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(a California nonprofit religious corporation)
The Islamic Society of Santa Barbara (ISSB) is a 501(c)(3) independent organization. Its public outreach activities provide religious, recreational, and educational facilities to support the practice of the Islamic religion and foster interfaith understanding to fulfill the spiritual, social, and intellectual needs of Muslims and non-Muslims in Santa Barbara County.
ISSB intends to serve the Creator, the local community, and humanity at large by embodying and instilling values of duty, learning, integrity, humility, service, self-expression, belonging, and contribution. Its innovative, team-oriented leadership also strives to assist members to develop an American Muslim identity, and inform the public about Islam's beauty and compatibility with diverse cultures, ethnicities, genders, and perspectives.
Key points of ISSB's ideological commitments are as follows:
- The sources of Islam are the Holy Qur'an and customs of the Prophet Muhammad (sunnah).
- Islam is a set of philosophical and spiritual outlooks; ISSB does not engage in political activities.
- ISSB is determined to be a resource of peace, justice, informed ethics, unity, faith, worship, knowledge, community, compassion, and technology.
- ISSB does not discriminate on the basis of race/ethnicity, national origin, sex, age, disability, or religion.
- ISSB welcomes men and women alike, and equally encourages them to participate in Society activities. Segregation of the sexes is not a symbol of righteousness; rather, modesty, decency, observation of the prohibitions outlined in the Qur'an and prophetic traditions (hadith), purity of the heart, and clarity of the conscience guarantee successful lives.
- ISSB aims to educate and remind, not to compel, dictate, judge, or classify. Sect and school of thought (madhhab) are matters of personal preference, not community policy. Cultural traditions, man-made rules, ethnic behaviors, etc., are not infallible, and the feelings of all human beings is a matter deserving great attention and respect.
- ISSB activities shall remain open to everyone. The language of public communication will be the language of our land, i.e., English. Arabic may be taught as the language of the Qur'an.
- Section 1: Principal Office. The principal office of the corporation for the transaction of its business is located in Santa Barbara County, California, at such place as the Board of Trustees shall from time to time determine.
- Section 2: Change of Address. The county of the corporation's principal office can be changed only by amendment of these Bylaws and not otherwise. The Board of Trustees may, however, change the principal office from one location to another within the named county.
- Section 3: Other Offices. The corporation may also have offices at such other places, within or without the State of California, where it is qualified to do business, as its business may require and as the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, designate.
Section 1: Powers. Subject to limitations of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law, the Articles and these Bylaws, the activities and affairs of the corporation shall be conducted and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees (the "Board"). The Board may delegate the management of the activities of the corporation to any person or persons, a management company, or committees however composed, provided that the activities and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised under the ultimate direction of the Board. Without prejudice to such general powers but subject to the same limitations, it is hereby expressly declared that the Board shall have the following powers in addition to the other powers enumerated by these Bylaws:
- To select and remove all the other officers, agents, and employees of the corporation, prescribe powers and duties for them as may not be inconsistent with law, the Articles, or these Bylaws, fix their compensation, and require from them security for faithful service.
- To conduct, manage, and control the affairs and activities of the corporation and to make such rules and regulations therefore not inconsistent with law, the Articles, or these Bylaws, as they may deem best.
- To adopt, make, and use a corporate seal and to alter the form of such seal from time to time as they may deem best.
- To borrow money and incur indebtedness for the purposes of the corporation, and to cause to be executed and delivered therefore, in the corporate name, promissory notes, bonds, debentures, deeds of trust, mortgages, pledges, hypothecations, or other evidences of debt and securities therefore.
Section 2: Number of Trustees. The authorized number of Trustees shall be three to eleven until changed by amendment of the Articles or Bylaws.
Section 3: Election and Term of Office. Trustees are elected for four year terms. All Trustees are elected by a majority of the Active Membership voting in an election of the Trustees by a quorum of at least 51% of the Active membership.
Section 4: Removal of a Trustee. Any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, if the removal is approved by the unanimous vote of the remaining Trustees and, if requested by the removed Trustee, ratified by a majority of the Active Membership.
Section 5: Vacancies. Subject to the provisions of Section 9220 of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law, any Trustee may resign effective upon giving written notice to the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, the President, the Secretary or the Board, unless the notice specifies a later time for the effectiveness of such resignation. If the resignation is effective at a future time, a successor may be selected before such time, to take office when the resignation becomes effective.
Vacancies in the Board shall be filled in the same manner as the Trustee(s) whose office is vacant was elected, provided that vacancies to be filled by appointment by Trustees may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Trustee. Each Trustee so appointed shall hold office until the expiration of the term of the replaced Trustee and until a successor has been elected by the Active Membership and qualified.
A vacancy or vacancies in the Board shall be deemed to exist in case of the death, resignation, or removal of any Trustee, or if the authorized number of Trustees is increased.
The Board may declare vacant the office of a director who has been declared of unsound mind by a final order of court, or convicted of a felony, or found by a final order of judgment of any court to have breached any duty arising under Section 9221 of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law.
No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any Trustee prior to the expiration of the Trustees' term of office.
Section 6: Place of Meeting. Meetings of the Board shall be held at any place within or without the State of California which has been designated from time to time by the Board. In the absence of such designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal office of the corporation.
Section 7: Annual Meetings. The Board shall hold an annual meeting for the purpose of organization, election of Trustees and appointment of officers, and the transaction of other business. Annual meetings of the Board shall be held without call or notice on the third Saturday of the month of June at 6:00 o'clock P.M., local time; provided, however, should said day fall upon a holiday observed by the corporation at its principal office, then said meeting shall be held at the same time on the next day thereafter ensuing which is a full business day.
Section 8: Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held without call or notice on such dates and at such times as may be fixed by the Board; provided, however, that a regular meeting shall be held at least once in each consecutive two-month interval.
Section 9: Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board, the President, and any Vice President, the Secretary or any two directors.
Special meetings of the Board shall be held upon seven (7) days notice by first class mail or 48 hours notice given personally or by telephone, telegraph, telex or other similar means of communication. Any such notice shall be addressed or delivered to each Trustee at such Trustee's address as it is shown upon the records of the corporation or as may have been given to the corporation by the Trustees for purposes of notice or, if such address is not shown on such records or is not readily ascertainable, at the place in which the meetings of the Trustees are regularly held. Notice of meetings not herein dispersed with shall specify the place, date and hour of the meeting. The purpose of any meeting of the Board need not be specified in the notice.
Notice by mail shall be deemed to have been given at the time a written notice is deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid. Any other written notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time it is personally delivered to the recipient or is delivered to a common carrier for transmission, or actually transmitted by the person giving the notice by electronic means, to the recipient. Oral notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time it is communicated, in person, or by telephone or wireless, to the recipient or to a person at the office of the recipient who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the receiver.
Section 10: Quorum. A majority of the Trustees constitute a quorum of the Board for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 13 of this Article II. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board, unless a greater percentage is required by law, the Articles or these Bylaws, except as provided in the next sentence. The Trustees present at a meeting at which such a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of Trustees, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for such meeting or such greater percentage as may be required by law, the Articles of these Bylaws.
Section 11: Participation in Meetings by Conference Telephone. Members of the Board may participate in a meeting through use of conference telephone or similar communications equipment, so long as all members participating in such meeting can hear one another.
Section 12: Waiver of Notice. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee who signs a waiver of notice or a written consent to holding the meeting or an approval of the minutes thereof, whether before or after the meeting, or who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to such director. All such waivers, consents, and approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meetings.
Section 13: Adjournment. A majority of the Trustees present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any Trustees meeting to another time and place. Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting need not be given to absent Trustees if the time and place is fixed at the meeting adjourned, except as provided in the next sentence. If the meeting is adjourned for more than 24 hours, notice of any adjournment to another time or place shall be given prior to the time of the adjourned meeting to the Trustees who were not present at the time of the adjournment.
Section 14: Action Without Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board shall individually or collectively consent in writing to such action. Such consent or consents shall have the same effect as a unanimous vote of the Board and shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board. For purposes of this Section only, "all member of the Board of Trustees" shall not include any "interested Trustee" as defined in Section 9413 of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees. Any certificate or other document filed under any provision of law which relates to action so taken shall state that the action was taken by unanimous written consent of the Board of Trustees without a meeting and that the Bylaws of this corporation authorize the Trustees to so act and such statement shall be prima facie evidence of such authority.
Section 15: Rights of Inspection. Every Trustee of the corporation shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kin and to inspect the physical properties of the corporation.
Section 16: Committee. The Board may appoint one or more committees, each consisting of one or more Trustees, and delegate to such committees any of the authority of the Board except with respect to:
- The approval of any action for which the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law also requires approval of the members or approval by a majority of all members;
- The filling of vacancies on the Board on any committee;
- The fixing of compensation of the Trustees for serving on the Board or on any committee;
- The amendment or repeal of bylaws or the adoption of the new bylaws;
- The amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board which by its express terms is not so amendable or repealable;
- The appointment of other committees of the Board or the members thereof;
- The expenditure of corporate funds to support a nominee for Trustees after there are more people nominated for Trustees than can be elected; or
- The approval of any self-dealing transaction.
Any such committee must be created, and the members thereof appointed, by resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of Trustees then in office, provided a quorum is present, and any such committee may be designated the Executive Committee or identified by such other name as the Board may specify. The Board may appoint, in the same manner, alternate members of any committee who may replace any absent member at any meeting of the committee. The Board shall have the power to prescribe the manner in which proceedings at any such committee shall be conducted. In the absence of any such prescription, such committee shall have the power to prescribe the manner in which its proceedings shall be conducted. Unless the Board or such committee shall otherwise provide, the regular and special meetings and other actions of any such committee shall be governed by the provisions of this Article III applicable to meetings and actions of the Board. Minutes shall be kept of each meeting of each committee.
Section 17: Fees and Compensation. Trustees and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services, and such reimbursement for expenses, as may be fixed or determined by the Board.
Section 18: Restriction Regarding Interested Trustees. Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bylaws, not more than forty-nine percent (49%) of the persons serving on the Board may be interested persons. For purposes of this Section, "interested persons" means either:
- Any person currently being compensated by the corporation for services rendered within the previous twelve (12) months, whether as a full or part time officer or other employee, independent contractor, or otherwise, excluding any reasonable compensation paid to a Trustee as a Trustee; or
- Any brother, sister, ancestor, descendant, spouse, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, mother-in-law, or father-in-law of any person.
