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Content for Wednesday, November 28, 2012
Blog Entries
- Zlatkovich brings fusion to Anthology, Nov.29
- Baja & Border News Translations: Fire Damages 3 Buildings in Balbuena; Parents Warned of Sexual Abuse at Primary School
- Baja & Border News Translations: Migrants Abandoned by "Pollero" are Rescued; Stepfather Accused of Raping Minor
- Baja & Border News Translations:Vizcaíno Valley Field Workers are Exploited; 57,352 Jobs Generated in BC
- RIP Reader cover artist and underground comix legend Spain Rodriguez
1 comment
- Rangers receive Burns from Padres
- Lux After Hours
- San Diego ranks #2: the beautiful people
4 comments
- Deconstructing California's economy
1 comment
- Film Independent Spirit Awards let loose their 2013 nominations
- Jerry Brown's Del Mar appointees party in style
2 comments
- Screams in the night
- Your Week: November 29-December 5
- Search for remains
- Tour de Cheesesteak: stage 2
1 comment
- Slow it down
- Fielders' choice
3 comments
News & Stories
Bay dreams
Good and ghastly ideas for our waterfront
What could we do with our waterfront, if we really put our thinking caps on?
Sweetwater University to "Open" Soon?
Last year, the Sweetwater Union High School District board voted to support a vaguely worded concept about an institution called "Sweetwater University." The latest gambit for Sweetwater U is online college courses offered to high ...
O.B. Christmas Tree Arrives with Police Escort
The O.B. Christmas tree arrived at the foot of Newport Avenue yesterday, November 27, with a police escort. An Obecian donated the tree — a star pine — from their front yard. While O.B. has ...
Low Volts' iron man Tim Lowman
The way Tim Lowman tells the story, it is not surprising to learn that his one-man act Low Volts may have been shaped in part by his great grandfather Doc Lowman (he was a gospel ...
Great-white chomp
Ed Bedford gets a burger at the Alamo Mexican Cafe and then hits Churchill Cigar Lounge before last call.
A bomb dropped at home
Carl Durant releases a new single and video for his song "(Not Our) Ride Home," about 22 sixth-graders killed in Swiss Alp bus accident earlier this year.
Bar West's Drunken Monkey
Inspired in part by hip-hop and in part by "wheat pop," one of Bar West's best-selling drinks, the Drunken Monkey, developed from the beer-and-fruit combos already sliding across the bar most nights, says bartender Scott ...
Now you know: Dirty Sirens
The Dirty Sirens are rock 'n' roll's fallen angels amplified.
The Kopecky Family Band has not one Kopecky!
If you had heard nothing about the Kopecky Family Band except their name, you would be forgiven for not having high hopes about this Nashville six-piece. It doesn't help much to learn that none of ...
Pipes and tobaccos
Put this in your pipe and smoke it
Contentment and pipe smoke filled the air in the late-night hours after the Thanksgiving feast. My brother Bill, visiting from Kansas, puffed merrily away on our patio, reveling in the mild California evening. Patrick, meanwhile, ...
Death-metal support group
Interview with Ghoulgotha founder/guitarist Wayne Sarantopoulos about death doom metal.
Elfin Forest Recreational Reserve
Overlooks with dramatic views
Up to you: leisurely stroll or heart-pumping workout in the Elfin Forest.
Lane Kiffin's new job
Chargers head coach Norv Turner's history of poor performance.
Yellowcard — still popular in soccer towns
Sean Mackin checks in by phone from Albuquerque to talk about the Yellowcard tour. "We're killing time right now," he says. "We'll probably do some go-carting before sound check. Team-building activities. Stuff like that." How ...
In Sickness and in Health
Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots at La Jolla Playhouse
"It's almost like the disease has to win in order for her soul to survive. Or something like that."
Interview with musician/author/publisher Zack Wentz about his (Charles) Book&Record project.
The scourge of plastic water bottles
Hey Matt: Watching the tube the other day, I thought I caught a commercial from a water-filter outfit that said the USA uses enough plastic water bottles to circle the Earth 19 or 119 times ...
Don we now our gay apparel
Thursday 29David Eugene Edwards ("DEE" to his faithful fans) was the biblical baritoned bard behind big band 16 Horsepower. When that alt-country powerhouse called it quits in 2005, Edwards dedicated himself to turning the New ...
In Your Facebook
David and I braced ourselves for the nippy, nighttime New England air as we stepped off the ferry and onto the ramp, headed toward the luggage cart. It was 10:30 p.m. on Martha's Vineyard, more ...
Burp pressure and fart ownership
Hey Matt:The elves will love this one! After a few hours and many beers in the garage I could not devise a system for measuring the pressure of my burps. We're talking good, forceful, thundering ...
Will SD power structure accept climate change?
San Diego big business and the City whistle past the greenhouse-gas graveyard.
Neighbor helps nab hit-and-runner
A hit-and-run driver in Rancho Santa Fe is reported by a neighbor who noticed extensive damage to the vehicle.
Killer dolphin gig
For the not so princely pay of $17.67 an hour, graduate students at San Diego State University are being offered the opportunity to work for Uncle Sam's top-secret military dolphin program, according to a recent ...
$400,000 woman
San Diego State University president Elliot Hirshman's $400,000 salary came in for a lot of criticism when it was announced earlier this year. Even Democratic governor Jerry Brown got into the act, telling university trustees ...
Pre-election victory grub
While election fights raged this past summer, some California pols who were safely ensconced in their seats or faced easy ballot battles partook of some heaping hospitality from the Barona Band of Mission Indians, operator ...
Good Samaritan Episcopal Church
Interview with Episcopalian pastor Chris Chase
Don't be distracted by all the shiny, glittery things.
Life on Life's Terms I am also a product of the streets of Southeast SD, and of growing up in the prison system. At the very smart age of 14, and being the smart gangster ...
Hometown horror
This guy's seen it all: military impostors, wife killers, and clown therapy.
Sonnet XVII
Who will believe my verse in time to come, If it were filled with your most high deserts? Though yet heaven knows it is but as a tomb Which hides your life, and shows not ...


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subset: commoncrawl


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DGS Publications
|Publication Date
|RI70 Thickness and Transmissivity of the Unconfined Aquifer of Eastern Sussex County, Delaware
|Andres, A.S., Klingbeil, A.D.
|RI65 Wellhead Protection Area Delineations for the Lewes-Rehoboth Beach Area, Delaware
|Duffy, C.A., Costas, E.M., Andres, A.S.
|RI57 Evaluation of the Stream-Gaging Network in Delaware
|Doheny, E.J.
|RI38 Hydrology of the Manokin, Ocean City, and Pocomoke Aquifers of Southeastern Delaware
|Hodges, A.L. Jr.


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Art Brokerage: Sunol Alvar Spanish Artist: b. 1935. Sunol Alvar was born in Barcelona, Spain in 1935. Alvar paints with a subtle, sophisticated tenderness and feeling for his subject matter. Alvar studied at the School of Fine Arts of Barcelona from 1951 to 1957. The eclectic Alvar is a master of all mediums, but each of Alvar's flawlessly executed works is characterized by a sensitivity to color and a delicacy of form that are unique in contemporary art. Following in the tradition of Braque, Alvar is an artist whose force of emotion and mystical vision are complimented by a strong creative discipline and consummate technical skills. A modern master at the very peak of his powers, Alvar's works are exhibited in all the fine art centers of the world. Art Brokerage is a major secondary source for Sunal Alvar Original Paintings, prints, sculpture and ceramics. Listings wanted.
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Manel Anoro
Didier Chretien
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Max Papart
Regina Saura
Antonio Saura
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Ramon Lombarte
Claude Gaveau
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Josep Cisquella
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Emile Bellet
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Javier Julio
Sebastian Capella Pallares
Costel Iarca


