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Troubleshooting Cisco Emergency Responder System and Administration Problems
From DocWiki
Troubleshooting Cisco Emergency Responder System and Administration Problems
This chapter covers topics that help you troubleshoot problems related to the Cisco ER system and its administration, such as server and web server problems.
Cannot Validate Publisher
If the installation cannot validate the Publisher (Step 5 of the Installing the Cisco Emergency Responder Subscriber section), check the following:
1. Verify that the Publisher hostname is correct and that the Publisher is reachable by hostname.
2. Verify that the Publisher and Subscriber servers are running the same version of Cisco ER.
3. Verify that the database password that you entered is correct. This password was specified on the Database Access Security Configuration page during installation.
4. Make sure that the Subscriber has been configured correctly on the Publisher.
Troubleshooting Login Problems
These are some issues you might encounter while logging into Cisco ER:
Symptom You cannot log in to the Cisco ER Administration website.
- Recommended Action Log in to CLI and run the utils service list command. Check if the status "Cisco IDS" is STARTED. If not, start the service using the utils service start service name command.
Symptom You cannot open multiple Cisco ER sessions using Netscape Navigator.
- Recommended Action Netscape/Mozilla Navigator uses the same session ID across multiple windows. This creates problems if you try to log into Cisco ER using different IDs. Normally, you can open multiple windows when logged in as system administrator. With Internet Explorer, if you open separate IE session by starting a new IE instance (rather than by opening a new window from an existing session), IE uses different session IDs, and you should be able to log in using separate IDs (for example, as a user and an administrator, or as LAN switch and ERL administrators).
Related Topics
Using Cisco Unified Operations Manager
Use Cisco Unified Operations Manager 2.01 to continuously monitor the health of the Cisco ER system.
For information on setting up Cisco ER to use Cisco Unified Operations Manager, see the Configuring Test ERLs.
For information on installing and using Cisco Unified Operations Manager, see the documentation at:
Troubleshooting Cisco Emergency Responder Switch and Port Configuration Problems
Some issues that you might encounter while configuring switches or switch ports in Cisco ER are shown below:
Symptom Cisco ER is configured with Cisco Unified CM information, but no phones get discovered.
- Recommended Action Ensure that the Cisco Unified CM servers are reachable on the network. Then, ensure that the SNMP read community strings are configured correctly for the switches and Cisco Unified CM servers (see the Configuring the SNMP Connection.) Then, manually run the switch port and phone update process (see the Manually Running the Switch-Port and Phone Update Process.) Use the CLI-based utils snmp command to determine if the Cisco Unified CM is SNMP reachable.
Symptom Cisco ER does not show the ports on a switch configured in Cisco ER.
- Recommended Action If you add a supported switch to Cisco ER and run phone tracking on the switch after adding it, you should be able to view the list of Ethernet ports on the switch. If Cisco ER does not list the ports, check the SNMP settings in Cisco ER for the switch (see the Configuring the SNMP Connection.) Also, verify that the switch is reachable over the network. Retry the selective phone tracking process on the switch (click Locate Switch Ports when viewing the switch details; see the LAN Switch Details.)
If the problem persists, ensure that the switch is supported (see the Network Hardware and Software Requirements.) Also, check the Event Viewer for error messages.
Symptom Some phones do not appear in the switch port list.
- Recommended Action Check if the phone is found under configured IP subnets or in synthetic phones. If it is not found in either of those places, then they will be place un unlocated phones. See the Too Many Unlocated Phones for a list of reasons that a phone could not be located.
Symptom Cannot delete a switch from the Cisco ER configuration.
- Recommended Action You cannot delete a switch when a phone tracking process is in progress. Retry the deletion after the process has ended. If this is not the problem, the Cisco ER server might not be running. Check the control center and restart the server (see the Starting and Stopping a Cisco Emergency Responder Server.)
Symptom Import or export of the switch port details fails.
- Recommended Action If a switch port import or export attempt fails, it might be due to these reasons: the first switch-port and phone update process has not yet ended (wait for it to finish); the Cisco ER server is not running (use the control center to restart it, see the Starting and Stopping a Cisco Emergency Responder Serverthe Cisco ER server is not completely initialized (wait for it to initialize).
Symptom The import of some switch port configurations fail.
- Recommended Action To import switch port configurations, Cisco ER must already be configured with the switch and Cisco ER must first discover the ports on the switch using the switch-port and phone update process. If you try to import a configuration for ports not yet discovered in Cisco ER, the importation of those settings fails. See the Manually Running the Switch-Port and Phone Update ProcessRun it on the switches whose port configurations you could not import, then retry the import.
Symptom Phones moved from other Cisco ER groups to this Cisco ER group, and then moved back, are still showing up in the switch port details for the Cisco ER group.
- Recommended Action This types of phones are not removed from the switch port details until the next full switch-port and phone update process is run. If this is an issue for you, you can run the process on the switch (or on all switches) manually. See the Manually Running the Switch-Port and Phone Update Process.
Using The ERL Debug Tool to Verify Cisco Emergency Responder Configuration
The ERL Debug Tool takes a phone extension as the search criteria and displays the ERL(s) currently being used for routing emergency calls for the phone(s).
Use this diagnostic tool to verify the Cisco ER configuration during the ERL creation and the ERL assignment phase, and to troubleshoot calls directed to incorrect ERLs.
For example, you configured the phone in ERL_1 as a manually configured phone, however a misconfigured IP subnet matches this phone's IP address, and associates it with ERL_2. Now that you have found the configuration problem using the Debug Tool, you can correct it.
To use the ERL Debug Tool, follow these steps.
Step 1 Select Tools > ERL Debug Tool.
- Cisco ER displays the ERL Debug Tool page.
Step 2 At the Find Phones field, to list specific phones, select the search criteria and click Find.
- Cisco ER displays the ERL currently being used for routing emergency calls for the phone.
Step 3 If the configurations are not correct, make the required changes.
|Cisco ER displays a maximum of 1,000 records.
Replacing the Publisher Server and Subscriber Servers
If you need to replace a faulty Publisher server or a faulty Subscriber server, perform the appropriate procedure:
Replacing a Faulty Subscriber
To replace a faulty Subscriber, go to Cisco ER administration and delete the faulty Subscriber. Install a new Cisco ER Subscriber for the Publisher (see the Installing Cisco Emergency Responder 8.0 on a New System).
|If the same host name is not going to be used by the replacement Subscriber server, you must delete the faulty Subscriber using the Cisco ER administration screen on the Publisher server.
Replacing a Faulty Publisher
You can restore the Publisher only if you have backed up the Publisher using the Disaster Recovery System available as part of the Cisco ER. See the Backing Up and Recovering Data.
To replace a faulty Publisher, follow these steps:
Step 1 Install the same version of the Cisco ER Publisher on a server with the same host name as the one you used previously.
Step 2 Choose the same configuration options (such as the Cisco Unified CM version, and so on) during the installation.
Step 3 Restore the old configuration data using the Disaster Recovery System.
Using the Cisco Emergency Responder Admin Utility
You can use the Cisco ER Admin Utility tool to perform the following tasks:
- To point a Subscriber to a different Publisher
- To update Cisco ER cluster database host details
- To upgrade the CCM version
This section describes the following topic:
How to Use the Cisco ER Admin Utility Tool
To use the Cisco ER Admin Utility tool, follow these steps:
Step 1 Log in to the Cisco ER Admin Utility web interface.
Step 2 Using the menu bar, choose a task to perform:
- a. To change the Publisher that the Subscriber server points to, select Update > Publisher.
- b. To update the Cisco Unified CM version, select Update > CCM Version.
- c. To update the cluster settings on both the Publisher and Subscriber servers, select Cluster > DBHost.
Step 3 To save the changes that you have made, restart both the Publisher and the Subscriber servers.
Troubleshooting the Subscriber Database Setup
To configure the Publisher-Subscriber setup again if you have an issue with the Subscriber (apart from DB replication), follow these steps:
Step 1 Log in to the Cisco ER Admin Utility web interface on the Subscriber server.
Step 2 Select Update > Publisher.
Step 3 Specify the same Publisher Host Name, IP address (already being pointed to) and database access security password.
Step 4 Click Go.
- This step might a take a while setup.
Troubleshooting the Database and Enterprise Replication
Use the following CLI commands for troubleshooting the Informix Dynamic Server (IDS) database:
- utils service list—Used to check whether the IDS service is running or not
- show tech dbstateinfo—Gives the DB state information which is helpful in debugging database issues
- show tech dbinuse—Displays the currently used database
- show tech dbintegrity—Shows database integrity information
- show tech database—Creates a .csv file with contents of all the tables in the database
Use the following CLI commands for troubleshooting Enterprise Replication:
- utils dbreplication status—Used to show the status of the database replication
- utils dbreplication reset—Resets and restarts the database replication between the Publisher and Subscriber
- utils dbreplication repair—Compares the data on replication servers (Publisher and Subscriber) and create a report listing data inconsistencies and repairs the data inconsistencies. This command also tries to repair replication by rebuilding the corrupted .rhosts file if it is corrupted for some reason.
For troubleshooting database problems using logs, download logs from the Cisco ER Serviceability website or through CLI.
The following logs provide information for debugging database related issues
- Install/Upgrade logs—/var/log/install/
- Install DB logs—/var/log/active/er/trace/dbl/sdi/
- CERDbMon logs—/var/log/active/er/trace/dbl/sdi/cerdbmon/
- CLI logs—/var/log/active/platform/log/
Symptom Replication fails to start after the Subscriber is installed with DNS and the CLI command utils dbreplication status shows replication not working.
- Possible Cause The .rhosts will have the Host Name for the Subscriber instead of FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) of the Subscriber.
Use the CLI command utils dbreplication repair to repair the replication issue. This command tries to repair replication by rebuilding the corrupted .rhosts file.


