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1 NRHSAA BOYS SOCCER IMPORTANT: The policies that follow are specific to this sport and must be adhered to by every member of the NRHSAA. Each sport policy is numbered. Sometimes within a sport policy CAPITALS ARE USED TO IDENTIFY THE ARTICLE and THE SECTION THAT ARE IN THE N.R.H.S.A.A. CONSTITUTION/ POLICY MANUAL. If you want to refer to the NRHSAA CONSTITUTION log on to and then click on schools link. Or, use Make sure that you are familiar with each one. 1. Season of Play: Boys = Spring Season 2. Levels of Competition Junior Level Boys ZONE; Senior Level Boys ZONE; SOSSA; OFSAA 3. Members: Appendix A 4. Executive: EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ROLES OF THE EXECUTIVE STANDING COMMITTEES Section 1 - Board of Reference - GENERAL ARTICLE VI ARTICLE VII ARTICLE IX 5. CONVENERSHIPS ARTICLE XIV Section 1 - Athletic Conveners Section 2 - Athletic Convener Packages 6. SOLICITING STUDENTS ARTICLE XVIII 7. INSURANCE ARTICLE XIX 8. PERSONAL PROPERTY ARTICLE XX 9. TEAM SELECTION ARTICLE XXII 10. SAFETY ARTICLE XXIII NOTE: IF PLAY IS STOPPED FOR INJURY, THAT INJURED PLAYER MUST LEAVE THE FIELD. A SUBSTITUTE PLAYER MAY IMMEDIATELY ENTER. 11. SUPERVISION OF INTERSCHOOL TEAMS ARTICLE XXIV 12. ELIGIBILITY ARTICLE XI Section 1 - School Senior Level - The following classifications shall apply for Senior BOYS SOCCER: A AA AAA AAAA Schools of 500 students and less Schools of 501 to 900 students Schools of 901 to 1200 students Schools of 1201 and greater Junior Level - The following classifications shall apply for Junior BOYS SOCCER: 1
2 A Schools with a population of 799 or under AA Schools with a population of 800 or more There shall be no restriction on the number of players dressed for a league or Play-off game at the Zone level. Note: School SENIOR classification (A/AA/AAA/AAAA) is based on enrolment on October 31 st of the PREVIOUS school year. NOTE: According to ARTICLE XV; Section 1, a team may opt to play at a higher classification if they declare their intention by the Declaration of Play deadlines. SEE THE TABLE BELOW ON HOW TO DECLARE UP. DECLARING UP: A school cannot just decide that a team is changing divisions! If your school would like to declare up for this sport, this must be done in writing, on letterhead, signed by a Principal or Vice Principal of that school. The declaration must go the NRHSAA Coordinator, the Athletic Convener running this sport, and also be forwarded to the SOSSA Secretary. The school must submit the written declaration first. Section 2 - Individual ELIGIBILITY FOR JUNIOR BOYS SOCCER: Only students in their first two years of high school, based on the date they entered grade nine, will be eligible for Junior team competition. Also: NOTE: The individual s birth certificate indicates that he has not reached his 16 th birthday by August 31 st. prior to the start of the school year in which the competition is held. EXCEPTION : a student who has been accelerated one year in elementary school shall be allowed to play at the junior level for a maximum of two (2) consecutive years in the first three (3) years of his/her high school career. The student shall meet the above age requirement and documentation of the acceleration shall be provided with the eligibility sheet. (As of September 2009) ELIGIBILITY FOR SENIOR BOYS SOCCER: Refer to Section 2, Article XI of the Constitution for more information. NOTE: The individual s birth certificate indicates that he has not reached his 19 th birthday by January 1 st prior to the start of the school year in which the competition is held. Section 3 - Special Consideration 13. TRANSFERS ARTICLE XII STANDING COMMITTEE(S) ARTICLE IX Section 2 - Board of Reference - TRANSFER Transfer meeting dates will be published the first week in Sept. of the current school year. Section 1 - Transfer Policy Section 2 - Ineligible Ruling Section 3 - SOSSA Appeal Process 14. SCHEDULING ARTICLE XV Section 1 - Declaration of Play Section 2 - School Classification Section 3 - League and Play-off Format Section 4 - Stages of Scheduling As of April 2011, once the soccer schedule has become a final schedule, no further game changes will be made. SPORT SPECIFIC POLICIES: GAME DAY AND SCHOOL RESPONSIBILITIES: 2
3 15. ELIGIBILITY SHEETS ARTICLE XII The eligibility sheets must be to the Convener by a date that is specified in the first draft. If no date is given, then it must be to the Convener before the first league game. All dressed players must be listed on an eligibility sheet. Any players whose names appear on such sheets and who are not dressed for that particular game must have their names crossed off the list. There shall be no restriction on the number of players dressed for a league or Play-off game at the Zone IV level. 16. Home coaches are responsible for the following: 1. Have the field correctly marked, corner flags in place (corner flags must be on the field, minimum height 5' (or its metric equivalent) and rounded at the top), team benches out, and goal nets in place. 2. Provide a suitable game ball. 3. Ensure that the behavior of spectators is what is expected. 4. Ensure that the field is in playable condition 5. In the event that the game has been called off, the coach is to notify the Athletic Convener and the visiting coach as soon as possible, preferably before 12 noon. 6. Make sure that the referee has copies of the eligibility team sheets. 7. Have a second set of shirts available for the home team to change into in the event that there is a conflict of team colors. 8. It is strongly suggested that each team provide a lines person for each league game. 9. As of April 2011, player benches must be on the same side of the playing field. Spectator areas will be on the opposite side of the players benches. Where this cannot physically be possible, the players bench areas must be clearly defined and spectator areas are not to be in those areas. 17. GAME TIME: ARTICLE XV; Section 4 The first game of a double-header will start at 3:00 (no earlier without Convener s knowledge and both Principals permission). The second part of the double-header will start immediately after the first double-header game is over or at 4:30 pm. Effective April 2011, on Mondays and Tuesdays girls will play the first game of a double header (boys will play second). On Wednesdays and Thursdays boys will play the first game of a double header (girls will play second). Friday games will be at the discretion of the convener. 18. UNIFORMS AND EQUIPMENT 1. All players must wear the same colored tops. No partial uniforms will be allowed. 2. Wearing tracksuit pants or sweat pants will be at the discretion of the referee only in adverse weather conditions. 3. F.I.F.A. approved shoes that are duly inspected by the official and are deemed to be safe be allowed. 4. Jewelry, watches, rings, casts, etc., that could be a hazard to other players will not be permitted. If you are in doubt, contact the referee before the game. 5. Goalkeepers must wear a contrasting colored jersey from those of both teams. 19. PAYMENT OF OFFICIALS ARTICLE XXVI The home team is responsible for payment of officials for all league and play-off games. The amount will be announced at the first meeting. The visiting team is responsible for transportation costs to and from the competition. If a gate is charged at an NRHSAA league or play-off game then all expenses will be paid from the gate (referees, minor officials, linesmen, security, score keepers, etc.) and the remainder of the gate will be divided equally between the home and visiting team. If a gate is charged at an NRHSAA league game then all expenses will be paid from the gate and the remainder shall be split 60% for the home team and 40% for the visiting team. In the event a play-off game is played at a neutral site then the cost of officials will be shared equally between participating teams. 20. REPORTING SCORES ARTICLE XXVII The home team will report the scores to the Athletic Convener in charge. 3
