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Apparatus for avoiding sedimentation
Apparatus for avoiding sedimentation
Patent Drawings:
(4 images)
Date Issued:
April 1, 1997
August 17, 1994
Frei; Alexandra S.
(8405 Winterthur, CH)
Primary Examiner:
Soohoo; Tony G.
Assistant Examiner:
Attorney Or Agent:
Farley; Walter C.
U.S. Class:
Field Of Search:
International Class:
U.S Patent Documents:
Foreign Patent Documents:
1280220; 195132; 803981; 1253889; 1459702; 1551408; 944911
Other References:
Apparatus for preventing formation of a sediment layer at the bottom of a tank containing a liquid mixture such as crude oil, refinery products and petrochemical products which tends to form a precursor in the form of a thickening precipitation zone above the bottom. The deposit of sediment is prevented by disturbance of the precipitation zone. The disturbance is created in the form of an overall disturbance pattern with local disturbance regions with vibrating bodies such as strings or bells strings excitable to vibrate and immersed in the liquid mixture. Exciting elements including push and pull units cause the strings or bells to vibrate in fundamental and harmonic overtones and deflect components of the mixture as a function of the amplitude of said sound wave components.
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for agitating a selected region of a container containing a quantity of liquid having a tendency to stratify and thicken in a precipitation zone above a bottomof the container and precipitate into sediment at the bottom of the container, the apparatus including
a plurality of elongated vibratory strings immersed in the liquid;
means for supporting said elongated strings in said precipitation zone in a predetermined pattern and for holding said strings under a predetermined level of tension, said means for supporting including
first and second support arms (H, H');
first and second ones of said strings extending generally parallel to each other between opposite ends of said support arms;
means for mounting said support arms intermediate the ends thereof with said arms spaced apart and generally parallel with each other; and
one end of each of said first and second ones of said strings being attached to opposite ends of said first arm, the other ends of said first and second strings being attached to the other ends of said arms so that said strings are substantiallyparallel with each other;
means adjacent said strings for repeatedly exciting said strings into vibration including means for laterally stretching and releasing said strings positioned substantially midway along the lengths of said strings to stretch and release saidfirst one of said strings, causing said first string to vibrate, said second one of said strings being excited into vibration sympathetically to create waves of energy to agitate the liquid and prevent sedimentation thereof.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means for stretching and releasing includes push and pull units fixedly mounted at the bottom of the container.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said predetermined pattern includes a first plurality of strings in substantially parallel relationship and a second plurality of strings substantially perpendicular to said first plurality.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said means for stretching and releasing includes push and pull units (6), said strings vibrating in fundamental and harmonic vibrations to produce sound waves and wherein components of the mixturesdeflect said sound waves as a function of sound wave amplitude and agitate components of the mixture in which said strings are immersed as a function of sound wave amplitude.
This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for avoiding sedimentation from liquid phases or the thickening of liquid phases or liquid mixtures such as oils, crude oil, refinery products and petrochemical products.
During the storage of liquid phases such as oils, crude, refinery products and other petrochemical products, undesired sedimentation and thickening often occurs which will be discussed hereinafter in connection with the particular deposit-formingexample of crude oil.
The liquid phase of crude oil is a mixture mainly consisting of hydrocarbons such as paraffins, aromatics and naphthenes, which are also accompanied by non-hydrocarbons or so-called impurities such as mud, water, dissolved salts, sulphurcompounds, sand, etc. In certain circumstances prior to processing in refineries, the crude undergoes rough refining processes for the separation of impurities. It is then generally customary to store the crude oil to be processed and also theprecleaned crude oil in large tanks. This involves holding times of varying lengths, which can be quite long in the case of stockpiling, and much shorter for operation-based storage locations.
Long holding times especially favor undesired deposit formation from crude in tanks. These deposits can be of different types, being e.g. favored by emulsions of water with hydrocarbon fractions, or can consist of segregates of heavy hydrocarbonfractions (hard waxes) or settled mud or salts. The result is a kind of oily mud which accumulates and is compressed on the bottom of tanks and leads to high costs and losses and which is referred to loosely as sludge.
Costs and losses are caused because the oil sludge reduces the capacity of the tanks and also binds crude oil or, in some cases, largely consists of thickened crude. Thus, apart from the costly space loss in the tank, storage leads tosignificant loss of raw material. In addition, the lost space cannot be recovered again if the sludge is stored in closed systems, i.e. tanks made available for this purpose, the undesirable alternative being a final storage which is prejudicial to theenvironment if the sludge is dumped into open pits or basins. In large tanks with a diameter up to 100 m, a height of 20 m and a corresponding capacity, sediment thicknesses of 1 to 2 m lead to a 5 to 10% capacity loss. In addition, the service andoperation of the tanks is often made difficult because the oil sludge clogs the pumps, outflows from tanks have to be filtered, etc. Finally, down-times are linked with the removal of the oil sludge. If the oil sludge is not removed, it accumulatesfurther and finally leads to the abandonment of sludged-up storage containers and the construction of new tanks. Apart from these storage costs the unprocessed oil sludge also represents a loss because, despite its impurities, it largely consists ofutilizable hydrocarbons.
Several solutions are known for removing sediments from crude in tanks and two examples will now be given.
1) A first solution is proposed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,436,263 and French Patent 22 11 546, where cleaning substances are used for dissolving, or removing in bound form, the oil sludge. A disadvantage of this method is that, due to the cleaningsubstances which have been introduced, the liquified oil sludge is no longer usable because its composition has been changed by the additives and it must be disposed of in dumps or elsewhere. Such dumps are e.g. old tanks or so-called wasteland andconstitute a serious pollution of the environment. Reprocessing of oil sludge is consequently not desirable using this method which, instead of combating the problem it only combats the effect. However, it is still possible to clean and reuse thetanks. The essential reason why the dissolved oil sludge cannot be processed is that the cleaning substances used represent impurities for processing in refineries, whose separation by standard cleaning methods involves great effort and is expensive anddoes not bear a positive relationship to the recovered crude.
2) Another solution is proposed in European Patent 160,805, wherein hydrokinetic energy is used in order to dissolve, or suspend back into the liquid phase by means of turbulence, sedimented residues in tanks. Thus, oil sludge dissolved by crudeas the dissolving substance can be returned to the process and processed in the refinery following standard cleaning procedures. This method does not prevent the formation of oil sludge but instead merely eliminates it. For this purpose, plannedturbulence or eddy flows are generated, whose successive remote action is able to dissolve the deposits in an effective manner, even outside the direct injection zone. However, this requires a considerable investment. Mechanically moving componentswithin the tanks, such as e.g. rotary liquefying lances, which hydro-kinetically activate the oil sludge and dissolve it in crude represent considerable expense. Thus, although this method leads to a high oil sludge recovery level, it is expensive. Under extreme environmental conditions, e.g. in sand or ice desert regions, this is undesired.
