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Incubator Care Unit
A portable incubator to keep them warm and safe. Newborn puppies need warmth more than food! Perfect environment to keep a watchful eye on those in trouble. Computer controlled floor temperature using safe 12 volt power for home or vehicle.
- Useful for transporting newborns to and from the vet.
- Perfect environment to keep a watchful eye on those in trouble.
- Portable and easy to clean insulated container.
- Easy to use temperature control for steady thermal environment.
- Vent for air circulation.
- Always on LED light.
- Safe 12 volt power for use in home or auto
More: Videos | Controls | Information | Pictures | Buy Now
Note: Some older pictures and videos show a strip thermometer inside the ICU. This is not included.
Incubators: On why you would need an incubator for your newborn pups.
A look at our Incubator Care Unit
The Thermostat Control Panel is located on bottom side next to the power plug.
Thermostat Control Panel
(The 4 button modal instructions are for an older version of the Incubator Care Unit.)
The red LED will show the current temperature. On the right are four buttons: SET, RST, UP, and DOWN.
Note: The thermostat will come configured to use Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C). This is based on region or customer request at order time.
To Set Temperature
Press SET. The LED will start flashing. Use the UP or DOWN buttons to select your desired temperature. Press SET when you're done. Limits have be set so you can only select a temperature between 115°F / 46°C and 85°F / 29°C.
Example setting for newborn pups: 100°F / 38°C.
Power ON/OFF
Press and hold RST to turn off the thermostat. Press RST turn the thermostat back on. We suggest you leave the thermostat on, so thermostat will automatically come on when you plug in the power.
An alarm will sound if the floor temperature gets 5°F / 3°C above or below your set temperature. Press any button to silence the alarm.
Note: the alarm will likely sound when you first power up since the floor temperature will be below previously set temperature. Just press any button to silence.
Thermostat Control Panel
The top number shows the floor temperature in red.
The bottom number shows the thermostat setting in blue.
To Set Celsius or Fahrenheit
Press the bottom C/F button to toggle between Celsius and Fahrenheit.
To Set Thermostat
Press the top SET button. The bottom number will start flashing. To change the temperature use the top SET button for up (+) and bottom C/F button for down (-). Your changes will automatically save after 3 seconds.
When we say "press the button" we mean just push and release the button. Do not press and hold the button down. If you do you might go into programming mode. You risk injury to your cargo if you change the ICU's settings.
Programming Mode
We do not advise putting the ICU into programming mode. If you change the settings you risk injury to your cargo. If you accidentally go into program mode, just do nothing for 3 seconds. It will exit. We provide this information for reference and support only.
- Press and hold the SET button for 3 seconds to enter Programming Mode.
- Use the SET button for up (+) and the C/F button for down (-).
- Use SET and C/F to navigate through codes P0 through P8.
- To change a code's value press SET and C/F at the same time.
- The value display will start flashing.
- Use SET (+) or C/F (-) to change the value.
- Press SET and C/F at the same time to confirm the change.
- Do nothing (wait) for 3 seconds it will exit Programming Mode.
|Setting Range
|Factory Default
|ICU Setting
|Heating / Cooling
|Return Differenc
|0.1 — 3.0
|Set Upper Limit
|Set Lower Limit
|Temperature Correction
|-15 — +15
|Delay Start
|0 — 10
|High Temperature Alarm
|Celsius or Fahrenheit
|Factory Reset
* When switched to Fahrenheit (FH) from Celsius (CS) all other settings adjust to Fahrenheit values (and vice versa)
** Warning! If you press and hold both SET and C/F buttons for 3 seconds, you will see 8.8.8 when you do (this is called a factory reset). You will need to go back through Programming Mode to set everything back to ICU settings. If you don't the ICU will be in cooling mode and the ICU will get too hot. So please do not factory reset.
- Useful for transporting newborns to and from the vet.
- Perfect environment to keep a watchful eye on those in trouble.
- Portable and easy to clean insulated container.
- Easy to use temperature control for steady thermal environment.
- Vent for air circulation.
- Always on LED light.
- Safe 12 volt power for use in home or auto
Puppy Information
Newborn puppies need warmth more than food. At birth the puppy's body temperature is the same as the mother's, after delivery the core temperature will drops several degrees the body (rectal) temperature should fall between 95° and 99°F. If it drops below 94°F, your puppy could be facing life-threatening hypothermia. Puppies depend on their mom to maintain their body temperature. Without external heat, it doesn't take long for a puppy to become chilled. Chilling gravely reduces the puppy's metabolism. Newborn puppies can't generate their own body heat until they develop the shiver reflex at around two and half weeks. Hypothermia is the single greatest problem for infant puppies. Low puppy temperatures for the first few weeks is also one of the biggest reasons for herpesvirus ** being able to successfully infect a litter.
It is very important to keep puppies warm for the first week to ten days of age. If the puppies are not gaining weight and suckling properly, this should be considered as abnormal and be investigated. Most health young puppies will double their birth weight in the first 7 to 10 days of birth and then double it again within the next three weeks. It is always a good idea to keep young puppies that are sick and nursing in a warm area, the puppies resistance is weaken when exposed to chilling conditions. If they crawl away from the rest of the puppy group, it will increase the cold stress and exacerbate the onset of their deterioration. Besides keeping all he young puppies warm, the weak, less active, sick or fading puppies need special care to ensure their best chance for survival. Remember the loss of body heat and chilling is a common reason for rapid decline in sick puppies.
Distressed Puppies
Despite our instinct to want to immediately feed a puppy in trouble, warmth is far more critical than food. Cold puppies can't nurse or digest food. Their heart rates drop, and the circulatory and respiratory systems collapse. They won't last long under these conditions. Warming a chilled puppy too quickly can also be fatal. Puppies that have a low body temperature should be warmed slowly over a few hours to a normal temperature of about 97°F. A normal body temperature should be reached before feeding these puppies.
When you're ready to set up the nest, place clean towels or puppy pads in the Incubator Care Unit. If the puppies are open-mouth panting, the box is too warm. Your litter can help you gauge their comfort level easier than just one puppy can. Chilled puppies will cry and gather in a pile trying to keep each other warm. Puppies that are too warm will separate and sleep apart.
Manufacturers of heating pads made for people do not recommend them being used on animals. Even on the low setting temperatures can get dangerously hot. Most heating pads made for people will shut themselves off after a certain time.
Heat lamps will warm them up, but can also dehydrate the puppies as well as being hard to regulate their temperature. The puppies can easily become overheated with no way to escape using these methods to warm the puppies.
Within twenty-four hours being born, there core (rectal) temperature should be 95° to 97°F Their temperature steadily increases, until at 3 weeks of age the rectal temperature is 98° to 100°F Eventually they'll sustain a normal temperature of 101.5°F.
During the first week of life, puppies do not have the capacity to constrict the blood vessels at the surface of their skin to retain heat. A newborn is able to maintain a body temperature 10°F to 12°F above his immediate surroundings for only short periods. When the heat source, (the mother, other puppies, blankets and Incubator Care Unit), is removed for 30 minutes or so in a 72°F room the puppies core temperature can quickly falls to 94°F or below where the puppy faces life-threatening hypothermia.
The air temperature in the Incubator Care Unit should be kept at 85° to 90°F for the first week. The second week, reduce the air temperature to 80°F. Then reduce the temperature gradually so that it's about 70°F when the litter is 6 weeks old.
|Puppy's Age
|Approximate Room Temperature
|Approximate Core Temperature
|Newborn to 7 days
|Day 8 to 14
|Day 15 to 21
|Day 22 to 28
Relative humidity of 55-65%
Use common sense. If the puppies are piled on top of each other all the time, they are cold. If the puppies are spread far apart and panting, they are too warm. If they lay next to each other, the temperature is fine.
Keep the moisture in a range comfortable for humans. In a homemade box area, a towel moistened with water and placed over the box will help add moisture.
** Canine herpes virus (CHV)
Canine herpes virus (CHV), also known as "fading puppy syndrome," is a viral infection that affects the reproductive organs of adult dogs. While adult dogs infected with CHV usually do not show any symptoms, the infection is the leading cause of death in newborn puppies. One puppy in a litter may be affected, and death may occur abruptly, with little or no warning, or an entire litter may perish within a 24-hour period. If the disease is contracted when the puppies are older than three weeks, it is often less severe. Older puppies have a much better chance of survival, but may have long-term effects of a persistent CHV infection.
Anytime newborn puppies are observed to be unwell or "fading," it is crucial that you contact the vet. If CHV is confirmed, treatment can begin with antiviral medication and supportive care. It is also important to keep puppies warm, as the virus requires a low temperature to survive. Unfortunately, death often occurs rapidly in CHV-infected puppies despite good care.
- Sudden death of newborn puppy
- Weakness, lethargy, crying
- Lack of suckle reflex/appetite
- Painful abdomen, bruising of the abdomen
- Soft, yellow/green feces
- Respiratory difficulty, nasal discharge
- Hemorrhages, such as nose bleeds and small bruises
- Older puppies may develop nervous system abnormalities, including blindness and seizures
- If you think your dog or puppies may have canine herpes, seek veterinary care immediately!
How Is Canine Herpes Transmitted?
Canine herpes virus lives in the reproductive and respiratory tracts of male and female dogs. In adults, the disease is transmitted via aerosol and direct contact, including sneezing, coughing, nosing, sniffing, licking and sexual activities between an infected and an uninfected dog. Puppies usually contract the disease in the birth canal or from nasal and oral secretions of the mother shortly after birth. Puppies can also spread the virus to one another. Just because one puppy in a litter is infected with CHV does not mean they all are.
Kitten Information
An incubator is especially important if the kitten is extremely small, not completely developed, in distress, or if you cannot consistently control the environment and temperature in the area. Incubator Care Unit is ideal to provide a safe, clean, warm, dry place for kittens to get the tremendous amount of sleep they need to grow and develop in the critical first few weeks. Warmth is vital in the first few weeks of a kitten's life, as they are not able to shiver, and you cannot tell when they are cold. The Incubator Care Unit should be in a quiet, private, draft-free location.
Air temperature for young kittens
|Kitten's Age
|Approximate Room Temperature
|First 7 days
|Day 8 to 14
|Day 15 to 28
|Day 29 to 35
|Day 35 and on


