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- 2019 Lok Sabha — All You Need To Know
- Hero ISL To Resume From Jan 25th; Kerala Blasters To Face ATK
- Owning A Maruti Suzuki Is Now A Special Occasion — Here's How
- Asus ZenFone Max M2 — Detailed Review
- Why Cheat India — Movie Review
- 7 Best SBI Mutual Fund Schemes To Invest Through SIP
- Benefits Of Drinking Black Coffee
- Vikramshila — The Forgotten University In Bhagalpur, Bihar
Sigma SD1 is one of the smartest model cameras from the company. This innovative gadget from the company is best for special effect photography. Its stylish appearance and powerful performance are the highlighting features that made its place in the world of photography.
Key Features:
- Interchangeable lens SLR camera
- 15x3MP Foveon X3 CMOS sensor
- 11-point AF sensor
- 460,000 dot LCD screen
- Resolution of 48MP
- Per-lens AF fine tuning
- Aspect Ratio of 3:2
- Still Image Format of Exif 2.3, DCF 2.0
- Viewfinder Magnification of 0.95X
- TFT Color LCD Monitor
- Monitor Size of 3.0 inches
- Li-ion Battery Pack BP-21
- Weight of 700g
This powerful camera supports continuous shooting of about 5 frames per second. The storage medium of this camera includes CompactFlash. Pentaprism SLR viewfinder is yet other significant feature of this gadget. It offers a very good Operating Humidity Range of about 85%. Data transfer options include USB 2.0 and also Video out (NTSC/PAL).
The device has viewfinder frame coverage of 98% vertical and 98% horizontal. Metering Range of this camera is about EV 1 to 20. AF Operating Range of the device is EV -1 to +18. This gadget also comes with a TTL phase difference detection system.
Sigma SD1 has a manual pop-up built-in flash. Operating Temperature of 0 - +40 degree Celsius is another point to be mentioned. This gadget offers an eye point of about 18mm.
The shutter which is electronically controlled is the attractive feature of this camera. Sigma SD1 operates at single AF and also continuous AF focusing modes. Another optional feature with this camera is AC adapter SAC-4. This product also comes up with an orange color AF assist light. It has an ISO Sensitivity of ISO 100-6400. It has an Exposure Control System as well. It provides an Exposure compensation of ±3EV.
The package includes a Battery Charger BC-21. There will also be a USB Cable, Neck Strap and also Video Cable. Eye Cap, Eyepiece Cap and Body Cap are also included in the package. SIGMA Photo Pro Disc and SD1 Instruction Manual with this package are really helpful even for fresh users.
The price packages of Sigma SD1 is around Rs 1,15,000/-. It comes close to Nikon D3X and also Canon EOS-1Ds Mark III SLRs. This camera has already won good appreciation from the reviewers. This innovative camera is best ideal for even professional shooters. Admirers are hoping for more innovative products from the company in the near feature.


text: Been trying to update with the new OTA. had been running the 928Droid Black Glass 2315...Anyway..used their file to return to the Odexed stock. I can download the update fine, but when it tries to installs, it aborts and keeps failing...All the bloatware is there...Still rooted...ONLY thing I can find different is the bootanimation files (.zip in system/media and another bootanimation file in system/bin). I had previously installed the Tranquility ROM and it changed these files..Now no way to get back to the original stock versions of these files.... Its the only files I can think of that are different or changed.. Can anyone post or email me the files?? Thanks!

subset: commoncrawl


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Shanti Walking On Water Vlog #1 (ummmmm what)
We went to Huntington Beach tonight to chill out before going to bed. Jason built a kick-ass fire, Krissy and I lauged our asses off, and Adam trash-talked me a LOT. Attn all my lovely subs: Please realize that Adam is kidding :D These two have done nothing but MAKE FUN of me for 40 straight hours ;_; They're like the brothers I never had... or wanted. . Jason (my lover): http://www.youtube.com/tbossbone Adam (my love): http://www.youtube.com/alifelessboring Krissy (SUB HER NOW!): http://www.youtube.com/kristine0002
Length: 06:47


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Renaming tons of Photos captured on your digital camera can be a lengthy boring process.But now you can automatically rename your pictures from your Digital camera to the day they were captured.All this is done with the help of a software called Namexif.This is a tool to automatically rename photos with the date they were shot.Digital cameras have their own clock and record the date to each photos with a precision of a second. Since the date and time is recorded for each photos (provided it is an EXIF compliant digital camera), Namexif is able to rename these photos according to the date.
This Software will Perform Following operations:
You can download the software from Here.


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I don't know what's with red, but Im starting to love it. :)
You can never go wrong with a little black dress. Agree?
I love this dress 'cause its so classy and comfty to wear. And notice the added sequins? It made the dress classy and elegant. Don't you love it girls? :)
A bumble bee dress? Why not? :)
A simple dress and some accessories made this look extra special.
True it is that the more you dress up, the more fun you'll have. Talk about girl thingy. Another set of Simple, yet Fashionable Dresses. You can never go wrong with a little plain dress and some accessories. So who doesn't love dresses? :)
Have a good one.
Follow me on Instagram: kckisskc
(C) Joseph Aguilar, The Tattoography


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From the back of the attached book:
"The Marshal is the Law!
Welcome back to the Deadlands, partner! Strap on yer six-shooters, 'cause yer in fer the ride of yer soon-ta-be-shortened life.
Marshal Law is a high-quality cardboard screen no good Marshal would be caught dead without. It's got a dazzling full-color painting by Ron Spencer, plus all the game tables you'll ever need, all laid out for easy reference.
When the lead starts flying, there's no time to be thumbing your way through a book. Be sure to do things right, and lay down the law-Marshal Law!
Adventure is the Name of the Game!
With the Marshal Law screen, you've finally got something to hide all your precious secrets behind. The Marshal Law adventure book comes complete with two all-new yarns chock full of horrific secrets guaranteed to send shivers down the spines of the bravest heroes.
Speaking of which, players get an all-new character sheet that's easier than ever to use, so there's something here for everyone. The Weird West was a lawless place-until now!"


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1. Choose the right magazine for your purpose. Think about what it is you want to promote and to whom, and then choose the magazine that caters to that audience. If you want to sell your art workshops, how-to books, or DVDs to your fellow artists, you want to be in artists' magazines, like American Artist, The Artist's Magazine, and International Artist. If you want to sell more of your paintings, you'll want to be featured in collectors' magazines, like Southwest Art and American Art Collector (although you have to buy an ad to get featured in that second one). And remember that collectors can be found anywhere so broaden your reach to magazines that cater to people who may be interested in your work because of the subject. For example, if you include your favorite sock puppet in every still life, contact toy collectors' magazines.
2. Pitch the story and get a green light before you write (or worse, pay someone else to write) the article. Editors do not want to receive pre-written articles. In fact, they'd prefer to consult with you on the content of your article before it's written. They might even want to have a staff member or freelance writer of their choice write the article. Even if you do end up writing it yourself or hiring someone to write for you, don't invest any time or money into writing the full article until an editor has agreed to publish it when it's done.
3. Write a convincing pitch letter or e-mail. The key to getting published is to convince the editor that a story about you or the group you represent will be great for the magazine's readers. You do this by sending a pitch letter that explains a) the original "angle" or subject that you can provide, b) how the information will benefit the magazine's readers, and c) why your credentials make you worthy of space in the magazine. You do not want to write, "I would love to be featured because I could really use the publicity." The editor already knows that it would benefit you--he or she wants to know what's in it for him or her. The editor's job is to please the readers, not to promote you, so your pitch should be more along the lines of "My journey as an artist is fascinating to collectors" or "I can teach your readers a new technique I've developed." If you want more detailed info on developing an angle and writing a great pitch letter, visit the "writers & writing" section of any bookstore or library where you'll find plenty of examples.
4. Follow the instructions when submitting a proposal. The pitch letter is just one part of an overall proposal package that you'll submit to the editor. Other pieces may include examples of your work and your bio or resume. The important message here is to visit the magazine's website and hunt around until you find their info on Submissions or Proposals or Submission Guidelines or similar. Once you've found their instructions, follow them to a T. If they want it electronically, send it that way. If they want it by snail mail, send it that way. And send everything they ask for and nothing more. If you absolutely can't find any guidelines on their website, check the masthead for the name of the current Managing Editor or Assistant Editor, and send him or her an e-mail asking for submission instructions. Don't contact The Editor, that name at the top of the masthead. Save that for the actual submission.
5. Be patient in waiting for a response. It's not unusual to wait a minimum of three months before you get a response. If you haven't heard by then, send a brief, polite e-mail or make a brief, polite phone call to the Managing Editor or Assistant Editor, asking for a follow-up.
6. If you'd like to contact competing magazines (magazines with the same audience and probably the same readers), do it one at a time. Start with your favorite/most promising one. Only when you've heard a definite "no" should you move on to the next one on your list. And never, ever agree to be featured in competing magazines at roughly the same time. It makes the magazines look bad, which damages your reputation.
Okay, that's all I got. Be proactive. Be patient. Be persistent... And make it fun!


