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Difference between revisions of "Bash"
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{{Article summary text|Improving Bash over its default capabilities.}}
{{Article summary text|Improving Bash over its default capabilities.}}
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{{Article summary wiki|Environment Variables}}
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Revision as of 00:18, 12 October 2011
Template:Article summary start Template:Article summary text Template:Article summary heading Template:Article summary wiki Template:Article summary wiki Template:Article summary wiki Template:Article summary end Bash (Bourne-again Shell) is a shell/programming language by the GNU Project. Its name is a homaging reference to its predecessor: the long-deprecated Bourne shell. Bash can be run on most UNIX-like operating systems, including GNU/Linux. Arch copiously uses Bash throughout its init-scripts.
- 1 Configuration
- 2 Command line
- 3 Aliases
- 4 Functions
- 5 Tips and tricks
- 6 Resources
Configuration file overview
- Template:Filename
- Template:Filename
- Template:Filename
- Template:Filename
- Template:Filename (Non-standard: only some distros, Arch included)
- Template:Filename
- Template:Filename
An overview of the commonly used configuration files:
Template:Filename is sourced by all Bourne-compatible shells upon login. It sets up an environment upon login and loads application-specific (Template:Filename) settings.
This file is read and sourced by bash when an interactive login shell is started.
The file Template:Filename is read and sourced by bash when a non-login interactive shell is started, for example, when you open a virtual console from the desktop environment. This file is useful for setting up a user-specific shell environment.
Configuration file sourcing order
These files are sourced by bash in different circumstances.
- if interactive + login shell → Template:Filename then the first readable of Template:Filename, Template:Filename, and Template:Filename
- Bash will source Template:Filename upon exit.
- if interactive + non-login shell → Template:Filename then Template:Filename
- if login shell + legacy mode → Template:Filename then Template:Filename
But, in Arch, by default:
- Template:Filename (indirectly) sources Template:Filename
- Template:Filename which users are encouraged to copy to Template:Filename, sources Template:Filename
which means that Template:Filename and Template:Filename will be executed for all interactive shells, whether they are login shells or not.
Examples of the user dotfiles can be found in Template:Filename.
Shell and environment variables
The behavior of bash and programs run by it can be influenced by a number of environment variable. Environment variables used to store useful values such as command search directories, or which browser to use. When a new shell or script is launched it inherits its parent's variables, thus starting with an internal set of shell variables[1].
These shell variables in bash can be exported in order to become environment variables:
VARIABLE=content export VARIABLE
or with a shortcut
export VARIABLE=content
Environment variables are conventionally placed in Template:Filename or Template:Filename so that all bourne-compatible shells can use them.
See Environment Variables for more general information.
Command line
Bash command line is managed by the separate library called Readline. Readline provides a lot of shortcuts for interacting with the command line i.e. moving back and forth on the word basis, deleting words etc. It is also Readline's responsibility to manage history of input commands. Last, but not least, it allows you to create macros.
alias is a command, which enables a replacement of a word with another string. It is often used for abbreviating a system command, or for adding default arguments to a regularly used command.
Personal aliases are preferably stored in Template:Filename, and system-wide aliases (which affect all users) belong in Template:Filename.
An example excerpt from Template:Filename covering several time-saving aliases: Template:File
Bash also support functions. The following function will extract a wide range of compressed file types. Add the function to Template:Filename and use it with the syntax Template:Codeline
Another way to do this is to install unp package.
Tips and tricks
Prompt customization
The bash prompt is governed by the variable Template:Codeline. To colorize the bash prompt, first comment out the default Template:Codeline:
#PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ '
Then add the following line:
PS1='\[\e[0;31m\]\u\[\e[m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\w\[\e[m\] \[\e[0;31m\]\$ \[\e[m\]\[\e[0;32m\] '
This Template:Codeline is useful for a root bash prompt, with red designation and green console text. For details on customizing your bash prompt, see Color Bash Prompt.
It is useful to have the auto-complete feature (pressing Template:Keypress key twice on the keyboard) after you type some command like sudo.
To do this add a line in this format to your Template:Filename file:
complete -cf your_command
For example, to enable auto-complete after sudo and man:
complete -cf sudo complete -cf man
Advanced completion
Despite Bash's native support for basic file name, command, and variable auto-completion, there are ways of improving and extending its reach.
The Template:Package Official package extends functionality by adding auto-completion to a wide range of commands and their options. Enabling advanced bash completion is quite simple, just install the following package:
# pacman -S bash-completion
Start a new shell and it will be automatically enabled thanks to Template:Filename.
Faster completion
By appending the following into the readline initialization file (Template:Filename or Template:Filename by default):
set show-all-if-ambiguous on
it is no longer necessary to hit Template:Keypress (default binding) twice to produce a list of all possible completions (both when a partial completion is possible and when no completion is possible), as a single key-press will suffice. Alternatively, to produce such a list only when no completion is possible (i.e., not when a partial completion is possible), append the following command in lieu of the previous one:
set show-all-if-unmodified on
Disable Ctrl-Z in terminal
You can disable Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress (pauses/closes your CLI application) feature for you CLI by wrapping your command in this script
#!/bin/bash trap "" 20 /path_to_your_application/
#!/bin/bash trap "" 20 /usr/bin/adom
With this example script, when you accidentally press Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress instead of Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress or some other key combo while playing Adom(game) your game will not end. Nothing will happen because Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress will be ignored.
Clear the screen after logging out
To clear the screen after logging out on a virtual terminal, append the following lines to Template:Filename:
clear reset
ASCII art, fortunes and cowsay
Along with a colors, system info and ASCII symbols, Bash can be made to display a piece of ASCII art on login. ASCII images can be found online and pasted into a text file, or generated from scratch. To set the image to display in a terminal on login, place the string
cat /path/to/text/file
at the top of Template:Filename.
Random poignant, inspirational, silly or snide phrases can also be shown. To see an example, install the Template:Package Official package from the Template:Codeline repository.
To have a random phrase displayed when logging into a terminal, just set
command fortune
as the top line in Template:Filename.
These two features can be combined, using the program Template:Package Official. Modify the line at the top of Template:Filename to read
command cowsay $(fortune)
command cowthink $(fortune)
The earth is like a tiny grain of sand, only much, much heavier. ----------------------------------------- \ ^__^ \ (oo)\_______ (__)\ )\/\ ||----w | || ||
The ASCII images are generated by Template:Filename text files located in Template:Filename, and all themes can be listed with the command Template:Codeline These files can be edited to the user's liking; custom images can also be created from scratch or found on the net. The easiest way create a custom cow file from an image found online would be to open an existing Template:Filename file in a text editor, copy-and-paste the image from a browser and save the file as a different name. Test the custom file using
# cowsay -f Template:Filename $(fortune)
This can produce some nice eye candy, and the commands used can be more complex. For a specialized example, take a look here.
________________________________________ ( Fry: I must be a robot. Why else would ) ( human women refuse to date me? ) ---------------------------------------- o o o ,'``.._ ,'``. :,--._:)\,:,._,.: :`--,@@@:`...';\ `,'@@@@@@@`---'@@`. /@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@: /@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\ ,'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:\.___,-. `...,---'``````-..._@@@@|:@@@@@@@\ ( )@@@;:@@@@)@@@\ _,-. `. (@@@//@@@@@@@@@@`'@@@@\ : `.//@@)@@@@@@)@@@@@,@; |`. _,'/@@@@@@@)@@@@)@,'@,' :`.`-..____..=:.-':@@@@@.@@@@@_,@@,' ,'\ ``--....-)=' `._,@@\ )@@@'``._ /@_@`. (@) /@@@@@) ; / \ \`-.' (@@@`-:`. `' ___..'@@_,-' |/ `.) `-. `.`.``-----``--,@@.' |/`.\`' ,','); ` (/ (/ (user@host)-(10:10 AM Wed Dec 22)--(~))--->
ASCII Historical Calendar
To install calendar files in your Template:Filename directory:
$ mkdir -p ~/.calendar $ curl -o calendar.rpm http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/x86_64/calendar-1.25-4.el5.x86_64.rpm $ rpm2cpio calendar.rpm | bsdtar -C ~/.calendar --strip-components=4 -xf - ./usr/share/c*
This will then print out the calendar items
$ sed -n "/$(date +%m\\/%d\\\|%b\*\ %d)/p" $(find ~/.calendar /usr/share/calendar -maxdepth 1 -type f -name 'c*' 2>/dev/null);
- Advanced Bash Scripting Guide - Very good resource regarding shell scripting using bash
- Bash Reference Manual - Official reference (654K)
- Bash Scripting by Example
- Completion Guide
- Greg's Wiki - Highly recommended
- man page
- Quote Tutorial
- irc://irc.freenode.net#bash - Active and friendly Internet Relay Chat channel for Bash.


