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March 29th will see the resumption in an Edinburgh court of an extraordinary trial with disturbing implications for freedom of expression and campaigners for Palestinian rights.I suppose we can expect more of this sort of thing the more the more people realise that there is simply no case for Israel.
Back in August 2008, five members of the Scottish Palestine Solidarity Campaign disrupted an Edinburgh performance of the Jerusalem Quartet, who are promoted and indeed contracted to act as official ambassadors of the Israeli state and specifically the Israel Defence Forces. The protesters shouted "End the siege of Gaza", "Boycott Israel", "Israel is an apartheid state", "Stand up for human rights" and similar slogans, were detained by security guards, handed over to the police and charged with a breach of the peace.
So far, so familiar, at least to political campaigners. But astonishingly, seven months later, the Procurator Fiscal, the prosecuting agency in Scotland, decided to replace the breach of the peace charge with the much more serious charge of "racially aggravated conduct." The PF now claimed that the SPSC protesters had "made comments about Jews, Israelis, and the State of Israel… evincing malice and ill will" towards the musicians because of "their membership or presumed membership of an ethnic group".
At the first stage of the trial In January, it was revealed that although the police had interviewed the performers and many of the 1000 strong audience, not one had reported or complained of any anti-semitic comments. What's more, a high quality audio recording of the entire event made by the BBC confirmed that no comments of any kind had been made about Jews. As a result the PF agreed to to strike the word "Jews" from the charge. Defence counsel requested that the term "Israelis" also be removed since the only reference to "Israelis" was when one of the protesters stated: "Daniel Barenboim is an Israeli of conscience; we support all Israelis of conscience." In this case the PF declined to amend the charge, possibly because it would then accuse the defendants of nothing more than making "comments about the State of Israel".
Dropping the word "Jews" from the charge made the PF's claim that the protesters evinced hostility to the Quartet because of "their membership or presumed membership of an ethnic group" problematic. When defence counsel made the point that "Israelis" are not an "ethnic group", the PF proposed that the words "or nationality" be added to the charge.
Ironically, in Israel itself there is no such thing as "Israeli nationality". Israeli citizens are classified into one of some 126 'nationalities', including Jewish, Tatar, Samaritan, Russian, etc. Israeli citizens who have sought to change their official nationality from "Jewish" to "Israeli" have been persistently rebuffed by the Israeli courts.
So the PF is now in the position of charging the SPSC protesters with offending a "nationality" whose existence is denied by its official representatives. That, of course, is only one of the many unintentional ironies embedded in the prosecution's muddled logic. The implication of the amended charge is that to protest against the representatives of a state is to offend or harass them because of their "membership of a nationality". The PF's charge could apply with equal justice, or lack thereof, to those who demonstrated against the visit of the Chinese president. The danger here is obvious: that the state is enabled to proscribe protest against the representatives of foreign countries.
March 26, 2010
Gagging Palestine protests
Here's Mike Marqusee on the charges facing the Edinburgh 5 over their protesting the visit of "ambassadors for Israel", the Jerusalem Quartet, about 18 months ago:
Posted by levi9909 @ 10:59 am
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5 Years After Gulf Oil Spill, BP Spokesman Tells Public Not To Worry About Tar Balls In The WaterThink Progress
April 19, 2015
Five years ago, BP's historic 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill resulted in more than 210 million barrels of oil ending up in the Gulf of Mexico. But while scientists continue to observe ongoing problems, a BP spokesman appeared on ABC's This Week on Sunday suggesting the remaining oil no longer poses a risk to humans or the aquatic ecosystem.
Alisha Renfro, the Mississippi River Delta Campaign staff scientist for the National Wildlife Federation told a This Week reporter that while you no longer see oil slicked islands today: "You see tar balls that are washing up. And what it points to is the fact that oil is still in the system and, just because we can't always see it everywhere we go, it's still out there."
After Louisiana State University confirmed a sample tar ball as a nearly exact match to the Macondo well oil released during the 2010 spill, BP Senior Vice President of U.S. Communications Geoff Morrell told This Week. "The product that you have in your hand does not pose a threat to human or aquatic life. This, if it's Macondo oil, is now five years old and likely weathered beyond the point of being harmful."
Renfro responded that while the outside of the ball is weathered, "it starts to break apart over time, and the oil compounds-particularly those that are toxic to wildlife, fish, and other organisms - it's still there."

subset: commoncrawl


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SACRAMENTO — Joining the battle over California taxes, a group of billionaires and political insiders say they will place a $10-billion tax increase on the November 2012 ballot.
The Think Long Committee, which includes Google Chairman Eric Schmidt, former governors Gray Davis and Arnold Schwarzenegger and Los Angeles philanthropist Eli Broad, says its proposal would provide $5 billion more for public schools every year and billions for public universities and local governments.
Although the group has prepared a report outlining its proposals, it has not taken the preliminary steps needed to place the ideas before voters. Members have not filed any potential initiatives with the state attorney general's office or created a campaign committee to finance such an effort. A spokesman for Think Long said those moves would come in the next couple of weeks.
The group's plan is based on a reshuffling of California's tax system. It would lower the state's personal income and sales tax rates and create a new levy of more than 5% on services that are not currently taxed, such as legal work or accounting.


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The MCA BlogConnecting with others one story at a time
Photodynamic Light Therapy as a Potential Mesothelioma Treatment
For mesothelioma patients, there is a potential new treatment option involving photodynamic therapy.
What is photodynamic therapy?
Photodynamic therapy uses a laser that produces light at a specific wavelength and a chemical called a photosensitizing agent in a three step process:
(1) patients are given a photosensitizing chemical that makes cells very sensitive to light, such as photofrin®, Levulan®, Metvixia®;
(2) their cells take it up within hours (4-72 hours, usually) and become sensitive to light; and
(3) a physician shines a special laser on the tumor nodule, the chosen wavelength of light activates the chemical in the cells, and the cells die.1
Other names for photodynamic therapy include photoradiation therapy, phototherapy, or photochemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy is abbreviated as PDT.
Advantages of PDT
PDT treatment has the following advantages:
- no reported long-term side effects,
- little or no scarring,
- less expensive than many current protocols,
- repetitive treatment still beneficial (assuming the patient does not develop an allergy), and
- usually less invasive than surgery. The laser can be inserted down an endoscope for esophageal cancer, or through a bronchoscope to view the bronchi or air passageways in the lungs.
Disadvantages of PDT
The sensitizing drug needs to be activated by light so phototherapy can only treat localized tumors that can be targeted by a light beam. Tumors with relatively few layers of cells or areas where all or most of the visible tumor has been removed (resected tumor bed) are more sensitive to PDT usually.
All cells absorb the sensitizing chemical so the skin and the eyes also become very sensitive to light. Even some indoor lights can damage the skin and eyes of people treated with the photosensitizing chemical. Third degree sunburn can develop within minutes in direct sunlight.2
Patients become sensitive to light for 5-6 weeks so they need to dress with tightly woven long sleeve shirt, long pants, broad brim hat, socks, gloves, and sunglasses to avoid getting bad sunburn. Sunscreen can not protect patients from sunlight because sunscreen only blocks ultraviolet light and the sensitizing agent (photofrin®, etc) are activated by other wavelengths not blocked by sunscreen.2
A few people develop an allergy to the sensitizing drug.
What cancers has PDT successfully treated?
Phototherapy is best suited to treat local cancer lesions. FDA has approved Photophrin® and phototherapy for treatment of cancer of the esophagus, Barrett esophagus (non cancerous lesions that may soon transform), and endobronchial cancer. Endobronchial cancer is a type of non-small cell lung cancer that grows in the lining of the airways.
In a retrospective study, esophageal cancer patients who received photodynamic therapy as a first line therapy survived longer on average (50.9 months) than those who received other options first (17.3 months).3
Cai et al reported that multiple consecutive PDT treatments of patients with stage II to stage IV bronchial lung cancer decreased the obstruction from 90% to 17% on average.4 Most patients improved significantly (partial + complete response rate was 87%).4 The patients' quality of life improved greatly.
Photodynamic therapy is being studied as a treatment for many localized cancers— cancers that have not yet spread to other parts of the body. The types of localized tumors include cancers of the bile duct, bladder, brain, cervix, mouth, pancreas, prostate, vagina, or the vulva.
How is PDT being used to treat mesothelioma?
Dr. Glatstein from University of Pennsylvania has been using PDT along with lung-sparing surgery for many years.5 Patients with mesothelioma of the epithelial type and treated with lung-sparing surgery and PDT survived longer on average (41.2 months) than those with a nonepithelial type (6.8 months).5
The National Cancer Institute has funded Dr. Glatstein's program project on the use of PDT in mesothelioma. Basically, it funds a clinical trial of 102 patients with mesothelioma and seeks answers to several basic questions on how PDT works:
- Does PDT improve overall survival of radical pneumonectomy?
- Does PDT improve the quality of life after radical pneumonectomy?
- Does PDT affect the blood vessels feeding the tumor bed? If so, how? Can it be improved?
- How does PDT kill the tumor cells? Do the dead cells increase the anti-tumor immune response?
- Does inflammation help or hinder PDT therapy?
What does this mean for the future of mesothelioma treatment?
These results will help determine the benefits and risks of combining PDT with radical pneumonectomy. Depending on the results, this research may spur additional medical centers to offer the option of combining radical pneumonectomy with PDT.
National Cancer Institute. Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer, acc.: Aug 9, 2014 (2011).
American Cancer Society. Photodynamic Therapy, acc.: Aug 8, 2014 (2013).
Lindenmann J, Matzi V, Neuboeck N et al. Individualized, multimodal palliative treatment of inoperable esophageal cancer: clinical impact of photodynamic therapy resulting in prolonged survival. Lasers Surg Med 2012;44(3):189-198.
Friedberg JS, Culligan MJ, Mick R et al. Radical pleurectomy and intraoperative photodynamic therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Thorac Surg 2012;93(5):1658-1665; discussion 1665-1657.


