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Shippensburg University: Speech Code Litigation
Category: Free Speech
Schools: Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania
In April 2003, FIRE Legal Network attorneys David A. French and William Adair Bonner filed a complaint against Shippensburg University, challenging the legality of its speech code, on behalf of two unnamed students. The U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania later issued a preliminary injunction ordering Shippensburg to cease enforcement of certain aspects of the speech code. The attorneys reached an out-of-court settlement with Shippensburg in 2004, in which the school agreed to replace unconstitutional provisions of its Code of Conduct and to rewrite its Racism and Cultural Diversity Policy. Four years later, Shippensburg reinstated several unconstitutional provisions from the speech codes, in violation of the agreement. After the Alliance Defense Fund filed suit on behalf of several Shippensburg students in May 2008, the university again settled out of court, eliminating its unconstitutional speech codes once again.
Shippensburg University's Speech Codes (2003)
A Great Victory for Free Speech at Shippensburg
Court Order for Shippensburg University, September 4, 2003
Affidavit of Walter A. Bair
Complaint Against Shippensburg University
Complaint claims Shippensburg U. 'speech codes' discriminated against religious group
May 8, 2008
by Don Aines Herald-Mail The Alliance Defense Fund on Wednesday filed a complaint in federal court against Shippensburg University, claiming the university violated a 2004 settlement with a First Amendment advocacy group through "speech codes" that discriminated against a campus religious group. The complaint filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, states the university violated the 2004 agreement with the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) when it "reinserted unconstitutional provisions into current university policy," according to a press release from FIRE. That included "in many cases utilizing language copied seemingly verbatim from […]» Read More
Shippensburg sued for reinstating speech codes
May 8, 2008
Shippensburg University, located outside Harrisburg, is back in court four years after officials agreed to settle a lawsuit by repealing its controversial speech codes, which civil rights advocates argued infringed on the First Amendment rights of students. Claiming the university breached a previous settlement agreement, civil rights attorneys filed another lawsuit against the university Wednesday claiming the school reinstated a number of unconstitutional speech codes, some containing the exact language of those originally challenged. "Shippensburg's 'courthouse conversion' several years ago, when it promised to respect the First Amendment and change its ways, has now proven insincere," said ADF senior legal […]» Read More
When Speech Becomes a Crime
June 28, 2006
By Cinnamon Stillwell at San Francisco Chronicle Roman Catholic Robert Smith is fired from an appointment on the Washington Metro transit authority board by Maryland Governor Robert Ehrlich for the crime of saying that he doesn't approve of homosexuality. Journalist and author Oriana Fallaci cannot visit her native country of Italy for fear of being thrown in prison because of a lawsuit brought against her by the Italian Muslim Union for the crime of "defaming Islam." British neo-Nazi David Irving is sentenced to three years in prison in Austria for a 1989 speech in which he committed the crime of […]» Read More
Campus Conscience Police?
December 21, 2005
"Over one's inner mind, and self, no one has coercive power." So write attorneys Jordan Lorence and Harvey A. Silverglate, authors of the just-published Guide to First-Year Orientation and Thought Reform on Campus from the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE). The Guide is yet another indication that political correctness is faltering on campuses across North America. To those who value the right of individuals to a conscience—that is, to judge right and wrong for themselves—this is welcome news. Political correctness is the belief that certain ideas and attitudes are improper and, so, should be discouraged or prohibited by […]» Read More
Bad Frog Beer to 'intelligent design'
October 17, 2005
Until he was assigned Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, U.S. District Judge John E. Jones 3d was probably best known, if at all, for some controversial decisions while presiding over Pennsylvania's state-run liquor system. As chairman of the Liquor Control Board for seven years, Jones spearheaded then-Gov. Tom Ridge's failed campaign to privatize the state stores and banned the sale of Bad Frog Beer because he thought that the label broke the boundaries of good taste. The offending label featured a frog flipping the bird. Today, Jones is presiding over the most closely watched trial in America. Kitzmiller v. […]» Read More
Wronging student rights
September 3, 2005
By Greg Lukianoff in The Boston Globe As summer ends and college students return to campus, a number of dreadful court decisions may cause them to wonder if their rights have taken a permanent vacation. While the past decades have hardly been a golden age for student rights, there was good reason to be optimistic in recent years. Speech codes fell at colleges from New York to California, the Department of Education finally clarified that "harassment" does not mean just being offended, and Texas Tech University had to admit that its lone 20-foot-wide "free speech gazebo" was inadequate space for […]» Read More
Liberating America's Intellectual Gulags
April 15, 2005
David French knows what intimidation is. French, the new President of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, graduated from Harvard Law School in the early 1990s. One might say that anyone with similar credentials ought to know the definition of intimidation – but French's experience is a bit more personal than that."As a pro-life, Christian conservative, I received death threats in my campus mailbox, was shouted down by students and (once) was even shouted down in class by my own professor," he says about his years in Cambridge. French now spends much of his time explaining to university general […]» Read More
Beware of universities that wear diversity label
April 14, 2004
In far too many instances, what passes as college life and education today is no less than shameful. Under the name of diversity and political correctness, billions of taxpayer dollars and donor contributions are used to promote what might be charitably called enlightened racism, uniformity of thought and political proselytizing. Let's look at some of it.The student code of Shippensburg University, in Pennsylvania, said that students had a "right to express a personal belief system" but only if such expression did not "demean," "annoy" or "alarm" others. Thus, if a student expressed a distaste for race or sex preferences in […]» Read More
Campus rules overreach
March 3, 2004
USA Today Following the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, several students at Shippensburg (Pa.) University put up posters in their dorms depicting Osama bin Laden in a rifle's crosshairs. But school officials ordered the posters removed. The students said they were told the signs might offend other dorm residents. In response to that bit of political correctness run amok, a group representing the students sued the university, claiming its code of student conduct limits free speech. A federal judge agreed. Last week, the school revised its code, which had banned "any unwanted conduct which annoys, demeans or alarms." The case illustrates […]» Read More
The Philadelphia Inquirer, USA Today, and the Pasadena Star-News on FIRE
March 3, 2004
Universities still do not comprehend that their contempt for free speech places them far, far outside of the mainstream of American public opinion. In particular, they seem continually surprised that the media, who live or die by the Bill of Rights, understand freedom of expression full well. The March 1 lead editorial of The Philadelphia Inquirer, an editorial in today's USA Today, and yet another editorial in the Pasadena Star-News offer a compelling textbook education, if academic administrators are willing to listen, in the relationship of higher education and freedom of speech.» Read More
University alters code of conduct in wake of challenge
March 2, 2004
By Don Aines at The Herald-Mail SHIPPENSBURG, Pa. – Shippensburg University has changed Portions of its student code of conduct and replaced its Racism and Cultural Diversity Policy in response to a successful court challenge by two students who said it violated their First Amendment rights, the students' attorney said. The university announced last week it replaced the Racism and Cultural Diversity Policy with a statement of principles regarding its commitment to educational diversity. Sections of the code of conduct also were changed in accordance with a ruling by Judge John E. Jones III of the U.S. District Court for the Middle District […]» Read More
Shippensburg agrees to drop speech code rules
February 25, 2004» Read More
College relents on speech policy
February 25, 2004» Read More
University agrees to change its speech code
February 25, 2004» Read More
Code of Conduct amended at SU
February 25, 2004» Read More
Free speech dilemmas; Free speech 'zones' and 'codes' go from campus to court
January 12, 2004
The free speech wars continue to be waged on university campuses, producing their fair share of First Amendment litigation.While campus "speech codes" that discipline students for offensive or so-called "politically incorrect" speech have been roundly condemned by the courts, they are still generating controversy.But still to be tested are "free speech zones," which confine free speech activities to a specific area of a campus. Such zones are vulnerable to challenge if used as a kind of banishment that isolates speakers from their intended audience.Greg C. Lukianoff, director of legal and public advocacy for the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, […]» Read More
Confronting the campus radicals
January 7, 2004
David Horowitz thinks that anybody who cares about the future should confront the fact that U.S. colleges and universities are the fountainhead of financing for the radical movement in America. He has personally taken up the challenge to do something about this.Horowitz was a left-wing campus activist in the 1960s, but he says that men who were too radical even for him and Ramparts, the magazine he edited in the 1960s, now hold tenure at major universities. During the 1970s, these hardcore leftists achieved critical mass on university faculties, took control of hiring committees, and then saw to it that […]» Read More
Survey: many college students fuzzy on first amendment rights
January 1, 2004
PHILADELPHIA — One out of four college students in a nationwide survey was unable to name any of the freedoms protected by the First Amendment, according to a free-speech watchdog group."These survey results are disheartening, but they unfortunately are not surprising," says Alan Charles Kors, president of the nonprofit Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE).Even among campus administrators who were surveyed, from presidents to assistant deans, 11 percent couldn't name any specific First Amendment rights, the survey indicated. And when asked which freedom the amendment addresses first, only 2 percent of the students and 6 percent of the administrators […]» Read More
College Lite: less filling tastes great?
October 17, 2003» Read More
Code of silence: Let's return free speech to college campuses
September 20, 2003» Read More
Stifling freedom
September 19, 2003» Read More
Free Speech on Campus?
September 15, 2003» Read More
FIRE Hopes to Incinerate University Speech Codes
September 9, 2003» Read More
College code of conduct rejected
September 8, 2003» Read More
Judge finds college rule infringes speech rights
September 6, 2003» Read More