An object of the invention is to provide a method for largely avoiding the deposit of sediments from liquid phases or thickening in liquids or liquid mixtures such as oils, crude, refinery products and petrochemical products.
A further object is to provide such a method which is simple and safe to carry out, which is important because as a rule the storage units are monitored either little or not at all.
The basic principle of the invention is based on the observation that the precipitation from liquid mixtures, such as from crude in tanks, forms a "Precursor", i.e. a preliminary event, in the form of a precipitation or thickening zone ofprecipitation which ultimately settles in the bottom of the tank, initiating oil sludge formation and causing increasing sedimentation. The formation of this precursor can be influenced or prevented by a relatively small disturbance or perturbation, sothat deposit formation is suppressed. This precursor of sedimentation from crude comprises crude oil thickening in a precipitation zone, which "floats" or stratifies, so to speak, above a bottom surface of the tank. Crude constituents coagulate andpolymerize in this zone of continuously increasing viscosity and are deposited in the form of sediments or the like and collect on the bottom of the tank as re-utilizable oil sludge and therefore form a slowly rising bottom surface over which theprecursor continues to act.
According to the invention, the sedimentation from mixtures such as crude, as well as other oils, is avoided by disturbing this precursor. As opposed to a per se sensible crude recovery from the sediment, this constitutes a type of preventiontechnology which reduces or prevents the formation of sludge. This approach differs from the solutions given above because there is no oil sludge disposal; instead, formation of the disadvantageous oil sludge is prevented.
Most sludge formation is due to a type of gelling of the crude, which thickens and, during thickening, can be redissolved by stirring or agitating. During this phase, no dilution by additional crude is required. However, in large tanks, asimple effective mechanical agitating or stirring system is, as a practical matter, substantially impossible so that it is necessary to find another form of planned disturbance appropriate to the enormous tanks which takes advantage of any thixotropicproperties of the fluid and prevents formation or continued existence of the precursor.
According to the invention, this is achieved by the formation of energy-transporting, travelling, transverse waves in the pre-sedimentation zone, which includes the precursor of the settled oil sludge, by vibrations or oscillations of disturbancemeans. Simple, maintenance-free disturbances, such as vibrations, are advantageously obtained by using mechanical vibratory bodies such as strings, bell-shaped diaphragms and the like, which are oscillated to introduce disturbance energy into theprecursor of the sediment or deposit layer. Crossed strings, e.g., permit a good distribution of energy-rich antinodes at regions of strings where the deflection constantly decreases towards the fixing points. The same applies for bell-shapeddiaphragms. Their oscillations form sound waves which excite the liquid phase in the tanks. The excitation of the strings and/or the diaphragms takes place with suitable devices which are slowly moved backwards and forwards by means of a reciprocatingdrive such as a crank. Strings are re-stimulated into oscillation by means of excitation elements at given intervals, after which they oscillate and transmit disturbance energy. Diaphragms are re-struck by striking elements at predetermined timeintervals after which they oscillate and transmit disturbance energy. Such devices are substantially maintenance-free, robust, mechanically simple and easy to control.
The practical realization of the method according to the invention is advantageous because the disturbance of the precursor and the consequent prevention of sedimentation take place with a much lower expenditure for material and labor thanrecovery of crude oil or components thereof from sediment which has already been allowed to form and can, in particular, be performed with simple, proven and functionally robust equipment. A further advantage of the method is that the position andextension of the precursor, i.e., its location, can be specified and disturbance apparatus can be installed in a planned manner in the vicinity thereof, usually slightly above the bottom of the tank.
Details of the method according to the invention are described in greater detail hereinafter with reference to the following drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation, in section, of a tank with a settling zone and a sediment layer;
FIG. 2 is a plan view, in section, of a tank;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a disturbance pattern in the form of a three-dimensionally arranged pattern of disturbance regions;
FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of a disturbance pattern in the form of two-dimensionally arranged pattern of disturbance regions;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a tank with the first embodiment of a disturbance pattern according to FIG. 3 superimposed thereon;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the tank of FIG. 2 with the second embodiment of a disturbance pattern according to FIG. 4 superimposed thereon;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a disturbing apparatus of the method according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the first embodiment of a disturbing apparatus of the method according to FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a disturbing apparatus of the method according to the invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the second embodiment of a disturbing apparatus for the method according to FIG. 9;
FIG. 11a is a schematic front view of an embodiment of a drive for a push and pull unit having a crank gear to drive excitation elements;
FIG. 11b is a side view of the drive of FIG. 11a;
FIG. 12a is a schematic side elevation of a preferred embodiment of a disturbance means in the form of an oscillatory string system with a first embodiment of a stretching device;
FIG. 12b is a schematic side elevation of the device of FIG. 12a showing how the oscillating string system and its stretching device are stretched following contact with an excitation element;
FIG. 12c is a schematic side elevation of the device of FIGS. 12a and 12b showing how the oscillating string system and its stretching device oscillate after excitation by an exciting element;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a disturbing means in the form of an oscillating, bell-shaped diaphragm;
FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a stretching device for oscillating string systems; and
FIG. 15 is a schematic plan view of a third embodiment of a stretching device for oscillating string systems.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation in longitudinal section through a tank having a diagrammatically represented precipitation zone 4.2, which is the above-discussed precursor, over a sediment layer 4.1. Tank T is a symmetrical cylinder with anapproximately planar bottom 1, an annular wall 2 and a floating roof 3. The capacity of such a tank T can be 100,000 m.sup.3 or more. Floating roof 3 is used for safety reasons, so as to permit the escape of volatile, flammable fractions of storedcrude 4 from tank T and therefore prevent the formation of explosive mixtures within the tank. When tank T is wholly or partly filled, the roof floats directly on the crude 4. However, the method according to the invention can obviously also be used ina tank having a fixed roof.
FIG. 1 shows the sediment or deposit layer 4.1 and a thickening, precipitation zone 4.2 above it. The sediment 4.1 can, e.g., comprise emulsions of water with hydrocarbon fractions, or segregates of heavy hydrocarbon fractions (hard waxes) orthickened crude or segregates of mud, sand, salts or rust and forms a deposit ranging in viscosity from a hard deposit to a thick oily mud generally known as sludge, which has settled on the bottom 1 of the tank T. These sediments 4.1 come from aprecipitation zone 4.2 which thickens toward the bottom 1 of tank T and which floats above the bottom surface of the tank T, where it has a higher density than the crude oil 4 originally introduced into the tank above the sediment-forming zone. Observations have shown that the vertical thickness of sediment-forming zone 4.2 in such a tank can be up to 1 meter and is dependent on several difficult-to-determine parameters, such as the composition of the crude 4, the ratio of the hydrocarbonfractions, e.g., subdivided into paraffins, aromatics and naphthenes, as well as the proportion and nature of the impurities, e.g., the quantity of water or sludge.