Section 19: Non-Liability of Trustees. The Trustees shall not be personally liable for the debts, liabilities or other obligations of the corporation and the liability of the Trustees of the corporation for monetary damages shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permitted under California law.
- Section 1: Officers. The officers of the corporation shall be Chairman of the Trustees, President, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the Board, one or more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers as may be elected or appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of this Article III. Any number of offices may be held by the same person except as provided in the Articles or in these Bylaws.
- Section 2: Election and Term of Office. The officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be elected or appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 or Section 5 of this Article III, shall be chosen annually by, and shall serve at the pleasure of, the Board, and shall hold their respective offices until their resignation, removal or other disqualification from service, or until their respective successors shall be elected.
- Section 3: Subordinate Officers. The Board may elect, and may empower the Chairman to appoint, such other officers as the business of the corporation may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such authority and perform such duties as are provided in these Bylaws or as the Board may from time to time determine.
- Section 4: Removal and Resignation. Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the Board at any time or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the Board, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board. Any such removal shall be without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the officer under any contract of employment of the officer.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation, but without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party. Any such resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
- Section 5: Vacancies. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these Bylaws for regular election or appointment to such office, provided that such vacancies shall be filled as they occur and not on an annual basis.
- Section 6: Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board or President, if there is such an officer, shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the Board and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from time to time assigned by the Board.
- Section 7: President. Subject to such powers, if any, as may be given by the Chairman of the Board, if there is such an officer, the President is the general manager of the corporation and has, subject to control of the Board, general supervision, direction and control of the business and offices of the corporation. In the absence of the Chairman of the Board, or if there is none, the President shall preside at all meetings of the Board. The President has the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president and general manager of a corporation and such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board.
- Section 8: Vice Presidents. In the absence or disability of the President, the Vice Presidents, if any are appointed, in order of their rank as fixed by the Board or, if not ranked, the Vice President designated by the Board, shall perform all the duties of the President and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the President. The Vice Presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the Board.
- Section 9: Secretary. The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept, at the principal office or such other place as the Board may order, a book of minutes of all meetings of the Board and its committees, with the time and place of holding, whether regular or special, and if special, how authorized, the notice thereof given, the names of those present at Board and committee meetings and the proceedings thereof. The Secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal office in the State of California the original or a copy of the corporation's Articles and Bylaws, as amended to date.
The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the Board and any committees thereof required by these Bylaws or by law to be given, shall keep the seal of the corporation in safe custody, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board.
- Section 10: Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall be the Treasurer of the corporation and shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained, adequate and correct accounts of the properties and business transactions of the corporation. The books of account shall at all times be open to inspection by any director.
The Chief Financial Officer shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the corporation with such depositaries as may be designated by the Board. The Chief Financial Officer shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the Board, shall render to the President and the Trustees, whenever they request it, an account of all transactions as Chief Financial Officer and of the financial condition of the corporation, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board.
- Section 11: Compensation. The salaries of the officers, if any, shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board, and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that he or she is also a Trustee of the corporation, provided, however, that such compensation paid a Trustee for serving as an officer of this corporation shall only be allowed if permitted under the provisions of Article II, Section 18 of these Bylaws. In all cases, any salaries received by officers of this corporation shall be reasonable and given in return for services actually rendered for the corporation which relate to the performance of the charitable purposes of this corporation.
- Section 1: Execution of Instruments. The Board, except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, may by resolution authorize any officer or agent of the corporation to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable monetarily for any purpose or in any amount.
- Section 2: Checks and Notes. Except as otherwise specifically determined by resolution of the Board, or as otherwise required by law, checks, drafts, promissory notes, orders for the payment of money and other evidence of indebtedness of the corporation shall be signed by the Chief Financial Officer of the corporation. The Board shall determine who shall be authorized from time to time on the corporation's behalf: to sign checks, drafts or other orders for payment of money; to sign acceptances, notes or other evidences of indebtedness; to enter into contracts; or to execute and deliver other documents and instruments.
- Section 3: Deposits. All funds of the corporation shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board may select.
- Section 4: Representation of Shares or other Corporations. The President or any other officer or officers authorized by the Board are each authorized to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of the corporation all rights incident to and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of the corporation. The authority herein granted may be exercised either by any such officer in person or by any other person authorized so to do by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by said officer.
- Section 5: Gifts. The Board may accept on behalf of the corporation any contribution, gift, bequest or devise for the charitable or public purposes of this corporation.
- Section 6: Loans. The corporation shall not make any loan of money or property to or guarantee the obligation of any Trustee or officer, unless approved by the Attorney General; provided, however, that the corporation may advance money to a Trustee or officer of the corporation or of its parent or any subsidiary for expenses reasonably anticipated to be incurred in the performance of the duties of such Trustee or officer, provided that in the absence of such advance, such Trustee or officer would be entitled to be reimbursed for such expenses by the corporation, its parent or any subsidiary. The provisions of this Section 6 do not apply to (1) advances authorized under Section 5 of Article V, (2) the payment of premiums in whole or in part by the corporation on a life insurance policy of a Trustee or officer so long as repayment to the corporation of the amount paid by it is secured by the proceeds of the policy and its cash surrender value or (3) a loan of money to or for the benefit of an officer in circumstances where it is necessary, in the judgment of the Board, to provide financing for the purchase of the principal residence of the officer in order to secure the services or continued services of the officer and the loan is secured by real property located in the State of California.
- Section 7: Maintenance of Corporate Records. The corporation shall keep at its principal office in the State of California: (a) minutes of all meetings of Trustees, committees of the Board indicating the time and place of holding such meetings, whether regular or special, how called, the notice given, and the names of those present and the proceedings thereof; (b) adequate and correct books and records of account, including accounts of its properties and business transactions and accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursement, gains and losses; and (c) a copy of the corporation's Articles and Bylaws as amended to date.
- Section 8: Corporate Seal. The Board may adopt, use and at will alter, a corporate seal. Such seal shall be kept at the principal office of the corporation. Failure to affix the seal to corporate instruments, however, shall not affect the validity of any instrument.
- Section 9: Annual Report. The Board shall cause an annual report to be furnished not later than one hundred and twenty (120) days after the close of the corporation's fiscal year to all Trustees of the corporation, which report shall contain the following information in appropriate detail:
(a) The assets and liabilities, including the trust funds, of the corporation as of the end of the fiscal year;
(b) The principal changes in assets and liabilities, including trust funds, during the fiscal year;
(c) The revenue or receipts of the corporation both unrestricted and restricted to particular purposes, for the fiscal year;
(d) The expenses or disbursements of the corporation, for both general and restricted purposes, during the fiscal year; and
(e) Any information requested under Section 15 Article II.
The annual report shall be accompanied by any report thereon of independent accountants, or, if there is no such report, the certificate of an authorized officer of the corporation that such statements were prepared without audit form the books and records of the corporation.
- Section 10: Fiscal Year of the Corporation. The fiscal year of the corporation shall begin on the first (1st) day of January and end on the last day of December in each year.
- Section 11: Prohibition Against Sharing Corporate Profits and Assets. No Trustee, officer, employee or other person connected with this corporation, or any private individual, shall receive at any time any of the net earnings or pecuniary profit from the operations of the corporation, provided, however, that this provision shall not prevent payment of any such person of reasonable compensation of or services performed for the corporation in effecting any of its public or charitable purposes, provided that such compensation is otherwise permitted by these Bylaws and is fixed by resolution of the Board; and no such person or persons shall be entitled to share in the distribution of, and shall not receive, any of the corporate assets on dissolution of the corporation.
- Section 12: Construction and Definitions. Unless the context otherwise requires, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions contained in the General Provisions of the California Nonprofit Corporation Law and in the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law shall govern the construction of these Bylaws.
- Section 13: Statutory References. All references in these Bylaws to statutes, rules, regulations and similar legislative action shall include such statutes, rules, regulations and similar legislative action as now in effect or as hereafter amended or supplemented and shall also include any successor statutes, rules, regulations and similar legislative actions.
- Section 14: Amendments. These Bylaws may be amended or repealed by the approval of the Board.
- Section 1: Indemnification of Officers and Directors. Each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a part to or is involved in any proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a Trustee or officer of the corporation, whether the basis of such proceeding is an alleged action or inaction in an official capacity or in any other capacity while serving as a Trustee or officer, shall, subject to the terms of any agreement between the corporation and such person, be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent permissible under California law and the corporation's Articles, against all costs, charges, expenses, liabilities and losses (including attorney's fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise tax or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith, and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Trustee or officer and shall insure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executers and administrators; provided, however, that (a) the corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board or is a proceeding to seek indemnity hereunder or under any other agreement with the corporation in which such person is successful (in whole or in part), (b) the corporation shall indemnify such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) other than a proceeding by or in the name of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor only if any settlement of such a proceeding is approved in writing by the corporation, and (c) that no such person shall be indemnified (i) except to the extent that the aggregate losses to be indemnified exceeds the amount of such losses for which the Trustee or officer is paid pursuant to any Trustee's and officers' (or similar) liability insurance policy maintained by the corporation; (ii) if a court of competent jurisdiction finally determines that any indemnification hereunder is unlawful; (iii) for acts or omissions involving intentional misconduct or knowing and culpable violation of law; (iv) for acts or omissions that the Trustee or officer believes to be contrary to the best interests of the corporation or that involve the absence of good faith on the part of the Trustee or officer; (v) for any transaction for which the Trustee or officer derived an improper personal benefit; (vi) for acts or omissions that show a reckless disregard for the Trustee or officer's duty to the corporation in circumstances in which the Trustee or officer was aware, or should have been aware, in the ordinary course of performing his or her duties, of a risk of serious injury to the corporation; (viii) for acts or omissions that constitute an unexcused pattern of inattention that amounts to an abdication of the Trustee's or officer's duties to the corporation; (viii) for costs, charges, expenses, liabilities and losses; and (ix) as to circumstances in which indemnity is expressly prohibited by the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law. The right to indemnification conferred in this Section 1 shall be a contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the corporation for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that if the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law requires the payment of such expenses incurred by a Trustee or office in his or her capacity as a Trustee or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a Trustee or officer, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding, such advances shall be made only upon delivery to the corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such Trustee or officer, to repay all amounts to the corporation if it shall be ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified. For the purposes of this Article V, "agent" means any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or other agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture or other enterprise (including service with respect to employee benefit plans) or was a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or domestic corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor corporation; "proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether formal or informal and whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor, a proceeding brought under the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law, or a proceeding brought by the Attorney General or a person granted relator status by the Attorney General for any breach of duty relating to assets held in charitable trust); and "expenses" includes without limitation attorneys"' fees and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification.