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Toys for Better SexItem #2490
Product Description
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Explore new ideas for greater intimacy and arousal with this erotic, breakthrough guide to sex toys for couples. Watch as couples demonstrate the newest dildos, vibrators, pleasure balls, specialty attachments, and anal plugs. This video can help add new playful delight to your lovemaking. Toys For Better Sex contains explicit demonstrations to help you and your partner expand your sexual pleasure and find your lover's hot spots! America's leading sexuality experts provide guidance and perspective on ways to heighten orgasmic intensity. See sex toys to help him last longer, add texture, girth or length to his penis, and ways to experience "the eternal erection." This video helps you understand how to use toys to explore fantasies such as ménage a trios or double penetration.
Running time: Approximately 80 minutes.

subset: commoncrawl


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Dr. Seuss' The Lorax
08.11.2012 | By Karen Posada | No Comments">No Comments
I watched 'Dr. Seuss' The Lorax' in a movie theater full of kids ranging from 3-10 years of age, which gave me the perfect audience with a mix of adults to get the right movie experience for this film. This movie exudes cuteness and the right amount of singing, the bits of comedy it has just made me smile and a couple of children laugh. There was no crying or chattering in the audience, which tells me the film's 94 minutes are the perfect amount of entertainment for its target audience. The brilliant colors and clever shapes and storyline were even more fantastic in IMAX 3D, although 'Horton Hears a Who' achieved the same visual greatness without IMAX 3D.
The film begins by explaining in singing our setting, Thneedville, which is a city, made of plastic entirely, there's no nature; trees are made in a factory and the most powerful man in town and the villain, Mr. O'Hare (Rob Riggle) made his millions by selling air. A 12 year old boy, Ted (Zac Efron) who is in love with a high schooler, Audrey (Taylor Swift) who dreams of seeing a real tree; decides to go on a quest to win the girl's affection by getting her what she wants. He travels outside of the "capsule" that is his city to the contaminated world beyond in search of The Once-ler (Ed Helms) who according to his grandma Norma (Betty White) is the only person that can lead him to the free oxygen producing trees.
Here is when we being to discover the story of The Lorax (Danny DeVito) who speaks for the trees and cares for nature. What Ted finds in his journey not only changes his life but that of the whole town and the main message of the movie comes across, that each and single one of us makes a difference and we all need to care for our planet.
DeVito's voice is perfect with that of the furry chubby Lorax, he's a like a wise joke cracking grandpa that teaches just in the right tone. Efron is laid back and curious just the right amount to depict a 12 year old. White is the best character, the crazy grandma that is always covering for her grandchildren. Every voice created the characters depicted on the screen and together created a very pleasant movie to watch.
The environmentalist message of the film and the dangers of industrialism are very clear; that it takes one person to care so that we can come together as a whole to save the planet and the beauty it offers. I personally didn't care for the "love story" in the film, but it was easy to over look it, with all the other more important stuff happening, even if it was what pushed the storyline. A children's movie that has such an inspiring and important message with enough entertainment and color is a nice treat to both parents and children to see.


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Old Photos: Notes on Unsticking the StuckPosted: January 15, 2011 Filed under: Genealogy | Tags: old photos, Rants and riffs Leave a comment
Quite a while back I wrote about evil magnetic photo albums and how scores of my family photographs were held in their death grip. The new year has brought a renewed burst of energy for this project on my part.
I've already covered the details of my agonizing over the decision to break up the old albums. (Pro: The glue harms the photos! Con: Removing them could splinter them!) For me, the decision was made when it became obvious the glue on many pages was failing on its own, and the photos were beginning to drop out anyway.
Also, it is so wonderful that they are not stuck anymore — that they can be slipped out of their sleeves for scanning and sharing. (Not too much mobility, though — some are really fragile.)
Beyond that, here are some notes about the process:
1. The unwaxed dental floss method of removing stubbornly stuck pictures (see here for a detailed description) is working well. Pictures are coming up very nicely, with inscriptions on the back intact. I've noticed, though, that one has to be very careful with prints that have the crinkle-edge borders, lest the floss catch one of the sawteeth and slice into the photo rather than underneath it.
2. It's interesting how much my increased understanding of the family timeline has increased my ability to identify and date pictures properly. In fact, new genealogy facts — or more precisely, facts new to me — have cleared up some previously "unidentifiable" items. While some photos remain a complete mystery, I'm beginning to think that it's premature to abandon hope entirely that they will ever be identified.
3. I'm saddened by the deterioration of the color of many prints from the mid-fifties onward. Was this a result of the magnetic albums, or just a feature of the print process? I guess I'll be reading up on this topic.
4. I'm grateful now for my dad's holding my feet to the fire with regard to studying German, although it was a complete bear at times. Very handy for inscriptions on my mom's side of the family.


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Author Notes: This cake I adapted from my friends mother who was a very good baker since her young age.
She used to work in, her family owned, very famous bakery.
When I got older, and asked for the recipe, she told me that this cake should be on a dry side.
Since I like more moist cakes, I decided to use the juice of the orange that I zested for the dough, to make a syrup. It works wonderfully.
Since the cake is very rich, I recommend cutting it in narrow pieces.
Serves: 12-14
Ingredients for the dough:
• 1 cup all-purpose flour
• 1 cup granulated sugar
• 2 sticks room temperature butter
• 1 extra large egg room temperature
• 2 full cups finely ground walnuts
• 1 tablespoon orange zest
Ingredients for the Coffee Buttercream:
• ½ cup good quality espresso coffee
• 1 cup of water
• 9 egg yolks
• 1 cup superfine sugar
• 1pound (cut in small pieces and softened) butter
• 2 tablespoons of coffee liquor, divided in half (Kahlua or Godiva)
Ingredients for the dough:
- Directions: Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Mix In lightly beaten egg, and orange zest. Mix walnuts with flour, and slowly fold into the batter. When the dough is ready, divide it in 3 (three) equal portions.
- Bake on buttered parchment paper in a 10 inch tart pan with a removable bottom, or turn the same size cake pan upside down and bake on the top. Don't roll the dough; with your fingers dipped in a little flour gently press each portion to the shape of the pan; don't go up the sides. The crusts should be flat. Watch the crusts carefully, they bake fast, and should be light golden-brown. Cool each crust on the same parchment paper that it was baked.
Ingredients for the Coffee Buttercream:
- 1. Directions for the Coffee Buttercream: In a sauce pan combine coffee and water, bring to a boil, lower the flame to simmer, and cook until only ½ cup is left. Strain thru a fine sift and let cool to room temperature. Beat the egg yolks with the sugar until pale yellow. Add the cooled coffee. Pour to a heavy bottom sauce pan and cook on a very low flame constantly stirring with a wooden spoon or a whisk till it starts slightly bubbling and thicken. 2. Of the flame gradually whisk in the butter; then mix in 1tablespoon of the liquor. Cover the top with plastic wrap. Set aside.
- Syrup to moisten the crusts: • Squeezed juice of the 1zested orange plus 1 full teaspoon sugar • 1 remaining table spoon of liquor
- To make syrup and assemble the Cake: Mix squeezed orange juice with 1 teaspoon sugar, worm the mixture in microwave for 30 seconds just to dissolve the sugar, and then add the remaining 1tablespoon coffee liquor. Slide carefully (crusts are very fragile) the bottom crust to a cake stand. Dip a pastry brash into the orange syrup and moisten the crust. When the syrup is absorbed spread the Coffee Buttercream. Repeat the same with the two remaining layers, and the sides; or decorate the top of the cake with the Coffee Buttercream by putting the last portion into a pastry bag with a tip of your choice.
- This recipe was entered in the contest for Your Best Holiday Confection
- This recipe was entered in the contest for Your Best Recipe with Coffee
More Great Recipes:
Cake|Coffee|Walnut|Serves a Crowd|Christmas|Fall|Mother's Day|Spring|Summer|Thanksgiving|Valentine's Day|Winter