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Brain Trainer helps you stay mentally fit by stimulating your brain.
The human brain is the most complex structure in the known universe but so many of us take it so much for granted that we never realize a fraction of its true potential. And as we grow older, even the parts of it we do use function less efficiently than they did in our youth. Unless, that is, we exercise them. The Brain Trainer, the ingenious invention of a celebrated Japanese neuroscientist, Dr. Tyuta Kawashima (known also from Nintendo's popular Brain Age game on the Nintendo DS), is a way of staying mentally alert by stimulating the brain – specifically the frontal cortex, that part of the brian which controls creativity, memory and communication, among other things.
Activities consist of several numerical Tests, Counting Test, Focus Test and Memory Test – in which you are challenged to add/subtract/multiply as fast as you can, count as fast as you can, to add a series of numbers sequentially, and to memorize and recall as many numbers as possible. The Brain Trainer will monitor your progress by logging your score and time for each session. There is clear evidence that this type of training makes you more mentally alert and able to remember things.


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- Places To Visit
- Recreation / Outdoor
- Tourist Essentials
- Tours & Activities
- Shopping / Nightlife
- Eating
- Jammu and Kashmir, India
Srinagar is the summer capital of the Indian administered state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated in the Kashmir Valley and lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dry fruits. Etymologically Srinagar is composed of two Sanskrit words, śrī (venerable) and nagar, which means "city". One theory of the origin of the name is that a Pandava King Ashoka (not to be confused with the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka) built the city of Srinagari (Srinagar). Another theory is that Mauryan Emperor Ashoka founded the original city of Srinagar, then situated on the site of the present village of Pandrathan, 5 km to the north of the existing capital.
Srinagar is one of several places that has been called the "Venice of the East" or the "Kashmiri Venice". It is known for its lakes, which include Dal Lake – noted for its houseboats – and Nagin Lake. Srinagar has some Mughal Gardens, forming a part of those laid by the Mughal emperors across the Indian subcontinent. Those of Srinagar and its close vicinity include Chashma Shahi (the royal fountains); Pari Mahal (the palace of the fairies); Nishat Bagh (the garden of spring); Shalimar Bagh; and the Naseem Bagh. The Tulip Gardens have been recently opened to public by Sonia Gandhi. The Sher Garhi Palace houses administrative buildings from the state government. Another palace of the Maharajas, the Gulab Bhavan, has now become the Lalit Grand Palace hotel.
Srinagar has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with a climate much cooler than what is found in much of the rest of India, due to its moderately high elevation and northerly position. The valley is surrounded by Himalayas on all sides. Winters are cool, with a January daily mean of 2.5°C (36.5°F), and temperature remains below freezing at night. Moderate to heavy snowfall is expected in winters and the only road that connects Srinagar with the rest of India may get blocked a few days due to avalanche. Summers are warm with a July daily maximum of 30.1°C (86.2°F). The average annual rainfall is around 710 millimetres (28 in). Spring is the wettest season while autumn is the driest. Highest temperature: 38.3°C (100.9°F); lowest −19.9°C (−3.8°F).
Like the state of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar too has a distinctive blend of cultural heritage. Holy places in and around the city depict the historical cultural and religious diversity of the city as well as the Kashmir valley.
Places Of Worship:
There are many religious holy places in Srinagar. They include:
- Hazratbal Shrine
- Jama Masjid, Srinagar, one of the oldest mosques in Kashmir
- Hamza Makhdum on "Hari Parbhat"
- Kheer Bhawani in Ganderbal
- Hari Parbathill hosts shrine of Sharika Mata temple
- Shankaracharya Temple
- Road: The city is served by many highways, including National Highway 1A and National Highway 1D.
- Air: Srinagar Airport (IATA code SXR) has regular domesitc flights to Leh, Jammu, Chandigarh and Delhi and occasional international flights. The International flights terminal was inaugurated on 14 February 2009 with an Air India flight from Dubai.
- Rail: Srinagar is a station on the 119 km (74 mt) long Kashmir railway that started in October 2009 and connects Baramulla to Srinagar, Anantnag and Qazigund. The railway track will connect to Banihal across the Pir Panjal mountains through the newly constructed 11 km long Banihal tunnel in 2012 and finally to the Indian railway network after a few years.
- Boat: Boats are often used for transport, as the city is situated on the Jhelum River and Dal Lake.
Favorite photos
Here's the our members favorite photos of "Cities in Jammu and Kashmir". Upload your photo of Srinagar!


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2019 F-150 SuperCrew Cab 4x4, Pickup (Stock #91170)
More PhotosPhotos may be library images.
Vehicle Notes
Billy Howell Ford Lincoln has been Family Owned and Operated Since 1977. We are committed to providing you with an exceptional sales and service exper… ience. Come by and let us show you the "Billy Howell Difference". You WILL be treated like family!
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Cab Type
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SuperCrew Cab Styleside
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Exterior Color Description
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V6 Cylinder Engine
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10-Speed A/T
Rear Wheels
Vehicle Options
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New wiki site to unmask dealings of tobacco industry in Sri LankaRemember back in the day when some Tobacco Control idiots spent thousands of pounds of a Wiki that was supposed to 'expose' the tactics of the Tobacco Industry?
At the time they were roundly lampooned in the blogosphere and someone even created a counter Wiki to expose the tactics of the muppets in Tobacco Control
Well we all know Tobacco Control refuse to learn from thier mistakes. Now they've got Wiki fever again, this time in Sri Lanka:
A major new online project, TobaccoUnmasked, designed to reveal the activities and influences of the tobacco industry on public health policy, has been launched in Sri Lanka on the back of the success of TobaccoTactics – an initiative first established by the University's Tobacco Control Research Group.
Two things:
1) "Reveal the activities and influences of the Tobacco Industry". All Tobacco Tactics ever 'revealed', was that the Tobacco Industry are likely to fight legislation that infringes on the rights of smokers and industry and they like to have an opinion when Public Health spout another round of verbal diarrhoea
2) Success of Tobacco Tactics. What a larf! The only success that site had was the creation of Tobacco Contrrol Tactics and the Tobacco Tactics parody account on Twitter, much to the delight of us smokers
Head of the Tobacco Control Research Group, Professor Anna Gilmore explained: "Progress in reducing tobacco use is continuously stymied by the actions of the tobacco industry. Researching and exposing how this industry works is therefore key to enabling progress. We are delighted to have been able to support our Sri Lankan colleagues in setting up their excellent observatory."
Anna Gilmore goes international. The UK Tobacco Control industry must be running out of ideas for the pacification of domestic smokers, so now they're exporting their hideous rhetoric and bile to third world countries. Which is exactly what they are accusing the tobacco companies of doing:
Recent studies, including by the Tobacco Control Research Group at Bath, have highlighted how lower-income countries including in Asia and Africa are increasingly targeted by major tobacco companies and seen as key to future profitability.
As this stuff is sprouting from the UK, do you think us taxpayers are funding it, just like we do with our domestic tax sponging busybodies? I'm not sure if a country like Sri Lanka has the tax funding to cover this particular brand of idiocy. If they do, they're using their productivity for the wrong things.
I'm quite willing to bet though, if Anna Gilmore is over there building the foundations of their Tobacco Control Industry, it's our money she's using to do it.
And it isn't going to stop there. Plans are afoot to create even more Wikis, which they've taken to calling 'Observatories', in other third world and developing countries:
Earlier this year, a network of the world's first tobacco industry observatories was convened at the University with representatives from TobaccoUnmasked in Sri Lanka, as well as international colleagues from Thailand, Brazil, South Africa and Lebanon. The idea of establishing a series of national observatories based on the University of Bath's model came from the FCTC Secretariat in recognition of the importance of such work.
UK Tobacco Control is going global. God help us all...


