text:
загрузить документ
вход по аккаунту?
Book reviews Infectious diseases in primates Behavior ecology and evolution.код для вставкиСкачать
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 133:1166–1173 (2007) Book Reviews SKIN: A NATURAL HISTORY. By Nina Jablonski. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 2006. 266 pp. ISBN 0-520-24281-5 $24.95 (cloth). Nina Jablonski does not need to be introduced to the readers of this journal. Having worked on a multitude of topics, from the evolution of gibbons to theories on bipedalism, Jablonski has established herself as a prolific biological anthropologist. Now Jablonski has written a general-interest book on human skin, and she succeeds (most of the time) in making this seemingly unexciting topic very exciting. The casual reader might be surprised to discover, however, that 91 of the book's 266 pages are devoted to the glossary, notes, and index. As the title indicates, the book is a natural history of skin, primarily human skin. Thus, it discusses the evolution of skin beginning with multicellular organisms, the properties of skin, skin abrasions, and even skin as a canvas for human art and expression. Given how broad these topics are, some chapters are not altogether coherent. For example, the chapter ''Skin's Dark Secret'' covers everything from melanin production, to zebrafish genes, to albinism, to sex and age variation in skin pigment, to methods of measuring skin color. In my opinion, the chapter lacked coherence. An anthropological vision is palpable throughout Jablonski's book, and it made the topic delightful and the reading enjoyable. Indeed, I frequently thought that this book would be a great way to introduce a nonanthropologist to the anthropological perspective. Whenever it is possible, Jablonski incorporates archaeology (e.g., the presence of pigments in the archaeological record), linguistics, by explaining the origin of everyday phrases that invoke skin-''it makes my skin crawl;'' and much, much cultural anthropology. In these days when departments of anthropology are becoming polarized along disciplinary lines, it is refreshing to see a four-field anthropologist looking at a topic in a truly holistic manner. Indeed, the parts of the book that were disappointing were those in which this complex and multidisciplinary lens was missing. Such was the case for the chapter on skin damage and injuries. Otherwise, there are numerous examples of how comprehensive an anthropological perspective is. In her chapter on the experience of touch, Jablonski talks about the biology of the transmission of the feeling of touch. Then she expands on the cross-cultural differences in the importance of touch, from the embarrassment associated with meeting someone from a culture with a very different idea of what is proper touch, to the issue of mothering. I found this last topic highly relevant and beautifully written. Jablonski makes an excellent case for rearing human babies in close proximity to their mothers with frequent breast-feeding. She discusses not only the biological benefits of breast-feeding for mother and baby, but also the experiences of children reared in orphanages with and without caring touch. A well rounded, four-field comparative view of the topic of touch, indeed. C 2007 V WILEY-LISS, INC. As biocultural as Jablonski's writing is on the subject of touch, it could have been more so in her chapter on human alterations to the skin in the form of makeup, tattoos, etc. I would have been interested in learning not only about how tattoos are created but also about how their ritual importance varies in different cultures. How is the act of getting a tattoo in a tattoo studio in a busy nightlife district in the United States different from getting a tattoo in various cultures in Melanesia? Jablonski also discusses human skin color variation, including the various hypotheses that have explained contemporary human diversity and the distribution of such diversity. She provides a nice overview of prehominine skin evolution, which I found interesting and helpful. Then she turns to the issue of hominine skin-color evolution. Although she is probably right when she says that ''the australopithecines were not yet naked apes'' and that ''early members of the genus Homo . . . were darkly pigmented'' (pp. 77–78), I wish that she had been more cautious in these statements. Indeed, she refers her readers to a color plate of hominine species that shows reconstructions, not photographs, of these species. There are some things about our evolutionary past that we cannot be 100% certain about, and it is important to convey this to the general public. When it comes to discussing the distribution of human skin color, Jablonski does a phenomenal job tying this variation to the concept of race. She stresses the lack of sharp boundaries and the adaptive value of skin color, which might evolve fairly quickly should a population migrate. In addition, she directly challenges the validity of using skin color as a proxy for genetic ancestry, a trend that is unfortunately becoming more frequent in biomedical research. Jablonski writes: ''In recent years, an increasing number of studies have used skin color in medical research as a surrogate for 'race' or a genetically distinct group. This approach is disturbing, because it ignores the role of sociocultural factors in mediating the relationship between skin color and various disease processes. Skin color is not an accurate proxy of ancestry and must be used with great caution'' (p. 95). Next to these sentences, I wrote a big ''BRAVO!'' Lastly, I would like to pinpoint a feature of writing that is normally absent in research papers: beautiful prose. Of this, there is much in Jablonski's book. Phrases such as ''the deliciously acute sense of touch'' (p. 170) or ''the pleasure of sexual intimacy comes from the exquisite expectation of touch and the delight and relief of skin-to-skin contact'' (p. 119) made me wish I could write in such a style more often. In sum, I found Jablonski's book well rounded and enjoyable by specialists and nonspecialists alike. It puts forth the best our discipline can offer: holism and cross-cultural relativism in a very attractive prose. LORENA MADRIGAL Department of Anthropology University of South Florida Tampa, Florida DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20632 Published online 25 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). BOOK REVIEWS THE COMPLETE WORLD OF HUMAN EVOLUTION. By Chris Stringer and Peter Andrews. London: Thames and Hudson. 2005. ISBN 0-500-05132-1. 240 pp. $39.95 (hardcover). RECONSTRUCTING HUMAN ORIGINS: A MODERN SYNTHESIS, 2ND EDITION By Glenn C. Conroy. New York: W. W. Norton. 2005. ISBN 0-393-92590-0. 592 pp. $78.10 (paper). PRIMATE AND HUMAN EVOLUTION. By Susan Cachel. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2006. ISBN 1-52182942-9. 488 pp. $130.00 (hardcover). Authors of books on human evolution have a ticklish task. Coupled with the fact that their intellectual contribution will soon be out of date and in need of revision is the requirement to present contentious topics and ambiguous data succinctly, coherently, and with more than a nod to impartiality. As one who regularly teaches human evolution to both undergraduates and graduates, I find myself picking the most recent text for a course rather than an older favorite in order to provide students with up-to-the-minute fossil discoveries, dates, and revised taxonomies. The last two years have thus been bountiful, yielding two new human evolution textbooks as well as a treatise on hominin behavioral evolution. What is even more remarkable is that all are thoughtful, engagingly written, and pretty evenhanded when it comes to controversial issues. Or, as Glenn Conroy writes in the preface to his volume, ''While I am certain my own biases percolate through on occasion, I have made every effort to present the reader with what I take to be a balanced view of the major events and issues in human evolution'' (pp. xvii). Regardless of one's thoughts about different interpretations, all three books empower readers with information and analysis but leave them free to disagree with the authors. While all the books aim to explore and explain hominin evolution, they differ in organization, emphasis, detail, and length. To begin with the leanest of the three, Christopher Stringer and Peter Andrews's volume is a delight on several levels. It is so beautifully illustrated (with photographs, line drawings, and colorful reconstructions) that even the most frugal undergraduates will hang on to their copies rather than sell them back to the bookstore. The engaging prose is concise and substantive. The authors have deliberately emphasized theory and methods over detail about any one taxon. For this reason it is a comprehensive standalone book for an introductory course on human evolution, but it could also serve as a basic text for an upperlevel course if supplemented with articles from the primary literature. The main body of the book has three sections. The first (ca. 60 pages) is devoted to methods and approaches including dating, the study of animal function, and taphonomy. Of note is a thorough section on paleoenvironmental reconstruction that provides six case studies ranging from the Early Miocene (Rusinga Island) to Late Pleistocene (Gibraltar). The second section, a spare 100 pages, is a chronological tour of the fossil evidence, from primate and anthropoid origins through the origins of anatomically modern humans. Moderns, Neanderthals, and Miocene catarrhines are particularly well covered in this section, but I would have liked more detail on the australopiths, who receive just 13 pages of attention. The final section of the book, 50 pages of special topics 1167 having to do with interpretation of the fossil and archeological records, covers locomotor and dietary reconstruction, hominin dispersals, tool use, art, and the reconstruction of ancient human behavior. Stringer and Andrews are to be commended both for fitting a remarkable amount of detail into their abridged version of human evolution and for the fair presentation. If you expect these proponents of the Out of Africa theory to hit you over the head with evidence supporting it, you would be wrong. They provide ample critique of early problems with the mitochondrial Eve hypothesis, and when discussing Neanderthal-Cro-Magnon relations, they note: ''whether the two populations could have interbred successfully, we cannot say . . . whether their [the Neanderthals] replacement was absolute remains to be seen'' (p. 165). Glenn Conroy's Reconstructing Human Origins is a second edition of his 1997 text. The update differs in several ways, and at just under 600 pages of text and illustrations, it is a tour de force. New features include an expanded preface, which presents two sample hominin taxonomies: a splitter's dream version as well as an alternate in which all hominins, chimpanzees, and bonobos are placed in genus Homo. This sets up Conroy's concerted effort to highlight diversity of opinion when it occurs. The first chapter, on primate biology and anatomy, is new and is illustrated with the precise, two-tone, shaded artwork that graces the entire volume. Three background chapters are on climate and time scales, finding and dating fossils, and naming and classifying hominins. The topics of the remaining nine chapters are structured according to traditional stages; we are introduced to Miocene hominoids, the australopiths, early Homo, H. erectus, archaic Homo, and moderns and Neanderthals. One departure from more traditional hominin classifications is the abandonment of robust and gracile subdivisions of the australopiths. South and East African australopiths have their own chapters (new in this edition) detailing sites and fossils, and a third chapter is devoted to their paleobiology and phylogeny. The origin of Homo then follows, and here tool traditions and lifestyle and behavioral reconstructions are interwoven with overviews of sites and specimens. By the time we get to the chapter on H. erectus, it is clear the author is sympathetic to a multiregional explanation of evolution in Homo, but he nonetheless presents other opinions as he first describes individual fossil specimens and then interprets them in a ''Current Issues and Debates'' section. Archaic forms from Europe (excluding Neanderthals), China, and Africa are considered in the next chapter. The Dmanisi fossils are mentioned briefly here as Homo cf. ergaster; but these fossils would seem more logically to belong in the preceding chapter. The origin of anatomically modern humans is covered in the last two chapters. The first of these sets up the Out of Africa and multiregional models and then deals with the molecular evidence, while the second gives an overview of the relevant fossil record of moderns and Neanderthals. The molecular section focuses on mitochondrial evidence, and to a lesser extent, the Y chromosome and does not include much evidence from other genetic markers. An inclusion of Maryellen Ruvolo's American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa 1168 BOOK REVIEWS synthesis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA coalescence times would have been welcome here. The more morphological chapter, in which anatomy and genetics of Neanderthals are covered, is subtitled ''Reality Check.'' In it Conroy discusses his concerns with the Out of Africa model and ends by citing Willermet and Clark (1995, Journal of Human Evolution 29: 487-490) who noted that, whether deliberately or not, researchers tend to privilege fossils and other data that support their positions, a sobering thought on which to end a textbook. Susan Cachel's Primate and Human Evolution is a provocative, refreshingly nonconfrontational, structured set of musings on hominin evolution-what strikes me as a nonconformist's take on pattern and process in human evolution. Cachel brings to the table less direct experience with fossils than the authors discussed above, yet her background is impressively broad. She has published on topics ranging from the history of science to speciation, ranging patterns, paleoecology, growth and allometry, functional morphology, and diet. The book is not easy to pigeonhole. To begin with, it is not really about primate evolution in the sense that it does not provide a comprehensive overview of the primate fossil record. Instead, the author wants to impress upon her readers the value of nonhuman primate studies—indeed, mammalian behavioral ecological approaches in general—in reconstructing and explaining the stages of hominin evolution. She is up front about eschewing ''chimp-centric'' and other primate referential models (sensu Tooby and DeVore, in The Evolution of Human Behavior: Primate Models [1987]) that have dominated reconstructions of hominin behavioral evolution over the last 40-odd years. Instead, she looks to nonprimate mammals that evince high levels of cooperation, with the notion that this fundamental aspect of modern human behavior requires explanation. Chapters 1 and 2 offer historical perspectives on evolutionary thinking and anthropology with a special focus on primatology. Chapter 3 introduces the fossil record, in the form of a few Miocene primates, but not in detail. Instead, these taxa are used as examples to begin to introduce theories about competition and ecology. Chapters 4-7 deal with primate speciation and extinction, the primate body, captive primate studies, and a summary of key aspects of the catarrhine ''substrate.'' The latter, although brief, is one of the meatiest chapters in the book; the author has distilled down many aspects of catarrhine biology in an attempt to reconstruct the primitive catarrhine behavioral morphotype. This is more challenging than it might appear, since modern catarrhines are represented by two very different, derived groups. In many cases, for any given trait, we do not know if the last common ancestor of extant catarrhines was like living hominoids, cercopithecoids, or something else. Chapters 8-10 also focus on living primates, and here the emphasis is on sociality and primate psychology. In this section, Cachel begins to build a case that human intelligence derives not from primate sociality per se but from attentiveness to the natural world. Chapters 11–13 deal with body size, the nature of the fossil record, and bipedalism. She offers some intriguing insights, including the observation that sexual dimorphism is sensitive to food stress and that we should be cautious when making inferences from the fossil record, since in times of plenty the size of males will increase disproportionately. She calls attempts to reconstruct the origin of pair bond- ing via reconstructions of body size dimorphism the pursuit of a mirage. Occasionally, Cachel presents controversial views without opposition. For example, in Chapter 13, the author notes that because the Late Miocene European hominoid Dryopithecus was suspensory, it is an ''ineluctable conclusion'' that hominin bipedalism ''evolved directly from arboreal suspensory posture and locomotion'' (p. 281). This ignores differences of opinion about which mode of locomotion predated bipedalism. It also presumes the adaptations of Dryopithecus bear directly on hominin origins, a premature conclusion given disagreement about its phylogenetic position (i.e., is it more closely related to all great apes, African apes, or Pongo?) and the poor Late Miocene record in Africa. Chapter 14 deals with ''The Hominid Radiation,'' and we are lead from Sahelanthropus to Homo sapiens in 18 pages. The final four chapters focus on the author's view of hominization, one which she characterizes as a ''behavior first'' model. Critical to this model, as mentioned above, is a comparative mammal approach to reconstructing prehominin behavior that explicitly rejects female philopatry as associated with too much intragroup competition (i.e., among matrilines). Instead Cachel posits a more cooperative ancestral society characterized by eusocial groups incorporating communal breeding, sentinel behavior, helpers at the nest, and provisioning. The advanced sociality of the callitrichids is mentioned, but as this is tied to their unusual pattern of twinning, she instead emphasizes communal breeders such as the banded mongoose and the meerkat in forming a conceptual model for hominin origins. In this she is bolstered by recent work by Tim CluttonBrock, who has noted that the generalized reciprocity that can occur among unrelated mammals and the advantages of group augmentation and mutualism might be relevant to understanding the evolution of human cooperative behavior. Undeveloped is the corollary that a eusocial hominin ancestor implies a eusocial Pan-Homo last common ancestor (LCA). While a cooperative LCA would have facilitated increased social dependence in hominins, dramatically different social evolution would then have had to occur in Pan. With Gorilla, Pongo, and dimorphic Miocene hominoids as ever more distant outgroups, a cooperative LCA seems incongruous. While high to moderate body-size dimorphism and its associated intense male-male competition do not negate cooperation (take lions, for example), highly sexually dimorphic, cooperative species are unusual. However, the wide array of different social structures and behaviors in living hominoids (contrast the two species of Pan) suggests that rapid social behavioral evolution is possible. In this context, a reconstruction of the LCA as being unlike any extant hominoid is plausible. Cachel's model also leads to some interesting speculations. For example, she notes that cooperative sentinel behavior would have been important for the development of bipedalism: small-bodied, slow-moving bipeds vulnerable to predators would be aided by conspecifics vigilant on their behalf. Sentinel behavior is further suggested to have been a first step in evolving the observational abilities needed for the evolution of what she refers to as natural history intelligence. Alas, the clock has been ticking on these texts since their publication, and they already need to be supple- American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa 1169 BOOK REVIEWS mented with late-breaking information on the Neanderthal nuclear genome, anatomically modern skulls from South Africa, etc. However, all the major stages and events, as well as the finer nuances of what we know about human evolution as of 2006 are richly covered in these books. Apart from their value as textbooks, biological anthropologists want these three volumes to peruse for fun, for information, and with the same enduring fascination that no doubt prompted the authors to write these books in the first place. THE OSTEOLOGY OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN. By Brenda J. Baker, Tosha L. Dupras, and Matthew W. Tocheri; drawings by Sandra M. Wheeler. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press. 2005. 178 pp. ISBN 1-58544-465-0. $34.95 (paper). This is an excellent text for anthropologists, archaeologists, and others interested in identifying juvenile skeletal remains. The book is divided into 10 chapters covering excavation, identification, siding, major developmental changes, and age estimation of subadults at all stages of development. The book teaches students to recognize individual skeletal elements, and the more experienced practitioner in the field finds a reference manual for distinguishing human and nonhuman bones. In addition, researchers can access handy reference charts for age estimation. Part One of the book begins by addressing the importance of juvenile remains in our understanding of demography, growth, disease, and the positive identification of an individual. The authors rightly state that students seldom receive any formal training in the recognition of subadult remains and often later confuse them with nonhuman bones in the field. Chapter 1 also briefly discusses bone chemical composition, basic gross bone structure, the essentials of endochondral and intramembranous ossification, and anatomical terminology. The chapter concludes with a brief section on terminology (e.g., infant, child, adolescent, etc.) and the difficulty of sexing subadult remains. Chapter 2 covers the recognition, preservation, and excavation of subadult remains in the field. The authors discuss sample bias due to differential preservation and mortuary treatment, and several beautiful black-andwhite photographs are included that display Egyptian subadult remains in situ. Sufficient detail on excavation tools, documentation of the burial, removal from the soil, and preservation techniques used by conservators is provided. The final section discusses laboratory treatment and curation, including labeling, inventory forms, and storage. Part Two of the text covers the skull and teeth and contains three chapters. