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(non-needle acupuncture) for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain - iBrarian
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Becoming an Instant Acupuncturist: Basic Level Korean Hand Therapy (non-needle acupuncture) for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain Lawrence Li, MD, MPH and Dan Lobash, Ph.D., L.Ac. Objectives: Following this presentation, the participant will be able to: 1. Describe the Traditional Chinese Medicine theory for how acupuncture works and list conditions for which acupuncture is useful based on evidence. 2. Describe the Korean Hand Therapy (KHT) Reflexology map of the body on the hand. 3. Learn to use the Korean Hand Therapy Correspondence system to treat neck pain, headache, low back pain, and arm/leg pain. a. Successfully treat at least one of your workshop colleagues. b. Successfully be treated by at least one of your colleagues. 4. Answer common patient questions about KHT Correspondence treatments. 5. Use a comprehensive Integrative medical approach to evaluate and manage musculoskeletal pain.
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) • The patient is a microcosm of the universe, subject to the influences of the environment and internal harmony, as well as the interplay between the yin and yang. External factors: wind, heat, dryness, dampness, cold Internal factors: anxiety, sadness, anger, introspection, elation. • Treatment includes acupuncture, massage, herbal medicine, movement arts, and breathing exercises. Acupuncture may only represent only 10% of a treatment plan. • TCM has a different anatomical and physiological construct which is internally logical and consistent but irreconcilably different from the Western model. To explain TCM in Western terms is difficult, but to explain TCM from an Eastern philosophical standpoint is easy. Ultimately, a Western practitioner must accept acupuncture as a scientifically validated treatment without fully understanding its mechanism of action. Our own understanding of Western medicine has shifted radically every decade with scientific research and paradigm shifts, e.g., coronary artery disease
Acupuncture Zhen Jiu = "needle moxibustion" Over 30 styles of acupuncture, including Microsystems and Reflexology systems (Dale 1999) More than one-third of the world's population receives acupuncture as part of their medical care. Classical Chinese Acupuncture: • 670 standard acupuncture points: 309 on 12 principal meridians. Extra points, tender points by palpation. Insertion of fine needles into points on the body to reduce pain, engender healing. • Contemporary stimulation via pressure (shiatsu massage), lasers, magnets, heat, herbs, metals. Korean Hand Therapy (KHT). System developed in 1975 by Dr. Tae Woo Yoo. • Relatively painless, produces fast results. Maps classical body meridians —> hand. • Multiple treatment approaches: small needles, 1 mm depth; hand pellets (needle-less acupuncture), electromagnetic stimulation, mental (distance healing) Ear Acupuncture/Acupressure. Another very useful microsystem.
Scientific Basis of Acupuncture Acupuncture can cause multiple local and distant biological responses, including • Increased blood flow, strengthening of the host immune response. • Activation of the body's opioid neurohumeral system; changes the processing and perception of painful stimuli carried to and from the central nervous system. • Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system via the hypothalamus and brain stem; SPECT scan: acupuncture increases blood flow to the lateral thalamus nuclei, which controls the transmission of pain and sensory neural signaling. Using local anesthetics at the acupuncture site can block this effect. Opioid antagonists (such as naloxone) or benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium) have been demonstrated to reverse the analgesic effects of acupuncture (Eriksson, Lundeberg et al. 1991). Studies reveal that patient attitudes about acupuncture do not affect the effectiveness of treatment.
Acupuncture and The Evidence 1997 National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference on Acupuncture: reviewed scientific evidence supporting the use of acupuncture as a therapeutic modality. Table 2: NIH Consensus Conference on Acupuncture Evidence Basis for Acupuncture Therapy Strong Good Useful Adjunct Dysmenorrhea Headache post-operative and Epicondylitis myofascial pain chemotherapy induced nausea fibromyalgia osteoarthritis back pain carpal tunnel syndrome adjuvant treatment of postoperative pain
Korean Hand Therapy can be used for a variety of conditions*, including: • • • • • •
Any musculoskeletal pain (sprains, tendonitis, contusions, arthritis) Headache, back and neck pain Upper respiratory symptoms (nasal congestion, sore throat, ear pain), including allergies Digestive problems, including preventing postoperative vomiting Women's health problems Anxiety and insomnia
*Please note this workshop will address ONLY musculoskeletal conditions.
KHT Correspondence Therapy is based on a Reflexology map. Every part of the body has a correspondence, or "reflex" point on the hands. For example, the left little finger joint by the fingernail corresponds to the left ankle (See hand diagrams). Disease, pain and tension are "reflected" in the hands as tender points. Locating and treating these hand points will frequently resolve pain and dysfunction in other parts of the body. KHT Correspondence Therapy allows precise targeting of specific areas of the body.
KHT Press Pellets Aluminum = Negative charge Brass = Positive charge
Korean Hand Body Homunculus Front of Body
Back of Body
Pain patterns: Headache & Neck pain — on middle finger
Headache pain is typically referred from the occiput, jaw, and trapezius areas.
Back Pain
Picture of KHT pellets for back pain
Lawrence B. Li, MD, MPH AANP Annual Conference June 11-12, 2004 Becoming An Instant Acupuncturist: The Basics of Learning non-needle KHT for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain
Knee Pain
Shin Pain
Shoulder pain
DEMONSTRATION: Point finding
Fig. 1: Finding neck correspondence points
Fig. 2: Finding the Sciatica point
a) Point finding: Thumb rolling to identify region . Lateral rocking to see if sides are involved. Ball head to locate specific area. b) Mark with small tip where to place needle; usually can skip if for pellets. c) Apply pellet.
Common Questions about Korean Hand Therapy pellets Are there any harmful side effects from the pellets? Korean Hand Therapy pellets are very safe. Most people tolerate them without any problems. Occasionally some people may be sensitive to prolonged pressure against their skin and notice itching, redness, or local discomfort. Should this happen you should remove the pellets and allow the skin to be exposed to the air, which typically will resolve the local irritation in a few days. Many people will notice tingling in the fingers which is actually a positive sign that energy flow is increasing in the acupuncture energy channels. How long can I leave the pellets on my hand? The pellets should be left on for at least two hours to provide a therapeutic effect. They can be removed at that time, saved, and reapplied a few days later. Often pellets may seem to lose their effectiveness beyond two or three days. This is an expected part of acupuncture treatment, which seeks to help the body achieve a healthier energy balance through repeated gentle stimulation.
Patient Education about Acupuncture Treatments After acupuncture, it is recommended to refrain from exercise, big meals (3-4 courses), alcohol and sex, 4-6 hours after acupuncture sessions, since any of these activities may change the energetic pattern resulting from the treatment. How many treatments will I need for resolving my condition? For recent onset conditions, only 1 or 2 treatments may be required and for health maintenance, 2-4 visits a year are the norm. Most conditions respond within 6-12 weekly treatments, but the actual number will
Lawrence B. Li, MD, MPH AANP Annual Conference June 11-12, 2004 Becoming An Instant Acupuncturist: The Basics of Learning non-needle KHT for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain
vary according to one's age and overall health. During the initial treatment for an acute problem, acupuncture treatments are typically scheduled for one or two visits a week for one to two weeks. Initially, any change, even a transient worsening of symptoms, is considered a favorable response. The response to treatment may initially be short lived, but the effectiveness will typically stabilize and allow for a lengthening of time between visits apart (2 weeks, 3 weeks, then 4 weeks, etc.). For very severe conditions, treatments may be advised at a rate of 2-3 per week initially and for those patients responding with an 80-90% improvement, longer intervals extending to 2-4 weeks may be suggested until complete resolution occurs. Chronic medical and pain problems typically require maintenance treatments at 1-month, 6-week, or 2-month intervals. Medical problems of lesser severity and chronicity can often be resolved adequately and do not require maintenance treatments. In the graph below Healthy Energy is at a 10 level. An individual with illness, injury, or pain will likely have a lower energy. If this person is given a single acupuncture treatment their energy may rise partially increase towards their usual healthy level. However, if no further treatments are given the energy may decline again (One Visit dashed line). If a series of acupuncture treatments are given then the overall energy level can be improved as shown by the Ongoing Treatments heavier dashed line. Treatment effects and benefits cumulatively build on each other over time.
Restoring Healthy Energy through Acupuncture Healt hy One Treat ment Ongoing Treat ment s Acupunct ure Treat ment # 1 ,2 ,3
10 8 6 4 2 0
#1 2
Fig. 5: Improvement in Energy Level with Successive Acupuncture Treatments With the cumulative effect of the treatments, enduring improvement is the desired goal. Enduring improvement may mean a thorough resolution of the presenting problem, or it may mean enabling the patient to have greater function in their activities with less medication than initially. Once the treatment effect lasts for approximately one month, a decision is made as to the necessity of regular maintenance treatments, usually every two to three months to ensure a durable therapeutic response. Patients can learn to do Korean or Ear Correspondence Therapy and treat themselves at home. Korean Hand Therapy: Special considerations Remimbursement: Medicare does not cover Acupuncture. Some insurance and HMO's may not provide coverage for acupuncture.
Lawrence B. Li, MD, MPH AANP Annual Conference June 11-12, 2004 Becoming An Instant Acupuncturist: The Basics of Learning non-needle KHT for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain
Musculoskeletal Pain U.S. ~ 40 million people Types of Pain 1. Injury 2. Inflammation 3. Supersensitivity: includes myofascial pain. A frequent cause of musculoskeletal pain is radiculopathy with neuropathy, usually from spondylosis. Shortening of the intrinsic back muscles can pull the lower vertebra posteriorly.
Fig. 1 Spondylosis —> Neuropathy > Tendonitis
Fig. 2: Normal vs. Neuropathic Muscle
Exam findings 1. Sensory: a) Hyperpathia (pain felt more sharply over affected dermatomes) b) Allodynia (tenderness of muscles) 2. Autonomic: vasoconstriction, excessive sweating, goose-bumps, trophedema, dermatomal hair loss 3. Motor: muscle shortening (ropey bands, trigger points), limitation of joint range, enesthopathy (thickening of tendinous attachments to bone), focal tightness around vertebra. Dr. Chan Gunn: Intra Muscular Stimulation technique utilizes a Western neuro-anatomical approach with an acupuncture needles to immediately release muscle shortening over 10-30 minutes. Similar results can be obtained using the Korean Hand Therapy Correspondence map. Table 1: Spinal level innervations for common musculoskeletal problems UPPER BODY LOWER BODY Trapezius —spinal accessory nerve C3 Groin: Shoulders Joint: C5 Knee: Elbow: C6 Sciatica: Wrist: CTS C6-C7 Foot: Fingers: C6-C7
Lawrence B. Li, MD, MPH AANP Annual Conference June 11-12, 2004 Becoming An Instant Acupuncturist: The Basics of Learning non-needle KHT for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain
Trigger Points (Travell): tender, hard or ropy knots or nodules surrounded by normal muscle. Local twitch responses, referred pain, possible local skin temperature decreases.
Fig. 3: Posterior Trigger Points
Fig. 4: Lateral Trigger Points
Evaluate range of motion, muscle strength, and neuropathy.
Integrative Medicine Treatment In addition to KHT be sure to also consider the following: Address the CAUSE and CONTRIBUTING FACTORS — especially important in fibromyalgia and other chronic pain conditions. 1. Posture/Ergonomics 2. Fatigue, Adequate sleep 3. Stress management 4. Nutrition. Medications appropriately: 1. NSAID's for inflammation, mild-moderate pain relief. 2. Muscle relaxants, Neuropathic pain (amitriptylline, gabapentin) Body work: 1. Physical Therapy (ice/heat, ultrasound, massage, exercises) 2. Chiropractic/Osteopathic/other manipulation 3. Yoga Exercise Rehabilitation 1. Posture: static muscles 2. ADL's 3. Aerobics 4. Pilates, Yoga
Lawrence B. Li, MD, MPH AANP Annual Conference June 11-12, 2004 Becoming An Instant Acupuncturist: The Basics of Learning non-needle KHT for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain
Resources Lawrence Li, MD, MPH;
[email protected]
(805) 938-9200, Fax (805) 938-0920 Community Health Centers of the Central Coast 2801 Santa Maria Way, Suite A, Santa Maria, CA 93455 Dan Lobash, Ph.D., L.Ac.
[email protected]
KHT Systems (877) 244-4325 phone, fax; www.KHTSystems.com;
[email protected]
P.O. Box 5309, Hemet, CA 92544. KHT supplies, charts, training videotapes. Seminars: $250 for level I weekend course. "KHT Health and Well Being Through Koryo Hand Therapy." Dan Lobash, 1996, $42 manual that teaches hand micromeridian and point location, Correspondence Therapy, and several hand pellet prescriptions for a variety of conditions. American Academy of Medical Acupuncture; 800-521-2262; to find MD's that provide acupuncture; www.medicalacupuncture.org National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine; www.nccaom.org; to find qualified acupuncturists (Dipl. Ac.) and Chinese herbalists (Dipl. C.H.)
KHT References 1. Dale RA. The systems, holograms and theory of micro-acupuncture. Am J Acupunct 1999;27(3-4):207-42. 2. Hida K. Critical evaluation of Koryo Sooji Chim (Korean hand acupuncture) diagnosis by application of the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test. Acupunct Electrother Res 1986;11(3-4):251-7. 3. Jodorkovsky R. Hand acupuncture. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 1999;10(3):563-71. 4. Jodorkovsky R. Hand acupuncture experience in pediatric patients. Medical Acupuncture 1999;11(1):25-28. 5. Jodorkovsky R. Hand acupuncture treatment for chronic asthma in children. Medical Acupuncture 2000;12(2):52. 6. Jodorkovsky R. Treatment of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis with Hand Therapy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Medical Acupuncture 2003;14(2):28-31. 7. Schlager A. Korean hand acupuncture in the treatment of chronic hiccups [letter] [see comments]. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93(11):2312-3. 8. Schlager A, Boehler M, Puhringer F. Korean hand acupressure reduces postoperative vomiting in children after strabismus surgery. Br J Anaesth 2000;85(2):267-70.
Bibliography 1) Beinfield H, Korngold E. Between Heaven and Earth: A Guide to Chinese Medicine. New York: Random House, Inc., 1991. Good introduction to TCM and herbs; extensive five phases personality. 2) Dale, R. A. (1999). "The systems, holograms and theory of micro-acupuncture." Am J Acupunct 27(3-4): 207-42. 3) Gunn CC. The Gunn Approach to the Treatment of Chronic Pain. Intramuscular Stimulation for Myofascial Pain of Radiculopathic Origin. Second ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996. 4) Kaptchuk TJ. Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Ann Intern Med 2002;136(5):374-83. 5) Kaptchuk TJ. The Web that has no Weaver: Understanding Chinese Medicine. New York: Congdon & Weed, Inc., 1983. Easy point of entry to understand contemporary expression of TCM from a practitioner's perspective. 6) NIH Consensus Conference. Acupuncture. JAMA 1998;280(17):1518-24. Nov 3-5; 1997; 15(5):1-34. www.odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/cons/107/107_statement.htm. 7) Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992. vol 2).
(non-needle acupuncture) for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain - iBrarian
Becoming an Instant Acupuncturist: Basic Level Korean Hand Therapy (non-needle acupuncture) for Managing Musculoskeletal Pain Lawrence Li, MD, MPH and...
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The End of 2013
I started this year reading a prayer by Walter Brueggemann, a hope-guy.
"We Treasure What You End"
We confess that we are set this day in the midst of your awesome, awful work,
We will, because we have no alternative, be present this day
to your dreadful work of termination.
We watch while you pull down
and dismantle
that with which you are finished.
We will, because we have no alternative, be present this day
to your dream-filled work
of evoking,
and inviting.
We are double-minded in your presence,
because we treasure what you end
and we fear what you conjure-
but we are your people
and trust you all this day
in your awesome, awful work.
Override our reluctance
and take us with you
in justice
and mercy
and peace.
Take us with you in your overriding,
that our day may be a day of joy
and well-being
and newness
from your very hand.
In the name of your decisive newness,
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New kitchen opens at Bridgton Community Center
By Gail Geraghty
Staff Writer
For years, the tiny but fierce beating heart that kept alive the weekly senior lunches at the Bridgton Community Center was a kitchen no bigger than a utility closet.
In that small space, Ingrid von Kannewurff worked her magic, using recipes from her native Germany to bring 'em back for more each week. The program grew to become the most popular and successful offering at the former National Guard armory on Depot Street.
Today, a huge walk-in cooler fills the former kitchen space. Nearby is a huge oven, with gleaming stainless steel, that alone is nearly as big as the kitchen once was. More stainless steel gleams from sinks to one side and an industrial dishwasher on the other, centered by a preparation table from which Head Chef Gail Hastings last week was busy preparing a meal of macaroni and cheese, beet salad and spiced pudding squares.
"You can throw a lot of functions here now," said Sophie Yindra, peering from the hallway through the serving window to watch Hastings put the finishing touches on that week's meal. Yindra still remembers von Kannewurff's meals. "Those German dishes, they were wonderful. We all looked forward to her cooking."
The modern commercial kitchen, financed by a $50,000 Community Development Block Grant from the town, began serving meals the week before Christmas. It opens up significant revenue-producing opportunities for the center, which is now able to hold cooking classes and receive a $2-per-person subsidy from the Southern Maine Agency on Aging for the Senior Meal Program.
Community Center Executive Director, Carmen Lone, in fact, was busy in the dining area passing out agency reimbursement forms to the 35 or so people sitting at long tables, waiting to be served by the volunteers who have kept the program going for nearly six years. Newcomers signed in and stuffed three one-dollar bills into the wooden donation box before finding a seat.
If money is short, no one forces payment. But the meals aren't so much about feeding the hungry as they are about feeding the heart. It's a social ritual that's found a firm place for many seniors in town.
Lone called for quiet to make an announcement. A very special volunteer, Joyce Nowell, was in attendance after a long absence. Nowell fell and fractured the vertebrae in her lower back last August, and this was the first time she'd felt fit enough to attend.
"It's so great to see everybody," said Nowell. "I'm just a volunteer, helping to get the tables set up and have things ready on time and make sure everybody gets fed. I've been doing it for at least five years and I love every minute of it."
Nowell's first stop upon her return was to see the new kitchen. "It's a dream come true," she said, standing in front of the huge stove. "For years we were working in what I call the broom closet."
Then the meals were rolled out on paper plates, and passed around by volunteers Jeffry Hanscom and Allen Curtis. Near the piano, longtime volunteer Donald MacLean sat across from Nowell. He asked her if his wife Barbara MacLean, another founding volunteer, would mind if he had seconds. Nowell told him to go for it.
"I used to set up for 56 people — once we had 70 people and we had to have them in the hallways," said Nowell. She pointed up the table to a man wearing a clerical collar. "That's Father Craig Hacker, from St. Peter's (Episcopal Church). He's here just about every week."
Mac Lean nodded. "It's not unusual to see the other ministers or the Catholic priest," he said.
"They know where the good food is," said Nowell.
Beside Nowell, part-time clerical worker Lorraine Goldrup nodded assent. "We call it the best-kept secret in Bridgton, but we don't want it to be. We want it to be a warm and welcoming place."
Sounds of laughter and chatting filled the room, seeming to say, mission accomplished.
"It's a friendly place to come to," said Nowell. "If you didn't have a friend when you came in, you had one when you went out."
Lone said the senior meals, held each Wednesday from noon to 1 p.m., were the first project of the Community Center. At first, only four people came. Now, however, "This is probably the most successful program the Community Center's ever had," she said.


