text:
AMD FX-6200 CPU Review: A Small Bulldozer Refresh
More MHz for the Masses
AMD has had a rough time of it lately when it comes to CPUs. Early last year when we saw the performance of the low power Bobcat architecture, we thought 2011 would be a breakout year for AMD. Bulldozer was on the horizon and it promised performance a step above what Intel could offer. This harkened back to the heady days of the original Athlon and Athlon 64 where AMD held a performance advantage over all of Intel's parts. On the graphics side AMD had just released the 6000 series of chips, all of which came close in performance to NVIDIA's Fermi architecture, but had a decided advantage in terms of die size and power consumption. Then the doubts started to roll in around the April timeframe. Whispers hinted that Bulldozer was delayed, and not only was it delayed it was not meeting performance expectations.
The introduction of the first Llano products did not help things. The "improved" CPU performance was less than expected, even though the GPU portion was class leading. The manufacturing issues we saw with Llano did not bode well for AMD or the upcoming Bulldozer products. GLOBALFOUNDRIES was simply not able to achieve good yields on these new 32 nm products. Then of course the hammer struck. Bulldozer was released, well behind schedule, and with performance that barely rose above that of the previous Phenom II series of chips. The top end FX-8150 was competitive with the previous Phenom II X6 1100T, but it paled in comparison to the Intel i7 2600 which was right around the same price range.
Perhaps the biggest disappointment for many users was the launch of the FX-6100. This chip originally sparked a lot of interest as it was a 3 module/6 core product with a 95 watt TDP for under $200 that promised to be something of a budget enthusiast's dream. When performance figures came out, the chip did not hold up to the lofty expectations held by users. At a stock 3.3 GHz, it was simply outclassed by products such as the i5 2500 and 2500K variants, which were again in the same price range. Even though the processor had a maximum Turbo Core of 3.9 GHz, it just could not keep up in most applications with the smaller and less power hungry Intel Sandy Bridge based products.
Hope springs eternal though, and when news leaked out that AMD would be introducing refreshes for the FX-4000 and FX-6000 chips people were expecting there to be an improvement in thermals and perhaps even a minor revision update to the design. The chatter turned to potential per clock improvements, better overclocking headroom, and a couple of products under $200 that could hold their own against Intel's mighty Sandy Bridge. Then the actual details came out. These chips were of the same revision as the previous parts, and the speed increase they saw was due to the TDP ceiling being raised from 95 watts up to 125 watts. Still, there was hope that these products could more than hold its own against the i3 and i5 in the same price range. Does the FX-6200 succeed? I guess we are about to find out.
The FX-6200
Ryan and I have covered the Bulldozer architecture in previous articles, so I will not go over the finer details here. I will discuss some of the basics of the chip and the architecture.
The FX-6200 is based off of the same Bulldozer revision as the previous FX series of parts that was released last October. There may have been some minor changes along the way, but they would have more to do with manufacturing rather than any kind of base silicon or extreme metal layer change. The product is still built by GLOBALFOUNDRIES on their 32 nm HKMG SOI process. The chip is a native 4 module/8 core product, but one of the modules has been fused off and is unavailable for unlocking. This leaves 3 modules/6 cores for the processor to work with. Each module features 2 MB of L2 cache to be shared between the two integer units and the single FPU/MMX/SSE/AVX unit, for a total of 6 MB of L2 for the entire CPU. The L3 features the full 8 MB of cache that is available on fully enabled CPUs.
The full meal deal of a retail/boxed processor. The 3 year warranty and heatsink/fan are likely worth it to most users.
The base clock is now set at 3.8 GHz, which is faster than the 3.6 GHz stock clock for the FX-8150. To achieve this clock AMD raised the TDP to 125 watts, which is up from the 95 watts of the FX-6100. The max Turbo Core speed of the FX-6200 is 4.1 GHz. AMD did raise the Northbridge/L3 cache speed on the FX-6200, and it runs at 2.2 GHz rather than the 2.0 GHz that the FX-6100 was set to. The memory controller is heavily revised from the previous Phenom II generation of parts, and it can handle official speeds up to DDR-3 1866 MHz.
The retail package comes with a pretty hefty heatsink and fan combination that should be able to handle the extra thermal load that the 125 watt CPU provides. The CPU has a standard 3 year warranty for the boxed version, while a tray chip has a 30 day warranty. The boxed product retails for $169 US, but can often be found cheaper with instant rebates and sales.
The FX processors are all unlocked so it makes them very easy to overclock. Most retail motherboards cover all of the settings needed to increase the multipliers on the CPU and overclock the chip. Success of any overclock is not guaranteed and the choice of motherboard will also directly affect the ability of the chip to reach higher speeds.
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Thanks Ryan for doing this i bet it wasn't that easy to get because i don't thank amd sent these out for people to review. thanks for the review just wish there was at least one intel cpu i the line up. but good job and i know it would lose to probably a i3 too.
Ryan didn't write this...
He didn't say Ryan wrote this, he said Ryan did this, as in making the decision to review this CPU.
Great article, Josh! Thanks.
Its sad to see that AMD just can't seem to catch a break on the processor side. I was really hoping that AMD would be able to push back with this part.(I like to root for the little guy)
I also have to agree that it is pathetic that they cant beat out previous generations, even with a decent overclock. Those were the strangest results to me. If the new processors can't beat out previous generations, maybe don't release it.
If Trinity still can't beat out the X6 I'm going to suggest that they just give up on processors. Or re-release the Phenoms on the smaller process.
Thanks Nil!
Yeah, I wonder what it would take to redo the Phenom IIs at 32 nm. Probably not really worth the effort since Bulldozer is in full production, and is finally yielding good enough to meet demand. Plus Piledriver is almost out.
On the positive side (at least we hope it will be positive), Trinity will be displayed to journalists next week, and I would imagine (though I don't know the timeline) that we will see initial reviews within a month or so. Definitely before Computex. The rumor is that desktop Trinity will be released after that time on the new(ish) FM2 platform.
Vishera is a big question mark as well. I have no clue on that particular timeline... but sooner would be better...
I think it maybe worth it to redo the Phenoms. Judging by benchmarks by everyone, the Phenom architecture looks to be much more promising than what Bulldozer has to provide, and possibly more flexible. Also a die shrink would provide improved thermals, possibly more OC headroom, ect. I think like Intel, AMD needs a kind of fallback architecture similar to the Pentiums. You know something tried and true, so to speak. It maybe worth it.
I appreciate that AMD is trying to rethink everything we know about processors, and innovate again with new ideas like Bulldozer.
On the other hand if the new parts you were betting on aren't up to par, maybe they should think about re-releasing successful architectures, ALONG with the new ones.
I can't help but think of Bulldozer as a beta type architecture, maybe even alpha.
I have not heard of Vishera, is that another entirely new architecture or based off Bulldozer or Piledriver?
Vishera is the AM3+ version of Piledriver. It will give up the integrated graphics portion and likely add L3 cache (Trinity does not have a L3).
The 6100 and 6200 are six cores like the top phenom II's but they were not made to replace them and debuted at much lower cost that the Phenom six cores. They are one of the budget bulldozers (along with the FX 4XXX). Both do however now have higher passmark scores, and they are GREAT buys for the price.
Hey Josh, great review. I think the Euler 3D tests show quite clearly that in certain workloads the Bulldozer modules are simply choked when both cores/module are used. It probably is the scheduler and the FPU that probably are the main bottlenecks, though the high cache latency can't help. It seems the long integer pipe and the high clocks aren't the performance hindrance one may have thought (P4 style)
I'm not very sure the automatic design has anything to do with the lack of performance. Say the routing is 20% larger - this would reflect in die surface - so less profits and more power consumption, but the performance hit would be indirect at best. 20% less performance - this is debatable - I really doubt it means 20% less performance per clock. It probably means some level of common mode or crosstalk that the automatic routing can't detect but an engineer could given enough time - and this probably is translated in 20% less frequency headroom due to parasitic coupling or the chip hits the power ceiling at lower clocks. I just can't see how an under-performing FPU can be blamed on automatic routing tools unless their internal CPU simulators are rubbish (which can be blamed on being under-staffed).
So to conclude my little analysis I would say that even using manual routing the CPU would still have flopped due to starved cores, undersized schedulers and FPU, these are all design decisions. They may have reached 4GHz@95W on all cores, but performance per clock couldn't have been much different.
Can't wait for the Piledriver core, hope it gives the same boost as Deneb over Barcelona.
Good points. I was just sorta going off that conversation another site had with an ex-AMDer who spoke up about the use of automation at AMD for processor design. I guess I was thinking more along the lines of "20% slower" not so much in clockspeed, but in IPC terms. I know that seems somewhat nebulous (and it really is), but when looking at these results... this is really pretty extreme. The FX series are disappointing. Seemingly a poor use of die space and transistor counts to achieve performance that is similar (in pretty much all ways) to the previous generation.
The one thing that I can't really get over is the fact that the Bobcat architecture came out so good. It really was a tremendous product for AMD in 2011. For Bulldozer to come out this way... that just seems really odd.
IT seems that AMD is where Intel was with its P4.
Bulldozer underperforming and overpowered (Watts) just as was the P4. Then Intel looked back at the architecture that worked the, p3, and the rest is history.
Now if AMD can look at their Bobcat architecture and see what it can do on the destkop side.. (ok wishing)... but it seems that history is repeating it self. I personaly would hope that AMD looked back at the Bobcat and not the Phenom II.
Still as you mentioned the chance is next to none since their production is in full swing with the Bulldozer and soon to be Piledriver. Even if then cam get a Sandy Bridge performance out of the Piledriver, I would then stick in the AMD camp.