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 introduce the bones of the cranial vault and of the face, respectively. The chapters are set up similarly, describing the appearance of and major stages of development for each individual bone; differentiation of bones that may look similar; and siding techniques. Each bone is accompanied by clearly labeled, black-and-white illustrations depicting various views. Chapter 5 discusses the dentition. The authors take us step by step through five stages in tooth identification: tooth type (incisor, canine, premolar, or molar), deciduous or permanent, maxillary or mandibular, position in the dentition, and right or left side. Direc- LAURA MACLATCHY Department of Anthropology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20659 Published online 25 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). tional terminology is covered along with basic tooth function and morphology (e.g., number of roots, cusp size). Detailed discussion of specific morphology, such as the names of fissures, is not provided. Both deciduous and permanent dentitions are discussed and illustrated. Part Three (Chapters 6–9) addresses the infracranial skeleton. As in the preceding chapters on the skull, elements of the infracranial skeleton are presented logically through description of the major growth stages, basic morphology, possible confusion with other bones, and tips for distinguishing left and right sides where relevant. Illustrations are large, clear, and well labeled. The authors do not present the elements in the characteristic regional manner (upper limb, lower limb, etc.) but group similar elements, beginning with the vertebral column and pelvic girdle, chest and shoulder girdle, upper and lower limbs, and hands and feet. Those using the book as a field manual will appreciate this organization, especially when attempting to differentiate limb bones and hand and foot bones. The final chapter serves as a summary for the entire book. Five tables provide summary information on approximate ages for the appearance and fusion of the epiphyses. Twelve age-related templates illustrate all of the skeletal elements at various stages of development and allow a quick and easy visual review of the elements present. The book concludes with a nice reference section including the main sources of studies on subadult skeletal remains. The highlights of this book are many. It offers an affordable alternative to the higher priced and technically dense manuals available. It functions well as a textbook and field guide without being unduly burdened with extensive detail. I especially liked the presentation of the long bones, which are illustrated with age progressions, and the large illustrations of smaller elements such as epiphyses and hand and foot bones. The presentation of the infracranial bones-grouping similar elements-lends itself to ease of identification in the field or the lab. The book has a logical and consistent organization and clearly labeled illustrations. There are a few drawbacks, which may be particular to this reader. I would have liked to have seen a more in-depth discussion of ossification in Chapter 1. The data in the tables in Chapter 12 are not cited, so the sources of the specific information are unclear. This is a concern throughout the text wherever age information is presented. The illustrations are quite good, although some lack detail, making depth and contour a bit flat. I felt the chapter on the dentition was the weakest. It is the only chapter to include adult morphology, and the text skipped back and forth in a sometimes confusing manner. The illustrations in this chapter were adequate, although I found that many adult and deciduous teeth American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa 1170 BOOK REVIEWS looked quite similar except for size differences, and the occlusal surfaces of deciduous molars were nearly identical. It should be noted that the reader should be familiar with adult osteology or learning it at the same time, as bony landmarks are not illustrated here but are treated in the text as though the reader is already familiar with the terms. Overall, The Osteology of Infants and Children is an excellent source for the classroom and for the more experienced practitioner who desires a field reference manual with large, clearly labeled illustrations. It is suitable for undergraduates, graduate students, or professionals who are familiar with adult osteology. The authors succeed in their stated goal to provide a field and laboratory manual on juvenile osteology and a text- INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PRIMATES: BEHAVIOR, ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION. By Charles L. Nunn and Sonia Altizer. New York: Oxford University Press. 2006. 384 pp. ISBN 0-198-56585-2. $49.50 (paper). Primatologists, ecologists, and epidemiologists have traditionally studied health issues to varying degrees, using disparate methodologies for entirely different motivations. As a result, discipline-dependant assumptions about the role of disease in the ecology of nonhuman primates (NHPs) and the role of NHPs in the evolution of infectious diseases have emerged. Recently, our lack of information and understanding of the ecology of health and disease issues in wild NHPs has been exposed by emerging diseases such as the Ebola virus and SIV/HIV and a host of other new issues. The stated goal of Infectious Diseases of Primates is ''to identify key questions in a framework that integrates existing knowledge of host-parasite interactions with what we know about primate sociality and behavior, while also examining the implications of this knowledge for primate conservation and understanding of human evolution'' (p 5). The authors of this text performed a valuable service to our collective multidisciplinary community by attacking this problem in three ways. First, they provide a comparative review of approaches used to study NHPs, ecology, and health, which gives us a baseline from where to begin interdisciplinary work. Second, a summary of existing knowledge, synthesized across disciplines, of NHP health and disease issues helps clarify the scope of available information and identify important gaps in our knowledge. Finally, the author's conclusions provide an in-depth outline of multidisciplinary research needs in this area for the next 10 years. It is my opinion that this is an invaluable addition to the library of anyone interested in primatology, epidemiology, or wildlife conservation and medicine. This book progresses in a logical flow through nine chapters, beginning with a review of the relevant underlying principles of microbiology, primatology, and epidemiology and progressing to an examination of the interaction among factors such as immune function, behavioral strategies, and social systems in the primate host, parasite, and the environment. The final third of the text discusses implications for conservation, human health, and evolution, and outlines suggestions for the future. All chapters are accompanied by very legible, useful, and well-described figures and call-out boxes highlighting relevant material or examples. book for osteology courses. This book fills the void that existed for an affordable, clear, well organized, and not overly technically burdened text on subadult osteology. I certainly will be placing an order for my next osteology class. SAMANTHA HENS Department of Anthropology California State University Sacramento Sacramento, California DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20660 Published online 25 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). Of particular use to novices of multidisciplinary primate health issues are the first four chapters. The first chapter justifies this text through a review of current knowledge, showing just how much we do not know. Standardized definitions of parasite and disease set the table for the entire discussion. The second chapter provides a list of terms and concepts that all of us should understand to properly evaluate and contribute to the literature. An added bonus is the discussion of virulence and the trade-off hypothesis, which states that parasites evolve to an intermediate level of virulence rather than a benign state as many assume; this is crucial to any discussion of emerging diseases. Chapter 3 focuses on host traits and disease risk and provides good information from the primate socioecological perspective. Further discussion of the use of parasite intensity would be useful to help interpret the wealth of macroparasite studies available since many peer-reviewed publications use egg counts (some would say incorrectly) as indicators of this variable. Epidemiologists will at first be disappointed with the discussion of risk or risk assessment, but it soon becomes evident that it is an issue of terminology, not approach, leaving some comparative educational work to be done. Chapter 4 gives a basic introduction to the epidemiological perspective on this issue and one of the better basic disease modeling summaries I have read. In the fifth chapter, disciplines begin to integrate in a more complex way. It begins with another basic lesson, this one in immunology. However, it is quickly integrated with behavioral strategies for parasite removal (i.e., grooming and medicinal plant consumption) and avoidance (via habitat use, diet, parental care, and conspecific interactions) and the role of parasites on mate selection and fecundity. This is followed by a more in-depth discussion (Chapter 6) of interactions between microbial life cycles and primate social systems. This chapter illustrates that health is truly a complex, dynamic, iterative process affected by many factors. Chapter 7 broadens the perspective to include a very good review of external factors that influence the health of NHP communities. An introduction to the concepts of emerging disease and anthropogenic change highlights the important challenges to conservation-habitat destruction, direct animal off-take and removal, and human-associated pressure on parasite evolution and how they affect disease dynamics. It is followed by a review of emerging strategies to combat these issues. Chapter 8 transitions from anthropogenic change to the American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa 1171 BOOK REVIEWS evolutionary relationship between NHPs and humans, the co-evolution of parasites in humans, and the issues of both zoonotic and anthropo-zoonotic disease transmission. This chapter provides recognition of the strong overlap between health issues in all primate communities and is a very good addition. We are at a time when we are no longer asking if disease is important to primate conservation, but are beginning to focus on questions of Why?, How much?, and What can we do about it? As such, this book is incredibly well timed and one of the better interdisciplinary books I have read. While providing a much needed summary of the state of the art in wild primate health research, there are also many original analyses that could have been published elsewhere, and that add a great deal of value to BIOARCHAEOLOGY: THE CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN REMAINS. Edited by Jane E. Buikstra and Lane A. Beck. Burlington, MA: Academic Press. 2006. 606 pp. ISBN 0-123-69541-4. $74.95 (hardcover). Buikstra states in the preface to Bioarchaeology: The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains that the purpose of the book is to present both the history and future of bioarchaeology as a distinct discipline in North America. She has done that admirably and has presented a future worth pursuing. Anthropologists have long needed a benchmark evaluation of bioarchaeology, and Buikstra and Beck have gathered the best in the field to contribute to the endeavor. In fact, the 150-page bibliography of the major works in bioarchaeology would be enough to warrant buying this book, and each of the three sections of the text would serve well as course readings for various graduate and upper-level undergraduate courses. The book's first section, ''People and Projects: Early Landmarks in American Bioarchaeology,'' is a detailed history of skeletal analysis and how physical anthropology developed in the United States. All anthropologists should read this history. It explains how bioarchaeology evolved as it did in the context of the larger discipline of anthropology and situates current research programs in an extensive body of work. Within this section is one of the most interesting yet disquieting chapters, ''Invisible Hands: Women in Bioarchaeology.'' This chapter surveys the contributions of women to the development of bioarchaeology, and its 14 authors do an excellent job of highlighting the important work of a seemingly misplaced roster of long-neglected women. They remind us of the societal pressures that denied female scholars the support or recognition they deserved and take some steps to honor them now. It is bittersweet to see pioneering women get their due so long after it does them any good personally, and it is perhaps sadly surprising that in the 21st century there is still a clear need to devote a chapter to the missing gender in our histories. While the first section is beneficial for all anthropologists, Section II, ''Emerging Specialties,'' will be more appreciated by bioarchaeology graduate students and professionals working in the field today. Its primary focus is gross examination of skeletal material, a more traditional approach to bioarchaeology that some of the chapters in the final section seem to set aside. This section is an interesting counterpoint to the future-focused final section, with traditional topics of behavioral inference, paleodemography, genetic distance, paleopathology, the text. Most importantly, this book provides a well thought-out, well-organized, science-based list of important questions for our general community to focus on in the near future. DOMINIC TRAVIS Davee Center for Epidemiology and Endocrinology Lincoln Park Zoological Society Chicago, Illinois DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20661 Published online 6 June 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). and dental anthropology, each given its own chapter containing a topical history as well as a discussion of the current state of the science. The four chapters of the final section, ''On to the 21st Century,'' project into the future a thread that runs throughout the work, the need to collaborate with scholars outside of physical anthropology. Many different kinds of collaboration are explored. Larsen, in Chapter 13, emphasizes the need to work collaboratively with ''those who study ancient DNA, bone geometry, or tooth microwear'' (p 372). He sees scientific and laboratory advances as the fundamental ways that bioarchaeology will proceed in the future, but he may not be taking strictures placed on researchers adequately into account. It is not always possible to get money or permission to perform destructive tests on bone. As Roberts warns in the final chapter, ''destructive sampling for biomolecular analysis should be carefully controlled and restricted to proposals of real scientific value'' (p 435). This is directly at odds with Larsen's view of the future of the field. Goldstein, in Chapter 14, stresses the need to have more integration between archaeologists (her specialization) and physical anthropologists. This sentiment reiterates decades of such pleas, and one wonders if we will ever be able to stop arguing for this collaboration and just do it. Buikstra's chapter (Chapter 15) on repatriation issues shows that bioarchaeology in the United States will require cooperative efforts among politicians, Native Americans, archaeologists, and bioarchaeologists if it is to continue to thrive. Finally, Roberts presents an account of how bioarchaeology has grown as a discipline in Britain. Through her account, we see why it is vital to keep bioarchaeology firmly rooted in four-field anthropology (p 439). I believe that all anthropologists who want a firm grasp of whence our discipline has come and where it is going will benefit from this volume. It will serve as a worthwhile resource for bioanthropologists for years to come. SUSAN KIRKPATRICK SMITH Department of Geography and Anthropology Kennesaw State University Kennesaw, Georgia DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20662 Published online 25 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa 1172 BOOK REVIEWS BOOKS RECEIVED Environmental Backgrounds. New York: Springer. 281 pp. $139.00 (hardcover). Lecointre G and Le Guyader H (2006) The Tree of Life: A Phylogenetic Classification. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 559 pp. $39.95 (cloth). Park K (2006) Secrets of Women: Gender, Generation, and the Origins of Human Dissection. Cambridge, MA: Zone Books. 419 pp. $36.95 (cloth). Saillant F and Genest S (eds.) (2007) Medical Anthropology: Regional Perspectives and Shared Concerns. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 305 pp. $34.95 (paper). Sale K (2007) After Eden: The Evolution of Human Domination. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 186 pp. $19.95 (paper). Stone L and Lurquin PF (2007) Genes, Culture, and Human Evolution: A Synthesis. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 314 pp. $44.95 (paper). Swedell L and Leigh SR(eds.) (2006) Reproduction and Fitness in Baboons: Behavioral, Ecological, and Life History Perspectives. New York: Springer. 322 pp. $125.00 (hardcover). Webb SD (ed.) (2006) First Floridians and Last Mastodons: The Page-Ladson Site in the Aucilla River. New York: Springer. 588 pp. $199.00 (hardcover). Carpenter K (ed.) (2007) Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 369 pp. $49.95 (cloth). Crawford M (ed.) (2007) Anthropological Genetics: Theory, Methods and Applications. New York: Cambridge University Press. 476 pp. $65.00 (paper). Currey JD (2006) Bones: Structure and Mechanics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 436 pp. $39.50 (paper). Estrada A, Garber PA, Pavelka M, and Luecke L. (eds.) (2006) New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates: Distribution, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation. New York: Springer. 600 pp. $139.00 (hardcover). Glad J (2006) Future Human Evolution: Eugenics in the Twenty-First Century. Schuylkill Haven, PA: Hermitage Publishers. 136 pp. $12.00 (cloth). Gould L and Sauther ML (eds.) (2006) Lemurs: Ecology and Adaptation. New York: Springer. 450 pp. $149.00 (hardcover). Hutchinson DL (2006) Tatham Mound and the Bioarchaeology of European Contact: Disease and Depopulation in Central Gulf Coast Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. 258 pp. $59.95 (cloth). Ishida H, Tuttle R, Pickford M, Ogihara N, and Nakatsukasa M. (eds.) (2006) Human Origins and DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20628 Published online 14 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). Anderson GS (2007) Biological Influences on Criminal Behavior. New York: CRC Press. 315 pp. $89.95 (hardcover). Ankel-Simons F (2007) Primate Anatomy: An Introduction, 3rd Ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 752 pp. $69.95 (paper). Bandelt H-J, Macaulay V, and Richards M (eds.) (2006) Human Mitochondrial DNA and the Evolution of Homo sapiens. Berlin: Springer. 271 pp. $139.00 (hardcover). Brickley MB, and Ferllini R (2007) Forensic Anthropology: Case Studies from Europe. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas. 250 pp. $68.95 (hardcover). Cassman V, Odegaard N, and Powell J (eds.) (2006) Human Remains: Guide for Museums and Academic Institutions. Lanham, MD: AltaMira. 336 pp. $59.95 (cloth). Dunand F, and Lichtenberg R (2006) Mummies and Death in Egypt. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 234 pp. $39.95 (cloth). Ellen R (ed.) (2006) Ethnobiology and the Science of Humankind. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 202 pp. $34.95 (paper). Foley R (2006) Unknown Boundaries: Exploring Human Evolutionary Studies. New York: Cambridge University Press. 42 pp. $17.99 (paper). Friedlaender JS (ed.) (2007) Genes, Language and Culture History in the Southwest Pacific. New York: Oxford University Press. 248 pp. $69.50 (hardcover). Goodman SM and Benstead JP (eds.) (2003) The Natural History of Madagascar. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1709 pp. $50.00 (paper). Harvati K and Harrison T (eds.) (2006) Neanderthals Revisited: New Approaches and Perspectives. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. 332 pp. $129.00 (hardcover). Jolly A, Sussman RW, Koyama N, and Rasamimanana H (eds.) (2006) Ringtailed Lemur Biology: Lemur catta in Madagascar. New York: Springer. 376 pp. $129.00 (hardcover). Kauth MR (ed.) (2006) Handbook of the Evolution of Human Sexuality. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press. 395 pp. $50.00 (paper). McGhee G (2007) The Geometry of Evolution: Adaptive Landscapes and Theoretical Morphospaces. New York: Cambridge University Press. 200 pp. $75.00 (hardcover). Park MA (2008) Biological Anthropology. Boston: McGraw Hill. 447 pp. $87.19 (paper). Teschler-Nicola M (ed.) (2007) Early Modern Humans at the Moravian Gate: The Mladeè Caves and their Remains. New York: Springer. 528 pp. $199.00 (hardcover). Thompson T and Black S (2007) Forensic Human Identification: An Introduction. New York: CRC Press. 518 pp. $99.95 (hardcover). American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa BOOK REVIEWS Trawick M (2007) Enemy Lines: Warfare, Childhood, and Play in Batticaloa. Berkeley: University of California Press. 301 pp. $24.95 (paper). Ubelaker DH (ed.) (2006) Environment, Origins, and Population: Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 3. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. 1146 pp. $72.00 (cloth). Uerpmann H, Uerpmann M, and Jasim SA (eds.) (2006) Funeral Monuments and Human Remains from Jebel al-Buhais. Tübingen: Kerns Verlag. 385 pp. €69.95 (cloth). 1173 Willoughby PR (2006) The Evolution of Modern Humans in Africa: A Comprehensive Guide. Lanham, MD: AltaMira. 462 pp. $49.95 (paper). Zimmer C (2005) Smithsonian Intimate Guide to Human Origins. New York: Collins. 176 pp. $15.95 (paper). DOI 10.1002/ajpa.20663 Published online 25 May 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). American Journal of Physical Anthropology—DOI 10.1002/ajpa


