at America's Test Kitchen, the salt content in butter varies and may increase or decrease the amount of water in the butter.   If you use unsalted butter, there are few if any variations.  I've baked muffins and cookies with both salted and unsalted butter and personally prefer unsalted butter in baking but salted butter when adding to a finished dish (vegetables) or making things like grilled cheese.
Comment: America's Test Kitchen/Cook's Illustrated is the *only* source I've seen for the claim about water content varying for salted butter (see http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/25014/water-content-of-salted-butter), and nutrition facts contradict the claim. So as far as I can tell, it's just the salt that matters, and water is a non-issue here.
Answer: If you're substituting the unsalted butter you have into a recipe that calls for salted butter:

If using metric units, add about 1.5% salt. That means for 100g of butter, add 1.5g of salt.
If using English measure, add 5/16 tsp per 4 oz stick of butter.

Similarly, if you're substituting salted butter into a recipe that calls for unsalted butter, remove an equivalent amount of salt elsewhere. Be more cautious going this direction, though; for example, if you're making a dish where butter is added separately from the salt, you should think about why the salt is being added separately before using salted butter.
Comment: What is 5/16 of a teaspoon? How do you, 'eye ball' that? Digital scales are almost cheaper than a set of teaspoons these days.


How to initialize chrome with tor proxy from command line?

Question: I tried method 1 from here: http://justplainobvious.blogspot.co.il/2011/03/how-to-configure-google-chrome-for-tor.html but it doesn't work. When I check my ip in http://whatismyip.com it remains the same.
Comment: The site https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/network-settings has a documentation for the option `--proxy-server`. However I tested several versions, but none of them worked. Maybe there is a bug in Chrom(e|ium) or in the documentation.
Comment: A quick google suggests people have had more success with port 9050 for socks5, in place of 8118. (I couldn't give you a reason for this though... )
Answer: [My answer assumes you're trying to use Chrome as a replacement for the TBB, to the same anonymous ends.]
To cut a long story short: don't use Chrome.
Even if you get it "working", your privacy won't be as protected as it is when using the Tor Browser Bundle and the modified version of Firefox contained therein.
For more details on why not to use Chrome, see the Tor FAQ (which itself links to and article on the Tor Blog describing the problems with Chrome).
For more information about the changes that have gone into Firefox - and therefore what isn't present in Chrome - this thread would be a good place to start:
What are the changes made to Firefox in the TBB?
Comment: Thank you, but I'm not looking for an equivalent to TBB. I need Torified Chrome for other purposes.
Answer: I don't really have the answer you want but have two options for you:

You may try configuring your whole computer to connect to Internet and route all connection via a Tor-ed device (e.g, another Tails PC). As it has been done in this paper: (A Tor-Based Anonymous Communication Approach to Secure Smart Home Appliances). However, it seems like you need a lot of engineering effort to set up such a system.
You may try buying this Safeplug. It acts as your Tor-Proxy just within some easy configuration steps.

Best Regards.
Comment: Careful with the Safeplug recommendation! See https://freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/annee/security-audit-of-safeplug-tor-in-a-box/ -- most of these little Tor hardware gadgets are snake oil.


Can someone living in China on a business visa write a letter of invitation for an S2 visa?

Question: My girlfriend (Russian citizen) lives in China under a business visa. I (American citizen) would like to go visit her for a few weeks, and it seems that the S2 visa is the appropriate one for me to get (if I should still get the tourist L visa instead, please let me know!). However, I have only seen references to people "working" or "studying" in China as being able to write the needed invitation letter for the S2. Does a business visa count as "working", and, if it does, can she write me the needed invitation letter?
Comment: @Tor-EinarJarnbjo From the Chinese Embassy website description of the S2 visa (emphasis mine): "Foreigners who intend to visit their family members* who are foreigners working or studying in China, **or to those who intend to go to China for other private matters.**" From visarite: "China S2 visa is Issued to those who intend to visit their family members who are foreigners working or studying in China, **or to those who intend to go to China for other private matters such as visiting friends**, divorce, inheritance, adoption, marriage or medical services."
Comment: Why do you think the S2 visa for family members is correct? Unless you are married to the person living in China ('girlfriend' seem to indicate that you are not), you are not entitled to an S2 visa.
Comment: @Tor-EinarJarnbjo based on the description of the visa offered on the [China Embassy website](http://www.china-embassy.org/eng/visas/hrsq/), as well as various other websites ([example](http://www.visarite.com/china_s2_visa.htm)), you are incorrect. The S2 can now be used for "private affairs" that are short-term stays. The S1 visa is for visiting family and long-term stays. Please remember that a [massive overhaul to the visa regime for the US/China](http://lawandborder.com/faq-new-china-visa-law/) came into effect this past November, 2014.
Comment: I don't know why you think that I am incorrect. The pages you are linking to clearly state that the S2 visa is for people intending to visit family members (spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers, sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law), which are resident in China.
Comment: @Tor-EinarJarnbjo the only difference major between S1 and S2 that I see is that S1 is long-term and S2 is short-term. Many websites also describe S1 as only being for family members, though some also say it can be used for **"other private matters"** as well.
Answer: The S2 is issued to family members of work Z and student X visa holders. The S2 is not issued to family members of business F/M visas. You should apply for a tourist L visa.
To be clear, business F/M visas are issued for people working in China but normally employed by a foreign firm and invited by a Chinese company to conduct business between the foreign and Chinese firm. The work Z visa is issued to people working in China for a Chinese company with an invitation from a government agency.
In any case, I have a Z visa but my brothers and parents visit me on L visas, as do every other foreign persons family I know. A tourist L visa is quite acceptable for short stays.


Meaning/usage of 찰떡같이?

Question: I was watching a drama today and heard the idiom '찰떡같이 말했는데 개떡같이 알아듣는다' being used. What is the meaning of this idiom and when can it be used? Also, what is the general meaning of 찰떡같이? Thanks :)
Many thanks in advance
Answer: "I told you about it very clearly, but it was misunderstood" is the meaning of that
idiom.
The term derived from "개떡같이 말했는데 찰떡같이 알아듣는다." which means "It was explained in a weird way,but the listener understood perfectly.
The expression '찰떡같다' is used to describe a perfect match to one another, or someone who is deeply related to that person.
'개떡같다' means something that people don't usually like, or something that is very poorly made.
So we can interpret the term "찰떡같이 말했는데 개떡같이 알아듣는다" as "I told you something that is just perfect for this situation, but your understanding is very poor!"
Other examples of '찰떡같다' would be:

저 둘은 찰떡같은 커플이다. (Those two are a perfect couple.)
내 질문에 찰떡같은 답변이다. (That answer is perfect for my question.)

For further explanation, 찰떡 is actually a chewy rice cake which is made with glutinous rice. It is very sticky, which is where the term '찰떡같다' came from.
찰떡 is enjoyed by a lot of people unlike 개떡, which is made with leftovers of flour or buckwheat.
Since they are made with leftover, they weren't as pretty as 찰떡 nor delicious. Back in those days when people didn't have enough food, 개떡 was one of the cheap options for people to eat. That is the reason why 개떡 has such a negative meaning to it.
Comment: Thanks a lot for your thorough explanation!
Answer: 찰떡같이 is things like something right or meaning sure
개떡같이 is something wrong or not sure or meaning bad
if someone say
'Do you have a ice dream(개떡같이)?'
and the answer
'Yes I have a ice cream(찰떡같이)'
in this conversation, asking was something weird but the answer was good.
this is the situation when you can say 개떡같이 말했는데 찰떡같이 알아듣는다.
so in opposite way 찰떡같이 말했는데 개떡같이 알아듣는다. can be like this
mom ask son to buy something
'You have to get one cookie and one chocolate'
and if son bought 3 ice creams then son understood very wrong.
this is the situation when you can say 찰떡같이 말했는데 개떡같이 알아듣는다
also when some one say something bad
'go get your fxxking dog'
then that person is doing 개떡같이 말한다. or 개같이 말한다.
찰떡같이 is 찰떡 + 같이,
찰떡 is sort of rice cake
개떡 is sort of rice cake
I am not sure why use 찰떡 as good meaning and 개떡 as bad meaning
but I guess 개떡 has sound '개'
and '개' is usually use in bad meaning(개자식, 개새끼)
and as a korean, it is not common usage in real talking
Comment: Thanks a lot for your analogies and examples!
Answer: wow I am very happy to watch the Korean!!
I'm Korean student in high school.
I introduce about 찰떡같이. 떡 is the rice cake. And Koreans use '찰-' = stinky. Like, 찰거머리, 찰싹, 찰지다.  It is not bad feeling.
so 찰떡같이 알아듣네! means 'your understanding is very good!!'
Comment: Thanks for your insight and examples.

Meaning/usage of 찰떡같이?


Why didn't they order Spock to perform the Vulcan "Mind Meld" on Captian Pike?

