text:
MP914, New November 2009
Editor's note
June 2013: The URLs for several resources on food defense have been updated. Download the PDF of the updated resources page.
Food defense website
Food defense
Food defense means protecting the food supply from intentional contamination. Food defense is not the same as food safety or biosecurity, which both mean protecting the food supply from unintentional contamination.
Agricultural terrorism
According to the Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Terrorism Database, 31 cases of agricultural terrorism occurred in the U.S. in 2004:
Consumer concerns
When asked what products they believed were most likely to be intentionally contaminated, consumers identified meat, produce, dairy and seafood. They were less concerned about baked, canned or boxed foods.
This appendix contains blank work sheets and forms that you can use when developing and managing the food defense plan for your operation.
Food industry professionals see the U.S. food system as one of the safest in the world. However, the system's image has blurred in the eyes of consumers as food safety recalls have been reported in the news media time and again.
Businesspeople in the food industry — from spinach growers watching sales plummet, to beef producers facing decreased demand, to restaurateurs and grocers working to maintain brand identities — know that protecting the food supply is of paramount importance. The food safety already practiced in the industry can minimize unintentional contamination in the food system. Protecting our food supply from intentional contamination, on the other hand, requires the practice of food defense strategies. Food defense is a relatively new but extremely important concept because of the many vulnerable access points in the farm-to-table food supply chain.
This guide explains the importance of food defense and the benefits of developing a food defense plan, as well as outlining how you can:
Why food defense?
Based on an evaluation of critical infrastructures in the early 2000s, the federal government declared the food and agriculture sector to be one of 17 critical national infrastructures open to intentional attack (U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2003). Even a mere threat to the food and agriculture sector could cause havoc within the food supply chain and have far-reaching consequences on the economy, human health and consumer confidence.
In military lingo, the U.S. food industry is considered a "soft" target because it is under-defended and could be overcome from many directions. Not only is it large and geographically dispersed, but it also comprises many different types and scales of operation across the country. Plus, the food industry employs almost one-fifth of our population and produces more than one-tenth of our gross domestic product. And most importantly, everyone must eat!
Threats to this foundational aspect of our everyday life have the potential to cause a great deal of harm, such as:
Dec. 31, 2008, Byron Center, Mich.
A 39-year-old employee in the meat department of a local supermarket had a conflict with his supervisor. Hoping to make his supervisor "look bad," he mixed Black Flag 40 (a now-banned pesticide containing 40 percent nicotine) into about 250 pounds of hamburger, which he then wrapped in retail-sized packages that were sold to the supermarket's customers.
Within two hours of eating the contaminated meat, consumers reported burning mouth and throat, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, sweating, blurred vision, headache, numbness, insomnia, tachycardia and more. Due to consumer complaints after consumption, the supermarket chain notified the Michigan Department of Agriculture and the USDA of a planned recall of 1,700 pounds of ground beef.
Within 10 days, laboratory testing identified the contaminant as nicotine. The dose detected in the raw product was potentially lethal, and the high concentration indicated possible intentional contamination. Investigation eventually determined that the contaminated product was ground and sold in only one store.
Extensive interviews with victims determined that 92 persons had some level of illness from this contamination. Most fell ill while the product was being sold, but some were identified up to 49 days after the last potential date of sale because they had frozen the product and missed the recall.
The employee pleaded guilty to the charge of poisoning food with the intent to cause serious bodily injury and was sentenced to nine years in prison followed by three years of supervised release and ordered to pay restitution of $12,000.
March 2006, Xuzhou, China
The Chinese company Anying Biologic Technology Development Center posted an ad on the Internet seeking scrap melamine. Anying added the melamine to wheat gluten that was then sold to pet food manufacturers who used it for a protein source. Since melamine appears as protein on the most widely used protein analyses, adding it to the wheat gluten increased the gluten's apparent protein content at a much lower cost, making Anying a low-cost supplier.
Adding melamine to food ingredients to disguise protein content was a common practice among Chinese manufacturers. Although melamine is not an approved food ingredient for livestock feed, pet food or food for human consumption and does not add any nutritional value to food, it was not thought to be toxic.
Anying and other companies supplied melamine-tainted wheat gluten to a Canadian company that manufactured pet food for most pet food companies in North America. Dogs and cats that consumed the contaminated pet food became sick and many died.