- Section 2: Indemnification of Other Agents. A person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any proceedings by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an agent of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as an agent of another enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, whether the baisis of such action is an alleged action or inaction in an official capacity or in any other capacity while serving as an agent, may, subject to the terms of any agreement between the corporation and such person, be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent permitted by California law (including Section 5238 of the California Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation Law) and the corporation's Articles, against all costs, charges, expenses, liabilities and losses (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement), actually and reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith. The immediately preceding sentence is not intended to be and shall not be considered to confer a contract right on any agent (other than Trustees and officers) of the corporation.
- Section 3: Right of Trustees and Officers to Bring Suite. If a claim under Section 1 of this Article V is not paid in full by the corporation within thirty (30) days after a written claim has been received by the corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit against the corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim. Neither the failure of the corporation (through its Board) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is permissible in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption for the purpose of an action that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
- Section 4: Indemnification Against Expenses. To the extent that a Trustee or officer of the corporation has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding referred to in Section 1 of this Article V or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, the Trustee or officer shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the Trustee or officer in connection therewith.
- Section 5: Advance of Expenses. Expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be advanced by the corporation prior to the final disposition of such proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the agent to repay such amount unless it shall be determined ultimately that the agent is entitled to be indemnified as authorized in this Article V.
- Section 6: Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The right to indemnification provided by this Article V shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, bylaw, agreement, vote of disinterested Trustee's or otherwise.
- Section 7: Expenses as a Witness. To the extent that any agent of the corporation is by reason of such position, or a position with another entity at the request of the corporation, a witness in any proceeding, he or she shall be indemnified against all costs and expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her on his or her behalf in connection therewith.
- Section 8: Indemnity Agreements. The corporation may enter into agreements with any agent of the corporation providing for indemnification to the fullest extent permissible under California law and the corporation's Articles.
- Section 9: Noncompensated and Volunteer Trustees and Officers. The personal liability of any Trustee, officer or other person who serves in the capacity (including any Trustee, officer or other person who serves in like capacity who is a volunteer or serves without compensation within the meaning of Section 5047.5 of the California Nonprofit Corporation Law or of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law), for such person's acts or omissions in the performance of that person's duties as a Trustee, officer or similar agent shall be limited to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 5047.5 of the California Nonprofit Corporation Law and of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law.
- Section 10: Insurance for Corporate Agents. The corporation shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of the corporation against any liability other than for violating the provisions of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law (relating to self-dealing) asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising out of the agent's status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the agent against such liability under the provisions of the California Nonprofit Religious Corporation Law.
- Section 11: Fiduciaries of Employee Benefit Plans. This Article V does not apply to any proceeding against any trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in such person's capacity as such, even though such person may also be an agent of the corporation. The corporation shall have power to indemnify such Trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary to the fullest extent permitted by law, including subdivision (f) of Section 207 of the California General Corporation Law.
- Section 12: Chapter 42 Taxes. In no case shall the corporation indemnify, reimburse or insure any person for any taxes imposed on such individual under Chapter 2 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Further, if at any time the corporation is deemed to be a private foundation within the meaning of section 509 of the Code then, during such time, no payment shall be made under this Article V if such payment should constitute an act of self-dealing or a taxable expenditure, as defined in Sections 4941(d) or 4945(d), respectively, of the Code.
- Section 13: Separability. Each and every paragraph, sentence, term and provision of this Article V is separate and distinct so that if any paragraph, sentence, term or provision hereof shall be held to be invalid or unenforceable for any reason, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or unenforceability of any other paragraph, sentence, term or provision hereof. To the extent required, any paragraph, sentence, term or provision of this Article V may be modified by a court of competent jurisdiction to preserve its validity and to provide the claimant with, subject to the limitations set forth in this Article V and any agreement between the corporation and claimant, the broadest possible indemnification permitted under applicable law.
- Section 14: Effect or Repeal or Modification. Any repeal or modification of this Article V shall not adversely affect any right of indemnification of a Trustee or officer existing at the time of such repeal or modification with respect to any action or omission occurring prior to such repeal or modification.
- Section 1: General. The provisions of this Article VI shall be operative only during a national emergency declared by the President of the United States or the person performing the President's functions, or in the event of an attack on the United States or a disaster making it impossible or impracticable for the corporation to conduct its business without recourse to the provisions of this Article VI. Said provisions in such event shall override all other Bylaws of the corporation in conflict with any provisions of this Article VI, and shall remain operative as long as it remains impossible or impracticable to continue the business of the corporation otherwise, but thereafter shall be inoperative; provided that all actions taken in good faith pursuant to such provisions shall thereafter remain in full force and effect unless and until revoked by action taken pursuant to the provisions of the Bylaws other than those contained in this Article VI.
- Section 2: Unavailable Trustees. All Trustees of the corporation who are not available to perform their duties as Trustees by reason of physical or mental incapacity or for any other reason or whose whereabouts are unknown shall automatically cease to be Trustees, with like effect as if such persons had resigned as Trustee, so long as such unavailability continues.
- Section 3: Authorized Number of Trustees. The authorized number of Trustees shall be the number of Trustees remaining after eliminating those who have ceased to be Trustees pursuant to Section 2.
- Section 4: Quorum. The number of Trustees necessary to constitute a quorum shall be the number bearing the same proportional relationship to the number of Trustees remaining pursuant to Section 2 as the quorum established in Article II, Section 9 bears to the authorized number of Trustees set forth in Article II, Section 2.
- Section 5: Trustees Becoming Available. Any person who has ceased to be a Trustee pursuant to the provisions of Section 2 and who thereafter becomes available to serve as a Trustee shall automatically resume performing the duties and exercising the powers of a Trustee unless the term of office of such person has expired in accordance with its original terms and a successor has been elected and qualified.
- Section 1: Qualifications. Membership of the Islamic Society of Santa Barbara shall be a privilege, granted at the discretion of the Board of Trustees, and open to all Muslims who are in good standing in their community, and who endorse the general policies of the organization. Acceptance of membership shall constitute the member's agreement to strictly abide by and support the mission, policies, bylaws, and rules and regulations of the organization.
- Section 2: Procedure. The following steps must be taken for a qualified person to meet the requirements for membership in the organization:
a) Filling out a membership application form.
b) Recommendation by two active members.
c) Favorable recommendation by the membership committee.
d) Approval by the Board of Trustees.
e) Signing the arbitration clause.
f) Payment of dues.
- Section 3: Types of Membership. The following are the types of memberships which each member of the Muslim community can participate in the Islamic Society of Santa Barbara:
Active Membership
Members, who have served as associate members for one year and have fulfilled their membership obligations, are eligible to be active members by action of the Board. An active member who is over the age of 18 years shall have a vote in the General Membership meetings. Periodic review of the active membership list shall be made by the Board to determine the voting membership.
Associate Membership
Those who have passed the process defined in Section 2 become associate members for a period of one year. During this period, associate members may serve on committees, but are not eligible to vote or hold an office.
Honorary Membership
Honorary membership is recognition of the services of individuals who have contributed generously to the welfare of Islam, and persons who have performed an outstanding service to the progress of this organization. Such an individual shall be recommended by an active member for the approval by the Board. The recipient should not be holding any elected position at the time. Honorary members are not voting members.
Inactive Membership
Any member who does not pay the dues assessed upon him within three (3) months of the notice of assessment shall have his/her voting privilege suspended; any member who fails to pay his/her dues for a period of one year from the date of said notice will cease to be a member. Voting privilege, however, shall be reinstated upon paying the dues and assessments before membership is terminated.
- Section 4: Withdrawal. Any member may withdraw his/her membership in the organization by delivering to the Secretary in person or by mail addressed to the Secretary at the corporation's principal office, a written request to withdraw. The withdrawal becomes effective on receipt of the request by the Secretary.
- Section 5: Termination. A membership may be automatically terminated by the Board if membership dues or assessments, or any part thereof, remain unpaid without proper justification after the expiration of the time of payment thereof prescribed pursuant to or by these bylaws. This automatic termination is final; however, such terminated member may apply for new membership.
Any member who has been convicted of a felony or of a criminal offense involving moral turpitude shall be subject to admonishment, censure, suspension or expulsion from this organization by Board action which is final.
Actions by any member that are deemed contrary to the general interest of Islam or of the mission, policies and welfare of the organization will be a cause for suspension of one or more of the member's privileges or termination of membership. A two-third (2/3) majority vote of the Board is necessary for such action. The member shall be notified in writing and, in case of appeal the decision and ask for a vote by the general membership in a meeting called on the petition of thirty (30) voting members as set out in article 7 and if a two-thirds majority of the active membership present and voting, in a meeting where a quorum is present, approves, the terminated member shall be reinstated.
This is to certify that the foregoing is a true and correct copy of the Bylaws of the corporation named in the title thereto and that such Bylaws were duly adopted by the Board of Trustees and ratified by the voting members of said corporation.