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The USGS Water Science School
Learn More
Groundwater: Wells
Types of wells
Digging a well by hand is becoming outdated today (would YOU want to do it?). Modern wells are more often drilled by a truck-mounted drill rig. Still, there are many ways to put in a well -- here are some of the common methods.
Dug wells
Hacking at the ground with a pick and shovel is one way to dig a well. If the ground is soft and the water table is shallow,then dug wells can work. Historically, dug wells were excavated by hand shovel to below the water table until incoming water exceeded the digger's bailing rate . The well was lined with stones, brick, tile, or other material to prevent collapse, and was covered with a cap of wood, stone, or concrete. They cannot be dug much deeper than the water table -- just as you cannot dig a hole very deep when you are at the beach... it keeps filling up with water!
Driven wells
Driven wells are still common today. They are built by driving a small-diameter pipe into soft earth, such as sand or gravel. A screen is usually attached to the bottom of the pipe to filter out sand and other particles. Problems? They can only tap shallow water, and because the source of the water is so close to the surface, contamination from surface pollutants can occur.
Drilled wells
Most modern wells are drilled, which requires a fairly complicated and expensive drill rig. Drill rigs are often mounted on big trucks. They use rotary drill bits that chew away at the rock, percussion bits that smash the rock, or, if the ground is soft,large auger bits. Drilled wells can be drilled more than 1,000 feet deep. Often a pump is placed in the well at some depth to push the water up to the surface.
Water Levels in Wells
Groundwater users would find life easier if the water level in the aquifer that supplied their well always stayed the same. Seasonal variations in rainfall and the occasional drought affect the "height" of the underground water level. Withdrawing water from a well causes the water levels around the well to lower. The water level in a well can also be lowered if other wells near it are withdrawing water. When water levels drop below the levels of the pump intakes, then wells will begin to pump air - they will "go dry."
Information on this page is from Waller, Roger M., Ground Water and the Rural Homeowner, Pamphlet, U.S. Geological Survey, 1982


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Wednesday, July 22, 2009
UPDATE @ what's going on at ILOVEHISHMA
6 comments:
- Aïsha said...
Salamoualeikoum wR wB sister, MachaAllah mabrouk for niqab! I think about it too but it's not really the good time (in France lol). Rabbi yssehelek InchaAllah!
- July 22, 2009 at 11:48 AM
- ModestJustice said...
Asalamu Alaikum sister! Wow what a great whirlwind in your life, masha'Allah :D And about my previous question(s) if takes your time and effort than please do not bother, you have a lot going on and I really don't so I can just ask the Imam at my masjid but thank you for keeping me in mind!
May Allah swt keep you safe and sound!
- July 22, 2009 at 1:15 PM
assalamu alaikum,
welcome to niqabi world, sis. i guess it'll be differnt world, compare with hijabi, and harder esp in the west. may Allah give you stength, amiin. you go, girl!
yeah, you should take a lot research when bringing qur'an ayah or hadist up, even every word of it.everything in syariah is big thing and it's so sensitif. i'm sure you gine us the best.
and, hope you get the perfect wedding ceremony.
- July 22, 2009 at 6:35 PM
- Almallena said...
Asalaam walikum
Yeah I feel weird, because its like Im living a double life. I started wearing niqaab last month, but I dont wear it to work. So my co workers and my customers see me without niqaab but when Im not at work I wear niqaab, but still people recognize me at times and its like uggh. I want to quit my job so I can wear niqaab full time, but I need the money. I just feel really weird at times :/
- July 22, 2009 at 8:24 PM
- Coffee Catholic said...
I'm so happy for you, Pixie! I know you don't know me from Eve but I give you my full, 100% support in wearing the niqab! I'd wear it too, if I didn't fear for my physical safety. Or having my kids taken away for me being a "fanatic" and an "extremist."
How wonderful that your husband supports you! My husband supports me with my hijab scarf as well ~ which is a huge thing as he wasn't one bit religious when we met.
I was wearing a hijab yesterday and husband said, "You look Muslim." I said, with a mischevious grin,: "I don't care." And my husband said, "I know that you don't care. And I don't care either."
It's soooo wonderful when you have your husband's support!
Oh ~ thanks to you Muslim ladies, I had the bravery to wear hijab when the press came to our farm to do a story about a colony of honey bees that have moved into our chimney. I wore a bright pink tye-die hijab just in case they took a photo for the paper.
I wouldn't have had the guts to do that a few months ago!!
- July 23, 2009 at 12:41 AM
- Stacy aka Fahiima said...
Sounds like you have a lot going on! I can't wait to see your interview about nibab and the illustrated jilbab guide sounds awesome too.
- July 23, 2009 at 7:37 PM


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We all wish that a successful web business was only a few clicks away, but building a successful site or blog is something that takes a lot more than just some clicking. You need to write and market and traffic and share and do a wide variety of things that you've never even heard of. To put it in a better perspective, check out the SEO tips in this article.
If your website provides a local service, it is important to use the name of the area that you serve as one of your keywords. For instance, use "our Minneapolis pizza" instead of simply "our pizza." This will make it easier for people who live within your particular market to find your site.
Put a sitemap on your webpage. A sitemap is a page that easily links to all available pages on your site, and more importantly how to find them. This feature makes it easier for the search engine spiders to navigate your site. The fewer clicks it takes to find or get to a specific page the better.
While trying to optimize search engine results do not use frames. Frames can ruin a website's encounter with search engines. Search engines do not recognize frames as websites. If your website applies and uses frames, search engines will only index the home page and there is no guarantee the search engine will even do that!
To make sure users can find your old content through search engines, you should link to it in recent posts. When a search engine sees a page being linked back to, the page will be considered more relevant. It is important to use keywords when linking back to your original post.
Copyright your website! Let others know that the content on your site is truly your own. Search engines take this into consideration for their rating levels, and it also adds rapport for your customers. It lets you establish that you are trustworthy, and that your content is unique and fresh.
Let viral marketing do some of the dirty work for you. Allowing your readers to post reviews and comments is an easy way of bringing your search engine rating higher. Search engines have favorable views of sites that allow commenting and reviewing, so using this method can easily bump you up a few points.
If you are looking to get more traffic to your site, a great way to do so is to list your site on a pay per click program like Google AdWords. With programs like this, your site gets advertised at the top of searches for a small price per visitor.
Make your keywords longer to gain a more targeted audience. While a shorter keyword will attract more readers overall, gaining a targeted audience can be a challenge. Using a longer keyword allows only those that search for your specifics to find you, giving you a better chance of marketing to a more targeted and direct audience.
A good rule of thumb to follow when dealing with search engine optimization is to use your keywords and keyword phrases in your URLs whenever possible. Most search engines highly value the use of keywords in the URL, so rather than using arbitrary numbers, opt for replacing them with keywords.
Did you honestly know half of the stuff you just read here? It's a little hard to accurately quantify the many Utah SEO tips out there, so you will have to read plenty of articles besides this one if you want to have a great site. But this is a great point from which to get started on optimizing your site for the search engines.


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Yesterday I posted a pic of my owl warmer and told ya that I have an owl obsession well I do...and it all started when I bought this owl from Anthropology that sits on my kitchen counter.
This owl had me at "hello" and started my owl craze!
Second obsession of mine is coffee so when I spot a coffee cup with an owl on
it...I get giddy and it must come home with me!!!
A good cup of coffee with a cute coffee cup in hand=bliss!!
Next my owl obsession carried over to note cards.....I like sending hand written cards- call me old fashioned but I think it is nice when someone sends you a handwritten card and they send it "snail mail" to you!! Whooooo (get it!!) wouldn't want to get one of these cute card!!
Third obsession....yarn which led me to this owl that I snagged at TG Max with my sister-in-law!
This little guy holds all my extra yarn!
Another owl on top of my dining room hutch! I picked this one up at a flea market-it was one of those moments that I couldn't stop thinking about the owl so I had to get it!!!
Then when I took my son school supply shopping this summer I came across this notebook at Target and yep I bought! Writing down notes at work got a little happier in this guy for sure!
Lastly I recently just purchased this owl at the craft store, when I brought it home my husband was like "really Steph another owl!" I keep telling him I don't smoke or drink so if I want to buy an owl once in a while so be it-they are my guilty pleasure along with coffee, magazines, books and craft supplies!!
Tomorrow is Friday and I am pumped because I am heading to a huge craft show on Saturday, The Village Peddlar. Last year I ventured to the Country Living Fair and scored some major finds so let's see what this other one has to offer!!


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When Harry Reems died last week at the age of 65, the mainstream press contacted Ron Jeremy for his thoughts. It was Jeremy's contention that Reems who co-starred in "Deep Throat" and whose real name was Herbert Streicher, paved the way for the adult film industry to enter the mainstream.
Reems, who grew up in the New York's Bronx, "was the original," Jeremy said. "It was Reems and John Holmes. They were the biggest names at the time."
"Deep Throat" went on to make hundreds of millions of dollars after criminal investigations and the prosecution of Reems for obscenity and conspiracy brought it global attention.
Reems' obscenity conviction was overturned on appeal, but the legal battle became an important First Amendment fight for some in Hollywood.
Hollywood stars including Jack Nicholson and Warren Beatty supported Reems' defense, Jeremy said.
"It made him a pioneer."
Jeremy spoke fondly of his 1980s friendship with Reems, with memories of hanging out in Bernards, a bar off New York's Times Square that attracted both Broadway and porn actors. It was a hangout where the two men would pick up women and sometimes "go to the bathroom to do a little smoochie."
"We were on a bunch of sets side by side," Jeremy said. "We did threesomes on set a couple of time."
"We were both Jewish boys with a big mustaches," he said. "We both loved doing dialogue in movies, more than just an 'uuuuhh!'"
Reems left the adult movie business in 1987 and moved to Utah, where "somehow he found Jesus and decided to go Mormon," Jeremy said.
"He said he was glad to be far away from it," Jeremy said, referring to the porn industry.
Reems' new career was real estate, which he initially sold using his birth name, Herbert Streicher.
Eventually, though, he decided to use his famous name to sell real estate. "Maybe he wasn't selling enough," Jeremy said. "He used Harry Reems, and business was booming."
Jeremy said Reems' death was not a shock because he had known his health was deteriorating.
Reems' friends held a memorial on Saturday after a performance of a stage play that tells his infamous story — "Deep Throat Sex Scandal" — at the Zephyr Theatre in West Hollywood, California.


