text:
The FEDERICA Project: creating cloud infrastructures
- Theodora Jordan
- 3 years ago
- Views:
1 The FEDERICA Project: creating cloud infrastructures Mauro Campanella Consortium GARR, Via dei Tizii 6, Roma, Italy Abstract. FEDERICA is a European project started in January 2008 that created a scalable, Europe-wide, clean slate, infrastructure to support experiments on Future Internet. The key architectural principle is virtualization both in computer systems and in network equipment and circuits. The project slices its substrate to offer virtual infrastructures (slices) made of computing elements and network resources to researchers. The user may fully configure the resources, including the slice topology. The slices can be seen as cloud infrastructures, generalizing the concept of cloud computing and enhancing that of Infrastructure as a Service. A section elaborates on the main open issues: reproducibility, resource description, monitoring and mapping of virtual resources to the physical substrate. Keywords: NREN, virtualization, Future Internet, FIRE, GEANT. 1 Introduction The FEDERICA project [1] has been devised to provide support and research on current and Future Internet technologies and architectures. The project is linked to the European FIRE initiative [2] and the European Future Internet Assembly [3]. Other similar initiatives exists worldwide, e.g. GENI [4] in the United Stated in Europe and AKARI [5] in Japan. Such experimentation requires new environments that combine flexibility, a minimum set of constraint and full control of the environment for the researchers. A clean-slate approach has been advocated by the GENI, which initially planned to build a dedicated, new infrastructure. The constant developments of technology in computing and in networks, coupled with the virtualization capabilities allow a new approach, which leverage existing infrastructures to create new ones. FEDERICA is built on top of the National Research and Education Networks (NREN [6]) in Europe, which In the last years created a strong multidomain hybrid network infrastructure with advanced capabilities. Virtualization technologies allow creating on this large physical footprint more than one infrastructure and each of them appearing independent and isolated, eventually to the wavelength level.
2 The project adds to the basic network resource (capacity) and network functionalities (e.g. switching, routing) computing elements to create virtual infrastructures with rich functionalities. The paper describes the project architecture, its implementation and the challenges posed with particular emphasis to cloud computing developments. 2 The FEDERICA Project The project [1] partners include a wide range of stakeholders on network research, European National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), DANTE, TERENA, academic and industrial research groups and vendors. In the following the architecture will be described as well as its current implementation. 2.1 Project Goals and Objectives The FEDERICA project scope, as defined in the description of work, is to: - Create an e-infrastructure for researchers on Future Internet allowing researchers a complete control of set of resources in a slice, enabling disruptive experiments - Support research in virtualization of e-infrastructures integrating network resources and nodes capable of virtualization (V-Nodes). In particular on multi-(virtual)-domain control, management and monitoring, including virtualization services and user oriented control in a federated environment. - Facilitate technical discussions amongst specialists, in particular arising from experimental results and disseminating knowledge and NREN experience of meeting users requirements. - Contribute with real test cases and results to standardization bodies, e.g. IETF, ITU-T, OIF, IPsphere. 2.2 Architecture Requirements As the scope is focused on a research environment on new technologies, the following set of requirements for the infrastructure have been assumed: - Be technology agnostic and neutral (transparent) to allow disruptive and novel testing, as to not impose constraints to researchers. The requirement is valid for all networking layers, not just the application layer and extends to the operating system used. - Ensure reproducibility of the experiments, i.e. given the same initial conditions, the results of an experiment are the same. This requirement is considered of particular importance.
3 - Provide to the user complete control and configuration capabilities within the assigned resources - Allow more than one user group to run experiments at the same time, without interference. - Open to interconnect / federate with other e-infrastructures and Internet. This last requirement plans for interoperability and migration testing Framework and Design. The requirements suggest two key framework choices for the infrastructure, which are at the core of design: - The simultaneous presence of computing and network physical resources. These resources form the substrate of the infrastructure. - The use of virtualization technologies applied both to computing and network resources. Virtualization will allow creating virtual, un-configured resources. Virtualization is defined as the capability to create a virtual version of a physical resource, both in the computing and network environment. The virtual resources (e.g. a virtual circuit, a disk partition, a virtual computer) are usually created by segmenting a physical resource. Virtualization may create un-configured (clean) virtual resources, e.g. an image of the hardware of a computing element on which (almost) any operating system can be installed, a point-to-point network circuit, a portion of disk space. Those resources can be then tailored to various needs and even moved from a virtualization-aware platform to another. Such framework brings to a design in which the infrastructure is considered made of two in two distinct levels (see Fig. 1 for a pictorial representation): 1. The virtualization substrate. The physical infrastructure which contains all the hardware and software capable to create the virtual resources; 2. The level containing all virtual infrastructures. Each containing the virtual resources and the initial network topology connecting them. The virtualization substrate is a single administrative domain. The virtual infrastructures (VI or slices ) may be in principle unlimited, in practice a large number, restricted by the physical resources available and the requested characteristics for the slice. Two basic resource entities are defined: 1. Connectivity. In form of a point to point circuit with or without assured capacity guarantees and with or without a data link protocol (a bit pipe ) 2. A computing element, offering the equivalent of a computer hardware containing at least RAM, CPU and one network interface, mass storage is optional, although usually available. The computing element is capable of hosting various operating systems and also perform functionalities (e.g. routing) To minimize the load on the physical resources and the interference between virtual resources, the network topology has a high level of meshing. Where virtualization is not available in hardware, as on most of network interfaces for computers, more hardware is installed. As a design principle, the infrastructure would favour testing of functionalities, protocols and new ideas, rather than providing a laboratory for very high performance studies.
4 Following the framework outlined above, FEDERICA is designed in two layers. The lower layer is the substrate an it s made of physical resources, both network and computing elements, each capable of creating virtual resources of their kind. The resource sets, or slices, managed by the user, compose the upper layer. Given the sophisticated NREN network architecture, a distributed infrastructure can be engineered, with various Points of Presence on the top of the GÉANT [7] backbone, interconnecting several NRENs in Europe. Figure 1 depicts pictorially the design of the infrastructure built on top of the existing NREN and GÉANT production environment. The virtual infrastructures (slices) are shown on the top of the picture. More than one slice is active at the same time. Fig. 1: Pictorial representation of FEDERICA The figure represents the slice in vertical format for sake of clarity and to show that there is no dependency or hierarchy between them. Each slice may contain a virtual resource coming from any part of the substrate. The same physical node, as an example, can provide virtual systems to more than one slice. A virtual router can be created in a Juniper node (ensuring complete independence between the virtual routers) or by a virtual system running the routing suite. 3 The Infrastructure Implementation The infrastructure is built using: - A mesh of one Gigabit Ethernet circuits provided by the GEANT2 backbone. The circuits are initially at one Gbps as this capacity allows slicing to still highspeed links and it is still affordable as contribution by the participating NRENs. Most of the circuits are created over SDH using generic framing procedure and virtual concatenation. Fig. 2 represent the current topology - Network equipment. Programmable high-end routers/switches: Juniper Networks MX480 with dual CPU and 1 line card with 32 ports at 1Gb Ethernet.
5 The MC functionalities include virtual and logical routing, MPLS, VLANs, IPv4, IPv6. The MX 480are installed in four core Points of Presence and 2 MX480 are equipped with Ethernet line cards with hardware QoS capabilities. Smaller multi-protocol switches (Juniper EX series) are installed in non-core PoPs. - Computing equipment. PC-based nodes (V-Nodes) running virtualization software, capable of implementing e.g., open source software routers and emulating end-user nodes. Each PC contains 2 x Quad core AMD running at 2 GHz, 32GB RAM, 8 network interfaces, 2x500GB disks. The V-Nodes are connected to the Juniper routers. The initial choice of the virtualization software for the V-nodes is VMware [8], the free version of ESXi. This choice has been done after a review of other virtualization software (e.g. XEN). In particular it has been evaluated the Application Programming Interface, the availability of usage examples and expertise and an upgrade path to better management using not-for-free version of the software. The capabilities and performance of the free version have been adequate for the current requirements. These building blocks of the substrate pose very few constraints to the user. In the current status of the infrastructure the most significant one is that the data link layer is fixed to Ethernet framing. Future development of FEDERICA may permit access to optical equipment to overcome this limitation Topology The topology is composed of 13 physical sites. Of these points of presence (PoP) a full mesh of four is equipped with MX router/switches and it is considered the core. The 9 non-core nodes are equipped by EX switches. The core nodes are equipped by 2 V-Nodes the non-core PoPs host one node each. The FEDERICA physical topology is depicted in Figure 2. The design placed particular importance on the resiliency and load balancing of the network, Fig. 2: FEDERICA topology on a map of Europe based on GEANT2 s infrastructure, and resources availability at partners locations.