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Interior monologues, the fancy literary term for a character's thoughts in a novel, are another device used in effective writing. Whether long or short—after a scene or peppered throughout—many beginning novel writers want to know specifically how to render a character's thoughts on the printed page. Should they italicize, for instance, or include a "he thought" tag?
You have a few options when it comes to formatting your interior monologues to indicate that it is in fact the character's thoughts and not the narrator narrating:
Italics are used to represent a character's thoughts as they actually think them in their head. For that reason, italicized thoughts are always written in the first person because we don't think about ourselves in the third person and present tense because we don't think about what is happening in the here and now in the past tense. The benefit of using italics for an internal monologue is that they make the thought stand out. It becomes obvious to the reader that these words are the character thinking and not the author narrating. And the thought itself, as well as not becoming confused with the rest of the text, gains extra emphasis.
The trouble with italics, however, is that they can be irksome to read. If you use italics for every single thought in the novel, not just the one-liner thoughts but the longer ones that might run on for several paragraphs or pages, the reader won't thank you for it. Also, because italicizing thoughts gives the words much greater emphasis, the effect you create could turn out to be inadvertently laughable.
The solution, if you want to use italicized thoughts, is to use them parsimoniously. Only write a character's most imperative and moving thoughts in this way. For the rest, use a more elusive manner of presenting internal monologue like non-italicized. The reader will quickly pick up on this convention if you use it consistently. What they would find puzzling would be if you used, for instance, an inconsistent jumble of italics and non-italics for those intermittent emphatic thoughts.
Thought Tags are an alternative to using italics. Like dialogue tags, their only real purpose is to make it clear to the reader that these are the character's thoughts and not the narrator's words. If it is clear without using a tag - either in monologue or dialogue - don't use one. First person point of view, for example, typically does not require thought tags because the "camera" is always behind the character's eyes, and so it is apparent when we hear their direct thoughts.
However, if a thought is written in the third person it may or may not be suitable to use a tag. It all depends on where the "camera" is situated. When the narration is more distant than close you will probably want to use a "he thought" tag. When the narration is close and intimate, and the language is beginning to take on the viewpoint character's own speaking voice, tags won't be needed. Interior monologue thought tags usually appear during the cooler beginnings of scenes and not after they have warmed up.
The Character's Natural Speaking Voice. In a first person novel, you hear the viewpoint character's natural speaking voice openly. In a third person novel, you only hear their direct natural voice in dialogue or in monologue rendered in the first person. For the rest of the time, you hear the narrator's voice, which is less biased, less flamboyant, less colloquial than the viewpoint character's voice. During the cooler, opening section of a scene, any lines of internal monologue are best written fairly neutrally and factually—and they should probably be tagged, too. Once the scene has heated up, the internal monologue (while remaining in the third person) can begin to adopt the individualities of the character's natural first person voice.
Examples of all of the above can be found in published fiction, so in a sense it is a matter of personal choice. The only hard and fast rule that exists is to be consistent throughout. Readers quickly grow accustomed to whatever conventions you have decided to use, and not adhering to those conventions steadily will only confuse your audience.