Judge issues injunction in free speech case
September 6, 2003» Read More
Court overrules campus speech code
September 5, 2003» Read More
Ruling expected on lawsuit
September 3, 2003» Read More
Campus rights clarification
September 2, 2003» Read More
Ed. Dept. addresses speech codes
August 28, 2003» Read More
SU dismissed from lawsuit
August 26, 2003» Read More
Lawsuit's 'John Doe' identifies himself
August 2, 2003» Read More
Speech Codes: Alive and Well at Colleges…
August 1, 2003
By Greg Lukianoff and Harvey Silverglate at The Chronicle of Higher Education Five years ago, a higher-education editor for The New York Times informed one of us, Harvey Silverglate, that Neil L. Rudenstine — then president of Harvard University — had insisted that Harvard did not have, much less enforce, any "speech codes." Silverglate suggested the editor dig deeper, because virtually any undergraduate could contest the president's claim. A mere three years earlier, the faculty of the Harvard Law School had adopted "Sexual Harassment Guidelines" targeted at "seriously offensive" speech. The guidelines were passed in response to a heated campus […]» Read More
SU student claims college violated rights
July 30, 2003» Read More
Grad defends suit
July 30, 2003» Read More
Activists Still Fighting War of Free Speech on Campus
June 17, 2003
By John Elvin at Insight Magazine Shades of the 1960s. According to an Associated Press report, students and activists on college campuses around the country are taking the institutions to court over rules they claim inhibit free speech. One focal point of the controversy is the offering of designated areas on campus where students can carry on as they like. The protesters say such rules are in effect a ban on speaking their minds anywhere else at the colleges and universities. Another issue is the ban in effect or under consideration at some institutions that target "offensive speech." The article […]» Read More
Trial By FIRE
June 1, 2003» Read More
War of Words
May 23, 2003
By Beth McMurtrie at The Chronicle of Higher Education Advocacy group says campus speech codes are unconstitutional; many colleges say their policies are being distorted A lawsuit filed against Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania last month has rekindled a debate about whether policies designed to protect students from harassment violate the First Amendment. Two undergraduates, backed by a national campus free-speechadvocacy group, sued the state institution, arguing that its policies governing student conduct are unconstitutionally vague, too broad, and discriminate on the basis of religious and political viewpoints. The lawsuit is the first volley in a new campaign by the Foundation for Individual […]» Read More
Speech Pathology
May 16, 2003» Read More
The Right to Speak Up
May 14, 2003» Read More
Fire on American Campuses
May 7, 2003» Read More
University attacked by rights group
May 4, 2003» Read More
Campus Freedom
May 4, 2003
Richmond Times-Dispatch The other day the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) began a sustained assault against the Orwellian speech codes so many of the nation's colleges and universities have imposed. It filed suit against little-known Shippensburg University in Pennsylvania; during the next year it plans to file suit in each of the 12 federal appellate circuits. Here's hoping it enjoys the success of the troops in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Shippensburg might not make many headlines, but it richly deserves the case brought against it. Its student code of conduct alleges students have a "primary" right to be free […]» Read More
Free speech not matter of 'acceptability'
May 1, 2003» Read More
College taken to court by free-speech group
April 28, 2003» Read More
Don't choke off speech
April 28, 2003» Read More
Stifling Speech
April 28, 2003» Read More
Race, Diversity, Speech Rights, Dress Codes
April 27, 2003
By Scott Norvell at FOXnews A group of Boston ministers who used to enjoy free golfing at a city-owned course is saying the decision to rescind that privilege is racist, reported the Boston Globe. A city contract to run the course in Franklin Park, Mass., previously allowed the mayor, the parks commissioner and "duly ordained ministers" to play without paying greens fees. But last week, after details of the contract were revealed, the policy was abolished. The Rev. James Allen, pastor of the Shekinah Glory Church of God in Christ in Mattapan, Mass., said the decision was unfair because a […]» Read More
Lawsuit called frivolous
April 26, 2003» Read More
Pa. college sued for speech code
April 25, 2003» Read More
University Speech Codes Under Fire
April 25, 2003
By Steve Jordahl at Family News Restrictions on free speech at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania are under fire. The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) has filed a lawsuit against the school to remove what it calls a "speech code." In the university's code of conduct, students are warned against "unconscious attitudes" that might surface in their speech. Still, Shippensburg's spokesman Pete Gigliotti vehemently denies that they have a speech code. "This university has and always will vigorously defend the right to free speech," Gigliotti said. "We feel free speech is an important aspect of education and we encourage our students to […]» Read More
University 'Speech Codes' Under Fire
April 25, 2003
By Sue Collins at Plastic "Should a university have the right to establish 'speech codes' prescribing how, where, and in some cases, what a student may say?" ms_sue_collins asks. "The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education has begun a national campaign against such restrictions, saying that they amount to unconstitutional censorship. The group has filed a federal lawsuit against Shippensburg University in Pennysylvania and its president, Anthony Ceddia, on behalf of two students who wish to remain anonymous. The suit contends that the university's code of conduct has a 'chilling effect' on the students' right to express or discuss their ideas. Although there […]» Read More
Suit Challenges a University's Speech Code
April 24, 2003» Read More
University Free Speech Bolstered
April 24, 2003» Read More
Some see no limits others 'favoritism'
April 24, 2003» Read More
Group takes aim at campus speech codes
April 24, 2003» Read More
Group Sues Pa. Univ. Over 'Speech Codes'
April 23, 2003» Read More
University in Pa. sued over speech code
April 23, 2003» Read More
Victory for Free Speech at Shippensburg: After Violating Terms of 2004 Settlement, University Once Again Dismantles Unconstitutional Speech Code
October 24, 2008
Shippensburg University (SU) has agreed―again―to dismantle its unconstitutional speech code. In a victory for free speech on campus, the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) announced yesterday that it had reached an out-of-court settlement with Shippensburg. The settlement ends ADF's lawsuit, filed this past May, which alleged that the university had violated the terms of a 2004 agreement in which the school had promised to rescind or reform its unconstitutional speech code. The 2004 agreement was reached after a federal district judge issued a preliminary injunction against enforcement of its speech code, finding that many of the code's provisions "could certainly be […]» Read More
Shippensburg Issues Statement on Speech Code Lawsuit, Blames Student Government for Constitutional Violations
May 15, 2008
Shippensburg has released a statement in response to the federal lawsuit the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) filed against the school. In the lawsuit, ADF charged that Shippensburg unconstitutionally reinstated its speech codes in violation of a previous settlement, and denied recognition to a student organization based on its viewpoint. In its statement, Shippensburg concedes that reinstating the speech codes violated the settlement, and pledges to work harder to make sure the speech codes are not in place in the future. The school claims to have a commitment to free speech and upholding its students' constitutional rights. Unfortunately, alongside its pledge […]» Read More
Federal Lawsuit Filed against Shippensburg University for Violation of Settlement Repealing Unconstitutional Speech Codes
May 7, 2008
In a press release today, FIRE announces that a complaint has been filed in federal court today by attorneys from the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) against Shippensburg University. The complaint alleges that Shippensburg University has dishonestly reinstituted unconstitutional policies in violation of the terms of a 2004 legal settlement reached with members of FIRE's Legal Network. The settlement in 2004 came after the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania issued a preliminary injunction against the university, ordering Shippensburg's then-president, Anthony F. Ceddia, not to enforce unconstitutional provisions of Shippensburg's code. The settlement ended a lawsuit brought by […]» Read More
Federal Lawsuit Filed against Shippensburg University as School Blatantly Violates Settlement Repealing Unconstitutional Speech Codes
May 7, 2008
SHIPPENSBURG, Pa., May 7, 2008—A complaint filed in federal court today by attorneys from the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF) alleges that Shippensburg University has dishonestly reinstituted unconstitutional policies in violation of the terms of a 2004 legal settlement reached with members of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education's (FIRE's) Legal Network. The existing settlement was reached in February 2004 after the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania issued a preliminary injunction against the university, ordering Shippensburg's then-president, Anthony F. Ceddia, not to enforce unconstitutional provisions of Shippensburg's code. The settlement ended a lawsuit brought by FIRE […]» Read More
Speech codes make universities intolerant
January 5, 2006
Have you ever known a legislator who didn't think his job was terribly important?Imagine the campaign slogan: "Elect me, because who really cares?" Or the direct-mail letters: "It'd be nice if you sent me a donation — but it doesn't really matter." The very concept is ridiculous. But apparently someone forgot to tell that to state Rep. Dan Surra, D-Elk. Surra has been quoted in the news media as calling a committee on which he himself serves a "colossal waste of time." This "colossal waste" is the bipartisan Select Committee on Student Academic Freedom, established last year via House Resolution […]» Read More
Shippensburg University: Freedom of Speech 101
March 1, 2004
Since the beginning, America has struggled with the concept of free speech. It's a great idea in the abstract. But when reality hits – when free speech alarms, threatens and offends – the temptation is to rein it in. But then it's not free speech anymore. Universities have become prime places to witness this free speech dilemma. Virtually all institutions of higher learning today declare devotion to free speech and encourage students from diverse backgrounds to express themselves in equal measure.At the same time – as if terrified all this free speaking might cross too many boundaries – universities also […]» Read More
A Great Victory for Free Speech at Shippensburg
February 24, 2004
SHIPPENSBURG, PA—In a historic victory for free speech on college and university campuses, Shippensburg University in Pennsylvania, which first vehemently defended its extensive restrictions upon student free speech, has agreed to repeal its unconstitutional speech code. The settlement comes after the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania issued a preliminary injunction against the university in September, ordering Shippensburg's president, Anthony F. Ceddia, not to enforce provisions of Shippensburg's code. The successful lawsuit was brought by Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) Legal Network attorneys David A. French and William Adair Bonner as the inaugural suit in […]» Read More