6 The FEDERICA substrate is configured as an IPv4 and IPv6 Autonomous System with both public and private addresses. The infrastructure is connected to Internet using the Border Gateway Protocol and receives full routing tables in the four core PoPs. The infrastructure is centrally managed and monitored by a Network Operation Centre. The NOC has also the task to create the slices. The infrastructure (substrate) is a single domain that contains all the physical resources (point to point circuits, nodes) in all PoPs. The domain does not contain the optical equipment of GÉANT used to transport the circuits between PoPs Resource Virtualization and Slice Creation The process to create a virtual system is rather straightforward and can be based on an image provided by the user or on template of various operating systems. The virtualization capabilities in the network are also evolving, as described in [9]. The article reviews the current research in a Network Virtualization Environment (NVE) and the many challenges associated. The initial choice in FEDERICA is to use VLANs and use QoS techniques for circuit virtualization; MPLS may be applied when needed. The slice creation procedure definition is constantly developed and may change slightly to incorporate the feedback received after the first user feedback. The slice creation includes a manual step to map the virtual resources to the physical substrate. The step is manual to ensure that the mapping ensures the best reproducibility of the behaviour of the virtual resources. The current slice creation process consists of the following steps. First, the researcher that wants to perform an experiment over the FEDERICA infrastructure is required to provide the NOC with the desired topology, including requirements for the nodes and the network (each V-node RAM size, CPU power, mass storage space, topology and bandwidth between the V-Nodes, routing or switching functionalities, protocols). The request may be for un-configured resources, that the user will configure directly, even substituting protocols, or resources with a n initial configuration, e.g. IP routing. Once the NOC receives the slice description and resource requirements, the NOC maps the logical topology requested on the physical topology of the substrate and chooses the sites (PoPs) from which physical resources will be allocated. Besides instantiating all the resources requested by the user, the NOC needs to instantiate an extra virtual machine, that act as a gateway between Internet and the slice: the Slice Management Server. Access control of the Slice Management Server is performed by means of identity credentials managed by a RADIUS server. The next step for the NOC is to instantiate Ethernet VLANs to connect the slice resources and create the topology required by the researcher. Finally, the NOC needs to setup the Slice Management network for the user that will connect the Slice Management Server to the management interface of each one of the managed resources in the slice (V-Nodes, logical routers, software routers). The connection is performed creating virtual interfaces in all resources and one in the Management Server in the same IP subnet (usually private) and creating an additional VLAN
7 linking them. This subnet is initially the only IP path for the user to connect to the slice resources when accessing from Internet the Management server User Access And Support When the NOC has finished the slice creation process, they inform the researchers that the slice is ready to use. The following information needs to be included: the public IP address of the Virtual Slice Management Server plus the credentials to access it, the credentials for accessing the Juniper logical routers and/or the software routers, and finally the IP addressing scheme of the Virtual Slice Management Network. Now the user is ready to access his slice through the Virtual Slice Management Server. Authenticate a User for slice access User Access Virtual Slice Management Server Virtual Slice Management Server (virtual ) Slice Management Network /24 FEDERICA Authentication RADIUS Server User can access the infratructure through Virtual Slice Management Server, aft RADIUS athentication. After successful login to the server, a user has access to his /her nodes via management IP interfaces configured there. User Server 1 (virtual ) Virtual Server 2 (virtual ) User Router 1 (logial ) Fig. 3: Researcher accessing a simple FEDERICA slice In the example in Figure 3 the user has requested a simple slice consisting of two virtual servers connected through a Juniper logical router. The NOC has already setup these three resources, connected them through a VLAN (black line at the bottom of the Figure), instantiated the Virtual Slice Management Server and created the Slice Management Network (cloud at the centre of the Figure). The researcher connects to the Virtual Slice Management Server using the credentials provided by the NOC, and is authenticated against the FEDERICA Authentication RADIUS Server. If the authentication is successful, the user can access all his/her nodes via the management IP interfaces. Besides remote access to the resources, another complimentary mechanism is under investigation. VMware virtual machines can be configured to be accessed
8 through remote VNC connections (the virtual machine clients would connect to a special port of the physical machine where VMware is installed). By exploiting this mechanism users would have access to the console of their virtual servers, but they would also be able to interact with graphical user interfaces and to even access the BIOS of the server; i.e. they would have full control of the virtual machine. During the initial FEDERICA operation, all the steps explained in these two sections will be performed either manually or using a heterogeneous set of tools (web portal for users, VMware Infrastructures application, the remote console of the devices, VNC clients, monitoring tools). However, a tool bench that provides a unified environment to operate the FEDERICA infrastructure and use the FEDERICA slices is being developed, and will be progressively deployed and used by the NOC and the FEDERICA users. 3. Challenges 3.1 Real vs. Virtual The reproducibility and the stability of the behaviour of the virtual resources is a fundamental requirement for quantitative evaluations of new ideas. As an example, a virtual circuit may not be capable of offering a constant, fixed amount of bit per second, and a virtual computer image may not provide a constant CPU usage. The quality of a virtual resource can then be defined as a function of the difference between the behaviour of the virtual and the physical resource. The difference is due to two main independent causes: - Sharing of the physical resource with other virtual resources - The virtualization technology itself, usually a layer placed between the physical resources and the virtual ones Hardware assistance for virtualization has been introduced recently to reduce such a difference. Since 2005 the main CPU manufacturers have added virtualizationfriendly extensions, in particular related to protection rings. QoS is considered in both resource types: connectivity and computing element. Computing elements in FEDERICA have been chosen to provide specific functionalities in hardware, like virtualization-aware CPUs. Some circuits are connected to Quality of Service capable line cards in the Juniper MX. In other cases, where hardware was not available, the resources have been adequately increased, to avoid any overbooking and minimize contention. It is possible then to create a slice with a set of resources, which exhibits, singularly, a known behaviour in all conditions. Virtual resource performance measurements are ongoing in FEDERICA. Assuring the QoS of a set of connected resources is more complex and under evaluation. While for a single virtual computer or link it is possible to carefully configure its performance, the complexity increases with the number of resources involved. The classic problem of guaranteeing an end-to-end quality of service of an
9 IP flow exemplifies the issue. In case of virtual infrastructures, as in the case of Internet traffic, probably most of the resources do not require strict guarantees, but rather best effort behaviour. In the particular case of a geographically distributed set of resources, the resource synchronization is more complex due to the longer delay, making the issue harder to solve. 3.2 Virtualization service definition and automation of procedures A service to create virtual infrastructures (i.e. slices) needs more dynamic and automated procedures. Such a service opens the possibility to federate with other infrastructures and to develop new business models with the user virtual infrastructure extending in many domains. To achieve these goals a standardisation of resource description is required. The design of FEDERICA identified two basic entities (computer and point-to-point circuit) each with a set of characteristics and a set of relationship between them. The most complex step in automating the service is the definition of the logic and the rules to map virtual resources to physical resources in such a way that the use of the substrate is fair and that the resources comply with a service level agreement, when requested. 3.3 Complexity The complexity of the systems based on virtualization, in particular when coupling network and computing resources, increases fast with the increase of number of resources. The complexity may actually reduce the reliability and the quality of the system, increasing its operational cost for management and problem resolution. It is worth underling that virtualization is not restricted to a single layer, but allows recursivity. Multiple virtual networks stacked on the same physical infrastructure may be recursively created, as an example. Such advances require better ad-hoc support in the hardware and the development of new standards for virtual resource interaction. In particular the need is for a more rich information system, which tracks the relationships between entities (virtual or real). 4. Conclusions And Next Steps An infrastructure substrate based on virtualization both on computing and network resources is a novel approach to provide an ideal environment for innovative research and services. The substrate can create virtual infrastructures containing any combination of the basic, raw fundamental virtual resources in arbitrary topologies and hosting any operating system and application type. Such virtual infrastructures are decoupled from their physical location, albeit exhibiting the requested functionalities, appearing as cloud infrastructures.
10 The initial experience of the FEDERICA project with its users is that: - There are very few constraints, except the amount of physical resources available in the substrate when reproducibility is requested. - It s possible to easily interconnect the slices with the current Internet. Two cloud infrastructures can be connect through Internet to validate the behaviour of application in real-life environment; - A slice may allow the user to fully control and configure almost all communication and computing layers; - A Cloud Infrastructure can be reconfigured in a very short time, even manually. Resources can be added, subtracted or restarted also in a short time. - The presence of computing capabilities in the infrastructure enables new usage models and service. In particular increases resiliency, as functionalities and even whole infrastructures may move in the substrate continuing to work. The main challenges are related to the reproducibility of the behaviour of the virtual resources and to the complexity of the overall system, in particular the substrate. The current size of FEDERICA is still well manageable and does not present issues. Management and control of distributed, parallel, virtual infrastructures, which may communicate among them and with the open Internet, are also key functions in the next generation networks. The FEDERICA project will continue to develop experience and draft a model for managing and using virtual infrastructures as a combination of networks and systems.. 5. Acknowledgments The FP7 project FEDERICA is partially supported by the European Commission under the Grant Agreement No.: RI The author acknowledges the fundamental contribution of all project partners. 6 References 1. FEDERICA, Federated E-infrastructure DEdicated to Researchers Innovating in Computing Architectures, European Commission co-funded in the 7th Framework Work Programme, project n. RI , and documents therein 2. Future Internet Research and Experimentation, 3. Future Internet Assembly, 4. Global Environment for Network Innovation, 5. AKARI Architecture Design Project, 6. For a detailed analysis of NRENs in Europe and their role, see the documents (in particular the TERENA compendium) available at 7. GÉANT2, the European Research and Education backbone, 8. VMware, 9. Chowdhury, N. M. M. K., Boutaba, R.,: Network Virtualization: State of the Art and Research Challenges. IEEE Communications Magazine, July 2009, (2009)
Virtual Infrastructures in Future Internet
Towards the Future Internet G. Tselentis et al. (Eds.) IOS Press, 2010 2010 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved. doi:10.3233/978-1-60750-539-6-63 63 Virtual Infrastructures in Future InternetMore information
The New Infrastructure Virtualization Paradigm, What Does it Mean for Campus?
