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The proponents of the stimulus packages have justified their action by claiming that the new income offered to the people would help them to raise consumption. The increase in consumption will, in turn, raise the demand for goods and services.
The producers are then expected to respond to the increased demand by increasing the production. It would finally help the economy to come out of the feared recession.
These economic stimulus packages are based on the economic philosophy propounded by John Maynard Keynes in 1936 in a book titled 'General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money'. This philosophy that prescribed the governmental action through deficit budgets was very popular in almost all the countries in the subsequent four decades or so. Accordingly, it gave rise to the popular economic policy action that 'governments should finance economic activities' of a country.
This Keynesian philosophy assumes that an economy cannot perform at its potential level due to a deficiency in the effective demand caused by a corresponding deficiency in consumption. Hence, the solution to the problem is the increase in the demand by whatever the means. Since the private sector cannot be expected to act promptly, governments were advised to pump funds to raise the demand in the economy.The recovery of the economy through government's funding takes place as follows:
When people receive new income, they spend it on consumption.
The additional consumption will raise the demand for goods and services.
To satisfy the increased demand, producers will raise production by engaging resources, both physical and human.
It will put the economy back to the long term growth path.
The basic assumption here is that people, when they receive a new income, would immediately spend it on consumption. For instance if a person gets an additional 100 rupees, he would use the entirety of his new income or a significant portion of it, for increased consumption. Keynes believed that people have a tendency to spend a lesser amount out of an increase in income.
He called it marginal propensity to consume with a value of less than one because only a part of the new income is consumed, while the balance is saved. This consumed part is an expenditure for the person, but an income for another person in the economy.
For instance, if a person buys a loaf of bread, it is an expenditure for the buyer, but an income for the seller.
In a second round, the seller would spend it on consumption according to his marginal propensity to consume. It thus gives rise to a series of income and expenditure, but at a dwindling rate, because everybody spends less than what he or she got as income. This will continue until the consumption force of the originally created new income is fully exhausted by spenders and income recipients.
But, in the process, Keynes believed that a new output and income are created in multiple terms, driving the economy out of the economic depression.
Hence, according to Keynes, for an economy to have continuous economic growth, maintaining a high consumption is essential. Similarly, to get an economy out of depression, a higher portion, almost closer to the full amount, of new income should be spent on consumption. Since consumption is based on the absolute income, he called it absolute income hypothesis.
After Keynes
However, after Keynes, many economists have come up with different formulations about people's consumption behaviour.
Milton Friedman, a Nobel Laureate in economics, said that people base their consumption on what they perceive as permanent income. Accordingly, any income received as temporary income is not considered when they plan and execute their consumption decisions. He called this 'permanent income hypothesis'.
Since, stimulus packages offer temporary income increases, according to Friedman's argument, they do not contribute to raising consumption and demand.
James Dusenberry, an economist attached to Harvard University in USA, said that consumption is based, not on the absolute income that one receives, but on how he is placed among others in the society. Hence, consumption decisions are made by looking at how one's neighbours have performed with respect to earning incomes.
If one's new income is higher than the income of neighbours, then, he would get a feeling of higher well-being and be induced to increase his consumption. Since consumption is based on relative income, he called this 'relative income hypothesis'.
Franco Modigliani presented a completely different argument relating to consumption. According to him, the total income and total consumption of a person during his life cycle are equal to each other.
During the mid-ages when a person is productive, his consumption is less than the income and he saves; during the young age and old age, his consumption is higher than the income because he uses his past savings or bequests he has got from him parents. Hence, temporary incomes cause higher consumption only when such incomes are paid to old people.
It, therefore, shows that there is a significant body of economic knowledge that raises doubts about the ability of temporary incomes to raise consumption, demand and finally rescue economies out of recession.
There are some other weaknesses in stimulus packages that arise from how funds are sourced for such packages.
If funds are raised by taxing people, the income which they could spend on consumption (or disposable income) will decline as a result of new taxation. To that extent, consumption too will fall. When the money income rises due to the stimulus, consumption is expected to rise, but as shown previously, it may not take place at all. In such a situation, the economy would recede to a still lower level. The way out of this problem is to increase incomes permanently by continuous stimulus packages, but that may not be feasible to implement due to scarcity of resources.
The same situation would arise if funds are raised by borrowing. The lenders to the government would do so by cutting their consumption and, therefore, the overall consumption would fall. When the borrowings are recycled through the stimulus, whether the consumption would rise or not will depend on how far it is considered as an increase in permanent income by people.
If the stimulus package is financed by printing new money, the situation becomes much more alarming. This is because the ultimate money supply increase is much more than the initial printing due to commercial banks' use of printed money as seed money to create multiple deposits and credit.
If the economy is already going through a high inflation phase, the increase in the aggregate demand will worsen the existing inflationary situation. If inflation becomes uncontrollable, the economy would become weaker and beyond redemption.
Even if the current inflation is mild and under control, the use of inflation to stimulate an economy may not be the proper option, since the inflationary growth, at the end, would become a 'lose' situation for the government and a 'lose' situation for the people.
What this shows is that stimulus packages aiming at rescuing ailing economies by increasing consumption will not deliver the expected results.
If the governments know that stimulus packages do not work, then, why do they introduce such packages? First, they would do so to build confidence of people in the economy and marshal their collective action to raise economic activities.
Second, it is necessary to convince the public that the government is doing something to rescue the economy. Third, as some economists have argued, governments may be tempted to support the sections that have supported them in elections.
In countries which are highly dependent on imports, stimulus packages may lead to an unwarranted problem in the form of increased imports and consequential balance of payments problems. The loss of reserves would put pressure on the exchange rates to depreciate, a requirement to correct the persistent balance of payments deficits.
Economists point out that countries with persistent deficit financing in their budgetary operations have implemented permanent stimulus packages. This occurs when the governments consume more than their revenue and make available new incomes to people continuously. However, there has been no evidence that economic growth in such countries has accelerated to an impressive level on a permanent basis.
