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EXPLANATORY INTRODUCTION: This declaration has arisen out the recent conference in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, hosted by the Anuvibha Jain organisation, in which eminent educators and peace activists from across the world, and from India, were invited to come together and discuss models for a peaceful, nonviolent and sustainable world society. After several days of discussion, the following Declaration sums up the fruits of our deliberations, and is couched in the form of the Anuvrat concept of small vows (anuvrat), to be undertaken by non-specialist religious practitioners, who want to help mankind advance to a more peaceful path. The declaration consists of a number of "small vows" which are realistic and feasible, and which apply to the many areas of life we discussed at the conference, and in which human beings are experiencing violence and suffering at the present time. Not all of us could hope to adhere to all these vows, and some of them are really quite large in their implications. We issue them as a kind of guidepost to how we might achieve a peaceful and nonviolent world, and how each of us, in our own sphere of activity, can play our part. Everyone is welcome to make use of this Jaipur Declaration in their own geographical or spiritual community, and to add in clauses or additional small vows which you find appropriate. Those of us attending this conference came from Jain, Buddhist, Hindu, Christian, Islamic, Jewish, Secular, Humanist, Gandhian, Druid, New Age, Shinto, and many other spiritual and intellectual paths, as well as from many countries, languages, and regions of the world, and also from many different professional backgrounds. The Declaration is conceived as a flower with 9 petals and a central area. Each petal concerns a particular area of importance that needs working on, as we see it. We invite you collaboration with this project. Together, we can share the fragrance of the 9 Petalled Flower of peace and transform the violence that the planet is experiencing, into a passing phase, ushering in a deeper era of peace and enlightened wisdom. We hope children and artists can draw and paint on walls, murals and websites all around the world, this 9 petalled Flower of Peace and get our message of hope out into circulation far and wide.
PETAL 1. HEALING: We vow to abstain from actions and habits causing ill health or illness to ourselves or others. We vow to adopt a healthy diet and lifestyle. We vow to use our medical knowledge to help alleviate suffering and illness. We vow to research all health regimens and medicines that assist healing. We vow to understand the spiritual bases of health and well being. We vow to help find healing for those suffering from mental illness. We vow to abstain from medical research that harms patients or animals. We vow to explore complementary and preventative medical models for healing that involve treating the whole person, in a peaceful and nonviolent way, and take account of the complex emotional, psychological and spiritual needs of the patient.
PETAL 2. POLITICS: We vow to abstain from corrupt political practices; we vow to tell the truth in all our political dealings. We vow to work for the well being of all society, local, regional, national and international. We vow to find the best practices for peace inherent in any political system – democracy, aristocracy, monarchy, ecological politics, world federalism etc. and to find ways for all of them to work towards planetary political well being, global justice and peace; we vow to abstain from all violence of thought word or deed to advance our political goals; we vow to search out a global politics of enlightenment.
PETAL 3. PHILOSOPHY: We vow to work to synthesise, reconcile and appreciate the best aspects of all philosophical schools of all ages and peoples. We vow to abstain from negative criticism, attacking or denigrating other's thinking or philosophical systems to instead seek to draw out the seeds of enlightenment embedded within them all; we vow to practice the love of
PETAL 4. EDUCATION: We vow as teachers and students to seek to advance our highest possible knowledge and enlightenment in a cooperative truth seeking spirit; we vow to abstain from violence in all educational settings, including rudeness, bullying, abuse, verbal violence, subtle manipulation, humiliation and corrupt misuse of power, or undermining (of either pupils or teachers). We vow to actualize the highest educational potential within us all. We vow to help advance towards a world which spends more energy and funds on education than on militarism and defence. We vow to include peace education in all schools, colleges, universities. We vow to develop appropriate curriculum models for planetary enlightenment including global values and spirituality, truth, nonviolence, cooperation and emotional wisdom and love. We vow to favour arts in education (music, fine art, dance, poetry, drama, literature) as much as scientific and technological education, recognizing that all human beings have aesthetic needs stemming from our spiritual natures. We vow to include playfulness, humour, kindness, and emotional wisdom in our teaching and learning experiences. We vow to de-emphasise competitiveness as the sole criteria for educational excellence, and instead to honour cooperation, group activity, citizenship skills, communication, empathy and social responsibility as part of true education. We vow to work to include spiritual, ethical, moral, philosophical and religious knowledge as an important part of educational provision ion all contexts, and that the idea of value free knowledge is logical impossibility.
PETAL 5. SCIENCE AND ECOLOGY: We vow to abstain from scientific research based on violent experimentation against animals or humans; we vow to acquire and use our scientific knowledge to help advance human well being, happiness and moral intelligence, and to free mankind from the threats and fear of violence. We vow to develop social and natural sciences conducive towards a planetary civilisation capable of peace; we vow to end the huge expenditures on scientific research for military weapons and defence, and to see instead a shift of expenditures towards socially beneficial sciences for social and ecological development in a world based on peace and nonviolence. We vow to work for a world in which all universities have more funding available for peace orientated scientific research, than for military oriented scientific research. We vow to assist the development of a career path fro
PETAL 6. BUSINESS, WORK, ECONOMICS: We vow to abstain from economic violence, exploitation and oppression against others (and ourselves); we vow to work towards a world where everyone has enough for their need but not for their greed; we vow to work, in whatever our professional capacities, whether as lawyers, judges, teachers, architects, civil servants, bankers, financial experts, in retail, management, business, agriculture, tourism, the arts, IT,
PETAL 7. MEDIA: We vow to produce and consume responsible media that shares the good news of the human story as well as the bad news; we vow not to produce or consume media that discourages, disheartens, misinforms or de-energises people, but to seek out news that inspires, enthuses and informs people, giving them hope in the possibility of a better world; we vow to abstain from disseminating media stories based no lies, falsity, half-truths, we vow to
PETAL 8. FAMILY AND GENDER: We vow to abstain from violence in the family and in all gender based relations; we vow to celebrate the beauty and magical of sexuality and to engage only in lawful, non-violent, loving and sublime sexual experiences, and to abstain totally from all sexual violence, include rape, violation, exploitation or sexual abuse of any kind; we vow to build loving and faithful families and marriages in which children can feel secure, loved and appreciated. We vow to try and understand the mysterious power of love in our personal and
PETAL 9. RELIGION: We vow to work for the healing, reconciliation and mutual understanding of all religious and spiritual disciplines; we vow to work for a world of inter-religious and intra-religious peace, where religious violence becomes unthinkable and incomprehensible; we vow to work to help religions mediate their differences by forming peace teams of mediation practitioners from their ranks committed to ahimsa and nonviolence in action; we vow to help everyone to focus on common core spiritual values and practices rather than focusing on differences and trivial contingent peripheralities; as religious practitioners we vow to abstain from all religious violence of thought, word or deed including preaching of hate or hate crimes; we vow instead to pray for the divine mercy to come
FLORAL AXIS 10. PEACE AND NONVIOLENCE: We vow to work for the transformation of all military forces worldwide into minimalised non-offensive defence forces. We vow to transform all military intelligence forces worldwide into peace gathering and conflict resolution services. We vow to transform all police forces and security services into violence prevention patrols and neighbourhood self-esteem community outreach workers. We vow to transform our prisons into moral re-education centres where prisoners are taught the tools for personal ethical transformation and where restorative justice replaces punishment or
retribution; we vow to enable military engineers and scientists worldwide to change their career paths to high-tech peace related industries. We vow to shift budgetary expenditures of military forces worldwide towards sustainable development expenditure for a peaceful world. We vow to enable military forces to train up brigades of environmental forces equipped to handle environmental disasters such as the Fukushima disaster. We vow to remove nuclear weapons from planet earth and to explore non-nuclear sources of energy so that we can remove nuclear power as a necessary source of power worldwide. We vow to transform the world from a conflict ridden, over militarized planet, into one in which tiny defence forces operate largely as peace education reminder remnants, with military museums showing the tragedies of world wars and in which our military bases are transformed into centres for non-violence training and conflict resolution skill sharing and cultural and artistic workshops and
areas of productive and creative activity. We vow to work for a world in which military conscription is replaced by social civilian services in which young people give their time for socially beneficial activities for a couple of years instead.


