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There are currently 1 comments and 2 photos online for this walk.
|Duncton and Sutton
|Author: West Sussex Weekends, Published: 07 Jun 2016
|Walk Rating:
|West Sussex, Petworth
the pdf
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|Hi, I'm Katherine and this is my West Sussex Weekends walk. This 5 mile walk from Duncton takes you through a mix of landscaped parkland, mature woodland, pastures, fields and streams with a pretty village and pub at the halfway point – perfect! A great route and a memorable day. To read my full story visit www.west-sussex-weekends.com so I can tell you why I think you will love this walk and what highlights to expect. The West Sussex Weekends website is a great resource where you will also find ideas for places to stay, eat and drink plus plenty more inspirational stories to tempt you to explore more corners of West Sussex.
The walk has several gentle climbs and descents throughout but there are no particularly steep sections. The paths and bridleways can be very muddy at times and, whilst most of the paths are of generous width, there are about three short, narrow sections that are prone to becoming overgrown in summer. You will need to negotiate several kissing gates plus 5 stiles (all of which have gaps in the surrounding fencing that should be suitable for most dogs to pass through). You will need to cross two pastures that may be holding cattle so take care in these fields, particularly with dogs. Allow 2.5 to 3 hours.
Duncton is located about 3 miles south of Petworth in West Sussex. The walk starts and finishes from the Burton Park N-bound bus stop which sits at the junction between the A285 and Willett Close. If you are coming by car, park in Willett Close (with respect for the local residents). Approximate post code GU28 0LA.
|Start to Burton Park Chapel
Start point: 50.9469 lat, -0.6346 long
The walk begins at the Burton Park N-bound bus stop which is on the A285, at the junction with Willett Close. Standing with your back to the bus shelter, turn right along the pavement and cross over the entrance for Willett Close. Immediately afterwards, cross over the A285 with care to turn left through the black entrance gates for Burton Park (signed as a public footpath). Follow the driveway passing West Lodge on your left and then continuing through woodland.
|Burton Park Chapel to Crouch Farm
Start point: 50.9496 lat, -0.624 long
Continue on the driveway with open fields to your left and the buildings of Burton Park to your right. Stay with the driveway as it swings left, leading you away from the main buildings and out between open fields. Just before the drive swings right, look out for the ancient sweet chestnut tree on the left (thought to be 400 years old). It is worth taking a moment to appreciate the gnarled twisting giant trunk of this ancient beauty. Turn right here, continuing on the main driveway and follow it between a handful of properties each side.
|Crouch Farm to Locketts Cottage
Start point: 50.9456 lat, -0.6119 long
Turn left along the lane, taking care of any occasional traffic. Follow the lane through the dip and just as it begins to climb, turn right to join the woodland path, signed as a public bridleway. This site, known as The Warren, is a nature reserve managed by Sussex Wildlife Trust. At the end of the woodland you will emerge to a junction with an access drive, with a house to your right. Bear left along this drive and keep right at the fork to reach a junction with the road.
|Locketts Cottage to Sutton Village
Start point: 50.9381 lat, -0.6035 long
Cross the stile and join the grass path which passes a timber garage block on your right and then swings right to pass behind the cottages. You will come to a kissing gate ahead. NOTE: You may come across cattle in the next two fields. Pass through the kissing gate and another one in quick succession to reach the edge of a large pasture. Walk at about 11 o'clock, following the sparse line of oak trees on your right.
|Sutton Village to Stream Bridge
Start point: 50.9308 lat, -0.6077 long
Turn left, following the road downhill and taking care of any traffic. Ignore any paths signed off to the sides, simply follow the village road passing between the various stone and flint properties. Just before a sharp left-hand bend, you will come to The White Horse pub, perfect for mid-walk refreshments. Turn right immediately before the pub, into the pub car park, and then fork right up the embankment to join the fenced footpath.
|Stream Bridge to Folly Lane
Start point: 50.933 lat, -0.6141 long
Cross the bridge and the stile ahead to enter a meadow. Walk ahead, staying close to the right-hand fence line, for about 25 metres to reach a fingerpost. Take the path at about 1 o'clock, leading you uphill to reach another stile. Cross this and turn immediately left to join a path with a tree line on your left (and probably an electric fence on your right). At the top of the field, keep straight ahead to join the stone farm track.
|Folly Lane to End
Start point: 50.9385 lat, -0.624 long
Turn very sharp right (almost back on yourself), passing through the gap alongside the pair of metal vehicle gates. Follow this farm vehicle track with a fence running on your right. Down in the valley bottom to your right you will be able to make out the mansion of Burton Park. In the distance at about 11 o'clock you will see another mansion house sitting at the base of a hillside. This is Lavington Park which today houses an independent school, Seaford College.
Text and images for this walk are Copyright © 2016 by iFootpath and the author WSW and may not be reproduced without permission.
Such a wonderful walk, thank you Katherine! Easy to follow, beautiful scenery & a good mix of woodland, open pastures & picturesque lanes and hamlets along the way. Unfortunately the pub halfway was closed for refurbishment (Oct 17 due to reopen late Spring 18). We completed it with our little Yorkie at a brisk 2 hours exactly.
|By izzmat on 28 Oct 2017
The information in this guide has been provided in good faith and is intended only as a guide, not a statement of fact. You are advised to check the accuracy of the information provided and should not use this guide for navigational directions nor should you rely on the accuracy of the weather forecast. You are advised to take appropriate clothing, footwear, equipment and navigational materials with you according to the current and possible weather and nature of the terrain. Always follow the country code and follow any additional warnings or instructions that may be available. Some walks may be very strenuous and you are advised to seek medical advice if you have any doubts as to your capability to complete the walk.
Powered by World Weather Online.
|Image by: West Sussex Weekends
Uploaded: 30 Jun 2016
|Image by: PoppyP
Uploaded: 18 Mar 2017
Apple App Store Review (Canada) 2018
I used it for two weeks when I was on holiday on the UK and I found it reliable and accurate. The descriptions of landmarks was spot on. I enjoyed the walks all the more because there was no worry about getting lost. The historical notes and various "insider knowledge" enhanced my appreciation of the beautiful landscapes. Highly recommended, worth every penny. I just wish I had something like this where I live in Canada.
Google Play 2018
Best walking app I've used, the routes have always been better than expected. Not only are they picturesque, they are also easy to follow.
Google Play 2018
Loving this app. Initially had a few glitches but these all went away after a bit of tweaking the settings. I have used the app for 6 walks so far and have discovered lovely local walks that I would have never known about. The walk descriptions and directions have been really accurate. The live map has been helpful in checking that I haven't gone off course.
Newsletter Feedback 2018
Just completed my first walk using the @ifootpathuk app on my phone. A nice walk and we didn't get lost (as I have no sense of direction whatsoever that is high praise!) #hiking #Snowdonia #walking #adventure
Twitter Feedback 2018
Just completed my first walk using the @ifootpathuk app on my phone. A nice walk and we didn't get lost (as I have no sense of direction whatsoever that is high praise!) #hiking #Snowdonia #walking #adventure
Google Play Review 2018
Super fast help to sort out my problem. Well done and nice friendly reply as well.
Help Centre August 2018
Super fast help to sort out my problem. Well done and nice friendly reply as well.
iOS Appstore November 2017
Great App - never get lost! by The Parallax View Best couple of quid I've spent in a long time. Walks are well described & it's easy to see if you've wandered off the mapped tracks via GPS. Degree of difficulty is useful too - can choose a 2 Welly, 5 mile walk with a pub at the end for a relaxing Sunday.
Email November 2017
Wow what a lovely experience it was using your app worked perfectly from the off for the first time found walks nearby we would have never found, brilliant work guys and gals.
This is a great app. Easy to use. Great selection of walks and very uncomplicated instructions, good simple maps. Other walking apps I have tried can be very confusing, this one is just right. Thank you
I used the app for the first time this afternoon. I lead regular 'Walking for Health'. The app is terrific!
I do a lot of solo walking...so always worry about safety and getting lost.....not anymore I don't...!!!!! The guides are always spot on....and that's what I do.just follow the blue spot...!!! Thank you.... It's my favourite app...!!!!
My wife and I did your Petworth and Shimmings Valley walk yesterday. It was absolutely beautiful and enhanced by the wonderful weather. Your instructions were the clearest I have ever used for walking.
Without doubt the best app that I have ever downloaded! - NT
This App is brilliant. It enables you to track your walks and download them for future reference. The Library provides you with a variety of walks and are supported by clear instructions and photographs along the route. This makes them very easy to follow. I have used the App for about two years and have found it invaluable. Should you have any queries about any aspect of iFootpath the support you get is second to none.
Absolutely beautiful walk, and a wonderful app. Thank you so much :)
I want to congratulate you on your web site/app performance, quick, reliable and easy to use. I have similar walking apps with OS Maps and ViewRanger but yours is best.
This app has totally changed my life, i absolutely love it. I did this walk yesterday, what a beautiful walk it is, i thoroughly enjoyed it and would definitely do it again, in fact i met an older gentleman who was on his 100 and something time there!! My sister and daughter cant wait to come along. The noise mentioned about the motorway is negligible and for me did not detract from the overall walk at all, the view from the top was stunning!!
So far I have downloaded 5 walks and completed 3 of them, tomorrow will be No 4. I love your website The walk descriptions are the best I have used in the last six years of rambling since I retired. This is a website I would be more than happy to pay a subscription for, instead I'll donate a sum to my favourite charity. THANK YOU.
Have deleted Pokemon Go and downloaded @ifootpathuk which is much more 'me'
I love the illustrated descriptions of each walk section. Really helps to enjoy the walk and get to know something about what I'm seeing. So much better than apps that only provide GPS co-ordinates and no photos or description. Love it!
After trying out numerous other apps I came across this one: way ahead of any of the others in every way. Much more accurate and very easy to use with great features. Would highly recommend it as THE app to use for walking.
Just wonderful, with walks for everyone: the fit, the not-so-fit, short walks, long walks, through woods, up hills (and down).
I highly recommend it, as my mum and I use it to go for walks and finish by eating at a pub. Its detailed and sometimes humorous instructions lead us easily to our destination. Also, to top this, it has interesting facts about the area we're walking in
I don't review much but this app deserves it. Downloaded some really good walks and the combination of the good descriptions and the really useful map of the walk showing where you are make it a brilliant tool. Well done and keep up the good work.
Very enjoyable and well described route. Views over the river from the warren were stunning.
Fantastic walk and amazing views. Great directions though I followed the GPS map mainly
Great walk, instructions were very detailed, perfect!
This may be the best walk I've ever done. It was certainly the best directions.
Even on a cold windy day with it trying to snow this was still an excellent walk. We managed it with our 2 children of 5 yrs and one in a all terain pram (a defo no no with a normal pram). Will be doing this one again in the summer.
Used app while visiting (it was great!)--live in Texas. Thanks!
Your app and walks are a dream to use
Did this walk this morning with our three little girls and we all love it. Great day outdoor!