The long term experience in such countries has been the high inflation and low economic growth. Sri Lanka offers one of the best examples to amplify this point.
During the entire post-independence period except in 1954 and 1955, Sri Lanka had a budget deficit which sometimes remained between 7-10 percent of its GDP. Its result was the elevation of the country to a high inflation regime coupled with moderate economic growth.
Accordingly, during the three decades from 1977, its inflation on average stood at 11 percent per annum and growth rate barely at 5 percent.
If the stimulus packages do not work, how could an economy be rescued?
Economic growth depends on continuous high investment and innovations leading to improvement in productivity. Hence, governments should have stimulus packages to induce investments and raise productivity and not for temporary increases in consumption. It should facilitate the private sector to invest more and have policies to make people work harder.
This was practised by Singapore during the whole of its post independence period. The result was dramatic and Singapore could elevate itself to the status of a developed country within a quarter of a century.
In all other circumstances, stimulus packages would simply be a waste of resources.


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Local Wineries, Food Purveyors and Entertainers Shine Bright at Foundation's Annual Gala
The Mendocino College Foundation's annual Gala on Saturday, October 1 showcased the BEST of MENDOCINO COUNTY. The best food, wine, beer, champagne and gifts were available to guests.
"Survey results are still coming in from the 400 plus crowd of guests but the feedback so far indicates that guests "loved" the new format of this year's event," stated Diane Daubeneck, Special Event Chair. Guests were directed to an area under the majestic oak trees where they tasted wine from over 25 local wineries and enjoyed delectable bites from 18 food purveyors including the college's own Culinary Arts Management Program.
Guests loved the setting under the oak trees; the wine and appetizer stations (they thought the food was fantastic and our local restaurants wowed everyone with their first class food); the Culinary Arts Management Program (CAM) was mentioned several times and people loved talking to the students in the program; people enjoyed the "fun" factor in this year's event; 86% of those surveyed said that the selection of wine and appetizer stations were excellent!
This year's fund a need provided scholarship funds for nursing graduates to pursue higher education in the form of a bachelor's in nursing or family nurse practitioner degree. "Attendees were incredibly generous during fund a need giving from $5,000 to $50 bringing in over $23,000 to support our nursing program graduates," stated Katie Fairbairn, Executive Director.
The popular pick your prize items again featured the best of Mendocino County and included Jan Hoyman Pottery, Leonard Lake Reserve, Handley Cellars, Jaxon Keys, and a big shiny barbeque courtesy of Friedman's Home Improvement to name a few.
Lucky guest Margot Schrock walked away with the evening's Free Prize giveaway; an outdoor pizza oven and accessory package generously provided by ER Energy.
The event has raised over $110,000 and additional donations are being received. In addition to the fund a need, proceeds from this event provide scholarships and book awards to students attending a Mendocino College campus in Ukiah, Willits, Lakeport and Fort Bragg.
Special thanks to the following wineries, food purveyors and our fantastic performers:
Barra Winery, Bink Wines, Bonterra, Campovida, Coro of Mendocino, Enoteca
Foursight Wines, Frey Winery, Greenwood Ridge Vineyards, Handley Cellars
Husch Vineyards, Jaxon Keys, Kimmel Vineyards, Knez Winery, McNab Ridge, Mia Bea Wines, Naughty Boy, North Coast Brewing Co., Panthea Wine, Parducci, Philo Ridge, Saracina Vineyards, Seebass Family wines, Simaine Cellars, Testa Vineyards, Yorkville Cellars. Assaggiare Mendocino, Bella Cibo, Chop Chop, Crush Italian Steakhouse
Dora's Gourmet Café, Mendocino College Culinary Arts Management Program, Nikos Gyro Shop, Oco Time, Patrona, Piazza de Campovida, Saucy, Stan's Maple Café
Starchild Chocolate, Ukiah Garden Café, Black Dog Farm and Catering and Harvest Market. Elena Casanova and Friends and the Funky Dozen.
This year's Presenting Sponsor was the Savings Bank of Mendocino County and additional sponsors included Law Office of Caren Callahan, Khoury Dentistry, American AgCredit, Mendo Lake Credit Union, Sutter Lakeside Hospital, Ukiah Valley Medical Center, Frank R. Howard Hospital, Beckstoffer Vineyards, Gary Nix- Realtor, Keenan and Associates, MCHC Health Centers, Parker Mortgage and Investment Company, Realty World Selzer Realty, SHN Consulting Engineers and Geologists, 94.5 Kwine 93.5 Max, Mendocino County Fair Wine Competition.
"Based on guest comments and the feedback that I have received this was our best Gala yet," stated Charley Myers, Foundation President.
For more information about the Mendocino College Foundation or to donate towards any of their programs, call 707-467-1018 or visit http://foundation.mendocino.edu.
Comments are closed.

subset: commoncrawl


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|The World is Flat - tss..!
|Oxygen outlet
|Noodles? Rice?
The Qinghai Express left on time, we were about to spend two nights on it, travelling from west-central China towards its western province Tibet (in my Blog I will refer to Tibet as a province of China, more about this topic later in this post). The time on the train was not too hard to kill, some sleep here, some noodles there, a breathtaking look outside the window or a few pages of a book made the time pass easily. Ironically I am currently reading Thomas Friedmans 'The World is Flat' – while climbing up to 5072 meters.
As scheduled, we arrived in Lhasa on the 12. of June (exactly one month left for my Asia-Trip). With only little acclimatization problems, it felt good to finally be in the famous capital and biggest town of Tibet. Although we were recommended to stay in the hotel for the rest of the first day on 3650 meters, we could not stop ourselves and started exploring the town by feet. Our goal was clear; we needed to see the Potala Palace!