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The Audio-Technica U853 series of microphones is considered by many choral directors the standard in capturing the natural sound of choirs and ensembles of all sizes. Available in a few different variations, the 853A is both affordable and unobtrusive. Not to mention flexible when it comes to the application. If your needs are for a fixed location - the 853A package includes an angled clip allowing the microphone to hang naturally from the ceiling or stage location. This is perfect for churches, or a simple in-classroom recording setup. Or if your needs are to have a more portable setup the U853 comes with an adaptor for a microphone stand that will allow it to be positioned in the proper location for your ensemble. In addition to being available in both black and white (which is perfect for churches), the U853 is available in configurations for phantom power or battery operation.
Positioning the microphones properly is also extremely important, and having the flexibility to adapt to any situation is the hallmark of a quality microphone stand. A boom stand is necessary for this type of application due to the ability to extend higher vs. a traditional straight microphone stand. The ProLine MS220 stand is the perfect choice for this application. It's adjustable to a height up to 67" and with a reach of another 30" with the boom arm. The tripod leg design allows for a stable footprint and easy storage and is available in both traditional black and silver/chrome finishes to blend in with any type of setting.
Connecting your microphones to a mixer or computer interface will require quality microphone cables. The LiveWire brand is synonymous with strength and durability needed for a school application. Specifically the Advantage Series EXM cables come in lengths up to 100-ft. which should be plenty of options for your unique setup. One word of warning - find your length of cable that is likely more than you'll need, but not so much more that you have excess cable lying all over the stage. Keeping the cables neat and tidy as they run across the stage is a key both visually and for safety. Depending on the placement of your mixers, and the amount of cables running from your stage (like digital pianos, handheld microphones etc) it might be worth investing in a simple 8-channel or 16-channel snake to keep both your stage and pathways clear of multiple cables.
The final piece in our signal chain is the mixing board. For the sake of this overview, we're going to stick with an unpowered mixer that can be used for either in-classroom recording or simple sound reinforcement via powered speakers. The discussion of speakers is filled with a lot of options depending on every individuals needs/budget. So sticking with the idea of a general application let's stick with an unpowered mixer with up to 16-channels.
There are two schools of thought when it comes to something for basic school use. An analog mixer with all the knobs and faders, maybe some build in options for effects, and a few options for sound output to either a computer, other recording device or speakers. The Harbinger Series of analog mixers represents a fantastic price point - and the 12-channel version would be a fantastic choice for a small to medium sized application without much output flexibility. Yamaha also makes a wide range of analog mixers with options ranging from relatively small to pretty large.
Ultimately the flexibility and wide range of options in a digital mixer might be the better choice. Along with simple one-touch recording capability to your computer and built in studio-quality effects, many digital mixers (even the smaller ones) can be controlled with an iPad. This now opens up the opportunity to mix your choir's sound not just just the sound board position but from anywhere in the room you wish. Mackie makes a nice line of affordable digital mixers - assuming that you're comfortable with the idea of not having very many faders to move and knobs to turn! With an affordable price point the 16-channel PreSonus mixers are also a great choice that combine the digital flexibility with traditional faders. One note about the digital mixers - you have the ability to set up 'presets' or scenes so you can recall your perfect settings for each room or hall at the touch of a button. A final benefit of a digital mixer is the easy connection to record and play back from your computer. Imagine recording your choir with the press of a single button direct from the mixer, and then playing back that recording as a way to test your speakers and check the sound of the room. If the digital mixer is within your comfort zone and budget - it's a worthwhile choice.
Getting a natural, warm and well-blended choral sound from your ensemble takes dedication and hours of rehearsals. Make sure you're capturing this sound appropriately and giving your audience the best possible performance with the right choral microphones, durable cables and stands along with a flexible digital mixer. Good luck!

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Hemp and Marijuana Fact Sheet
The Federal Government gave farmers thirty billion dollars of subsidies and tax incentives to control crop production in 1994. At $200 an acre, this represents 150 million acres of farmland taken out of production. Legalization and cultivation of Hemp as an industrial raw material and food source will generate $250 billion dollars annually. This can create three million farms of fifty acres each with an annual income of over $80,000. One hundred fifty million acres of hemp will yield between 200 and 600 million tons of seed and between 600 million and one billion tons of stalks.
Hempseed is classified as a strategic food source in America. (Executive order #12919) As a Strategic Food source Hempseed is stockpiled by the government but denied to its citizens. Hempseed is accepted as the most nutritional plant food source on the planet. It has been used as an important staple for man and a major animal feed for livestock for thousands of years. Hempseed is 23% protein and 35% essentials oils. Hempseed contain all eight essential amino-acids and the protein concentration exceeds most cuts of beef. The protein in Hempseed are digested easily without most of the problems associated with beef. The essential fatty acids strengthen our immune system, reduce cholesterol and plaque buildup in our arteries.
Hempseed oil and hemp flowers have been used as medicine for over three thousand years. Hemp is presently being used in Europe for cancer, HIV and other immune and nutrient blocking diseases. Hempseed can be legally imported into America, however, the government requires all the Hempseed to be heated which kills the seed and destroys much of the nutritional value. The process increases the price fourfold and increases the chances of the food source spoiling.
As a feed for livestock, Hempseed is a healthy alternative to hormones and remnants. The hormones and remnants fed to beef in America have caused Europe to ban all imports of American beef. It is also likely for the spread of BSE in our population and food chain. Europe banned the feeding of remnants to livestock in the late 1980s because of BSE. BSE in humans leaves calcium deposits in the brain and mental deterioration similar to Alzheimer's disease. BSE is verified through autopsies of Alzheimer's victims. As of two years ago, random autopsies yielded 6% BSE for Alzheimers diagnosed victims. Remnants are also a major components of pet food. Tumors are now a major cause of death in our pets. The FDA is used to hide this information from the public. It is just business. The FDA turns out to be an illusion that protects the public from corporate misconduct. This statement illustrates the true function of the FDA. "The laws, you espouse, are there for show and enforced when it suits your agenda." The FDA has done nothing but promote the problem by approving BGH (BOVINE GROWTH HORMONE) from Monsanto which encourages the feeding of remnants to livestock as a discount source of nutrients. Remnants are a multi-billion dollar industry in America. Attempts by dairies to label milk (hormone free) resulted in lawsuits from Monsanto. Our government is suppressing this information under the commerce code. It is just business as usual.
This is a vivid example of government promoting economic interests over the health of its citizens. This is an important lesson to American citizens to demonstrate the value of an informed citizenry in a democracy over stupidity. It is also a slap in the face to anyone that believes the government cares if you get high or not. Hemp prohibition is an economic agenda.
Hemp stalks are 25% fiber and 75% cellulose or hurds. The fiber per acre exceeds cotton in strength, yield, durability, versatility and quality. Hemp is pesticide free where cotton consumes half of all agricultural pesticides in America. Hemp stalks yield three times the fiber per acre as cotton. That fiber turns out four times stronger by weight than cotton. Hemp clothing is warmer, more durable and cheaper to make than cotton clothing. Historically, hemp sails and canvas were preferred to cotton because hemp is four times stronger by weight. In fact, the word canvas is derived from the word cannabis.
Hemp hurds produce four times the paper per acre as timber. Hemp paper is better quality, cheaper to manufacture, a renewable industrial raw material, and environment friendly. Hemp pulp is processed with hydrogen peroxide where timber based paper is processed with sulfuric acid. The timber-pulp process is a major industrial pollutant while hemp-pulp is almost pollution free. Hemp paper is stronger, acid free, has a longer shelf life and costs less than half as much to process than timber based paper. Hemp paper has been produced in China for almost two thousand years. Many of their original manuscripts from hemp paper are still with us today. Hemp paper is acid free and can be recycled 10 times where timber based paper can only be recycled twice. The acids in timber based paper leach into the soil and decompose the paper rapidly, whereas, acid free hemp paper is biodegradable, environment friendly and benefits the soil.
Hemp hurds can also be converted to methanol efficiently. Methanol yield from hurds is 1,000 gallons per acre. Methanol is a clean burning, lead and sulfur-free fuel. Existing policies promote $60 billion of imported oil and $40 billion protecting the source. Hemp converted to methanol is a domestic alternative to imported oil that eliminates demand for fossil fuels. This policy squanders almost $100 billion annually of revenues and resources from America. Hemp hurds (cellulose) can also be converted to wood flour. Unknown to most Americans our oil based synthetics originated from cellulose based technology. Banning hemp gave selected global corporations, like DuPont, control over the value added products produced from oil. This economic policy is promoted by the government through Hemp Prohibition and the Drug War. Annual sales of DuPont products are over forty billion dollars in America alone. This is reality.
Hemp is the most versatile plant on earth. There are thousands of applications for hemp products such as light weight concrete, pressboard, PVC, biomass and wood flour products. Hemp is a safer, cleaner and generally a less expensive alternative to oil, cotton and timber based products.
Throughout history, hemp has been referred to as anything from "The most versatile and valuable plant on earth" to "Marijuana, the Mexican killer weed". In reality, hemp is a strategic industrial raw material and food source. Hemp should be a major source of food, shelter, clothing, fuel, medicine and income. Even in the 1930s, industry estimated hemp will be used as an industrial raw material in over thirty thousand products made in America. This versatility would have provided American citizens with a sense of independence, self reliance, prosperity and real access to the levers of power in America. It is this threat to the power structure, government, and the rich that made Hemp Prohibition a reality. Banning hemp is actually an arbitrary control or power motivated by this hidden economic agenda. This is not the first time hemp has been banned by all but the power elite. Here are two examples of Hemp Prohibition by all but the power elite and the motives behind it.
The Church banned Hemp during most of the Middle Ages (Dark Ages) to control commerce, travel, information, lighting and medicine. Hemp provided the materials for paper, sails, lamp oils, cloth, medicine, feed stocks and building materials. The Church used this control to help enslave Europe for almost 1,000 years. At the same time, teaching someone to read and write was a capital offense, often enforced. Hemp Prohibition never applied to the Church.
Hemp prohibition, in 1938, was also the product of the Hearst Media Empire to protect the value of millions of acres of timberland and paper mills owned by their subsidiary, Kimberly Clark. Andrew Mellon, of Mellon Bank of Pittsburgh and Secretary of the Treasury was chief financier of DuPont plastics technology and Hearst timberland. All three would suffer major losses or bankruptcy from hemp competition. Kimberly Clark is the largest corporate contributor to the DARE program. Prohibition eliminates Kimberly Clark's industrial competitor, hemp. Kimberly Clark makes paper products.
In 1917, a major breakthrough in technology made the processing of hemp, for paper, much cheaper than the old hemp paper of wood pulp process. The new process used a Decordicator which separated the fiber and cellulose without the labor intensive retying process that had changed little in 5,000 years. This new equipment cut the field processing time from approximately 200 man hours per acre by 90%. This combined with the Department of Agriculture Bulletin #404 released in 1916 promised a world where timber based paper could be eliminated.
Bulletin #404 was a ten year study by the Department of Agriculture started in 1906. By 1906, existing timber harvests were exceeding sustainable new growth estimates and over 50% of America's timber harvest went to paper production. To deal with concerns of dwindling timber supplies and problems caused by deforestation the U.S. Government began examining alternatives to timber based paper. The government study chose hemp as the best alternative paper source and superior to timber based paper. The 25 page report does not mention the word marijuana anywhere. At this time, the only people that knew Marijuana was hemp were key people involved in a propaganda campaign to eliminate hemp based products.
By 1915, Marijuana was banned in California. Hearst had hidden the fact, Marijuana was hemp, so well the law was unenforceable. Hearst could not prove hemp was Marijuana. The Department of Agriculture Bulletin #404 conclusions are hemp produces four times the paper per acre as timber. The process is environment friendly, produces better quality paper, and can be sold at less than half the price of timber based paper.
Andrew Mellon's cousin, Harry J. Anslinger (Dirty Harry) was put in control of the FBNDD ( Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) by Andrew Mellon himself. Hearst started a smear campaign called Marijuana to hide the fact he was eliminating his industrial competitor, hemp. Hearst, DuPont, Mellon and other special interests lobbied Congress for Prohibition. Anslinger (Dirty Harry) used articles from Hearst media sources to promote hysteria in Congress and the public to support Prohibition. Hearst continued to smear his tabloids with scare stories that did not exist. The propaganda campaign was so effective most people still don't realize, hemp is marijuana.
Hemp prohibition passed in 1938 and has put millions of farmers out of business. In 1938, Popular Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering (two respected periodicals) referred to hemp as "The Most Profitable And Desirable Crop That Can Be Grown" and "The First Billion Dollar Crop" in America. In 1932, the California Blue Book valued the entire agricultural output of the state at $532 million. This billion dollar crop represented almost twice the agricultural output of California. The value of hemp as an industrial raw material is almost $2,000 per acre in today markets.
Both articles described the versatility of this ancient crop, new technology to process it, and a bright and rewarding future for its use. Popular Mechanics states hemp fiber is use in over 5,000 products and the hurds or cellulose is processed into wood flour for use in 25,000 additional products made in America. They described a world where Free Trade was Fair Trade and America would be able to dig itself out of the Depression. Hearst bought Popular Mechanics to eliminate one more source of accurate information.
Hemp Prohibition denied millions a reprieve from the Depression and access to real prosperity for the middle class. Hemp had the ability to turn the American Dream into reality and shift the concentration of wealth to a new middle class created from real economic growth. It would also give the middle class control over the industrial raw materials and finished products produced for the marketplace. Prohibition shifted wealth and power in America to what can only be described as a Corporate elite. This Corporate elite control the media because they own it. They control commerce through manipulation of legislation, capital, campaign contributions, stocks, artificial subsidies or whatever it takes. They represent less than 1% of the population but control the public, government, capital, labor and industry. They not only believe in the Golden Rule but live it. "The one with the Gold Rules." They are above the Law because they enforce it when it suits their agenda.
Hemp prohibition is nothing more than an unjustified subsidy for the affected industries and bureaucracies. This is the true meaning of welfare as we know it in America. Unlike America, most of the world no longer supports hemp prohibition or the Drug War. This misinformation campaign has been exposed. Millions of acres of new hemp crops will be harvested worldwide annually. The versatility of this ancient crop will consume its competition in a few short years. Current policies are doomed to failure and will bankrupt any country and government that gets in its way.
Legal hemp imports are increasing at rates of over 10% a month. Our trade agreements no longer deny access of these products to American markets or tariffs to keep those products out. The only viable option is to legalize Hemp. NAFTA and Free Trade must not apply only to American workers with respect to third world labor. This is a doomed, bankrupt, and corrupt industrial policy that has turned America into a Police State. If this policy continues, the police state we create will enforce our new third world economy.
America cannot allow the corporate world an unfair competitive advantage through a fraudulent manipulation of commerce. This is accomplished through media manipulation, campaign contributions, fraud, extortion, special interest legislation and the Drug War ( a poverty program for America). It will destroy our country, future and the future for our children. It denies American citizens control of their own destiny by manipulating their access to prosperity.
This quote from DuPont in its 1937 annual report to its shareholders addresses corporate power at its worst, "The future is clouded with uncertainties, not only as to the amount of future imposts but also to the extent to which the revenue raising powers of the government can be used as an instrument for forcing acceptance of sudden new ideas of social and industrial reorganization." DuPont is a major beneficiary of prohibition. Prohibition eliminated cellulose based alternatives to oil based synthetics they control. The moral to this story is, it is easier to get rich controlling a market than to compete in one.
The Drug War is an example of corporate manipulation of America. It forces acceptance of a corporate agenda by banning an industrial competitor. It misrepresents the competitor by an illegal manipulation of commerce. The government responds by promoting these policies with the Drug War, and looking the other way at violations of their own laws. The Drug War is corrupt to the core.
Jay Lindberg
random links transporting dazed and confused free range arachnids to insane asylums since 1995 activist gathering buzz protest moron John Galt jr medical marijuana hashish THC pay it forward phoenix hippy festival premonition award marijuana recipes cooking heating weeds grass skunk smoking arising 8k.com feedreeder 8k race run ganja yours Walking extra meat Virginia brad forbidden truth summer solstice Lost as a blind eagle government constitutional Convention formally located at webstation19.8k.com/hemp.htm


