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Hien VuThiThu1, Andrea Wakita2, Saiko Shikanai2, Tamami Iwamoto2, Noriko Wakikawa2 and Shigeru Yamamoto2*
1National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam
2Asian Nutrition and Food Culture Research Center, Jumonji University, Saitama, Japan
Received date: January 03, 2013; Accepted date: January 24, 2013; Published date: January 26, 2013
Citation: VuThiThu H, Wakita A, Shikanai S, Iwamoto T, Wakikawa N, et al. (2013) Epidemiological Studies of Monosodium Glutamate and Health. J Nutr Food Sci S10:009. doi: 10.4172/2155-9600.S10-009
Copyright: © 2013 VuThiThu H, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Visit for more related articles at Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Epidemiology studies regarding to monosodium glutamate and health are limited, since three studies surveyed by questionnaires the relation between monosodium glutamate and Chinese restaurant syndrome; five studies analyzed the association of monosodium glutamate and overweight or obesity; one study related the monosodium glutamate and hypertension; one study investigated the improvement of hemoglobin in Chinese; and another study the association of sleep-disordered breathing. The results of this studies showed that in one of the Chinese restaurant syndrome study conducted by a questionnaire on dietary frequency of monosodium glutamate in Hawaiian men, neurological symptom occurred significantly less often among men who used monosodium glutamate than among non-users. What is more, in another survey conducted in the US found that those people who believed they hadexperienced Chinese restaurant syndrome reported non-specific symptoms. On the other hand, over weight and monosodium glutamate has been also a concern. Results of these studies have been controversial since from five surveys, two found no associations while three found associations. One of the group of investigators to whom it was
reported that monosodium glutamate was not associated with prevalence of weight gain in 2010, the following year published that monosodium glutamate could raise blood pressure in people who took hypertension medication. In 2012 they reported that monosodium glutamate improved the hemoglobin, having an inverse relationship between monosodium glutamate intake and the risk of anemia, and in the last publish, they reported that monosodium glutamate was associated with sleep-disordered breathing.
This review covers these epidemiological studies. However, since then they reported controversial results as well as limit number of surveys conducted, it is difficult to make a conclusion. We need further studies to understand and analyze better the relation between monosodium glutamate and health in free-living subjects.
Epidemiology; Monosodium glutamate; Chinese restaurant syndrome; Obesity; Hypertension
The ancient Romans used garum as a condiment to season their dishes. Garum is similar to the fish sauce used in many Asian countries today, which is rich in umami substances, such as free glutamate.
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) has been used for more than a century in Japan and worldwide. It was in 1908 that Ikeda [1] discovered the umami taste derived from the glutamate found in seaweed called Kombu (Kelp). Dietary free glutamate improves taste and palatability. The glutamate is one of the amino acids more abundant in food protein. The protein bound glutamate become free only after it goes to small intestine, hence the glutamate as bound of protein has no such effects of enhancing the taste of food at this level. Recent evidence suggests that taste and palatability are mediated through specific glutamate receptors located on the taste buds and in the stomach [2,3] and plays physiologic actions beneficial to gut function by stimulating the gastric vagus nerve [4]. Even that it was found receptors and physiologic function of glutamate, most of the population associate the MSG with so called "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome" (CRS). The CRS was first reported in the letter to the editor of the New England Journal of Medicine by Kwok [5] in 1968 describing symptoms experienced after eating Chinese meal at Chinese restaurants. It did not take long for media attention to be attracted to the comments in his letter, even though they had not been proven scientifically. In 1969, Schaumberg et al. [6] reported that all, except one of 56 subjects, who received soup with MSG felt symptoms such as burning sensation on their skin, a feeling of pressure in the face, and pain in the chest. This study was not double-blind or placebocontrolled, hence it is criticized later [7]. What is more, the Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) concluded that controlled double-blind crossover trials have failed to demonstrate the relationship between CRS MSG intakes. Even that US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) did not discount the present of a sensitive subpopulation, they affirmed the safety of MSG at levels normally consumed by the general population, and concluded that there is no evidence regarding to MSG food use and serious, long term medical problems [8]. In 2000, Geha et al. [9] conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-challenge evaluation of the reported reactions to MSG. They concluded that large doses of MSG given without food could cause more symptoms than a placebo in individuals who believe that they react adversely to MSG. However, neither persistent nor serious effects from MSG ingestion were observed, and the responses were not consistent on retesting. Despite these reports and conclusions, the effects of MSG on human health have been controversial.
The first epidemiological study investigating the relation between MSG and health was carried out in 1973 in Hawaii in 4,938 ethnically Japanese men aged 45 to 69. Data were drawn from the Honolulu heart program. The dietary frequency of MSG was categorized and coded once or more a day. They did not classify Chinese Restaurant Syndrome (CRS) itself, but reported instead several neurological symptoms, such as blurring, hazy or cloudy vision; numbness and tingling in the right arm; and numbness or paralysis of the face. Results showed that neurological symptoms occurred significantly less among men who used MSG at meals than among non-users [10].
In 1976, Reif-Lehrer et al. [11] surveyed 1,500 subjects with a questionnaire to study the prevalence of CRS. They found that 25% reported some adverse reactions possibly caused by MSG in food. The commonest symptoms were: tightness, burning sensation, and headache. Later in 1977, Kerr et al. [12] conducted a survey by two-part questionnaire to determine the association of unpleasant symptoms with specific foods in 530 subjects drawn from students and employees of Harvard University and its Medical Center. In the first part, questions were asked about unpleasant symptoms associated with various foods, food groups and specific ethnic foods, but did not mention the phrase "Chinese restaurant syndrome". As a result, no one reported CRS, though 6.6% of subjects could be classified as having experienced possible CRS. However, when in the second part of the questionnaire subjects were asked whether they had ever heard of CRS, what its characteristics were and whether they had personally experienced it, 31% of respondents believed that they were personally susceptible to it. Since this two-part questionnaire had been distributed to subjects who could have been health-aware, Kerr et al. [13] conducted another study attempting to define the prevalence of symptoms characteristic of CRS in the general population using the same two-part questionnaire. Data were obtained from the National Consumer Panel of the Market Research Corporation of America. Of 3,222 subjects, only 1-2% reported symptoms characteristic of CRS, and only 0.19% associated CRS with Chinese food consumption. Furthermore, most of the responders who were "aware" of CRS and believed they had experienced it reported non-specific symptoms. The difficulty in drawing an objective conclusion from questionnaires is that these studies are based on "symptoms" which involve a subjective description, as well as we do not know the quantity of MSG used. When we talk about the effects of foods on health, it seems impossible without knowing the quantity ingested.
One of the major world-wide public health issues has been the increasing prevalence of obesity because its consequences raise the predisposition to develop chronic diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and heart disease. Since some early animal experiments have reported that large amount of MSG injection to neonatal rodents could develop brain lesions resulting in obesity [14], whether MSG affect in human health had been raised. Although it was established that MSG ingestion with food does not cause brain lesions and obesity in animal and human [15], epidemiological studies have been carried out.
The first study was published in 2008 by the International Population Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP group) [16], followed by Shi et al. [17], He et al. [18], Insawang et al. [19] and Hien et al. [20]. Table 1 describes the differences among these studies. They were conducted in different regions of Asia, using different methods, especially with regard to the MSG and food records. In the INTERMAP study data collection was conducted in 1997. In total, 752 healthy subjects were asked to come to the local research center four times: two visits on consecutive days and two additional visits on average 3 weeks later. Dietary data were collected at each visit by the in-depth multipass 24 hr recall method. To assess MSG intake, participants were asked to demonstrate the amount shaken out and this was weighed by trained interviewers using a precise scale. MSG from soy sauce was calculated from the labeling, and if participants reported they had eaten commercially processed foods during the survey, the interviewers obtained the product to calculate the amount of MSG. If participants ate restaurant foods, interviewers visited restaurant and chefs were asked to demonstrate the amount of MSG added to dishes [16].
|Effect of MSG on overweight/obesity
(Journal, Year)
|Data collection
(Year of survey)
|Subjects (n)
|Country of survey and geographic area
|MSG intake (g)
(mean ±SD)
|Negative Association
|Hien VT et al
(Public Health Nutr 2012)
|Survey for MSG and obesity study (2008)
(rural and urban areas)
Hanoi, Thua Thien-Hue
province and Ho Chi Minh City
|2.20 ± 1.80 g/day
|Zumin Shi et al
(Br J Nutr, 2010)
|Jiangsu Nutrition Study. Second study published.
(1st data: 2002, 2nd data: 2007)
(urban and rural areas)
Jiangsu (Southern China)
|3.80 ± 4.30 g/day
|Ka He et al
(Obesity, 2008)
|INTERMAP study. First publication about MSG and obesity in human study (1997).
(urban and rural areas)
Northern and Southern China
|0.33 ± 0.40 g/day
|Ka He et al
(Am J Clin Nutr, 2011)
|China Health and Nutrition Survey. (Open cohort ongoing nation- wide survey) (1991-2006)
(urban and rural areas)
|2.20 ± 1.60 g/day
|Insawang T et al (Nutr Metab 2012)
|General adult population (2009 – 2010)
(rural area)
Khon Kaen Province
|4.0 ± 2.2 g/day
Table 1: Summary of epidemiological studies in monosodium glutamate and overweight or obesity INTERMAP: International Population Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure SD: Standard desviation.
A second epidemiological study was carried out in China. This was the Jiangsu Nutrition Study (JNS) and data were analyzed from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study of Chinese Adults. The food intake was calculated from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). To determine the amount of MSG intake, each household was asked about the monthly consumption of MSG and other seasonings. Individual consumption of MSG was calculated according to the total amount of MSG consumed in the household divided by the number of individuals per household, and then adjusted for the proportion of the household energy intake by each individual. These subjects were surveyed in 2002 and followed for 5 years. In 2007, interviewers did not ask the amount of MSG consumed in a month, as 2002; however, authors considered valid the MSG calculated from the FFQ, and the relation of MSG and obesity was not analyzed in 2002 [17].
Another report, the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), was a prospective open-cohort study, conducted from 1991–2006 with 10,095 subjects participating in the study. Although the number of subjects was large, it is not clear whether there were individuals among the participants whose MSG intake was assessed more than once. MSG, soy sauce and all other condiments were weighed before and after the 24 hr recall. MSG intake was estimated based on the proportion of each individual's food consumption [18].
Recently, another study has been published. It was conducted in six villages located in a rural area of Khon Kaen province, Thailand. The survey was carried out between October 2009 and April 2010. In the final analysis, the study screened 349 subjects aged 35-55. Use of MSG during food preparation was one of the inclusion criteria. For this study, participants were provided 250 g of MSG in a plastic box to use as the source of MSG for food preparation for 10 days. The amount used was recorded on day 10, according to the amount remaining in the box. The MSG consumption was calculated by dividing the number of subjects aged over 10 years to estimate grams/person/day. However, MSG intake was not calculated as the ratio of energy or food intake to determine the proportion of MSG intake by subject. Energy intake was calculated from randomized selected 3-days periods using a 24 hr recall diary, which participants had kept as they were trained by the health volunteers [19].
Furthermore, in 2008, we conducted a study to investigate the relation of MSG and obesity in rural and urban areas of Vietnam in three different regions: Hanoi (North), Thua Thien-Hue province (Central) and Ho Chi Minh City (South). The MSG intake was measured by the weighing method in 1,528 subjects aged 20 years and above. The MSG consumed in the household was divided by the number of individuals, adjusted for the proportion of the food intake, and the nutrient intake was calculated from 3 days of 24 h-recall [20].
The INTERMAP [16] and CHNS [18] studies were conducted by primarily the same researchers in different Chinese subjects within a 4 year period and concluded that MSG consumption was positively associated with overweight development. However, the problem with the group was the overly large differences in the mean MSG intakes. The INTERMAP study showed only 0.33 g/day (SD 0.40) [16] but the CHNS study showed 2.2 g/day (SD 1.6) [18]. The mean intake of the INTERMAP was close to the lowest group in the CHNS study. This makes it difficult to assess the accuracy, and hence the reliability of these studies.
The study from Thailand found that the average intake of MSG was 4.0 g (SD 2.2 g) [19]. They concluded that MSG was associated with an increase in prevalence of overweight (over 25 kg/m2).
In our study [20], the average intake was similar to the second study by He et al. (2.20 ± 1.80 g/day) [18]. However, we did not find an effect of MSG on overweight. Indeed, we found that overweight was associated with increasing age, less physical activity, and increase in the intake of energy, carbohydrate, saturated fat, and animal protein. Furthermore, in our study MSG used as seasoning was measured by the weighing method for every meal during 3 consecutive days, which may be a more reliable method than that used by He et al. [16], since they assessed the amount of MSG seasoning intake by 24 h recall and asked users to demonstrate the amount of MSG seasoning added during food preparation, or, for men and for those subjects who had meals outside the home, by asking the persons who prepared the food to demonstrate the amount of MSG seasoning added. In the Jiangsu Nutrition Study (JNS), the average consumption was higher than in both He studies [16,18] and close to Insawang et al. [19] as much as 3.8 (SD 4.3) g/day and results showed no association between MSG and obesity. The conclusions of Shi et al. [17] and Hien et al. [20] were similar to a previous Hawaiian study [10] which suggests that MSG has no effect on the body weight.
Hypertension has been also another common concern in public health around the world. In order to prevent heart disease, WHO has recommended a maximum consumption of 5 g of NaCl per day. If we compare MSG with NaCl, MSG has only 12% sodium, while NaCl contains 40% sodium. However, only one epidemiological study has been conducted, investigating the association of MSG with hypertension [21]. Data were analyzed from the Jiangsu Nutrition Study mentioned above. For this analysis, the MSG calculated and analyzed came mainly from seasonings. When blood pressure was evaluated at baseline and again at follow-up, there was no association between MSG intake and incidence of hypertension. However, at follow-up, association between MSG intake and blood pressure appeared. This is puzzling because the Chinese have been using MSG for almost a century, hence, if MSG intake has a blood pressure increasing effect, it must be accumulative and result in association between MSG intake and blood pressure and incidence of hypertension, not only at follow-up but also at the baseline. When data were adjusted for a number of covariates, it was found that there were significant interactions for MSG intake and blood pressure among participants who took hypertension medication. These results are inconsistent with previous short-term placebo-control studies in humans, which did not find effect of MSG on blood pressure [7,22,23].
Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional problem worldwide. An estimated 2.15 billion people are anemic because of iron deficiency. Most affected are children and women in the developing world. The most commonly used screening methods for the presence of iron deficiency in a population are the measurement of hemoglobin or hematocrit concentration for the presence of anemia [24]. Mulhilal et al. [25] found a significant increase in hemoglobin level in children when MSG was fortified with vitamin A in a population trial. A recent epidemiological study reported the relation between MSG and hemoglobin from the Jiangsu Nutrition (JIN) Cohort Study. The method used is described briefly above. In this study [26], it was found that MSG had a positive association with change in hemoglobin levels in men, but not in women. Among participants who were anemic at baseline, there was a significant inverse relationship between MSG intake and the risk of anemia at follow-up, independent of dietary pattern and other lifestyle factors. The increase in hemoglobin was generally seen only in those who were anemic at baseline, suggesting that anemic participants either improved overall nutrition or took other measures to control anemia. Since only one study reported a relation between MSG and hemoglobin, it is necessary to carry out further studies before drawing the conclusion that MSG improves the hemoglobin level.
Sleep-Disordered breathing (SDB) a disorder characterized by abnormalities of respiratory pattern (pauses in breathing) or the quantity of ventilation during sleep, is becoming another public health concern, since could increase the mortality and morbidity such as by cardiovascular or pulmonary disease. SDB also include the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Several risk factors are known for SDB and OSA, such as age and body weight [27]. Recently, the SDB was also associated with the consumption of MSG in the Jiangsu Nutrition (JIN) Cohort Study amount Chinese adults in normal weight [28,29]. Furthermore, MSG was associated with snoring in normal weight. They suggested that a part of the cranial morphology among races, such as Asian having more upper airway and retrognathia than white, they found that MSG could increase the gastrointestinal motility that could explain the increase gastro esophageal reflux. This reflux was associated with OSA.
Even though the Join FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives JECFA, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) have concluded that MSG is safe for the general population, the alleged health impact of MSG has been an issue of concern because studies in neonate rodents have found that injecting massive amounts of MSG presented adverse effects [27]. In humans, undesirable symptoms have also been reported as mentioned above; however, before drawing conclusions, it is necessary to consider the methods used, the period of the intervention, and the reproducibility of the study, issues that we are not going to discuss in this review. On the other hand, epidemiological studies present some limitations such as the impossibility of conducting a study during the course of a whole year to avoid seasonal variations and the fact that some portion of the findings could likely be due to chance because we are dealing with many variables in the statistical models.
It is interesting to note that the epidemiological studies presented in this review did not coincide in their results, even though three of them were conducted in China, a country with a high level of MSG in its cuisine. Furthermore, none of the authors reported cases of CRS or mentioned it as exclusion criterion, even though in the second study by He et al. [16] the number of participants was 10,095. Hence, it is necessary to conduct further studies in different ethnic and cultural groups to understand the relation between MSG and health.