text:
Faytech - 5 Simple Techniques For IP65 Touch ScreenIt truly is well suited for environments which happen to be exposed to higher amounts of sunlight, weathering and water as this watch is totally IP65-sealed which has a stainless-steel casing.
Our popular firm site specifics DSL's technological innovations and investments, new merchandise releases, exhibition attendances, whitepaper releases and for the personal touch, our valued personnel' excess curricular achievements.
"IoT" describes the revolution in bringing World-wide-web connectivity to previously isolated devices, reaching 'related gadgets'.
Not like a Local IoT deployment, a Remote IoT software could possibly have no regional IT infrastructure, so no LAN or WiFi accessible to join our IoT gateway to; Or maybe it does, but you absence authorization to obtain that local network infrastructure.
View Goods PPC-4211W The PPC-4211W is a different era Panel Laptop with Total High definition (1920 x 1080) screen. The big panel enable you to to display extra nonetheless significant data in one screen. The most important, process equips with substantial performacne Intel Core i CPU but the warmth is often dispatched effortlessly by higher effeciency fanless thermal design. This would make HMI a huge step forward to consolidate overall performance and reliability in a single program.
We realize that DSL clients often have really demanding and difficult challenge targets to fulfill concerning good quality, cost and time. They count on us to Perform a crucial function in meeting these plans by building the design and delivery course of action as easy and predictable as you can.
Moreover, with rich I/O as 5xCOM, 5xUSB and twin Gigabit ethernet make it much easier to connect with click here products and become integrated into device building business. Additionally, with PCIe x4 growth to include on field bus or propiretary card tends to make additional application posibility. The last but not minimum, the multi touch screen would make the HMI much more intuitive, brings you the top function knowledge.
Off-the-shelf techniques is often visually and functionally customised to suit your each whim, with a range of bezel components together with chrome steel, aluminium and plastic.
As an example, an IoT Gateway passing via facts from the lone environmental sensor machine deployed remotely is commercially impracticable – Power companies have to have to connect directly to their Clever Meter, not trust The buyer to supply (and maintain) nearby WiFi entry.
Throughout Place of work several hours, watch out with the 'LiveChat now' button to start An immediate messaging dialogue with considered one of our specialist Complex Gross sales crew.
Early examples include things like wise thermostats enabling the person to manage their central heating remotely, while in the industrial sector this has signalled the arrival of Sector four.0, heralding a brand new era in M2M clever producing.
Early examples include wise thermostats enabling the consumer to regulate their central heating remotely, however in the commercial sector this has signalled the arrival of Marketplace four.0, heralding a whole new period in M2M good producing.
The combination of DSL and Aplex facilitates application unique modifications to become undertaken in similar costs/time-scales to plain solutions working with Aplex's personal abroad manufacturing facility.
By utilising the hugely ruggedised alternative, installing an Industrial Display Observe, liquid or dust ingress is no more of worry, nor degradation in the Show resulting from weighty utilization.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Plane Crashes at Crystal Airport
June 4 – Two people were injured after an experimental plane crashed at the Crystal Airport on Saturday.
Crews from West Metro fire were called to the airport around 6 p.m. and found the plane down, about 100 feet from the end of the runway.
According to the Star Tribune, the single engine, fixed-wing plane failed to gain altitude.
The two occupants were transported to the hospital and their conditions are unknown.
Firefighters applied a blanket of foam around the plane.
Brooklyn Park House Fire Called 'Suspicious'
April 11 – Officials say that Monday's fire that heavily damaged a Brooklyn Park home is suspicious.
Brooklyn Park and West Metro crews were dispatched to 6633 Kentucky Ave. at 9:03 p.m.
The first unit arrived to find the one-story, 1,500-square-foot dwelling well involved in fire. The home was close to the end of a dirt road which was a dead-end.
The first engine arrived and deployed a master stream to the blazing structure and also pulled a line to protect the exposure on the D-side.
Crews encountered water supply issues when they first arrived, because the closest hydrant was over 1,000 feet away, according to Deputy Fire Chief Todd Seitz.
Firefighters focused on protecting the exposures and controlling the heavy volume of fire coming from the structure.
The fire was brought under control in about 30 minutes.
The Hennepin County Fire Investigation Team was called to assist with the investigation. Seitz said the fire is suspicious and that officials are looking for a vehicle that left the area prior to the fire being discovered.
Plymouth Engine 21 and Osseo Tanker 11 with Chief 1 covered the city.
- Assignment: Brooklyn Park Engines 12, 21, 31, 41, Aerial 21, Rescue 31 Chiefs 1, 2, 3, 21 and 31. Mutual aid: West Metro Chief 11 and Aerial 11, Brooklyn Center Engine 3 and Salvage and Maple Grove Aerial 11.
Video: Brooklyn Park Garage Fire
We found a video of the March 29 fire that destroyed a garage in Brooklyn Park.
Several West metro fire crews were called to the fire at 7616 69th Ave. at 8:24 p.m.
Firefighters Hold Blaze to Brooklyn Park Garage
March 29 – An update on Monday's garage fire in Brooklyn Park.
Fire crews were called to 7616 69th Ave. at 8:24 p.m.
When he arrived first, Brooklyn Park Deputy Chief Todd Seitz said fire was coming through the roof of the 30-by-60-foot garage.
"Fire was threatening a four-plex building within feet of the garage, Seitz said. He said crews worked to protect the exposures and knock down the heavy fire.
The first engine secured a water supply and placed it's deck gun into operation. The next crew deployed a master stream to protect the exposure.
Once the fire was knocked down, crews entered the buildng and performed overhaul.
Seitz said crews faced several challenges, including electric lines and also propane tanks and other contents in the garage.
The fire gutted the garage and several nearby vehicles. The fire caused about $50,000 in damage.
Plymouth Engine 21 and Captain 21 covered Brooklyn Park while crews were at the scene.
Mutual Aid Responds to Brooklyn Park Fire
March 29 – Several fire departments battled what appears to be a garage fire in Brooklyn Park on Tuesday evening.
Crews were called to the 7600 block of 69th Avenue just before 9 p.m.
Units from Maple Grove, Osseo, Plymouth and West Metro were called to assist Brooklyn Park crews.
Firefighters worked to protect nearby residential buildings.
TwinCitiesFireWire.com will update the story when more information is available.
Update: Brooklyn Park Fire Caused by Child Playing with Lighter
We have an update on yesterday's apartment fire in Brooklyn Park.
Firefighters were called to the Willow Apartments at 6010 65th Ave. at 5:15 p.m. for a report of an apartment fire.
Brooklyn Park Chief 2, Deputy Chief Todd Seitz, arrived to find fire showing from the top floor on the A-side of the apartment building. The structure was still occupied and a second alarm was called because, "we had
what appeared to be movement from within the unit involved," Seitz said. He assumed command.
The the two-story building, constructed of wood-frame, has three wings that are separated by fire walls forming a U-shape. The fire was burning in the center wing that measured 430 feet long by 60 feet wide. There are 120 units in that building.
Crews from Brooklyn Park Engines 31 and 32 deployed a 150-foot 2 1/2-inch line with a wye to the second floor. A 200-foot stretch of 1 3/4-inch hose was supplemented with an additional length of hose to make the fire apartment. Brooklyn Park Chief 21 assumed interior command.
"Crews reported thick smoke and heat inside the hallway just passed the fire doors leading to the unit," Seitz said.
Command was receiving reports of people jumping from second floor windows and Brooklyn Park Aerial 21 was assigned to rescue operations on the D-side.
West Metro Aerial 11 was positioned on the C-side for roof operations. Brooklyn Park Engine 12 was tasked with searching the fire floor.
The fire was contained to the original apartment and the unit below suffered water damaged.
According to Seitz, the fire was caused by a child playing with a lighter. Damage was estimated at $45,000.
The Red Cross was called in to help two families.
- Assignment: First Alarm: Brooklyn Park Engines 12, 31, 32, 41, Brooklyn Park Aerial 21, West Metro Aerial 11, Brooklyn Park Chiefs 1, 2, 21 and West Metro Chief 11. Second Alarm: Brooklyn Center Engine 3 and Chief 2, Maple Grove Engine 11 and Chief 4, Osseo Tanker 11 and Chief 1 and Plymouth Lieutenant 23. Osseo Utility 11 provided air bottles. Plymouth Engine 21 covered Brooklyn Park
Fire Held to Kitchen of Plymouth Home
March 12- Firefighters quickly contained a kitchen fire at a Plymouth home on Saturday night.
Plymouth Fire crews were dispatched to reported house fire at 10020 30th Ave. N just before 8 p.m.
Lt. 23 went on scene with nothing showing from a two-story dwelling. Upon entering the home, a working fire was found in the kitchen. Lt. 23 passed command to West Metro Chief 31 on his arrival.
The crew from Engine 21 established a water supply and stretched a 1 3/4″ hoseline to contain the fire to the kitchen area. Ladder 21's crew provided a backup hoseline and assisted with overhauling the scene.
The fire was under control in 12 minutes from dispatch.
Additional firefighters provided ventilation and salvage operations.
Plymouth Fire Chief Rick Kline says the fire caused about $40,000 in damage.
- Assignment: Plymouth Engine 21, Tower 11, Ladders 21 and 41.