As stated, this thickening sedimentation zone 4.2 is a type of precursor for the sediment from crude 4. Thickening crude is a thixotropic mixture which changes from a viscous to a less viscous, liquid aggregate state when it is mechanicallyagitated. Thickening precipitation zone 4.2 forms as soon as a specific minimum or critical quantity of crude in a tank T has found a specific, metastable equilibrium, considered over a period of time.
The critical crude quantity is typically that which permits the formation of a precipitation zone 4.2. A metastable equilibrium occurs, as a function of the nature and manner of the supply, the supply capacity and also the duration of the crudesupply (with or without disturbances) in the tank and this generally occurs after only a few weeks.
The crude in tank T can be influenced by external forces. One of these external forces, which cannot be suppressed, is gravity. Certain constituents of the crude 4 which thicken, coagulate and polymerize in a metastable precipitation zone 4.2undergo a specific density rise with time in such a way that, under the action of gravity, they precipitate in precipitation zone 4.2 near the bottom surface of tank T so as to form bottom deposit 4.1. The possibilities of the coagulation,polymerization and precipitation of crude components 4 vary widely in accordance with the large variation range in composition of such a mixture and lead the deposit constituents into a stable equilibrium in the form of sediments or deposits 4.1 or oilsludge. Similar mechanisms of precipitation apply to other substances forming liquid phases.
This interaction of gravity with the precipitation zone 4.2 apparently fluctuates. Thus, there is an expansion and spatial positioning of precipitation zone 4.2 relative to the bottom surface of the tank T, i.e. zone 4.2 takes on the form of aneventual sediment layer. The statistical composition of the upper portion of sediment layer 4.1 influences corresponding structures of the upper and lower surfaces of the precipitation zone 4.2. The growth of sediment layer 4.1 is accompanied by a moreor less constant thickening of precipitation zone 4.2 (see FIG. 1).
According to the invention, the sediment from mixtures such as crude, refinery products and petrochemical products in tanks T is avoided by disturbing the metastable precipitation zone 4.2 by external forces, so as to prevent coagulation andpolymerization of components of the mixtures. Based on studies of the position of forming sedimentation, discovered by methodical sounding of intentionally permitted sediment formation and studying this formation and the extension or expansion of theprecursor or precipitation zone 4.2 within the container, it is possible to apply to a tank T disturbing means having a planned action thereon. This method is illustrated in detail by FIGS. 2 to 4 using the example of crude oil. By "disturbing" it ismeant that equilibrium in liquid is unbalanced by disturbing means such as vibrations. In particular, creating a disturbance leads to such agitation that thixotropic characteristics of any liquids in the mixture cause the thickening tendencies of themixture to reverse, particularly, in the present invention, in a selected layer of the mixture.
Two advantageous embodiments of disturbing apparatus for the method are shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 in which the disturbance is brought about by producing energy-transporting, travelling waves by vibrations or oscillations in tank T and exciting thecomponents of the mixture in pre-sedimentation or precipitation zone 4.2. These oscillating components are moving and the precipitation zone 4.2 undergoes thorough mixing as a result of the incompressibility of the particles. FIGS. 11 to 15 showembodiments of disturbance means, a drive for the push and pull units for exciting purposes, as well as stretching devices for disturbance means in the form of oscillating strings.
FIGS. 2 to 6 schematically show the method according to the invention in a plan view of part of a tank T (FIG. 2), the design of the disturbance pattern S in two embodiments (FIGS. 3 and 4) and the superimposing of the disturbance pattern S withthe tank T (FIGS. 5 and 6).
As is usually the case, in FIG. 2 the tank T is cylindrical and has a circular diameter of several tens of meters and a height of up to 20 m. In such an enormous container there is disturbance zone having a vertical thickness of approximately 1 mwhich according to the concept of an overall disturbance pattern S, i.e. a disturbance model, is formed from a plurality of local disturbance regions L. This disturbance zone is advantageously created with a substantially constant disturbance height ofabout 0.5 meter above the bottom with a .+-.50 cm vertical disturbance action. The disturbance zone thus extends down to the bottom 1 of the tank T and has a volume of up to several thousand m.sup.3 (bottom surface area.times.the vertical height of thepropagation of the disturbance). The disturbance of the precipitation zone 4.2 is, according to the invention, brought about by oscillations or vibrations and they are advantageously produced by means of strings or bell-shaped diaphragms located in theinterior of the tank T. Thus, the disturbance model links and optimizes the shape of the tank T with that of the propagation of the vibrations in mixtures. With increasing knowledge of the action, specific disturbance models can be stored in a computerand can be modified and outputted as a function of the particular container, content, shape and environmental influences. According to the details of the optimized disturbance model it is then possible to select and design disturbance apparatuses.
In the first embodiment according to FIG. 3 the disturbance pattern S is shaped like a three-dimensional pattern of disturbance regions L and forms a two-layer, symmetrical arrangement of equidistant disturbance zones having generally parabolicor bulging shapes. The two layers of disturbance parabolas intersect at right angles and are suitable for long strings to be fitted and excited in the interior of the tank T in much the same way as two enormous harps, whose antinodes are superimposed inan optimum manner in this way. They are formed as strings having lengths up to 100 m which are excited by excitation elements, oscillate in fundamental and harmonic oscillations and agitate the components of the crude oil 4 as a function of the size ofthe amplitude of the sound waves, thereby producing a mixing action.
The second embodiment of a disturbance pattern S according to FIG. 4 forms a two-dimensional pattern of disturbance regions L, which are designed as substantially equidistant, equally large disturbance circles. They are suitable for suitablydimensioned bell-shaped diaphragms which are installed and excited within tank T. Details concerning the construction of such disturbance means are given in connection with FIGS. 7 to 14.
The perturbation or disturbance regions L are preferably installed with optimum reciprocal spacing corresponding to the disturbance model, so that they are not too close together or too far apart and, in the disturbance zone between them, noundisturbed volume of the precipitation zone 4.2 can form. The sizes of the disturbance circles in FIGS. 3 and 4 do not represent the limits of the disturbance action of local disturbance regions L but rather merely indicate that each disturbance regionL is designed in an "active" manner. It must also be borne in mind that the disturbing flows subsequently to be produced are propagated through the medium and therefore have a certain long-range action, which is greater than the external design limitsof disturbance regions L and is also greater than the physical extension of the subsequently produced disturbance means.