We found it – like hundreds of Chinese tourists. For some, I was the greater attraction, like in other countries in Asia, they were very surprised by the tall, white and long-nosed fellow. In extreme cases, they dropped everything and ran straight to me, just to get a picture. Feeling like a star, I fulfilled all the wishes and continued replying 'no' to the question whether I knew Yao Ming – the Chinese basketball superstar.
|Hello, my name is George and I DO NOT play basketball!
We spent three days in Lhasa, exploring the surrounding sights, including not only the Potala Palace, but also various monasteries and temples. Our very competent and friendly guide Sonam helped us to understand the meaning and importance of all the places. He also brought us closer to the Tibetan Buddhism, a religion very different to the other types of Buddhism which I encountered so far.
|Debating Monks and Lamas
|Is the hand a hand - or something else?
As a little desert, we decided to go for a boat trip in Lhasa. The day before we left towards western Tibet we rode a speed boat on 3650 meters – an experience for its own. Then we (group of 8 individuals, as travelling alone is prohibited) drove to Shigatse and kept on exploring monasteries, high mountain passes and unique landscapes on the way. As there were plenty of all the mentioned, I will not even try to upload a justifying amount of pictures, otherwise Nepal might suffer a total breakdown of all their internet connections.
Then our tour guide Sonam had the brilliant idea to leave one day earlier for the Everest Base Camp (EBC), since weather forecasts promised a higher chance to actually see the mountain one day earlier. So we jumped in our Landcruisers and drove up to 5000 meters, to the ETC (Everest Tourist Camp). The real base camp is not accessible without an 'Expedition Permit' which is issued only in exchange to a vast amount of money. The ETC welcomed us with oxygen supply and a cozy Yak tent. We both had little issues with the altitude and kept wandering around for some shots. As the moon came out, also the clouds disappeared, and we could spot the great Everest for a first time.
|Yak tent
|If you look like this, take some oxygen...
|Yak + Everest + Light Art Tibet
Not all the group members adapted this well to the altitude. Two girls from Malaysia suffered badly; one could not get rid of horrible headaches, the other had to vomit overnight. Also I did not feel too well the day after, as we climbed even higher, towards the real base camp. On 5250 meters I encountered a pulsating pain in the back of my head, it did not get any better for the rest of the day. Only a ginger tea in the lower Tingri helped. The tea helped this much that Fred and I spontaneously decided to climb a nearby mountain for some sunset shots. While climbing from 4500 meters to 4900 meters, we realized what the thin air meant under sportive exertion. First you don't even realize the difference, but once your heart rate is on running mode, your lungs have difficulties to keep up with the pace. Also simple things like having a sip of water from your bottle will lead to a shortage of air right after. Still, we reached the mountain top and took some good shots. Equipped with plentiful prayer flags and a stone pile used for sky burials, the setting was perfect for some intense moments.
|You know the song from the 'Becks Experience' commercials?
|Ashes to ashes, dust to dust
Further bumpy hours in our hyper reliable Toyotas (I am not sponsored, its just a fact) brought us to the Nepali boarder in Kodari. The day we left Tibet, we encountered one of the most strict exit controls I have ever seen. As mentioned on several internet pages, my Lonely Planet guide for Tibet was indeed confiscated. The over motivated Chinese official took my entire backpack apart, happily removed the guide book, stuffed all in the bag again, smiled at me and mentioned that I look alike with Gerard Pique. I smiled back and told him the book was a special present for him (As I was leaving Tibet, I did not really need it anymore and was not too upset about the situation).
Leaving Tibet means leaving China - according to the situation as of today. However, I did feel like leaving China already when I boarded the Qinghai Express in Chengdu. The provinces of Sichuan and Tibet are immensely different, be it for its culture, its geography or its people. The Chinese conquered Tibet in 1950 and are investing in the province intensely ever since. They did build a train and an international airport, paved hundreds of kilometers of roads and support local families and farmers with money. They also built many schools for the local children. This may sound very positive, nevertheless, it has its downsides too; the schools teach only in Mandarin (no Tibetan language), the roads lead to the spots which are now exploited by Chinese enterprises, lots of the local culture are getting lost between the intense police and military presence. The Tibetans are not even allowed anymore to hoist their original flag or to have a picture of the Dalai Lama in their houses. Controls and spot checks in homes can lead to 2-3 years in jail, should they find any picture of flag. A real punch in the face of any Tibetan is the huge Chinese flag on top of the Potala Palace... All these measurements lead to the fact that some young Tibetans don't even know anymore who his holiness the Dalai Lama is.
As we traveled through Tibet, I had the chance to talk to many Tibetans, Chines and tourists. The Tibet question definitely remains unanswered and is not that easy to close. A 'free Tibet' with an individual nation would probably lead to chain reactions in entire China. There are minorities of Uighurs and Muslims in many corner of China - all of them would raise their voices should Tibet be freed. What might be a good solution is the one which is asked for by the current, 14. Dalai Lama (living in exile in India, not even allowed to be buried in Tibet). He is asking for a free Tibet in a cultural sense, that Tibetans would be allowed to climb mountains when ever they want, that they could live out their cultural habits as they did in the past, and that they would be granted a passport just as a normal Chinese citizen. Then, he and also all the Tibetans I spoke to, would not even mind the fact of belonging to China. To all the demonstrators with 'free Tibet' flags I must reply: go and visit this beautiful place, talk to the people and learn. The situation is not as easy as you think. Also a glimpse in history books reveals that even in the past, the situation was never really clear. Also Great Britain and the CIA played some unexpected roles...
Enough about this political situation. We are now in Pokhara, Nepal. Tomorrow we embark for a 8 days trekking to the Annapurna Base Camp and back. We hope that the current weather situation will not destroy our plans...
Until then, try to stand as still and motionless as this Chinese solider - vis a vis the Potala in Lhasa.
|'Oh, that tall guy, I would love to get a picture of him - but I cannot. Might he know Yao Ming?'