4 21. OFFICIALS: All officials must be accredited by the Niagara Soccer Association. 22. OFFICIAL RULE BOOK: the Laws of the Game as established by the Ontario Soccer Association (O.S.A.) and International de Football Association (F.I.F.A.) 23. VISITING COACHES are responsible for the following: 1. Have your team at the opposing school at least 20 minutes prior to kick-off. 2. To control the conduct of any spectators accompanying his/her team. 24. SUSPENSIONS ARTICLE XXV Section 1 - Ejection from competition Section 2 - Physical or Verbal Altercation Specifically for soccer: 1. Players suspended in the final game of a season, will serve their suspension the first league game of the following year. 2. Sending off the field due to a red card results in a ONE (1) game suspension. (consistent with the Constitution). 3. With the presentation of a yellow card, the cautioned player must leave the field of play. A substitute player may enter immediately 4. A player who receives (2) two yellow card offenses in a game will receive an automatic (1) one game suspension and no substitution may enter that match. 5. Three (3) yellow cards accumulated by a player throughout the season will result in a one (1) game suspension. The suspension should occur in the game following the third yellow card. The onus is on the coach to sit out the player. Failure to do so could result in the forfeiture of a match. Any further yellow cards constitute an additional one (1) game suspension. 6. A player who is sent off twice in one season will be suspended, for the balance of the season. 7. Any infraction by a player which may warrant a more severe suspension shall be reviewed by a discipline committee consisting of the Convener and two other people selected by the Convener. Said committee has the right to impose further suspensions in keeping with the rules of the O.S.A. 8. Copies of all disciplinary reports relating to incidents which bring the team or school into disrepute will be referred to the Principal or designate. 9. A coach who is dismissed or ejected for severe misconduct during the course of a game will cause his team to forfeit all remaining games in the schedule until such time as the league Convener and Zone Executive review the game report and implement disciplinary measures. 10. As well, all referee assaults verbal or physical will be reported to the OSA 25. STANDING COMMITTEE(S) ARTICLE IX Section 3 - Board of Reference - SANCTIONS AND PROTESTS Procedures Penalties Protests Procedures 26. League Format for NRHSAA ZONE 3 AND 4 Boys Soccer: 1. Length of Games. Games will be of two equal halves. Length of each half will be: Senior - 40 minutes Junior - 40 minutes 2. Half time will be five (5) minutes in duration. 3. Games may be shortened in duration. SUBSTITUTIONS 4
5 Unlimited substitution will be allowed at games from among the prescribed number of players dressed. Substitutions will only be allowed at the following times: 1. At a goal kick. 2. After a goal has been scored. 3. If a player is injured and needs to be replaced at the discretion of the referee. 4. After the half-time interval. 27. League PLAY-OFF format for NRHSAA ZONE 3 AND 4 Boys Soccer: All playoff soccer games shall have a referee and two assistant referees. In team sports where standings are used to determine play-offs, the win/loss achieved against teams that drop out will be taken away (not added) to teams that are still yet to play them. Play-offs will be determined at the Convener s Individual Sport Body Meeting. It is suggested that for A/AA/AAA/AAAA Divisions that have 8 or more schools, top 8 make the play-offs; 6 or 7 school, top 6 make the play-offs; 4 or 5 schools, top 4 make the play-offs; 2 or, all 2 or 3 make the play-offs; 1 school, that school would be the zone representative at SOSSA. All schools participating are to send a representative to the Convener s Individual Sport Body Meeting otherwise forfeit all rights for input in the league and play-off format. 28. TIE BREAKING PROCEDURES when determining a play-off position when a league schedule leads to play-offs: ARTICLE XVIII (1) Record between tied teams; (2) Record against teams higher in the standings (1 above, then 2 above, etc.); (3) Record against teams lower in the standings (1 below, then 2 below, etc.); (4) (a) coin flip to determine play-off position only. The convener will determine a time and location for the coin flip. Schools involved may send the coach or a representative to verify the results. If a school is unable to send a representative the school that is present for the flip will choose heads or tails. If no school is present then the school that is alphabetically ranked highest will have heads in the coin flip (see appendix A1 and A2 for alphabetical listing for each zone). The convener will notify schools involved of the results. (b) Play-off on a neutral field/court or a coin flip for home field if both coaches agree, if it is to determine the final play-off position. (c) In the event of a four way tie, the convener in consultation with the NRHSAA Executive and the schools involved will determine a tie-breaking procedure. METHOD OF BREAKING TIES IN PLAY-OFF GAMES 29. SOSSA INC. BOYS SOCCER: If at the end of regulation time, the score is tied, the tie will be broken by: A. Playing two overtime halves of ten (10) minutes each. (As of October 2013) B. If the score is still tied, penalty kicks taken alternately as prescribed in the F.I.F.A. Laws. Constitution and By-Laws: BOYS SOCCER: pages 1 to 25 of the SOSSA handbook; SOSSA Soccer Regs 1 champion from each Zone will go to SOSSA. The championship will be held in the spring at least one week prior to the OFSAA. Check for that date. 5
6 30. CONVENING SOSSA CHAMPIONSHIPS ARTICLE XXIX 31. Sending TWO teams from SOSSA to OFSAA: Sometimes, SOSSA INC is allowed to send 2 teams (including the host entry) to OFSAA. FROM SOSSA INC. ARTICLE 7 - SECTION 3 - # 11. For all SOSSA INC. Sports, when SOSSA INC. qualifies to enter two (2) teams to the OFSAA tournament: i) the SOSSA INC. champion is an automatic entry; ii) the SOSSA INC. runner-up may be challenged for the second entry by the team losing to the SOSSA INC. champion in the SOSSA INC. semi-finals. UNLESS: a) the challenging team is from the same zone as the runner-up and finished lower in their zone championship; b) the runner-up defeated a team from the same zone as the challenging team, and the defeated team finished higher than the challenging team in their zone championship. (This motion does not cover a host entry) 32. SOSSA HOST TEAM FOR OFSAA CHAMPIONSHIPS: If a school hosts an OFSAA Championship, the school has the first right of acceptance or refusal of the SOSSA Championship for that activity, in the same school year, as the OFSAA Championship. 6
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May/June 2012 Voting
View Single Post
Single Player
Industrial Valley Zone Act 1 by Zipper - 3/10
The first room with the sudden acid rise from nowhere is very cheap and impossible to see coming. The red springs aren't positioned correctly so you have to floor the down key to stop from careening into the acid, and that only works if the camera's in a good enough mood to face ahead of you. The next room isn't much better with a platform that crumbles on touch for no reason. The rest of the map is really boring and what is the deal with that tube room that just sends you in circles endlessly until you decide to give up and backtrack?
Azure Temple Zone by Mystic & Prime 2.0 - 9/10
Challenging without crossing the line into cheap. Not much wrong with it other than that the bubblebuzzes are slightly buggy and the puzzle path doesn't give you any hints that the gargoyle flames can pass through lit switches, which makes the third puzzle very frustrating. However, said third puzzle is very fun once you actually know how to do it. In other news, the colormap makes it almost impossible to tell you added a custom shield in.
Sonic's Schoolhouse by Boinciel - 4/10
no comment
Frozen Hillside Zone Act 2 by Blade - 6/10
The heavy snow gimmick is a bit overdone, and it's not really clear you have to break the ice to move on until I broke it by accident. I liked everything in the ice palace section though, shame it didn't last long.