To the extent possible, disturbance is to take place in a homogeneous manner and should fill the entire volume of interest. It is made local by means of the disturbance regions L and overall or global by means of the disturbance patterns S, witha view to preventing the formation of the precipitation zone 4.2 by means of such a disturbance zone. It is possible to form several geometries of disturbance patterns S, e.g. three-dimensional structures, which have closely packed disturbance regionsL. The disturbance regions L need not be of the same size and it is possible to combine weaker and stronger disturbance regions L, which can be provided at regular or irregular intervals, e.g., longer or shorter, thick or thin, strings. It is thereforepossible in this way to overcome difficult geometry conditions in a tank T where round walls, which consequently have a "stronger" design, must be disturbed. In addition, the disturbance regions L need not be symmetrical and can instead also be randomlyarranged disturbance regions with individual disturbance capacities and geometries, which have a sufficiently long range to form interfering, overlapping disturbances, which in turn have a volume-filling, homogeneous design. Even the symmetricaldisturbances can vary widely. Thus, the disturbance regions can be of a wide-range nature like flat disks, which are only uniform in one disturbance plane (e.g. sinusoidal and circular) or non-uniform (e.g. elliptical) and which here again act only inthe predetermined disturbance height. This is advantageous, because the precipitation zone 4.2 to be prevented is relatively flat and shallow. With the knowledge of the invention, the expert is provided with numerous possibilities for the design oflocal disturbance regions L and overall disturbance patterns S.
The design of the disturbance pattern S can be brought about with standardized disturbance regions L in the form of a drawing board or on the computer as a disturbance model. An advantageous tool for this purpose is electronic data processing,where complete libraries of models can be built up, field experience can be stored and converted into sets of parameters. The disturbance patterns S and disturbance regions L are then selected from a set of standardized, proven forms and, in accordancewith the parameters to be fulfilled, are matched to the given geometry of the tank T or the nature of the crude 4.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show a way in which this can be done. In FIGS. 5 and 6 the disturbance patterns S according to FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively, are superimposed on the surface area of the tank T according to FIG. 2, so that the numerous disturbanceregions L within the disturbance zone within the tank T can be produced by means of disturbance apparatus. The disturbance pattern S is projected onto the geometry of the tank T, there being no need to proceed in a categorical manner and insteadprojection can take place as a function of the type and extension of the disturbance regions L. Thus, in FIG. 5 two layers of bulging disturbances L have amplitudes which are short compared to the lengths of the vibrating strings which produce them sothat they "fit" into tank T. However, in FIG. 6 certain of the disturbance region locations L within the surface area of the tank T are not used; only those disturbance regions L found to be necessary for a specific geometry of tank T are created by thedisturbance apparatus.
The disturbance zone comprises a volume defined by the surface area of the tank T and a disturbance depth and includes the precipitation zone to be disturbed. For this purpose the disturbance regions L are advantageously realized as disturbanceapparatuses in the form of strings or bell-shaped diaphragms. Each string or bell-shaped diaphragm is an actual local disturber with a local disturbance volume.
FIGS. 7 and 8 schematically show a first embodiment of a disturbance apparatus V functioning according to the method of the invention. FIG. 7 is a plan view and FIG. 8 a side view. The geometries of the disturbance apparatus V with theirdisturbance means 8 and the tank T are adapted to one another, so as to achieve an optimum, i.e. volume-filling, homogeneous disturbance. The disturbance apparatus has excitable disturbance means 8 in the form of strings. In the tank T, the disturbancemeans 8 are arranged as equidistant, strings of different lengths supported at two constant disturbance heights 9, 10 above the bottom 1 of tank T, e.g. at a height of 40 cm (lower disturbance height 9) and a height of 80 cm (higher disturbance height10). The disturbance zone covers the entire surface area of the tank T. With a disturbance action of .+-.50 cm, the zone extends down to the bottom 1 of tank T and encloses precipitation zone 4.2 the formation of which is to be disturbed or prevented.
The stretched strings of this embodiment of the disturbance apparatus V are excitable by means of exciting elements 5 by means of two push and pull units 6. The strings are advantageously excited to oscillate or vibrate in the centers of theirlengths, i.e., about midway along their lengths. Such exciting elements 5 can be mandrels or spring-back striking means, which are fitted to push and pull units 6. The stationary or slightly vibrating strings are excited by moving the exciting elements5 backwards and forwards. The exciting elements 5 are moved up to the strings to be excited, which are deflected, stretched (by plucking) and released substantially midway along the lengths of the strings. The exciting element 5 moves away from thestrings allowing the string to vibrate in an undisturbed manner. The strings, their stretching devices and the push and pull unit 6 for the exciting elements 5 are advantageously fitted in several planes, so that the vibration of the strings and themoving backwards and forwards of the push and pull units 6 with the exciting elements 5 do not interfere with each other.
As a function of their lengths, the strings can be stretched to varying extents and can also be of different thicknesses. They are made from stiff materials of metals such as steel, copper, alloys and possibly plastic and metal-coated plastics. The prerequisite is that the materials are resistant to attack by the crude oil 4 and can be vibrated. Despite tension and lift, long strings must not sag to such an extent that they are in contact with the bottom 1 of the tank T or another layer ofstrings. More details concerning the strings, their excitation and the stretching device are provided in connection with FIGS. 12, 14 and 15.
Push and pull units 6 have rigid members (rods, plungers) or movable members (chains which can be pushed/pulled), which slide in slotted, tubular guides or the like and exciting elements 5 for plucking or striking are attached thereto for thepurpose of exciting the strings. In this first embodiment, push and pull units 6 are at right angles to one another and run linearly in two planes and are movable by means of crank-operated, fluid-operated or gear-operated drives positioned outside tankT. Details concerning an advantageous embodiment of such a drive are provided in the description of FIG. 11. Push and pull units 6 are typically mounted on stands or similar devices connected to the slotted, tubular guides at the bottom of tank T andthe rigid or movable members can be led to the outside through the floating roof 3 by means of passages 11 through wall 2, at the bottom 1 or the top of tank T. For safety reasons, passage 11 must be tight, so that push and pull units 6 can be operatedwithout any escape of liquid components of the mixtures to be processed, such as crude 4, from tank T. For plucking or striking the strings, push and pull units 6 need only be moved backwards and forwards over relatively short distances compared withtheir length resulting from the size of the tank T, of 10 cm to, at most, 1 m. The force expenditure for driving push and pull units 6 is also relatively small and they are mounted so as to slide in the guides without significant frictional losses andare lubricated by the crude oil in the tank. The parts of the push and pull units 6, such as the rigid or movable members, the tubular guides and the exciting elements 5, are advantageously made from metals such as steel, bronze, etc., optionallyplastic and metal-coated plastic, so that they cannot be attacked by the surrounding media, so that the drive for the strings is substantially maintenance-free. The disturbance means are mechanically only slightly stressed. By appropriate choice ofmaterials, the components are planned in such a way that the strings are kept in use, whereas the exciting elements are exposed to wear and can easily be replaced if inspections show a need. The strings can be detachably fixed to the push and pull units6.
The strings produce relatively energy-rich vibrations of approximately 1 to 10 watts and have advantageously low (sub-audible) fundamental frequencies. With the knowledge of the present invention, the expert can arrive at numerous possibilitiesfor producing such disturbing apparatus V.