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Golfer's Sanctuary
Whether a weekend golf retreat or a weeklong vacation, find your sanctuary among the greens. Scottsdale is known as one of the world's premier golf destinations and these courses will challenge your game with each round. Enjoy 20% off a luxurious one-night accommodation, breakfast and a round of golf during your stay at Sanctuary Resort.
Package includes:
- 20% off a luxurious one-night accommodation
- 18-holes of golf at Camelback Golf Course (Ambient or Padre course)
- Continental breakfast per guest (up to $25 per person including tax and gratuity, excluding alcohol)
- Roundtrip transportation to golf course
- Private Home upgrade available
Add-on the Toa of Golf spa treatment to warm, stretch and release tight & tired muscles with a blend of advanced bodywork techniques. Perfect end to a day of golfing! Call to customize your Golfer's Sanctuary package today.
Must mention "Golfer's Sanctuary" at time of reservation
Subject to limited availability
Not valid for groups
Breakfast is up to $25 per person including tax and gratuity, excluding alcohol
Cannot be combined with any other offer or existing reservation
Does not include daily resort fee
*Sanctuary Camelback Mountain's infinity edge pool is exclusively adult-only on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. Guests must be at least 16 years or older to gain access. The resort provides two satellite pools on property as an alternative for guests travelling with family members 15 years and younger. Seasonal exceptions apply on Thanksgiving Weekend, Christmas Weekend, New Year's Weekend, and Easter Weekend in which the adult-only pool policy does not apply.

subset: commoncrawl


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In Chapter 13 of 16 in his 2010 Capture Your Flag interview, Indiegogo co-founder and UPenn Wharton grad Slava Rubin answers "What Made You Choose Management and Technology Consulting as Your First Job Out of College?" Rubin shares how, upon graduating The Wharton School at University of Pennsylvania, he took a management consulting job with Diamond Management and Technology Consultants. Rubin highlights the influences shaping his decision to pursue consulting, how the work then contributed to his overall education, and finally why it was an essential development step before becoming an entrepreneur and co-founding IndieGoGo.
Slava Rubin is CEO and co-founder of Indiegogo, the world's largest crowdfunding platform. Indiegogo empowers anyone, anywhere, anytime to raise funds for any idea—creative, cause-related or entrepreneurial. Prior to Indiegogo, Rubin worked as a management consultant. He earned his BSE degree from The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
Erik Michielsen: What made you choose management and technology consulting as your first job out of college?
Slava Rubin: I really see there being an extensive amount of education that one needs just to ready for their roles in life, whatever that role is. My role is that I really wanted to be an entrepreneur but I thought that my layers of education would be, one I would go college for my academic education. I studied abroad for my kind of global and international education and I still didn`t feel like I had a corporate education. So, I felt like consulting was the best opportunity for a corporate education to understand how Fortune 500 companies operate, their inner workings, how you can maneuver within them and how decisions are made. And realistically in a consulting job you get to dip and dive between different companies, so you really get a varied exposure, which is exactly why I became a consultant. So, really it`s extension of my education to be an entrepreneur.


text: I've read a lot, I mean a lot, of different owners on these threads who say how much they loooooooooovvvveeee their Model S more than any other car they've owned, and sometimes that's followed by a list of pretty impressive (well, not any more ) ICEs. I loooooovvvvvveeee my Model S too, however I haven't owned nearly the list of impressive vehicles that others have. And I've never before joined a car forum. So I'm curious: do "other" car forums sound exactly the same with the emotional outbursts for the respective cars? Or is the looooovvvvveeee just a teeny bit more intense with the Model S?


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Free Jenny's Wedding in Best LookNow you can enjoy Jenny's Wedding in top video format with duration 94 Min and was released on 2015-07-31 and MPAA rating is 21.
- Original Title : Jenny's Wedding
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- Actors of movie :Katherine Heigl (Jenny), Tom Wilkinson (Eddie), Alexis Bledel (Kitty), Grace Gummer (Anne), Linda Emond (Rose), Matthew Metzger (Michael), Cathleen O'Malley (Lorraine), Sam McMurray (Denny)
Movie synopsis of Jenny's Wedding :
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Tags: woman director,


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It's an all new episode tonight for Surivor Worlds Apart. Updates will be posted here in a while. Please do check back on it!
Last week – Lindsey and Max got voted off during the two part episode.
Reward challenge – players must race up a tower and launch sandbags at some targets.
Reward – food
Winner – Nagarote
Rodney wants to throw immunity to get rid of Joe and might save Kelly (she's not a target though). He tells Mike about his plan.
Immunity challenge – players must remember the series of objects in correct order.
Carolyn vs Rodney – Carolyn wins
Haley vs Sierra – Haley wins
Joe vs Will – Joe wins
Dan vs Shirin – Dan wins
Mike vs Kelly – both wrong. He tells Kelly he's throwing the challenge.
Winner – Nagarote
Joe – 3 votes
Joaquin – 4 votes
ELIMINATED – Joaquin


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Stay True to Yourself Quotes
Hymn Study , Prayer
Stay True, Self Confidence, So True, Inspiration Quotes, Changing
Will Always Be True To You: Quote About Always Stay True To Yourself
True on Pinterest | Stay True Tattoo, Prison Wife and Polyamory Quotes
Rob Corddry - I have to stay true to myself.
quotes are those that encourage you to stay true to yourself, such as
Always stay true to yourself! stay true and not worry about those who
Stay true to yourself | Quotes & Words | Pinterest | Stay True and Be
True to yourself on Pinterest | Stay True, Be You and Just Be
Stay true to yourself. Never be ashamed of doing what feels right
quotes are those that encourage you to stay true to yourself, such as
Being true to yourself quote
Always Stay True To Yourself Pictures, Photos, and Images for Facebook
true love quotes,wishes,pictures, good morning wishes, Inspirational
In your day, surround yourself with people who love you, motivate you,
Stay true to yourself. | Art & Quotes | Pinterest
Always stay true to yourself and never sacrifice who you are for


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Modern Crystal Chandelier for the Modern Room
Modern crystal chandelier is kind of good decoration which can be selected by the common people. All homes definitely need to be decorated as well as possible. When the people do the home decorating, then commonly they will prepare all the things which will be needed for the home decorating. Home decorating itself is kind of thing which absolutely have to be done by the people for their home. The home decorating is the important thing which needs to do in case the people want to have good home.
When the people are doing the home decorating, then there are so many thing which they to do. Also there are so many things which the people have to prepare. One of the things which the people have to prepare is the decoration. The decoration is one of the important things which the people have to prepare if they want to have good home with good look. Among the other home decoration which can be chosen by the general people is the modern crystal chandelier. This is one of home decoration which have beautiful look.
The modern crystal chandelier is kind of the home decoration which absolutely can be great option for the general people that look for good decoration which they can choose for their home. When it is dealing with home decorating, then the people certainly want to give the best decoration for their home. Modern chandelier is one of good decoration which the people can use to decorate their room. This kind of beautiful decoration can prettify the whole of the home.
The modern beautiful crystal chandelier absolutely can be utilized by the common people that want to decorate their room. There are a lot of reasons why the people want to decorate their home. The first reason is that definitely they want to have good room with nice decoration. However the presence of nice decoration certainly can make the whole room look nice. The modern crystal chandelier would be great idea for people.
The modern crystal chandelier cannot only complete the decoration of the room. The presence of this beautiful chandelier absolutely can also boost the appearance of the room. The room which is completed with this beautiful decoration certainly can transform the room into a beautiful and also impressive room. The people absolutely will prefer to have room which has the beautiful and impressive room which is decorated with beautiful home décor.


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Songs as Alarms
what do you/would you have to wake you from your slumber in the mornings?
Mine is Fancy Claps by Wolf Parade at the moment. VERY LOUD, it works a treat
(Instant disqualification to anyone who says the Boo Radleys)
something annoying.....
like vienna by ultravox
at the moment
i've got New Noise by Refused.
I just can't help leaping out of bed when it kicks in!
Mine is....
Can't Stand me now because its my ringtone on me phone which I use as an alrm.
Boo Radl..oh wait
I have Police On My Back was my wake-up song at the moment, it works really well as I wake up and instantly think I'm being chased by the police which gets me moving.
You know what
when I went to visit my friend he put the Boo Radleys on as his alarm and it was absolutely horrendous. Worst of all, he had a snooze function so we had to hear that bastard trumpet bit about five times. He was laughing every single time. Mean bastard.
Aaanyway, I have used 'Cabin Man' by the Cows because it's fairly quiet for three minutes then has the most insane volume jump i've ever heard. It sounds like the band are playing at full volume right next to your ears.
Plus the singer is shouting 'I WANNA RIIIIIISE! I WANNA, RIIIIIIIIIIIISE!!'
so you have no choice but to get up.
Thassa lotta typing.
anyone heard kaleidoscope by boo radleys - that WOULD be good
Fire Department - Be Your Own Pet
Soulwax - E-Talking
it has a long fade in at the start and then after about a minute its really pumping.
Also (for the same reasons) burning wheel by primal scream
mines been the same for a week or so
joy division live at les bains douches - disorder. the drums are SO loud.
Mine would be...
Debaser by the Pixies at the moment, but anything else with a good intro will get me up.
by Built To Spill.
Ha ha! I'm clever AND funny.
Watch me effortlessly upstage you!
WAKE UP by Les Savy Fav!!!!
'Sleep lovely sleep' by thewarn
'Sleep, lovely sleeep, lovely sleeep, lovely sleep.
Sleep, lovely sleeep, lovely sleeep, lovely sleep.'
Sung in a wavering falsetto, no instrumentation. Ironic AND a good tune. I win.
It's certainly catchy!
You should make a myspace page and put it on there so it can "ascend into the stratosphere". And other assorted music review terms.
i have a grease alarm clock
that plays random songs to wake me up. i now officially hate all songs from grease. i couldn't have something i like to wake me up coz i'd end up resenting it for disturbing my sleep at 6.40 every morning!
I wish I had
the Sugarhill Gang alarm clock they have on Scrubs.
my daughter
every morning between 5:20 and 6:00...
who's that by?
Sine Wave
by mogwai always does it for me
and more recently marconi's radio by secret machines has been doing the job nicely.
To wake me up...
I would like Grass by Animal Collective.
However seeing as I don't have an alarm clock which plays tunes I'll just have to imagine it.
I've always found
Watching the Detective by Elvis Costello to work well.
Kyuss: Gardenia
just can't get enough
doo doo do do dah doo doo!
retreat by rakes for ringtone.
by Jetplane Landing. Always gets me up and about.
I used to use 100% by Sonic youth. The intro is so alarming that I started automatically waking up 5 minutes earlier, to cancel the timer and go back to sleep. Good times.