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http://www.britains-smallwars.com/cypru ... ist_l.html
LAGOUDONTIS, George, Code name: Kiotis. (Described by GRIVAS as ?a fine example of the kind of man produced by the Cyprus Police?, Lagoudontis was a Special Branch Inspector in Nicosia. Using hidden microphones, he tape-recorded meetings held by senior military and civilian officials in the Operations Room at Police HQ, later passing this secret information to Eoka. An Army Brigadier and an Assistant Chief Constable attended the meetings, held every day at 09.00. His primary role in the police was organizing anti-vice patrols in the capital, working with the UK Police Unit, RAF Police and RMPs. To maintain his cover, he said later, he got GRIVAS to add him to a published list of Greek Cypriot ?traitors?. With independence in 1960, he launched a protection racket, in competition with Interior Minister Polycarpos YIOGADJIS. He also tried blackmailing police informers. He claimed later that YIOGADJIS.was planning to kill him, his wife and two children. Lagoudontis then moved to Camden Town, London, in 1963, and lived in a center-terraced house. A wall in the living room carried a framed commendation for ?services rendered? from GRIVAS and another, similar certificate from the Governor of Cyprus at the end of Colonial Rule. He still boasted he had been ?Grivas?s Intelligence Chief?, but, from the safety of his London home, he added: ?If Eoka started all over again, I would fight once more ? but this time on the side of the British. For it?s clear to me now that what we Greek Cypriots did was wrong.?
Greek Cypriot Police chief George LAGOUDONTIS, a self-declared Eoka agent, stands next to a WPC from the UK Police Unit (extreme right) as they prepare for an anti-vice patrol in Nicosia, accompanied by RAF Police. Cpl HOLLINGSWORTH is wearing a dark suit, sitting in the middle of the group.
Rod Hollingsworth, a former corporal serving with 24 Royal Air Force Police District in Larnaca Road, Nicosia, knew Lagoudontis well. He remembers: ?George was so highly thought of that he was the only Greek policeman allowed to carry a gun, a small Italian automatic pistol I recall. We became quite good friends I suppose, all of his friends from 24 PD went to his 40th birthday party at his house (including Wing Cmdr Shephard) the Asst Provost Marshal and we were made most welcome.
?But before you think we were all hoodwinked by this man, we were told by our own Security Branch that he was not to be trusted and he was a double agent, but we went along with him and just played his game.'
LAMBRANIDES, Andreas (From Polis, he returned to Cyprus in May-June 1955 with a group of Greek Cypriot students who had undergone training terrorist methods by the Greek Army. at the start of He had graduated from Athens University with a degree in Theology.)
LAMBROU, Anastassiou. (She was another victim of police brutality, according to Eoka and her case, with others, became part of the organization?s propaganda campaign, especially in the United States. FACT: She had a miscarriage while in police custody. FACT: As a result of her miscarriage, she was taken to the Nicosia General Hospital where two Greek Cypriot doctors examined her immediately. FACT: They found evidence of an attempt at abortion, which had turned septic. FACT: She was 17-years old, unmarried and had attended a local Greek Cypriot medical practitioner before her arrest. FACT: At the Nicosia hospital, she did not complain of any ill treatment. FACT: Several days later, having recovered, she was interviewed by her lawyer Renos LYSSIOTIS and only then accused the Police of striking her on the face and neck and implied that this was the cause of her miscarriage. The investigation of this case was not simplified by the fact the medical report of the Greek Cypriot Government doctor who first examined her had ?disappeared? in the custody of the Greek Cypriot Gynaecologist who examined her and who produced in October and December 1956 and April 1957, three medical reports substantially different in content. The Gynaecologist was questioned on his final report and it was established his evidence lent no support to the allegations of physical violence against Lambrou. LYSSIOTIS, her lawyer, was arrested for active Eoka involvement.
LAMBROU, Andreas, Dentist (A single man, he lived with his mother. In the first week of January 1955, he hid a smuggled cargo of Eoka weapons from Greece in their Nicosia house.
(52A) Eoka agents abroad hid weapons in exported gas cylinders
Later, on 11.12.55, he attended GRIVAS, who was suffering an extreme toothache and a heavy head cold, in his Spilia hideout, while Royal Marines and Gordon Highlanders had just started an intensive search of the mountain area. The dentist was escorted there by Kyriakos MATSIS. With his mother, Lambrou became an expert munitions-maker for Eoka.)
LAMBROU, Christos (This 17-year-old Eoka gunman was sentenced to death for the attempted murder of SSM H MIDDLETON on 28 November 1956. The sentence was commuted.)
LAMBROU, Maria. (An Eoka messenger, she was arrested on 13.10.56. Although pregnant, she was taken for interrogation at the Omorphita Detention Center, where she suffered a miscarriage. She accused Sgt Jeffrey LEACH of the Special Branch of beating her during questioning. The Colonial Secretary denied her charges in a statement to the House of Commons.)
LANITIS, Nicos (A Wealthy businessman from Limassol and president of the Social Progress Society designed to counter the Left in this port city.)
LAZARIDES, Michael (A Student leaflet thrower in Nicosia)
LAZAROU, Andreas (He had a watchmaker?s shop in Arsinoe Street in Nicosia. This was used as a clearing center for messages between GRIVAS and his Eoka groups. Special Branch discovered what was taking place at his shop and offered him a choice: immediate detention in Camp K or to become an informer. Lazarou, father of six children and a wife dying from cancer, chose the later. Shortly afterwards he was machine-gunned to death after Eoka discovered he was co-operating with the Security Forces.)
LEFKOSHIATIS, Constantinos, Archimandrite. Code-name: Tselingas and Gounaris. (The senior Greek Orthodox Churchman in the capital and head of the Nicosia seminary was placed under arrest in summer 1956 by the British authorities for providing financial support for Eoka and using a network of priests to pass their clandestine messages.
He was also in charge of the team of clandestine printers, turning out Eoka propaganda leaflets. He was particularly active during Operation Pepperpot in keeping GRIVAS in touch with the Eoka town gangs. On 19.05.56, one of his seminary students was caught with an Eoka order, concealed in the endpaper of a copy of the New Testament, which had been slit open and resealed. Originally from Larnaca, he was also EOKA?s general rural organizer and administered the organization?s oath at the initiation ceremonies of new recruits.
In April 1956, he advised GRIVAS that Eoka members should fight for God and to help ensure this he ? Lefkoshiatis ? establish a ?Spiritual Supply Service?. Almost immediately the SSS sent out copies of the New Testament and other religious books to every operational group. Joint-Bible studies now took place within them.
Said GRIVAS: ?I wish to stress the spiritual supply of our members should be seriously taken into consideration, in order to create a disciplined and integrated army, on which we can rely not only to keep our campaign going strong until the victorious end, but also to provide the pure and regenerative force that will take up the struggle later on with the same enthusiasm for the purification and regeneration of our sinful society.?)
LEFTERI, Andreas. (Born 1930 in Trikomo/Iskele, the birthplace of Colonel GRIVAS.)
LENAS, Stylianos (Operating as an Eoka armorer in Khandria, the former Nicosia plumber, one of nine children, was shot on 17.02. 57 in Potamittissa by a 40 Commando RM patrol and taken for urgent medical treatment to RAF Akrotiri hospital. He died there six weeks later on 28.03.57.
Lt P HAYNES led the attacking patrol and was killed in the exchanges of fire with Eoka, when Lenas?s hiding place was found. Other members of the Lenas gang made a getaway, only to run into more British patrols. Two other terrorists died.
When Lenas first began making bombs for Eoka, he worked with Yannakis PAFTIS, a handyman at the Ledra Palace hotel, where he had a workroom in the basement.
By summer 1955 the two men had perfected Eoka?s hand grenade ? a water pipe junction fitted with a heavy base plate and a screw cap, filled with sharp metal fragments and the explosive charge, while the fuse protruded through the cap, and could be lit by a burning cigarette. He became adept at making Mk2-type hand grenades.
Two typical bombs created by Lenas. One consists of a concrete block stuffed with explosives and electrically detonated; the second is a pipe bomb, also set off electronically.
Lenas was active from the first day of the conflict, when he attacked Wolesley Barracks in Nicosia. His nickname was Krupps. He had a price of ?5,000 on his head.)
LEONNIDOU, Vereniki. (She and Eleni CHRISTOFORIDOU hid Nicos SAMPSON?s pistols under their skirts after he had used them in the firelight at Nicosia General Hospital on 31.08.56, during which Polycarpos GEORGHADJIS escaped.)
LENOS, Christofis. (This Troodos Mountains Eoka gang member was caught on 18 February 1957 by the Royal Marines during an anti-terrorist operation. Under interrogation, he provided information on how Greek Orthodox priests provided aid and comfort to the terrorists)
LEONIDA, Costas. (Papacosta) (Born Chlorakas 1915. He was both farmer and priest, who supplied food with one hand and arms with the other. He was caught and interned.)
LIASIDES, Antonis (Antonakis) (Resident of Yiallossa/Yeni Erenkoy, but few details known of his background, except that he belonged to PEKA.)
LIATIS, Alexis (Not strictly Eoka, he acted as a Greek Government emissary to advise MAKARIOS, mainly to tell him to maintain a dialogue with the British.)
LIVADAS, Vias. (Details of his Eoka activities not known, but in April 2007 he published a book in Greek about the Eoka members incarcerated in British prisons alongside members of the IRA between 1956 - 59 and their attempts to escape from Wakefield Prison in particular. The book was launched in Nicosia at a re-union of several IRA and Eoka terrorists. Said Livadas: ?With joy and emotion we are here now with Irish brothers-in-arms, with whom we experienced much together in English prisons, during the difficult times of the struggle for freedom. A common struggle against the same enemy ? the English colonialist ? with the same purpose: the freedom of our countries.? Livadas states that on 12.02.59, George SKOTINOS and Nicos SAMPSON planned to escape with IRA men Joe DOYLE and Seamus MURPHY. Only MURPHY succeeded. Livadas also asserts that Special Branch murdered Nicolas IOANNOU, another Eoka prisoner.)
LOIZIDES, Loizos (Born 1930 in Paralimni)
LOIZIDES, Savvas. Code-name: Alarichios. (Born Kato Dikomo/Dikmen. With his brother, Socrates (see below), he was a rabid enotist. Both were lawyers in Athens and set up the first Eoka meeting with GRIVAS and MAKARIOS in March 1953. He organised arms and ammunition supplies and was as involved with the Aghios Giorgios that the British intercepted at Chorakas.
LOIZIDES, Socrates. Code-name: Spartakos. (A Greek national, he had been a captain in the Greek Army. He was present when the Aghios Georghios, a vessel used by Eoka, attempted to land arms and ammunition in January 1955 as part of the build-up to the Eoka conflict. The ship and crew were captured and a Paphos Court sentenced him on 07.05.55 to 12 years? imprisonment. Since his arrival in Cyprus with GRIVAS, he had stayed with Papa AGATHANGELOU, recruiting gunmen. Keen to be co-leader of Eoka, he and GRIVAS fell out and Loizides was ordered back to Athens. Instead he was caught by the British, found guilty and sentenced to a term of imprisonment in the UK. He found Wormwood Scrubs unpleasant, but quite enjoyed Maidstone.)
LOIZIA, Vasso (A 22 year-old woman, he was an Eoka courier, who claimed she was stripped by male police officers on her arrest and then severely beaten. The court ruled her claims irrelevant. Governor HARDING said later her allegations had been investigated and found to be without substance.)
LOIZOU, Costas (He was killed 26.10.58. Born Marathovouna in 1935, he was part of an execution squad in Nicosia, before joining the mountain gangs in Kykko and Kambos areas
LOUCA, Andreas. (In February 1956, he was ordered, with others, to lay bombs at various points in the capital, all timed to explode at 19.00, during the visit of Colonial Secretary LENNOX-BOYD for talks with Governor HARDING and Archbishop MAKARIOS. It is unclear whether GRIVAS had told MAKARIOS in advance about his intention to break up the talks. He built a hideout in the Galata area, north of Kakopetria, and ran a group of five.)
* LOUCA, Loucas. (He died on 03.10.58. From Ayia Napa, where he was born in 1941, he joined ANE and became a student activist.)
LOUCAIDES, Louis. (An Eoka Area Commander, he survived the conflict.)
LOUIZOU, Tefkros (Born 1935 in Ay. Nicolas, Lefka/Lefke. In the photograph above, he is sitting in the center of his mountain gang, an automatic rifle resting on his knee. Although the group are wearing uniforms, Eoka terrorists never dressed this way, other than posed, publicity pictures released to the mainland Greek media for propaganda purposes. Louizou survived the conflict. He was briefly captured on 16.02.57 and held for a short time by the security forces.)
LOUKAS, Gregoris (After Eoka had successfully raided the Mitsero Mine?s stock of dynamite in spring 1956, the authorities ordered the remainder to be removed by military transport to a more secure location. When the trucks were on their way, Loukas?s Kakopetria group ambushed them. Earlier, GRIVAS had ordered him to bury his diaries in a ?safe? place. Loukas was one of AFXENTIOU?s cousins.)
LOUIZOU, Loucas (A teacher from Akanthou, he attended the teacher training school at Morphou/Guzelyurt where he hated the British staff. He later went to Reading university and became an enotist agitator.)
* LOUKA, Loukas. (He died in 1958, while being tortured, Eoka says)
LYSSARIDES, Vassos, Dr Code-name Spartacus. (During the Eoka conflict, he treated wounded terrorists and offered them refuge in his Nicosia clinic. He later became a major politician in the Republic of Cyprus.
At the 1959 London Conference on independence for the Island, he acted as an Eoka representative and voted against the agreements between Britain, Greece and Turkey.
In 1963 he married Barbara Cornwall, an ambitious American journalist who came to Cyprus, hoping to interview GRIVAS for an ?exclusive? in the late fifties. The interview never happened, but Charles FOLEY, the editor-publisher of The Times of Cyprus, gave her a job. Lyssarides was one of FOLEY?s close friends. The marriage ceremony, at which Archbishop MAKARIOS officiated, took place at St John?s Cathedral, Nicosia.
When intercommunal violence erupted at Christmas 1963, Lyssarides was the leader of one of three Greek Cypriot irregular militia to attack Cypriot Turkish communities. Five years later, he founded EDEK, a left-wing political party.
Although they disagreed politically, he and MAKARIOS had been close friends since both were pupils at the Pancyprian Gymnasium in the capital. Throughout the prelate?s presidency, Lyssarides remained his personal physician. On the Archbishop?s death, he cut out MAKARIOS?s heart and showcased it in a glass jar at the archbishopric until 2006.
LYSSIOTIS, Renos (He was the Eoka leader in Nicosia and organized the capital?s Greek Cypriot youngsters to paint white sheets with the slogan: ALL FIGHTERS ARE AT THEIR POSTS, and then hang them on the walls of the Sports Stadium. This took place in August 1956 when GRIVAS had declared a ceasefire to which Governor HARDING called on him and his gangs to surrender.)
LYSSIOTIS, Xeni. (With his wife Angeliki, he profited from renting Eoka space in their Larnaca house during the duration of the conflict.)
Well, sure, compared to the Vietnam War or invading Europe in WWII it was a cakewalk, but not necessarily a bed of roses for the troopies either. SAS used to hunt down and kill terrorists every day there, but it's not on the radar screen. And I realize this is from the period 1955 to 1959, when Canadian forces were not involved in the conflicts, as sure as shit though in a low level way hell was a poppin' there, and the place did not become a vacation paradise just because Canadians graced the place with their presence lol.
PS: Fascinating site! I highly reccomend it.