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This post is about a week overdue cos I actually started walking without crutches last weekend but yeah, just wanted to record down what happened in the past few weeks.
Basically I injured my left knee from playing for a frisbee comp (likely because I didn't train enough previously then suddenly went to play & run intensely for a while day), then it was getting better already but on deepavali (~2 weeks after the comp) I was bending down to sit on the floor at benny's house and my injured knee was suddenly super painful. After that I couldn't straighten or put weight on it :( I went to see a GP first, who said it looks like a meniscus tear but have to go see an ortho specialist and do MRI to see how bad it is.
My dad booked an appointment at Mt Alvernia cos it was the earliest slot, for public hospitals need to wait like a few weeks x__x so yeah the doctor referred me to go for MRI scan. The scan was v boring, half an hour of lying there doing nothing and consciously trying not to move (which doesn't really work LOL). Anyway here are some photos of my scans:
The meniscus is the black parts around the middle of each image. Each knee has one lateral (outer) and one medial (inner) meniscus, each one is c-shaped and they're basically shock absorbers. The left/top one shows my lateral meniscus, which is ok cos the 2 triangle-ish shapes are completely dark. The second one is my medial meniscus, which has faint white lines in both triangles – those are the tears :x


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'Print+' recently launched a Kickstarter campaign for a DIY kit that allows users to design their own customized headphones. While there are many headphones and earbuds available to consumers, these store-bought products cannot be personalized to fit the user's exact taste and personal preferences. This kit allows users to design a pair of headphones that fits their distinct personality.
The Print+ kit comes with a series of 3D-printed parts in a variety of colors. These parts include two speaker covers, two speaker housing units and one frame. Users can assemble the parts themselves without the use of any tools, glue or screws. The DIY nature of the project allows users to create a pair of customized headphones that suit their specific needs.
For those who are looking for a more hands-on approach to personalization, this DIY headphone kit is the perfect option.
3D-Printed Headphones
More Stats +/-
Powerful Bluetooth Headphones
Co-Branded Designer Headphones
Carbon Fiber Headphones
Sweat-Proof Headphones
High-Fashion Headphones
This Kit Allows Users to Create Customized Headphones
- By: Katherine PendrillSep 17, 2015
References: print.plus & kickstarter
References: print.plus & kickstarter


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This is not one of my regular blog posts. This one is very special. I would like you to meet an incredible little girl. . .please allow me to introduce two year old Keaton aka Kiki
Adorable isn't she? She's two years old
on February 24th of this year Keaton was diagnosed with ALL
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
this is Keaton today
Acute Lymphoblasitc Leukemia is a fast growing cancer of the while blood cells. Lymphocytes are those blood cells that protect us from infection and are produced by our bone marrow. In leukemia the lymphocytes don't form properly and suddenly the bone marrow is pumping out too many not properly formed white blood cells. The immature and malformed cells mass produce and end up crowding out the red blood cells which is a huge problem as it is our red cells that carry oxygen through our body. Keaton's own body is attacking itself. Keaton is in the fight of her life.
It was through a site on face book (https://www.facebook.com/pages/Kisses-for-Keaton/148650585296073) (we also share a mutual friend) that I first learned of Keaton. Her story conveyed by her mom brought tears to my eyes. I am in awe of Keaton's mom as her approach to this battle is so positive and yet there is that underlying current of fear. She passes on insights that are heartbreaking and heartwarming at the same time.
I want to do something for this family so I have offered to document their journey as a family through this chapter in their life through a special scrap album(s) that not only will include pictures but also excerpts from Keaton's FB page and posts from her mom.
They are having a fundraiser for Keaton
I know that most of you cannot attend but I ask, I beseech you to visit Keaton's site and leave a note of encouragement. Not everyone can afford to make a monetary donation but there are other ways to be supportive. My daughter Jessie who is currently pregnant plans on donating her cord blood for the cause and I plan on donating blood. September is Cancer Awareness in Children month. I bring this to you today in the hopes that we can all learn from this remarkable family and their amazing little girl Kiki and do something selfless in return!
I will be posting the pages to the album Kisses for Keaton as they are done so stay tuned and follow this journey with me! I am currently working on getting donations of paper, embellishments, flowers etc. . .for the album from our big paper companies (so far Graphic 45 immediately came on board!) and I hope more will step forward to help.
Gold is the color for Child Cancer Awareness month so let's see if we can light up the world this month by wearing, scrapping or doing something in Gold. Take a picture and post it on Kiki's page! Please. . .do it for Kiki.
Thank-you for taking the time to read this and I truly hope that you visit the above sites. What if it were your child?
Pam Ellis


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With a stay at Swissotel Makkah, you'll be centrally located in Mecca, within a 10-minute drive of Kaaba and Great Mosque of Mecca. This 5-star hotel is 2.8 mi (4.5 km) from Faqih Mosque and 2.8 mi (4.6 km) from Abraj Al-Bait Towers.
Make yourself at home in one of the 1487 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and LCD televisions. Wireless Internet access (surcharge) keeps you connected, and digital programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with bathtubs or showers feature complimentary toiletries and bidets. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and desks.
Make use of convenient amenities, which include complimentary wireless Internet access and tour/ticket assistance.
Enjoy Mediterranean cuisine at Ajwaa Restaurant, one of the hotel's 3 restaurants, or stay in and take advantage of the 24-hour room service. Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge. Breakfast is available daily for a fee.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a business center, express check-in, and express check-out.


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Jet Car Stunts Sputters Onto PlayStation (Review)
When I first downloaded and started Jet Car Stunts on the PS3, I was initially impressed. The game's simple graphics and sound didn't put me off, and the tutorial levels were interesting enough. Unfortunately, getting the hang of the basics is one thing; putting them into practice amidst the bizarre, frustrating physics of the game is another beast. Most of my time with this title was spent spinning wildly into space, usually because I'd either hit a jump with less-than-perfect precision or because … well, because the game decided I should be spinning wildly into space.Not pictured: the insane rate at which this car is rotating on every axis it can find before crashing into something to explode to tiny pieces.
Now, let's get something out of the way: I did enjoy at least some of the time I spent with Jet Car Stunts. There's fun to be had, and sometimes it's even amusing to see how exactly the madcap physics engine is going to obliterate your chances of success. If you're serious about trying to complete anything, though, it gets frustrating quickly. There's no rhyme or reason to how or when those rule-bends will come into play, and when you're not fighting the fact that your car wishes it could actually fly like a jet, it feels like you're driving through air that's as thick as cotton candy.
As a game that got it's start in mobile, maybe Jet Car Stunts just didn't translate especially well. I haven't tried the Android/iOS version of the game, but it seems to have some popularity to it. It's a pretty good "pick up and play" kind of game, anyway, not meant for sustained time or effort. With a tidy $1.99 price tag on the Google Play Store, I almost wonder what drove developers to increase that to $6.99 via Steam or an even-more baffling $7.99 on the PlayStation Store. Personally, I'd keep this one contained to a mobile device, and even then I'd suggest trying out the free demo before tossing any coin at it.


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Total Solar Eclipse over South Pacific – July 11th
Maximum Eclipse at 19.34 UT/GMT (11.34 PST/Local Time)
Maximum Eclipse at 19.34 UT/GMT (11.34 PST/Local Time)
Over the last week, you may have been feeling the rather intense build-up to a powerful Total Solar Eclipse that occurs over the South Pacific Ocean on July 11th, reaching maximum Eclipse at 19.34 Universal Time/GMT (11.34 PST/Local Time). The central path of the eclipse shadow begins at 18.20 UT (07.20 BET/Local Time) about 850 miles to the south of Western Samoa; then it passes within 95 miles to the south of Tahiti at 18.28 UT (08.28 AHST/Local Time), and directly over Easter Island/Rapa Nui at 20.12 UT (14.12 CST/Local Time), and ends at 20.50 UT (17.50 BZT2/Local Time), on the southern tip of South America, in Patagonia, Argentina. See below the Eclipse chart for what it all means.
The Sun and Moon are conjunct the Moon's South Node in Cancer. South Node Eclipses are always concerned with releasing the patterns of the past. The Sun is also conjunct asteroid Juno, concerned with Right Relationship. Sun, Moon and Juno are in sextile (60°) aspect with asteroid Vesta and Mars in Virgo – indicating that it is our hearts and wills that need to be in right relationship. The South Node in Cancer indicates that in order for this to be so, we need to move out of our emotional "comfort zones", and let go of any emotional attachments, which may be preventing us from coming in right, loving relationship with each other and the planet.
Sun, Moon and Juno are also in quincunx (150°) aspect with Ceres in Sagittarius, which indicates that, collectively and individually we need to move to a new level in our understanding of our relationship with the Earth. The North Node in Capricorn is challenging us to realise that it is the task of our hearts and wills to take responsibility for the planet in whatever ways we can, and not to feel that it is someone else's responsibility, or that we are powerless to do anything on our own. When our heart and will are aligned, and we act from that place, then many things become possible, and our smallest actions can have wide-ranging effects as they ripple out into the hearts, minds and wills of others. However, this will not work if we are in denial of our power, nor if we are in denial of individual responsibility for our part in having contributed to the problems that the planet faces.
Currently, the most pressing environmental concern is the on-going oil disaster in the Gulf of Mexico; whilst it is becoming clear that huge mistakes may have been made by BP, part of our individual responsibility is surely to acknowledge that, at some level we all have a responsibility here; it is our individual need to put petrol in our cars that is in part responsible for BP being there in the first place. None of us who use fossil fuels can claim to have no responsibility at all for this disaster – it is truly one of many wake-up calls from the current Jupiter-Uranus alignment which is calling us all to think and act, with an acknowledgment of the deeper and more intricate connections between ourselves and everyone on the planet.
This awareness of personal responsibility is beautifully expressed in Dr Masaru Emoto's prayer for the waters of the Gulf of Mexico:
"I send the energy of love and gratitude to the waters and all living creatures
in the Gulf of Mexico and its surroundings.
To the whales, dolphins, pelicans, fish, shellfish, planktons,
corals, algae ... to all living creatures ... I am sorry.
Please forgive me. Thank you.
I Love You."
The lesson of the Chiron – Neptune conjunction over Hawaii in February was for us to learn that global healing requires us to express our compassion towards all beings. Now that they are both retrograde, we will get to see just how deeply our willingness to heal extends, and where the limits of our compassion might lie. The Solar Eclipse can reveal to us all how our entrenched emotional patterns and attitudes limit our ability to freely express loving, compassionate forgiveness towards all beings, including ourselves.


