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At the moment, the grand moment, when the UFC championship belt was wrapped and fastened around the waist of Fabricio Werdum, the shiny brass-and-leather strap shined under the arena lights almost as sparklingly as the smile that spread across the 37-year-old Brazilian's face. His was an unrestrained expression of childlike joy, a visible manifestation of the crowning achievement of a mixed martial arts career spanning a dozen years, times that have been up and down and now up, up, up.
Twenty feet away was another smiling heavyweight. This one wasn't standing in the octagon, though, but instead was seated in the first row outside it, an interested observer among the thousands of howling fight fans who had filled Arena Ciudad de Mexico on Saturday night for UFC 180, the promotion's first visit south of the border. Cain Velasquez was smiling, all right, but his was not a smile of someone sharing in the winning fighter's high spirits. Velasquez was smiling the smile of one who knows a camera is on him, knows his face is being splashed across the arena video screens, knows the crowd is whooping it up as much for him -- sitting there unshaven in his flannel shirt -- as for the man who'd just scored a knockout in the title fight.
Make that "title" fight. Fabricio Werdum (19-5-1) owns a UFC championship belt, but it's weighed down by an asterisk. After taking out Mark Hunt in Saturday's main event, Werdum is what's known as an interim champ, a placeholder meant to keep the throne warm until Velasquez is healed from a knee injury. When Velasquez pulled out of this event three weeks ago, it was un gran fastidio, or big bummer, for the UFC to see its Mexican-American star fall from the Mexico City marquee. But the show must go on, so the promotion brought in Hunt, the most rotund actor ever to fill the Cinderella role. Talk about changing the narrative.
If Hunt had won Saturday's main event, those of us who chronicle this sport would have run dry of adjectives, especially ones of a superlative nature. He's 40 years old. He came in with a record of 10-8-1. As recently as 2010, he was on a six-fight losing streak. And even though he's on a career upswing, the first "M" in "MMA" isn't his game. In Hunt's dictionary, "mixed" is related to "mixing it up," which refers to trading punches, with the canvas becoming involved only after Mark lays out his opponent upon it.
Indeed, within the first minute of the fight, Hunt put Werdum on the canvas. Werdum got right back to his feet, though, which tells you the brawny New Zealander didn't get all of him. But Werdum had got the message. From that point on, he was cautious, mostly staying on the outside of Hunt's punches, except for a couple of desperately lunging takedown tries. Eventually the fight did go to Werdum's domain -- he's won multiple world jiu-jitsu championships -- but even there Hunt got the better of the combat, landing a few short punches and elbows while positioning himself out of submission peril. Round 1 was all Hunt, not a beatdown but a confident stalking.
When the second round began and Hunt again floored Werdum with a punch, he was further emboldened. He continued to stare down Werdum, who by this point was standing on the outskirts of Mexico City, too far away to produce anything resembling combative offense and -- this is key -- far enough away to see what was coming at him. Hunt seemed content to maintain the slow pace -- particularly in a five-rounder at 7,000-plus feet in elevation. He patiently kept looking for that one big shot that would punctuate his redemptive tale.
It did eventually come, but he didn't see it.
Midway through the round, Werdum feinted a takedown try, and when Hunt lowered his head and body angle to defend, the Brazilian came forward with a flying knee. It connected square on the jaw, and Hunt fell to the canvas, splayed out on his back. Werdum pounced and landed a dozen short punches before referee Herb Dean jumped in at 2:27 to end it.
"I faked a takedown and got the knee," Werdum said on the Fox postfight show. "He knew I was going to take him down, so I faked one."
Count one cageside observer impressed. "It just shows that Fabricio does everything and he does everything well," said Velasquez, who leading up to this event coached opposite Werdum on The Ultimate Fighter: Latin America. "He's not a one-trick pony."
No, he's not, but this pony is going to need a lot more horsepower to take away the real championship from Velasquez.
Until he was caught flush, Hunt was leading the way in Saturday's fight, though with him it was a slow dance. Even when he put a hurt on Werdum, he didn't shift into high gear. But high gear is where Velasquez lives. His engine is designed to run an opponent down. Cain might not have the pop in his punches that Hunt does, but he's got the relentlessness to pop and pop and pop. Werdum can run but he can't hide.
Of course, we already knew that Velasquez would have a striking edge in a fight with Werdum. Where the champ might find peril, goes the thinking, is when the fighters are on the mat. Cain has never shied away from ground fighting, even when in with jiu-jitsu black belts. But, as we've been told over and over, Werdum isn't just any black belt, right?
Well, then, how did Hunt, who's always been a fish out of water when he touches canvas, successfully swim his way through a couple of minutes with Fabricio? Hunt was on top, true, and he's heavy load to maneuver. But Werdum never even remotely threatened.
If Hunt can survive a meeting in Werdum's business office, so can Velasquez. Maybe the champ -- the real champ, not the wink, wink champ -- will rein in his aggressiveness a bit. Or maybe he'll be the brutalizer he's been with everyone else he's tangled with.
We'll find out in March. Maybe. That's when UFC president Dana White said we might see the return of Velasquez. The champ wasn't so definitive, but he sounded optimistic. And excited. And like a man who had to smile a lot on Saturday night because he had all of these muscles -- facial and otherwise -- he simply didn't know what to do with.


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2012 reads that I've loved:
Not all books will be 2012 releases, mostly will be.
1. Best Paranormal read goes too… Spark by Brigid Kemmerer! This was close with Storm also by Brigid Kemmerer, but I loved Spark more. The Merrick Brothers have taken out the title & runner-up!
2. Book in which I cried one too many times… SECOND CHANCE SUMMER BY MORGAN MATSON! The tears I shed for this book when I first read it was cray! Runner-up goes to Everything Left Unsaid by Jessica Davidson another one where I was crying all night.
3. Best Mystery/Spying read goes too… OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF TIME BY ALLY CARTER! It is no mistake that Ally Carter is one of my favorite authors this just closely beat The Last Echo by Kimberly Derting another favorite author & series.
4. Best historical mystery read goes too… THE TRAITOR IN THE TUNNEL BY Y.S. LEE! I love this series & the budding romance that goes on, so that means The Body at The Tower by Y.S. Lee is the runner up!
5. Best Contemporary read goes too… ANNA & THE FRENCH KISS/LOLA & THE BOY NEXT DOOR BY STEPHANIE PERKINS! It is too hard to decide between the two both Anna & Lola's boys have stolen my heart. The runner up goes to The Story of Us by Deb Caletti.
6. Best Sport Themed read goes too… CATCHING JORDAN BY MIRANDA KENNEALLY! I loved this book & well I love sports… Runner up goes to Stealing Parker by Miranda Kenneally!
7. Best Paranormal series that I started this year goes too… THE VIOLET EDEN CHAPTERS BY JESSICA SHIRVINGTON! I won this series from Saz101's comp in August & I flew through the series! Runner up goes to Blood of Eden series by Julie Kagawa!
8. Most creepy/interesting/mystery read goes too… THE UNBECOMING OF MARA DYER BY MICHELLE HODKIN! This book had a creepy factor to it & I loved it! Runner up would have to go to Hunting Lila by Sarah Alderson!
9. New favorite author goes too… ABBI GLINES! After reading The Vincent Boys, Breathe, Because of Low & While It Lasts it just dragged me into her books!
10. Best New Adult book goes too… BEAUTIFUL DISASTER BY JAMIE McGUIRE! I am in love with this new category! Runners up go to Slammed & Point of Retreat by Colleen Hoover, Perfect Chemistry Series by Simone Elkeles, Taking Chances by Molly McAdams & Easy by Tammara Webber!
11. The Classic book that I never finished goes too… FRANKENSTEIN BY MARY SHELLEY! Yea... a HSC read which I never finished…
12. Best 2012 debut goes too… THRONE OF GLASS BY SARAH J. MASS! Love any book about Assassins & this was a great read! Runner up goes to The Selection by Kiera Cass!
13. Best 2012 series ending goes too… BEAUTIFUL REDEMPTION BY KAMI GARCIA & MARGARET STOHL! Love this series! So sad that it has ended. Runners up go to Finale by Becca Fitzpatrick & Destined by Aprilynne Pike!
14. Best Adult book goes too… THE BEST OF ME BY NICHOLAS SPARKS! I am in love Nicholas Sparks books right now! Runner up goes to The Lucky One by Nicholas Sparks.
15. Best Dystopic read goes too… DIVERGENT BY VERONICA ROTH! I am just starting to get into this genre. Runners up go to Delirium & Pandemonium by Lauren Oliver as well as Insurgent by Veronica Roth.
And last but not least
16. Best 2012 read goes too… TOUCH OF POWER BY MARIA V. SNYDER! I loved this book & well I love all of Snyder's work! Other books that I loved include Out of Sight, Out of Time by Ally Carter, Second Chance Summer by Morgan Matson, The Last Echo by Kimberly Derting, The Goddess Test & Goddess Interrupted by Aimee Carter, Until I Die by Amy Plum, City of Lost Souls by Cassandra Clare & New Girl by Paige Harbison!
This year has been a great for reading & I have so far almost read 100 books! I have many favourites so it was hard to pick just a few!
Keely x