text:
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text:
micnap needed a new web page design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 15 designs submitted by 6 freelance designers.
The National Sexual Violence Resource Center is a non profit organization that serves as the nation's principle information and resource center regarding all aspects of sexual violence. It provides national leadership, consultation and technical assistance by generating and facilitating the development and flow of information on sexual violence intervention and prevention strategies. The NSVRC works to address the causes and impact of sexual violence through collaboration, prevention efforts and the distribution of resources.
The organization has outgrown the design and structure of the current site – http://www.nsvrc.org. In order to add new sections and more interactive features to the site, they are reorganizing the content within the current Drupal framework and need a new layout and updated look and feel for the site.
The target audience for NSVRC.org are victim service professionals and prevention educators. A secondary audience is the general public.
[Edit: Either a .png or .psd is fine as long as it's compatible with CS4]
Overview – items included on all pages:
1. The site will be divided into 5 main sections – Resources, Connect, eLearning, Store, My NSVRC – as denoted by the tabs in the wireframes. Within each main section are subsections as represented by the submenu underneath the tabs.
2. On every page should also be:
a. The logo in the upper left (see attached logo)
b. The contact us and about us links in the upper right
c. The Log in box (will drop down on mouseover or click to reveal the login box)
d. The search box
e. Request Assistance | Privacy Policy | Contact NSVRC links at bottom
f. Grant information text at very bottom
3. Each of the three pages needs a different variation of the color scheme. For example, most of nsvrc.org uses the color scheme seen on the home page. A variation of this color scheme is used for a subsection of the site as seen at http://www.nsvrc.org/saam. Same layout is used but different color scheme. So to clarify, one color scheme used for the home page, second variation used on list page, and third variation used on the detail page. (See attached color palette)
4. One element that needs to be displayed on every page but is not in any of the wireframes is a link to the donate page. Just didn't know where to fit it in.
5. Please include H1, H2, H3, H4 as content on one of the pages below.
Home page:
See wireframe "Home" - https://gomockingbird.com/mockingbi…z6a/1ccBuC
Much creative license for this page but need the following elements:
• A box that includes a list of 5 or 10 of the latest content
• Prominent use of SAAM logo
• eNewsletter signup icon
• Donate button/link
• "Follow Us On" box as seen on the detail page wireframe
• Calendar block as seen on the right side of http://www.nsvrc.org
• Potential places for banner ads – 150 px x150 px and 468 px x60 px
• Links to Funding Announcements, NSVRC Publications, eLearning
• A graphic for the National Sexual Assault Conference – info at http://www.nsvrc.org/nsac
• A block for the 5 latest blog posts
• A box for video content
List page:
See wireframe "List Page" - https://gomockingbird.com/mockingbi…z6a/ICr2NC
Corresponds loosely to http://www.nsvrc.org/blog/bystander/
Should be fairly straight forward. The page has a vertical navigation menu on the left, breadcrumbs and a list of blog posts and pagination in the center, and tabbed blocks for the latest content on the right. Sample text content provided at http://www.nsvrc.org/blog/bystander/.
Layout does not need to adhere precisely to wireframe. Open to other ideas as long as all elements are included.
Details for 3rd page is attached in PDF.
Websites the client likes include:


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Monday, May 24, 2010
What makes a good IP for an MMO?
I'm a big Sci-Fi/Fantasy reader and after hearing that Brandon was the planned author for the WoT finale, I read his first novel Elantris to get a taste of how talented he was as a writer.
I liked his stand-alone book but was still pretty skeptical about him finishing arguably the best and most storied fantasy series of all time. Unfounded fears as it turned out his Wheel of Time novel was one of the best in the series.
All this got me to thinking that as bloggers, we sometimes talk or rate the IP of our MMOs. In this context, we aren't talking so much about the engine or game itself but the actual "Lore" that makes up the virtual world we inhabit as players. This Lore is important because it tells us the story of the world and our part within it.
From one perspective, it would seem like Books and Movies would be an excellent source for Lore in an MMO. After all, here is a story and world that is already developed.
They also have an existing fan base that makes for a great core audience. This approach has proven very profitable in the Movie industry. Comics like Spiderman, Batman, Superman, X-Men, Fantastic Four, Hulk and even Garfield (and soon Marmaduke) are all existing stories with existing fans whose license translates great into Movies. Heck, we are even seeing Video Games like Resident Evil and Prince of Persia turned into Movies.
But there is a problem when applying this approach to MMOs. Balance.
Different – But Equal
The issue as I see it when applying the Lore of a given game to an MMO is that you inevitable need to break or deviate from the Lore in order to make it "work" in the MMO. A game like Warcraft, whose Lore didn't exist outside of a game, doesn't have this same problem of breaking Lore cannon in order to make a game more fun or balanced.
The best example of this in action is Star Wars. Following the Lore, the most powerful unit in any Star Wars MMO would need to be the Jedi. Han Solo, super-stud Bounty Hunter that he is, could never kick Luke Skywalker's ass. Only other characters who also possess Jedi powers are able to face and defeat each other.
In a book, movie or solo video-game – that's not a problem.
In an MMO, where people may want to choose a class other than a Jedi, it's a problem.
That's because it's inherent to the story that these groups are more powerful than everyone else. Which really doesn't fit with an MMO where the goal is to provide players options that are different but still equal.
This isn't true with all the cannon Lore in all books, of course. But it is a common issue. In many ways, it's far easier to just borrow the parts you like and create your own Lore.
Certainly Lore built for game systems is just going to be naturally much better designed and easier to implement. Dragonlance, Forgotten Realms and Warhammer are all just going to be more inherently aligned with the RPG model. No need to fit a square peg into a circular hole.
The OP is OP (translation: The One Power is Overpowered)
My biggest concerns regarding the upcoming Wheel of Time MMO is that by necessity of game design, it's going to have to break the cannon of WoT Lore.
In WOT, being able to wield the One Power (Aes Sedai, Ashaman, etc) is a trump card that beats anyone who has a sword. There are very few ways for someone without the OP to defeat them.
A sword wielder just gets wrapped up in Air weaves. Arrows? Air weave again.
I think of myself as a fairly creative guy and I can't think of a single way to balance the One Power against non-wielders without seriously breaking or deviating from the cannon.
In fact, there are very few non-wielders who have could confront and win against an OP user. And those that exist are rare because they are central unique individuals to the storyline.
I guess everyone could be someone who wields the OP but that seems a little restrictive for a classic fantasy MMO (and a bit Darkfall-esque where everyone is the same).
Bigger than Life characters
One thing I really appreciate about Blizzard's Lore in Warcraft is that they have some "bigger than life" NPC characters. Say what you will about everyone being a Hero in WoW, but the real Heroes from a Lore perspective aren't player based at all. Thrall, Arthas, Illidan, Gul'Dan, Medivh, Jaina, Grom Hellscream.
Important People.
That's one thing I will say in favor of the Wheel of Time Lore. There certainly would be no shortage of high profile NPCs on which to base events, raids, quests and so forth. There are lots and lots of very prominent and interesting characters that would be very useful as NPC bosses and heads of state.
Mistborn Trilogy
Ironically, despite my earlier observation that Books can make for lousy IP in an MMO, I do think that the Mistborn series has some potential.
I don't want to provide any spoilers, but one of the things that makes Mistborn interesting is that there are lots of different types of talents that have a lot of power in their specific areas.
They also come along with slang names which would work great as Classes. For example, a "Thug" is someone who can burn a metal that makes them physically powerful. A "Coinshot" is someone who can propel metal away from their body. A "Lurcher" is someone who can attract metal towards them.
Done right, you could easily have eight distinct classes with various abilities. And at least one ( a "Hazekiller") which has no abilities.
Abilities also improve with usage and have a "resource" that fuels/limits the user.
I don't know if I would go so far as to allow player controlled Mistborn. But that's a possibility – particularly at end-game.
6 comments:
- Stabs said...
"I think of myself as a fairly creative guy and I can't think of a single way to balance the One Power against non-wielders without seriously breaking or deviating from the cannon."
1. Being Taveren. That always beats the One Power.
If all player characters are Taveren then you can justify swordsmen Taveren (like Matt) being balanced against caster Taveren even though mobs with the One Power are very dangerous mobs.
2. Permadeath.
Casters are more powerful but more likely to die. The life expectancy of Ashamen is pretty low. There are no instant heal spells in the game and casters always attract aggro over non-casters.
In a permadeath system it's a genuine decision whether to go for high risk high power or low risk low power. It requires permadeath to make this work though, everyone would go for high power if the only cost was a few extra corpse runs.
3. Screw cannon, make WoW. This is I'm afraid almost certainly the choice they'll take.
- May 25, 2010 at 2:07 AM
- sid67 said...
1.Being Taveren. That always beats the One Power.
Agreed. And in all of the books there are only (3) characters who a Taveren. Characters who need to stay separate or their combined Taveren-ness creates Bubbles of Evil.
A world full of Taveren just isn't practical or fit with the cannon.
The life expectancy of Ashamen is pretty low.
Most (all) of the OP channelers have some limitation. I just don't think it's all that strong.
Aes Sedai have the Three Rules. Damane have the Adame. Ashaman will go crazy. Wise Ones are the masters of dreams but lack refined knowledge of the OP. Windmistresses are masters of the large weaves but also lack refined knowledge of the OP. Wisdoms have no training. The Kin have a stockpile of terangreal but never completed Aes Sedai training.
So yes, in theory, you could build some limitations into all of these groups. But again, that's only practical when it's channeler versus channeler.
Even a lowly Kin or Wise One could wrap up a sword wielder in weaves to defeat him.
3. Screw cannon, make WoW. This is I'm afraid almost certainly the choice they'll take.
That's exactly what they will do.
- May 25, 2010 at 8:23 AM
- Dagda said...
My take on the balance bit draws on my experiences with tabletop rpg design, which can face many of the same questions.
In the end, the answer's pretty simple. If characters of type A are unquestionably more powerful than characters of types B, C, and D in a given context, then you can expand the context of the game to include aspects of the game/world where character type A is at a disadvantage. Some simple examples for Star Wars could include Leadership, Espionage, and Trading. Instead of Jedi (who dominate in combat while being moderately capable in other areas through alternative applications of their core abilities), characters can play master infiltrators (who can uncover valuable secrets, sabotage technology and evade detection), skilled commanders (whose NPC followers stand ready to assist), and so on. Things get a little trickier in MMOs, because you want to allow each player access to all kinds of gameplay (whereas tabletop RPG players usually welcome a setup that limits their focus to one or two sections of the rules), but it's far from an insurmountable challenge.
- May 25, 2010 at 10:54 AM
- tim said...
The Codex Alera is a series that would also make a good MMO. Basically everybody can wield the universe's form of magic. In fact, the hero of the book series is the only human being who can't.
- May 25, 2010 at 10:29 PM
- jm said...
That's the best question I've read in a while. The problem with the Circle of Time is that it is more of a homage than a groundbreaking concept. The first things you'll hear is how it's "stealing" from other games' lore.
But it doesn't matter; because the game should be a good mix. The structure of the series (and I'll admit I'm only on the fourth book) is the most well-made of any multiple series I've read (Gave up on Chung Kuo on Boox 7).
But as long as the game is "loosely" based on the book, it should be do-able. Remember, for every 10 people who insist on watching the movie after reading the book, you'll find one who REFUSES to watch the movie as it will ruin the book memory. More and more you're finding that happening with games,too. Whether or not that's a good thing I don't know.
- May 30, 2010 at 6:47 AM
- heartlessgamer said...
Not sure how much you've followed Brandon Sanderson, but he believes in creating very technical magic systems and "thinking it out long term". Therefore his books naturally feel like they'd fit into a game as the systems involved are being balanced in his head and are more practical than a lot of other fantasy magic systems.
Elantris for example had a really simple concept for magic that would make complete sense in an MMO for the Wii (read the book to figure it out) :P
- July 21, 2010 at 11:02 AM


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The week-to-week missions may vary in quality, but the master-plotting stands to be awesome.


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A major electronic component distributor suddenly realized that there is a huge market in the hackers and DIY community and founded a subcompany called element-14 to deal with those guys.
To get themselfes known they talked to the right people and these people had the right ideas.. and now there is a hackerspace challenge.
Many hackerspaces worldwide were contacted and asked to participate.
Every hackerspace gets USD 900.- in budget free to use and there will be a finale where the 3 winning teams will earn prizes..
The hackerspaces got 6 weeks to design something that has a microcontroller and a portable powersource inside and can be used for education.
We will contribute to the project with our own device, progress, details links aso will be documentated in various places on the Internet, foremost here in the wiki but also at the element-14 community website.
This is a kind of competition but i am really not a big fan of competition so i see it as a chance to make the world a better place and contribute to education today.
See also http://hsc2011.soup.io for fresh updates / work in progress.
Merge content below with those subpages:
Project "EDUBUZZER"
Goals / Features
- electronic "RAISE YOUR HANDS" mode
- question from teacher
- i think i know the answer so i press a button
- random generator picks who is to answer / can be overridden
- could be used for statistics on participation, and which kids need more integration based on statistics
- enable to vote on a topic without raising your hand in front of the class which ultimately leads to a more honest voting behaviour
- enables vote mechanisms that are hard to do with paper like multiple choices and ratings on preferred solutions as in "I'd like option A but if we don't get enough votes for that, option B would be my second favourite."
- teams of pupils can be chosen by a random generator this would take the social stress off the teacher as in "i dont want to be in a group with this guy.." "..the computer has chosen ist fair"
- games would be possible where groups compete and if a group performs better it has to let a member go into another group
- also the opposite is possible where the best performing group gets new members..
- if a pupil doesnt know the answer he could "ask the audience" and the kids could press what they think is the right answer..
- this will probably not be in version 0.1 as it needs a lot of work that is unrealistic to be implemented with the very short deadline of 2 months
- teacher should be able to have a live on-stage test where the kids can answer questions with multiple choice pushbutton modes
- multiple choice tests are not very common in europe so we need to spend research on this subject
- maybe something like the werewolf game
- the remote choses who is the wolf and the others have to find out who it is by talking to each other on a round based system
- multiple stations are layed out around the classroom
- students go from station to station, plug in their ibutton, push a button to put in their solution to the quest presented at this station, go to next station
- Radiochip
- Idea: For prototyping, it might be better to use a ZigBee (e.g. XBee) -> more robust comms, easier firmware, standard compontents. More expensive per device (>40€ per student, probably too much for an average school), but this is just prototyping.
- Alternative: RFM12, 3-6€ per device, no adhoc-network, probably problems with two devices sending at the same time.
- 9V battery, later a lipo pack
- 4 buttons
- 5 RGB leds
- iButton reader
- Arduino
- Shield
- USBhub+usbstick for software
- firmware for the basestation
- firmware for the edubuzzer
- dummy edubuzzer emulator for host software development
- host software portable! maybe QT ? maybe a local server (java?) + webfrontend?
- HTML/JS webapp running on teacher's laptop (see Frontend)
- Frontend specification see HSC2011/FrontendWireframes
- HTML/JS webapp running on teacher's laptop
- easy to manufacture
- laser + acryl or similar
- needs a prototype made from playdoh for production first :)
What are the benefits, what is completely new?
- realtime statistics for the teacher
- competition between teachers
- fair choice by random generator or some clever algorithm instead of the teacher always picking the same guys
- not being bullied for being a smartass for raising your hand all the time
- not being bullied for NOT raising your hand very often..
Things to think about in later versions
- accupack
- buzzers stick together by magnets so no suitcase is needed
- all buzzers can be charged at once when together by magnets
- loader in a suitcase hat can be connected to a walloutlet
- optional plugable parts (keyboards,mice..)
- countdown when answering a question
- optical/accoustic/vibration feedback