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Hugo Chávez wasn't the caricature of a strong-armed buffoon that his critics painted. His knowledge of Latin American culture and history was deep and appreciated even by his detractors across the Americas and the hemisphere.
Chávez lost his two-year battle with cancer Tuesday, and his death leaves a void in his deeply divided oil-rich country. It also leaves a populist intellectual void in a region where past history is almost always present in current conflict.
I got to watch Chávez in action up close for almost a decade as a foreign correspondent, a position that afforded a front seat to unfolding history and a chance to measure leaders up close.
My most vivid memory of the polemic Venezuelan has little to do with his socialistic bent. It was during his presidential campaign in 1998, which resulted in his elevation to president early the next year. I traveled all over Caracas and its environs in the wee hours with Chávez as he went on radio shows to field questions from listeners.
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The appearances were so successful that Chávez continued his radio broadcasts in office with a show called "Alo, Presidente." The programs showed a common touch that would endear Chávez to a nation whose people are mostly poor. But what really struck me was Chávez's organization.
Latin American history is rife with stories of powerful orators but terrible governors, who were charismatic but chaotic. Chávez listened carefully, carrying a yellow legal-sized notepad. He drew a line straight down the middle from top to bottom, then drew quadrants on the sheet, jotting notes down in different labeled sections.
Admittedly, his note-taking amounted to just that, taking notes. But it spoke to his organized, methodical way of thinking. He was compartmentalizing listeners' comments in order to take action, like any good manager.
Another striking memory came during the inauguration of then-Paraguayan President Nicanor Duarte Frutos in 2003. I'd sneaked into a closed-off lunch for Latin leaders by hiding my credentials in my suit jacket and walking in with dignitaries as if I were with them.
To my great delight, it worked. Soon afterward, Fidel Castro approached and I pulled out my tape recorder, asked what he thought about local newspaper comparisons of him to the late and long-ruling Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner. Castro looked at me, puzzled. He then grunted and kept walking.
But Chávez was just steps behind, and he proceeded to talk my ear off, listing all the ways that the left-wing Castro was nothing like the right-wing Stroessner, conveniently ignoring that both ruled without free elections.
Suddenly, Paraguayan radio reporters converged on Chávez. Without skipping a beat he broke into song, singing Paraguayan folk songs in the country's language of Guarani, which is spoken on par with Spanish. He sang entire songs in a language that's spoken only in Paraguay and a small part of Bolivia.
That was one reason Chávez earned such good will across the region. His attempt to create united Americas in the spirit of his idol, the liberator Gen. Simón Bolívar, a contemporary and admirer of George Washington, resonated with average folks across the Andes and far beyond. He enthusiastically embraced the broad and varied culture and history of the Americas, using this knowledge to win admirers who might not necessarily share his political views.
That he was a mulatto of mixed race made Chávez look like the average folk across the region. This endeared him to a region where descendants of white Spaniards had long ruled, especially in poor countries such as Bolivia and Ecuador.
This was especially true in Brazil, where a president once infamously quipped that everyone there has a "foot in the kitchen," a crude reference to mixed blood from the days when slave owners impregnated their slaves.
Once in Rio de Janeiro, where I was based, Chávez was speaking at a university down the street from my home. Crowds gathered, and I had an idea. I had the nanny bring my 2-year-old daughter. I put her on my shoulders, gave her one of the small Venezuelan flags that were being passed around and bet that Chávez, like any politician, wouldn't resist a photo op. He took the bait, and I pulled out my tape recorder, identified myself as a reporter and asked what message he had for George W. Bush, who'd just been reelected and whom Chávez had once denounced as a devil.
Chávez, who once dreamed of playing Major League Baseball, challenged Bush and his policies. Then, ever the politician, he grabbed my daughter's hand as photographers snapped away.
Love or hate his political views, Chávez saw himself, if nothing else, as a true "American" in the sense of the word that liberator Bolivar used in an 1813 proclamation: "The single title, 'Americans,' shall be your safeguard and guarantee."


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With the U20 World Cup in Turkey well underway, it's time to take a look at the standings before the last round of matches in the group stage.
Here we take a look at the situation in group F:
After a convincing win over New Zealand (3-0) and a draw against Croatia (1-1), Uzbekistan find themselves in first place in the group, on goal difference. In the third round of the group stage matches they will play against Uruguay, needing only a point to secure one of the top two spots.
In the first round of matches, Croatia managed to secure all three points against Uruguay and later added another point to that total after drawing with Uzbekistan. They find themselves in second place, with a great chance of making it into the last 16. They play New Zealand in the third round of games and need only a draw to progress to the next stage.
Uruguay lost to Croatia in the first round however, they managed to bounce-back and secure a routine victory over New Zealand, keeping them in touching distance of the top two spots. In the third round of matches they play group-leaders Uzbekistan. A win would certainly earn them a spot in the last 16, however, a negative result could still keep them in the competition - seeing as the top four third-placed teams will all be going through.
New Zealand
The underdogs have only a slim chance of getting a spot in the last 16, and that's only if they win their next game against Croatia and hope that they can go through as one of the best third placed teams.
Write for GiveMeSport! Sign-up to the GMS Writing Academy here: https://bit.ly/12evFlH
DISCLAIMER: This article has been written by a member of the GiveMeSport Writing Academy and does not represent the views of GiveMeSport.com or SportsNewMedia. The views and opinions expressed are solely that of the author credited at the top of this article. GiveMeSport.com and SportsNewMedia do not take any responsibility for the content of its contributors.


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Futures Hold Steady Amid Washington Turmoil
Alexandra Scaggs takes a look at today's market action, including three stocks to watch. Photo: Getty Images.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... the the ... a quick look ... it's now a legal ... perspective the will Street gentle and helpless ... like YouTube in the ... morning and futures on ... the day ... um nothing Janet Yellen right that is definitely a thumbs up the Jimmy Allen especially since then I've actually seen earlier this week has been really negative ... before the open this morning were down two percent for the week and that's you know are getting closer to this debt ceiling ... deadline on October seventeen in an identical to what everyone has now we we have some bright news is that image everybody out there in use up the new I pad us ... on the way I ... love that it is not new new Apple gadget especially ahead of the mall in DC and I'm sure Apple is probably making a play for for some holiday sales there to ... ALM so news is that Apple will be it intelligently ... introducing I have seen them ... over the story saying now Apple will hold on to the full light headed back to the twenty two in which this is um after the debt ceiling deadline so ... so good with all the things that I hadn't ... timing that's about to become like the stalks of a venue for all the stuff out of a lot ... of which is AEI seen as a bellwether that I can so Alcoa is an aluminum in Paris so it's a really good measure of commodities demand from basically the entire world Sandeep beat Wall Street's estimates but their latest earnings ... and that's and that's been kind of exchange if he knew that change of pace for them ... and said I'm you can compare that actually with the aam grants which means today ... I noticed that the KFC pizza Hut police fully speaking ... I made a good deal of that that support ... me in some ways the surprising because it it's it's casual dining it's a ... different scene is affordable ... but it's also the economy so bad that people in my IV on the trim of the box Canyon or else it's casual dining in China ... and it's it's kind in same-store sales that really we ... and it's interesting because Alcoa's also very well on and they're very open carry on its industrial staff and Yum Brands is the really big match or a ... the Chinese consumer ... and it looks like they make the son of a long dance while ... mom gets most of the um someone to fall and all men of thank you very much he understands the will Street gentle and warm up this coverage all day on the vs Datacom aunt the beest live ...


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by Tom Utescher
Last fall, the girls of Friends Central School eked out a 1-0 victory over Germantown Friends in the soccer championship game in the Friends Schools League, and judging by the results of early scrimmages last week, the Phoenix and the GFS Tigers appear to be on a collision course that will pit them against one another in the 2013 league finals.
Toward the end of their first week of practice, both teams scrimmaged against the Friends School of Baltimore, which was on a two-day swing through the Philadelphia area. The Maryland team visited Friends Central on Friday afternoon and GFS on Saturday morning, and each of these practice matches ended in a 0-0 standoff.
Germantown Friends displayed more offensive punch in a another scrimmage on Friday, easily outscoring host PhilMont Christian Academy while keeping its own goalcage sealed.
The Tigers' defensive stinginess on the scoreboard has a lot to do with the play of senior goalie Caroline Myran, who would now be a full-fledged four-year starter for Germantown if her freshman season had not been cut short by a concussion. It's a good thing the team has the experienced Myran as its backstop, because while the club only lost two 2012 starters to graduation, both Sophie Mercuris and Katherine Walden were All-League defenders.
"It's tough to lose Katherine and Sophie on defense, but I'm confident that we have players who can step up and fill those gaps in the back," said second-year mentor Adrian Cox, a former head coach at Immaculata University.
Featured in the defensive unit will be Myran's fellow senior tri-captains, Rachel Allison and Claire Schmidt. The team's fourth senior, Schuyler Nissen, sat out Saturday's scrimmage with a minor injury after playing against PhilMont on Friday. She is the only senior who has made her college choice, having given a verbal commitment to play lacrosse at the University of Cincinnati.
The defense in front of Myran will also include strong, skilled junior Grayson Melby, as well as a freshman standout, Hannah Hanson. Coach Cox was also able to work junior Emma Wagner into the defensive rotation on Saturday, and he's happy with the way things are shaping up. His back-up goalie will be junior Schuyler Alig, who, like Myran, has good height and plays for the GFS basketball team in the winter season.
Farther up the field, Cox said that athletes are demonstrating a lot of versatility, and he's still experimenting with different combinations. Two players who could perform capably at the important center mid position are junior Sophia Linguiti and sophomore Sarah Walker. Walker, a track athlete who recorded the fastest freshman 800-meter time in the nation back in May, has decided not to focus all her attention on running just yet, and that's a boon for the soccer squad.
Another track team member who is also a returning soccer player is sprinter Taryn Millbourne, She helps round out the Tigers' 11th grade delegation along with Greta Meyer, Sophie Trotto and new addition Julia Mankoff. Walker's sophomore mates are three-sport star Lizzie Becker and Claire Schmidt's younger sister, Isabel. One grade below, Hanson's lone freshman class companion is Caroline Caroballo.
To help his squad prepare for Friends League competition, Cox has scheduled games with a number of other private school teams from the Girls Inter-Ac League: Agnes Irwin, Baldwin, Germantown Academy, Penn Charter, and Springside Chestnut Hill.
Rachel Bradburd will reprise her role as varsity assistant coach, while new arrival Jami Dansingburg will be the new JV head coach and will also help out with the varsity. Like Cox, Dansingburg is a former collegiate head coach, having piloted the Hartwick College team back in the 1990's.