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Dear visitor, welcome to SPRINKLER TALK FORUM - You Got Questions, We've Got Answers. If this is your first visit here, please read the Help. It explains how this page works. You must be registered before you can use all the page's features. Please use the registration form, to register here or read more information about the registration process. If you are already registered, please login here.
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subset: commoncrawl


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2018 New Zealand & Australia Golf Cruise
Azamara Club Cruises is proud to again partner with PerryGolf™ for an exceptional golf and sightseeing voyage to Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand on board the outstanding Azamara Journey®.
Your voyage begins in Auckland with 13 nights, 9 ports of call and 5-6 rounds ahead as you sail the North and South Islands before leaving New Zealand through astounding Milford Sound bound for Sydney. The golf is equally spectacular beginning with world #39 Kauri Cliffs and jaw dropping #40 Cape Kidnappers. Rounds at The Kinloch Club, Christchurch Golf Club, Chisholm Links and Jack's Point (optional) complete the set. Sightseers will have a range of impressive choices available through Azamara Land Discovers® in every port including Waitangi, Tauranga, Napier, Wellington, Picton, Akaroa, Dunedin and Sydney.
Departing: 22 February 2018
Duration: 13 Nights
Ship: Azamara Journey
Golf: 5-6 Rounds
Golf Courses
Matauri Bay: Kauri Cliffs
Lake Taupo: The Kinloch Club
Hawke's Bay: Cape Kidnappers
Akaroa: Christchurch Golf Club, Shirley Links
Dunedin: Chisholm Links
Queenstown: Jack's Point (optional)
Cruise Ports
- Auckland, New Zealand
- Waitangi, Bay Of Islands, New Zealand
- Russell, Bay Of Islands, New Zealand
- Tauranga, New Zealand
- Napier, New Zealand
- Wellington, New Zealand
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Golf Package, price per person: $3,595
Queenstown Jack's Point option: $1,275 per person
Our golf packages are in addition to the cost of your selected suite or stateroom.
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Synopsis of the Books of the Bible, by John Nelson Darby, [1857-62], at sacred-texts.com
Psalm 117 is the calling the other nations and peoples to come and praise Jehovah, who will be now King over all the earth. They join and are brought happily into this relationship, Jehovah being made known to them by His ways with Israel. Merciful kindness is here, as ever, first; and truth enduring for ever, which no failure has made to fail. This, as the last, is a hallelujah.