subset: commoncrawl


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Today a true hair Aficionado gives us his take on the forthcoming season?s hair styles to be sporting, so if your thinking of a change or just updating your current follicle do, please pay attention. Luke Dolan, Ambassador for premium grooming range, Uppercut Deluxe, is a master of traditional barbering and lives the BarberLife scene. Luke started a hairdressing apprenticeship aged 17, preferring the more subtle environment of a barber shop he moved over to barbering shortly after and hasn?t looked back. He now has over 19 years experience. Luke loves more traditional cuts and his favourite would be a ?crisp, clean pomp?.
Dolan works in collaboration with Uppercut Deluxe from his North London salon. Inspired by the timeless style of the 1950s barbershop and its spiritual founder, Willy Uppercut OShea, Uppercut Deluxe is a modern, yet traditional approach to mens grooming. An Australian born brand proudly made with only the finest ingredients, Uppercut Deluxe delivers a core straight talking range of quality grooming products for men.
For this post Luke gives us his top 4 looks for theSummer. Starting with;
Style 1
The Disconnected Pomp
This has been around for a couple of years and has now evolved into a fade on the sides but the top left more textured. Square layers through the top that are heavily texturised when dry. I would use the Uppercut Matt clay for this one.
Style 2
The Taper
The taper has been around since the world was formed but has made a resurgence this year because a good taper down to skin can make a good haircut look out of this world. Considering you are only working with a small section of the hair on the sides and back it can take just as long as a fade or anything else to acheive. If a jobs worth doing then its worth doing well! With this style I recommend using some of the awesome Uppercut Deluxe Monster Hold. Does what it says on the tin.
Style 3
The Reimagined Crop
Technically this is just a French crop with a slightly longer top. However, getting the right look for your hair can be problematic. There needs to be a slight disconnect as the fade needs to go quite high to give that nice square and masculine look, but you need the top to be long enough to show off the texture but have a blunt fringe. For my version I styled it with the Uppercut Deluxe featherweight.
Style 4
Drop Fade
Drop Fade with heavy texture and a crisp line. This cut has really caught fire this year when Ryan Cullen from Northern Ireland put this cut on his Instagram and the masses have been asking for it since. I style mine up with the Uppercut Deluxe Matt Clay. Working it in to dry hair and tease out the texture with a comb.


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The Rental Housing Commission (RHC) has several duties related to enforcing the Rental Housing Act (RHA), to include certifying and publishing the annual adjustment of general applicability to rents and/or rent ceilings for rent-controlled units ((D.C. Official Code §42‑3502.02(a)(3)). This adjustment is based upon any annual changes to: (1) the Consumer Price Index (CPI-W) in the Washington, D.C. region for most tenants; or (2) the annual Social Security Cost-of-Living-Adjustment (SS-COLA) for tenants who are age 62 and older or tenants with disabilities.
As explained in the 2017 resolution below, the 2017 annual adjustments are as follows and apply to the legal rent charged for a rental unit on April 30, 2017:
- Effective May 1, 2017, the rent adjustment of general applicability can be no more than 1.1 percent.
- For rental units occupied by elderly or disabled tenants, the annual rent adjustment can be no more than 0.3 percent.
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The !f Istanbul International Independent Film Festival was founded in 2001 and every February and March, it hosts some 70,000 film buffs and celebrated filmmakers from around the world.
Dedicated to showcasing the best in contemporary film, !f believes that the shared experience of cinema is a form of activism that has the power to connect people across borders and boundaries of all description. The festival is curated and based on thematic sections, some of which change every year to reflect issues that are gripping the world\\\\\\\'s – and filmmakers\\\\\\\'- imagination.
In 2008, !f launched an international film competition – !f Inspired- designed to showcase emerging directors who are taking film in new directions. The competition carries a $15,000 prize for the Most Inspired Director.


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Climate Change ReconsideredLeave a Comment
Every five years or so, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) releases a report with a detailed assessment of the current state of the climate. These reports, and the analysis of computer models they contain, predict a bleak future. Dr. Keith Lockitch, fellow at the Ayn Rand Institute and moderator of the panel, points out that the climate change debate "tends to be dominated by the reports of the IPCC." He adds that these reports declare, "in ever more shrill terms that because we drive cars and use electricity, we are destroying ourselves and the planet."
Read More
DUNCAN: A step toward American energy independenceLeave a Comment
About seven years ago, I had the opportunity to tour Devil's Tower, an offshore drilling platform 140 miles southeast of New Orleans. It was an enriching experience learning how technology and human ingenuity come together to safely harvest resources from the depths of our oceans that are used to power our homes, cars and businesses.
What was even more educational, though, was seeing all the various industries and people that come together to make this venture a reality. After touring the platform, I drove across Highway 90 and saw business after business servicing the offshore operations. I saw welders and pipe fitters, truck drivers and restaurant servers, barge operators and hotel workers. As amazed as I was by what was taking place offshore, it was what was happening onshore that really caught my eye. I saw firsthand that energy creates jobs, and that we need to do everything we can to embrace all-American energy here in the United States.Read More
Government Is Impeding America's Energy ExplosionLeave a Comment
What if the United States could quickly take steps that would eliminate the entire trade deficit, boost the economy, and create millions of jobs?
It can, according to a leading energy expert — but not if it retains some current government policies.Read More


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Hosted by the lovely Books, Biscuits and Tea, the aim of Showcase Sunday is to highlight our newest books or book related swag and to see what everyone else received for review, borrowed from libraries, bought in bookshops and downloaded onto e-readers each week.
Before we get on to the Showcase Sunday this week, I just want to share something that has happened to my blog this week!
If you remember, I tweeted sometime ago that Bloomsbury(!!!!) publisher has emailed me to ask if they can put my review quote for CROWN OF MIDNIGHT to their Goodreads ad. Of course I said yes and I may have done a happy dance (this is a big deal for me guys!) Now, it was some time ago so I was so HAPPY and SURPRISED when one of the best reviewers and one of my friends Sam (from Realm of Fiction) DM'd me to say if I've seen it and she attached a pic. I HAVEN'T SEEN IT BEFORE. And when I did OMGGGG. I may have screamed.I've got it here below, guys!
It's definitely one of the highlighted and best moments of my blogging so far! :D
Thanks to Bloomsbury, to Sarah J. Maas for creating such an epic book and to Sam for telling me about it!
EEEEEEP! I never had this kind of stuff happened to me and my blog before so I'm feeling a little bit proud. Thank you so much, guys! *hugs*
Now, onto Showcase Sunday :D
Unchained (Nephilim Rising #1) by J. Lynn/JLA
Currently reading this now and LOVING IT. OMG. This is adult urban fantasy series and thank you so much to Entangled and Heather Riccio for the e-arc! I can't believe I won in the lottery! :D Review coming soon.
Antigoddess by Kendare Blake
I actually haven't read a book by her before so really excited to read this one! It's about GODDESSES PEOPLE. You know how how I dig that stuff (hint: my blog name)
Fangirl by Rainbow Rowell
Rated it 5 stars (more like 100000 stars!). I was so scared to read this because of the hype BUT I was NOT disappointed. It was even better than I thought it would be and this has the best protagonist of all time. She's my twin sister! Review/fangirling coming soon.
Briar Rose by Jana Oliver
I do love fairytale retellings and Sleeping Beauty was my favourite growing up (she's still one of my favs today but gotta admit I love Belle and Mulan much more now) and so I just had to get this.
The Chaos of Stars by Kiersten White
I did enjoy Kiersten's other YA series and I LOVE THE COVER for this one! Although I've read mixed reviews about this one hopefully I'll like it.
Getting into Art & Design Courses (9th Edition) by James Burnett
This thing here is the source of my stress. So helpful, but made me even more scared AND worried. I do recommend it to students who want to study Art & Design courses (only in the UK though)
Love me some Entangled!!!
Sidelined by Kendra C. Highley
Haven't really heard much about this one but when I went on Netgalley it sounds really interesting. Thanks Entangled!
Lovers Unmasked (Haloween anthology) by Katee Robert, Cari Queen, Tessa Bailey, Samanthe Beck and Lauren Blakely
Eeeep! As some of you know, I'm a massive fan of Entangled's BRAZEN line (it's my fav line from them) plus this has stories from my fav Brazen authors (Tessa! Samanthe! Katee!) Thanks Entangled!
Everlast by Andria Buchanan
Another Entangled Teen release! This one sounds really different and exciting. Will need to bump this up my TBR list. Thanks Entangled!
3:AM Kisses by Addison Moore
I did get this for blog tour but after reading the book, I really didn't like it at all so asked to be taken from it. I will post my honest review sometime though. Thanks InkSlinger!
Dirty Trick by Christine Bell
Oh YES another Brazen! Brazen is really spoiling us fans! :D Thanks Entangled!
Lash by L.G Castillo
This is a New Adult Paranormal! I haven't read one before so I'm really hoping this'll impress me.


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Put a green ribbon around the March pets of the month
By Lynn Weisberg and Joan DiPiero
Miranda, Nacho (cats), T.G., and Peanut Butter (dogs) are our March honorees. Last October, we discovered a meowing box with a mama and four kittens squished inside. After being dumped so unceremoniously on our doorstep, the two-year-old calico we named Miranda took several moments to gather her dignity, then proceeded to nurse her kittens, and all was right with the world. She has retained her dignified bearing, yet, without protest, allows herself to be cuddled, settling into our laps to accept the nurturing she deserves now that her babies have been adopted.
Nacho and his brother were left to a worker when their owner left town. Frustrated when the promised money for their care was never sent, the worker contacted us, and we agreed to take them in. The idea that this change would prove stressful for the brothers was dispelled within minutes of their arrival. After a quick tour of their new digs, they jumped on our laps and made themselves comfortable. One brother has been adopted, but the other handsome, mellow seven-month-old kitten is still available. He is loving and full of purrs.
T.G. and Peanut Butter are two very small guys who think they are giants! One-year-old T.G. was born here, the runt of the litter. His name originally stood for Tiny Guy, but, as leader of his siblings, Tough Guy seemed more appropriate. Not shy about warning off strangers, he absolutely adores almost anyone once he knows them. He loves to be petted and to play. He is really smart, gets along well with larger dogs, and is the perfect dog for anyone who wants a guard dog that you can almost carry in a purse!
Peanut Butter is a small black poodle, found in the neighborhood with his fur so badly matted and covered with burrs that we couldn't tell what breed he was until he was completely shaved. He is now a handsome little tyke, playful, energetic, and he doesn't shed! He, too, believes that he is a Great Dane, even though he tops out at about 12 pounds. He is anxious to find his very own people to love and protect, which he will do quite enthusiastically!
Adopt them during March and receive a free adoption kit. Meet them and their friends at the SPA, Monday-Saturday, 11am-2pm, Los Pinos 7, phone 152-6124. See www.facebook.com/spasanmiguel for albums of our wonderful animals available for adoption.