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Last week the radio opera was Nabucco, Verdi's grand reworking of the biblical Nebuchadnezzar story. As it happens, I had just come across this very man, in the midst of a giant history of the ancient world. He is famous for going completely crazy and thinking he was an ox:
"he was driven from men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hairs were grown like eagles' feathers, and his nails like birds' claws."
In the opera, the madness is the result of a spectacular bit of blasphemy–"Non son più re, son dio!" (I am not KING, I am GOD!)–whereupon there is a giant thunderclap and the next thing you know, there he is on hands and knees eating grass.
In addition to this crowd-pleaser, the opera features the famous Chorus of the Hebrew Slaves ("Fly, Thought, on Golden Wings!") which you will probably recognize if you hear it. Not, so far as I am concerned, with any particular enjoyment. The opera ends with Nabucco converting to Judaism and the bad queen poisoning herself. What can I say–Verdi, after all.
The book in which I came across the mad king (History of the Ancient World, by Susan Wise Bauer) is a valiant attempt to find humans in history–the author eschews the passive voice, to which she attributes the stultifying tedium of many historic texts: "Civilization arose in the Fertile Crescent…" As much as possible, she quotes from texts and inscriptions, and often, amidst all the turbulence, plotting and war there is a sudden and surprising glimpse of a living breathing human being.
Mostly, I will own, phenomenally NASTY living breathing human beings. The instances of ghastly violence are numerous, a rich source of stories for all our modern day fabulists–red weddings, beheadings, blindings, betrayal, and general mayhem: all carefully set down on the clay tablets or carved onto plinths and obelisks.
WITH illustrations.
Here is Sennacherib the Assyrian king, telling of his victory over the Elamites:
Like the many waters of a storm I made the contents of their gullets and entrails run down upon the wide earth. My prancing steeds, harnessed for my riding, plunged into the streams of their blood as into a river. The wheels of my war chariot, which brings low the wicked and the evil, were bespattered with filth and blood. With the bodies of their warriors I filled the plain, like grass.
You don't want to hear the part about what he did to their delicate body parts (=tearing them like the seeds of cucumbers in June).
These non-stop wars always end with a city being burned and the inhabitants either massacred or led off in chains.
You know, it occurs to me that the one business guaranteed to succeed in ancient times would be chain manufacturing. Well, that and weapons manufacturing.
Not so different from today, actually…