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The Five Kingdoms
Part One
Breakdown of a Combat Round
1. Surprise: Anytime combat starts and someone may be unaware of it, they may be surprised. When this happens; for example, a monster sneaks up to you and attacks, the D.M. will have you roll to see if you hear or see the attackers coming before they actually attack. The D.M. will tell you what you need to roll.
a. If you are successful in your roll, then you are not surprised, and you may roll initiative at the beginning of combat.
b. If you fail your roll, then you are surprised. This means that you do not get to act in the first round (the surprise round) of combat. If you are surprised you are considered "Flat-footed." This means you do not get to apply your Dexterity modifiers to your Armor Class.
2. Initiative: Initiative is a term for determining what order people go in during a combat round. Initiative is determined by rolling 1d20 and adding your modifier from Dexterity, Feats and Magical Abilities (if you have Feats and Abilities that affect initiative rolls). Order goes from the person with the highest result of this roll, to the lowest.
a. During the first round of combat everyone is "Flat-Footed" until they get to act. After you get your first action, in the first round of combat you will no longer be "Flat-Footed" during the rest of the combat. Note: Some spells and abilities can put you, temporarily, in a Flat-Footed state. You will be informed when this occurs, and when it ends.
b. This means that if you fail a surprise check you will be Flat-Footed until you get to act in the following round.
3. Actions: Moving, attacking, casting spells, and anything else you may want to do during combat.
a. Standard Actions: A standard action allows you to do something and move your speed during your turn in a round (Move Action). You may move before or after a standard action (your choice). Standard Actions are:
i. Melee Attack: One attack. (No A.o.O.)
ii. Ranged Attack: One Attack (Yes A.o.O.)
iii. Move Action: Move your listed speed (plus the Move Action you get with all standard actions, essentially you get to move double your speed). (A.o.O. conditional)
iv. Cast a Spell: Spells with casting times of a standard action. Some spells have casting times that are longer than a standard action; either will be listed in the spell description. (Yes A.o.O.)
v. Total Defense: Focusing on defending yourself. You get +4 to your A.C. until you act next in the following round. (No A.o.O.)
b. Full-Round Actions: These actions consume all your effort during a round. The only movement you can take is a "5-Foot Step" before, during or after the action (your choice). Some Full-Round Actions prohibit the 5-Foot Step as well, but unless the action specifically states that, you get the 5-Foot Step.
i. Full Attack: If you are capable of making multiple attacks in a round, you must make a Full Attack to use them. (No A.o.O. if melee, yes if ranged)
ii. Run or Sprint: Move at x3 or x4 your Speed (your choice). (A.o.O. conditional)
iii. Load a Heavy or Repeating Crossbow (Yes A.o.O.)
iv. Refocus: By forfeiting doing anything this round (except a 5-Foot Step), you will enter the next round with an initiative of 20 + initiative modifiers you have. (No A.o.O.)
c. Move-Equivalent Actions: These actions are interchangeable with standard actions or the move action during a round you are making a standard action. For example: If you are next to a door in combat and the door is unlocked, you may: Attack, then open the door. Open the door, then attack. Open the door, and move up to your speed (Move Action) through the door. Examples:
i. Draw or sheathe a weapon (Draw = No, Sheathe = Yes A.o.O.)
ii. Open a door (No A.o.O.)
iii. Pick up an item (Yes A.o.O.)
iv. Retrieve a stored item (Yes A.o.O.)
v. Stand up from prone (No A.o.O.)
vi. Load a light or hand crossbow (Yes A.o.O.)
vii. Mount or Dismount (No A.o.O.)
d. Free Actions: consume a very small amount of time and effort, and over the span of the round, their impact is so minor that they are considered free. You can perform one or more free actions while taking other actions normally. The D.M. will regulate how many free actions you get per round, depending on the specific action or actions. Free Actions do not provoke "Attacks of Opportunity." Examples of free actions include:
i. Cast a "quickened" spell
ii. Cease concentration on a spell
iii. Prepare spell components
iv. Direct some spells that you have already cast
v. Change form
vi. Drop an item
vii. Drop to the floor
viii. Speak
ix. Make Spellcraft checks
4. Attacks of Opportunity: Melee rules assume that combatants are actively avoiding attacks. A player doesn't have to declare anything special for her character to be on the defensive. Sometimes, however, a combatant in a melee lets her guard down, and she is not on the defensive as usual. In this case, combatants near her can take advantage of her lapse in defense to attack her for free.
a. Threatened Area: You threaten the area into which you can make a melee attack, even when it is not your action. Generally, that is everything within 5' of you in any direction. An enemy that takes certain actions while in a threatened area provokes an attack of opportunity from you.
b. Provoking an Attack of Opportunity: If you move within or out of a threatened area, you usually provoke an attack of opportunity. If all you do is move (not run) during your turn, the space that you start out in is not considered threatened, and therefore enemies do not get attacks of opportunity for you leaving the space. In addition, if your entire move for the round is 5' (or a 5-Foot Step), enemies do not get attacks of opportunity for your moving. Previously listed actions are denoted with (Yes A.o.O) or (No A.o.O) to show if those actions provoke an attack of opportunity.
c. Making an Attack of Opportunity: An attack of opportunity is a single attack, and you can only make one per round. You do not have to make an attack of opportunity if you don't want to. Attacks of opportunity are made with your first attack bonus.
5. Multiple Attacks: Whenever your base attack bonus, without modifiers, is high enough that you can -5 and still have a number higher than zero, you get a second attack using the result as the attack bonus. For example, if your base attack bonus is 7/+2. That's 3 attacks. You may them add any modifiers to these attack numbers, but only the "base attack bonus" is used to determine how many multiple attacks you get. Attacking with multiple attacks this way requires a "Full Attack" action, as listed above.