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Keycaps will in stock at Friday, 24 July 2015, 4:00 PM (Los Angeles time)
Use this for accuracy and to dissolve all ambiguity "Blue Sale" countdown (24 July 2015 @ 4:00PM)
Rules/Guidlines for the sale :
– First come first served
– You can only Grab different keycap and up to 4 different items maximum per person/Address.
– After successful payment, you will receive a confirmation email from us. Your order will be processed within 3-7 working days. *Not included Saturdays, Sunday and holidays. We ship only on weekdays* All our packages will be sent through the Airmail under regular postage. Once the package is sent out, we will send you your package tracking number for easy tracking – If you have any questions, please read FAQ or sent request in Contact Us
– Quantity keycap will sale this time:
- Salute Scull Keycap – Cherry MX/Topre: 8 – $42 each keycap
- Deep Blue Scull Keycap – Cherry MX/Topre: 12 – $27 each keycap
– Start shipping on Monday, 27 July 2015
– Sale until sold out & no remake in future


text: Pork lovers may be interested in trying the braised pork at Shanghai Cafe (Factoria mall, Bellevue). A very large boneless piece of pork, skin-on, in a rich brown sauce. The skin does not have the traditional dark brown glaze associated with this dish (dong po pork or ti pa pork) but the sauce is flavorful and the meat is for the most part surprisingly tender. LIsted on the menu as Braised Pork Pump (perhaps a mispelling of Rump?) Their Shanghai pork dumplings are disappointing (no soup inside) and their pea vines are also too tough and stringy to eat, unfortunately.


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Jim Cramer sees one crucial element of an investor's portfolio that is often underestimated—execution. At the end of the day, it cannot be overlooked. Good leadership is what drives both the company and the stock. And, unfortunately, Cramer is seeing this element disregarded more and more each day.
"We don't have enough respect for execution. Nobody talks about it, about the sheer power of execution, of a management team fulfilling unmet needs or changing course during changing times. Yet, it's a huge part of this terrific, long-term rally," the "Mad Money" host said.
For example, there is a misperception that stocks are too expensive right now. Cramer was surprised to see various articles released by financial news outlets expressing concern on Wednesday that Costco would disappoint, citing it was too "richly valued."
Well, Costco released earnings early on Thursday morning and reported an amazing 8 percent same-store-sales growth for the quarter and a 4 percent gain in February.


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Tournament 2,
Some of you might remember back to the spring when I
had a 32 seed super-heroine/ comic characters bracket tournament. It
looked like this...
Mary Marvel was the overall champion...
made 32 brackets and about 68 images which were posted over a two month
period. As soon as I was finished it, I immediately thought of ways to
improve on it. First of all, was the selection of characters. I admit
that I used the characters that I had already made. At first, I
considered a 16 seed bracket because I didn't have a lot of superheros
drawn. I had a full slate of Gotham characters which made a nice 8 seed
bracket. I also had 4 other DC super heroines and six Marvel characters.
That meant I would have to go with 32 seeds. I had a bunch of Originals
that I used to make half a bracket (Dumb Bunny, Fabulass, Ice Queen,
True North) and topped it up with movie characters, Baby Doll from
Suckerpunch, Hitgirl from Kick Ass, and Barbarella. I added a She
Predator as a stretch to round up the group. I had Supergirl, Wonder
Woman (UK), Mary Marvel and Isis from DC comics. To fill in the
brackets, I added the Dirty Pair who are Dark Horse characters and
Taarna and Medusa as a big stretch. My Marvel group had 5 solid
characters, even though Spinderella was a bit of an OC as was Lady
Punisher. I then added Vampirella and Red Sonja who are from outside of
Marvel just to fill the brackets. All the pics can be seen in my Gallery
Folder called "Tournament"
The OCs were not very popular in the
tournament and I regretted having to stretch to fill in so many
brackets. I really wanted a full on DC vs Marvel tournament. I got to
work drawing more characters. In my new tournament, it will be 16 DC and
16 Marvel super-heroines and villains. Here is a look at the
will be keeping the Gotham bracket alive on the DC side and a lump of 8
other DC characters in the other bracket. The Gotham bracket is almost
the same but I dropped the female Joker and added Robin instead (Robin
has always been femme to me). I dropped Isis too, because she was a
short lived character from the 1970s and the name has an unfortunate
association now. I also changed up the other three a bit. Wonder Woman
will be more traditional, as will Supergirl. Mary Marvel is the
defending champ and decided to up her game for all the new heavy hitters
coming in. You'll see. The new additions will be Power Girl, Star
Sapphire, Hawk Girl, Cheetah, and Zatanna.
On the Marvel side, I
decided to keep Spinderella. I never liked Spider Woman and Mary-Jane
Watson in the spider suit looks awesome. I did dump Lady Punisher
though. I kept Black Widow, and a more traditional Valkyrie. I added She
Hulk, Ms Marvel, Scarlett Witch, Elektra and Invisible Woman. Storm and
X-23 get moved to a new exclusive X-Men Bracket. Along with those two,
the X-Men Bracket will have Rogue, Dark Phoenix, Mystique, White Queen,
Shadowcat, and Psylocke. The X-Men bracket will be similar to the Gotham
one as it will feature 4 heros vs 4 villains in the first round.
have the character sheets ready and will start posting them soon. I
still have to do the actual match up pictures which could take a while. I
hope you all enjoy my indulgence.


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Beware of expert advice - following the lead of successful gardeners in your area
Although it's a little early to begin starting plants from seeds here in Maine , many gardeners are getting a little antsy and dreaming of spring. As the sun's rays get stronger and the days begin to lengthen, early March typically offers the best opportunity for starting seeds.
Before we go on, let's talk about what the experts say, shall we? The experts from the University of Maine Extension will tell you that you shouldn't start your tomato plants until April. Perhaps this works for large greenhouses, but as a home gardener I can tell you this simply isn't so.
Tomato plants started from seed in April in the home will not be ready for transplanting to the garden when warm weather arrives. You, of course, are free to follow their advice if you wish - but I'm warning you,. You will be disappointed by the tiny seedlings when planting time arrives.
Following the lead of successful gardeners in your local area is always a good practice. They are the people who are out there everyday working in the garden and have insight into the unique gardening conditions in your area.
Tips for Seed Starting
Until next time . . . HAPPY GARDENING!
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Check out this documentary by Gregory Miller showing how Box Heroes' creator Stephen Larkworthy talks about Box Heroes coming to life and watch him turn the Atlanta Hawks' mascot "Harry – the Hawk" into a Box Hero.
Check out at this campaign from Cartoon Network Latin America, directed and produced by Artifact Design, Character Design by Stephen Larkworthy aka Cap.
Check out dancing Abe Sapien
Marching in the Atlanta CHOA Christmas Parade 2011. Box Heroes at 3:04 min
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Welcome to NT Auto Body
After years of progress and improvement NT Auto Body has become a state-of-the-art auto collision repair facility, ensuring not only the finest quality, but excellent customer service as well.It all started in 1973, with Crystal City Auto Body. Our founder, Nick Tikoyan, saw a lack of honest reputable shops in the area. Opposed to working... read more »
NT Auto Body is a family owned and operated collision center serving the Metropolitan area for over forty years. We work with all insurance companies and pride ourselves on giving a quality repair with a lifetime warranty to our customers. Being a family owned business, has helped us give personal attention to our customers no matter how big or small the repair may be. With state-of-the-art equipment, we have highly skilled technicians. We are located in the heart of Alexandria, in Northern Virginia, close to Maryland and Washington, DC.
Why Choose NT Auto Body:


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Electrical Engineering, B.S.
Without electricity, modern society's rapid advancement would halt. Computers, lights, heat, long-distance communications, and countless other innovations would never have existed. Electrical engineers, through their work, lead the way for dozens of other industries and their technological advancements.
Indiana Tech's electrical engineering program promotes critical thinking in learning theory, principles, and techniques of electrical engineering, and develop skills through project-based and open-ended lab environments. Students do not simply perform educational exercises, they work with real world examples found to be used in common applications and products.
Circuits make the world go 'round
Indiana Tech's electrical engineering program equips students with the mathematics and science foundations to aid them in learning the extremely intricate, involved science of circuits. Many academic institutions don't have the time or the academic experience to fully instruct students in analog design; Indiana Tech does. With a careful blending of basic theory, numerical verification (using MATLAB), and illustration of actual circuit behavior using circuit simulation programs, our program covers the design of analog electronic filters based on practical considerations. Students acquire concepts and techniques that are basic and essential to a good grasp of the subject of analog design using computer-aided tools.
Electrical engineering and beyond
The electrical engineering program at Indiana Tech is broad-based and focuses on career paths in a wide range of areas such as electronics, digital systems, electromagnetics, electrical machines, controls, and communications. Students also acquire skills to apply electrical design in related engineering disciplines such as automobiles and aircraft. They will also be equipped with skills that can be applied in signal processing and application software which may place them in diverse fields such as national security.
What do electrical engineers do?
Job responsibilities of electrical engineers include specification, design, development, and implementation of products or systems. This role provides challenging opportunities, ranging from problem identification and the selection of appropriate technical solutions, materials, test equipment, and procedures, to the manufacture and production of safe, economical, high-performance products and services. An electrical engineer may choose to couple the technical aspects of a position with management responsibilities. The technical expertise required for management today is increasing because of the explosion of knowledge in engineering, technology, and science.
Earning this degree
This is for students who want a traditional, on-campus college experience.
Course Curriculum