text:
March 5, 2019
St Paul's United Methodist Church
View All Calendars is the default. Choose Select a Calendar to view a specific calendar. Subscribe to calendar notifications by clicking on the Notify Me button, and you will automatically be alerted about the latest events in our community.
February 28, 2018, 10:30 AM - 11:00 AM @ Story Steps
Preschool Story Time helps reinforce a lifelong love of learning in children as well as offers parents and caregivers reading techniques. Geared for preschool age, this 30 minute program will emphasize early literacy skills for caregivers and their children. Come and join the early literacy fun!
February 28, 2018, 7:00 PM - 8:00 PM @ Large Meeting Room
February 28, 2018, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM @ Large Meeting Room
ACT Study Group at Lewis & Clark Library meets Wednesday February 14, 21, 28, March 7 from 4-5 pm in the Large Meeting Room for section practice and review. Please register at the Information Desk or by calling 447-1690 x 132.
THE ACT STUDY GROUP is a great way to prepare for this daunting standardized test with some tried-and-true "butt-in-chair" time at Lewis & Clark Library. Each week we'll cover a different section of the ACT from 4-5 pm, plus go over tips and tricks for reducing your anxiety and stress on test day. Please call the Information Desk at Lewis & Clark Library to register: 447-1690 or email Heather, Teen Services Librarian at firstname.lastname@example.com. This helps ensure we have the proper number of materials for each participant. Be prepared to share your name, school, and a good phone number to receive reminder text messages.