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U.S. News & World Report, a provider of education rankings and advice for more than 30 years, recently named eight Colorado Technical University (CTU) online degree programs to its prestigious 2018 list of Best Online Programs.
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Accrediting organizations set the academic standards by which their member institutions must comply. This quality assurance process is performed by private membership associations. Colorado Technical University has programmatic accreditations from many organizations.
How Could an Internship Benefit Me?
If you're an adult learner, transitioning from a military career, or re-launching a career after a hiatus, you may think you're not a good candidate for an internship opportunity. That may not be the case. Just like any other student, you may benefit from internships that are related to your intended career.
Get Your Résumé Up to Date
One day, you'll be ready to send out your résumé to apply for an internship, a promotion at your current company, or to enter a new industry. Make sure your résumé is as ready as you are. Employers sort through piles of résumés (often electronically). Many résumés can go unnoticed because of dull formatting or lack of obvious achievements, or they can end up in the recycling bin because of easily avoidable mistakes or inappropriate information. So take the time and update your résumé when you're looking for a new job.
Personal Stories
Each student and instructor has a story. Get to know some of your instructors and fellow students at CTU through their personal stories below.
Overcoming Obstacles: How a CTU Commercial Reinvigorated A Student's Passion to Learn
Kelly Smith's story of rebirth, hope, and passion is nothing short of amazing. And the magical moment that her new life began happened as she sat on the couch at home in southwest Louisiana and watched a television commercial about Colorado Technical University. Read more
A Teacher First: A Conversation with Dr. Richard Fairley
Every year, the Nancy Mead Award for Excellence in Software Engineering Education is given to one teacher who has demonstrated a history of achievement in the field. CTU is proud to announce that one of our faculty members, Dr. Richard Fairley,received the honor for 2016.
McDonald's Employee Enjoys Success at CTU
Colorado Technical University student, Brenda Davis, of Mesa, Arizona, started working at McDonald's when she was 16 years old. "I took the job at McDonald's only intending to work there for the summer, but I never left," said Davis. Twenty-one years later, she's still there. Read her success story.
Overcoming Adversity: The Unforgettable Story Of Nadia Marquez
Nadia Najat Marquez's academic journey at CTU began with a phone call, but her life before that moment was defined by a series of hardships that has only strengthened her resolve. Nadia is of half-Navajo descent and grew up in the Four Corners region of New Mexico. As a teenager, she was taken out of public high school because of a debilitating heart condition. Nadia still managed to complete her homeschooling and graduate at the age of 16 — a full two years early.
Mother and Caregiver Receives CTU's Wounded Warrior Scholarship
When Deborah Fletcher's daughter was injured in a military vehicular accident as a Marine, Fletcher dropped everything to become a full-time caregiver. She quit her job in the catering field and focused on helping her daughter adapt to the mental and physical challenges that lay ahead. Little did Fletcher know that this experience would lead to a new direction in her own life — earning a college degree as a student at Colorado Technical University.
Program details are provided after the form.
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- Learn about specific degree programs


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From NWF Daily News: http://www.nwfdailynews.com/military/top-story/from-women-in-the-squadron-to-team-players-gallery-1.235489
HURLBURT FIELD — Two decades ago, a young woman walked into an Air Force hangar braced for battle.
In April 1993, the Air
Force removed its restrictions on allowing women to join air crews
flying combat missions. The door of an AC-130 gunship was opened to
women and Airman Kristen Kelley walked through.
The Defense Department wouldn't lift its ban on women serving in combat until earlier this year.
As the first woman to join
a special operations combat flight crew, Kelley was training to become a
loadmaster when she arrived at Hurlburt Field that fall.
At the time, that job — and all combat flying — was reserved for men.
Today, more than 930 women
in the Air Force have combat flying hours on all types of aircraft,
from gunships to bombers to fighter jets, according to the Air Force
Personnel Center.
Of the 300 people in the AC-130's 4th Special Operations Squadron at
Hurlburt where Kelley was the sole woman 20 years ago, the number of
women now fluctuates between 15 and 30, said Lt. Col. Meghan Ripple, the
squadron's operations director. In two decades, women have gone from
zero to about 10 percent of the squadron.
AC-130 gunships provide
close air support to troops on the ground during combat. Women have
taken on every role in the 13-person gunship crew, including loading
55-pound munitions into guns for attack and firing the weapons.
Most notably, though,
women are no longer looked at as the "women in the squadron," but simply
as other team players, said the 37-year-old Ripple, who became the
first gunship pilot in the United States when she arrived at the
squadron in 2000.
At that time, there were
only two women, a fact of which everyone was keenly aware. In contrast,
for this story, Ripple said they had to stop and actually count the
number of women.
"I kind of forget what a
minority we are," said Capt. Krista Miller, a 26-year-old AC-130 pilot
who arrived at Hurlburt almost two years ago.
"People can normally
recognize our voice on the radio if we're all talking at once, but
besides that nothing really makes us stand out," she said.
Regardless of their
gender, the crew members have one goal — to serve the mission, said
Capt. Sarah Eaghon, a 29-year-old navigator.
"Our sole job is getting guys home. We're making sure they are going
to be able to see their families again," Eaghon said. "We're just as
good as any of the guys here. We're capable of doing that job well."
Miller and Eaghon said
their friends and family weren't surprised when they wanted to fly in
combat. Eaghon's grandmother got her pilot's license before her driver's
license, and had always encouraged her granddaughter to push boundaries
to accomplish anything she wanted.
The rest of the military
seems to be catching up with the Air Force, but the first women on
gunship crews were the real pioneers, Eaghon said.
"They left us big shoes to fill."
Unfortunately, Kelley passed away last year, Ripple said.
"She certainly left us a great legacy," she said.


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Double LOEFFLER Bag Maroon RANDALL Body Cross Pouch HC4qwx
2 Items
Falk 3-Piece Classical Line Copper Saucepan Set
As low as $588.75 was $785.00
Falk 3-Piece Signature Line Copper Saucepan Set
As low as $588.75 was $785.00
2 Items
All of our copper sauce pan sets are constructed of the finest quality and craftsmanship. Each pan, unless otherwise indicated, is constructed of 2.5mm bimetal which consists of 2.3mm of copper permanently bonded to 200 microns of fine austenitic stainless steel. Each copper pan has a brushed finish and satin cooking surface for beauty and ease of maintenance. Product pages include both metric and imperial measurements for your convenience.


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SCHLADMING, Austria—Lindsey Vonn may want to set an earlier date for her return from a knee injury.
The International Ski Federation announced next season's women's World Cup schedule on Tuesday. It includes a notable change from the preliminary calendar: Races in Beaver Creek, Colo., have been moved up from mid-December to Nov. 29-Dec. 1—Thanksgiving weekend in the United States.
The program near Vonn's town of Vail includes the super-G, downhill and giant slalom races.
Vail-Beaver Creek also will host the 2015 world championships.
After a season-ending crash last week at the world championships in Austria, Vonn told her coaches she wanted to be back for next season's speed races in Lake Louise, Alberta, which now come the weekend after her home events in Colorado.