However some "leaked" Trinity benchmarks are not that promissing. Still as Trinity is L3 deprived, there is still hope that Piledriver AM3+ CPU's can still bring something useful to the consumer table.
In the end, you and the entire PC Per team is amazing. Can't wait for the next Podcast (and here is to wishing that it gets a tad longer) ... Don't go there Josh :P
Yes, it certainly is interesting to see that AMD is at nearly the same place as Intel was with the jump from Northwood to Prescott. Double the complexity, no real improvement in performance, thermals were not real good, and they were harder to make. It took a while for Intel to fix those things, I'm hoping it won't take AMD nearly as long.
Longer podcasts... you mean 1.5 hours of our drivel isn't enough? Yes, I went there...
No... not long enough ... lol....
I'm looking forward more so for "steamroller" for the AM3+ platform. Not official yet but possible.
A lot of AMD forums talk about heat issues with these processors. One thing missing in the above review is its performance with a higer-end cooler installed. Some of the forum participants were able to significantly improve the performance and mitigate some of the increased power consumption via improved cooling of the CPU versus the stock cooler.
I just wish you guys wouldn't trash AMD when they come out with parts that are comparable to Intel at the same price point. I know we all want AMD to really outperform Intel, but then we can't go badmouthing their products when they don't excel, but "merely" deliver.
I don't buy AMD because they are better than Intel, though I wish they were. I buy AMD because I know I'm getting a decent part and it specifically isn't an Intel part. My dislike of Intel goes back to the Pentium 90 I owned that couldn't even do math, we were later to find out. At the time I was fresh into college and my dad paid over $2000 for the total unit when these days thanks the AMD competing with Intel I can make a decent high end desktop at half that price.
Rooting for the underdog means you balance your expectations while understanding that they are an underdog and if they can get a decent part out then you congratulate them for keeping the big dog's nose to the grindstone. While Bulldozer is not stellar, it does compete more or less in it's price point. Bombing their products like this could cost them the place they hold in the market at the moment...
Excuse my negativity please, I am really hoping AMD stays in the market and worried that they may end up doing something else.
That is so true Prestaeus, only because if you install and new computer AMD or Intel parts your are going to have a speedy machine. That is light-years ahead of last gen. If it plays the games you want it to play or encode faster than your last rig, then you did alright! Modern CPUs are great at multitasking so you can do more than one thing at a time. Ive seen AMD products that were playing HD podcast, and encoding Blurays. Also while surfing the web, just as good as my i5. So I don't see any issues with today AMDs products...
Don't get my wrong, I am rooting for AMD as well. Not because I am somehow in love with the company, but rather I feel we need a decent company that can stand (mostly) toe to toe with Intel. I remember back in the mid 90s that Intel's roadmap was amazingly conservative. They were planning in the 1998/99 timeframe of having a Katmai type processor running at 400 MHz max. AMD came along with the Athlon and suddenly we were pushing 800 MHz to 1 GHz in that time frame with much more aggressive parts (and pricing) from Intel.
My analysis and final determination of the product is based on the following factors. The FX-6200 is being offered at around the same price as the 1100T was when it was EOL. So, consumers are getting lower performance for the price as compared to last gen products. The die size of Bulldozer is approximately 315 mm square, which is not far from the 346 mm square of the 1100T. This is for a processor that is based on the 32 nm HKMG/SOI process, and not the older 45 nm that the 1100T is on. A full node die shrink is around 45%, so on 32 nm the 1100T would take up approximately 190 mm square. Bulldozer is obviously much bigger and more complex than that, but performs worse. Finally, the only time the FX-6200 really overcomes the 1100T is when overclocked to 4.5 GHz. At that point the FX product pulls 104 more watts at the wall than the 1100T it barely outpaces.
I want AMD to succeed. I do not expect them to pull a rabbit out of their hat with each generation of product, but I do at least expect them to be relatively competitive with what Intel has. The Phenom II was pretty comparable to what Intel had with the Core 2 Quad series and the later Nehalem based processors. They were very competitive (if not at an advantage to Intel) in price/performance. But Intel moved on with Sandy Bridge, and now the upcoming Ivy Bridge. AMD has frankly been stagnant in what it offers. So, while at $169 the FX-6200 is not a bad processor, when we compare it to the i3 and i5 processors in that price range, it just does not stack up in performance or power consumption. Also, going back to die size, the FX-6200 and FX-4170 dwarf the smaller, cooler, and more efficient Intel products. That is not good for AMD, and it is certainly not good for customers.
So, my point was not to be mean to AMD, or unjustly punish them. My point is that the truth of how it performs and what kind of tradeoffs AMD had to make to get these to market needed to be spotlighted. Yes, we now have more power in our computers that we barely tap into most of the time, but that does not give either AMD or Intel the right to just sell us any old dog. All technology moves forward, and in this case AMD essentially took a step backwards.
I am thinking that this is not news to AMD. The reason why we have seen so few FX based reviews past the original FX-8150 is because AMD just stopped sampling CPUs for review. We had to purchase this CPU ourselves to get the review out. AMD is not pushing AM3+ products, and they are saving their budget and energy for the upcoming Trinity. After next year, there will not be a standalone CPU type socket for AMD, it will all go to APU type products from here on out. AM3+ will get a Piledriver based update, but then it will be phased out next year.
AMD is in trouble, but its troubles are far more than little old me giving the FX-6200 an honest review.
but they arent as good at doing it as the i5 - they're using more power to do it.
Josh one day I will meet you irl and I will rub your bald head, and not in a gay way either... sorry
I will be on the lookout for random head rubbers (not in a gay way).
Excellent article, Josh! I had high hopes for this CPU, so I am a little disappointed with it's performance (I really thought the higher clock speed would give it an edge).
I had originally planned on making a budget computer with this proc at the center of it. Now I need to re-think my plan of action. I wanted to use AMD (not b/c I'm a fanboy, but because I fear AMD won't be making CPUs much longer if they don't get some support from the computer community). I may still make the 6200 the proc, but use it as a learning experience for OCing (something I've never done).
Love the podcast - keep up the great work.
The FX-6200 is not a terrible choice, and if you want to learn how to overclock it is a lot of fun that way.
I agree with you, AMD needs support and people buying their products. I'm hoping Vishera is a bigger leap forward for the company than what I am fearing will actually happen.
I meant to ask previously...how were the temps, especially when you OC'd? Is the beefier CPU cooler sufficient or should I go with an after market cooler?
You know, even when overclocked the temps never really got above 50C. I use an older, but still really beefy, 80 mm unit from Thermalright. XP-80 I think? Regular temps were high 30s to mid 40s otherwise.
I would imagine the regular CPU cooler they include will be sufficient. If you really want to push the raggedy edge, then obviously something more expensive is going to be needed.
I got to see an engineering sample of Trinity APU. The one I saw will represent the desktop A10-5800K model.
Compared to the A8-3870K, the Piledriver-based Trinity needs to be 800Mhz faster in order to just edge out against the Llano based APU.
Clock-for-clock, the K10.5-based Llano APU is better.
It appears AMD didn't really address the fundamental issues with the Bulldozer design in Piledriver. What they did was implement "clock mesh" in order to reduce the power footprint, so that they can aggressively clock up the speeds. (To compensate for the poor clock-for-clock performance!) ...AMD's Bulldozer is analogus to Intel's Pentium 4 in this regard.
On the iGPU side...
Trinity's IGP performance = Llano's IGP + discrete GPU in hybrid Crossfire.
The IGP side is much better. Its a pity the CPU side is still underwhelming.
I don't expect AMD to fix things until at least 2014 or 2015. (More likely the latter.)
I'm going to invest in Intel's Ivy Bridge (haven't upgraded since 2005!), and slap on a mid-range Geforce or Radeon GPU. The Intel IGP will be used if the video card dies! :)
Forgot to add...
I checked AMD's financials. The only thing keeping this company alive is the success of their APU lines. OEMs can't get enough of them!
Bulldozer (FX or Opteron versions) didn't make any serious money for AMD.
Well, at least in the case of Trinity vs. Llano, IPC is not the primary goal I think. The push is obviously better performance per watt. So, if they have improved Piledriver to a decent degree over Bulldozer, and have been able to decrease TDP per clock, then it could still end up being decent.
I saw some benchmarks and it looked like the Trinity product clocked at 3.8 GHz (dual module) was around 15% faster than the 2.9 GHz Llano. So, a 45% increase in clockspeed nets 15% performance increase. At first glance that does seem unappealing. Then again, when we see that 15% base CPU performance increase will likely come with a 35% to 50% increase in graphics performance, then things start looking a little better. Plus all of this is within the same 95w to 100w TDP.
If those numbers hold up, then it will be a nice improvement for AMD on both the CPU and GPU side of the APU as a whole. Sure, we could wish for a greater improvement in IPC then what we are getting, but the design allows for TDPs down to 17w. That is going to be very good for notebooks and ultra-thins.
Very good article Josh and it is indeed dissapointing that the FX series of CPU's cannot match or surpass the Phenom II's in your testing. There does however appear to be plenty of headroom for overclocking which can't all be bad. Vishera series not due until Q3 2012.
Thanks for reading. This was one of those articles that seemed to flow out pretty easily. The results were fascinating for me when I was running all of the tests. I finally was able to grasp where some of the bottlenecks were for Bulldozer and what some of its issues are.
The CPU can clock quite nicely. It was dead simple for me to go to 4.5 GHz with a small voltage increase. I do have good cooling on it, and I probably should jump it up a few notches to see where it peters out. Those are some seriously leaky transistors though.