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The Cranberry Township woman hit with a $5 million legal settlement spoke out against Donald Trump and the Miss Universe organization on her Facebook page.
Sheena Monnin resigned her title as Miss Pennsylvania USA this year after leveling accusations that the Miss USA pageant was rigged.
Donald Trump, who owns the organization that runs the pageant, took issue with her statements and sued her in a New York court. He won that lawsuit last week and was awarded a $5 million settlement.
Monnin took to her social media page Thursday and spoke for the first time since court ruling.
She said she had no idea that an arbitration hearing had taken place until receiving word that a judge ruled against her.
Monnin also said she was unaware of a clause in her contract that said Trump and other pageant officials had a legal right to choose the top five contestants and the eventual winner.
What the means, Monnin said, is that the pageant is indeed rigged and is explicitly stated as such in the contract.
"If I would have put aside my excitement of winning the Miss Pennsylvania USA title and taken time to thoroughly read the contract that night before I signed it, I have no doubt that my response would have been the same … I would have resigned," she said.

subset: commoncrawl


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A few members of New Castle County expressed concern with NCCo Department of Land Use General Manager David Culver's proposal to keep staffing levels at 118 for the 2014 fiscal year by filling currently open positions in a still weak economy.
A few members of New Castle County expressed concern with NCCo Department of Land Use General Manager David Culver's proposal to keep staffing levels at 118 for the 2014 fiscal year by filling currently open positions in a still weak economy.
The New Castle County Department of Land Use would continue to fund 11 vacant positions as well as add three vacant, unfunded positions, Culver said.
Culver said filling these positions was necessary in order to maintain customer service. He pointed out that the Department of Land Use would still be at the record low of staffing levels since six positions were cut in fiscal year 2009 and another 15 were eliminated in FY 2010.
Culver presented the Department of Land Use's recommended $12.3 million budget for the 2014 fiscal year at New Castle County Council's second round of budget hearings held Monday in the City/County Building. That represents an increase of 4.13 percent, he said.
Of the $12.3 million, 88.6 percent was slated for personnel costs in the customer service heavy department, Culver said.
But Councilman Jea Street (D-Wilmington South) could not wrap his head around Land Use's ability to afford filling in 14 vacant positions given flat revenue estimates. (New Castle County Executive Tom Gordon proposed adding 19 new positions and dipping into the county reserve to the tune of about $4 million for FY 2014.)
Culver reiterated that the 118 total staff budgeted for the NCCo Department of Land Use in 2014 would be the same as the current, 2013 fiscal year.
Councilwoman Janet Kilpatrick (R-Hockessin) said she did not see the logic of restoring the funding for three unfunded positions.
"We unfunded them for a reason," Kilpatrick said. "And I don't see anybody talking about how great funding is [for 2014]."
Culver said Land Use had been operating at record low levels of staffing for the past two years, but the amount of services demanded of his staff had not decreased. In essence, something had to give at some point, he said.
"If not, then phone calls don't get returned and code inspections could be delayed," Culver said.
Despite Culver's partial syllogism, Kilpatrick remained obstinate in her stance.
"I have a problem bringing back unfunded positions," she said. She added that she could see every department asking for more positions to be filled – a veritable Pandora's Box.
However, NCCo Department of Finance staffer Ed Milowicki said the 2014 budget was already efficiently budgeted at 98 percent of the full monetary amount actually needed to run the department efficiently. In comparison, the Department of Finance expected that 99 percent of the 2013 fiscal year would have been spent by the close of the fiscal year on June 30, 2013, he said.
The increase of 1 percentage point for 2014 was done to account for the recent ebb and flow of attrition, he said. Milowicki explained that of the 11 vacant, funded positions, seven of them had become vacant within the past year.
Councilman Penrose Hollins (D-Wilmington North) said the issue of unfunded positions begged for a special meeting by New Castle County Council to address the issue.
Councilman George Smiley (D-New Castle), the Finance Committee co-chairman, agreed. Smiley said he and co-chair Councilman John Cartier (D- Holly Oak) would schedule a budget hearing for the overall budget once each department and row office had presented their budgets.


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Slick roads played a role in two accidents Thursday at Yeoman Drive and Crusaders Road.
Derek S. French, 23, of the 1900 block of South Glenwood Avenue told police his Ford Taurus slid on the ice and struck a light pole on the southwest side of the intersection.
Some time later, French's already-disabled car was struck by a second vehicle that also slid on the ice.
Jordan Hulcher, 22, was heading west on Yeoman and attempted to turn left onto southbound Crusaders about 1:45 p.m. As he turned, his Ford Fusion hit a slick spot and slid into French's vehicle.
Neither driver was injured.
Hulcher was cited for driving too fast for conditions. Additional details on French's earlier accident were not available.
Yeoman and Crusaders are southeast of Wabash Avenue and Veterans Parkway.


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Legislation authored by state Rep. Aaron Stiles would exempt veterans and state employees from paying the state income tax.
"We talk about eliminating the income tax; well, let's start with state employees and veterans," said Stiles, R-Norman.
State employees have not seen a pay raise in six years while the cost of living has continued to increase.
"State employees are underpaid and underappreciated. Eliminating the income tax for them would effectively give them a pay raise," said Stiles.
Stiles said veterans should also be exempt from paying the state income tax.
"Veterans are another group of great people who are undervalued for their service," Stiles said. "Veterans are brave men and women who give a portion of their lives for our country. Let's not take away their income too."
"Our tax in Oklahoma on income is too high and state employees and veterans are undervalued. We can essentially work on both problems in this one bill, which reduces taxes and gives state employees and veterans the equivalent of a pay raise."
House Bill 2204 would not apply to any legislator or to the governor, who are state employees, and would not exempt retirement income.


text:
John Wick
The Baytown Outlaws
A Dark Truth
Arthur Christmas
For Greater Glory
Harsh Times
The Sentinel
Carlita's Secret
Movies.com, the ultimate source for everything movies, is your destination for new movie trailers, reviews, photos, times, tickets + more! Stay in the know with the latest movie news and cast interviews at Movies.com.
Copyright © 2019 FANDANGO MOVIES.


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Infants in Delaware could be eligible for free autism screenings through a pilot program at a Baltimore-based pediatric health center.
Infants in Delaware could be eligible for free autism screenings through a pilot program at a Baltimore-based pediatric health center.
The Kennedy Krieger Institute announced Friday an initiative to help identify the red flags of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in infant siblings of children with ASD as early as possible. Research studies have found that for families who have one child with ASD, the chance of a subsequent sibling developing the disorder is one in five. To bring support and awareness to families with children most at risk – infant siblings – Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore, Md. will provide free developmental assessments for infants between ages five to 10 months who have an older sibling diagnosed with ASD and live within Delaware.
"We launched this initiative to increase the likelihood of identifying children most at risk for ASD," says Rebecca Landa, Ph.D., director, Center for Autism and Related Disorders at Kennedy Krieger Institute. "My hope is that Delaware families will take advantage of this opportunity to seek help sooner and not miss out on early intervention, which can improve lifelong learning, communication and social skills."
While children typically receive a diagnosis of ASD between ages two to four, researchers are discovering that the earliest signs of ASD can be detected in infants as young as six to 14 months of age. Dr. Landa stresses that the earlier ASD is detected, the more effective early intervention can be in the life of a child.
"In terms of screening for early diagnosis, a predisposition to autism should not be treated differently than a predisposition to cancer or diabetes," says Dr. Landa. "If your mother had breast cancer, then you know you should get tested earlier and more frequently than someone without an elevated risk. The same is true for autism. The tracking of developmental milestones is critical for all children, but babies who are at increased risk for autism need to be monitored earlier and more often than the current screening recommendations for infants and toddlers."
The free developmental assessments will take place at the nationally renowned Center for Autism and Related Disorders at Kennedy Krieger Institute. Families living in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia are currently eligible.
To learn more, visit autism.kennedykrieger.org.