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Well it has been another day of sewing marathon here.
The quilt top is now finished.
and every trick has been pulled to try and make the back big enough after finding that there wasnt enough green to for the whole quilt as it is quite large!!!!!! Of course the easiest would have been to obtain a bit extra backing fabric.... but naturally there wasnt left!!!!
Frustation, but can honestly say it was a lot of fiddling to get the size right.
Time to put the machine away today - you know how it is best to start fresh another day.
Now just need to sandwich it all together and do some quilting - wish there was an "easy" way to do that job !!
Hope you all had a good weekend stitching!!!!!
Sunday, February 17, 2013
7 comments:
- Sandi said...
Just beautiful....
- February 17, 2013 at 9:14 PM
i know what you mean Dawnie and your quilt looks awesome,well done.xx
- February 17, 2013 at 9:21 PM
- Susan said...
Great effort Dawnie. It looks lovely, and someone will enjoy it.
- February 17, 2013 at 9:45 PM
- Cathy said...
Yeah there is an easy way...Stuff it in a bag and take it to "my friend Leanne"!! lol
I love your quilt top Dawnie and I know the back will be beautiful too!! Enjoy your week! xx
- February 18, 2013 at 7:01 AM
- Chookyblue...... said...
it's looking great Dawnie so worth the fiddling...........
- February 18, 2013 at 7:13 AM
- Cathy said...
Gorgeous top Dawnie... You could always do what I do, stuff it in a bag and take it to "My friend Leanne"...lol
- February 18, 2013 at 7:49 AM
- Peg - Happy In Quilting said...
Dawnie...looks fantastic....
- February 19, 2013 at 8:17 PM
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6 mPray for the peace of Jerusalem!
"May they be secure who love you!
7 Peace be within your nwalls
and security within your ntowers!"
8 For my brothers and companions' sake
I will say, o"Peace be within you!"
Read More
Ps 51:18 Je 29:7
Ps 48:13
1 Sa 25:6 Ps 85:8


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Two flat sheets are used for manufacturing single corrugated boxes with an additional sheet running through the middle of the two flat sheets at a repeating angle. The layer running through the middle is responsible for making the carton strong enough for carrying heavy weights.
The Double Wall Corrugated Cartons are manufactured using three flat cardboard sheets. Additional sheets are set between the three sheets at an angle. These types of cartons are more expensive because of their complex design and the fact that more cardboard is used to manufacture them. They offer more durability and protection than single wall cartons and are commonly used for carrying heavy weights for home removals.
The market for cardboard boxes is huge in the India because they are used by domestic consumers and also by businesses. Carton manufacturers use a large die to cut out cardboard in different shapes. These die cut boxes are sold as pre-packed flat packs that consumers can easily fold into boxes and use according to their need. The die cut boxes are ideally used at homes as storage boxes that can easily be stored under the bed, or in the closet.
In the business market there is an enormous use of cardboard boxes. Companies use square boxes to store office documents and files. Pizza parlors deliver hot pizza to their customers in pizza boxes which are made from cardboard. Food caterers use catering packaging to supply orders at catering events. Movers use rectangular vertical or horizontal boxes for carrying heavy items to protect them from any damage for home removals.
Over the past recent years the number of online shoppers has tremendously increased in the India especially during the winter snow when shoppers have to buy Christmas presents online. Companies use postal boxes to deliver goods to customers in good condition since cardboard boxes provide protection and are easily available in any size for any type of order. Consumers who sell goods on auction sites like E-bay use cardboard boxes to safely deliver their auctioned-off items to buyers. There are several boxes & carton manufacturers in the India that are listed on SearchMe4, the India's leading online business directory