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I grew up in the woods of Wisconsin in the late 1960's with a decent clock-radio, therapist/activist parents, a raccoon and a lion. which is why I believe in the power of funk music, tear gas, unflinching honesty and untamable nature...especially when combined.
I came to a career in the arts much later in life than most. Closely observing human emotional behavior while rowing other tributaries has guided my approach to work. I have learned from many generous people out on the frontier.


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My Christmas list of Blessings:
|My Christmas list is more than just a way to keep track of the special people God has brought into my life to love. It's like a treasured scrapbook filled with pleasant memories of all the times God's answered prayer through friends and family. Every name is a touchstone that leads to a place and time. Where God has used another's heart to reach out and touch mine. It may have happened years ago or even yesterday. But every person on my list has changed my life some way. Through simple conversation a warm hug or a shared meal. Every person on my list has helped me grow or heal, Or laugh, or love or learn or smile the blessings never end As God allows our paths to cross as family and friends .So please know that this greeting is more than a Christmas wish . It's a "thankyou" card to God for putting on my list Each and every one whose name I've come to hold so dear Those who've shown me Christmas joy each day of the year... From Cynthia Kerr n Frank Murieko


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Spectacle. Like the Follies Bergere school of spectacle. A spectacular. In the grand tradition of LIBERACE, NINA HAGEN, SARAH BRIGHTMAN , Genesis Lamb Lies Down era Peter Gabriel,
Diamanda Galás and a slew of shamen and wizards throughout history, GRACE JONES CONQUERED THE HOLLYWOOD BOWL and made us all slaves to her rhythm. Playing dynamic new tracks from the current album HURRICANE, Ms. Jones blew the roof off the-oh, wait, THERE IS NO ROOF, just the stars above and a diva. To hear GRACE JONES live, singing LA VIE EN ROSE without a DAT machine but with an actual band, was magnifique.
Having booked Ms. Jones in the disco days, it's a treasure to see and hear her still in the best of form. I remember her rider in the heady days requested the usual diva excess- white orchids, a slew of fine terry towels, and, written in the actual fax, an eight ball of blow for Ms. J and a gram for each member of her entourage. Ah, the disco days.
I partied with ANDY WARHOL AND GRACE JONES at the LIMELIGHT ATLANTA where she was in her dominatrix mode, men on dog collars and all fours at her feet. Whip in hand. EXCELLENT.
When I lived in Paris, I'd call GRACE and MASSIMO and inevitably her son Paulo would pick up, and try to get me to sign him instead to perform. Hehe. He's the son of artist Jean Paul Goude.
Back to the show. KCRW put together a fine evening, and JOSELLE GILVEZAN (photography for this blog post) and hubby DAN GILVEZAN made for excellent company. Joselle saw GRACE with me at the SPECTRUM DISCO in GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA back in the "DO OR DIE" era. LONG LONG HISTORY there…
Grace's costumes were HIGH ART, designed by Eiko Ishioka and changed out for each song, with witty banter from the diva backstage while changing…the only bummer being not enough time to hear 3-4 more tracks from her near exhaustive repertoire of classic dance tracks. Her work was always edgy, and it's become even more so in the decades between albums. Corporate Cannibal was spectacular as a video clip on the screens…
If you missed the show, you missed a treasured moment in history. Josephine Baker would be smiling down at Grace and offering her props for a life well done. BRAVA!!


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Anyone who lives or owns property in Maryland is eligible for a free Pratt Library card.
Applicants must present a combination of identification that includes their
Any sufficient combination of the following may be used:
There are no age restrictions for library card applicants. However:
The Pratt Library offers special cards and privileges to different age groups as well as to teachers and companies. Please see Types of Library Card Accounts for details.
Nonresidents may obtain a Pratt Library card with acceptable identification and payment of an annual $50.00 nonresident fee.
Nonresident applicants may print and complete the online application and mail it to:
Enoch Pratt Free Library Central Circulation 400 Cathedral St. Baltimore, MD 21201
Nonresident applicants must send a copy of valid identification, as listed above and a check for $50.00. The library card will be mailed to the applicant within 30 days
The Pratt Library card may be used at public libraries throughout Maryland.
Anyone carrying a valid library card from another public library in Maryland may register that card with the Pratt Library. Additional identification with signature and address is required.
The Pratt Library card is permanent. The cardholder's name and address must be verified every two years in person. Exceptions are Firm, Non-Resident, and Teacher Cards which must be renewed annually.
If you change your name, address, or telephone number, it is necessary to come to the Library in person to update your record.
If your library card is lost or stolen, please notify the Library immediately or within 48 hours
(410-396-5325 or firstname.lastname@example.com).
The cardholder is responsible for any items borrowed until the loss of the card is reported. There is a $2.00 fee for a replacement card.
All about Library Cards and Borrowing Materials


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Your account has been created.
You can access your Web site right away using d1188008.a27.altonconsulting.com. Over the next few days, DNS servers all across the Internet will
update themselves with your new site name. Once that happens, you will be able to access your site at its permanent address, stevensonoms.com.


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Monte James
Host of the TRU
Phone: 605-359-6657
Monte James, is a lifelong fan and participant in the great American sport of rodeo. Monte's rodeo career started at the age of 5 riding calves and steers then on to bulls and barebacks in the National High School Rodeo Association and on to the Mid States Rodeo Circuit.
After a rodeo injury at Vermillion South Dakota in 1999, Monte packed up his spurs and picked up a microphone and turned his focus to another lifelong love -radio. Monte got our start of one of our original affiliate stations KBRX in O'Neill, NE. His groundbreaking show the "Sioux Steel Rodeo Report" was broadcast to rural communities across 5 states from WNAX in Yankton, SD.
This prototype evolved into the weekly Territorial Rodeo Update now heard on over 50 stations across the Midwest and growing daily. This unique show follows Heartland P.R.C.A. Rodeo athletes as they progress in the standings throughout the year all the way to the National Finals Rodeo. TRU is fun, fast paced, well produced and very popular with advertisers and listeners alike! Monte also performs the announcing duties at rodeos and bull riding across the Territorial coverage area.
In addition to being a full-time single parent, your host enjoys hunting, fishing and fossil hunting with his son Parker and nephews Shaylor and Shayce.
Shana James-Platt
Public Relations Director
Phone: 605-660-8860
I grew up on a ranch in the Sand hills of Nebraska. As a youngster I spent a lot of time riding horses and working with my family on the ranch. In later years, I attended the University of Nebraska at Kearney where I received a Bachelor's degree in Public Relations with a double minor in Marketing and Sales.
After college, my first job was working for a newspaper in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware.
I became homesick and moved back to the Midwest. Since then I have worked in marketing and management for various companies, chambers and non-profit organizations.
My husband Nick and I are blessed with 2 sons, Shaylor Hugh and Shayce William. They keep us busy running to wrestling tournaments, football, baseball and soccer games.
I have worked for the Territorial Rodeo Update for almost 10 years and it has been the perfect fit in my life! I am able to work form home and put my PR degree to use. I am an avid rodeo fan and have thoroughly enjoyed every minute of it!
Mitch Gallant
Production Engineer
Phone: 308-282-2500
Mitch was born in Rapid City, SD and grew up in Gordon, NE and started in the radio biz in 1990 at KSDZ in Gordon. After leaving a few times to work at KKLS/KKMK and KEVN in Rapid City, SD and KOKZ in Waterloo, IA – as well as stints driving truck, planting trees and throwing brick, block and mud around – he's back at "The Twister" in Gordon and has been since 2000.
As with most folks working at a small town radio station, he wears a lot of hats including, but not limited to, sports director, traffic & billing director, news director, psa director, IT guy, producer, fill-in on-air announcer/dj/talent (your choice), assistant toilet scrubber and part-time assistant engineer.
Mitch is the proud father of Noah and Sam, who keep him busy and blessed. He also enjoys long walks on the beach at dusk with some sort of fruity drink in a coconut shell with an umbrella sticking out of it.... preferably an ocean beach but the banks of the Niobrara and something in an aluminum can will have to suffice in the meantime.