FIGS. 9 and 10 schematically show a second embodiment of a disturbing apparatus V for performing the method according to the invention. FIG. 9 shows a plan view and FIG. 10 and side view along line CC of FIG. 9. The description of this secondembodiment is similar to FIGS. 7 and 8 and only differing features will be referred to hereinafter.
In tank T, having cylindrical geometry and the same volume as described hereinbefore, local disturbance regions are formed as approximately equidistantly arranged disturbance means 12 in the form of bell-shaped diaphragms or short strings, whichare at a constant disturbance height 13, typically 50 cm above the bottom 1 of tank T, so that the disturbance zone formed by the entire surface area of the tank T with a disturbing action of .+-.50 cm around the disturbance height 13 extends to thebottom 1 of the tank and therefore covers precipitation zone 4.2. Disturbance means 12 can be excited by means of exciting elements 5 via a push and pull unit 6. Unit 6 comprises movable members such as chain and is therefore spatially flexible. Itcan e.g. comprise chain links rotatable against one another and which are guided in slotted, tubular guides. In this embodiment, the guide and chain is laid in a spiral plane in the interior of the tank T. The guide is supported at the bottom of tank Tand the chain is led to the outside in the floating roof 3 through passages 11 at the top of tank T. The exciting elements 5 can be small mandrels or sticks which are attached to push and pull units 6. The stationary or slightly vibrating bell-shapeddiaphragms or strings are excited by forward and backward motion of exciting elements 5. Advantageous embodiments of such bell-shaped diaphragms or strings are described relative to FIGS. 12 to 15. The disturbance means 12 of the second embodiment havesmaller external dimensions than the disturbance means 8 of the first embodiment. The spatially flexible push and pull unit used can be laid in large lengths from a roll in accordance with a given disturbance pattern S or model.
FIGS. 11a and 11b are schematic front and side views, respectively, of an embodiment of a drive for a push and pull unit 6 having a crank gear which drives exciting elements 5. This drive can be installed alongside tank T or on its floating roof3 and comprises a hydraulic motor M with a power of a few kilowatts. A reduction gear transmission U drives a slowly rotating flywheel 27 at a speed of approximately 5 to 10 revolutions per minute. One end of a connecting rod E is rotatably attached toa pin Z connected to flywheel 27 so that the pin rotates with the wheel and carries the end of rod E with it. The other end of connecting rod E is rotatively attached to a piston 28 which is attached to push and pull unit 6 to be driven. When flywheel27 rotates, piston 28 is moved linearly forward and backward in a guide 29. The extent of the forward and backward movement of push and pull unit 6 is twice the circular radius of pin Z on flywheel 27 and can therefore be varied by modifying that radiusin a relatively simple manner in steps of 10 cm to 1 m. The speed of the forward and backward movement of the push and pull unit can be easily and precisely set by varying the rotational speed of the motor M, e.g. by varying the ratio of reduction gearUo This is important, because the vibrating behavior of disturbance apparatuses V in tanks T can in this way be externally regulated and controlled. It is also a very slowly running drive unit, which is suitable for permanent operation and scarcelyrequires any maintenance.
FIGS. 12a-c show a preferred embodiment of a disturbing means 8, 12 comprising a vibratable multiple string apparatus 18 with a first embodiment of a stretching device 16. FIGS. 12a-c show how the strings of apparatus 18 are stretched followingcontact with an exciting element 5 and associated stretching device 16 and how the two strings 15, 17 of the apparatus 18 vibrate following said excitation.
Apparatus 18 has two strings 15, 17 and can be mounted on the bottom 1 of tank T, together with its stretching device 16, using supports B, B', a plurality of apparatus 18 being arranged in accordance with a desired disturbance pattern S. Thisembodiment has the advantage that stretching device 16 cooperates with two pivotable, flexible fastening means H, H' which are similar to blade springs and that strings 15, 17 attached to the fastening means are alternately placed under tension. Whenchain 6 is moved to the left in FIGS. 12a, exciting element 5 slides past string 15. On the return stroke, element 5, which can be shaped like a pawl, tensions and stretches string 15. After a desired amount of stretching, the string slips from element5 and vibrates. The string tension is compensated in the same way as in a bow by strings 15, 17 and the fastening means. In this embodiment, supports B, B' need only withstand relatively small string tensions, so installation expenditure for powerfullydesigned supports are saved. Particularly when using thick steel strings with a diameter of e.g. 10 mm, a stretching or tensioning device would need to be able to withstand considerable tensions, which need is obviated by this opposite tensioning orstretching of the strings.
The tensioning or stretching device 16 can also fulfill other functions, such as providing tension via flexible supports H, H'. Strings 15, 17 of apparatus 18 are excitable simultaneously or in time-staggered manner, but only individual specificstrings are excitable for vibration purposes. If, for example, only one string 15 is deflected from its equilibrium position for vibration excitation, according to FIG. 12b after contact with an exciting element 5 and as a result of the movement of pushand pull unit 6, it is transversely tensioned in its longitudinal extension as shown by the arrow, so that supports H,H' are deflected inwardly and bend somewhat at the attachment points of string 15 and are tensioned like springs so that the otherstring 17 is also tensioned. In this way the entire system stores energy. The exciting energy is therefore transferred into the strings 15, 17 and into supports H, H', so that when contact with the exciting element 5 is released, the system relaxes andstarts to vibrate. As shown by FIG. 12c, strings 15, 17 vibrate through opposing excitation with different amplitudes. Therefore it is sufficient to excite vibration of one string 15 of an apparatus 18 with an exciting element 5 and as a result otherstring 17 also vibrates, and vice versa.
Strings 16, 17 can be excited in natural or harmonic vibrations and emit sound waves. The sound pressure level falls exponentially with time and the dying away of the amplitude of the vibrations due to frictional forces with the mediumsurrounding the same is delayed by the excitation of several strings 15, 17. Such a unison group as shown in FIGS. 12a-c produces coupled "sympathetic" oscillations or vibrations, which form a long, lingering sound due to phase shifts.
FIG. 13 shows a third embodiment of a disturbing means in the form of an oscillatory bell-shaped diaphragm 12. Such a bell-shaped diaphragm can be excited to one or two natural modes of vibration or oscillation and therefore has several harmonicoscillations or vibrations. It requires no stretching devices and several such diaphragms can be mounted in accordance with a disturbance pattern S on the bottom 1 of tank T. It is excitable by means of an exciting element 5, which can, in an embodimentnot shown, be connected to the bell-shaped diaphragm by means of an elastic connection. Thus, an exciting element 5 in the form of a striker-free, bell-shaped diaphragm movable by means of push and pull unit 6 can directly strike by moving forwards andbackwards. FIG. 13 shows an embodiment in which push and pull unit 6 carries a concave deflector 5b which is positioned to engage a contact arm A and deflect the contact arm which is attached to a striker K fitted in or on the bell-shaped diaphragm. The striker K can be biased in a relative equilibrium position with respect to the diaphragm by the inherent stiffness of contact arm A, this pretension being represented in a schematic form by a compression spring F. By moving forward and backward asillustrated by the double-headed arrow, push and pull unit 6 moves arm A and then releases the contact arm A, allowing the striker to forcibly strike the diaphragm 12, causing vibrations. The exciting element 5 is then moved back in the oppositedirection. During this return movement of push and pull unit 6, there is no force-transferring contact between them because two convex areas come into contact, which laterally slide past one another.