subset: commoncrawl


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John Molinelli
Professor Abney
Tuesday – Thursday 8:00 am
Sport Management
Volunteer work is something that too often is taken for granted, or un appreciated. In this day in age, volunteer opportunities are plentiful and can help impact the lives of people in such a way that may be hard to understand for others whom may be in a situation of fortune or prosperity.
When I heard about the ten required hours of community service for this class I was extremely excited. In my home town I volunteer as a coach of street hockey every weekend for an incredible group of children on the lower east side of Manhattan, New York. These children are growing up in the same neighborhood that I was born and raised in, facing similar struggles and temptations, I can relate very strongly to them and they can look up to me as one of the kids that "made it" out of the neighborhood. I achieved that with hard work in school, and the sport of ice hockey. As well as being blessed with a family that can afford to do so. I understand not everyone is as fortunate as me, and that's one of the main reasons I love volunteering, especially giving back to my community.
I've also volunteer coached for a team in New Jersey named the Old Bridge Junior Knights. The coaching staff I worked with there was run by Rob Catello. I ran drills with the forwards of the team as a skater to demonstrate drills. I also talked to players in a one on one scenario, to further explain what they should do in certain situations, and why they should do it. An example of this would be if a player stops on the wrong foot, meaning he is facing the boards, and not the play. If a player favors stopping on a certain foot, their skating ability will not improve. I would use that one on one time to explain this so they understand why I am telling them to stop on the correct side, facing the play and not the boards. That experience was very beneficial to me and Coach Rob taught me a great deal about coaching travel ice hockey.
Naturally, when I moved to Slippery Rock, I wanted to continue coaching. I found that opportunity when my ice hockey teammate Matt invited me to coach with his old high school team. I jumped on the opportunity to help coach and get on the ice with this group of high schoolers, because high school is an ideal age to teach sports. The players seem to have a stronger desire to learn. The team consists of nineteen players. Five of which are freshmen, three sophomores, eight juniors, and three seniors. I've been working alongside coach Matt Vicine with the goaltenders on the team. One of the three seniors is the starting goalie, Cam. I've been working very close with Cam on his lateral movement and getting up and down quicker. It's easy for me to help goalies because I used to be a goalie, and beside that I get to shoot at the goalie in specific spots, and watch his movements as a player, as opposed to a coach on the bench. Beside working with Cam, it's also very rewarding to watch the players come together and build chemistry.
I've been coaching with this team since September of 2014. Unfortunately I have not been able to make it to any of the games due to my ice hockey schedule. The practices I have been at are very rewarding. I get to practice my coaching skills while at the same time helping young hockey players mature and be ready for higher levels of hockey. I myself played hockey in high school, travel hockey at the level of AA, and junior hockey at level A, tier III. I hope to continue coaching throughout my life and I will be able to own a junior hockey team one day, and be the head coach of it at the same time.


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Lawrence v. Social Security Administration
Filing 21
JUDGMENT pursuant to 20 Order Adopting Report and Recommendations entered this date, this case is hereby remanded for further proceedings; this a "sentence six" remand. Signed by Judge Susan Webber Wright on 8/16/11. (vjt) (copy of Order & Judgment forwarded to Office of Hearings & Appeals)
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.


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Ep. 009 - The 7 Different Types of Social Media Consultant with Adam Vincenzini
I recently caught up with PR and social media gun and all-round good guy Adam Vincinzinito discuss an article he posted on his popular blog AdamVincenzini.com.The post - titled The 7 Different Types of Social Media Consultant - looked at the varying skill sets social media specialists possess today.Adam wrote the post because he was attending meetings where the topic kept cropping up.I cornered Adam via Skype while he was on holidays on the Gold Coast for a chat about this super-meaty subject - we discuss each of the seven different types of social media specialist - I apologise that it's a bit longer than my usual podcast interviews because the topic is so expansive, I was keen to delve in a bit deeper. If you're interested in the social media space, I think it will be worth your time!MORE: Video interview on PR Warrior Blog


text: Claire Steves Claire StevesClaire is a practicing geriatrician who has recently taken to research to try to understand how some older individuals become frail, while others successfully age. She graduated with first class honours from Cambridge University and Bart's and the London Medical School, and spent several years working the acute medicine wards in central London. Finding so many unanswered questions about how we treat, and how we might prevent frailty, she competed for and won a Wellcome Trust Research Fellowship to investigate the key to successful ageing within older twins.


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Men of the special task force, Operation safe haven, STF, Jos have arrested two women with a four day old baby suspected to have been bought from a yet to be identified person.
Luck ran out of the women when a vigilant passenger, who was travelling alongside the suspected baby traffickers in a public car, raised alarm at the Babale checkpoint 1, in the outskirt of Jos, the Plateau state capital, after she noticed that the new born may not necessarily belong to the women.
Commander of sector 1, operation safe haven, Colonel Musa Etsu-Ndagi, who spoke to journalists shortly after the women were apprehended, said, upon interrogation the Prime Suspect, Miss Doris Ebuburonu who was travelling to Lagos en route Jos from Bauchi, had confessed to have bought the baby for 300 thousand naira, Colonel Etsu-Ndag said "The suspects were intercepted at about 7:15pm on Monday and upon further questioning, it was discovered that Ms Doris had bought the baby from one Mr. Abuna in Bauchi state"
The 39-Year-old Miss Ebuburonu explained that her aunt in Lagos, who has been married for years without a child, had contacted her to get a baby for her. The other Suspect, Mrs. Esther James who is in her sixties, explained that they were former colleagues at the Peoples Clinic in Bauchi and denied any knowledge of how Ms. Doris procured the baby.
Mrs James claimed Miss Ebuburonu who was a former nurse at the clinic, had told her that the baby belongs to her aunt who had just died. Colonel Etsu-Ndagi who later handed over the baby to the anti trafficking unit of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps Jos, Plateau state, assured the corps of the STF's maximum cooperation in apprehending those behind the sale of the baby.
Though the baby appears to be healthy, efforts were being made to subject her to further medical examination to ascertain her true state of health.
-Samson Omale's Blog


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His upcoming show at Revolution will be the release party for his newest mixtape, Starvation, which he believes is his best so far. "I've shown a lot of growth," he says. "I'm extremely excited to be in my city. The event is going to be crazy. I've got a lot of people coming out."
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Why wont it charge up.
I bought the pulse tablet on may 25/16. It will not charge up now.The only thing i did was play empire and allies on it. I bought it at a Walmart in Dartmouth N.S.. I even tried charging it in the computer with a usb adapter and it will not charge. Do you replace or fix them.Please let me know as I did get an extended warranty through Walmart.
Is this a good question?


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Strip-Searched Inmates Lose Bid to View E-mails
MANHATTAN (CN) – Attorney-client privilege prevents prisoners who were strip-searched at the Erie County Jail from viewing e-mails from jail officials, the 2nd Circuit ruled.
Adam Pritchard and other prisoners involved in a class action against the sheriff of Erie County challenged a policy requiring every prisoner to undergo a strip search.
The district court ruled that the sheriff and other jail officials had waived attorney-client privilege to more than 10 e-mails, because the advice of counsel was placed in issue.
Judge Miner ruled that while privileged information may be relevant in a lawsuit, "a party must rely on privileged advice from counsel to make his claim or defense."
"This is an objective, not a subjective test," the judge added, "and reliance upon advice of counsel therefore cannot be used to support the defense of qualified immunity."
Miner vacated the order to produce the e-mails and protected the confidentiality of the privileged communications.