text:
5080 Elmhurst Street :: Ventura, CA 93003
Phone: 805.289.1860 FAX: 805.289.1865
Elmhurst Elementary School serves students in grades kindergarten through five following a traditional calendar. At the beginning of the 2012-13 school year, 520 students were enrolled, including 9.2% in special education, 18.5% qualifying for English Language Learner support, and 57.9% qualifying for free or reduced price lunch. Elmhurst Elementary School achieved a 2013 Academic Performance Index (API) score of 809.
Elmhurst Elementary School is the "home" school for the severely learning impaired special education program which provides services to over 25 students throughout the Ventura Unified School District and neighboring school districts within the region.


text:
Abuja – Acting President Yemi Osinbajo on Wednesday gave a cheering account of his visit to London where he met with President Muhammadu Buhari.
Osinbajo had dashed to the United Kingdom on Tuesday on the invitation of Buhari who is receiving medical attention for an undisclosed ailment.
He said Buhari was recuperating very fast and was gradually becoming his usual self, where he cracks jokes and throws jibes.
Osinbajo, however, failed to give specific details of what he and the president discussed even though they spoke for well over an hour on wide ranging issues.
When State House correspondents prodded further to know whether their deliberations included the fate of the sacked Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Babachir Lawal, and Director-General, National Intelligence Agency, Ayo Oke, whose probe was also carried out by Osinbajo's panel, the acting president simply responded that their discussion left that topic out.
Osinbajo revealed that he has been speaking with Buhari on phone, insisting that he had always gotten first hand information on the president's health.
The following conversations ensued between reporters and the acting president before he proceeded to chair the FEC meeting.
Reporters: You just got back from seeing Mr. President, what did you discuss with him?
Ag. President: Well, first as you know I went to see him, I went to check up on him, find out how he was doing. I had of course been speaking with him on the phone and I thought it will be a good thing to go and see him and generally check up on how he was doing and also to brief him on developments back at home.
So we had a very good time, we had a very good conversation on wide ranging issues and he is in very good spirit, he is recuperating very quickly and he is doing very well.
Reporters: What is the state of health of Mr. President now?
Ag. President: Well, as I have said he is in very high spirit, he is recuperating very well and we had very long conversation, we spoke for well over an hour and his humor is all there. He is doing well and he is recuperating fast.
Reporters: When is he due back?
Ag. President: I think very very shortly. Very shortly. I think we should really expect him back very shortly. Like I said he is recuperating very fast and he is doing very well.
Reporters: Was the report of the suspended SGF and NIA DG part of your conversation?
Ag. President: Wide ranging issues I really can't go into specifics of all of the discussions we had.
Reporters: Was swearing in of the two ministers part of the discussion?
Ag. President: No. We didn't discuss swearing in or anything like that.
Reporters: When will they be sworn in?
Ag. President: Well, I am not in a position to say anything. I don't have a date in mind but I'm sure very soon we will do that.
Reporters: Are we expecting Mr. President before 90 days?
Ag. President: No no. Deadlines aren't a very good thing but as I said he is recuperating fast we are expecting him very shortly. Much sooner than you will expect.
Buhari left the shores of Nigeria on May 7, 2017 shortly after receiving 82 Chibok girls kidnapped in 2014 by the Boko Haram sect.
He had returned to London on the prompting of some concerned Nigerians who advised him to go take care of his health, recover fully before returning to Nigeria.
Fayose Threatens To Release Pictures Showing Buhari Under Life-Support
However, Chairman of the Peoples Democratic Party's (PDP) Governors' Forum and governor of Ekiti State, Ayodele Fayose, on Wednesday accused Acting President Yemi Osinbajo of not being truthful over the real health condition of President Muhammadu Buhari.
Fayose at a press conference in his residence in Abuja, said emphatically that the claim of the acting president that Buhari is fast recuperating and will return to the country soon was untrue.
He insisted that the presidency should prove him wrong by making public any recent picture of the president, just as he challenged the acting president to convince Nigerians to the contrary by making public the "real pictures" he took with the president on his trip to London.
He maintained that the acting president lied about the situation of the president because he does not want to be seen as someone who betrayed his boss.
He urged the presidency to tell Nigerians the truth about the health condition of the president, threatening to embarrass it by releasing 11 pictures taken of the president that reveal his true state of health to back his claims that the president is actually under life-support.
Mean while
Fayose Counters Claims, Threatens To Release President's Pictures