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When I get around to do a striped dress, which I will eventually in red and white, I think I will do it in this style.
(Picture found at New Vintage Lady)
Tuesday, 5 July 2011
Striped dress
Etiketter: spring/summer year 2
6 comments:
- Lina Sofia said...
love this! It's my favourite style.. the shirt dress! So jealous of your sewing skills!
- 5 July 2011 at 04:45
- casey said...
Gah. So, so pretty! I can't resist stripes though... lol. Can't wait to see your version!
- 5 July 2011 at 07:09
- Daisie said...
Oh, I love shirt dress too. They are perfect for summer.
- 5 July 2011 at 08:14
- Isis said...
I'm warming up to the shirt dress more and more. And stripes are fun! Lina Sofia: I'm sure you can learn! :)
- 5 July 2011 at 22:46
- Eva said...
I might make it first ;) That one has been on my list for a while. Unfortunately I have used up all my green and white striped poly cotton I got from my father for another dress.
- 12 July 2011 at 01:45
- Isis said...
Eva: I'm sure you will as ou are by far more productive than I am. :)
- 16 July 2011 at 08:49
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text:
First Look: At first glance, BOLT ACTION is a 28mm miniatures table-top wargame. This hard-cover book is published in an uncommon shape akin to a small cookbook of 217 color laminated pages. Four armies, with their associated points costs, are described within the pages for you to dream up recipes for war and the utter destruction of your unwitting opponents. The last 6 pages crams in all the tables and charts that may be needed for quick referencing during game play. The artwork within is fine Osprey standard, but the model pictures were the grabber for me. These pictures of painted models in gameplay action made me form a mental "Standard of Play" for future games, terrain and painting.
So, 28mm World War 2?...sounds fantastic to me! I'm humming marching songs...I'm imitating machine-guns and tank movement vocally...already! Time to dive in and read.
BOLT ACTION has an alternating turn sequence (unlike the popular "I go, you go" mechanic) where you or your opponent will nominate a unit, carry out one of the six orders you've chosen for it, before randomly determining who will activate their next unit. A unit may only be given a single order during the entirety of a turn. Once every unit on the table has executed - or attempted to execute - an order, the turn ends and a new turn begins. This mechanic makes for a unique ebb and flow of battle within a turn. Quite different from turn-based games' turn to turn flow! Excited yet?
Some juicy facts:
Dice. This is a d6 system. You Hit and Damage using a single d6. There are a few tests associated with the Morale stat of units that are resolved using 2d6, adding the dice together.
Compulsary organization selections. A platoon leader unit comprised of just a single model or joined by up to two more staff, plus two infantry squad units comprised of five soldiers with an options to add up to seven more infantrymen and/or arm them with a variety of small arms and anti-tank grenades.
Troop Quality and Morale (Infantry). There are three degrees of InfantryTroop Quality and associated Morale. These values vary from unit to unit and are expressed by a points cost during your list construction choices. For the most part, all three Qualities are available to all of a nation's units.
Inexperienced: 8 Morale, -1 to hit with weapons, and become a casualty on a 3+ after being hit. ex. Conscripts, poor or little training, no combat experience.
Regular: 9 Morale and become a casualty on a 4+ after being hit. Normal training or some combat experience.
Veteran: 10 Morale and become a casualty on a 5+ after being hit. ex. Special training or extensive combat experience ala Rangers, Fallschirmjager.
Morale and when its used. A unit's Morale is used for Order Tests and Morale Tests. A units Morale can be modified by -1 for each pin marker on it and/or for an Officer within 6" of it. A Morale Test is taken when a unit losses half its current models from another units fire.
The six Orders available to you for your units. Fire, Advance, Run, Ambush, Rally and Down. An Order Test is required to perform these orders if the unit has any Pin markers on them, with the exception of Down, which is always executable, barring not already having been given an order earlier in the turn.
Fire: Your unit does not move and fires at no penalty other than modifiers associated with range and the targets cover.
Advance: Your unit may move first and then fire at a -1 penalty. Infantry have a base move of 6 inches.
Run: Your units models may move double its move. This movement may not exceed a models normal rate if moving in Rough Terrain.
Ambush: Your unit does not move but may later on fire at a single unit that activates within its Range and/or Line of Sight.
Rally: This order allows your units to attempt to remove d6 Pin markers from it.
Down: This order adds an additional -1 to be hit from enemy (and sometimes friendly) fire. A unit may Down as a reaction to make it harder to hit and lessen the effects of High Explosive weapons.
First Impression: I am liking the intuitive representation of stress on the battlefield by way of the Pinning mechanic. The authors of BOLT ACTION have taken the Morale stat and turned it into something that needs to be managed consciously by the player rather than a bland stat or event that is only addressed before and/or after a turn, like in most table-top wargames. If ignored too much, units may well become unresponsive to the needs of the player. If micromanaged, then this may give your opponent the initiative to counter your approach. And this is only the Pinning aspect. There is HUGE list composition potential here as well. The number of units in your force can directly affect how your force plays, either through squads covering anothers advance with an Ambush Order or a relief action, allowing them to perform a Rally Order while keeping up the fire support.
After reading this ruleset I've developed an appetite for some 28mm WW2 and the only way to satisfy my gaming appetite is to roll some dice and cook me up some Jerry BBQ with some sour Kraut on the side.
I have the rulebook in hand, Time to scratch up a list, get some models painted, and learn what wasn't obvious in the rulebook. This is always my favorite part of gaming.


text:
Hello All,
Our first Chef's Table Dinner in the 7-part series was fantastic.
It was truly an inspiration and honor to cook side-by-side with Thierry, Johnathon, Holly, Joseba and Jason. Thierry did a tremendous job hosting all of us at his restaurant.
I'm very much looking forward to the next dinner here at Tilth — which is already sold out. Harvest Vine and Lark are sold out as well. There are only a few seats left at Crush and Cafe Juanita, so I'd make your reservations now. For more info, check out this link.


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July 15, 2010
FAIZ A. JAHANI, INDIVIDUALLY AND ON BEHALF OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA; KHADUA JAHANI, INDIVIDUALLY AND ON BEHALF OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, PLAINTIFFS,v.WASHINGTON MUTUAL BANK, NOW DOING BUSINESS AS JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., A CORPORATION AND AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL BANK; CHASE HOME FINANCE, LLC, A SUBSIDIARY OF JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, ET AL., DEFENDANTS.
The opinion of the court was delivered by: Frank C. Damrell, Jr. United States District Judge
This matter is before the court on the motion of defendants Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. to dismiss plaintiffs Faiz and Khadua Jahani's complaint pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6).*fn1 (Docket #6.) Plaintiffs filed an opposition to the motion, substantively responding to defendants' motion with respect to plaintiffs' state law claims. However, with respect to plaintiffs' federal claims for relief under the Truth in Lending Act ("TILA"), 15 U.S.C. § 1601 et seq. (the second and fifth claims for relief), and the Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA"), 15 U.S.C. § 168 (eighth claim for relief), plaintiffs did not respond to defendants' motion and instead simply requested leave to "properly allege causes of actions [sic] for violation of and [sic] predatory lending." (Opp'n, filed July 2, 2010 [Docket #13], at 9:4-5.) The court construes plaintiffs' response as a non-opposition to the motion as to the federal claims for relief, and as such, it GRANTS defendants' motion as to those claims. Moreover, the court denies plaintiffs' request for leave to amend these claims as it appears that such amendment would be futile. Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1129 (9th Cir. 2000) (recognizing that a court is only required to grant leave to amend a complaint if it possibly can be saved). Here, plaintiffs offer no basis whatsoever for granting leave to amend; they offer no argument in support of permitting leave, let alone any facts to suggest that a cognizable claim could be stated under TILA or FCRA. (Opp'n at 9.) Accordingly, leave to amend is properly denied.
The dismissal of the TILA and FCRA claims leaves the complaint devoid of any federal claims. The remaining claims are state law claims for fraudulent inducement to breach of contract, fraud and conspiracy to commit fraud, violation of California Civil Code § 2923.5 et seq., violation of California Business and Professions Code § 17200 et seq., defamation, false light and breach of contract. (Complaint, filed April 1, 2010 [Docket #1].)
Subject to the conditions set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 1367(c), district courts may decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over state law claims. See Acri v. Varian Assoc., Inc., 114 F.3d 999, 1000 (9th Cir. 1997) (en banc). The court's decision whether to exercise supplemental jurisdiction should be informed by values of "economy, convenience, fairness, and comity." Id. at 1001 (citations omitted). Further, primary responsibility for developing and applying state law rests with the state courts. Therefore, when federal claims are eliminated before trial, district courts should usually decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction. See Carnegie-Mellon Univ. v. Cohill, 484 U.S. 343, 350 (1988); Gini v. Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Dept., 40 F.3d 1041, 1046 (9th Cir. 1994) ("In the usual case in which federal-law claims are eliminated before trial, the balance of factors . . . will point toward declining to exercise jurisdiction over the remaining state law claims.") (quoting Schneider v. TRW Inc., 938 F.2d 986, 993 (9th Cir. 1991)). In accordance with Section 1367(c), the court declines to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over plaintiffs' remaining state law claims.
Plaintiffs' complaint is therefore DISMISSED. The Clerk of the Court is directed to close this file.
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Library Association
Library Association
The Ringwood Public Library is operated by the Library Association of Ringwood, Inc., a private, nonprofit corporation.
Most of our budget comes from the Borough of Ringwood, supplemented by state aid, grants and donations.
Any Ringwood resident can join the Library Association; pick up a membership form at the library or download here.
The annual membership meeting is held in December.