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Basque Info 28/04/10
• Basque Pro-Independence Left calls on ETA and the Spanish government to be constructive
• New campaign for northern Basque autonomy launched
• Campaign for civil and political rights gains momentum
• Egunkaria Five thank supporters and warn about new attacks
Basque Pro-Independence Left calls on ETA and the Spanish government to be constructive
Around 200 prominent members of the Basque Pro-Independence Left took part in a press conference last Saturday in Irunea/Pamplona.
In the document launched at the press conference they set the first steps needed to build the democratic process. The document says: "The democratic process needs the people's pressure in order to make untenable the position of those who want to maintain the current blockade situation and in order to make it impossible any sort of imposition or interference.
The change of political cycle which opens now also refers to the shapes and methods of struggle. The national and social liberation process must be based on exclusively political activity."
The Basque Pro-Independence Left has asked the Spanish government and ETA to respond the Brussels Declaration in a constructive manner. On the 30th March, 20 international leaders signed a declaration read in Brussels by Brian Currin where they demanded that ETA call a permanent and verifiable cease-fire, while the Spanish government should respond appropriately to permit new political and democratic efforts to advance, differences to be resolved and lasting peace attained.
Basque political parties, trade unions and social movements welcomed the outcome of the press conference as a very positive move towards resolving the conflict.
New campaign for northern Basque autonomy launched
Last Saturday Batera, the umbrella group in favour of a northern Basque autonomy launched a new campaign for the coming years with the objective of achieving the official recognition of the French-occupied Basque Country by 2014.
34,000 people took part in a referendum for Basque autonomy in March which according to the organisers shows there are enough conditions to re-boost the campaign.
The campaign would include four different phases including an inclusive and public debate on the type of autonomy, lobbying the French government and an official referendum and local elections to the new Basque Assembly.
Campaign for civil and political rights gains momentum
Hundreds of people packed the Gernika Theatre last Saturday, the day before the 73rd anniversary of the town's bombing, at a very colourful and emotional event.
The event was organised by 'Adierazi EH! / Express BC!' – a platform which was launched to demand civil and political rights last January.
Citizens affected by the Spanish repression for their work in political parties, local councils, youth organizations, language groups...etc came to the stage to denounce those attacks and to tell the Spanish government they will not be silenced.
Adierazi EH! / Express BC! continues to grow and intends to become an effective people's wall to stop attacks against the Basque Country.
Egunkaria Five thank supporters and warn about new attacks
Last Sunday morning in the Euskalduna Conference Hall in Bilbao, thousands of people, including political and social representatives, attended an event organised by the Egunkaria Five to thank the support they have received during the seven years of the judiciary process against them.
The process started in 2003 with the closing down of the Basque language newspaper and the arrest, torture and imprisonment of 10 members of the board of directors. Finally five of them sat at the Spanish Special Court last January accused of being members of ETA for setting up the paper. Just two weeks ago all of them were acquitted.
After expressing their gratitude the Egunkaria Five asked for support and solidarity for those indicted in the Udalbiltza case. This case which will be judged soon will sit on the accused bench 22 local councillors for setting up the first Basque national institution made up of local representatives. They are also accused of being members of ETA for doing so.
Dublin Basque Solidarity protest accuses presidency of European Union of repression and torture of Basque political activists and journalists.
That the Presidency of the European Union is currently "in the hands of a repressive and torturing state" was the message clearly declared on the placards of a demonstration on Saturday afternoon (24th May 2010) in O'Connell Street, the main street of Dublin's capital. The demonstration was organised by the Dublin branch of the Irish Basque Solidarity Committees and was protesting against repression and torture of Basques by the Spanish state, who currently hold the Presidency of the EU. Incidents of repression by the Spanish state included the banning of Basque political parties and electoral platforms as well as arrests of their activists, closure of Basque newspapers and radio stations and arrests of journalists, banning of youth organisations and arrests of their activists and cruel treatment of over 500 Basque political prisoners (another 200 are held in France).
The Dublin branch of the IBSC had organised the protest as one of a series of protests against Spain's current Presidency of the EU while it acts as it does with repression and torture. Another two dates are scheduled for protests in at the Spanish Legation and EU offices in Dublin: Friday 7th May and Friday 4th June, the month that Spain's term of EU Presidency comes to an end. The first is intended also to mark the EU's official day which although on 9th May, is on a Sunday and not during normal office working hours of the Spanish Legation.
29 April 2010
Basque Pro-Independence Left calls on ETA and the Spanish government to be constructive
Posted by Irish Basque Solidarity Committees at 9:10 pm
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Markus Garschall
Expert Advisor
Technology Experience
Competence Unit
Technology Experience
Giefinggasse 2, 1210 Vienna
Field: Contextual Experience
Main Research: User-centered design, Assistive technology, Interaction design, Social innovation
Experience: Markus Garschall has many years of experience researching the relationship between humans and technology. He has participated in several national and European research projects related to the topic of active and healthy ageing, coordinating the projects vAssist (2011-2015) and SUCCESS (2017-2020). In his research he focuses on the the role of technlology in enabling social innovation and the design and evaluation of multi-modal user interfaces. As speaker and organizer of national and international events and workshops, Markus addresses communication and collaboration challenges related to AAL and eHealth innovation projects. Aiming at bringing together stakeholders from research, industry, care and the public sector, Markus is leading a working group on challenges in designing for an ageing society within the national innovation platform AAL Austria.
- 2014-: Expert Advisor
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology / Austria
- 2010-2014: HCI Researcher
CURE Center for Usability Research and Engineering / Austria
- 2005-2010: Research associate
Krems Research Forschungsgesellschaft / Austria
- 2006-2008: Software developer
Voice Business / Austria
- since 2017: Member of management board, AAL Austria
- Young vs old – landscape vs portrait: a comparative study of touch gesture performance
Author(s): L. Wulf, M. Garschall, M. Klein, M. Tscheligi
Journal: Journal of Assistive Technologies, Vol. 9 (2015) ; 136-146
- Symposium on challenges and experiences in designing for an ageing society. Reflecting on concepts of age(ing) and communication practices
Author(s): M. Garschall, T. Hamm, D. Hornung, C. Müller, K. Neureiter, M. Schorch, L. van Velsen (Editors)
Journal: International Reports on Socio-Informatics (IRSI), Vol. 13 Iss. 3 (2016)
- Investigating user-centred design practices in Austrian AAL projects
Author(s): M. Garschall, K. Neureiter, J. Hallewell Haslwanter, D. Bertel, D. Krainer, C. Moser
Conference Smarter Lives 2016, Innsbruck, Austria
Proceedings Pabst Science Publishers; Proceedings Smarter Lives 2016
- Symposium on challenges and experiences in designing for an ageing society. Reflecting on concepts of age(ing) and communication practices
Author(s): M. Garschall, T. Hamm, D. Hornung, C. Müller, K. Neureiter, M. Schorch, L. van Velsen
Conference 12th International Conference on the Design of Cooperative Systems (COOP 2016), Trento, Italy
Proceedings Springer; Proceedings COOP 2016; 327
- Enabling accessibility through multimodality?: interaction modality choices of older adults
Author(s): J. Himmelsbach, M. Garschall, S. Egger, S. Steffek, M. Tscheligi
Conference 14th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (MUM 2015), Linz, Austria
Proceedings ACM; Proceedings MUM 2015; 195-199
- Hands free – Care free: Elderly People taking Advantage of Speech-only Interaction
Author(s): L. Wulf, M. Garschall, J. Himmelsbach, M. Tscheligi
Conference 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI 2014), Helsinki, Finland
Proceedings ACM; Proceedings NordiCHI 2014; 203-206
- The Influence of Age and Device Orientation on the Performance of Touch Gestures
Author(s): L. Wulf, M. Garschall, M. Klein, M. Tscheligi
Conference 14th International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (ICCHP 2014), Paris, France
Proceedings Springer; Proceedings ICCHP 2014; 583-590
- "I Need to Know, I Cannot, I Don't Understand": Older Users' Requirements for a Navigation Application
Author(s): A. Angeletou, M. Garschall, C. Hochleitner, M. Tscheligi
Conference 12th European AAATE Conference (AAATE 2013), Vilamoura, Portugal
Proceedings IOS Press; Proceedings AAATE 2013; 34-39
- Exploring Voice User Interfaces for Seniors
Author(s): S. Schlögl, M. Garschall, G. Chollet, M. Tscheligi
Conference 6th International Conference on Pervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2013), Rhodes, Greece
Proceedings ACM; Proceedings PETRA 2013; 52
Further Information
- Organized conference Back to the future – Visions for age-friendly communities in 2030 and beyond (AAL Forum 2016)
- Organized conference Symposium on Challenges and experiences in designing for an ageing society (COOP 2016)
- Organized conference Requirements meet solutions: How to successfully transfer stakeholder needs in AAL projects (AAL Forum 2015)
- Project homepage SUCCESS – SUccessful Caregiver Communication and Everyday Situation Support in dementia care (2017-2020)
- Project homepage WAALTeR – Wiener AAL-TestRegion (2016-2019)
- Project homepage eWALL – eWall for Active Long Living (2013-2016)
- Project homepage vAssist – Voice Controlled Assistive Care and Communication Services for the Home (2011-2015)
- Project homepage CURE Elderly Personas (2010-2011)
- Publications AIT publications database


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The Legal Aid Agency (LAA), the government agency responsible for public legal funding, requires all advisers working under a legal aid contract in immigration law to be accredited under the IAAS. The IAAS is also open to solicitors and their staff who do not do publically funded work. There are three levels to this scheme.
Information on the Law Society's immigration and asylum accreditation scheme is not easy to obtain. Responsibility for the scheme is divided between several organisations, as follows:
-The LAA requires those providing advice and representation under an immigration legal aid contract to be accredited under the Law Society scheme. The LAA website (now incorporated into the Ministry of Justice's website) is notoriously difficult to navigate but is the place to look for information about the requirement to be accredited (and reaccredited).
-The Law Society. The accreditation scheme is run by the Law Society. The Law Society website is the place to look for information about the requirements of the scheme see here. Guidance on the standards you need to achieve at each level is extremely scant. The current 'Guidance' dated December 2015 simply lays out the broad areas of knowledge and understanding that are required. Please click the following link for access to the the latest LAA Guidance – Law Society Guidance
-Central Law Training. CLT administer the examinations and their website is the place to look for information about when the next round of examinations is scheduled. The website also contains a past paper in each category (i.e. written exam, drafting assessment and interview assessment) for practise purposes.
Further past examination papers are not publicly available. Those attending HJT Training courses will be given access to training materials, including sample questions, not available on the CLT website.