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Survivor – Keith and Whitney Hook Up
Personally I don't see how you can hook up on Survivor, the no food, the bad weather, and the vermin would kill anyones libido.
However this was not the case for Keith and Whitney in Survivor South Pacific. They are now an item.
Also a minor scandal but it was revealed she was married to another country singer, and she got back from filming and said she was leaving as she met someone else.
It appears her and Keith's romance has survived off the island.
(Source: Reality Blurred)
Related Posts
8 comments
- 1 Georgie { 11.30.11 at 7:57 am }
Now what was it Whitney said to Cochrane when he flipped? Oh that's right it was, "you disgust me". And that was about a game!
- 2 Trent { 11.30.11 at 8:42 am }
It is shaping up to be a Coach/Cochrane/Brandon grand finale..GREAT.. not.. I would have much preferred a Dawn/Papa Bear and Christine final
- 3 Dazza { 11.30.11 at 9:26 am }
Cochrane defending all his decisions will be worth the price of admission on the finale though
- 5 PinkPatentMaryJanes { 11.30.11 at 12:16 pm }
Number one reason I could never hook up on Survivor: no toothbrush or toothpaste.
As for Cochrane – go dude!
- 7 TMC { 11.30.11 at 12:19 pm }
Cochran will be the winner no matter what happens, he is going to see more boobies than there was in the Revenge of the Nerds 1 2 and 3 combined
- 8 Culinary Boner { 11.30.11 at 12:55 pm }
"Number one reason I could never hook up on Survivor: no toothbrush or toothpaste."
That's why doggie's the preferred position for Neanderthals, Homo Erectus and pissed bogans.


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Friday July 9th, 2016
Cook shack open throughout all festivities– Saturday & Sunday
Gun Raffle Tickets on sale All Weekend, Winner to be announced at the Fishing Contest Weigh-in. for $10.00 per ticket or three tickets for $20.00
Must be able to pass the FFL Background Check. Must Be 18 to Buy a Ticket
6pm-Cainsville Ball Park– Appreciation Supper Sponsored by Farmers Bank
Free will donation– Pulled Pork, Chips, and Baked Beans
6pm-9pm– Entertainment by Jordan Crouse and Lifeline
6pm-Sign Up– ATV Poker Run on the Square in Cainsville, $10.00 per hand
7pm-Leave Square-ATV Poker Run (Sponsored by Rob's Cycle)
Saturday July 10th, 2016
Registration for Games All Day
T-Shirt on Sale all day
Two Bounce House's for the Children
8am to 4pm-Craft/Vendor Show
9am– Registration for the Parade in the School Parking Lot
10am– Parade (Horse Apple Bingo, preselling tickets for $5.00 a piece, winner takes half the pot)
10:45am– Parade Winners at the Cainsville Ball Park
11:00 am– Horseshoes($10.00 a team)
11:30am-12:30pm– Registration for Cainsville Car Show Call Shane Vaughn at 373-0038
11:30am-12:30pm– Registration for Baby Show ($3.00 entry fee)
12:30 pm– 3rd Annual Cainsville Whiffle Ball Tournament (6 to 7 players, a least one child 12 years old, 4 innings, $20.00 per team, 1st place trophy) Need to be pre-registered by July 4th. Contact 893-5315?
1pm– Baby Show
1:30pm– Fishing Tournament Weigh In
2pm– Car Show Judging
3pm– Car Show Winners and Trophy Presentation
5pm to 8pm– Crooked River Band
8pm– Citizen and Business of the Year Presentations
8pm to Dark– Bingo (sponsored by the Cainsville American Legion Auxiliary)
8:15pm– Girl Scouts Serving Cake & Ice Cream (Free Will Donation)
9pm– Presentation of Colors
Dark– Fireworks
Sunday July 11th, 2016
7am– Fishing Tournament ( $10.00 pre-register per two man team. $15.00 day of tournament)
10:30am-11:30am– Community Church Service (Bring your own lawn chairs)
11:00 am– Lawn Mower Tractor Pull
1:30 pm– Fishing Tournament Weigh-In (Gun Raffle Winner Drawn)
2pm– Corn Hole, Sponsored by Twin Oaks Timber $10.00 per team, trophy for 1st, 2nd, & 3rd
2pm– Cainsville Duck Run (Ducks Released) call Louise at 893-5652 to purchase a ticket $500.00 prize


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With the recent developments in spaceflight the rise of the number of people working and living in space will become exponential in the coming decades. How will those people live and what kind of work will they do? One of key elements is how people will use the resources of the solar system to create small settlements early on and later with larger communities. Hollowed asteroids, planetary and moon surfaces, large space stations, they will all become feasible with the large scale development of space.
This Border Lab is part of Border Sessions 2017. For more information and submitting, please click here.


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Powder Puff Football
Every year in the fall Powder Puff Football kicks off at MLMS. Boys and girls in the 8th grade get the opportunity to participate and make themselves gridiron legends. Boys are able to coach, and girls compete in this fast paced flag football extravaganza. The season typically lasts a week with each team playing 2 games nightly, culminating in the crowning of a winner.


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Gov. Dannel P. Malloy signed an executive order directing state agencies to conduct a $10 million study of Connecticut's transportation needs.
The study would consider restoring tolls on major parkways and interstate highways while reducing state gasoline taxes.
"During this past legislative session, we heard time and again from legislators that they wished for more information regarding electronic tolling, including specific recommendations with respect to its possible implementation," Malloy said in a press statement. "Today, I am directing state agencies to commence a comprehensive study that will provide the legislature with just that. As Connecticut's General Assembly and next governor consider how to address the future of our state's transportation funding, this study and plan will prove to be invaluable in their endeavor to make an informed decision."
Malloy said the comprehensive study of electronic tolling would examine pricing, locations and the potential to collect revenue from out-of-state motorists.
The governor cannot implement tolls without legislative approval. His order resurrects elements of a toll proposal that died in the state House of Representatives when lawmakers recessed on May 9.
Malloy, a Democrat who is not seeking reelection, said the study would:
- Assess the impact of installing electronic tolls on Interstates 84, 91 and 95, the Wilbur Cross Parkway, the Merritt Parkway, and any other limited access highway identified by the Department of Transportation.
- Explore options for providing discounts and tax credits to Connecticut residents — shifting a greater share of the burden onto out-of-state motorists.
- Evaluate options to reduce state gasoline taxes in the event tolls are installed.
- Assess any environmental impacts related to tolls.
The governor proposes that the study be financed with $10 million in bonding. The State Bond Commission, which is chaired by the governor, is scheduled to consider funding at its July 25 meeting.
Malloy added: "After all, we need to be truthful with the people we were elected to represent – without transforming the way we fund our highways, we will be unable to pay for the large-scale construction and rehabilitation projects that our state needs to ensure continued safe travel while attracting businesses and growing our economy."
Since 2013, at least 26 states have responded to the issue by increasing gas taxes, including seven states in the past year alone. The motor vehicle fuel tax in Connecticut was reduced in 1997 from 39 cents per gallon to 25 cents per gallon and has not changed since.
The Malloy's executive order is attached below and can be accessed by clicking here.See Attachment
Click here to sign up for Daily Voice's free daily emails and news alerts.


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Welcome to Bangladesh!
- This site offers basic information and links for people travelling into and out of Bangladesh. With info on hotels, flights, passports and visas, trekking, hiking and things to see and do.
is officially known as The People's Republic of Bangladesh (Gana Prajatantri Bangladesh) and is situated between Burma and India in South Asia.
Set in the river delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Bangladesh is densely populated, yet very diverse - with lush rainforests, rice paddy fields, rugged mountains, wetlands and mangrove forests inhabited by endangered bengal tigers.
The capital city of Bangladesh is Dhaka. Nestling on the banks of the river Buriganga, Dhaka is the largest city in Bangladesh and is both the cultural and industrial centre of the nation. it is home to many prominent buildings such as the Vasani Navo Theatre (pictured top right), Lalbagh Fort and the pink palace of Ahsan Manzil.
Bangladesh is serviced by two international airports - Zia International at Dhaka and Amanat Shah International Airport at Chittagong. There are also more than ten local airports providing internal flights to popular tourists destinations.
The six administrative districts of Bangladesh are: Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal and Sylhet and these are sub-divided into sixty four distinct districts. The national language of Bangladesh is Bangla and the principal religion is Muslim.
Bangladesh has lots to offer the intrepid explorer with breathtaking countryside, mountains and many ancient archaeological sites such as the Somapura Mahavihara at Paharpur. Here you will find the spectacular remains of an ancient buddhist monastery, built during the late 8th century it is a designated World Heritage Site. The imposing quadrangle structure consists of 177 monastic cells plus courtyards, shrines and terraces.
In recent years Bangladesh has become a popular destination for eco-tourists wishing to experience the unique wetlands and national parks. Sundarbans National Park is home to the world's largest Mangrove forest. Bangladesh also lays claim to the world's longest beach at Cox's Bazar - this is 120km long and serviced by it's own small airport. The beach boasts some spectacular sunrises and sunsets and is a popular destination for lovers.
The mountainous Chittagong Hill Tracts are an ideal location for more adventurous visitors who may wish to go trekking in Bangladesh. Many tour operators offer organised trips exploring this expansive Asian mountain range. Home to several different groups of Mongolian hill tribe, this area is dotted with lakes and picturesque waterfalls and teaming with exotic sub-tropical wildlife including monkeys, tigers and wild boar.
If you require information on obtaining a passport or visa to travel to or from Bangladesh from the UK then we recommend that you contact the
Bangladesh High Commission
in London.
Privacy Policy