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Cherry Sundae needed a new web page design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 66 designs submitted by 11 freelance designers.
Cherry Sundae Media
We are boutique content film company working in the branded and unbranded space. Working in the advertising, TV Programming and making independent films as well as documentaries.
Creatives at top ad agencies and studios.
We are looking for a unique, simple, creative, minimalistic colorful site. Think modern art, Urban Mix. Keep in mind our Red - Cherry Sundae Media logo (just awarded on 99design - take a look and use it in the layout). Background in white or gray or black. But open to all input - go for it!
Also - the player should be big in scope compared to the rest of the page.
Home page will animate. Think lines, circles, squares, Cherries could be cool, modern art. We want the site to be very creative and inspiring showcasing our National level work. We are pop culture. Think Andy Warhol...
some examples: http://www.epochfilms.com (Home page changes every time it loads).
We are liking the Graphic Urban Look some of the layout are taking. Really nice work.
Be inspiring, take a chance with your layout.
NO - cartoonish, over the top site, no stock photos (only if you need to use as reference in the PLAYER). No Cookie Cutter work please!
Menu include – work / culture / about / contact / client login. Note - no capital letters please.
No coding, just page layout. We need the HOME page and a page with the menu and the PLAYER. Please upload both at the same time.
All elements (such as buttons) must be usable so delivery should be in a layered psd or a similar file that can easily be picked up and used by the technical development resource that will be building the website.
See attached files for the Cherry Sundae Media logo and another file that we like as well as a reference. But again, we want you to take a chance on the work!
Thanks for your work and time in advance.
Cherry Sundae Media.