In April 2007, pet food scraps and ingredients contaminated with melamine were sent to hog farms in eight states and chicken farms in Indiana. More than 50,000 hogs were quarantined by the end of April. Because subsequent testing revealed that the melamine did not stay in the meat, the hogs were released about two weeks later, after the producers had borne major feeding costs. Similarly, 80,000 chickens were placed on hold due to consumption of salvaged pet food and eventually cleared. Producers were compensated for costs associated with holding the livestock but not for lost production time.
Standard-setting organizations and industry groups are currently moving to develop screening and testing procedures that will reduce or eliminate the chance of future melamine contaminations.
Who would intentionally contaminate the food system?
Clearly, the food industry is a potential place to wreak havoc. But what kind of person or group would try to contaminate our food supply, and why?
Many people immediately assume that intentional contamination is caused mainly by groups dissatisfied with how our food is produced. However, intentional contamination may be caused not only by people outside an operation but also by workers, family members or others with regular access, and most cases have occurred for more mundane reasons than ideology.
Disgruntled workers: Employees often must have access to many different areas of an operation in order to do their jobs effectively. When the relationship between a worker and employer goes bad, however, a disgruntled worker may decide to contaminate the livestock or food products in the operation to embarrass the boss (Example 1) or company, or to cause as much economic damage as possible.
Shady business practices: Intentional contamination can also be caused by cutting corners to save money or other shady business practices. One of the largest recalls in the mid-2000s, of pet food containing melamine (Example 2), was caused by a manufacturer seeking to provide the lowest-cost product on the market that still met quality standards, in this case by fraudulent means. Although the aim of those trying to reduce costs by using inferior or fraudulent ingredients isn't to cause economic harm or disrupt society but just to save a buck, the results can still be far reaching.
Emotional stress: How a worker will behave in a stressful situation is difficult to predict. Even your most-trusted employees, including family members, may do or say things that are out of character at stressful moments in their lives. A worker may intentionally contaminate the food supply in a misguided response to an emotionally stressful situation, such as the love triangle described in Example 3.
Political ideology: As mentioned above, our first thoughts about intentional contamination are often about groups who may contaminate the food supply for ideological reasons, such as protesting the exploitation of animals, or to cause economic harm or physical disruption of daily life. As described in Example 4, groups may also contaminate the food supply for political reasons.
Who is responsible for defending the food supply?
When the food supply is threatened, contaminated or disrupted, consumers tend to blame producers and manufacturers. Data collected by researchers at the University of Minnesota show that the public holds government and the food industry most responsible for protecting the food supply (Figure 1) and for picking up the tab for food defense (Figure 2) (Stinson et al., 2008). Consumers assume their food is safe when they buy it and aren't willing to pay extra for something they believe should be standard.
Perhaps more distressing for the food industry is that consumers are losing confidence in the safety of the food system. According to the University of Minnesota study, between 2005 and 2007, a period of several major food recalls, the number of consumers who were very confident in the safety of the food supply decreased and the number of consumers who were not very confident increased.
Figure 1
Who do consumers believe is responsible for food defense?
Figure 2
Who do consumers believe is responsible for paying for food defense?
Order publications online at http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/shop/ or call toll-free 800-292-0969.


text:
5 questions to ask during your design process
This post focuses on process and accompanies Introducing the update experience for Australis. – Zhenshuo Fang and Holly Habstritt Gaal, Mozilla UX. We're really excited to release a new onboarding flow for users updating to the new Firefox (Australis). Throughout … Continue reading

subset: commoncrawl


text:
RFW VR Programme
20 minute VR demonstrations brought to you by:
(slots every 30 minutes).
Age rating: PG
This is platform for promotion and demonstration of Russian VR projects in international markets, created by: Georgy Molodtsov (VRability), Denis Semenov (Great Gonzo Studio), Alexandra Sadikova , Natalia Severina (Cultural Revolution) uniting filmmakers, artists, producers and other creative professionals passionate about VR.
The Spacewalker VR / Время первых VR (4 min 22 sec)
Animation, Russia, 2017
Director: Alexander Gorokhov
Production: CGF Studio, Bazelevs
This VR short film is about the first human walking in space. The film immerses the audiences in the experience of the Soviet cosmonauts Alexei Leonov and Pavel Belyaev during their trip on the Voskhod-2 spaceship on 18-19 March,1965.