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Rob attended the The Weinstein Company and HBO parties.
Zip File Download
Fan Pics
From EOnline
Robert Pattinson may have been solo at the Golden Globes, but Kristen Stewart joined him later on for some late-night fun.
Twilight's real-life lovebirds were among the guests at Tina Fey and Amy Poehler's private post-party at Soho House in West Hollywood Sunday night.
Pattinson arrived by himself and gave a rose to Fey.
Stewart, dressed casually in jeans, a sweatshirt, a backwards hat and tennis shoes, arrived at about 1 a.m.
Addirionally Robert Pattinson appeared at the event by himself but later on left with Kristen Stewart after she appeared at the party really late and looking very casual.
The goods: Yes, Robert Pattinson came. No, he didn't do much else but show up (kind of like his appearance on the show itself). Armed with his agent and a security guard, the fetching fella congratulated winners and spoke with Harvey Weinstein before bouncing.
And the winner is...Weinstein. The "must-attend" party had head-turning pairings, Robert Pattinson with his own tent, Kobe Byrant and a "Best Picture" photo booth with a sorceror's lens that made everyone's complexion look like Dita Von Teese. (No this was not written by Stefan from "SNL".) The night ended with Jon Hamm in the middle of a dance circle at Soho House with Michelle Dockery, Seth Meyers and Kristen Wiig. Photos of famous faces letting loose lie ahead.
Over at The Weinstein Company soiree, where guests sipped Möet & Chandon champagne and DeLeón tequila and enjoyed Katsuya sushi and Sheila G's Original Brownie Brittle, Pattinson was spotted dancing with Sienna Miller while Leonardo DiCaprio enjoyed a Fatburger before hanging out with his Django Unchained costars Jamie Foxx, Christoph Waltz and Kerry Washington.
After Sunday's Golden Globes, West Hollywood's Soho House hosted a private afterparty, where co-hosts Tina Fey and Amy Poehler celebrated being the first female duo to ever host a major awards show.
Around midnight, the party began to move from the main bar to the outside bar. There, Robert Pattinson "held court and joked around with Tina Fey," an onlooker tells PEOPLE. "He presented her with a red rose."
While at the bash, Pattinson also chatted with Les Misérables star Eddie Redmayne, Rashida Jones and Ansari, who had something of his own to give to the Twilight star.
"Aziz tried to feed Rob some mac and cheese," the source says.
Later, Pattinson spent more time outside while waiting on Kristen Stewart's arrival. Although Pattinson was dressed in a suit, Stewart sported a more casual look, wearing jeans, a sweatshirt and backwards trucker hat.
"They hung around each other, but [they weren't] on top of each other," the source says.
As the night progressed, Stewart chatted with Sienna Miller, who was nominated for a Golden Globe for her role as Tippi Hedren in The Girl.
taryder: hot stuff! She (Kristen) seemed totally relaxed last night and in good spirits. So glad she came out for a bit!
sayLAViannerose: Dude. 3am-closed down the Golden Globes on the dance floor w/Hamm, Wiig, Fey, Poehler, Dockery, Redmayne, Rpatts/KStew, Waltz, Affleck... :)
@carlyjsteel: Robert Pattinson at Weinstein party #Goldenglobes
@marcmalkin: just got word that kristen stewart just joined Robert Pattinson at a super private post-@goldenglobes VIP party. More to come
--->Why do we not have pics of this?? Sigh.. The story of this fandom. :(
taryder: And yes I saw Rob- he looks amazing. He has been hanging with his team #goldenglobes
marieclaire: Rpatz spotted @marieclaire / #goldenglobes afterparty. We love you Robert!
JaredEng: Oh just chillin w Robert Pattinson at the @WeinsteinFilms moetusa party. He said he rang in the new year in England with the usuals - friends he's known since forever.
tedgibson: Yep that's who I am hanging out with #robertpattinson #peopleglobes xo
MattDonnelly: Just spotted #RobertPattinson at the Weinstein Co after party. #GoldenGlobes #omginsider
MattDonnelly:Rob is with his manager + security guard. #GoldenGlobes #omginsider
marcmalkin: Get ready to scream...it's Robert Pattinson at the Weinstein company party!
HerNameIsDeidre: Just asked Robert Pattinson what the highlight of tonight was. He answered, "Meh."
EW: #GoldenGlobes after-parties: HBO! Jon Hamm downing food, Rob Pattinson by bar, winner Julianne Moore dancing @Solvej_Schou reporting
CelebSighting: RIGHT NOW: JLO sits at Harvey's center table, but Robert Pattinson has a smoker friendly own private tent outside. #Globes (Sun 1033P)
HQ Pics: RPLife
MQ Pic: Source
Twitpics/Intsagram: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7
Video Via


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SALT LAKE CITY Authorities arrested a survivalist on Tuesday suspected of burglarizing Utah cabins for years and leaving some covered with threats and bullet holes.
Troy James Knapp, 45, dubbed the Mountain Man by cabin owners, was taken into custody in mountains outside of Ferron in central Utah after evading authorities for more than five years, the Sanpete County Sheriffs Office said.
Authorities have said Knapp was armed and dangerous when he broke into dozens of mountain cabins across remote southern Utah. They said he has been photographed by motion-triggered camera on snowshoes with a stolen rifle slung over a shoulder.
Knapp has been living off the comfort of those cabins in winter then retreating to makeshift summer camps deep in the forest with stolen guns and supplies, detectives have said.
Authorities say Knapps motives have never been clear but speculated that he was fed up with civilization.
The last known sighting of Knapp was Oct. 1 by a surveillance camera in Sanpete County. Iron, Kane and Garfield counties have all issued arrest warrants for him on burglary and weapons charges.
Iron County Sheriff Mark Gower told The Spectrum of St. George that the arrest involved several agencies.
Im excited as hell, Gower said. Were absolutely stoked about this. Its been a long time coming.
While there have been no violent confrontations with Knapp, authorities had feared he was a ticking time bomb.
He is suspected of leaving some cabins riddled with bullet holes, defacing religious icons and writing taunting notes.
Hey Sheriff ... Gonna put you in the ground! he wrote in one note, according to court records.
Records indicate Knapp fell off the radar in 2002 when he apparently left California in violation of his parole for a burglary conviction. He had been charged with theft in 2000 in California, pleaded guilty and was sentenced to two years in prison, according to records.
Authorities lost track off Knapp around 2003.
He just dropped off the face of the Earth, Supervisory Deputy U.S. Marshal Michael Wingert told The Associated Press in February 2012.
In 2007, southern Utah authorities began investigating a string of cabin burglaries they believed were tied to one person. Over the years, detectives found unattended summer camps stocked with dozens of guns and stolen, high-end outdoor gear.
It wasnt until early 2012 that investigators identified Knapp as the suspect from cabin surveillance photos and videos. Wingert compared his skills as a survivalist to Davy Crockett.
As a teenager, Knapp was convicted in Michigan of breaking and entering, passing bad checks and unlawful flight from authorities, according to court records in Kalamazoo County.
His most serious arrest for felony assault in Michigan was reduced in 1994 to a charge of malicious destruction of property after he agreed to plead guilty.


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Total 1 active Butterflyhouse.co.uk Promo Codes & Deals are listed and the latest one is updated on May 19, 2018 10:34:15; 1 coupons and 0 deals which offer and extra discount, make sure to use one of them when you're shopping for Tropical Butterfly House.
Plus get our best butterflyhouse.co.uk coupons in our email newsletter.
Browse through thousands of Coupons for all your favorite brands, from all your favorite stores.
Save money on popular stores coupons for your home, your closet, your life and more.


text:
|Episode Description
|Thursday, Jan 17, 2013 - 2:30 PM
"Andalucia, Gibraltar and Tangier"
Exploring the quintessence of Spanish culture in Andalucia, Rick rolls down from whitewashed hill towns to the coast and takes in the windsurfing at Tarifa. He catches a bit of Britain on the Rock of Gibraltar and then sails to Africa for a Moroccan finale in Tangier. G
|More on PLUS (PT)
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CORDIA - Sailing vessel
What is the ship's current position? Where is the ship located? CORDIA current position is 47.56925 N / 122.3492 W on Jan 13, 2019 21:31 UTC.
Are you interested in the sailing schedule of the CORDIA ship?
The CORDIA's port of calls and sailing schedule for the past months are listed below as detected by our live AIS ship tracking system. VesselFinder also gathers and keeps detailed information about ship movement history (e.g ship track) for the past 7 days (max).
More detailed historical ship movement AIS records are available on request.
Port Calls
|Last Port Call
|Actual time of Arrival (UTC)
CORDIA current position and history of port calls are received by AIS. Technical specifications, tonnages and management details are derived from VesselFinder database. The data is for informational purposes only and VesselFinder is not responsible for the accuracy and reliability of CORDIA data.
Embed a map and track this ship in real time
<script type="text/javascript">
var width="100%";
var height="400";
var mmsi=338127204;
<script type="text/javascript"


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Dusted Charts
Oct. 3, 2006
CHRW, CITR, CIUT, CKUT, KALX, KBGA, KBOO, KCPR, KDVS, KFJC, KJHK, KSPC, KTRU, KTSW, KUCI, KUOI, KUOM, KUSF, KVCU, KVRX, KXLU, KXUA, KZSU, KZUU, WBAR, WBSR, WCSB, WFMU, WHPK, WIDR, WLUW, WMBR, WNUR, WNYU, WPRB, WRFL, WRRG, WTJU, WTUL, WUAG, WUOG, WVFS, WVKR, WXDU, WXYC, WZBC.A list of participating stations can be viewed at http://www.dustedmagazine.com/charts/dustedstations.htm. Dusted's guide to being a music director is available at www.dustedmagazine.com/features/84. The Dusted charts are compiled from charts taken from a somewhat exclusive collection of the finest college radio stations in North America. Individual stations are not weighted and each chart is of equal value. However, albums that appear on multiple charts are weighted accordingly. For more information about the charts or if you are interested in submitting your station's charts please feel free to e-mail us at email@example.com.
©2002-2011 Dusted Magazine. All Rights Reserved.