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Mousse de Leite Ninho
Que a vida seja doce como esse mousse!
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Transgender Health and HIV
Summer/Fall 2009
Transgender persons illuminate the complex interplay of social and biological factors that determine gender identity (an individual's own sense of maleness or femaleness) and contribute to both HIV risk and HIV health. This article highlights some of the unique challenges that transgender persons face in maintaining their health -- including avoiding HIV infection or living well with HIV -- and discusses ways in which health-care providers can better equip themselves to provide care that meets the needs of transgender clients.
Defining Transgender
Sex and gender are closely related concepts that encompass complex biological, behavioral, social, and cultural attributes. While "sex" is commonly used to classify persons as male or female based on their genetic make-up and reproductive organs, "gender" refers to an individual's self-representation and includes the array of social beliefs, norms, customs, and practices that define "masculine" and "feminine" attributes and behavior. "Gender identity" refers to persons' perceptions of their own gender, including their personal identity as male, female, or some variation.
"Transgender" is an inclusive term for persons whose genitals, gender identity, and/or gender expression differ from the sex assigned to them at birth. They may strongly identify with one gender or with something outside the "male/female" view of gender that is prevalent in Western cultures. Various gender identities fall under the "transgender" umbrella, including (but not limited to) transgender woman, transgender man, male-tofemale (MTF), female-to-male (FTM), transsexual, drag queen/king, gender variant, and genderqueer. While some transgender persons seek physical transformation through the use of hormones, sex reassignment surgery, or cosmetic procedures, others pursue masculine or feminine gender expression through behavior or self-presentation (for example, by dressing as a man or a woman).
Transgender people may identify as heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual (or as none of the above). According to gender scholars Suzanne Kessler of the State University of New York and Wendy McKenna of Barnard College, "Transgenders make clear that while sex, gender, and sexual orientation are interrelated, they are also separate. Thus sex, which is given at birth, does not determine gender or sexual orientation; neither does gender determine sexual orientation or vice versa."
HIV Prevalence in the Transgender Population
The general lack of inclusion of gender-variance variables in health surveys makes collecting true estimates of the transgender population and the transgender HIV positive population that much more difficult. While the terms MTF and FTM are commonly used, it is important to note that these are medicalized terms and do not necessarily represent the identities of all individuals who fall under the "transgender" umbrella. The Center of Excellence for Transgender HIV Prevention, part of the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), suggests a two-question system that distinguishes "sex" from "gender" for data collection purposes (see sidebar).
Since no true population-based studies have been conducted and U.S. and global health surveys rarely include gender-variance variables, the data remain extremely patchy. Estimates published by the American Psychiatric Association in 2000 suggest that, in "smaller countries in Europe," 1 in every 30,000 persons is MTF and 1 in every 100,000 is FTM. By contrast, Greit De Cuypere of Belgium's Ghent University Hospital and colleagues estimate that 1 in 12,900 persons is MTF and 1 in 33,800 persons is FTM in Belgium. In addition to being derived from geographically limited samples, these figures are based on the number of transgender persons seeking mental health care or medical treatment, and may therefore dramatically underestimate the true number of individuals who identify as transgender. Despite the tremendous gaps in our knowledge about the extent of the transgender population, however, it is necessary to look at what data do exist for a better understanding of the effect of HIV on the transgender community.
A recent meta-analysis by Jeffrey Herbst of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and colleagues estimated a U.S. HIV prevalence of 27.7% among MTF, based on four studies in which HIV status was confirmed by testing, whereas a mean prevalence of 11.8% was found among MTF across 17 studies relying on selfreported HIV status. Rates of HIV infection are believed to be much lower among FTM persons; for example, a 2% HIV prevalence among FTM was found in a San Francisco-based study in which HIV status was confirmed by testing, and up to 3% prevalence has been reported in nationwide studies in which HIV status was self-reported. However, lack of knowledge of transmission and prevention means, the misperception that FTM are at intrinsically low risk for HIV, and inconsistent use of latex barrier methods during vaginal and anal sex may all increase risk for FTM individuals.
The state of California and the city and county of San Francisco are notable in their attempts to collect epidemiological data for the transgender population. In 2002, "FTM" and "MTF" became gender reporting options in publicly funded HIV counselling and testing sites in California. Transgender persons have the overall highest HIV diagnosis rate (6.3%) of any group in the state, higher than that of MSM (4.8%). Over half of these cases are in the San Francisco Bay Area; one-third are in Los Angeles and Southern California. African Americans bear the greatest HIV burden among the state's transgender persons, with the highest rate of HIV diagnosis (28.6%).
HIV Risk Among Transgenders
Transgender persons face myriad challenges that place them at increased risk for HIV infection. Precarious economic status, substance use, low self-esteem, social vulnerability, and lack of social support are common barriers to adopting and maintaining safer behaviors that can prevent the acquisition or transmission of HIV.
Economic Marginalization and Sex Work
Economic marginalization as a result of institutional discrimination, stigma, and lower levels of education contributes to a severe lack of opportunity for many transgender persons. Studies have found that over one-third of MTF have experienced job discrimination, over one-fifth report income below the U.S. poverty level, and nearly two-thirds of 16-to-25-year-olds are unemployed. Such marginalization may lead MTF to engage in commercial sex work as a means of economic support. Forty-two percent of MTF in a recent meta-analysis reported participation in commercial sex work, as did 59% of transgender youth in another study.
Many MTF find that sex work offers a sense of social connection with other transgender persons, but sex work amplifies the risk of HIV transmission for MTF and their partners. Not only is HIV prevalence high among MTF engaged in sex work, it also appears that their infection rates are as much as four times higher than those of genetically female sex workers.
Sexual Practices and Partnerships
HIV risk among MTF is not limited to exposure through sex work, however; sexual practices and partnership arrangements also play a role. The desire to affirm a feminine gender identity may lead MTF to have concurrent (multiple) sex partners and unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) in high-risk sexual networks with higher HIV prevalence. Concurrent sex partners and URAI appear to be common among MTF: Over one-third of MTF participants in one study reported multiple sex partners and nearly half reported URAI during casual sex.
Substance Use
In a study of MTF of color in San Francisco, URAI with primary and casual sex partners was associated with drug use before sex. Many MTF turn to substances to cope with discrimination, transphobia, and the sex-work environment. A risk-behavior study in San Francisco found that the majority of its transgender sample had a history of using non-injected drugs, including marijuana (90%), cocaine (66%), and speed (57%). In addition, 34% had a history of injecting drugs, and nearly half of these individuals had shared syringes. These substance-use behaviors are established risk factors for HIV infection.
As in other populations, substance use among MTF persons is linked to mental health issues. A recent metaanalysis found that 35% of MTF had experienced anxiety, and 44% reported depression; both anxiety and depression are associated with increased HIV risk. Transgender persons are also nearly twice as likely as non-transgender men or women to have considered or attempted suicide.
Social Marginalization
MTF may feel socially marginalized due to an absence of social support, rejection by their peers and families, and a lack of connection to the lesbian, gay, and bisexual community, intensifying the risk of HIV transmission and disease progression. Transgender persons report the lowest levels of family support compared with MSM and women who have sex with both men and women. Rejection from family and peers may lead to alienation and feelings of hopelessness, and may increase psychological and social vulnerability -- which may, in turn, increase HIV risk. For example, condoms may be perceived as undermining intimacy with primary partners, while sex with casual partners and willingness to engage in URAI may provide gender validation and a sense of attractiveness that MTF may not get from peers, family, and the larger society. HIV risk thus stems (in part) from willingness to engage with sexual partners who provide a sense of love and acceptance but who may also request unprotected sex.
Body Modification and HIV Risk
Hormones procured outside of a medical setting (on the street, for example) are typically injected rather than taken orally, and needle sharing may lead to increased risk for acquiring or transmitting HIV and or other bloodborne diseases.
Unsanitary silicone injecting is also common despite the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV, hepatitis B and C, and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the danger of foreign substance reactions, in which the body rejects the silicone (see sidebar below). Nonetheless, many transgender persons who share syringes to inject hormones or silicone do not identify themselves as "drug users" and may not see the potential risk of what is, in fact, needle sharing.
Transgender Health and Hormone Therapy
Patients request hormones -- synthetic versions of chemicals that naturally occur in the body and promote sexlinked characteristics, like breast growth -- to develop physical features that allow them to express their gender identity. Hormones are available as pills and injections and in transdermal preparations (delivered through the skin as creams, gels, or patches). FTM persons may choose to take testosterone to increase body hair, deepen the voice, and develop more muscle mass, while MTF individuals may opt to take estrogen to enlarge the breasts, lose body and facial hair, transfer fat from the gut to the hips, and soften the skin. Hormone therapy can have the added benefit of connecting transgender people with medical care, including treatment for HIV and other chronic illnesses and education about HIV prevention.
The table summarizes the types of hormones and hormone-altering drugs and procedures used for feminization and masculinization, along with the permanent and temporary effects, risks, contraindications, and benefits and disadvantages of each.
Standards of Care
The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH, formerly known as the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association) has established internationally recognized standards of care (SOC) for the treatment of gender identity disorder (GID), defined as distress and social impairment caused by gender identity that is not aligned with birth sex.
The SOC is a consensus on psychiatric, psychological, medical, and surgical management of GID and protocols for hormonal reassignment of gender. Many physicians and transgender persons oppose the GID diagnosis, not viewing transgenderism as a "disorder" but rather as a natural, healthy expression of the range of gender variations that are part of the human experience.
Nonetheless, the SOC guidelines are commonly used for assessing mental health in transgender adults and children, and for managing surgery and hormone treatment in this toooften neglected population. According to the SOC, in order to begin hormone therapy, individuals should:
In some instances, the SOC notes, it may be acceptable to provide hormones to patients who have not fulfilled the third criteria -- for example, to facilitate the provision of monitored therapy using hormones of known quality, as an alternative to black-market or unsupervised hormone use.
To view the latest edition of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care for Gender Identity Disorders, visit http://wpath.org/Documents2/socv6.pdf.
Beginning and Monitoring Hormone Therapy
Health recommendations for those who wish to begin hormone treatment include smoking cessation, regular exercise, and reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Transdermal or intramuscular hormones may be recommended for older individuals or those with other (non-age-related) risk factors for blood clots.
A large Dutch cohort showed that prescribed and monitored hormone therapy did not increase mortality; rather, the number-one cause of death in this cohort was suicide. As discussed previously, many transgender persons have attempted or committed suicide and often struggle with mental illness. Thirty-two percent of a San Francisco-based sample of transgender persons had attempted suicide; younger age, depression, substance abuse, and a history of forced sex, genderbased discrimination, or gender-based victimization were associated with attempted suicide. Thus, in addition to a full medical history, a complete psychosocial history should be taken and any necessary mental health treatment should be initiated before beginning hormone therapy, to ensure the best possible outcome.
When obtained on the black market, hormones come with no quality assurance, recommended dosages, or medical monitoring. Some transgender persons obtain hormones illegally to supplement prescribed hormones and speed up or intensify the desired effects, which puts these individuals at increased risk for unwanted side effects and drug interactions. Medical monitoring is essential to safe and healthy hormone use.
Hormones and ART
-- JoAnne Keatley, MSW, Director of the Center of Excellence for Transgender HIV Prevention, UCSF
Treatment with hormones may provide an opportunity for patients to address HIV disease. Tom Waddell Health Center (TWHC), a San Francisco-based center that offers a transgender health clinic, advises that transgender health care providers should have expertise in HIV care.
Cross-gender hormone therapy is not contraindicated in HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at any stage of HIV-disease progression, although health care providers may still be wary, as there is so little medical literature on interactions between hormone therapy and antiretroviral drugs or the impact of hormones on CD4 counts for transgender persons. There is some evidence that certain HIV medications do impact hormone levels; for example, TWHC advises extreme care with the protease inhibitor indinavir (Crixivan) and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz (Sustiva), as they may increase levels of ethinyl estradiol, a form of the hormone estrogen. TWHC also advises transgender patients on hormone therapy to avoid the protease inhibitors fosamprenavir (Lexiva) and amprenavir (Agenerase; no longer widely available in the U.S.) because hormone therapy may decrease blood levels of these drugs by 20%, putting the patient at risk for drug-resistant HIV.
Sex Reassignment Surgery and HIV
Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) -- also called "gender confirmation surgery" -- includes a number of surgical options (see sidebar) which transgender persons may or may not choose to have, depending on their gender identity. SRS can be performed for HIV-positive transgender persons with a CD4 count of 200 cells/mm3 or above. The WPATH Standards of Care state that "it is unethical to deny availability or eligibility for sex reassignment surgeries or hormone therapy solely on the basis of blood seropositivity for blood-borne infections such as HIV, or hepatitis B or C, etc."
As with any surgery, the quality of the care the patient receives before, during, and after SRS is a major factor in how well and how quickly the individual recovers, and his or her satisfaction with this part of the transition experience. For both MTF and FTM persons, pre-procedure communication with surgeons and other members of the health care team is essential to a healthy recovery -- and to avoiding acquiring or transmitting HIV following surgery. Individuals should make sure they understand how long the healing time is for genital surgeries; sexual activity too soon may allow HIV to enter the body through unhealed surgical wounds or may put partners at risk for HIV transmitted through blood from surgical sites.
Once healing is complete, safersex tools like male or female condoms, dental dams, and latex gloves cut to fit a new "microphallus" can help protect the transgender individual and his or her sex partners from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Transgender women with neovaginas should be aware that most reconstructed vaginas cannot lubricate naturally; using a personal lubricant is recommended to decrease the likelihood that sex will cause abrasions and small tears through which HIV and other pathogens can pass. Care for a neovagina includes periodic dilation to prevent stenosis (narrowing). Microscopic tears caused by dilation or sex create ideal conditions for acquiring or transmitting HIV if barrier protection is not used during sexual intercourse.
In addition, the medical care team should be aware of any and all medications (including ART) the individual undergoing surgery is using to ensure continuity and avoid drug interactions during and after surgery. And regardless of their HIV status, transgender individuals who have had any sex reassignment surgery but retain pretransition organs or tissue remnants need regular screening for cancers commonly associated with their birth sex, including prostate, breast, cervical, and ovarian cancers.
Optimizing Health Care
"I try to model that I am comfortable talking, that [transgenderism] is nothing exotic. Routinize it, make it ordinary -- but at the same time acknowledge that, for many transgender patients, their past has been very challenging and overwhelming."
In addition, health insurance policies may not cover expensive treatments and surgeries sought by many transgender people; most insurance companies, employee health plans, and health maintenance organizations (HMOs) specifically exempt coverage for sex reassignment surgery, hormones, and electrolysis, deeming them elective or cosmetic.
Thus, both real and perceived discrimination in medical settings, in addition to most providers' lack of experience working with transgender clients, may keep transgender individuals from accessing appropriate medical treatment, seeking legal hormones, or getting tested and/or treated for HIV. In a fourcity study of antiretroviral drug use, for example, transgender persons had significantly lower rates of ART use compared with other populations.
Important guidelines developed by the Center of Excellence for Transgender HIV Prevention encourage medical providers to ask themselves whether the questions they are posing to transgender clients are medically necessary and relevant to their work. The California STD/HIV Prevention Training Center teaches providers working with transgender clients to frame questions in terms of what the provider needs to know and what he or she already knows, and how to ask questions sensitively. Structuring communication with patients in this way will hopefully prevent providers and medical office staff from "asking unnecessary or inappropriate questions that lead to making assumptions or lead to making the client or patient feel uncomfortable," says Jen Shockey, MPH, Behavioral Intervention Trainer at the California STD/HIV Prevention Training Center.
At the same time, it is essential that patient-provider communication be open and frank in order to ensure the best possible care. Says Lisa Capaldini, MD, "Don't make any assumptions. Ask. Just like you can't make any assumptions on sexual behavior based on whether someone is gay or straight, we really don't know anything about what (if any) medical, hormonal, or surgical treatments a trans person has had short of taking a focused and detailed history." The key is to make this historytaking as comfortable as possible for the patient, and, as JoAnne Keatley, MSW, puts it, this requires "grounding your work in the community." Best practices for health care rely on provider education: "Being responsive to the needs of the patient -- educating yourself around who the transgender community is and how to engage with them and address their health care needs -- is the most important practice that providers can incorporate into their [medical] practice."
The following simple practices, recommended by WPATH and TWHC, can help medical providers offer a comfortable environment and sensitive treatment for transgender clients.
Use appropriate pronouns and language:
Acknowledge geographic and social isolation and potential trauma history:
The transgender population is severely underserved and carries a disproportionate burden of HIV nationally and internationally. Many transgender individuals are uniquely dependent on an often inadequate health care system because their gender identity depends on feminizing or masculinizing medical procedures. All transgender persons, whether seeking such procedures or not, should have access to adequate medical care -- including prevention of and treatment for HIV and other conditions -- in a sensitive and supportive setting.
By adopting the practices recommended by the Center of Excellence for Transgender HIV Prevention, the Tom Waddell Health Center, and other transgender-focused organizations, health-care providers can take significant steps toward relieving some of the health disparities experienced by transgender persons. And by accessing the resources highlighted in this article, transgender individuals can become their own advocates in health clinics and doctors' offices and work better with providers to optimize their own health and well-being.
Kimberly Keller, MSc, recently served as the San Francisco AIDS Foundation's Research Analyst and helped to develop a peer-education program on acute HIV infection for the San Francisco Bay Area male-to-female transgender population.
Selected Sources
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (Text Revision). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. 2000.
Bockting, W. Transgender identity and HIV: Resilience in the face of stigma. Focus: A Guide to AIDS Research and Counseling from the AIDS Health Project. 23(2):1-4. Spring 2008.
Bockting, W. and others. Transgender HIV prevention: A qualitative needs assessment. AIDS Care 10(4):505-25. August 1998.
Bowman, C. and J. Goldberg. Care of the patient undergoing sex reassignment surgery. International Journal of Transgenderism 9(3/4):135-165. 2006.
Clements-Nolle, K. and others. HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: Implications for public health intervention. American Journal of Public Health 91(6):915-21. June 2001.
De Cuypere, G. and others. Prevalence and demography of transsexualism in Belgium. European Psychiatry 22(3):137-41. April 2007.
Edney, R. To keep me safe from harm? Transgender prisoners and the experience of imprisonment. Deakin Law Review 9(2):327-38. 2004.
Feldman, J. and J. Goldberg. Transgender primary medical care. International Journal of Transgenderism 9(3/4):3-34. June 2007.
Herbst, J. and others. Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior 12:1-17. January 2008.
Keatley, J. and others. Transgender global HIV/AIDS epidemiology. Presentation at the 17th International AIDS Conference. Mexico City. August 3-8, 2008.
Kessler, S. and W. McKenna. Who put the "trans" in transgender? Gender theory and everyday life. International Journal of Transgenderism 4(3). July-September 2000.
Mayer K. and others. Sexual and gender minority health: What we know and what needs to be done. American Journal of Public Health 98(6):989-94. June 2008.
Nemoto, T. and others. Health and social services for male-to-female transgender persons of color in San Francisco. International Journal of Transgenderism 8(2/3):5-19. 2005.
Nemoto, T. and others. HIV risk behaviors among male-tofemale transgender persons of color in San Francisco. American Journal of Public Health 94 (7):1193-99. July 2004.
Operario, D. Outside the box: HIV prevention with hardto- categorize people. Focus: A Guide to AIDS Research and Counseling from the AIDS Health Project 23(2):5-8. Spring 2008.
Tom Waddell Health Center. Protocols for hormonal reassignment of gender. December 2006. http://www.sfdph.org/dph/comupg/oservices/medSvs/hlthCtrs/TransGendprotocols122006.pdf.
van Kesteren, P. and others. Mortality and morbidity in transsexual patients treated with cross-sex hormones. Clinical Endocrinology 47(3):337-42. September 1997.
Want to read more articles in the Summer/Fall 2009 issue of Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS? Click here.
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Garrett Winegar (1702-1756)
Garrett Winegar, the only son of Ulrich and Anna, was born in Germany in 1702. He traveled with his family to New York, lived 14 years in the East Camp previously described, and then settled in Amenia in 1724. He was naturalized in 1716 under the name of Hans Gerhard Weyniger. He married Catherine Snyder, another Palatine immigrant, in about 1725. Garrett had 14 children, nine boys and 5 girls. Our ancestor is Ulrich(3).
Garrett is frequently referred to as Captain Winegar and probably served in the British Army. He was confirmed Ensign of the South Company of the Train Band of Sharon Connecticut in May, 1745, and Captain of the same in October, 1747. In about 1739, he purchased 300-400 acres in Sharon, Connecticut, and built a grist mill. This was the first mill in the area and ground grain that the settlers ate. He held a number of positions in the community and was considered intelligent and well educated, mostly in German. He was very friendly with the Indians, by whom he was regarded with greatest respect and many times defended them against the injustice of his white neighbors. In his death, he charged his children to never allow an Indian to go from their door in want of food. He died of Bilious Cholic at the age of 54 and was buried with his parents in the Amenia Cemetery.
One of Garrett's sons Hendrick built a mansion in Amenia in 1761. It became know in the area as the Winegar House and survived until about 2000 when it collapsed under a load of snow. An effort by Winegar descendants to raise money to preserve it was unsuccessful. The pictures below show the house as it was before and after the collapse.
Garrett owned one slave named Tom. In his will he referred to Tom as "a faithful and good tenant my will is that when he is unable for service he shall be maintained out of my estate comfortable as long as he shall live and not be sold out of my family nor from this house if any of my family living there." In the 1790 census his son Conrad is showed owning one slave. This is 35 years after Garrett's death and may or may not be the same man. No other records I have seen show slave holding among the Winegars.
Dr. Thomas Young
Thomas Young practiced medicine in the Oblong (Amenia) for 11 years. At one time he lived in Garrett's home and met Garrett's daughter Mary, whom he later married. While living in Amenia, Young became friends with Ethan Allen. He became convinced that Dutchess County was not doing enough to stop the British from interfering in colonial affairs. He moved to Albany and actively opposed the operation of the Stamp Act and then moved to Boston. As war approached he became a member of the Committee of Correspondence. Other than Samuel Adams, he was the most active member. He spoke at the Old South Meeting House on December 16, 1773 a few hours before the tea was thrown overboard. Young was the only member of the Boston Tea Party who was not disguised as an Indian.
When friends learned of an attempt to kidnap Young and take him to England to be tried for treason, he escaped to Philadelphia where his family joined him. Here he became secretary of the Whig Society and associated with a small group of radicals who with the counsel of Benjamin Franklin framed the constitution of Pennsylvania. He died in 1777 from an illness contracted while caring for wounded and sick soldiers.
Thomas Young is credited with naming the state of Vermont, as well as Amenia.
After her husbands death, Mary Winegar disposed of her property and took most of her pay in Continental currency, which became worthless, and she became penniless. This was a common occurrence among several of our ancestors.
Ulrich Winegar (3) (1729-1812)
Ulrich was the third son of Garrett. He married Anna Nase about 1748. Possibly because of a conflict with his brothers, he built his own grist mill about a mile northof the one built by his father. He was not very successful in business and was frequently quite poor. At times he was supported by his son Ashbel (our Ancestor).
Ulrich served as a Sergeant in the French and Indian War. He and Anna had 5 sons and two daughters. His wife died, and he remarried Sarah Tolles. It is interesting to note that Sarah is a direct descendent of Roger Alling, a Bliss ancestor. He died in 1712 in Nassau, Rensselaer Co., New York at the home of Ulrich (5), his grandson.
Ashbel(4) Winegar (1754-1809)
Ashbel, a house carpenter, was born in Amenia. He married Elizabeth Carr and had nine children, Ulrich (5) being our ancestor. He served in the Revolutionary War in both the 6th Regiment, Dutchess County Militia and in the 4thRegiment, Albany County Militia. He is in the 4th Regiment records as Ashbel Vinigar. Dutchess County was very important to the revolutionary effort. It is located on the Hudson River, which was the main route between British forces in Canada and in New York City. Whoever controlled the river had a major advantage. Those living in the county had to take a loyalty oath to either the Brittish or the Colonials. The population was divided with approximately one-third supporting the British. James Fennimore Cooper's novel, The Spy was set in this area and time.