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On the early summer morning of July 28, 2012, Megan Rice, Greg Boertje-Obed and Michael Walli, the Oak Ridge Three, hiked down a wooded ridge to the Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. At the complex the hikers cut their way through three fences using bolt cutters, stealthily moved past guard dogs and then made their way past a sign noting that trespassers could be met with deadly force.
Inside the compound they made their way to a facility charged with processing much of the nation's weapons grade uranium (enough to manufacture 10,000 nuclear bombs) and then splashed human blood on the building. The three spent over two hours within the compound, painting biblical slogans of peace around the facility. No one had any clue; it would be hours until the Oak Ridge Three were in custody.
Rice, an 84-year-old nun, and fellow peace activists Boertje-Obed and Walli have all been sentenced to prison for their actions. This case has garnered a lot of attention. The United States congress has held special hearings over the protest because it raised a number of questions about how the United States government manages nuclear weapons and high-grade materials. Furthermore, the activists illuminated how poorly private security corporations protect high-grade sites such as nuclear power plants.
The protest has also given rise to a strong showing of solidarity among fellow peace activists, the no nukes movement and other sympathetic supporters. The three have received thousands of letters of support from around the world – including the Union of Concerned Scientists.
On February 18th, Rice was sentenced to 35 months behind bars. Her comrades, Greg Boertje-Obed and Walli both received a sentence of 62 months.
Knoxville, Tennessee criminal defense attorney Chris Irwin represented the activist Michael Walli in the courtroom. Chris is a well-known criminal defense lawyer in the city – he is also a well-known, respected vocal political activist, community organizer and anarchist. When not in the courtroom, Chris can usually be found in the Appalachian coalfields – advocating the region move beyond coal. He has been taking the Tennessee Valley Authority and coal companies to task throughout the region for decades.
Read more via Center for a Stateless Society » The Oak Ridge Three.


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Earlier this week my Mom gave me a copy of my high school newspaper and my name was featured in it. The article featured our high school tennis team and it was so nastalgic reading it.
Those high school days were filled with great friendships, fun memories, and lots of long practices.
Our coach was an incredible motivator and I learned so much from him about leadership, motivation, and perseverance.
One day during my junior year my coach let me run the practice, which was a major thrill for me. From that day onward I knew my journey in life would be to help people improve their health and quality of life.
As I look back on that day leaving the tennis court I knew my life would never be the same.
I made it my mission in life to help people and it feels so great to touch people's lives every single day!
One of the ways that I help people is with my videos. Here is a new training video that I just fimed on core strength. Please give it a watch and share it with at least one person who could benefit from this video!
My goal is to help as many people as I can and with your help I am confident it will happen!
Have a great week and see you next week!


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#rental car prices
The timing isn't the best for a top-end sedan.
The Taurus was once America's favorite family car, the top-selling model of the 1990s that popularized the aerodynamic look. Then a radical redesign failed to catch on, consigning it to an ignominious dotage as a rental car fleet mainstay. Now, Ford Motor is betting that this faded star can make a comeback, this time in China as a top-of-the-line sedan aimed at businessmen with a weakness for legroom and power-reclining massage seats.
That won't be easy. With a starting price of 248,800 yuan ($39,000) that tops out at 348,800 yuan for the most expensive trim line, the Taurus is crossing into luxury sedan territory dominated by BMW's 3 Series, Audi's A4L, and Mercedes-Benz's C-Class. It's also almost double the price of Great Wall Motor's H6, the best-selling SUV in China. The country's buyers have been ditching traditional sedans for roomier utility vehicles and minivans, sometimes called MPVs (for multipurpose vehicles).
The Chinese market has slowed sharply since April, when Ford introduced the car there. Since then, a stock market rout and a weakening economy have sapped car demand, which was also hit by stricter vehicle registration curbs imposed by cities trying to stem worsening traffic and air pollution.
Things got so bad that the government in October cut a 10 percent vehicle purchase tax by half to encourage sales—but the incentive won't apply to the Taurus because its 2.7-liter engine is too large to qualify. "The segment where it will play doesn't grow anymore," says Jochen Siebert, Shanghai-based managing director at JSC Automotive Consulting. "But Ford should be able to win some market share, provided they get the price right."
To help position the Taurus as a high-end business sedan worthy of its luxury-level sticker price, Ford has signed up actor Chen Daoming to endorse the model. He's well-known for playing emperors in Chinese period dramas, including a popular 2001 epic on the reign of the 17th century Qing dynasty monarch Kangxi.
Whether that will help lend the Taurus an imperial touch remains to be seen. Yang Song, a sales executive who owns a Jaguar XJ sedan and Jeep Grand Cherokee SUV, says he may consider buying a Taurus because it's "good value for money," though he thinks it lacks aspects found in BMWs, which he says have "firmer doors." (Local drivers like a satisfying thud.) "It looks good for people using it in business," says Yang, 50, while checking out the Taurus at the Guangzhou auto show in November. "I like that it's spacious and exudes gravitas."
The original 1986 Taurus was a hit with American buyers, its design standing out from the boxy shapes that were standard for family cars. By 1992 it had displaced Honda Motor's Accord as the top-selling car in the U.S. reaching a sales peak of 409,751 vehicles that year. A radical restyling in 1995 and a price increase caused sales to slump, and Taurus ceded the No. 1 title in 1997. Its fading consumer appeal left it relegated to purchases by rental companies before being shelved in 2006. Although it was resurrected in the U.S. in 2009, the model has never again approached the popularity of its '90s heyday.