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Classic tracks produce classic races. And at Monza, it can't get any more classic than a Ferrari taking pole position and then winning the race. Even better, on a circuit where passing is possible, there was so much wheel to wheel action it was one of the best races of the season, and there's still five more to go!
Button was my driver of the weekend. He opted for a contrary high down force set up on his car but made it work. He qualified second splitting the Ferraris with Alonso on pole and Massa third on the grid. Button snatched the lead on the first corner of the race and held that position for more than half the race against Alonso in a faster Ferrari. Button only lost the lead because he pitted before Alonso who put the clear track to good use. The Ferrari was quicker so I'm not sure that Button could have won, even with a better strategy, but it was a great effort.
Redbull was not supposed to do well at Monza which is a pure straight line power circuit, but Vettel and Webber still finished fourth and sixth respectively. Which, by coincidence, was exactly the reverse of how they qualified, so they both had very interesting races. Webber might have beaten Vettel, if Webber had continued to attack Hulkenberg, instead of expecting the stewards to give him a penalty, which they decided wasn't necessary.
Hamiliton tried a little too hard on the first lap and damaged his car. Even with the DNF, he retains second in the championship, but those kinds of errors are what might decide the title in the end. With only five races to go, there are still five drivers who could win the title. That's just astonishing and isn't something I'm used seeing in Formula 1.
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text: I just wanted to let you all know that there is a new Sweet Talk video in the internet now. We recorded it at my favorite studio in Brooklyn, Buckminster Studios back in April. It looks pretty great, thanks to the amazing Grayson Dantzic's steady hand on the camera. Check it out here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xehKt5XDH-8 or on the videos page. Thanks for listening!