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Graduate Catalog
2012 – 2013
Office of Graduate Studies and Extended Education
McKelvie Hall, 102 W. Rosedale Avenue
West Chester University
West Chester, PA 19383
Phone: 610-436-2943
Fax: 610-436-2763
Revised June 2018
106B Recitation Hall
West Chester University
West Chester, PA 19383
Dr. Baloche, Interim Chairperson
Dr. DiLuccio, Graduate Coordinator
Lynda Baloche, Ed.D., Temple University
Gail Bollin, Ph.D., University of Delaware
David F. Brown, Ed.D., University of Tennessee
Wei Wei Cai, Ed.D., Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Martha Drobnak, Ed.D., Nova University
Connie DiLucchio, Ed.D., University of Pennsylvania
Donna Sanderson, Ed.D., University of Pennsylvania
Frances Slostad, Ed.D., Immaculata University
Sally Winterton, Ed.D., University of Pennsylvania
Karen Everett, Ph.D., University of Albany
Linda Hanna, Ed.D., Immaculata University
Sara Lamb Kistler, Ph.D., University of Delaware
Heather Leaman, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University
Vicky M. Patton, Ph.D., Temple University
The Department of Elementary Education offers graduate programs in the following: a post-baccalaureate certification program in elementary education; a master of education degree in elementary education with an emphasis in applied studies in teaching and learning; and a certificate of advanced graduate study. Courses are available to teachers desiring Level II Pennsylvania elementary certification, Act 48 credits, or professional growth.
On June 1, 1987, the Pennsylvania State Board of Education implemented revisions to the Pennsylvania School Code. These revisions require all students who apply for Pennsylvania teaching certificates to pass competency tests in basic skills, general knowledge, professional knowledge, and specific knowledge of the subjects in which they seek teacher certification. Students also must demonstrate that they have met the requirement for computer literacy.
As changes are made in requirements for elementary certification, it is the student's responsibility to satisfy the new requirements.
The State Board of Education adopted changes that affect all of Pennsylvania's teacher certification programs by adding nine credits or 270 hours or equivalent combination for adaptations and accommodations for diverse students in an inclusive setting, and three credits or 90 hours or equivalent combination to meet the instructional needs of English language learners. Although these regulatory changes became effective on September 22, 2007, the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) has not yet developed final requirements for colleges/universities to follow. Therefore, additional program requirements will be developed and incorporated into the certification programs to comply with new regulations that become effective January 1, 2013.
The State Board of Education also adopted changes specific to early childhood, elementary (K-6), and special education. New certification guidelines will apply January 1, 2013 regardless of a candidate's enrollment date. Candidates seeking current certifications must complete their program by August 2012.
After the student's application has been submitted to West Chester University's Office of Graduate Studies and Extended Education and appropriate transcripts have been received, the student will be mailed information regarding the program and advisement.
(For students completing the program by August 2013)
This program is designed for students who did not major in elementary education as an undergraduate. The program consists of a coherent group of courses and field experiences that are designed to help students attain the competencies required by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) for Level I certification. Successful completion of the program qualifies one for the K-6 Pennsylvania Instructional I certification.
Once a student is accepted into the certification program, his/her transcripts are evaluated by the graduate coordinator to determine what course work would be required to complete certification requirements. The student is sent a checklist of courses required for the completion of his/her individual certification program in his/her acceptance letter from the department.
Pennsylvania Certification Requirements
Any person seeking an Instructional I Certificate in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania must achieve the scores established as passing by the Pennsylvania Department of Education on the Praxis PPST 10710: Reading, 10730; Math, 20720; Writing (taken as part of admission to the program and formal admission to teacher education process); Praxis 30511: Fundamental Subjects: Content Knowledge (to be taken and passed prior to admission to the program); and Praxis 10011 Elementary Education: Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment (to be taken prior to student teaching and passed for certification).
Certification Process
Students must apply for certification. Application forms for, and information about, certification are available from the Certification Office in the College of Education which is located in Recitation Hall. This office provides information on Pennsylvania certification regulations and assists students seeking information on certifications in other states.
Students must successfully complete the curriculum, obtain passing scores on the state-mandated Praxis II test (currently Elementary Education: Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment) plus any additional state-mandated requirements.
They also must achieve an overall minimum GPA of 3.0.
Students applying for the certification program should be aware that a limited number of spaces are available in the program. Some students who meet the minimum requirements may not be admitted due to this space limitation.
To maintain active graduate status, students enrolled in the initial elementary education teaching certification program are required to maintain continuous enrollment in the graduate program by registering for GSR 799 during any semesters they do not register for courses. If students register for undergraduate courses only during any semester, they must also register for GSR 799 to maintain active graduate status. GSR 799 is not a course and, therefore, does not incur any cost to students.
Refer also to "Formal Admission to Teacher Education for Certification" under "Academic Information and Requirements."
Credit summary: Without considering analysis of undergraduate and/or transfer courses for equivalency, students complete 54 semester hours for certification.
For the post-baccalaureate program, students must take the Praxis II Curriculum Instruction and Assessment Examination before admission to student teaching and pass the Praxis II CIA examination as a means of completing the teacher education program. (Post-baccalaureate applicants must submit passing scores on the Praxis II Fundamental Subjects: Content Knowledge as an admission requirement.)
The elementary education master's degree with an emphasis in applied studies in teaching and learning gives experienced educators an opportunity to advance the knowledge and skills needed to be practitioner-leaders within their profession. This program recognizes the value of experience; it has been developed to strengthen and deepen the practice of educators through course work designed to emphasize reflection, collaboration, and classroom-base inquiry.
This 36-credit program includes an 18-credit core requirement, a 12-credit area of focused inquiry, the development of a professional portfolio, and a six-credit, classroom-based inquiry project.
The certificate of advanced graduate study (CAGS) is designed for students who already possess a master's degree and who want to expand their knowledge in a given area, or to broaden it to include other areas. Such students normally do not wish to undertake a doctoral program but, at the same time, prefer the guidance and structure offered by a program such as the CAGS.
Important information about the educational debt, earnings, and completion rates of students who attended this program.
A student who wishes to pursue the CAGS must:
A minimum of 30 semester hours earned beyond the master's degree is required. Students accepted into the program will pursue a plan of study to meet their individual needs. Plans will be developed with the major adviser and be approved by the student's supervising committee. Previous course work taken will be considered in the development of the student's program. Also, the suggested program will be presented to the departmental graduate committee for approval. Course work may be arranged as follows:
A maximum of six hours of approved transfer credit earned after the master's degree may be applied to the proposed program if the courses complement the area of specialization and if the credits were earned within a period of three years before entering this program.
Successful completion of the program requires that the student:
520 Writing Development and Instruction (3) Strategies for teaching the language arts. Methods, materials, and resources for organizing creative programs in school settings. This course is crosslisted as EDR 520.
526 Professional Dimensions of Teaching and Learning (3) An introduction to the dimensions of teaching and learning in the context of the culturally responsive, elementary classroom. Observations and supervised experiences in field-based settings are required.
530 Social Studies in Elementary Education (3) Interdisciplinary and multicultural strategies for developing concepts, skills, and values in the social studies program.
532 Teaching and Learning: Linking Theory to Practice (3) This course is intended to help teachers connect knowledge of curriculum design and learning theory with the development of culturally responsive curriculum and effective classroom practice.
533 Social Studies and Health Education in the Elementary School (3) An interdisciplinary overview of the content, context, purpose, and strategies for teaching history, geography, the social sciences, and health education in the elementary classroom. National, state, and local standards are used as frameworks for exploration.
543 Creative Expression in the Elementary School (3) Theories and techniques to promote creative thinking and enhance children's creative potential in all areas of the school curriculum.
544 Integrating Creativity and the Arts Across the Curriculum (3) An examination of creativity theory and the arts disciplines, with emphases on the purposes and processes of integrating arts skills and knowledge across the elementary curriculum.
548 Curriculum Theory and Trends in Elementary Education (3) Theoretical frameworks of elementary school curricula; curriculum development and change. To be taken after 15 hours of work.
549 Theory and Trends in the Language Arts (3) Analysis and evaluation of language arts programs, including reading in the modern elementary school. PREREQ: EDE 548. This course is crosslisted as EDR 549.
551 Child and Adolescent Behavior I (3) A survey of characteristic development and behavior of children between 5 and 13 years of age, situated within theories of human development with emphasis on application to classroom settings. Open to elementary education majors only.
552 The Middle School Child (3) Development, behavior, and specific needs during late childhood and early adolescence (10-15 years); applies to working with children in the middle school. PREREQ: Recent course in child/human development.
553 Child and Adolescent Behavior II (3) Review of principles of growth and development. Theories of personality development; clues to identifying children with problems; therapies applicable to elementary and adolescent school children. Case study may be required. PREREQ: A recent course in child development and completion of 15 hours of course work.
554 The Reflective Teacher: Examining Cultural Paradigms in the Contemporary Classroom (3) An investigation of the origins of popular, personal, and theoretical constructions of teaching and learning processes and how these constructions influence contemporary practice.
555 The Classroom as Content and Context for Learning (3) Exploration and application of models and theories to facilitate analysis of the classroom with emphases on the complex intra- and interpersonal processes that determine the personal, social, and ecological contexts for learning.
556 Human Development (3) Study of cross-culturally evolving perspectives on healthy developmental processes in children and adults. Application of findings to interaction between teachers and learners within the contexts of family, school, and community. PREREQ: EDE 554.
557 The Foundations of Cooperative Learning (3) Exploration of various theories, models, and strategies for cooperative learning, with the goal of systematic implementation into all areas of the school curriculum.
560 Culturally Responsive Education (3) This course is designed to help educators address issues related to diversity in the classroom. Students will explore their own cultural self identity and the importance of valuing multiple perspectives in preparing and implementing instruction.
562 Integrating Thinking Skills into the Curriculum (3) Provides the rationale and theory base for including thinking skills in instructional strategies. Opportunities to apply thinking strategies to curricula are provided through models of teaching.
563 Teacher as Leader (3) This course will provide students with an opportunity to study further their own role in change processes through an examination of teacher leadership.
565 Effective Classroom Management (3) Dynamics of interpersonal relations in planning and facilitating classroom instruction.
570 Supervision in the Elementary School (3) Concepts and practices in supervision of teachers, student teachers, and aides. PREREQ: Course work in elementary education and child development.
571 Educational Change: A Systemic View (3) Exploration of theories and models of educational change, with emphases on systems thinking and the central role of the teacher in the change process. PREREQ: EDE 532, 554, 556; EDF 583; EDR 535.
580-589 Workshops in Elementary Education (1-6) Additional course numbers will be assigned as new areas of study are announced. Credits vary. The series currently includes:
580 Workshop in Elementary Education
583 Workshop in Creativity
585 Workshop in Language Arts
586 Workshop in Curriculum Enrichment
588 Workshop in Gifted and Talented
589 Workshop in Humanizing Teaching and Learning
590 Independent Study (1) Enrollment by permission only; number of credits determined by instructor.
591-593 Special Topics (1-3)
598 Workshop in Elementary Education (3)
600 Research Report (1-2)
610 Thesis (4-6)
611 Teacher as Classroom Researcher (6) This course explores the role of classroom research in the professional life of the teacher. With the goal of informing personal practice and collegial discourse, participants review existing literature, design and carry out an investigation in their own setting, and report results to professional colleagues. PREREQ: EDE 532, 535, 554, 556, 571; EDF 583.