The New Infrastructure Virtualization Paradigm, What Does it Mean for Campus? Jean-Marc Uzé Juniper Networks email@example.com TNC2008, Brugge, May 19 th, 2008 Copyright 2008 Juniper Networks, Inc. www.juniper.netMore information
Agenda. NRENs, GARR and GEANT in a nutshell SDN Activities Conclusion. Mauro Campanella Internet Festival, Pisa 9 Oct 2015 2
Agenda NRENs, GARR and GEANT in a nutshell SDN Activities Conclusion 2 3 The Campus-NREN-GÉANT ecosystem CAMPUS networks NRENs GÉANT backbone. GÉANT Optical + switching platforms Multi-Domain environmentMore information
Facility Usage Scenarios
Facility Usage Scenarios GDD-06-41 GENI: Global Environment for Network Innovations December 22, 2006 Status: Draft (Version 0.1) Note to the reader: this document is a work in progress and continues toMore information
GN1 (GÉANT) Deliverable D13.2
Contract Number: IST-2000-26417 Project Title: GN1 (GÉANT) Deliverable 13.2 Technology Roadmap for Year 3 Contractual Date: 31 July 2002 Actual Date: 16 August 2002 Work Package: WP8 Nature of Deliverable:More information
From Virtualization Paradigm to Fractal Infrastructure
From Virtualization Paradigm to Fractal Infrastructure Jean-Marc Uzé Director Product & Technology, EMEA TNC2009, Malaga, June 9 th, 2009 1 Agenda What is the next R&E innovation? Virtualization paradigmMore information
White Paper. Requirements of Network Virtualization
White Paper on Requirements of Network Virtualization INDEX 1. Introduction 2. Architecture of Network Virtualization 3. Requirements for Network virtualization 3.1. Isolation 3.2. Network abstractionMore information
Increase Simplicity and Improve Reliability with VPLS on the MX Series Routers
SOLUTION BRIEF Enterprise Data Center Interconnectivity Increase Simplicity and Improve Reliability with VPLS on the Routers Challenge As enterprises improve business continuity by enabling resource allocationMore information
GENI Network Virtualization Concepts
GENI Network Virtualization Concepts Alexander Gall 22.2.2007 EFNI Workshop, Amsterdam 2007 SWITCH The GENI initiative GENI: Global Environment for Network Innovations. Initiative plannedMore information
White Paper on NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION
White Paper on NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION INDEX 1. Introduction 2. Key features of Network Virtualization 3. Benefits of Network Virtualization 4. Architecture of Network Virtualization 5. Implementation ExamplesMore information
A Coordinated. Enterprise Networks Software Defined. and Application Fluent Programmable Networks
A Coordinated Virtual Infrastructure for SDN in Enterprise Networks Software Defined Networking (SDN), OpenFlow and Application Fluent Programmable Networks Strategic White Paper Increasing agility andMore information
November 2013. Defining the Value of MPLS VPNs
November 2013 S P E C I A L R E P O R T Defining the Value of MPLS VPNs Table of Contents Introduction... 3 What Are VPNs?... 4 What Are MPLS VPNs?... 5 What Are the Benefits of MPLS VPNs?... 8 How DoMore information
Network Virtualization: A Tutorial
Network Virtualization: A Tutorial George N. Rouskas Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University http://rouskas.csc.ncsu.edu/ Network Virtualization: A Tutorial OFC 2012, March 2012More information
#10. This paper was presented by Michael Behringer at JENC, the annual conference of TERENA (RARE), held in in May 1995 in Tel Aviv, Israel.
D A N T E I N P R I N T #10 Technical Options for a European High-Speed Backbone Michael Behringer This paper was presented by Michael Behringer at JENC, the annual conference of TERENA (RARE), held inMore information
Transport SDN Toolkit: Framework and APIs. John McDonough OIF Vice President NEC BTE 2015
Transport SDN Toolkit: Framework and APIs John McDonough OIF Vice President NEC BTE 2015 Transport SDN Toolkit Providing carriers with essential tools in the Transport SDN toolkit How to apply SDN to aMore information
Cisco Intercloud Fabric for Business
Data Sheet Cisco Intercloud Fabric for Business Combining the Benefits of Public and Private Clouds in a Hybrid Cloud Cisco Intercloud Fabric for Business enables enterprises to create a seamless hybridMore information
Extending the Internet of Things to IPv6 with Software Defined Networking
Extending the Internet of Things to IPv6 with Software Defined Networking Abstract [WHITE PAPER] Pedro Martinez-Julia, Antonio F. Skarmeta {pedromj,email@example.com The flexibility and general programmabilityMore information
Transform Your Business and Protect Your Cisco Nexus Investment While Adopting Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure
White Paper Transform Your Business and Protect Your Cisco Nexus Investment While Adopting Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure What You Will Learn The new Cisco Application Centric InfrastructureMore information
Extending Networking to Fit the Cloud
VXLAN Extending Networking to Fit the Cloud Kamau WangŨ H Ũ Kamau Wangũhgũ is a Consulting Architect at VMware and a member of the Global Technical Service, Center of Excellence group. Kamau s focus atMore information
Lecture 02b Cloud Computing II
Mobile Cloud Computing Lecture 02b Cloud Computing II 吳 秀 陽 Shiow-yang Wu T. Sridhar. Cloud Computing A Primer, Part 2: Infrastructure and Implementation Topics. The Internet Protocol Journal, Volume 12,More information
SummitStack in the Data Center
SummitStack in the Data Center Abstract: This white paper describes the challenges in the virtualized server environment and the solution Extreme Networks offers a highly virtualized, centrally manageableMore information
Overview of Routing between Virtual LANs
Overview of Routing between Virtual LANs This chapter provides an overview of virtual LANs (VLANs). It describes the encapsulation protocols used for routing between VLANs and provides some basic informationMore information
ZEN LOAD BALANCER EE v3.04 DATASHEET The Load Balancing made easy
ZEN LOAD BALANCER EE v3.04 DATASHEET The Load Balancing made easy OVERVIEW The global communication and the continuous growth of services provided through the Internet or local infrastructure require toMore information
Parallels Server 4 Bare Metal
Parallels Server 4 Bare Metal Product Summary 1/21/2010 Company Overview Parallels is a worldwide leader in virtualization and automation software that optimizes computing for services providers, businessesMore information
Fusion Service Schedule Virtual Data Centre ( VDC ) Version FUS-VDC-7.1
Fusion Service Schedule Virtual Data Centre ( VDC ) Version FUS-VDC-7.1 1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS 1.1. Words or phrases used with capital letters in this Service Schedule shall have the same meaningsMore information
Network Virtualization
. White Paper Network Services Virtualization What Is Network Virtualization? Business and IT leaders require a more responsive IT infrastructure that can help accelerate business initiatives and removeMore information
COMLINK Cloud Technical Specification Guide DEDICATED SERVER
COMLINK Cloud Technical Specification Guide DEDICATED SERVER Updated June 13, 2014 *Subject to Change* Table of Contents 1 Overview of Cloud Dedicated Server 2 Why Choose Dedicated Servers? 2-4 FeaturesMore information
Virtual CPE: Enhancing CPE's deployment and operations through Virtualization
1 Virtual CPE: Enhancing CPE's deployment and operations through Virtualization Pau Minoves email@example.com i2cat Foundation Ole Frendved email@example.com UNI-C Bo Peng email@example.com information
Cisco Application Networking Manager Version 2.0
Cisco Application Networking Manager Version 2.0 Cisco Application Networking Manager (ANM) software enables centralized configuration, operations, and monitoring of Cisco data center networking equipmentMore information
The Evolution of Ethernet
June 2010 White Paper The Evolution of Ethernet How Ethernet solutions, such as NTT America s VLink, can help businesses reduce private networking costs while leveraging Ethernet technology. IntroductionMore information
Juniper Networks QFabric: Scaling for the Modern Data Center
Juniper Networks QFabric: Scaling for the Modern Data Center Executive Summary The modern data center has undergone a series of changes that have significantly impacted business operations. ApplicationsMore information
Broadband Networks Virgil Dobrota Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania email@example.com
Broadband Networks Virgil Dobrota Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania email@example.com Copyright Virgil Dobrota 2007-2008, All rights reserved 1 Course 12 - Outline 46. NGN Next GenerationMore information
2. Research and Development on the Autonomic Operation. Control Infrastructure Technologies in the Cloud Computing Environment
R&D supporting future cloud computing infrastructure technologies Research and Development on Autonomic Operation Control Infrastructure Technologies in the Cloud Computing Environment DEMPO Hiroshi, KAMIMore information
VXLAN: Scaling Data Center Capacity. White Paper
VXLAN: Scaling Data Center Capacity White Paper Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN) Overview This document provides an overview of how VXLAN works. It also provides criteria to help determine when and whereMore information
Network Virtualization Network Admission Control Deployment Guide
Network Virtualization Network Admission Control Deployment Guide This document provides guidance for enterprises that want to deploy the Cisco Network Admission Control (NAC) Appliance for their campusMore information
A Look into the Cloud
A Look into the Cloud An Allstream White Paper 1 Table of contents Why is everybody talking about the cloud? 1 Trends driving the move to the cloud 1 What actually is the cloud? 2 Private and public cloudsMore information
Computer Networks Vs. Distributed Systems
Computer Networks Vs. Distributed Systems Computer Networks: A computer network is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers able to exchange information. A computer network usually requireMore information
White Paper ADVANCED NETWORK CONFIGURATION GUIDE CONTENTS Introduction 1 Terminology 1 VLAN configuration 2 NIC Bonding configuration 3 Jumbo frame configuration 4 Other I/O high availability options 4More information
Network performance in virtual infrastructures
Network performance in virtual infrastructures A closer look at Amazon EC2 Alexandru-Dorin GIURGIU University of Amsterdam System and Network Engineering Master 03 February 2010 Coordinators: Paola GrossoMore information
ICTNPL5071A Develop planning strategies for core network design
ICTNPL5071A Develop planning strategies for core network design Release: 1 ICTNPL5071A Develop planning strategies for core network design Modification History Not Applicable Approved Page 2 of 15 UnitMore information
1 INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION Wednesday, May 14, 2008 Mosharaf Chowdhury Member, envy Project What is Virtualization? 2 Transparent abstraction of computing platform and resources Multiple logicalMore information
Creating a Future Internet Network Architecture with a Programmable Optical Layer
Creating a Future Internet Network Architecture with a Programmable Optical Layer Abstract: The collective transformational research agenda pursued under the FIND program on cleanslate architectural designMore information
White Paper. Juniper Networks. Enabling Businesses to Deploy Virtualized Data Center Environments. Copyright 2013, Juniper Networks, Inc.