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I was browsing The Choice, the New York Times's blog about the college admissions process, and read one student's recent post. Though accepted to every school to which he applied, including Yale, Stanford, Havard, and Princeton, this student was still reluctant about the aforementioned schools. His apprehension was largely shaped by the article, "The Disadvantages of an Elite Education."
Though the article is very long and a bit hard to get through, former Yale professor William Deresiewicz raises many interesting points, particularly about how students at these types of schools have have a huge knowledge base…but do not actually know anything at all. Why is it that I can, and did, write 150 pages about 1960's American drive-in movie theaters, restaurants, and churches, but am still confused by my tax forms, basic home repairs, and the definition of capital gains?


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Cooking with Chris. The author lays out his imaginary career as a spy in another hilarious essay, comparing the "Stories and Recipes From CIA Families All Over the World" and the "Cherokee Club Cookbook." As he says, these texts were literally meant for him to find.
It's an American tradition made manifest in class ascendancy (moving to New York to escape a hick town, getting an education and altering an accent): when we feel incomplete—when we feel uncomfortable in our own skin—we seek newer, richer identities. We examine the people who have what we want; we costume ourselves.
"Spanglish is not simply a piecemeal cobbling-together, a collecting of scraps of random vocabulary into a raggedy orphan of a sentence. It has logic and rules, and more interestingly and importantly, it embodies a constantly shifting and intimate morphology of miscegenation."
An excerpt from The History of Rock 'N' Roll in Ten Songs, this stacked review of artist Christian Marclay's video Guitar Drag and Colson Whitehead's novel John Henry Days explores a history of racial injustice through the legend of John Henry.
"It's exceptionally difficult to talk about Haw—the newest record from Hiss Golden Messenger, the songwriting alias of M. C. Taylor—without talking about death, and Sunday morning seemed like as good a time as any for Taylor and me to get into it. We were seated outside at Durham's Geer Street Garden, and in between forkfuls of grits I was trying to tell him about an interview I'd read with the Sri Lankan monk Bhante Gunaratana, in which Gunaratana suggested that death is constant, omnipresent."
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|Well, if you're gonna dream, dream BIG! (image from here)
It's not like we built that debt on high living. Ever since getting out of grad school with $30K in credit card debt, we've had policies for what we're willing to go into debt for, and there are only 3 categories.
Health and Safety: Whether the car needs new snow tires, or Dan needs brain surgery, some things won't wait. And we tended to interpret that definition broadly; new anchor chain and physical therapy both qualified.
Things that will increase in value: Our educations, and real estate, both fit in this category.
Truly once-in-a-lifetime experiences: In other words, things that couldn't be postponed. We flew to the Virgin Islands for the turn of the millenium, and flew to Aruba to see a total eclipse of the sun, the last of the 20th century. When my mom was dying of cancer, I ran up insane phone bills talking to her every morning that I couldn't be there in person, as well as lots of frequent flyer miles between Denver and New York. Weddings? Grandchildren or godchildren being born? Like the Mastercard commercial says, some memories are priceless.
Still, somehow, those not-paid-off balances have trickled up in the last year. Combination of an unexpected huge expense to replace the whole-house air conditioning system in our rental house (In Phoenix, Arizona. At the beginning of summer.), and the extensive boat work we did in Oriental, NC, put us into the red. Yesterday, April 15, when the rest of the US was lamenting income tax day, we saw our refund arrive electronically in our checking account. Today, it went out again, along with a small debt-consolidation loan. Looks like we're going to keep a low profile for a while until we're back in balance. Um, unless some other once-in-a-lifetime opportunity comes up? That seems to happen often with the spontaneity of our life afloat!


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This treatment suitable for Impotence, sexual dysfunction, penis short, long-term tonic invalid, low libido, nocturnal emission, ejaculation weakness, no sex pleasure and so on.
1, Specific Test, Clear the Cause:Six therapies are a scientific testing based on advanced equipment as the support to comprehensive treatment as the main of the advanced treatment. For Erectile Dysfunction complex causes, use Doppler penile artery blood flow analyzer, male sexual function dynamic diagnostic instrument, NPT penile erectile function detector, sex hormone detection system, urodynamic analyzer and other cutting-edge equipment, and so on which more than ten ED-related projects for special testing, accurate identification of the cause, comprehensive and accurate treatment.
2, Ionization and Collaterals, Acupoint Treatment:Use advanced sexual dysfunction comprehensive rehabilitation apparatus for electrical pulse, vacuum suction, pneumatic massage and many other physical therapy, regulating cerebral cortex function, excitement of spinal cord central activity, and through special equipment Shi Zhi in the penis and the relevant points, the expansion of penile arteriovenous blood vessels, activation of cavernous power, thicken corpus cavernosum volume.
3, Vacuum Press, Magnetic Resonance Consolidation:By vacuum press, suction training, excitement of spinal cord function center to help penile erection, and enhance penile blood filling the corpus cavernosum and reduce blood flow, improve penile hardness and maintain erection time, increase penis Muscular activity improves penile erectile function. Using the magnetic resonance system to produce bio-magnetic effects and high-energy electromagnetic field to improve the penile erectile function, while the use of simulated vaginal temperature, the liquid massage and electric pulse and other functions, the effective regulation of penile passive erectile function.
4, The Combination of Chinese and Western Medical, Dialectical Treatment:Use selected drugs for regulatory nerve, gonadal axis and penile artery vascular epithelial cell function, increased blood flow, activation of cavernous power to improve erection hardness, return to normal ejaculation threshold. On the endocrine problems, reproductive system inflammation, vascular insufficiency caused by sexual dysfunction for treatment, classification diagnosis and treatment. Combination of Chinese and Western, scientific group side, conditioning qi and blood, dredge meridians, eliminate inflammation, improve immunity, and promote disease rehabilitation.
5, Psychological Factors, Psychotherapy:Psychological experts and patients with deep psychological communication, clear the patient's subconscious obstacles in the root, to take the appropriate targeted psychological treatment, eliminate psychological disorders effective, enhance patient confidence.
6, Rehabilitation Check to Prevent Recurrence:Rehabilitation examination is with the consent of patients, comprehend understands the patient's sexual life, to solve the various psychological problems encountered in time, to consolidate the treatment effect, which is The key step to ensure that patients recover.
Six-in-one treatment of male sexual dysfunction treatment, accurate classification, the combination of Chinese and Western medical, symptomatic treatment, really to help male to get rid of sexual dysfunction and enjoy the sexual life.
This treatment suitable for Impotence, sexual dysfunction, penis short, long-term tonic invalid, low libido, nocturnal emission, ejaculation weakness, no sex pleasure and so on.