I think we need to step back and really look at Bulldozer. Intel made a real mess with AVX and FMAC jumping back and forth from three to four operands. Also, I just bought an Opteron 6234 (12 core 2.4GHz) and I had to turn off AVX because it isn't supported by HyperV. If it had come out sooner it would be even worse.
But when you use AVX or XOP, you get MUCH better numbers so it just looks like Intel played fast and loose so AMD would have an incomplete ISA for Win7. It may even take until PD and Win8 to get "real" numbers where the OS is optimized for the CPU.
Bulldozer has things like core parking for Win8 and Win7 doesn't understand the module because it's NOT HyperThreading.
I'm really PO'd that no one is using FMAC yet because Intel changed it several times. It's a shame when a company acts like they do.
Obviously I will be very interested to see the performance of Bulldozer on a fully optimized software platform, but I still think that it has too many bottlenecks in the design overall to really be that good of a performer in most apps. Sure, AVX and FMAC support would show a nice jump, but how nice as compared to Ivy Bridge running the same software? I honestly do not have an answer for you there.
I just purchased this processor and it really is a good processor currently OCed at 4.18 ghz i have this dumb acrylc clear case i thought would be cool just a pain but regardless to air flow is good but with the stock CPU heatsink trying to OC anymore was giving me heat problems so went out yesterday got this nice Heatsink installed everything running cool when i get a chance tonight i will see what this bad boy can do my goal is 4.5-4.7ghz maybe MAYBE try 5.0ghz see if its stable. For the price this Processor is amazing i spent 160$ on it and i can promise you it would keep up with the intel i5 2500k thats prices around 220 for the price its a beast. Runs everything perfect games are clean New betas running amazing Counter-Strike:GO runs perfect same with Diablo 3 BF3 and while i play those games im streaming live, downloading torrents, encoding blurays, web surfing. doing it all and this processor still has alot to give. This is my first AMD processor ever always been an Intel guy nvidia GPU and Intel CPU were always my setups. Saw this deal and couldnt look away and im happy I didnt. Benchmarks yes they do show performace this and that but get youre hands on it and really test it out and you will fall inlove
This is a good cheap alternative now against a i5.
Get a 6100 for 120$ 7.3 WEI, compare at 7.5 I5 2500k.
Over clock @ 4.6Ghz on air and you have an i5 performance for cheap. Spend the difference on a better gfx card and stronger case.
I have a 4170 with a 7970x sli and have had absolutely no issues with gaming at ultra with dual 52'' led tvs. I run @5.2GHZ no issues. H80 Cooler (Runs ok at 6ghz passmark score beats all ivy bridge i5s and i7 2700k at 6ghz)
WEI 7.9 cpu, 7.9 Ram OC 2133, GFX 7.9, HDD 5.9
The high GHZ rating will allow better performance than I7 stock in games. This cpu is easier to overclock and somewhere to start for beginners. However if you spend the money to buy an i5 then a good heat stink odviously that would be better. (just a waste of $)
Of course some hopped to see a much better CPU from AMD, but also some users didn't care very much. Improvements came at last.
I think this is a good step from FX-6100. It achieves higher frequencies but the power consumption at stock speed remains in some limits.
I look behind and I see that Phenom was distilled for about 3 years until the chip Phenom II became very competitive.
I like electronics, and if they pay me, I would like to help AMD with this issue and innovative ideas.


text:
Series Dual Coil 6 Neck
This is a modern design dual coil humbucking pickup.
Pickups like these are usually found on very high end basses. They use Alnico V magnets and the traditional bi-pole layout with two poles per string. It's almost like two Jazz Bass® stlye pickups in one cover.
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The reason we do this is that a pickup that is made to sound good wired parallel will usually be too hot and dark sounding if wires in series. So, we put less wire on a series dual coil than a parallel dual coil.
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Standard string spacing for 6 string is 18mm, center to center, at the bridge.
Also available with Alnico III magnets & for wood covers
Alnico III magnets differ from Alnico V in that they are warmer with a softer character. Think of them like a 60's J style sound taken even further down the warm and fat path. Alnico V by contrast is brighter, cleaner and punchier, and will have a more wiry, stringy character. As another example, we'd recommend Alnico III for fretless or a fat 60's Jaco type thing and Alnico V is great for a modern slap type thing or an R & B sound.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
February 8 - May 5, 1990
Organized by Susan Hoeltzel and
Peter Muscato photo
For each of the artists in this exhibition, nature is a point of departure.
Botanical structures, images of plants, or fragments of the plants themselves
are the focus of works in a wide variety of media and styles. Some of
the artists sketch from nature carefully observing and describing botanical
specimens and translating those images into the fictional/metaphorical
representations of all art. Others begin with those objective forms of
nature and freely invent, allowing the form to evolve in the materials,
the imagination, and the process of making the work of art. There are
also those artists whose plant forms are related to mediated imagessecondary
images of nature such as plants envisioned by earlier artists or found
in the structural diagrams of scientific journals. Plants serve as the
medium as well as the subject in the work of several of the artists. Flowers,
twigs, leaves, and ferns are the materials from which the art is made.
Plants also function consciously and unconsciously as symbols, layering
the image with a reservoir of meaning. This can range from using plants
to represent the dynamism of growth to providing a vehicle for eroticism.
Plants are sometimes imbued with religious or mystical significance, and
their medicinal properties suggest healing. They recall the paradise of
Eden as well as playing a role in the Fall and Expulsion. Plants are symbols
of beauty and love, and the brevity of their blooms is a reminder of the
transience of life.Terry Winters' plants have their sources in microbiology.
These are not the familiar plants we experience in daily life, but are
those seen through microscopes and conceptually conceived through the
diagrams, graphs, and charts of science. Winters early work was closely
connected to Minimalism. By the early 1980s he had begun to wed the concerns
of abstraction with a subject matterthe microstructure of plants,
animals, and minerals. Initially, he explored the substructure of his
paint, which he mixed himself using ground pigments and oil. Drawing upon
a collection of scientific illustration, Winters began his exploration
of plant imagery. These images, which are poetic rather than literal,
evolve and develop in the process of painting. They provide a subject
matter through which Winters investigates abstraction.
Winters' microscopic forms appear to hover at the surface of the canvas. His paints are heavily textured and often brushwork under the surface provides a counterpoint to the imagery. While Winters rarely mixes his own paints now, he adds thinners and thickening agents to commercial paints, producing a range of surface textures. In Marginalia, a lithograph, the central form is a schematic flower shape surrounded by cell masses and molecular diagrams. The same shape appears again in the impastoed paint surface of Station.
Ed Albers also explores the underlying structure of plants in his paintings.
Albers' surreal-looking botanic forms evolve through a study of microbiologyboth
from reproductions as well as from direct observation under the microscope.
These meticulously rendered forms are largely fictional. While based on
real plant forms they are recombined or embellished from the imagination.
In his current work, Albers uses the diptych as a compositional device. A rectangular canvas on the right, depicting the plant form, is paired with a larger square panel on the left, containing a barely visible imprint. Albers refers to these imprints as "memory forms" which he describes as a fossilized, primordial schema bearing the organism's genetic code. It is structurally related to the form on the right panel. The shape looks something like a cross-section of the plant. It is not an observed form but one Albers freely intuits. In Ramosus Spira-Culum, the microscopic form looks monumental. Its disintegrating stem reveals an almost architectural structure. Its "memory form" is recorded on the canvas to the left. Albers has been strongly influenced by Karl Blossfeldt's photographic studies of plants, which were published in the 1920s. He has also been influenced by the theories of Anton van Leeuwenhoek, the Dutch scientist who first saw bacteria under the microscope.
Alexis Rockman explores the dark side of the natural order. Here seduction
and death coexist in an implied narrative. In Dangerous Liaisons, pitcher
plants emit noxious vapors and entice their prey in a miasmal swamp. A
cutaway view of one of the plants reveals a life-and- death struggle between
a frog and a spider in its interior, both trapped inside the plant, both
doomed. Vignettes of nature are scattered throughout the painting. A flowering
succulent grows nearby, attracting bees that swarm and pollinate. Below,
tadpoles swim in a murky, seminal stream. Like the allegorical images
of Hieronymus Bosch and Pieter Bruegel, there is the suggestion of a moral
tale in Rockman's paintingsthese primordial gardens are far from
Rockman's scenes are painted in rich, lustrous colors with transparent, dripping glazes. The paint surface has the luminous quality of traditional oils. These true-to-nature images are not studied from plants but are drawn from memorymemory of magazine illustrations' children's books, and botanical textbooksnature from secondary sources. Compositional devices suggest the dioramas of The Museum of Natural History, where Rockman has also studied the natural world.
Political and social issues have played a major role in the work of Mike Glier. His interest in plants as a subject for painting began in 1982. After seeing an uprooted tree that had been bulldozed in the construction of a real estate development, he made a painting of the stump. Plant imagery in the context of Glier's work carries an acknowledgement of the role flora play in the ecological balance of nature. The plant kingdom is portrayed in powerful, emotionally-charged images. Glier's plants are not passive; there is a consciousness ascribed to them and at times they are shown to be capable of retribution. In Untitled (Seventh Milkweed), large looming plants cluster together in gangs. Anthropomorphized, their curled leaves are like intense eyes glaring at the viewer. In Fourth Milkweed, the plants display their extraordinary beauty and languish, indifferent to the human observer. Glier's drawings are rendered in charcoal, chalk, and conte crayon, and use mud as a fixative and a ground. These seemingly invented plants are studied from nature.