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The "Four Cs": Commodities, Currency (Money), Capital, and Corporations
First we can state briefly what these objects concretely are, so that we can then spell out exactly what they are not.
Commodity — A commodity is any product that is produced for sale on the market, i.e. for the sake of exchange. Like any other product (non-commodities included), it has a certain utility, or "use-value." Products, regardless of their salability, tend to be useful in some way or another, to satisfy a certain need. Use-values are of a qualitative nature. That is to say, they are useful because they possess certain utile qualities.
Unlike other products, however, commodities also possess a certain value, or "exchange-value." As soon as a product becomes available for exchange on the market, it is thereby converted into a commodity. Exchange-values are of a quantitative nature. That is to say, they are valuable because they possess a certain quantity of value.
(It must be noted, however, that if a commodity loses its use-value, i.e. becomes broken or useless, it simultaneously loses any exchange-value it might have had).
How is this quantity of exchange-value determined? What is the basis for the following equation: 20 yards of linen = 1 coat? In terms of their material qualities, the two are totally incommensurable. A coat may be made of linen, but a single coat does not require 20 yards of linen to produce. Nevertheless, their quantitative equality presupposes an underlying qualitative identity of substance. The question thus becomes: What exactly is this substance?
The substantial basis for the equality of two dissimilar items or use-values is the amount of labor-power expended upon them, measured in homogeneous units of time (days, hours, minutes, etc.). This alone determines the magnitude of value that a commodity possesses.
Commodities are not unique to capitalism. They preexist the crystallization of the capitalist social formation. However, in precapitalist societies, the majority of goods that are produced are not commodities. In other words, most products are intended for immediate use or consumption, either by their producer himself or his next-of-kin. Society's general mode of production is only properly called "capitalist" when the majority of its products are commodities.
One final point about the commodity-form should be made before passing on to money. This concerns the extent to which one's labor (or more specifically, one's labor-time) can itself be sold as a commodity on the market. An employer purchases a certain duration of a person's labor-time in exchange for the services rendered or products produced. In return, the employee is typically compensated by hourly wages or an annual salary.
Though wage-labor existed in the margins of precapitalist society, the reproduction of the capitalist mode of production requires that there exists a large displaced population of persons whose only commodity available for sale is their labor. Thus, under capitalism, wage-labor or salaries becomes generalized as the societal norm.
Currency/Money — Money is a certain commodity that is set aside to serve as a universal measurement of value. It is the universal equivalent of qualitatively dissimilar commodities. Money therefore serves as a quantitative medium of exchange.
In another sense, money (as such) is the circulation of commodities. That is to say, it provides the means by which the exact quantity of one commodity is traded for an exact equivalent quantity of money, which is then used to purchase a given quantity of another. Money acts as an intermediary in place of direct barter.
This operation can be illustrated by a simple formula, using these symbols:
C = Commodity.
M = Money.
One commodity is sold for its value in money, which is then used to purchase an equivalent value in another commodity. This allows for a more equitable exchange of value between commodities than took place in simple barter, which tended to involve uneven transactions.
Capital — Capital is self-valorizing value. In other words, it is value that becomes more value, or money (which is but an expression of value) that magically transforms itself into more money. The principle of capitalization is that you start the day with a certain amount of money, and by the end of the day you have more money.
As Marx put it, this process is almost "theological." In capital, value becomes at once the subject and object of its own activity, ceaselessly augmenting its own magnitude. The analogy Marx uses is the differentiation of God the Father from God the Son in the triune theology of traditional Christianity; they are both made from the same substance, and are equally old, yet one begets the other.
The ultimate expression of capital in all its forms is the following:
M → Mº.
(º = "prime." Money "prime" signifies the increment of value over and above the amount of value originally advanced. Once thrown back into the circuit of production and circulation, however, this augmented money or value obtained as a result of capitalization becomes the starting value of the new formula).
Species of Capital
1. Interest-bearing (usurers') capital — M → Mº. This is the basic formula of money lending or usury.
A certain amount of money is advanced as a loan, in return for a greater amount of money to be received later, the magnitude of which is determined by a contractually agreed-upon interest rate.
2. Commercial (merchants') capital — M → C → Mº. In its most simple form, this just involves the purchase of a commodity for a certain amount of money and its resale for a greater amount of money.
This can be accomplished in any number of ways. First, a merchant can simply find a chump who is willing to either sell a commodity for less than its value, or a chump who is willing to buy a commodity for greater than its value.
A more calculated approach might involve the purchase of a commodity in a locale where it is abundant (where it is not as highly valued), and then transport it for sale in a locale where the commodity is scarce (where it is more highly valued). The difference between the money originally paid and the money received at the end of this cycle is the surplus value.
3. Industrial capital — M → C → Mº. Formally, this circuit is identical with that of merchants' capital. The crucial difference consists in the nature of the commodity purchased. In the movement of industrial capital, the commodity bought is always the labor-time of another person.
Thus, the formula for industrial capital may perhaps be more properly described as M → C(L) → Mº.
Obviously, in this formula the following symbolism is used:
L = Labor.
The labor-time expended by the worker imparts greater value onto the articles under production, thus augmenting the original value of the commodities involved.
Two methods can be used to extract surplus-value in this process:
1. Absolute surplus-value — The capitalist extends the length of the working day, so that the worker invests an amount of labor-time into production greater than the value he receives in wages. Once the commodities produced in this process are sold in circulation on the market, the surplus-value gained thereby is "realized."
2. Relative surplus-value — The capitalist reduces the amount of time required to impart a certain amount of value into production below the average of the social aggregate. This is accomplished by either revolutionizing the social organization of the division of labor or by overhauling the technical means of production. As a result, the capitalist is able to sell the commodities produced at a level lower than the social average while still realizing the same amount of surplus-value.
Of course, once these new methods of heightened productivity are generalized throughout society, the advantage gained vanishes. This necessitates a constant revolutionization of the technologies and organization used in production, and an accelerating pace of modernization. This gives rise to what Moishe Postone has called the "treadmill effect" of capitalism.
4. Finance capital — Mx → M → C → Mº → Mºx. In this formula:
x = x/100, where x ≤ 100.
Finance capital operates by having investors contribute a percentage of the overall money used to supervalue the value originally inserted into the circuit. Typically, finance is invested into industry, where again the commodity purchased is labor. Thus, the formula in this instance would appear as Mx → M → C(L) → Mº → Mºx.
Corporation — A corporation is an association of capitalists who jointly share ownership of a single enterprise. This is achieved by making shares of the company's ownership available for purchase by the public. Historically, this is connected to the rise of the join-stock exchange in the middle of the nineteenth century. While corporations tend to be much larger and more visible than smaller private businesses, both operate according to the logic of capital.
Now that we have indicated what these terms are, we can safely say what they are not, in order to clear up some common misconceptions surrounding them.
Commodity — A commodity is not identical to any other good, article, or product. Unlike these other products, commodities are not produced for immediate use or consumption by their producer. Rather, commodities are produced in order to be sold or exchanged, either for money or for other commodities.
Furthermore, commodities are not unique to capitalist society. Obviously, there existed precapitalist systems of barter, commerce, and exchange. The point is that throughout most of history the majority of products were not intended to serve as commodities. They were for the most part produced to serve the most immediate needs of the producer, or alienated without recompense into the possession of one's feudal lord. By contrast, capitalism only comes into existence when the majority of products produced by society are commodities.
Currency/Money — The value of money is neither imaginary nor arbitrary. Money is simply the universal equivalent form of exchange, used as a measurement of the value of goods, or commodities. This is something of which the Alternative Currency working group should take note.
There are quite real and concrete historical reasons for the development of the money-form of value. Precious metals came to serve as this medium of exchange because of their practical divisibility, and because of their relative scarcity (and thus also their value, given the difficulty of their location/extraction). It is true that these metals come to be increasingly substituted by paper money representing their value, and even more abstract forms of credit, but this does nothing to diminish the validity or reality of money as an expression of value.
Capital/Capitalism — Capitalism does not necessarily entail the existence of a free market. The libertarian notion that has become fashionable in recent years is that only under the economic conditions of laissez-faire, or government non-intervention, can capitalism flourish and exist in a "pure" form. They cite Bernard Mandeville or a diluted, oversimplified version of Adam Smith as evidence of this proposition.
Some leftish moderates, accepting this facile rightist notion of what capitalism is, naïvely believe that administrative reform, government oversight, more expansive welfare/social programs, and bureaucratic regulations would help counter the volatility and rampant inequality inherent in capitalism. They believe that the perpetual crisis at the core of capitalism can be "curbed," "corrected," or even "controlled" by such Keynesian, neo-Fordist measures.
In reality, however, state-interventionist capitalism is just as capitalist as free market capitalism. The fundamental principle underlying capitalism in all its different configurations is perhaps elusively straightforward: capital itself.
Corporation — A corporation is not simply any form of capitalist big business. In fact, in terms of private property, a corporation is actually less tied to the interests of a single individual than non-corporate businesses. Because the existence of a corporation qua corporation involves an enterprise "going public," i.e. selling shares of its ownership, it actually reflects (in terms of sheer magnitude) a larger proportion of the public interest than a smaller private enterprise.
Of course, the public character of the corporate enterprise and big agribusiness (the Monsantos of the world) shouldn't fool us as to their capitalist nature. A corporation is beholden only to the interest of its shareholders, and not to the public at large. They have one obligation alone — to turn a profit for those who own a portion of their stock. And corporations have been known to be exceptionally ruthless in this pursuit.
The only point that I am trying to make by this is to note the irrevocably capitalist character of both big corporations as well as small businesses. Both operate according to the logic of capital: the supervaluation of value. In other words, big corporations and small businesses have the same goal at the end of the day. They seek to turn money into more money.
Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume 1 (1867)
Rudolf Hilferding, Finance Capital: A Study of the Latest Phase of Capitalist Development (1910)
Commodity — "first of all, an external object, a thing which through its qualities satisfies human needs of whatever kind." Karl Marx, Capital, Volume 1. Pg. 125. In this respect, the commodity is a use-value. A commodity is also something that can be exchanged, and thus possesses an exchange-value.
Later, there is a shift: "When, at the beginning of this chapter, we said in the customary manner that a commodity is both a use-value and an exchange-value, this was, strictly speaking, wrong. A commodity is a use-value or utility, and a 'value.'" Ibid., pg. 152. Marx explains that the exchange-value only appears for a commodity when it can enter into an exchange relationship with another commodity.
How useful objects become commodities: "Objects of utility become commodities only because they are the products of the labor of private individuals who work independently of each other. The sum total of the labor of all these private individuals forms the aggregate labor of society. Since the producers do not come into social contact until they exchange the products of their labor, the specific social characteristics of their private labors appear only within this exchange. In other words, the labor of the private individual manifests itself as an element of the total labor of society only through the relations which the act of exchange establishes between the products, and, through their mediation, between the producers." Ibid., pg. 165.
The price of commodities: "The price of the commodity…is merely the money-name of the quantity of social labor objectified in it." Ibid., pg. 202.
In distinction from other goods or products, a commodity is not produced for immediate use or consumption. Rather, it is produced for the purpose of exchange: "The economic categories already discussed similarly bear a historical imprint. Definite historical conditions are involved in the existence of the product as a commodity. In order to become a commodity, the product must cease to be produced as the immediate means of subsistence of the producer himself. Had we gone further, and inquired under what circumstances all, or even the majority of products take the form of commodities, we should have found that this only happens on the basis of one particular mode of production, the capitalist one. Such an investigation, however, would have been foreign to the analysis of commodities. The production and circulation of commodities can still take place even though the great mass of the objects produced are intended for the immediate requirements of their producers, and are not turned into commodities, so that the process of social production is as yet by no means dominated in its length and breadth by exchange-value. The appearance of products as commodities requires a level of development of the division of labor within society such that the separation of use-value from exchange-value, a separation which first begins with barter, has already been completed." Ibid., pg. 273.
The dual aspect of the commodity-form: Use-value vs. Exchange-value
1. use-value — "[t]he usefulness of a thing…conditioned by [its] physical properties." The use-value of a commodity "is independent of the amount of labor required to appropriate its useful qualities." Ibid., pg. 126.
Utility = "use-value."
2. exchange-value — "first appears as a quantitative relation, the proportion, in which use-values of one kind exchange for use values of another kind." Ibid., pg. 126.