Chemical Facility Zone Act 2 by CoatRack
- 7/10
Tone down the turrets, please. Especially at the jump up the waterfall near the end, which is hard enough to figure out without the turrets harassing you. The chemical gimmicks are hit and miss, though I liked pretty much everything involving the bouncy orange chemical. The reverse gravity also feels a bit out of place, and the camera has a few issues in those sections. The map in general though is solid and has enough gimmick variety to not be boring.
Lightless Labyrinth Zone by ShadowHog - 1/10
Uh.. to put it nicely, I really don't care for this at all. It drags on way too long, it's overly tedious, the spotlights look really weird, the path tends to be almost impossible to find, anything with the fire guys past the first encounter with them is a massive chore that usually had me noclipping through the door because it was just sooo boring. Seriously, this entire map is just a glorified maze made more frustrating by the inability to see the walls. Even worse are the invisible pitfalls and crushers which you cannot properly judge the size of. You get one point for the boss, but I was really tempted to give this a 0.
Green Match Zone by Root - 0/10
This is unplayable because of the sheer lack of rings and maze-like structure. You didn't place all the weapon panels (not like there's ammo to shoot them with) and there's opaque non-colormapped water hiding death pits.
Marble Zone by CoatRack - 8/10
I wouldn't mind seeing this as a vanilla map. It's very pretty. I'm not a fan of the rail panel being under a really slow crusher. It's a bit too hard to find the way out of the lava pit in that one outdoor section.
Glades of Serenity by Scizor300 - 6/10
It's way too easy to hide here. No, I don't mean camping, I mean "where the hell is the flag carrier" and such. Also, the upper route is pretty boring. It's just a flat path and tends to be easy mode for the flag carrier.
Fungus Forest by RedEnchilada - 5/10
The river here has the same problems as the upper path in Sciz's map, except it also provides some great hiding spots. The rest of the map is fairly meh, and I didn't find the layout terribly interesting.
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Equipment Rentals
In our never-ending mission to promote physical fitness here at Tennessee Tech, the Intramural Sports Office is happy to provide sports kits for rental. Individuals should visit the Intramural Sports Office during regular office hours to reserve and/or pick up equipment.
Depending on available space, spikeball sets and soccer balls may be rented from the Campus Recreation Pavilion during nightly activities.
We currently offered the following sports kits:
Please understand that the individual checking out equipment is responsible for its care and return. If the equipment is damaged, lost, or stolen, the individual will be billed via his or her Eagle Online Account for the replacement or repair of said equipment. An academic hold will also be applied to the student's account, and that individual will be unable to check out Intramural equipment until the bill has been paid.
If you have any suggestions or recommendations for new sport kits, feel free to contact us or stop by the office.


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|Marvel Universe >> View Post
Subj: When was Gregor Russoff retconned into being Werewolf By Night's grandfather?
Posted: Sat Feb 03, 2018 at 03:15:04 pm EST (Viewed 144 times)
Originally Jack Russell's father Gregor was the one who cursed his bloodline with lycanthropy when he read the Darkhold.
When did they retcon it that Jack's father was really Gregor's son instead of Gregor himself?
If Gregor is now Jack and Lissa's grandfather and he's cursed the whole bloodline...then Jack and Lissa's uncle/stepfather Phillip must be a werewolf as well right?
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Home-sharing platform Airbnb has been increasingly under fire through city authorities attempting to limit residential rentals through the online marketplace.
Arguing within the company's defense This kind of week, Airbnb co-founder in addition to Chief Technology Officer (CTO) Nathan Blecharczyk told CNBC in Paris of which This kind of can be largely a result of "misinformation" in addition to hurts ordinary people.
Varying local regulations, which often fine users as well as Airbnb for breaching local rules on property renting, are "punitive" to regular people in addition to hit many users' sources of income, Blecharczyk said during the Organization for Economic Cooperation in addition to Development's (OECD) annual forum This kind of week.
City regulators have been cracking down on the rental service. In Berlin, owners who rent more than half of their properties out without city council permission could face up to $100,000 in fines. Dublin requires planning permission for users who want to change the use of their property for short-term lets. brand new York City's mayor in 2016 signed a bill to fine landlords letting out their properties for less than 30 days, while London requires planning permission for rentals longer than 0 days.
The local officials claim of which houses used for Airbnb renting end up inflating property prices in addition to have a negative impact on the community, while the company's executives say the idea only increases prices "on the margins." Varying metrics examining the platform's market impact have produced conflicting results, although the rise of short-term rentals has taken thousands of houses off the market in individual cities in addition to increased demand in already high-demand areas.


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Welcome to the weekend and Podcast #201. In honor of the Dog Days of August, Jackie and I sit down around the Purtan Dining Room Table to discuss a rather "hot" topic: The difference between Deodorant & Anti-Perspirant - and when is the right (and left) time to use each of them. (The answer might surprise you). Plus... "Memories". They may light the corners of your mind...but are they accurate? Or do we modify them and why?
So take a break from that Lemonade Stand you're running and tune in to Podcast #201. It's so cool you won't need ice cubes.
Have a great weekend and I'll see you back here Monday with my regular blog!