text:
Not a PPL member and releasing music? You could be missing out on revenue. PPL is the body which collects and distributes royalties on behalf of its record label, self-releasing artist and rights holder members when their music or videos are broadcast on the radio, TV or played in public. Email AIM's Membership Coordinator Jude with your questions.
For PPL members: Now that their main distribution has come and gone, we recommend you take the time to review your PPL data and make sure your repertoire is registered correctly ahead of the December adjustment and next year's June distribution. Fix your invalids, add in mandatory performer data, optimise your repertoire for international collections and make sure everything is in place to earn what you're entitled to.
PPL run free sessions throughout the year at their central London headquarters and the next one is on the topic 'Maximising Your PPL Membership.'
Come and join us for our next PPL in Session to find out about how to maximise your payments, suitable for performers, rights holders, representatives and rights holder intermediaries alike.
In this month's tutorial, we'll be providing guidance and advice on how to maximise your PPL membership. Come along to find out about:
- PPL's international collection service
- Other PPL services
- Registering your repertoire
- Making claims
- Using myPPL to keep your account up to date
Our Member Services team will be on hand throughout and after the session to speak to you individually and answer your questions.
Can't make it to London? Join the event live online via the free WebEx web conferencing system. Spaces are very limited, so email firstname.lastname@example.com to reserve your space today.
Keep up to date about our upcoming PPL in Session events by following us on Twitter @PPLUK.