Question: In the Star Trek TOS episode "The Menagerie", why didn't they have Spock perform a Mind Meld on Captain Pike instead accepting the Talosian transmissions from Talos IV as  proof of what had happened?
Answer: Spock was on trial and couldn't be expected to cooperate.  His testimony about the state of Pike's mind wouldn't be trustworthy, anyway.  Mendez was a projection from Talos IV and so wouldn't suggest anything the Talosians didn't want nor would he allow the mind meld even if Kirk suggested it.  The information stream from Talos IV was at least something all the members of the court martial could watch objectively and make up their minds about.
Comment: Besides this, In "Court Martial" and "Turnabout Intruder" mind meld testimony is revealed to be not allowed procedurally.
Answer: Spock was generally opposed to mind melding without the subject's permission. And it's one thing to do it without permission to an enemy or a threat, another to do it to a Starfleet officer.
Comment: He could have asked Pike's permission.  "May I perform a mind meld on you?"  "Beep."
Comment: But then would have that been following the order?
Comment: Yes. The hypothetical order didn't require doing it without permission.
Comment: Interesting distinction.  That's a whole other episode.
Answer: This is not an in-universe explanation.
The first appearance of the Vulcan mind meld was only a couple of weeks before that episode aired.
The first mind meld, as far as I can tell, appeared in Dagger of the Mind, which aired Nov. 3, 1966.  The Menagerie parts I and II aired November 17 and 24, 1966.  Gene Roddenberry has a writing credit for both (well, all three) episodes, but it's likely that the whole idea of Vulcan telepathy just wasn't invented in time to be used in The Menagerie.
Note that Where No Man Has Gone Before, which aired two months earlier, dealt heavily with telepathy, with Spock discussing it at some length -- but there was no mention that Spock himself was telepathic.
Answer: As I recall, Spock was the one on trial.  Were he to provide evidence gotten by way of mind meld, there would be no guarantee that his report of what had happened would be accurate.  Logic aside, he could very well lie to protect his own best interests.
Comment: Oh, they can. They are just reluctant to.  See the TOS episode 'The Enterprise Incident' (memorable for Spock 'killing' Kirk via the 'Vulcan Death Grip'), or the Tholian Web episode, where he and McCoy claim to have never read Kirk's 'last orders'.
Comment: I'm not sure, didn't Vulcans also never lie. The bend the truth on occasion or omit information, but would (and could) they boldly lie? If I recall correctly, they couldn't.
Comment: In "The Enterprise Incident", the Romulan commander said something like, "I have heard it said -- or is it only a myth -- that Vulcans are incapable of lying."  Spock replied, "It is no myth."  Marvelously ambiguous.
Comment: Spock is also only half Vulcan.


Typing and editing Beamer presentations

Question: The ratio of markup to content in a beamer presentation is fairly high relative to a standard LaTeX document. What strategies do you use for speeding up the task of typing and editing beamer presentations?
Comment: This will not be popular on this board but consider not using LaTeX for presentations. In my opinion, it's not a well-suited tool, especially when you heed the advice of experts such as Garr Reynolds when preparing your presentations.
Comment: @ShreevatsaR: That's the sort of comment that makes me despair of conferences!  The computer should do what _I_ want it to, not the other way around.  Of course, I should have a good idea of what I want and what would make a good presentation.  But I'd rather a system where I could go to talks that were good because the person had thought about what should go in to it as opposed to a talk that wasn't absolutely awful because the software was set up to black out after 50 minutes.
Comment: OK, everyone's entitled to their opinion, but personally I generally prefer LaTeX/Beamer to traditional presentation software like Power Point.
Comment: I agree! For me, the issue is less with the typing and more with readability - I find the large amount of markup distracting. I'm actually busy making something which will convert from a wiki-type syntax to Beamer (see http://home.cs.siue.edu/~rkrauss/python_website/ for an example of this sort of thing, using a different markup language). It's probably not going to be a very robust system, but I'm expecting it to be useful for me.
Comment: @Konrad: I agree! Even the Beamer manual quotes Lance Fortnow: Powerpoint users give better talks (than Beamer users), because Powerpoint makes it harder to insert equations. :-) With Beamer it's too tempting to just take your LaTeX-typeset paper and chop it into slides, which makes for the worst kind of talk. (Yet we still use Beamer because Powerpoint is so unbearable, though.)
Answer: These are some of the things I do

Have semantic markup for typing equations. It probably depends on your field, or the target audience, but on some of my slides about half of the content is equations. Defining macros that explain the meaning rather than the syntax of my math formulas helps to keep the source readable and often also concise. (And this is not only true for slides but for any kind of document!)
Use the itemize and "block environments" for pretty much all the text I need. You don't really need any bloat of markup for these.
Don't abuse overlays. Probably most of the code and "hacks" you find in the sources of a beamer presentation are because of this. I tend to use overlays only sporadically, perhaps twice, definitely not more than five times in the whole presentation. Some advice I once overheard about making slides: "Don't play striptease with your audience."
Code for TikZ figures go outside in their own picture.tex which is then \input-ed at the appropriate place.
And define macros. For the ocasional times when I need to do some "hack" that will be needed in many places all over the presentation (for example once I wanted to have some particular formulas display with some color and framed by a box) I would define, of course, a macro just once to do the dirty work, and then use the macro everywhere I need in the slides.
Answer: Emacs Org-Mode makes it possible to write Beamer presentations with almost no LaTeX markup.  You make a normal Org outline, then use the Beamer export for Org to create a tex file with the markup you want.  Of course, if you want to do more than the basics you'll eventually have to use some LaTeX, but even then Org makes it much easier.
Here's an orgmode/Beamer tutorial and here's another Org/Beamer tutorial.
The above should give a taste of how it works.  Reading about Orgmode may make it appear confusing and complicated, but it's one of those things that's much simpler (and amazing) once you start using it.
I would suggest checking this out even if you're an Emacs-hater.  I don't care much for
Emacs, much prefer Vim, but Orgmode really transforms Emacs into a killer application for certain uses.  Besides having a great export to Beamer, Orgmode also can export an article-type outline into LaTeX, complete with sections and more, while having virtually no LaTeX markup in your original file.  You can choose "Export to LaTeX and view PDF" in a single step.  Very slick.
Comment: I like the idea of using Org mode or some form of Wiki-like syntax, at least while brainstorming and planning the presentation.
Answer: You've got some good answers already. Here's my 2c.
As the question says, the markup to content ratio is way higher is a beamer presentation than a "regular" document, and that cannot be avoided. Attending to the difference is the medium (page vs. screen) makes it inevitable that many choices that are better left to a TeX engine for printed content must be made by the user for the screen.
That said, the more markup, the more likely you've got a presentation using bells, whistles, and gongs in place of content. Much use of markup past frames and lists is definitely a smell for me that I need to focus on the content, not on the wizz bang of its display. Having sat through a few (a few, but enough) presentations from the land of Power Point, it seems obvious to be that a glitter or wipe slide transition doesn't stand a chance of hiding the ugly fact that the content is poor. The more "cuteness" on the screen, the harder it is to focus on the content, and, typically, the less content there is to focus upon.
So, if you are finding your beamer presentation onerous to code, your audience is likely to find it onerous to sit through. Be minimal and be clear.
Comment: Good point about the priority of content.
Answer: One option is to use markdown with pandoc and a latex header. I document this approach here and have an example in a github repository here.
See also John MacFarlane's documentation on pandoc's support for beamer slide production.
Answer:
Speed up typing using an editor with auto-completion and templates for environments.
Perhaps additionally use a utility like AutoHotkey. This is a free and Open Source hotkey utility for Windows. Just define a key combination for

frame environments
itemize environments, perhaps with already some empty items inside
enumerate environments
various block environments, columns, math, ...

Extend the auto-completion of the editor by typical beamer commands and environments, especially long words like beamerboxesrounded etc.
If you expect you'll create several similar similar presentations, create a folder or project containing a presentation template containing preamble and dummy frames.
Put settings of your preamble into a file and reuse it. You could "install" that file in your TEXMFHOME directory, available for all your presentations. If you decide to change your style, all previously created presentations could benefit.
Comment: I think all suggestions are pretty sensible, except for the last one. I've learned the hard way not to modify files on which many existing documents already depend, specially for beamer slides where the actual *look* of the document is kind of important. In other words: "If you decide to change your style, all previously created presentations could" **break**.
Comment: That's true. I just mentioned the possibility to switch to a different style once for a dozen presentations without need to edit each one. It's another proposal following the goal to speed up. But as you said, if at all then it should be done carefully. One could use options or version no. for easily taking over new styles or keeping the former one.
Comment: I loved AutoHotKey back when I used Windows, but it's worth mentioning there's a similar app for linux called AutoKey; there are both qt and gtk based versions. Most likely however, a good text editor or LaTeX IDE will offer similar functionality.
Answer: I use otl2latex.py which converts Vim Outliner documents into TeX files ready for compiling. You can find it here.

Typing and editing Beamer presentations


Which article to use in "I don't like cakes"?

Question: From what I understood the answer is les but that seems very weird to me, I learned that:
"Je n'aime pas les gâteaux" == "I don't like the cakes"
so shouldn't I use des?
"Je n'aime pas des gâteaux"?
Answer: The use of the article "les" in this context is what you call "générique": it is used to specify a category.
basic example: Je n'aime pas les gâteaux.
If, however, you are at a party and there are cakes, and after having tasted some you don't like them, you can say to a friend
"Je n'aime pas les gâteaux.".
In that case the use of "les" is determinative, that is, it makes precise which cakes you don't like, but only because your friend knows about those cakes; for instance you know he/she has tasted them already. Nevertheless, this is not all that simple; your utterance will truly be free of the risk of misinterpretation only if there exists an understanding in the mind of the person you're talking to, so you might say first
"J'ai gouté un peu à tout et je n'aime pas les gateaux.".
There is then no ambiguity; the listener knows you are talking about the cakes that have been offered you. It's a simple deduction for him/her.
Let's leave aside the context of a party and suppose you are chatting with friends about everything and nothing and that for instance you start off after a moment's silence with "Je n'aime pas les gateaux."; then the generic use will be understood, that is, you don't like cakes generally.
You must however bear in mind that the ambiguity is a cause of misunderstanding now and then even for French speakers, as sometimes they assume too much about what their listener understands. To avoid such little problems you must be aware that there is the possibility of being ambiguous and provide more information. For instance you might choose to say
"Je n'aime pas ces/les gâteaux qu'ils ont mis sur les tables.".
The determinative terms leave no ambiguity. Of course, what you choose to say must be relevant to the particular context - that goes without saying.