A common element must unite two qualitatively different objects or commodities so that they might be equally exchanged. This substance that all commodities share is abstract labor-power.
Value = "exchange-value."
Value is determined by the socially average necessary time for the production of a commodity. As Marx writes, "[w]hat exclusively determines the magnitude of value is therefore the amount of labor socially necessary, or the labor-time socially necessary for its production." Ibid., pg. 129.
The substance of value is labor; the measure of the magnitude of value is labor-time.
Currency/Money — "The commodity which functions as a measure of value and therefore also as the medium of [commodity] circulation, either in its own body or through a representative, is money." Ibid., pg. 227.
The logical emergence of money in exchange: "Money necessarily crystallizes out of the process of exchange, in which different products of labor are in fact equated with each other, and thus converted into commodities. The historical broadening and deepening of the phenomenon of exchange develops the opposition between use-value and value which is latent in the nature of the commodity. The need to give an external expression to this opposition for the purposes of commercial intercourse produces the drive towards an independent form of value, which finds neither rest nor peace until an independent form has been achieved by the differentiation of commodities into commodities and money. At the same rate, then, as the transformation of the products of labor into commodities is accomplished, one commodity is transformed into money." Ibid., pg. 181.
"The first main function of [money] is to supply commodities with the material for the expression of their values, or to represent their values as magnitudes of the same denomination, qualitatively equal and quantitatively comparable. It thus acts as a universal measure of value, and only through performing this function does gold, the specific equivalent commodity, become money." Ibid., pg. 188.
"As measure of value, and as standard of price, money performs two quite different functions. It is the measure of value as the social incarnation of human labor; it is the standard of price as a quantity of metal with a fixed weight. As the measure of value it serves to convert the values of all the manifold commodities into prices, into imaginary quantities of gold; as the standard of price it measures those quantities of gold. The measure of values measures commodities considered as values; the standard of price measures, on the contrary, quantities of gold by a unit quantity of gold, not the value of one quantity of gold by the weight of another. For the standard of price, a certain weight of gold must be fixed as the unit of measurement. In this case, as in all cases where quantities of the same denomination are to be measured, the stability of the measurement is of decisive importance. Hence the less the unit of measurement (here a quantity of gold) is subject to variation, the better the standard of price fulfills its office. But gold can serve as a measure of value only because it is itself a product of labor, and therefore potentially variable in value." Ibid., pg. 192.
Capital — For the purposes of this presentation, the following symbols will be used as shorthand in the formulae being discussed:
M = Money.
C = Commodity.
Capital is "M → C → M, the transformation of money into commodities, and the re-conversion of commodities into money: buying in order to sell. Money which describes [this] course in its movement is transformed into capital, becomes capital, and, from the point of view of its function, already is capital." Ibid., pg. 248.
More precisely, however, capital expresses itself as M → C → M°. M° (M "prime") is the money value that expresses the amount put into the purchase of the commodity plus value over and above that original sum. The "prime" therefore also represents surplus-value.
"Value therefore now becomes value in process, money in process, and, as such, capital. It comes out of circulation, enters into it again preserves and multiplies itself within circulation, emerges from it with an increased size, and starts the same cycle again and again. M → M°, 'money which begets money,' such is the description of capital given by its first interpreters, the Mercantilists." Ibid., pg. 256.
Species of Capital
1. Usurers' (or interest-bearing) capital — "[I]n the case of interest-bearing capital, the circulation M → C → M° presents itself in abridged form, in its final result and without any intermediate stage, in a concise style, so to speak, as M → M°, i.e. money which is worth more money, value which is greater than itself." Ibid., pgs. 256-257.
"In usurers' capital, the form M → C → M° is reduced to the unmediated extremes M → M°, money which is exchanged for more money, a form incompatible with the nature of money and therefore inexplicable from the standpoint of commodities. Hence Aristotle says: '[T]he usurer is most rightly hated, because money itself is the source of his gain, and is not used for the purposes for which it was invented. For [money] originated for the exchange of commodities, but interest makes of money, more money. Hence its name [τόϰοϛ means 'interest' and 'offspring']. [T]he offspring resembles the parent. But interest is money, so that of all modes of making a living, this is the most contrary to nature.'" Ibid., pg. 266.
2. Merchants' (or commercial) capital — "The form M → C → M°, buying in order to sell dearer, is at its purest in genuine merchants' capital. But the whole of this movement takes place within the sphere of circulation. Since, however, it is impossible, by circulation alone, to explain the transformation of money into capital, and the formation of surplus-value, merchants' capital appears to be an impossibility, as long as equivalents are exchanged; it appears, therefore, that it can only be derived from the twofold advantage gained, over both the selling and the buying producers, by the merchant who parasitically inserts himself between them. It is in this sense that [Benjamin] Franklin says 'war is robbery, commerce is cheating.' If the valorization of merchants' capital is not to be explained merely by frauds practiced on the producers of commodities, a long series of intermediate steps would be necessary, which are as yet entirely absent, since here our only assumption is the circulation of commodities and its simple elements." Ibid., pgs. 266-267.
"Buying in order to sell, or, more accurately, buying in order to sell dearer, M → C → M°, seems admittedly to be a form peculiar to one kind of capital alone, merchants' capital." Ibid., pg. 256.
3. Industrial capital — "[I]ndustrial capital too is money which has been changed into commodities [or rather, a single commodity — that of labor], and re-converted into more money by the sale of [the] commodities [produced by that labor]." Ibid., pg. 256.
"In simple circulation, the value, of commodities attained at the most a form independent of their use-values, i.e. the form of money. But now, in the circulation M → C → M°, value suddenly presents itself as a self-moving substance which passes through a process of its own, and for which commodities and money are both mere forms. But there is more to come: instead of simply representing the relations of commodities, it now enters into a private relationship with itself, as it were. It differentiates itself as original value from itself as surplus-value, just as God the Father differentiates himself from himself as God the Son, although both are of the same age and form, in fact one single person." Ibid., pg. 256.
"In order that a man may be able to sell commodities other than his labor-power, he must of course possess means of production, such as raw materials, instruments of labor, etc. No boots can be made without leather. He requires also the means of subsistence. Nobody — not even a practitioner of Zukunftsmusik ['music of the future,' i.e., castles in the air] — can live on the products of the future, or on use-values whose production has not yet been completed; just as on the first day of his appearance on the world's stage, man must still consume every day, before and while he produces. If products are produced as commodities, they must be sold after they have been produced, and they can only satisfy the producer's needs after they have been sold. The time necessary for sale must be counted as well as the time of production." Ibid., pg. 272.
"For the transformation of money into [industrial] capital, therefore, the owner of money must find the free worker available on the commodity-market; and this worker must be free in the double sense that as a free individual he can dispose of his labor-power as his own commodity, and that, on the other hand, he has no other commodity for sale, i.e. he is rid of them, he is free of all the objects needed for the realization [Verwirklichung] of his labor-power." Pgs. 272-273.
Concerning the origin of industrial capital: "The expropriation and eviction of a part of the agricultural population not only set free for industrial capital the workers, their means of subsistence and the materials of their labor; it also created the home market." Ibid., pg. 910.
4. Finance capital — "The dependence of industry on the banks is therefore a consequence of property relationships. An ever-increasing part of the capital of industry does not belong to the industrialists who use it. They are able to dispose over capital only through the banks, which represent the owners. On the other side, the banks have to invest an ever-increasing part of their capital in industry, and in this way they become to a greater and greater extent industrial capitalists. I call bank capital, that is, capital in money form which is actually transformed in this way into industrial capital, finance capital. So far as its owners are concerned, it always retains the money form; it is invested by them in the form of money capital, interest-bearing capital, and can always be withdrawn by them as money capital. But in reality the greater part of the capital so invested with the banks is transformed into industrial, productive capital (means of production and labor-power) and is invested in the productive process. An ever-increasing proportion of the capital used in industry is finance capital, capital at the disposition of the banks which is used by the industrialists." Rudolf Hilferding, Finance Capital. Pg. 225.
"Finance capital develops with the development of the joint-stock company and reaches its peak with the monopolization of industry. Industrial earnings acquire a more secure and regular character, and so the possibilities for investing bank capital in industry are extended. But the bank disposes of bank capital, and the owners of the majority of the shares in the bank dominate the bank." Ibid., pg. 225.
"As capital itself at the highest stage of its development becomes finance capital, so the magnate of capital, the finance capitalist, increasingly concentrates his control over the whole national capital by means of his domination of bank capital." Ibid., pg. 225.
"Finance capital has the appearance of money capital, and its form of development is indeed that of money which yields money (M → M°) — the most general and inscrutable form of the movement of capital. As money capital it is made available to producers in two forms, as loan capital or as fictitious capital. The intermediaries in this process are the banks, which endeavor at the same time to convert an ever-increasing part of this capital into their own capital, thus endowing finance capital with the form of bank capital. This bank capital increasingly becomes the mere form — the money form — of actually functioning capital, that is, industrial capital." Ibid., pg. 235.
"Tempora mutantur! At the time of the stock exchange inquiry of 1893 speculation was the alpha and omega of capitalism. Everything is speculation: manufacturing, commerce, hedging operations. Every capitalist is a speculator, and even the proletarian who considers where be can best sell his labor power is a speculator. But in the cartel inquiry, the sanctity of speculation is forgotten. It is now the unmitigated evil from which crises, overproduction, and, in short, all the defects of capitalist society flow. Eliminate speculation is now the slogan. In place of the ideal of speculation we now have speculation about an ideal condition of 'stable prices' and of the demise of speculation. The stock exchange and commerce are now speculative, reprehensible activities, which must be cast aside in favor of industrial monopoly. Industrial profit incorporates commercial profit, is itself capitalized as promoter's profit, and becomes the booty of the trinity which has attained the highest form of capital as finance capital. For industrial capital is God the Father, who sent forth commercial and bank capital as God the Son, and money capital is the Holy Ghost. They are three persons united in one, in finance capital." Ibid., pg. 220.
Corporation — "The corporation is an association of capitalists. It is formed by each capitalist contributing his share of capital, and the extent of his participation, his voting rights, and the degree of his influence, are determined by the amount of capital he contributes. The capitalist is a capitalist only in so far as he owns capital, and he is differentiated from other capitalists only in a quantitative way. Hence the control of the enterprise as a whole is in the hands of those who own a majority of the shares. This also means that a corporation can be controlled by those who own half the capital, whereas in an individually owned enterprise it is necessary to own the whole capital. This doubles the power of the large capitalists. Disregarding here the role of credit, a capitalist who decides to turn his enterprise into a joint-stock company needs only half his capital in order to retain complete control. The other half becomes disposable and can be withdrawn from the enterprise. It is true, of course, that he would then lose the dividends on this half. Nevertheless, the control of outside capital is extremely important, and his domination of the enterprise is, aside from everything else, a crucial means of influencing the sale and purchase of shares on the stock exchange." Rudolf Hilferding, Finance Capital. Pg. 118.
"At its foundation the corporation does not have recourse to the relatively small stratum of working capitalists who must combine ownership with the entrepreneurial function. From the beginning, and throughout its life, the corporation is quite independent of these personal qualities. Death, inheritance, etc., among its owners, have absolutely no effect upon it. But this is not the decisive difference between the corporation and the individually owned enterprise, since the latter can also replace the personal qualities of its owners, at a certain stage of development, by those of paid employees. Equally unimportant in practice is another distinction made in the literature on the subject: namely, that on one side there is the individual entrepreneur, who is an independent and responsible agent with a stake in his enterprise, and on the other side a crowd of uninformed, powerless entrepreneurs (shareholders) who have only a minor interest in their enterprise, and understand nothing about its management. In fact the corporations — especially the most important, profitable, and pioneering ones — are governed by an oligarchy, or by a single big capitalist (or a bank) who are, in reality, vitally interested in their operations and quite independent of the mass of small shareholders. Furthermore, the managers who are at the top of the industrial bureaucracy have a stake in the enterprise, not only because of the bonuses they earn, but, still more important, because of their generally substantial shareholdings." Ibid., pgs. 122-123.
"The objective difference between the two kinds of enterprise is much more important. Recourse to the money market is a recourse to all those who have money (including the credit at their disposal). The corporation is independent of the size of individual amounts of capital, which must first be brought together in a single hand if they are to function as the industrial capital of a privately owned enterprise. Not only does it broaden the circle of people involved (anyone who has money can be a money-capitalist), but every sum of money above a certain minimum (which need only amount to a few schillings) is capable of being combined with other sums in a joint-stock company and used as industrial capital. It is therefore much easier to establish, or to expand, a corporation than a privately owned enterprise." Ibid., pg. 122.