Besides being on the wrong side of China's SUV mania, analysts say, the Taurus is unlikely to become one of the mainland's biggest models because of its price. Ford's car costs more than twice the average sticker price for the 10 top-selling cars in the country, about 100,000 yuan, according to data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers. The best-selling model, Volkswagen's Lavida, starts at 109,900 yuan. Ford's Focus compact, starting at 99,800 yuan, was seventh in sedan sales in China in the first 10 months of the year, with 207,200 units, down 37 percent from a year earlier.
While Ford's SUV models are doing well in China, the sedan sales slump there has dragged down Ford's retail deliveries by 0.4 percent this year through October, after expanding 19 percent for all of last year. The automaker recorded four consecutive monthly declines from June to September before snapping the streak in October after the government halved the 10 percent purchase levy. Still, Ford is betting that the car, made by its joint venture with Chongqing Changan Automobile, can draw buyers, in part because of creature comforts such as more legroom and an electric massage function for back seats—where affluent, chauffeur-driven Chinese typically ride. "The Ford Taurus will give the business elite a prestigious user experience," Chen Xu, deputy general manager of Changan Ford Sales, said in a release marking the start of the model's sales in November. "We believe the Ford Taurus will have an extremely good market performance."
Even if the timing isn't the best to launch a top-end sedan, Ford needs to offer a vehicle like the Taurus if it wants to be a serious competitor in China, says Yale Zhang, a managing director at researcher Autoforesight Shanghai. "Ford needs to fill in every segment to compete in," he says. "They didn't have something in the big sedan segment until this."
The bottom line: Ford is introducing the Taurus in China at a sticker price as high as $54,500, just as buyers are eschewing sedans in favor of SUVs.


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Campbell has been having slight "tummy trouble" for some time now. Karson was NOT a spitty baby, so when Campbell arrived and started the splendid practice of spitting up most of her bottles...well, let's just say we were less than pleased. At first we thought it was just acid reflux. Dr. Boyd prescribed some medicine, she slept at an incline, we changed formulas, and endured THE SPIT. It seems things have progressively gotten worse. For the happy baby she is, feeding time is miserable. She cries through most of it and groans through the rest. It breaks my heart and makes me feel like I'm poisoning her.
Today I picked up yet another new formula to try. This is our last resort. If this one doesn't work, we have requested that she have an Upper GI scan performed to see if anything more is wrong. We've had one bottle of it already...it didn't go so well. She fussed like usual, and then proceeded to spit most of it up and choke in the process. Fun times. I called my sister (Tracey - the best nurse EVER), and she said to give it one more try. If she reacts this way again, we can offically say we've tried it and IT DOESN'T WORK.
Pray for our sweet baby girl and her tummy.
Update: She's trying to keep us confused! She has fussed off and on all day with the new formula. I don't think we're going to stick with it. We have the Upper GI scheduled for June 13th.


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LeoPicture 4.1
LeoPicture provides a convenient instrumentation for manipulating images to broad specter of customers from digital photography amateurs to web designers and scientists.
General Features:Open and save image files in *.bmp;*.jpg;*.tif;*.gif;*.png;*.emf;*.exf;*.wmf formats.
Enhance, correct colors, zoom, deform and paint in image.
Analyze color of selected area to use as colorimeter and quality control of product color.
Provide education tool for understanding of color presentation in RGB and HBS systems presenting distribution of these characteristics in selected area(s).
Select and modify part of image.
Copy/paste image or selected area(s).
Print and print preview images.
Intuitive, colorful, rich and transparent user interface
All intermediate variants of picture are displayed at once in array of thumbnails and any of them can be called to active field by one click.
Flexible and multivariate options for selection of area(s) in picture including automatic take of area around clicked point.
Image enhancement.
Change brightness, contrast, saturation, sharpness, scale up and filter noise of the whole image or selected area(s).
Fill area with transparent color, change color, add and extract color.
Replace one color with other.
Fill area with gradient colors in any selected direction or radiantly with slope or wave effects with selected transparency of initial image.
Put text label with selected color and font size and face on image.
Fix red eye.
Heal corrupted elements with graduate filling on the base of area borders.
Heal old documents (lines and text).
Zoom, change size, rotate, mirror and deform image.
Switch on a lens cursor for close observation of part of area without zooming whole picture.
leopicture.zip file was thoroughly tested by our system on May 19, 2014 by the three antivirus programs and passed. Is absolutely clean, enjoy!
This archive is 100% safe to download and install.
Have a look at the full LeoPicture 4.1 antivirus scan reports.
Online shop for buying.
(1.59MB, Extension: ZIP)
Download alternate to LeoPicture solution
Look at the free or trial alternatives and similar apps to LeoPicture software by the tags. It's possible also to find substitutes for the most popular titles in the Graphics & Design category.
| Image Paint | Image Enchantment | Digital Photo | Digital Image | Colorimeter |
History updates (Complete changelogs since the listing on this site)
4.1 [07-05-18]
Other versions : 3.5 3.2 2.3 1.6
v3.5 [01-26-11]
v3.2 [03-26-08]
v2.3 [02-17-08]
v1.6 [02-19-07]
Useful independent reviews and opinions of the users
Predicted future versions and notices:
The doDownload.com constantly monitors the update of all programs, including information from the LeoPicture 4.1 changelog file, however sometimes it can happen that data are not complete or are outdated.We assume that author continue's to develop 4.2 version with further advanced features, and soon you will be informed. Equally important 5.0 upgrades of the program we will continue to monitor. Full LeoPicture description has been compared with the overall software database and our algorithm has found the following applications (are showed below).


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Plant and Machinery Allowances (PMA): introduction: professional fees and preliminaries
Professional fees, such as survey fees, architects' fees, quantity surveyors' fees, structural engineers' fees, service engineers' fees or legal costs, only qualify for PMA as expenditure on the provision of plant or machinery if they relate directly to the acquisition, transport and installation of the plant or machinery and as such are part of the expenditure incurred on the provision of the plant or machinery.