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Interferon-γ Receptor Deficiency: Two-gene Profile (IFNGR1, IFNGR2) (Full Gene Sequencing)
Test Details
Test Includes
This test covers all coding nucleotides of genes IFNGR1 and IFNGR2, plus at least two and typically 20 flanking intronic nucleotides upstream and downstream of each coding exon, covering the conserved donor and acceptor splice sites, as well as typically 20 flanking nucleotides in the 5′ and 3′ UTR.
Confirm a clinical diagnosis of IFNGR; guide therapy; detect carriers; allow early diagnosis in family members
This method does not reliably detect mosaic variants; large deletions; large duplications, inversions, or other rearrangements; or deep intronic variants. It may be affected by allele-dropout, it may not allow determination of the exact numbers of T/A or microsatellite repeats, and it does not allow any conclusion as to whether two heterozygous variants are present on the same or on different chromosome copies.
Results of this test are for investigational purposes only. The performance characteristics of this assay have been determined by LabCorp. The result should not be used as a diagnostic procedure without confirmation of the diagnosis by another medically established diagnostic product or procedure.
DNA sequencing
Reference Interval
Normal equals reference sequence or variants that are known or predicted to be benign; abnormal equals all other variants.
Additional Information
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD), or familial atypical mycobacteriosis, is an inherited immune disorder characterized by the inability to clear mycobacterial infections. Interferon-γ receptor deficiency (IFNGRD) is the most common cause of NSMD and has been associated with mutations in the gene IFNGR1 or IFNGR2. Depending on the exact mutation, disease severity can range from a mild form, which is easily treatable with prophylactic antibiotics and interferon-γ therapy, to a severe form, for which stem-cell transplantation is recommended. Mode of inheritance is typically recessive for the more severe forms and can be recessive or dominant for the milder forms. Genetic testing can confirm a clinical diagnosis of IFGRD, clarify the mode of inheritance, and detect mutation carriers within affected families.
Specimen Requirements
Whole blood; DNA is accepted (Call 800-345-4363 for DNA collection information.)
2 mL
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Samples may be stored for brief periods at 4°C. Ship overnight at room temperature.
Storage Instructions
Maintain specimen at room temperature.
Causes for Rejection
Container broken or leaking; container not labeled or label not legible; use of improper anticoagulant
Clinical Information
Special Instructions
Test orders must include an attestation that the provider has the patient's informed consent for genetic testing. See sample physician office consent form: Consent for Genetic Testing. In the case of family tests (ie, known mutations), please submit the result report of the first patient tested in the family (the index case), if not performed at a LabCorp facility. Other family members are subsequently tested for the specific mutation found in the first patient tested.
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text:
As .NET compact framework never support System.Reflection.Emit, we can't use Reflection.Emit in Windows Phone 7 development. So, it prevents us from porting the existing frameworks like Unity, Castle Dynamic Proxy, Moq and etc to Windows Phone 7 development platform. I was looking all options that helps us to use Reflection.Emit in Phone 7. The first option that I check is to port Mono code to Silverlight for Phone 7 version. The second option is to use Mono Cecil that is using in Mono Core. And the third option is to use EmitCF but I don't see any update after beta release so I guess this project is dead already. So, I decided to give a try on Mono Cecil.
Mono Cecil supports Silverlight, Compact Framework and .NET desktop version. So, it's very easy to make Cecil work on Phone 7. All I have to do is to create a conditional called CF in csproj file and then it will work like a charm. I submitted a patch to Mono Cecil but Jb Evain said that he doesn't want to provide csproj officially so I will make the files downloadable here.
Download ~ cecil.zip (Please use Mono.Cecil – 2010.sln and Mono.Cecil-Phone.csproj )
What is Mono Cecil?
Cecil is a library written by Jb Evain to generate and inspect programs and libraries in the ECMA CIL format. It has full support for generics, and support some debugging symbol format.
In simple English, with Cecil, you can load existing managed assemblies, browse all the contained types, modify them on the fly and save back to the disk the modified assembly.
Today it is used by the Mono Debugger, the bug-finding and compliance checking tool Gendarme, MoMA, as well as DB4O.


text:
Chisels and points
Long life
New Makita SDS Steels have been through a performance enhancing change. Extra high resistance to wear and deformation has been achieved with induction hardening extending efficient life time by 30%. Testing has shown material removal rates have also been increased by over 15%.
Self sharpening
Self sharpening and higher material removal rate. New technology ensures our steels remain sharp and efficient through out their life time. With a higher material removal rate and no repeated re-sharpening these new steels reduce downtime and are significantly more cost effective.