text:
Tuesday, 7 May 2013
Carboot buys
17 comments:
Such good finds! I haven't gone to a car boots sale in so long, I must visit one soon! The Nars thing is a multi purpose stick for eyes, lips and cheeks and usually costs £30 so you got such a good deal! xoxReplyDelete
MUA UNDRESS ME TOO PALETTE GIVEAWAY: http://miss-tilda.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/a-rather-large-mua-haul-mua-undress-me.html?showComment=1367681844502#c6732276478286644122
Love those burgundy shorts! There's only one decent car boot sale near me and it's never good enough weather to spend the morning out in Scotland! You got such amazing bargains :)ReplyDelete
Ahh this makes me want to go to a car boot sales right now :) You found some amazing bargains! Hopefully I will be able to go to one soon xxReplyDelete
you found some great things, the car boots around where i live are never normally very good haha xxxxReplyDelete
amazing, bobbi brown and nars for 30p! This makes me really want to go to another car boot now;)ReplyDelete
Wow, looks like you got some real bargains! Whenever I go to a carboot sale there's never anything I'd really want to buy, which is annoying :)xoReplyDelete
These are such amazing deals, especially the NARS multiple!ReplyDelete
Your carboot sale is amazing! The one I go to has hardly ever anything good :/ I love your finds the NARS thing looks really pretty! And I love the shorts :DReplyDelete
Sofia x
Wow, such a bargain! I can't live without that bobbi brown eyeliner, and usually pay about £16 for it!ReplyDelete
Carrie xxx
Wow, such bargains! I've never seen "high end" make up brands on car boot sales yet. The NARS thing looks lovely - can't believe it was 30 p! :)ReplyDelete
You always seem to get such amazing things at car boots! You'll have to take me to one at some point Becky!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous11 May 2013 at 14:56
All this stuff is amazing! I soo need to go to a car boot sale...ReplyDelete
That ceramic pot is so cute, you found some lovely stuff.
Kathryn x
i love the barry m nail polish! such a perfect red colour!ReplyDelete
Check out my latest OOTD :-)
great items!!ReplyDelete
would you like to follow each other?
Wow, this looks gorgeous!ReplyDelete
Fashioncontainer Facebook page
Oh my gosh! These are amazing finds! I need to go to a carboot sale! Hehe xxReplyDelete


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The computer is still pretty much "on-the-fritz" but I've found a way to work around my temporary computer handicap. YEA!
So, here is a pic of a little treat we made at October's Stamp Camp. These are mini pizza boxes stuffed with little goodies! The larger box was perfect for holding these cute little magnets made from mounting board. The Always Remember set was perfect for these! I also added a smaller pizza box for holding some 3x3 notes. We made both of these at the Mile Hi Angel Gathering a couple weeks ago.
Here are the treat box-in-a-bags I made for the kids at school. It was a good thing I had these made early because as usual, what tends to happen to me, I ran out of time! So, I didn't really get everything done how I would have liked, but a little bit is better than none.
Don't you think the Caramel Apple Kits would have looked CUTE with bat wings behind the circle "batty for you" saying. Julie had a great idea posted today for a quick way of accomplishing bat wings. I LOVED it! Wish she had posted it sooner! Well, maybe next year, right?
Classes will continue through the end of the year:
Tech Tuesday tomorrow night, Nov 4 will continue to go on as planned....remember to get out & vote before you come to class.
Oops!! Almost forgot to add: December 2 Tech Tues will have to be held on Wed. December 3rd due to a conflict I can not move!! Thanks!!
Stamp Camp on November 12.
Stamp-a-Stack on Saturday, November 22, 5:00. I already have several reserved spots, so if you have not called me yet, pick up the phone!!! Reminder postcards will be going out today and tomorrow!!
As always, remember to let me know you will be coming!!
Don't forget!! If you hostess a party before the end of the year, you will be eligible to attend the Hostess Appreciation Party in January to "stamp out the blues" & receive a coupon book good for the next catalog!! Also, for every $10 you purchased from the current catalog your name has been entered into the Fabulous grand prize to be awarded at the Stamp-a-Stack!
Okay, enough of stamping & business and on to the shameless parent plug:
Here is a photo of my oldest, the Flag Captain for the 2008 Paonia Eagle Marching season. (Isn't she cute?) I'm very proud to announce that the Paonia Eagle Flag-its received the Colorado State 1A division Outstanding Auxiliary Award. FINALLY!!!! Although we have had an absolutely totally AWESOME flag team for 4 years, it's nice to be recognized as THE BEST IN THE STATE. The show was "The Music of Michael Jackson" and the best was part was "Thriller" at the end. (Becca would probably have preferred I used the picture of her with the "death shroud" mask.) Yes, they did do the dance, along with the band at one point, and the crowd went wild! What a great way to end your High School marching career and final season! Go, Becca!!


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ServletConfig: A servlet configuration object is used by a servlet container to pass information to a servlet during initialization. Using config object you can access init parameters declared in deployment descriptor and get context object.
ServletContext: Defines a set of methods that a servlet uses to communicate with its servlet container, for example, to get the MIME type of a file, dispatch requests, or write to a log file.
There is only one context per "web application" per Java Virtual Machine.
The ServletContext
object is contained within the ServletConfig
object, which the Web server provides the servlet when the servlet is initialized.


text:
The Loch Leven Wraith
Ken MacDougal stood on the shore of Loch Leven staring into the water for nearly an hour. The evening summer wind tousled his dark hair. He hadn't been to the loch in five years. He was 25 the last time he came to the loch. The memories of what happened that night still very vivid in his mind.
He questioned himself if it was the drink that had him imagining the things he saw and felt that night. But deep down, he didn't believe it was the drink. He knew what he saw, what he felt. It was real. It was glorious and scary too. He waited the five years to come back. And now here he stood in front of her, nervous as a school boy.
After another ten minutes, he pulled his shirt over his head and tossed in on top of his shoes sitting on the shore. He slowly moved to the water's edge. Then, very cautiously, he stepped into the water. He walked in a little until the water was up to his knees and waited a few moments. Then, he walked in a bit further, the water lapping at his waist.
Then he felt her, the Loch Leven Wraith. He closed his eyes and placed his hands on top of the water as the ripples surrounded him. He could feel her encircling his body, caressing his form with her currents. She tugged gently on him, urging him in deeper. He walked in some more and very slowly dipped his shoulders under the water so that the only part of himself exposed in the night air was his head.
She embraced him with her movement. He could feel her all over him at once. He closed his eyes and succumbed to her will, finally dipping his head under the water. She now completely encased his entire body. He couldn't see in the dark water, but he felt so at ease and comfortable. His need to breathe was gone as she sheathed him with her essence.
He could feel her everywhere and his body responded quickly to the currents. She deepened her caresses and he allowed her to pull him in. They mingled in the dark waters for an unknown amount of time, flowing and surging together. Then he heard her thoughts.
"Ken MacDougal, I have awaited your return. How have the years been to you?"
And as a thought, I responded. "The arrival of this day has been a constant reverie."
"I've been trapped in this loch for a long time. Now that you are of age, your kiss, if you choose to offer me one, will supply me with the soul I very much desire. What say you Ken MacDougal?" She communicated.
"I have waited five years for this night, to come to you and offer myself. I propose to you not only my kiss, but my heart and love as well. I want to release you from this loch and hold you till my dying day." He replied.
"I accept your proposal MacDougal and offer you my heart and love as well. Till my dying day." She thought.
Then they were moving toward the surface. When Ken emerged the warm air filled his lungs immediately. He moved back toward the shore searching, waiting. He couldn't feel her around him any longer. He continued to wait.
Finally he heard her thoughts again. "MacDougal, find my face in the reflection of the moon. Find me and kiss me!"
He turned to his left, found the Moon's reflection, dancing on the water. He looked down and saw her, for the first time, her beauty surpassing any other. He bent over, held his breath and kissed the surface of the water.
The energy was engulfing him. He stumbled back when the currents around him swelled. Quickly he made his way to the shore where he stood knee deep in the water. The moon shone brightly and a mist formed over the loch.
Then she emerged from the dark waters. Her beauty was vast and all consuming. He felt her energy as she made her way to him. She placed her hands around his neck and kissed him then, with a passion he had never known.
MacDougal freed the Loch Leven Wraith that night. She belonged to him and him to her. Her soul felt more gratitude with every day she woke. They lived out the rest of their lives near the loch. They loved, respected and treasured each other till the end.