Hermitage VR / Эрмитаж VR (15 min)
Fiction, Russia
Director: Mikhail Antikov, producer: Sergey Zakharov
VR tour through the history of the Hermitage with the renowned Russian actor Konstantin Khabensky.
Lake Baikal: The Science and Spirituality of Extreme Water: Episode 1. Winter Spirit / Озеро Байкал: Зимний дух (7 min 22 sec, 3D)
Documentary, USA, Russia, 2016
Directors: Michael Owen, Georgy Molodtsov
Cinematic virtual reality will transport viewers to Lake Baikal in Siberia and introduce them to the dramatic landscapes and the local customs and spiritual traditions of people who live around the oldest, deepest and most voluminous body of fresh water on Earth – 20% of all the liquid fresh water on our planet.
VRability: Maxim Kiselev / VRability: Максим Киселев (6 min 32 sec)
Documentary,Russia, 2016
Director: Georgy Molodtsov
Maxim Kiselev is the only professional ice-wheelchair-skater. In this experience you'll be able to learn, what does it mean to perform figure ice skating in a wheelchair and you will become both the audience and the participant of this performance thanks to Virtual Reality 360° technology.
Between Petrov and Vodkin / Между Петровым и Водкиным (3 min 40 sec)
Animation, Russia, 2017
Directors: Denis Semionov, Natalia Severina
The first part of the immersive trilogy "Cultural revolution" focuses on the cultural scene of the Russian Empire in the year 1912. The viewer gets an opportunity to find himself in retro footage of the pre-revolutionary Russia and then to immerse himself in the most prominent picture of Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin Bathing of the Red Horse.
The Story of one Jester / История одного шута (6 min 6 sec)
Fiction, Russia, 2016
Director: Alexey Bystritskiy
Scriptwriter, producer: Alexey Likhnitsky
The movie concerns the unknown details of the most famous royal jester`s last day.
The Family Circle (3 min. 20 sec)
Fiction, Russia, 2016
Director: Linara Bagautdinova
Author of the idea, producer: Valentin Rogatin
The relationships of 4 different families during the period of several years.
Out of Body / Вне тела (12 min)
Director, script: Maxim Nikonov
Russia, 2017
An ingenious scientist carries out a dangerous experiment to prove the theory of life after death. During the experiment, he must die so that his spirit leaves the body and then return back, but everything goes not according to plan, and the scientist is forced to fight for the opportunity to return to life.
Omnom Stories , unexpected guest / Приключения Ам Няма, незваный гость (3 min)
Russia, 2017
An unexpected guest arrives in the box right to Om Nom's doorstep. Who might it be?..
Kamchatka / Камчатка (3 min)
Director: Dmitry Terem,
Documentary, Russia, 2016
Amazing Kamchatka - snowboarding, nature and adventure
RT360: Spacewalk in open space / RT360: Выход в открытый космос
Russia, 2016
First ever spacewalk re-lived by a Russian cosmonaut in this epic 360 VR. The video, which shows out-of-this-world views of Planet Earth, is the first time that the so-called extravehicular activity (EVA) has been filmed in 360.
My North Pole VR / Мой северный полюс VR (4,5 min)
Russia, 2016
Director: Kustova Olesya
You will see polar bears in their natural habitat, hear the thunder of century-old ice cracking beneath the hull, soar over the silent icy desert by helicopter, and feel all the power and, the same time, the fragility of the Arctic.
Natural Treasures of Russia / Заповедные жемчужины России
The cycle of films in 360-degree format transfer the viewer to the amazing places in Russia. The unique format of the shooting evokes the sense of presence – as if you are watching the birds of the Volga River delta or breathe in the cold air of the Kola Peninsula forests.
Documentary shorts, Russia, 2017
Director: Anton Zhdanov
Scriptwriter: Ekaterina Dmitrieva
Executive Producer: Alexandra Zhmutskaya
Lena Pillars / Ленские столбы (8 min)
We will look into one of the most mysterious places of Russia to see the legendary monuments of nature and the mighty and boundless Lena – one
of the longest rivers in the world.
Kandalaksha Reserve / Кандалакшский Заповедник (8 min)
We will go to the region of the rocky coasts, many kilometers of tundra and the northernmost forests of Europe, to the region between two seas - the Barents Sea and the White Sea.