White Paper Juniper Networks Solutions for VMware NSX Enabling Businesses to Deploy Virtualized Data Center Environments Copyright 2013, Juniper Networks, Inc. 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary...3More information
Testbeds as a Service Building Future Networks A view into a new GEANT Service. Jerry Sobieski (NORDUnet) GLIF Tech Atlanta, Mar 18, 2014
Testbeds as a Service Building Future Networks A view into a new GEANT Service Jerry Sobieski (NORDUnet) GLIF Tech Atlanta, Mar 18, 2014 From Innovation to Infrastructure! Network Innovation requires testingMore information
Cisco Active Network Abstraction 4.0
Cisco Active Network Abstraction 4.0 Product Overview Cisco Active Network Abstraction (ANA) is a flexible, vendor-neutral network resource management solution for a multitechnology, multiservice networkMore information
Virtual PortChannels: Building Networks without Spanning Tree Protocol
. White Paper Virtual PortChannels: Building Networks without Spanning Tree Protocol What You Will Learn This document provides an in-depth look at Cisco's virtual PortChannel (vpc) technology, as developedMore information
Network Virtualization for Large-Scale Data Centers
Network Virtualization for Large-Scale Data Centers Tatsuhiro Ando Osamu Shimokuni Katsuhito Asano The growing use of cloud technology by large enterprises to support their business continuity planningMore information
Cloud Infrastructure Planning. Chapter Six
Cloud Infrastructure Planning Chapter Six Topics Key to successful cloud service adoption is an understanding of underlying infrastructure. Topics Understanding cloud networks Leveraging automation andMore information
ZEN LOAD BALANCER EE v3.02 DATASHEET The Load Balancing made easy
ZEN LOAD BALANCER EE v3.02 DATASHEET The Load Balancing made easy OVERVIEW The global communication and the continuous growth of services provided through the Internet or local infrastructure require toMore information
Aerohive Networks Inc. Free Bonjour Gateway FAQ
Aerohive Networks Inc. Free Bonjour Gateway FAQ 1. About the Product... 1 2. Installation... 2 3. Management... 3 4. Troubleshooting... 4 1. About the Product What is the Aerohive s Free Bonjour Gateway?More information
Making the Business and IT Case for Dedicated Hosting
Making the Business and IT Case for Dedicated Hosting Overview Dedicated hosting is a popular way to operate servers and devices without owning the hardware and running a private data centre. DedicatedMore information
VPLS lies at the heart of our Next Generation Network approach to creating converged, simplified WANs.
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) A WAN that thinks it s a LAN. VPLS is a high security, low latency means to connect sites or services either point-to-point or as a mesh. We use Virtual Private LAN ServiceMore information
IRATI - Investigating RINA as an Alternative to TCP/IP
Títol de la presentació de powerpoint IRATI - Investigating RINA as an Alternative to TCP/IP FIRE Engineering Workshop, Ghent, Belgium November 6th, 2012 Sergi Figuerola Project coordinator Director @More information
Analysis on Virtualization Technologies in Cloud
Analysis on Virtualization Technologies in Cloud 1 V RaviTeja Kanakala, V.Krishna Reddy, K.Thirupathi Rao 1 Research Scholar, Department of CSE, KL University, Vaddeswaram, India I. Abstract VirtualizationMore information
TOPOLOGIES NETWORK SECURITY SERVICES 1 R.DEEPA 1 Assitant Professor, Dept.of.Computer science, Raja s college of Tamil Studies & Sanskrit,Thiruvaiyaru ABSTRACT--In the paper propose about topology securityMore information
Software Defined Exchange (SDX) and Software Defined Infrastructure Exchange (SDIX) Vision and Architecture
Software Defined Exchange (SDX) and Software Defined Infrastructure Exchange (SDIX) Vision and Architecture Tom Lehman, Brecht Vermeulen, Marshall Brinn, Niky Riga, Larry Landweber DRAFT DO NOT DISTRIBUTEMore information
Product Overview. UNIFIED COMPUTING Managed Hosting Compute Data Sheet
Product Overview Interoute provide our clients with a diverse range of compute options delivered from our 10 carrier-class data centre facilities. Leveraging our extensive and diverse next generation IPMore information
Network Virtualization
Network Virtualization What is Network Virtualization? Abstraction of the physical network Support for multiple logical networks running on a common shared physical substrate A container of network servicesMore information
OVERLAYING VIRTUALIZED LAYER 2 NETWORKS OVER LAYER 3 NETWORKS Matt Eclavea (email@example.com) Senior Solutions Architect, Brocade Communications Inc. Jim Allen (firstname.lastname@example.com) Senior Architect, LimelightMore information
Network Virtualization and SDN/OpenFlow for Optical Networks - EU Project OFELIA. Achim Autenrieth, Jörg-Peter Elbers ADVA Optical Networking SE
Network Virtualization and SDN/OpenFlow for Optical Networks - EU Project OFELIA Achim Autenrieth, Jörg-Peter Elbers ADVA Optical Networking SE Networked Systems (NetSys) 2013 Stuttgart, 14.03.2013 OutlineMore information
SINET. Optical Network Testbeds Workshop 3 (ONT3) September 8, 2006. Jun Matsukata National Institute of Informatics
SINET Optical Network Testbeds Workshop 3 (ONT3) September 8, 2006 Jun Matsukata National Institute of Informatics 1 SINET The Science Information Network (SINET) has been serving as the information networkMore information
How Router Technology Shapes Inter-Cloud Computing Service Architecture for The Future Internet
How Router Technology Shapes Inter-Cloud Computing Service Architecture for The Future Internet Professor Jiann-Liang Chen Friday, September 23, 2011 Wireless Networks and Evolutional Communications LaboratoryMore information
Virtual Data Centre Public Cloud Simplicity Private Cloud Security
Virtual Data Centre Public Cloud Simplicity Private Cloud Security www.interoute.com Interoute Virtual Data Centre Virtual Data Centre (VDC) is Interoute s Enterprise class Infrastructure as a ServiceMore information
Architecture of distributed network processors: specifics of application in information security systems
Architecture of distributed network processors: specifics of application in information security systems V.Zaborovsky, Politechnical University, Sait-Petersburg, Russia firstname.lastname@example.com 1. Introduction ModernMore information
State of Texas. TEX-AN Next Generation. NNI Plan
State of Texas TEX-AN Next Generation NNI Plan Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION... 1 1.1. Purpose... 1 2. NNI APPROACH... 2 2.1. Proposed Interconnection Capacity... 2 2.2. Collocation Equipment Requirements...More information
M.Sc. IT Semester III VIRTUALIZATION QUESTION BANK 2014 2015 Unit 1 1. What is virtualization? Explain the five stage virtualization process. 2.
M.Sc. IT Semester III VIRTUALIZATION QUESTION BANK 2014 2015 Unit 1 1. What is virtualization? Explain the five stage virtualization process. 2. What are the different types of virtualization? ExplainMore information
Demonstrating the high performance and feature richness of the compact MX Series
WHITE PAPER Midrange MX Series 3D Universal Edge Routers Evaluation Report Demonstrating the high performance and feature richness of the compact MX Series Copyright 2011, Juniper Networks, Inc. 1 TableMore information
SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKING AND OPENFLOW Freddie Örnebjär TREX Workshop 2012 2012 Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. 2012/09/14 Software-Defined Networking (SDN): Fundamental ControlMore information
Remote PC Guide Series - Volume 1
Introduction and Planning for Remote PC Implementation with NETLAB+ Document Version: 2016-02-01 What is a remote PC and how does it work with NETLAB+? This educational guide will introduce the conceptsMore information
OpenNaaS based Management Solution for inter-data Centers Connectivity
OpenNaaS based Management Solution for inter-data Centers Connectivity José Ignacio Aznar 1, Manel Jara 1, Adrián Roselló 1, Dave Wilson 2, Sergi Figuerola 1 1 Distributed Applications and Networks AreaMore information
White Paper: Carrier Ethernet
White Paper: Carrier Ethernet Activity and Task: JRA1 T1 Target Audience: NREN technical networking specialists Document Code: Authors: J. Kloots (SURFnet), V. Olifer (JANET) Acknowledgement: The researchMore information
Brocade and EMC Solution for Microsoft Hyper-V and SharePoint Clusters
Brocade and EMC Solution for Microsoft Hyper-V and SharePoint Clusters Highlights a Brocade-EMC solution with EMC CLARiiON, EMC Atmos, Brocade Fibre Channel (FC) switches, Brocade FC HBAs, and BrocadeMore information
Second-Generation Cloud Computing IaaS Services
Second-Generation Cloud Computing IaaS Services What it means, and why we need it now Prepared for: White Paper 2012 Neovise, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Cloud Computing: Driving IT Forward Cloud computing,More information
基 於 SDN 與 可 程 式 化 硬 體 架 構 之 雲 端 網 路 系 統 交 換 器 楊 竹 星 教 授 國 立 成 功 大 學 電 機 工 程 學 系 Outline Introduction OpenFlow NetFPGA OpenFlow Switch on NetFPGA Development Cases Conclusion 2 Introduction With the proposalMore information
Towards a virtualized Internet for computer networking assignments
Towards a virtualized Internet for computer networking assignments Luis Bellido, David Fernández, Encama Pastor Abstract By combining virtualization technologies, virtual private network techniques andMore information
Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a core networking technology that
MPLS and MPLS VPNs: Basics for Beginners Christopher Brandon Johnson Abstract Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a core networking technology that operates essentially in between Layers 2 and 3 ofMore information
SummitStack in the Data Center
SummitStack in the Data Center Abstract: This white paper describes the challenges in the virtualized server environment and the solution that Extreme Networks offers a highly virtualized, centrally manageableMore information
Computer Networking Networks
Page 1 of 8 Computer Networking Networks 9.1 Local area network A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school, officeMore information
Cisco Nexus 1000V Switch for Microsoft Hyper-V
Data Sheet Cisco Nexus 1000V Switch for Microsoft Hyper-V Product Overview Cisco Nexus 1000V Switches provide a comprehensive and extensible architectural platform for virtual machine and cloud networking.More information
Non-blocking Switching in the Cloud Computing Era
Non-blocking Switching in the Cloud Computing Era Contents 1 Foreword... 3 2 Networks Must Go With the Flow in the Cloud Computing Era... 3 3 Fat-tree Architecture Achieves a Non-blocking Data Center Network...More information
CLOUD NETWORKING FOR ENTERPRISE CAMPUS APPLICATION NOTE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This application note proposes Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN) as a solution technology to deliver departmental segmentation, businessMore information
Welcome to this overview about Software-Defined Networking, or SDN, and Network Virtualization. This training course will not only provide the technical background to SDN, but will also show the valueMore information
The Keys for Campus Networking: Integration, Integration, and Integration