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text: Back to News US Youth Soccer William J. "Billy" Goaziou Scholarship Recipients Announced May 5, 2014 02:33 PM Charlotte Pearsall and Danny Miller awarded sixth annual US Youth Soccer William J. "Billy" Goaziou Scholarships Scholarship recipients are leaders on and off the field FRISCO, Texas (May 5, 2014) — US Youth Soccer players Charlotte Pearsall, of Wilmington, N.C., and Danny Miller, of Rancho Palos Verdes, Calif., are the recipients of the sixth annual US Youth Soccer William J. "Billy" Goaziou Scholarships. Both teens play key roles on their soccer teams as well as in their communities. The scholarships are awarded for post-secondary education. The two $1,000 scholarships are awarded based on community service, giving back to the game of soccer and to honor the memory of William J. "Billy" Goaziou for his outstanding services for soccer and US Youth Soccer. The scholarships are awarded annually through the US Youth Soccer Foundation to one male and one female recipient. Charlotte Pearsall plays for the Cape Fear Soccer Club's 95 Wave White, of North Carolina Youth Soccer, which finished as the runner-up in the 2013 US Youth Soccer North Carolina State Cup. She captained her Eugene Ashley High School team the last two seasons while receiving All-State, All-Region and All-Conference honors. In addition to playing, Pearsall remains involved in soccer through refereeing, and she also holds a USSF 'E' Coaching License. She has applied her license while serving as a coach for fellow Cape Fear SC teams. Her success on the soccer field is mirrored in the classroom, where she holds a 4.67 GPA while taking several advanced placement and honors courses. As a member of the Beta Club and National Honor Society, Pearsall remains active in the community, and she traveled to Nicaragua last summer on a mission trip for the Soccer Without Borders program. This fall, Pearsall will continue her soccer career at East Carolina University. Danny Miller is involved in soccer as a player, coach, referee, and even as a tournament president. He's played in the US Youth Soccer Region IV Championships, US Youth Soccer National League and Dallas Cup as a member of Fram 18 Premier, of California South. Miller also played on the back-to-back US Youth Soccer ODP Championship-winning sides from California South. Additionally, he holds a Grade 8 referee license and has coached at Fram Soccer Club camps. As a high school junior, Miller founded a 3v3 soccer tournament, which featured 16 teams from local schools, to raise money to fight HIV/AIDS in Africa. In addition to his involvement in several other community activities, Miller has earned a 4.9 GPA in high school while taking advanced placement courses. He has received numerous academic honors and is a three-time Presidential Service Award recipient — an award honoring individuals who perform more than 100 hours of community service per year. After high school, Miller will be attending the University of California, Berkeley. "US Youth Soccer strives to develop players' skills, as well as their characters. Both Charlotte and Danny have taken the important life lessons that soccer offers its participants and given back to the game and their communities. US Youth Soccer is proud to remember Billy Goaziou by contributing to the lives of these young adults as they continue to succeed and move forward to college this fall," said John Sutter, president of US Youth Soccer. Goaziou was involved in soccer for more than 25 years as a coach and administrator. He served as treasurer of US Youth Soccer and the Florida Youth Soccer Association, as well as chairman of the US Youth Soccer budget and US Youth Soccer Olympic Development Program committees. In 1994, he took office as the U.S. Soccer Federation's treasurer and was re-elected four times (1996, 1998, 2000 and 2004). Beyond the soccer world, Goaziou served his country in the U.S. Marine Corps. To learn more including eligibility requirements, click here.