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For detailed information on this product click here.
Receive a $30 rebate toward your first new racquet purchase when you demo. Voucher included with demo order.
Cost: Demo cost is $30 for up to 3 racquets. Shipping includes delivery to your door and return shipping back to Midwest Sports. Demo up to 3 racquets at a time. Our program ships anywhere in the continental U.S.
String Maintenance: Each DEMO racquet will arrive to the customer with a high quality Synthetic Gut or polyester string - string type cannot be guaranteed. The DEMO racquet will be strung at the middle tension of the manufacturers recommended tension range.
Delivered to your door!: UPS delivery takes 2-3 days to most areas. You will receive an e-mail the minute they are shipped with a tracking number. Use them for 7 days from the day you receive them. Example: Receive them on Monday, keep them until the next Monday. To return to Midwest Sports you may drop off at any UPS store or follow instructions on return label for alternate drop-off options. Simply place the label included with the demos on the box. Midwest Sports will be notified by UPS when the racquets are picked up. Please Note: Due to possible demo maintenance (re-stringing, re-gripping) prior to being shipped out, demo orders are not guaranteed to ship in the same time frame as new product orders. Occasional delays are possible, but are typically no longer than 1-2 days.
Forget to Return: In order for everyone to take advantage of the demo program we ask you return the demos after 7 days. Late fees on racquets not returned within the 7 day period are
Have demo 3 different racquets with pro's and con's with all 3, but this racquet while very light to the feel was very firm on volleys, able to hit more spin as well!
I could feel the extended length right away with the heavier feel. This racquet felt very stable, producing great power on my first serves and that extra kick on my second serves. I felt like I was bombing balls from all over the court, really getting great depth with my shots, pushing my opponent very far back. I had this racquet strung with Luxilon's 4G S at a higher tension around 60 pounds which really allowed this racquet to have controllable power. If you are in the market for a powerful spin generating racquet I would really recommend this frame.
I really enjoyed this powerful new update to the AeroPro Drive Plus. From the extended length to the high hefty swingweight, the Pure Aero Plus gave me the ability to hit big banging winners from throughout the court. I did notice the different string pattern (FSI) featured on this frame which really allowed me to generate heavy topspin to go along with that added bite on the ball I've been seeking. Due to the amount of power this racquet naturally generates, I strung this racquet up with the thicker 15L RPM Blast from Babolat, allowing more control.
The Babolat Pure Aero Plus is definitely a G+ç-úSpin MachineG+ç-Ñ as advertised. I play 4 times a week on a competitive 5.0 menG+ç+ûs team. Aside from the great spin, it also produces exceptional power with minimal effort. This racquet has changed my game and was extremely easy to adapt to. The added length helps me to cover the court more effectively, especially on my returns. IG+ç+ûm able to get a good touch on balls that used to wiz past me. In regards to serving, I can be much more assertive with this racquet. On my first serves I take advantage of the power aspect and on my second serves, I really utilize the added spin. There are pros and cons on my volleys. I can certainly reach more shots, but with less maneuverability and grace than typically. Overall great all around racquet and really helping me to reach my full potential on the court.
Don't Forget...


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Assisting in Worship
"...where Christ is, cheerfulness will keep breaking in."
Dorothy Sayer
Most of our Acolytes are young people grades 3 -12. Recently after hearing that there were adults who were interested in serving we began to offer opportunities for adult teams.
Altar Guild
Participation in our Altar Guild can provide a wealth of blessings. Altar Guild ministers have an opportunity for both quiet reflection and meditation as they prepare the altar, as well as great fellowship as they work together in teams.
Does the ministry of reading at services appeal to you? If so, then serving as a Lector might be for you.
Lay Eucharistic Ministers (LEMS)
Lay Eucharistic Ministers serve in a variety of ways. They administer communion at the altar, and they take communion to those who are shut in. They read scripture, lead the prayers, and stand ready to serve in any capacity necessary at the altar. This is a licensed lay position.
Music & Drama
Do you have a love for the arts, singing, an instrument, or drama? We'd love combine your gifts with ours to use these special talents to enrich our services.
Ushering is a great way to greet, guide, help and get to know people.
Worship & Liturgy Commission
The Worship Commission meets first Sundays at 9:15 a.m. in the parish hall. All members of the parish are invited to participate and give input into future services.
January 18, 2019
Please join us at the church for services
Sunday School
10:15 am in the Community Bldg.
11:00 am - 11th Hour Bible Study
More info here!
Our Parish Community
Visit Who We Are to meet the staff of Transfiguration Parish, and find out what we're all about!
Members Login


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tutorial: monogram key chain
43 comments:
Oh this is totally cute! I've been trying to find a cool craft to do with other moms, and I think this one might be it!ReplyDelete
Thanks for the inspiration!!!
Simple and very cute! Nice job :)ReplyDelete
So cute and easy too! Love these for gifts!ReplyDelete
Very cute! Thanks for sharing!ReplyDelete
I have awarded you the Versatile Blogger Award! Check out your feature below:ReplyDelete
so cute! I have some of those wooden pieces!ReplyDelete
This is such a cute idea!!!ReplyDelete
Come and link up your idea at our What I Made Wednesday Linky Party!
Sweet Peas and Bumblebees
These are so cute and would make such great little gifts. Thanks so much for sharing!ReplyDelete
Love how cute & easy these are! Thanks for linking to Craftastic Monday:)ReplyDelete
I'd love if you stopped by & entered my new CRI-Kits Gel Pens Giveaway - the odds are great: http://sewcando.blogspot.com/2011/04/review-giveaway-cri-kits-gel-pens.html
These are so cute and would make a great quick gift!ReplyDelete
Wow so cute! You could sell these!!ReplyDelete
Thanks to all of you for the sweet comments!!ReplyDelete
beautiful blog and a really cute craft! I love mod podge.ReplyDelete
new follower!
truly cute keychains, love the idea, so creative!ReplyDelete
Susan @ http://tea-diary.blogspot.com
That looks super easy and really fun! Love how yours turned out.ReplyDelete
~Kimberlee, www.TheSpunkyDiva.com
Very cool! They look like they took longer/more work to make - which is always a great craft:)ReplyDelete
This comment has been removed by the author.ReplyDelete
FANTASTIC idea! Super easy, super cheap and totally CUTE! I could even see adding some bling to them =) I'd love to have you link this to my VIP party this wekeend. http://designergarden.blogspot.com/2011/04/vip-party-12.htmlReplyDelete
I love this! They are so pretty! Can't wait to try!! :)ReplyDelete
Those are really sweet - they'd make cute teacher appreciation gifts.ReplyDelete
this is so cute and easy! these would make such cute gifts! I have a friend looking for thrifty wedding favors/place cards. These would be really cute for that! Make one for each guest. I love it!ReplyDelete
I love it! My keychain recently broke.. I wish I had the materials to make one of these! Super cute!ReplyDelete
This is so cute, I want to make them for everyone I know :) Thanks for sharing.ReplyDelete
This is an awesome idea! What font did you use when cutting the letters out on your cricut?ReplyDelete
Thanks so much everyone for the sweet comments! Tina- I used the Cindy Loo cartridge for these. It is by far my favorite font!ReplyDelete
These are just the cutest things!ReplyDelete
I've seen these on a few blogs this week - people are sharing this post for a good reason : ) SUPER cute!ReplyDelete
- AnonymousApril 27, 2011 at 2:29 AM
These are really cute! I love this idea - thanks for sharing!ReplyDelete
Great idea for a simple gift, Allison!ReplyDelete
Thanks for sharing this at Creative Juice. Stop by again this week!
Thank you so much for stopping by and linking up with {nifty thrifty sunday}!ReplyDelete
I hope to see you again tomorrow!
love your keychains! great mothers day/ teacher appreciation gift idea. thanks for linking up. we are featuring you!1ReplyDelete
LOVE these!!! Cute idea!!ReplyDelete
I featured this on my blog todayReplyDelete
All key chains are looking awesome and we can easily promote our business with these key rings.ReplyDelete
Nice keyrings with cool design. thanks for sharing these keychains with us.ReplyDelete
These are so cute!! And simple!ReplyDelete
I have scads of formica samples that I use for similar things. They are about the same size as your wood pieces.I may drag them out and get back to work on a few of my own. They make nice gifts.My imagination runs wild when I work with them.I use all sorts of materials when decorating them.ReplyDelete
So cute, and what an adorable blog! Glad I came across you :) Thanks for sharing. I am a new follower. I would appreciate it if you followed me back at http://milliemorganmedia.blogspot.com!ReplyDelete
I am hosting a craft night link party and I would love it if you would link up!ReplyDelete
This is so cute! I am going to do this with my Girl Scout Troop! :)ReplyDeleteReplies
this is a great project to do with girl scouts - have fun!Delete
Can we fix this key chain into our plastic business card?ReplyDelete
Plastic Business Cards
Gift Card printing
Scratch Cards
Love the little project...by the way where can you buy the wooden rectangles?ReplyDelete
I appreciate each and every lovely comment you leave!
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.