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As some of you may know from my tweets I'm currently holidaying in Mexico :). Some lovely peoples have offered to guest post for me!!
Hi i'm Lydia from Lydiasparkles and I have a bit of a nail polish addiction! I decided today that I have far too many nail polishes, so now my mission is to blog about them all. Essie are fast becoming my favourite nail polish range, they have some lovely colours but really come into their own in Autumn. So today I'm going to show you my top 5 Essie polishes for Autumn.
1 – Essie Sand Tropez
This is a new favourite, but it's a lovely nude and suits my pale hands. It needed 3 coats to be even, but it wasn't too bad to apply.
2 – Essie Angora Cardi
This is a cult classic I think, perfect for the start of Autumn and before we all transition to the dark shades.
3 – Essie Power Clutch
Everyone needs a grey in their collection! I'm not a huge fan of black so turn to this instead. It applied beautifully in 1 coat, but I always like to apply 2 coats.
4 – Essie Chinchilly
This colour is one of my favourite polishes ever! It's the perfect mix of brown and grey and goes with everything. If you like taupes then I strongly suggest you buy this.
I wanted this polish for a long time and I finally caved this year, I think this is just the perfect colour for Autumn time. It applies perfectly in 2 coats and will go with all your cozy jumpers.
Thank you Charli for letting me guest post and feel free to come visit me at lydiasparkles.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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It's free with no obligation - cancel anytime
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Monday, April 16, 2007
Dred Scott - Breakin' Combs (1994)
01 Back In The Day
02 Duck Ya Head
03 Can't Hold It Back
04 Check The Vibe ft Adriana Evans
05 Dirty Old Man (Skit)
06 Story
07 To Da Old School
08 Funky Rhythms
09 Swingin' From The Tree
10 Intro
11 Nutin' Ta Lose
12 Liar
13 Rough E Nuff
14 My Mind Is Driftin'
15 They Don't Know
16 Frankie's Groove
9 comments:
This Dred Scott - Breakin Combs album is absolutely amazing! (no wonder it costs like 60quid on amazon)
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"Doctors know that the menstruating woman tends to be irritable, lethargic, depressed, violent or in rare cases, suicidal. She is less punctual and more forgetful; she may even be temporarily less intelligent. Last week, in the British Medical Journal, Dr. Katharina Dalton suggested that menstruation makes a woman more likely to be involved in an accident."
That was Time magazine's summary of "Menstruation and Accidents," published by Dr. Dalton in the November 12, 1960, edition of the British Medical Journal. Dr. Dalton found women were much more accident-prone in the days just before or just after the onset of menstruation. She attributed this to "slow reaction time and loss of judgment."
Dr. Dalton was also credited with coining the term PMS (premenstrual syndrome) in 1953.
* Full text of study: @
* Full text of Time article: @
* "The prophet of PMS": @
* "Once a Month: Understanding and Treating PMS" (first published in 1978): @
* "Schoolgirls' Behaviour and Menstruation" (1960 study by Dalton): @
* Dalton obituaries:
-- @ (The Times, London)
-- @ (The New York Times)
-- @ (The Lancet)


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Pickathon, an innovative weekend music festival located in the aptly-titled Happy Valley, Oregon, will open on the 1st of August and run through the 3rd. Over the course of the weekend, you can see bands like X, Parquet Courts, Unknown Mortal Orchestra, Courtney Barnett, Angel Olsen, Warpaint, Jonathan Richman, Mac DeMarco, and many others. Recently added to that list are more KEXP favorites, including The War On Drugs, Destroyer, Black Lillies, and Those Darlins. It goes without saying that these and many other bands are just a few of the reasons why you should travel out to the Portland area this summer.
In today's video premiere, we present another KEXP favorite from last year, Ty Segall, performing "Crazy" live at Pickathon on the picturesque Woods Stage, an intimate venue which appears strikingly similar to a giant bird's nest. It's a great performance by Segall, and just a hint of what's to come at this year's Pickathon. You can still get tickets here!


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Mocktails and the Choctails Christmas Collection
Development of the Mocktails collection is going well. We've got a few flavours already and several others currently in development. I've also been working on expanding our Christmas collection
and have got some exciting new flavours currently in test. We're keeping the Christmas Pudding, Mulled Wine, Sloe Gin and Snowball, but I haven't decided if I'm going to keep the Port & Stilton in the collection. It's one of those flavours that people either love or hate, so it could be a contentious issue if I decide to include it. On the other hand, it's so quirky that it might be a selling point. In the meantime I'll keep testing the martinis to work out which one(s) to include.