The same rule of law applies to preliminaries. Preliminaries are indirect costs incurred over the duration of a project on items such as site management, insurance, general purpose labour, temporary accommodation and security.
Where preliminaries and professional fees are paid in connection with a building project that includes the provision of plant or machinery, only the part, if any, which relates to services that can properly be regarded as on the provision of plant or machinery can be qualifying expenditure for PMA.
Establishing the part which relates to such services needs to be determined on a case by case basis. There is no one correct answer for all cases. For some cases it may be necessary to carry out a detailed analysis of the individual costs to determine whether, or the extent to which each should properly be apportioned to particular plant or machinery expenditure. In other cases, it may only be possible to apportion the costs between items which do, or do not, qualify for PMA. (This is sometimes called "the pro rata approach").
In the recent Upper Tier Tax Tribunal decision: JD Wetherspoon v. HMRC Commissioners [2012] UKUT 42(TCC), this was said at paragraph 92:
Preliminaries are, by their nature, items of overhead expenditure which cannot be, or which have not been, attributed to any single item in the building project. Some, like insurance, are inherently incapable of being so attributed. Others, like scaffolding, may be capable of specific attribution, but the time and cost involved in the process of specific attribution is often disproportionate to the amount at stake. Thus, apportionment of preliminaries between items which do, or do not, qualify for capital allowances is the only solution in relation to un-attributable preliminaries, and may be the sensible solution where attribution is uneconomic.
For most small construction projects ((This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000) ) the use of the pro rata approach will generally be acceptable (unless it is clear that an apportionment approach would be demonstrably inappropriate without opening any enquiry). So, for such smaller claims, enquiries should not be opened simply because a business has made a pro rate apportionment of professional fees and preliminaries. Indeed, even if other aspects of any wider capital allowance claim are subject to an enquiry, a challenge to a pro rata approach to professional fees and preliminaries should not be made solely because the business has used a pro rata methodology.
It may be that the amount of the professional fees or, perhaps more particularly, preliminaries, looks unusually high ((This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000) ). However, the advice of the Valuation Office (see CA12300) must be sought in any such case where the initial fact finding seems to suggest that particular costs are unusually high because the costs may have been incorrectly classified as either relevant professional fees or preliminaries.
In larger construction projects ((This content has been withheld because of exemptions in the Freedom of Information Act 2000) ) there will often be other capital allowances aspects that need to be enquired into and it may be that one aspect of a wider review of the capital allowance claim will be the treatment of professional fees and preliminaries. If a business has decided to pro rata such costs then the advice of the Valuation Office must be sought before challenging the treatment adopted by the business.
If, unusually, in relation to any larger construction project, it is considered that the only cause of concern is that the costs have been apportioned on a pro rata basis, the advice of the Valuation Office must be sought before opening any enquiry.
Some businesses may approach HMRC seeking an agreement that they will use a pro rata approach in all their projects. In order to be considered, all such proposals must, of course, be fully supported with a detailed explanation of the underlying facts and circumstances. If a reasoned case has been made for the use of a pro rata methodology, then the advice of the Valuation Office must be sought, in the first instance. If the Valuation Office accepts the pro rata basis for all of a business's projects for a particular year, no agreement should, however, be given that binds HMRC to the same approach for future years. For the future it must be made clear that HMRC will take a risk based approach to deciding whether the apportionment methodology remains appropriate.


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So, the government shutdown is over and the world can get back to running as normal. Or, can get back to running as normal as it can considering we're governed by the me and women we are. Nonetheless, the sky isn't falling and the late Senator Lautenberg's wife gets the customary payout widows tend to receive. I guess that's all a good thing, except for the fact that Republicans have managed to screw up their messaging more than their governance during the profligate Bush years.
Both sides in this are guilty in this whole debacle. Before going into exactly how they are guilty, I think it is important to discuss the two sides I am talking about here, neither of which is the Democratic Party. It's a given they wish to govern with a greater role for the central state and all that comes with that – wealth redistribution policies, higher tax burdens on the "wealthy" and more social assistance for those in "poverty." Generally speaking anyways, they are pretty consistent. No, the problem is in the Republican Party itself from two sides that individually are quite craptastic. Together, we could be amazing, but that bridge refuses to be built. Instead of meeting in our own Promontory, Republicans on each side are demanding that the effort be made at the expense of the other. For all the talk of game theory involved in this debacle, we seem to have poor players.
So, that said, who are those players? Well, if you live here in Georgia like I do, it's probably just convenient to label them "establishment" and "liberty," regardless of how ridiculous those names are to begin with. Names aside, the context in which both operate are pretty consistent. "Establishment" = demande we play the politics game with all players involved, negotiate and compromise, assume the public notices the big things and not the details. "Liberty" = play the drum loudly, decry compromisers, appeal to emotion and assume the public gets it. To a degree, both sides have the answers. Problem is, they want to have all the answers. That's just not possible, as demonstrated by the ridiculousness of this Obamacare fight.
First, I think it's a bit ridiculous that Mitch McConnell negotiated a partial rollback of the sequester cuts that took place. $19 billion is a drop in the bucket to be sure, but the fact that the cuts did not in any fashion lead to the end of the world – at least no more than the shutdown did – proved that the hard fought compromise they represented was worth retaining in the form they were developed. It's hard to explain to the conservative, anti-government base that you're working on their side if something that small is unimportant to you. Small things matter. If nothing else, the rise of folks like Cruz should signal that. After all, he took quite small differences with a very conservative Lt. Governor Dewhurst all the way to a U.S. Senate seat. You're not going to gut Obamacare right now, Mitch. At least stand for the small victory that you're able to have up to this point. Oh yeah, don't allow a $3 billion pork project either. That's kinda crappy.