Nelson's imagery is highly romanticized and clearly refers to a serenity
and beauty found in earlier depictions of nature. Working with oil paint
and wax on a wooden panel, she gradually builds separate layers of each
on the surface. The wax is distressed with heat and abrasion. More oil
paint is added and stains the roughened surface. This technique is responsible
for the luminous quality of the paint surface and gives the work a patina
suggesting age. The work is small, inviting close inspection and creating
an intimate relationship with the viewer.
Michelle Stuart's work of the last two decades has involved nature in a very literal and physical way-from her early earth rubbings to her current work that incorporates flowers, leaves, and ferns. The nine 12" x 12" panels in our exhibition are from a series entitled Brookings Herbarium. A herbarium is a collection of dried plant specimens which are preserved and studied. Brookings refers to the Oregon town where Stuart lives part of the year. In these works, parts of plants are pressed into layers of encaustic on wooden panels. Encaustics are a traditional method in which hot wax and pigment are mixed. (This method is unlike the wax and oil technique used by Joan Nelson, in which the two media are built up in separate layers.) Other times, the plants are pressed into the surface and removed, leaving a fossil-like imprint. Collaged elements scraps of canvas or paperare sometimes added. The process of making the painting is visible on the surface of the work. Muted greens, grays, browns, and black give the work a gentleness reminiscent of Victorian pressed flowers. The layering of the paint and the manipulation of the collaged plants give the sense of looking at archaeological strata or the painted walls of a demolished building
Francisco Alvarado-Juarez's mixed media work The First Oryx and Caribou: Trophy #3, includes actual plants in an implied narrative of the hunter and the hunted. Slabs of cross-sectioned trees with projecting branches, thrust forward like animal antlers in gameroom trophies. These three-dimensional elements read as animals as well as trees. Sheets with collaged bits of torn paper and shredded photographs from books on hunting are arranged in a circular pattern. Quick, sketchy notations on the painted papers suggest dense foliage and conceal the hunters and their prey. The ground on which the fragments are arranged is the wall itself, including the negative spaces of the wall in the composition. These bare branches and torn paper resembling fallen leaves, suggest autumn, the hunting season.
Meg Webster's Box for the Propagation of Earthworms in Their Consumption of Organic Waste Material, is a small sculptural work which has its roots in minimal art as well as earthworks of the '60s and '70s. It, too, uses plants to create the work; leaves, dirt, water, insects, and earthworms are placed in a redwood box that sits in a bronze tray. Webster's work confronts the viewer with a vision of nature that is radically real. This miniature ecosystem is propelled by time and the natural order. Leaves decay and become a part of the soil. Earthworms grow, reproduce, and die. The soil is enriched and aerated. Water condenses and evaporates. Nature, decontextualized by the Gallery, provides a subject, the material, and the source of its concert and production. Bracketed out of an immediate experience of nature, Webster's work objectifies natural process.
Robert Mapplethorpe captures plants in a moment of perfection.
His photographs of flowerssingly or in clusterspresent flawless
form analyzed in theatrical light and shadow. Mapplethorpe photographed
flowers almost constantly from the time he began to work with a camera.
He once explained that flowers provided a subject for learning about photography
that did not impose on people to sit.
Mapplethorpe first received attention for photographing
sexually explicit subjects in the mid 70s. Many of the flower photographs
are implicitly connected and eroticism is a subtext. These flowers become
surrogate objects of desire and metaphors for human anatomy. Orchid
is a greatly enlarged closeup view. Mapplethorpe may or may not have
known that the word orchid is rooted in the Greek, meaning "testicle."
Mapplethorpe's flowers are studied with a cool, analytical gaze. At close
range, they sometimes take on a strangeness in which even the familiar
seems odd. Like other Mapplethorpe subjects, Orchid has the ability
to both attract and repel.
There is a hint of romanticism and an aura of the past in the work of Doug and Mike Starn; yet simultaneously, the work aggressively reconstructs the traditional conventions of photography. Unlike most contemporary photographs, their work has an organic, handmade look. The Starn Twins rip, fold and score photographic paper, scratch negatives, and patch fragments of printed photographs together with Scotch tape, sometimes splashing chemicals on the photographic paper to create painterly blotches. Aspects of the process resemble painting, drawing, and collage. Rather than concealing the darkroom technique in a glossy print, the Starns expose each step of the process. The resulting image has a faceted, almost cubist look to it.
In the darkroom, various-sized fragments of photosensitive
papers are arranged on a vertical board. Using an enlarger the Starns
project a negative onto the papers to make a very large photograph. (Initially,
this method was used because it allowed the Starns to increase the size
of the work.) Black tape at the perimeter defines the format. With the
enlarger positioned horizontally the negative is exposed onto the light-sensitive
papers. The sheets are individually developed and then retaped in the
final piece. Parts of other photographs may be collaged into the compositions
at this point. Toning of the prints adds the appearance of age. In Large
Fern, the photographic papers have been arranged on a vertical/horizon/ad
axis. Parts of the image have been realigned in the final taping, emphasizing
the faceting of the image. The finished photograph is an aggregate rather
than a single-paper print. While dependent on a master negative, each
finished work is one of a kind.
Barbara Ess' photographs have an almost surreal quality
about them. Using a simple pinhole camera, they combine high technology
with one of the most primitive photographic techniques. A pinhole camera
requires a simple box with a small hole for light to enter the box instead
of a lens and photographic filmblack and white in this instance.
This technique requires long exposuresfrom two to twelve secondsand
produces a soft blurred image. Ess's black and white images are then processed
as a color photograph, producing a monochromatic C Print. The pinhole
technique results in a strong light at the center of the photograph and
a dark circle around the edge. In Untitled, this dark edge is apparent
on two sides of the photograph. Dust and grit picked up on the film become
a part of the finished work.
The world is not truly stilled in the these photographs. Even inanimate objects seem to move. The shadowy darkness at the edge of the frame gives an uneasiness to the sceneas if something awful has just happened outside of the picture. The odd angle from which the photograph has been taken, "a snake's eye view" as the artist describes this perspective, adds to the uneasiness. In Untitled a harmless bush has been transformed into a setting for an inferred event and narrative.
Ann Sperry's welded steel plant forms are closely connected to the concept of growth. She uses scrap metal, often from farm implements. In the Garden Vl is based on a primitive plant whose simple segmented forms grow something like a bamboo. Each link appears to push and propel the next. Designed as a site-specific sculpture, the forma pod structure with vine-like tendrils-restates the dynamism of the building itself: a Marcel Breuer design from the early sixties. The column that the sculpture surrounds is one of six tree-like, poured concrete columns that support the roof of the building. Sperry's forms seem to thrust through the floor and penetrate the column. The sculpture is rubbed with metallic powders mixed with a medium to keep steel from rusting. This glaze gives the work a lustrous green surface and brings it to life.
Works in the Exhibition


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tamone needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 47 designs submitted by 16 freelance designers.
We are looking for Good Graphic Designers to create our Logo.
We are Precious Metals Dealers. Buying and Selling Gold, Silver & Platinum !
The Definition of a "Tycoon" is : a businessperson of great wealth and power; magnate.
Hence the Logo Name " MetalsTycoon" .....
We also Own "Precious MetalsTycoon.com " ... so it's Ok to use the Word "Precious" in the Logo perhaps as a watermark.
It's ok if you don't win the contest because we have a great deal of additional work so Good Luck !
- Item 1...
- Item 1...
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


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Bag Cross Lightweight Purple Travel Messenger Zip Handbag Shoulder Womens Multiple Pocket floral Over Holiday x8aqfYAY
P.R.O.B.E. offers Career Development and Financial Literacy programs to help participants build self-esteem and achieve economic self-sufficiency.
- The New Choices Program is a free service designed to assist displaced homemakers, dislocated workers, and individuals in a career transition.
- Tote Spent Degus Never Is Bag Lime Time Funny With Wasted Shopper 0nx40d is free to all Lebanon County residents. The program is a collaborative effort of more than 12 local human service agencies, businesses, and financial institutions to promote sound financial literacy practices in Lebanon County.
Successful graduates of P.R.O.B.E.'s New Choices Career Development Program can become your future employees – employers consistently report that graduates are well qualified and possess a professional work ethic.
Employer services ensure that needs and expectations are fulfilled:
- Our staff will speak with you to assess your business needs and requirements of available positions.
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Michael Quarles needed a new web page design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 87 designs submitted by 25 freelance designers.
Design a simple and easy to use front page. Marry Craigslist, MySpace and Match with a Google type search feature
This is a community events webpage. Everything Fun to do, from where to go clubbing to where to eat, maybe youre into sports or want to listen to jazz and drink a glass of wine. Maybe even find a partner to hang with. Find the hot spot
- Item 1... Must play on the words "Play" and "Owl" as in where to have fun day or night
- Item 1... Busy and complicated... Keep it simple - stupid yet to the point without the viewer wondering what the heck it is. Site is dedicated to the teen and over crowd who is looking for what to do in their community


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Coming Events...
Chicken Barbecue, Laceyville Goodwill Fire Company on Oct. 13. Ready between 11 a.m. and noon at the fire hall.
Chicken Barbecue, sponsored by Wyalusing Masonic Lodge #618 at Pen-Mart in Wyalusing on Saturday, Sept. 21, 10 until ??? Halves only.
American Cancer Society Bark for Life. A canine event to fight cancer on Saturday, Sept. 21 from 10 a.m. until 4 p.m. at Towanda Riverfront Park. Dog walk, prizes, canine demos, entertainment, food and more. Fundraiser to benefit the local American Cancer Society Relay for Life teams. Contact Roy Woodruff at 570-265-8497 for information.