The Keys for Campus Networking: Introduction Internet Protocol (IP) is considered the working-horse that the vast majority of current and future applications use as the key technology for information exchange,More information
CloudEngine Series Data Center Switches. Cloud Fabric Data Center Network Solution
Cloud Fabric Data Center Network Solution Cloud Fabric Data Center Network Solution Product and Solution Overview Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches are high-performance cloud switches designed forMore information
Testing Network Virtualization For Data Center and Cloud VERYX TECHNOLOGIES
Testing Network Virtualization For Data Center and Cloud VERYX TECHNOLOGIES Table of Contents Introduction... 1 Network Virtualization Overview... 1 Network Virtualization Key Requirements to be validated...More information
Addressing Inter Provider Connections With MPLS-ICI
Addressing Inter Provider Connections With MPLS-ICI Introduction Why migrate to packet switched MPLS? The migration away from traditional multiple packet overlay networks towards a converged packet-switchedMore information
software networking Jithesh TJ, Santhosh Karipur QuEST Global
software defined networking Software Defined Networking is an emerging trend in the networking and communication industry and it promises to deliver enormous benefits, from reduced costs to more efficientMore information
Virtualization, SDN and NFV
Virtualization, SDN and NFV HOW DO THEY FIT TOGETHER? Traditional networks lack the flexibility to keep pace with dynamic computing and storage needs of today s data centers. In order to implement changes,More information
How to Configure an Initial Installation of the VMware ESXi Hypervisor
How to Configure an Initial Installation of the VMware ESXi Hypervisor I am not responsible for your actions or their outcomes, in any way, while reading and/or implementing this tutorial. I will not provideMore information
Lightpath Planning and Monitoring
Lightpath Planning and Monitoring Ronald van der Pol 1, Andree Toonk 2 1 SARA, Kruislaan 415, Amsterdam, 1098 SJ, The Netherlands Tel: +31205928000, Fax: +31206683167, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 SARA, KruislaanMore information
CloudLink - The On-Ramp to the Cloud Security, Management and Performance Optimization for Multi-Tenant Private and Public Clouds
- The On-Ramp to the Cloud Security, Management and Performance Optimization for Multi-Tenant Private and Public Clouds February 2011 1 Introduction Today's business environment requires organizationsMore information
Brain of the Virtualized Data Center
Brain of the Virtualized Data Center Contents 1 Challenges of Server Virtualization... 3 1.1 The virtual network breaks traditional network boundaries... 3 1.2 The live migration function of VMs requiresMore information
EVOLVING ENTERPRISE NETWORKS WITH SPB-M APPLICATION NOTE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Enterprise network managers are being forced to do more with less. Their networks are growing in size and complexity. They needMore information
Network Technologies for Next-generation Data Centers
Network Technologies for Next-generation Data Centers SDN-VE: Software Defined Networking for Virtual Environment Rami Cohen, IBM Haifa Research Lab September 2013 Data Center Network Defining and deployingMore information
Fujitsu Dynamic Cloud Bridging today and tomorrow
Fujitsu Dynamic Cloud Bridging today and tomorrow Contents Cloud Computing with Fujitsu 3 Fujitsu Dynamic Cloud: Higher Dynamics for Enterprises 4 Fujitsu Dynamic Cloud: Our Offering 6 High Security StandardsMore information
Designing Applications with Distributed Databases in a Hybrid Cloud
Designing Applications with Distributed Databases in a Hybrid Cloud Evgeniy Pluzhnik 1, Oleg Lukyanchikov 2, Evgeny Nikulchev 1 & Simon Payain 1 1 Moscow Technological Institute, Moscow, 119334, Russia,More information
Introduction to computer networks and Cloud Computing
Introduction to computer networks and Cloud Computing Aniel Nieves-González Fall 2015 Computer Netwoks A computer network is a set of independent computer systems that are connected by a communicationMore information
MPLS L2VPN (VLL) Technology White Paper
MPLS L2VPN (VLL) Technology White Paper Issue 1.0 Date 2012-10-30 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. 2012. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by anyMore information
Roland Bless, firstname.lastname@example.com. Stephan Baucke Ericsson Research
Network Virtualization within FP7 EU Project 4WARD Network of the Future Roland Bless, email@example.com Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe Stephan Baucke Ericsson Research 1 4WARD OverviewMore information
Cloud Computing and the Internet. Conferenza GARR 2010
Cloud Computing and the Internet Conferenza GARR 2010 Cloud Computing The current buzzword ;-) Your computing is in the cloud! Provide computing as a utility Similar to Electricity, Water, Phone service,More information


text:
Cross-species applicability of chicken microsatellite markers for investigation of genetic diversity in Indian duck (Anas platyrhynchos) populations
TypeJournal Article
AccessibilityLimited Access
MetadataShow full item record
Mukesh, Javed, R., Gaur, U., Jianlin, H. and Sathyakumar, S. 2011. Cross-species applicability of chicken microsatellite markers for investigation of genetic diversity in Indian duck (Anas platyrhynchos) populations. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(76): 17623 - 17631
Permanent link to cite or share this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10568/35271
We obtained blood samples of 57 Indian ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) belonging to three indigenous duck populations of geographically distinct locations of the country and genotyped them using chicken microsatellite markers. Twenty three of the 30 loci were amplified and 17 loci yielded high success rate (> 91%). Observed and effective number of alleles ranged from 4 to 21 and 1.80 to 13.34, respectively. The observed heterozygosity across populations ranged from between 0.15 and 0.91, with mean (± SE) of 0.63 ± 0.21, while the expected heterozygosity ranged 0.45 to 0.94 with mean (± SE) of 0.72 ± 0.13. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.43 to 0.92 with an average of 0.68. Eleven loci confirmed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05) and no evidence for linkage disequilibrium was observed among pairs of loci. Dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance grouped Assam and West Bengal duck populations and separated the Uttarakhand duck population. The results provide evidences of the applicability of chicken microsatellite markers in determining the genetic variations and relationship among three ducks populations in India.
RegionsASIA; SOUTH ASIA
- ILRI articles in journals [4809]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New Delhi, Feb 16: An alleged middleman in the VVIP helicopter deal has claimed that he knew the "family" of former Air Chief S P Tyagi and had met one of his cousins at a wedding in Switzerland, according to the investigations.
The wedding meeting took place soon after S P Tyagi's appointment as the Air Chief in December 2004, the probe report claims.
The investigation report prepared by the Italian prosecutors also claimed that one of the middleman was also able to arrange a meeting with S P Tyagi.
"My partner and Gerosa had a long and good terms with the Tyagi family. I knew the three Tyagi brothers... At the wedding of my partner's daughter I met Juli Tyagi. The wedding took place in Lugano (in Switzerland)," one of the alleged middleman 'ADR' has reportedly told the Italian prosecutors.
According to the documents, 'ADR' also recognised the photograph of Julie Tyagi during prosecution, claiming that he had, "long and good terms with the Tyagi family."
Julie has denied allegations about his involvement in the scam and said he was open to any inquiry.
The report has claimed the three Tyagi brothers, cousins of S P Tyagi, are alleged to have received kickbacks of around Rs 72 lakh from the middlemen.
ADR has also reportedly told the prosecutors that he learnt about the Indian tender to buy these choppers and S P Tyagi's appointment as the IAF chief from the three brothers.
"I learned from Gerosa that he in turn had learned from Tyagi brothers that Indian government was interested in the supply of helicopters to transport the most high personalities of the state. This happened in 2005. I had also said that a first cousin of Tyagis became Chief of Staff of the Indian Air Force," he reportedly told the prosecutors.
Gerosa's name has reportedly surfaced in the Rs 3600 crore deal to procure 12 VVIP choppers by the Indian government.
'ADR' also allegedly told the prosecutors that he had a meeting with former CEO of Finmeccanica Giuseppe Orsi where they discussed the helicopter tender.
"Thanks to Indian notables of my knowledge, I was able to organise a meeting between Zappa (believed to be another middleman) and the Chief of (Air) Staff, Air (Chief) Marshal Tyagi," he said.
The issue of bribery in the defence deal resurfaced after the arrest of Orsi and AgustaWestland CEO Bruno Spagnolini in Italy for paying kickbacks.
The investigation report suggests that the S P Tyagi had met the middlemen more than six to seven times and allegedly briefing them about the developments in the contract.
According to Italian prosecutors, kickbacks to the tune of Rs 360 crore were allegedly paid in the Rs 3,600 crore deal for supply of 12 helicopters by Italian firm AgustaWestland.


text:
Shake, Burger, and Roll: Our Lunch with Bobby Flay
June 8, 2012
One day last week the phone rang.
"Hi, this is Brooke, calling for Chef Bobby Flay!"
Must be a wrong number, I thought.
She said she wanted to invite Loyola magazine to a media event at the opening of Bobby's new restaurant in Hanover, Md.
"Is there a Loyola connection?" I asked, wondering why I hadn't heard that Bobby Flay was a Loyola graduate.
The phone fell silent. "Well, no," she said. "But we'd like to make one!"
With the deadline for our August issue approaching quickly, I was tempted to say no. But the theme of the August issue—well, besides, the absolutely exhilarating lacrosse championship we're still talking about non-stop here—is food. And here we were offered the chance to meet a well-known TV chef. I said I'd be there—and I'd bring my colleague and magazine art director, Malia Leary, who is a superior photographer.
Before we drove to the new Bobby's Burger Palace this morning, we asked our followers on Facebook and Twitter for questions to ask. Some of the comments made us laugh, such as "Ask him how to cook a Terrapin! Loyola has that recipe already." Other commenters were looking for practical advice. I wrote them in my notebook and brought them along, hoping I'd have a chance to talk with Bobby himself.
Near the top of my list was the request from students involved in the GreyComm TV show "Domestically Challenged." They wanted to know whether Bobby Flay would be willing to come as a guest host for their show. It was a long shot, but he had invited us to his place. Why not invite him to ours?