There is a last point in your question, the use of "des" in
"Je n'aime pas des gateaux.".
By that, you probably intend to say "I don't like some of the cakes." if you're talking about a certain predetermined number of cakes, or if you're talking about all cakes "I don't like some cakes", which you can say equivalently enough with the sentence "There are cakes (that) I don't like." or maybe "Some cakes, I don't like."
In French, in neither case would you say "Je n'aime pas des gâteaux.". In both cases you might however say
"Il y a des gâteaux que je n'aime pas.",
and of course, again, your speech is liable to be misunderstood, the problem and its remedy being as discussed above.
Another possibility without the partitive "des" would be
"Je n'aime pas tous les gateaux.".
but that is also the same thing in English in the first case: "I don't like all the cakes.". In the second case, that is when you want to say "I don't like all cakes.", you can use the same form ("Je n'aime pas tous les gâteaux."). The lack of zero article forms in French, as in these examples, makes it sometimes less versatile than English.
Answer: "I don't like the cakes."  In French, it would translate to: "Je n'aime pas les gâteaux."
"I don't like some cakes."  In French, it would translate to: "Je n'aime pas des gâteaux."

Please follow,
In French, depending upon the context des may mean:
    (i) of
    (ii) some;
Whereas les literally translates to the of English.
Les is a definite article and is used when the quantity of noun is plural irrespective of its gender. Its singular counterparts are:
    (i) le (singular masculine the) [Le bol - The bowl], and
    (ii) la (singular feminine the) [La voiture - The car]
Observe the following:The cars - Les voitures
The bowls - Les bols
Des is used to express plural unspecified quantities and it literally translates to some.
Example: Some cakes -  Des gâteaux
For singular unspecified quantities use:
(i) du + masculine word [Du thé - Some tea]
(ii) de la + feminine word [De la glace - Some ice cream]
(iii) de l' followed by word starting with a vowel. [De l'eau - Some water]
Comment: *Je n'aime pas des gâteaux* is unidiomatic. What would rather be said is: *je n'aime pas certains gateaux* (in general), or *je n'aime pas certains des gateaux* (from a given set) or *il y a des gateaux que je n'aime pas*.


I can't install Ubuntu on my Dell Inspiron 15R at all

Question: I'm attempting to install Ubuntu 12.04LTS, 64bit onto a Dell Inspiron 15R laptop.  I've shrunk down one of the windows partitions and even used GParted to format the vacant space as ext4.
However, the install disk simply  does not present any options when it comes to the partitioning step.  What I get is a non-responsive  blank table.
As well as the above, I've changed the BIOS settings so that USB emulation is disabled (as per Can't install on Dell Inspiron 15R), and changed the SATA Operation setting to all three possible options.
Anyway, the install CD will bring up the trial version of Ubuntu, and if I open terminal and type sudo fdisk -l, I get this:
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb4fd9215

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1              63       80324       40131   de  Dell Utility
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/sda2   *       81920    29044735    14481408    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3        29044736  1005142015   488048640    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda4      1005154920  1953520064   474182572+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0 GB, 32017047552 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62533296 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb4fd923d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    16775167     8386560   84  OS/2 hidden C: drive

If I type sudo parted -l, I get:
Model: ATA WDC WD10JPVT-75A (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      32.3kB  41.1MB  41.1MB  primary  fat16        diag
 2      41.9MB  14.9GB  14.8GB  primary  ntfs         boot
 3      14.9GB  515GB   500GB   primary  ntfs
 4      515GB   1000GB  486GB   primary  ext4

Model: ATA SAMSUNG SSD PM83 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      1049kB  8589MB  8588MB  primary

Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0
has been opened read-only.
Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!

I've also tried a Kubuntu 12.04 and Linux Mint install disks, with the same problem.
I'm completely lost here.
Answer: I encountered the same problem with my new inspiron 17R. Tried both 10.04 and 12.04. Resolved issue after reading this thread:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2003675
"If the disk has been used in RAID, it has raid meta data remains. In this case ubuntu ignores it thinking you are using it in a raid array.
If you ARE NOT using any RAID, remove the meta data from live mode with:
sudo dmraid -E -r /dev/sda"
Not sure why my drive had RAID meta data information.
Maybe it got there during manufacturing?
Maybe Windows 7 uses it for something?


How to Bake Banana into Banoffee Pie

Question: A friend recently went to Ireland and had a banoffee pie with the bananas somehow made into the caramel.  How would one go about replicating this?  The only recipes I can find have the banana slices on top.
Comment: Any idea what the place was called?
Comment: I've never done it so I wouldn't like to make it a full answer, but mashing ripe bananas and stirring it into the caramel would probably do the trick...
Comment: She told me it was The Exchange in Derry.
Answer: My recipe, from the originators' Nigel Mackenzie and Ian Dowding cookbook, The Deeper Secrets of the Hungry Monk, has the bananas sliced, arranged over crust, and the caramel poured over the bananas. The only part that is cooked is the sweetened condensed milk and butter, boiled down to make the caramel.
Since we don't do recipes on SE, I've given you the Wikibooks link which has the full ingredients and directions.
Answer: Banoffee pie is a no-bake dish but what you suggest could be achieved by constructing the dish as normal (biscuit base, covered in caramel and then sliced banana), then sprinkling lightly with sugar and browning under the grill.
Allow to cool, top with whipped cream and eat (ensuring to call emergency services before insulin coma sets in).
Alternatively,
You could cook the bananas in a pan with sugar and butter, chop them up and mix with the caramel before constructing the pie.
Answer: I have seen a hot version of banoffee pie, made with bananas, and caramel, and marshmallows (since whipped cream doesn't bake well, and it gives a bit of the lighter, creamy flavor, and is also good toasted hot).  So you can have a hot version of the pie, and specifically it is possible to have a pretty good banoffe pie with cooked banana, which is helpful in figuring out how a banana caramel might work.
You might get a similar banana and caramel mixed effect as your friend's description just by heating the bananas with the caramel, as the above version does, so the flavors meld.  You might, depending on how it is layered and cooked, get some caramelization of the top of the bananas when the pie is being heated.  I'm thinking if you layer carefully with bananas on top and use a broiler, since otherwise the crust (or caramel) might burn.  Or you might cook the bananas separately, just pan fry them until they are caramelizing.  Or else cook them with the caramel, or with regular milk and sugar (or condensed milk) so that the caramel forms with the bananas already being cooked into a filling, the same way caramelized apple tarts work.
Then once you have your banana caramel, you can fill your pie tart, heat (or even chill, whatever), add your creamy whatever to balance the taste (marshmallows, whipped cream, ice cream), and go for it.

How to Bake Banana into Banoffee Pie


Complex valued function $ \cos\sqrt z$

Question: I'm looking for the right argument why the function $ \cos\sqrt z$ is analytic on the whole complex plane. As far as I understand, a holomorphic branch of $\sqrt z$ can only be found on the cut plane (without negative numbers) since the Argument function isn't continuous everywhere. Hence $ \cos\sqrt z$ is at least holomorphic on the same domain, but how to justify that it is actually holomorphic everywhere?
Answer: The two branches of $\sqrt{z}$ differ only by a sign, while the cosine function is even. Thus the ambiguity in the square root is undone by the application of the cosine.
Another way to see it is to use the power series $$\cos w=\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(-1)^n w^{2n}}{(2n)!},$$ insert $w=\sqrt{z}$, and to get $$\cos \sqrt{z}=\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(-1)^n z^{n}}{(2n)!}.$$
Answer: $w = \cos \sqrt{z}$
$w = \cos z^\frac{1}{2}$
$w = \cos \left (e^{\frac{1}{2} ( \ln |z| + i \, Argz + i 2n\pi)} \right )$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$
$w = \cos \left (e^{\frac{1}{2} (\ln |z| + i \, Argz)} e^{ i n \pi} \right )$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$
Recall that $e^{i n \pi} = \cos n \pi + i \sin n \pi$.
For $n = 2k$, $k \in \mathbb{N}$, we have $w = \cos \left ( e^{\frac{1}{2} (\ln |z| + i \, Argz)} \right )$
For $n = 2k+1$, $k \in \mathbb{N}$, we have $w = \cos \left ( - e^{\frac{1}{2} (\ln |z| + i \, Argz)} \right ) = \cos \left ( e^{\frac{1}{2} (\ln |z| + i \, Argz)} \right )$
Since $\cos$ is an even function, $\cos (-p) = \cos p$. For example, if $\sqrt{|z|} e^{\frac{1}{2} i \, Argz} = \pi$, then $w = \cos \pi = -1$, and $w = \cos \left (- \pi \right ) = -1$.
Thus, there is no issue of discontinuity like there is with $\sin \sqrt{z}$. There is no need to restrict the domain. Hence, there is not need for branch cuts. Therefore, you get analyticity.
Comment: What is derivative at zero?

Complex valued function $ \cos\sqrt z$


What is the best way to keep you cat off your car?

Question: Every morning when I wake up, I have cat paw prints all over the car. Is there any way to harmlessly deter the cat(s)?
Comment: Related: [How can I keep stray cats out of garage?](https://lifehacks.stackexchange.com/q/18359/12517)
Answer: Cats usually dont like citric smells. If you can spray some lemon juice around the door or leave some lemon peelings that might help.
Answer: Funnily enough, you're not alone:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIbkLjjlMV8
In case the link goes stale, the video linked above features...

 ....a homemade device with a motion sensor that activates a spray of water from the garden hose

Hilarity aside, it appears that there are a variety of low cost commercial devices that operate on the same principles as this jury-rigged version. The video author did note he'd tried a variety of methods(citrus peel, urine), even noting that the technique in this video wasn't necessarily successfully deterrent to the cat making an appearance (though it will probably keep it off th car)
I've never found much success in keeping the cat off the hood; he likes the warmth of the just-run engine. The answer will probably thus be quite mundane; cover the car or barrier it physically (garage), neither of which are truly lifehacks. For my part, I've accepted the paw prints as part of my life and cat's personality, and keep the area around the car clean to discourage dirty cat feet
Answer: You can provide a warmer place for the cat, like a heating pad, because the car will cool off during the night. The cat will prefer a comfy, constant source of heat instead of a hard metal car hood that becomes cold during the night.
Comment: But the cat is getting on the car during the night.  So you can't see it to push it off.
Comment: @Chenmunka Is the cat staying there the entire night? I think the hood would cool down by then.


What is Rule Zero?