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Most surreal facebook friend request ever.
So a couple of days ago my Dad joined facebook and made friends with me.
At first i was a bit freaked out but then i got into it and added him, and put him in my top friends blah blah blah.
This morning the woman who had an affair with my dad 12 years ago that basically led to his divorce from my mum tried to add me.......
she was after you all along
go with the flow
for some people, seems to exist in a seperate universe which isnt affected by real life. i havent talked to you for 20 years, will you be my friend? etc etc. but then, you look like a cunt if you really cant be bothered so you do and it grinds down your life just that little bit more.
Stop doing that! What does it mean?
I hate you.
You hated yes_
1hr ago
bamos is confused
30m ago
if you had facebook, you'd understand
I had some American called 'Theo Graham' try to add me because
"We have the same name, dude!"
No we DON'T have the same name, you MORON. It's very different.
he is no
gotham bonars, that is for sure
How do you add peeple to your top friends?
Is it an application?
yes, it's like top trumps
my orc friends always beat the emo kids
Grimgor the Orc:
strength: 90
bLeEdInG oN mY ToEnAiLs Of DeSpAiR (Emo kid):
strength: -28


text:
Nootropics & Brain: How the use of certain drugs may aid in the cognitive and analytical performance of individuals. A regard of medical advancements.
The use of drugs that enhance brain performance in healthy people has become an issue of hot debate amongst medical professionals including psychiatrists and physicians, as well as neurologists. Is it ethical? Is it fair? Does it work without imposing adverse effects on the user? Complicated? Yes, but still worthy of our attention. Naturally, these questions are asked not just by professionals in the medical field, but also by individuals who are seeking to enhance or control the state of their mind beyond what a combination of vitamins and their biology permit per time.
It seems much of the effort of medical advancements has gone into enhancing the performance of the body, and this is of course commendable. But shouldn't it be equally praiseworthy that science is finally finding a way to improve on our brains too, since the brain through the mind is the inspiration behind all physical activity?
What are Nootropics?
The word "Nootropic" has its origin as a derivation of two Greek words, namelynóos (which means "mind") and tropéō (which means "to bend or turn"). The term was coined in 1972 by a Romanian chemist and psychologist Dr Corneliu Giurgea. Nootropics are also known as smart drugs or punitive enhancers.
A Nootropic is a synthetic compound that improves both analytical and executive cognitive functions in healthy individuals. These functions include creativity, memory or recall, concentration, motivation and the like.
What are some essential characteristics that qualify a drug or supplement as a Nootropic?Dr Corneliu Giurgea in his original definition made the following consideration:
- It must lack any stimulant, sedative, or toxic effects.
- It must protect the brain from harmful chemical damage or significant chemical transfigurations.
- It must improve neuronal firing mechanisms of the brain.
- It must possess the ability to enhance memory and learning functions.
- It must possess the ability to help the brain function effective and generally under disruptive external or internal conditions.
A Nootropic is not a drug that treats a medical condition, neither is it a medicine that grants the user any superhuman cognitive abilities or motor skills. You won't become Superman the next minute, and your life won't necessarily become another scene from Limitless (sorry about that).
Nootropics help only improve what is already there, and give the user some power or mastery over his/her neurochemistry (in other words your brain reflexes), including mood and intellect.
Various tests have been carried out in the past, even on animals, to determine the safety of Nootropics as well as their proclaimed efficiency upon action on the central nervous system. The tests were conducted to ascertain the effects of these drugs on muscle strength, on motor performance, on passive avoidance response and lots more. The results have been simply amazing and relieving, nothing magical.
Why Do People Use Nootropics?
There are many effects that people look for when they use generic nootropics pills. And many people in many different types of fields of endeavor have turned to the use of smart drugs for various reasons with impressive and sober results. These people include students and professionals, including some high profile Silicon Valley entrepreneurs.
People's reasons for turning to Nootropics have not been far-fetched at all. Some of those reasons are discussed below:
- For Socializing
Everyone knows that the required temperament for making and maintaining social contact is extroversion. A lot of energy is necessary to keep up with social bonding, and this is an activity that humans cannot do without.
Socializing is a fundamental human quality, but many people naturally do not have that untiring energy needed to indulge in it. Because of their temperament, they get nervous around people even though they love people. People who find socializing difficult and unnerving can turn to Nootropics for a calming effect.
These smart drugs can help them coordinate their reflexes, boost their self-confidence, and forget their anxiety, allowing them to make notable contributions at events. Nootropics, also help make communication easier for public speakers and people with social anxiety.
- For Study and Productivity
Study activities like revision, exams, and essay compilation are known to be very mentally demanding. Nootropics have proved to be very potent in helping students achieve more focus, as well as a disciplined workflow without becoming addictive to the users.
Entrepreneurs and business people of different fields are also often under pressure to deliver. This tasking atmosphere can cause the brain to sometimes shut off under such a cognitive load. You may notice that you become more easily distracted, permitting intrusive thoughts that appear more intriguing and less demanding.
In such cases, Nootropics like Modafinil revitalize your mental performance, and boost your cognitive processes for you to get those critical tasks done within the given time frame.
- For Health and Exercise
School and work are not the only physically demanding activities we engage in through the course of our lives. Play and exercise are equally physically demanding. A disconnected mind is a confused body.
Nootropics are known to boost endurance and willpower during play or exercise, during a workout or personal sporting activities. Nootropics increase brain health and give you the mental focus needed to enjoy any physical activity all the way through.
Well-Known Nootropics
There are lots and lots of smart drugs on the market today, and like we said earlier the best of the lot are prescription drugs which are also helpful in treating some medical conditions.
- Phenylpiracetam
The modified version of Piracetam is Phenylpiracetam, and it is helpful in achieving some positive effects like:
- Verbal fluency
- Focus
- Energy
- Fitness
- Mood enhancements
- Motivation
Phenylpiracetam kicks in quite quickly, say within 30-60 minutes after administering the drug. It is advised that this drug should not be taken in combination with alcohol.
Modafinil is commonly usedto treat narcolepsy or sleep-related disorders. The drug not only helps its users stay awake at critical moments, but also boosts their mental capacity, and focuses during the period when they are awake.
- L-theanine
Found also in beverages, this compound is known for itscalming anti-stress appeal. It has a mellowing effect that fights off anxiety. It amplifies the cognitive benefits of Piracetam. Boosts focus and concentration levels.
Melatonin occurs naturally, as a hormone in the brain that helps regulate the body's sleep cycle systems. Melatonin gives you back control of your body clock by inducing deep, restful, natural sleep and eliminating daytime drowsiness. Thus, it is taken in minimal dosages.
It is important to note and remember that the outcome of the usage of a particular Nootropic may vary from person to person, depending on each person's brain chemistry and methods of the smart drug's taking.