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Hypophysectomy and its effects on male reproductive organs in a wild mammal with annual rut (Citellus).код для вставкиСкачать
RYPOPHYSECTOMY AND I T S E F F E C T S ON NALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS I N A WILD 3lANlf AL W I T H ANNUAL RUT (CITELLUS) L. J. WELLS AND E. T. GOMEZ* Department of Anatomy and Department of Dairy Husbandmy, Universit!y of MissouTi T\\'O TEST F I G U R E S .4XD ONE PLATE ( E I G I I T F I G U R E S ) INTRODUCTION The efTects of liypophysectomy on reproductive organs of male mammals with an annual sexual cycle have not previously been investigated, to our knowledge. The senior author has for several years centered his attention upon ceproductive organs of the male ground squirrel (Citellus triclecemlineatus) with the hope that some knowledge could be gained concerning the factors responsible for cyclic sexual activity (Moore et al., '34; Wells, '33, '35 a, '35 b; Wells and lloore, '36; Zalesky and Wells, '37). These studies indicated that the anterior pituitary gland is definitely related to the aiinual sexual cycle in the male, and this observation was supported by results of gross and microscopical studies of the pituitary gland (Nelson, '36). The object of the present investigation was to determilie the character of sexual activity in males experimentally deprived of their pituitary glands. The present paper is the first of a series of reports concerning hypophysectoniized ground squirrels, and the effects elicited by various hormonal agents in hypophysectomized males mill be considered later by the writers. We wish to thank Dr. Aided by a grant from the Coiiiiiiittee for Research in Problems of Sex, National Research Council. * Contribution froin the Missouri Agricultural Experiiiieiit Station, J o u m s l Series 110. 521. 013 214 L. J. WELLS A N D It. T. GOMEZ Carl R. Moore, Dr. &I. D. Overholser and Dr. C. W.Turner who have critically read the manuscript of this paper ; also, Miss Helen Z. Hunt who drew text figures 1aiid 2. METHODS Seventy operated males and twenty-eight untreated controls were employed in this study, yet reproductive organs froin only thirty-one operated and nine control animals were preserved for detailed study. Early postoperative mortality was high (56% ) ; however, thirty experimental animals lived until sacrifice, occurriiig 3 to 5 months after operation, and only one male reported in table 1 died previous to the date planned by us. Experimental and untreated males were kept in adjacent wire cages placed in a steam heated and skglighted laboratory room. Their diet consisted of mixed grain, Purina dog chow, fresh lettuce, whole milk, salt and water. The surgical technique finally adopted by us, essentially a modification of the method of Smith and White ('31) aiid White ('33), involved an oral approach to the pituitary. The animal, following access to unlinlited food and water, was given an intraperitoneal injection of iiembutal in sufficient quantity t o induce about SOY& narcosis for a period of about 2 hours. Sub-lethal doses that prolonged narcosis f o r a period longer than 2 hours greatly increased the hazards of postoperative recovery. The animal was placed on its back oil the operating board (fig. l), and complete surgical anesthesia was secured by the cautious periodic use of small amounts of ether. The physiological effects of nembutal on blood pressure, and the use of only small quantities of ether, tended to reduce the frequency and severity of hemorrhage. The operating board was then inclined about 20" from the horizontal, so that the animal's head was lower than the rest of the body. This procedure was adopted in order to keep the amount of heniorrhagic blood, flowing by gravity to the larynx, a t a minimum. The mouth was held open by rubber bands, which were looped around upper and lower incisors a i d attached to + o + o o w OROUP NUMBER O F ANIMALS MONTH KILLED SIZE O F PITUITARY FRAGMENTS. ESTIMATED PE& W l i T OF TOTAL HYPOPHYSIS BODY WEIGHT IN QRAYS Weight in grams Quantity of spermatozoa Weight in grams 4 pithelial height 'in' mera o o o o o c Weight in grams Epithelial height in mlcra Weight in grams Epith~lialheight in micra o o o o o c sz u1rp o m rpw LU Weight in grams DUCTUS DEFEBENS EPITHELIAL HEIGHT gg Epithelial height in micra o w Y ? L U P IN MICRA ______. - rpo Epithelial height in micra e 216 1,. J. WELLS AND E. T. GOMEZ the board. The tongue was kept outside the surgical fielcl by mild tension of a rubber band against the lower incisors. The soft palate was bisected inferiosuperiorly as far as the bony palate by means of a scalpel, and the bisected halves were held iii lateral positions by slight tension of rubber bands on blunt wire retractors. Adrenaline chloride was used as a hemostatic agent, when needed, by applying cotton plugs soaked in the solution directly upoii the source of hemorrhage. A circular hole about 1.5 mm. in diameter was bored thi-ough the sphenoid hone, opposite and ventral to the pituitary gland, hy means of a dental drill (fig. 2 ) . The dural sheath was thus Fig. 1 Diagram showing animal n iichoretl t o operating board and pre- p:ire(l f o r pituitary removal. x xo. D 5P R 05 Fig. 2 Diagram showing the oral approach used in pituitary reinoval. TI, drill hole i n sphenoid bone; O.S., 0s sphenoidale; R., retractor; S.P., cut edge of soft palate; T., tongue. X 1. exposed, and its ventral wall was slit with a sharp dissecting needle. The entire pituitary gland, exclusive of the stalk, was removed through a glass canula by negative pressure ; bleeding at this stage was rarely more than slight, but it could be controlled by direct application of adrenaline chloride. One of us watched the fragments of pituitary enter the canula, and estimated the amount of the gland actually removed. Since the surgical field was not a blind one, we could usually tell, by direct observation, the approximate amount of the gland removed. The stalk was occasionally drawn into the opening of the canula, but the magnitude of negative pressure was JIYPOPEIPSECTOMY IN A W l L l ) MAMhlAL 21'7 kept at a level low enough to prevent destructioii of the stalk and injury to the diaphragma sella. The bisected soft palate was then replaced to its normal position without the aid of stitches, and the animal was removed from the operating board. Alnch post-operative care was required t o bring the operated animal through early crises. While still in a state of narcosis, the animal was kept with its head higher than the rest of the body, so that blood and otlier fluids oozing into the nasopharynx would not drain into the larynx. If the animal succeeded in living for 48 hours after the operation, it was likely to live f o r a period of months. Early post-operative mortality was preceded by symptoms suggesting hgpoglycemia, which has been reported in hypophysectomized mammals, particularly when the animals were in a fasting state (Braier, '31; R6, '31; D'Amour and Keller, '33; Fujimoto, '32 ; Corkill, Marks and White, '33 ; Smith, Dotti, Tyndale and Engle, '36; Shapiro and Pincus, '36). As a precautionary measure to prevent the occurrence of hypoglycemic crises, dextrose was injected subcutaneously twice daily for the first 2 days and supplied in the drinking water for a t least 1week. When hypoglycemia had already developed in spite of our precautions, an extra subcutaneous injection of dextrose usually relieved the symptoms. Both operated and untreated males were examined at intervals of about 2 weeks, for the purpose of determining the maci-oscopic condition of their reproductive organs. Testes, epididymides and bnlbar gland were examined by manual palpation, and the presence or absence of scrota1 pigment was observed. At autopsy, the following procedures were used in a'koutiiic manner. The animal was killed with an overdose of chloroform, and weighed. Reproductive organs were removed, weighed while fresh, and fixed in Bouin's picro-acetic-formol solution. A smear of fresh epididymis in physiological saline solution was examined for spermatozoa. The brain was cautiously removed, care being taken to prevent a destruction of the dorsal wall of the dural sheath. The sella tnrcica 11-as 218 L. J. WELLS A N D E. T. GOMEZ macroscopically observed for the purpose of determining whether pituitary fragments existed. Regardless of the resiilts of these macroscopic observations, the sphenoid bone was cai~efullyremoved without disturbing the sella region aiid fised in Bouin's solution. Following fixation, the sphenoid bone was decalcified i n either 1Sluller's fluid or 5 % nitric acid i n alcohol. Serial sections of the sphenoid region were cut at 10 p, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined microscopically for pituitary fragments. The following method for estimating the quantity of pituitary tissue in