text:
Name: Whatsapp nokia lumia 800
File size: 12mb
Language: English
Rating: 2/10
2 Dec The Nokia Lumia is a powerhouse when it comes to keeping you up-to-date with social networks. While the messaging features on the. I want to install WhatsApp messenger in my Nokia Lumia ? I installed WhatsApp in my Lumia Today I have uninstalled it; I am not finding it in the I want to install - I am looking for a folder - Please my WhatsApp is. 1 Apr WhatsApp is another very popular cross-platform messenger working not only with Windows Phone, but also with devices with OS Android.
Hi all, I'm still alive:laugh: It seems that there are some troubles with Whatsapp in the marketplace so Whatsapp decided not to publish the app. I have a windows phone, nokia Lumia. I called the nokia. They reported that the WhatsApp was excluded. and who could give me the. You can't because WhatsApp has ended its support for Windows Phone I think its time for you to switch to a new phone. If you want a.
6 Sep - 53 sec - Uploaded by showhow2 Nokia Lumia - To Download And Update From Market Place - Preview How to Install. 29 Aug - 6 min - Uploaded by Fine Arnab How to install whatsapp in lumiya .. It's there was a FULL Android RUNNING on. 24 May WhatsApp for Windows Phone and Windows Phone has received an NokiaPower user App for Android · Nokia Lumia , Update 3. i want to download with my mobile data but its need a WIFI connection on 20MB file of whatsapp messager. 20 Mar - 11 min - Uploaded by Yash Maheshwari Here is a detailed look at the WhatsApp app for Windows Phone running on the Nokia Lumia
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Open the store app on your phone, search for whatsapp, hit install. Not really rocket science here. Or you can browse the store from your PC, log in with your. I recently purchased a new nokia lumia windows phone. My lumia doesn't have whatsapp,instagram and messenger in the bgsmerch.com do I. Anonymous, 04 Dec can anyone please tell me whether whatsapp work in this phone or not?WhatsApp is fully operational on Lumia , I just tried it 2. Nokia Lumia (codenamed 'Sea Ray') is a Windows Phone 7-OS powered Is there any way to save an audio recording on WhatsApp to my phone?.


text:
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About 15 km west of Gouraya on the Corniche des Dahra the mouth of the wadi Damous would mark the site of the city Cartili in Roman times. The place Dupleix on the right bank of the river delivered some Roman relics. Nothing has been found here from the Phoenician/Punic period. About the name however a lot of speculations are going around:
1.Cartili has been regarded as a Phoenician foundation (Gsell, HAAN p.162-3), possibly named "City of
= Qart-'ili. See: F.Vattioni (Per una ricerca sull'antroponima fenicio-punica,
Studi Magrebini II, 1979, p.42-123). God
2.Another explanation can be the relation with Q r t l y occurring in a neo-Punic inscription from Tunesia (NP 114: J.B.Chabot, Punica XVII,5 in Journal Asiatique 11th serie no.10, 1917-22). Q r tl y is the same for the Latin name Cartilius and the name Cartili for this location might have the same origin. Also the feminine form Cartilia is attested in North-Africa (CIL VIII 5682; 21022).
3.The modern name Damous could have had a very old past?! Damusi is the name of the king of Qarti-Hadašt on
in 673/2, named by Asarhaddon and Assurbanipal (as: Da-mu-u-si/su). This name
is connected with Tammuz/Dumuzi, the equivalent of the Mesopotamian Adonis. In
Phoenician the name D ' m ' š = Damu has given. Cyprus
The result of it all is that Nicolas Carayon does not include the place in his catalog: "Les ports Phéniciens et Puniques, Geomorphologie et infrastructures, Strassbourg, 2008). à Même si la situation maritime du site ménage des avantages portuaires naturels, les informations disponibles sont insuffisantes pour que l'on puisse intégrer la cite à ce catalogue.
If there was a Phoenician/Punic settlement then it must have been a very small provisional port of call. The distance to Gunugu in the east was not far away and therefore there was no necessity to make here a full equipped settlement despite the favourable harbour possibilities.
We lack here adequate further excavations.
K.Jongeling, Personal names in Neo-Punic inscriptions, Grongingen, 1973
E.Lipinski, Itineraria
Phoenicia, Leuven, OLA 127, 2004


text:
Lotus news
May 13, 2016
Lotus shows up Hethel Edition Evora 400
A significant anniversary requires a significant car and, Lotus is marking 50 years since the founding of its famous factory with a limited Hethel Edition of its benchmark Evora 400.
Oct 07, 2010
Paris 2010: Lotus Elan
As the old saying goes, you can't have your cake and eat it. In the past we were educated to believe we can't have it all. But that was the past. Today's driver demands more and the Elan delivers. The Elan is the beating heart of the new Lotus line-up. It's a high performance sports car, that much is clear, it's a Lotus after all, but thanks to some clever innovations the Elan also has everyday usability too.
Oct 07, 2010
Paris 2010: Lotus Eterne
Enter the Eterne, the four door super saloon from Lotus. If the Elite is elegance incarnate then the Eterne is elegance redefined.
Oct 07, 2010
Paris 2010: Lotus Elise
Oh yes, here it is! There's still room for the Elise at Lotus but what a difference a decade or two makes. The Elise due for release in 2015 is a sexy, agile beast of a car. Finally the Elise comes of age.
Oct 07, 2010
Paris 2010: Lotus Esprit
The most eagerly anticipated Lotus makes its return. Without doubt, this is the car that the true Lotus aficionados have been waiting for: The ultimate Lotus.
Sep 20, 2010
Paris 2010: the new British expression of exclusivity - Lotus Elite
So here it is, the Lotus Elite, the first taste of what's to come from Lotus in the future. Look up elegant in the dictionary and you'll find variations on the following 1. dignified grace in appearance, movement, or behaviour, 2. superb taste in design, style and 3. something elegant; the ultimate refinement.
Mar 03, 2010
Lotus Evora Carbon Concept makes debut in Geneva
The multi-award winning Lotus Evora provides the basis of the stunning carbon design concept unveiled at the 80th Geneva Motorshow. The car boasts a stylish carbon fibre, leather and alcantara interior, aggressive carbon diffuser and an evocative high tech composite body.
Oct 20, 2009
The Lotus force has a dark side: Revealed - the exclusive 'Exige Scura'
Lotus Cars unveils its latest special edition - the Exige Scura, so called due to its dramatic matt black and carbon fibre theme, at the Tokyo International Motorshow on 21st of October 2009.
Jul 15, 2008
The New Distinctive, Mid-engined, 2+2 Sportscar from Lotus
Eagerly anticipated and making its official global debut at the British Motorshow in London on July 22nd, the first all-new car from Lotus since the iconic Elise in 1995, will enter the sportscar market as the only mid-engined 2+2 in production.
Mar 03, 2008
Geneva 2008: Lotus Europa SE
Group Lotus plc unveils a new updated and significantly enhanced range of Europa's at the 78th annual Geneva International Motor Show. The new entry level Europa is priced at ?27,950 MSRP / 37,500, with the range topping Europa SE available for a competitive ?32,995 MSRP / 41,500 (Euro prices are without taxes, delivery & other related costs).
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World Premiere of the new MINI John Cooper Works Countryman at Auto Shanghai 2017
Apr 14, 2017
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Frame: No Technics: Spray Painting Original: Yes Frame mode: Unframed Subjects: Flower Medium: Waterproof Ink Shape: Rectangle
Type: Canvas Printings Style: Modern Form: Single
Material: Canvas Calgraphy and painting type: Canvas Painting Support Base: Canvas
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Welcome to our store, Have a nice day. We have our own factory, all are in stock and at factory prices. Fast devery and quaty conform. Beautiful 3D Flowers Decoration Art Oil Painting Pictures On The Hall Wall Modern Canvas Paintings For Living Room Wall Gifts Customers:Accepted (just contact us, send us the picture. we can paint any sizes and any images) 1) size: 30cmx45cm the same as 12inchx18inch 40cmx60cm the same as 16inchx24inch 50cmx75cm the same as 20inchx30inch 60cmx90cm the same as 24inchx36inch 70cmx105cm the same as 28inchx42inch 80cmx120cm the same as 32inchx48inch 90cmx135cm the same as 36inchx54inch 2) Frame model: Without Frame, Just the canvas picture (if you want frame please cck here to buy) 3) Tenique: Canvas HD painting Painting
Material: High quaty Canvas Painting Ink: Green waterproof ink with HD painting Our Factory Package Note: Without Frame (if you want frame please cck here to buy) If you have any else requirement please tell us! 1 Positive Feedback (5 stars) is very important to us, please think twice before leaving feedback. 2 Please contact us before leaving neutral (3 starts) or negative (1-2 stars) feedback. We will try our best to solve the problems and please trust us! If you are not satisfied with the items you ordered, please contact us before leaving negative feedback, we'll do our best to solve any problems. Negative rating can not solve any problems.
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Type: piece
Weight: 0.200kg (0.44lb.)
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If you would like to pay by PayPal, you can pay to our PayPal account: firstname.lastname@example.com and email us. Please email us the name of the product, the quantity and other product attributes. The email address is firstname.lastname@example.com. No matter how many goods you buy in one order, the freight you need to pay is only 15 dollars
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text:
Minuscules Sentence Examples
- Other minuscules of importance are cod.
- It must be remembered that the dating of the MSS., especially of minuscules, is by no means certain: Greek Palaeography is a difficult subject, and not all the MSS.
- Viii.] MINuscuLEs.-Very few of these are of real importance.
- Bousset has argued that the readings in the Pauline epistles found in H° H and a few minuscules represent the text used by Pamphilus, and on the whole this view seems to be highly probable.