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|Attention: DocWiki has reached EOL and will be decommissioned January 25, 2019.
PfR:Technology Overview
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= Learning Phase =
= Learning Phase =
Before optimizing traffic, PfR has to determine the traffic classes from the traffic flowing through the border routers. To optimize traffic routing, subsets of the total traffic must be identified, and these traffic subsets are named traffic classes. The list of traffic classes entries is named a Monitored Traffic Class (MTC) list.
Before optimizing traffic, PfR has to determine the traffic classes from the traffic flowing through the border routers. To optimize traffic routing, subsets of the total traffic must be identified, and these traffic subsets are named traffic classes. The list of traffic classes entries is named a Monitored Traffic Class (MTC) list.
Revision as of 09:02, 5 November 2010
PfR Technology Overview
Moving to Performance Routing
Better Use of WAN Links
Many customers have multiple links to the WAN, being privately held or managed by a Service Provider. In many cases, one link is considered as primary while the other one is considered as a backup which leads to a waste of resources.
Today's challenges in the WAN:
- Traffic increase and badly load-balanced across central site uplinks
- Expensive backup links under utilized
- Load-sharing through complex BGP tricks or PBR
- Manual check of Netflow stats, IP SLA probes and Prefix utilization
What would be the solution:
- Full utilization of expensive network resources
- Efficient distribution of traffic based upon load
- Traffic optimized based upon circuit cost profiles
- Minimization of underutilized expensive WAN paths
Better Application performance and availability
Many customers would like to be aware of fluctuating service levels, Soft Errors or Brownouts. Routing protocols are not aware of such events. This could lead to a bad user experience, to application performance degradation. But still, the routing protocol is up.
- Application performance degraded
- Bad user experience
- But no routing problems reported
- Unaware of Soft Errors
- Intermittent reachability (SP flapping)
- Black holes
- New application requirements (low latency)
- But again … no routing problems reported
- Where is the problem?
- WAN Congestion Problem?
- Avoidance of network brownouts and soft errors
- Intelligent Routing based on performance
- Moving to adaptative routing based upon application delay, loss, jitter, bandwidth
Application Routing
One of the key requirement is to be able to route not only based on the prefix but also based on the type of application. Routing should take the best path for an application rather than a prefix.
- Critical application routed on primary link for best SLA
- Use backup links for best effort applications
- But still .. Use backup in case of performance degradation
Current Deployment:
- Complex configuration based on EEM scripts and Policy Based Routing (PBR).
- Static routing
- Responsiveness to critical application performance requirements
- Time/delay sensitive: voice, vertical apps (trading floor)
- Loss sensitive: video, circuit emulation
- Data center traffic: SAN extension, Internet ISP load balancing
- Transactional traffic: e-commerce transactions, automated B2B, ERP
Performance Routing
Traditional routing uses static metrics to provide "reachability" information, but has no link utilization information, no data plane knowledge and is unaware of soft errors.
Cisco Performance Routing (PfR) enhances routing in order to select the best path based on user defined policy. The PfR policy can: minimize cost efficiently distribute traffic load and/or select the optimum performing path for applications
Cisco PfR enables intelligent traffic management that can dynamically route around soft errors in the Enterprise WAN or Internet and makes adaptive routing adjustments based on advanced criteria such as response time, packet loss, jitter, mean opinion score (MOS), availability, traffic load, and cost policies.
Cisco PfR augments traditional routing (BGP, EIGRP, OSPF, PBR) with realtime performance metrics in IOS instrumentation (Interfaces, Netflow, IP SLA, …).
PfR Technical Overview
In any PfR implementation, a master controller (MC) and at least one border router (BR) must be configured. The MC commands and controls the BRs and maintains a central repository for the data collected by the BRs.
The MC function can be collocated (configured) on the same router as the BR, or it can be a dedicated, standalone IOS platform..
BRs are in the user traffic switching path. BRs collect data from their Netflow cache and from the IP SLA probes results, provide a degree of aggregation of this information, and influence the packet switching path to manage user traffic.
The MC is the policy decision maker. Typically, at a large site (data center or campus), the MC is a standalone chassis while at smaller branch locations the MC is typically collocated (configured) on the same platform as the BR. As a general rule, the large locations manage more network prefixes and/or applications than a branch deployment and thus consumes more CPU and memory resources for the MC function. Therefore, it makes a good design practice to dedicate a chassis for the MC at the large sites. The branch typically manages fewer active network prefixes and/or applications and due to the costs associated with dedicating a chassis at each branch, the network manager can collocate the MC and BR on the same platform. CPU and memory utilization should be monitored on platforms operating as MCs and if utilization is high, the network manager should consider an MC platform with a higher capacity CPU and memory.
The MC communicates with the BRs over an authenticated TCP socket, but has no requirement for populating its own IP routing table with anything more than a route to reach the BRs.
Because PfR is a path selection technology, there must be at least two external interfaces under the control of PfR and at least one internal interface. There must be at least one BR configured. If there is only one BR configured, then both external interfaces are attached to the single BR. If more than one BR is configured, then the two or more external interfaces are configured across these BRs. External links, or exit points, are therefore owned by the BR; they may be logical (tunnel interfaces) or physical links (Serial, Ethernet, ...).
For PfR to be able to manage prefixes or application, traffic should cross the BRs from internal interfaces to external interfaces and vice-versa.
Performance Routing Policy Engine
Performance based routing happens in five stages:
- Learn Applications: MC tells BR to learn "interesting" applications, called Traffic Classes.
- This could be destination prefix with or without port, dscp, source prefix or even application using NBAR.
- This profiling process can be entirely automatic based on the top talkers (using Netflow) or configured manually.
- Measure Application performance (Collects traffic class statistics for learned applications):
- Monitor Modes: Passive, Active, Both, Fast, Special (Cat6K)
- Netflow for UDP (bandwidth) and TCP flows (availability, delay, bandwidth, loss)
- IP SLA for TCP and UDP flows (Availability, delay, loss, jitter, MOS).
- Apply Policy
- Use measured application data to determine whether managed traffic-class is out of policy (OOP) and if an alternate path can meet the policy requirements.
- Enforce (re-route traffic)
- Prefix Control: Inject BGP or Static routes
- Application Control: Dynamic Route-map/PBR for traffic classes defined by ACLs, NBAR, unsupported routing protocols (OSPF, ISIS) or, BRs running a mix of routing protocols.
- Verify that the new route match the policy
Reachability must be verified
For PfR to consider an exit interface as a candidate for traffic, reachability to the target network prefix must be verified. When PfR is configured as passive mode (mode monitor passive, Netflow based only), TCP flows must be present across the exit interface to learn the validity of reachability across the exit interface.
Note that a parent route needs to be present to direct traffic for a target network out the external interfaces, in order to allow the Netflow subsystem to identify the validity of reachability through the TCP flows. Given this, if there is no TCP traffic out an exit interface, no passive measurements are available to Netflow/PfR. Or, if there are long-lived TCP flows, flows lasting longer than the PfR monitor period, no TCP SYNc and TCP SYNc/ACK are seen during the monitor period. So in this case, traffic may be active, but because the TCP SYNc and TCP SYNc/ACK is not seen during the monitor period, no delay and reachability can be deduced from this long persistent flow.
For PfR to function optimally in passive monitor mode, more TCP flows equate to more data points for the master controller to analyze and manage. As the number of TCP flows increase, the database becomes more granular, meaning more delay, loss, and reachability information is available for a given network prefix.
Learning Phase
Also called Profiling phase. Before optimizing traffic, PfR has to determine the traffic classes from the traffic flowing through the border routers. To optimize traffic routing, subsets of the total traffic must be identified, and these traffic subsets are named traffic classes. The list of traffic classes entries is named a Monitored Traffic Class (MTC) list.
The entries in the MTC list can be profiled either by automatically learning the traffic flowing through the device (using Flexible Netflow) or by manually configuring the traffic classes. Learned and configured traffic classes can both exist in the MTC list at the same time.
The PfR profile phase includes both the learn mechanism and the configure mechanism.
Traffic Classes can be based on layer3 information such as prefixes, or layer4 such as port number, on DSCP values or application by using Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR).
As an exemple, a very basic learning configuration would be the following, where PfR automatically tracks the top talkers based on netflow information received from the BRs:
key chain key1 key 1 key-string cisco ! oer master logging border 10.4.5.4 key-chain key1 interface Ethernet0/0 internal interface Ethernet0/1 external ! border 10.4.5.5 key-chain key1 interface Ethernet0/0 internal interface Ethernet0/1 external ! learn throughput monitor 1 periodic 0
Another example is the ability to track specific destination prefixes:
oer master policy-rules MYMAP logging border 10.4.5.4 key-chain key1 interface Ethernet0/0 internal interface Ethernet0/1 external ! border 10.4.5.5 key-chain key1 interface Ethernet0/0 internal interface Ethernet0/1 external ! learn throughput monitor 1 periodic 0 ! ip prefix-list PFX seq 5 permit 184.108.40.206/16 ! oer-map MYMAP 10 match ip address prefix-list PFX
And last but not least, PfR supports a learn list configuration mode to simplify the learning of traffic classes and to provide greater flexibility. In each learn list, different criteria including prefixes, application definitions, filters, and aggregation parameters for learning traffic classes can be configured. A traffic class is automatically learned by PfR based on each learn list criteria, and each learn list is configured with a sequence number. The sequence number determines the order in which learn list criteria are applied. Learn lists allow different PfR policies to be applied to each learn list.
ip prefix-list BRANCH1 seq 5 permit 184.108.40.206/16 ! oer master max-range-utilization percent 10 policy-rules MYMAP logging learn throughput delay periodic-interval 0 monitor-period 1 list seq 10 refname BRANCH_BUSINESS traffic-class application ssh filter BRANCH1 throughput list seq 20 refname BRANCH_BE traffic-class prefix-list BRANCH1 throughput holddown 180 mode select-exit best periodic 180 !
Measuring Phase
The PfR measure phase is the second step in the PfR performance engine. The Traffic Class list is now full of traffic class entries and PfR must measure the performance metrics of these traffic class entries.
Measuring is defined in PfR as the act of measurement performed periodically over a set interval of time where the measurements are compared against a user defined threshold.
PfR measures the performance of traffic classes using active and passive monitoring techniques and it also measures, by default, the utilization of links.
The border routers collect passive monitoring and active monitoring statistics and then transmit this information to the master controller. The PfR measure phase is complete when each traffic class entry in the MTC list has associated performance metric measurements.
- "TCP, UDP, Jitter need IP SLA responder targets defined"
- Mode monitor Both: It is the default (recommended)
- Mode moinitor Fast: recommended for fast convergence
Mode monitor passive
Passive monitoring is the act of PfR gathering information on user packets assembled into flows by Netflow. Passive monitoring is typically only recommended in Internet edge deployments because active probing is ineffective because of security policies that block probing. PfR, when enabled, automatically enables Netflow on the managed interfaces on the Border Routers. By aggregating this information on the Border Routers and periodically reporting the collected data to the Master Controller, the network prefixes and applications in use can automatically be learned.
The border routers report traffic flows identified by Netflow to the master controller. The average delay of the flows, packet loss, and reachability along with the outbound throughput in terms of bits per second is determined for the destination IP prefixes observed in the Netflow data.
Measurements of the TCP traffic flows are characterized by:
- Delay—Time between TCP SYN and TCP SYN/ACK in a TCP three-way handshake.
- Loss—TCP sequence numbers are tracked, loss can estimated when lower sequence numbers than the highest sequence number observed are seen.
- Reachability—Repeated TCP SYNs without an accompanying TCP SYN/ACK identify reachability failures.
- Throughput—Throughput is calculated from NetFlow and measured in bits per second (bps). Measurements of non-TCP traffic flows is characterized by throughput only.
Mode monitor active
Active monitoring is the act of generating Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLAs) probes to generate test traffic for the purpose of obtaining information regarding the characteristics of the WAN links. PfR can either implicitly generates active probes when passive monitoring has identified destination hosts, or the network manager can explicitly configured probes in the PfR configuration.
In this mode, IP SLAs probes are generated by the border routers through the current exist and transmitted at the configured probe frequency value. Probes are only generated through alternate paths (exits) in the event the current path is out-of-policy.
The ICMP ECHO requests that are generated by default constitute additional background traffic on the network. When used on the Internet, activating probing may not be desirable in that ICMP packets may be blocked or administratively prohibited and may be considered a threatening or abusive posture to the target hosts.
By default, an active probe is of the type of ICMP echo. If VoIP is to be characterized, the network manager may choose to explicitly configure an active probe. Following is an example from an pfr-map using a traffic-class that matches VoIP streams with probes sent every 2 seconds.
set active-probe jitter 126.96.36.199 target-port 33033 codec g729a set probe frequency 2
It is possible, and practical, to use active monitoring for specific traffic-class while using a global configuration option defaulting to passive monitoring of all other traffic through the TCP flows.
Mode monitor both
Mode monitor both is the default value and combines the capabilities of passive and active monitoring. Up to five IP addresses are actively probed for each destination prefix network learned through passive monitoring. By default, an IP SLA ICMP ECHO probe is automatically generated for the learned IP addresses.
In this mode, IP SLAs probes are generated by the border routers through the current exist and transmitted at the configured (or default) probe frequency value. Unlike mode monitor fast, which is described in a later section, active probing does not probe all exit points continuously. It probes only the current exit point provided the status is INPOLICY and probes are generated after the prefix timer value is exhausted. Probes are only generated through alternate paths (exits) in the event the current path is out-of-policy.
By monitoring both actively and passively, additional data points regarding a network prefix can be obtained through two separate and distinct tools; Netflow for passive measurements and IP SLA for the active measurements. However, the inclusion of active probing also has disadvantages. Mode monitor both is best suited for use within the private internal network of the enterprise.
Important note: With mode monitor both, passive measurements are used to trigger the Out of Policy (OOP) state but the active probing results from the exit interfaces are used with the passive throughput measurement for the traffic class, to select the exit interface.
Mode monitor Fast
This feature was introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.4(15)T as a key component to the Fast Reroute feature.
This mode generates active probes through all exists continuously at the configured probe frequency. This differs from either active or both modes in that these modes only generate probes through alternate paths (exits) in the event the current path is out-of-policy.
With Fast Reroute, the characteristics of the alternative paths are always known, allowing immediate use as required. If unreachable is determined to be out-of-policy for the current exit, the alternate exit that is in policy is selected as the new current exit.
The unreachable threshold is calibrated in number of failed probes per million probe attempts. If the unreachable value is set to 1, a single probe fails on the current exit, an attempt is made to locate a alternate exit. However, if the alternate exits also have a single failed probe, they are not selected because they too are out-of-policy.
The Fast Reroute feature, therefore, allows rerouting actions to be taken, at an interval approaching the configured probe frequency value. Probe frequency can now be set as low as 2 seconds if fast mode is configured. This allows re-routing at slightly more than the configured probe frequency value. The Fast Reroute feature can reroute OOP traffic in as little as 3 seconds.
The obvious drawback to this feature is the potential for adding additional network traffic overhead associated with the probes themselves and additional CPU resources to the PfR border routers, the source of the active probes.
Probes are always generated unless the prefix is deleted or in the default state,.
The active probe results are used for out-of-policy and to control routing. Passive data collected is for information only, the throughput transmit and receive Kbps values (show oer mast border detail) are used for load balancing.
Apply Policy Phase
The apply policy phase compares the measured performance metrics against well-known or configured thresholds to determine if the traffic is meeting specified levels of service, or if some action is required. If the performance metric does not conform to the threshold, a decision is made by PfR to move the traffic class or exit into another state.
Policies can be applied globally, per Traffic Class or even per link.
PfR Features that Enable Load Balancing
Link Utilization
Usage of this policy sets an upper threshold on the amount of traffic a specific link can carry. For example, if the upper threshold for a link is 90 % of total bandwidth, and it is currently running at 95 % of bandwidth, the link is Out-of-Policy (OOP). Cisco PfR will attempt to bring the link back into policy by repeatedly moving prefixes from the over-used link onto other exit links.
Usage of this policy keeps all WAN links within a certain utilization range, relative to each other in order to ensure fair load-sharing across all concerned links. The range functionality allows the network administrator to instruct Cisco PfR to keep the usage on a set of exit links with in a certain percentage range of each other. If the difference between the links becomes too great, Cisco PfR will attempt to bring the link back in to policy by distributing data traffic among the available exit links.
Traffic Class Performance
Usage of this policy enables the customer to define multiple paths that a set of traffic (ie voice traffic) could use as long as all the paths maintain the performance SLA 's that are needed forth at set of traffic. Hence, a policy that determines voice traffic to have a delay threshold of less than 250 msecs can utilize multiple paths in the network if available, as long as all the paths deliver the traffic within its performance bounds.
PfR Policy Thresholds
PfR policies are defined by comparing measurements for each Traffic Class against default or user-defined thresholds. PfR allows to define different policies for each Traffic Class. One TC can have a policy based on delay and loss (typically for critical applications) whereas another TC would have a policy based on load-sharing across exit points.
- Passive Mode:
- As a general rule, Cisco PfR maintains a short-term counter (statistics from the last 5 minutes) and a long-term counter (statistics from the last 60 minutes).
- Active Mode:
- As a general rule, Cisco PfR maintains a short-term counter (statistics from the last 5 probe results) and a long-term counter (statistics from the last 60 probes results).
Cisco PfR Thresholds can be defined in a relative or absolute mode.
- Absolute
- An absolute threshold is compared against the short term delay value which is 5 min for passive mode, or last 5 probes for active mode.
- Short-term counter exceeds the threshold of N msec.
- Used for delay, loss, mos, unreachable, jitter
- Relative
- A relative threshold is compared against the short and the long-term value
- Short-term counter exceeds the Long-term counter by X percent.
- Used for delay, loss, unreachable
- Example for delay: if the short term delay = 120ms and the long term delay = 100 ms, then the percent diff is 20. This value is compared to the threshold value configured in the oer-map (or against the default value)
The following tables gives the base units used for each parameter than can be configured in a Traffic Class policy.
Let's take the loss and reachability policy as an example:
- The loss policy -is expressed in Packets per million
- In passive mode: 100 lost out of 10000 TCP packets equal to 10,000 ppm
- In Active mode: 1 loss out 100 probe packets equal to 10000 ppm
- Reachability is expressed in Flows per million
- Passive mode: 100 unreachable out of 10000 TCP flows means 10,000 fpm
- Active mode: 1 probe fail out 5 attempted means 200,000 fpm
Cisco PfR allows multiple policies to be defined for each Traffic Class. To resolve the potential conflict of which policy to run, PfR uses a resolve function which allows to assign a priority for each policy.
By default, PfR assigns the highest priority to delay policies, followed by utilization policies, but unreachable policy always applies and has a default priority of 0 (cannot be changed).
Here is a list of the available policies:
MC(config-pfr-mc)#resolve ? cost Specify OER cost policy resolver settings delay Specify OER delay policy resolver settings jitter Specify OER jitter policy resolver settings loss Specify OER loss policy resolver settings mos Specify OER MOS policy resolver settings range Specify OER range policy resolver settings utilization Specify OER utilization policy resolver settings MC(config-pfr-mc)#
Each resolve is defined with a priority and inherits priorities from the global configuration mode You can change from the global inside pfr-map and Unreachable resolver has always the highest priority as seen before.
PfR Selects a Policy Conforming Exit by following each of the following steps:
- Gather traffic class measurements for all exits
- Gather link utilization for all external interfaces
- Exits with no measurements ignored
- Measurements applied using priority with variance
- Exits within variance are candidates
After All Priorities Examined:
- If a single candidate - Use single candidate
- If multiple candidates includes current exit - Choose current exit
- Else, randomly choose a candidate
An example of resolvers defined in PfR global configuration mode:
pfr master resolve delay priority 4 variance 20 resolve loss priority 6 variance 20 resolve util priority 8 variance 20
PfR Traffic Class States
The table below summarizes the possible TC states:
|A network prefix may be shown in the default state if it is manually configured or learned, but has not been determined to be in or out-of-policy. Prefixes may revert back to default state if, for some reason, OER can no longer control the prefix. This may happen if all the exits are out-of-policy. The default state means that the parent IP routes control the exit for this destination prefix. This would be the same behavior as if OER were not configured or shutdown.
| The prefix is inpolicy, which means that it meets the policy associated with this prefix or application. The prefix can be inpolicy and being controlled by OER, or inpolicy* and not controlled by OER. The presence of the asterisk (*) on the state attribute indicates the network is known to OER, but is under the control of the parent route. When no asterisk (*) is present, the prefix is being controlled by OER. The state of inpolicy is considered to be a desirable state.
After a few cycles, the Traffic Classes will typically be in the INPOLICY State.
| The prefix or application has been identified as failing to meet its respective policy. If traffic is identified as being out-of-policy, OER moves the traffic to an alternative exit to bring the traffic inpolicy or unmanages the traffic, allowing it to revert back to the default exits as determined by the parent routes in the IP routing table. If the traffic reverts back to the default state, OER will again cycle this traffic, like all other traffic on the network, in an attempt to optimize based on the configured or default OER policy. The state of out-of-policy is considered undesirable.
The prefix or application has been identified as failing to meet its respective policy. The policy parameters (ie. Delay, Loss, etc) are defined in the oer-maps for each Traffic Class.
| The holddown state is enabled when a traffic class is initially controlled by OER. This holddown concept is applied to prevent churning or erratic behavior of OER managed routes from being injected and withdrawn from the IP routing table (and subsequently being redistributed by some IGP) or BGP tables. Once a prefix has been changed, it enters holddown for the specified (holddown) period, before it can be deemed in or out-of-policy. A network prefix can leave holddown state before the timer expires, if the current exit point experiences an unreachable out-of-policy condition. All other out-of-policy conditions are ignored during holddown state.
When PfR makes a route change to a specific TC, this TC will move to the HOLDDOWN state to avoid erratic behavior. The timer associated is the holddown timer defined in the pfr master configuration.
There are two ways to specify what is flagged as an Out Of Policy (OOP) condition in PfR:
- Relative implies the use of short/long term statistics. You specify a percentage and that is used to gauge if a TC is OOP.
- Example: the short-term delay is 120ms and the long term delay is 90ms, then the percent difference is 33 which is compared to the value that you would configure.
- You now have a threshold that is compared only to the short-term delay.
- The short and long term delay are defined as 5min (with fast mode it is 5 probe cycles) and 60min (fast mode definition 60 probe cycles) averages or till the last time there was an exit change.
Configuration Examples
! ! Policies for a Business Traffic Class ! pfr-map MYMAP 20 match pfr learn list BRANCH_BUSINESS set delay threshold 150 set mode route control set mode monitor both set resolve delay priority 1 variance 20 set resolve utilization priority 3 variance 20 no set resolve range ! ! ! Policies for a Best Effort Class ! ! pfr-map MYMAP 30 match pfr learn list BRANCH_BE set mode route control set mode monitor both set resolve utilization priority 1 variance 20 no set resolve delay no set resolve range !
Best Practices
Load Interval and Bandwidth
To provide the most granular and accurate information to the master controller, configure the load-interval on internal and external interfaces on the border routers to the minimum value of 30 seconds. Additionally, the bandwidth statement on the interface should also be appropriately configured.
Passive mode
When Cisco PfR is configured in learn mode/passive, TCP flows must be observed by the border routers to manage prefixes. This means to test PfR in a lab environment, some tool to generate actual TCP/UDP traffic and another to introduce delay, loss, etc,. is necessary to observe meaningful results.