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- North America
- United States
- West Virginia
- Grace Harvester Church
- Search
Traveling Luck for Grace Harvester Church West Virginia, United States
The timezone in Grace Harvester Church is America/Iqaluit
Morning Sunrise at 08:36 and Evening Sunset at 17:57. It's Dark
Rough GPS position Latitude. 40.0675°, Longitude. -80.7228°
Morning Sunrise at 08:36 and Evening Sunset at 17:57. It's Dark
Rough GPS position Latitude. 40.0675°, Longitude. -80.7228°
Weather near Grace Harvester Church Last report from Wheeling, Wheeling Ohio County Airport, WV 16.7km awayTemperature: 4°C / 39°F
Wind: 6.9km/h South
Cloud: Solid Overcast at 5000ft
Satellite map of Grace Harvester Church and it's surroudings...
Geographic features & Photographs around Grace Harvester Church in West Virginia, United States
church a building for public Christian worship.
- Grace Harvester Church (0km)
- First United Presbyterian Church (0.2km)
- Fourth Street United Methodist Church (0.2km)
- Wayman African Methodist Episcopal Church (0.3km)
- Simpson United Methodist Church (0.3km)
- Second United Presbyterian Church (0.3km)
- Saint James Evangelical Lutheran Church (0.3km)
- Saint Matthews Episcopal Church (0.4km)
- Macedonia Baptist Church (0.4km)
- First Baptist Church (0.4km)
- Wheeling Assembly of God Church (0.4km)
- First English Lutheran Church (0.5km)
- Second Presbyterian Church (0.8km)
- Saint Lukes-on-the Island Episcopal Church (0.9km)
- First Christian Church (0.9km)
- Saint Alphonsus Roman Catholic Church (0.9km)
- Zion Lutheran Church (0.9km)
- Saint Anthony Roman Catholic Church (1km)
- Agape Baptist Church (1.1km)
- Thomson United Methodist Church (1.1km)
building(s) a structure built for permanent use, as a house, factory, etc..
- Washington Hall (historical) (0km)
- West Virginia Independence Hall (0.3km)
- The Upper Market House (0.4km)
- Wheeling Civic Center (0.4km)
- Wheeling City Hall (0.4km)
- Ohio County Courthouse (0.4km)
- Ohio County Jail (0.5km)
- Central Fire Station (0.7km)
- Hildebrand Memorial Branch Library (0.7km)
- Bennett Memorial Museum (0.9km)
- Ohio County Public Library (0.9km)
- Saint Alphonsus Orphanage (1km)
school building(s) where instruction in one or more branches of knowledge takes place.
- Central High School (0.4km)
- Cathedral Elementary School (0.4km)
- Lincoln School (0.5km)
- West Virginia Northern Community College (0.6km)
- McKinley Vocational High School (0.8km)
- Wheeling Catholic Elementary School (0.9km)
- Clay School (0.9km)
- Wheeling High School (0.9km)
- Jefferson Special School (historical) (1.1km)
Local Feature A Nearby feature worthy of being marked on a map..
- Wheeling Wharf (0.3km)
- Saint Josephs Roman Catholic Cathedral (0.4km)
- Jubilee Christian Fellowship (0.4km)
- First Church of Christ Scientist (0.5km)
- Interchange 1A (0.7km)
- The Lower Market (historical) (0.9km)
- Laughlin Memorial Chapel (1km)
- Saint Johns United Church of Christ (1km)
- Church of Christ (1.1km)
Accommodation around Grace Harvester Church
The McLure Hotel 1200 Market Street, Wheeling
Knights Inn Wheeling 949 Main St, Wheeling
Hampton Inn Wheeling 795 National Rd, Wheeling
bridge a structure erected across an obstacle such as a stream, road, etc., in order to carry roads, railroads, and pedestrians across.
- Wheeling Suspension Bridge (0.6km)
- Fort Henry Bridge (0.7km)
section of populated place a neighborhood or part of a larger town or city.
- Vineyard Hills (subdivision) (0.7km)
- South Island (subdivision) (1km)
park an area, often of forested land, maintained as a place of beauty, or for recreation.
- Wheeling Historic District (0.7km)
- Eastern Park (1.1km)
hospital a building in which sick or injured, especially those confined to bed, are medically treated.
- Wheeling Clinic (0.6km)
- Ohio Valley Medical Center (1.1km)
post office a public building in which mail is received, sorted and distributed.
- Wheeling Post Office (0.1km)
populated place a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work.
- Wheeling (0.5km)
stream a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.
- Wheeling Creek (0.5km)
Wikipedia entries close to Grace Harvester Church
- Wheeling Island street landmark
- Bridgeport, Ohio city o city
- Wheeling, West Virginia city o city
- Bethlehem, West Virginia city o city
- Brookside, Ohio city o city
- Martins Ferry, Ohio city o city
- Boggs Island city o city
- Bellaire, Ohio city o city
- Benwood, West Virginia city o city
- Lower Twin Island city o city
- Upper Twin Island city o city
- Triadelphia, West Virginia city o city
- Clearview, West Virginia city o city
- McMechen, West Virginia city o city
- Neffs, Ohio city o city
- Betty Zane, West Virginia city o city
Airports close to Grace Harvester ChurchPittsburgh international(PIT), Pittsburgh (pennsylva), Usa (75.9km)
Akron fulton international(AKR), Akron, Usa (150.3km)
Youngstown warren rgnl(YNG), Youngstown, Usa (159.5km)
Elkins randolph co jennings randolph(EKN), Elkins, Usa (182.8km)
Cleveland hopkins international(CLE), Cleveland, Usa (212.9km)


text:
Nitro Member
I think this has been discussed here before but can't remember for sure..... why is it that some top fuel tuners take off their ear plugs when warming up the motor in the pits? Often in conjunction with stepping towards the rear of the vehicle and observing the exhaust output. Didn't Connie Kalitta say something about hearing the valves click and watching them fire or something like that?


text:
Is Canon A640 good for VT?
I have a Canon A640 (10 megapixels) camera, and I was wondering if it is a good camera for creating virtual tours. It looks like it is harder to find fisheye lenses for this camera. I do not have much experience with photography, but I would like to learn to create virtual tours. Is it a DSLR camera better for VT? What would be a good (average) starting equipment for VT(around $1500)?


text:
vShare for iPhone: Are you guys looking to download vshare for iPhone? you might be having a question in mind what is vshare? vshare is an excellent and popular app which supports jailbroken and non-jailbroken devices.Vshare app is user-friendly and the apps which are present in vshare are updated regularly and u will get a latest paid apps over here.
Vshare got so much popularity for iPhone/iPad and smart devices. movie lovers need apps like Showbox,vidmate to watch the latest movies on your device like iPhone, but these apps are not present in the iTunes store, so vshare is useful to download the apps like Showbox, playbox on your iPhone.
vShare for iPhone, iOS, iPad – Download
when you don't want to waste your money on buying new apps from play store you can choose some alternative like install where you can download the apps for free but its not working properly but one more alternative has come vshare you can install vshare on your device to access apps for free.
Watch vShare for iPhone, iOS, iPad
Apps like Showbox,moviebox can be installed/downloaded using vshare, The apps can be downloaded in two methods they are using jailbroken and without using jailbroken.
Method1: How to install vshare without jailbroken:
Most of the apps are downloaded without jailbroken because of its popularity and its features
To download vshare click here http://showboxappdownloads.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/vshare-download.png
- Click on download un-jailbroken.
- You will get an acknowledgment that whether to install .click on install button.
- Automatically the app will be downloaded and install successfully.
- After installation, you will get app on your iPhone menu
- After installing the app. open the app it will show some warning.
- click on trust button and you can open the app
- In this vshare app, you can download more apps.
- This will work in any iPhone,iphone6 ,iPhone 6 s and 6s+
Now you can browse, download and install any of your favorite apps for free on iPhone,iPad,iPod, and you can download without jailbreak or Cydia.
Method 2: How to install vshare with jailbroken:
It is quite simple and similar to method 1 to install app sync is needed it should be installed previously
- Go to v.appvv.com, in your safari browser.
- Download the software for jailbroken
- App will be installed and you can download any kind of app from this, for example, movie lovers will download the apps like Showbox, movie box etc
you can download the apps by paying.
Download and Install vShare on iOS 9 (iOS 9.0.1, iOS 9.0.1, iOS 9.0.2, iOS 9.1, iOS9.2 and iOS 9.3): vShare for iOS 9 can be installed If your device is not jailbroken probably you'll get a minimal error after installation
There are some other versions like 8.4.1, ios 8.3 these are also installed without jailbroken.
How to download Vshare from Cydia for iPhone:
- you can get vshare on Cydia and you can download by adding an official repo for share. click on the below link how to add a new Cydia repo.
- After clicking on that what you need to do is
- Go to that Cydia
- Choose manage> sources> Edit> Add
- After that enter the URL: http://repo.appvv.com
- After repo is added, search appsync in search box
- Download appsync which works with ios 8.1
- After appSync is installed .to install vshare go back to the search box and search for vshare.
- Download the vshare and install it .vshare and appsync should be of appvv which is an official Cydia repo.