text:
Welcome to Brothersoft QA Community, bud pate.
On Windows Vista 64bit, you should use DVD43 Plug-in 126.96.36.199.
To download DVD43 Plug-in 18.104.22.168
Or you may download it from the dvd43 original site:
click on 'Download Site'
And then 'download now' at the opened page.
Post back if you need more detailed instruction.
To "does brothersoft have a current certificate"
Yes. brothersoft has a current certificate.
To "Anonymous user: Not sure what that means but they have stole my artwork and it's in their wallpapers section and they better remove it soon."
Thanks for your report, anonymous user. We take it seriously about this problem. Since you haven't signed up or provides email, there is no a way to contact you. we hope you can see this answer.
You know, our site is a download platform, software and wallpapers were submitted by the developer. We did check before published in our Database. But that's a huge data and we still face some problems, like error download, fake developer. So we hope you (dear brothersoft users) post back any problem you found. Your report and suggestion will help us build this site better.
If it's real, we're sorry that "your artwork" has stole and be published in our wallpapers sections. we'll take further action to protect your rights as copyright owner. Please post back more information about your artwork and the wallpaper.
Information like:
Also,you may contact brothersoft support:
since you can copy DVD before, DVD43 worked well on your computer.
Think what you have changed on the computer recently, change it back. that might be the problem.
If you have changed a DVD copy program, it's likely that this new program don't yet support decrypter plug-ins.


text:
◄ Back to printable area lists
Properties and events in Purfleet 2018
Properties and events in Purfleet 2018
Before heading out for your Heritage Open Days visit, please check entries at www.heritageopendays.org.uk for last-minute changes.
Heritage Open Days 2018 will be 6-9 & 13-16 September.
Print this page ► Click here for detailed listings ►
High House Through History
High House, Vellacott Close, London Road, Purfleet, Essex, RM19 1RJ
Purfleet High House Community Group are performing a short play written and presented by members of the group. The scenes will be acted out in…
Displays and exhibits of pastimes through the ages.
Two short mystery plays based on High House and Thurrock History.
Opening Times
- Sun 9 Sept: 1000 - 1600
Booking Details: Pre-booking: Not applicable


text: Hi, I've searched around a bit and havent found a problem like mine, and was looking for a suggestion or two. My best friend has a new iMac G5, the problem is, he's really stupid. He came to me a few days ago pretty pissed about his computer. It was setup to auto login, and he made a new user. Logged into the account, and could never get back into his old one because he forgot his password. So we tried reinstalling by putting disc 1 of panther in and holding c during the boot. It goes to the apple screen, then a new apple logo appears over the normal one and is fragmented slightly. I was wondering if this is normal, because it just sat there with the computer seemingly working hard for about 10 minutes without doing anything. I think it froze, but I dunno. If anyone has any suggestions, that would really help us out. Thanks, Jake


text:
Firstly, I think there is a spiritual something – another higher level, a finer side to people – call it what you will.
It interests me, and always has – I've read a lot, and found that the spiritual comes in many flavours. I've done lots of different trainings, I've looked around, and I've persevered.
I thought I would try to summarise some of the different flavours and create a "spiritual roadmap" for anyone who is confused by the competing claims of all the different teachers and teachings.
I've organised my thoughts into a number of sections, and then into many sub-pages, as follows:-
- Best Practice – starting to generate a "spiritual roadmap" and describe some guidelines for it
- Techniques - some of the most useful and reliable techniques drawn from spiritual and psychological teachings
- Some spiritual teachers new and old including some of the leading Indian yogis
- Discussions – I have some ideas that I need a lot help with ……..
- what would a spiritual world be like ?
- I have been reading Dante's "Divine Comedy"– can we modernise it ?
- There are many ways forward – what works best – community ? transition movement ? are there other newer initiatives ? What is possible now ?
I think it helps to understand the history of the different movements involved in this. I generally call these Theosophy, New Age and Post-Modernism - these may not be helpful names, but they were the primary names for the movements at the time.
- An overview – from religion, to theosophy, to the New Age, to post-modernism
- Traditional esoteric spirituality. This is generally theoretical and conceptual, and I call it "theosophy" for short – It began in about 1875, and includes some of the most useful teachings and topics of interest from the Theosophical Society, the Alice A Bailey books, and Agni yoga
- New Age / Modern Spirituality – this often has effective techniques, while traditional esotericism is often speculative or theoretical. The New Age began to develop in about 1960
- Post-modernism - introduces aesthetics and critiques, and is mostly an academic movement, initially developing in French universities.
Obviously each of the above sections would almost fill a library in itself - I can only scratch the surface
Taken as a whole, I hope to form a "spiritual roadmap" – some articles give "the lie of the land" (the structure of things), others describe some of the well-trodden roads and paths, other materials give ideas about how to move forward, and what direction to go in. I hope it is helpful, and would welcome any suggested improvements.
I recently found a quote in a book that helps me with this
……. Thus, let us cautiously assemble all existing thoughts that can benignly penetrate Akasha and reach the essence of existence …….. (stanza 50, Agni Yoga "Heart")


text:
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Please see our line card for more complete list of products & services offered.
Copyright © 2016 Steven's Bay Area Diesel, Inc. All rights reserved. Web Design by GINGALLEY.


text:
In order to cultivate innovative companies, develop high-tech industry and implement the development strategy of intellectual property, a sci-tech service platform for companies in Lushunkou District is built. Up to now, the production value of the high-tech products in the whole district amounts to 4.745 billion yuan and the added value of that is 1.209 billion yuan.
In recent years, by initiating activities like "Innovating Careers under the Guidance of tens of thousands of Academicians", 33 high-tech companies has established cooperation relationships with 33 universities including Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Maritime University Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and etc. During the cooperation, 11 science and technology cooperation bases were founded and more than 30 projects and new products were developed.
Another "Incubator Project" is implemented to push forward the construction of Science-based Incubators. This year, 6 technological start-up teams were introduced to Dalian Innovation Park and the number of the companies signed for incubators amounts to 106 and 4 companies applied for Science and Technology Plan Projects of district level. Up to now, there are in total 63 patent applications, 31 authorizations and 206 valid patents in the district.
Moreover, Lushunkou District is also devoted to the construction of "Two Gardens and One Gallery". The two Gardens are Modern Maritime Industrial Park and Modern Gardening Industrial Park. The former park is doing a good job in marine ranching with the joint effort of Dalian Haibao Fishery Co. Ltd. and other companies while the latter is focusing on reforming 3000 mu of agricultural facilities. The "One Gallery" refers to Modern Urban Leisure Industry Gallery. In this area, projects like promoting Xiaonan Village to apply for "National Model Points of Leisure Agriculture and Rural Tourism", Dielianhua Butterfly Park and Space Museum are all playing crucial roles in helping Lushunkou District to build a healthy leisure agriculture rural tourism.