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She attempts to link Francis to other incidents involving children including Jane Doe based on the simple concept that because it followed a specific pattern they are similar and then gave her explanation for the Francis incident which is just enough to be factual to a point but not enough to be true.
Because the teenage swim team was given permission to use the pool and the locker room they were not allowed access or in theory were not allowed access to the sauna where Francis sat with some foolish woman that I assume likes men like Francis because Francis is a man and his own writings in the blog world made that clear and they also made clear his predilection for younger girls to use his penis on because Mr. Francis uses it as a man should and has declared he always will. In some ways Francis is predatory in an icky sort of way. I assume he has claimed he is a lesbian which is kind of like a horse claiming it is a cow which probably fits Mr. Francis' attempts to claim he is a woman.
Cristan casually fails to mention that Francis used the girls locker room to dress and undress and the following happened. Local school officials said they came up with a temporary solution.
"There's a smaller locker room next to the main locker room at the pool, and they (the swim teams) have been using that," said Ryan Betz, a spokesman for the Olympia School District."So the girls were treated as second class citizens and moved to a smaller locker room so Mr. Francis could have the "gurls" locker room to himself and I assume his cis female gal pal. There is not a single transsexual on this planet that would parade their boy parts around like Francis but then Francis is not Transsexual and in my opinion not even transgender. If he had not deleted all his other accounts it would be quite easy to show his true nature.
The simple truth is that nobody with male parts should be allowed into female restricted dressing areas and other facilities where nudity is or may be common. It is not a teaching moment and never will be. It is just not right because children can and are using those facilities and they include younger students and children of the faculty and staff.
This is not an issue with children and I doubt it ever will be but it is an issue with certain people in the transgender community. Many supporters were vehemently opposed to what Francis did and some were viciously attacked online for their outrage over this incident. Sometimes it seems the transgender believe they have the right to jam themselves down your throat which is has an analogy I will let youall figure out.
The swim team even could have lost its Title IX money which is something women fought to get so we could have equal access to sports and the advantages competitive sports give later in life.
I find it disturbing that Cristan would even remotely link the kids and Francis and she does sort of claim Francis is a subject not to be brought up too often but yet she has linked it here.She has given the Pacific (Lack of)Justice Institute some ammunition they will surely use. It was a fear Just Jennifer had with AB1266, which I support, and I was hoping she was wrong but she was not.
Transgender Activists seem to think that anything that moves certain transgender rights forward is a good thing regardless of the results it has on those evil cis women and girls. The simple truth is very few in the transgender community would do what Colleen Francis did but that is lost in the outrage of the activists when some little fantasy of theirs is denied and believe me exposing yourself in front of any women or girl when they do not welcome is dome for shock value to make a point or as an act of perversion that normally gets one arrested. Francis was more for shock value because as he says he does like the young things which does send a chill up my spine.
Those on the left and those on the right are the master manipulators of the half truth and the partial facts. They use this methodology to promote their own agendas and positions regardless of who they hurt. In this case Cristan was wrong about one thing. It was not just the Right Wing Media that was outraged it was most of the media and most in the GLB community but then maybe I am nitpicking.
Unfortunately for Cristan in this case there is more to the urban myth than she would like to admit although I do get the feeling she wished Mr. Francis would disappear but then why did she bring him up and try and link him to the children?
Mr. Francis made the following statement.
"This is not 1959 Alabama. We don't call police for drinking from the wrong water fountain," said Francis."
Well even Cristan would have to admit that comparison took a pair of brass balls to make but then maybe not. Francis described himself as a fetishistic cross-dresser in 2010 even though he claims he has lived as a women since 2009 but posted the following picture in 2010 on the a transgender lesbian site.
I copied the following from another site:
His cross-sex hormones are provided by VA Medical, as well as a cocktail of psychiatric meds, lithium and antabuse prescribed for a troubling history that he details at length on a blog at the "Transgender Lesbian Space"of the puddygirl dating site for women. He says he is known as "Fae Raven" (not to be confused with the UK fetish model of the same name) in the "BDSM Community" and describes himself as:
"I am polyamorous, bisexual (I very much favor women though, and my therapist calls me a lesbian…makes me smile) and kinky."
"Colleen Brenna" means "Raven Girl" in Irish Gaelic. A former rodeo rider, he is an avid hunter and competitive handgun shooter.
He started wearing a low-dose estrogen patch two years ago and has written that he has no intention of ever getting "sex reassignment" surgery, stating "Yes, I still have those parts too, although they aren't disgusting for me. I've never hated then. I saw LONG ago, in childhood that those were what I was given, and beung the very, very sexual creature that I was/am, I used them. Enthusiastically. I decided not to be robbed of the blessing of sexuality simply because I came wrapped in the wrong package." [sic]
He describes his VA funded estrogen treatments as making him "tired and very horny"
The VA also funds his education at Olympia WA Evergreen State College. Francis performed in the university presentation of Eve Ensler's "The Vagina Monologues", an experience he describes on his wordpress blog thusly: " I suddenly find myself in a community of Cunts."
He lists his life interests as: "drawing, cooking, transgender issues,polyamory, witchcraft, nature, fishing, art, poetry, ocean, women, sex, sexuality, emotions, magic, magick, goddess, reading, erotica, pornography, nudity, crafting, leatherwork, firearms, knives, swords, paganism, wicca, LGBT issues, beauty, gender issues, kink, spirituality, guns, makeup, shoes, boots, corsets, selkies" and describes himself as "at once a teen girl and a woman wise beyond her years."
He purged his fae_raven.livejournal bdsm account shortly after the incident happened. I do suggest you read the above carefully and consider if you would want this individual near you or a female of any age? Like most in the transgender community he is hiding his transvestism behind the transgender banner because there is not a single sane person on this planet that wants a heterosexual male transvestite in female spaces where nudity is common yet somehow those in the transgender world see this as a teaching moment.
Mr Francis has no respect for women and I mean not one single bit. We are just CUNTS to him. Women are sex objects to him and now he has free access to nude women and girls. I think it is even apparent to Cristan that Francis is someone they should avoid but they just cannot help themselves.
After all of this said and is written about there is but one conclusion why this attempt at linkage is total and complete BULLSHIT. Mr. Francis is not a victim here. Mr. Francis was never the victim here and no matter what any Transgender Activist might say he never will be which is why most have distanced themselves from him. The only victims here were the girls that inadvertently went into a sauna they may not have in theory supposedly been using but they certainly did not expect to see Francis and his hairy whatever. They certainly should not have been treated like second class citizens and moved to a smaller locker room because they were girls. Why was Francis not moved to the smaller locker room?
In the other cases Cristan mentions in the blog post the kids were victims of outrageous accusations and untruths that were used to harm the and promote a wingnut cause. There is not one thing about Mr Francis that was and has been mentioned that is untrue but the wingnuts tried to get involved as they always will and in this case they had cause and Francis gave it to them.
Sometimes the shoe fits and sometimes it just is the wrong size.


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Students in Patricia's Musical Theater class at I.S. 171 demonstrate a few of their favorite class activities through photos and descriptions!
Mirror Exercise: Students face their partner and have to mirror each other's movements. This exercise helps to build focus, concentration as well as encourages a connection to their partner which is helpful for scene study.
Out Loud Exercise: In musicals, characters break out into song because they are experiencing an extreme circumstance or feeling an extreme emotion. Student 'directors' were asked to think of an extreme emotion or circumstance either from real life or their imagination. Using the remaining pool of actors, they were asked to sculpt them into a picture of this 'out loud' moment in life. The class then took turns guessing what the picture was describing.
Stage Game: Students learn the stage directions through a fun game. They are directed to cross to different parts of the stage (blocking). While taking their direction, they must also respond to random cues that they are given, such as "enact a tragic death scene."
Character Analysis: Students were asked to choose a character from a suggested list from plays, movies and books. Then they wrote an in-depth character analysis, to help put the character into actable terms. They were to act as though they were cast in the role of this character, and to carry out the basic 'homework' that all actors must do when approaching a role. From there, the actors portrayed their characters through 'picture day.' They walked from point A to point B, sat for their picture, and improvisationally interacted with the photographer (the teacher) while maintaining their character.
Cold reading: As part of the audition technique unit, students were asked to perform a monologue from scripted material, with only 5 minutes to prepare. They learned to make quick acting choices and to present themselves in a professional manner.
photo credits Patricia Runcie


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taiping, and the first century ride
Photo: at taiping lake garden
kulim to taiping via sungai tengas (K907) - selama (K7) - kubu gajah (A6) - bukit merah (A111) - semanggol (A4) - kamunting (A7) - taiping (A2), and return via kamunting (A2) - pondok tanjong (A7) - kubu gajah (A7) - selama (K7) - sungai tengas (K907) - kulim (136)
total distance: 184 km (including wrong turns, duh!)
apparently i picked a wrong time to go to taiping lake, as there appeared to be some sort of fishing event going on, with crowds all around. what was meant to be a rest break turned into a stop, snap a photo, bye-bye kind of visit instead... anyway, finally did my first century ride (100 miles) after last week's pengkalan hulu trip fell short of a few kms to make it.