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The Respect Launch
Here is the speech that Finn McKenzie (Year 6 Student Leader, 2015) shared with us on the evening.
Pronounced [ri-spekt]
Esteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of a person, a personal quality or ability, or something considered as a manifestation of a personal quality or ability. If you hadn't guessed already, that was the textbook definition.
Respect is widely regarded as one of the best values a person can have. Respect envelops a lot of other qualities such as kindness and empathy and I believe that having and showing respect can definitely mean that it will make life easier later on.
I think a massive part of respect is being kind, friendly, helpful and caring. You can take the lead in everything you do and organise people efficiently and tell others what and what not to do but for me none of those things will ever mean respect without kindness. Being kind is giving others flexibility in what they do and letting them think for themselves, as well as doing those nice little things for others. Those things are what I wish for all the time and if I get one it absoulutely makes my day.
Next on my list, empathy. In a nutshell, empathy is thinking about how other people are feeling and then relating to how they are feeling by taking pieces from your own past experience. I think empathy relates in lots of ways to kindness, in particular caring for other people. You know if people care for you a lot if they voice their empathy and it definitely makes me feel better when somebody tells me some of their past experiences.
Lucky last. I don't really know how to say this in one word so I'll say it with the same words I thought it up with. Knowing and accepting other people's differences. A lot of people find this hard to do and find themselves saying or thinking negative things about different people. I myself don't really think of people different from me as different, rather unique. I find uniqueness is more often associated with good qualities as opposed to different. This part of respect for me is definitely one of the most important parts, partially because it takes a very strong-minded person to fully lock in this quality. One thing that I really enjoy thinking about is this: It doesn't matter what you look like, what you believe, what ethnicity you are, because at the end of the day, where are all human.
So that's it from me. Respect. By Finn McKenzie.
Respect To Me
By Alex Brown
I believe that respect can be shown in many different ways and we can find ways to practice showing respect many times in everyday life - at school and at home. Respect could be shown in a person's attitude, actions or work.
Different Ways of Showing Respect
A really important way of showing respect is listening without interrupting when someone is speaking or providing an idea. Sometimes this is hard and you want to jump in and offer your opinion, but it's better to wait until they have finished speaking.
Another way of showing respect is to say thank you when someone has done something nice for you. My sister and I have to write thank you cards or letters for any Christmas or birthday presents we get. Turning up on time and doing what you say you will are great ways of showing respect - this is particularly important when you're part of a team who are relying on you to be there at a certain time.Respecting others abilities is important and congratulating them when they do well - like when we are playing netball and someone gets a goal. It's always nice to respect others opinions and choices, and encouraging them through them.
Most important of all - you need to respect yourself.
This speech is by Laila Patchett (Year 6, Student Council Representative, 2016)
Hi I'm Laila and I'm one of the student councillors here at ngaio school.
Tonight we are at a gathering organised by our wonderful teachers at this great school and I would like to acknowledge all the work that has been put into this event. I would especially like acknowledge all the work done by the pta,Amanda, Mr Mackie( Our host) and Jordyn our photographer. Please give all of them a big hand.
This evening is about the launch of our values at this school. We are a fabulous school with a great community feel and we are always trying to enhance that.
The values are key competencies that we would like to have in our school. These are things like Curiosity, Resilience, respect, integrity, excellence and belonging.
The first value we have selected is Respect.
If you show respect to your fellow learners and teachers you will get to know each other a lot better. A good relationship between pupil and teacher can help everyone's learning.
Also If you show respect to others you will get respect back and that will lead to an all round happier community.
As you probably all know, all schools have some children that are sometimes not on their best behavior. But what you choose to do to deal with it is a different matter. Some schools would choose to punish those children, but that is where Ngaio school is different. We choose to remind kids about respecting other people and in my opinion that is much more effective than punishment.
Respect is about accepting other people and treating them how you would like to be treated. As Dr Seuss said " A person is a person, no matter how small."
I hope you all have enjoyed this evening and have had a great time.
Thank you


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During my postgraduate years, I prepared income taxes for corporations, trusts, estates, and individuals as a clerk, staff accountant, and eventually a business owner. In 2004, I purchased the family-owned Golden Income Tax & Accounting Inc. based in Thomasville, AL, a firm focused on individual taxes. After moving to Panama City, FL in 2005, I started my second firm, HSG Accounting Inc, with a focus on assisting companies and their owners. In 2014, I sold this firm and purchased a construction company, converting their office operations to an automated system and handling their books. Soon after, I began my newest venture: Golden Tax Relief LLC.
I felt it was important to open Golden Tax Relief LLC because of my own past experiences with the IRS. In 2012, I had my identity stolen, and someone tried to file my taxes without my knowledge. It took four years for me to get it straightened out. After several trips to the sheriff's department, letters to the IRS, and dealing with the Taxpayer Advocate office, I finally got it straightened out. It was a mess! I know how the IRS works, and it was extremely frustrating to know what needed to be done, yet be unable to get their help. I can only imagine how someone who doesn't know or understand the IRS must feel. It messed up my ability to file electronically, and also led to creditor issues.
Dealing with the IRS is terrifying for someone who has never dealt with them. You don't know what to say to them, and you live in fear and anxiety from the IRS auditors. They are the world's most notorious collection agency. They have an unbelievable amount of power, and this is where you need protection. I know and understand what they can do, and I can protect you from letting them take money out of your account and garnishing your personal wages. The techniques that we use at Golden Tax Relief also help put an end to the future collection issues and threatening letters in the mail. Our tax resolution services will help you fix your credit, lift the burden of tax problems, and finally buy that car or home.
Our Values
Peace. Protection. Posterity.
My goal is to help my clients feel at peace by representing them knowledgeably, to protect them by working within the confines of their rights, and to let them know that their posterity will be secure in the years to come.
Golden Tax Relief, LLC, is a Tax Negotiation and Mediation firm that specializes in providing affordable solutions to businesses and individuals alike who, for whatever reason, find themselves at odds with the IRS. Our experienced staff will represent you in front of the IRS, allowing you to continue with your life. You will not have to speak with an IRS agent.
My goal is to help my clients feel at peace by representing them knowledgeably, to protect them by working within the confines of their rights, and to let them know that their posterity will be secure in the years to come.


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Saturday, 1 February 2014
Leeds 5 Huddersfield 1 - Decision to sack the unsacked McDermott vindicated?
Now, would GFH Capital have turned that bid down? They grabbed less than 50% of that for Becchio and accepted the hopeless Morison as part of the deal this time last season, so its probably pretty safe to say no. In fact, quite a few Leeds fans might have said yes to that kind of money!
But with Crookillino promising to pump money into the club, Cardiff were told to take a running jump. And with McCormack smashing home another three goals today, that is looking a pretty good decision at the moment.
McCormack will, of course, come out and say something like, "That was for Brian" but it's a bit late for the Leeds players to be playing for Nice Guy Brian now - unless, in the mad mad world of Leeds United, the decision to dismiss McDermott is overturned.
What's even stranger is that this was a return to the McDermott blue print. Whereas the last two teams were packed with Warnock's yard dogs, today's team featured Mowatt, Murphy, Kebe and Stewart. Did McDermott pick the team before he was sacked? Probably.
But he wasn't in the dressing room at half time was he? And it was presumably what was said in the break that turned a faltering performance into a rampant runaway victory.
So a new era has started with a 5-1 win and those in the McDermott lobby now have a few awkward questions to answer - and victory at bottom of the table Yeovil next week wouldn't make it any easier for them to defend their man. McDermott staked everything on the Feel Good Factor, but there was no Feel Good Factor inside Elland Road at kick off, and look what happened! Maybe angering these players is the way forward!
Unfortunately for Leeds, today's result hasn't really done a lot for the club's chances of being in the Prem next season, courtesy of wins for Blackburn, Ipswich and Reading. The gap to the playoffs is still eight points and Leeds are still only in tenth place in the table. But then that is the McDermott legacy after 9 months in control - 9 months of standing still given Leeds were still in the hunt - just - at this stage of last season with Warnock in charge.
What would be really funny, of course, would be for McDermott to come back and for Leeds to lose at Yeovil next week. Stranger things have happened at Elland Road!
23 comments:
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 17:55
whatever.west ham win but still in relegation zone!! guttedReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 17:55
crookillino?? thats poor even by your standards mate!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 17:57
Hi. Just one thing u got wrong. When Becchio left, he did not leave for 50% of 4 million +Morison. Leeds never got 2 million quid. They got two hundred thousand, plus that bag of bones. That's even sadder, I know, but such was life under Bates. I personally prefer this chaos over Bates. Season still over despite nice win but bring on the chaos - it will be a welcome change of pace from the calm descent into relegation dogfightReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 17:59
Unfortunately for West Ham today's 2-0 win didn't do much for their battle against relegation.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 18:01
oooooooooooooooooooooooohh Brian McDermott oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooohhh Brian McDermott - its amazing what such a bunch of vile animals can achieve !!!!!!ReplyDelete
No prem for us this year but we look forward to playing Best Spam next seasonReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 18:08
What would be even funnier is running into you at next seasons championship encounter between leeds and west hamReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 18:17
It must really get your fucking goat Nev that Ross scorned the chance to join a cockney super power to stay with a mid table championship club and arse rape the Huddersfield defence for a hat trick to boot. Hopefully he does the same to your fucking horrible porn king run club next season.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 18:42
Oh dear seems you've jumped the gun with your Uncle Fester picture you daft arsed cockney clown boy.ReplyDelete
Well a good day of football for all today, with both W.Ham and Leeds winning. What a great attendance at Leeds 31k, I must say I was surprised at the figure, considering Huddersfield only brought 2.6k. If Leeds win next week then we are back in it with a game in hand.ReplyDelete
- mr 40%1 February 2014 at 19:02
no chance of westhamutdonceproudclub fan turning up at a leeds and westhamutdonceproudcllub game 18;08 he as not attended a westhamutdonceproudclub game for well over 12 months..........but he as pretended to be at a game on several occasions.....................he does love his lazyboy,chessy puffs and 6 pack of skol.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 19:04
nice pic of uncle festa. why don't you put a pic of "our ray" next to it you sad prick? bet you wont allow this will you?ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 19:05
go on, a picture of Ray!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 19:31
Shhhhh Neville ,,ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 19:46
Ray is our hero. a genuine nice guy. unlike you mr poison.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 19:57
United are back,united are back,hello hello teehee.ReplyDelete
- whitearmy1 February 2014 at 20:05
Brian back on monday.great result today.the fans were the 12th man.brilliant support todayReplyDelete
- Anonymous1 February 2014 at 20:08
Crookillino? Fuck me that's bad, that's really bad.ReplyDelete
- Anonymous2 February 2014 at 02:33
west ham win today but still in bottom three ha ha ha see you next season muppetReplyDelete
Let's go sell some dildos let's go sell some dildos nah nah nah nah!!! nah nah nah nah!!!!ReplyDelete
- Anonymous3 February 2014 at 05:47
So, they let you take your lap top into hospital?ReplyDeleteReplies
Yep. Private hospital you see. But all streaming blocked sadly so couldn't watch West Ham, though the Stoke v Man U game was covered live on TV.Delete