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A Sheffield headteacher has found similarities between the challenges schools are facing in the UK and Asian during a visit to Japan.
Paul Stockley, headteacher at Bradway Primary, in Bradway, said schools across the world face similar challenges in education, such as internet safety, bullying, attendance and providing support for children with special needs, but felt there were positive aspects in the Japanese educational system would could be adapted in the UK.
He warned that if there are not changes around teacher and pupil wellbeing in the UK, then there is a risk of an exodus of teachers from the profession and a generation of children with a narrowed curriculum.
Mr Stockley visited Sheffield's sister city' Kawasaki, for a teaching conference and to visit educational establishments at the end of last year.
READ MORE: Two Sheffield primary schools rated among best in the country
He said: "Despite the obvious differences, what was striking during the visit were the similarities in the challenges that we all face in education, be it internet safety, bullying, attendance at school or providing support for children with special needs.
"No education system is immune for these challenges and although we often look to Asian countries for the answer to our problems, the message was clear: they have not got all the answers and there is no simple solution."
He said the rise in the number of pupils with complex special needs in schools is a challenge all over the world, but Japan is investing money to build more special schools to cope with the rise in demand.
READ MORE: Sheffield youngsters enjoy a 'muddy good' day at forest school
Testing does not occur in primary schools in Japan and there are no Ofsted inspections, yet Mr Stockley said it has one of the highest performing education systems in the world.
"In the primary school I visited I was impressed by the diverse and varied curriculum which catered for the needs of the whole child and which was not unduly focused on a few academic subjects, as it is in this country," he said.
"Teachers enjoy their jobs, despite very long hours, and the headteachers are trusted to lead with minimal interference from the government or the local education department."
Mr Stockley felt there are important lessons to be learnt for the UK education system about teacher and pupil wellbeing, which he felt was at risk of losing a high number of teachers and a generation of children who learn a narrowed curriculum.
READ MORE: Thousands of primary school children will be forced to sit new times tables test
He said: "I think that there are important lessons to be learnt for our own education system around the theme of teacher and pupil well being since the unprecedented degree of pressure on schools is already risking an exodus of teachers from the profession and a generation of children with a narrowed curriculum, both at primary and secondary levels.
"Unremitting pressure over a long period of time does nothing to motivate and inspire human beings and it can lead to passivity and a risk - adverse culture; exactly what we don't need in our schools.
"If we are going to successfully prepare children for the future we need a system which recognises the importance of providing a diverse and stimulating curriculum and which places value on the development of vital qualities such as resilience and resourcefulness in our pupils, rather than just focusing on children's abilities to pass high stake tests."


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This is just the Polak Way:
EVen on foreign turf we can burn an entire city down if we want to. Heck even the CHechens, Ukrainians and ALbanians probably fear Polaks. Also, the second vid only really gets interesting from 5: 30 when the Polaks group together and start going against the cops in an organized fashion. Polaks can even beat Mexican bangers when it comes to mayhem and street. We would probably even do this in south central L.A and take on the blacks in the Rodney King riots or join them. Thats the Polak way.
Proud to be Polak
The motorcycle and car club scene in Southern Cal is growing and has globalized in recent years. They are not gangs, but many former gang members have got into them.
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Okay, I really do understand that they are trying to develop a place where genealogists can directly search through the collections of ephemera sellers and antique dealers, but it still sounds like this is just a greedy mess waiting to happen.
As one who digs through photos on a constant basis, it is actually fairly rare to find photos and such with much identifying information. This leads me to worry that unscrupulous sellers will be busy, pens and pencils in hand, jotting names onto loose photographs in an effort to up their value.
Secondly, it does not say if the image itself is saved to the site once the original is gone. My personal opinion is that all history is meant to be shared, and the artifacts of a families history are no different. What happens when a picture of Great grandpa Lou pops up for sale but before you have the chance, a distant cousin orders it? Is his face lost to everyone else?
It will be very interesting to see how this works in the end. I'm going to check out the website and report back later. In the mean while, you should read this fantastic article about it! It is the very same article I first read, and includes many more details about the 'start-up' it's self.
Former Ancestry.com Execs To Launch New Genealogy Start Up YouWho (Exclusive)
Side note: In the article they mention that YouWho plans to begin purchasing various forms of genephmera themselves to sell also. We'll have to keep an eye out for how this effects the current pricing of genephemera items…


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Frequently Asked Questions
The Company
Crowd Machine consists of the Crowd Computer, Crowd App Studio and Crowd Share. The Crowd Computer is a global decentralized app execution engine. It has been designed to execute blockchain smart contracts and decentralized apps that meet any requirement. The Crowd Computer consists of a peer-to-peer network of Crowd Virtual Machines ("CVM") that run on the peer devices. Device owners are compensated for the use of their surplus processing power to run the CVM. Embedded in the Crowd Computer is the Crowd App Studio that enables anyone to create decentralized apps without writing code. Crowd Share is a GitHub-like repository of source code that developers can use free of charge to help build their apps.
Crowd Machine is a new company, but the Crowd Machine technology has been in development for many years.
Crowd Machine has 27 employees.
Yes, Crowd Machine is hiring. If you think you have what it takes to join the Crowd Machine team, then send your resume to firstname.lastname@example.com
Crowd App Studio
It allows App feature and function to be drawn as logic diagrams, making it faster and easier to create apps than current development approaches.
Any type of decentralized or blockchain app.
You can build almost any type of app using the Crowd App Studio and deploy it to the Crowd Computer.
That depends entirely upon your app. You only pay for the Crowd Computer processor time you use.
The best way to predict your costs is to build you app and deploy it to the Crowd Computer test network. On the test network you can simulate user load which will simulate your cost.
Crowd Share
Crowd Share is a GitHub-like source repository enabling the commercialization of source code by the developer community. It allows developers to monetize their intellectual property in an open marketplace. Crowd Share is a growing repository of ready to use, plug and play, app content allowing applications to be assembled rather than created. Crowd Share further accelerates app time to market.
Yes, but is specific to the Patterns, Activities, Packages, and Attributes that create apps on the Crowd Machine network.
You can contribute your source code's logic built as Patterns. You can also wrap any API from an external service or product and place it in Crowd Share for community and customer use.
You can contribute by assembling Patterns for your apps, which are then open-sourced for other community developers to use in their apps.
The Crowd Share compensation model is based on the consumption of Patterns. For example, let's assume that a Crowd Machine customer is paying $180,000 per annum for their Crowd Machine use. Let's also assume that the customer is using 10 Patterns contributed by a developer, and that those Patterns represent 10% of the customer's consumption then the compensation to that developer would be as follows –
|Total of customer contract
|$180,000 per annum
|Crowd Share pool
|Crowd Share value
|Developer's compensation
|$2,700 per annum
If 50 customers were using those same Patterns at the same consumption rate, then the developer would be earning $135,000 per annum. The Crowd Share model also takes into consideration the complexity of the Pattern, and allows for derivative works where compensation is distributed across all parties who have participated in those works. Each upload and download of a behavior from Crowd Share is written to a blockchain which provides a mechanism to trace derivative works and identifies the payment pathway. The technology removes any dispute as to content ownership and rights.
Crowd Computer
A powerful peer-to-peer computational network that leverages global device capacity to power the execution of blockchain and decentralized Apps where owners are paid for allowing their devices to be a part of the App execution network.
Agoric nodes (aka super nodes) generate blueprints that utilize benchmarking provided by activity compute nodes (ACNs) to form pathways from source app Patterns and map to optimal compute resources.
Yes, if it is a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, or server.
Crowd App Studio and the Crowd Virtual Machine are available to use now. The Crowd Computer will be available in Q4 2018.
Compared to the public clouds, Crowd Machine is infinitely scalable (limited only by the number of connected computing devices on the internet), and is not cost prohibitive.
Crowd App Studio and the Crowd Computer are proprietary. The Crowd Virtual Machine will be made available as open source in 2018.
Strong Federation consensus is deterministic, where each block is expected to be produced by a single party. Therefore, reorganizations cannot happen, unlike in Bitcoin or Ethereum, where they are an ordinary fact of life. In a Strong Federation, blocksigners need only to obtain consensus amongst themselves before extending history; since they are a small, well-defined set, the network heartbeat can be significantly faster than in Proof-of-Work, where settlement is probabilistic over time.
Maid Safe is a data protection technology whereas Crowd Machine is a decentralized app development and execution technology.
Crowd Machine Compute Tokens (CMCTs)
CMCTs reward node operators on the network for contributing computational and storage resources.
CMCTs also reward developers for their Patterns executed on the network by app end-users.
Because they want to build apps with the Crowd App Studio and have end-users use their app. You can think of the CMCT token payment as analogous to the fees you would pay Amazon Web Services or Google Cloud.
The CMCT is an ERC20 token.
CMCTs will have a fixed supply of two billion (2,000,000,000) tokens and be divisible to 8 decimal places.
Crowd Machine Token Sale
In order to give token purchasers the ability to run apps on the Crowd Computer.
The pre-sale part of the public sale has now closed. The public sale will re-open at a date to be announced.
The minimum amount to participate in the public sale is 0.1 ETH.
There is no maximum amount.
Anyone who:
- makes a minimum purchase of 0.1 ETH per transaction; and
- successfully completes all identity and KYC/AML checks; and
- is not from an Excluded Country,
can participate.
To register for the re-opening of the public sale, go to – https://tokenportal.crowdmachine.com/
US resident public sale participants must successfully complete all required identity checks and Crowd Machine's Know your Customer (KYC) / Anti Money Laundering (AML) compliance checks.
Yes – unless you are from North Korea, Cuba, Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Libya, Sudan or Somalia.
Non-US residents (who are not from an excluded country) must successfully complete all required identity checks and Crowd Machine's Know your Customer (KYC) / Anti Money Laundering (AML) compliance checks.
You can contribute as many times as you like during each public sale period.
You can participate in as many public sales periods as you like.
Through our token sale portal, participants will be able, in advance, to select the period/s for which they want to participate and pre-complete their participation details, including contribution amount/s. When each sale period opens at 0:00 UTC, pre-completed participants in that sale period will be activated.
For participants in the future daily public sale periods (who successfully pre-complete our KYC/AML checks), tokens will be distributed within 4 hours of the close of the relevant daily sale period.
The public sale closes at 20:00 UTC on the 390th daily public sale period.
This will be some time in 2019 and depends on when the daily public sale periods commence.
There is no cap for Crowd Machine's token sale.
The Excluded Countries are: North Korea, Cuba, Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Libya, Sudan and Somalia.
Crowd Machine Private Sale
Token Availability, Allocation, Creation & Bonuses
The total CMCTs will be divided into five lots as follows:
|Lot 1 – Pre Sale Period A
|Lot 2 – Bonus Allocation Provision B
|Lot 3 – Total Daily Public Sale Period Allocations
|Lot 4 – Community and Loyalty Incentives
|Lot 5 – Company Inventory Reserve
|Total CMCTs
- Private Sale and first 20 days of the Public Sale
- 491,250,000 are for the Pre-Sale Period and 8,750,000 for US purchasers for the first 7 Daily Sale Periods. Unclaimed CMCTs from each of these periods will be re-allocated evenly across the daily public sale period allocations
A 0.5x (50%) bonus will apply for all contributions received from US purchasers during the first 7 daily sale periods.
Token Pricing
The CMCT token price is set by the market.
It is calculated at the end of each sale period – i.e.,
- within 7 days of the end of the Pre-Sale Period; and
- within 4 hours of the end of each of the 390 daily Public Sale Periods.
The number of tokens each participant gets is also calculated at the end of each sale period.
The number of tokens each participant gets is calculated as:
Token Payment Methods
The minimum purchase amount for the public sale is 0.1 ETH.
To participate in the Crowd Machine public token sale, you will need to have an ERC20 compatible wallet you control.
Do not send funds from an exchange or enter an exchange wallet.
There is nothing you can do, because exchange wallets often do not offer the ability to send ERC20 tokens.
You can still get your tokens, but you must have your wallet's private key to send the tokens.
Crowd Machine Tokens – Use of Proceeds
Sales receipts through the public token sale process will be used for:
- Sustaining engineering and feature enhancement of the Crowd App Studio, Crowd Share and Crowd Virtual Machine products
- Development of a global developer community
- Sales and marketing
- Product and community support
- Other normal business proceeds
Regarding the KYC information that is provided, to what extent can you ensure that this data is safe?
All KYC data is end-to-end encrypted and is passed to our KYC vendor via an API.
A valid Driver's License or Passport.
Please review the privacy policy information located at – https://www.crowdmachine.com/media/2017/11/Crowd-Machine-Privacy.pdf
Contact Us
If this FAQ page doesn't provide the information you need, please Contact Us.