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The 2011 Academy Awards Best Picture nominees were announced on January 25, 2011 and make up perhaps the best collection of films ever assembled. The list is even more impressive where you consider that this year the field of movies was expanded to 10. The following are the films nominated.
The King's Speech
Expertly directed with a perfect cast, The King's Speech is probably the best movie of the year. Colin Firth gives a performance even more remarkable than last year's A Single Man as he plays King George VI (Bertie), the mild mannered, reserved "spare" to the throne who suffers from a dreadful stammer. The movie begins with Bertie's disastrous and almost incoherent 1925 speech at Wembley and ends with a still hesitant but nevertheless eloquent speech declaring war on Germany in 1939. In between, the movie chronicles the speech therapy that Bertie received from the Australian Lionel Logue (Geoffrey Rush.). This is an immensely enjoyable and engaging film on all emotional levels as a story of human beings, royal or not, dealing with and overcoming hardships.
The Social Network
Based on the book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich, The Social Network follows Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg as he creates Facebook, the game-changing social network that has transformed how people interact on the Internet. A movie about the founding of Facebook could have been a very long, tedious film targeted to a very niche audience. But writer Aaron Sorkin fashioned a story that is witty, fast-paced, thrilling and never boring. Director David Fincher (Fight Club, The Curious Case of Benjamin Button) takes you on a frenetically paced ride into the world behind Facebook, with fascinating revelations and disclosures along the way. The Social Network is expert storytelling with beautiful cinematography and a brilliant lead performance by Jesse Eisenberg.
Blank Swan
Black Swan is the story of Nina Sayars (Natalie Portman) a professional ballerina struggling to come of age when she fulfils her lifelong dream of landing the lead part of her company's latest production, Swan Lake. The thrill of this accomplishment is tarnished by the fact that she is unable to deal with her overbearing mother (Barbara Hershey), questionably ethical director (Vincent Cassel), taking over the throne of the former star lead (Winona Ryder) and competing with free spirited newcomer (Mila Kunis). The performances in this film are not to be believed. Natalie Portman is amazing. Her performance was nerve wrecking, and she actually makes us feel the horror rising in her character as she discovers that she is slowly moving from the good to the evil side in an effort to hold onto everything she has ever worked for. Black Swan is a dark and surreal ride that takes us down some surprising turns and, like the ballerinas, keeps us constantly on our toes.
The Fighter
A candid and powerful portrayal of a dysfunctional family and how the fighter copes with these issues to achieve success. The movie starts rather unspectacularly but soon builds into a strong, compelling dramatic story about two incredibly strong characters, one of whom is sick, who stick with each other and help each other overcome their personal obstacles. The nature of the family dynamics and how they affect the main characters are presented believably. Instead of being corny or contrived, the story is presented in a straightforward manner that lays out the issues. Mark Wahlberg and Melissa Leo are outstanding, but this movie is a showcase for Christian Bale whose performance is remarkable bordering on incredible. Mr. Bale portrays a character who by any reasonable standard should be detested yet by the end of movie is worthy of admiration. The Fighter is a true knockout.
Dom Cobb (Leonardo Di Caprio) leads a highly skilled team, specializing in stealing secrets from people's minds by entering their dreams. When they are hired by a mysterious businessman, Cobb finally has a shot at redemption, but not before achieving the near impossible. Rather than stealing an idea, they must do the complete opposite: Inception. Planting the seed of an idea. The plot of this movie is very pleasingly intricate with a twist-and-turn, keep-you-on-the-edge-of-your-seat type feel. Christopher Nolan has given us a smart film that is appealing to the eyes as well as the brain. The visuals are used in a way that makes things feel like an amazing dream. The story is interesting, and the actors all do a great job. Leonardo DiCaprio as usual is fantastic. Others like Michael Kane and Ellen Page also are great.
The Kids Are Alright
Stuffed with humor, power and insight, this film helps to remind us what a family is really all about. It's also a cautionary tale: Passionate sex, by its self, does not automatically make for a good relationship. Strong feelings can overpower our better judgment. Being dishonest with those we love causes a lot of suffering, but it can be a forgivable offense. A long-term relationship is a big investment – emotionally, financially and spiritually and it should not be easily discarded when something substantial goes wrong. Same-sex couples can have the exact same problems opposite-sex couples do.
"The Kids Are All Right" proves Hollywood can make an enjoyable film about gay, lesbian, bi-sexual or transgendered people without it having to be violent, depressing or insulting. One of the great movies of 2010.
127 Hours
127 Hours is about Aron Ralston struggling to get out of a situation he was stuck in for 127 hours. Aron is an ordinary guy working as an engineer in Intel. One day he decides to get away for a weekend to Utah for mountaineering without letting anyone know about it. He packs up his bag and off he goes on his bike. Later, while mountain climbing, he is involved in an accident where a very large bolder gets dislodged and drops on his right forearm pinning him. This movie details Aron's next 5 days alone as he tries to dislodge his arm from the boulder and save his life. Even though his eventual outcome is known world-wide, the gritty direction, gorgeous cinematography and flat-out brilliant performance by James Franco keep the viewer on the edge of their seat.
Toy Story 3
One of the year's most engaging, laugh out loud funny and deeply moving movies. It unashamedly goes for the heartstrings in the final act as Andy leaves home to go to his freshman year at a US college. And that's what this film is all about, the loss of childhood and what that means to a young man as he comes of age. Toy Story 3 is a true comedy classic full of slapstick, crazy chases and… as usual for a Pixar movie… a brilliant plot. The script sizzles and the acting (by the usual humans – you know them all by now) is universally outstanding. Randy Newman has made the franchise his own with his bittersweet and mostly beautiful music. Perhaps the highlight in this installment is Buzz Lightyear's fantastic Spanish rendition of "You've got a friend."
True Grit
True Grit is an outstanding movie that stands alongside other great westerns such as Unforgiven and Tombstone. A remake, this movie follows more closely the book than it does the John Wayne original film. The story is far richer, and the characters are given greater depth. Jeff Bridges does an excellent job filling the very big shoes of John Wayne in his famous portrayal of Rooster Cogburn. Matt Damon plays Texas Ranger LaBeouf, and is perfect. Barry Pepper plays Lucky Ned Pepper and even looks a little like Robert Duvall from the original movie. But the real star of the film, and the person around whom the story revolves is Mattie Ross, who is played with Oscar-worthy depth and skill by the unknown actress Hailee Steinfeld. Expect to see much more from her after this movie.
Winter's Bone
Jennifer Lawrence delivers an unforgettable performance as Ree Dolly, a 17-year-old living in the Ozark who cares for her mentally disabled mother and two younger siblings. Ree's rural existence is threatened by a legal framework which threatens to repossess her home and woodland if her criminal father Jessup fails to appear for a court date. Determined to track down her crystal-meth-producing dad in order to save her family, Ree is forced to request the assistance of cold hearted relatives who treat her with more than passing contempt. Adapting the story from Daniel Woodrell's novel, co-writer/director Debra Granik takes full advantage of the harsh Missouri landscape in order to examine the cruel mindset of some of the meanest people you'll ever encounter. Winter's Bone is a film that turns over a rock of backwoods American reality and studies the beautiful and ugly things that crawl there.


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Computer science majors, your road to a secure future may be just ahead. If you're graduating college senior with a degree in computer science or a related major from an accredited four-year college or university check out Hacker Fellows.
This program is anxious to get the computer scientists of tomorrow into the world of Michigan start-up companies today. It is administered by Grand Circus with Invest Detroit.
Those looking for that needed entrance to the work world will be given hands-on training and a fast track straight into employment at one of Michigan's many tech start-ups. The training will last six weeks and take place in Grand Circus' classroom. The participants will be given the real world view of how the tech world works and be shown what skills, both entrepreneurial and technological, will be needed for their own start-ups.
"Michigan start-ups are constantly looking to fill top developer talent for their companies," said Bradley Hoos, head of community programs and co-founder of Grand Circus. "Our program, through generous support from the Michigan Economic Development Corporation, will attract some of the best talent to Michigan and promote job creation within the tech community."
With training taking place within the heart of the tech scene in Detroit local entrepreneurs are available to give advice and the benefit of experience. After the six-week program ends, the benefits keep coming. The rest of the year-long fellowship is spent as a software developer in a Michigan start-up with a minimum $60,000 salary during the fellowship year.
"We're excited to launch this program in concert with Grand Circus as a way to cultivate and retain talent at start-ups throughout the state, which will, in turn, generate more commercially viable companies, creating density and jobs," said Martin Dober, vice president, Invest Detroit. "Our organization's First Step and Detroit Innovate funds are focused on providing financing and programmatic tools to promote the formation and development of high-growth companies in Detroit and the region."
Working as a software developer in Michigan can be very lucrative. The average software developer in Michigan is making $92,000 a year, says Grand Circus. Plus there are 1,100 tech jobs open in Detroit and there is money available for startups. Venture capital investment in Michigan startups is up 142 percent.
What you need to be considered is:
- Graduation between 2014-2015
- Computer science major or equivalent
- Graduating from accredited 4-year college or university
- Energized about making an impact in the Michigan entrepreneurial community
Round one is over but you can get in on Round 2. The application deadline is January 23. Interviews are Feb. 2-6 and the fellows will be selected on Feb. 25.
For more information about how to apply to be a Hacker Fellow or for how your start-up can hire top young developer talent, please visit www.hackerfellows.com.


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International partnerships
With over 140 nationalities represented in our student body, we are the most international university in the UK. We have years of experience in supporting students who are new to University life and life in London.
We have been delivering international programmes for over 30 years as one of the leading study abroad destinations in the UK.
Our international staff are active professionals in their specialist fields and our hands-on, practical approach prepares students for their future career.
Our centrally located campus in London offers your students the opportunity to explore this exciting city while providing a safe and secure study environment.
As part of their study programme, your students can study one of the nine languages available at the University. We also provide English language support to students if required.


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American Pie actor Jason Biggs has reignited his fallout with former co-star Tara Reid by saying he "doesn't know what's going on" with her body.
The Orange Is The New Black actor took aim at the blonde former party girl when asked who he would save out of Tara and Mean Girls actress Lindsay Lohan.
He told Joan River's web series 'In Bed With Joan': "Lindsay stays. She's got nice boobs. She really does. Lindsay's got nice boobs.
He added: "Tara's body, I don't know what's going on with it. I don't think she ever knows what's going on with it.
"Lindsay doesn't know what's going on with Tara's body either. No one knows what's going on with Tara's body."
In 2004 the Sharknado actress reportedly underwent a joint liposuction and boob job which went wrong.
The cutting remarks aren't the first time 36-year-old Jason has insulted the CBB star's looks.
During an appearance last year on Bravo's 'Watch What Happens Live', he referred to the actress, 38 as a "hot mess" when asked to come up with a nickname for her.
Following the incident Tara took to Twitter to express her disappointment, writing: "JasonBiggs it's really sad I just landed in LA and the first thing I read about you that you are calling me a hot mess. I've supported u!"
He responded: "@TaraReid I love u Tara, it was a joke! Didnt mean to offend, Totally kidding around! it was a game! Xoxoxo."