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Despite recording the nation's third highest fatality rate from alcohol-related vehicle crashes, Mississippi has improperly diverted millions of federal highway grant dollars designated for addressing the problem, the U.S. Transportation Department's inspector general has found.
In an audit issued last week, the inspector general harshly criticized the state's transportation department, estimating that of $45 million that was paid to Mississippi from fiscal 2007 to 2010 for highway safety, more than $7 million was improperly channeled to state and local law enforcement agencies for use in general enforcement, such as curbing speeding or seat-belt violations.
It said that 93 of 127 state and local police officers whose federally funded activities were reviewed did not issue any citations for driving while intoxicated (DUI) during the period analyzed.
The audit was the latest round in a six-year battle between the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, known as the NHTSA, and Mississippi officials over what the agency described as the state's "weak financial management controls and poor conformance with grant requirements," the audit found.
In 2011, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration designated Mississippi as the nation's only "high-risk grantee" because of its lax compliance with the federal grant conditions.
While NHTSA officials requested the audit, auditors also criticized the agency itself for weak oversight of Mississippi's handling of federal highway safety dollars.
Mississippi has the highest rate of vehicle fatalities in the nation, in addition to its soaring incidence of alcohol-related traffic deaths, NHTSA said.
Because it is one of 11 states that have yet to pass laws barring open containers in vehicles, federal law requires that 3 percent of its federal-aid highway construction funds be shifted to highway safety programs that create countermeasures to alcohol-impaired driving or focus on enforcement of drinking and driving laws or "hazard elimination activities."
As a result, in addition to receiving $20.8 million in highway safety money from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration over the four-year audit period, the state transferred $36.3 million in federal highway construction funds to programs aimed at curbing drunken driving.
Auditors examined a statistical sample of $10.4 million of $45.3 million reimbursed to the state during the four-year span and identified $102,218 in improper payments.
Based on statistical projection, the report said, the Mississippi Office of Highway Safety claimed about $7.1 million in reimbursements for ineligible expenditures over the four years.
For example, the report said, only 147, or 5 percent, of the 2,926 citations that 127 officers issued were for DUI violations.
Because the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has issued no standard or target for how many DUI citations an officer should issue, the auditors set a baseline of one citation for every two eight-hour work shifts, a standard that NHTSA officials deemed reasonable.
It said that only 21 of the 127 officers met that threshold. During a four-week period, one officer issued 26 DUI citations, while another issued none, the auditors reported.
Following completion of the audit, the report said, NHTSA informed auditors that the state Office of Highway Safety had taken actions to correct weaknesses in its internal controls, including hiring a new finance manager and agreeing to add an auditor to its staff this year.