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Chapter Contents
|Sample Size and Power Calculations
In a test of equivalence, a treatment mean and a reference mean are compared to each other. Equivalence is taken to be the alternative hypothesis, and the null hypothesis is nonequivalence. The model assumed may be additive or multiplicative. In the additive model (Phillips 1990), the focus is on the difference between the treatment mean and the reference mean, while in the multiplicative model (Diletti, Hauschke, and Steinijans 1991), the focus is on the ratio of the treatment mean to the reference mean.
In the additive model, the null hypothesis is that the difference between the treatment mean and the reference mean is not near zero. That is, the difference is less than the lower equivalence bound or greater than the upper equivalence bound and thus nonequivalent.
The alternative is that the difference is between the equivalence bounds; therefore, the two means are considered to be equivalent.
In the multiplicative model, the null hypothesis is that the ratio of the treatment mean to the reference mean is not near one. That is, the ratio is below the lower equivalence bound or above the upper equivalence bound, and thus the two means are not equivalent. The alternative is that the ratio is between the bounds; thus, the two means are considered to be equivalent.
The power of a test is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative is true. In this case, the power is the probability of accepting equivalence when the treatments are in fact equivalent, that is, the treatment difference or ratio is within the prespecified boundaries.
Often, the null difference is specified to be 0; the null hypothesis is that the treatment difference is less than the lower bound or greater than the upper bound, and the alternative is that the difference is not outside the bounds specified. However, in a case where you suspect that the treatments differ slightly (for example, , ,), but you want to rule out a larger difference (for example, ) with probability equal to the power you select, you would specify the null difference to be 1 and the lower and upper bounds to be -2 and 2, respectively. Note that the null difference must lie within the bounds you specify.
To perform this computation, select
Figure 12.10 displays the resulting dialog.
For this analysis, you need to input the model type, null difference, coefficient of variation, and the usual alpha level. In addition, you need to specify the equivalence bounds.
These bounds should be chosen to be the minimum difference so that, if the treatments differed by at least this amount, you would consider them to be different. For the multiplicative model, enter the bioequivalence lower and upper limits. For the additive model, enter the bioequivalence lower and upper limits as percentages of the reference mean and .
For the null difference or ratio, specify one or more values for the null hypothesis difference between the treatment and reference means (additive model) or the ratio of means (multiplicative model). The null difference/ratio value must lie within the equivalence bounds you specify. For the additive model, specify the null difference as a percentage of the reference mean ,where is the hypothesized treatment mean, and is the hypothesized reference mean. For the multiplicative model, calculate the null ratio as .
You must also input one or more values for the coefficient of variation (c.v.). For the additive model, enter this as a percentage of the reference mean , which can be estimated by . For the multiplicative model, the coefficient of variation is defined as .You can estimate by , where is the residual variance of the logarithmically transformed observations. That is, can be estimated by from the ANOVA of the transformed observations.
To produce sample size computations for the preceding problem, follow these steps:
Figure 12.11 displays the completed dialog.
The results are displayed in Figure 12.12.
The results consist of the sample sizes for a power of 0.80 for the values of the null difference, as displayed in Figure 12.12. These results are for the alpha level of 0.05. For a null difference of 0.10, the sample size is 51. For a null difference of 0.15, the sample size jumps to 200.
Chapter Contents
Copyright © 1999 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.


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COLUMBUS, Ohio -- On Wednesday, while the LA Galaxy were playing the Columbus Crew, the United States' national team was making history.
LA Galaxy captain Landon Donovan and the rest of the U.S. team defeated Mexico on Orange, Calif. native Michael Orozco-Fiscal's 80th minute to win 1-0 for the U.S.' first victory on Mexican soil vs. El Tri.
Following the U.S.' historic victory, I caught up with Galaxy defender Todd Dunivant, a recipient of two U.S. appearances, for his thoughts on the win.
DUNIVANT: "It's massive, even though it's a friendly and it doesn't really mean anything, it means the world to soccer in the U.S. and the fact that we've never won in Mexico. I think that there's been a lot of talk about how good Mexico has been and how they've suddenly jumped so far ahead of the U.S. and we just had the first time we ever won in Mexico. So it makes quite a statement, it's not to say that suddenly everything is different, but it's a huge statement for our country and I think that everyone is really proud of that."


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goude407 on Family Tree Circles
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Journals and Posts
Looking for May Ward (Dooley) married Albert Elwyn Ward
Trying to make a connection to the Dooleys who emigrated from England to Tasmania Australia. May Dooley was born 1887 in Runcorn, Cheshire, England. She married Albert Elwyn Ward in Tasmania. They had to two children Denderah and Terence Ward. They moved to Dunedin New Zealand and eventually to Christchurch New Zealand. May's parents were Joseph Benjamin Dooley and Annie Wileman (Whileman). They are both buried in Dunedin New Zealand.
Denderah May Ward was my grandmother.
Like to find more about the Dooley family.
Hope someone can help.
Many thanks,
Mark Gould
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Michael Douglas' representative denies reports of marriage trouble
Editors at America's National Enquirer magazine allege the Hollywood couple is heading for divorce amid claims Douglas has walked out on the Welsh beauty, who is facing a "desperate battle" to save her 12-year marriage.
Sources told the tabloid the Wall Street icon moved out of the family home for several months last summer (12), but a spokesperson for Douglas has dismissed the claims made in the sensational cover story, telling the New York Post the rumours are "not true".
Douglas and Zeta-Jones showed no signs of marriage trouble last month (Jan13) when they walked the red carpet at the New York premiere of the actress' new film Side Effects hand in hand.
Both stars are expected to attend the Oscars on Sunday (24Feb13).


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The Club Last Post
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4. As the thread owner, in this forum you have the ability to edit your posts or to delete your thread, so once the item has moved, please delete the thread (or the item in the thread if you have several items listed in the same thread).
5. We may ask you to reconsider your listing if the item has been sitting around for a really, really, long time... Like they say, everything's for sale, for the right price!
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Welcome to our newest member, VE7WD


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BJJWarehouse News
The New Gawakoto BJJWarehouse Rashguard is Full of Win
Gawakoto and BJJWarehouse.com have teamed up to create a rashguard so full of win that you might want one to roll in and one to frame and put on your wall. Is there such a thing as a must-have BJJ product? This Gawakoto BJJWarehouse rashguard could be it.
Introducing the Gawakoto BJJWarehouse Rashguard.
The art is absolutely amazing, with the comfort and durability to match. Check out the story on how this beautiful design came together, and what the design signifies.
BJJWarehouse.com is a Brazilian Jiu Jitsu retailer operated by MMAWarehouse.com that provides the BJJ community the broadest selection of products, the highest level of service and the most competitive prices. Whatever you need for your roll, you'll find it at BJJWarehouse.com.
The post The New Gawakoto BJJWarehouse Rashguard is Full of Win appeared first on MMAWarehouse Blog.
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Results 1 to 8 of 8
#1 Wolfson: Edwards' Cover-up Cost Clinton the Nomination08-11-2008, 02:44 PM
Wolfson: Edwards' Cover-up Cost Clinton the Nomination
Sen. Hillary Clinton would be the Democratic presidential nominee if John Edwards had been caught in his lie about an extramarital affair and forced out of the race last year, insists a top Clinton campaign aide, making a charge that could exacerbate previously existing tensions between the camps of Clinton and Sen. Barack Obama.
"I believe we would have won Iowa, and Clinton today would therefore have been the nominee," former Clinton Communications Director Howard Wolfson told ABCNews.com.
Clinton finished third in the Iowa caucuses barely behind Edwards in second place and Obama in first. The momentum of the insurgent Obama campaign beating two better-known candidates -- not to mention an African-American winning in such an overwhelmingly white state -- changed the dynamics of the race forever.
Obama won 37.6 per cent of the vote. Edwards won 29.7 per cent and Clinton won 29.5 per cent, according to results posted by the Iowa Democratic Party.
"Our voters and Edwards' voters were the same people," Wolfson said the Clinton polls showed. "They were older, pro-union. Not all, but maybe two-thirds of them would have been for us and we would have barely beaten Obama."
Two months earlier, Edwards had vociferously, but falsely, denied a story in the National Enquirer about the alleged affair last October, and few in the mainstream media even reported the denial.
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Interesting analysis. He's probably right.
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I'm pretty sure that the Iowa caucuses were after October 2007.
GoldwaterGuest08-11-2008, 05:03 PM
Who is to say Edwards support wasn't hurting Obama?
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08-11-2008, 05:22 PMThe 21st century. The age of Smart phones and Stupid people.
It is said that branches draw their life from the vine. Each is separate yet all are one as they share one life giving stem . The Bible tells us we are called to a similar union in life, our lives with the life of God. We are incorporated into him; made sharers in his life. Apart from this union we can do nothing.
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Looks like the Clinton machine might be preparing for a fight at the convention. They are certainly going to pull out all the stops. That would be so much fun to watch.
Who cares what would have happened if Edwards had been outed in 2006. Looks like Obama has got it in the bag.
The same people who supported Edwards were the same ones who supported Obama, so Wolfson is dead wrong. If Edwards hadn't been a factor in Iowa, Obama would have won by a larger margin.
No wonder Wolfson is out of a job.
|« Previous Thread | Next Thread »


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$274 Million Raised Via Kickstarter In 2012
from the not-bad-at-all dept
You may remember that, at the beginning of 2012, there were some predictions that Kickstarter might possibly help fund over $150 million that year, up from about $80 million in 2011. Turns out that estimate was way low. Kickstarter projects actually brought in $274 million on $319 million in pledges.
A lot of folks are focused on that $319 million, but it seems like the $274 million is more interesting. You can see the breakdown of pledges as well, showing how it covers a variety of different areas:
It seems notable that some of the areas with the most funding are the ones we're often told are struggling the most with new business models. Kickstarter is clearly not "the" new business model (because there isn't just one), but it shows that there are solutions out there, and likely will be many more on the way, even as Kickstarter itself continues to grow.