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Government agencies have significantly increased their enforcement of export control compliance to now include universities and research institutions. Compliance audits by the agencies elevate enforcement visibility. In response, the most important "risk minimization" step being taken by concerned major institutions, including CUNY, and endorsed by enforcement officials is designated oversight of export-controlled activities. The objective of this oversight is to help PIs and administrators proactively manage compliance through well-documented processes and ongoing awareness trainings. Read More
Exports are defined, principally, in three ways:
(1) Physical shipment of covered items or data from the United States to a foreign destination by cargo shipments, hand carried articles or courier.
(2) Electronic or digital transmission of any covered items or data from the United States to a foreign destination, including via email, or fax.
(3) Release or disclosure by visual inspections, spoken communications, or computer access to export controlled items, technology or technical data (hard or soft copy) to foreign persons [3] of certain countries validly in the U.S. on temporary student or employment visas, but who are neither U.S. citizens nor Permanent Residents; such export is deemed to occur upon the foreign national's return to his/her home country.
For purposes of both (1) and (2) above, technical data is defined as follows: blueprints, plans, diagrams, models, formulae, tables, engineering designs and specifications, manuals and instructions written or recorded on other media or devices such as disk, tape read-only memories; oral communication about any data contained therein.
The export control regulations govern laboratory instruments, equipment, materials, software, technology and technical data that can be transferred out of the country by any means (e.g. cargo shipment, hand-carried laptop content, courier, email, and spoken communication) as well as that can be accessed by foreign nationals present at our laboratories for whom certain export restrictions apply. In certain cases, these situations require prior authorization (an export license) from one of the applicable governing agencies. These agencies include the Departments of Commerce, State, Treasury, Defense, Energy, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Based on the foregoing definitions of export, controls are primarily implemented through three regulatory regimes, as follows:
(1) Export Administration Regulations (EAR): These are the Commerce Department's dual-use controls under Title 15 CFR 700-799 governing hardware, materials, equipment, software, technology and technical data that Commerce defines as dual use i.e., having civilian and inherent military or defense application. Commerce places destination (country) and end-use/user-based controls by requiring prior authorization (license) prior to export. Not all items on the Commerce Control List (CCL) are controlled for all countries. For example, the type of control such as "National Security," "Nuclear Proliferation," or "Biological/Chemical" (among other types of controls), determines what types of items are controlled for particular countries and end uses based on the item specifications, capability and use.
(2) International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR): These are the State Department's defense-based controls under Title 22 CFR 120-129 governing defense articles and activities. Defense articles are defined generally as hardware, materials, equipment, software, technology and technical data specifically designed or modified for defense or military application, without a civil performance or use equivalent. The ITAR governs many types of commercially available items built to military specifications commonly used in research activities, including but not limited to the Engineering, Biological, Information, and Space sciences. Unlike the EAR's dual-use universe, exports of ITAR items are subject to licensing regardless of destination or end user/use, unless a specific license exception is met. In other words, all destinations potentially require licenses. Further, unlike the EAR, certain countries, such as China, are per se prohibited destinations under ITAR, and for these countries, no licenses will be issued.
In addition, the ITAR also regulates a category of activities defined as "defense services." Essentially these are activities which either involve disclosing ITAR technical data to foreign nationals (or data related to a defense article) even in the pursuit of fundamental research; or disclosing any technical data (including that which is not-controlled, dual use controlled or already in the public domain) to a foreign national or related organization affiliated with a military purpose. Activity that meets one or more of these definitions likewise triggers a licensing requirement.
Please refer to the USML for a list of ITAR controlled items.
(3) Office of Foreign Assets Controls (OFAC): These are the Treasury Department's economic embargo controls under Title 31 CFR 500-598 governing which types of transactions are restricted with certain countries which OFAC defines as terrorist-sponsoring nations. Exports constitute only one of many types of restricted transactions that OFAC defines as providing a restricted service. While OFAC maintains economic embargoes with numerous countries, the only countries that directly impact exports (outbound and laboratory access) for our purposes are Cuba, Iran, Syria, and Sudan. Similar to the EAR and ITAR, transactions with these countries require licenses, which may or may not be authorized depending on the country and nature of transaction.
Outbound Shipments
Outbound shipments or transfer by any means (cargo shipment, courier, hand carried, electronic) of export controlled commodities (hardware, laboratory equipment, materials, research samples) or technical data (software, blue prints, schematics, manuals, information in any form) may be specifically controlled by the regimes discussed above (EAR, ITAR, and OFAC). Hence, it is necessary to consult these regulations to determine whether a license is required. See above-referenced links to relevant regulatory sections.
Because a license can take at least 30 days to obtain, it is critical to address a potential export requirement as soon as possible to allow for sufficient processing time. The type of license, scope and duration will depend on which authorizing agency (Commerce, State, OFAC) has jurisdiction over the license application or authorization. This rule applies even where the purpose of exporting the item is to advance fundamental research abroad, for example, as part of fieldwork to be conducted in another country or to facilitate an international collaboration.
It is important to note that even where an item (commodity) is created in the laboratory from commercially available components and data, or through technical know-how that is publicly available, the item itself may still require a license to export.
Laboratory access to controlled equipment and technical data
(1) Dual-use (EAR-governed) inventory and technical data
Since CUNY conducts its research activities under FRE, access to dual use laboratory equipment and technical data remains unrestricted, subject to three exceptions. These exceptions are noted below.
Exception #1: where a PI has received proprietary technology or source code ("data") from a sponsor (federal or industrial) as background information or a research tool by which to conduct fundamental research, and this data is export controlled, then access to this data falls outside the FRE; the PI (likely a U.S. person as required by the NDA through which the data is received) is responsible for not sharing it with foreign national members of the research team. Where it is recognized as necessary to share such data and this is contemplated by the NDA, a deemed export license may be required in order for the foreign national to access the data.
Exception #2: where the proprietary technology specifically concerns technology for the development of advanced cryptography[4] or source code containing advanced cryptography, then a deemed export license will be required prior to access by foreign nationals from Iran, Cuba, Syria, North Korea, and Sudan. Again, please note that such technology, if self-invented at CUNY, does not require a license for access by this category of foreign nationals, assuming the technology or code is intended for publication.
Exception # 3: Where CUNY rents or otherwise hosts laboratory space to external or third party users for their own proprietary, commercial purposes and not to conduct the fundamental research, the FRE does not apply to that party's access to controlled equipment and process technology. In this case, CUNY must determine whether a deemed export license is required.
(2) Defense (ITAR-governed) inventory and technical data
Like the EAR, the ITAR recognizes fundamental research subject to the same framework of not accepting publication or citizenship restrictions, and requiring that all research be intended for the "public domain." Hence, acceptance of any citizenship or publication restriction by a sponsor automatically triggers ITAR disclosure restrictions to research results classified as ITAR. Again, CUNY adheres to a strict policy of not accepting restricted funding from a government or industry sponsor (and regardless of whether CUNY is a prime or subcontractor) so that all research results are intended for the public domain. However, even where no restrictions are accepted from a sponsor as to the dissemination of research results, ITAR controls still apply to any ITAR item or data that CUNY receives either from the sponsor or a collaborating institution, or procures commercially for purposes of conducting the research. Whereas the FRE (with only certain exceptions) allows access to equipment and data used during the course of fundamental research by foreign national faculty and researchers, ITAR restricts access to equipment and data where using it in any capacity discloses the inherent design, operation, or know-how that renders it ITAR controlled. In this case, where a PI wants to provide access to a foreign national researcher, either CUNY will have to obtain an export license prior to access, or the PI will need to create a Technology Control Plan (TCP) to secure the item. The TCP is used to allow physical access to a commodity or virtual or physical access to technical data only to U.S. persons. The only exception to this rule is the situation where the foreign researcher qualifies as a full time CUNY employee and where certain other regulatory criteria are met. Even were this exception is met, the foreign researcher cannot transfer the ITAR-controlled data to any other foreign national, whether or not on the research team.
As noted, separate from the restrictive access provisions under the ITAR, ITAR also requires licensing of foreign nationals when the research activity constitutes a "defense service" as defined above.
(3) OFAC-governed transactions pertaining to Cuba, Iran, Syria and Sudan
OFAC does not per se regulate access to specific laboratory equipment, technical data and research results the way that the EAR and ITAR do. Rather, OFAC regulates transactions involving certain embargoed countries. For example, research collaboration with an institution in Cuba or Iran may require an OFAC license, even if only data and no commodity were being transferred to one of those countries. Transferring any tangible materials to the OFAC-restricted countries or importing any item from them likewise requires a license. Providing editorial comment directly to a foreign national located in one of the OFAC restricted countries as part of a journal or peer review requires review on a case-by-case basis. However, this restriction should be distinguished from those situations where research results are made publicly available by posting them on the Internet or through a professional website that anyone can access. In that case, the fact that an Iranian researcher or institution downloads the item does not constitute an OFAC violation. However, at the point at which the Iranian institution seeks specific guidance from CUNY pertaining to publicly available information or seeks technical assistance of any kind, this activity may trigger a license requirement.
International Collaborations
Separate from the licensing requirements triggered by exporting dual use and ITAR items, or engaging in OFAC-restricted transactions, all three agencies require that no transaction occurs that results in an unauthorized export to a restricted or prohibited end user of an item or data, regardless of whether or not it is EAR or ITAR controlled and regardless of the country in which the end user/recipient is located. In order to satisfy this requirement, CUNY is required to screen end users and recipients of export transactions, largely in the context of international collaborations where we send items or data abroad, or where we host foreign visitors to our laboratories and these visitors are accessing controlled equipment or data. If this screening indicates that a potential research partner is a restricted end user, this may trigger a license requirement.
Teaching/Lecturing Abroad and Participating in International Conferences
Teaching standard curriculum abroad or presenting research findings at international conferences or meetings do not present export controlled issues, provided that the following items are not exported in connection with these activities: a) samples or instruments requiring a license; b) controlled ITAR or EAR technology that is not the result of fundamental research; c) disclosure of data triggering an ITAR defense service; and d) data received under an NDA. Hence, engaging in a sidebar conversation that contains the kind of data described in b) – d) may trigger an export license requirement. As noted earlier, exporting any commodity abroad, even if to advance fundamental research, requires prior license review.
Travel Abroad
Traveling abroad with hand carried items such as laptops, jump drives, hand-held GPS devices, and prototypes or samples that happen to be portable can trigger export control regulations. In most cases, there is no license requirement for travelling with laptops and handheld communication and direction-finding devices. However, as noted earlier, laptops loaded with proprietary export controlled information may require prior authorization from the appropriate government agency. Travel to Cuba, depending on the purposes and circumstances, may require OFAC authorization. Shipping laboratory instruments abroad in support of research-related travel may most definitely require prior export authorization, depending on the item, destination, use and users.
Hosting Foreign National Visitors (non-U.S. Permanent Residents)
Depending on the level of laboratory access and purpose of the visit, it may be necessary to screen such visitors against the U.S. Government watch lists prior to their intended visits. Once approved, it may likewise be necessary to restrict such persons from export controlled instruments and data, where such items are controlled. This is particularly true where the visit is not for fundamental research purposes, but proprietary commercial purposes.
Research Activities Not Covered by the FRE
As noted, it is CUNY's policy not to accept sponsored agreements or engage in contracts that contain publication or research restrictions (although as noted earlier, certain proprietary data subject to an NDA may be accepted strictly as background information necessary to conduct otherwise unrestricted fundamental research).[5] To the extent that a potential award or contract opportunity may contain language restricting research results, the Office of Sponsored Research at the respective College in conjunction with the Research Foundation will negotiate out such provisions, or where not possible to do so, decline the opportunity. Because some preliminary discussions with federal agencies or industry partners may require a PI to preliminarily or informally agree to receive export controlled data in order to participate in the proposal process, PIs should be aware of such situations and contact the Office of Sponsored Research at the respective College and the Research Foundation to determine an appropriate solution.
Likewise, the acceptance of "side agreements" or scope extensions to previously reviewed and accepted agreements could also trigger controls to the extent they add publication or citizenship conditions. PIs should likewise discuss such situations with Sponsored Research and Research Foundation to resolve the situation.
Spin-off Companies
Where a CUNY PI or administrator has spun-off a separately chartered company to perform services unrelated to his/her staff position at CUNY, it is necessary to ensure that any export controlled activity conducted by the spin-off does not occur using CUNY physical or human resources. In such situations, it is necessary for the PI/Administrator to seek separate counsel pertaining to export control compliance obligations.
Private Consulting
Where a CUNY PI or other personnel engages in a private consulting relationship with an external party, the PI or personnel is solely and legally responsible for export control compliance resulting from the consulting relationship and does not bind CUNY. This applies to potential deemed exports involving controlled foreign nationals as well as outbound exports and re-exports. Under CUNY policy, CUNY is not liable for activity that is not conducted under its own auspices and for its own purposes.
The Export Control Administrator for your College
Click here for a list of Export Administrators
Farida Lada
Associate University Provost for Research Administration & Compliance
The City University of New York
Tel: 646-664-8909
[1] By definition, fundamental research means that no publication or citizenship restrictions are accepted from any sponsor (industry or government agency) by any means (prime contract or flow-down), explicitly or unofficially. A publication restriction is one in which a sponsor requires withholding of research results for any reason other than a) to make sure that no proprietary data provided to the PI is disclosed in the published research results or; b) the time necessary to file a patent application. A sponsor's general requirement that publication be withheld "pending review" or review for a period of time beyond what is reasonably required to filter out proprietary data would constitute a publication restriction and disqualify CUNY from FRE protection. A citizenship restriction limits research participation to U.S. persons or reserves the right to determine which nationality among researchers can participate. Hence, in order to maintain as open a research environment as possible, CUNY strictly adheres to its policy of only conducting fundamental research, and not accepting any restrictions from a sponsor that would compromise the FRE.
[2]Information becomes "published" or considered as "ordinarily published" when it is generally accessible to the interested public through a variety of ways. This includes publication in periodicals, books, print, electronic or any other media available for general distribution to any member of the public or to those that would be interested in the material in a scientific or engineering discipline. Published or ordinarily published material also includes the following: readily available at libraries open to the public; issued patents; and releases at an open conference, meeting, seminar, trade show, or other open gathering. A conference is considered "open" if all technically qualified members of the public are eligible to attend and attendees are permitted to take notes or otherwise make a personal record (but not necessarily a recording) of the proceedings and presentations.
[3] The definition of foreign persons includes companies not incorporated in the U.S., foreign governments, and international organizations.
[4] CUNY University Information Security Office can assist in determining what qualifies as advanced cryptography for this exception.
[5] Also, as noted earlier, providing laboratory space for external proprietary purposes could, likewise, trigger the export control regulations with regard to foreign national access to controlled instruments and data.