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USS Thresher (SSN-593)
|USS Thresher (SSN-593) underway, 30 April 1961.
USS Thresher (SSN-593) underway, 30 April 1961.
|15 January 1958
|Portsmouth Naval Shipyard
|Laid down:
|28 May 1958
|9 July 1960
|3 August 1961
|10 April 1963
|Vis Tacita (Silent Strength)
|Sank with all hands during deep diving tests, 10 April 1963, 129 died.
|Located 350 km east of Cape Cod at a depth of 8400 ft.
|General characteristics
|Class & type:
|Permit-class submarine
|3,540 short tons (3,210 t) light, 3,770 short tons (3,420 t) submerged
|279 ft (85 m)
|32 ft (9.8 m)
|26 ft (7.9 m)
|1 Westinghouse S5W PWR, Westinghouse Geared Turbines 15,000 shp (11 MW)
|33 kts
|16 officers, 96 men
|4 × 21 in (530 mm) torpedo tubes amidships
The second USS Thresher (SSN-593) was the lead boat of her class of nuclear-powered attack submarines in the United States Navy. Her loss at sea in the North Atlantic during deep-diving tests approximately 220 miles east of Boston, Massachusetts, on 10 April 1963 was a watershed event for the U.S. Navy, leading to the implementation of a rigorous submarine safety program known as SUBSAFE. Judging by the 129 crew members and shipyard personnel who were killed in the incident, historic context and significance, the sinking of Thresher was then, and remains today, the world's worst submarine disaster. This was the first U.S. nuclear submarine lost at sea.
Significance of design and loss
When it was designed and built Thresher was the most advanced attack submarine of its time: it was faster (with the exception of the USS Skipjack (SSN-585) class) and quieter than any submarine ever built, and able to dive deeper than any submarine in the world. SSN 593 was considered the most advanced weapons system of its day, created specifically to seek out and destroy Soviet submarines. Its new sonar (both passive and active) was able to detect other submarines and ships at greater range, and it was intended to launch the U.S. Navy's newest anti-submarine missile, SUBROC. In writing about its significance shortly after its loss, the (then) Commander of Submarine Force Atlantic – in the March 1964 issue of the U.S. Naval Institute's monthly journal Proceedings – stated that, "the Navy had depended upon this performance to the extent that it had asked for and received authority to build 14 of these ships, as well as an additional 11 SSNs with very much the same characteristics. This was the first time since World War II that we had considered our design sufficiently advanced to embark upon construction of a large class of general-purpose attack submarines." During its one year of trial operations – August 1961 – July 1962 – the Thresher fulfilled every expectation as the most advanced nuclear attack submarine in the world.
As the lead vessel, the class name should have been Thresher-class. However, when the Thresher was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 16 April 1963, out of respect for naval tradition its name was retired and the class name was changed to that of the second boat, USS Permit (SSN-594): thus, despite being the lead boat, the Thresher is, officially, referred to as a Permit-class submarine. Having been "lost at sea", Thresher was not decommissioned by the U.S. Navy and remains on "Eternal Patrol".
Early career
The contract to build Thresher was awarded to Portsmouth Naval Shipyard on 15 January 1958, and her keel was laid on 28 May 1958. She was launched on 9 July 1960, was sponsored by Mrs. Mary B. Warder[1] (wife of Pacific War skipper Frederick B. Warder), and was commissioned on 3 August 1961, Commander Dean L. Axene commanding.
Thresher conducted lengthy sea trials in the western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea areas in 1961–1962. These tests provided a thorough evaluation of her many new and complex technological features and weapons. She took part in Nuclear Submarine Exercise (NUSUBEX) 3–61 off the northeastern coast of the United States from 18–24 September 1961.
On 18 October 1961, Thresher, in company with the diesel-electric submarine Cavalla, headed south on a 3-week test and training cruise to San Juan, Puerto Rico, arriving 2 November. Following customary procedure while in port, her reactor was shut down. Since no shore power connection was available in San Juan, the ship's backup diesel generator was used to carry the "hotel" electrical loads. Several hours later, the backup generator broke down and the electrical load was transferred to the ship's battery, however most of the battery power was needed to keep vital systems operating and to restart the reactor, so lighting and air-conditioning were shut down. Without air-conditioning, temperature and humidity in the submarine rose, reaching 60 °C (140 °F) after about ten hours. (Four men received Navy Commendation Medals for their work that night attempting to repair the diesel generator under the extreme conditions of heat and humidity.) Eventually, it became apparent that repair of the generator would not be complete before the battery was depleted, so restart of the reactor was attempted, but by that time, there was not enough charge remaining in the battery and it ran down before restart of the reactor could be accomplished. The captain, returning to the ship from a shore function, arrived just after the battery ran down. Since the Cavalla was moored alongside, cables, borrowed from another ship in the harbor, were connected between Thresher and Cavalla, which started her diesels, providing power that enabled Thresher to restart her reactor.[2]
Thresher conducted further trials and fired test torpedoes before returning to Portsmouth on 29 November 1961. The boat remained in port through the end of the year, and spent the first two months of 1962 evaluating her sonar and Submarine Rocket (SUBROC) systems. In March, the submarine participated in NUSUBEX 2–62 (an exercise designed to improve the tactical capabilities of nuclear submarines) and in antisubmarine warfare training with Task Group ALPHA.
Off Charleston, SC, Thresher undertook operations observed by the Naval Antisubmarine Warfare Council before she returned briefly to New England waters, after which she proceeded to Florida for more SUBROC tests. While moored at Port Canaveral, Florida, the submarine was accidentally struck by a tug which damaged one of her ballast tanks. After repairs at Groton, Connecticut, by the Electric Boat Company, Thresher went south for more tests and trials off Key West, Florida, then returned northward. The submarine entered Portsmouth Shipyard on 16 July 1962 to begin a scheduled 6-month, post-shakedown availability to examine systems and make repairs and corrections as necessary. As is typical with a first-of-class boat, the work took longer than expected, lasting nearly 9 months. The ship was finally re-certified and undocked on 8 April 1963.[3]
On 9 April 1963 Thresher, now commanded by Lieutenant Commander John Wesley Harvey, got underway from Portsmouth at 8 am and rendezvoused with the submarine rescue ship Skylark at 11 am to begin its initial post-overhaul dive trials, in an area some 190 nmi (220 mi; 350 km) east of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. That afternoon Thresher conducted an initial trim dive test, surfaced and then performed a second dive to half test depth. It remained submerged overnight and re-established underwater communications with Skylark at 6:30 am on the 10th to commence deep-dive trials. Following standard practice, Thresher slowly dived deeper as it traveled in circles under Skylark – to remain within communications distance – pausing every additional 100 feet (30 m) of depth to check the integrity of all systems. As Thresher neared her test depth, Skylark received garbled communications over underwater telephone indicating "... minor difficulties, have positive up-angle, attempting to blow",[4][5][6] and then a final even more garbled message that included the number "900".[7] When Skylark received no further communication, surface observers gradually realized Thresher had sunk. By mid-afternoon a total of 15 Navy ships were en route to the search area. At 6:30 pm, the Commander Submarine Force Atlantic sent word to Portsmouth Naval Shipyard to begin notifying next-of-kin – starting with Commander Harvey's wife – that Thresher was "missing." By morning the next day all hope of finding Thresher was abandoned and at 10:30 am the Chief of Naval Operations went before the press corps at the Pentagon to announce that the submarine was lost with all hands. President John F. Kennedy ordered all flags to be flown at half-mast on 12–15 April in honor of the 129 lost submariners and shipyard personnel.[8]
Search and recovery
An extensive underwater search using oceanographic ship Mizar and other ships mounted immediately and they soon found shattered remains of Thresher's hull located on the sea floor, some 8,400 ft (2,600 m) below the surface, in six major sections.[9] The majority of the debris had spread over an area of about 134,000 m2 (160,000 sq yd). The bathyscaphe Trieste, then in San Diego, California, was alerted on 11 April and subsequently loaded aboard the large landing ship USS Point Defiance (LSD-31) and brought through the Panama Canal to Boston. The Trieste then deployed for two series of dives on the debris field: the first series on 24–30 June, and the second series in late August/early September. It found and photographed major sections of Thresher, including the sail, sonar dome, bow section, engineering spaces section, operations spaces section, and the stern planes. One aspect of the search conducted that summer by Mizar involved the use of highly sensitive proton magnetometers furnished by the Instrument Division of Varian Associates, Palo Alto, California, and shipped aboard Mizar before her departure from Suitland, Maryland. The magnetometers were used in conjunction with underwater video cameras and suspended on the same electrical line used to tow the video cameras themselves. Sea bottom photography of the wreck site taken in summer 1963 can be seen at the official US Navy history website.[10]
Trieste's successor Trieste II incorporated parts of the original bathyscaphe and was completed in early 1964. The bathyscaphe was placed on board USNS Private Francis X. McGraw and also shipped, via the Panama Canal, to Boston. Additional operations were conducted at the loss site of Thresher that were commenced by the first Trieste the year before. "Trieste II" was Commanded by Lt Comdr. John B. Mooney, Jr., with co-pilot Lt. John H. Howland and Capt. Frank Andrews in an operation that recovered bits of wreckage of the lost Thresher, in September 1964. The groundbreaking deep submergence operations helped in the design and construction of other deep-diving submersibles which could be used in rescuing crews and recovering objects from submarines in distress below levels reachable by conventional methods. Trieste II was subsequently rebuilt and officially placed into service in 1969 as Hull X-1 and designated Deep Submergence Vehicle 1 (DSV-1) in 1971.