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Privacy Solutions in the Home Office
It's all good in the hood…inside the hood of Sophie Kirkpatrick's Duplex Workspace, that is. As someone who prefers to work in the privacy of an enclosed space, away from prying eyes and distractions (I used to create small partitions with books and plants at previous jobs when forced to work in open offices), the design appeals to our sense of "stop looking over our shoulders…it's not done yet!" That got us thinking about other privacy based designs for the home office, some silly, others actual solutions that can kill the prying eyes and eavesdropping.
• The Duplex Workspace: An adjustable hood provides both privacy and probably some interesting acoustics once opened up.
• Fort Focus: a combination of cubicle, tool shed and home office, Soojin Hyun's design would be welcome even inside a house. All you'd see were our pajama-clad legs.
• Body-Technology Interfaces: are you prone to being both very private and easily cold? Becky Stern, Associate Editor for CRAFT and Make: Online, devised this knitter-iffic solution.
• The Lapstix: takes the concept of the common paper fan to create an easy to carry and open privacy screen. This seems ripe for a cheap DIY version.
• Comp Shade: this was designed primarily to shield your laptop screen from the sun, but could easily hide your Facebook addiction from curious eyes also.
• Herman Miller Babble Voice Privacy System: it's not just eyes we sometimes have to worry about. The Babble system jumbles the sound of your voice so your better half doesn't know you're placing that order for the new iPhone 4G…or ordering another pizza for dinner.
• RUCKSTUHL's Acoustic Panels: got a tandem, face-to-face desk you share with your significant other? While most of the time we do enjoy making lovestruck eyes toward the love of our life, there may be times when you want more privacy (and also so your nervous ticks will stop bothering her). If anything, it makes "looking over the fence" a fun pastime and gives you additional Post-it surface.
Got any other ways you keep your privacy intact while working? Share below!


text: Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - International schools Get TEFL Certified & Start Your Adventure Today! Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Students and Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in International schools Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Indonesia View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message thedanster587Joined: 10 Jun 2012Posts: 4 Posted: Sat Jul 07, 2012 2:16 pm Post subject: International schools I'm seeking more information about opportunities teaching for international schools, where full curriculum, rather than only TEFL, is taught in English. Are there any such schools in Bandung, Solo, or Banyuwangi? Thanks! Back to top chezalJoined: 25 Feb 2009Posts: 146 Posted: Fri Jul 13, 2012 4:42 am Post subject: Re: International schools thedanster587 wrote: I'm seeking more information about opportunities teaching for international schools, where full curriculum, rather than only TEFL, is taught in English. Are there any such schools in Bandung, Solo, or Banyuwangi? Thanks! A google search first would have helped! You'll find Bandung International school, Bandung Alliance International school, Singapore International School Bandung, Stamford International school and some others. Only Bandung International is a true international school. The others are international curriculum schools for mostly Indonesian students. At Bandung International you will be required to have a home country teaching cert. The others not so much. Solo has the Singapore International School. Though I've never heard good things about working at any of the Singapore international school's in Indonesia. Again home teaching certs aren't required. Those with one aren't likely to want to work there anyway from what I've heard. Banyuwangi doesn't have any international schools. Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> Indonesia All times are GMT Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Where to Begin----------------General DiscussionNewbie ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumOnline Teaching Forum Africa Forums----------------General Africa Forum Asia Forums----------------CambodiaChina (Job-related Posts Only)China (Off-Topic)Hong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaPhilippinesSingaporeTaiwanThailandGeneral Asia ForumVietnam Caribbean Forums----------------General Caribbean Forum Europe Forums----------------Czech RepublicFranceGermanyGreeceItalyMacedonia and the BalkansPolandRomaniaRussia & C.I.S.SpainTurkeyUkraineUnited KingdomGeneral Europe Forum Latin America Forums----------------ArgentinaBrazilChileColombiaCosta RicaMexicoMexico (off-topic)PeruGeneral Latin America Forum The Middle East Forums----------------BahrainEgyptIsraelKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesGeneral Middle East Forum North America Forums----------------General North America Forum Oceania----------------Australia/New Zealand You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group Teaching Jobs in China


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Wendy Law was celebrated across Australia and beyond as one of the two ''girl cyclists'' whose three-year odyssey of riding their bicycles up and across the continent began soon after the end of World War II.
In 1946, at 19, she and her equally adventurous school friend, Shirley Duncan, 21, were dissuaded from travelling across war-ravaged Europe and instead opted to ride their Malvern Stars to Queensland. They had already ridden in Victoria, to Adelaide and around Tasmania to prepare themselves. They envisaged being on the road for six months - but did not get back to Melbourne until April 1949.
It took them a year to get to Queensland and on to Darwin, then they pedalled south to Adelaide and crossed the Nullarbor to the west. They were the first female cyclists to cross the Nullarbor, but by then they had already attracted the attention of the press and were dubbed the ''girl cyclists'' as they drew crowds in every city they passed through. Their trip also featured on Movietone News.
Read more: http://www.smh.com.au/national/obituari ... z27ipTXNBv


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This 5.1 surround sound system includes five two-way satellite speakers and a high-performance subwoofer that let you take advantage of high-definition movie soundtracks and music.
find a dealer
Get powerful, room-filling sound from a compact package with the Boston Acoustics
SoundWare S Home Theater Speakers. This 5.1 surround sound system includes five
two-way satellite speakers and a high-performance subwoofer that let you take advantage
of high-definition movie soundtracks and music. You'll enjoy clear highs and deep,
satisfying bass in a small, stylish package that suits any space.
5.1 Surround Sound in a Compact Package
The Boston Acoustics SoundWare S system includes all the speakers you need for a
satisfying surround sound experience. The finely tuned speakers feature quality,
system-specific crossovers for superb sound across the audio spectrum. Simply connect
them to your A/V receiver, and you'll have a complete home theater system.
The SoundWare S speakers feature a compact design that fits well anywhere (or, if
you prefer, can virtually disappear). The subwoofer can be hidden away in a corner,
and the satellites have a diamond-shaped design and a durable, high-gloss finish
for a sleek, modern look.
The system is also expandable--you can add additional satellite speakers to the
package for 7.1-channel surround sound (additional SoundWare S Satellite Speakers
sold separately).
BassTrac Provides Powerful Bass Without Distortion
The dedicated 10-inch powered subwoofer features BassTrac technology, a circuit
that maximizes bass output while avoiding overload. Its 200-watt (300-watt peak)
amplifier combines with a graphite-injected polymer woofer that utilizes Deep Channel
Design for powerful, distortion-free bass.
Satellite Speakers Create Enveloping Surround Sound
Each of the five two-way satellite speakers features a high-performance 3-1/2-inch
woofer and a 3/4-inch dome tweeter for a rich, full sound. Each satellite speaker
also includes MagnaGuard magnetic shielding, which ensures its magnetic field does
not interfere with your television picture.
Satellites Sit or Mount at Any Angle
The five SoundWare S satellite speakers are sized for easy placement in any room.
Articulating mounting brackets are included so you can position them at any angle
or in a corner. Or, simply attach the adhesive-backed rubber feet to keep them in
place on a shelf.
Fast, Clutter-Free Wire Hookups
Wire installation is easy thanks to the easy-guide wire grooves on the back of each
satellite speaker. The convenient design can accommodate wire sizes up to 18 gauge,
and it keeps wires neatly organized for a clutter-free appearance.
Product Measurements and Warranty
The SoundWare S subwoofer measures 13-3/8 by 12-7/16 by 17-3/16 inches (H x W x
D) and the satellite speakers each measure 5-1/2 by 5-1/2 by 5-11/16 inches (H x
W x D). The Boston Acoustics SoundWare S 5.1 Home Theater Speakers are backed by
a five-year warranty on the speakers and one-year warranty on the subwoofer, subject to the full warranty terms and conditions.
What's in the Box
Five SoundWare S satellite speakers, subwoofer, mounting brackets, rubber feet,
owner's manual, and speaker wire.


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glutton for punishment
With only 3 years of running under your belt, I would wager that you can go lower. How much mileage have you been doing over the 3 years? Are you willing to run more?
i have been averaging 20-25 mpw.
i could probably get to 30-35 but that is about it.
it is taking me longer to recover after long runs. i have to take at least 1 sometimes 2 days off after a long run (10+ miles)
In an infinite universe, the one thing sentient life cannot afford to have is a sense of proportion
I've seen a 50-year old run 17-flat. So I'd say that's about as low as you can get.