Arriving at Bobby's Burger Palace, we slid into chairs and I found myself next to a Loyola graduate, Shannon Degen Morgan, '99, senior editor for online media at Maryland Life Magazine. We chatted Loyola and met other members of the media—including a student blogger from another college, a freelance writer for the Maryland Beverage Journal—while we waited for Bobby to come out of the kitchen.
And then, seeming a little uncertain and maybe even nervous, he was there. And he had plenty to say.
He talked about his idea for his first burger place (this is his 10th): "A lot of people said to me, 'Because the economy's bad, is that why you're opening this burger place?' I said, 'Well, no. I'm not an economist…' Growing up when I was a kid, burgers was what I would eat. Chefs when they go out to restaurants, we're not looking for foie gras and caviar. We're looking for comfort food."
He gave us a glimpse into his restaurant philosophy: "Good habits make good food. Bad habits make bad food."
He talked about American food: "I think it's the best in the world. There's so many different cuisines. When most people look at the map, they see cities. I see ingredients. Why not take those and utilize them on top of the burger."
When he thinks of Baltimore and Maryland, he sees: "Crab, and so I'm not sure I'm ready to put a crab cake on top of a burger yet. I mean, people do it. Obviously, Old Bay. There's too many places in the city and state that make great crab cakes, and I don't want to compete with that."
He has eaten good Maryland crab cakes at: The Prime Rib and Woodberry Kitchen
Grill or griddle the burger? "I'm known for grilling, but I'm griddling the burgers here," he said. "When the fat melts, it cooks itself in the juices. It's not losing the flavor on the grill."
How he seasons a burger: kosher salt and freshly ground pepper on both sides
What about the cheese? "There's a sign in each of these kitchens that says, 'Bobby says, melt the cheese completely.'"
How long it took him to perfect his milkshake: "A year and a half."
How much ice cream is in his shake: 11 oz.
Making great French fries requires two days: Scrub them, hand crank them through a French fry cutter, and soak them in cold water overnight. The next day pat them dry, blast them in canola oil at 300 degrees until they are soft but not brown. When the fries are ordered, the cooks fry them again—now at 375.
His go-to spices: "I use chili peppers all the time," he said. "To me my most important spice is black pepper. In all my restaurants, we take a coffee grinder and grind pepper and it's perfectly ground."
If you have room for only one kitchen gadget: "I think a blender is good. You can make frozen drinks and shakes, and you can make great sauces and dressings with it."
So how about coming to Loyola and appearing on "Domestically Challenged"? Would you come star on our students' show? He listened to the question as he wrote "Go Greyhounds" while autographing one of his cookbooks. "It's a good name," he said. "Sure. I'd love to."
Hey, maybe we might create that Loyola connection after all. Stay tuned.
No Comments
RSS feed for comments on this post.


text:
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. A situation, in a soap opera or similar serial fiction, in which a new storyline explains or changes a previous event or attaches a new significance to it
- v. To employ such a device
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
A portmanteau blend of "retroactive continuity", retcon comes from the world of comics and represents the idea of "correcting" past facts to represent a new desired reality.
In the pages of a comic book, or in turning the inevitable setbacks in life into learning experiences, retcon is the way we (re -) invent the universe.
I also don't really think the word retcon is a dirty word either - Spider-Man, for instance, is enjoyable to me for the first time ever in comic form and has me looking back at the pre-marriage era - and can be a useful tool, assuming they're used properly and fans don't get their panties in a bunch over the most minute details.
And even if they do, I'm calling retcon, not a deliberate plan.
(A backward change like that is called a retcon, short for "retroactive continuity.")
One of the most useful words that I've been fixated on for a while is "retcon".
A lot of people call the act of taking old continuity and making it invalid, or inserting new continuity into old text, the "retcon," standing for "retroactive continuity."
seanan_mcguire: Thoughts on Writing #30: Continuity Trapper Keeper.
The first known use of the term "retcon" was by writer/editor Roy Thomas in the letter column of All-Star Squadron #20 April, 1983.
It this can really be considered a "retcon" it has to eb seen as, at least, a different type of retcon that usual.
Thoughts on Joe Quesada's One More Day Interviews | Comics Should Be Good! @ Comic Book Resources
I'd think trying to "retcon" the technology of Foundation with modern stuff would be a a mistake -- besides messing with the atmosphere, there's too much chance of introducing something that would screw up the plot constraints.
retcon, n.
The Guardian, 28 September 2018:
The latest act of retroactive continuity (or "retcon" as it's become known) to the source material comes via the final trailer for Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, which confirmed that the mysterious character played by Korean actress Claudia Kim is in fact Nagini, the same Nagini who was Lord Voldemort's right-hand-snake in the original books and film series.
"Short for 'retroactive continuity', retcon refers to the act of changing or adding to historical 'facts' in a work of serial fiction.
The most recent Star Wars movie trilogy also served to fill in some of the gaps in the story. Superman Returns (2006) pretended that the awful Superman III and Superman IV never happened - which is no doubt exactly what the producers (and most critics) would have preferred. Fittingly, the term was first used by Superman's publisher, DC Comics.
It has been used recently to describe more serious history - Like Keith Windschuttle's controversial take on native Tasmanians (which suggested that, despite what everyone thought, they weren't massacred by white settlers after all). It's also called revisionism, but retconning sounds snappier and less academic."
- 'FYI' in GW, Mark Judder, 23 Feb 2008.
It's also a very difficult word not to misread (at least for me). ;-)
Retroactive continuity. In serial fiction, copying a previous scene in a later episode, but changing or clarifying details to fit with the evolving storyline. It creates contradictions and holes in the story canon but eases the writing of new plot points.


text:
In late January, the space that was formerly a Ruby's Diner at 3020 New Center Point became Stevie Ray's Eastside Grill.
Owner Steve Link, who operated the Ruby's franchise for the past five years, says the change comes because "we wanted to do our own thing. We wanted more menu flexibility."
Stevie Ray's serves all three meals of the day, but Link talks up its diverse dinner menu, milkshakes and a 3-to-5 p.m. happy hour featuring $2 drinks and $1 "munchies." There's live magic on Tuesdays from 5:15 to 7:45 p.m., and model trains circling the ceiling all the time. (Awesome!) Call 380-7829 or visit stevierayseastsidegrill.com.
After closing its doors a few months ago, Texas T-Bone has reopened at 2070 S. Academy Blvd. Dave and Mary Crimmins, who opened the steakhouse 15 years ago and sold it four years ago, took over again in November. They've expanded the menu and redecorated, but you still can toss the shells of your complimentary peanuts on the floor. Call 465-1629.
Asian Garden (1747 S. Eighth St.) changed its name to Little Nepal in early February. According to owner Raj Adhikari, everything else at the restaurant remains the same; he just wanted people to realize that he's serving Indian and Nepalese food, rather than Chinese or another Asian cuisine. Call 477-6997.
Message received
A bit of national news: Representatives from the grassroots Food Democracy Now! organization report they had an encouraging meeting with new Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack, to whom they delivered 87,000 signatures calling for sustainable change at the USDA. Also: President Obama selected one of its "sustainable dozen," Kathleen Merrigan, as deputy agriculture secretary. Visit fooddemocracynow.org for more.
Best from the barrel
For its fourth annual Spring Fling, the Winery at Holy Cross Abbey (3011 E. U.S. 50, Cañon City) will release a trio of reserve wines during March. Each release party (Merlot, March 12; Cabernet Sauvignon, March 19; Sauvignon Blanc, March 26) will feature apps by a local chef as well as discount wine pricing and barrel tastings of its rare 2007 Syrah. Admission is $5; call 719/276-5191 for more.
Wait for Gaspare no more
In November, we reported on the shaky future of a place called Vincenzo's on Gleneagle Drive, and its hopeful chef, Gaspare Licata.
An update: According to Licata's cousin and soon-to-be employee Paula Coffee, Gaspare's Italian Bistro and Bakery will open sometime this month in Parker, featuring a pastry chef and three sous chefs along with Licata. Call 303/805-9200 soon for more.


text:
Farmers offered package to help solve debt woes
The Federal Government is offering a package of measures aimed at helping struggling farmers alleviate their debt.
Under the scheme, farmers will be offered low-interest loans of up to $650,000 over two years to help them restructure debt and invest in productivity.
The Farm Management Deposits Scheme will also be expanded to allow more farmers to take advantage of the generous tax deductions.
There will be more rural financial counsellors and the Government will work with banks to ensure farmers are receiving consistent financial advice across the country.
Agriculture Minister Joe Ludwig says the package will help "lighten the load" for farmers struggling with the high Australian dollar and depreciating land values.
"It is important. What we'll do is boost assistance to farmers because many of them are struggling under acute levels of debt and with the high dollar, depreciation of land values is putting significant pressure on many farmers," he said.
"When you discuss these issues with parts of the agricultural sector, including the banks, they are experiencing some higher debt pressures out there due to some lower land valuations, lower product prices, and high input costs.
"All of that is making, right at this time, it a little difficult for farmers to continue to compete in some sectors."
Liberal Party Senator Arthur Sinodinos said while the package will provide some relief, it does not go far enough.
"This deals with some immediate issues and provides some immediate relief, but I think we need to go further," he said.
"I'm also a bit cynical about this announcement being made in the company of Bob Katter.
"I'm not sure what the significance of that is unless the Government under Wayne Swan as the Treasurer is trying to cosy up to Mr Katter."
The New South Wales Farmers' Association says while it will provide some relief, it is concerned low interest loans will exacerbate landowners' debt.
The association's vice-president, Peter Darley, says the assistance should be retrospective and apply to existing loans.
"It's all very well for farmers to go in and borrow more money at low interest - it's still got to be paid back," he said.
"It should be looked at as an offset [to] current loans to reduce the burden on farmers because farm debt is the major issue that was impacting on farmers, particularly in the wheat belts of Western Australia, north Queensland area and the cattle industry as well, and that's rolled through to every industry."