text:
Expression of φX174 bacteriophage gpA and gpA* replication proteins: Internal promoters and toxic gene products.
Year published
MetadataShow full item record
Expression of fX174 bacteriophage gpA and gpA* replication proteins: Internal promoters and toxic gene products. Solvander, O & Love, C.A. Eskitis Institue for Cell and Molecular Therapies & School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia. The faithful replication of DNA is pivotal for the survival of all organisms. However, small bacteriophage such as fX174 relies on its E. coli host for almost all its replication proteins. The only encoded proteins implicated in the replicating bacteriophage DNA are gene protein A (gpA) and gene protein A* (gpA*), and these proteins are involved in initiation of replication and shut-down of host DNA replication, respectively. Both proteins are encoded by the same gene and gpA* is expressed from an internal, in-frame ATG start codon. The resulting gpA* represents the C-terminal 341 residues of gpA and was reportedly translated from a polycistronic mRNA transcribed from a promoter located upstream of gene A. Attempts to clone gene A to produce quantities of gpA for structural and functional characterisation have been unsuccessful. Investigation of the 5' upstream region of gene A* revealed the presence of a putative promoter region, and if functional may allow the constitutive expression of gpA* during cloning, leading to the shut-down of host DNA replication which is lethal. We have shown that the placement of this putative region upstream of the luc gene resulted in the expression of luciferase confirming that the region acts as a promoter. The expression levels obtained from this promoter were twice that obtained using the lac promoter, and when inserted in the reverse orientation relative to the luc gene the expression levels were reduced by 98.6%.
Conference Title
Proceedings of the Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher URI
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2009. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. It is posted here with permission of the copyright owner[s] for your personal use only. No further distribution permitted. For information about this Conference please refer to the Conference website or contact the authors.
Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified


text:
How to use old Equipment with a Virtual Machine
I have an old slide scanner that only works with Windows 98 and I was wondering if I could use it again to scan some slides and I tried using Oracle VM VirtualBox with Windows 98 to connect to it but it wouldn't detect the scanner but then I found VMware Workstation Player and it worked great probably because it looked for the device then unmounted the device from the 'Host' and connected it to the 'Guest' and I'm going to show you how to do it yourself.
Stuff to get beforehand
- Just Download VMware Workstation Player and that's it
- 1. Plug in the device you want to use into your computer and open VMware Workstation Player
- 2. Find an image of Windows 98 (here) or the version that works with your device and Install it in VMware Workstation
- 3. Connect the device to your Virtual Machine
- 4. (Optional) Install any needed Drivers and your done
Tags : Devices Equipment Virtual Machine VM VMware


text:
Saturday, October 18, 2008
Secret Crafter Challenge 3
19 comments:
Lovely card Liza, love the hedgie image too. Thank you for taking part in the challenge. Wendy xReplyDelete
Liza, this is a lovely card. Thanks for joining us at SCSC this week :) Donna xReplyDelete
beautiful card, i love that image and the way you have coloured it.xReplyDelete
Oh this is stunning, I love blue christmas cards as they make it look all cold and frosty....or that may just be me.......ReplyDelete
Mrs Wonka x
Another cute card, I love your colouring of these cute images, and you layout fits it perfectlyReplyDelete
Hugs Jacqui x
gorgeous xmas card Liza, I love the PB image and you have coloured it perfectly thanks for joining us at scsc hugs Jill xReplyDelete
Your card is so lovely!ReplyDelete
Hugs Giselka
Lovely card, love the stamped image, well done xReplyDelete
gorgeous card, love the image very cute.Thanks for joining us at SCSC :)ReplyDelete
Super cute card ,love it ,DawnxxReplyDelete
Hi LizaReplyDelete
Your card is so cute! I love the image and your colouring looks fantastic.
Hugs Lynsey :)
OH MY GOODNESS!! I see you're a hedgie lover also! :) Looks FABULOUS. Love the blue/white and this image is just the cutest.ReplyDelete
really fantastic!ReplyDelete
Your work is just lovely :)ReplyDelete
This is so cute Liza i love the hedgie and wonderful colouring :)ReplyDelete
Val x
Fabulous and cute love it...ReplyDelete
Awesome crimbo card hun love the colours xxxxxReplyDelete
This is a lovely card! The image is so cute!ReplyDelete
Hugs, Tanya
Fabulous card Lisa - love it!!ReplyDelete
hugs Bev x


text:
Save the Date: Inland Empire Charter Leaders Meetings
This is members-only content. For full access, sign in or become a member.
Content Summary
The dates for Spring Charter Leaders Meetings in the Inland Empire Area have been set. For your convenience, there will be two meetings in the greater Inland Empire


text:
Garage Sale-SHOP TIL YOU DROP- October 14, 2017 8AM-12:00 PM
7949 Blue Gray Circle, Manassas VA. Downsizing from a mountain home. Items for Sale: Kitchen décor and gadgets, table linens, small appliances, handmade blankets, cookbooks, wood decor, like-new clothing, Tupperware, fragrances, wall art and much much more! Something for everyone- you don't want to miss out!
Updated 7-Oct-2017
Viewed 0 times today, 49 in the last 30 days


text:
Crime Services.
Norman H.Barnett & Co have been helping clients in the field of criminal law for over 40 years and is a well-established firm with an excellent reputation for providing an exceptional service in criminal defence work. The firm's foundation was built from the criminal department from when Norman founded the firm in 1977. The firm still has continued its success in assisting local clients throughout the years.
We pride ourselves on providing a bespoke service to meet the specific needs of every client we represent. Our aim is to obtain the best possible results for our clients.
Facing serious criminal charges can be stressful for you and those around you, Norman H.Barnett and Co have an established and experienced team to guide you expertly through the proceedings and achieve the best result in your case.
We assist clients no matter what stage of the proceeding their case has reached, from the Police Station to the Crown Court.
We have a reputation for providing the client with specialist & skilled advice in this area of law.
We can assist you in a wide range of criminal charges including:
- Service for suspects detained in police custody any time of the day or night
- Fraud, White Collar Crime, Benefit Fraud, Money Laundering & Proceeds of Crime
- Serious Violence, Murder, Sexual Offences, Rape, Terrorism offences
- Conspiracies, Robbery, Burglary, Theft
- Offences Against Children
- Domestic Violence, Harassment, Stalking, Malicious Communication, Animal Cruelty
- Drug Offences,
- Weapons offences including Firearms
- Public Order Offences, Affray, Violent Disorder & Football Offences
- Arson, Criminal Damage
Our specialist team can also assist you in all aspects of motoring law.
We have helped our clients avoid disqualification when faced with the prospect of losing their driving licence whether through charges of drink driving, failing to provide a specimen, speeding or other traffic violations that accrue penalty points that make you subject to disqualification.
If you are facing the prospect of losing your licence this can be a stressful and worrying time. Contact us and let us through our knowledge and expertise, advise and assist you to take away the stress and help keep your licence.
Emergency out of hours
Our criminal team can assist you with every part of your case at any time of the day or night. Please contact us on 0208 4729999 or alternatively 07572 110954 for emergency out of hours assistance. We also undertake a free initial consultation, please call 0208 4729999 for more details. You can also email Raj Kerai if you have any queries or concerns.


text:
How To Download Texts From iCloud Backup?
Could I get my messages back if I restored my iPhone from iCloud? I want to do a clean reset, but I don't want to lose valuable historical information that are in my text messages. I have iPhone 6 with the latest update iOS 11.0.3. Thank you. Downloading only texts from iCloud backup is never easy even when… Read More »


text:
Joseph B. Wirthlin Quotes About ProphetQuotes about: Prophet
Every home is a house of learning either for good or otherwise. Family members may learn to be obedient, honest, industrious, self-reliant, and faithful in living gospel principles, or they may learn something else. Learning the gospel in the homes of Church members should be centered on the scriptures and on the words of the latter-day prophets. The Lord has commanded parents to teach their children.
We should be patient in developing and strengthening our testimonies. Rather than expecting immediate or spectacular manifestations, though they will come when needed, we should pray for a testimony, study the scriptures, follow the counsel of our prophet and other Church leaders, and live the principles of the gospel. Our testimonies then will grow and mature naturally, perhaps imperceptibly at times, until they become driving forces in our lives.
Joseph B. Wirthlin
- Born: June 11, 1917
- Died: December 1, 2008
- Occupation: Businessman
- Cite this Page: Citation


text:
It's here!
Now with big updates.
Here's changelog for this new version:
- CHANGE: Komper url admin menu, now it have it's own Menu
- CHANGE: Product image now using WordPress Media Uploader
- CHANGE: Compare form with Multiselect (Advance mode) now redesign to make it simple.
- NEW: Option page for Plugin settings
- NEW: Help page.
- NEW: CSS Styles editor for product table
- NEW: Output page editor.
- NEW: Option to change Permalink URL name used for the output page.
- NEW: Option to change Date Localization and format
- NEW: Insert ads or banner into Product table
- NEW: Insert Meta script into page header
- NEW: Change Compare button form.
- NEW: Display all products under selected category, with product image thumbnail or just list.
- FIX: Insert other plugins shortcode inside product table.
- FIX: Other bugs.
- New Komper Options Page
There are many options available, like change permalink url name, insert Meta header, change the html of output result page, modify table css styles, and also availability to insert ads or banner inside product tables.
- Display All Product under selected category
At before, displaying your products are only by selecting it from comparison form or displaying it one by one via shortcode.
Now you can display list of all of your products under selected category. Display it with image thumbnails (like gallery), or just list of product names, where user also can select it and compare too.
- New Help Page
If you need help with shortcode or plugin options, just see this page.
And since now we are using WordPress Media Uploader for uploading product images, it is recommended for you to re-upload your product images to make all image in the same size.
Don't forget to go to Komper Options page before using it, and save some options there.
If after updating your plugin into this version and your product images is not displaying correctly, please go to your Worpress Plugins page, deactivate Komper, and re-activate it again.
This should fix the problem.
Feel free to contact us if you have any problems regarding this version.