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Antithrombotic Therapy: Laboratory Support of Dose Selection and Therapeutic Monitoring
- Interpretive Guide
- Related Guides
- Related Tests
Clinical Focus
Antithrombotic Therapy
|Laboratory Support of Dose Selection and Therapeutic Monitoring
Antithrombotic therapies are widely used to treat coagulation disorders such as vascular ischemia, stroke, venous thromboembolism, coronary artery disease, and heart attack. Because antithrombotic therapies may produce highly variable responses among individuals, dosage selection and monitoring of drug effects are crucial. Dosage selection and therapeutic monitoring are particularly relevant for therapies with a narrow therapeutic window, such as warfarin, and for patients with conditions that are commonly associated with aberrant anticoagulation responses, including pregnancy and renal insufficiency.1,2 This Clinical Focus provides an overview of the use of laboratory testing to guide dosage selection, monitor therapeutic responses, and diagnose therapy-related adverse events for 7 common types of antithrombotic therapies.
Additional information about the mechanisms of action, clinical use, and adverse events associated with these antithrombotic therapies can be found in the Appendix.
Dosage Selection
Therapeutic Response Monitoring
are pregnant or obese,
are symptomatic for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), or
have renal insufficiency
Excessive bleeding or thrombosis
Suspicion of overdose
Need for an invasive procedure
Renal insufficiency
Advanced age (≥75 years)
have increased or decreased drug clearance,
are not responding to treatment, or
are suspected of overdose
Tests that can be used to optimize dose and monitor therapy are listed in Table 1. This table is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. A physician's test selection and interpretation, diagnosis, and patient management decisions should be based on his/her education, clinical expertise, and assessment of the patient.
Warfarin (Coumadin®)
Dose Selection
During the first weeks of warfarin therapy, dosage is usually adjusted to obtain a stable therapeutic response.3 Suboptimal dosing during this period leads to excessive bleeding in some patients.3 To reduce the bleeding risk, pharmacogenetic testing that predicts the patient's response to warfarin and thus assists in determining the patient-specific optimal dose has been proposed.2-5 Pharmacogenetic testing has mainly focused on mutations in 2 genes: VKORC1, which codes for an enzyme inhibited by warfarin, and CYP2C9, which codes for the enzyme that metabolizes warfarin.2-5 Table 2 discusses the implications of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes for selecting initial warfarin doses.
VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes, together with clinical factors, account for 50% to 60% of the variability in therapeutic warfarin dose.3-5 Clinical factors that influence dose requirements include race, age, height, weight, tobacco use, clinical indication, and concomitant medications.3,4,6 Several algorithms have been developed to determine initial warfarin dosage using pharmacogenetic and clinical factors.3,4,6
Some expert groups, including the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium, recommend using pharmacogenetic testing and assessment of clinical factors to personalize warfarin dosage.2 Other groups, such as the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP)7 and the American College of Medical Genetics,8 do not recommend routine pharmacogenetic testing to determine warfarin dose, citing insufficient evidence linking genotype to clinical outcomes such as warfarin efficacy and risk of severe bleeding.
Monitoring Therapeutic Response
Because of the relatively long half-life and predictable anticoagulant response associated with LMWHs, the ACCP does not recommend routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for most patients. Exceptions are pregnant women, obese patients, and patients with renal insufficiency, who should be monitored by measuring anti-Xa antithrombin activity (not to be confused with factor X activity).1 Target peak anti-Xa ranges (measured 3-5 h post dose) for patients treated with therapeutic doses are shown in Table 3.
Patients receiving LMWH therapy do not require HIT monitoring unless they: 1) have a history of HIT (>3 months before the latest course of LMWH) and require cardiac surgery; or 2) have no history of HIT but received heparin therapy ≤3 months before the latest course of LMWH.11 In the first group, the baseline platelet count is determined just before initiating the latest course of LMWH therapy. Followup counts are obtained every 2 or 3 days from day 4 to day 14, or until LMWH therapy is stopped. In the second group, the platelet count should be monitored at baseline and within 24 hours of LMWH initiation.11 A >50% drop in platelet count or a platelet count <150,000/μL indicates thrombocytopenia, and HIT should be suspected.12
Individuals treated with LMWHs who develop other clinical symptoms such as vascular thrombosis and skin lesions within 5 to 10 days of treatment initiation may also have HIT.13 Platelet count testing would be appropriate in these patients to help determine the need for additional laboratory tests.
Once HIT is suspected, additional laboratory tests including the heparin-induced platelet antibody test and the serotonin release assay (SRA) should be considered to support or rule out the diagnosis.12 The heparin-induced platelet antibody test is positive if antibodies against heparin-platelet factor 4 complex are detected. The SRA is positive if serotonin release is ≥20%. If both heparin-induced antibody and SRA tests are positive, HIT is probable; if both tests are negative, HIT is unlikely.12 While sensitivity of the 2 tests appears comparable, SRA is more specific for HIT.11,13 Thus, a patient who has a negative heparin-induced platelet antibody and a positive SRA is more likely to have HIT than one with a positive heparin-induced platelet antibody and a negative SRA. However, results of these 2 tests should always be interpreted in conjunction with the pretest probability of HIT.13
Fondaparinux (Arixtra®)
Because fondaparinux has almost 100% bioavailability and induces a consistent anticoagulant response, the ACCP does not recommend routine TDM.1 However, TDM may be beneficial for some patients, such as those with severe renal insufficiency and thus impaired elimination of fondaparinux.14 Target peak plasma fondaparinux levels, based on anti-Xa activity, are shown in Table 3.
Dabigatran (Pradaxa®)
Like warfarin, dabigatran is an oral anticoagulant. Unlike warfarin, it induces a predictable anticoagulant response and does not require routine TDM.15 However, TDM may be useful in patients treated with dabigatran who experience excessive bleeding or thrombosis, are suspected of overdose, or need an invasive procedure.16 Additionally, elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) or those with renal insufficiency are at higher risk of bleeding when treated with dabigatran and may benefit from TDM for dosage adjustment.16,17 The diluted thrombin time (TT) test is a sensitive and precise assay for dabigatran TDM, and diluted TT values show a linear correlation with plasma dabigatran concentration.16,18 The target peak plasma dabigatran concentration, based on the diluted TT value, is 64-443 ng/mL (Table 3).19
Antiplatelet Drugs
Clopidogrel (Plavix®)
Dose Selection
Clinicians can use a combination of pharmacogenetic testing and assessment of nongenetic factors to predict clopidogrel responses and tailor therapy accordingly.20 Polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 2C19 gene (CYP2C19) cause variation in clopidogrel prodrug metabolism21 and thus affect the dose required for an effective response (Table 2).22 Individuals carrying CYP2C19 alleles associated with reduced clopidogrel prodrug metabolism (*2, *3, *4, etc) have lower levels of active drug and a reduced antiplatelet response to clopidogrel.21,23 The results of several studies indicate that clopidogrel-treated patients with at least 1 reduced-function CYP2C19 allele had higher residual platelet aggregation,23 a 30% to 50% greater risk of cardiovascular events,21,24 a 50% greater risk of death from cardiovascular disease and stroke,23 and a 3-fold higher risk of stent thrombosis than non-carriers.23,24 However, 1 study of mostly non-stented patients did not show an increase in cardiovascular event rate.25 Strategies for combating clopidogrel resistance include increasing the clopidogrel dose and switching to prasugrel, a new antiplatelet drug whose activity is not affected by polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2C19.26 Another CYP2C19 allele, CYP2C19*17, is associated with an enhanced antiplatelet response to clopidogrel. Individuals with 1 or 2 copies of this allele have a lower cardiovascular event rate and a higher bleeding risk relative to non-carriers.23,27-29 The 2013 update to the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines recommends considering CYP2C19 genotype testing to guide antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).22
Monitoring Therapeutic Response
Diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), an adverse event occurring in some patients receiving clopidogrel therapy, requires clinical findings (eg, neurological changes and fever) as well as laboratory test results. The following laboratory results are consistent with a TTP diagnosis: platelet count <100,000/μL, a decreased hemoglobin level, increased serum creatinine level, and the presence of schistocytes in a peripheral blood smear.30
Patients suspected of being resistant to aspirin therapy may be tested for urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 (11-dhTxB2) concentrations. In patients receiving low-dose aspirin therapy, 11-dhTxB2 levels ≤1500 pg/mg creatinine suggest a normal response to aspirin whereas elevated levels (>1500 pg/mg creatinine) suggest aspirin resistance (Table 3). Such 11-dhTxB2 elevations have been associated with an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, and cardiovascular death.31,32
False positive aspirin resistance results (ie, elevated 11-dhTxB2 in a patient without a recurrent thrombotic event) can occur when urinary thromboxane is produced from non-platelet sources such as monocytes, a COX-2–dependent process that is always poorly inhibited by aspirin.33,34 False-negative aspirin resistance results (ie, decreased 11-dhTxB2 in a patient experiencing recurrent thrombotic event[s]) may be caused by decreased inhibition of non-COX-1 platelet aggregation and thrombotic pathways.35
Appendix. Additional Clinical Background Information on Warfarin, LMWHs, Fondaparinux, Clopidogrel, and Aspirin [return to contents]
Warfarin (Coumadin®)
Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used to prevent and treat venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE), as well as to reduce the risk of stroke and recurrent heart attack after myocardial infarction.36 It acts by inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR), a key enzyme in vitamin K-dependent coagulation.3 Because warfarin response is highly variable among individuals, the required dose also varies widely.2 Inappropriate dosing can result in either continued thromboembolism or major bleeding.2,37 Major bleeding occurs in 3% of patients during the first month of warfarin therapy, in 0.3% of patients per month after the first year of therapy, and in as many as 10% to 16% of patients treated long term with warfarin.37,38
Warfarin-associated skin necrosis, although rare, can occur within several days of therapy initiation, usually in the presence of protein C and protein S deficiencies.36
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins (LMWHs)
Derived from heparin by depolymerization, LMWHs enhance the activity of antithrombin, an endogenous anticoagulant that inhibits the coagulation factors thrombin and factor Xa.1 Examples of LMWHs are dalteparin, enoxaparin, and tinzaparin. LMWHs tend to have better benefit-to-risk ratios than heparin and are used to prevent and treat thromboembolic diseases such as venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism.1 LMWHs are also used to treat non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes14 and to prevent thromboemboli in catheters and coronary arteries during PCI.39
Patients receiving LMWH therapy may experience heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).12 The clinical characteristics of HIT include arterial and/or venous thromboembolism, necrotic or non-necrotic skin lesions (10% to 20% of HIT patients40), and a decreased platelet count. Disease onset occurs between 5 days and 10 days after treatment initiation in treatment-naïve patients.12 In patients treated with LMWH or unfractionated heparin therapy ≤3 months before the most recent dose, HIT can develop within 1 day of the latest dose.12
Fondaparinux (Arixtra®)
Fondaparinux is a pentasaccharide heparin fragment that binds to antithrombin with high affinity and enhances antithrombin-mediated inhibition of factor Xa (anti-Xa inhibition).1 It has a higher specific anti-Xa activity and longer half-life than LMWH.1 Fondaparinux is used for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in patients undergoing orthopedic or abdominal surgery and to treat DVT and PE in combination with warfarin.41 It appears to carry a low risk of HIT relative to LMWHs.42
Dabigatran (Pradaxa®)
Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is the first oral anticoagulant to be approved in the United States since warfarin.15 The drug is used to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in individuals with atrial fibrillation not caused by heart valve problems.43 It has also been shown to prevent venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total hip or knee replacement surgery.44,45
Antiplatelet Drugs
Clopidogrel (Plavix®)
Clopidogrel reduces the incidence of cardiovascular atherothrombotic disease, including heart attack, ischemic stroke, and acute coronary syndromes, by inhibiting adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-dependent platelet aggregation.46,47 Clopidogrel and aspirin comprise the dual antiplatelet therapy of choice for preventing stent thrombosis in patients undergoing PCI with stent placement.48 Responses to clopidogrel vary among individuals, with 5% to 44% of patients demonstrating residual platelet aggregation despite treatment, a phenomenon termed "clopidogrel resistance."47 Clopidogrel resistance has been associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular death, non-fatal heart attack, and stent thrombosis in patients undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stents49 and, more rarely, with stent thrombosis in patients undergoing PCI with bare metal stents.50,51 Potential causes of resistance include comorbid conditions favoring prothrombotic states; poor drug absorption; variations in the gene coding for cytochrome P450 2C19, which converts the clopidogrel prodrug to its active metabolite; insufficient dosing; and treatment nonadherence.23,26,47
Clopidogrel therapy increases the risk of bleeding in some patients,35 especially when used in combination with aspirin.52 Another important adverse event associated with clopidogrel therapy is thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), which involves thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100,000/μL), microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fever, neurological and renal dysfunction, end organ damage, and death. Disease onset usually occurs within 2 weeks of treatment initiation. In some cases, TTP relapses ≤1 year after clopidogrel discontinuation and resolution of the initial syndrome.30
Aspirin reduces the risk of atherothrombotic events and mortality in a wide variety of individuals at high risk of vascular disease.53 Aspirin exerts its antiplatelet effects mainly by inhibiting platelet cyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX-1), thereby decreasing production of the platelet aggregation activator thromboxane A2 and its stable metabolite, 11-dehydro thromboxane B2.32 To a lesser extent, aspirin also affects platelet aggregation and thrombosis via other pathways that are unrelated to COX-1.33 Clinical responses to aspirin vary among individuals; approximately 10% to 20% of patients with atherothrombosis develop recurrent cardiovascular disease or stroke despite aspirin treatment.31 This lack of aspirin responsiveness has been called "aspirin resistance." Aspirin resistance has also been defined in terms of laboratory features such as the inability of aspirin to increase bleeding time, suppress platelet thromboxane A2 production, or inhibit platelet function in vitro.33 Neither the clinical nor the laboratory definition of aspirin resistance is precise or universally accepted. Patients may experience a vascular event despite optimal aspirin dosing or in vitro evidence of platelet inhibition.
Many causes of aspirin resistance have been proposed, including decreased aspirin inhibition of the COX-1 and thromboxane pathway and decreased aspirin effect on other mechanisms not related to COX-1 and thromboxane.32,35 Causes of aspirin resistance that involve decreased COX-1 and thromboxane inhibition include inadequate adherence to aspirin therapy, suboptimal dosage, concomitant use of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, comorbid diseases such as peripheral arterial disease, genetic mutations in the COX-1 gene, and high platelet turnover.32,35,54 Causes not related to COX-1 and thromboxane inhibition include decreased aspirin effect on inflammatory pathways, shear-induced platelet aggregation, and enhancement of fibrinolysis.35
Aspirin adverse events include gastrointestinal toxicity and excessive bleeding in the presence of underlying hemostatic defects.31
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text:
After the eugenics movement was well established
in the United States, it spread to Germany.
The Rockefeller Foundation helped develop and fund various German eugenics programs,[73] including the one that Josef Mengele worked in before he went to Auschwitz.[6][74]
Upon returning from Germany in 1934, where more than 5,000 people per month were being forcibly sterilized, the California eugenics leader C. M. Goethe bragged to a colleague:
"You will be interested to know that your work has played a powerful part in shaping the opinions of the group of intellectuals who are behind Hitler in this epoch-making program. Everywhere I sensed that their opinions have been tremendously stimulated by American thought . . . I want you, my dear friend, to carry this thought with you for the rest of your life, that you have really jolted into action a great government of 60 million people."[75]
"In plainer English, the dosage was increased until it made the prisoner so ill or caused serious damage." The patient testified that he had been seized by trustees and held while he was forcibly injected in both arms. He received four dollars in compensation.
NOW Canaan:
OH LORD #OHLORD Michael Brown Native Plants Institute
Oh Higher Learning Walnut Park St. Louis MO
United States Penitentiary, Canaan
And the execution of Imam Jamil, the former H. Rap Brown, by medical neglect in federal prison
2.Biblical name of Palestine.
3.any land of promise.
4.a descendant of Ham, the son of Noah. Gen. 10.