In FIGS. 14 and 15 are schematic views of second and third embodiments of stretching devices 18b and 18c for vibrating multiple strings. These stretching devices permit a simple arrangement of strings 15, 17 to be stretched in the disturbingapparatus according to the invention and permit easy adjustment of string tension which is also useful following the installation of the disturbing apparatus when the tank T is filled with crude oil 4. Thus, the tension force of the stretching devicescan be adjusted. In the embodiment according to FIG. 14, string tension is adjusted in single-acting manner by means of one of the two attachment means H, H', whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 15 the string tension is adjusted in adouble-acting manner by means of both flexible supports H, H'.
A bellcrank 24 is rotatably mounted on a retaining mandrel B, which is fixedly mounted in the container, and spring support H is rotatably carried at one end of bellcrank 24. Support H' is rotatably mounted on mandrel B'. Strings 15 and 17 arestretched between supports H and H'. A push and pull device, which can also be similar to the guided chain structures discussed above or which can be a cable 21, is attached to the other end of bellcrank 24 and extends to the outside of the tank. Byexerting force on cable 21 in the direction of the arrow, the bellcrank rotates, pulling with it flexible support H so that the strings are stretched, as shown by the broken line position in the drawing. These tensioning push and pull units 21 drivestretching elements 22 fixed thereto. In much the same way as the push and pull units 6 for producing vibrations, they can be laid in tank T in accordance with a disturbance pattern S and the resulting local position of the disturbance means 8, 12 andcan be mounted on the bottom 1 of the tank. With the knowledge of the present invention the expert has numerous possibilities for producing such stretching or tensioning mechanisms.
According to FIG. 14, a stretching element 22 for multiple strings comprises a movable part 22.1 and a static part 22.2. In the embodiment of FIG. 15, a stretching element 22 for multiple strings comprises two movable parts 22.1 which can beidentical to each other or mirror images. Static part 22.2 is a flexible support H with fixing points for the ends of the multiple strings 15 and 17 and is freely rotatable on a support B which is fixed on the bottom 1 of tank T. The movable part 22.1has a similar flexible support H' with attachment points for the multiple strings. For this purpose it is rotatably attached to a hinged support, such as bellcrank 24, which is in turn rotatable on a support B' and is rigidly connected to the tensioningpush and pull unit 21. In FIGS. 14 and 15, the supports B, B' are largely covered by the flexible supports H,H'.
The string tension can be suitably changed so that a movement of the tensioning means 21 in the direction of the long arrows brings about a rotation of the hinged supports 24 around the support B (indicated by the curved arrows), which drawsapart flexible supports H, H' relative to their original positions and tensions strings 15, 17. Hinged supports 24, flexible supports H,H' and strings 15, 17 are shown in broken line form in the tensioned positions. The flexible supports H,H' of theends of the strings are freely rotatable so that they are reciprocally oriented in accordance with the tension of strings 15, 17.
In the embodiment of FIG. 14, rotation of movable part 22.1 and securing of static part 22.2 of the stretching element 22 leads to a positional change of the multiple strings and at a certain angle it is inclined relative to the originalposition, which is not the case in the embodiment according to FIG. 15, where the two mobile parts 22.1 rotate.
The asymmetrical construction of the bellcrank 24 provides leverage or mechanical advantage in which long movement of the push and pull units 21 with a relatively small force brings about a small deflection of the longer end of the bellcrank, butwith a greater force on the flexible supports H,H'. Compared with the single-acting stretching device according to FIG. 14, the double-acting stretching device according to FIG. 15 can be tensioned with greater force or, for the same force, a largernumber of multiple string devices can be tensioned. These two tension-adjustable stretching devices permit a simple and rapid fitting or replacement of strings 15, 17. By relieving or relaxing the stretching device (rearward movement of the tensioningpush and pull unit 21 contrary to the direction of the arrows) any tension strings 15, 17 are simultaneously relaxed and can then be loosely connected with flexible supports H, H' of the multiple string devices 18 (e.g. by means of snap closures, springhooks, etc.) and the disturbing apparatus is made ready to operate by tensioning the stretching device.
* * * * *
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Clausen Museum displays Native, natural history
An enhanced Clausen Museum will reopen to the public March 3 after being closed since mid-January for staff to work on projects. Director Brittany Zenge has been taking inventory of the museum's collection and building new displays, along with making preparations for a new discovery center that will allows kids of all ages to learn more about the natural world of Mitkof Island.
Zenge took the director position last October and said the revamp is a response to feedback she's heard about the museum since beginning the new position.
"The common thing I was told when I got here is that all the...
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subset: commoncrawl


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Greg Jonkajtys is a director, animator and visual development artist who graduated from Warsaw's Academy of Fine Arts, and has worked in the animation, feature film and commercials industry for the last 20 years.
Greg directed his first animated short Mantis in 2000, and won several international awards including the BAF and Imagina Independent Talent Award.
While working in Poland for Platige image, and in the USA for Digital Kitchen, Cafefx, Syndicate, and Industrial Light & Magic, Greg has contributed as a visual-effects artist and lead animator for such films as Sin City, Hellboy, Pan's labyrinth, Mist, Rango, Pacific Rim, Star Wars Ep VII, Warcraft an
Location: San Francisco/Warsaw
946 Total post views


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Article and Photos by: Andrés Alvarado
Atlanta, GA – Pittsburgh punk-rock quartet Anti-Flag launched their Silence = Violence Tour back in mid-January to rather lofty expectations. Fresh off their nationwide run during the 2017 Vans Warped Tour, Justin Sane and his politically charged mates rallied a boisterous crowd into famed venue The Masquerade in downtown Atlanta. The evening was expected to produce several natural highs, not just from the raw and punchy tunes Anti-Flag is known for, but also for the woke anti-government ideology by which they operate.
On stage, Anti-Flag's modus operandi is quite simple: rollicking badass tunes + rock-star idiosyncrasies + positive message = minds blown and wide smiles. Elementary, sure, but works like a charm. After all, you don't accrue nearly 30 years in the scene without knowing what you're doing, right? And so, the night began with a bang, maintained an intoxicating level throughout, and ended in, you guessed it, another bang.