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Every day dozens and dozens of new and updated apps and games hit the iOS and Mac App Stores. It's impossible to keep up with them all, but it's not impossible to pick out the very best. Here they are! Today we've got a new security-minded messaging app, an updated Southwest Airlines app, Adobe tools and more!
New and updated iOS apps
Sicher: Messaging for individuals and teams looking for privacy. Encryption, self-destructing messages and more. Free - Download now
Scannr: Helpful for security personnel who need to check IDs. Free - Download now
OneSafe 2.6.0: Secure password manager and data vault. Now lets you share items with friends and family. Also sports bug fixes and improvements. $4.99 - Download now
Southwest Airlines 2.5.0: Electronic boarding passes and more for the popular budget airline. Added ability to check in for international flights, added boarding time to mobile boarding passes and more. Free - Download now
IMDb: The popular movie database service now helps you plan outings to the movies around start and end times. Free - Download now
Adobe Voice 1.2: Adobe's storytelling tool for iPad lets you combine video, audio, imagery and text. Adds Lightroom Mobile sync. Free - Download now
Adobe Lightroom 1.1.0: Adobe's photo editing app for mobile adds star ratings to photos and lets you view and sort photos in any order. Free - Download now
New and updated Mac apps
- Carbon Copy Cloner 3.5.5: The hard disk cloning utility for the Mac is now more proactive when dealing with malfunctioning hardware; it quits faster and offers details about what to do. $39.95 - Download now
More apps and updates?
If you try any of the apps or updates, let me know how they work for you. If you got any new or updated apps today that you loved, but don't see here, let us know about them!
This post may contain affiliate links. See our disclosure policy for more details.


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Panthers rally for 4-3 shootout win over Rangers
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NEW YORK – Aleksander Barkov scored a third-period goal and added the winner in the shootout as the Florida Panthers beat the New York Rangers 4-3 on Friday night.
Jaromir Jagr had two assists and passed Hall of Famer Gordie Howe for the most points after turning 40 with 269.
Jonathan Huberdeau had a goal and assist and Jussi Jokinen also scored for Florida. James Reimer made 29 saves for the Panthers, who are trying to stay in the Eastern Conference playoff race. Reimer made his seventh straight start with Roberto Luongo out because of a lower-body injury.
Mats Zuccarello scored two goals and J.T. Miller also tallied for the Rangers, who were unable to hold an early 2-0 lead. Brendan Smith added two assists.
Antti Raanta made his fourth consecutive start in place of the injured Henrik Lundqvist and finished with 34 saves.
The Rangers have lost six straight home games (0-5-1).


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Rav, Philadelphia, PA
Anyone with biographical information is asked to please send it in. See CONTACT page for details.
Directions to kever:
Click photo to enlarge , a new window will open, click that one as well
Rabbi Dovid Wachtfogel
September 12th, 2012 · 9 Comments
Rav, Philadelphia, PA
Tags: Pennsylvania · Philadelphia, PA
9 responses so far ↓
He was niftar 1972 and buried in Jeruslem, here is an article from JTA:
JERUSALEM, Aug. 10 (JTA) –
Rabbi David Wachtfogel of Philadelphia, who died in Philadelphia last Saturday at the age of 62 and whose remains were brought to Israel for interment, was buried yesterday on the Mount of Olives. Rabbi Wachtfogel left the Old City of Jerusalem 40 years ago and settled in the United States, serving as a leading Orthodox rabbi for many years in Philadelphia.
The eulogy was given by his father, Rabbi Yitzhak Wachtfogel, who is head of the Mea Shearim Yeshiva in Jerusalem and president of the Jerusalem Rabbinical Court. Though he is believed to be more than 80 years old, the father is still very active as a rabbi and rabbinical judge.
Jerusalem's religious community turned out in force to accompany the bodies of Rabbi Wachtfogel and of Rabbi David Cohen, a faithful disciple of Rabbi Abraham Kook, the first Chief Rabbi in pre-State Palestine. Rabbi Cohen died at the age of 86 after a long illness. President Zalman Shazar and Israel's two Chief Rabbis led one of the largest mourning processions in years for the two rabbinical leaders.
דומני שחתנו הוא האדמו"ר רבי גדליה אהרן רבינוביץ ממונסטרישצא.
מצאתי במקור כת"י הנמצא תח"י שהיה חתן הרב משה שפירא מאטלנטיק סיטי, בנו של הגה"ץ רבי בנציון רבי הירש מיכל'ס מירושלים.
I am a daughter of Harav Dovid Wachtfogel. We are six children. Our beloved father of blessed memory was a tzadik Gamoor. He loved people and helped many in many ways. Our home was a shelter for constant guests. He gave Hashgocha to slaughter houses and butchers, as well as to products like cholov yisroel milk for Pesach.
There are no words to describe the gentleness, kindness, menschlichkite, love of mitzvas and learning Torah.
Our home was a shining example of kedusha because he truly was a Rav with outstanding midos. We all adored him, and will never forget how he created a little Yerushalayim in our home in Philadelphia He worked constantly to aid in building up Eretz Yisroel and Am Yisroel. He gave tzedaka well beyond hi means and perpetuated a mishpocha that loves Torah and mitzvos. He was a joy to be with.
My siblings all live in Eretz Yisroel. Rabbi Yehoshua Bezalel Wachtfogel lives in Arzei Habira, Jerusalem. He married Tova HaKohen and has six children and many grandchildren as well as a great granchild. My oldest sister is Shoshana Yehuda from Tsfat whose husband is Rabbi David Yehuda. They too have six children, the youngest was killed in the war in Lebanon. Their family are all shomry mitzvos as well. My older sister, Shaindel Hartman lives in Kiryat Shlomo Yerushalayim. She has seven children, many many grandchildren, and great grandchildren, all shomrei mitzvos.
My younger sister Miriam Rabinowitz married Harav Gedalia Rabinowitz , Manishtrishta Rebbe who lives in Kiryat Shlomo as well. They have two children, many grandchildren, and great grandchildren shomrei mitzvos. Miriam was niftar three years ago, after a long illness.
The youngest daughter Brindy is married to Rafi Schreuver, who was born in a concentration camp. They have two sons, and have grandchildren as well. I am , Tsipora, the middle daughter. I married Rav Yitzchak Lubin and I am blessed with wonderful frum children (5). My husband was niftar in 1978. I remarried Rav Yacov Lipschutz and we have been blessed with many grandchildren and great grandchildren who are a nachus to us all.
May my father's memory continue to give us joy, for he brought simcha, ahava, and Torah to everyone he encountered, most especially his mishpocha.
Thank you Rebbetzin Lipschutz for the detailed biography.
In which concentration camp was your younger sister Brindy born? you mean a Kibbutz in Israel?
concentration camp is not a kibbutz it was at ww2
Tsipora Lipschutz,
I was a student at Ohel Jacob back in the 1960's and was so glad to find out what happened to this wonderful and G-dly man. Rabbi David Wachtfogel made a big impression on my life and I wanted to let you know that. I have wondered for years what happened to my old Synagogue after I moved away and joined another Synagogue. I went out to see on Google maps and of course the Synagogue isn't there any longer. Did it merge with another Synagogue? I hope you and your family are well and I wish much happiness and love to you and your sisters and brother and their families.
In HaShem's Name.
I'm a granddaughter.
It is Brindys husband (not she) that was born in a concentration camp, Westerbork.
Brindy was born in Philadelphia.
They met on Kibbutz in Israel.
They are blessed with grandchildren, may they have much continued nachas from them.


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Pregnant women who drank one to two cups of coffee a day (100-200 mg caffeine/day) increased the risk of fetal growth restriction by 20%, found a prospective study of 2,635 healthy pregnant women, Justin C. Konje, M.D., of the University of Leicester, and colleagues reported online today in BMJ.
In fact, they reported that the risk increased as caffeine consumption rose, and they "could find no level of intake at which there was no association with increased risk of fetal growth restriction."
They found that consuming 200 mg to 299 mg of caffeine daily -- the equivalent of two to three cups of coffee -- was associated with an increased risk of fetal growth restriction by 50% compared with women who limited daily caffeine intake to less than 100 mg or less.
Consuming more than 200 mg/day of caffeine was associated with a reduction of 60 to 70 g in birth weight "with a significant trend for grater reduction in birth weight with higher caffeine intake (P<0.004)."
The authors concluded that although the "threshold at which this risk is significantly higher is not well characterized, our data confirm that the association of fetal growth restriction with caffeine is reduced for those consuming less than 100 mg/day."
As result, they recommended that once pregnancy was confirmed every effort should be made "to stop or markedly reduce caffeine consumption."
But Jørn Olsen, M.D., of the UCLA School of Public Health in Los Angles, and Bodil Hammer Bech, M.D., of the Institute of Public Health at the University of Aarhus in Denmark, disagreed with that recommendation.
In an editorial, Drs. Olsen and Bech wrote, "We think that this advice is not justified by the current body of evidence, and that such advice may unnecessarily frighten women who have consumed caffeine while pregnant."
Instead, Drs. Olsen and Bech recommended that pregnant women should "be advised to reduce their intake of caffeine products during pregnancy, but that they should not replace caffeine containing beverages with drinks containing alcohol or soft drinks loaded with sugar."
Dr. Konje and colleagues from the CARE study group recruited low-risk pregnant women from two large hospital maternity units from September 2003 though June 2006.
Caffeine intake from four weeks before conception and throughout the pregnancy was assessed with a validated caffeine questionnaire and by saliva samples.
The mean caffeine intake during pregnancy was 159 mg/day, or a little more than a cup and a half of coffee, which was down from a pre-pregnancy consumption of more than two cups (239 mg/day).
Because this was a British study, it was not surprising that 62% of caffeine consumption came from tea, followed by coffee, colas, chocolate, and other soft drinks. Two cups of tea provide about 100 mg of caffeine.
The authors pointed out that "the steep decline in risk associated with caffeine intake of less than 30 mg/day may be attributable to unmeasured confounding. Furthermore, women who consume little or no caffeine may be generally more health conscious than those who consume more, and the effect may be one for which we have been unable to adjust."
|The study was funded by the Food Standards Agency of the United Kingdom.
Dr. Konje had no financial disclosures. Drs. Olsen and Bech made no financial disclosures.
Reviewed by
Zalman S. Agus, MD Emeritus Professor
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Primary Source
British Medical JournalSource Reference: CARE Study Group "Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and risk of fetal growth restriction: a large prospective observational study" BMJ 2008: 337: a2332.
Secondary Source
British Medical JournalSource Reference: Olsen J, Bech BH "Caffeine intake during pregnancy" BMJ 2008; 337: a2316.