Question: What is "Rule Zero" as it relates to D&D 5e?  I read How has D&D's guidance to DMs on when to extrapolate from written rules and when to improvise changed over time?, but it only went up to D&D Next.
Comment: Yeah, let's get some clarification.  Most of these answers are just saying what Rule 0 is.  Do you already know that?  It's really only Rule 0 in 3e, beyond that it's a concept.  What are you asking really?  If it's "what is rule zero in 5e" - what do you mean?  There is nothing called rule 0 in 5e.  If it's "what is the guidance in 5e about when to extrapolate from written rules and when to improvise" say that.
Comment: The question's title seems misleading (causing many to answer just that).  It *seems* that you know what what rule zero is (as indicated by the link you provided), and you are asking about its status in 5e.
Comment: D&D Next and 5e are (generally) the same thing.
Comment: Also, Rule 0 is *also* applied to the general rule *Have Fun*
Comment: I got to this page searching for what Rule Zero is. These answers are super helpful to me.
Answer: Rule Zero, also known as GM fiat, is the common RPG rule that the GM has the ultimate say in all rules matters and can thus introduce new rules or exceptions to rules, or abolish old ones at their leisure. To put simply, it means the GM is like the god of the game. The Rule is commonly used to help ensure the written rules can always be changed to improve the realism, narrative, game balance or other appreciated qualities of the game. However, it may also hurt the game, if the GM applies the Rule in an arbitrary or careless manner.
It should be noted that while Rule Zero has decades of tradition behind it, it is not universally accepted. Many systems such as Apocalypse World have reasonably strict frameworks for the GM to operate inside and recommend house rules to be applied only through the whole group's consensus, although individual groups may still elect to allow Rule Zero.
Answer: The exact definition of "Rule Zero" varies, but the general gist of it is "The GM can do whatever he wants." It applies equally to all games, even (or perhaps especially) systems that explicitly recommend against it. The publishers do not have hit squads that go around reclaiming books from people who don't play the game the "right" way.
If the players agree to abide by the GM's rulings, anything goes. If they don't, the GM goes.
Answer: What is Rule Zero
What the DM says, goes. Rules in the book are guide posts, but the Dungeon master may choose to ignore, bend or break them to best suit the story and fun of the game. But, by the link you posted I think you already knew that.
As it Applies to 5e
5e has the idea of Rule Zero baked into it.  It is stated clearly in page six of the Player Handbook says that the game is played by:

The DM describes the environment.
The players describe what they want to do.
The DM narrates the results of the adventurers' actions.

The DMG also says:

The D&D rules help you and the other players have
  a good time, but the rules aren't in charge. You're the
  DM, and you are in charge of the game. That said, your
  goal isn't to slaughter the adventurers but to create a
  campaign world that revolves around their actions and
  decisions, and to keep your players coming back for
  more! If you're lucky, the events of your campaign will
  echo in the memories of your players long after the final
  game session is concluded.
Answer: Rule 0 simply put is that the GM is the final arbiter of all things in the game. He/she can change, make up, and remove any rule at any time.  Most role playing game systems employ rule 0.  Without Rule 0  you're playing (more or less) a simulation game rather than a role playing game.
Rule 0  is probably best embodied in the red box rules for DND: "In a sense, the D&D game has no rules, only rule suggestions. No rule is inviolate, particularly if a new or altered rule will encourage creativity and imagination."  Later in AD&D in the DMG from Gygax: "It is the spirit of the game, not the letter of the rules, which is important. NEVER hold to the letter written, nor allow some barracks room lawyer to force quotations from the rule book upon you, IF it goes against the obvious intent of the game. "
As a personal observation the current crops of gamers tend to ignore rule 0 (DMs included) and focus far too much on RAW and RAI. There is this idea the game must be "balanced" (what that means is a mystery to me). The original intent behind rule 0 as I see it is that RAI is whatever the DM intends them to be, not the game designers and not the publisher of the rulebook.  Rule 0 implies (and in fact demands) that the game belongs to you and your group of players to develop an adventure narrative.
Answer: Rule Zero in 5e is no different in its core interpretation than other versions, and amounts to this:
The GM has final say in all things relating to the game.
Its worth pointing out that this has never really "changed" over editions. Its more a fundamental truth of games that have GMs. What has changed is our ability to recognize it, understand it, and be comfortable with it. No rule has ever stopped a GM from running a game the way they see fit. They might willingly give up control of Rule Zero, or they might be playing a game that doesn't actually have a true GM.
Its called "Rule Zero" because its a rule that players and GMs acknowledge by the very fact of beginning to play a game that has a GM.
As to what it can mean, it really can be anything:

A GM can say that no players may play spellcasters in the game they are running.
A GM can say that instead of rolling d20s, players will instead roll 2d10 and add them, treating double 1s as "natural 1s" and dobule 10s as "natural 20s"
A GM can rule that a character may not attack an adjacent enemy in spite of the rulebook clearly indicating otherwise
GMs can fudge any roll they make on their end. GMs roll dice for the sound they make

Now, its an entirely different question to ask how a GM should use Rule Zero, and largely, being able to wisely use Rule Zero is one of the marks of a good GM.
Answer: Rule Zero is the idea that the GM has the final word at the table because it is their game.
In 5e, the emphasis on Rule Zero has been lessened vs 1st & 2nd but strengthened vs 4th, and that is, in my opinion a very good thing.
The way I like to think about the rules is that they provide a level of granularity of simulation.  This is especially true for exception based rule systems like D&D.  A good framework of a simulation allows the players to model the situation and then do fun stuff with the options their characters have.  If the players can't model what their characters can do in novel situation, all they will do is that same thing, over and over.  Typically that means swing sword until monster dead, etc.  Rule Zero can often provide no information about the world being simulated unless you negotiate with the DM in the middle of combat.  It can be very arbitrary, and that is a problem.
That is not to say it doesn't have it's place.  For example, rule zero is important for resolving conflict, and keeping the game moving.  But rules disputes over existing rules are a bit different over DM arbitration on the fly to cover an action that has not rules.
So - In 5e, the game is coming out of a VERY GM AND player constrained game.  So the backlash was towards more flexibility and at the table rulings.  More go with the flow, let it happen, we really don't need a rule for every situation, feel.  So a much coarser simulation than 4e.  At the same time, 5e does a pretty good job of not falling back on rule zero as a crutch though.
Contrast that with 1st and 2nd ed that was a little too rule Zero heavy.  Rules to accomplish things at the table other than combat were often made up by the GM on the fly.  It was grand if you had a good GM, but that was not always guaranteed. There was no chance all rulings would be consistent between DMs - and unless they were codified probably not consistent with the same DM.  It was hard for the player to understand what their character could do if it wasn't directly codified in the rules, because coloring outside the lines relied on GM whims.
5e has achieved a pretty good balance, IMHO.  The way they have accomplished this is through skills and ability checks - and no other rules.  The players now have a pretty good idea what they will be good at doing.  But the DM still has some control because they can set the difficulty or decide if the skill check is contested.  But the lack of detail surrounding those rules is also important.  Basically D&D no longer says something detailed like if you want to intimidate you roll contested check vs. their will and if you beat it by X they run away for d6 rounds; instead 5e still uses rule zero - only with guard rails, if you like
So now the rules are - if the player wants to intimidate pick an appropriate DC and have them roll and then have the NPC react as you like.
On following Rule Zero at the table
It's important to place some trust in the GM.  They have done a bunch of work to show you a good time.  Sometimes that trust may be taking the hit on a ruling.  Even when you know you are "right".  Take the hit, and let the game go on.  Talk about it after, and if things still don't change say something like "I disagree about how that is intended to work, but I see why you want it that way in your game.  Thanks for hearing me out." or something like that.
Comment: Read page 6 of the Player Handbook, and all the statements on twitter by Jeremy Crawford and Mike Mearls that clearly state that rule books are just guides.
Comment: "instead 5e still uses rule zero - only with guard rails, if you like" - Did you read what I wrote?
Comment: you're really not going to like DND v.next

What is Rule Zero?


How to backup an Android device?

Question: Can anyone recommend a good way to backup Android devices?
Ideally I would like to do this wirelessly and, not only backup my data, but also my user settings. Is it possible to backup an image of an Android device - so that one doesn't even need to reinstall apps?
It would be particularly useful to hear from users that have restored backups, as to how easy, and complete, their processes were.
Thanks
Comment: Please specify rooted/unrooted. Rooted is easy to backup, unrooted is where the real question comes in.
Comment: If you have a rooted phone and are interested in the special case of restoring to the same device, see [my answer](https://android.stackexchange.com/a/226555/15403) to my question [How to back up rooted phone to PC? (for restore to same device)](https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/226526/how-to-back-up-rooted-phone-to-pc-for-restore-to-same-device).
Answer: The requirement being that you must be ROOTED, you could get Titanium Backup and back up your phone using that.
The reason for using Titanium Backup is so that you can selectively restore parts of your data if you were to install a different version and/or build of Android. NANDROID backup is good for having a safe image to fall back on but it isn't good for restoring data on top of a new OS installation (there are side effects sometimes).
Comment: They go to /sdcard/TitaniumBackup. Note that /sdcard doesn't necessarily mean it's on an SD card. The Moto X, for example, doesn't support physical SD cards but Android creates that partition for storage.
Comment: Where do backups (when using Titanium Backup) go? Do they go on PC? Do I need a SD card to back up?
Comment: Note that: 1) you can choose where TB stores backups. 2) It doesn't backup user files like photos.
Answer: A good way to back up app data if you're not rooted is to used adb from the Android SDK.  For example, to back up the data for Locale, you'd do something like the following:
adb pull /data/data/com.twofortyfouram.locale/ C:\backup\locale\
And to restore, just use adb push with the same arguments in reverse order, i.e.:
adb push C:\backup\locale\ /data/data/com.twofortyfouram.locale/
You should be able to back up apps from /data/app/ the same way.
Comment: @Shoan Yes.  Start `adb shell` then `cd /data/data/` then `ls`.  Back up `/data/app/` if you want to save the applications to avoid re-downloading them.  There's no other fixed data locations AFAIK :)
Comment: Is there a way to backup the preferences/settings of the applications as well as the OS?
Comment: Is there a way to browse /data? Are there any other directories besides /data/data that need to be backed up?
Comment: @Shoan You could try backing up `/data/system/` but I don't know if it will work.
Answer: If you want to do what is essentially a 1-to-1 backup of your device, you can use a custom recovery to create a "nandroid" backup. Doing so effectively creates disk images of your NAND partitions (hence "nandroid") that you can restore from at a later point. This is going to vary a bit by device and recovery system, but in general if you want to perform a full backup of your phone's internal memory you would need to:

Root your device and install a custom recovery. The most popular recovery is probably ClockworkMod. How you install it will vary widely by device, but ROM Manager can do it for you on most popular devices. You simply launch ROM Manager and select "Flash ClockworkMod Recovery" from the main menu.
If using ClockworkMod, open ROM Manager and select "Backup current ROM". This should do all of the work for you.
If not using ROM Manager or if you use a recovery other than ClockworkMod:

Reboot your device into recovery mode. This again varies by device, but ROM Manager has a "Reboot into recovery" option that works regardless of what recovery you have installed. Another option is to issue adb reboot recovery from a connected PC with ADB configured and set up. There may be other requirements for getting into recovery depending on your device (e.g. the Kindle Fire is very different from others).
Navigate to the "Backup/Restore" or "Nandroid" menu (or similar).
Select "Backup" and (if needed) select which partitions you would like to back up. Some recoveries will also give you the option to compress the backup.
Select "Perform backup" (or similar) and wait for the process to finish.

Once the backup has been performed you should be able to use it to recover from many "soft" bricks. However, the two situations you would not be able to recover from with a backup alone would be:

Your bootloader is invalid/corrupted/etc
Your recovery partition is invalid/corrupted/etc

In both of thse scenarios, you would first need to fix the offending partition (bootloader or recovery) before being able to restore the backup. Basically, anything that prevents you from accessing your recovery partition will also prevent you from using your recovery to restore your backup. Such situations are, I would say, fairly rare. You can use a backup to recover a bad /boot or /system partition, so flashing a kernel or ROM should have an extremely small likelihood of permanently bricking your device (unless it modifies your recovery or bootloader, as noted above).
You may be able to flash an uncompressed backup from fastboot but this would depend on what recovery you are using and how it performs its backups. As I recall, ClockworkMod simply uses dd to create the image and they actually will flash correctly on some devices. However, I would strongly advise researching this before trying as a bad fastboot write could soft brick you as well. Of course, as long as you don't try to overwite your bootloader you won't lose access to fastboot, so in some ways this could be a "nothing ventured, nothing gained" situation.
To actually restore a backup you can:

In ROM Manager select "Manage and Restore Backups", then select the backup you wish to restore from.
If not using ROM Manager or not using ClockworkMod:

Reboot into recovery
Select "Backup/Restore" or "Nandroid" (or similar)
Select "Restore"
Pick the backup you would like to restore from (if more than one)
Select the partitions you would like to restore (if givent the option)
Select "Restore" and wait for the process to finish

Nandroid backups are, by default, stored on your external storage device in pretty much every situation. Some exceptions may be devices with no separate external storage (e.g. devices like the Galaxy Nexus) where the /sdcard directory is actually on the physical internal storage. In any case, though, it will save to your /sdcard directory, which is readable from a PC as USB mass storage or adb. You can copy a nandroid backup off of your phone and onto a computer for safe-keeping, then copy it back over later if you need to restore.
To do this you can simply plug in your device and look for a path like /sdcard/nandroid (or /sdcard/TWRP for TeamWin recovery, possibly elsewhere for others). Then you can copy the contents of the folder over to your computer. Alternatively, you can pull it with adb by plugging in the device and issuing something akin to:
adb pull /path/to/backups

...from a PC shell.
Answer: There are a number of apps you can use but many will already have the ES File Manager
Note: Turn off as many apps as you can. Some apps will not backup while running.

Launch ES File Manager
(When you open it you are normally in the file manager mode)
Tap the second icon from the right to switch to Application mode
Long press on any icon. Select "Select All" from the context menu
Press Menu. Select "Backup"

While the backup is running, you can watch its progress by opening the notification bar
The applications will be copied into backup/apps
Comment: Is this just backing up the apps?  Can similar process also backup data files, such as photos and voice-recorder files?
Comment: @Neal yes app & data can be backed up as well, but requires root permission. Directions are in _Settings >> Help >> FAQ_. It takes some back and forth and careful reading between help and app to get it all sorted out but then it's all good. Also with root system apps and data can be backed up.
Answer: Depending on your phone is the complexity of this task.
HTC Evo (and supported phones) you can use unrEVOked root tool to get root access. Install Titanium Backup and back everything (system included) up onto the memory card (and can copy it to your computer for extra backup).
Otherwise you need to either get something similar to unrEVOked to root and use Titanium.
If not possible, you need to root your phone and do a NANDROID backup. This backs up everything on the phone's memory as an image and can be restored at any point to fully replace anything on the phone with what it was, even if you installed another version of android.
Otherwise... HTC PC Sync? By that is kinda crappy compared to the other tools.
Answer: If you don't have root, you can use MyBackup. It can save applications & media (photos, music, videos), and it can save data (contacts, SMS, MMS, alarms, ...).
Unfortunately it requires internet connection (for MyBackup / Rerware account) even for local save and restore (e.g. on SD card), and free version is single phone only (you cannot copy backup to other phone).
Note that non-root version is less powerful than e.g. Titanium Backup or MyBackup Root.

There is also Helium (formerly Carbon), which also doesn't require root.

How to backup an Android device?


How can I beat the rock spiders on level 4 of Battle Quest?

Question: On the Legend of Zelda Battle Quest attraction in Nitendo Land I'm having some trouble getting past the big rock spiders like in level four. They dodge my charge shots, and they only seem to take damage from the head, so taking them out before they reach you is very tricky. Is there any better way to take them out aside from spamming arrows and hoping you hit their head? I've noticed a lot of the Miiverse messages on the level note having trouble with the spiders, but not how to beat them.
Answer: As the Archer you can use a charged arrow shot to topple over the spider simply by hitting it's hard shell/back. It will fall over (only with a charged shot) and expose it's belly, which is fair game to shoot. You can shoot charged shots or spam uncharged shots, and refill your arrows. This is also useful in the "boss" fight at the end of the level, as you can topple the spider to give yourself a few extra seconds to take out the weaker targets before killing the spider.
Unfortunately I don't know any strategies for the sword wielding option as I don't have a wii motion plus controller.
Answer: One of the best ways to beat it is to play with a partner. Then if the spider gets you your partner can hit him and he will let go of you. The spiders back is literally unable to be hit.
Shoot them in the head and you do not even have to use a power shot. I'm on level 3 of the 5 secret levels, and the spiders come up a lot.


What are the main differences between dehydrated foods and freeze-dried foods?

Question: What's the big difference between Dehydrated and Freeze-dried foods? What are the pros and cons to choosing one over the other for backpacking?
Answer: The most significant difference between the two—aside from cost—is the composition of the food due to the different processes of removing moisture.
Dehydration very simply uses heat to remove moisture without cooking the food. This leaves the food withered and hard, and takes a lot longer to rehydrate. Freeze-drying involves freezing the food inside a vacuum chamber, the boiling point of water is well below 0°C in a vacuum, so when you put frozen food in a vacuum the moisture in the food "boils" and is sucked out as a gas. The significant difference is that the freeze dried food retains its structure, and accepts moisture like a sponge. Dehydrated foods do not so readily accept moisture.  As a result freeze dried foods will rehydrate or "cook" much faster.
The main differences:

DEHYDRATION
Moisture content: 5 - 10%
Shelf life: 15-20 years (fruits and veggies)
Nutritional value: Dehydration process breaks down vitamins and minerals; retains less nutritional content.
Appearance and composition: Withered and hard
Cooking: 15min - 4hrs; takes a long time to re-hydrate; bland flavour, requires seasoning.
Cost: Dehydrating food is easy and cheap; dehydrators are relatively inexpensive and can be easily homemade using a box and space heater, or even the sun.

Pros: Cheaper, simpler process; easy and inexpensive to dehydrate home-made foods.
Cons: Longer preparation times; retains less nutritional content; heavier to carry. Shorter shelf life than freeze-dried.

FREEZE DRYING
Moisture content: 1 - 2% (significantly less weight)
Shelf life: 25-30 years (fruits and veggies)
Nutritional value: Vast majority of the vitamins and minerals found in the original food is retained.
Appearance and composition: Moisture is removed from the food without destroying it's structure; becomes soft when wet.
Cooking: 5min - 10min; better flavor.
Cost: Freeze-drying food is not as cheap as dehydrating it; dryers are high tech and cost thousands of dollars, and use more power than dehydrators.

Pros: Lighter to carry; tastier; ready to eat in as little as 5-10 minutes preparation time; more nutritious. Longer shelf life
Cons: More expensive; home Freeze-dryers are a big investment.

Dehydrated vs. Freeze-Dried Food

The main deciding factor between the two for most people is the often comes down to cost. Buying freeze-dried food is more expensive. You can get home freeze-dryers and freeze-dry your own foods, but the dryers are high-tech and expensive. If you're cost-driven, then carrying dehydrated food may be the way to go.
Comment: Nice answer. I'd maybe change the `then rapidly heating it to above boiling point` - while technically true, its important to note that the boiling point at this moment is *below 0°C* (when most people think about the boiling point of water its likely they mean at 1 ATM pressure, i.e. 100°C).
Comment: As an aside, freeze dried ice cream is a fun treat. It's not cold nor is it really ice cream any more. More like a dried light nugant, but it's a really good treat.
Answer: if i recall right i think dehydrated food you eat as is and freeze dried food you need hot water to make it edible that would be like cup of soup or cup of noodles and is high in sodium but it will help keep you hydrated but if your backpacking and can't have a open flame on the trail then dehydrated food like fruits will will give you some energy until you get to where you can have a hot meal and both these foods are lightweight for hiking and camping and you would have water with you anyways


How to address gaps between underlayment and drywall before waterproofing?