text:
Monday, April 2, 2012
Taking a Bite out of the Big Apple - Part 1
7 comments:
- Liesl said...
You know I could not wait for this post!!! :) LOVE it, and it looks like you had lovely weather for your Big Apple visit! Yay! I love all your pictures, you are both SO cute together!!! You did have a great place to stay, and spacious is right...still figuring out how my downsizing will go! ;) Now, I think I need a slice of pizza right now! Oh how I love Central Park when the weather is nice...so pretty, and you captured a beautiful picture there together! Your yellow bag is darling too! I saw "How To Succeed" back when Matthew Broderick was plying Nick's part...yes, I'm that old! ;) This post makes me oh so happy!!! :) :) :)
- April 2, 2012 at 3:11 AM
- Seashells and Southern Belles said...
I've been watching that new show Smash and now I am all about wanting to see a play on Broadway!! Looks like y'all had a blast!
- April 2, 2012 at 8:28 AM
- Tabitha Mahoney said...
What a fun getaway, I told M that we had to go there tooo.
- April 2, 2012 at 1:09 PM
- Natalie said...
How fun! NYC is amazing. It'll be so fun to be so close when you're in Princeton!
- April 2, 2012 at 5:03 PM
- Glitterista said...
What a great trip! That condo is amazing, and so nice to have so much space and a place to relax with a glass of wine after a long day of sightseeing. I'd love to see How to Succeed In Business sometime, and that pie looks amazing! :)
- April 4, 2012 at 10:53 AM
- Molly @ Blonde Out Loud said...
Oh NYC. My favorite city! There's so much to do there even if you've been there a zillion times. I'm so glad to see that you enjoyed yourself and even got in a show!
- April 5, 2012 at 9:33 PM
- (BAD) Blog About Design said...
Looks like you both had a great time! I absolutely love the city. The cake looks so good.
- April 6, 2012 at 10:30 AM


text:
Night Walks...
Ripper and I walked our trail the other night as we do occasionally. Pleasant way to walk in the warmer weather. I use an LED headlamp I acquired at Wally World for less than $10. I chose one that used AAA batteries, not button batteries.
What we saw was brilliant little points of light shimmering like diamonds scattered everywhere, in the woods, in the lawn. I learned about these in Belize, though I forget who shared. They are spiders.
Mostly wolf spiders. There are 100 genera and approximately 2,300 species according to Wikipedia. They are mostly nocturnal. They are sight hunters. They have two eyes that are more prominent than the other four facing forward, suggesting binocular vision. Most of the nocturnal spiders are quite small. The larger are revealed by being able to distinguish their pair of primary eyes. In our walks we have seen densities of up to 1 per square foot, so they are a major component of many ecosystems.
Typical Wolf Spider family Lycosidae
Photo by Patrick Edwin Moran who shared this on Wikipedia
One other creature we encountered on a night walk was a Marbled Salamander. Normally I see these guys when I turn over logs or rocks. They come out at night during the breeding season, Sept-Nov. to search for mates. Males have white bands while females have grey. The photo below is one I found under a rock and posed on some moss.
Marbled Salamander, Ambystoma opacum
Linda and I went on a nightwalk in Costa Rica once looking for Fer-de-lance snakes. Our guides found several small snakes along a stream bed. Fer-de-lance, Bothrops asper, means iron spear head. They and their kin are commonly referred to as Lance Heads.


text:
This is a two part series - that's why there are two videos.
(You may need to visit this post at the Prosperity Project in order to view these videos.)
We all - "We all not only could know everything. We do. We just tell ourselves we don't to make it all bearable." ~Neil Gaiman


text:
To call "The One Facing Us" fragmentary, impressionistic and elusive would be an understatement. It is also, sometimes, confusing and difficult to follow, although in the end that hardly matters. Ronit Matalon's story (although there is never anything approaching a linear story line) of the scattering--to Israel, to Africa, to the United States--of a once-elegant, once-wealthy Egyptian Jewish clan draws you in like a child's fairy tale turned on its head, or a hazy but mesmerizing dream. It is full of strange and wondrous people and events, although it is soaked through, too, with the particular bewilderment of those who have been sideswiped by history.
The novel is built around a set of family photographs; each chapter attempts to "explain" the story behind the snapshot. It is narrated by 17-year-old Esther, who has been sent by her family in Israel to visit her Uncle Sicourelle, a tough, successful businessman in Cameroon. Esther herself remains a cipher--we learn almost nothing about her, and her flatness as a character (especially in dialogue scenes) constitutes the book's major weakness. But she is an astute observer of others, and a superb narrator of her family's history: its greatness, its stupidities, its cohesions, its ruptures, its radically imperfect modes of survival. "Everything had gone awry," Esther notes of the preceding generation, which, forced by both newfound poverty and new politics, abandoned Cairo in the late 1940s. "[E]ach uncle had been kicked into his own corner, left to determine his own life, unique as the initials embroidered, thread by thread, on his baby blanket and good sheets."