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New poll shows Ryan stumble in first 100 days
CNN's John King shows how Trump's presidency so far has affected the approval ratings for Republican House & Senate leaders in the newest CNN/ORC poll.
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Every day we bring you the top trending videos and news being shared around the web. What's Trending also gives you access to your favorite digital stars and The pulse of what's trending on YouTube. Check out the latest music videos, trailers, comedy clips, and everything else that people are … Trending this Week.
Trending videos are any videos that YouTube users are interacting with at a very high rate. Often these videos were recently uploaded (a day or so ago). As previously mentioned, you can view the current trending videos under the "Trending" tab on the YouTube homepage, even if you're not logged in or don't have an account.
For brands, the goal of creating trending content isn't necessary. It could be a shoot-for-the-stars goal, because if one of your videos goes viral, it could end up on the trending page and thus gain significant exposure to your company. However, silly commercials, like those on the Super Bowl, have ended up as trending YouTube videos shortly following their television debut
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Utah's 'ag gag' law triggers legal case
07/22/2013 1:42amAnimal rights activists filed a federal lawsuit Monday challenging Utah's so-called "ag gag" law.
'Free' trial offer could be costly, woman discovers
07/22/2013 7:45amMany businesses use freebie offers to hook you on their products. But if you sign up for one, you'll quickly learn "free" likely comes with strings.
Sister-in-law honors man's memory by donating bone marrow to child
07/22/2013 9:02amJulianne Grose was contacted two months ago by the National Marrow Donor Program, saying she was a bone marrow match for a child with leukemia. Grose calls it a miracle.
Ask a cop: Is there a rivalry between police and firefighters?
07/22/2013 10:37amHave you ever wanted to ask a cop a question but have either been too afraid or had warrants? Well, now is your chance to ask through the safety of the Internet. Today's discussion is about the police and fire rivalry.
Networking with greater purpose
07/22/2013 10:45amLast July, Brent Klovstad with Enterprise Rent-a-Car received news from his employer that he was being transferred from Orange County to Salt Lake City. He knew less than a handful of people in Utah, but after moving he turned to United Way of Salt Lake's Young Leaders to help change that.
Rockwell exhibit opens at Church History Museum
07/22/2013 11:11amIllustrator Norman Rockwell is well-known for his "Saturday Evening Post" cover art, but he also illustrated hundreds of pieces of art related to Scouting.
A pedestal too high: Is marriage too good for people?
07/22/2013 11:40amWhile many people say they admire marriage and aspire to be married, the trends show otherwise. Can it be that people are expecting the wrong things?
SLC to get taste of Las Vegas nightlife with new entertainment center
07/22/2013 12:01pmDowntown Salt Lake City's nightlife could soon rival the country's finest as a new entertainment center undergoes the first stages of construction.
Body of missing man found, autopsy ordered
07/22/2013 2:31pmThe body of a Wellington man was found Thursday near his Jeep at the bottom of a 300-foot cliff. The Carbon County Sheriff's Office says it appears the man committed suicide, but an autopsy has been ordered.
Utah next in line to get controversial TV streaming service
07/22/2013 4:25pmAnother TV streaming service is going to enter the Utah market come August as Aereo carries out its plan to head west and launch across the state.
2 killed in Salt Lake City shooting
07/22/2013 4:41pmTwo people were killed Monday in a reported shooting in Salt Lake City.
Water at a trickle for some Ogden Canyon residents
07/22/2013 5:07pmOgden city is responding to some unhappy residents in Ogden Canyon who say a water line project made washing, bathing and yard work a terrible chore for some time.
Orem man charged with murder of wife
07/22/2013 5:40pmThe Orem man accused of killing his wife last fall appeared in court for the first time Monday afternoon.
Man says motorcyclist followed him home after violent road rage incident
07/22/2013 5:58pmWhat happens when a road rage incident gets way out of hand, leaving his family scared to be in their own home. One Herriman man was forced to answer that question when a driver started a fight, then showed up at his home to do more damage.
Norweigan woman released from Dubai prison speaks with KSL
07/22/2013 6:40pmDubai officials have pardoned a 24-year-old Norwegian woman who was jailed after she told police she'd been raped.
Man dies in ATV accident in Manti Canyon
07/22/2013 6:59pmA man died Monday in an as-yet unexplained ATV accident in Manti Canyon.
Water levels about 40 percent capacity at Echo Dam Reservoir
07/22/2013 7:23pmMany of Utah reservoirs' water levels are far below normal during this year's drought. State hydrologists have said it will only get worse: Utahans tend to use more water in July and August than any other time of the year.
'Sweet' 5K race to benefit Utah County mom battling rare disease
07/22/2013 7:32pmWhen common cold symptoms turned into something much less common for an Eagle Mountain mother of two, her life was dramatically altered. Now, a local charity is hosting a sweet event to help her battle a rare autoimmune disease.
Some want pre-season MRIs for high school athletes
07/22/2013 7:56pmAlthough the medical community is just beginning to understand the trauma associated with them, many agree more needs to be done, including MRI's before an injury occurs.
House Speaker to decide on possible conflict in Swallow investigation
07/22/2013 8:22pmIt could be just a mild bump in the road for the special committee assigned to investigate Attorney General John Swallow: The Speaker of the House will decide this week whether the chairman has a conflict of interest, or whether he can continue that work.
Partial Verizon Wireless outage reveals tech dependency
07/22/2013 9:06pmThese days, everyone is on a cell phone or some sort of mobile device. When the wireless service went out Sunday, the anxiety piqued.
State's renowned education savings plan hits $6 billion milestone
07/22/2013 9:15pmUtah's renowned 529 programs are continuing to thrive as officials with the Utah Educational Savings Plan announced they reached a milestone.
Woman dies on wedding anniversary hike to 'The Wave'
07/22/2013 10:12pmA 27-year-old Arizona woman passed away while hiking to a popular and exclusive tourist spot in Southern Utah Monday. She was celebrating her fifth wedding anniversary with her husband.
How to crack medical bill codes
07/22/2013 10:16pmIf you've ever had to deal with large medical bills, you probably know the pain of trying to make sense of all the charges. Orem resident Ruth Cuell received a bill for an ambulance ride that she didn't think was fair. A KSL investigation revealed that when it comes to cracking medical codes, the bill doesn't always tell the full story.
Heat takes its toll on Utah's roads and residents
07/22/2013 10:49pmThe lakes and reservoirs are shockingly low. Rivers are drier than they've been in years and the roads are buckling under the blazing sun. Fifteen days of 100-degree weather or higher is causing all kinds of problems, and has people talking about what to do.
After 45 years, ranger still guides tours through Timpanogos Cave
07/22/2013 11:17pmCan you imagine loving your summer job so much that you never leave it? An American Fork man who has spent 45 years leading tours at Timpanogos Cave after taking a summer job there knows exactly what it's like to love a job that much.
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For the last 18 years, the Tennessee Valley Corridor (TVC) has brought together regional and national leaders to discuss topics ranging from economic development opportunities, challenges to technology, energy, manufacturing and everything in between.
EDITOR'S NOTE: This year's Tennessee Valley Corridor Summit, "Securing America's Future," will be held May 29-30 at the Y-12 National Security Complex's New Hope Center in Oak Ridge. Hosted by U.S. Rep. Chuck Fleischmann, it will focus on energy, advanced manufacturing, workforce development, innovation and entrepreneurism. Registration is now open for the event at www.TennValleyCorridor.org.
For the last 18 years, the Tennessee Valley Corridor (TVC) has brought together regional and national leaders to discuss topics ranging from economic development opportunities, challenges to technology, energy, manufacturing and everything in between. This type of regional cooperation is rare, and it has largely been possible because of the ongoing support of many of the region's top organizations in both the public and private sector, according to TVC Summit organizers.
"Not only do our region's top organizations understand the value of working together and talking with each other to leverage opportunities, we know that convening regularly creates synergy and establishes a foundation for collaboration," said Etta Clark, TVC board of directors chair and vice president, Global Public Affairs and Policy for Eastman Chemical Company. "The Summits give us this opportunity to rally around important regional priorities, and to hear other perspectives on topics that are vital to our regional efforts."
Clark said that while the attitude of collaboration is vital, financial support is also necessary to keep the regional organization and the events going.
"Since this is a traveling event that moves throughout the region, we have a long list of sponsors who join us to support the event when it is in their hometown," said Clark. "But we also have our long-time sponsors who have continued their support year after year regardless of Summit location."
This year, the TVC launched a new financial approach — creating two options for those who want to be involved with the TVC. Organizations can choose to support the overall TVC organization and its priorities and advocacy efforts, and/or just a specific event—the TVC Summit.
"The newly established Tennessee Valley Corridor Leadership Council (TVCLC) is a year-long membership and organizations are recognized as event supporters … but, more importantly, they are part of a team that communicates throughout the year to advance important regional topics and benefit from the synergy created with the TVC," organizers stated.
Annual TVCLC membership is offered at Gold, Silver and Bronze levels. Current members include B&W Y-12, Eastman Chemical Co., Tennessee Valley Authority, the University of Tennessee, UT-Battelle, Oak Ridge Associated Universities and UCOR.
Summit event sponsorships are now available at Contributing ($5,000) and Supporting ($2,500) levels.
Sponsors to-date for the 2013 TVC National Summit in Oak Ridge include the city of Oak Ridge, EnergySolutions, University of Alabama in Huntsville, CH2MHill, East Tennessee State University, Cadre5, Pellissippi State Community College, Pro2Serve, Roane State Community College, S.M. Stoller, Tech2020 and USEC.
Membership in the TVCLC is open throughout the year, and sponsorship opportunities for the May Summit are available until May 3, 2013.
If you would like to become a member in the TVCLC or sponsor the Summit, contact Jennifer Wiggins at firstname.lastname@example.com.
"Since the first TVC Summit was held in Oak Ridge in 1995, the TVC has helped link the science and technology assets in the Tennessee Valley into a nationally recognized regional economic development effort," a release stated.
The mission of the TVC is to sustain the region's existing federal missions, compete for new missions and to leverage public/private relationships for high quality job growth.