Sane and Chris Dos dictate the pace by alternating momentums in the main spotlight. At various times if Dos wasn't performing high-flying jumps mid-shred, then it'd be Sane jamming-out at stage-edge in close vicinity to fans. Naturally, the gang keeps it 100 via Chris Head's notorious guitar contributions and bitchin' backing vocals, plus replacement drummer Steve LaRussa kicking ass and taking names on the hi-hats and tubs. Adrenaline spreads far and wide as the boys rifle off bangers continuously for their rowdy aficionados. Overall, the evening was phenomenally fun and wildly entertaining. If crowd-surfers and moshers were propelled to bring out their A-game, then you know Anti-Flag led quite the charge.
Quips Chris Dos: "We've been fortunate enough to travel the world doing what we love, and we've never seen a shithole country. Maybe because we judge people on the context of their personalities and not on the color of their skin. Come to think it, I don't know what the term 'shithole countries' even means, but I know what a shithole president looks like." The performance Anti-Flag provided Atlantans was not just another concert. It felt more important, more inspiring. It felt like a loud voice for a community that's been silenced over the last year. It felt liberating, it felt like punk-rock in its purest form.


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TAKKONI stainless steel complete system brushed incl. catalyst. E-mark. Fits Yamaha MT-09 from model year 2014.Attention: Only for models without main stand.At the MT-09 Tracer must be removed the main stand!Takkoni stands for a reliable technology and a sporty design. Despite the high quality standards Takkoni complete systems offer an outstanding value for money.The stainless steel Takkoni complete systems feature a brushed surface and a distributed with all necessary attachment parts.All Takkoni complete systems are E- Marked, therefore the integrated noise killer can be removed for racing and show purposes only.Details complete system:Shape ovalLength 450 mmWidth 100 mmHeight 120 mmWeight 2,92 kgAdequate Noise killers are:196-001 (small holes)196-002 (large holes)196-004 (with catalyst and small holes)196-005 (with catalyst and large holes)Attention: To remove the Noise Killer is not to be allowed on public roads.Not for vehicles approved to Euro 4!


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We apologize what you need. for the inconvenience. Ideas area launched on DELL TechCenter!We have a Windows SBS 2003 with a domain A protocol resources SolvedPlease Help!
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On June 14, 2018, the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) and the TSX Venture Exchange (TSXV, and together with the TSX, the TMX Exchanges) announced that they were extending the deadline beyond which certain documents can only be submitted in electronic format.
The TMX Exchanges will now continue to accept current paper versions of the TSX Form 4 and TSXV Form 2A Personal Information Form (PIF) and the related TSX Form 4B and TSXV Form 2C1 Declaration until September 30, 2018. Such documents, when filed electronically, do not need to be notarized and are executed by the individual with an electronic signature, eliminating the need to submit an original of an executed copy to the TMX Exchanges.
Individuals have been able to populate their PIF and Declaration on theĀTMX Portal since late 2017, and the TMX Exchanges have attempted to encourage electronic filings.
Additionally, the TSX has granted the same extension in respect of its amended listing application; the amended application no longer has to be notarized.
This represents an extension to the prior deadline of June 30, 2018, which we discussed in a previous post on this blog. For more information, access the online versions of the relevant TSX staff notice and TSXV bulletin.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.


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Big Brother host Emma Willis has said she thinks this year's show hasn't got any bores.
Clearly forgetting about Callum Knell - which is a forgivable oversight - Emma claimed that the first week of the show had been one of the best yet.
And not just because she was hosting!
Speaking after the first seven days of house action, Emma said: "It's been a great week. Only seven days in, we've had loads of arguments, some flirting and a lot of fun.
"It's shaping up to be a good Big Brother."
Emma added: "I think every single person in there has the potential to be a wonderful housemate or a horrific housemate... which is was what we want!
"We've got no bores which is brilliant."
Emma will be back on the live shows on Friday, but you can catch her every week on Bit On The Side too between Tuesdays and Thursdays.


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An Unbiased View of Mobile Mercedes Benz Mechanic car inspection Orlando FL
August thirty, 2017 at 9:24 pm I am very unhappy. Every single-time I travel JFK I have generally rented from Budget. This time was the worse working experience I have had, it started i had to attend 2 hrs and seventeen moment on line. At the time I got into the counter it only felt I had been there just for 10 minutes I used to be then explained to I had to await my vehicle which was A different 21 minutes this was becoming ridicules. When I ultimately obtained an auto it was not the type I asked for It had been Considerably scaled-down it absolutely was told to me that`s all they'd readily available. I used to be compelled to take the car, I have to get to an appointment which i was operating late for thanks spending plan.
i advised her I elected to receive it and paid out for it on the web Once i rented the vehicle. she mainly mentioned no anxieties.
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August 1, 2018 at twelve:27 pm Went to syracuse Ny for bowling Competitiveness. Rented our vehicle on friday night. Took off Saturday morning to go sight observing. Went into Ny city. Saw the statue of liberty, so belmont race park, and so all kinds of other issues. Bought to our home around midnight. Then got up Sunday and went to niagra falls. Began bowing on Monday. Took the car again on wednesday, just before our flight. Emotion like we had an awesome journey.
March 21, 2017 at six:31 pm I usually do not see my article so I'll get it done yet again. We rented a 12ft truck from the Woodbridge locale. Even though ready in line The shopper before us told your service person that there was a challenge with the truck she experienced just rented his reply was that a mechanic would look at it. The truck was then rented to us . The truck was pulling actually bad to the correct rendering it tough to preserve during the lane and it was an extremely scary four hour push we termed client service with in 10min soon after finding on to 95 she was no enable.
It extends the Performing life of the engine and decreases fuel use, which contributes on the reduction of your car's Electrical power footprint. Outdated oil or incorrect amount of oil can wreak havoc about the motor.
July five, 2017 at 12:26 am I guess I can join the club of dissatisfied customers who won't ever hire from Price range nor Avis yet again. HORRIBLE service! I arrived at La Guardia airport/NYC knowing I had to visit a remote site to receive my vehicle. I learned there have been no vans from the terminals intending to Spending plan. Rather I had to take a shuttle to the site where there was a Finances Shuttle. It had been twenty five minutes till the very first shuttle arrived and it absolutely was jammed-This is certainly NY transit problem. We eventaully manufactured it to The placement with the Spending budget shuttle. (If you don't talk English you would probably under no circumstances know how to proceed.
nowadays i talked on the supervisor at that locale –She was exceptionally RUDE to me –even though i informed her im sixty three and dont work –she rudely replied well then we can hire u an auto…With a manager like that with that sort of Perspective I or my Spouse and children will never at any time hire from them and will subsequently Permit my close friends understand what my experience
Furthermore, we advise you to definitely check fluid degrees: engine oil, coolant, power steering fluid, transmission oil and windshield washer. Very low motor oil concentrations can harm your engine. You can even bring in your vehicle to ensure that we are able to transform or clean up your filters to increase longevity.