text:
Chalet Marie Charlotte
Megeve, France
Sleeps: 8 Guests
4 bedrooms
Very bright chalet
Chalet located in Combloux (la princesse) offering stunning views on the massif of Aravis.
Marie Charlotte chalet is very well furbished in a contemporary and uncluttered spirit. Well located at a 2 minutes drive from la princesse.;
Villa Surface: 160
Property surface: 600
Ground Floor :
Entrance hall, Bedroom 1 (140cm bed, bathroom), Bedroom 2
(160cm bed, open plan bathroom), dressing room, guests
toilets, Bedroom 3 (2 single bed, bathroom, toilets), Laundry
room with washing machin and dryer, garage for two cars
1st floor :
Dining room for up to 8 guests, fireplace, balcony access.
Living room with terrace access, open plan kitchen with garden
2nd floor :
Bedroom 4 (master bedroom with tv, bathroom, toilets, balcony


text:
Report NEP-COM-2004-04-25This is the archive for NEP-COM, a report on new working papers in the area of Industrial Competition. Russell Pittman issued this report. It is usually issued weekly.
Subscribe to this report: email, RSS or Twitter.
Other reports in NEP-COM
The following items were announced in this report:
- Myriam, Mariani, 2004. "What determines technological hits? Geography vs. firm competencies," Research Memorandum 003, Maastricht University, Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
- Item repec:wpa:wuwpem:0404003 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
- Peter Fusek, 2004. "Bundling Models in Retail Banking Sector /in Slovakia/," Microeconomics 0404006, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- William Pyle, 2003. "Reputation Flows: Contractual Disputes and the Channels for Inter-firm Communication," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 2003-633, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
- Item repec:dgr:umamer:2004007 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
- Kirchsteiger Georg & Alós-Ferrer Carlos, 2003. "Does Learning Lead to Coordination on Market Clearing Institutions?," Research Memorandum 053, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).
- Helmut Bester & Jozsef Sakovics, 2000. "Delegated Bargaining and Renegotiation," ESE Discussion Papers 61, Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
- Frederic Palomino & Jozsef Sakovics, 2000. "Revenue sharing in professional sports leagues: for the sake of competitive balance or as a result of monopsony power?," ESE Discussion Papers 59, Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
- Item repec:dgr:uvatin:20040004 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
- Littlechild, S.C., 2004. "'Mobile Termination Charges: Calling Party Pays versus Receiving Party Pays'(original and revised versions)," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 0426, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
- Barry Ubbels & Erik Verhoef, 2004. "Auctioning Concessions for Private Roads," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-008/3, Tinbergen Institute.
- Katarzyna Mikolajczyk & Barbara M. Roberts, 2004. "Who gets privatised? An empirical analysis of Polish manufacturing," Discussion Papers in Economics 04/9, Department of Economics, University of Leicester.
- Gerard Llobet & Meritxell Albertí & Ángel León, 2003. "Evaluation Of A Taxi Sector Reform: A Real Options Approach," Working Papers wp2003_0312, CEMFI.
- Item repec:dgr:umamet:2004009 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
- Uwe Cantner & Kristina Dreßler & Jens J. Krüger, 2004. "Firm Survival in the German Automobile Industry," Jenaer Schriften zur Wirtschaftswissenschaft (Expired!) 08/2004, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
- Randolph Sloof, 2003. "Price-setting Power versus Private Information," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 03-099/1, Tinbergen Institute.
- Radosveta Ivanova-Stenzel & Timothy C. Salmon, 2004. "Bidder Preferences Among Auction Institutions," Experimental 0404005, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- R. Mark Isaac & Timothy C. Salmon & Arthur Zillante, 2004. "A Theory of Jump Bidding in Ascending Auctions," Game Theory and Information 0404002, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Rander, Robin, 2004. "The German 3G Licence Auction: Did the Government's Stake in Deutsche Telekom Influence the Outcome?," Working Papers 2004:15, Lund University, Department of Economics.
- Item repec:dgr:uvatin:20040025 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
- Hennessy, David A., 2003. "Property Rights, Productivity, and the Nature of Noncontractible Actions in a Franchise System," Staff General Research Papers Archive 11750, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
- Ed Hopkins & Robert M Seymour, 2000. "The Stability of Price Dispersion under Seller and Consumer Learning," ESE Discussion Papers 52, Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
- Riel Allard C.R. van & Pahud de Mortanges Charles & Streukens Sandra, 2004. "Antecedents of industrial brand equity: An empirical study," Research Memorandum 011, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).
- Masaki Aoyagi & Guillaume R. Frechette, 2004. "Collusion in Repeated Games with Imperfect Public Monitoring," Levine's Bibliography 122247000000000127, UCLA Department of Economics.
- Alan D. Morrison, 2004. "Life Insurance: Regulation as Contract Enforcement," OFRC Working Papers Series 2004fe09, Oxford Financial Research Centre.
- Alexander Kempf & Stefan Ruenzi, 2004. "Tournaments in Mutual Fund Families," Finance 0404011, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Robin Boadway & Michael Keen, 2004. "Financing New Investments under Asymmetric Information: a General Approach," Cahiers de recherche 0407, CIRPEE.
- Hans Normann, Bradley Ruffle and Christopher Snyder, 2004. "Do Buyer-Size Discounts Depend on the Curvature of the Surplus Function? Experimental Tests of Bargaining Models," Royal Holloway, University of London: Discussion Papers in Economics 04/01, Department of Economics, Royal Holloway University of London, revised Apr 2004.


text: The boat in question was a near-antique. Predating the American entry into World War I, she had been built in 1916 by the Lake Torpedo Boat Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut, designated with the hull number SS-73. Unexpectedly, her ultimate fate in the hands of Philadelphia's scrappers was sidelined by an eccentric Australian gentleman, though it is safe to assume that no tears were shed in the U.S. Naval headquarters when he offered to take her off the Navy's hands. O-12 was given a new, though ultimately brief, lease on life, in a journey that was to span the breadth of the Atlantic Ocean and past the rim of the Arctic Circle. It was an expedition that in the literal sense would go where no man had gone before, furthering the frontiers of science…while simultaneously threatening everyone involved with watery graves and financial ruin.