text:
What our clients say
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"I have a great working relationship with the whole EML team. They speak my language and fully understand how our business works – it's fantastic! I'm in touch with them at least once a week on issues ranging from employee contracts and handbooks to disciplinary hearings and absenteeism. With EML there's no such thing as a 'standard template'. Their support is 100% tailored to our business."Gary Adshead, H&S Manager, Affordable Window Systems
"We've worked with EML for over 25 years and can highly recommend their personalised, practical and flexible approach. They help us to act within employment and health and safety laws and always have the best interests of our company at heart. Their combined HR and H&S guidance is so valuable. Grahame is a true health and safety expert. We rely on his expertise and common sense approach. He always ensures we have the correct documentation in place. EML stands out from the crowd with their top-notch service. Your business is not just a number to them."Tony Fry, Shepley Windows
"EML has been our HR support partner for the last 5 years. My experienced team rely on them as a sounding board and an additional resource, for guidance on special projects such as restructuring, grievances, disciplinary management and training. They are down to earth, friendly and very responsive, with experience in every aspect of the employee lifecycle. I can highly recommend EML to keep your people and your business safe."Kathryn Camden, Head of HR, Nutricia
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"Our UK operation has a long-term partnership with EML. I truly value their commercial focus, honesty and knowledge of employment law. Chris in particular is very astute and will challenge where appropriate. He really understands our business and always offers impartial practical advice. There's no hidden agenda at EML – they are all there to support, advise and help you do your job well to the highest ethical standards. You don't get that same level of service from a large call centre."Mike Denysenko, Head of HR, We Buy Any Car
"Karen and Chris provide us with a valuable second opinion on all things HR and keep us up to date with changes in employment and health and safety legislation. The best thing about EML is their operational background. They all have a practical, working knowledge of all the issues they advise on. I would highly recommend EML for their grounded, reliable and friendly outsourced HR service."Victoria Snook, Director, 4th Dimension


text:
LOS ANGELES — Screaming O this past weekend collaborated with the adult store Romantix for a special in-store celebration in honor of Long Beach Pride.
The annual Pride festival took over in downtown Long Beach with live music, dancing and entertainment that celebrated LGBT inclusion throughout the community.
Screaming O reps set up an interactive display that attracted parade-goers off the streets and packed the store with curious consumers eager and excited to keep the Pride celebration going all weekend long, Romantix Marketing Manager Christina Shann said.
"When we think of Screaming O, we think fun and that's one of the reasons why we invited them to join us at Long Beach Pride," Shann said. "Supporting Long Beach Pride gives Romantix and our partners the unique opportunity to celebrate the spirit of the weekend with our fellow community members, and we loved working with Screaming O to help make our event extra colorful."
Screaming O manned a booth stocked with free gifts and giveaways that engaged attendees in a conversation about how to enjoy safe, fun and satisfying sex, Shann said.
With free Climax Cream samples as an ice-breaker, representatives introduced attendees to Screaming O's most popular cock rings and vibrating rings, including 100RingO Pros, the original Screaming O Vibrating Ring and the new Screaming O Sport high-performance vibrating ring.
"Much of our brand recognition comes from being an active part of the community and collaborating with Romantix gave us a unique opportunity to support Long Beach Pride," Screaming O Marketing Manager Gideon Perez said. "Teaming with Romantix gave us a chance to engage consumers in an active shopping environment while actively celebrating Pride with hundreds of happy people.
"Attendees were enticed to explore the store and shop around for s omething new to try that night, and we're proud that Screaming O's affordable and body-safe cock rings were some of their go-tos."
For Screaming O bulk or wholesale orders, contact your preferred distributor or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Email sent. If you wish to send to another person, click here.


text:
Durand Cup now hit by pullouts by major clubs
Vasco Sports Club were conspicuous by their absence from the Durand Cup on Tuesday. And the blame for their non-attendance at the world's third oldest football tournament is being passed around by the authorities. Alberto Furlan reports.sports Updated: Oct 28, 2010 01:05 IST
Vasco Sports Club were conspicuous by their absence from the Durand Cup on Tuesday. And the blame for their non-attendance at the world's third oldest football tournament is being passed around by the authorities.
"Due to the lack of time, we were not able to organize train tickets or accommodation for Vasco," said Lt. Col. MS Gill, secretary general and chief organiser of the tournament.
"We didn't have the time to get organized. It was a logistical problem. There were no rail tickets (for the 22 players) available and flying would have been too expensive," Alok Shah, CEO of the Goa-based Vasco SC said.
"We were informed about needing to organise accommodation in Delhi on Sep 15 and would have arrived in Delhi by the 17th. We didn't have aman there, so it wasn't possible."
Vasco's eleventh-hour pullout from the cup meant AOC Secundrabad, whom they were to play on September 18, the second day of the qualifying rounds, received a bye. The Durand Football Tournament Society (DFTS) could not find a replacement team in time.
"I made it very clear I wanted to visit Delhi, we want visibility. But given the paucity of time it was not possible for us to attend," added Shah.
Lt. Col Gill has blamed the All India Football Federation (AIFF) for pullouts and short notice. The tournament was rescheduled from January-October. "We were told on Sep 1. That gave us only 40 days to organise the tournament, and the sponsors wouldn't come on such short notice. They wanted more mileage."
For these reasons, Dempo Sports Club, also from Goa and one of the biggest teams in the country, also pulled out as their terms for attendance couldn't be met. The DFTS was given the choice of staging the Cup in either November or October, after the AIFF drew up its calendar.
"They were given the choice between November before the I-league or October, and they chose October. That's why they didn't have enough time," an AIFF official said. The tournament was rescheduled because the AIFF decided to conduct the next edition of the I League from the end of Nov, soon after the Asian Games. Alberto Colaco, AIFF secretary general said, "We consulted the participating clubs and decided to start the League in Nov. We also decided to play the league without interruption until we broke for the AFC Challenge Cup".
On Vasco not attending, he added, "I am not aware that they were invited. Maybe the organisers wanted to replace some team that withdrew with Vasco and they informed them at a very short notice."
First Published: Oct 28, 2010 00:27 IST


text: What I like of the definitions of Avepoda and some other Paulian names in "Dinosaurs of the Air" (2002) is the use of of apomorphy+clade-based taxon names. As long as the problem of apomorphy-based names was the possibility of convergence (and to what clade acquiring the feature the name goes), this was explicitly prevented in apomorphy+clade-based names. These seem to have great use, overall if the clade used is a LITU (is it right to call "clade" to a leaf?). I would like to know from those among you with better knowledge of the Phylocode what does it say about this practice. Cheers, Augusto.