text:
Flooring Ideas For Basements
There is a lot of elements you need to know in advance of remodel your home, that Flooring Ideas For Basements snapshot collection might inform you for the important activities. For those who have some sort of unattractive property together with you need to change the idea, next the following Flooring Ideas For Basements pic stock will probably be your best way to obtain suggestions. What you must have to begin with could be the theme, sign in forums select one of the many a few motifs you love out of this Flooring Ideas For Basements graphic gallery. Not fascinating, a designs furnished by Flooring Ideas For Basements picture gallery will give you peacefulness in addition to convenience in your home. You may rise your know-how about activities to do inside generating a family house as a result of observing this Flooring Ideas For Basements graphic collection properly. Subsequently you can also find various exciting options involving Flooring Ideas For Basements photograph stock to be a suitable coloring selection. Simply as Flooring Ideas For Basements image collection illustrates, that colors picked are able to liven up the house, and you could copy this suggestions.
As noun
a floor
floors collectively
materials for making floors
As noun
any conception existing in the mind as a result of mental understanding, awareness, or activity
a thought, conception, or notion:That is an excellent idea
an impression:He gave me a general idea of how he plans to run the department
an opinion, view, or belief:His ideas on raising children are certainly strange
a plan of action; an intention:the idea of becoming an engineer
a groundless supposition; fantasy
a concept developed by the mind
a conception of what is desirable or ought to be; ideal
(initial capital letter) Platonism
Also called form
an archetype or pattern of which the individual objects in any natural class are imperfect copies and from which they derive their being
idea of pure reason
a theme, phrase, or figure
a likeness
a mental image
As preposition
with the object or purpose of:to run for exercise
intended to belong to, or be used in connection with: equipment for the army;a closet for dishes
suiting the purposes or needs of:medicine for the aged
in order to obtain, gain, or acquire: a suit for alimony;to work for wages
(used to express a wish, as of something to be experienced or obtained):O, for a cold drink!
sensitive or responsive to:an eye for beauty
desirous of: a longing for something;a taste for fancy clothes
in consideration or payment of; in return for: three for a dollar;to be thanked for one's efforts
appropriate or adapted to: a subject for speculation;clothes for winter
with regard or respect to: pressed for time;too warm for April
during the continuance of:for a long time
in favor of; on the side of:to be for honest government
in place of; instead of:a substitute for butter
in the interest of; on behalf of:to act for a client
in exchange for; as an offset to: blow for blow;money for goods
in punishment of:payment for the crime
in honor of:to give a dinner for a person
with the purpose of reaching:to start for London
contributive to:for the advantage of everybody
in order to save:to flee for one's life
in order to become:to train recruits for soldiers
in assignment or attribution to: an appointment for the afternoon;That's for you to decide
such as to allow of or to require:too many for separate mention
such as results in:his reason for going
as affecting the interests or circumstances of:bad for one's health
in proportion or with reference to:He is tall for his age
in the character of; as being:to know a thing for a fact
by reason of; because of: to shout for joy;a city famed for its beauty
in spite of:He's a decent guy for all that
to the extent or amount of:to walk for a mile
(used to introduce a subject in an infinitive phrase):It's time for me to go
(used to indicate the number of successes out of a specified number of attempts):The batter was for in the game
As conjunction
seeing that; since
As Idioms
for it, British
in (def )
As noun
a story of a building, partly or wholly underground
(in classical and Renaissance architecture) the portion of a building beneath the principal story, treated as a single compositional unit
the lowermost portion of a structure
the substructure of a columnar or arched construction
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Presto Joins Viventor
13 November 2017 | Comments
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Later this fall Pope Francis is scheduled to address the U.S. Congress, most likely on the subject of the environmental conservation. That's fine. Not much anybody can say against the idea. As California burns and many islands feel the slow encroachment of the sea along their beaches, and species go extinct every day, unless there's a drastic change in consciousness a global catastrophe is imminent.
But wait a minute. Pope Francis is the last one to be pontificating (literally) on environmentalism. Upstart senators and representatives should stand together and yell, "Hypocrite, after what the Catholic orthodoxy has done to the world, how do you have the audacity to stand there and tell us that? Take a long, objective look at history. Your delusional belief system has driven generation after generation completely mad. As pope do you not encourage 'be fruitful and multiply' and 'subdue the Earth.'? Do you not tell people they'll go to hell if they use artificial birth control? No wonder human history is so pathetic with war and misery in every generation. Can you name any two neighboring countries that have never gone to war with each other?"
For us to take you seriously you have to repudiate your etched-in-stone orthodoxy. We need an old- fashioned book burning where Bibles from all over the city are thrown in with a feisty 'good riddance.' You believe in the Book of Revelation, don't you? You believe Christ and his four horsemen and the rest of the bum LSD trip described by St. John the Divine? What sense does it make to preserve the our beautiful planet? You tell people Christ is going to destroy it anyway, and that thought has caused horrible abuses. Make sense, will ya, Francis. Why would you want the world to be preserved? So God will get a bigger kick out of destroying something beautiful?
You can lecture us all you want; we'll listen. But first you have to renounce your entire belief system, above all your "End of Days" nonsense because the belief increases the chance of a self-fulfilling prophecy. Organize a massive Bible Burn. You can borrow my cigarette lighter.
Views: 176
Sadly, Rich, your photo didn't come through.
Relating to your story of the wasps provides a good example of group behavior. It is true, Homo sapiens is a social animal and behaves differently when in a group than individually. That may explain the behaviors of those in KKK, for example, or some whites during the civil rights struggles of the 1960s.
I think what has to happen is humans accept that they are animals that grew out of nature. The Prime Directive is the force of all life—self preservation and reproduction as much as possible. But territoriality is an outgrowth of the latter. The more land one possesses the more babies.
To show how strong this force is, I was just in my back yard and came across a wasp hive. If I would have disturbed it I would have had to jump in the canal. (That's the canal in back of my home in the picture to the left.) The suicidal violence of the wasps shows how strong the urge is. Individual wasps don't even care about their own lives. Reason has to trump violence like spades in a bridge game.
Rich, that fits with what I have learned and observed. All these terrible wars and unresolved conficts that come with trying to settle disagreements with violence come back to bite us in our backs.
Eisler proposes a "Partnership Way" that involves learning how to solve problems and conficts so that there is a higher probability of a win/win solution.
Joan, better not tell that to Barbara Walker. Your father should have studied biology a little longer. Three quarters of all sex chromosomes are female. There are many species where almost the entire population is female. If you see a worker bee canvassing for nectar, it's not probably a sterile female, IT IS a sterile female. Many butterfly species are 99% female and most species of parrots are lesbian where the male's reproductive responsibilities are short and sweet. In birds males have the beautiful voices and plumage, but it's the female that calls the tune.
Barbara blames the agricultural revolution for the male domination. Humans switched from a nurturing female fertility goddess to a domineering, patriarchal Mafia god. Farming brought on private property and that's where our species turned violent.
Rich, I asked my father where he got the authority to beat my mother. He said it is the way of nature, males' violence against females is natural.
That is a great criteria, Gerald. My criteria is when a woman leads the Roman Catholic Church and denounces the birth, death, and resurrection of Jesus, and when they let go of promises of heaven and threats of hell.
I guess I will be long dead and decomposed before that happens.
When Francis starts dishing out the condoms, and not until then, will I believe he's serious about environmentalism. Until then he's a joyriding hypocrite.
Oh! How I wish Francis would leave his hands off human sexuality. What a disaster his beliefs and the Roman Catholic church's beliefs have harmed humans and the Earth!
Hypocrisy is the word Joan. I wonder when he'll advocate birth control as a means of steadying the pressure on world resources?
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Russian Journal of Developmental Biology, Vol. 31, No. 4. 2000, pp. 212-232. Translated from Ontogenez, VoL 31, No. 4. 2000, pp. 259--283. Original Russian Text Copyright 9 2000. Abstracts of Papers Endogenous Connections in Morphogenesis and RegenerationmIntegrating and Control Systems: Theory and Practice Moscow, December 1-2, 1999 The scientific conference Endogenous Connec- concentrations of p-aminobenzoic acid and new adhe- tions in Morphogenesis and Regeneration--Integrating sion proteins of the cell microenvironrnent (belonging and Control Systems: Theory and Practice dedicated to to the class of low-molecular-weight glycoproteins) in the 275th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sci- the control and stimulation of normal development, ences was conducted in early December, 1999, at the regeneration, and defense. A series of papers was con- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian cerned with the development of new wide-action spec- Academy of Sciences. The conference was organized trum drugs based on PABA and the adhesion proteins. by the Laboratory of Cell Differentiation. Studies conducted by two independent groups of this labora- The conference was financially supported by the tory and cooperating scientists and physicians from Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 99- other institutions were presented. They were con- 04-580-58 and ENDO-FARM-A. cerned with
Russian Journal of Developmental Biology – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 18, 2007
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Fandom: The Vampire Diaries
Characters: Stefan, Klaus (Stefan/Klaus)
Words / Rating: 1614 words / T for language, violence, emo sociopathic-ness
Spoilers: Post-Homecoming
Summary: Come find me.
A/N: For lynnenne, prompt: "We were friends" / "We are friends". This is vaguely lulzy, as this pairing is wont to be.
There are many other places Stefan should be right now.
(But he's not thinking about that.)
Stealing Klaus's coffins was a good idea at the time. Lugging them across the country proves more tiresome.
Stefan regrets nothing. He'd do this all over again.
He knows Klaus is coming for him. Probably with a stake. Wonders if there's a cute little urn picked out for his remains, to be placed beside the other coffins.
Stefan doesn't feel afraid. (He doesn't feel anything. Remember?) Stands at the balcony of his hotel room, whispers to the Bahama breeze: "Come find me, friend."
"One more move, and I will tear apart everyone you know," Klaus hisses, all impotent fury across a tinny phone line.
"You do that," Stefan says, as though he doesn't care. "I'll set your family on fire."
The clenching of Klaus's fists is damned near audible. This makes Stefan smile. (This is what makes him smile, these days.)
"What exactly do you think you are playing at?" Klaus says, voice low and steady, exuding a semblance of calm.
"I'm just enjoying my freedom, comrade." Stefan plays with the severed head on his lap. Licks a strip of congealed blood off his finger. "The freedom you granted me."
There's no response on the other end.
Stefan pours himself a glass of scotch. "Or maybe you're starting to regret that?"
"Mark my words, friend," Klaus finally says, slow and deliberate. "By the time I am done with you, you will regret the day you were brought into this world."
Stefan's smile spreads, twists up into something that's almost a grimace. "Is that a promise?"
If Stefan were to describe himself as feeling anything, he'd say he feels… good. It feels good to be a step ahead, to be out from under someone's thumb, to have absolutely nothing to lose.
(He has already lost everything; that's how he knows that he's finally winning.)
Really, he thinks, he should probably thank Klaus; he hasn't had this much fun in years.
There's an incident in Florida. He's in some sleazy nightclub, drinking from a young man in a dark corner; the thumping of a processed bass drum beats in time to the slowing pulse of the man he cradles in his hands. If anyone were to look over now, this would seem like a loving embrace.
Stefan drops the boy, dead now, back in his chair, too-blue eyes staring vacantly up at the strobe lights. Truthfully the boy left something to be desired. Stefan's always preferred his blood fresh and pure, not laced with illicit chemicals. Damon would probably disagree. But he's not here with Damon.
Stefan moves on. Heads back out to the dance floor.
Then he freezes, feeling the weight of someone's gaze. Turns around, sees a man watching him from an alcove.
Stefan moves through the crowd so fast, he's up on the alcove with his hand around the man's throat before the music's skipped two beats.
It's only then that he realises he got it wrong. The human gapes at him, eyes wide. Blue eyes, again. Stefan's truly growing sick of those.
"Sorry," he says, not sounding sorry at all. Lets go of the frightened man. Briefly considers eating him. But no, the rush of adrenaline's passed. He just wants to be alone now.
He's never been good at this nightlife thing. (He was, once.)
Sometimes he gets bored. Puts the phone on loudspeaker.
"Hey there, friend," he greets when the call picks up.
"What the hell do you think you are doing," is Klaus's gritted-teeth response.
"Me? Oh, I'm just dining with some friends," Stefan says cheerfully. "Well, in a manner of speaking." Looks out of his window, at the starry night sky. "It's a beautiful night. Wish you could join me."
Klaus chuckles, sounds almost amused. "As do I, comrade. You can't imagine what I plan to do to you."
"Are you trying to turn me on?" Stefan slashes open the limp wrist of his dining companion, squeezes the blood into his wine glass.
Klaus doesn't say anything for a moment. Then his voice comes quiet, tense, almost gentle: "I will find you, Stefan."
Stefan sits back, raises his glass to his lips. "I'm counting on it."
There's no response.
"It's been good talking to you, pal." Stefan hangs up the line.
He's in Georgia for Christmas. It's a little too close to… other places; but it's necessary to pass through on his way to Tennessee. Stefan has some old friends in Nashville he hasn't seen in massacre-free decades. Figures now's a good a time as any to re-forge old connections, etcetera.
He's checking the baggage van when his phone shrieks a ringtone. For a split second he thinks it's Damon or Elena, and panic hits him, swift and nauseating, it's so inconvenient, so unfair; it's what he ran out of town to escape.
But when he presses the phone to his ear, it's Klaus's voice that comes through. The relief is sickening.
"How's my family doing?" Klaus asks, too lively.
It immediately sets Stefan on edge. "Klaus?"
"Yes, it's me, old chum," Klaus says, equally cheerful and disdainful. "I realised that it wasn't fair to leave it up to you to arrange these chats each time. Must be costing a fortune."
Stefan shakes his head. "What are you up to?"
"Oh, can't a friend simply get in touch with his friend? Must we have ulterior motives for everything, Stefan?" There's a dark undercurrent to the question.
On instinct, Stefan turns, surveys his surroundings. But there's nothing. Just the empty parking lot. Some birds in the sky.
"I would like to know, though," Klaus continues, "how is my family?"
The question is calm, but there's a sliver of tension in it. This, more than anything, makes Stefan feel assured. "Oh, they're great." He hoists himself up into the back of the van. "Just looking at them now." He knocks on a coffin for Klaus's benefit.
"Wonderful," Klaus says, smoothly. "Well, do keep taking care of them, will you. And I'll return the favour."
Stefan leans against a coffin. "What's that supposed to mean."
"Your brother is unexpectedly accommodating, did you know?" Klaus says. In the background, there's a yell of pain. "Then again, perhaps that is to be expected from a brainwashed vampire. You can get them to do the funniest things to themselves." Another distant cry of pain.
Stefan's jaw clenches. "Stay the fuck away from my brother."
"Now now, Stefan. Let's not be a hypocrite. I'm a man of compromise. Give me back mine, I'll release yours."
Stefan closes his eyes. Silently counts to ten. He can't afford to break. If he breaks, then he's lost. Overwhelmed. They'll overwhelm him.
(But of course they will. Sooner or later. He's never managed to escape them completely. It's the one thing at which he's always truly failed.)
He opens his eyes, and says, "Fine. Whatever you say."
There's a moment of silence. Then, "Good man." The line goes dead.
They meet in New York. In Times Square. Midnight, on New Year's Eve. There's something romantic about that. Probably Klaus planned it that way. Stefan doesn't linger on that thought.
Minutes before the bell chimes, he arrives in the square; around him, happy families and couples linger, awash in warmth and laughter. Stefan tries his best to ignore them. Looks instead for the face he hasn't seen for months, the one that's permanently branded in his memory.
(No compulsion could make him forget now.)
"There you are, my friend," a familiar voice says.
Stefan turns.
And Klaus is there, light blue eyes blazing.
This is the moment, Stefan thinks. Doesn't know what that means, completely, but it hits him like a remembered melody.
"You know what I'm going to ask," Klaus says plainly.
Stefan nods. "Two blocks down. White van." Pauses. "And mine?"
"Last time I saw, safe and sound." Klaus closes the distance between them. Puts his hands on Stefan's shoulders, and leans in until their foreheads are almost touching.
What must people think? Stefan wonders. The sight of the two of them like this.
It occurs to him that he doesn't care.
(Of course not. He doesn't care about anything anymore.)
"Do you know, I truly thought we'd make it right this time around." Klaus grips him tight, eyes glistening with some emotion Stefan doesn't care to place.
"Well, whose fault was that?"
Klaus smiles slightly. One hand moves in a blur, and then Stefan feels it, the sharp wooden point pressed to his back through his shirt.
He doesn't move. "You're gonna do it right here? Around everybody?"
"They won't notice." Klaus sneers. "And it seems poetic. You were always afraid to die alone, weren't you?"
Stefan swallows. Around them, the crowd starts chanting, counting down the clock. "Ten! Nine! …"
"It's been good knowing you, brother," Klaus tells him, pressing the point of the stake over Stefan's heart.
Then he pauses.
"Eight! Seven! …"
"Well? Go on. Do it." Stefan holds Klaus's gaze. "Kill me. I'll even let you."
Klaus's eyes flash, some emotion Stefan can almost place.
"Six! Five! …"
"This is the moment, Nik," Stefan murmurs; it seems the right thing to say. "It's now or never."
Klaus does nothing but gaze at him, expression unfathomable.
"Two! …"
Stefan takes an unnecessary breath, and waits.