Philo of Alexandria, a 1st-century BC Jewish philosopher, said that Ham and Canaan were equally guilty, if not of whatever had been done to Noah, then of other crimes, "for the two of them together had acted foolishly and wrongly and committed other sins." Rabbi Eleazar decided that Canaan had in fact been the first to see Noah, and had then gone and told his father, who then told his brothers in the street; this, said Eleazar, "did not take to mind the commandment to honour one's father." Another interpretation was that Noah's "youngest son" could not be Ham, who was the middle son: "for this reason they say that this youngest son was in fact Canaan."[32]
Genesis 9:25: Cursed (ארור) is Canaan: Noah said to Ham: "You caused me that I should not father a fourth son, another one to serve me. May your fourth son [Canaan was Ham's fourth son, see Genesis 10:6] be cursed by serving the offspring of these greater ones [of Shem and Japheth]… What did Ham see that he emasculated him? He said to his brothers Adam the first man had only two sons (Cain and Abel) yet one killed the other because of the inheritance of the world [Cain killed Abel over a dispute how to divide the world between them according to Genesis Rabbah 22:7] and our father has three sons yet he seeks still a fourth son."[26][27]
Genesis 9:26: …Blessed is יהוה the God of Shem: "Who is destined to keep His promise to [Shem's] offspring to give them the Land of Canaan" and he shall be: "Canaan shall be to them as a servant to pay tribute."[27][28]
Genesis 9:27: and Canaan shall be a slave to them.: "Even after the children of Shem will be exiled slaves will be sold to them from the Children of Canaan." [Rashi explaining why the curse is repeated.][26][27]
Rockefeller Native Prairie for Rockefeller -Array of Experimental Drugs for the rest of Society : eugenics
pluralnoun [ treated as sing. ]
the science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics.
Early Judaism and Islam
While Genesis 9 never says that Ham was black, he became associated with black skin, through folk etymology deriving his name from a similar, but actually unconnected, word meaning "dark" or "brown".[38] The next stage are certain fables according to ancient Jewish traditions. According to one legend preserved in the Babylonian
Talmud, God cursed Ham because he broke a prohibition on sex aboard the ark and "was smitten in his skin";[39] according to another, Noah cursed him because he castrated his father.[40] Although the Talmud refers only to Ham, the version brought in a midrash goes on further to say "Ham, that Cush came from him" in reference to the blackness,[41] that the curse did not apply to all of Ham but only to his eldest son Cush, Cush being a sub-Saharan African.[42] Thus, two distinct traditions existed, one explaining dark skin as the result of a curse on Ham, the other explaining slavery by the separate curse on Canaan.[43]
The concepts were introduced into Islam during the Arab expansion of the 7th century, due to cross-pollination of Jewish and Christian parables and theology into Islam, called "Isra'iliyyat".
In 1956, E. Raymond Hall, former director of the Kansas Biological Survey and the KU Museum of Natural History, obtained a personal check from John D. Rockefeller to acquire the 160 acres now known as the Rockefeller Tract. At the edge of this area lies a small 10-acre remnant of original native prairie with a rich diversity of more than 200 native plants—including two endangered species, the western prairie fringed orchid and Mead's milkweed. This is one of only four locations in the world where both species occur together.
Today less than 0.5% of Douglas County's original 300,000 acres of tallgrass prairie remains. This makes the long-term protection of the Rockefeller Native Prairie vitally important in preserving our local natural heritage. It is a reminder of what an original prairie looks like, but it also provides a valuable seed bank of rare prairie plants and, together with other portions of the Rockefeller Tract, is highly useful in studies of prairie ecology, restoration and management.
In plainer English, the dosage was increased until it made the prisoner so ill or caused serious damage.
United States Penitentiary, Canaan
The patient testified that he had been seized by trustees and held while he was forcibly injected in both arms.
He received four dollars in compensation.
The King of the Prison Experiments was one Dr. Austin Stough. He had initiated contracts with the nation's largest pharmaceutical manufacturers to carry out drug testing at a number of prisons in three southern states, Alabama, Arkansas and Oklahoma.
Each of the major drug firms in the United States has at least one director with close Rockefeller connections, or with a Rothschild bank. Another director of Merck is John K. McKinley, chief operating officer of Texaco; he is also a director of Manufacturers Hanover Bank, which Congressional records identify as a major Rothschild bank.
Despite the dramatic implications of the drug testing stories, they met with thunderous silence from the "bleeding hearts" of the nation's media, perhaps because publicity about these programs might have raised conjecture as to why German doctors had been executed for the same practices.
The history of the pharmaceutical drug business has always been a chronicle of fraud, of preying on the fears of the uneducated and the gullible and taking advantage of the universal fears of the illness and death.
describing the prisoners as "human guinea pigs." The journalist quoted one convict, who was deliberately burned on both arms, "The pain was pretty bad," and mentioned other prisoners who had been injected with live cancer cells.
Saturday Evening Post, March 2, 1963, was titled "Convict Volunteers."
Despite the fact that this story, written about inmates at the Ohio State Prison in Columbus, mentioned that these convicts did not receive any pay for submitting to these experiments (Ohio statutes piously forbid such payments, saving the drug companies even more money), the writer ends his article with a glowing tribute to the program, pointing out that it caused "the volunteers to feel self-respect."
The third story, in Business Week, June 27, 1964, noted that the drug companies were able to save many millions of dollars by using the prisoners for drug experiments.
Tranquilizers continue to be big business. Roche Labs (Hoffman LaRoche) continues to push its No. 1 seller, Valium, while promoting its other sellers, Librium, Limbitrol, Marplan, Noludar, Tractan, Clonpin and Dalmane. Roche also produces Matulane, which is used in cancer therapy. This drug causes leukopenia, anemia, and thrompenia, with side effects of nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, dysphagia, diarrhea, pain, chills, fever, sweating, drowsiness, tachycardia, bleeding and leukemia.
Another firm offering "proven" drugs is Smith, Kline Beck-man, which made its initial millions from peddling the drug known as "speed" through prescriptions from doctors, the notorious Dexedrine and Dexamil. Executives of Smith, Kline Beckman have pled guilty to 34 charges of covering up 36 deaths and cases of severe kidney damage in patients using their drug Selocrin, which was finally removed from the market.
The Wall Street Journal, January 15, 1988, noted that a number of suits have been filed against schools by anxious parents concerning the forced use of Ritalin. The Georgia Board of Medical Examiners is now looking into the skyrocketing use of Ritalin in the schools in Atlanta's affluent suburbs. A student now on trial for murder has entered the defense that he was on Ritalin.
Pesticides persist in being even more dangerous than insects. Lindane, (Gammelin 20), produced by Hooker Chemical, a Rockefeller connected firm, causes dizziness, brain disease, convulsions, muscle spasms, and leukemia. For years, the FDA waged a battle against Shell Oil's pesticide strips, which contain lindane.
Dr. Roy T. Hansberry, executive of Shell Chemical, which subsidized Shell Development, served on the special Agricultural Department seven member task force to study pesticide registration procedures.
Shell had registered 250 pesticide products.
DDT, as we have noted, long after its ban in the United States, continues to find a ready market overseas, much to the profit of Monsanto, its producer.
Individual products, such as the current furore over aspartame, may come under Congressional scrutiny, but the overall operations of the Drug Trust remain immune from Congressional investigation.
Drug War-The Medical Monopoly's weak link is that it is almost totally dependent on doctors and hospital personnel to promote its profitable items.
What is the present magnitude of the CIA world drug operation?
Lt. Col. Bo Gritz, who has thirty years of distinguished service with the United States Army Special Forces, testified before the House Foreign Affairs Committee International Narcotic Task Force that 900 tons of heroin and opium would enter the free world in 1987, the source being Southeast Asia and the Golden Triangle. Col. Gritz had been to Asia a number of times to confer with one of Asia's largest drug producers, Khun Sa. Khun Sa then laid the blame for the world drug operation squarely at the door of some well known CIA operatives, including Theodore Shackley, who served as chief of station for the CIA in Laos from 1965 to 1975.
Khun Sa stated that Shackley had worked closely with Mao Se Hung, who was then the leading drug smuggler in Southeast Asia. Another colleague of Shackley was a "civilian" named Santos Trafficante. Trafficante had long been a leading figure in the Mafia, and had been called before Congress to testify about a possible attempt on the life of Castro in Cuba. When the Communist regime took over, the Mafia lost an empire of gambling and prostitution in Havana and other cities. They sought revenge.
Another prominent personality identified by Khun Sa and others as active in the drug trade was Richard Armitage, whose drug operations began during the Vietnam War. He later moved to the U.S. Embassy in Bangkok. From 1975 to 1979, according to witnesses, he used his embassy position to carry on drug operations.
He then left that post, establishing the Far East Trading Corporation in Bangkok. Armitage was later appointed by President Reagan as Assistant Secretary of Defense in charge of International Security Affairs, reporting directly to the Secretary of Defense, Casper Weinberger. Business tycoon Ross Perot then learned of Armitage's history. He went to the White House, demanding that Armitage be fired. He talked to George Bush, former head of the CIA, who gave him the brush-off by sending him to FBI Director William Webster (shortly afterwards, Webster was quietly appointed head of the CIA).
Webster refused to act on Perot's complaints, which opened the door for his appointment to the CIA post. Meanwhile, Weinberger, fearful that the role of the Defense Department in the drug scandal was about to unfold, hastily resigned. He was succeeded by Frank Carlucci, who was then serving as National Security Advisor, and who was well versed in the entire operation.
Carlucci personally ordered Perot to drop his crusade against Armitage. Because Perot's fortune had been built on huge government contracts, he had no choice but to back off. Other personages involved were General Richard Secord, who surfaced as a figure in the Iran-Contra affair, who had boasted of flying plane loads of gold to Southeast Asia to pay off the drug smugglers.
The daytime soap opera known as the Iran-Contra affair was made to order for the secretive operatives of the CIA. They delighted in leading the obtuse members of Congress on one wild goose chase after another, while the real story remained untold. It was chef's surprise, a culinary delight of drugs, the sale of arms to belligerents, and money, well seasoned with political sauce, stirred with various commitments to the State of Israel by leading Washington politicians, and topped with luscious Swiss bank accounts.
In fact, the Iran Contra affair was the logical culmination of the longtime involvement of the Rockefeller interests and the Drug Trust in pro-Communist activity. John D. Rockefeller himself had tucked the sum of $10,000 in cash into Leon Trotsky's pocket before seeing him off to start the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.
During the 1950s, it quietly placed its members in power in the media, the universities and the government, replacing, in most instances, the incumbent Stalinist hardliners. The Stalinists in Washington who had surrounded Roosevelt and Truman were gradually replaced with "neoconservatives," that is, hard-line anti-Moscow ideologues, who later added to their masquerade by additional and impressive noms de plume, such as "the Hard Right," "the New Right," "the Religious Right," or, in some instances, merely as "conservatives."
None other than the Hollywood man on the white horse, Ronald Reagan, rode into power in 1980 on a tide of "neoconservatism." His principal backing came from the CIA, which by then was only a mouthpiece for the neoconservatives, and its house organ, the National Review, whose editor, William Buckley, boasted that the only job he had ever had was with the CIA.
Jeane Kirkpatrick, of the Rockefeller financed League for Industrial Democracy, became the spokesman for the new policy, while Reagan's entire team was dominated by the Hoover Institution, whose two senior fellows, Sydney Hook and Seymour Martin Lipset, were on the board of LID. Thus David Rockefeller maintained close liaison with the Stalinist Communists in Moscow, while other Rockefeller interests directed the "anti-Communist" stance of the Reagan regime.
The power of the LID lay in its domination of the CIA and its total commitment to the State of Israel as the world headquarters of the Trotskyite Communist movement. Thus Elliott Abrams, son-in-law of the Israeli propagandist Norman Podhoretz, who was editor of the American Jewish Committee organ, Commentary, was appointed by Reagan to direct the Contra operation in Nicaragua, a classic standoff between the Stalinist regime in Managua and Trotskyite directed rebels in the hills.
The drug involvement in this operation should surprise no one, because the Rockefeller interests, having established the American Drug Trust, had long been active not only in ethical drugs but in unethical ones as well. The contra affair not only threatened to blow the lid off the Iran Connection; it endangered the Israeli Connection, the Swiss Connection, and the Rockefeller Connection as well.
Thus a "crusade against Communism," a noble effort to contain the Communists a la George Kennan, to be financed with "dirty" money from the sale of drugs, was at last revealed to be the same old crew of CIA agents peddling their drugs and laundering their money in various parts of the world. (The present writer is now researching a book which will document all of these operations.)
The CIA drug connection was not only deeply rooted in the quest for easy profits, but also in the concurrent plan to achieve total control over the people of the world by the masters of the Drug Trust.
the Rockefeller controlled Memorial Hospital Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. This total commitment to "Science" also guided and inspired the CIA drug programs, Projects Bluebird, Artichoke, MK Ultra, and MK Delta, in which some 139 drugs were used on unsuspecting victims, the substances abused including cannabis, LSD, Scopolamine, Sodium Amytal, Chloral Hydrate (the knockout drops of the Old West), ergot, cocaine, morphine and heroin.
Unlike his opponent, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Hitler had no trust fund from his mother (the proceeds from the China opium trade.
With hundreds of millions in dollars of potential profits riding on each new drug product, the Medical Monopoly must comply with the regulations which they themselves have drafted and put into place. The purpose of the regulations is to protect the market share of a new wonder drug until it can be replaced by a newer wonder drug.
Phase II, in which the drug is tested on human beings, generally requires a captive population. The drugs are sometimes tested secretly in schools, hospitals and mental institutions, but the pharmaceutical manufacturers usually prefer to rely on a much safer test population, those confined to our prisons, because they are unlikely to complain.
Even inmates of mental institutions have been known to complain, after their release, that they were subjected to illegal drug testing. Prisoners who have been convicted of crimes are less likely to complain. Since the turn of the century, the United States has led the world in the number of medical experiments carried on in prisons.
The law-abiding citizen might think that it is all right to conduct medical experiments on prisoners, even though a number of German doctors were executed for just such an offense. Drug testing might be one way in which the prisoner could repay his debt to society. However, the reality of the situation today is that, although there are many criminals confined in our prisons, there are also increasing numbers of Americans sent to prisons for political offenses.
These political prisoners run the same risks in medical experiments as do the most hardened criminals. Each year, a larger number of sentences are handed down by American courts as punishment for banking problems, mortgage problems or tax problems.
Because of the Medical Monopoly's control of the media, the use of prisoners in medical experiments rarely comes to the attention of the American people. An exhaustive search of magazine indexes from 1900 to the present day reveals only a few such stories, which were uniformly favorable to the experiments. The prisoners themselves have little media access, unless they riot and bring the cameramen in in force, with the full top story treatment.
The columnist, Pertinax, writing in the British Medical Journal, January 1963 commented,
"I'm disturbed that the World Medical Association is now hedging on its clause about using criminals as experimental material. The AMA influence has been at work on its suspension. At the tenth meeting, American scientists joked about it. One of the nicest American scientists I know was heard to say 'Criminals in our prisons are fine experimental material—and much cheaper than chimpanzees'."
The American Medical Association is still the leading advocate of using prisoners for drug testing.
The scientist was not making a bad joke—chimpanzees cost as much as $4500 each, while American prisoners can be had for as little as one dollar a day. Pertinax was commenting on the proposal made by the World Medical Association in 1961, and offered for adoption, that "prisoners, being captive groups, should not be used as the subjects of experiments."
The proposal was vociferously objected to by delegates from the American Medical Association and it was finally tabled.
If this smacks somewhat of the crimes of "Nazi doctors" and their experiments on prisoners, the coincidence is not accidental. The accused physicians testified in their own defense that they were merely following practices of long standing in the United States. At one trial, in 1947, 515 German doctors were tried at Nuremberg, indicted on the charge that they had conducted experiments on prisoners.
They entered evidence in their defense that in 1906, American doctors in Philadelphia had used convicts for medical experiments, injecting them with plague and beri beri germs; in 1915, pellagra was injected into convicts in Massachusetts; in 1944, hundreds of prisoners in the United States were injected with malaria under the excuse of wartime necessity, to aid our soldiers in the Pacific.
Despite this defense, the German doctors were convicted and some of them were executed.