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Are you thinking about mole removal? You may have just returned from holiday and want reassurance that a mole is nothing sinister, or you may have made up your mind that you would like to have your mole removed.
We offer mole removal with a same-day service and can see and treat you during your initial consultation. We can offer this service because our consultations are within state of the art facilities in Birmingham with a fully equipped operating suite on site to allow the full range of procedures under local anaesthesia on a 'walk in, walk out' basis. We are registered with the CQC and offer competitive prices for self-pay patients. Whether it is a mole that has recently changed, or one you just don't like the look of, within a few hours of your consultation, it could be gone forever.
* Please note that results may vary from person to person
Live Surgery of Shave Excision of Mole on Top Lip
See our patient after mole removal
Mole removal from forehead
Mole removal from cheek
Mole removal of two moles on chin
You do not need a GP referral for mole removal, We do however accept referrals from your GP or dermatologist. We also accept patients who are insured with any of the major providers, although you will need to seek pre-authorisation from your insurance company prior to treatment.
We can remove unsightly or worrying moles, cysts and lipomas from all parts of the body.
Xanthelasma are deposits of cholesterol that occur on the upper and lower eyelid. They can be very obvious and are usually very easy to remove under local anaesthetic with minimal scarring, you can read more about xanthelasma removal here.
For more information on cysts – see our page dedicated to cyst removal here.
Skin cancers are increasingly common and it is important to be aware of the risks of sun exposure. Fortunately, most can be treated successfully by excision under local anaesthetic. The priority is to completely remove the tumour, but the cosmetic outcome is crucial. For more information on what to look out for with your mole – read my blog on 'when should you worry about your mole'.
As a plastic surgeon, I take care to plan my excision such that the resultant scars will lie in an area of a natural skin crease or shadow. It is using this sort of planning that plastic surgeons gain the reputation for being able to perform scarless surgery.
No matter what the size or position of a mole, it can be removed with maximum safety and minimum cosmetic deformity using plastic surgical techniques. These range from careful excision and direct closure, through the use of skin grafts to flap techniques involving the movement of tissues from neighbouring skin or from elsewhere in the body.
From our Facebook Live Q&A every Tuesday at 7pm
Should I have my mole removed?
Can you remove a flat mole?
* I cannot recommend everyone at this clinic highly enough. My facial mole removal was exceptionally quick, and six weeks later I literally have a faint hairline scar left. I just wish I had done it sooner. Thank you.


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Simon Fryer, Managing Director of KISS Communications took to the stage at the Product of the Year 2010 Awards to present Caroline Martin, EMEA Marketing Manager at Yale with a Gold Award for its innovative PVCu replacement door and window handles. The event was held at London's Sheraton Park Lane Hotel on Friday 14 May. Simon presented the prestigious award alongside comedian and media personality, Rufus Hound. Product of the Year 2010 Award is the biggest social event in the home improvement and home enhancement calendar and is organised by Housewares Magazine and DIY Week. There were thirteen categories in total, with KISS Communications sponsoring the security & safety products category. KISS was joined by Lakeland, QVC, Stax, Sam's Trade Centre, Cadbury Garden & Leisure, Akzo Nobel, Spring & Summer Fair, EDRA, Top Drawer Home, BEAM and Totally Shows as corporate sponsors of the awards. Yale competed with fellow silver award winners, including Byron CS35D and Master Lock One but was nominated for the gold award for its PVCu replacement door and window handles by a 15-strong judging panel of industry experts. The judges included: John Colley, B&Q ; Nick Hill, Homebase; Nick Sohi, Focus; Nigel Wright, Stax; and Penny Cobb, La Cuisiniere. Commenting on the event, Simon said, "This was an excellent event, showcasing some of the UK's most innovative new products. KISS Communications was delighted to sponsor this award and was our way of supporting creativity in this fast growing sector. Yale's product was a real hit with the judges and we are confident it will be a success with consumers." KISS Communications is one of the East of England's fastest growing integrated marketing agencies. The company provides strategy, advertising, branding, design, digital, exhibitions and public relations services, working with blue-chip companies and successful SMEs. Photo caption (from right to left): Simon Fryer, Managing Director, KISS Communications; Rufus Hound, Comedian & Media Personality; Caroline Martin, EMEA Marketing Manager, Yale.
- Treatt Brand refresh with a contemporary twist
- Amino Branding a global disruptor
- Bacs Enhance digital engagement
- Bayer National integrated campaign
- Cambridge English Global digital campaigns
- Durbin Awareness and profile raising
- IXICO Elevating the corporate brand
- Pizza Hut Delivery Strategic approach to email marketing
- Sun-Pat Peanut Butter #spreadtheenergy
- UNEP-WCMC Reinvigorating a brand


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A Gift from Loch Lomond
Creating A New On-line Brand For Loch Lomond
This exciting project was commissioned by The Oak Tree Inn. The task to bring to life their idea for an e-commerce website selling gifts and experiences that are either about, or made in Loch Lomond. The project was supported by funding from Scottish Enterprise.
A brand was created and developed called 'A Gift from Loch Lomond', providing one on-line platform that can easily market and retail Loch Lomond gifts and experiences. The logo was designed by Hutton Creative. The website can be found at www.giftfromlochlomond.co.uk
We built the e-commerce site and created all of the content that appears on it including, video, photography, blogs and product specifications. At the back-end of the website is a well structured and managed system to monitor stock levels and to quickly and accurately facilitate orders. Here are some examples of a few pages of the website.
Building A New E-commerce Website
Product Photography
The idea for the site came from brothers Stuart and David Fraser, who when launching their Village Shop in Balmaha (which sits next to the The Oak Tree Inn in Balmaha, Loch Lomond) had felt that a gift website would tap into the huge interest around the world for Loch Lomond. By creating a new brand that, although was owned by their business, wasn't tied to it has created a platform attracting many Loch Lomond based businesses to get involved.
Here is an example of the natural style of product photography that we captured for the website.
St Mocha Coffee Retro T-Shirts
The project also encouraged the development of some new products to sell on-line, including some pretty cool retro style T-shirts for St Mocha Coffee Shop & Ice Cream Parlour.
Loch Lomond Chocolate
Another major new product created for the on-line shop was Loch Lomond Chocolate. A series of small and large bars, handmade by a local chocolatier.
You can find out more about Loch Lomond Chocolate on the videos below.
Promoting A Gift From Loch Lomond
The videos that we produced to promote both the website and a selection of its suppliers proved to be an ideal campaign to growing awareness to the new site. The videos were premiered on Facebook and collectively notched up over 100,000 views in just a few weeks.
Here are the videos, starting with the main explainer video for the brand.
Next we showcased two of the suppliers – Loch Lomond Rocks and The Loch Lomond Chocolate Co.
The website – www.giftfromlochlomond.co.uk – has proved to be incredibly successful, easily able to manage large promotions, flash sales etc. Over time the website will grow, bringing in new suppliers and offering an increasing range of products and experiences.
If you are interested in finding out more about video, photography or any other aspect of marketing for your Scottish business or charity please call 01360 661029