text:
But I did take photos at the Sex Machines Museum -- after all, being a sex educator, this is work related for me. (Does this make my whole trip a tax write-off?) This is the third sex-related museum we've been to -- we've seen the Museum of Sex in NYC and the Erotic Museum of Barcelona. The Sex Machine Museum in Prague was good, although I would have liked more detailed signage to provide context for the items shown. The museum exhibits included a variety of sex aids, including some elaborate mechanical sexual furniture, as well as anti-masturbation machines and clothing, chastity belts, and BDSM equipment and accessories.
[Note: If you are offended by frank discussions or depictions of sexuality, you may not wish to read further.]
|electric anti-masturbation device (a bell rings when there is a nocturnal erection)
The signage didn't indicate the specific origin of this electric anti-masturbation device, but during repressive sexual eras, there have often been efforts to stop masturbation, particularly among children. The Victorians believed that masturbation was harmful to a person's health, causing, among other things:
Disturbances of the stomach and digestion, loss of appetite or ravenous hunger, vomiting, nausea, weakening of the organs of breathing, coughing, hoarseness, paralysis, weakening of the organ of generation to the point of impotence, lack of libido, back pain, disorders of the eye and ear, total diminution of bodily powers, paleness, thinness, pimples on the face, decline of intellectual powers, loss of memory, attacks of rage, madness, idiocy, epilepsy, fever and finally suicide. (Dr. Balthazar Bekker, from the 1716 pamphlet, "Onania, or the Heinous Sin of self-Pollution, And All Its Frightful Consequences, In Both Sexes, Considered: With Spiritual and Physical Advice To Those Who Have Already Injured Themselves By This Abominable Practice.")
|Anti-masturbation belt (ouch!)
Given the potentially dire consequences of masturbation (in the minds of the Victorians), there were any number of anti-masturbation devices, including restrictive clothing and belts such as the one above, with spikes that would prick the erect penis. There were even more extreme practices, too: Some doctors applied electric shock to the genitals of children to deter masturbation, and sometimes genital surgeries were performed.
This photo is of phallocrypts (not the term used in the signage, but I love this word), or coverings worn over a man's penis (also known as a "penis sheath"). The ones on the left are koteka from New Guinea and are probably made from gourds. I suspect the one on the right is also from New Guinea, because of the use of fiber and natural dyes, but it doesn't look like any koteka I have seen from that area. The display also included two metal codpieces from Italy (16th century).
|Photo by TribalBodMod
I was intrigued enough by the phallocrypts that I added a koteka to my (small, but growing) collection of sexual art when we got back from our trip. This koteka is from the Kamanabit area of New Guinea, and is made from a gourd painted with clan motifs. (I would love to purchase one of Holly Stewart's beaded phalluses to add to my collection, but I haven't been able to find contact information for her or a gallery representing her work.)
|A manual, hand-crank vibrator with interchangeable heads
You should feel lucky that batteries were invented, so you don't have to hand-crank your way to orgasm anymore. (Here's a tip: If you are going to hand-crank your way to orgasm, I'm not sure you really need a machine. Maybe more effective manual technique would be sufficient. Just a thought.)
By the way, do you know the history of the vibrator? It was originally invented as a medical device. In the 19th century, women who were tired or depressed or anxious (or experienced any number of other physical or psychological symptoms) might be diagnosed with hysteria. It was believed that this disorder resulted from an imbalance in the woman's reproductive system, and it was often treated with pelvic massage. The doctor would massage the woman's pelvis (typically under her clothing) until she went into paroxysms of contractions, which would make her feel better. Ahem.
Yes, doctors were giving women orgasms as a medical treatment. But remember, at this time in Western culture, women were not believed to have sexual desire -- they were seen as asexual. So this treatment was presumably not viewed as sexual by physicians or their patients. What physicians mainly thought was that it was physically tiring to do this pelvic massage. So they invented a variety of mechanical devices to make the process less exhausting (as well as more profitable, since they could do the treatment more quickly and efficiently) -- and voila, vibrators were invented (along with other devices, such as water jets). These were even sold to the general public, advertised openly in women's magazines as medical aids (until the 1920s, when vibrators started showing up in pornography and thus became more sexualized). This is where historian Rachel Maines came across these ads while researching women's needlework. Her book, The Technology of Orgasm: "Hysteria,"" The Vibrator, and Women's Sexual Satisfaction, is a fun read. Or watch the documentary based on her work, Passion & Power: The Technology of Orgasm or find a performance of the play, In the Next Room (or the vibrator play).
The museum included a number of dildos, which can often be quite artistic. The one on the left reminds me of the spaceships from the early science-fiction era (1950s).
Textures and colors and little accessories aplenty.
I am honestly not sure what is meant to be achieved by the tiny hand condom (which looks poised to grab at the cervix), although it was visually arresting.
Some imaginative and playful dildos -- for those who have gotten attached to vegetables and fruit, I guess.
In case you thought there were only dildos, the museum also had a variety of artificial orifices, as well.
|Erotic netsuke
This is a netsuke, a carved and painted Japanese miniature sculpture. These were used as amulets or part of clothing (e.g., as a button or toggle to close pouches/pockets), starting in 17th century Japan. Netsuke depict a variety of subjects, including erotic netsuke, such as this one.
There were quite a few BDSM displays in the museum, including an elaborate bondage wheel and a variety of fetish garments, such as the mask shown above and those below.
(Just as a side note, I did wonder about what counts as a "sex machine" for the purposes of the museum. The displays included quite a few mechanical devices that are easily defined as sex machines, such as the vibrators and a number of elaborate penetration devices, including one for women prisoners. But are the netsuke machines? Only in the sense that any button could be classified as a machine, which seems a bit of a stretch. And the phallocrypts are more like garments than machines, and, indeed, are only sexual in the sense that they cover the genitals. Were I a curator at the museum, I'd have to think about what counts as sexual and what counts as a machine in order to identify appropriate display items.)
The most interesting exhibit at the museum was a showing of two early pornographic films from Spain. The films were made in 1925, apparently on the personal order of King Alfonso XIII. One featured a corrupt priest who has sex with female parishioners as part of the confessional ("The confessor or the friar's blessing"). The second one ("Ladies' Cabinet") showed a doctor who had sex with his female patients (and his female servant), while his wife had sex with the servants (both male and female).
The films were funny (as pornography often is, unintentionally), but surprisingly explicit and extensive in the sex acts they showed, given their early date. "The Ladies' Cabinet" might be the first depiction of a threesome in pornographic films, if you don't count "A Free Ride" (also known as "A Grass Sandwich"), an American stag film from 1915 that depicts a man having sex with two female hitchhikers (but they don't seem to be engaged in sexual activities simultaneously, so it might not count as a threesome).
The films were funny (as pornography often is, unintentionally), but surprisingly explicit and extensive in the sex acts they showed, given their early date. "The Ladies' Cabinet" might be the first depiction of a threesome in pornographic films, if you don't count "A Free Ride" (also known as "A Grass Sandwich"), an American stag film from 1915 that depicts a man having sex with two female hitchhikers (but they don't seem to be engaged in sexual activities simultaneously, so it might not count as a threesome).
I have to say that, while I enjoyed the museum and I'm glad we went, I would have liked more context for the sex machines on display. To my mind, the machines themselves aren't that interesting -- once you have seen a few of them, the rest are often merely variations on a theme. But sex machines seem to fascinate many people. I just came across Timothy Archibald's book, Sex Machines: Photographs and Interviews, which details the homegrown sex machine inventor. You can read some of the stories of sex machine inventors and see photos here (note that some photos involve nudity and there are frank discussions of sexuality). I wonder if there is something uniquely modern (and maybe particularly American) about the idea of enhancing sexuality through mechanization. You have a sexual problem? I bet I can invent a machine to solve it! Let me tinker with some circuits and motors and . . . here you are! A dildo on an electric mixer. All your sexual problems solved! Don't get me wrong, I know that many people enjoy sex toys, and vibrators can be a helpful tool for women who have difficulty reaching orgasm. And perhaps the intersection of sex and machine is inevitable, as machines are entwined in all parts of our lives -- what we eat, how we sleep, our connections with others -- all have specialized machines.
So while it isn't surprising that there are a plethora of sex machines, they are highly revealing. When you look at a sex machine, ask yourself: Who made it and for what purpose? How did it affect people's lives and their experience of their sexuality? The answers to those questions aren't found in the mechanics of a wiring diagram -- they emerge from an understanding of the history, psychology, sociology, and anthropology of sexuality. From the anti-masturbation belts of the Victorians to the mechanized phalluses of the homegrown inventor, sex machines tell us a lot about our attitudes and beliefs about sexuality. That's the story I want to know.
Next up: Wenceslas Square


text:
Languages Spoken: English, Mandarin
Dr. Finlayson's clinical specialty is minimally invasive abdominal surgery. His primary areas of clinical practice are colon surgery, including colon cancer, colon polyps, diverticulitis, and other conditions of the colon; abdominal wall hernias, including ventral, incisional, inguinal and femoral hernias; and gallbladder and gallstone disease.
Clinical Locations
Huntsman Cancer InstituteClinic 2E, GI/Liver
University HospitalGeneral Surgery, Clinic 5
Board Certification and Academic Information
|Academic Departments
|Academic Divisions
|General Surgery
|Board Certification
|National Board of Medical Examiners
American Board of Surgery
Samuel R. G. Finlayson, MD, MPH, is Professor and Chair of the Department of Surgery at the University of Utah. He has a national reputation as a health services researcher focused on surgical access, quality, and outcomes. His interests include variation in use and outcomes of surgery, surgical care process innovation, surgeon workforce, and access to high quality surgical care in rural versus urban settings in the United States, and in low income and resource poor countries. His clinical practice is in minimally invasive abdominal surgery, with a particular interest in benign and malignant diseases of the colon, abdominal wall hernias, and biliary disease.
Dr. Finlayson was appointed Chair of the Department of Surgery in June, 2013, following two years as the Kessler Director of the Center for Surgery and Public Health, a joint health services research initiative of the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Prior to that, Dr. Finlayson spent a decade at Dartmouth Medical School where he served as Vice Chair of the Department of Surgery, and Director of the Surgical Residency Program. A graduate of Harvard College, Dr. Finlayson received his medical degree from Harvard Medical School and his Master of Public Health degree from the Harvard School of Public Health. He was trained in surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and completed a fellowship in health services research at Dartmouth.
Academic Locations
School of Medicine
Board Certification and Academic Information
|Academic Departments
|Academic Divisions
|General Surgery
|Board Certification
|National Board of Medical Examiners
American Board of Surgery
Research Interests
- Health Services
- Surgical Access, Quality, and Outcomes
- Global Health and Surgery
Education History
|Massachusetts General Hospital
General Surgery
Senior Resident
|Research Fellow
|Massachusetts General Hospital
Surgical Research
Research Fellow
|Research Fellow
|VA Medical Center
Surgical Outcomes Research
Research Fellow
|Massachusetts General Hospital
General Surgery
|Massachusetts General Hospital
General Surgery
|Graduate Training
|Harvard School of Public Health
International Health
|Professional Medical
|Harvard Medical School
|Harvard College
East Asian Languages and Civilization