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text: Kirsty Fishburn Lecturer/ Programme Director, Nursing (Mental Health) Faculty of Health Sciences email@example.com 01482 464681 Kirsty has been a mental health nurse for 15 Years, before coming to the University. Her predominant field of expertise is forensic mental health, specialising in particular in the diagnosis of personality disorder. She was previously a hospital director in this field and has also worked as a specialist advisor to the Care Quality Commission. She is also qualified in non-medical prescribing (running the nursing module here at the University). Kirsty is currently undertaking a PhD at the University. Her area of research is Women with Personality Disorder. Research Research Interests Non-medical prescribing Perinatal mental health Personality disorder Mental health law Forensic mental health Medication management Teaching Programmes taught on (2019) BSc (Hons) Mental Health Nursing Degree Course Modules list Non-Medical Prescribing Perinatal Mental Health Personality Disorder Medications Management Simulated Practice Law, Forensic and Secure Mental Health Quality and Governance Motivational Interviewing CBT Teaching awards and accolades Fellow of the Higher Education Academy Registered Teacher with the NMC Professional highlights Academic qualifications BSc (Hons) MSc RMN Non-Medical Prescriber External roles Part of the Curriculum Review Team which is dedicated at ensuring the undergraduate course content is relevant and reflects current trends within nursing practice. Part of the Universities Athena Swan team and participates in the PoWER Programme Works with and represents the University at Mental Health Nurse Academics UK