The WA Farmers' Federation says the Commonwealth relief package will help struggling eastern wheatbelt growers stay on the land.
The announcement comes just days after Western Australian Premier Colin Barnett announced an emergency and exit package for farmers in his state.
That package concentrated on farms that had been judged viable, but also offered a $20,000 exit grant for farmers to walk away from the land.
Topics: rural, agricultural-policy, federal-government, government-and-politics, business-economics-and-finance, australia
First posted


text:
Written by Sandra K. Webster, Senior Lecturer '00-01
A graduate student introduced me to han early in my time at Korea University. He was struggling to explain his complex psychology research project in English but could not find the words. He told me he was experiencing han but he couldn't tell me what it was. The word han was not in the lexicon of cross-cultural emotions and it intrigued me.
I soon discovered that Korean professors of my generation would not discuss han with me. They simply said, "We don't talk about han." I turned to Korean students who gave me a basic understanding of the Korean national emotion, han, through a series of writing assignments, speaking exercises and group discussions culminating in an experiment. This psychological research into the meaning of the emotion led to a deeper understanding and appreciation for Korean arts.
Han can be described as the experience of holding a painful emotion deep in one's heart while not expressing the pain directly. If not resolved, han can lead to psychosomatic illness and other psychological problems. Indirect sublimation of han, however, can both reduce the pain and build character. According to the students, the creation or experience of art representing deep experience and sublime expression of the complex emotion is an appropriate form of sublimation.
Korean pottery (for example Koryo celadon and Punch'ong stoneware) is justifiably famous for its subtle beauty and superb craftsmanship. As a psychologist and potter, I feel a kinship with the makers of Korean ceramics, as if my own spirit is compatible with the people who used their craft and art to express such sublime sentiments. Indeed, it was Korean pottery that prompted me to study in Korea.
Korean students were eloquent in their written and spoken descriptions of han. They described the Chinese character for han — which has a vertical line that represents a splinter in the heart — and they differentiated this term han from the homophonic terms meaning the Korean people, the number one and the Han River.
The students explained that han resulted from injustice, some terrible situation that was neither caused by nor under the control of the person experiencing han. They linked han to Korea's division into North and South, about its history of foreign domination and about the hierarchical nature of Korean society. The students also described the key features of han; it is experienced but not expressed, it is understood as a Korean national trait and its resolution builds positive character. When I lined them up to get a picture of the facial expression of han, these very polite Korean students laughed at me. I hadn't read their essays at that point, nor heard their discussions: Han is not expressed on the face.
The quantitative study of the emotion was an experiment assessing the ways Korean students and their parents perceived it. My graduate students and I presented a description of han, altering the age (25 vs. 50) and gender of the person experiencing it. The experiment measured emotion words used to describe the experience, perceived consequences and methods of resolving han.
We found that han was perceived to be strongest for the middle-age man and the young woman depicted. We also found many positive perceived outcomes of han, and reiterated the strong connection to the Korean arts as a means of resolving han, ranging from traditional Korean musical styles such as Pansori to modern Korean movies.
My deepest interest as a scientist is what han tells us about the general nature of emotion. What are the dimensions of feeling? How are complex emotions experienced, expressed and resolved? My continuing research has produced consistent evidence for three dimensions of emotion using the emotion label ratings given for the han scenarios by South Korean and American samples. The strongest dimension is the pleasure-pain dimension, commonly called the valence of the emotion. Han is perceived as mostly painful. The second dimension is arousal, and han situations tend to produce high arousal. The final dimension is dominance-subordination. This dimension is often neglected in emotion research using only Western participants. Han is perceived as a subordinate emotion in that it is reactive and disconnected from a sense of personal agency.
Over the past 10 years I've conducted a series of experiments on the dimensions of emotions attempting to elicit han-like emotion memories in American students by varying the agent of a negative situation and the outcome of that situation. Han is a deep emotion experienced because of a negative outcome to the self caused through no personal agency, which makes it very different from guilt or shame. The results of this research have supported the importance of the dominance-subordination dimension in understanding basic emotional processes, even in Western samples. It has not produced evidence for the positive benefits of han through sublimation in American samples. American college students, in general, don't seem to understand the concept of sublimation or of personal growth through conscious, prolonged suffering. Han has positive as well as negative consequences for Koreans through its indirect expression. [1] Direct investigation alone cannot work well because one of the key characteristics of han is that it is not directly expressed. This is why my colleagues in South Korea could not talk with me about it.
Han should be implicitly understood by those in the group, and not discussed, especially with outsiders. The students could speak and write about the general experience of han because of their relationship to a professor. Vertical communication of sensitive information is more acceptable. The Korea students could not demonstrate a facial expression for han. Han is not expressed on the face; it is most often expressed by making or observing artistic presentations.
Being aware of the importance of han for Korean arts allowed me to see its expression in poetry, songs, drama and visual arts. It was most clear for me in the sublime work of modern Korean potters. The perfect melding of form, function, decoration and color in a vessel made of clay, especially of the soil of one's homeland, can express deep emotion through the visual and kinesthetic senses.
As a potter I also tried to indirectly express han in my own work. Through a class at the National Museum of Art in Seoul I discovered the strength, malleability and smoothness of Korean clay. It is a metaphor for the Korean people, strong, resilient and adaptable. Decoration of the clay form is as important as the materials in Korean pottery. The decorations, congruent with the forms, add to the its emotional expression. As I learned through a Korean folk dancing class, Korean art has the superficial appearance of being spontaneous, but that spontaneity is possible only because of the many hours of training, highly developed skills and a very clearly defined cultural lexicon for expression of emotions through non-verbal means.
As I've studied emotion over the last decade I've come to a deep appreciation of han. It made me curious about another Korean emotion I have not had the opportunity to study through a psychological research program. One consequence of han is that when properly resolved it can strengthen connections between persons and the rest of their group (present and past). Jeong, or a strong feeling of "we"-ness, may be directly related to han.
In my pottery I've attempted to express jeong through a series of bowls. These bowls are decorated with a chain of people, arm in arm, as I witnessed the South Korean school girls on the streets of Seoul. Because the people form a closed, complete circle there is a unity of the group; no one is on the end. The group surrounds the bowl and holds it up on the outside. The same pattern of interlocked friends is also on the inside of the bowl where they can share in receiving whatever contents are placed inside. I hope this series communicates — subtly under the celadon glaze — the strength of human connection in groups with a shared history, purpose and future.
As an American I am free to express han, or at least the academic research into it, in ways that are difficult for my South Korean colleagues. When I presented the results in Korea, some members of the audience cried. They told me: "You tell us who we are."
I've been pursuing han since I was first introduced to it 11 years ago. Because of this, my understanding of art, life and people has been made richer. Han, like the Korean people, is not an emotion to be understood or experienced quickly. Its resolution, with patience, perseverance and deep contemplation, is essential to understand both the human experience of emotion and artistic expression.
Sandra K. Webster was a 2000 Fulbright Lecturer in Psychology at Korea University and Sungshin Women's University in Seoul.
[1] Choi, S.-C., & Kim, K. (2003). A conceptual exploration of the Korean self in comparison with the Western self. In K.-S. Yang, Hwang, Kwang- Kuo, Pederson, Paul B. & Diabo, Ikuo (Ed.), Progress in Asian social psychology (pp. 29-42). Westport, CN: Praeger.


text:
10 Reasons to Swap Your Regular Chai with Herbal Hibiscus Tea
Around the world, chai or tea is an all-time favorite and comforting beverage. For some, drinking tea is part of the tradition and has a cultural bearing. Drinking tea is known to cure fatigue and moderate the effects of alcohol. It is a mild stimulant and healthy for the heart. Some tea contains mild caffeine, unlike Hibiscus tea which is free from caffeine. Instead, it includes Antihypertensive that treats hypertension and hypocholesterolemic properties of flavonoids extract that provides health benefits. Aside from that, it contains a high antioxidant. Hence, Hibiscus tea does more than your regular chai. Consider the ten proven reasons to swap yourRead More →


text:
But that doesn't change my mind about delay of game minors being the best and most consistent way to deal with a situation that used to be one of a fair number of piss-me-off non-calls in the "vintage" game. Right up there with clutch-and-grab, interference, and slashing. Fortunately, the league addressed those to my satisfaction after the '04-'05 lockout (although I don't like the interference that has crept back into the game; not nearly as bad as in the old days, but it's having an effect on the offensive game).
Last edited by AngelEyes; February 6th, 2018 at 11:22 AM.


text:
by Carl L. Hager
Is it possible?
Seven years later and all we have to show for the return of Return to Forever, the once and future kings of jazz/rock--that mighty musical organization whose infinite musical influence Sting referred to as "scorched earth" for the way they set such a star-high standard for jazz, for rock, forever--is...nothing. The kings have still not reappeared.
Return to Forever, when last seen on our fair planet Earth, had completed a world tour and capped it off with an announcement that a DVD/CD, compiled from their live performances, was imminent. Then nothing happened.
Nothing continued to happen. Being privy to some of the machinations and inner tickings and tockings of that organization, I wrote this, on October 31, 2008: http://jazzjazzersjazzing.blogspot.com/2008/10/dark-tales-from-black-forest.html
As Jon Gruber (@gruber) would say, a little bird had told me, chirpped it into my ear, that something was not right in the Black Forest of Big Music.
The king was dead.
More correctly, the kings were dead. Well, not dead exactly. Otherwise occupied probably says it. They've moved on. Saying they are dead would imply that kingmaker Chick Corea and his co-kingmaker, bassist Stanley Clarke, guitarist and tintinnabulist Al Di Meola, and keeper-of-the-time Lenny White, were the walking dead. That would be unfair.