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Because it is unfortunately that time of year and the state of the world is what it is, I am going on the market. This activity requires revising a "teaching dossier" in which I talk about my teaching style and pedagogical principles, etc. This year, in revising it, I am treading the same path that I have pursued in the past by defining philosophy ... and I find this task making me wonder, in a way much like my erstwhile colleague Dr. J, who has recently done so on her blog.
She has challenged myself and others to provide an explanation in 200 words, to avoid terminological pedantry and to distinguish between the profession and the discipline.
On my account, philosophy has two aspects and these aspects are actually not complementary, but indicate an internal conflict.
On the one hand, philosophy is an activity, by which I understand the skills of "critical thinking." That is, so as to counter the natural tendency of students to believe that philosophy is an abstract matter, I stress that as an activity philosophy depends upon the skills of reading, writing and discussion, which are skills that we use everyday, although not in the "critical" mode. I say a lot about the conditions for this critical thinking, but here I will only say that it should inspire "intellectual curiousity". Intellectual curiousity is a state, in which we encounter the world with the greatest of fascination. The accumulation of knowledge could allow our expectations and assumptions to make us bored with the world. Intellectual curiousity, by contrast, is a state in which we find the world fascinating, so as not to allow the possible cynicism of certain wisdom to afflict us.
On the other hand, philosophy is a vibrant historical discipline, meaning that it has passed down practices of thinking and questioning, determinations of appropriate objects, the canonization of important texts and philosophers. This history develops and changes in relation to the events that occur within philosophy, the academy and outside. Being a philosopher means knowing that history, appreciating it and contributing to it.
Now for the interesting part. I think that many contemporary philosophers accept the former description, presuming that philosophy inquires into meta-disciplinary areas, some traditionally occupied by philosophy (metaphysics) and others new (philosophy of science), but that they see themselves as related to their past as merely a narrative about what happened before. What is more, they liken their activity to the activities of theorists and scientists in other disciplines.
But I think those philosophers would be uncomfortable by the philosophers who work from and in the historical institution (I am one of those). That is, I am dubious about the scientific-like assumptions of philosophy as an activity, and instead perceive my work as reading and developing the history of philosophy. The big problem is this: I think that should be an end without being legitimated by possible application. In other words, I think that history should be done for its own sake--the antiquarian, I believe, that Nietzsche critiques in his famous essay.
A last brief note: I have no idea how to distinguish the discipline from the profession. The former it seems to me is the activity and the historical institution. My inclination is to hold the profession to be the conferences and professional societies and journals and publications. But it is equally reasonable to say that the profession is very much about teaching in the university system.
A pickle, as a Romanian philosopher used to say.


text:
Apple the 'Innovators' oviously fresh on ideas,, i love the new Galaxy Innovation, completely original...
Dude, 14 Feb 2014Too bad. This fake looks like a pretty awesome, Galaxy style iPhone.I knew Apple don't know how to design such thin bezels...
iPhone 6 will be like previous generations... Fat bezels and wastage of space.
AnonD-168372, 13 Feb 2014Apple also told us that plastic 5cs are fake, now what?Yeah you are right!!
Apple biggest lier..
So after years of accusing everyone of copying them, they crank out a ... S3 - COPY.
Now this will be the perfect size, and will patent it to the max...
people who desparately want to know how iphone6 looks like???
search for iphone4 or 4s or 5
thats it...
iphone6 is not gonnabe different...
if you check the ipad camera it doesn't have flashlight the device on the picture does have one so it maid be iphone ?!
Good, but our father want us to wait for 6S. the whole family will be enjoin using 5S for another year.
Missue, 13 Feb 2014LOL... People still care what new ip6 looks like? i thought after all these years fanboys got ... morewho gives a f*** if u care or not...lol, after all these years there are still ppl like you...
LOL... People still care what new ip6 looks like? i thought after all these years fanboys got used to it already ! and yes.. i dun care what apple come out with any more since 2011.
[deleted post]
how are you doing that my dear??
If this would be an iphone, than sue samsung sue they make big phones and this is patented for shure ;)
I'll never believe in ANY prototype *at all* without *borders* (this case). There are numerous issues by removing it - mostly ergonomic - therefore, not doable by any manufacturer... specially Apple, which cares so much about this.
same like pads all rounded now .. dont like it much .. i like sharp edges ip6 should be same as ip5 but just 5mm thin


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Here is a photo of the projects that I have been doing with people attending Stampin' Up! parties recently, a gorgeous little bag (which may contain some chocolate goodies!) and a matching card.
I've got a party o Wednesday where we will be making some more of these, and my host has taken my business name to heart and is serving cocktails as well!!
Would you like to host a party for your friends (cocktails optional) and make these great projects, get a chance to browse the Stampin' Up! catalogues, and, of course, purchase some amazing products? Now is a great time to do it as its Sale-a-bration. Not only will you get your normal hostess freebies (a minimum of £25 of free product with party orders over £150) but there are added hostess freebies of free silver glimmer paper and more!!!
And not only that, your guests get free gifts if they place an order of £45!!! For full details click here
I've also put together a Sale-a-bration bundle based on the card above, so you can get
Papillion Potpourri Stamps
Elegant Butterfly punch
An A4 card pack of your choice
An inkpad of your choice
and a pack of Gems
All for the bargain price of £45 (+ £2.50 postage)
And not only is it a bargain price, you also get to choose a free product from the Sale-a-bration leaflet here
Contact me before 20th March to take advantage of this great offer. If you want to host a party, contact me quickly, as dates during Sale-a-bration are filling fast!!!
Happy crafting


text:
Queen of Halloween – Heidi Klum Extravagant Costumes from 2000 till now!
If there is one celebrity that always does Halloween right, it is Heidi Klum! Every Halloween, she shows us a Halloween costume more outrageous than the last year. For 2014 Halloween party, Heidi spread her wings in another over-the-top costume – an elaborate butterfly ensemble. For the past years, Heidi has been an Alien, a corpse, a seriously convincing old Heidi, and some other outrageous looks that can't really be explained. Today, I would sharing with you Heidi's wild wardrobe choices for the holiday!
2014 – Butterfly
Heidi Klum may no longer be a Victoria Secret angel, but that didn't stop her from putting on a pair of wings, for her famous annual Heidi Halloween fete on Friday evening dressed as a butterfly.
2013 – Grandma Klum
Last year, Heidi Klum astonded us with the look of an old lady – Grandma Klum.
2012 – Cleopatra comin' atcha
Klum's costume plans were thwarted in 2012 when Hurricane Sandy hit America's East Coast. Instead of letting her Cleopatra-inspired costume go to waste the model changed the date to December 1 and had an extra month to perfect her look.
2011 part one – Ape evolution
Covered head-to-toe in simian-like hair, Klum even secured a pair of prosthetic monkey breasts for her ape evolution in 2011. Heidi's husband of seven years, Seal, made for a menacing baboon beau by her side.
2011 part two – Corpse
There's nothing more eery than wheeling into your own Halloween party on an autopsy table. With two blood-splattered doctors in tow, Klum was like a dead body with the first layer of skin ripped off.
2010 – Robo Klum
All Hallow's Eve 2010 saw Klum transform herself rather literally into a Transformer. The mother-of-four chose red and purple as her superhero colours and danced the night away (or not) in a pair of hydraulic crane shoes.
2009 – A Crow
For her first public appearance after the birth of her daughter Lou, Heidi dressed up as a crow. Of course she did.
2008 – Hindu goddess Kali
Picture Hindu goddess Kali and you'll probably recall her multiple, colourful arms. You probably won't envisage a bonus arm belt with bloody hands hanging off it, or a couple of decapitated heads clasped in her finger tips. Such was a blue-rinsed Klum's interpretation of Kali in 2008.
2007 – A black cat
Probably one of Heidi's more normal costumes, she disguised herself as a black cat to host a Halloween party at The Green Door in Hollywood.
2006 – Original Sin
Heidi Klum was heavily pregnant at the time. She was the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. Her then husband Seal was er, Eve.
2005 – the Vampire
Who knew vampires enjoyed burlesque fashion? With a bleeding heart pinned like a rosette on her corset and a cobweb cape trailing behind her, an ultra-curly Klum put other revellers to shame.
2004 – the go-go witch
Heidi's date for Halloween in 2004 was a, erm, skeleton, which enjoyed a piggy-back on the model for the duration of the evening. The model, herself, chose a red witch as her guise and navigated her way around the soirée with a mammoth wooden broom to keep her patent heeled boots steady.
2003 – Golden girl
Touching down at the 2003 haunted Halloween bash was a gold space alien with metallic armoury and thick braids bursting out of her golden helmet.
2002 – Betty Boop
By golly, doesn't Betty Boop look ferocious! Bedecked in blingtastic fake jewels, Heidi vamped up the poor caricature of a Jazz age flapper to within an inch of her flapper life.
2001 – Lady Godiva
Klum kicked off her Halloween career with a bang as a bloodied version of 11th-century Anglo-Saxon noblewoman, Lady Godiva. Rocking up to the 2001 party on horseback, in a latex catsuit and luminous, lengthy white wig, Klum stamped herself a serious spooky contender.
It all started in 2000, when Heidi — dressed like a mid-'90s Hot Topic assistant manager — threw her very first Halloween bash.
So, among all Heidi Klum's fabulous Halloweeb costumes, which one do you think is the best?