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Online Resources
French and Indian War: 250th Anniversary
The New York State French and Indian War 250th Anniversary Commemoration Commission was established to raise awareness of this significant and fascinating period of American history.
Official War of 1812 Bicentennial Website
June 18, 1812, President James Madison and the United States Congress declared war on Great Britain. Battles raged across the continent from the Great Lakes to Louisiana for more than two years before peace was negotiated.
The Seven Year War
This site features many articles covering the French and Indian War, army life, biographies of people involved, information about reenactment units, and more.
New York Independence Trail
The trail from Fort Chambly, Quebec, to Staten Island provides a self-guided tour of more than 40 of the most important sites of the French and Indian and Revolutionary Wars, from restored forts and government buildings to lesser-known sites.
Great Lakes Seaway Trail
The trail is a 454-mile scenic route paralleling Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River. Explore the unique "Museum Without Walls." Brown & white War of 1812 signs leading to 42 historic sites interpreted with unique messages.
New York State Historical Area Markers
There are 139 large-format Historical Area Markers across the state. This inventory contains every marker by each region of the State.
Ontario Heritage Trust Plaques
More than 1000 Heritage Trust Plaques have been erected to promote an understanding of Ontario's past by interpreting significant heritage subjects. This index allows the user to search by theme, region, and keyword to find information on all of the plaques in the province.
Répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec (French only)
Il témoigne de l'intérêt architectural, historique, archéologique, ethnologique ou esthétique des biens faisant partie du patrimoine du Québec.
More info
Photo history of maps of Ogdensburg
Greater Ogdensburg Chamber of Commerce
St. Lawrence County Chamber of Commerce
Traditional Arts in Upstate New York
New York State Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation


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Pearl Culture Shop in Guilin
Guilin Pearl Culture Shop is located on the south of the Reed Flute Cave which is honored as "palaces of Nature's art", covering an area of about 10,000 square meters. It's a branch enterprise of China Southern Pearl Group, which exhibits and sells pearl products. China Southern Pearl Group is a large state-owned enterprise specializing in pearl research, pearl culture, pearl processing and pearl sale.
In order to carry forward the brilliant Chinese culture, Guilin Pearl Culture Shop provides the largest-scale pearl culture exhibition in China and exhibition and spot sale of China's s Southern Pearls. The pearls that are native to the coastal areas of Guangxi are known as Southern Pearls. The pearls abounding in Hepu County of Guangxi are top-quality Southern Pearls, which are fine, smooth, perfectly round, nacreous, glossy, lustrous and surpassingly beautiful.
Through the informative materials, pictures, characters, objects and specimens, you can fully know about the history, development and current situation of China pearls. Besides, the Pearl Culture Shop boasts about 2,000 designs of Southern Pearl products, among which, you can choose your favorite pearl accessories of novel design and superior quality at reasonable costs. In the processing department, you can also watch how pearls are fetched from clamshells on the spot. The leisure area and the bar can help you to relax yourself.
Customize a Tour to Guilin Pearl Culture Shop
If you want to visit Guilin Pearl Culture Shop while traveling to China, China Travel can customize a tour to Guilin Pearl Culture Shop which can save your time and money and trouble-free. Please feel free to tell us your idea!
Recommended Tours:
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Mulhern, Mary Ann, Windsor, ON
Originally uploaded by random acts of poetry.
Random Acts of Poetry, a celebration of poetry and literacy, begins its seventh year during the week of October 4th to 11th, 2010. Random Acts of Poetry is a project of the Victoria READ Society, a non-profit literacy organization, established in 1976. Random Acts of Poetry is funded by The Canada Council for the Arts.
i enjoyed her poems they struck a chord with me. her new book of poems touch the dead also also pushed some buttons of mine. very beautiful.


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Mrs. Vivian L. Skinner, 60, of 934 N. 19th St., Allentown, died Wednesday in the Lehigh Valley Hospital Center. She was the wife of Watson W. Skinner, president of Allentown City Council.
She was television producer of Twin County Cable Television's "Community Spotlight" for the past 10 years.
She and her husband were more than a married couple, they were a team. When he hosted a TV interview show on Twin County Channel 4, she served as his producer.