text:
Attitudes toward genetically modified organisms in Poland: to GMO or not to GMO?
- 7k Downloads
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Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are a subject of on-going scientific, political and social discussions in Member States of the European Union (EU) concerning their use, benefits, risks, safety and limitations. EU societies have every right to substantive information and education in biotechnology, yet they appear to be misinformed by contradictory views and sensationalism. The present study investigated the level of knowledge and the attitude of citizens of Poland (n = 1021) towards the various uses of GMOs. As found, the use of GMOs in medicine and pharmacy received slight approval from the surveyed group, and was generally perceived as the greatest benefit of GMOs. In contrast, most respondents were against the production and distribution of GM food products on the Polish market or at least favoured the labelling of any product that contains a GM component. The majority of individuals who were willing to accept GM foods also demanded their labelling. The studied group revealed various concerns related to the safety of GM foods, particularly their potential effect on health and the environment. Generally, the greatest scepticism towards GMOs and GM foods was expressed by farmers, medical workers and school teachers while the greatest enthusiasm was shown by students of medical and life sciences, and researchers/academicians. Importantly, most of those taking part in the survey admitted that their knowledge of GMOs was insufficient, expressed a willingness to improve it, and expected school teachers, academicians and researchers to be actively involved in this process. In conclusion, the present study underlines the urgent need to implement evidence-based educational programmes so as to raise the public understanding of the current possibilities and limitations of GMO-based technology in Poland.
KeywordsGM foods GMO Consumers' acceptance Public opinion
Due to improved laboratory techniques and tools for genome sequencing, the pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is increasingly being investigated and developed on the market as a promising technology in drug manufacturing (Walsh 2005), high-resolution diagnostics (Panteli et al. 2015), human therapies (Jefferson et al. 2015), disease prevention, environmental management (Marinotti et al. 2013; Alphey 2014), bioremediation processes (Rylott et al. 2015), and food production (Brookes and Barfoot 2015),
At the same time, GMOs and GM foods in particular raise continuous public debate as regards their safety, risks, legislation, labelling and restriction (Burke 2012; McHughen 2013). It is beyond any doubt that GMOs are one of the most controversial technologies to appear on the market in recent decades. Consumer attitudes towards them vary across cultures and geographical regions (Chen & Li 2007). In Europe agro-biotechnology has long had a particularly bad press (Marris 2001) and its prospects have significantly worsened over the years (Papatryfon et al., 2008) although media coverage has recently become more balanced in some regions (Moses, 2012).
A number of reasons have been suggested as potentially responsible for the reluctant and sceptical attitudes towards GMO-based technology, including a lack of public understanding of the science, difficulties in defining what GMOs are exactly, ethical or religious beliefs, and little or no perception of the benefits that GMOs can bring (Comstock 2002; Sturgis et al. 2005; Aerni 2013). The drastically contradictory views of pro and anti-GMO camps expressed in media debates have also helped to generate the general misinformation and confusion (Kuntz 2014). Moreover, deliberate anti-GM actions driven by nongovernmental organizations have been widely publicized in recent years and undoubtedly have added to a reluctance to accept GMOs from a significant part of the general public (Paarlberg 2014). This, in turn, has influenced political decisions, currently reflected by internal disagreement between Member States of the European Union (EU) and problems in reaching a common position towards GMOs, particularly GM crops (Lucht 2015). This also has had an effect on public sector research funding (Fedoroff 2015).
Considering that public opinion has a significant impact on the development and marketing of GMOs in Europe (Boccia and Sarnacchiaro 2015), it is essential to identify current attitudes toward this biotechnology in different countries in order to understand public fears and determine potential knowledge gaps. It is also important to recognize the expectations of the public related to genetic engineering, including legislation and sources that should play a primary role in facilitating the information. This can determine future decisions of the policymakers who have to respond to both public expectations and the biotechnological industries whose product success depends on stakeholders (e.g. farmers) and customers (consumers) decisions. In accordance with the Directive (EU) 2015/412 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2015 amending Directive 2001/18/EC, Member States of EU can decide individually whether or not to implement the cultivation of GM crops. In this matter, Poland chose to request a full opt-out for their territory in late 2015. GM foods can still be imported and distributed in Poland but require mandatory labelling (Regulation (EC) 1829/2003). These products do not dominate the market and are mostly represented by vegetable oils derived from GM seeds (Twardowski 2008).
In an attempt to comprehensively investigate these issues, the present study evaluated current knowledge of GMOs among the Polish population, attitudes towards their use and their potential benefits, the general fears and expectations related to GM foods and views on their production and distribution as well as labelling policy. A number of earlier studies have assessed each of these issues in various other countries (Verdurme and Viaene 2003; Sturgis et al. 2005; Chen and Li 2007). The present study has evaluated all of them at once and has made a comparison of them among groups of different demographic characteristics. Such a simultaneous comparison is of great interest to those working in the biotechnological industry, policy makers and some members of the general public, allowing identification of those who are enthusiasts or opponents of GMO technology. Furthermore, the results of the study could also be useful in developing evidence-based educational programmes designed to raise public understanding of the possibilities and limitations, risks and benefits of biotechnology.
Materials and methods
Participants and survey
- (i)
general knowledge of GMOs – surveyed individuals explained the term "GMO", declared their level of knowledge, indicated main sources of information, claimed whether they were willing to improve their knowledge and if positive, indicated the main entities that should participate in this process.
- (ii)
attitude towards regulation of GM foods – surveyed individuals indicated whether GM foods could be produced and distributed in Poland, declared whether they expected GM foods to be labelled (and if yes, declared whether brief or detailed information were necessary) and evaluated whether, in their opinion, current regulations concerning GM foods in Poland were adequate or not.
- (iii)
attitude towards safety of GM foods - surveyed individuals indicated whether they perceived GM foods as safe for human health and the environment, specified their level of concern for particular threats using a five point scale and indicated the main potential reasons for antipathy towards GM foods.
- (iv)
attitude towards potential benefits of GMOs – surveyed individuals indicated what potential benefits (if any) may be acquired from GM food production and declared for what purposes (if any) they support the use of GMOs in general.
- (i)
individuals who may potentially generate new information on GMOs and study this issue (biomedical genetics, researchers, biotechnologists);
- (ii)
individuals who may potentially educate the general public on GMO related issues (secondary school teachers and academicians);
- (iii)
individuals who may potentially become stakeholders (farmers and health professionals);
- (iv)
individuals who may potentially make decisions and shape general opinion on GMOs in the near future (secondary school pupils and students).
Considering that students of various disciplines may vary in their attitude, they were divided into three groups: i) students of life sciences; ii) students of medical sciences, and iii) students of other sciences.
A questionnaire was made available online for a period of one year (April, 2014 – April, 2015). In order to approach different professional groups, invitations to complete the questionnaire were sent to universities, secondary schools, farmers' associations and scientific societies, and were made available through social media and web portals.
Statistical analyses
The statistical analyses were performed using Statistica v.10.0 (StatSoft, Poland). Pearson's chi square test was used to compare the frequencies of the answers among the different groups. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Demographic characteristics
Demographical characteristics of Polish population enrolled in the study
n = 1021
Gender n (%)
703 (69)
318 (31)
Mean (years ± SD)
32.1 ± 14.3
Median (range) years
29 (13–75)
Place of living n (%)
Urban >200,000 residents
297 (29.1)
Urban 50,000–200,000 residents
351 (34.4)
Urban <50,000 residents
215 (21.1)
153 (15.0)
Not answered
5 (0.5)
Education n (%)
168 (16)
324 (32)
491 (48)
38 (4)
Profession n (%)
Student (medical sciences)
102 (10.0)
Student (life sciences)
40 (3.9)
Student (other sciences)
117 (11.5)
School pupils
146 (14.3)
Medical worker
54 (5.3)
57 (5.6)
School teacher
118 (11.6)
40 (3.9)
347 (34)
Knowledge of GMOs
Definition of "GMO" term given by the polled group and frequency of correct answer within individuals of different profession
"Genetically modified organism"
45.2 (n = 462)
- Students (medical sciences)
- Students (life sciences)
- Students (other sciences)
- School pupils
- Medical workers
- Researchers
- Teachers/Academicians
- Farmers
- Other
"Genetically modified food"
26.8 (n = 274)
"Genetically modified crops"
1.5 (n = 15)
"I do not know"
20.4 (n = 208)
Other definition
6.1 (n = 62)
Most respondents (53.1 %) declared that they had insufficient knowledge of GMOs. The greatest frequency of such declarations was found among school teachers (53.5 %), medical students (53.0 %), students of other sciences than life and medical (51.0 %) and school pupils (48.3 %) with the lowest among researchers/academicians (27.3 %) and farmers (28.2 %). It was also significantly (p < 0.001) higher among citizens of smaller urban (<50,000 residents – 47.1 %; 50,000–200,000 residents – 50.2 %) and rural areas (48.2 %) than among individuals living in areas >200,000 residents (37.5 %).
Attitude towards GM food regulation
The vast majority of the studied group (91.9 %) demanded that GM food products must be labelled, with 52.0 % among them expecting detailed information to be printed on the product package. Nearly all opponents of production and distribution of GM foods in Poland (99.5 %) anticipated labelling but also a high proportion of those approving these products demanded it (83.5 %). In the opinion of over half of the respondents (57.8 %) the current law regulating GMOs in Poland was not sufficient for consumer safety and should be improved while only 10.7 % declared that it was adequate.
Attitude towards safety of GM foods
Level of concern associated with GM foods among the studied group
Not afraid at all
Slightly afraid
Very afraid
My greatest fear
Cancer development
Reproductive harm
Incorporation of exogenous DNA/genes
Gastrointestinal problem
Decrease of nutritional value
Deterioration of taste and appearance
Increase in food prices
Release of genes to environment
Threat to native biota
The respondents defined the probable reasons behind antipathy towards GM foods. Most often answers included their potential threat to human health (63.3 %) and the environment (54.1 %), and a low level of knowledge with regard to genetic engineering (57.0 %). Other reasons included the effect of anti-GMO campaigns (33.1 %), religious and cultural boundaries (15.0 %) and lack of social progressiveness (14.2 %).
Attitude towards GMO benefits
Over the years, several studies have assessed public opinion and knowledge of GMOs in various regions of the world (Sturgis et al. 2005; Chen and Li 2007; Sorgo and Ambrožič-Dolinšek 2010; AbuQamar et al. 2015; Vecchione et al. 2015). According to the recent Eurobarometer survey, the worry level on GMOs in food in the EU has generally increased since 2005 and varied from nearly 50 % in Ireland up to over 80 % in Lithuania and Greece, with a mean worry level of 66 % for all Member States. In Poland it was as high as 77 % with GMOs being perceived as a greater risk for respondents than microbial food contamination, allergic reactions to food and suffering from diet-related diseases (European Commission 2010; EFSA 2010). The present study, which compared attitudes in groups of different demographical characteristics, also highlighted a high degree of scepticism towards GMOs (and GM foods in particular) among Poles but there remained a need to further recognize exact public fears and expectations and potential reasons behind such a great frequency of reluctance to accept GMOs. The surveyed group of Poles may be undereducated as regards GMOs and expressed various fears related to their impact on health and the environment. However, the responses revealed a will to gain and improve knowledge, expressed a demand for reliable and accurate information on the risks and safety of GMOs as well as the benefits, and required the labelling of products containing GM ingredients. These observations are of some importance for future management strategies and GM food policies in Poland, which is currently considered the sixth largest economy in the EU and the most important market in Central Europe (Orenstein 2014).