Question: There's a small, maybe 1/2 inch, gap between my concrete backerboard underlayment and the bottom of my drywall. I want to install Ditra waterproofing  (mat plus Kerdi seal tape). For waterproofing the outside perimeter, I'm supposed to apply thinset to the floor and wall 2 inches in each direction, and then stick on the Kerdi tape. However, how do I deal with this vertical gap between underlayment and drywall bottom? Would it be silly to fill it with drywall compound and mimic the drywall panel being flush with the underlayment? Should I leave it alone as it will be covered up by baseboard later?
Comment: A picture would help.
Answer: Leave the gap and cover it with trim. The gap is there to prevent the drywall from wicking moisture up from the floor and molding.
Answer: Leaving the gap should be fine. You will apply thin set up the wall and apply the Kerri tape. The small gap will be fine.
Later when you apply tile or baseboard it will all be covered. Whichever material you use will act as the rigid wall to the floor.


Contact Report Filter: How to include Street Address?

Question: I'm trying to create a contact report (summary) and Street Address is not among the filters. Is there a way to include it?
Comment: Update: What I did is edit the "sites/all/modules/civicrm/CRM/Report/Form.php" and added the street address. Is this correct and acceptable? Thanks!         'street_address' => array(
          'title' => ts('Street Address'),
          'name' => 'street_address',
          'operator' => 'like',
        ),
Answer: What version of Civi are you on? Look for Constituent Summary in Reports. And install Eileen's Extended Report extension here and take a look at the Constituent Report (Summary).
Comment: Hi, Thanks! Just did and I'm looking at "Flexible Contact Report". However, the custom fields I created do not appear on the columns tab. Unlike in the Constituent Report (Summary). civiCRM v.4.6.6.
Comment: So to add custom fields to a report might require creating your own extension, perhaps using Eileen's as the base and adding on to that - or starting from scratch. See http://wiki.civicrm.org/confluence/display/CRMDOC/Create+an+Extension. You may get what you want by creating a new Profile with the fields you need and making that a Search View that you can then print out.


Why did they want to send people to the Phantom Zone in Man of Steel?

Question: The people of Krypton had to live somewhere, but as I got it from Man of Steel the Phantom Zone is just some place in space. But some character (I don't remember Jor-El or Zod) wanted to send people to the Phantom Zone to save them. What is the difference between Phantom Zone and just any other place in space?
Answer: I think you might have mixed things up a little bit.
Jor-El (Superman's father) wanted to send the Kryptonian genetic codex (the library of Kryptonian genetic material) to another planet where it could be used to restore Kryptonian society.
Zod, however, rebelled against the council and tried to steal the codex for his own purpose - to remove those bloodlines that he deemed "degenerative" and reform Kryptonian society in his own image. Ultimately he was unsuccessful and arrested after killing Jor-El (who succeeded in launching a ship carrying his son and the codex towards Earth). The council sentenced Zod and his followers to banishment to the Phantom Zone for their crimes as treason.
As for why the Kryptonians use the Phantom Zone as a punishment - I don't think the film makes it particular clear, but from other DC material (comic books and the 1980s movies), it's a "pocket universe" outside of our own where you don't really have a physical presence and it is rather bleak.
Comment: Hi. I've updated the answer to address your comment.
Comment: In the older Superman II movie I believe it's mentioned that the Phantom Zone is a prison for the reasons you explain.
Comment: own purpose (Zod), aren't they wanted use it for the same purpose - restore the reace?
Answer: Culture.
Kryptonians abhor capital punishment and will go to incredible lengths to avoid it.  Damning convicts to a different dimension may be a cognitive heuristic that allows this universe to remain "clean".  For example, objectively and scientifically, we know that evil cannot "infect" a material object... but it's well studied and established that nonetheless we will feel icky wearing an item of clothing said to be Hitler's versus one by a great humanitarian, even if it should make no material or meaningful rational difference.  This is a "law of contagion", a mental shortcut, that sentient minds are susceptible to and critically, explicitly called out by Zod in the film!  Asked if he has any last words, Zod replies (emphasis added):

You won't kill us yourself! You wouldn't sully your hands! But you'll damn us... to a black hole for eternity!

He follows that calling them a pack of fools.  Zod is pointing out the ridiculousness of the ceremony and dimensional exile when the result is the same as "killing us yourself" meaning the only actual difference is the fact that to a Kryptonian it means not "sullying one's hands" (e.g. the "law of contagion").
There are many cultural trappings that aren't fully rational but explained by this kind of idea.
Answer: The Phantom Zone was meant as a prison for criminal Kryptonians. That is basically all that needs to really be said but let's get into detail. Jor-El had different views from Zod and decided to take the codex but failed since it was no longer in place. It was with baby Kal-El (Superman A.k.a Clark Kent), who was already sent off Krypton. Zod was sent to the Phantom Zone for treason of trying to overthrow the council. Not to mention his buddies Ursa and Non assisted Zod making them go to the Phantom Zone along with him. (Original Superman) In the Man of Steel reboot version of Superman, Zod had more followers. Once the planet was destroyed, the Phantom Zone prisoners were released. This brings me to the many theories that come from this events. Anyway. Superman defeats them and are commonly said to have been sucked into a black whole.


Lemon juice as drinking water preservative

Question: I drink water at work from a plastic bottle, refilled at cooler. I wonder if putting lemon cuts (0.25 lemon/L) in it will preserve it and decent way to keep water safe.
Is there a chance that lemon can go bad if left in bottle for two or three days?
Comment: @Stephie please write an answer if you have one. Short answers are OK, answers in comments are not.
Comment: any idea why the downvote? I wonder because I want to calibrate my questions to rules of the community, it seems to be in scope
Answer: This is more likely to introduce organic matter (the lemon cuts) that can induce spoilage than prevent it... common experience shows that food that has "some lemon juice" added (and the amount you are suggesting is in the same order of magnitude) is not significantly preserved by that, so we can assume the acid (which would be the preserving factor) is far too diluted in that mixture to keep either the water or the lemons from spoiling. Also, lemons as bought from a store or vegetable stand are far too widely variable in their acid content to make any statement on chemical potency - the only remotely safe way to preserve anything via the acid from natural produce would be to educate yourself on the suitable pH range, then after each preparation take a sample and examine it with a pH measuring device (pH meter, indicating paper - do not dip such devices directly into anything that still gets served as food or drink!).
Comment: Some bacteria will be there anyway even with clean water, to have the water even close to clear of any bacteria you would need to at least fill it into a sterile container right after boiling or, even more effective, pressure cooking it. Compare what is done in canning to get stuff actually, truly sterile: Food is sealed into containers which are then, as a whole, pressure cooked. Drinks you get in shelf-stable containers in a supermarket will have been cooked (pasteurized) OR have been treated with DMDC OR be far more alcoholic or acidic than lemony water.
Comment: OK, now I see it in more detail. I was thinking there is some common knowledge, but couldn't find any. Drinking out of bottle adds only bacteria from mouth, but lemon itself definitely can bring something extra. I'll try to run a test: take a sip from bottles with and without lemon, and let them stay for couple of days, then see under microscope or grow cultures


Installing an outdoor inlet for a portable generator

Question: I've purchased a portable generator that I'm planning to use in case of an outage.  I'm not wanting to wire this to my house wiring; I'm just planning to install an outdoor inlet wired to a dedicated outlet in the house, and connect a power strip to some items during an outage.  What do I need to be aware of in this kind of setup?  Do I need to install a separate ground line for this outlet?  Would I be violating any kind of code with this install?  Any help would be appreciated.  Thanks.
Comment: Will you be using 20, 30, or 50 ampere output from the generator?
Comment: The output from the generator is rated for 20 amps.  I'm thinking primarily connecting some small electronics like a laptop and cell phones, and possibly a small portable A/C unit in the summer.
Answer: If you want this to look decent, and be safe. You want to have something like this:

Circuit Protection
This setup assumes that the generator provides overcurrent, short-circuit,  overload, and ground-fault protection. Likely via a circuit breaker, and a GFCI receptacle.  If this is not the case, you'll want to provide that protection within your wiring.
If the generator output does not have short-circuit, overcurrent, and overload protection, you'll want to install a circuit breaker somewhere (likely between the inlet and the receptacle). If the generator does not provide ground-fault protection, you'll want to have that somewhere as well (likely via GFCI receptacle, or GFCI circuit breaker).
Shock Hazard Protection
You'll notice in the above diagram, that an inlet is used, and that the female end of the gen. cord plugs into the inlet. To understand why this is important, let's take this example.
The power goes out. You go out and start up the generator. You plug one end of a double male ended cord into the generator, and drag the other end over to the "input receptacle". As you do so, you touch the exposed prongs at the end of the cord. ZAP! You dead.
If the generator does not accept a male plug connection, you'll want to make up a double female cord. That way you'll plug a female end into the generator, and a female end into the inlet. You don't ever want to have exposed energized parts, as they are a serious shock hazard.
Sizing
Make sure all wiring and devices are sized properly. If you're working with a 20 ampere 125 volt output from the generator. That would mean 20 ampere devices, and at least 12 AWG copper wires.
Grounding
As this setup is basically an extension cord, there's no need to bond it to the electrical system of the house.  The neutral-ground bond on the generator should be left in place.
NEC 702.11 says that the generator has to be grounded to a grounding electrode in accordance with 250.30.
Signage
According to NEC 702.7(C), there should sign near the inlet that reads:

WARNING:
FOR CONNECTION OF A SEPARATELY DERIVED (BONDED NEUTRAL) SYSTEM ONLY
Comment: @Johnny -- the neutral-ground bonding strap should be *present* as this is a "separately derived system" in the NEC -- the generator also needs a grounding electrode driven for it.  The only time you remove the bonding strap is when you are installing the generator as something other than a "separately derived system" by transferring only the hots of a circuit or circuit(s) to the generator.
Comment: how does grounding work in a standby generator situation like this? Should the generator be bonded to the home ground? If no, is it a problem if the bare ground wire accidentally touches a house ground (like a pipe or metal junction box)? Should the neutral-ground bonding strap (present on many contractor style generators for OSHA compliance) be present or removed?
Comment: I'm not sure if a setup like this is to code, but it should be as safe as running an extension cord through a window.
Comment: @Tester101 -- what you have here is *almost* right -- there are a couple of caveats related to labeling in Art. 702 of the NEC involved though.