pituitary fragments was used; this method was suggested to the writers by Dr. R. T. Hill of Yale University, in a personal communication (see also Gomez, Turner, Gardner and Hill, '37). I n serial sections of the sella, the largest seetion of pituitary tissue x7as measured with the aid of an ocular micrometer ; two measurements of the diameter of this section, a t right angles to each other, were made. These two diameters were then reduced t o millimeters. The third dimension was determined in millimeters by counting the total number of the 10-p sections containing pituitary tissue. Estimated volume of the fragment in cubic millimeters was then determined by multiplying the three dimensions. The same proceclure was followed in estimating the total volume of the entire hypophysis of a normal male. Estimated size of the fragment was then expressed a s per cent of the total hypophysis. This method gives no more than an approximate estimate of the size of the fragment. It is probable, however, that the fragments actually contained less pituitary tissue than is indicated by the estimates, and it seems rather certain that the fragments had no more than the estimated volume. Six micra sections of reproductive organs from each of the forty autopsied animals were stained with hematoxylin and eosiii, and studied. Sections of the testis were examined, in order t o determine the character of the germinal epithelium. The qualitative character of secondary sexual organs was microscopically studied and tabulated, while the epithelial height was measured with an ocular micrometer. Five ocular HYPOPHYSECTOMY I N -4 WILD NAMMBL 21 9 measurements of the epithelium mere made, care being taken to avoid areas cut tangentially, and an average of the five readings was recorded. RESULTS Reproductive organs from normal males of this species have been studied previously by one of us at monthly intervals during five complete annual cycles. This experience has made possible the judicious planning of operation and autopsy dates at crucial stages in the sexual cycle. Hypophysectorny performed d u r h g t h e breedi.ng season Four animals hypophysectomized soon after collection from the field in early -4pril survived long enough t o be of interest. One testis of each was removed on the clay of hypophysectoiny and weighed, average testis weight for the group being 0.8175 gm. Epididymis of each contained many spermatozoa which were motile in saline solution. After periods varying from 25 to 36 days, these males were killed. Pituitary fragments mere detectable only in microscopic sections but were present in each animal. The estimated size of fragmenbs ranged from 0.2% to 17.00/0,the average for this group being 6.374 (group A, table 1). The remaining testis of each had undergone regression aiid was found to be small, flabby and abdominal in position. Average weight of testes from operated males was 19.1% as great as the average weight for unoperated controls (groups A and R ) . Testes from operated males contained neither spermatids nor spermatozoa, while those from controls exhibited many (figs. 3 and 4). Accessory reproductive organs of all operated animals i\-erc found at autopsy to have undergone pronounced regression. Both gross and microscopical studies indicated that these organs were essentially similar to those from castrated ground squirrels (Wells, '35 a). The prostate gland normally stoyes no secretion in this species, and for this reason it is perhaps the best indicator of the functional status of the accessory 220 L. J. WICLIJS A N D E. T. GOMEZ reproductive system. Average prostate weight for hppophysectomized males i n group A was 10.8% of that for unoperated controls in group B. Average height of prostatic epithelium in p m i p A was only 41.0% a s great as that in group B. These quantitative differences a r e move strikingly demonstrated by organs that store secretion. F o r example, average weight of seminal vesicles in the control group B was 30.4 times greater tlian that i n the hypophysectomized group A. at i c 11c I- i o (1 Twenty-three males hypophysectomized during October and Koi-ember lived long enough to qualify for our present consideration, i.e., they survived for 3- to 5-month periods until sacrifice which occiirred at a time when each of seven unoperated controls showed spermatozoa. Only four of the twenty-three possessed no trace of pituitary tissue, and lhe other nineteen exhibited small pituitary fragments of varying size. I . Atlailts with i w o l v t r d rcywoductivr orgam. Only one of sis operated adults survived long enough for our consideraIion. This aninial was hypophysectomized on November 22114 at ii time when manual palpation indicated testes to be abdominal in position and accessory organs non-functional. Following a period of 103 days, the male was killed on March 5th. A pituitary fragment estimated to be no more than 12.2% of the total hypophysis was found in serial sections (group I, table 1). Reproductive organs of this hppophysectomized adult failed to inidergo renewed development at the season when it occwrred i n nnoperated males (groups I and L). The testis ~t7assmall, flabby and abdominal in position, and contained iwither spermatids nor spermatozoa (figs. 10 and 9 ) . Testis weight was only 16.3% of the average weight of testes from fi\-e unoperated controls. Accessory organs like-wise failed to inidergo normal cievelopnient, remaining in a non-functional 011 (1it i on. 17yyop hy s is re i n o t*t i 1 d it I- iuq as 11c i (4 w H Y P O P H Y S E C T O M Y I N A WILD M A M M A L 221 2 . I m m a t u r e males. Twenty-two animals operated in October and November, after attaining an age of 5 to 6 months and a body w%ightequivalent to that of mature males, survived long enough (89 t o 155 days) to qualify for consideration. No pituitary fragments were detectable in four males. I n each of these animals the entire reproductive tract was dccidedly immature, while that of unoperated controls was either at a stage of maximal development (testes) or approaching a fuiictioiial peak (accessory organs). These differences are ~.epresentedin table 1, groups K arid L, but the microscopic character of the testes should be mentioned; testes of these hypophysectomized animals invariably showed spermatogonia a i d spermatocytes with apparently normal morphology, but they contained no spermatids or spermatozoa (figs. 5 and 9). Reproductive organs from these four hypophysectomized males scarcely, if at all, were distinguishable from those of normal males killed at the time of hypophysectomy. Therefore, our data suggest that hypophysectomy resulted in no actual regression of reproductive organs, but caused them to remain in the same infantile condition prevailing at the time of operation. Males possessing pituitary fragments. There were eighteen animals of this type. On the basis of sexual development, they fall logically into the two following classes, 1) those failing to produce spermatozoa, and 2) those prodncing spermatozoa. Reproductive organs from twelve of these animals (66.6%) i*esembled,in the main, those from animals with no detectable pituitary tissue. Testes failed to descend to the scrotum, remained small and contained neither spermatids nor spermatozoa (figs. 8 and 9), while accessory organs remained infantile. Detailed observations are presented in table 1, and i*eproductiveorgans from these hypophysectomized males may he compared with those from unoperated animals in the appropriate control groups as follows : groups C and D ; E and F ; H and L. Group averages for the estimated amount of pituitary tissue were 7.5% and 9.776, but estimates for individual animals varied from 2.1% to 21.7%. -7 9.) -I- L. J. WELLS A X D E. T. GOMEZ I n the other six animals (33.3'j/c), testes descended into the Scrotum, attained a large size and produced spermatozoa wl~ich were revealed also in epididymis smears (compare groups G ancl L) (fig. 7). Accessory organs did not attain a breeding condition, but they showed gross and histological signs of stimulation by male hormone. Estimated amounts of pituitary tissue for individual animals varied from 2.3% t o 20.1%. 