The findings of the present study may be important in setting educational standards in Poland and providing access to substantive, well-balanced information on biotechnological processes and final products. As previously shown, the attitude towards GMOs is a key driver in perceiving its risks and benefits. It can be modified through increasing trust in institutions and researchers (Rodríguez-Entrena and Salazar-Ordóñez 2013), a process which requires the accurate communication of science to mass-media so as to avoid "media hype" (Carsten and Illman 2002; Bubela and Caulfield 2004). Because TV, Internet and the press were indicated by the respondents as primary sources of knowledge for GMOs, ideally, all possible mass media should be involved in communication of science to the general public. This may, however, be challenging as these media are often dominated by sensationalism (Ransohoff and Ransohoff, 2001). Importantly, the surveyed individuals also anticipated information from scientific literature. This can be achieved, inter alia, by increasing the rate of peer-review papers published in the Open Access (OA) mode. Through valuable free, full-text, online resources, OA greatly expands the possibility of instantly and accurately communicating science to the general public and contributes to the avoidance of media misunderstandings and hypes. The present study also indicates an emerging need to raise the role of academicians and school teachers in the public understanding of GMO risks and benefits. Achieving this goal requires a modification of educational programmes to increase biotechnology-related content. It may also involve a need to conduct additional training of school teachers – a group which in the present study was characterized by a low frequency of correct definitions of the term GMO and revealed a high degree of scepticism towards biotechnology. One example of such intersectional training was developed in 2004 by UNESCO (known as "GMO Teaching Kit") and was aimed to empower secondary school teachers to educate and communicate developments and the potential uses and risks of new technological advances, as illustrated by genetic engineering and specifically the use of GMOs (UNESCO 2004). Even though GMOs may still remain controversial to some, every effort should be made to ensure that public opinion is being formed upon evidence-based, well-balanced information rather than hysterical and, to some extent, populist views and debates.
The studied group exhibited general scepticism towards GM foods and expressed various fears related to their use. Farmers, medical workers and school teachers were identified as professions highly reluctant to accept this technology. As stakeholders or educators, these groups are in turn very important in the implementation of GM foods on the market and raising customer acceptance of these products. Therefore there may be great difficulty for the biotechnological industry in overcoming this strong public opposition to their products in Poland.
It should also be highlighted that, in the present study, over 50 % of polled Polish researchers were against the production and distribution of GM foods, contrary to the US where scientists largely consider these products as safe (Pew Research Center 2015). As concluded by the European Commission in 2010 upon evaluation of more than 130 research projects from a period of over 25 years, involving more than 500 independent scientific teams, GM food production cannot be considered more hazardous than conventional plant breeding technologies (European Commission 2010). Recent years have, however, witnessed a number of controversies among which was the highly publicized study by Séralini et al. (2014) reporting that herbicide resistant GM corn and associated herbicide can lead to long-term toxic effects in rats including tumour formations. The study was first retracted by the Editor-in-Chief of Food and Chemical Toxicology, then republished in the journal Environmental Sciences Europe, and eventually divided the scientific environment into critics and those demanding further studies (Loening 2015; Resnik 2015). It also received heavy media coverage which may, at least partially, be responsible for the public fear that GM foods can cause cancer notwithstanding the results of previous short-tem toxicity studies (DeRosier 2015). In the present investigation, cancer development along with allergy were pointed out as the most serious health threat related to GM foods. As recently demonstrated, some scientists hesitate as regards the final conclusion on GMO safety, citing the scarcity and contradictory nature of the scientific evidence published to date (Hilbeck et al. 2015; Krimsky 2015). It is therefore unlikely that the general public will develop an unequivocal opinion under their influence.
However, it is worth noting that the medical and pharmaceutical use of GMOs does not cause such controversies and a relatively high proportion of individuals enrolled in the present study perceived potential benefits in adopting GMOs in drugs and vaccine production or lifesaving medical procedures. These differences in public perception of GM foods and medicines may potentially arise from ethical reasons, more obvious benefits and differences in production – production of GM foods includes the deliberate release of a GMO to the environment whereas implementation of GMOs for medical use does not. As shown in a Malaysian study, GM insulin was perceived as having more benefits and was more decidedly supported by the general public than GM soybean (Amin et al. 2013).
The present study also demonstrated that the vast majority of Poles demand that food products containing GM ingredients are labelled. In the EU due to the precautionary principle, all products that contain at least 0.9 % of GM ingredients should be labelled as containing GMOs or GM ingredients according to European Directive 2001/18 and Regulation 1829/2003. Labelling of GMO products undoubtedly assists consumers in making informed purchase decisions, supports customer autonomy (Vecchione et al. 2015) and has been mandatory so far in 64 countries. In the US, despite the majority of the public favouring a labelling policy (Hallman et al. 2013), it is mostly unimplemented and widely criticised due to the costs it may generate and fears that it may be constructed as a reason for caution. It is often suggested that most pro-label individuals would avoid buying GM food (Kling 2014) but this is not supported by our results in which a high proportion of those demanding labelling approved the production and distribution of GM products in Poland. Some others have suggested that consumers aiming to avoid GM foods already have plenty of choices, the purchasing of premium-priced "organic food products" being a major one. Apart from the fact that these products cannot be afforded by a relatively high proportion of customers (Kling 2014), it was recently reported that "organic foods" are often chosen based on a false perception of comparative product safety, nutrition and pro-health attributes (Academics Reviews Report 2014). Consumers have the right to be informed of the origin of products being distributed on the market and it could even be hypothesized that labelling GM products may in fact play a role in increasing the general acceptance of it in the long-term if this were accompanied by focused consumer education (AMA 2012). This issue would, however, require further studies. Importantly in the present study, a significant number of respondents also demanded detailed information on GM products. Although it was not specified what details were expected, it is likely that information on the type of genetic modification applied to obtain a product's ingredients (e.g. herbicide-resistant or Bt toxin) may be anticipated. Such labelling may additionally help customers in understanding the process of production and the variety of genetic modification used by the biotechnological industry. It is also plausible that some customers may accept some types of GMO-based technologies in the food industry while they reject others. Although some European nations were interested in the establishment of a common label within the EU for certified GM-free products (Tsourgiannis et al. 2011), it was suggested that such a "GM-free' label could bring about a negative impact perception of GM food products by implicating indirectly that they are the ones to be avoided (Maghari and Ardekani 2011).
The limitations of the present study should be stressed. Firstly, the research aimed to reach as many individuals as possible and their total number exceeded 1000, but over 75 % of the surveyed group was restricted to students, school pupils, medical workers, researchers/academicians, school teachers and farmers. Despite the fact that this enabled a comparison between groups possibly involved in shaping the perception of GMOs and GM foods by the general public, it is unclear to what extent the surveyed group represents the general Polish population which currently exceeds 38.5 million. Moreover, the final sample size of some groups (e.g. farmers; n = 40) was relatively low and even though their sceptical attitude towards any use of GMOs was expressed, a more farmer-targeted study may be required to fully elucidate how negative the perception of GMOs in fact is. Finally, the data were partially obtained using an online questionnaire which does not fully exclude the possibility of the surveyed to compare his/her information with that circulating in the Internet (e.g. as regards a question what "GMO" stands for).
In summary, the present study represents the most comprehensive and recent research on attitudes toward GMOs and particularly GM foods in a Central-European country. As demonstrated, Polish society links GMOs mostly with food production, disapproves of GM foods and demands their detailed labelling. The level of concern associated with the health and environmental safety of GM foods was relatively high within the polled group. Greatest scepticism was revealed by groups potentially involved in the application of GM products (farmers and medical workers) and in education (school teachers). Importantly, the respondents demanded the provision of substantive information on GMOs, expressed a will to improve their knowledge of them and recognised the significant need for teachers, academicians and scientific literature to participate in promoting and conveying it. Altogether, the results of this study underline feelings of aversion towards GMOs in Poland. They also highlight the urgent need to implement evidence-based educational programmes in this country to raise public understanding of the current possibilities and limitations of GMOs.
Supplementary material
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Sure, you think you know what Florida beach is best suited to your individual tastes, but how can you be sure? Is there any way to measure it with an interactive website? There is now, thanks to VisitFlorida.com. The site has launched the Florida Beach Finder, a web-based tool with "pleasure" levers (our term, not theirs) that will help decide once and for all the patches of sand on which you belong. Finally, scientific proof that Palm Beach is both romantic and action-packed. Bring the roses ... and the frisbee!
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Earlier today I was thinking about how it sucks that I have to work so much harder than Andy does to make less money than he does all because my vagina is being penalized. It's not nearly as fun as it sounds.
Speaking of being screwed by your vagina (aka gender inequality) today when I came home from work and immediately cooked dinner like I always do not because anyone asks me to but because there's a societal expectation that as a woman I am supposed to take care of the house and family and … WHOA! Sorry about that. I sent my daughter to a liberal arts school and clearly I've spent way too much time talking to her lately. I'm all for feminism, don't get me wrong, but this is a post about co-dependent fat people.
What I was trying to say was, tonight I made a batch of Red Lobster cheddar bay biscuits for dinner because Andy loves them and I love cooking things that make him happy. But he wants me to be happy too so he does things like eat way too many and then tell me I should eat more because he feels bad for eating too many and then I eat more because I feel like he has given me some permission I needed or something and then the next thing you know, we seriously ate an entire batch of cheese and butter filled dough. 14 biscuits, you guys. I am not even exaggerating. I'm fairly certain we aren't going to make it until morning. I think I can actually feel my arteries congealing as I type this.
The sad thing is, we do this crap all the time. Not just with food either, but with being lazy. Andy is very sedentary and constantly talks me into joining him in sedentary activities. I do it easily because I like spending time with him and the things we do together are fun. The thing is though, when Andy and I got together 7 years ago, I was strictly watching what I ate and exercising every day and he was controlling his portions and trying to make a point to be less sedentary. We have become locked in a co-dependent relationship where we are each dependent on the other to allow us to be fat.
So I guess the first step is admitting we have a problem. The second step is making the rest of the cheddar bay biscuits and taking them to the pot luck I'm going to on Saturday.
Also, even though they're mine, I'll say it. Boobs. That's not a step, that's pointing out the white elephant in the room. Literally, in this case.