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FAQs about WVU Relationship
A state law passed in 2008 changed West Virginia University at Parkersburg's relationship with West Virginia University. The purpose of the legislation was to create a statewide network of independent community colleges, including WVU Parkersburg. The law established the WVU at Parkersburg Board of Governors as the college's governing board to serve the needs of the local region and community. The legislation allowed WVU Parkersburg to continue an affiliation with WVU.
Here are some frequently asked questions and answers:
Will WVU Parkersburg change its name?
At its April 27, 2009 meeting, the WVU Parkersburg Board of Governors decided to seek community and campus input regarding the possibility of changing the college's name.
Community and campus forums as well as an on-line survey were conducted to collect input. More than 800 completed the on-line survey. The feedback was shared with the Parkersburg Board of Governors.
At its June 10, 2009 meeting, the WVU at Parkersburg Board of Governors took action to retain the WVU Parkersburg name. The WVU Parkersburg Board of Governors unanimously approved a Trademark License Agreement which allows the Parkersburg campus to continue the use of the WVU Parkersburg name, logo and related indicia.
Is WVU Parkersburg still affiliated with WVU?
The boards of governors at each institution have developed cooperative agreements to continue WVU Parkersburg's relationship with WVU as an "affiliated institution."
The WVU Parkersburg Board of Governors approved a Memorandum of Understanding agreement with WVU on May 18, 2009. WVU's Board of Governors had approved the agreement earlier at its April 23rd meeting. The MOU document outlines a formal relationship between the two institutions, designates WVU Parkersburg as an "affiliated institution" of WVU, and establishes WVU Parkersburg as "the exclusive platform for WVU to deliver educational services to the Mid-Ohio Valley."
At its June 10, 2009 meeting, the WVU Parkersburg Board of Governors unanimously approved Trademark License Agreement and Services Agreement documents which WVU's Board of Governors had already endorsed.
Will my WVU Parkersburg credits transfer to other colleges/universities, including West Virginia University?
Yes. This law has no impact on the transfer of credits to other institutions.
Will WVU Parkersburg continue to offer bachelor's degrees?
Yes. Bachelor's degrees offered at WVU Parkersburg are WVU Parkersburg degrees. The Parkersburg campus is accredited by a regional accrediting agency (The Higher Learning Commission) to offer certificates, associate and bachelor's degrees. Undergraduate programs, including four-year degrees, are WVU Parkersburg programs.
What impact did these changes have on the quality and availability of WVU Parkersburg programs?
WVU Parkersburg has always provided the college's academic and student services. You can count on WVU Parkersburg to continue to provide a quality, affordable college education. Plans exist to expand both bachelor and associate degree offerings.
Will WVU graduate degrees continue to be offered on the WVU Parkersburg campus?
Yes. WVU Parkersburg is the "exclusive platform" for delivery of WVU graduate-level programs in the Mid-Ohio Valley.
I have other questions. Is there someone I can contact?
Send any questions you have to ude.puvwnull@ofnipuvw.


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Running a restaurant — any restaurant — is hard work. But running Farm Stand in El Segundo is harder than hard work, it's like Sisyphus, the Greek king who was doomed to pushing that rock up a hill for eternity. Farm Stand is committed to so many righteous, upright, decent causes and movements that vetting the produce must keep the staff up late, night after night. Consider the pledges made under the heading, "We Take a Stand":
"Non-GMO project enrolled or verified ingredients …"
"Natural, organic, sustainable, fairly traded local foods …"
"100 percent natural, non-GMO, free range, no hormones, no antibiotics, meats and poultry and seafood that is recommended by the Seafood Watch …"
"Produce from farms using organic practices …"
"Nature's colorful 'Superfoods' throughout our menu …"
"Organic dairy products with no hormones …"
"Minimal oils and NO trans-fats …"
Reading through all that, it's surprise they serve anything other than water. But they do — lots more. Dishes here are, simply speaking, delicious. The wonder of Farm Stand is that those in the kitchen have managed to find a balance between their moral imperatives and sending out chow that's pretty fine, at prices that are suitably — perhaps even unexpectedly — reasonable. (All those fancy words in their manifesto usually translate into a large check. In this case, though they're not giving the food away, the price points are right in line.)
As restaurants go, Farm Stand has a quirky configuration. There are a handful of small tables in front on Main Street, but most folks seem to prefer sitting in either the spacious inside dining room or the adjacent semi-outside dining room, which is protected from the elements by an overhead awning. Wherever you sit, the staff is as friendly as could be — chatty without being a bother and informative about every dish.
If you want bread, out comes a warm and crispy pita, accompanied by a pair of oils (one reddish and spicy, the other greenish and vegetable-ish). The dining room looks like it's filled with wine drinkers, but actually, the house water is served in wine bottles, which are endlessly replenished. (I'm assuming the water has been well filtered; it's that sort of a place.)
There's certainly a "healthy" underpinning here, but it's not obsessive. Probably the healthiest dish on the menu is the "From Farm to You Soup," which the menu informs us is, "Loaded with 'Superfoods' — fresh cut herbs, organic barley, organic chick peas, organic pintos, organic lentils, caramelized onions, garlic, turmeric, sauteed mint, organic yogurt."
A good way to begin, albeit a bit filling, is with the assortment house dips, which include hummus, Turkish eggplant and cucumber-mint flavored yogurt. They're hard to resist, but you'll probably put them aside when the beef short rib tacos show up, cooked until they just about melt, served on tortillas made of nopales cactus.
They also make a fine chicken sausage meatball that's hard not to inhale. And I do like their stuffed mushrooms; the bacon in the stuffing is terrific, though I could do without the pecans.
I suspect they sell a lot of their salmon salad here (I could see it at tables all around me). You have a choice of two chunks of salmon with avocado. Two chunks should do for most appetites, and the avocado is a nice textural and taste addition. The salmon reappears as an entree, served with rice pilaf and roasted vegetables. But lest I give the impressive that this is a largely meatless menu — trust me, it's far from it.
There's a meatloaf made of duck, a lamb French dip with cilantro pesto, a bell pepper stuffed with chicken and beef, a chunky lamb shank that can probably be eaten with a spoon, a filet mignon with a Roquefort cream sauce, and — yes — a choice of burgers. You can get your patty in beef, chicken or lamb.
There are also plenty of craft beers as well as wines, which are listed on a menu with headings of, "White Wines Under $50" and "Red Wines Under $50." There are even wines under $30. This demands respect and gratitude — and our continued support.
Merrill Shindler is a Los Angeles-based freelance dining critic. Send him email at email@example.com.