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HanesBrands takes a hit as Target ends Champion contract
Shares in HanesBrands took a hit earlier this week after the basic apparel maker said department store retailer Target Corporation will not renew the contract for an exclusive activewear line when it expires in 18 months time.
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Top 10 Reasons to Have More Orgasms
Far reaching health benefits of an orgasm
If you believe that the only benefit of sex is pleasure, you are yet to know the innumerable health benefits of it. Having an orgasm could help improve your health. Here are 10 reasons why increase in your sexual activity is a good strategy for better health. (Image source:Getty)Loading...
Relieves stress
When stressed out with work or family problems, you can use sex to de-stress. Orgasm helps improve your mood and helps you handle stress better. (Image source:Getty)
Helps you sleep better
Having a good orgasm will help you sleep better and could also help with insomnia. Orgasms release feel-good hormones called endorphins, which have a sedative effect to help you sleep better. After you've made love, you will enjoy a fabulous night of sleep. (Image source:Getty)
Boosts blood circulation
Sexual activity increases your heart rate and fresh blood is supplied to your organs and cells. The flushing of the used blood also expels toxins and other material that make you lethargic. (Image source:Getty)
Stay fit / lose weight
Orgasm is a great form of exercise; it can help one stay in shape. A 15-minute love making can burn a lot of calories. An orgasm can help you torch up to 200 calories. Like with other exercises, consistency is more rewarding. (Image source:Getty)
Strengthens your intimate bond
In addition to a cascade of bodily events, orgasm can help with intimacy. It increases trust, attachment and bonding. Following some really great sex, you will feel closer to your partner. (Image source:Getty)
Improves cardiovascular health
A good sex is good for your heart. Having an orgasm ups testosterone levels in men, which keeps the heart healthy. Moreover, sexual activity helps lower cholesterol and blood pressure – two harbingers for heart diseases. (Image source:Getty)
Increases immunity
A good orgasm has a power to increase the level of the immune-boosting antibody immunoglobulin A (IgA). IgA makes your body stronger against illnesses like the common cold and fever. (Image source:Getty)
Improves bladder control in women
When you have a good sex; it is like a workout for your pelvic floor muscles. Having an orgasm can causes contractions in those muscles, giving them more strength. A strong pelvic floor muscles helps avoid incontinence. (Image source:Getty)
Alleviates pain
Thanks to pain-relieving oxytocin and endorphins, sexual activity can ease all kinds of pain in women - including pain from arthritis, pain after surgery and even pain during childbirth. (Image source:Getty)
Helps you live longer
Sexual activity has a protective effect on men's health, reducing their risk of coronary heart disease. 'The Longevity Project: Surprising Discoveries for Health and Long Life' suggests that the women who reported a frequency of orgasm during intercourse tended to live longer than those who reported being less sexually fulfilled. (Image source:Getty)


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- Trim shrubs and bushes and use outdoor lighting to eliminate places where a prowler could hide.
- Doors should have peepholes at a height that everyone can use.
- If someone comes to your door and claims to be a government or utility official, ask for a name and a badge so that you can call the agency to confirm the person's identity. If you cannot verify someone's identity at your front door, call 911 immediately.
- Residents need to be wary of anyone offering repairs or contract work door-to-door. A quick way to verify whether a company is legitimate is to ask to see a copy of their operating license and call the company.
- If someone claims they need to use your phone, offer to make the call yourself instead.
- Leave spare keys with a trusted neighbor, not under a doormat or planter or other obvious hiding place.
- Lock exterior doors at night and everytime you leave the house, even if it's just for a few minutes.
- Keep outdoor lights on in the evening -- whether or not someone is home.
- Windows should be locked at all times, even when opened a few inches for ventilation.
- Use a dowel or pin to secure sliding glass doors.
- Lock gates, garage doors, and shed doors after every use.
- Lock grills, lawn mowers, bicycles and other valuables in a garage or shed, or cover them with a top and securely lock them to a stationary object.
- Do not leave tools outside, where they could be used to break into your house.
- Use timers to turns lights and televisions on and off when you are not home.
- If you are away for an extended time, stop mail and newspaper deliveries, and ask a neighbor to remove any fliers that might be placed on your door.
- Keep valuables in a floor or wall safe. When installing a safe, avoid obvious locations such as the master bedroom closet.
- Complete a home inventory like this one. If your valuables or credit cards are lost or stolen, you will have serial numbers and phone numbers handy.
Sources: National Crime Prevention Council; Broward County Sheriff's Office, Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office.
Copyright © 2018, Sun Sentinel


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NHL takes three Sports Business AwardsNHL.com @NHLdotcom
NEW YORK – The National Hockey League was awarded three of the most prestigious honors tonight at the 2014 Sports Business Awards, winning "Sports League of the Year," "Sports Executive of the Year" recognition for Commissioner Gary Bettman and "Sports Event of the Year" for the 2014 Bridgestone NHL Winter Classic. The annual event, hosted by The SportsBusiness Journal and SportsBusiness Daily, honors excellence in sports business for the period from March 1, 2013 - February 28, 2014. The awards were presented before a record crowd of more than 800 at a special ceremony held at the New York Marriott Marquis in Manhattan.
This marks Commissioner Bettman's first win for "Sports Executive of the Year." Other nominees for "Sports Executive of the Year" were Fox Sports President and COO Randy Freer; Major League Soccer Commissioner Don Garber; Under Armour CEO and founder Kevin Plank; and Sacramento Kings owner Vivek Ranadive.
"While I am extremely proud to receive this award, I am more proud of the great people at the National Hockey League who helped make 2013-14 a record-setting season on a variety of levels -- including thrills, excitement and fun," Commissioner Bettman said. "I also thank our Clubs, our broadcast and business partners and the best fans in sports for their support; I know that their combined power will generate an even-brighter future for NHL hockey."
The "Sports League of the Year" recognition was the NHL's second in four years. The League was previously honored with a Sports Business Award in this category in 2011.
Accepting the award was NHL Deputy Commissioner Bill Daly, who said, "Our athletes are the best in team sports. We wouldn't be standing here tonight without the players."
Other nominees for "Sports League of the Year" were the Atlantic Coast Conference, Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, NASCAR and PGA Tour.
The 2014 Bridgestone NHL Winter Classic at the University of Michigan's "Big House," which shattered the previous hockey attendance record with a crowd of 105,491, captured its second Sports Business Award for "Sports Event of the Year," previously winning in 2009 for the inaugural 2008 NHL Winter Classic in Buffalo. Accepting the award was NHL Chief Operating Officer John Collins.
"What makes the NHL Winter Classic so special is the way our fans and our players have embraced it," Collins said. "Our great partners at Bridgestone and NBC also play a vital role and we're grateful to the SportsBusiness Journal for once again recognizing the Winter Classic as an event that does what sports is supposed to do: Bring people together to create unforgettable memories for generations of fans."
Other nominees for "Sports Event of the Year" were Super Bowl XLVIII, the 2013 Breeders' Cup World Championships, the 2014 Waste Management Phoenix Open, The ONE: Mayweather vs. Canelo presented by Showtime Networks.


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Razor HD 10x50
Inactive Razor HD 10x50 Roof Prism Binocular
Now's your chance. Take an in-depth look at what's next in the future of hunting binoculars. Reach for the pinnacle of high-performance optics with the Razor HD—completely redesigned for 2011. A touch of the buttery smooth focus wheel brings your trophy into focus as you scan the landscape. That's when you'll appreciate what carefully hand-selected prisms and premium HD (High Density) extra-low dispersion glass do for your view! You'll experience the ultimate in resolution and color fidelity...nothing less than astonishing...and glassing confidence in the critical low light of dawn and dusk. With the sleek, well-balanced Razor HD bino in your hand, you'll have the very best.
|10 x
|Objective Lens Diameter
|50 mm
|Eye Relief
|19 mm
|Exit Pupil
|5 mm
|Linear Field of View
|330.8 feet/1000 yards
|Angular Field of View
|6.3 degrees
|Close Focus
|14 feet
|Interpupillary Distance
|54-75 mm
|7.4 inches
|5.6 inches
|38.5 ounces
|Product Manual (PDF)
- Rainguard
- Tethered objective lens covers
- Comfort neck strap
- Deluxe padded carry case
Optical Features
|HD Lens Elements
|Premium (High Density) extra-low dispersion glass delivers the ultimate in resolution and color fidelity, resulting in High Definition images.
|XR Lens Coatings
|Vortex proprietary XR anti-reflective coatings, fully multi-coated on all air-to-glass lens surfaces, increase light transmission for maximum brightness.
|Phase Correction
|Used on roof prism models only—coating enhances resolution and contrast.
Construction Features
|Roof Prisms
|Valued for greater durability and a more compact size. Ergonomic open-hinge design.
|Magnesium Chassis
|Decreases weight and increases strength.
|Optics are sealed with o-rings to prevent moisture, dust, and debris from getting inside the binocular.
|Argon gas purging guarantees superior fogproof and waterproof performance.
|Rubber Armor
|Provides a secure, non-slip grip, and durable external protection.
|Ultra-hard, scratch-resistant coating protects exterior lenses from scratches, oil and dirt.
Convenience Features
|Multi-Position Eyecups
|Twist up and down to precise, intermediate settings to maximize custom fit for comfortable viewing with or without eyeglasses.
|Center Focus Wheel
|Adjusts the focus of both binocular barrels at the same time.
|Locking Diopter
|Adjusts for differences in a user's eyes. Located on the center focus dial.
|Tripod Adaptable
|Compatible with a tripod adapter, allowing use on a tripod or car window mount.
|10 x
|Objective Lens Diameter
|50 mm
|Eye Relief
|19 mm
|Exit Pupil
|5 mm
|Linear Field of View
|330.8 feet/1000 yards
|Angular Field of View
|6.3 degrees
|Close Focus
|14 feet
|Interpupillary Distance
|54-75 mm
|7.4 inches
|5.6 inches
|38.5 ounces
|Product Manual (PDF)