Second, I think it's a bit ridiculous that Ted Cruz feels the need to filibuster – wait, not filibuster – against a bill to defund Obamacare that he supports by comparing those that don't want to defund Obamacare to Neville Chamberlin. Yes, he filibustered a bill that he supported because the Democrats in the Senate would change it. I think the hard cores "get it" Senator Cruz, but Republicans who aren't activists probably don't. Not because they're stupid, but because they see the obvious political theatre you're engaging in. Theatre isn't reality, which explains why college students who major in it are working at Starbucks. When Republicans are in the House and Senate trying to find solutions to a troubling situation, you stage a talk-a-thon devoid of any intellectual consistency. After all, voting for the bill that you just filibustered that you initially supported is wildly inconsistent.
The truth is that this is all just a microcosm of the schism we see here on the ground. It's just rather sickening, honestly. I canno do anything but shake my head in disgust when I see someone point to the compromise and say "I wish our Senators could be more like Ted Cruz…" Here's a tip, principles are meaningless if you're the only one that believes in them. Then again, I don't know that I can feel good about party elders bashing the "libertarians" in the party and ostracizing them in the process when the antics of McConnell are the result. Really, it just make me feel like being a Republican ain't worth it anymore. It's like the AVP poster says – "Whoever wins, we lose…" So, hooray!..we just let the Democrats retain their ability to govern horribly…


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Hi all,
Would appreciate any help anyone can give me on this.
Followed the upgrade instructions to the letter, but after visiting the install page after the upgrade, getting the following error and can't complete the installation as a result.
SyntaxError: Unexpected token < in JSON at position 0 OK
Fatal error: Class 'mysqli' not found in /home/homefla1/public_html/system/library/db/mysqli.php on line 7
Have I missed something....familiar with using Filezilla but editting php not my forte.
Reverse backup. Post a request in the Commercial Support section of the forum to get your store upgraded professionally.
The most generated errors being found on Opencart forum originates from contributed programming. The increased post counters are caused by redundancies of the same solutions that were already provided prior.
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"Does it hang on a pole"
NCAA Logo 3x5 Flag
ITEM#: 25395668Show everyone that you are a die-hard fan by hanging up this 3-foot x 5-foot Collegiate flag from B.S.I Products. This officially licensed flag is made of durable, 100% polyester and is designed with 2 heavy-duty metal grommets so it is easy to hang. This high-quality flag is decorated in the team colors and proudly displays the official team graphics in the center.
- Team: Alabama Crimson Tide, Arkansas State Red Wolves, Central Florida Knights, Wyoming Cowboys, BYU Cougars, North Carolina Tar Heels, Marshall Thundering Herd, North Carolina State Wolfpack, West Virginia Mountaineers, Washington Huskies, Wisconsin Badgers, Arizona Wildcats, Kansas State Wildcats, Kansas Jayhawks, Oregon State Beavers, Perdue Boilermakers, Memphis Tigers, Wake Forest Demon Deacons, Houston Cougars, Cincinnati Bearcats, Iowa State Cyclones, South Carolina Gamecocks, TCU Horned Frogs, Kentucky Wildcats, Georgia Bulldogs, Louisville Cardinals, Pittsburgh Panthers, Penn State Nittany Lions, Virginia Tech Hokies, Clemson Tigers, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, Missouri Tigers, Florida State Seminoles, Michigan Wolverines, Ole Miss Rebels, Maryland Terrapins, Mississippi State Bulldogs, Utah Utes, Oregon Ducks, Wichita State Shockers, Michigan State Spartans, Georgia Southern Eagles, Notre Dame Fighting Irish, Boise State Broncos, Iowa Hawkeyes, Southern Miss Golden Eagles, Miami Hurricanes, Baylor Bears
|College Themed
|Alabama Crimson Tide, Arizona Wildcats, Arkansas State Red Wolves, BYU Cougars, Baylor Bears, Boise State Broncos, Central Florida Knights, Cincinnati Bearcats, Clemson Tigers, Florida State Seminoles, Georgia Bulldogs, Georgia Southern Eagles, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, Houston Cougars, Iowa Hawkeyes, Iowa State Cyclones, Kansas Jayhawks, Kansas State Wildcats, Kentucky Wildcats, Louisville Cardinals, Marshall Thundering Herd, Maryland Terrapins, Memphis Tigers, Miami Hurricanes, Michigan State Spartans, Michigan Wolverines, Mississippi State Bulldogs, Missouri Tigers, North Carolina State Wolfpack, North Carolina Tar Heels, Notre Dame Fighting Irish, Ole Miss Rebels, Oregon Ducks, Oregon State Beavers, Penn State Nittany Lions, Perdue Boilermakers, Pittsburgh Panthers, South Carolina Gamecocks, Southern Miss Golden Eagles, TCU Horned Frogs, Utah Utes, Virginia Tech Hokies, Wake Forest Demon Deacons, Washington Huskies, West Virginia Mountaineers, Wichita State Shockers, Wisconsin Badgers, Wyoming Cowboys
|3' x 5' x .1"
|Model Number
|Country of Origin
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Kathon FP1.5 Performance Charts
Kathon FP 1.5 is the number one Jet Fuel biocide widely approved for use in Military and Civil aviation fuels. The unique combination of benefits offered by kathon FP 1.5 has established this as the leading microbiocide for fuel preservation.
|Fuel haziness often occurs from the production of biosurfactants by organisms causing an increase in the solubility of water in the fuel. Kathon FP 1.5 is not surface active which means it will encourage rather than inhibit water seperation as well as inhibiting microbial growth.
|It is permitted for use at 100ppm by many aircraft and aircraft engine makers in curative and casual treatment. Kathon FP 1.5 causes immediate inhibition of growth on coming into contact with a microrganism. Growth inhibition rapidly becomes irreversible and results in cell death. This ensures rapid eradication of contamination in 8 to 12 hours.