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Colonists on a new world may be content with dirt streets and candles for a
while, but eventually they will want paved roads and electric light, at the
very least. As soon as the colony can afford it, the colonists need to begin
developing an industrial infrastructure that enables them to produce the
industrial products needed to improve their tech level and standard of living.
They also need to develop transportation systems to transport their products,
raw materials, and agricultural goods to where they can be processed and/or
shipped off-planet.
Elsewhere in the New Era, societies will also be developing an industrial and transportation infrastructure that will help lift their worlds toward the higher levels of technology and make life better for all. Here is a set of design sequences that enables a referee to develop a worldŐs infrastructure so he and his players can get a detailed picture of how a given society operates.
The first thing any society needs if they want to move beyond the hearth and candle stage is a source of electrical power. There are a number of stationary power sources available, depending on the supporting tech level. However, for a power system to be developed, a world must have a supply of copper or aluminumŃpreferably copperŃso that a power transmission grid can be built.
Power Load
Before you build a power station for a colony or city, you need to determine your power load requirement. This depends on the local tech level and the number of homes, businesses, and industries in the power stationŐs service area. To determine the required load, see the power load table. It contains the average power requirements for a typical Tech Level 8 city.
User Power Load Homes 1 Kilowatt per 500 square meters Retail Stores 1.5 Kilowatts per 500 square meters. Offices 2 Kilowatts per 500 square meters Industries Varies, see specific industry Public Lighting 500 watts per 1000 square meters
Decrease power requirements by 10% for each tech level below TL8 down to TL4. Electrical power is not available at TL 3 or lower. Increase power requirements by 20% for each tech level above TL8.
Nuclear Power
Any of the nuclear power production plants listed in the Nuclear Power Plants table may be built if the local tech level can support it. Fission power plants must have a supply of radioactives, either from local sources or from off-planet. Typical stationary nuclear plants are in the 500 to 1000 MW range.
Hydro Power
Wet worlds can support hydroelectric power installations. These are built where there is flowing water to turn a turbine. This may be along streams or rivers where sluices run water over small turbines, or at dams where stored water is run through large turbine installations.
Hydro Turbines MW Mass (Tonnes) Price (MCr) Minimum Vol. Small (TL4) .010 .05 0.0005 .05 Large (TL5) 50 20 0.02 20
Dam construction requires years of time, thousands of workers, and the
movement of millions of cubic meters of earth. Because of this, worlds would
have to be fairly well developed and have reached at least TL 5 before major
hydroelectric projects are attempted. However, from an energy standpoint they
are worthwhile, as the largest hydro projects have generated up to 20,000
MEGAwatts of power. Installations generating about 6,000 megawatts are more
At the colonial level, small wooden dams may be built to channel water through sluices to power small generators. This water may also be used for crop irrigation or as a colonial water supply.
Wind Power
If there is a location such as a gap between mountains or seacliffs where winds blow constantly, you can erect wind turbines to generate electricity. The amount of electricity generated varies with the diameter of the turbine blades and the wind speed. Commercially available wind turbines with 10-meter turbine blades generate 100 kilowatts from winds blowing at 6.25 meters per second. An individual wind turbine masses 0.005 tonnes and costs Cr500. It must be mounted on a 15 meter pylon costing Cr200. 100 or more wind turbines are usually built grouped together as 'wind farms' to extract as much energy as possible from a windy location. As winds are not totally reliable, wind energy is most often used to supplement other power sources.
Solar Power
Solar power arrays described in FF&S may be assembled in ground installations to provide supplementary power during daylight hours. However, unless sufficient storage batteries are available, a solar array is useless at night. Orbiting solar arrays capable of capturing stellar energy from synchronous orbit and beaming it to surface rectifier/antenna installations can overcome most of the daylight limitation. The solar arrays would transmit their power through what are effectively large masers with a megawatt rating equal to the megawattage produced by the solar array. See the Maser Communicators table for baseline values to be used to design these masers.
Rectifier/antenna (rectenna) installations are needed to receive the microwave power and to step down the frequency to a standard electrical range (50-60 hertz). The rectenna installation area should be 100 square meters per maser megawatt. Rectenna installations cost MCr0.1 for every 100 square meters.
Transmission Grid
Any power plant is useless without a way of getting power to the people. A power transmission grid must be built for this purpose. It consists of two components, long-distance high voltage carriers and local distribution grids. These both require three elements: a conductor, an insulator, and a support structure. The conductor is most often wire. Copper wire is most common although aluminum wire can be used in its place at less efficiency. The planet where the grid is built must have a convenient source of one of these elements. Insulators are made from glass or other non-conductors. They are needed to keep the current from the supporting structure and draining away into the ground. The supporting structure consists of steel or wooden towers for the long distance cables, and steel or wooden poles for the local grid. Construction costs for a long-distance power line runs Cr1000 per kilometer. Costs for a local grid total Cr100 per building supplied with power.
1. Volume
Determine the volume of your building. As a guide, the average height of an enclosed room in a building is 3 meters. The average area of a house is 500 square meters. Therefore, the volume of an average one-story house is 1500 cubic meters. The nearest equivalent on the FF&S Hull Size table is a 100 tonne structure enclosing 1400 cubic meters. We will use that to design a sample building, in this case a house.
2. Shape
Select the house's shape from the Hull Form and Configuration table. Cylinders, Boxes, Spheres, and Domes are commonly used for buildings, with Boxes being the most common. We select Box for the house.
3. Construction Material
Select a construction material from the Construction Material Table. We select wood because it is readily available. Because we are concerned about possible native attacks, we want our house to have some armor value. Our walls will be 5 centimeters thick with an armor value of 1. Our construction material volume equals the material volume of our house (6 cubic meters) times the material volume multiplier for a box structure (1.2) times the thickness (5). We need 36 cubic meters of wood to build our house. The construction material costs Cr500 per cubic meter or (500 x 36) Cr 18000.
Construction Materials Table TL Type Toughness Mass Price (Cr) 1 Loose Dirt 0.04 1.5 Ń 1 Stone, Packed Dirt 0.2 2.5 Ń 1 Wood 0.2 0.7 500 2 Masonry 0.3 3 1000 4 Reinforced Concrete 0.4 4 1500 6 Hard Steel 2 8 1600 6 Glass 0.01 2.5 1000 7 Aluminum 1 3 1500
4. Interior Structure
Simple homes have their load bearing structure within their exterior walls. Wooden buildings may not be built more than three stories high without an interior structure. More complex buildings taller than three stories require interior structures. These are commonly built of iron or steel beams. Other buildings may use their interior structures for support, with their exterior not bearing any load. It's possible for buildings to have a steel interior structure and glass exterior walls. If non-load bearing interior walls are desired in a building, add them at 5% multiplied by the number of rooms in the building times the cost of the exterior walls. We want 5 rooms in our home so we add interior walls for Cr4500.
5. Power
The wiring for electrical power (if it is available) costs Cr500 per 1000 cubic meters of structure. Since our structure has a 1400 cubic meter volume, electrical wiring will cost (Cr500 x 1.4) or Cr700. If the building is in a remote location, it may have its own power plant selected from those listed in FF&S. This home would require a power plant capable of supplying 1 kilowatt.
6. Plumbing
Piping to supply water and remove waste costs Cr300 per 1000 cubic meters of structure or (Cr300 x 1.4) or Cr420.
7. Cost
Add up the cost of each component. This is the cost of the basic building, it does not include carpeting, furniture or other ammenities. This house costs Cr23620.
If a planet has iron ore deposits and coal, it has the ingredients to produce iron. If it has copper ore, it can produce copper and all its electrically conductive products. If it has tin, it can produce tin and combine it with copper to produce bronze. At low tech levels this takes place in crude smelters. Here, the ore is ground up and heated in coal-fired furnaces. The native metal liquifies and separates from the pulverized rock which turns into slag. Iron ore typically has 2 to 5 percent pure iron. In other words, you need 1000 tons of ore to refine 2 to 5 tons of pure iron. A typical 300 cubic meter blast furnace produces one ton of iron per 500 ton charge. The furnace costs Cr500 per cubic meter. Copper ore has a similar content and is smelted much the same. Aluminum is even less beneficial and canŐt be economically extracted until TL5 when electrochemical refining processes are developed that require 12 kilowatts of electricity for each half kilogram of aluminum. By TL8 this drops to 4.5 kilowatts per half kilogram.
Iron can be cast into useful implements such as beams, rails, wire, and nails. This takes place in a foundry. Copper wire is at a premium on a developing world; its vitally needed for electrical wire.
The ability to produce steel brings you up to Tech Level 4. Now you can produce steel hulls, steel armor, and more importantly for a civilization, steel beams, rails, and sheets.
Steel production begins with iron production. Iron is melted down and carbon and limestone are added. Compressed air and oxygen is then blown through the molten metal. After the liquid metal is drawn off from the steel conversion vessel, varying amounts of manganese and nickel are added to make the steel both tougher and easier to work. It is then rolled into sheets or forged into rails, beams, or ingots. TL4 converter vessels are 6 meters high by 3 meters in diameter and can produce one ton of steel. Open hearth furnaces work similarly but are larger. By TL6, these produce batches of up to 1500 tons; by TL8, up to 10,000 tons. Steel converters cost Cr1000 per ton of steel produced.
Hydrocarbons, both coal and crude oil, are the major fuel sources on newly developed or low tech worlds. Coal may be initially discovered through outcroppings of veins into surface soil. Crude petroleum is discovered often seeping to the surface near springs or in swamps. Once discovered, both need to be extracted. Surface coal can be simply dug out in small mines. Or it can be strip mined with blasting charges. As the veins go deeper, vertical mineshafts and horizontal ŇdriftsÓ must be built. (See ŇTunneling CostsÓ later in this chapter.) Crude oil must have wells dug, possible only at TL 4 and above when metallurgy provides hard materials for drill bits. After coal is cleaned, crushed into uniform sized lumps, and transported, it is ready to be used.
Crude oil must be refined. This requires a continuous fractioning column. The crude oil is heated to 295 degrees Celsius and evaporates. As the oil is heated, various fractions evaporate and rise through the column. The lighter fractions rise to the top where they are collected, heavier fractions are collected toward the bottom, and asphalt solids remain at the bottom. Light fuels suitable for internal combustion and gas turbine power plants is half the resulting fraction, heavier fuels suitable for steam power plants and wet ships constitute most of the remaining half. About 5 % of the heavy fuel is recycled to heat the fractioning column. The rest settles as asphalt, suitable for paving roads. A fractioning column can process 1 kiloliter of crude oil per cubic meter of its internal volume per hour. A column costs Cr2000 per cubic meter internal volume.
Roads are basic to any society. The first roads are dirt tracks through the wilderness, and the first streets are the spaces between the buildings in a village.
As a society advances and finds sources of petrochemicals, limestone, sand, and gravel, roads are paved so that wheeled traffice can move more efficiently, mud can no longer bog down vehicles, and dust and dirt generated by passing traffic is kept to a minimum. Note that the construction and maintenance costs do not include land acquisition costs, if any, for the right of way. Also, they do not include the cost of bridges or tunnels.
Trails & Tracks(TL0)
These are the first overland roads. They cost nothing to build as they are essentially formed by the passage of humans and their wagons and sometimes by the passage of local animal life. Vehicles using trails and tracks move at their cross-country speed rate + 5 kph as they do not have to break through brush. They are reduced to their basic cross-country speed in rainy weather because of mud. Maintenance cost: Cr10 per kilometer per year.
Improved Trails & Tracks(TL1)
These are basically trails and tracks that have been widened and graded with animal-powered scrapers. Traffic may pass each other in opposite directions without one party leaving the road. Otherwise, they are treated as normal tracks and trails. Construction cost: Cr100 per kilometer; maintanance cost: Cr20 per kilometer per standard year.
Gravel Roads (TL3)
These are roads surfaced with crushed gravel from nearby quarries. Vehicles moving on gravel roads move at their cross-country speed + 20 kph and do not have a mud penalty in rainy weather. Sustained use of tracked vehicles will destroy the gravel surface, however, and reinstitute any mud penalty after 6 hours of constant use. Construction cost: Cr 500 per kilometer; maintenance cost Cr50 per kilometer per year.
Asphalt Roads (TL4)
There must be a hydrocarbon refinery nearby to provide asphalt for this type of surface. This is the basic road type found on mid-technology worlds. They are built with two or more lanes to allow opposing traffic and passing. Each lane is 3 meters wide. Vehicles moving on asphalt roads move at their road speed and do not have a mud penalty. However, sustained use by tracked vehicles destroys the road surface in 12 hours, reducing speeds to cross-country speed and reinstituting any mud penalty. Construction cost: Cr5000 per kilometer per lane; maintenance cost Cr500 per kilometer per lane per year.
Concrete Roads (TL5)
An alternative to asphalt roads, concrete roads require a supply of sand, gravel, and limestone which has been thermally converted into cement. Concrete roads affect vehicle speed the same as asphalt roads and are somewhat more durable; tracked vehicles can use them for 18 hours before speeds are reduced to cross country. Also, their annual maintenance cost is less because their frequency of repair is lower. Construction cost: Cr5000 per kilometer per lane; maintenance cost Cr300 per kilometer per lane per year.
Fused Roads(TL13)
The ultimate in road surfacing and construction, fused roads are built with mobile fusion reactors that use plasma jets to melt and fuse the ground into a thick, glass-like surface. Construction costs are relatively cheap because most of the construction material is at hand. Maintenance is cheap because of the surface's durability. Construction cost: Cr2000 per kilometer per lane; maintenance cost Cr100 per kilometer per lane per year.
Wagons may be designed for use on low-tech worlds using the Ground Vehicle Design sequence in FF&S with the following additions and exceptions: Add this line to the Suspension table:
Type TL Vol. Mass SA Price Wagon Wheel 2 0 0.5 0 .0002 Note that the volume taken up by wheels and the surface area used by the wheels are zero because the wheels are external to the chassis.
Power Plant
Wagons are pulled by draft animals which become the wagon's power plant. To determine speed, multiply the number of draft animals pulling the wagon by 0.0005 to determine their power in megawatts. (An animal pulls with one half its mass in watts. A 1,000 kilogram draft animal pulls with the equivalent of 500 watts.)
One wagon driver on a bench seat.
If desired, additional bench seats may be installed for passengers. Treat these as Restricted Seats.
The speed of the wagon is restricted to the speed of the draft animals as listed in the Travel Movement table on page 196 of Traveller The New Era.
Sample Wagon TL3 Pioneer Wagon General Data Displacement: 1 ton Hull Armor: 0 Volume: 14 Cost: MCr0.00186 Target Size: MC Configuration: Standard Chassis Tech Level: 3 Mass (Loaded/Empty): (14.64/0.64) Engineering Data Power Plant: 1,2, or 4 draft animals generating 0.0005 MW of power each Power Transmission: Harness and yoke. Maximum Speed: Speed of draft animal, average walking speed 5 kph. Maintenance: 1 Accommodations Crew: 1, Driver. Bench Seat (as Restricted Seat but with room for driver and passenger. Other passengers may ride in wagon body.) Cargo: 14 tonnes The wagon may be open or covered by a semicircular canvas top 3 meters high.
The flanged steel wheel rolling along a steel rail is the most efficient transportation system available for the overland movement of goods and people until the advent of cheap contra-grav transportation. This is because the rolling resistance of a steel wheel on a steel rail is up to 90 percent lower than a wheel rolling along a road. Railroads consist of two basic parts: track and rolling stock.
Building track and its associated right of way is similar to building a gravel road with the addition of steel rails and their wooden or concrete crossties. Rails are made of iron beginning at TL-3 and soft steel beginning at TL-4. A standard straight rail is 10 meters long by 0.03 meters high by 0.01 meters wide. It has a volume of 0.003 cubic meters, weighs 24 kilograms, and costs Cr5. Curved rails are similar but cost Cr7. Iron rails cost Cr20 credit per kilometer per year to maintain while more durable steel rails cost Cr10 per kilometer per year. Standard gauge (width between rails) is 1.44 meters.
To calculate the cost of laying track, first determine the cost of the road bed by multiplying Cr250 per kilometer per track (equal to a half-width gravel road per track). Then calculate the cost of the rail by multiplying straight sections by Cr500 per kilometer per track, and curved sections by Cr700 per kilometer per track. Add the costs of switches at junctions and marshalling yards. These costs Cr300 per switch.
Speed Limits
The road construction techniques available at various tech levels impose a speed limit on trains as shown in the speed limit table below.
Speed Limits TL Speed Limit /KPH 3 60 4 80 5 100 6 160 7 250 8 300 9 500
Rolling Stock
Rolling stock consists of locomotives and cars. The first trains were drawn by horses, but these were soon replaced by steam and internal combustion locomotives.
Locomotives as their name suggests pull trains of cars. Early steam locomotives are available beginning at TL3 while diesel internal combustion locomotives are available at TL4.
Locomotives may be designed like any other ground vehicle using the FF&S Ground Vehicle design sequence with several changes:
Add the following to the Suspension Table Type TL Vol Mass SA Price Flanged Wheel 3 1 0.20 90 .0001 Add the following to the Wheel and Tracked Transmissions table: TL Vol/T Vol/W Price 3 - 5 .00075
This represents the volume of the large piston rods and driver wheels. Other, less voluminous transmissions may be used at higher tech levels.
The width of the locomotive is restricted to the width of the track. Standard gauge is 1.44 meters, however wider or narrower guages may be used.
Rail vehicles only have road speed. Calculate the road speed with the formula 5 + ([MWÖLW]x2500)x5. This modified road speed formula reflects the increased efficiency of a flanged steel wheel on a steel rail. Note that the loaded weight is the weight of the entire TRAIN including all cars and the locomotive, not just the locomotive. Note that top speed is restricted by the tech level of the roadbed.
At TL5, electric locomotives which draw power from a central power station through overhead wires, may be designed. The locomotiveŐs electric motors and associated electrical equipment have the following statistics:
TL Description MW Mass MCr Min Vol Kl/Hour Fuel Type 5 Electric 0.5 1 0.05 0.01 none none
The megawattage rating is the maximum throughput per cubic meter of motors. More than one locomotive may be attached to a train.
Electrifying a railroad line costs Cr2500 per kilometer.
Steam locomotives require one engineer and a stoker/assistant. Internal combustion and electric locomotives only require an engineer.
Steam locomotives require equal amounts of water and hydrocarbon fuel carried in a separate tender immediately behind the locomotive or in a storage bin near the stoker's station. The fuel may be solid or liquid.
Locomotives that are to be used in military applications, such as pulling armored trains, may be armored.
Rail Cars
Rail cars are also designed using the FF&S Ground Vehicle Design sequence. However, they do not have power plants or transmissions. They use the Flanged Wheel Suspension Table entry included in the locomotive design sequence above and must conform to the track width restrictions. Cars may be simple wheeled boxes or platforms designed to haul cargo, wheeled tanks for liquid cargo, or elaborately outfitted passenger cars with seats, bunks, dining facilities, stewards, and basic life support. Cars may also be armored and armed. Armored trains and railroad artillery are common at TL4 and 5.
Sample Locomotive - TL 3 Steam Locomotive General Data Displacement: 1 ton Hull Armor: 1 Volume: 14 Cost: MCr0.036 Target Size: MC Configuration: Standard Chassis Tech Level: 3 Mass (Loaded/Empty): 40/40) Engineering Data Power Plant: 1.4 megawatt early steam reciprocating, 15 hour duration with 5 tons coal, 5 tons water carried in tender. Power Transmission: Piston rods and driving wheels Maximum Speed: 130kph with 10-car, 10-ton train subject to 60 kph roadbed speed limit for TL3. Maintenance: 40 Accommodations Crew: 2, Driver and Stoker (1 x Engineering,1 x Command) Crew Accommodations: 2x cramped workstations on platform behind locomotive.
Mining and Tunneling
Deep mines require vertical shafts and horizontal tunnels. Vertical mine shafts have a volume equal to the depth of the mine times a cross section of 36 square meters, large enough for an ore elevator and a personnel elevator. Horizontal tunnels, called 'drifts,' have a volume equal to their length in meters times their cross section of 9 square meters. Rooms may be dug at the ore face to allow rooms for digging machines and other heavy equipment. Vertical shafts cost Cr1000 per vertical meter of shaft. Horizontal drifts cost Cr500 per horizontal meter.
Roads and railroads may need tunnels to pass through hills and mountains. Tunnels may also be built as underground dwellings. In the case of road and rail tunnels, determine the height and width of the vehicles passing through the tunnel and add 10% to these figures to provide sufficient clearance. Then multiply this square meter result by the horizontal length in meters to determine the tunnel volume. Calculate the price in MCr by multiplying the volume by the price per cubic meter on the Tunneling Cost table.
Tunneling Costs TL MCr/cubic meter 4 0.0010 5 0.0008 6 0.0008 7 0.0005 8 0.0003 9 0.0002 10 0.00015 11 0.00015 12 0.00007
®1997 by Terry McInnes. Traveller is a registered trademark of Far Future Enterprises.
All rights reserved.