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You'd never know he's a politician – let alone a former prime minister.
Silvio Berlusconi instead shows all the trappings of a rock star at his rallies. Teenage crowds scream his name, young women dance with him on stage, and he ends his performance by sending hugs and kisses to everyone in his adoring audience – which is growing.
Facing a depressed economy and the still-pervasive grip of mafia groups, voters are looking to him as the man to lift Italy out of its malaise.
"I call it the Zorro syndrome," says Il Corriere della Sera columnist Beppe Severgnini, referring to the fictional outlaw hero who defended the people and their land against unjust authorities. "Every 10 years or so, Italians need someone to rescue them. First it was Mussolini, then the Americans, then the European Union, then the anticorruption judges. And then came Berlusconi."
With his celebrity-style approach and magnetic appeal, Mr. Berlusconi has conditioned Italian politics since entering the field in 1994. Charisma, more than sound policy, has become the essential ingredient for winning public support.
Already elected twice, the wealthy media magnate and his center-right People of Freedom alliance are favored to win on Sunday despite a string of pending corruption charges. Not even the Obama of Italy – Walter Veltroni, a center-left former mayor of Rome who adopted the US candidate's "Yes We Can!" motto and is nearly 20 years Berlusconi's junior – has been able to slow the billionaire's momentum.
"Berlusconi is someone who has worked on TV and knows how to play the celebrity game. He also has enough money to wear what he wants and always look young and have women around him to attract young voters," says Alexander Stille, who harshly critiqued Berlusconi's leadership in his acclaimed book, "The Sack of Rome." "The interests he represents are so powerful – they mix entertainment, sports, television, and politics – that until Italians don't figure out this conflict of interest, he can come back again and again."
What Italians hope he can fix
Although Veltroni's and Berlusconi's manifestos and policies are not radically different, Berlusconi is considered the businessman who can save Italy, says Mr. Severgnini.
There are many problems that Italians would like fixed: huge public debt, low growth, and declining economic competitiveness, to mention a few. In 2007, for example, public debt was at 104 percent of annual gross domestic product – compared with an average 60 percent for other EU countries. That means that the state has to pay up to €70 billion ($110 billion) annually in interest – at a yearly cost of €1,150 euros ($1,800) per taxpayer.
Other aspects of Italian society are incongruent with Western norms, as well. Nearly 100 laborers a month are killed on the job in Italy, making its worker fatality rate nearly 10 times higher than Britain's and more than double that of France, according to a 2005 report by the International Labor Organization.
Naples's sidewalks have been overridden by trash in the last year, in an unsightly example of ineffective politicians. The debt-ridden, inefficient public sector, including the airline Alitalia, still needs to undergo major privatizations. Then, as the rubbish fiasco in Naples showed – the mafia controls much of the trash removal business – there are the huge economic interests of the mafia address. According to Confesercenti, a major business association, the mafia represents the biggest segment of the Italian economy, accounting for 7 percent of the country's gross domestic product.
Veltroni has promised to "annihilate" organized crime if he becomes prime minister. Berlusconi, though having been the subject of numerous investigations of criminal ties, has also spoken out firmly – and even proposed moving his government to Naples to get a grip on the Camorra and the trash situation.
Italian voters won't be checking a box for Veltroni or Berlusconi, per se. Instead, the party that receives the most votes in both houses of parliament puts forward a prime minister.
The electoral system was introduced by the Berlusconi government in late 2005 and confuses voters and observers alike. By giving a "majority" bonus to the party or coalition of parties that wins the most votes nationally in the lower house, but by assigning a similar bonus in the upper house on a regional basis, the electoral system raises the possibility of a hung parliament, or a very slim majority. That's what happened to Romano Prodi in 2006, which eventually led to the collapse of his government in January.
The 'Obama' of Italy
Even before Mr. Prodi's government collapsed, Veltroni – who had been a Communist and Prodi's left-hand man in his previous 1996-98 government, became the leader of the Democratic Party – a new political force meant to mobilize the center-left electorate, and boldly split from the parties on the far left.
But what was initially seen as an alternative hasn't worked with many voters on the left. True, Veltroni managed to charm some and bring his party only to between five and nine percentage points behind Berlusconi's People of Liberty (from an initial 13 point difference) by the time the preelection ban on opinion polling began nearly two weeks ago.
However, according to Nando Pagnoncelli, one of Italy's leading pollsters, one of Veltroni's main handicaps is to have candidates in his party that belong to the Prodi government and do not represent the change he had initially promised. On the other hand, says Mr. Pagnoncelli, Berlusconi is running for the fifth time and is not a new force either, but he seems to have a stronger support base.
But it's not a done deal for Berlusconi. With one-third of Italy's 47 million voters still undecided, and a complex electoral system, it remains to be seen whether he'll be able to build a strong majority in both houses, and how long it will last.


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Schneider to start as Canucks, Flames chase first winby Brian Hunter
FLAMES (0-2-0) at CANUCKS (0-1-1)
Season series: First of five meetings between these Northwest Division rivals. They split six games on the 2011-12 slate, with Mike Cammalleri of the Flames leading all scorers with four goals. The Canucks got at least one goal from 13 different players.
Big story: Beyond the ongoing trade drama swirling around Vancouver goaltender Roberto Luongo, there are a very important two points on the line Wednesday that both the Flames and Canucks need after stumbling out of the gate. Cory Schneider gets the start in net.
Team Scope:
Flames: Miikka Kiprusoff has started at least 70 games and won at least 35 for seven straight seasons. The shortened 2012-13 campaign will bring an end to those streaks, but Calgary still expects more out of the veteran netminder than the 4.54 goals-against average and .830 save percentage he's posted through two starts. Kiprusoff yielded three goals in the first 11 minutes to the Ducks on Monday, and though the Flames recovered to pull into a 3-3 tie after two periods, they ultimately fell short by a 5-4 final.
"We need to be sharper," captain Jarome Iginla told the Calgary Herald. "Guys are working hard, guys want to do the right things. But we're making some mistakes. Consistency in going to the right positions. Being in the right spots. Throughout our lineup. We've got to get tighter there. We know that. We're going to work hard to correct it."
Canucks: After relieving his expected heir apparent, Schneider, in an opening night loss to Anaheim, it was Luongo who earned the start Sunday in Edmonton. He turned in a shutout performance for almost 40 minutes as Vancouver jumped to a 2-0 lead on goals by Alexander Edler and Zack Kassian, but a goal by Jordan Eberle with 3.1 seconds left in the second period shifted the momentum and the Canucks ended up losing 3-2 in a shootout.
"I thought we deserved to win," Luongo told the Vancouver Sun. "Unfortunately, it came down to a shootout and I wasn't able to make any saves there."
Who's hot: Curtis Glencross scored twice and added an assist in the Flames' loss to the Ducks. Lee Stempniak lit the lamp for the second straight game. … Edler, who recently signed a six-year contract extension with the Canucks, has goals in each of the first two games.
Injury report: Calgary forward Roman Cervenka (blood clot) is out indefinitely. Defenseman Anton Babchuk (shoulder) isn't expected back until early February. Forward Jiri Hudler is on bereavement leave while mourning the death of his father. … Vancouver forwards David Booth (groin) and Ryan Kesler (shoulder/wrist) are on injured reserve.