Benefit for the Lane/Anderson family, which the mother and two children were in car accident will be held on Oct. 26 from 1 to ? at the Black Walnut American Legion, Laceyville. Food, music, raffle, bake sale, ticket drawings, silent auction. Drawings at 5 p.m. For information, call Lori 570-250-0872 or email@example.com. S38-6p/R38- 6p
Bike/Run for the Lane/Anderson Family on Sept. 21. Registration is at Acorn parking lot in Dushore from 8 to 10 a.m. Price is $20 per driver and $10 per passenger. Ride will be from Dushore to Ricketts Glen State Park. Food will be served after ride. Questions, contact Paul Smith, 570- 928-8671.
Monthly Breakfast at the Herrickville Fire Hall, Sunday, Sept. 29, 7:30 to 10:30 a.m. All you can eat: pancakes, French toast, ham, sausage, eggs, home fries, sausage gravy and biscuits, coffee, orange juice, real maple syrup and sugar-free syrup. Adults, $7; children to 12 years, $3; preschool, free. Benefit: Herrick Twp. Vol. Fire Co. - Dept. 4.
Bus Trips
The Lawton Senior Center bus trip to NYC to see Jersey Boys is sold out.
The Stevensville Community Club will celebrate its 35th anniversary with a covered dish dinner at the hall on Sept. 28 at 5 p.m. Members, neighbors and friends should bring a dish to pass and their own table setting. Ham, beverages, rolls and butter, as well as a celebration cake will be provided. Questions, call Luke and Jean, 570- 746-3188.
Child Evangelism Fellowship Fall Rally - fun for all ages (parents welcome to stay), Sept. 28, 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. at the Independent Baptist Church, Towanda. For imformation, call 570-265-7161.
Crafters Wanted
Craft Corner at the Community Club, Stevensville is starting up again, open to all crafters on Sept. 20. Doors open 10 a.m. until 4 p.m. Come for the day or part of it. Potluck lunch or brown bag. Bring your project to work on and have fun with other crafters. For more information, call Jean at 570- 746-3188 or Eileen at 744-1918.
Round and Square Dance, Wysox Fire Hall Sat., Sept.. 21, 2013, 7 till 11 p.m. Music by Sara. Refreshments available. Benefit Wysox Fire Company. S36x3c/R36x3c
Stag and Ham Bean Supper, Laceyville Goodwill Fire Company, Oct. 3 at 6 p.m.
The WVHS Class of 1951 will meet for lunch on Friday, Sept. 20 at noon at Bishop's Restaurant in Ulster.
Wyalusing Musical Society members are reminded that the dinner meeting to honor piano students who earned Gold Cup will be held on Tuesday, Sept. 24 at the Wyalusing Hotel at 6 p.m.
Meatloaf Dinner on Saturday, Sept. 28 at Russell Hill United Methodist Church, Rt. 6 West, Tunkhannock. Takeouts, 3:30 to 4:30. Eat-in, 4:30 until sold out. Adults, $8.50; children, $4; preschool, free. Meatloaf, baked potatoes, corn, coleslaw, rolls, homemade pies. Church is handicap accessible.
Pork with or without Sauerkraut dinner on Sept. 27, 4 until 7 p.m. at St. Basil's Hall, Dushore. Pork, sauerkraut, mashed potatoes, applesauce, carrots and homemade dessert. Adults, $8; children 6 to 12, $4; children, five and under, free.
Annual Roast Beef Dinner, with famous corn relish at St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Rt. 6W, Tunkhannock on Saturday, Oct. 5, 4 to 7 p.m. Takeouts, 3:30 to 4:30 p.m. Donation: Adults, $9; under 12, $4; preschool, free. Everyone welcome. Basket Raffle.
Bendix Retirees dinner will be held Wednesday, Oct. 2, starting at 11 a.m. at Central Conservation Club in South Montrose. All former employeers are welcome.
LeRaysville Minstrel Show practices will begin Sept. 19 at 7 p.m. at the Community/Social Hall. Everyone welcome. Come sing with us.
They're Back. Once again Ean Ammerman and the Winding River Players will present a charity benefit murder mystery. Come to the Black Box Theatre, Main Street in Towanda on Sept. 20 and Sept. 21 at 7 p.m. and Sept. 22 at 2 p.m. For reserved seating, call 570-265- 5017.
For Your Information
The Sullivan County Arts Council is taking applications for Expanded Art Expo from now until Sept. 30 for jurying in its annual Fall Art Expo. The expo will be held at the Forksville Fairgrounds, Rt. 154, Forksville during the Fall Festival, Oct. 12 and 13. A PDF application and instructions available at the following: http://sullivanarts.org/upload /2013artsexpoapplication.pdf.
Health Care
American Red Cross Courses to be offered: Adult and Pediatric CPR/AED, Sept. 29, 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Wyoming Co. 911 Center, Tunkhannock. Adult and Pediatric First Aid/CPR/AED, Sept. 29, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Wyoming Co. 911 Center. Adult CPR/AED, Sept. 21, 8 to 11 a.m., Bradford County Emergency Operations, North Towanda. Sept. 29, 9 to noon, Wyoming Co. 911 Center. Adult First Aid/CPR/AED, Sept. 21, 8 a.m. to 2:30 p.m., Bradford Co. Operations Center. CPR/AED for Rescuers and Health Care Providers Review, Oct. 13, 5 to 8 p.m., Wyoming Co. 911 Center; Oct. 16, 6 to 9 p.m., Bradford Co. Emergency Operations Bldg. To register, visit http://www.redcross.org/takea class or call 1-800 Red-Cross (1-800-733-2767).
Meeting Notices
S.O.S. Al-Anon — Family Group will meet on Fridays at 7 p.m. at St. John's Lutheran Church, Hopkins Street, Sayre.
Recovery House Meetings — AA Group of Towanda meets Mon.-Fri., noon; Mon., Thurs., Fri., Sat., 8 p.m., Sun., 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. NA meetings are held Tuesdays at 7 p.m. Speaker meeting every first Sunday, 8 p.m. All meetings at 205 Main St., Towanda (please use rear, lower entrance).
Compassionate Friends — of the Endless Mountains will hold their meetings on the second Tuesday of every month at 7 p.m. in the Endless Health Community Center, Montrose. TCF is open to all families who have lost a child from any cause at any age. There are no membership dues or fees of any kind. For more information, call 965-0901 (evenings) or 278- 1658 or e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
Al-Anon meetings in Tunkhannock: Endless Serenity Al-Anon Family Group on Monday, 7:30 p.m., Wednesday, 7 p.m., Saturday, noon. All meetings are held at the Tunkhannock UM Church Education Bldg., second floor.
Diabetes Support Group - meeting the first Thursday of every month at the Guthrie Clinic office in Towanda beginning at 5:30 p.m. There is no charge and all diabetics and family members are welcome. For more information, call Dawn at Guthrie Clinic at 570- 265-6165 during regular business hours.
TOPS PA #1134 — Laceyville, meets each Tuesday evening at the Braintrim Baptist Church in Laceyville. Weigh-ins from 5:15 to 6 p.m., meeting from 6-7 p.m. For more information, call 965-2493 or 869-1834. Toll-free 1- 800-932-8677.
AA Meeting — Wednesdays at 8 p.m. in the basement of the Wyalusing Presbyterian Church. Open meeting, nonsmoking.
MOPS — Mothers of Preschoolers meet every first and third Wed. of the month from 9 to 11 a.m., September through May. Meetings are held at the First Presbyterian Church, 5 Court St., Towanda. All mothers of preschoolers are welcome. Child care is provided for children, ages infant through five years old. For more information, contact the church at 570-265-5575.
Towanda-Wysox Kiwanis Club meets every second and fourth Wednesday of each month at the Weigh Station Café at 7:30 a.m. in Towanda. They find ways to help the children in the community. Contact Eileen Sheets at 570-265-2350 for more information.
Addictions to Victory. Faithbased support for addictions. Program will be held the first and third Thursday of each month at 7 p.m. at New Generation Church, Milan, 570-888- 1967.
The Wyalusing Masonic Lodge No. 618 meets at 7:30 p.m. on the third Monday of each month at the Lodge Hall, 158 Church St., Wyalusing. For more information, call 570-721- 0008.
AA meeting, Friday evenings at 8 p.m. at the Standing Stone Vesper Church spiritual building, River Road, Standing Stone Township. Open meeting, nonsmoking.
Grief Support Group: Jan.- Dec. 2013. A bereavement support group meets monthly, the last Tuesday of each month from 3 to 4:30 p.m. This group is open to those who have experienced loss and is facilitated by Trudy Ventello, LSW, a social worker with Memorial Hospital's Hospice program. The meetings are located in the library in the lower level of Memorial Hospital in Towanda. Any questions, call 570-268-2233.
The members' meeting for the Oldest House Historical Society will NOT be Thursday, Sept. 12 at the house. It will be held on Thursday, Sept. 19 at 5:30 p.m. All members in good standing are welcome to attend.
Twin Tier Antique Tractor and Machinery meeting will meet on Thursday evening, Sept. 19 at 7 p.m. at the Stoll Building in Wysox.
The Fall meeting of PSEARetired, Endless Mountains Chapter, will be held Wednesday, Sept. 25. Members of the Endless Mountains Chapter of Pennsylvania State Education Association-Retired should call in their reservations to 570-836- 0173 by Sept. 20. The program will feature Meg Geffken as "Frances Slocum," and will be held at the Villa Sena at 11:30 a.m. Lunch ordered from the menu.