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Paringi mortgage brokers
The consultants below specialise in home loans, debt consolidation, tax, loan refinancing, business loans, financial planning, insurance and more.
If you're a Paringi mortgage broker & would like to connect with new customers, add your business now.
You may be interested in mortgage brokers across Phillip Island.
Phillip Island mortgage broker results
Right Choice Mortgages and Leasing
At Right Choice Mortgages and Leasing it is our aim to get you into the RIGHT MORTGAGE with the RIGHT LENDER at the RIGHT PRICE.
We are a mobile mortgage broking service, we can come and see you at what time...
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The Money Team has been providing home loans to investors, first home buyers and those needing to consolidate debts for 16 years. Most clients are returning, familiar clients and The Money Team credits its longevity with this fact. The Money Team offers their service...
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You have to expect that at some point you will end up in an emergency room.
It was our first, but I don't think it will be our last.
When you have two sons who both love to run and play in organized sports and just around the neighborhood, you have to expect that at some point you will end up in an emergency room.
For the first time, that point came for us Wednesday night.
We took the boys fishing – something our entire family enjoys. Everyone was having a good time. Blake and I were fishing together in one area and my wife took Dawit to another area. Dawit was enjoying fishing with his own rod and reel. He loves to be able to do things for himself.
Apparently, one of those things he can do for himself is planting a hook in his forearm.
He had been doing great all night. But then Blake and I saw my wife and Dawit come over a hill near where we were fishing. My wife said we had to go, probably to the emergency room.
I had no idea what had happened and there didn't seem to be an emergency. She and Dawit were walking calmly around the bend and everything seemed fine.
Then, as he got closer, I could see the damage. There was a shiny red hook embedded in the flesh of his left arm.
Dawit wasn't even complaining about the pain. He even let me move the hook around a little bit to see if we might get lucky enough for it to slide back out.
But he had set the barbed hook deep and there was no luck that was going to prevent a trip to the hospital.
Blake tried hard to console his little brother. He kept telling him he was going to be okay. Dawit wasn't worried. He said, "If Blakey had a hook in his arm, it would sting a little."
Dawit is tough. If that had been Blake - who is no fan of pain - he would have been screaming and scared to death.
But not Dawit. He watched the entire process and barely winced at the pain.
We were lucky. It was a slow night in the ER. He got in quickly and, after a little lidocaine, he watched the doctor cut away some skin and find the end of the hook to help him remove it.
This kid was "bled" with three deep cuts on his lower back as a tribal doctor tried to cure him of pneumonia when he was a young boy in northeast Ethiopia. So a little digging around in his arm after a few shots of lidocaine was nothing to him.
In order to keep his mind off of the pain, we asked him what he wanted for a treat for being so brave. He could have had anything but all he said he wanted was some Cheetos and a Sprite. So about an hour after we walked through the doors of the ER for the first time we walked into a convenience store to get him his reward.
It could have been a lot worse. Despite the fact that our fishing trip took an expensive turn for the worse, we were grateful that he was going to be fine after the four stitches dissolve.
Hopefully, we don't make a return trip anytime soon.
Kent Bush is the publisher of the Augusta Gazette, the El Dorado Times, and the Andover American newspapers. He can be contacted at: email@example.com