It would also be unfair, and inaccurate as well, to say that no DVD was ever issued. Claude Nobs, founder and organizer of the prestigious Montreux Jazz Festival, has been filming or video-ing selected performances since first mounting his festival in 1967, and has documented some of the greats. There is nothing wrong with those recordings. But the performances can be uneven, and tend to be staged-looking and unimaginatively recorded. In some ways they are intended more as historical recordings than entertainment. The performance Nobs captured of the reunited Return to Forever band falls in that category for me. Even though the band tried to rev up the crowd at the end and get some excitement going, it wasn't meant to be. None of the band looks comfortable. The brewing problems with Al Di Meola, which ironed out a lot as he and the others did additional performances of the new arrangements, is evident in the tentativeness on some tunes. I saw the Montreux DVD once and had no interest in seeing it again.
So let's get real. There's been no DVD released that shows the incredible magic of what these guys were doing that summer of 2008. To do the tour justice would have required investing lots of time and energy, not to mention expense. Professional camera work at multiple locations and venues to ensure a wide selection of useable performances, plus good-quality sound and video editing in post-production, would have required a dedicated effort. And I can attest that it would have been worth every dime and minute. I saw and heard music performed that is beyond anything I'd imagined I would hear--and I was very familiar with their recorded output. This was an opportunity to record what ultimately was the last meeting of these four players, a band who were among the pioneers spawned by Miles Davis's Bitches Brew sessions. They, along with Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter in Weather Report, John McLaughlin and Mahavishnu Orchestra, Tony Williams's Lifetime and Herbie Hancock's Headhunters, revolutionized jazz. To say that the token effort in documenting their tour was disappointing doesn't begin to express it.
Do you know what is, hands down and far and away, the all-time, most-read item on this blog, ever? The story I published stating that the DVD was coming. For the last seven years, music fans have been searching for clues all up and down the block. People from here in the U.S. and Japan, Russia, Ukraine, Poland, England, France, Germany, Latvia, Brazil, Norway, Sweden, Chile, China (yes, I'm allowed through the firewall there) and scores of other jazz-friendly countries, have been the real living dead. Well not really, because to say that would be unfair. But all of them have made their pilgrimages and come to my blog in search of news of Return to Forever's DVD. And found nothing.
Well, here's the bad news. There is no band called Return to Forever any more. If you want to know why:
1) Read or re-read the linked article cited above, "Dark Tales of the Black Forest." That gives you your first clue.
2) Ask yourself who or what could make any of this happen. Who or what would want to make it happen? Who (okay, let's skip the "or what"... "whats" don't stop anything, "whos" do) would consider his/her/its issues with self-importance to be so overwhelming that it meant leaving Return to Forever to pass into the dark black forest of Time, there to die like highlanders twisting from a garrotte's rope in the cold wind, and in the process deny all those beautiful fans of their combustible confluence of jazz and rock?
Who, indeed.
Once you have worked that out, you can fairly dismiss the real walking dead, the lawyers. They take their pounds of flesh and eat it like caviar. They're not only incapable of killing the music, they need it and come back for more. You can also dismiss the shiftless politicians the world over who repeatedly make laws that favor those lawyers, being lawyers themselves. All the insane laws that have been designed and re-designed to make it possible for the corporate hellhounds at the Big Three/Four (new math)--Universal Music Group/Sony BMG/EMI Group (recording), Sony/ATV (publishing), and Warner Music Group--to rip off all the recording artists, are actually not materially different than they ever were, no matter how they are litigated, reinterpreted and reworded. With very few exceptions, their aim has always been to enrich those companies at the expense of the recording artists, going all the way back to Edison and RCA and the others.
What changed is the world itself.
That's the badder news. Thanks to the "free" music available on YouTube and Spotify and Pandora, you and I have stopped supporting our favorite artists by not buying their CDs/records/downloads. Worse than that, we are unwittingly aiding and abetting piracy. YouTube's policy is to remove illegal posts only when they receive a formal complaint--if the pirate poster violates the copyright and uploads it again the next day, it stays until another complaint is received. But we listeners/viewers are oblivious to all this and just keep going back for more. We have died as active participants in the marketplace, and have come back as larcenous Undead Music Fans.
We can blame the Congress of the United States for the outdated and suppressive copyright laws governing artists' rights. Why not blame them for it? We're blaming them for everything else. If that's what makes your confused little head feel better, go ahead.
But until you and I start purchasing music again, the artists' fortunes will not improve.
Remember the movie Galaxy Quest? Tim Allen, Sigourney Weaver, Alan Rickman and one of the finest science fiction scripts ever?
One of the finest science fiction scripts ever? How can you say that, Carl?
Here's how. A band of badly misinformed aliens convince a bunch of cynical, coddled Hollywood actors that the silly little show Galaxy Quest has been the spiritual raison d'etre that has kept their alien race believing in themselves and moving forward. And in the process, they give the actors of Galaxy Quest a reason to live again themselves. Simple plot. It's the history of every religion and every civilization since the beginning of time. We can come back to this later, and I'll fill you in on the secret of life.
In the meantime, for anyone not following along, here's the deal. Return to Forever can be brought back from the dead. No distraught guitarist jumping off the edge of the world could ever stop it. No lawyer could sue or counter-sue often enough and fast enough to delay it. No record company could fail to distribute and promote a record so long that they could keep it from happening.
As Galaxy Quest's Captain James Nesmith (Tim Allen) said, with conviction and before it was too late, "Never give up. Never surrender."
So what the hell is it that hundreds of millions of guilty non-consuming music fans can ever do about it? How can the contrite walking dead breathe a breath of fresh air and start eating apple pie a la mode and stop consuming the flesh of their own musical heroes?
Buy or download a recording of your favorite artist today! Listen to it tonight as you distribute sugary little snacks for the trick-or-treaters!
Never give up! Never surrender!


text:
We had a great evening with judge Danny McCaughan for the final round of our Photographer of the Year competition. From the five finalists he picked Brian Matthews as the winner – congratulations, Brian. The other four were Jenny McCullough, Shirley Kelly, Joe Rattigan and David Fitzgerald. In an interview afterwards the judge said "All were fantastic. It was difficult to pick a winner". Brian now appears on our Honours Roll page.
One comment on "Photographer of the Year"
Well done to Photographer of the year …
Leave a Reply
You must be logged in to post a comment.


text:
Hip Arthroscopy in Sacramento
A ball and socket joint formed where the upper end of the thighbone (femoral head) fits snugly into a socket in the pelvis (acetabulum), the hip is pivotal to mobility. Within the hip, a friction less surface (articular cartilage) covers the surfaces of the joint and allows the two bones to glide easily during movement, while a thin fluid-producing membrane called the synovium supplies further lubrication. Another layer of cartilage, called the labrum, surrounds and deepens the acetabulum to further support the joint.
While hip pain can result from a traumatic injury, such as a fall, it is most often due to the degeneration of the joint over time. As the body ages, the soft tissues, including the labrum and articular cartilage, that once supported the joint and allowed pain free movement, can become worn down. This condition is known as osteoarthritis, which can affect and inflame the tissues of the hip.
Other causes of hip pain include:
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) – bone overgrowth (spur) within the joint cause damage and inflammation
Dysplasia – an abnormally shallow acetabulum causes the labrum to be more vulnerable to tearing
Synovitis – the synovium tissues become inflamed
Hip Bursitis (trochanteric bursitis) – the bursa, a fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction between the bony point of the hip and the surrounding muscles, becomes inflamed
If hip pain is chronic and debilitating, it may be necessary to visit an orthopedic surgeon. Along with a discussion of symptoms, Dr. Gotham will perform a physical examination of the hip. Depending on the individual case, additional tests, such as x-rays or MRI, may be recommended to better pinpoint the root cause of the joint pain.
Dr. Gotham will initially recommend conservative, non-surgical treatment methods, such as activity modification, medications (including injections), or a physical therapy regimen, to reduce inflammation in the hip. If the debilitating pain persists, Dr. Gotham may recommend hip arthroscopy as a surgical solution to alleviate the joint pain.
From the Greek "arthro" (joint) and "skopein" (to look), arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that affords the surgeon a view from the inside of the affected joint, allowing for accurate diagnosis and treatment of joint problems. A fiber-optic camera (arthroscope) is inserted through a small incision over the hip, which feeds images to an in-room monitor. With a clear view of the joint, Dr. Gotham can then treat the joint using miniature surgical instruments that are inserted through secondary incisions.
As a minimally invasive procedure, hip arthroscopy potentially benefits patients by reducing tissue damage, scarring, and blood loss. Furthermore, arthroscopic procedures are often performed on an outpatient basis, with patients recovering more rapidly than from a traditional hip procedure.


text:
*Attention to all hospital visitors: In order to keep our patients as safe as possible this flu season, we've made some changes in visitation at maternity and pediatric units. Learn more
Phelps recognizes the importance of emotional support during a patient's hospitalization, and we realize that support may come from any individuals who play a significant role in a person's life. The hospital allows for the presence of visitors of the patient's choice, unless the visitors' presence infringes on the rights or safety of others, or is not in the medical best interest of the patient.
Please note that the main entrance to the hospital lobby is open:
When the entrance is closed, you may enter the hospital through the Emergency Department entrance on the other side of the campus.
Following are visiting hours, which vary by unit.
6 am – 8:30 pm; limited to 2 visitors at one time. Visitors' Lounge is located outside the operating room.
Visitation in the ICU may be restricted based on the condition of the patient and in accordance with federal and state law. Only two visitors are permitted at a time.Visits may not take place from 7:00 am – 8:30 am and 7:00 pm – 8:30 pm. Please call from the waiting room for permission to enter.
11:30 am – 8:30 pm
Visiting hours are 24/7 for fathers or significant others. Siblings 12 and under must wear hospital-issued ID band.
11 am – 8:30 pm
Visiting hours are 24/7 for hospice or terminally ill patients.
11:00 am – 8:30 pm
Parents may visit 24/7.
Mon – Fri: 6:00 pm – 8:00 pm; Sat/Sun/Holidays: 3 pm – 5 pm
Sat: 2 pm – 6 pm; must be pre-approved by social workers and visit must begin by 2 pm.
Sat: 10:30 am – 2:30 pm; must be pre-approved by social workers and visit must begin by 10:30 am.
At nurse's discretion; visitors are subject to infection control policies.