Caregivers' Support Group sponsored by the Law Office of Leslie Wizelman and the B/S/S/T Area Agency on Aging meets at noon the second and fourth Tuesday of each month at the Library at Memorial Hospital Personal Care Home in Towanda. Anyone taking care of a family member or loved one, be it at home or as a resident of a long term care facility welcome. For information, call Donna Benjamin at the Law Office of Leslie Wizelman, 570- 746-3844 or Carol Dieffenbach at Area Agency on Aging, 570-265- 6121. The next meeting will be on Tuesday, Sept 24.
MOPS (Mothers of Preschoolers) group meets the second and fourth Tuesdays at 9:30 a.m. in St. Peter's Church, Tunkhannock. For more information, visit www.mops.org or www.stpetestunkhannock.org. Call 570-836- 2233.
Open House
Open House at the Creek Junction Park in Forkston on Saturday, Sept. 21 from 1 to 4 p.m. The public is invited to come and celebrate the re-opening of the park after the flood devastation two years ago. At 1 p.m., there will be a ribbon cutting ceremony and picnic-style lunch and musical entertainment until 4 p.m. Face painting for kids and a beautiful new playground to play on.
WVHS Class of 1968 Reunion will be held at the Towanda Gun Club on Sept. 28 at 6:30 p.m. There is still time to get your reservations in. Please respond with updated addresses and emails to PO Box 415, Wyalusing,
PA 18853 or to email@example.com.
Fall Turkey Shoot schedule at the VFW Post 6824 (Potterville), 1468 Haighs Pond Road, Rome. Sunday, Sept. 22 and 29; Oct. 6 and 13 Noon – 4 p.m., Lucky X Shotgun Shoot, Food, Showdown, 50 cent Bingo, pulltabs, raffles and gun/cross bow raffle. 570-744-2215.
New two-day class: Hunter/Trapper Education Class. To register for the class go to web site: www.pgc.state.pa.us and take the online study. You must complete the Today's Hunter & Trapper in PA. on-line course before attending the two-day class that will be held at the Tri County Sportsman Club on Sat. Sept. 21, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. and Sun. Sept. 22 from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. A light lunch will be provided to all attendees. For more information call Pat Beebe at 570-746-3869 or Carl Yurgatis at 570-869-1706. If you do not have a computer call the game commission in Dallas, PA for a booklet. You must be at least 11 years old to participate.
Saturday, Sept. 21 at the Rome grounds, the Twin Tier Antique Tractor and Machinery Association will hold a tractor pull. 2,500 to 8,500 lbs. Weigh-in at 8:30 a.m., pull at 9:30 a.m. For more information, call 570-637- 1311.
Lucky X Shoots at the Wyalusing American Legion Post 534 on Sept. 29; Oct. 13 and 27 at noon.
Northern Tier Hardwood Assoc. will hold a seminar on establishing Golden-wing Warbler Habitat. Oct. 26, 2013, 8 a.m. – 3 p.m. at the Wayne Conservation District office, 648 Park St., Honesdale, PA. Free event. Space is limited so please register early. This event qualifies for SFI continuing education credit. Lunch provided. To registration write to: NTHA, 200 Lake Road, Suite C, Towanda, PA 18848. For questions, please contact Connie Ridall at 570- 240-1436;or email at email@example.com.
Have you ever been told that your favorite homemade bread, or salsa, is "good enough to sell?" Penn State Extension's Food for Profit, is a one-day workshop to help you work through the maze of local and state regulations, food safety issues, and business management needed to setup a commercial food business. Held from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., on Tuesday, Oct. 1 at the White Oak Restaurant, 416 S. Main St., Montrose. Tuition is $45 per person and includes all materials and lunch. Pre-registration is required by Sept. 24. Register on-line at the following: http://extension.psu.edu/foodsafety/ entrepreneurs. For further information contact Extension Educator in Susq. Co., Michelle Kowalewski at 570-278- 1158. Pre-payment and registration are required.
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ADDISON — Work has begun to evaluate whether a parcel of land west of Addison Central School could be suitable to host a septic system that might someday serve a renovated Addison Town Hall, the Addison Volunteer Fire Department and the Addison Community Baptist Church.
According to April 7 Addison selectboard minutes, John Spencer, the head of Addison's Town Hall Committee, told the board that early testing of the land's septic capacity looks promising.
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MIDDLEBURY — A Middlebury man has filed a civil lawsuit against the town of Middlebury, Middlebury College, the Addison Independent and Bread Loaf Corp., alleging their collective actions "unduly influenced" the electorate prior to votes held earlier this year on a $6.5 million municipal building/recreation center project.
ADDISON — On Town Meeting Day, in addition to weighing in on town budgets and casting ballots for uncontested elections, Addison residents will face articles on their warning that either request major spending or could have major implications for the future.
I have been following the paper's coverage of the town hall project, and the associated conversations on the editorial page, with great interest, shifting to surprise, dismay, frustration and anger. I am still uncertain how I feel about the project itself, with too many vague details and unanswered questions to allow me to be a sufficiently informed voter.
ADDISON — A lightly attended Sept. 16 public informational meeting did little to settle the future of the now vacant Addison Town Hall on Route 22A, according to the chairman of Addison's selectboard-appointed Town Hall Committee.
Committee head John Spencer said only about a dozen residents showed up that Monday evening at the Addison Central School to learn more about the ownership and septic issues that are complicating the building's future.
MONKTON — On Town Meeting Day, Monkton voters will be asked to consider a $1 million bond to fund the construction of a new town hall and library on the 5-acre parcel of land on Monkton Ridge that the town purchased with funds raised through a 2006 bond. Town officials say the current town hall and library are insufficient for Monkton's growing needs.
MIDDLEBURY — The Middlebury selectboard on Tuesday unanimously endorsed the concept of removing the current municipal building at the intersection of College and South Main streets and replacing it with a more efficient structure that will include town offices and a community center.
MIDDLEBURY — The Middlebury selectboard met on Tuesday to discuss progress in designing new municipal offices and a community center for the town of Middlebury. The vision for the project has been more defined since the board's last meeting in November but plans still remain tentative because the board members said they want to involve the public more before moving ahead with the project.
MONKTON — In voting on Town Meeting Day, Monkton voters shot down a proposal for a new municipal building for the second time in two years, this time by a 286-224 tally. The new plan called for moving and expanding the town's existing 152-year-old town hall.
SALISBURY — Salisbury residents next March will be asked to approve a plan to preserve their town hall to make it more weather-tight, sturdy and usable into the future.
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Michelle Sardo necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 122 diseños de 35 diseñadores freelance.
Looking for a logo for my company....Massage Therapy, Acupuncture, Reiki and more.
Here is a bit about me and my company:
Michelle Gilmore graduated from the Canadian College of Massage and Hydrotherapy and became licensed under the Regulated Health Professions Act in 2007. Having worked in the service industry for the last 17 years in a variety of fields, such as fashion and financial services, Michelle has found a home in the Health Care field.
Since entering Massage Therapy, she has had the amazing opportunity to be inspired and mentored by some of the top achievers in the industry. Michelle is driven by results and success from her clients. Inspiring others to achieve balance of the body, mind and spirit is at the forefront of her treatments. She stands for education, empowerment, and movement using an energetic approach to healthcare.
Since volunteering is a passion, Michelle has volunteered over 100 hours of massage for such events as the Weekend to End Breast Cancer, the University of Waterloo athletics department, Wellington Hospice and the MS Society. She provided relief in symptomology of tri-athletes, marathon runners and cyclists, as well as Breast Cancer survivors and Multiple Sclerosis patients.
Ms Gilmore has furthered her education in Usui style Reiki and is working on her Reiki Mastery. In the near future, she intends to obtain her diploma in Osteopathic Medicine and Acupuncture.
Our company will be branching of to helping those who suffer with AIDS in Africa.
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text:
it is the CvSeq struct from opencv and it is defined a wee bit different than
the others
here it is as defined
#define CV_TREE_NODE_FIELDS(node_type) \
int flags; /* Miscellaneous flags. */ \
int header_size; /* Size of sequence header. */ \
struct node_type* h_prev; /* Previous sequence. */ \
struct node_type* h_next; /* Next sequence. */ \
struct node_type* v_prev; /* 2nd previous sequence. */ \
struct node_type* v_next /* 2nd next sequence. */
Read/Write sequence.
Elements can be dynamically inserted to or deleted from the sequence.
#define CV_SEQUENCE_FIELDS() \
CV_TREE_NODE_FIELDS(CvSeq); \
int total; /* Total number of elements. */ \
int elem_size; /* Size of sequence element in bytes. */ \
schar* block_max; /* Maximal bound of the last block. */ \
schar* ptr; /* Current write pointer. */ \
int delta_elems; /* Grow seq this many at a time. */ \
CvMemStorage* storage; /* Where the seq is stored. */ \
CvSeqBlock* free_blocks; /* Free blocks list. */ \
CvSeqBlock* first; /* Pointer to the first sequence block. */
typedef struct CvSeq
the CV_SEQUENCE_FIELDS()
part of the typedef struct CvSeq threw me
I dont really know what to do with can someone just show me how to write
it so I can then wrap all other structs like this....I could show things i
tried but t
hat would take up so much space it would be exhausting to look at...below is
the swig wrapped struct i'm working with but it hasn't been working right so if
you can show me how to edit it i would be very grateful =)
(defcstruct cv-seq
(flags :int)
(header-size :int)
(h-prev :pointer)
(h-next :pointer)
(v-prev :pointer)
(v-next :pointer)
(total :int)
(elem-size :int)
(block-max :pointer)
(ptr :pointer)
(delta-elems :int)
(storage :pointer)
(free-blocks :pointer)
(first :pointer))
note normally when i add members like this CvSeqBlock* first; i do it like
this (first (:pointer (:struct cv-block))) the new cffi style so if you can
show me the new way on this that would be perfect =)


text:
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text:
Thursday, February 16, 2012
Parisian Dreams
Good morning, lovelies! Continuing on the romantic mood, my mind has wandered on off to where else? Paris, of course!