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August 15, 2017 at eleven:37 pm On 8/eleven/seventeen I rented a 12′ box truck to move my daughter for her last yr of college or university at a big metroplitan Health-related Middle. Began out high-quality, but ten miles from the condominium the truck broke down, nearly locked up driving 70 mph over a four lane Interstate highway. I referred to as roadside support and was towed for the residence. I learned the truck they rented me experienced "recognised" difficulties at the company level With all the transmission and/or rear axle/differential. So initial, they knowingly rented me a unsafe vehicle. Secondly, the rental agreement was for 2 times so I asked for a alternative truck to finish transferring. Hardly ever obtained the substitution. In-actuality, the truck they found for me and supposedly experienced on "hold", they let the vendor rent it out – under no circumstances known as try this website me about this, and Of course that they had my amount from the tow I necessary. Stored me in limbo for another 36 several hours and under no circumstances bought a replacemet vehicle. Ended up calling buddies to borrow an entire measurement pickup and support me shift the remainder of my daughters belongings. 3rd, I termed consumer service to adjust my bill and received very little but whole aggravation and a large inconvenience.
What I subsequently uncovered has unearthed incompetence to the Element of Finances that is staggering. With the help of GEICO insurance policies company and American Convey and thru quite a few discussions While using the personnel at Blackie's Garage, I found that Spending budget opted to Enable the car continue to be for the Blackie's for fifty two days after the incident. Budget also billed me the day by day rental amount for a similar period Though I not experienced possession of the vehicle and had diligently notified Budget with the incident and the location of the car.
If the braking process is not Doing the job properly, we offer braking services, for instance braking diagnostics along with the fitting of brake pads or discs. Consequently, you get pleasure from reassurance figuring out that the automobile's braking process will accomplish optimally less than distinct driving disorders.
September 22, 2017 at twelve:02 am Worst working experience ever!!!!! We rented a truck from listed here and it broke down in just an hour of driving. When the roadside service mechanic came to look at the truck he found that it absolutely was lacking a full gallon pre purchase inspection car Orlando of oil and five gallons of DEF fluid in addition to an obvious problem Together with the intake.. I desire this spending plan locale might have checked their truck before giving it to us.. our full lives are within the truck as we are transferring from L. a. to Idaho … we happen to be caught in Gordon, CA which is about 50 miles away from La and needed to phone price range consumer service to have updates on when we will get a different truck.


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Hi, my name's Andrea. I'm a collector, mainly of modern world paper money, since 1992.
I'm an International Bank Note Society member and I was moderator - section 'Cartamoneta' [World Paper Money] - on numsimatic forum LaMoneta.it, that I invite you to visit (see 'Link').
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text: My mom is self involved always has been. As a child I was put on the back burner. I stay with people that I should not have. I spent one Christmas with my parents and that was in 1979 I was 22 years old. They had a fruit stand that could not close so it was open 24 /7. At one point my step grandmother lived with us that was from the time I was probably from age 2 until I was 8. My parents left for work before I got up and came home after I was in bed. I truly lacked for nothing physically but everything emotionally. My grandmother had never had children she married my grandfather after his kids were grown and he had passed and she moved in with us. She was not a pleasant woman and very abusive. My father's son also lived with us he was 9 years older than me. He began sexually abusing me I do not remember when I just know it stopped when I was old enough to tell him that I would tell around 11 I think. I have a lot of blank spaces in my life. I asked my mom not too long ago where was I at Christmas when I was little and she told me she didn't know...really? I have been in therapy and it helped so much. My mom moved by me in 1997 my half brother her son died so I moved her to NC. My husband was USMC and we retired in NC. She moved into an apartment 15 minutes from me. Her health was failing then. She has had many surgeries in the past few years, colon cancer, abdominal aortic anuresym, pacemaker, stents, to name a few. I have nursed her through them all. For the past 15 years I had seen to her every need emotionally, physically spent every lunch with her for 15 years. It has not been easy she started to become delusional about 10 years ago. She stayed in the apartment a lot longer than she should have because I knew that is what she wanted. She fell on New Years Eve and stayed on the floor all night with the telephone and life alert right beside her never pushed either. She was leaking lymphic fluid out of her legs. I called the ambulance they took her to the hospital and the doctors and me both agreed that she could no longer live alone. I told her she agreed and she was placed. I tried to make the move as easy as possible. I gave away most of her stuff which was smoked filled and old. We live on the coast and it was given to three families that lost everything during the last hurricane and they were thrilled to have it. I fixed her room up at the NH nice brought her a new quilt flowers, she has a bird feeder outside her room. She does not have a roommate and she has a private bath one of the very few rooms that has that, I cannot afford a private room for her.She has had a couple of roommates one lasted a day the other died within a week. She was placed under hospice care about 2 months ago. As I wrote in my last post "Hurt, Burnt out" I have stay away from the NH since Monday. She still want to get out, she is very angry with me I believe she has written me off just like she has everyone else. The child in me wants her to miss me the adult knows she won't. Of course, she cannot get herself out and she will die there and it is a good possibility without me at her side if this continues. Until I feel that I can visit her without her being mad and talking ugly to me I will not go. What could I say to change her mind. She is self involved always has been always will be. it is a sad situation for her and I finally am getting to the point to stop wishing for a change that will never come. I have 2 grown children and 4 grandchildren all raised by normal parents who love and support them. That started when I broke the chain of dysfunction for me and mine. Being military and getting away from it helped so much plus my husband was raised by Ossie and Harriett and had a pattern that I did not have. Thank God for him. I do not know how this story will end and I work very hard to not be the injured child but she still lurks in there, she still wants approval, she still wants her mom. Now how about all that ?? Probably TMI but for me it is cleansing. Thanks for listening ;-)


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Large apartments. Quiet Responsive to maintenance requests
a nice quite community, good size apartments and the price is right
I have lived there for 7 years and i really enjoyed it... Management very professional and when i needed something done, It was done in a timely manner.
I would have given an excellent rating, except that the carpeting needs to be replaced and there is no remote for the AC, which is located so high on the wall I can't reach the controls.
Located in the highly desirable Middleburg Heights location and Berea School Systems, Kingston Place Apartments offers comfortable, spacious units at an amazing value! Both our 1 and 2 bedroom kitchens feature dishwashers, garbage disposals and newer stoves. We welcome your feline friends! Enjoy a kickball game or a hamburger with your family in our grassy courtyard area. Relax with a good book on your quiet balcony. Every building has a shared laundry room for your convenience. There is a resident parking lot and covered garage spaces for rent. The area itself is in a wonderful suburban setting. It's so nice to have a shorter commute with your new home being within minutes from both major freeways of 480 and 71 and on a bus route. Everything you need is within walking distance at Southland Shopping Center. Our mission here at Kingston is to provide a quality home at an amazing value with customer service and teamwork!


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