3. Tmplantation of fresh rat h y p o p h y s r s . Four of the male yround squirrels which were hypophysectomized while immature during November were selected for this experiment because they showed signs of being completely hypopliysectomized. On Februai.p 15th when untreated controls had large scrota1 testes, these four Inales had abdominal testes and f o r this and other reasons Rere thought t o possess no pituitary tissue. On this date, one testis was removed from each; no spermatozoa were found upon microscopical study of sections from these testes. Kach animal received one r a t anterior pituitary daily for 30 days. The anterior lobe was hashed with scissoi*s,suspended in a minimum amount of sterile saline solution and injected intramusciilarly in the legs of the recipient ground squirrel. On the day following the last implantation, March 16th, the ground squirrels were killed. Two of them showing marked stimulation of all reproductive organs were found to actually possess hypophysis fragments of their omn and therefore are not listed in table 1,however, the other two showed 11o hi s t ologically detect able pit 11it a r y fragments in their sellae. I n table 1, reproductive organs from the two completely hppophysectomized males (group J) may be compared with those of groups K and L in which the animals received 110 pituitary implants. It will be seen that the males receiving rat pituitary implants had large testes with spermatozoa (fig. 6) and accessory organs exhibiting signs of stimulation by testicular hormone ; yet, these accessory organs definitely did not attain a functional breeding level. H Y P O P E Y S E C T O M Y I N A WILD iWAJI3IAL 223 DISCUSSION In this study, we have experimentally removed the hypophysis from males of an annually-breeding wild rodent to see the effects on reproductive organs. The surgical approach was such that the operation was not a blind one and the pituitary stalk mas left intact. We have checlred the success of the operation by a study of serial sections of the sellae, and estimated the maximal amount of pituitary tissue possible in cases of incomplete removal. It is probable that many of our incompletely hypophysectomized animals actually had less pituitary tissue than the amount estimated. Results of our experiments indicate that sexual activity in the male ground squirrel is prevented by the absence of the pituitary gland, and that it either may or may not be prevented by incomplete hypophysectomg. The animals with incomplete liypophysectomy are of particular interest, since previously it had been found (Wells, '35 a, and unpublished observations) that the intact pituitary from males of this species has little gonadotropic potency during the non-rutting period; it is certainly noteworthy that six immature inales (33.3%) were able to produce spermatozoa, even though rough estimates indicated that they had no more than from 31.3% t o 20.1% of the entire pituitary gland at autopsy. The above observation makes us feel that the presence of tiny fragments of anterior lobe tissue should not be considered of little import when interpreting results of experiments in which hypophysectomized mammalian males are the test animals. It is true that 66.6% of the immature incompletely hypophysectomized males did not undergo sexual development, but other inales with pituitary fragments as small as in these did. Our data also show that fresh rat hypophyses may induce spermatozoa formation and a release of enough testicular hormone to cause stimulation of accessory organs in immature animals entirely deprived of their own hypophyses (two cases). This has also been accomplished in the intact immature male (Wells and Moore, '36). 22.4 I,. J. WELLS A N D E. T. GOMEZ SVTMMART A N D CONCLUSIONS Sexual developmeiit was prevented by complete hypophysectoniy in immature male ground squirrels ( Citellus tridecemlineatus), and either was or was not prevented in immature animals following incomplete hypophysis removal. It is snggested that the presence of tiny pituitary fragments should not be considered too lightly when interpreting results of experiments in Tvhic+hthe hypophysectomized mammalian male is thc test animal. Incomplete removal during the non-rutting period prevented a renewal of sexual development in one adult. Hypophysectomy for periods of approximately 1 month during the breeding season rendered the reproductive organs atrophic. Daily implantation of fresh r a t hypophyses induced spermatozoa formation in two completely hypophysectomized immature males. L I T E R A T U R E CITED BRAIEEL, R. 1931 Exchanges azotes et glgceinie des chiens hypophysoprives a jeun. Coinp. Rend. Soc. de Biol., T. 107, p. 1195. C'ORKILL, A. R., H. P. MARKSA N D W. E. WHITE 1933 Relation of the pituitary gland to the action of insulin and adrenaline. J. Physiol., vol. 80, p. 193. D'Aivourt, M. C., AND A. D. KELLE 1933 Mood sugar studies following hypophysertoniy and experimental lesions of hypothalamus. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. and Med., rol. 30, p. 1175. PI:JIBIOTO, Y. 1932 Ueber den Einfluss der Hypophyseiiverletzung auf den Rlutzuckerspiegel. Folia Pharmacol. Japon., Bd. 15, S. 10. GOXEZ,E. T., C. W. TURNER, W. U. GARDNF~G AND R. T. HILL 1937 Oestrogeiiic treatment of liypophysectomized male nrice. Proc. Soe. Exp. Biol. and Med., vol. 36, p. 287. HARTMAN, C. G., W. M. FIROR AND E. M. K. GEIL~ING1930 The anterior lobe and menstruation. Am. J. Physiol., vol. 95, p. 662. HOVSSAY, B. A., AND A. BIASOWI1931 The hypophysis, carbohydrate inetabolisin and diabetes. Endocrinol., vol. 15, p. 51 1. ~ ~ O O R FC , , . R., G. F. SIIIMOXS, L. J . WELLS,M. ZALESKY AXD W.0. NELSON 1934 On the control of reproductive activity in a n annual-breeding maminal (Citellus trideceinlineatns). Anat. Rec., vol. 60, p. 279. NEISOX, W.0. 1936 The hyl'ophysis of the ground squirrel (Citellus tridereinlineatus) under normal and experimental ronditions. Anat. Rec., vol. 64, supplement, p. 34. Rk, P. Jf. 1931 Aminoacideinia experimental e hiperglueeniia por inyeceibn de gliroeola eu 10s perros hipofisoprivos. Rev. Soc. Argent. Biol., t. 7, 1'. 503. HYPOPEIYSECTOMY I N A W I L D M I J I J I A L 223 SHAPIRO, R., AND G. PINCUS1936 Pancreatic diabetes aiid hypophysectomy in the rat. Pror. SOC.Exp. Biol. and Med., vol. 34, p. 416. SJIITH, P. E., L. DOTTI, H. H. TYNDALEA N D E. T. ENGLE 1936 Effect of hypophysectoiny 011 blood sugar of rhesus monkeys. Proe. Soe. Exp. Biol. and &led., vol. 34, p. 247. SMITH,P. E., AND W. E. WHITE 1931 Effect of hypophysectomy on ovulation and corpus luteum formation i n the rabbit. J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 97, p. 1861. WELLS, L. J. 1934 Sexual periodicity in the male ground squirrel (Citellus tridecemlineatus). Anat. Rec., vol. 60, supplement, p. 53. 1935 a Seasonal sexual rhythm and its experimental modification in the male of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Citellus tridecemlineatus). Anat. Rec., vol. 62, p. 409. -___ 1935 b Prolongation of breeding capacity in males of an annualbreeding rodent (Citellus tridecemlineatus) by roustaiit low temperature. Anat. Rer., vol. 64, supplement, p. 138. WELLS,L. J., AND C. R. MOORE 1936 Hormonal stimulation of spermatogenesis i n the testis of the ground squirrel. Anat. Rec., vol. 66, p. 181. ZALESI~Y, M., AND L. J. WELLS 1937 Experimental studies of the thyroid. I. Effects of thyroidectomy on reprodurtire organs in males of an annual-breeding grcuud squirrel. Anat. Rec., vol. 69, p. 79. PLATE 1 ESPLANATION OF FIGURES (All sectioiis cut at G p ant1 magnified x 1GO) 3 Normal testis surgically removed from aiiimal 1 lG4 on March 30th. Speriiiatozoa present. 4 Rcmainiiig testis of animal I164 r e i i ~ o r c ~ a lt autopsy 011 May 5th, following :I 3G-day period of hypophysectomy. No spermatids o r spermatozoa were fotiiid. Xoriiial males a t this time of the year have large and spermatic testes. 5 Testis of animal 1112 which was totally hypophysectomized f o r 4 moiiths :nit1 killed on March 16th. No .ipcrmatids o r spermatozoa. C, Testis of airimal 1107 which mas completely hypophysectomized for 4 iiioiitlis. This animal receivcd oiie r a t pituitary daily f o r 30 days preceding autopsy oil March IGth. Rptwnatozoa present. 7 Portion of testis from aiiiinal 1113 mliich nas hypopliysectomized f o r 4 iuoiitlis and killed oil March 16th. A Siil~llpituitary fragiiieiit estimated to bc 110 more thaii 5.3 yo of the entire liypophysis m-as found. Spermatozoa present. 8 Testis of :tnimal 1114 which was hypophysectoinized f o r 4 moiiths a i d killed on March 1Gth. A pituitary fragment estimated t o be no more than 10.9% of tho entire hypophysis was found. No spermatids or spermatozoa. 9 Testis of a. iioriiial male killed March 5th. Spermatozoa present. 10 Testis of aiiiinal 1122 wliich was an adult with involuted reproductive orgaiis nlien Iiypol~hysectomized011 R-ovember 0211d. Aiiimal killed on March 5th. A pituitary fragment estimated t o be iio more tliaii 12.2% of the total liypophysi-, was found. No spermatids or spermatozoa. PLATE 1 HTPOPHYSECTONY I N A WILD MAMMAL Id. J. WE,LLS A N D E. T. GOME2 227 THE A N A T O M I C A L RECOILD, YOL. ($9, ?in. 2


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Sports: Red Wings win; Pistons, MSU Lose
Red Wings
The Red Wings won their 4th straight as they beat Vancouver 5-3 on Sunday. Pavel Datsyuk scored twice to lead Detroit. Gustav Nyquist, Niklas Kronwall and Danny DeKeyser had goals for the Red Wings. Jimmy Howard stopped 30 shots. The Wings are 14-5-5 and will host the Florida Panthers tomorrow.