Coffee on daily basis

Question: I was wondering if coffee has serious health issues because I take coffee on daily basis. Can anyone tell me what are the possible health issues on consuming the coffee on daily basis?
Comment: This question seems to be very broad. Could you edit it to make it more specific? Also, you are making an incorrect assumption: Coffee is unhealthy when consumed on a daily basis. Coffee can be healthy when consumed in moderation. If you want to discuss this, feel free to tag me in the chatroom or in the meta forums.
Comment: Agreed, should be more specific. Are you looking for any specific health issues in particular?
Answer: Coffee and in particular caffeine, has had a reputation of being bad for your health, possibly being associated with cardiovascular disease, stroke, and your heart health in general.  Current consensus is that there may actually be some health benefits from drinking coffee, and those that drink moderate amount of coffee (3-5 cups) have lower risk with these particular issues.
A couple of things to note, these results have been found to be associated with black coffee, not including the effects of sweeteners or dairy added to the drink.  These additions may have other effects stemming from the sugars they add to you beverage. Also, some evidence has been found linking coffee prepared in a method that does not use a paper filter (e.g. french press) with increased cholesterol levels.
Answer: Numerous studies have found positive health benefits to regular coffee consumption, if done in moderation and without adding a lot of cream and sugar.  Specifically, coffee has the following health benefits:
Huge Source of Antioxidants - Coffee is the number one source of antioxidants. Antioxidants are important in fighting inflammation, which is linked to arthritis, many types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc.
May protect against Type 2 Diabetes - A number of studies have found that coffee drinkers have a much lower risk of getting Type 2 Diabetes.  One study suggests that the risk of Diabetes drops by 7% for each daily cup of coffee.
May help protect against cognitive decline, Alzheimer's, and Dementia - Study found that drinking coffee was associated with a 65% decreased risk of Alzheimer's and Dementia.
May lower risk of Parkinson's - Various studies have concluded that consuming coffee (and specifically, caffeine) are associated with lower incidences of Parkinson's disease.
May lower risk of heart disease - Study found that moderate coffee drinkers had a 20% lower risk of heart disease vs. non-drinkers, heavy-drinkers, or light-drinkers.
May protect your liver - Coffee consumption has been linked with decreased risk of liver cancer and Cirrhosis.
Contains essential nutrients - including Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5), Manganese, Potassium, Magnesium, and Niacin (B3).
May lower risk of Depression - Multiple studies have linked coffee consumption with lower rates of depression.
May lower risk of Gout - Independent studies suggest that drinking coffee reduces the risk of developing Gout.
Short-term boost in memory, mood, and general cognitive function - In various studies, caffeine has been shown to provide short-term boosts in memory and cognition.
Can increase fat burning and physical performance - Caffeine has been shown to increase metabolic rate and adrenaline levels.
But there are some Cons of Drinking Coffee

The potential health benefits of drinking coffee are exciting news, but that doesn't mean more is better. For some people, coffee can
  cause irritability, nervousness or anxiety in high doses, and it can
  also impact sleep quality and cause insomnia. In people with
  hypertension, coffee consumption does transiently raise their blood
  pressure–although for no more than several hours–but no correlation
  has been found between coffee drinking and long-term increases in
  blood pressure or the incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients
  with pre-existing hypertension.
Caffeine affects every person differently, so if you experience any
  negative side effects, consider cutting your coffee consumption
  accordingly. It takes about six hours for the effects of caffeine to
  wear off, so limit coffee drinking to early in the day, or switch to
  decaf, which only contains about 2 to 12 mg of caffeine per eight
  ounces. Always taper your coffee consumption gradually. Avoid quitting
  coffee cold turkey; doing so can lead to caffeine withdrawal symptoms
  that may include severe headache, muscle aches and fatigue which can
  last for days.

To Keep it Healthy  Skip the fat-filled, sugar-laden coffeehouse beverages and order a basic black coffee. Alternatively, switch to skim milk or unsweetened soy or nut milk.
Source
10 Healthy Reasons to Drink Coffee
Some more links you need to refer :
13 Proven Health Benefits of Coffee
PS : Will frequently update question and also provide some more links if i find any.
Answer: Like Steven said, it's not accounting sweeteners. But if you are heavy on that sweet n low like I am, you may want to read this article.
Answer: Excess coffee can hurt you but i found a way to keep it safe:
Use dark chocolate on daily basis, dark I mean 72% and up, better the 85, 90 or 99(unprocessed chocolate to keep nutrients).
I was feeling the heart till discovered dark chocolate benefits combined with coffee. Also use less sugar as possible and if you use just keep with raw sugar (brown organic). I'm a heavy coffee drinker and so far no side effects.
Hope will help the info.
Links bellow does show some benefits of the dark chocolate and coffee.
7 Heart-Healthy Perks of Dark Chocolate
Coffee and Your Health
Comment: Gotta love the 90% stuff
Answer: You can find a review of recent studies regarding the effects of coffee on health here:
Coffee and Health: A Review of Recent Human Research.
Taken from the abstract of the review paper in case you don't have access:

Unfiltered coffee is a significant source of cafestol and kahweol, which are diterpenes that have been implicated in the
  cholesterolraising effects of coffee. The results of epidemiological
  research suggest that coffee consumption may help prevent several
  chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, Parkinson's
  disease and liver disease (cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma).
  Most prospective cohort studies have not found coffee consumption to
  be associated with significantly increased cardiovascular disease
  risk. However, coffee consumption is associated with increases in
  several cardiovascular disease risk factors, including blood pressure
  and plasma homocysteine. At present, there is little evidence that
  coffee consumption increases the risk of cancer. For adults consuming
  moderate amounts of coffee (3–4 cups/d providing 300–400 mg/d of
  caffeine), there is little evidence of health risks and some evidence
  of health benefits. However, some groups, including people with
  hypertension, children, adolescents, and the elderly, may be more
  vulnerable to the adverse effects of caffeine. In addition, currently
  available evidence suggests that it may be prudent for pregnant women
  to limit coffee consumption to 3 cups/d providing no more than 300
  mg/d of caffeine to exclude any increased probability of spontaneous
  abortion or impaired fetal growth.

Coffee on daily basis


Can a Muslim woman marry a Christian man who has converted?

Question: I have heard many discussions on this topic but my main concern is if the man chooses to convert to Islam, although he now believes in Islam and follows it, his initial incentive or motivation was associated to pleasing his future wife, rather than because of belief. In this case is it still allowed for a Muslim woman to marry him? Please elaborate with proof if possible.
Answer: There is no dispute in Islam that a Muslim man can marry a Muslim woman.
In your case, he is a believing Muslim and she is a believing Muslim, no doubt that it is allowed.
Answer: It's permissible for him to marry her, even though his intention to convert to Islam in the first place, is for the sake of the marriage. This is one of the way Allah give "hidayah" (guide) to people; through marriage. Some people are challenged with this conversion thing when they want to get married to a Muslim, but they decided to end the relationship rather than converting. Wallahu 'alam.
Answer: Yea, if the christian man is reverted to Islam, then, I don't see any problem for a Muslim woman to marry him.
So, She can marry him.
But my opinion is that it'd be better if he reverted to islam for understanding Allaah and his oneness, not for marriage. But even if it is for marrying someone he loves, Allaah Subhanahu wata'ala may guide him.


Request Policy like plugin for Internet Explorer

Question: I'm using Firefox with a plugin called Request Policy. What it basically does is the preventing of cross site requests from the currently opened website. E.g: when I open the local news site it blocks all the facebook/twitter/googleads widgets on the site.
It is really useful in the office but not everybody likes to use Firefox.
My question is: is there a similar plugin available to Internet Explorer (8+) or Opera (10+) as well?
I already googled it but didn't find any.
Thanks in advance!
Answer: Yes,
Ghostery does that and supports IE and Opera


Can I mix two yeasts to add different flavours when I make beer?