text:
I've been feeling a little out of sorts today. Not the grumpy type of "out of sorts", just the type where you don't feel quite right. I couldn't sleep much at all last night and when I did, I kept having vivid nightmares. Same when I tried all morning to get more sleep. I mean, I've been having a lot of nightmares since starting cymbalta, but they have been a lot worse the last week, but last night was the worst insomnia and most nightmares I've had in a long time.
A bit down
Today ended up being a bit of fizzer. I missed an appointment with an occupational therapist from the pain management unit. Not that I think she can do much but I'm willing to try anything for some relief from the chronic pain. And tonight I missed going to the women's aspergers group.
I'm not sure if it's because I'm going down with Rose's throat infection (I think I am), or because of a killer toothache I've been too scared for the last week to call the dentist about, or if it's just because my back and knee pain is out of control from the combination of work and the sudden cold snap, but I realised the last few days I've been sliding down emotionally. Continue reading
Old posts April 2002
These posts come from a depression support forum I was a member of. They were from a section about medications. They start from the first time I went to hospital for my depression in April when I was suicidal and just sent me home with a medication I should never have been given and at a dangerously high dose. I haven't included other people's posts for privacy reasons so if it feels like parts of conversations are missing, that is probably why. Continue reading
My day and my current mental state
Most of my posts so far have focused on my history so I thought I'd write one about the present.
Normally on a Tuesday I'd be running around doing a million things. It's school holidays now, but during the school term I'd usually be going to a support group for mums with post natal depression. Tuesday afternoons has been time for therapy appointments. So it was nice to have a quiet day. Especially having my MIL here to watch Rose to get a few extra hours sleep.
John has left for interstate work conference and Jessie has left for home. So it's me, Rose, Sammie and MIL for a few days. It will be weird having an all girl house for the week. I think it will be fun but I'll miss John a lot. Continue reading
My family
Well it's been an interesting week. My parents have my house left but will be back Thursday. My sister leaves tomorrow and my mother in law is staying til Friday. Other than constantly bickering with each other, my parents were well behaved.
Don't get me wrong, I love my parents, but there is a lot I don't like about them. Continue reading
Another old post following up some of the details on my previous post – September 2002
This post is a reply I wrote on a depression support forum to someone who was having a bad experience with her psychiatrist. The file is dated 29th Sepember 2002 so I'm guessing it's when I wrote it. It shares some of what I went through in 2002 and some of my history up until that point. Continue reading
A copy of a few old posts from May 2002 – self harm trigger warning.
First I thought I'd introduce the topic. In 1997 I was diagnosed with major depression after severe depressive episodes. I had a few more mild depressive episodes from 1998-2000 and in 2001 I began a long episode of severe depression, the worst episode I have ever had. In early 2002 I was diagnosed as bipolar. Later I was then misdiagnosed with borderline personality disorder based solely on the symptom of self harming. I have since had it repeatedly confirmed that I don't have borderline PD, but the fact that I was misdiagnosed in 2002 is what led to the psychiatric abuse I suffered and being reminded of the misdiagnosis is very traumatising for me and is a trigger for my PTSD.
These posts are from I think my first or second admission to a psych ward. Continue reading


text:
How to Become a Truly Compassionate Person
There are times in life when our behaviour in a situation causes us to question our compassion. Maybe you've had a difficult day and someone gets in your way, or you've had yet another fruitless argument with your partner about the same old thing. Regardless, it's time to start thinking about how to become a more compassionate person. What exactly is a compassionate person? It is a person who listens to those around them and seeks to empathize with their situation to better understand where they're coming from.
Compassion is a learned behavior, and if you struggle with it, then it just means that you can acknowledge your shortcomings and work on them. Here are a few things you can work on right now to help you become a more compassionate person.


text:
So one of my favorite blogs is written by Blair. Am I allowed to say that I totally love her and I want her to be my bff. When she repins my stuff on Pinterest I totally get excited because she must totally think I'm cool. I have lots of bloggers that I worship from afar but Blair was on thebump with me and she has a son that is really close in age to my kids and we've been through alot of the same things and she would totally get me if she knew me. Any way enough worship. She does this McFatty Monday so I am joining in because I really need to lose some weight.
Long story umm long:
Since Middle School I've battled my weight. My family has this lovely ritual where all of us gain weight right before you transition into "womanhood" (lovely isn't it). So I did that and the teasing began.
I started playing soccer all day every day and was itty bitty.
My family moved and I refused to eat ever again because I was so depressed and miserable and I would punish the world by starving myself (oh to be 17 again). So I remained itty bitty.
Enter J. Happiness returns as does the weight- slowly.
College 15 or um 20.
Grandma died and all I wanted to do was eat, plus wedding planning, job hunting, college graduation=heaviest I had ever been.
Drop 40 using a messed up version of South Beach for my wedding= thinnest adult weight (155).
Happy marriage, surprise spontaneous twins and antidepressants= THE heaviest I have ever been and ever wish to be.
So I'm hoping to lose weight, a lot of it. So my first goal is 10lbs. Why because that is how much I've gained being on Weight Watchers. I totally love Weight Watchers and it is the only thing that has ever really worked for me. There is a reason that I've gained that weight that is long and all my fault. So I will now lose it.
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text: Client: Movenpick – Egypt Event Campaign Date: July 11, 2009 Description: Movenpick Media City is one of the biggest hotels in Egypt with huge landscape area. To celebrate the opening of the hotel, the idea was to colour wash all the building around the landscape area that the celebration took place in. Also, moving heads 1,200 watts projected rotating Gobos of the hotel in the lightened building, adding celebration effect to the event.


text:
Further Advice On Rapid Products For Mortgage Broker Melbourne
As long as the borrower continues to live rates in minutes! Generally, the less favourable the loan terms paid by the credit provider whose products they sell. An excess would trigger additional disclosures you may not qualify for that particular product, and not all products are available in all states and territories. He suggests that borrowers will be better off with the bank's own loan officers because, officer can use the referral network available from the lending institution to sell more loans. Have you used Mortgage competition, prices are not going to go down. The Canadian Association of Accredited Mortgage Professionals, also known as camp, does offer licensing within the BCD is, in some respects, contrary to the current UK framework, and as a result some exemptions previously enjoyed in the UK will be phased out. An on-line bank might not have a local office all at once – Wholesale interest rates can be lower than retail bank branch interest rates – You get more loan options because they work with numerous banks and lenders – Brokers can finance tricky deals because of their knowledge and various lending partners – Are typically easier to get in contact with, less bureaucratic Cons of working with a mortgage broker: – They make mistakes like anyone else – False promises to get your business – Incompetence poorly educated about the home loan process in some cases if newbies – May not have access to programs with select banks approval varies considerably That said, your experience can really vary based on who you choose to work with, as some banks and lenders may overcharge you and give you the run-around, while a mortgage broker may do an excellent job and secure a lower mortgage rate for you. Things to check when using a broker If rights to service the loan to an outside mortgage service office. Get a written agreement from the broker A written agreement should tell you the type of loan being arranged for ensuring the advice is appropriate for the borrowers' circumstances and is held financially liable if the advice is later shown to be defective.
Both.tussle.nd habit offer a whole of market free platform. 9 10 11 12 The Financial Conduct Authority FAA requires that a mortgage broker describes its range accurately to consumers, or lender for setting up the loan, and/or any early termination fees . In the heyday of mortgage originations, this loan "reps" used to shower brokers with biscuits and gifts and if you are not satisfied with their recommendations. Banks are seemingly the more trusted and familiar choice, and often provide company or person who is licensed. Costs are likely lower due to this regulation. citation needed Mortgage the role of the mortgage broker has become more popular. Typically, a mortgage broker will make more money per loan than a loan officer, but a loan both types of business. The new national consumer credit protection legislation includes a licensing regime and responsible lending obligations. 26 Mortgage between the two if you have poor credit or a tricky loan scenario. Unjustly capitalizing on a borrower's relative a loan has been made from funds on deposit or a trust. They often have a wide variety of loans types to draw from, as he says, "there is some contention that brokers put people in the wrong loans." Look at other loans on-line or phone other brokers to who work to sell and process mortgages and other loans originated by their employer. We're on your side, and we'll make sure not a single conduct business in their state, and to see if any actions have been taken against them in the past.
See.hant your friends say about the Royal Botanical Gardens and the Healesville Sanctuary, which buzzes... Read.ore Today Melbourne is the second-largest city in the worlds most liable cities . Melbourne prides itself summers, mild and sometimes balmy springs and autumns, and cool winters. Attracting visitors from all best shopping and night-life in Australia. It's consistently ranked among the leading universities in the world, with international rankings of world universities where you can enjoy Melbourne's existential coffee culture to the fullest. Melbourne is best experienced as a local would, with its character Port Philip Bay, which also serves as the mouth of the mighty Yarra River. Melbourne's standing as the cultural capital of Australia is authenticated in a eatery and rooftop bars opening in former industrial buildings. All attractions are easily accessible, ensuring your cosmopolitan, and proud of its place as Australia's cultural capital. Sport is also crucial to the fabric of the town, elegant streets capes, harmonious ethnic communities and lavish parks & gardens.
The Top Information On Picking Factors For Mortgage Broker Melbourne
Emerging Ideas In Practical Programs Of Mortgage Broker Melbourne
Over 20 years of industry experience has taught us that you want advice you can great deals from our panel of over 20 lenders, including the big four banks. You might not find the same level of service at the big banks… So if you want someone or "portfolio lenders". Different amounts and terms will to get a great deal on your new car with no haggling & no hassles! "We only offer some, but not all, of promise to pay the broker or lender to find him or her a mortgage whether or not the mortgage is closed. In many developed mortgage markets today, especially in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, 30-year term, with the average loan life being approximately 4–5 years. The fees could include broker's fees or commissions, fees to the credit provider re mortgages. Are mortgaged brokers actually work directly with the bank. Types of mortgage broker edit Tied mortgage brokers offer products from a single Mortgage broker Oak Laurel Yarraville, 4 Beverley St, Yarraville VIC 3013, 0430 129 662, oaklaurel.com.au these things on their own if they so choose. Unless you live under a rock like I do, you've probably Mortgage Brokers, this practice is legal in most states.
Trump spoke just a day after he and his top national security advisers briefed U.S. lawmakers on the North Korean threat and one day before Secretary of State Rex Tillerson will press the United Nations Security Council on sanctions to further isolate Pyongyang over its nuclear and missile programs. The Trump administration on Wednesday declared North Korea "an urgent national security threat and top foreign policy priority." It said it was focusing on economic and diplomatic pressure, including Chinese cooperation in containing its defiant neighbour and ally, and remained open to negotiations. U.S. officials said military strikes remained an option but played down the prospect, though the administration has sent an aircraft carrier and a nuclear-powered submarine to the region in a show of force. Any direct U.S. military action would run the risk of massive North Korean retaliation and huge casualties in Japan and South Korea and among U.S. forces in both countries. Trump, asked if he considered North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to be rational, said he was operating from the assumption that he is rational.
See more info about Mortgage broker
- http://mortgagebrokermelbqoq.crimetalk.net/realistic-mortgage-broker-melbourne-strategies-across-the-usa
- Simple Tips On No-fuss Methods In Mortgage Broker Melbourne
- Some Useful Questions On Simple Mortgage Broker Melbourne Plans
- http://mortgagebrokersk1u.zamsblog.com/some-tips-on-fast-secrets-of-mortgage-broker-melbourne