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Volkswagen (NASDAQOTH:VWAGY) was the world's most profitable automaker last year, but it's far from satisfied. VW wants to be the world's largest-selling automaker by 2018, and it plans to push its profits up even higher along the way.
As part of that push, VW wants its luxury brand Audi to have a bigger piece of the American automotive pie, so this week it started construction on a massive new factory in Mexico. In this video, Fool.com contributor John Rosevear looks at VW's efforts in global expansion -- and how the company's huge new factory will help drive it.
Motley Fool contributor John Rosevear owns shares of General Motors. Follow him on Twitter at @jrosevear. The Motley Fool recommends BMW and General Motors. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


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Starring Nicolas Cage, John Cusack and Vanessa Hudgens
Written and directed by Scott Walker
Running Time: 105 Minutes
Halcombe begins to suspect that Hansen might be a serial killer, and attempts to connect him to more than a dozen murders across more than a decade. Even as the evidence mounts, however, Halcombe discovers that it may not be enough to catch the meticulous and overly-cautious Hansen. And when Hansen discovers that Cindy is helping the police, she becomes his next target -- the one that got away.
There are a slew of direct-to-video Nicolas Cage movies hitting various streaming services the last couple years. Most of these are, as you can imagine, trash. So color me surprised when one of them turns out to actually not be terrible.
"The Frozen Ground" is actually based on the true story of Alaska's most deadly and notorious serial killer. The real Robert Hansen was suspected of raping and killing as many as 30 women over the course of 12 years from 1971 to 1983. The film appears to be reasonably accurate, as least as far as one can tell comparing the film's story to that of Hansen's wikipedia entry.
As a film, "The Frozen Ground" isn't bad. It also isn't great, which may be why, despite its low budget it never saw a theatrical release. While it's bolstered by solid performances from the cast, particularly Cusack and Hudgens, it feels hamstrung by a conventional procedural tone and style. The backdrop of Anchorage looks generally fantastic, with the wintery weather becoming more pronounced as the film goes on.
There are a few other things that scream "this is a movie" a little too much. Hudgens, for example, is the only stripper in this R-rated movie not to take her top off. The entire story seems to take place in only four or five locations. Even disregarding that this is based on a true story, the film is ultimately rather predictable in following police thriller conventions to a T.
It's really the performances that make "The Frozen Ground" stand out at all. Even Nicolas Cage, who has become something of a joke due to his tendency toward over-the-top hysterics in his performances, seems to actually be trying here. Cusack is quite intriguing as soft-spoken Hansen, who somehow manages to be creepily friendly even when he's talking to a rape victim chained up in his basement. Best is when he is actually confronted by the police, knows they have nothing on him and can't prove it, and actually manages to nearly beat them with that. There's a confidence to Cusack's performance and to Hansen's character that is quite watchable.
Hudgens is also good, even if her character seems to check off every damaged runaway girl cliche on the list. She has a few emotional breakdowns, especially in her scenes with Cage, that work really well. The character might be conventional in every way, but Hudgens imbues Cindy with depth that isn't really there on the page.
As direct-to-video mystery/thrillers go, you can do a lot worse than "The Frozen Ground." While the film ultimately feels conventional and familiar, the real-life story is rather fascinating and the performances are better than you'd expect. The film streams on Netflix and Amazon Prime Instant Video.


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Shadecrown are a band from Finland that plays a melodic mixture of doom and death metal with some thrash elements and this is a review of their 2016 album "Agonia" which will be released in October by Inverse Records.
Armospherric synths and acoustic guitars which are also used on other tracks start off the album and after awhile melodic yet melancholic sounding guitar leads are added onto the recording along with some heavy riffs that also use a great amount of melody and all of the musical instruments have a very powerful sound to them.
The songs also alternate quite a bit between the heavy and soft parts throughout the recordings and you can also hear a great amount of doom metal elements in the songs while the vocals are mostly death metal growls along with some whispers also being utilized at times and some of the later tracks also bring in elements of thrash while some songs also bring in clean singing and touches of goth metal as well as a brief use of high pitched screams and there is also a great mixture of slow, mid paced and fast parts and some of the faster sections also bring in a small amount of blast beats.
Shadecrown plays a musical style that takes the melodic styles of doom and death metal and mixes them with some goth and thrash elements to create a sound of their own, the production sounds very professional while the lyrics cover dark and depressive themes.
In my opinion Shadecrown are a very great sounding melodic mixture of doom and death metal and if you are a fan of those musical genres, you should check out this band. RECOMMENDED TRACKS INCLUDE "Led Astray" "Walk Through Hell" "Tear-Stained Heart" and "Drown". 8 out of 10.


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With a stay at SpringHill Suites by Marriott Cincinnati Airport South in Florence (Covington - Florence, KY), you'll be convenient to World of Golf and Scudder Field. This hotel is within close proximity of Florence Antique Mall and Champion Window Field.
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NJ, Miss. governors coming to Mich. for GOP rally
WATERFORD, Mich. (AP) — Mississippi Gov. Haley Barbour and New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie are coming to Michigan next week for a Republican rally a few days before the general election.
The One Chance Rally to Victory will be held Oct. 29 in Waterford.
The governors will be joined by a number of Michigan GOP candidates, including gubernatorial hopeful Rick Snyder and attorney general candidate Bill Schuette.