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Obex Acoustical Desk Mount Privacy Panel W/Black Frame; 24" x 24", Natural
Item #: 901-475994OBX
Model #: 24X24ABSIDM
Brand: Obex
Not yet rated.Be the first to Write a Review!
$209.99 Each
Delivery Date:
Enter Zip CodeParcel
Help with furniture delivery, assembly,...Read more + Read less -
protection plans and more.
Plus, you've got choices! You'll find options for those DIYers on a budget, those that want us to do all the work and everyone in-between. Want all the details? Get them right here.
Obex 24" x 24" Natural fabric acoustical privacy panel with a black frame accommodates 3/4" - 2" thick desks without any damage to the surface and is adjustable for convenience. Obex Natural fabric acoustical privacy panel with a black frame provides cross-functionality for maximum performance. 24" x 24" Panel ideal for desk mount is durable and fits in any work environment.
- Tackable natural acoustical fabric surface
- 24"H x 24"W x 0.63"D
- For use with desks
- Black frame
- Require less than 5 minutes to install
- No damage to existing panels or need to dismantle cubicles
- Extenders can be used to ensure maximum privacy and productivity for each work area, separate different departments or bring all cubicles up to the same height for a uniform appearance
- Panels reduce noise levels
- Fits desk tops from 3/4" to 2" thick
|True Color : Midnight Black
|Height in Inches : 24
|Width in Inches : 24
|Tackability : Tackable
|Wall Panel System Type : Privacy
|Furnishing Color : Midnight Black
|Brand : Obex
|Customizable : No
|Weight : 8.00 lbs. per Each


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Bella Thorne is the face of Candie's for a second season in a row! La Cubana-Americana will star in her first television campaign for brand during this year's Teen Choice Awards show on Aug. 10th, 2014, but in the meantime you can feast your eyes on these awesome photos of Bella showcasing her favorite fashion picks from the retailer. Their fall collection features trendy skater skirts, dresses, and floral prints — just in time for back to school.
The 16-year-old actress/singer raved about her new campaign, saying "Shooting my first Candie's commercial was so cool and everyone was super fun to work with." The commercial will also include some of Bella's favorite things like cake, hot guys, pizza — and of course, (cue the aww's) puppies! You can also shop "Bella's Favorite Things" on kohls.com right now .
Amy Kocourek, Kohl's Department stores Executive Vice President of Juniors and Kids said,"We are thrilled to partner with Bella because her bubbly personality and girly fashion sense personify the Candie's brand."
Have you checked out the campaign yet? What are your favorite pieces from the collection?


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Mac...on Neil's web, site he lists the unde
I didn't know Neil had a website
would you pls post it? THX
just read the thread! Geeez talk about spoon feeding!
Neil's 5* plays are automatic. Unless I have an overwhelming reason not to play, I play it and pound it hard.
Another easy winner for Neil. Covers very own way to personally stock your stuffing with green.


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That style, that look, that comfort. These shoes are made for pleasing your feet.
The history of K1X began 1993 in Munich selling t-shirts off the back of a pick-up truck. The brand, which sees itself as a connector between the hiphop and basketball culture, is firmly established in urban lifestyle worldwide and featured in all relevant magazines. In 2002 K1X released their first own basketball shoe – the chiefglider – which was worn by Star-Foward Ron Artest in NBA games. Nowadays K1X is a major player in the global hiphop gear market and the only brand embracing a genuine basketball heritage, which is the focal point in all of k1x' endeavours, past, present and future.


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Purchase products related to this category, Churches & Religious Organizations, online here.
Telefax: No fax number available
Website: No web address available
Biz owner? Moderate reviews or edit listing.
Search entire category for Churches & Religious Organizations
Churches and Religious Organizations, in Rayville, are non-profit institutions that are involved in propagating teachings of Christ , building brotherhood and fighting social vices to promote peaceful co-existence in people across the world.


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Bing online dictionary defines symptom as: indication of illness felt by patient: an indication of a disease or other disorder, especially one experienced by the patient, e.g. pain, dizziness or itching, as opposed to one observed by the doctor.
So, how long does it take from the time symptoms start to get help? With symptoms of a common cold, relief can be found at the nearest supermarket or pharmacy; over-the-counter remedies are as abundant as they are accessible. So on average, I would guess from the time of the first sneeze or cough until the first swig of medicine, were looking at about an hour.
With symptoms of cardiac or other emergency distress, 911 is typically called, and help arrives quickly. Perhaps an average 10 to 20 minutes or so from the onset of symptoms until help arrives, depending on the location of the patient. Shooting pain from a tooth? Most of us will deal with this symptom for only as long as it takes for the dentist can get us in. How about a torn knee ligament on the ski hill? Most likely, we will get that treated as soon as possible.
What about symptoms of depression, anxiety, substance abuse and other behavioral-health conditions? Interestingly, we wait 10 years on average from the onset of symptoms until we get treatment. Why do we wait? One answer is stigma, as defined by the online dictionary as, sign of social unacceptability: the shame or disgrace attached to something regarded as socially unacceptable.
Its true that our culture has not been (historically) accepting of behavioral-health conditions. That being said, I wonder how we can still consider these conditions to be socially unacceptable especially when they are so prevalent nowadays. As evidence of the widespread nature of behavioral health conditions, the National Alliance on Mental Illness reports an estimated 26.2 percent of adults, or about 1 in 4, experience a diagnosable mental disorder every year. What are the consequences of waiting 10 years? Unfortunately, as with any issue, the longer we wait to get treatment, the greater likelihood we have of developing advanced symptoms.
However, as with other illnesses, the good news is that early intervention and treatment has proved effective in treating behavioral-health conditions. As I often write in this column, Mental Health First Aid is an evidence-based set of skills that have proved to be effective in lessening the time between the start of symptoms and getting help.
For more information about MHFA, you can visit National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare at www.thenationalcouncil.org. Locally, Axis Health System provides MHFA training. To sign up for an upcoming training or to find out more information, call Liza Fischer, MHFA training coordinator, at 259-2615.
Additionally, NAMI provides support for families of people in recovery from behavioral-health conditions. For more information about NAMI, including contact information for local and statewide resources, visit www.namicolorado.org.
Recovery can start at any time theres no need to wait.
Mark White is director of quality for Axis Health System. Reach him at email@example.com or 335-2217.


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Gastrointestinal and Urinary
Do you experience nausea, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, dehydration, difficulties with blood sugar, liver issues, gallbladder issues, gastritis, malabsorption, difficulty swallowing, weight loss, weight gain, leaky gut, general problems with nutrition, urinary frequency and bladder dysfunction? Post about these symptoms here.
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