text:
PCI Express card expands your PC with extra 4 USB 3.0 Ports With quick and easy installation, this USB 3.0 PCI express I/O Card offers a simple solution to use USB 3.0 devices on your standard desktop PC. Enjoy copying videos, music, photos, data files between USB devices and the computer at blazing fast speeds.
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- 4 Ports USB 3.0 downstream ports attached with this PCI card for standard desktop PCs.
- 15 pin SATA Power Connector to power USB devices from your PC power supply.
- Backwards compatible with USB 2.0 and 1.1 devices. Compatible with Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7/ Windows 8/ Windows 10 (32/64-bit ).
- The PCI-E card supports USB hot plug, plug and play; support PLM; low energy consumption.
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- 1x USB3.0 PCI-E expansion card
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- mounting screws
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By looking at how Twitter has progressed and developed based on the statistics that were generated, you will surely understand how each aspect of Twitter has been properly taken cared of. The stats will show us how Twitter is looking at competition and traffic generation as part of their building blocks.
Usually, Twitter looks at the stats on how each unique visitor stats is climbing up and down the graph. Just barely 10 months after the official launch of the Twitter site, it has generated nearly about a million unique visitors. The stats show the makers how impressive and attractive the application has been made. And in barely a few moths after it has hit over half a million of unique visitors, the Twitter stats made a successful glide up in the early years of 2008 by reaching an all time high of almost a million unique visitors.
As the Twitter makers are continuing to make progressive efforts in re-developing and re-structuring the website and its features, the stats have continued to soar high. In all the months of the year 2008, there has not been any recorded drop on both the competitive and traffic sections of the site. In barely a year after its successful launch where it started with a humble beginning of almost half a million unique visitors, now it has reached more than 3 million of unique visitors. This is a stat record that no other site can ever claim to have achieved in such a short span of time.
The stats will show us how Twitter has become a name that every person and household has learned to appreciate and essentially use in their daily activities.


text:
This is a long post! But hang in there I think it is worth it.
I have a wonderful Local Stamp/Scrapbooking Shop called 'Scotties' and last month they held a competition.... to make a creation using a technique/product from the shop, well I was in for this, as I had just purchased the distress paints and Wendy had demonstrated a technique on how to use them with a 3d Spellbinders Embossabilities.
I did not have the 3d type folder but I did have a m-bossability folder.
The distress paints I used were Frayed Burlap, Salty Ocean, and Broken China.
You will notice that I did not use the lace in my tutorial, I felt it was too heavy when I looked at the card, so I changed it to this one, which was inked the same way.
I am entering this card into Simon Says Stamp Show Challenge -"Anything goes"
Thanks for looking, I appreciate all your wonderful comments.


text:
An exclusive import – a trendy camouflage style, warm fabric to make stylish coats, jackets or capes.
Medium stretch, by which we mean 25%-35% stretch. Two way stretch, by which we mean the fabric stretches in 1 direction only, from selvedge to selvedge.
You can sew this fabric on a machine, but it is even easier on an overlocker, as you can just overlock the edges and avoid having to turn them under and make a hem or facing.
Acrylic/Wool/Nylon 150cm wide Dry clean recommended


text:
Dear Lord, I have a prayer to offer
For the future, which I fear;
Please visit me with calm assurance
Your love is ever near.
When evil seems to triumph
And good seems not to sway
I rest my faith in you, Oh Lord
To sweep what's bad away.
No man can ever change a thing;
All hope is in you, Lord,
Please help events that are to come
To be in your accord;
And Lord if yours is not my way,
Help me to understand
That whatever may befall me here,
My soul is in your hands.
Name Withheld
Read more inspirational poetry at: www.trovemagazine.com
VN:F [1.9.22_1171]A prayer for an Impending Event,


text:
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text:
A chronological collection of writing during my son's first fortnight of life, in Neonatal ICU.
Not a sonnet written during a grief contraction.
Night rules: bad can and will happen.
Quiet invites what silence proves:
Noisy, bright afternoons are a ruse
Because daylight isn't real anymore.
You've seen behind the door of your worst fears
Like a contraction:
Brief periods of calm.
Blair Witch woods in the sunshine (as real as that)
Before the wave of darkness
Into which you will fall,
When you can't not think about
What you dare not think about,
It's the worst sonnet ever written.