Kathon FP 1.5 is a broad spectrum biocide that is effective against all commonly occurring aviation fuel contaminants (bacteria, fungi and yeasts). Fuel treated with Kathon FP 1.5 will remain protected from contamination over long periods of time. It will also resist contamination if re-innoculated from another source. Studies over an 8 week period show that no competitive product evaluated could match this performance.
KATHON FP 1.5 is a trademark of the Rohm & Haas company
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Study on Flavors Market by Infinium Global Research is comprehensive presentation of qualitative and quantitative research to identify key trends, growth prospects, drivers, restraints and opportunities in the Global market. The report also deep dives into the sub-segments of Flavors Market by type (natural and household), end user (savory, snacks, beverages, bakery, confectionery, animal, pet food, dairy, frozen products) through main geographies in the Global Market such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and RoW. Browse through over 100 tables and figures to get complete view of the global and regional markets of Flavors over the period of 2017 to 2023. This report also provides the existing competitive scenario of some of the key players of the Global Flavors Market which includes company profiling of Firmenich SA, Sensient Technologies Corporation, Huabao International, Takasago International Corporation, Robertet SA, Symrise AG, Givaudan SA, International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., Wild Flavors, Inc., and Frutarom Industries Ltd. According to report the global flavors market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.2% over the forecast period of 2017 – 2023.
Get Sample Copy of this Report @ https://www.infiniumglobalresearch.com/reports/sample_request/905
Segments Covered in this Premium Report
The report on global flavors market covers segments such as type and end user. The type segments include natural and household. On the basis of end user the global flavors market is categorized into savory & snacks, beverages, bakery & confectionery, animal & pet food and dairy & frozen products.
Geographic Coverage
The report provides regional analysis covering geographies such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World. In this section the key trends and market size for each geography is provided over the period of 2015 – 2023.
The countries covered in the North America region include the U.S., Canada, and Mexico; while Asia-Pacific includes China, Japan, India, South Korea, Malaysia, and among others. The European region covers countries such as, Germany UK, France, Spain, and Rest of Europe. The U.S. drives the growth in the North America region as it is the largest market in the region. The Asia-pacific region offers a substantial potential for the market growth owing to rapid growth in markets such as India and China. The APAC region is projected to experience a growth at a CAGR of x.x% over the period of 2017 – 2023.


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Protection for the Open Road
Whether you ride a street bike, cruiser, touring bike, or even a custom chopper, your motorcycle is synonymous with two things: freedom and adventure. You enjoy the freedom and excitement of the open road and long for the adventure it brings. But with adventure comes uncertainty, and with freedom comes responsibility. While you may not know what lies over the next hill, the right coverage can ensure that you are prepared for it all.
A Motorcycle Insurance policy from Walrath Insurance Agency is designed to be as unique as the bike and the owner it protects. Make sure you choose the protection that is right for you with a range of coverage options to secure you and your bike, such as:
- Collision Coverage
- Theft
- Vandalism
- Damage caused by Uninsured or Underinsured Motorists
- Bodily Injury Liability
- Property Damage Liability
- Medical Payments Coverage
- Guest Passenger Liability
Additional Motorcycle Coverage Options
At Walrath Insurance Agency, our service does not stop when you walk out the door. With special features like additional Roadside Assistance, Towing and Labor Costs, and Replacement coverage for custom parts and equipment, you will never be alone on the road. You can even receive multi-policy discounts and safety course rewards to help you combine and save.
Our team of professional Insurance Agents will assist you in deciding which Motorcycle Insurance plan is right for you by determining the discounts and special features you may be eligible to receive.
Prepare for whatever the open road may bring with a comprehensive Motorcycle Insurance policy from Walrath Insurance Agency.
Get Started:
Talk with an Walrath Insurance Agent. They can help identify the best combination of coverage, value, and price for you. We will also help make sure your insurance continually meets your changing needs. We can be contacted directly at 208-476-5527.


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Keystone Resort Celebrates the Holidays with Kidtopia Snow Fort, Keystone Aglow, and Chocolate Village
* Check out free holiday themed events for the entire family
* Kidtopia Snow Fort premieres December 24, 2010
* Keystone Aglow features holiday music and festive lights
Keystone, Colorado—Dec. 15, 2010— Keystone Resort is ready for the holidays. On December 24, 2010 Keystone Kidtopia's grand Snow Fort atop Dercum Mountain will be opening to the public. New this year the Snow Fort will feature cavernous rooms, lights and a kid's slide. Keystone Aglow debuts tonight with a display of holiday themed lights and music in the River Run Village free for everyone through January 9, 2011.
This evening also marks the 15th annual Chocolate Village at the Keystone Lodge & Spa showcasing Executive Pastry Chef Ned Archibald's famous chocolate fantasy land for all. This delicious all chocolate creation will feature a life-size white chocolate Christmas tree, animated chocolate gondola, train and more. The Chocolate Village is free and will be on display until January 2, 2011.
Enjoy the Rocky Mountains for the holidays with Winter Vacations On Us and receive an free night of lodging!
About Vail Resorts
Vail Resorts, Inc., through its subsidiaries, is the leading mountain resort operator in the United States. The Company's subsidiaries operate the mountain resort properties of Vail, Beaver Creek, Breckenridge and Keystone mountain resorts in Colorado, Heavenly Mountain Resort in the Lake Tahoe area of California and Nevada, and the Grand Teton Lodge Company in Jackson Hole, Wyo. The Company's subsidiary, RockResorts, a luxury resort hotel company, manages casually elegant properties across the United States and the Caribbean. Vail Resorts Development Company is the real estate planning, development and construction subsidiary of Vail Resorts, Inc. Vail Resorts is a publicly held company traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: MTN). The Vail Resorts company website is www.vailresorts.com and the consumer website is www.snow.com.
Ryan WhaleyCommunications Manager
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: (970) 496-4107
Justine SpenceCommunications Coordinator
Email: email@example.com
Phone: 970.496.4065