Deep-sea photography, recovered artifacts, and an evaluation of her design and operational history permitted a Court of Inquiry to conclude Thresher had probably suffered the failure of a salt-water piping system joint which relied heavily on silver brazing instead of welding; earlier tests using ultrasound equipment found potential problems with about 14% of the tested brazed joints,[11] most of which were determined not to pose a risk significant enough to require a repair. High-pressure water spraying from a broken pipe joint may have shorted out one of the many electrical panels, causing a shutdown ("scram") of the reactor, with a subsequent loss of propulsion. The inability to blow the ballast tanks was later attributed to excessive moisture in the sub's high-pressure air flasks, moisture which froze and plugged the flasks' flowpaths while passing through the valves. This was later simulated in dock-side tests on Thresher's sister sub, Tinosa. During a test to simulate blowing ballast at or near test depth, ice formed on strainers installed in valves; the flow of air lasted only a few seconds.[12] Air driers were later retrofitted to the high-pressure air compressors, beginning with Tinosa, to permit the emergency blow system to operate properly.
Subsequent study of SOSUS data from the time of the incident has given rise to doubts of whether or not flooding proceeded the reactor scram, as no water hammer sound could be detected on instrument recordings from SOSUS at the time, which would have been a significant sonic event, and no evidence of that can be found in the recorded data.[13]
Submarines typically rely on speed and deck angle (angle of attack) rather than deballasting to surface; they are propelled at an angle towards the surface. Ballast tanks were almost never blown at depth, and to do so could cause the sub to rocket to the surface out of control. Normal procedure was to drive the sub to periscope depth, raise the periscope to verify the area was clear, then blow the tanks and surface the sub.
At the time, reactor-plant operating procedures precluded a rapid reactor restart following a scram, or even the ability to use steam remaining in the secondary system to "drive" the sub to the surface. After a scram, standard procedure was to isolate the main steam system, cutting off the flow of steam to the turbines providing propulsion and electricity. This was done to prevent an over-rapid cool-down of the reactor. Thresher's Reactor Control Officer, Lieutenant Raymond McCoole, was not at his station in the maneuvering room, or indeed on the boat, during the fatal dive. McCoole was at home caring for his wife who had been injured in a household accident—he had been all but ordered ashore by a sympathetic Commander Harvey. McCoole's trainee, Jim Henry, fresh from nuclear power school, probably followed standard operating procedures and gave the order to isolate the steam system after the scram, even though Thresher was at or slightly below its maximum depth and was taking on water. Once closed, the large steam system isolation valves could not be reopened quickly. Reflecting on the situation in later life, McCoole was sure he would have delayed shutting the valves, thus allowing the boat to "answer bells" and drive itself to the surface, despite the flooding in the engineering spaces. Admiral Rickover later changed the procedure, creating the "Fast Recovery Startup" procedure. The Fast Recovery Startup allows an immediate reactor restart and for steam to be withdrawn from the secondary system in limited quantities for several minutes following a scram.
In a dockside simulation of flooding in the engine room, held before Thresher sailed, it took the watch in charge 20 minutes to isolate a simulated leak in the auxiliary seawater system. At test depth, taking on water, and with the reactor shut down, Thresher would not have had 20 minutes to recover. Even after isolating a short-circuit in the reactor controls, it would have taken nearly 10 minutes to restart the plant.
Thresher likely imploded at a depth of 1,300–2,000 ft (400–610 m).
The Navy has periodically monitored the environmental conditions of the site since the sinking and has reported the results in an annual public report on environmental monitoring for U.S. Naval nuclear-powered craft. These reports provide specifics on the environmental sampling of sediment, water, and marine life which was done to ascertain whether Thresher's nuclear reactor has had a significant effect on the deep ocean environment. The reports also explain the methodology for conducting deep-sea monitoring from both surface vessels and submersibles. The monitoring data confirm that there has been no significant effect on the environment. Nuclear fuel in the submarine remains intact.
According to newly declassified information, the Navy sent Commander (Dr.) Robert Ballard, the oceanographer credited with locating the wreck of RMS Titanic, on a secret mission to map and collect visual data on both Thresher and Scorpion wrecks.[14] The Navy used Ballard's search for Titanic as a screen to hide the mission. Ballard approached the Navy in 1982 for funding to find Titanic with his new deep-diving robot submersible. The Navy saw the opportunity and granted him the money on the condition he first inspect the two submarine wrecks. Ballard's robotic survey discovered that Thresher had sunk so deep that it imploded, turning into thousands of pieces. The only recoverable piece was a foot of marled pipe.[15] His 1985 search for Scorpion revealed such a large debris field that it looked "as though it had been put through a shredding machine." Once the two wrecks had been visited, and the radioactive threat from both was established as small, Ballard was able to search for Titanic. Due to dwindling funds, he had just 12 days to do so, but he used the same debris-field search techniques he had used for the two subs, which worked, and Titanic was found.[16]
U.S. submarine classes are generally known by the hull number of the lead ship of the class–for instance, Los Angeles-class boats are called "688s" because the hull number of USS Los Angeles was SSN-688. The Thresher-class boats should thus be called "593s", but since the sinking of Thresher, they have been referred to as "594s" (Permit class).
Disaster sequence of 10 April 1963
|Thresher begins its descent to the test depth of 1,000 ft (300 m).
|Thresher levels off at 400 ft (120 m), contacts the surface, and the crew inspects the ship for leaks. None are found.
|Commander Harvey reports reaching half the test depth.
|Thresher reaches 1,000 ft (300 m).
|Thresher is cruising at just a few knots (subs normally moved slowly and cautiously at great depths, lest a sudden jam of the diving planes send the ship below test depth in a matter of seconds.) The boat is descending in slow circles, and announces to Skylark she is turning to "Corpen [course] 090." At this point, transmission quality from Thresher begins to noticeably degrade, possibly as a result of thermoclines.
|It is believed a brazed pipe-joint ruptures in the engine room. The crew would have attempted to stop the leak; at the same time, the engine room would be filling with a cloud of mist. Under the circumstances, Commander Harvey's likely decision would have been to order full speed, full rise on the fairwater planes, and blowing main ballast in order to surface. The pressurized air rapidly expanding in the pipes cools down, condensing moisture and depositing it on strainers installed in the system to protect the moving parts of the valves; in only a few seconds the moisture freezes, clogging the strainers and blocking the air flow, halting the effort to blow ballast. Water leaking from the broken pipe most likely causes short circuits leading to an automatic shutdown of the ship's reactor, causing a loss of propulsion. The logical action at this point would have been for Harvey to order propulsion shifted to a battery-powered backup system. As soon as the flooding was contained, the engine room crew would have begun to restart the reactor, an operation that would be expected to take at least 7 minutes.
|Skylark pages Thresher on the underwater telephone: "Gertrude [ underwater telephone ] check, K [over]." With no immediate response (although Skylark is still unaware of the conditions aboard Thresher), the signal "K" is repeated twice.
|Harvey reports status via underwater telephone. The transmission is garbled, though some words are recognizable: "[We are] experiencing minor difficulty, have positive up-angle, attempting to blow." The submarine, growing heavier from water flooding the engine room, continues its descent, probably tail-first. Another attempt to empty the ballast tanks is performed, again failing due to the formation of ice. Officers on Skylark could hear the hiss of compressed air over the loudspeaker at this point.
|Skylark acknowledges with a brisk, "Roger, out," awaiting further updates from the SSN. A follow-up message, "No contacts in area," is sent to reassure Thresher she can surface quickly, without fear of collision, if required.
|Skylark queries Thresher about her intentions: "My course 270 degrees. Interrogative range and bearing from you." There is no response, and Skylark's captain, Lieutenant Commander Hecker, sends his own gertrude [ underwater telephone ] message to the submarine, "Are you in control?"
|Skylark picks up a garbled transmission from Thresher, transcribed in the ship's log as "900 N." [The meaning of this message is unclear, and was not discussed at the enquiry; it may have indicated the submarine's depth and course, or it may have referred to a Navy "event number" (1000 indicating loss of submarine), with the "N" signifying a negative response to the query from Skylark, "Are you in control?"]
|A second transmission is received, with the partially recognizable phrase "exceeding test depth...." The leak from the broken pipe grows with increased pressure.
|Skylark detects a high-energy low-frequency noise with characteristics of an implosion.
|Skylark continues to page Thresher, repeatedly calling for a radio check, a smoke bomb, or some other indication of the boat's condition.
|Skylark attempts to transmit a message to COMSUBLANT (Commander, Submarines, Atlantic Fleet): "Unable to communicate with Thresher since 0917R. Have been calling by UQC voice and CW, QHB, CW every minute. Explosive signals every 10 minutes with no success. Last transmission received was garbled. Indicated Thresher was approaching test depth.... Conducting expanding search." Radio problems meant that COMSUBLANT did not receive and respond to this message until 12:45. Hecker initiated "Event SUBMISS [loss of a submarine]" procedures at 11:21, and continued to repeatedly hail Thresher until after 17:00.
On 11 April, at a Pentagon news conference at 10:30, the Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral George W. Anderson Jr., officially declared the ship as lost.
During the 1963 inquiry, Admiral Hyman Rickover stated:
"I believe the loss of the Thresher should not be viewed solely as the result of failure of a specific braze, weld, system or component, but rather should be considered a consequence of the philosophy of design, construction and inspection that has been permitted in our naval shipbuilding programs. I think it is important that we re-evaluate our present practices where, in the desire to make advancements, we may have forsaken the fundamentals of good engineering."[18]
Alternative theory of the sinking (electrical failure)