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2:00 pm
Cat in the Hat Knows A Lot About That! "Sniff and Seek/Aye Aye!" Sniff and Seek - Nick's most favourite smell is chocolate chip cookies! But what is Sally's? She's not sure. What better way to find out than by playing sniff and seek with a skunk! Cat introduces Nick and Sally to Whiffy, and in the adventure of finding Sally's favourite smell they discover how good Whiffy is at protecting himself with his very own special smell. Aye Aye! - Nick and Sally are making Halloween masks, but they want to make them really scary. D
2:30 pm
Wild Kratts "Cheetah Racer" Chris and Martin announce that no creature or vehicle can travel as fast over the rough and tumble African savannah as the cheetah. Aviva takes the challenge and declares she will build a ground racer that can run even faster than a cheetah. Of course Zach wants to prove that he is a better inventor than Aviva and joins the race. D
3:00 pm
Outdoor Idaho "Canyonlands Calling" Cameras roam desert expanses, narrow canyons, mountains and rock formations of the southwest corner of Idaho. Participants reveal how eight years of collaborative effort among many interests can culminate in the federal Owyhee Initiative that includes many uses, including designated wilderness.G
3:30 pm
Dialogue "Thomas Keneally: Conversations from the Sun Valley Writers' Conference" Host Marcia Franklin talks with the author of Schindler's Ark, the basis for the Oscar-winning movie, Schindler's List. The Australian writer, who is of Irish ancestry, has recently published The Tyrant's Novel, an account of the Irish diaspora.G
4:00 pm
Bluegrass Underground "Scott Miller & The Commonwealth" Americana pioneer Miller remains a roots-rock legend for his "burn-the-juke-joint-down" band, the V-Roys, and his work with singer/songwriter Steve Earle. His band, the Commonwealth, brings a bluegrass and edgy mountain tinge to that sound, framing Miller's finely crafted songs written in the grand Southern literary tradition. D
4:30 pm
Music Voyager "Nashville: Music City" Known as the capital of country music, Nashville also is home to some of the world's top singer-songwriters and rock and pop bands. Host Jacob Edgar receives a personal tour of Nashville's iconic Grand Ole Opry by country superstar Vince Gill. Then, he sees Elizabeth Miller perform at a funky bar in East Nashville, the bohemian district home to many of the city's musicians. D
5:00 pm
PBS NewsHour NULL
6:00 pm
Lark Rise to Candleford Milkmaid Nan takes a fancy to Alf but their budding love may be thwarted by an animosity between neighbors. In Candleford, James Dowland strives to mend his relationship with Dorcas, which interferes with his business interests, threatening Thomas Brown's job and his relationship with Miss Ellison.G
7:00 pm
Midsomer Murders "A Talent for Life, Part 1" In the village of Malham Bridge, Barnaby and Troy are faced with a double murder when feisty former socialite Isobel Hewitt and local Casanova Dr. Duncan Goff are found bludgeoned to death together by a nearby fishing river. Part 1 of 2G
8:00 pm
Masterpiece Classic "Mr. Selfridge, Part 2" Harry Selfridge puts cosmetics counters at the front of his London store, which was not uncommon in Paris, but English ladies consider beauty products a hush-hush subject. Meanwhile, his private life gets complicated as music-hall artiste Ellen Love, socialite Lady Mae Loxley and his wife, Rose, make waves. Part 2 of 8G
9:00 pm
Death In Paradise Angelique Morel, a local voodoo priestess, predicts her own murder by a scarred man and is found dead the next day. Richard finds it hard to understand his team's belief that her predictions must have become a reality, and wants to convince the team her death had nothing to do with voodoo spirits and everything to do with cyanide poisoning.G
10:00 pm
Call The Midwife "S2 E2" The Nonnatus community is rocked when the Kelly family's newborn son dies in unexplained circumstances. Cynthia, who had attended the birth, comes under intense scrutiny from the police and the pregnant women of Poplar. Despite reassurances from her friends and colleagues, Cynthia questions her own abilities and the strain takes its toll on her work and health.G
11:00 pm
Lark Rise to Candleford Milkmaid Nan takes a fancy to Alf but their budding love may be thwarted by an animosity between neighbors. In Candleford, James Dowland strives to mend his relationship with Dorcas, which interferes with his business interests, threatening Thomas Brown's job and his relationship with Miss Ellison.G


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VBA Expert needed for urgent Project
Budget $20-50 AUD
I need a VBA Expert for my urgent project. Please bid if you can start rightaway.
Bid only if you are expert.
36 freelancere byder i gennemsnit $74 på dette job
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Rick Ross Responds To 50 Cent Releasing s3x Tape! "OH Thats Big. I Like That. Lloyd Banks s3x Tape Did Good Too" + "In The South That Don't Go On. Thats Why New York Music Is In The Position Its In. You Aint Makin Hot Records Any More" [Audio]
DJ Heat reports ""Rick Ross dropped by Big Tigger's Live in the Den radio show and spoke on his beef with 50 Cent, the Corrections Officer situation, his new album, and more.""
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a wedding tumblr. sigh.
a poignant look at a marriage ending young.
did you all watch HBO's Girls? what did you think? an interesting response to all the response.
ed norton can write. and he's got some really good, really important stuff to say. (earth day).
i love this. what did you do (or are you doing) with your twenties?
thinking of taking up running. (though in all fairness i've been thinking about this for most of my adult life).
and the giveaway winner:


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Links to reviews I wrote this week for the Herald, and etc.
Amour. "Deserves its accolades."
Quartet. "Something way too easy about that kind of humor."
Wagner & Me. "Fry brings all the fanboy enthusiasm he can muster."
My Worst Nightmare. "Tilts decidedly toward the comic."
On KUOW's "Weekday," I talk with Steve Scher about how much we need to know about an artist's life and whether that affects our appreciation of the art, a subject prompted by two items: Stephen Fry's film Wagner and Me and Jodie Foster's Golden Globes speech. The conversation is archived here.
Sunday, January 27 at 2 p.m., I'll introduce a free screening of Seraphine, as part of the Magic Lantern program at the Frye Art Museum. More info here.
Wednesday, January 30, I'll speak at the Seattle Office of Film + Music's "Happy Hour," on my role as the curator of the Museum of History and Industry's "Celluloid Seattle: A City at the Movies" exhibition, and the idea of Seattle as an "imagined place" on film. The Happy Hour goes at the Spitfire in Belltown, runs from 5 to 7, the talk commences at 6:30; more info here.
At What a Feeling!, catch up on the Eighties vibe with newly-posted reviews of John Flynn's Stallone underachiever, Lock Up, and Richard Greenberg's Little Monsters.
Filed under: Uncategorized | Leave a comment »


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Directions: Respond to the questions based on the training and preparation you received at Cameron University. When responding to each item, reflect on the experiences you have had both as a candidate in the university classroom and as an educator in the public
school classroom. Use the rating scale below and mark your response.
1 = little or none
2 = below average
3 = average
4 = above average
5 = superior