Caucasus Reserve / Кавказский заповедник (8 min)
The spectators learn about the rare ancient plants of the same age as the first animals on Earth, found in the thick of the yew-boxwood forests.
Lazovsky Reserve / Лазовский заповедник (8 min)
A real trip to a mountainous region of volcanic origin, which has existed for about 100 million years.
Kronotsky Reserve / Кроноцкий заповедник (8 min)
The majestic volcanoes, the Valley of the Geysers, hot springs and glaciers, deep and narrow canyons.
Astrakhan Reserve / Астраханский заповедник (8 min)
You will find yourself in the thick of the lotus fields on the Volga River and see how the largest flower found in Russian blossoms.
Losiny Ostrov Reserve / Лосиный остров (8 min)
An impressive journey to the wildlife reserve and one of the largest national parks in the world within the boundaries of a huge metropolis (Moscow).
The Tiger Experience (3 min)
The Tiger Experience uses VR to tell an immersive story in which viewers step into the boots of a ranger and come face to face with wild tigers. It involves the viewer wandering through the tigers' forest habitat, where they witness the work of rangers and see how they risk their lives on a daily basis to protect tigers from poaching.
WWF has launched its first virtual reality video as part of a new awareness and fundraising campaign that aims to help double wild tiger numbers by 2022 – the next Chinese Year of the Tiger.


text:
BANGALORE (Reuters) - Indian factory activity shrank for the first time in more than four years last month, adding to the country's deepening economic malaise even as the central bank struggles to defend the battered rupee currency, a survey showed.
The bleak Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) comes hard on the heels of data on Friday that showed Asia's third-largest economy grew at it slowest quarterly rate in the three months to June since the global financial crisis, suggesting more pain ahead.
The HSBC Manufacturing PMI, compiled by Markit, sank to 48.5 in August from 50.1 in July, the lowest reading since March 2009. Economists polled by Reuters had expected a far shallower fall to 49.9.
The index, which gauges business activity in Indian factories but not utilities, had been close to the 50 mark that separates growth from contraction since May but falling orders dragged it under last month.
"Manufacturing activity contracted in August for the first time since March 2009. This was led by a decline in new orders, especially export orders," said Leif Eskesen, chief economist for India at survey sponsor HSBC.
The survey showed new export orders shrank for the first time in a year.
In a sign that domestic demand is also faltering, new orders, which include domestic orders, shrank at a faster pace. The index fell for the sixth straight month to 47.5 in August, its lowest since February 2009.
That prompted factories to cut production, with the sub-index measuring output falling to its lowest since early 2009.
Data on Friday showed the Indian economy grew 4.4 percent in the April-June quarter, the slowest quarterly rate since Jan-March of 2009, hurt by a contraction in mining and manufacturing.
Indian economic growth has nearly halved in the last two years to a decade-low rate of 5 percent in the fiscal year that ended in March, and a majority of the economists surveyed by Reuters last week expect this year to be worse.
Weighed down by a record current account deficit, the Indian rupee has lost around a fifth of its value since the U.S. Federal Reserve hinted in May it was going to start paring back its stimulus, sparking capital outflows from many emerging markets.
The beleaguered rupee suffered its worst month ever in August, hitting successive record lows, leaving the Reserve Bank of India few options to support the economy.
The RBI's main defense of the rupee has rested on draining cash from domestic money markets and raising short-term interest rates, making loans to struggling businesses costlier and adding to growth concerns.
"The RBI will likely keep its liquidity tightening measures in place for a while still to help contain the depreciation of the currency," Eskesen added.
"Combined with the heightened macroeconomic uncertainty, this will continue to weigh on growth in coming months."
Raghuram Rajan, former chief economist at the International Monetary Fund, is set to take over as governor of the Reserve Bank of India this week. Economists in a separate Reuters poll said his immediate focus will be to bolster the currency.
(Editing by Kim Coghill)


text:
The inspirational midfielder's goal early in the second half inflicted the Andalusians first defeat of the competition and put Vitor Pereira's side in the driving seat
In what was a largely stale first half, Manuel Pellegrini's selection of two immobile strikers in Julio Baptista and Roque Santa Cruz saw his side pose very little threat as the hosts dominated possession. However, it was not until the second half that Vitor Pereira's men made their superiority on the night count as Joao Moutinho slotted home a tidy finish to win it.