Bruce Rule, an acoustic data expert, published his analysis of the data collected by USS Skylark and Atlantic SOSUS arrays in a paper[19] which was published in the Navy Times[20] on 8 April 2013.[21] Rule's analysis is based on SOSUS data which was highly classified in 1963 and was not discussed in open session of the Court of Inquiry and was not revealed at the congressional hearings.[21]
Rule concluded that the primary cause of the sinking was a failure of the electrical bus which was powering the main coolant pumps. According to Rule, SOSUS data indicates that after two minutes of electrical instability, the bus failed at 09:11, causing the main coolant pumps to trip off. This caused an immediate reactor scram, resulting in a loss of propulsion. Inability to de-ballast the ship caused by formation of ice in the high-pressure air pipes then caused the Thresher to sink. Rule's analysis holds that flooding (whether from a silver brazed joint or anywhere else) did not play any role in the reactor scram or the sinking, and that the Thresher was intact until it imploded. In addition to the SOSUS data that does not record any sound of flooding, the crew of the Skylark did not report hearing any noise that sounded like flooding, and the Skylark was able to communicate with the Thresher, despite the fact that even a small leak at test depth would have produced a deafening roar. Additionally, the previous commander of the Thresher testified that he would not have described flooding, even from a small diameter pipe, as a "minor problem".[21]
Rule interprets the communication "900" from the Thresher at 09:17 as a reference to test depth, signifying that the Thresher was 900 feet (270 m) below its test depth of 1,300 or 2,200 feet (400 or 670 m) below sea level. According to Rule the SOSUS data indicates an implosion of Thresher at 09:18:24, at a depth of 2,400 feet (730 m), 400 feet (120 m) below its predicted collapse depth. The implosion took 0.1 seconds, too fast for the human nervous system to perceive.[21]
SUBSAFE legacy
When the Court of Inquiry delivered its final report, it recommended that the Navy implement a more rigorous program of design review and safety inspections during construction. That program, launched in December 1963, was known as SUBSAFE. From 1915 to 1963, the U.S. Navy lost a total of 16 submarines to non-combat accidents. Since the inception of SUBSAFE only one submarine has suffered a similar fate, and that was the USS Scorpion, which sank in 1968 for reasons still undetermined: the Scorpion was not SUBSAFE certified.[22]
- Just outside the main gate of the Naval Weapons Station, Seal Beach, California, a Thresher-Scorpion Memorial honors the crews of the two submarines.[23]
- In Carpentersville, Illinois the Dundee Township Park District named a (now closed and demolished) swimming facility in honor of Thresher.
- In Portsmouth, New Hampshire, there is a stone memorial with a plaque honoring all who were lost on Thresher. It is located outside the Albacore museum.[24]
- The Portsmouth Navy Yard, where the Thresher was built, renamed its on-base chapel the Thresher Memorial Chapel after the disaster.[25]
- A Joint Resolution was introduced in 2001 calling for the erection of a memorial in Arlington National Cemetery, but this proposal has yet to be adopted.[26]
- On 12 April 1963, President John F. Kennedy issued Executive Order 11104 paying tribute to the crew of Thresher by ordering all national flags to half-staff.[27]
- In Eureka, Missouri, there is a marble stone at the post office on Thresher Drive honoring the "officers and crew of the USS Thresher, lost 10 April 1963."[28]
- In Salisbury, Massachusetts, the town paid tribute to USS Thresher crewman Sonarman First Class Robert Edwin Steinel, a resident of the town, by naming a park in his honor "Robert E. Steinel Memorial Park". The tribute ceremony was attended by his wife, children, and other members of the USS Thresher family.
- In Nutley, New Jersey, there is a monument to Thresher crewmember Pervis Robison, Jr. http://www.flickr.com/photos/sheenachi/145949526/
- On 7 April 2013 the 50th anniversary of the loss of the Thresher, the Town of Kittery, Maine held ceremonies at the Kittery Memorial Circle to dedicate a 129-foot flagpole erected to honor the 129 lost souls that died on the Thresher. Kittery also plans a Thresher monument in Memorial Park at the entrance to the new Memorial Bridge.
- Thresher′s hull number was used for an attack submarine in the James Bond movie The Spy Who Loved Me.
- Shovels and Rope pay tribute to Thresher 's unalterable day on their album Swimmin' Time, in the song "Thresher."
- Phil Ochs sings of the Thresher disaster in his 1964 album "All the news that's fit to sing"
See also
- Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle
- USS Scorpion (SSN-589), the only other American nuclear-powered submarine to be lost at sea (under mysterious circumstances), in 1968
- John Craven USN, key individual in the search for Thresher
- Russian submarine Kursk (K-141)
- List of sunken nuclear submarines
- List of lost United States submarines
- ↑ Polmar, Norman, The Death of the USS Thresher: The Story Behind History's Deadliest Submarine Disaster, p. 7, ISBN 978-1592283927<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ [ibid, pp 13-17]
- ↑ "USS Thresher", article by Vice Admiral E.W. Grenfell, U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, March 1964; accessed 6 April 2013.
- ↑ "COMSUBPAC Web site, Submarines Lost or Damaged before and after World War II". Archived from the original on 29 January 2006. Retrieved 2 February 2006.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "U.S. Gov Info / Resources, US Navy's Submarine Rescue Team". Retrieved 2 February 2006.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "NOVA Web site, transcript of "Submarines, Secrets, and Spies"". Retrieved 2 February 2006.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Thresher (SSN 593) Loss & Inquiry, navsource.org
- ↑ Sharp, David (4 April 2013). "US sub sinking 50 years ago led to safety changes". Miami Herald. Associated Press. Retrieved 5 April 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 47: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
- ↑ "Loss of USS Thresher".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 50 Years of Steely Purpose-USS Thresher Remembered. Navsea.navy.mil. 10 April 2013.
- ↑ Thresher (SSN-593) Loss & Inquiry. Navsource.org
- ↑ "Information and Security Issues Associated with the Loss of the USS THRESHER".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ The Great Explorer 60 Minutes; aired 29 November 2009
- ↑ Lost Subs: Disaster at Sea. Tim Kelly, Executive Producer. DVD. National Geographic, 2002.
- ↑ : Titanic search was cover for secret Cold War subs mission The Times,24 May 2008
- ↑ Bentley, John. The Thresher Disaster, New York: Doubleday, 1975, pp. 157–165
- ↑ "Vanderbilt ties to 'worst submarine tragedy' 50 years ago | News | School of Engineering | Vanderbilt University". Engineering.vanderbilt.edu. Retrieved 23 April 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "What Sank The Thresher", Bruce Rule, 10 April 2013
- ↑ "50 years later, a look at what really sank the Thresher", Bruce Rule and Norman Polmar, 4 April 2013 (Navy Times link)
- ↑ "USS Thresher Left Legacy of Safety for Submarines". SeaCoast online, 24 March 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "ThresherScorpionMemorial". Submarinehistory.com. Retrieved 1 June 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Wreck of USS Thresher (SSN-593) – Portsmouth, NH – Disaster Memorials on". Waymarking.com. Retrieved 1 June 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Winslow III, Richard E. (1985). Portsmouth-Built: Submarines of the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard. Portsmouth Marine Society. p. 161. ISBN 091581904X.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Robert Patterson, Michael. "USS Thresher Disaster". Arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved 1 June 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Executive Order 11104
- ↑ www.eureka.mo.us/MINUTES/2007PARK_BOARD/Park_Board_Minutes_4-10-07.pdf (pdf file) Archived 26 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- One of the earliest and most comprehensive accounts of the loss of the Thresher was written by Vice Admiral E.W. Grenfell, Commander Submarine Force Atlantic, and published in March 1964 in the U.S. Navy's professional journal Proceedings; on 1 April 2013, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary, the U.S. Naval Institute has re-posted Admiral Grenfell's detailed account: "USS Thresher (SSN-593) 3 August 1961 – 10 April 1963".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Loss of USS Thresher
- Thresher-Scorpion Memorial
- World War II National Submarine Memorial – West
- World War II National Submarine Memorial – East
- Sontag, Sherry; Drew, Christopher; Drew, Annette Lawrence (1999). Blind Man's Bluff: The Untold Story of American Submarine Espionage. New York: HarperPaperbacks. ISBN 0-06-103004-X.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Polmar, Norman (1964). Death of the Thresher. Philadelphia: Chilton Books. ISBN 1-58574-348-8.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> First published 1964; reissued in 2001 by Lyons Press (Guilford, Conn) as The Death of the USS Thresher
- Bentley, John (1975). The Thresher disaster; the most tragic dive in submarine history. Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-03057-6.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Rockwell, Theodore (2002). The Rickover Effect : How One Man made a Difference. Lincoln: IUniverse. ISBN 0-595-74527-X.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- McCoole's statement re: shutting main steam valves during reactor scram
- DiMercurio, Michael; Benson, Michael (2003). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Submarines. Indianapolis: Alpha Books. ISBN 978-0-02-864471-4.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Further reading
- Joint Committee on Atomic Energy (United States Congress) (1965). Loss of the U.S. S. "Thresher.": Hearings, Eighty-eighth Congress, first and second sessions. Govt. Print. Off. Retrieved 5 April 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- U.S. Atlantic Fleet. Staff, Deputy Commander Submarine Force. (1964) United States Ship Thresher (SSN 593): In memoriam 10 April 1963. U.S. Navy Atlantic Fleet. No Available ISBN.
- The Thresher ship number 593 is interesting as a "good" prime number, as discussed at 553.
External links
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to USS Thresher (SSN-593).
- On Eternal Patrol: USS Thresher
- Photo gallery of Thresher at NavSource.org
- http://www.ussthresher.com/
- http://www.thresherbase.org/
- Memorial Video on YouTube
Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
- Articles with dead external links from June 2013
- Use dmy dates from April 2015
- Pages with broken file links
- Pages using deprecated image syntax
- United States submarine accidents
- Permit-class submarines
- Cold War submarines of the United States
- Lost submarines of the United States
- Sunken nuclear submarines
- Nuclear-powered ships
- Nuclear ships of the United States Navy
- Maritime incidents in 1963
- Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
- Ships built in Maine
- 1960 ships
- 1963 in the United States
- Ships lost with all hands


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