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Iowa Master of Legal Studies On-Campus Programs | MLS, LLM MSL Schools
If graduate school for law is on your radar, a variety of universities offer either a Masters in Law (LLM), Master of Science in Law (MSL) or Master of Legal Studies on-Campus program. To understand the type of law graduate degree you are looking for may help you to narrow down some choices for graduate schools of law and legal studies since there are some distinctions between programs.
Why Consider Master of Legal Studies On-Campus Programs?
Master of legal studies on-campus programs offer law students and professionals the opportunity not only to gain an education in the law but also to learn how to think critically, reason, debate and engage in legal research. As post-graduate law education, most programs require students to have earned an undergraduate degree from an accredited college or university, and students may come from a variety of backgrounds, including but not limited to, a Bachelors in legal studies or law degree.
- Law School for non-lawyers: Most graduate degree in law programs such as the Masters of legal studies are designed for non-lawyers, who find themselves in careers where they might benefit from learning about legal procedures such as contract negotiations.
- Understand U.S. legal system: Other Masters in law programs such as LLM degree programs may help international students brush up on their knowledge of the United States legal system. Alternatively, a U.S. student might choose a Master of Law in International Law to understand how the legal system works in a foreign country. This might be of interest to current and/or aspiring immigration lawyers.
- Potentially expand a law Practice: Or, graduate law school may be a place where currently licensed lawyers continue their education by learning a specialized area of practice such as Masters of law degrees in environmental law or taxation law.
DID YOU KNOW? When surveyed about their education level, 16 % of Labor Arbitrators indicated they had earned a Master's degree.i
Potential Benefits of On-Campus MLS, MSL or LLM Programs
Master of legal studies on-campus programs may vary in curriculum and format, however, unlike for most fully MLS online programs, there is face-to-face learning. In fact, students may be in small law graduate school classes where they may have the opportunity to develop mentorships, personal and professional relationships with classmates, lecturers and teachers.
- MLS, LLM and MSL schools may also cater to working professionals by offering classes in the evenings;
- Some Masters in Legal Studies schools may also have full-time and part-time enrollment options;
- You may have the opportunity to join campus associations, organizations or network with peers;
- Law graduate schools may use a highly interactive form of class discussion and analysis which might include debating issues, examining case studies, and Socratic questioning;
- Law courses may use interviewing courses to help students apply their knowledge;
What Might I Look for in MLS, LLM, MSL Schools?
Some of the factors you may wish to consider in choosing a graduate school for law and legal studies are;
- What type of law graduate degree you are interested in? Master of science in Law, MA Legal Studies, MSL degree or LLM degree are some of the options you might be scrolling through
- Subject Specialties
- Finding accredited MLS, LLM or MSL Schools
- Location needs
Master of Studies in Law On-Campus Programs
MSL Schools: Master of Studies in Law (MSL) degree campus programs may be oriented for non-lawyers who want to learn the basics of legal concepts and explore the relationship between law and their discipline (science, technology, mathematics, engineering, business). Typically, the MSL degree is a one-year program and it is intended for those who do not desire a professional law degree.
Master of Legal Studies On-Campus Programs
MLS Schools: Master of Legal Studies on-campus (MLS) degree programs are also typically one-year degree programs oriented to non-lawyers who may work or aspire to work with regulations, negotiations, legal issues or lawyers. Students may also learn the process of legal analysis through case examinations or in learning about the laws and regulations that are related to their special interests (e.g. Intellectual property).
MA Legal Studies or Master of Science in Law Schools may also offer similar types of graduate degrees in law which may address issues such as compliance and how the regulatory environments might affect different types of professionals and entrepreneurs.
Masters of Law On-Campus Programs
LLM Schools: Masters of Law (LLM degree) campus programs are law graduate programs which are oriented to students (currently licensed attorneys) who have previously earned a Juris Doctor from an ABA-accredited law school or comparable legal degree from a non-U.S. law school. The LLM is not a law degree that prepares its graduates to take the Bar exams, however it might help an attorney refine skills and expand comprehension and expertise in a specific domain.
Find a Master of Legal Studies on-Campus program in a specific location: Are you looking for an MLS degree program or LLM degree program in a specific city, state or country? Use the location setting on our navigation to refine your search results. Location may be a consequential factor – especially if a graduate school for law and legal studies has partnerships with local businesses, law firms or other organizations where you might expand your professional circles or possibly, career opportunities.
Masters in Legal Studies on Campus: Specialty Programs
Look for Masters in legal studies on-campus programs using our on-page navigation in specialty areas such as:
- Masters in Environmental Law campus programs
- Masters in Health Care Law campus programs
- Masters in Intellectual Property campus programs
- Masters in International Law campus programs
- JD Law Programs campus programs
- LLM's Masters of Law campus programs
- Masters in Taxation Law campus programs
Prospective legal studies Masters degree students might also consider any law-related volunteer, clinic, internship or externship programs are available by prospective law graduate schools.
Find Accredited MLS, LLM and MSL Schools
Accreditation is a process in which an outside agency or agencies evaluate a school's programs and faculty to ensure that they meet applicable academic and/or professional standards. The U.S. Department of Education does not accredit institutions itself, but it does recognize six regional accrediting agencies including the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) and the North Central Association (NCA). Masters of Legal Studies on-Campus programs may be offered at graduate schools with such regional accreditation. A fully accredited law school may be accredited by the American Bar Association which is the accreditation agency for law programs that lead to the Juris Doctor Degree.
Take the Next Step
Find campus-based Master in Legal Studies, Master of Science in Law and Masters of Law degree programs in law you are passionate about. Use the assistance of our on-page navigation to refine your preferences by 'specialty', then submit a form to request more information from the schools on your list. Take the next step in your legal studies and law graduate education today.
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- Des Moines, IADes Moines, IA
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Whether you aspire to or currently work in a regulated field or within the legal framework or process, gaining advanced insights into the law could help you increase your effectiveness and career opportunities.* Legal knowledge is no longer solely in de...
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The College of Law consists of approximately 650 students and 50 faculty members. Its law library ranks as one of the top collections in the country.
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Drake University
If you have a passion for the law and also want to hone your business acumen, the Juris Doctorate (JD)/MBAjoint program allow you to pursue both interests. These options, available only to full-time students, consists of a minimum of 81 law hours and 30...
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By earning a Master of Science in Legal Studies , you could prepare to pursue a career that requires a strong understanding...
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organize - share - show
mobile site
myblood-line is a family tree application that takes a different approach, by bringing together the power of personal computing and the power of information sharing.
As such it meets the requirements of the contemporary genealogists, hobbyist and professional
26 August 2011
Introducing Calendar Converter or iPod Touch, iPhone and iPad.
More info here.
6 May 2011
Preview of myblood-line version 2 on our blog
Download MyBlood
Download MyBlood
Making a private website
First Belgium postage stamp
Updated myblood-line website now also for mobile devices
British Pathe
preview 1: myblood-line v2
MyBlood becomes myblood-line


text: I have three children – still getting used to that. Of course I love them all so dearly but I love them differently. Each child is an individual, different from one another, interpreting and interacting with the world uniquely. Baron is creative. Sensitive and tender. A raised voice causes him to crumble, a gentle touch… Read more »


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Samsung SCX-5115 Toner CartridgesBack to Ink & Toner Finder
Samsung SCX toner cartridges for the Samsung SCX 5115 are here and ready to ride those 18 wheels straight to your door!
When you're in the market for toner cartridges, you'll run across the terms OEM, Remanufactured, and Compatible. A brief primer:
- OEM Samsung SCX toner cartridges are produced by Samsung itself for use with the Samsung SCX 5115 . The terms "original" and "genuine" are used interchangeably with "OEM."
- Remanufactured Samsung SCX toner cartridges are used toner cartridges refitted for further use. The refitting process involves cleaning, refilling, and testing the toner cartridge before being repackaged for sale.
- Compatible Samsung SCX toner cartridges have been made entirely by a different company and made to fit the Samsung SCX 5115 printer.
Below, you'll find your entire selection of Samsung SCX toner cartridges designed for the Samsung SCX 5115 printer.
Sorry, no products are available for this printer.


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JD Foster, VMD, DACVIM, Friendship Hospital for Animals, Washington, DC
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Last Tuesday I had 130 push-ups left to go. Not counting today (since I haven't done any yet), I've completed 170. So: mission accomplished! After the first week of setting a habit and gaining a bit of strength, it was a pretty easy challenge too. I find myself impressed at what the human body can adapt to, especially one that leads a sedentary life like mine.
|9/25 Tuesday
|20 35
|9/26 Wednesday
|20 20
|9/27 Thursday
|9/28 Friday
|25 30
|9/29 Saturday
|9/30 Sunday
As you can see I sort of petered out toward the end, mostly on purpose to be honest. Ten or so days ago I noticed myself feeling fatigued, and I thought maybe some rest would allow me to do fewer sets of many more reps. That's an hypothesis I haven't fully tested yet, so let me go collect some data now...
Whew. Okay. That was 35. And a tough 35 at that. With the right type of coercion I probably could have done another five consecutively, which would meet my 2012 resolution of 40-consecutive-push-ups. My plan for the rest of the year is to do sets of 30 or 35 any time I'm not feeling fatigued, with the hope that I'll reach another fitness plateau. From there it's a short jump to 40.
In the course of the past month I've greatly increased my upper body strength. This may be a bit presumptuous, but here goes: after this month I'm of the opinion that any able-bodied man should be able do 20 consecutive push-ups. At least. Maybe it's easier for my 25-year-old body to ramp up than someone nearing the traditional retirement age. But if you can do a single push-up, that's your first step; then you put one metaphorical foot in front of the other until you can string together a set of five, ten, fifteen. You don't have to rush yourself either. It's just too simple not to. No equipment required, just lie on the floor and push.
Okay enough proselytizing about push-ups. I've taken a long enough break from discussing personal finance. Expect October to be more oriented on dollars and cents, budgets and loan payoffs, investing and other financial goals. Just take this as a reminder that Mustachianism is not totally, or even mostly, about money.


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Al Ain Dairy unveils big Gulfood plans
Dubai, January 29, 2012
Al Ain Dairy, one of the largest dairy producers and leading FMCG brands, said it will be showcasing its new range of products including camel milk, new flavour offerings, cow milk variants and juices, at the upcoming Gulfood expo.
Gulfood is the one of the world's largest annual food and hospitality shows which will be held in Dubai from February 19 to 22.
Announcing its participation, Al Ain Dairy COO Shashi Kumar Menon remarked, "Gulfood is an important part of our event calendar and the opportunity to showcase ourselves. 2011 was a great year for us, and the company plans to roll out a range of new products across the whole portfolio in line with objectives."
The new plan, he said, meets with overall trends in growing consumer demand and also reflects diversifying taste in the region.
According to him, Al Ain will be showcasing its new flavor offerings of drinking yoghurt-based Morning Drink as well as new flavors' in the stirred fruit category such as Kiwi, Mango & Pineapple.
Renowned for introducing innovative product to market, Al Ain Dairy had last year won the award for its Cardamom Milk in the innovative products category at SIAL Abu Dhabi expo, Menon added.
The UAE's largest dairy company Al Ain Dairy plans to introduce many more new products this year and boost the production volumes across the entire product range in 2012, the company said in a statement.
Al Ain announced the launch of the first of its new product for this year - "Morning" drinking yoghurt variant Mango Passion.
The company plans to introduce range of camel milk products including niche ice cream flavors, plus additions to its cow milk variants and juices that will complement their existing portfolio including new juice combinations, yoghurts, and Laban varieties.
Menon said Al Ain was eyeing further growth from potential new markets and ready to meet the challenge that will propel production and supply chain to the next level.
"Overall we are seeing a general growth trend in all areas of our business so the future looks very good indeed for Al Ain Dairy," he noted.
Established in 1981, Al Ain Dairy is a forward moving company and has announced expansion plans and major investments.
Last year, it had invested $2.5 million on its new camel milking parlor. This year it plans to invest further $150 million in a new cow farm and initiate a D100 million ($27.21 million) expansion of its plant and factory which will double of the company's output, Menon added.-TradeArabia News Service