text:
The journey began on Jan. 5, 2009.
I've been struggling with my weight for years. I've gone on diets before, sometimes with success but more often not – especially in recent years. And – obviously – I've never been able to maintain the weight loss.
For the last couple of years, I haven't even been able to motivate myself to make the requisite "I'm going to lose weight" New Year's Resolution. A lot of spiritual, emotional, and psychological factors figured into that, and really, 2009 didn't begin any differently.
Me with my daughter Emma at the Houston Zoo in October. I'm the big gray blob on the left – the one holding the baby. I weighed in at a hefty 260 pounds.
In fact, this is not a New Year's Resolution. This is just me coming to the realization that I want to be thinner. I need to be. Strangely enough, we spent some time the first weekend of this year with some old friends who are big fans of The Biggest Loser. I'm not a big fan of reality TV, so I wasn't really excited about watching this with them, but I did. And watching these people sometimes lose 100 pounds – 40 or 50% of their body weight – I was inspired. So, when Kacy and I got home, we laid out a plan.
I set up an account on FitDay.com to help me set up a healthy weight-loss goal. I set up an account at SparkPeople to help me calculate the calories of homemade foods. (Incidentally, if you'd like a pretty healthy and very flavorful recipe for Chicken Pomodoro, check it out here.)
As of Jan. 5, I weighed 260 pounds. My goal is be down to 180 – five pounds less than I weighed when I graduated from high school in 1991 – by Oct 12, 2009. (The odd date is so that I can maintain a healthy rate of weight loss – trying to keep it around two pounds a week.) That's 80 pounds.
As of yesterday, I weighed 251 pounds. So, I've lost nine pounds, and I haven't even really figured out how to stick to my diet plan (1,582 calories a day) consistently yet! Nor have I begun an exercise regimen. (That begins soon.)
So, please keep me in your prayers, and give me some encouragement. This is going to be a long, hard road. And, if you – like me – are struggling with weight loss, I hope this blog can be an encouragement to you.