The Dragoes started brightly as Marat Izmailov shifted the ball onto his right foot in the third minute but was unable pick out the bottom corner of Willy Caballero's goal.
Things did not continue at quite the same pace, but the hosts still looked like the more threatening side in a cagey affair, particularly from set pieces. In the 20th minute Silvestre Valera flicked on a corner from the near post which narrowly evaded Fernando for a simple finish.
Malaga were finding it difficult to create anything in the opposition half, with Isco not seeing enough of the ball to weave his magic in the opening half hour.
Conversely, Jackson Martinez was looking a real handful down the other end. He displayed a knack for running into space behind the defence but Malaga worked well as a unit to ensure he was not allowed too much freedom.
The Andalusians only managed a single shot on goal in the first half and a similar pattern followed after the break. Again it was Izmailov who was the danger, but after eluding Antunes he failed to divert Valera's cross on target from close range.
Jeremy Toulalan then got in a vital block to deny Lucho Gonzalez but it did not take much longer for the Dragoes to find the net.
Alex Sandro split the defence with a fantastic low pass from the left and Moutinho, who waltzed into the area between the centre-backs, guided the ball through the legs of Caballero with a first-time finish after 56 minutes.
The goal forced Malaga into rethinking their plan of attack, but the Portuguese outfit were unwilling to relinquish possession to their opponents.
James Rodriguez ensured things remained on an upward trend following the goal after coming on from the bench but that soon wavered as the Spaniards offered very little in response.
Pellegrini's changes failed to bring his side to life as Porto cruised to a comfortable win which was just their 13th victory in 38 meetings with teams from their neighbouring country. Malaga will welcome the Portuguese side to La Roselada on March 13 with the onus firmly on them to seize the initiative.


text:
Three college freshmen from Rochester Institute of Technology didn't have to worry about building codes or contractor bids. Their job was simply to come up with a winning architectural plan for RIT's new downtown Center for Urban Entrepreneurship (CUE), located in the historic Rochester Savings Bank.
Last February, the E. Philip Saunders College of Business invited students from across campus to enter the Design and Vision Competition. The winning team members-Katriel Pitts, Seth Gottlieb and Yevgeniy Parfilko-were awarded $500 for their submission.
"The outstanding winning design is just another example of how RIT students are receiving practical knowledge in the classroom that has real world application," says Delmonize "Del" Smith, who was recently appointed as the first director of the center.
"We are encouraging selected architects to consider the winning team's ideas and I am optimistic that the final building design will incorporate at least some of their concepts."
As many architects know, it takes artistic imagination, creative vision and practical and technical knowledge to design sustainable spaces that are open and inviting.
"From the very beginning, we envisioned this space, the CUE, as an interpersonal one-where learning rather than teaching occurs," says Parfilko, a mechanical engineering major from East Brunswick, N.J. "It is very important to adhere to the resolution that ultimately, CUE is about people just like ourselves, walking in on a whim and being inspired to collaborate and contribute."
Both Gottlieb, a mechanical engineering major from Bethesda, Md., and Pritts, an industrial design student from Syracuse, N.Y., agree that in planning the space, it had the potential to be more than a classroom environment.
"We really tried to form the space around the students and their needs rather than the teacher and the hierarchy of the typical classroom," says Pritts.
And as Gottlieb explains, the space would also encourage members of the Rochester community to come in and seek help with their own entrepreneurial endeavors.
"CUE has the potential to be a real, active community hub for the entrepreneurs of Rochester."


text:
Fri., Dec 14◊Hours:
Today at the Library
Home ◊
About Willard Library ◊
Artwork ◊
Library Director's Office
The permanent art displays in Willard Library have stories of their own to tell. Click on the pieces below to learn more about them.
On completing his service as U.S. Minister to China, Colonel Charles Denby brought back a pair of blue cloisonne vases, which he presented to Willard Library in 1894.
This original creation by Garland Harmon was framed and presented to Willard Library by Southern Indiana Gas and Electric Company (SIGECO). The design had been used on SIGECO corporate Christmas cards in 1988.
Bessie Thrall painted this copy of the original Martin Ricco work.
The artist of this 1971 pen-and-ink rendering of Willard Library is Jerry Baum.