Detroit Pistons
The Pistons lost to Golden State 104-93. Former Spartan Draymond Green led a balanced attack with 20 points for the Warriors. Kentavious Caldwell-Pope had 23 points and Brandon Jennings scored 22 as Detroit dropped its eighth straight game to fall to 3-and-14. The Lakers are at the Palace on Tuesday.
College Basketball
MSU lost to #11 Kansas 61-56 in the Orlando Classic Championship game. Perry Ellis had 17 points and nine rebounds for Kansas. The Spartans had missed eight straight tries from beyond the arc at one point. Denzel Valentine led the Spartans with 14 points with seven rebounds.
MSU is back on the floor Wednesday at Notre Dame.
Tomorrow, Michigan hosts Syracuse at the Crisler Center.
College Football
The tenth-ranked Michigan State Spartans are waiting to learn their bowl fate after ending the regular season with a 34-10 win over Penn State on Saturday. Michigan State is 10-and-2 and 7-and-1 in the Big Ten.
Meanwhile, Michigan will not be heading to a bowl game after losing to Ohio State 42-28 over the weekend. They were 5-and-7 and 3-and-5 in the Big Ten.
Green Bay took care of the Patriots, 26-21, at Lambeau Field behind 368 yards and two touchdowns from Aaron Rodgers.
Denver beat Kansas City, 29-16, on "Sunday Night Football."
Tonight, Miami tries to stay in the mix for an AFC Wild Card spot tonight at the Jets on "Monday Night Football."
The 8-4 Lions host Tampa Bay this Sunday. Tampa Bay lost 14-13 to the Bengals yesterday to slip to 2-and-10. Detroit is 8-and-4.
MSU Women Win
The No. 16-ranked Michigan State women's basketball team beat Miami of Ohio 85-39. Anna Morrissey had a career high 17. Sophomore Aerial Powers had her fifth straight game with a double-double, finishing with 10 points, 10 rebounds and seven assists while Tori Jankoska added 16 points. Freshman Jasmine Lumpkin scored a career-high 13 for MSU.
MSU Hockey
Michigan State got a 4-2 win over Princeton.


text:
SALT LAKE CITY — Salt Lake County mayors will hold a public hearing to take comments on proposed 2018-19 projects to be funded with federal dollars.
The meeting will take place on April 16 from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. in the Salt Lake County Council chamber, 2001 S. State, first floor, North Building, Room N1-100.
During the meeting, Salt Lake County Mayor Ben McAdams and the mayors of Alta, Bluffdale, Cottonwood Heights, Draper, Herriman, Holladay, Midvale, Millcreek, Murray, Riverton and South Salt Lake will accept comments on the proposed projects and activities to be undertaken with funds under the Community Development Block Grant, the Emergency Solutions Grant, the HOME Investment Partnership Grant and the Social Services Block Grant.Comment on this story
Those who cannot attend the meeting can submit written comments on the plan, which describes expenditures for Community Development Block Grant, the Emergency Solutions Grant and the HOME Investment Partnership Grant.
Copies of the plan can be obtained from the Salt Lake County Division of Housing and Community Development, 2001 S. State, Suite S2100, Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4575 or by calling 385-468-4886. The plan can also be found at slco.org/housing-community-development/public-notices-and-comments.
Written comments be mailed to Community Resources & Development, P.O. Box 144575, Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4575.


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Drama Perfect On Paper Information
- Drama Title: Perfect On Paper
- Alternative Title:
- Status: Ongoing
- Genre: Variety show
- Country: Korean
- Published Date: 2017
- Total Episodes: 11
- Summary:
- Online Video Links: Click Here to Download Perfect On Paper
Download Perfect On Paper episode(s)
Other dramas you may like
Paper Boat tells the tidal relationship between two human beings , namely Kugy and Keenan. Kugy is a tomboy, cheerful, and who believes that he is the agent of the god Neptune. Kugy always have a "ritual" unique, ie writing...
A story of a married couple in short dramas, portraying four unforgettable moments in their lives from their encounter to separation. She (Tokiwa Takako) is the celebrated stage actress of a theatre company and he (Kitamura Kazuki) is a mere person in charge of props, who has secretly burned with love for her for some time. On Christmas eve in 1987, he finally gathers the courage to hand her a slip of paper with his contact details written on it. Observing the bewildered expression on her face, he half gives up and boards the train to go home. However, she is visible from the train window. He sees her standing at the platform looking and smiling at the paper he had passed to her earlier. Love soon blossoms and they get married and have children. They overcome differences and as they near the end of their lives, he makes his wife a last present.
Korean short film about a schoolboy, Hye Sung Won, who struggles with his feelings of inadequacy and tries to rationalize his guilt over a betrayal to his cherished and seemingly perfect friend, Jeong Hyuk Moon.
Despite the fact that she works at a professional matchmaking firm, Hyo Jin cannot seem to find her Perfect match. When it comes to finding matches for other people, her advice is right on; but when it comes to herself...
41-year-old Tamai Shizuru lives with her mother and grandmother in a mountain village in Gifu Prefecture, where she works at a hospital as a receptionist. One day, she goes to the bookstore to buy reading materials for the waiting room. She recalls a picture book which she read many years ago, but she can't recall its title. Luckily, her grandmother knows the title which is "Tsuki ni Inoru Pierrot." Shizuru wants to read the picture book again and ends up ordering the book through an auction site on the internet. While Shizuru reads the picture book, a small piece of paper falls out of the picture book. The piece of paper seems to be a recipe, and Shizuru decides to contact the seller about whether it is okay to discard it. From then on, Shizuru and the seller begin to exchange mail. They have never met before, but the picture book, which they both read when they were young, connects them.


text:
The se involve tighter guide (Pb) specs and products that are practically freed from metallic zinc.
To maintain the integrity of the Pharmaceutical GMP Expert certification, ASQ involves you recertify each a few many years. Discover the measures you'll want to consider for recertification.
The class provides extensive realistic assist and education for the pharmaceutical auditor, which includes a practiced toolkit of skills.
The plant takes base toddler components powder from Fonterra, Westland, and Synlait and provides specialised substances towards the model entrepreneurs' requirements before canning and labelling.
. The impression of CGMP violations will depend on the nature of those violations and on the particular medicines included. A drug manufactured in violation of CGMP may still meet up with its labeled requirements, and the chance which the drug is unsafe or ineffective may be minimal. Consequently, FDA's advice are going to be distinct into the circumstances, and well being care gurus are best in the position to balance threats and Positive aspects and make the proper decision for their patients.