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Modify what fields form emails
My form emails include several fields I don't want - such as "Hidden Field:" and "SimpleContact submit:"
Looking at the code on the template it says <?php echo(str_replace("_"," ",$pkey)); ?> which doesn't help me in removing only particular items.
Where can I modify that and can I use the field names given on the email when I do it?
Thank you.


text: "Military action against Iran will not end our program. If you take harsh measures, we will hide this program. If you use the language of force, you should not expect us to act transparently." -- Iran's top nuclear negotiator Ali Larijani, speaking at a conference on the country's nuclear energy program.


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Posted on Smarter than a 3rd. grader?
1122 posts in 3363 days
#1 posted 08-20-2011 01:33 AM
Yep.. gotta love that they brought back a non-woodworking forum… coming from an Atheist that does knows his "shit" ... why a cow makes patties and a deer makes pellets and a horse clumps … and why this forum gets this "shit" as well … yay… sigh… I wish there was a way to only get notices of people projects not posts from this forum… instead since I don't want this "shit".. I gotta let people go from the buddy list… sigh.
-- " 'Truth' is like a beautiful flower, unique to each plant and to the season it blossoms ... 'Fact' is the root and leaf, allowing the plant grow and bloom again."


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Miss January (and March, and July!)
The 2011 Sewing Calendar will be available shortly, with me in it! (And lots of other clever designs too).
Have a look
New website will be coming shortly - my current project of growing an actual person is taking all my attention at the moment.


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This West German historical fantasy, based on the novel by Felix Pinner, examines what might have happened beginning in 1910 if the Ruhr valley steel mills had continued their normal civilian operations rather than being switched over to produce war materials. ~ Clarke Fountain, Rovi
All Die Tannerhuette cast + crew photos
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Sophia Bush is pure elegance while attending the Rape Treatment Center Fundraiser on Sunday (October 14) in Beverly Hills, Calif.
The 30-year-old Partners actress was joined by Beautiful Creatures actress Viola Davis.
PHOTOS: Check out the latest pics of Sophia Bush
Viola was spotted posing with Norman Lear, who was honored at the fundraising brunch.
Earlier in the day, Sophia tweeted, "Had such a great morning at the AIDS Walk LA with @michaelurie. What a crowd! Honored to be a supporter."
FYI: Sophia is wearing a Katherine Kidd dress, Valentino shoes, Roseark earrings, and a Vintage necklace!
15+ pictures inside of Sophia Bush and Viola Davis at a rape center fundraiser…