text:
Once upon a time, a long time ago, I read Erich von Daniken's book Chariots of the Gods. I love history - the older, the better. I thought his idea about artifacts pointing to extraterrestrial contact was interesting. But what I loved most was hearing about parts of history that I might otherwise have missed.
I have always enjoyed Greek mythology, so when I saw Odyssey of the Gods: The History of Extraterrestrial Contact in Ancient Greece by Erich von Daniken, I picked it up to see what he had to say about one of my favorite subjects. Although I don't buy his overriding premise, Mr. von Daniken has done excellent historical research yet again. In this book, he especially describes the stories of Jason and the Argonauts, the Odyssey of Homer, the Dialogues of Plato as touches Atlantis, and some of the advanced mathematics, technology, and maps of the time. I thought it was worth my time.
Kathi Linz


text:
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2000)
2 mistakes in Random Acts of Violence
Starring: Eric Szmanda, Gary Dourdan, George Eads, Jorja Fox, Marg Helgenberger, Paul Guilfoyle, Robert David Hall, William Petersen
Random Acts of Violence - S3-E13
Plot hole: While searching through the dead computer guy's CDs Nick finds a CD supposedly burned that night, containing data gathered at the time of death, but by the time the CD was burned the guy would have already been dead, so who took it out of the computer and filed it away?
Random Acts of Violence - S3-E13
Other mistake: Just after they arrest the Janitor, they are walking out of the building past the employee's. The girl sitting at her chair is not actually typing on her keyboard, her fingers never even press on the keys and her screen-saver is displayed on the screen. (00:37:15)Scrappy
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text:
Attentive readers will be aware that the new 'Politically Correct Forenames Act' is due to come into force on the 1st of August. Details here.
Councillor Jack Daw has issued the following ststement from his hospital bed where he is convalescing from another bout of Tri-Bellicose Monomania.
"This Council is determined to eliminate the curse of Islamophobia from our society and consequently the names Kevin and Ian have been added to the list of unacceptable forenames. Unfortunately, due to an oversight the Council has been unable to pass the necessary enforcement measures regarding the legislation and will not be in a position to ensure compliance for at least two weeks after the 1st of August. We deeply regret the inconvenience caused to the people of Saltburn and assure them that a thorough going and wide ranging review of Council procedures will now take place. This review is expected to take at least five years."
Councillor Daw is expected to resume his duties shortly.
Wednesday, 25 July 2007
Council Drops One!
Posted by Saltburn subversives at 09:33
1 comment:
Fine and beno
- 25 January 2016 at 11:34
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