text:
You can't play Xbox 360 games on the Xbox One. The reason is that the Xbox 360 games are DVD games and the Xbox One has a Blue-Ray driver. Maybe the Xbox 360 games you own are available for download on your Xbox One, but this isn't confirmed by Microsoft. Forza Motorsport 5 will be one of the release games of the Xbox One. EA and Microsoft made a big deal, so if you have an Xbox One and an EA game, you will get several extra's. I'm not going to buy the Xbox One, because I love PlayStation, are you going to buy the Xbox One or the PlayStation 4?
Written by: WZ
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text:
Truth is a dream my lord / This dream is what he only values in life my lord /
It is strange but good will is what is needed for a dream my lord
Sevim Burak
Let me start with a self-situating introduction before sharing my ideas on the concept of "knowledge". The initial characteristic of my living experience so far is that it has been shaped by the city Istanbul, among millions of citizens, fascinated and captivated by it and by the immense length of time devised to reflecting upon it and working with it. I believe that the people are being shaped by the places they inhabit, by a certain city, village or town they live in; the ideas, words, acts, feelings are shaped through the experience within the layers of the place and its memory and with the place's contemporary presence.
My first meeting with the city and the first initial reflections upon the notion of the city came through wandering walks I had in the period in which I was studying sociology at the university, walks that were meant to be open to all the possibilities and not planned for pursing something particular following the daily routine of the urban flux, concentrating mostly on the places of transitions, waiting points and on spots where you can temporarily retreat from the flux and through a panoramic view witness the ways in which the daily life structures itself. Le Corbusier once said that Istanbul is one of the cities that is based upon "Pack-Donkey's Way" instead of "Man's Way" which he relates Man's Way with straight line and right angle, while seeing the Pack-Donkey's Way as a primitive structure with curves and unorganized development. Still in Istanbul it is hard to find sharp edges and also finalizations and ends; consequently the city flows and flows with the wanderer, with the citizen. The Pack-Donkey's Way gives one the chance to observe and experience the city in another way.
Going parallel with my experiences in the city with photography and sociology, the collaboration and formation of the artist collective Oda Projesi1, which I have been a member of, formed in 2000 in a flat 45m2 in Istanbul.
In relation to my practice in the artistic field, I don't define myself as a "knowledge producer" but much more as a facilitator of emerging spaces where a sense of ambiguity arises that allows one to re-look the already given, specified usages of space, language and knowledge. To be defined or considered as an "intellectual" sounds to me as a basic, yet another illustration and reproduction of existing hierarchies within the society. This label may in fact cause obstacles in maintaining the touch with and fusing into the everyday life and get stuck with the traps and closures of a purely rhetorical position. This labelling also reinforces the defence of a certain clique whose members only understands each other and shares the same language yet fail to communicate with the other segments of social life.
The public space that I operate in, as a Oda Projesi member and someone who photographs the city, is strongly tied to the aura of "Istanbul". It is hard to talk about the homogeneity of the citizens and map out the exact functioning rules or laws of life in Istanbul, so one can say that the possibilities of "structures of survival" are visible which leads us to see various ways of living in the city, side by side and in relation with each other, where every "knowledge" about personal identity, gender roles, national identity, citizenship… is practiced in the everyday life and has always the potentiality to become something else never finished, never completed, never satisfied with itself; you observe these occurences, through the slogans inscribed on public advertisements, at the corners of the shops where the architectural structure may be manipulated according to a certain practical need; on the top of the hills of the city which separate official authorities, in a competing fashion, erect overnight posts with disproportionally big Turkish flags; in the busiest squares squads of police patrol in alarm for a possible pirate demonstration; or one morning you can find out that your street's name has been changed by a couple of enthusiastic businessman plotting about gentrification projects; or you can read about a recently opened public beach situated in a high-class neighbourhood and unexpectedly mingling the uppest segments of the social hierarchy with the lowest and causing a lot of uproar in the mainstream media and the different usages of the words such as "community" and "citizens" appear in the media; or in a historical area where in one day you witness that it has been prohibited to peddlers; or on the news one can see a debate about the proposal of the municipality for placing a giant "welcoming" public sculpture on an island facing the opening of the Bosporus…The city that builds itself up with rumours and stories and trying to keep some chosen traces from the past to make the history for the future and for the present politics.
How do I position myself on the cultural, social, and political realm? And I ask this question more in wider sense; how does an artist or an art critic or even a "producer" place her or himself within the texture of such a city? I think I occupy an in-between position where I have the tools for engaging with different levels, positions, disciplines, roles; I don't yet have a "definite position" that allows me to have a distance from all, and to come up with gestures of suggestions to create temporary meeting points of being, thinking and dreaming together.
In the introduction of the book Towards a Philosophy of Photography, Vilem Flusser says: "This book attempts to strengthen this suspicion and, in order to maintain its hypothetical quality, avoids quotations from earlier works on similar themes. For the same reason there is no bibliography. However there is a short glossary of the terms employed and implied in the course of the discussion; these definitions are not intended to have general validity but are offered as working hypotheses for those who wish to follow up the concepts arising from the thoughts and analyses presented here."
After following some of the presentations in the frame of Concerning Knowledge Production series I thought, rather than quoting artists, thinkers, philosophers one can appropriate their arguments and sentences without naming the origin. The reader of this text might recognize their voices but won't be exactly able to specify them as a proper quotation. There will be no reference list at the end and the body of the text will function as a space for the narration where the authors will talk to each other. A possible temporary space of knowledge, perhaps… The reason of this long explanation is that from most of the speakers I could not get what "they", themselves were thinking or experiencing, but rather what the other, the very respected intellectual elite has thought of ( As … says, as….says ). The ideas proposed in some of these presentations then turned into reproducing the knowledge that is already produced and experienced. This also causes the hierarchy of knowledge production to repeat itself and stay on the basis of vertical hierarchy rather then a horizontal one.
Without talking about the context where the knowledge arises from and ignoring the experience at the source and looking at the final result, or choosing to look at something conceived as a result is what I find problematic and dangerous especially when considered the power relations that go with it. Then the knowledge becomes static, formulates itself as a representation and shies away from the possible changes we come across in the daily life. So, what happens to minor experience?
Who will then create the ideas concerning knowledge?
The production and the formulation of knowledge of this kind has appeared in different readings on Oda Projesi work. For example art critic Claire Bishop in the introduction of her interview with Oda Projesi, that was published in Untitled magazine (Spring 2005), uses the following categorical definitions to present the project;
• "Falling somewhere between art therapy, relational aesthetics and social work, Oda Projesi's practice is hard to pin down, and even more so now they have begun to show on the European gallery circuit (Tensta Konsthall this year, and the Munich Kunstverein and Venice Biennale in 2003)."
• "These young women are a smart and theory-savvy trio who speak assertively about their work. However, the type of projects that they organize are not always easy for subsequent viewers to understand. How legible are their community-based relational projects for people who didn't participate in them? Do we have to take on trust the artists'claims to be forging a good relations with their neighbours? And do good relations automatically equal good art?"
Also Bishop writes in her text "The Social Turn: Collaboration and Its Discontents" published in Artforum (Feb 2006, Vol.44) about "catalogue of projects" in which Oda Projesi is put in one of the proposed categories and has been defined as "Oda Projesi's work exists on the level of art education and community events, we can see them as dynamic members of the community bringing art to a wider audience." "Even when transposed to Sweden, Germany and the other countries where Oda Projesi have been exhibited, there is little to distinguish their projects from other socially engaged practices that revolve around the predictable formulas of workshops, discussions, meals, film screenings and walks."
Where is Oda Projesi based in? What might situate the acts of Oda Projesi? What is the relation of the project with Istanbul? What does the project understand from "community" and what does the author expect from the word "community"? It appears like none of these were taken into consideration, and there is no mentioning about the dynamics of Istanbul or the very recent history of Turkey or the local art dynamics or even about the social relations specific to the society and communities in concern. Instead the author has decided to use a set of terminologies that is deduced from the "knowledge of art production" designed for the extra-contextual and accordingly Euro-centric art system to understand the "type" of work, following the already-set guidelines Bishop continues her text with comparisons she set up among artists that hardly share any common ground on the bases of experience and concludes it with an accusation she poses for some artists of acting Grace like character of the Lars von Trier movie Dogville. Fullstop. What I find problematic here is the unreflective usage of terms as "social work", "community based relational projects" which have no direct translation in Turkish language since the social experience in Turkey (and many geographies) cannot be explicated through a terminology based on a formation within a welfare-state. If there is no conception of "social work" in Turkish context and language and no experience such as neither in the art world nor elsewhere, how can then Oda Projesi be taken as the artistic counterpart for it? Without knowing or taking in consideration the context that the project is based on how can one create a new terminology to understand what is going on in there?
What kind of position does the art critic assumes for herself here? What about her/his own situatedness? What is the difference between art critic and art historian in their role? There is a need to develop new ways of looking to the experience and creating new ways to trans-value the already existing knowledge produced before and challenge the inherited categories and limitations. If not, then we see the danger of knowledge how strong and powerful it can be in the system and survive as long as there is someone using it and others appreciating.
Reconsidering the previous practices of Oda Projesi we can follow Simon Sheikh's ideas about constructing possible spaces for thinking (instead of knowledge production), to which I would also add constructing "possible spaces for dreaming".