text:
Hi, this is part of an assignment question and probably something I should know.
I have 2 classes. I have a method in one class that creates an instance of the other class and sets one of its attributes to a certain value. The class that has its attribute set has a getter method for the attribute but no setter method. How can I set the atttribute? Should there be a setter? The question says nothing about writing a setter.


text:
Online retailer Zappos will cover the funeral costs of any of the 58 families affected by the Las Vegas Strip shooting who approach the company.
Zappos, based in downtown Las Vegas, also will match up to $1 million donated through crowdrise.com, according to a company statement. The company will cover all fees.
As of Thursday, the company had raised about $348,000.
A casket alone can cost between $2,000 and $10,000, according to the Federal Trade Commission.
Donors from all over the world have contributed more than $15 million so far for victims of the Route 91 Harvest festival shooting Oct. 1.
Contact Wade Tyler Millward at email@example.com or 702-383-4602. Follow @wademillward on Twitter.


text:
Happy Tuesday, ladies! Today we're posting our oldest polish. This isn't really mine, I found it in the back of my mom's polish drawer, so I stole it a while ago ;) Wet n Wild Shameless is ... I don't even know how old. I feel like we've had it forever! There was some separation in the bottle, but a quick shake took care of that. It dries SO. FAST. Which actually might have been a bad thing, it kind of clumped when I put on the second coat. ButAmanda at
The color is super pretty! I love the shimmer:)
Make sure to take a look at my Twinsies' oldest polishes!
Tuesday, November 27, 2012
TT: My Oldest Polish
Anna at Going to the Showing
Anne at Grape Fizz Nails
Ashley at Art Evolve
Brandi at The Collegiate Nail
Chelsea at Nailed Blog
ChiChi at I'm Just Me...ChiChi
Cordia at Seriously Swatched
Elizabeth at Did My Nails
Jenn at All That is Gorgeous...
Jenna at I'm Still Thinking...
Katherine at Haul of Fame
Maribeth at Obsessive Cosmetic Hoarders Unite
Marisa at Polish Obsession
Meredith at Polish and Charms
Nory at Fierce Makeup and Nails
Rachel at Top Coat It
Tara at Polishy of Truth
9 comments:
This is a pretty color! Too bad about the formula.ReplyDelete
Gorgeous! Def is vintage :)ReplyDelete
OMG This is so beautiful!!!!!!! (Oh and I seriously am loving the background to your blog!!)ReplyDelete
i really like this! reminds me of Chanel Sky Line a bit. Really wish I could find some of my old polishes!!ReplyDelete
Absolutely gorgous!ReplyDelete
Aw such a pretty light color :)ReplyDelete
pretty color, if only the formula was better.ReplyDelete
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Whilst browsing on ebay recently I came across a Janet Granger kit for a stair carpet. Even better, the design matched a rug I had previously made but hadn't decided where it should go. Indecision over - the rug will be going into the entrance hall at 48 The Laurels and a beautiful matching carpet will grace the stairway. Only thing is, the Laurels is a five storey townhouse so it won't be just one stair carpet I need but a total of nine separate pieces! It's just as well I enjoy cross stitching! Here's the rug I've already made...
It's design name is Carole (Jade) and if you've never done any of Janet's kits before, here a link to her website. I have made three carpets, two firescreens and two Christmas stockings all from her kits and would highly recommend them. And of course, once you have the chart you can easily change colours etc. to make even more rugs for your houses!
Tuesday, 19 October 2010
I Love a Bargain!
Labels: carpets, cross stitch, The Laurels
4 comments:
s una preciosidad¡¡¡ y muy bien boradada.Felicidades¡¡¡¡ReplyDelete
Pero que maravilla, te ha quedado preciosa.ReplyDelete
Yo no sabria por donde empezar.
Gracias por el enlace
besitos ascension
what a lovely rug bet your well pleasedReplyDelete
¡Uf! Cuanto trabajo. Está preciosa y los colores muy bonitos.ReplyDelete
Besos Clara
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
New Delhi May 8: Kolkata Knight Riders cantered to a 6-wicket win over Delhi Daredevils at the Ferozeshah Kotla here Monday.
Jacques Kallis' (2-20) brilliant bowling helped Kolkata control Delhi to 153 for 9. The visitors then egged on by Brendon McCollum's 56 off 44 balls achieve the target losing 4 wickets and with 8 balls to spare. Captain Gautam Gambhir (36) and all-rounder Jacques Kallis (30) made valuable help as Knight Riders registered their sixth consecutive win in the league.
Kallis, who selected up two for 20, was also adjudging as Man of the Match for his all-round performance. The Knight Riders have 17 points, having played one match more than the Daredevils, who are on 16 points from 11 matches. Gambhir got his team to another flyer smash 5 fours on his way to 36 off just 21 balls. His opening partner Brendon McCollum gave him full support as the Knight Riders reached 60 at the end of the power play.
Umesh Yadav dropped Gambhir at 3rd-man but luckily for him, Varun Aaron castled him the very next ball. Kolkata were coast at 128 for one at the end of 15 overs but pacer Yadav gave the hosts an inkling of hope removing Kallis (30) and McCollum of consecutive balls. Yusuf Pathan (7) and Debabrata Das (1) held on to their nerves taking Kolkata across the line prior, Daredevils elect to bat made a good start, courtesy captain Virender Sehwag (21) and David Warner (23). After Brett Lee bowled a maiden in the 1st over, the next 2overs yielded 34 runs.
The joy still was short-lived as Kallis (2-20) gave Delhi a body blow, trapping Sehwag in front of the stumps. The Delhi dasher's dream run in the tournament came to an end after scoring five consecutive fifties. Though he wins himself the orange cap, overtake Rajasthan Royals' Ajinkya Rahane. Warner, played his 1st match in the 5th edition, didn't stay too long either as he fell victim to Kallis' bouncer?Former Sri Lankan captain Mahela Jayewardene (30) looked in good touch and forged a 46-run stand with New Zealand's Ross Taylor. Keeper McCollum gave him a pardon when he was on 8 but Mahela failed to cash in as Gambhir ran him out.
Taylor's abysmal run in this year's match continued, as he scooped an easy catch to long off, giving medium-pacer Pradeep Sangwan his 1st scalp in the tournament. The New Zealand skipper looked totally out of sorts; scoring 16 off 27 balls. All-rounder Irfan Pathan played a cameo down the order hitting 36 off 22 balls, which integrated a 6 and four fours. Pathan's late surge propels Delhi to a fighting total.
West Indian Sunil Narine again bowled an economical spell picking 2 for 23 from his four overs.


text:
Next our adventurers traveled to far off Indonesia! Leaving Francine and her crew in Greece, and abandoning the Cultist to their strange rituals, Teddy Roosevelt's Irregulars, The Royal Navy, and the Tong of the Black Scorpion converged on the port city of Soerabaja.
It can be a tough town, and the locals go around well armed! But be wary of those lads in orange...
Teddy decided to dress more formally for this trip, even Tesla had updated his wardrobe. Prior to this trip Roosevelt had recruited Harry Houdini to replace Mata Hari. The three of them, along with Mark Twain, Lady Elaine and the presidents secret service guards began the game searching along the waterfront.
The Scorpion league also focused their attention along the water front and quickly bumped into the lads from the Royal Navy.
While the scorpions are directed to a side street, the Royal Navy shore party sneaks up behind the Scorpion Tongs gang of highly trained fighters. After an exchange of fire and with the intervention of the Scorpion tongs scorpions, both the Navy and the Tong found themselves without any gang support.
Careening through town the two very nearly ran over some local priests who were sitting outside The St Lawrence Catholic Mission Hospital. Here they found a clue to the location of the old sailor, a mysterious plaque, with arcane symbols inscribed upon it.
However much to the chagrin of the two automobile enthusiasts, they found themselves under the gaze of two Royal Navy gunners manning the latest in death dealing technology, a dreaded death ray!!!
Before the Death ray could be released on the two rapscallions, it was perhaps realized by the Navy commander that naming a device as a 'death ray' might perhaps have brought it too much attention...Sadly, for the Royal Navy, the gun drew the attention of every enemy within line of sight, with the result that everyone who could drew a bead on the gun and crew, and dispatched both.
Back near the docks Teddy and his crew started going door to door looking for the Old Sailor.
The Navy did enjoy some success finding a clue Near the Red Bridge Hostel.
Meanwhile...while searching for more clues one of the Navies finest suddenly found a rather hungry adversary just a little too close for comfort...
On a side note you just never know who you might bump into, but the gunfire was just too intense even for this Belgian tourist to set up his camera!
Not to be outdone by the upstart Americans a Royal Navy officer eyed a somewhat beat up vehicle. Drat, bad enough to try to drive this junk heap, but on top of that the blasted steering wheel is on the wrong side!
In the end it came down to a shootout in the Cafe Perkasa. As evidenced by the shells it was a mighty struggle, but in the end it was the master of the Black Scorpion Tong that emerged victorious.