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Availability: In stock
Your lil sailor is going to love this nautical inspired collection. Navy and sky blue, slate, white and cream combine beautifully for a balanced and harmonious blending of unique fabrics. The adorable fish are actually embroidered (not printed) on cream ground. The fish are richly detailed and a fine example of high quality materials with added durability. The stripe is lightly textured seersucker and the white fabric is soft velvet. Bumper, quilt and rail guards are trimmed with silver corded piping. Quilt back is super soft cream fabric. Bumper ties are shell gray grosgrain ribbon. Fish Tales tend to get better with the telling, but this one lives up to the story ...the one that didn't get away! Hand made in the USA for quality, comfort and design you can count on.
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Will the NBA Draft Be Expanded to Three Rounds?
The NBA may be in lockout mode, but that doesn't mean league activities have stopped. Owners have proposed adding a third round to the annual draft, which could lead to even more sweeping changes to the annual event, according to SheridanHoops.com. The goal is to create a more competitive balance of power across the league.
One proposal would keep the entire first round to the league's bottom half of teams, pushing the better franchises into the second round. Another proposal would give the league's worst eight teams additional first round picks.The third round of the draft was abolished in 1989 when the league moved to the current two-round format. Some people are ecstatic about this plan, which could really make a difference in helping the bottom teams crawl out of the cellar. But it could also create more problems and accusations that teams are tanking games toward the ends of seasons as they eye valuable first round picks.


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We updated our broadcast console today to allow you to broadcast in even higher quality. Even from a standard webcam, you'll see an improved picture quality at the same bitrates.
Before After
Now here's the geeky stuff….
Up until now, due to the limitations of Adobe's Flash plugin, our web-based broadcast console was using the H.263 video compression codec, which was standard in previous versions of Flash.
Now with the release of Adobe Flash Player 11, broadcasts done via the Ustream web Broadcast Console will be encoded in H.264, which is a more advanced and better-looking codec. We're already using H.264 in Producer and we're excited to be able to offer this higher quality via your browser as well.
You can read all about it here in case you want to get really geeky.
In order to take advantage of this new development, you need to install the latest version of Flash.
If you have an older version of Flash, you can still broadcast, but it will be using H.263, so we recommend you upgrade as soon as possible to improve your broadcast quality.
Visit Ustream to try out the new and improved quality.
Happy streaming!
-Alden Fertig, Product Manager, Broadcasting


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WebSpy - SoHo needed a new other design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 49 designs submitted by 12 freelance designers.
WebSpy SoHo – Home & Small Network Dashboard
WebSpy is a leading software developer of monitoring, analysis and reporting software for Internet, Email and Network usage.
In a near future we will add another product to our WebSpy portfolio. The product's name is "SoHo" and it shows user the current and total Internet and network activity on a PC or a network.
When the Internet connection is slow, people want to know why. They're not necessarily technical, but want to know what each PC on the network is up to. Is their network being over used?
SoHo will provide a cost effective and easy way for home users and small business to find out which computers are using the most Internet bandwidth, how much of their Internet quota has been used and by which PC, and it will also provide alerts when unknown machines are detected on their network.
SoHo will be targeted towards home users and small businesses running a network with between 1-15 computers, that would like to monitor the Internet usage of each PC on that network.
We're bored of regular looking software applications and want to create something vibrant and fresh that is a joy to look at and use.
The application consists of bar charts, line charts, pie charts and speedo charts all displaying either real-time or historical information about the traffic from each computer on your network. Each chart has some configuration options accessed via fly-in/slide-in panels.
We imagine the interface will have a darker background colour and colorful charts (think Tweetdeck & Adobe Lightroom), but we will also accept designs with light backgrounds as long as the overall appeal of the application is attractive and funky.
Checkout our rough balsamiq mock-ups here:
We want to see these concepts come to life with experiments in colour, translucency, borders, and even layout if your design calls for things to be moved around.
Unfortunately these mock-ups only show two items in the top two charts (a limitation in balsamiq mockup software). We would like to see deigns showing more than two items (the software will support up to 15).
We will provide quick and constant feedback so don't hesitate upload your initial designs asap.
Good Luck!


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25 Mar Medellin v. Texas: Another Set of Early Thoughts
As lead counsel on the scholars' amicus brief in support of Texas, I am not entirely unbiased here. But when one can get scholars with as diverse views of executive power as John Yoo and Erwin Chemerinsky to sign on to a brief arguing that the President has gone too far, it shouldn't be entirely surprising to find that the Court agrees. Here are some early thoughts on the opinions:
1. This opinion certainly gives aid and comfort to those who have argued for a general presumption that treaties are not self-executing, although it might be a stretch to say it holds as much. The Chief's majority opinion does strongly reject the dissenters' opposite presumption, and that is important in itself. But keep in mind that the Chief carefully distinguishes between the different ways that treaties may or may not be self-executing. The Vienna Convention is plainly self-executing in that it binds the Houston police to give warnings without further implementing legislation, and it may be self-executing in the sense that individuals can assert violations on their own in court (the Court doesn't decide). What the Court rejects is that the ICJ's judgments under the treaty are self-executing in the sense of being directly enforceable in domestic courts. But Medellin was on unusually weak ground here to argue otherwise, given that the Executive had taken the position that such judgments are not self-executing, and both the Executive and the Court (in Sanchez-Llamas) were on record that the judgment to be enforced was incorrect on the merits. These things are going to have to be fought out treaty by treaty, which is probably the right result.
2. The presidential power holding, although it takes a back seat to the self-execution holding in the majority opinion, may be more sweeping in at least one sense. The Court holds pretty categorically that the President lacks power unilaterally to execute a treaty that is otherwise non-self-executing. In fact, the Court says that a determination that the treaty is non-self-executing means that Congress has implicitly disapproved actions to execute the treaty, placing presidential actions to execute it in Category 3, not 2, under Youngstown. Given the broad and amorphous nature of many of the non-self-executing treaties to which we are parties—think of some of the more open-ended trade or human rights instruments—a contrary holding would have been a broad grant of power to the President indeed.
3. The majority also takes what seems to be a major bite out of the sole executive agreement cases like Garamendi, Dames & Moore, and (looking further back) Pink and Belmont. Chief Justice Roberts says that these cases "involve a narrow set of circumstances" concerning the settlement of claims against foreign nations. It will be harder, in future, to cite Garamendi and Dames & Moore for open-ended presidential authority to create binding federal law by sole executive agreements without congressional action.
4. The internationalism of Justice Breyer's dissent is really quite striking, as is the extent to which this case replicates the usual left-right split on the Court. (Justice Stevens concurs in the result, but his heart seems to be with the other liberals in dissent.) I think that's unfortunate. The legal question dividing the Court in Medellin concerned the domestic effect of international law, and the allocation of authority between domestic and supranational courts. That should be a left-right issue only on the most cynical view of international law, which is that it provides a vehicle to achieve more liberal results on issues like the death penalty than the domestic political consensus would otherwise stand for. But even if we take that view, the truth is that both liberals and conservatives have things to gain and things to fear from increasing or decreasing the influence of international law and institutions in the domestic legal system. Free market conservatives may approve (and liberals disapprove) of decisions by supranational trade tribunals rejecting local environmental or labor laws, for instance. Reasonable people can differ about the extent to which we should open up the domestic legal system to international law and courts, but they should not differ on the traditional left-right grounds.


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The Happy Whistler
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The Happy Whistler by Dennis Armitage. For oboe and piano. Grade 2+. Published by Editions Marc Reift (MA.EMR-19916).
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NYPD Commissioner Blasts NSA Secret Monitoring For Being Secret
from the half-right dept
In the wake of the NSA scandal leaks, there have been several examples of government officials and law enforcement coming out to state both that the program is necessary and that its existence ought never have been revealed. Those who espouse the latter often indicate that, as a result, Edward Snowden is some measure of a traitor, and in some cases so are members of the press that reported on the revelations. Not all former and current government folks are in that camp, of course, but those that are not typically argue the polar opposite: that the NSA program is either unconstitutional or unnecessary. Those are sentiments I happen to agree with, but there is a refreshingly original third course of thought.
That comes from NYPD police commissioner Ray Kelly, who has managed to blast the secret NSA program...but only for being secret.
"I don't think it ever should have been made secret," Kelly said yesterday, breaking ranks with other US law-enforcement officials. "I think the American public can accept the fact if you tell them that every time you pick up the phone, it's going to be recorded and it goes to the government. I think the public can understand that. I see no reason why that program was placed in the secret category. Secondly, I think if you listen to Snowden, he indicates that there's some sort of malfeasance, people . . . sitting around and watching the data. So I think the question is: What sort of oversight is there inside the [National Security Agency] to prevent that abuse, if it's taking place?"Now, the easy reaction to this is to write off Kelly's opinion that the majority of Americans would be okay with data surveillance as long as we were well informed about it. After all, stop and frisk is fairly above board, and people still hate it. But the point is an important one with real implications on how democracy is supposed to work versus how it actually does work in America today.
By that I mean whether secretive programs run by the government that impact the majority or all of Americans can be undertaken without the consent of the governed. Step back a moment from Kelly's assertion that the public would be on board with the program if we had known about it all along. Isn't the better point to be taken from his statement that we should at least have been given the opportunity to find out? As a member of a representative democracy, if my fellow Americans were indeed informed and signed off on this program, I have to accept it, whatever my dissenting views. If the government was above board on the checks and balances in the program, they might have a good PR case. But that process was never given a chance to incubate. Instead, broadly worded, vague legislation birthed secretive policies, subject to secretive committees and secretive courts, and it was only by the providence of a humanitarian leaker that the public had any inkling of what was going on. That isn't how the American concept is supposed to function.
And now we'll never know whether Kelly is right or not, because the experiment that could have occurred has been foiled. Any complacency by the public now can be written off as apathy born of anger and mistrust. Any dissent is tainted by the same as a result of the secrecy of the program. The method by which the NSA spy program was both initiated, continued, and finally revealed is almost a perfect counter example to the democratic process. I fear that our founding fathers, those men of the enlightenment so often referenced by the career politicians of the day, would be calling for revolution once more.
Filed Under: nsa, nsa surveillance, nypd, ray kelly, secrecy, transparency