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10 comments
I think there's a similar Cyberzone in SM Cebu but unfortunately, there isn't one in Cagayan de Oro. I would have enjoyed having one here.ReplyDelete
SM Cyberzone is one cool place to visit at any SM malls. I think, people won't miss to visit this place every time they go to any SM branches.ReplyDelete
Of course! The SM's Cyberzone is like the haven for people like me! I am a techie, as well as I like cosplays and such. Our Cyberzone here in SM Pampanga is one of the best places in the mall, I can stay here for hours without buying anything! Hehe. :DReplyDelete
Parang masayang dalhin ang mga kids dito. It reminds me of TimeZone, really...hihihiReplyDelete
It's the digital era and CYBERZONE is one techie place for those techie young and adults who love to play games and indulge to recreational activities like what the zone offers to the public.ReplyDelete
I love SM. And SM Cyberzone's is one of my favorites. It has all the gadgets and new technologies in the market.ReplyDelete
Cyberzone is one of my favorite places at SM malls. Just looking around keeps me updated on the latest gadgets and technologies.ReplyDelete
It seems like each SM Mall nowadays has Cyberzone already. The nearest SM we have hear has recently launched one as well :) More gadgets that lure mall-goers and more hi-tech we become.ReplyDelete
You can find Cyberzone in every SM malls here in the metro. Good to know Cyberzone is also in SM Lanang. I'm sure this Holiday season, tech gadgets will sell like hotcakes.ReplyDelete
I got my new Waterproof Digital Camera from Cyberzone...well, it's from Megamall though.ReplyDelete


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SAN DIEGO, CA – Softcup is pleased to announce that through Project Dignity, 50,000 Softcup menstrual cups have been donated to women and girls in underserved countries.
Project Dignity, a buy-one, give-one program, was launched in October 2013 at the Clinton Global Initiative in New York City. The goal of the two-year program was to donate 50,000 Softcups to girls in emerging markets, primarily in Africa, to help keep them in school during their periods.
Softcup and program partner WomanCare Global (WCG) worked with non-profit groups, community outreach programs, healthcare providers and clinics in 16 different countries including: Cambodia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Philippines, Rwanda, S. Africa, S. Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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WomanCare Global Chief Medical Officer Dr. Kelly Culwell commented: "WCG is proud to be a part of Project Dignity because menstrual hygiene is a crucial aspect of health and well-being for women and girls globally. It is time to start taking menstruation seriously on an international level."
About Softcup
Softcup is a flexible cup that is worn internally, around the cervix to collect, rather than absorb, menstrual flow. It's hypo-allergenic and completely safe when used as directed. Learn more at http://softcup.com/.
About WomanCare Global
WomanCare Global is a global non-profit healthcare company founded in 2009, whose mission is to provide reproductive health solutions for women and girls around the world. Leveraging medical, social and commercial expertise, WCG has built a sustainable value chain that enables the reliable delivery of high-quality products and point of care services, resulting in more informed providers and more family planning options for women and girls. WCG's hybrid model redirects financial surplus achieved from sales in developed countries to under-served markets thereby eliminating economic and geographic barriers and increasing impact.
Media Inquiries
Kaitlin Ball
+858-550-1900 ext. 113