Question: This is my first post so I hope I haven't asked anything silly. Can I mix a high alcohol (attenuation?) yeast (for low final sugar and specific gravity) and a yeast that produces more "fruity esters" (like a ale yeast) together into my beer wort. I want to make a dry but more full flavored beer and I wondered if that might help do it.
Comment: Great question! Thanks for asking, something I've been looking forward to experimenting with. Just haven't had the chance yet.
Answer: This can work very nicely from my experience, I often use S-04 and US-05. The S-04 gives esters as you suspect and the US-05 gives a higher attenuation and a thinner body.
The majority of esters are generated during the first 3 days of fermentation and the major difference of a high attenuation yeast will not really be apparent until the later than this when the ABV get >5% or most of the mono/di-saccharides have been consumed.
It has worked well for me exactly as you suspected it might, from 25l batches up to 800l batches. I use other combinations of yeasts to get other flavour profiles. The highest number of yeasts I have used in a single brew is 5, 2 standard brewing yeasts, 3 Brettanomyces and we had some lacto in there as well.
Enjoy layering the yeast flavours!
Comment: I'd like to add that you can add the lower abv tolerant yeast first, let it finish then add the higher abv yeast. This may or may not produce the exact effects you are looking for, but it does help control who is doing what when.
Comment: If you add one and let it finish then add a second to complete down to FG, you run the risk of stressing the second yeast as the first will have consumed all the Oxygen and the second will be left struggling to form sterols for its membranes. Not to say you can't but the result will be very different to adding them together. I have never done this for the above theoretical reasons.
Comment: I don't know if that's true or not. The first yeast will have dropped, and the second yeast will have that as a source of both nitrogen and sterols. Once there is a source in the ferment you don't need more oxygen. The nutrients just get recycled. This is why it has been suggested that you can add yeast hills instead of oxygenating you're must to supply the yeast with sterols and sterol building materials.
Comment: the first yeast will have dropped having consumed the 8ppm of oxygen in the solution. The second yeast will not have access to all the oxygen by products as some was CO2 and therefore the O2 is going and they will be able to use some of the nitrogen in the cake but as it is a cake there is a very low SA/vol ratio so very little will be exposed, also most of the first yeast is not dead just dormant, and as such the sterols and nitrogen will not be free in solution.
Answer: You can do it, but there's no way to control which will dominate so it's a crapshoot with hard to predict results.  I prefer to go another way... split the batch and ferment each half with a different yeast.  Then blend post fermentation.
Comment: Hard to predict, but not hard to replicate.  Therefore one a can play with their process and pitch rate combos to drive an effect.  Then it is easily replicated.  I've done this many times with two yeast strains to get specific results.
Comment: I have not had the "easy to replicate" experience.  I still find I have more control by blending
Answer: --edit--
Others have apparently used multiple yeasts without any difficulty and have achieved the desired affect, so my answer below is apparently wrong.  I'm leaving it here because it offers some alternatives which I have had success with.  Both blending and fortifying beer can produce drafts which are strong in both flavor and proof.
--end-of-edit--
I don't think that will work as you expect it too.  The high alcohol tolerant yeast will quickly drive down the specific gravity to an alcohol level that only they can survive, leaving your ester produces to perish and settle down into the trub.
You can probably get the effect that you want by splitting your wort and giving each yeast exclusive access to half.  Then after all fermenting is done, (or better yet after each half has aged and mellowed,) you can blend the two finished beers in different proportions until you find a mix that you like.
To simplify the process, you could always just brew your beer for the flavors you like and then mix in some brandy (or whatever hot liquor you prefer) to give it a stronger kick.
Answer: I agree with other answers that it might be difficult to gauge the fermentation rate or metabolic requirements of one strain of yeast against the other. However that would not make the proposed idea of mixing yeasts unusable. It would just make the idea indeterminate until the process was better understood from experience. If one can overcome the learning curve then there may well be a valuable discovery at the end. But one wouldn't know until one has tried it.
I note that other advice is to split the batch into the correct ratios and ferment each separately. That is quite reasonable however the batch fermented with a low attenuation yeast would add sweetness back into the final mix. I accept the mixed ales might further ferment and become less sweet, if so - perfect!
As splitting a batch can be a problem, there is an alternative approach - the successive pitching of the different yeasts. I would suggest first pitching the lower attenuating but higher flavour yeast. Give it unfettered access to ferment the wort. One might even try a sample to see how the taste is progressing. When the yeast has done its job or reached its limit (or whatever test) one can then pitch in the higher attenuating yeast to complete the job of fermenting remaining sugars. One could in effect "time split" and not "bulk split" the fermentation process.
Perhaps the only downside to this approach is that the second pitching of yeast might need some aeration to provide oxygen for the second batch to grow. One could rouse and "aerate the brew" by vigorous stirring. Another option is to grow the yeast to sufficient quantity in a (smaller) separate vessel, aerating as needed over a day or so. When ready, pitch the whole load to complete the job in the anaerobic conditions in the main brew.
How one might approach mixing more than these two "obvious" types of yeast I don't know. One could only do it a few times and see if it yielded useful result. Good luck!
Answer: An interesting short article on this topic on
https://www.whitelabs.com/beer/using-multiple-yeast-strains
agrees that mixing is fine and seems to suggest time-splitting is best for the esters/attenuation mix (see the second Q&A).
Good question GrainMother. Hope the brew turned out well whatever you did.


What's the difference between a rolled chord and a broken chord?

Question: Question is self-explanatory. What's the difference? I don't see it explained at all online, much less clearly and simply.
Comment: Highly related https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/33646/whats-the-difference-between-arpeggio-and-broken-chord.
Answer: A broken chord is a form of arpeggio where a chord's notes are played in a certain order to form a pattern. A classic example of this is the "estudio brilliante" by Tarrega. What guitarists call "picking patterns" is in fact just whatever variation of broken chord the guitarist is fond of.
An arpeggio is also a chord played one note at a time, but here the notes are played in a strict order a-c-e over how many octaves. If you want an example of this effect then you can listen to Eddie Van Halen's guitar playing. Arpeggiating was kind of his thing.
A rolled chord is an effect that mimics the strumming of string instruments. It is one of the ways you can get a piano to sound guitar-like. The Spanish composers of the Romantic era were especially fond of this effect as it was a sound familiar in Spain. This effect just plays each note slightly after each other, but the chords are still notated as a single sound. The succession of notes is very quick and when done it just gives an effect. Each note is still part of the collective.
Comment: @gidds No, you could hold the notes in a broken chord.
Comment: Typically on guitar the notes in a broken chord are left to ring.
Comment: Could it be summarised by saying that the notes **overlap** in a rolled chord, but not in a broken chord or arpeggio?
Comment: @NeilMeyer: When using standard tuning, closely-voiced broken chords can't be allowed to let ring because such voicings would require either fretting a string at different notes at different times, or would require a very difficult stretch.  For example, if one wanted to play a four-note close-voiced e-g-b-d' on the guitar (as opposed to d-g#-b-e') with all strings ringing simultaneously, one would have to play x-7-6-3-4-x.  Flat Finger Tuning would allow E-e-g-b-d to be fingered as x-1-1-1-2-2, but most tunings don't accommodate such close voicings without fingering individual notes.
Answer: Welcome, newcomer!  Most questions like this can be answered at  Dolmetsch
rolled chord:

arpeggio (the chord itself), arpeggiato (the manner of playing using
rolled chords)

broken chord:

accordo arpeggiato (Italian m.), gebrochener Akkord (German m.),
accord brisé (French m.), acorde harpejado (Spanish m.), acorde
arpeggiado (Spanish m.) an arpeggiated chord where the notes are
played, not simultaneously, but one after the other as in an Alberti
bass or two notes may be immediately followed by another two

So, going by this, there is no difference.
Comment: Have you got shares in Dolmetsch..?!!
Comment: @Tim   :-)     Given the DJIA,  I'd rather not have shares in anything!
Comment: I consider the alberti to be a broken chord stylistic of the classical era and made popular by mozart.
Answer: In simple terms, in a rolled chord, the three (or more) notes are played in quick succession.  They will typically all be played in the space of one beat, unless it's a really long rolled chord with many notes.
A broken chord is played as three (or more) distinct notes, one after the other, in time with the music.
Answer: It's matter of degree.   The rolled chord delays (or anticipates) the attack of a chord, but the whole thing is one item, not rolling it would just be a different gesture. The timing of the 'roll' is not strictly notated.   The broken chord has precise rhythmic notation and is perceived as separate notes.
But they also have many similarities.
Answer: A broken chord is one that is arpeggiated, and similarly, a rolled chord is also a form of arpeggio. The distinguishing points between the two are generally the method and speed of the technique. Broken chords are the individual notes of a chord played individually in any number of patterns, whereas a rolled chord plays the notes in rapid succession usually accomplished by rolling the wrist on either keyboards or guitar, and the succession of notes is either low to high in order, or less often high to low in order. A rolled chord generally counts as one beat, because it is played so rapidly.


Who would be the survivors after end of Kali Yuga?

Question: What do the scriptures say about would be the survivors after end of Kali Yuga?
Comment: There are immortals like Hanuman who will survive the Kali yuga.
Comment: @Wikash_hindu Which scriptures mention about immortal beings on earth in kaliyug?
Answer: According to the Puranas, the devotees of God will survive at the end of kaliyuga.
Brahma-Vaivarta-purana says

brahmandani viinashyanti deva indraadayastatha/Kalyaanabhaktiyuktascha madbhakto na pranashyati, meaning that when the worlds and the devas like Indra are desroyed [during pralaya]], my devotees wih good qualities are not desroyed. Ref. Omkarnath Rachanavali, vol 6,page 28).

The Saura-Purana says

jagatah prlaye praapte nashte cha kamalodbhave/madbhaktaah naiva nashyanti sveachchavigrahadhaarnaha, meaning at the time of pralaya when even Brahma can not survive, my devotees taking the forms according to their wish always survive(Ibid page 33).


Resolution of vectors

Question: What is the fundamental basis of resolution of vector. Suppose we have a vector $\vec{mg}$, now we resolve it into two components, horizontal and vertical. My question is what is the basis for telling that this is the horizontal and this is the vertical component since the Cartesian plane can be drawn on any direction.
Comment: Ok.. another question why was an electron's charge called negative and proton's positive?
Answer: You're right that the co-ordinates can be written in any direction. But, there's always a left-right (horizontal) co-ordinate, bottom-top (vertical) co-ordinate and out-in (normal) co-ordinate. You can choose any of these co-ordinates as $x$, $y$ and $z$. But at any given time, there's gonna be an axis for each of these co-ordinates. It's not a rule that $x$ axis should be horizontal and $y$ should be vertical
(which was followed in my high-school, and is declared to be true).
If you know how to use your math skillfully, it's very easy. In this case when we consider classical mechanics, weight is always taken downwards. So, it's in the vertical (negative) direction. There's no horizontal component. Even if you try to resolve, it yields zero..!
Answer: The cartesian co-ordiante can be drawn in any direction. But the two co-ordinate axes must be perpendicular together. Consider the force is resolved in x axis and and the value is equal to the product of magnitude of force and cosine of the angle made by the force and x axis
if you consider the weight it will always acts in downward direction. And it dont have an horizontal component because the angle between the weight acting downward and horizontal direction is 90 and it cosine turn out to be zero there is no horizontal component

Resolution of vectors