1. The physical space of Oda Projesi can be a starting point for reflecting upon possible spaces for thinking. The place that inhabited the project for 5 years and had shaped the idea or other spaces was in the historic neighbourhood Galata in the very heart of Istanbul which is close to where cultural and entertainment life is concentrated. The classic architectural texture of the 19th century to be found in the neighbourhood relates to its cosmopolitan character and the presence of the non-Muslim communities of the Ottoman Empire which is lost along the political changes of the 20th century. Later, the neighbourhood has been receiving inner migration since the late 60's from east parts of Turkey, mostly from the rural areas. The apartment flat that the project evolved in was encircled with large families that are either relatives with each other, or originate from the same village or town, men work in temporary jobs and women stay at home to take care of the kids and the households. In the quarter, a small courtyard exists in the middle of the houses that face each other, the project space was also facing this meeting spot. Özge Açıkkol was the first to open the privacy of the apartment to public, with her project "About a Useless Space." 2 She emptied out the middle room and turned it into an "exhibition space" leaving it empty, open to intervention. Oda Projesi as a space opened on January 22nd, 2000, soon after Özge's project, the apartment flat became a gathering place not only for fellow artists, architects, sociologists, musicians, but also, even especially for, the neighbours. This 45 square-meters of rented space in Galata had changing functions, the project and the contributing people searched constantly for new possibilities, it remained as a non-profit initiative with nearly zero budget, up until 2005, when Oda Projesi was evicted from the apartment due to the change of the property owner in line with the process of gentrification gradually penetrating the neighborhood. Oda Projesi as a physical space had to close on March 16th, 2005. But the group still continues to work in the form annexes to non-physical spaces as radio space or other media as newspaper, postcard, poster and so on…
2. Constructing a place, that bears its knowledge with it, as a space:
The term gecekondu which translates from Turkish as "to land by night", refers to a sort of housing structure built by lower income groups as a solution to poor dwelling conditions of the newcomers to the big cities. There are terms in other languages for similar occurances in the urban setting such as 'bidonville' in French, 'slum', 'shanty' or 'squatter's house' or 'squatter town' in English. This type of housing has a considerably low and spontaneous building technology. On the social level, gecekondu is directly linked with poverty, criminality, unemployment and everything that threatens cities, their integrity, health and aesthetics. One of the projects of Oda Projesi done in 2003 was about to work together with a group of experienced gecekondu builders and construct one outside one of the venues of the exhibition. When we had in mind to construct a gecekondu, we thought to ask the worker we met, what kind he would like to make and why. So Mustafa Tetik decided that he wants to built the gecekondu that he had constructed in 1985 when he first came to Istanbul with his family and he said that he would like to do it with his fellow friends.
Concentrating together on the idea of gecekondu and seeing it as a key to think on the usages of spaces in Istanbul was our main concern. What happens if we look to the city through the windows of a gecekondu? Taking the established knowledge and stereotypes on gecekondu in consideration we set out to look at the ways in which to create different meanings to open up other possible socio-spatial models. Challenging the way gecekondu is being represented in the social visibility, we rather aimed seeing it as a possibility. The house was built in 2 days with no police disturbation, with a beautiful view of the Bosphorus, it was named after the builder as "Mustafa Tetik Model" and as each piece in the exhibition has a label, its label was placed near the house. (The opening ceremony of the exhibition was done near the gecekondu by the head of Istanbul Municipality.) One can go in the house, there was nothing to find inside, just two empty rooms, a kitchen and a bathroom. In one of the rooms we placed a pile of newspapers which we named as Annex.
3. Using the medium of newspaper as to create a new space: annex.
Annex is the name of the series of newspapers Oda Projesi had been publishing for different occasions. The word "annex" as an idea first came up during the initial issue which was based on the urbanistic consequences of the big earthquake in 1999. After the disaster the government has given prefabricated houses to the families that had lost their houses. The prefabricated houses were built in the areas that remained outside the city centres, near to graveyards or in empty lots, in the first months these areas were looking like ghost cities with white houses, but after a while, when these crowded families were not instructed into new permanent residences and when they realized that they were would be living in these 55m2 container-like constructions for a longer time then they expected, they started to built annexes to the houses for different usages, each of them unique in material and style, sometimes more permanent then the house itself…
The first issue of Annex conceived all these occurrences as creative interventions readings in terms of "already built city". The question used as the headline on the paper cover was "How unbuildable is your city?" The reader could also re-read clips taken from the local newspapers, like: "The constructions of the earthquake museums planned to commemorate the disasters of the Adapazarı Earthquake can never be completed. The museums and monuments were never opened because they were not constructed according to laws and regulations. According to the papers, the Earthquake Monument Comedy started when the ceiling of the "Earthquake Monument and Museum Complex" cracked and began to leak. The museum opened with a ceremony on the second anniversary of the November 12 earthquake by politicians was closed down when the leaking snow water started fill the building."
The second issue of Annex was based on the phenomenon of gecekondu. The third set out to re-examine art spaces as annexes to the city. So with the occasion of each issue the term Annex had been re-thought and in each case people from various disciplines were invited to submit texts and conversations. Each time there was an effort to create new terminologies based on experience and on the going daily rhythm of the city. The Annexes aimed at functioning as an imitator of the city dynamics and trying to use the tools, strategies like in one issue you have the advertisement from a billboard in the city; We've opened up space for you!.
4. Book as a new space with a poli-narrative and poli-authorship: What if Oda Projesi decides on working with the medium of a book3 as a space. Like inviting people to your space, people that don't know each other people from different social and linguistic backgrounds try to find a common ground to meet, what if with the collaboration of 154 people we are in the space of a book. Oda started with 8 questions all of which were first asked to the neighbours in Galata; questions concerning the daily life in the city, in the neighbourhood. When you receive the question you have to reply with an answer, ask a new question and introduce yourself shortly. Oda members decides on to whom these second questions will be addressed, that is what we did, to facilitate potential relations. So there came out an "apartment of relations" where people that don't know each other establish a link with each other and create various narratives. As Derya Özkan in her review of the book wrote; "Narratives link to each other and together articulate a hypertext, a hyperspace. It is the practices of the narrators that form the book as space. As they write, they produce space. As you read, the image of the space takes form in your mind and you become part of the production. The narrators not only are different but also become different as they join the open-ended hyper-narrative. The unanswered questions lead the reader to the empty pages that invite her/him to join the production of the book space."4
5. From place to space: This is a project where Oda Projesi adopted one architectural brief from a competition organized by a university, worked on it and rewrote it with the facts, acts, situations from the neighbourhood where the project space was based in. So mainly the language and the tendencies of the brief was adopted. The brief was itself in its language, approach and wishes, a synthesis of architectural knowledge and the daily practices in a neighbourhood. Then there was a call for the architects. Many invited architects did not want to take part in, found it contradictory to their discipline and their established way of producing knowledge. At the end 6 of them contributed to the project, the jury was comprised of the residents of the neighbourhood, and each of the competing parts came with drawings, models, 3D animations. Presentations, discussions and decision process was done in two days. At the end the competitor who came with a proposal in which he told as an architect he does not want to create a new model but thinks that the already existing neighbourhood is important to work on and to appreciate, won!
6. Radio as a space!
The project has experienced radio activities in two different occasions. One in the small circuit of the neighbourhood for the duration of a full month operating as a pirate transmission and the second one in a local radio station which has a Istanbul-wide transmission, in the last 2 years. If I try to translate our experiences into tentative guidelines that is how they will sound like:
Pirate radio: Find a place to put an antenna in the middle of your broadcasting area. Get technical help from someone that has done pirate radio before. Find a small room, minimum 15m2, a table, a mixer, at least 3 chairs, a red light, egg boxes, 2 cd players, at least 2 headphones. Ensure the people around you that this gonna work. Imagine what kind of a radio station you want. Make the first rehearsal with yourself and slowly get the others in this nonphysical stage. Then discover the hidden treasure of the neighborhood, of the friends… Be careful with the broadcasting area, don't expand too much. Put small flyers around about the sound.
Legal radio: Go to a local radio channel and make them believe that the program you will make a difference and that it will fill a gap in the current programme and facilitate some discussions and get some energy in. That it will be a radio within a radio. Start using the same studio like the others but then slowly open the door, let the sound come in…
For Oda Projesi radio is not a radio by itself -if you don't: turn on the "dead air" of your surrounding / open a place for yourself and experience the "air"/ collect your memories through sound and voice /gossip, hearsay, cook together, listen to your own music, share your favourite sounds with others / let your friend make his/her own broadcasting / let the airwaves inhabit your own space / use the microphone freely / use the microphone as a listener / use the earphones as a speaker use your body as a transmitter / let yourself to be over-tech / make narrowcasting/ make noise / pause the broadcasting / watch the radio / sneak into the frequencies/ resound somebody else's voice.
So all these acts of Oda Projesi can also be read as a production of knowledge on the daily bases and on the pedestrian level which is possible with the creation of new spaces for meeting, thinking and being able to be "face to face". But this is not an idealization of a special type of knowledge, rather having a distance to all, in search of not creating or duplicating a categorized knowledge, rather being in search for possibilities.
Let me take you down, cause I'm going to
Strawberry fields
Nothing is real
And nothing to get hung about
Strawberry fields forever
John Lennon
To end or to begin, I would like to gather some strategies in this commodifying times: like, creating ways and possibilities of invisibility; in the times of visibility where to be visible in terms of gender, class, minorities is getting more and more important, the stage they appear on allows them to have the "equal" presence but which turns out to be for the benefit of capitalist system, that demands everyday more and more to turn into a product and a source of consumption, so working on creating spaces more engaged with daily life sources and dissolving in them; like newspaper, radio, new spaces working with already existing spaces like schools, offices, shops… / thinking on the citizen as an author not a reader of the city; from the experience of Istanbul where the citizen is the organizer and planner and builder in the city/ to believe that more possibilities arise from the expanding system of exchange instead of change / to think of "to cause to happen" as a tactic / to work on temporary spaces rather then situating oneself in one place and becoming "like an institution" mentally and practically / to re-imagine the value of experience rather then putting more effort on the final product and to be open to experience in the sense that it leads to other ends rather then the estimated one / to think on "the act of persuading"; what makes people come together for a certain act, that they are persuaded / a temporary negotiation for something to happen can lead to permanent acts / to work in places that don't offer guarantee, guarantee in terms of "art spaces", "institutions"… / to think on the relation of guest and host while thinking on knowledge production also, as the vertical hierarchy built up through production and also even in places where these issues are discussed as the lecturer and audience / to rethink on the acts that one can do as a "gift", so what to do with the gift? / to think that art can weaken the boundaries it creates around it and around the existing systems / not to be instrumentalized in the production of product or ideas and avoiding to be perceived as a label / to imagine the space.
Seçil Yersel