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DVBSky S952
DVB-S/S2 PCIe card from DVBSKy
- Dual/Twin Tuner input
- PCIe x1
- Low power
- External Power by PCI Express 6-Position Power Connector
Components Used
- RF: Montage M88TS2020
- Demodulator: 2nd generation Montage M88DS3103
- PCIe Bridge: Conexant CX23885
Officially here, with firmware : http://www.dvbsky.net/Support.html
- You have an howto in french here for debian :
- and an active mailling list from a reseller here :
- For users preferring minimally-intrusive kernel tree patching + recompile over installing separate V4L (as second approach is potentially risk if You have other tuners in system which are not covered by media build V4L instance) here are patches for 3.3.x & 3.5.x kernels
- For Ubuntu users ( 12.04 ) and mythtv ( 0.25.2 ) : The latest driver from dvbsky ( 120728 ) seems to work ( no extensive tests done, please for those interested, update this page !) with a patch to apply ( can be found here : http://patchwork.linuxtv.org/patch/13563/ ), unfortunatly with a side effect on some other drivers, for example, an a dib7000, it is impossible to lock some multiplex while others have no problem. So far the only solution with no side effects detected is to use the old driver from dvbsky, media_build-3.3.x.tar.gz, with the patch.
Update Oct 30th 2012: no more patching seems necessary, see further note below
The driver seems to have some configuration issues: http://code.mythtv.org/trac/ticket/10830
Update Oct 30th 2012: Driver media_build_bst-121013.tar.gz http://www.dvbsky.net/download/media_build_bst-121013.tar.gz seems to work out of the box without this issue (MythBuntu 12.04, mythtv 0.25), no more patching necessary. If someone else could confirm this please, so this warning can be removed.
Also reported problem with openelec
The card needs a power supply other than the one provided by the PCIe, so there is a plug on the card. It can not work if not connected.
If configured properly, card works really well under MythTV 0.25.2 & Unicable. ( more context needed )
- dvb-fe-ds3103.fw


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Wales 12-14 Australia, December 1
Beale stuns Wales with last-gasp try
December 1, 2012
Australia's Kurtley Beale dives over to score the match-winning try
© PA Photos
Match Analysis by ESPNscrum
Wales were condemned to an autumn series whitewash as they lost 14-12 to the Wallabies after Australia fly-half Kurtley Beale broke their hearts at the Millennium Stadium.
Beale scored a try with 26 seconds left to deny Wales victory and drop them outside the world's top eight teams ahead of the 2015 Rugby World Cup pool draw in London on Monday. Leigh Halfpenny looked as though he had done enough in terms of claiming a priceless victory with four penalties, but Beale, who had earlier claimed a penalty hat-trick had other ideas. Wales have now lost seven Tests in succession, eight on the bounce to Australia and they will be a tier three nation for the World Cup draw, potentially meaning a group of punishing proportions.
Wales produced their best display of the autumn in head coach Warren Gatland's last game at the helm before he begins full-time preparations for heading up next summer's British and Irish Lions tour to Australia. And his players almost did enough to give him a quality send-off, but they could not keep Beale quiet during the frantic closing stages, with the game ending when Halfpenny was carried away on a stretcher before Wallabies skipper Nathan Sharpe attempted the final conversion in his last game before retirement.
Several Wales players stepped up to the mark, including Halfpenny, centre Jamie Roberts and fly-half Rhys Priestland, who had his best game of a calendar year that had mostly seen him struggle for confidence.
The overwhelming majority of a 58,000 crowd were not bothered by what had been a tryless affair until the final seconds. Today was all about Wales rediscovering a winning formula, and they went agonisingly close to achieving it.
Wales, under interim head coach Rob Howley's direction, will begin their Six Nations title defence against Ireland in Cardiff on February 2, and it is a game that they can now at least look forward to with confidence, despite the Wallabies loss.
Wales suffered a second-row injury blow inside two minutes against New Zealand last weekend when Bradley Davies was floored off the ball by All Blacks hooker Andrew Hore. This time around, it was barely three minutes before a lock needed treatment. Luke Charteris took a hefty blow to his shoulder and head while attempting a tackle on Wallabies flanker Scott Higginbotham, and Ryan Jones took over from the Perpignan forward, who was helped off before returning shortly afterwards. Beale, meanwhile, missed an early penalty chance for the visitors, and it took Wales almost eight minutes to relieve pressure in or around their own 22.
Wales finally stirred when they ambitiously ran the ball from behind their own line and wing Alex Cuthbert sprinted 60 metres before he was tackled into touch by Wallabies full-back Berrick Barnes. Even though their sense of adventure had been suppressed by Barnes' quality defensive work, Wales at least looked in the mood to produce some quality attacking rugby.
Beale, though, booted a 50-metre penalty to open the scoring, before Halfpenny struck an equalising kick from two metres inside his own half. It meant ended the opening quarter ended 3-3, but Wales continued to increase the tempo following an uncertain beginning, and Halfpenny's second successful penalty rewarded rewarded impressive work by a pumped-up pack.
Halfpenny, comfortably Wales' most consistent player of the autumn, then ran aggressively from deep to set up a scoring chance. His kick into space bounced behind Australia's line, but Wallabies number eight Wycliff Palu just nudged out Wales captain Sam Warburton in a desperate scramble for the ball.
Australia responded to that hairline escape when another long-range Beale penalty tied it up at 6-6 as both sides continued sparring away at each other in search of an opening. Palu was then fortunate to escape a yellow card after a high tackle on Wales hooker Matthew Rees, and the home side continued to look most likely in terms of breaking the try deadlock. But a third Beale penalty put Australia three points in front after Roberts was punished for not rolling away in the tackle, and Halfpenny missed a penalty with the half's final kick.
Charteris failed to appear for the second period, with Jones going on as a permanent replacement and Aaron Shingler moving up to second-row duties that he filled so impressively last weekend. Australia looked to move possession wide early in the second period, and Wales were stretched at times. They also needed Lady Luck on their side when Barnes ignored a three-man attacking overlap by kicking instead.
A third Halfpenny strike tied the game up again after 54 minutes, and then he restored Wales' advantage six minutes later to set up an intriguing finale. From then on, it was a case of Wales attempting to close down the game and give Gatland only his second victory against Australia, New Zealand or South Africa in 21 Tests since he took charge five years ago. But it was not to be as Australia celebrated and Wales once again were left wondering what might have been.
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
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Private Yellowstone Tour
- 기간: 7 시 (대략)
- 위치: Bozeman, Montana
This is like our Deluxe Private Yellowstone Tour, but without us providing transportation, lunches, snacks and beverages. Our guide joins you in your vehicle. You do the driving and pay for gas. You bring your own picnic lunches and drinks.This tour includes:
- An expert Yellowstone guide
- A cooler with ice for packing your picnic lunches into
- We bring a spotting scope and multiple pairs of binoculars for the group
- You can plan to do a day of sightseeing, a full day of hiking, or a combination of the two.
- Your tour is for up to seven hours together in Yellowstone.
You just need a vehicle with space to carry one extra passenger.
Possible Extras
Additional vehicles: We find that having all guests in one vehicle is the best way to get the most out of your guide. But if there needs to be an additional vehicle because of your group size or other logistics, there is a $100 charge for each "tag-along" car.
Meeting you in the park: Our pricing is for guests who we meet outside the park. With the exception of meeting guests at the Mammoth area, there is a $150 surcharge to meet guests who are staying within Yellowstone National Park.
Some Planning Ideas
Upgrading to the DELUXE Private Yellowstone Tour: We feel strongly that the best value for guests is our DELUXE Private Yellowstone Tour, as it allows you to fully relax and enjoy the day – without packing lunches, buying the gas, or doing a lot of driving in unfamiliar territory. Many guests have commented at the end of a DELUXE tour day that they were happy that they'd chosen it, so that we did all the driving and they could just take in the views. And the fact is, our guides prefer guiding the DELUXE tours as well. It's for this reason that you may not see availability of this Private tour until just a few weeks prior to your tour day. We prefer to fill our guiding days with the DELUXE tour and only open up availability for this tour as we get close to the tour date.
Multiple days of touring: Some of our guests book us for two or more days during their stay. This is a great plan if you really want to see the whole park or get into more depth than what we can do in just one day together. It's also for you if you want to do it all - see the major sites and get out and do a day hike into the backcountry, for example. If you book two or more days of DELUXE Private Yellowstone Tours with us, the second day and any subsequent days will be at a $50 discount! (Sorry, the Private tour is not discounted.)
When to do your tour: We suggest doing your Yellowstone tour early in your visit to the area. Many people find that one day's not enough, and they plan more time in the park later in their stay, either with us or on their own. If you do plan to go back to the park on your own, your guide will be happy to make suggestions of what to do!
Where we meet and when we meet: We meet right at your lodging or at a convenient location along your route to the park, anywhere from Bozeman and Livingston, Montana south to the park entrances at West Yellowstone and Gardiner. We can also meet you in the park if you are using park lodging. Meeting location, timing & logistics will be provided by e-mail in your tour confirmation that you will receive shortly after booking.