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February 18th 2013 10:13:06 PM
Pavlovian PavlovicPosted by Julia Gorin
I hadn't realized that "Dr." Srdja Pavlovic, self-loathing and unadmitted Serb, was part of the "international expert team" of that Canadian "genocide research" outfit run by Bosnian Muslims. I'm wondering if that happened before, or after, he sided with the institute in having another professor kicked out of Canada. But it helps explain his views and, vice versa, his views explain the affiliation. I guess I wasted time and cyberspace in 2011 responding to this vested individual. Anyway, I found out that additional detail about Pavlovic from this item that Liz circulated last week, highlighting the following paragraph from Pavlovic's response to Simon Wiesenthal Center's Dr. Simon Samuels thanking the Montenegrin government for its stance on religious freedoms:
Remarks: Meeting Samuels and Djukanović
Institute for Research of Genocide, Canada 14/02/2013
Under the premiership of Milo Djukanović (multi-term prime minister since 1990) the government of Montenegro had preached tolerance while it often practiced and/or tolerated extremism, nationalism, chauvinism, and the hatred of the unwanted other. Djukanović's government had failed to protect the citizens of Montenegro of Islamic faith when they were molested, tortured, and ethnically cleansed in the early 1990s by various paramilitary units. The role played by the Montenegrin police forces in those crimes is yet to be properly assessed. Moreover, it was the government of Milo Djukanović that ordered its police forces to locate, arrest, and hand over civilian refugees from Bosnia to Radovan Karadžić's killers. A singular focus on one specific issue, such as the government's attitude toward the Jewish community in Montenegro does not compensate for the lack of awareness of a historical record. It, however, disregards the large chunk of recent history that represents an unpleasant burden for the Montenegrin government and its multi-term prime minister. Those are my reasons for objecting to your expressing the gratitude to the Montenegrin government in this specific way.
Remarks following the meeting between Dr. Simon Samuels and the Prime Minister of Montenegro, Milo Djukanović
Dr. Srđa Pavlović teaches modern Balkan history at the University of Alberta. [God help us.] His work focuses on nationalism and identity construction. [God help us.] Also Dr. Srđa Pavlović is the Member of the International Expert Team of the Institute for Research Genocide, Canada.
So, to waste a little more time and cyberspace, let me point out that, aside from Pavlovic discrediting himself with his implication that "civilians" were being "killed" by Karadzic's forces, as usual we encounter a contradiction which nonetheless results in no reassessment of the narrative. Isn't there a chance that, if a government treats Jews well before, during and after wartime, that the things it's being accused of doing to Muslims aren't all they're cracked up to be? While Serbia's and Montenegro's record on Jews — including during the 90s wars — was good, Croatia's, Albanian Kosovo's and Bosnia's were not. And yet we're supposed to believe that the Muslims and Croatians were the abused rather than the abusers. Similarly, the corollary: Isn't it possible that it was something real that Serbia and Montenegro were responding to, given — as an indicator — the anti-Jewish climates that were bubbling up in Croatia and Bosnia? Especially since, historically, anti-Jewish developments and anti-Serb developments are mutual harbingers of each other? Isn't it possible that the Yugoslav republics that were going in an anti-Jewish direction were not the underdogs, but — as in virtually every other case in history — the aggressors?
Djukanovic's reprimand is part of a dark trend on another level too. We're living in a time when nations that are good to Jews are scolded for bad treatment of Muslims. Muslims, who want to see Jews gone. It doesn't take a visionary to see where this is going, and how it'll end. Again. Governments and nations will fall in politically correct line and protect the Jew-haters, by way of the false projection of "discrimination" against Muslims.
I wasn't going to read the rest of Pavlovic's letter to Samuels, but I made myself do it, and stumbled upon this additional illuminating paragraph by Pavlovic. It certainly lends strength to any temptation to dismiss him:
The second issue has to do with the invitations you extended to Milo Djukanović to speak at the Museum of Tolerance in Los Angeles…
Since his first day in office (elected to the post of prime minister in 1989) Djukanović called on all the patriots to rally around the Yugoslav Army and protect the motherland form the predatory Croatian neighbour. [Yeah, and?] While justifying the participation of Montenegro in the war of Yugoslav dissolution, [as supposed to virtuously standing idly by or, better, joining the dark side?] Djukanović also had harsh words for anti-war activists. He stressed that "one cannot wave an olive branch while the Serbian people in Croatia are being slaughtered, massacred, raped," and declared that the aim of the [war] was "to liberate the oppressed Serbian population from under the fascist terror of the Croatian authorities." [Why is that a punch line when Serbs are being abused, but reverential when he's writing about Muslims being abused, and Serbia being the fascist terror?] He famously declared that because of his dislike of the Croatian chequered flag, he stopped playing the game of chess, and promised to the people of Montenegro that time had come to "draw the demarcation lines vis-à-vis the Croats once and for all."
This gives me a new found respect for Djukanovic, though by now he's become just another Washington puppet purchase. Pavlovic appears to be a member of the bleeding-heart cliche that doesn't believe there is anything worth defending and so war is never justified, even when it's being imposed on you by Croatian clerical-fascists, Bosnian Muslims with a fundamentalist leader, or domestic terrorists ambushing officials, police and civilians in Kosovo. And, of course, the more obvious point: He's defending Croatia and its fascist flag. This guy has made it all too easy to dismiss him wholesale. And the cherry on top:
One further wonders what some of the previous distinguished speakers from that stage would say to the invitation being extended to Milo Djukanović? I would like to think (call me naïve and idealistic) that Havel, if he were still with us, might object to it. I most certainly do.
The Czech president he picks as a beacon of virtue is this one:
In a speech to the Canadian Parliament, Czech leader Vaclav Havel praised the Yugoslav war as "an important precedent for the future," saying that "state sovereignty must inevitably dissolve" and nation-states will be transformed into "civil administrative units."
Which would seem to contradict Pavlovic's (supposed) anti-war stance. Perhaps, since there's nothing on the earth worth defending, only defensive wars are never justified, but aggressive wars are OK?
Pavlovic's characterization of Djukanovic also underscores another theme that we keep revisiting: The fact that Pavlovic and the genocidaires are giving Djukanovic a hard time, even though he has severed Montenegro from Serbia; imposed a "Montenegrian" nation using Ustasha templates* (and Croatian linguists who codified his "Montenegrin language"); and empowered** the KLA and "Bosniaks", just goes to show that one can NEVER please these totalitarians, no matter what.
* During WWII, there was a Montenegrin Ustasha sympathizer named Sekula Drljevic, who basically wrote reams of propaganda about how Montenegrins are actually a lost tribe of Catholic Croats, and how the evil Schismatic Serbs stole their land, faith and culture, etc. It was complete rubbish, of course, but it served Pavelic and Hitler nicely. So when the time came for Djukanovic and his cronies to create a "Montenegrin identity" separate from Serbs — on orders from the U.S., which has bankrolled him at least since 1998 — they decided not to reinvent the wheel, and simply recycled Drljevic's drivel. Pavlovic has been doing the same thing.
** For Montenegro's 2006 independence referendum, the EU mission had said the separatists needed 55% of the vote, so they got precisely that. By striking Montenegrins residing in Serbia from voter rolls; by flying in Albanians from New York; by getting Albanian, "Bosniak" and "Croat" (the coastal Catholics classified as "Croats" under Tito) votes; and finally by buying votes outright. Two years later Djukanovic recognized Kosovo statehood and has the most cordial relations with Thaci the Thug.
I'd written the above update on Feb 19th and today, Feb. 20th, I see that in a Feb. 14th email from Liz, she informs me that Pavlovic is in fact an admirer of Sekula Drljevic. To repeat, Drljevic was a WWII fascist Ustasha sympathizer and Montenegrin separatist. So let's underscore the fact that Jewish leaders should be warned to know such things, and to be very wary when Bosniaks and their sympathizers try to involve Simon Wiesenthal Center or any other Jewish organizations as expert advisers or sympathizers. Indeed, Dr. Samuels should have a sense of whom such a letter comes from, and dismiss it forthwith.


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Please tell her to take pity on us plastic crack addicts.
Please tell her to take pity on us plastic crack addicts.
My 8 year old son got his late today at my mom's house. He played with it a little today. To much going on for deep play. Pops up easy like in the videos. He seemed to like it the play features. It seemed sturdy enough. I'll give a more details as he plays with it more.
Late last year, we brought you word on the ReadySetz Urban Playset, a large, fold-out diorama style playset with a ton of playability.
We're excited to share word that ReadySetz has announced a new diorama playset, the Space Playset! If it's anything like their Urban offering, then it's sure to be a hit! The project will be coming to life via a Kickstarter Campaign, so make sure to follow the ReadySetz Facebook Page for more details. We'll of course bring you the latest scoop as it becomes available.
Will you be getting in on the ReadySetz Space Playset?
Well, this obviously has my attention.......
Same! I'll definitely be getting in on this! I NEED a Space playset, especially with my newly rekindled Star Brigade fetish!
Lobotomaxx is coming for you!
As a matter of fact, Lobotomaxx was the first to arrive!


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Lucid Samples Classic Hip-Hop Instrumental WAV | 1.29 GB
Classic Hip Hop Instrumental is a tool that will enable you to create complete instrumental lines. You will find here a scope of instruments like basses, keyboards, pianos, organs, guitars, ethnic instruments, wind instruments, classical instruments, strings, choirs, orchestral sounds and many synthesizers sounds. This mega-pack opens before you quite an enormous view for creating music; 2,5 GB of material in Wav format!


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Iron Mountain this week rolled out a service it says will help customers manage key records across corporate repositories.
The Iron Mountain Retention Center is a Web-based hosted service that lets organizations manage, monitor and audit their systems and repositories. Iron Mountain says that such a service is necessary because many companies have difficulty implementing retention policies and managing information to meet compliance obligations. The lack of automated controls makes administering retention activities inconsistent and difficult to enforce.
The Retention Center is accessed via Iron Mountain's customer portal. The hosted service is expected to be available in the first quarter of next year.
The company also announced a partnership with Microsoft to collaborate on e-records management. Based on Microsoft's upcoming Office 2007, the companies will build a e-records management package that will let customer apply classification and retention policies to documents and automatically archive SharePoint and Exchange Server records.