Now that Valentine's Day is done, I need to have something else to dream about to get me through the rest of winter. Lovely days in the city of love will certainly do the trick. I would love to plan a trip for April or May. We're still working out our vacation plans for the year and I don't know what's in store yet but a girl can hope, right? :)
Enjoy the day, sweets!
Images: 1, 2, 3 All images edited by The Alternative Wife
40 comments:
- Adele said...
I adore Paris, it's one of my favourite cities!
Happy Thursday xoxo
- February 16, 2012 at 5:02 AM
Love this post!
You can post Paris anything every day and it'll make my heart happy ;-)
My friend and I had first planned a spring trip but we changed our plans. I almost regret doing that, haha, but images like these will keep me going ;-)
- February 16, 2012 at 5:35 AM
- lorenabr said...
Oh Paris... how I adore you!
- February 16, 2012 at 5:35 AM
- O said...
Happy Thursday! Love everything Paris and the feathers Olivia is wearing! xoxo
- February 16, 2012 at 5:47 AM
- Plami said...
ahhhh I dream of Paris every day <3 Beautiful post, dear!
- February 16, 2012 at 5:49 AM
- The enchanted home said...
Nothing in the world quite like the magic of Paris in the springtime. The first time we went was in April....it was bliss!
- February 16, 2012 at 6:38 AM
Of course I LOVE this post! Paris is always my #1 choice too. Does J. love Paris as much as you do? I would start dropping hints. Wear a beret, eat marcarons, play Carla Bruni on the stereo, leave Parisian shopping guides all around the house... you get the idea... ha ha! xo
- February 16, 2012 at 7:12 AM
- Helena - A Diary of Lovely said...
You should definitely pay Paris a visit, I haven't been in spring but I'm sure its amazing!
- February 16, 2012 at 8:14 AM
- classiq said...
Paris is always a good choice. :) Have a wonderful day, Dawn! xo
- February 16, 2012 at 8:15 AM
- Collette Osuna said...
Im sure you are going to pick a FAB location to vacation at:)
Have a great day sweets!
A Lifestyle Blog where Fashion, Décor & Cooking "connect"
- February 16, 2012 at 8:16 AM
- With love... said...
Oh so gorgeous. I adore Paris.
- February 16, 2012 at 8:36 AM
- prettymeggy said...
oh dear i love Paris.. i've lived there for 3 years and i really miss that city!!!
we're planning to go back there this december for our 7th year anniv.. with our baby :)
well, hope you can organize your trip there!!!!
take care. xoxo, Haus of Gala
- February 16, 2012 at 8:42 AM
- Miss Samantha said...
ahh paris is so dreamy! i will definitely be planning a trip there at some point this year. beautiful pictures again! :) xx
- February 16, 2012 at 9:03 AM
- Dancing Branflake said...
Oh, yes! I girl can certainly hope! Can't wait to hear where you all are going!
- February 16, 2012 at 9:32 AM
- Chic 'n Cheap Living said...
Go to Phuket! It really is as awesome as your dad described it! Maybe we'll see you there - we want to go again!
Chic 'n Cheap Living
- February 16, 2012 at 10:14 AM
- rolala said...
But of course because Paris is the city of romance. I love the dreaming that goes along with vacation planning.
- February 16, 2012 at 10:28 AM
- Lindsey Regan Thorne @ be pretty said...
I'm in the same mood that your in doll... and I'm a sucker for Valentines day... it's kinda sad once it's all said and done! I told JT that we needed to start celebrating every holidays... Presidents Day... just a little something to open!! Good deal to me! :)
- February 16, 2012 at 10:41 AM
- Alexa said...
Paris could be our plans too this year. I'm really hoping!!!
- February 16, 2012 at 10:51 AM
- Leslie said...
Going at the end of June! Let's keep talking! So much to do and see - where do you begin?
- February 16, 2012 at 10:55 AM
- Sunny & Star said...
I spend so much time dreaming of Paris. But it still looks like my first time visiting there is a year or two away.
- February 16, 2012 at 10:57 AM
That would be an amazing trip!
- February 16, 2012 at 11:17 AM
- The Dainty Dolls House said...
Paris would indeed be dreamy just now...a wonderful adventure..erally need to go back sometime and do more exploring! I hope you have a wonderful day doll and keep on dreaming..it will get us through the winter for sure :)) xoxo
- February 16, 2012 at 11:19 AM
- B. in the Know said...
Oh yes - Paris would be nice! But, I did just purchase my ticket to come to NYC next month - so at least I am getting to get away for a bit - and that is almost halfway to Paris from MN!
Much love,
- February 16, 2012 at 12:09 PM
- Lauren said...
I'm always dreaming of Paris. I'm hoping to go in September. It's been too too long. Gorgeous photos you picked to capture the feeling of the city. Love.
- February 16, 2012 at 12:12 PM
- Mary Jo at TrustYourStyle said...
Oh it would be so wonderful to fly off to Paris! I may have to join you :)
xo Mary Jo
- February 16, 2012 at 12:22 PM
- Fifth N Sixth Closet said...
That's really cool...I would so love to visit Paris..I've heard a million times that its one of the best places to visit..can't wait!!
- February 16, 2012 at 4:21 PM
- Taj Acosta said...
Paris sounds great for a vacation, we are trying to figure out where we will go this year too. I never tire of Hawaii ;) xx
- February 16, 2012 at 4:30 PM
- Miriam said...
love your blog and style <3
I am your follower - will you follow back?:)
- February 16, 2012 at 4:45 PM
- Josie said...
Your blog posts always make me want to go to Paris somehow!
- February 16, 2012 at 5:07 PM
- hope in high heels said...
oh Paris, je t'aime. I'll cross my fingers for you!
- February 16, 2012 at 5:28 PM
- kristina said...
i would love to book a trip to france right now - that sounds SO amazing...
- February 16, 2012 at 6:24 PM
- Style, She Wrote said...
We hope your dream comes true! xo style, she wrote
- February 16, 2012 at 7:17 PM
- Deidre said...
I love the vacation dreaming :) It's some of my favourite kinds.
- February 16, 2012 at 9:16 PM
- Pratishtha Durga said...
Oh dawn... what a dream to see you through to your vacation!!! Paris is where I'd love to head soon too. For now, our honeymoon is on my mind, and can you believe this, we still haven't got a destination finalized!!! Love those macaroons...
- February 17, 2012 at 1:32 AM
Ben to Paris once before but would love to go again - this time with my husband for a more romantic visit! Love the food, the architecture, the sights. Thanks for sharing. xo
- February 17, 2012 at 10:42 AM
- Fashion Tales.... said...
Paris is enchanting. Beautiful place to wander off to. Happy weekend lovely. -xo
- February 17, 2012 at 4:01 PM
- Julip Made said...
Paris is always on my mind! We are planning a trip for this summer and I've already started pinning outfit inspiration... sigh. If you postpone your trip... blogger meet up in the best city in the world would be in order!
- February 17, 2012 at 4:55 PM
- All Glam Things said...
YES Please~ Love PARIS!!!
- February 20, 2012 at 5:16 PM
Paris is my destiny. See you there!
true queen
- March 1, 2012 at 9:35 AM
- tea length wedding dresses said...
Love the photos!Paris is my favourite!
- April 1, 2012 at 1:54 AM


text:
Michele Bachmann Reveals A 'Devastating' Miscarriage Led Her To Foster 23 Children!
The Minnesota Republican, who is being compared to Sarah Palin, admits the experience inspired her to change her life and rethink the meaning of family.
Politician Michele Bachmann, who admits she's "100 percent pro-life," revealed the heartbreaking news that she suffered a miscarriage after an unplanned pregnancy. But the "devastating" loss inspired her to foster 23 children and refocus her life. And now look — she's running for President!
In a town hall in Rock Hill, South Carolina on Wednesday (June 29), Michele, 55, discussed the miscarriage and her stance on abortion. She and her husband Marcus already had two children at the time of the loss and came to welcome three more of their own afterward. Not to mention the 23 foster kids, all teenage girls, who each stayed with the Bachmanns for a few months.
The experience led her to believe that "no matter how many children were brought into our life, we would receive them because we are committed to life."
Bachmann has been compared to former Alaskan governor Sarah Palin, who also has five kids of her own — Track, 23, Bristol, 21, Willow, 16, Piper, 10, and Trig, 2 — and is staunchly pro-life.
Michele even discussed how the media would love to see her and arch-rival Palin, "mud wrestle," adding, "And I'm not going to give it to 'em. I have great respect and admiration for the Governor."
What's your stance on abortion, HollyMoms? And who would you support in a bid for the presidency, Michele Bachman or Sarah Palin?
–Leigh Blickley
More on HollyBaby:
- Sarah Palin Sent Her Family An 'Email From God,' Reassuring Them About Her Down Syndrome Son Trig
- Bristol Palin Accuses Levi Johnston Of Stealing Her Virginity; Insists She Hates The Word 'Abstinence' & Disses John McCain!