Our publications sort the benchmark for GMP information. We understand what Good Manufacturing Practices counts for you In terms of using the proper techniques all of the time. Here with us you will see
The program is taught with several different situation scientific tests, movies, and interactive classes. It was formulated by a staff of food items security professionals from sector, federal government and academia.
We comprehend the level of professionalism needed to make sure good results. We have been pleased with our accomplishments but normally strive to lift the bar and greatly enhance our providers to make certain our customers are fully happy.
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Whether It is really from the information or in each day conversation, it's not unusual to hear somebody say, "The dietary complement field? No way is regulated more than enough," yet these opinions and statements couldn't be additional from the reality!
People who have earned their CGMP have attained the very best designation obtainable that may be specifically for government meeting specialists.
have a pristine file, it's (arguably) just as crucial that you learn the way that maker or corporation responded
By creating a work surroundings that fosters inclusion, obligation and cooperation, we appeal to various smart individuals who in a position to develop and achieve their whole probable.
The CGMP regulations for medication include minimum prerequisites for that methods, amenities, and controls Utilized in manufacturing, processing, and packing of a drug products. The restrictions make sure that a product is safe for use, Which it has the substances and energy it statements to acquire.
cGMP Guidelines - An Overview
The se involve tighter guide (Pb) specs and products that are practically freed from metallic zinc.


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Though a bit wordy, this is a good article on the impact of marketing/selling via social media vs sharing/building relationships with "like-minded" people.
Thus, the process of Know, Like and Trust speeds up.
I suggested read for the weekend - "How to Win Friends and Influence People" by Dale Carnegie.


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Beetroot Gnocchi With Spicy Coconut Sauce (First Video Post!)
Indian Simmer
Tue, 4 Mar 2014 21:15:00 +0000
Beetroot Gnocchi with Spicy Coconut Sauce from IndianSimmer on Vimeo. Rubbing those sea deep brown eyes, in his arms, the butterfly and her papa entered the kitchen. I was straining his tea and prepping to warm up her milk when they sneaked from behind and hugged me. Landed countless "monster puchis" (those big fat kisses, the butterfly nomenclatured so) on either of my cheeks and got a family group hug in response. Although the very next moment was not something they were used to for the past couple weeks. The rushing look on my face told them that the party was over and we are back to business! First day back to school, work and the daily grind. A disappointed sigh and then off to the drill. Stepping out the doorstep the butterfly cried a little in agitation and if he could then her papa would have done the same. "Just a couple days with your friends at school before we leave for our big India trip and Mama's (uncle, mum's brother) wedding!", I tried to console her which still wasn't enough. Yet off they went with a droopy face. I don't blame them, a two week long break, away from all the "man made" craziness of life does that to you. This break was specially relaxing for the husband who between his school, work and "chores" barely finds time to satisfy his passion - photography. Not sure if enough people know but he is the photographer in the family. Abhishek is the one who started me with the basics. He was the one who brought the first DSLR home and he's definitely more educated about the techniques than I am. Only if he had more time, although he says, "one day!". So for this winter break, since unlike every year we were not away on a long trip we decided to play around with something we wanted to do together for a while. We tried our hands on videography. Or more like he tried his hands on videography as I was always in front of the camera, which just for the record is SO boring! But together we were able to create something for you. For our first video together, we thought it would only be appropriate to share a recipe that the two of us created together and have been enjoying for a couple years now. The recipe started with me wanting to try my hands at making gnocchi, one of our favorite dishes. With time a simple gnocchi evolved and got the color and flavors we enjoy as a family. I was hoping to share this post before we hopped on a plane to leave on a month long trip to India. A trip which was supposed to be very special and turned out to be nothing less. We were to join a very special person in my life for a very special occasion in his life. My little brother, my partner in crime and my best friend was getting married! I was thrilled and then amongst all the excitement, planning and preparation, this post went on a back burner. We put it on simmer and left for India. But now we are back and it has been cooked to something of our liking so I am sharing it today with you. The recipe here for beetroot gnocchi makes double the quantity suitable for the amount of sauce. I usually save one half of the dough for later. You can either do that OR reduce the gnocchi recipe to half OR can also double the recipe for sauce if your are entertaining a larger crowd. Ingredients: For Beetroot Gnocchi: Serves 6 500 grams russet potato (yields 2 cups mashed potatoes) 230 grams beets (yields 3/4 cups beetroot puree) 2 1/4 cup all purpose flour + extra for dusting 1 large egg 1/2 teaspoon salt For Spicy Coconut Cream Sauce: Serves 3-4 2 tablespoon unsweetened grated coconut (fresh or dry, dessicated) 1 tablespoon ground almond 1 bay leaf 1 1/2 teaspoon ground coriander 1 teaspoon chili powder 2 tsp grated ginger 1-2 cloves garlic, grated salt 1 cup coconut milk Method: For Beetroot Gnocchi: Pre heat the oven to 350 deg. F. Wash the beetroots. Pat dry. Chop the leaves and ends off. Drizzle with olive oil. Bake for 30-35 minutes until fork tender. Pull out of the oven. Let cool before peeling the skin off. Chop. Puree in a blender or food processor. Set aside to cool. Boil water in a sauce pan. Peel potatoes. Chop into chunks.Boil in water until cooked through. Strain water. Mash potatoes using a masher or food mill leaving no lumps. Set aside to cool. On a clean counter top bring all the ingredients of gnocchi together. Mix well and while dusting occasionally, knead into a smooth soft dough, dry to touch. Divide into two parts. Wrap one half and save for later. Divide the other half into 3-4 smaller portions. Roll into long dowels about 3/4 inch in diameter. Cut into 3/4-1 inch long dowel pieces. Flick pieces into the back of a fork or gnocchi maker. Boil a pot of salt water. Add 2 tablespoon oil. Drop the gnocchi. Cook for a few minutes. Once cooked gnocchi float to the surface of the water. Fish them out. Collect in a dish. For the Spicy Coconut Cream Sauce: In a medium hot pan, dry roast ground almond and coconut for a few minutes until the coconut turns golden in color. Add bay leaf followed by ground spices and salt. Quick roast for 10-15 seconds. Add salt followed by coconut milk. Mix everything well together. Simmer on low heat for a minute. By now the gnocchi should be cooked. Add to the sauce. Toss to coat gnocchi with sauce. Serve immediately with your choice of wine.
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Indian Kurtis Online Shopping
The Traditional Indian Wear Boutique
In earlier days' people do love to make shopping by going to the local markets. But, as technology develops, the concept of marketing is also changing according to that. As Salwar suits are the most preferable costumed by the Indian women, nowadays they love to go for the service of Top-Quality Salwar Suits Online Shopping India. By going with this facility they make the buying process quite easier than ever and they don't have to ru
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Indian Kurtis Online Shopping with Discounts is the best option for shopping with ease. Huge demand of Kurtis among the Indian women and also among the women from other countries leads some of the online portals to start their business and fulfill the demand of people by providing them with the best and qualitative materials. By searching in internet one can easily find these online service providers. These online stores have numerous designs
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Salwar suit is the traditional garment in Indian culture. It is one of the most favorite garments among the Indian women who always prefer to wear it because of its comfort and beauty. By the addition of the latest fashion to this traditional outfit, salwar suit has become one of the attractive dresses to be used today. It increases the beauty of a lady. Because of its popularity, you can now get the opportunity to buy salwar suit online India from various online boutiques. These web-based store
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