- Sarah Palin Keeping Daughter Willow Home So She Won't Embarass Her Mom During Campaign!


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Hockey 101
The Origins Of Ice Hockey
Some people say that the origin of ice hockey is unknown, while others claim that the game was a product of Windsor, Nova Scotia in the late 1700s or early 1800s.
Where ever the origins, the game of ice hockey as we know it today can be traced back to 1875 and to a specific person, James George Aylwin Creighton. Creighton is credited as the "Father of Organized Hockey" and was born in Halifax in 1850. Known as "JGA," he introduced the game to the city of Montreal when he moved there is 1872.
After getting some sticks sent to him in Montreal from Halifax, Creighton organized the first public game of ice hockey on March 3, 1875. The game was commonly called Ice Hurley as well as Ice Hockey, and used a wooden puck.
The game has evolved after a couple hundred years and is today one of the fastest competitive games around!
The following is a basic guide to the game of hockey.
The Basics
The purpose of hockey is to get the hockey puck into opposition's goal while preventing your team's goal from getting scored on. Each team has six players on the ice at one time. The game is played on a sheet of ice that is 85' x 200' and consists of three zones: a defensive, attack and a neutral zone. Like most other sports, ice hockey is a game of territory control that consists of an offensive attack on an opponent while trying to defend your territory.
attack zone
is the area between the opponent's goal line and the blue line. This is the zone in which your team is trying to score.
defensive zone
is the area between the goal which your team is defending and the blue line. This is the zone that your team tries to prevent the opponent from scoring in.
neutral zone
is the area of the ice surface between the two blue lines. The
blue lines
are 12" thick and are the lines that divide the ice surface into the three zones. The blue lines are also the lines used as the determining factors in offsides.
Players in ice hockey use a
hockey puck
, which is a black, vulcanized rubber disc that is 1-inch thick and 3 inches in diameter, weighing roughly 6 ounces. Pucks are frozen prior to playing to prevent them from excess bouncing and players can shoot a puck up to 110 miles per hour.
When a player shoots the puck into the opposition's
in the attack zone, their team is awarded one point, or a goal. The hockey puck must completely clear the red goal line between the goal posts in order for it to be considered a goal.
red line
is also 12" thick and is also called the center ice line as it divides the hockey rink in half.
A full-strength game consists of six players on the ice at a time for both teams. The players consist of three forwards, which can be narrowed down the center, left wing and right wing, two defensemen and a goalie.
is the player that takes the face off and leads the team's attack when they are trying to score a goal. The center's main objective is to score a goal or set up a winger or defenseman for a goal.
left winger
right winger
flank the center on face offs and their job is also to score goals and set up the two forwards in the attack zone. Despite their titles, the wingers are not confined specifically to one side of the ice.
There are two players who make up the defense on the ice.
usually are set up behind the forwards and more than likely will not play deep into the attack zone. The defensemen's main objective is preventing the opposition from scoring and assisting the goaltender in keeping the puck out of the net. Even though the defensemen's job is to help prevent the opposition from scoring, they also can contribute on the offensive side. Like the wingers, the defensemen are usually labeled as left defense and right defense, but are not confined to that specific side of the ice.
The last line of defense to the goal is the
. The goaltender's only job is prevent the opponent from scoring into his team's goal. The goalie wears different equipment then the forwards and defensemen, specifically more padding and a catching glove. The goalie's stick is wider to help the goalie stop pucks from penetrating his goal.
The game of ice hockey is moderated by people on the ice called Officials. The American Hockey League, along with most other professional leagues, use two linesmen and one referee. The National Hockey League uses two linesmen and two referees. Officials wear black pants with black and white striped shirts.
is considered the head or chief official on the ice. You can distinguish the referee from the linesmen by an orange arm band. The referee is responsible for calling the majority of penalties and goals, and makes the final decision on any altercation or disputed calls during a game. The referee is also the official who is responsible for making sure that the playing surface is safe and conducive for playing. The referee moves with the flow of play throughout the game and is hardly ever stationary.
The two
on are in charge enforcing off-sides, icings, breaking up altercations and executing the majority of the face-offs throughout the game. Linesmen can also advise or assist the referee on penalties and goals. The linesmen stand on opposite sides of the ice, one around each blue-line, and move with the flow of the play.
General Rules
There are two basic rule infractions in ice hockey.
The most common infraction in ice hockey is
. This violation occurs when a player or players from the attacking team cross the opponent's blue line into the attack zone before the puck crosses over the blue line. The end result of this infraction is play is stopped and a face-off ensues.
Another common violation in ice hockey is
An icing occurs when a team with puck possession shoots the puck from behind the center-ice line across the opponents goal line and a member of the opposing team touches the puck first. The infraction results in a face-off in the team's defensive zone which committed the icing.
Throughout the course of a typical ice hockey game, players get called for penalties. A penalty is called when a player commits a personal infraction. There are six different kinds of penalties in ice hockey.
The first type of penalty is the most common, a
minor penalty
. When a minor penalty occurs, the player who commits the infractions receives a two-minute penalty and has to sit in the penalty box. That player's team then has to play the proceeding two minutes short one skater putting the opponent on a
power play
. If the opposition scores while on the power play, the player in the penalty box who committed the penalty is released and his team returns to full strength.
When a player is in the penalty box, his team is considered
short handed.
While short handed, a team can ice the puck without icing being called.
A player can also be assessed a
double-minor penalty
if the infraction committed results in injury to the opposition. A double minor results in four minutes of penalty time. A double minor counts as two power-play opportunities for the opposition and if they score within the first two minutes of the double minor, the penalty gets reduced to two minutes and another power play proceeds.
The second kind of penalty infraction is a
major penalty
. The player committing the major penalty receives five-minutes in the penalty box. If the major penalty results in a power play, the player must remain in the penalty box and the time on the penalty must remain on the scoreboard for the entire five minutes, even if a goal is scored by the opposition.
Another type of penalty is
. A misconduct can result in either a two-minute penalty, which puts the opposition on a power play, or a 10-minute penalty which does not put the opponent on the power play. A player who receives a 10-minute misconduct must sit in the penalty for the entire 10 minutes.
A player or coach can also receive a
penalty. If a player receives a game misconduct, they are immediately removed from the game and cannot return. A game misconduct is listed as a 10-minute penalty on a score sheet.
Finally, a
bench penalty
can also be assessed by the referee or linesman during a game. A bench penalty can result in either a minor, misconduct or game misconduct penalty.
The following is a list of common penalties called during an ice hockey game along with the signal given by the referee to indicate the penalty:
is called on a player who body checks, elbows or trips an opponent violently into the boards. A boarding penalty results in a minor penalty but can be called a major penalty as well if the body check causes an injury to the opponent. If a major penalty is determined, the player can be given a game misconduct.
A player is called for a
penalty when he makes a deliberate move of two strides or more to body check an opponent. A minor penalty is the typical result, but charging can be called a major penalty if the body check causes an injury to the opponent.
penalty is called when a skater holds his stick in both hands and hits an opposing player with the shaft of his stick. A cross-checking penalty results in a minor penalty unless injury occurs or if there is blood drawn, then the penalty is a major penalty. If a major penalty is determined, the player can be given a game misconduct.
penalty is called when a player checks an opponent or impedes the progress of the opponent with an elbow. A minor penalty is called unless an injury occurs and then the player committing the elbow gets a major penalty. If a major penalty is determined, the player can be given a game misconduct.
When a player engages in fisticuffs, a
penalty is called. An official fight occurs when a player drops their stick and removes their gloves and throws a punch. A fighting penalty results in a major penalty. If a player instigates a fight with an opponent, the player will receive a minor penalty for instigating and a 10-minute misconduct.
high sticking
penalty is called when a player strikes an opposing player with his stick above his shoulders or in a dangerous way. A sticking penalty is a minor penalty, but can be called a double minor or major if injury or bloodshed occurs. A player can also receive a game misconduct for a major high sticking penalty.
A player is whistled for a
penalty when he grabs a hold and or impedes the progress of an opposing player with his hand or arm. A holding infraction results in a minor penalty. A player can also be called for
holding the stick
is they grab the opposing player's hockey stick. Holding the stick also results in a minor penalty.
penalty is handed out when a player uses his hockey stick impede the progress or interfere with an opposing player. A minor penalty is called if a player commits a holding penalty.
penalty is called on a player if they impede the progress of a player with their body, set a pick on the opposition or stop the opponent's forward progress when they do not have the puck. An interference infraction results in a minor penalty.
A player is called for a
penalty when he attempts to body check an opponent but uses his knee to hit the opposition. A kneeing penalty is called a minor penalty unless injury ensues or an attempt to injure the opponent is determined and then a player receives a major penalty and a game misconduct.
penalty is called on a player if a scrum ensues and there is pushing and shoving between two players. An unnecessary body check can also result in a roughing penalty and the player committing the infraction receives a minor penalty.
penalty is called on a player if he swings or chops his hockey stick at an opponent and comes in contact with the opponent's body or hockey stick. A minor penalty is called on the player committing the infraction, but a major penalty can occur if an injury occurs on the opponent. If a major penalty is determined, the player can be given a game misconduct.
A player receives a major penalty if he is called for a
penalty. A spearing penalty is called if a player uses the end of his stick blade to strike an opponent. Spearing is one of the most severe penalties in hockey and is almost always accompanied by a game misconduct.
penalty is called when a player uses his stick to trip an opponent around his legs or skates. Tripping can also be called if a player uses his leg or skate to knock an opposing player off balance. A tripping infraction is a minor penalty.


text:
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