The clock, which came to Willard Library from the Carpenter family home in 1946, is believed to have been purchased circa 1837 by Willard Carpenter as a wedding gift for his wife, Lucina. The clock displays the time, day of the week, day of the month, and name of the month.
Dean Davis is the artist of this watercolor painting of Willard Library and Park.
Hours: Monday, Tuesday 9:00-8:00◊Wednesday, Thursday, Friday 9:00-5:30◊Saturday 9:00-5:00◊Sunday 1:00-5:00
Willard Library◊21 First Avenue◊Evansville, Indiana 47710◊812-425-4309◊email@example.com
Contact Us◊Feedback◊Request a Book◊Links◊Employment◊Privacy Policy◊Terms of Use◊Site Map
©2018 Willard Library◊Website Design by Gray Loon Marketing Group, Inc.


text:
This week, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi indicated that Democrats would attempt to pass a proposed federal minimum wage hike using an obscure House parliamentary procedure.
Called a "discharge petition," the tactic brings a bill — in this case, a bill that would raise the federal minimum wage to $10.10 an hour over two years — directly to the floor of the House, bypassing the Republican-controlled committees that have so far blocked such a vote. The reason is simple: The GOP disapproves of the minimum wage, but with most Americans in favor of raising it, House Republicans would rather not cast that vote ahead of the midterm elections.
But in case they are forced to cast public votes against the measure, Republicans have also attempted to lessen the political damage by discrediting the proposed wage hike. They cite a recent CBO report that estimates raising the minimum wage to $10.10 would cost 500,000 jobs — too high a price, conservatives say, even in exchange for the 16 million workers who would earn higher income under such a mandate.
Millennials are one of the primary targets of this GOP dissuasion campaign. It makes sense: My generation makes up about 18% of the electorate. We're more politically independent than older voters. Growing and potentially persuadable, we might make the difference in key elections this fall; with only 6 in 10 of us able to find any work (including part time), and a disproportionate share working minimum-wage jobs, the issue promises to be one of the few that might move otherwise recalcitrant young voters to the polls.
Republican's generationally targeted case against a minimum-wage hike is fairly simple, and fairly similar to their general one: More money paid means fewer jobs offered. A higher minimum wage doesn't mean anything if you aren't earning any wage at all, and anyway, why are these kids so darn entitled?
Like many morality play arguments against economic progress, the case has a kind of intuitive appeal. But the reality is more nuanced. Millennials would benefit enormously from a hike to a $10.10 wage, but more important, it represents only the small first step we must take to create the country we want to inherit.
First, there's a strong case to be made that the hike to $10.10 wouldn't cost jobs. What it would do is give a significant boost to a generation crippled by student loan debt and at times unable to make ends meet even when working more than 60 hours a week at current wages. But even that would be little more than a fighting chance. When we hear about the "destructive" and "radical" push to raise the minimum wage, no millennial should forget that $10.10 an hour is still a compromise.
The truth is that if the minimum wage had kept pace with worker productivity after 1968, it would be more than $20 an hour today. People wonder why today's young people can't seem to get ahead like their parents and grandparents did. That's why: Even a "substantial" hike to entry level wages would still put us far behind the average purchasing power of our predecessors at this phase in life.
It's not that the money isn't available. Our GDP will recover. The stock market is doing fine. But it's more difficult than ever for workers, especially those starting out, to get a fair share of the wealth their labor generates for businesses. Our businesses aren't so frail that they couldn't allocate higher pay for their employees; despite similar cries from the start of the minimum wage through every subsequent increase, a mandate on a minimum income for workers has never crippled the American economy. And who knows? Maybe employers will even get better value from employees who aren't coming off an eight-hour shift at their other jobs.
Economic justice impacts every American. But it is especially vital to those of us who are just starting out. We are the ones who must decide what kind of country we'll inherit when its current leaders are gone. So we've got to aggressively support politicians who seek to raise the minimum wage, and punish those who don't. If we refuse to flex our political muscle now, it won't be a future worth the 100-hour workweeks we're inheriting.
Emmett Rensin is an author, essayist and political activist in Chicago. His previous work has appeared in USA Today, Salon and the Los Angeles Review of Books. Follow him on Twitter @revemmettrensin.


text:
Browse by Author/Editor
Group by: Type of Work | No Grouping
Jump to: Article
Number of items: 1.
MacLennan, Calman A. and Fieschi, Claire and Lammas, David A and Picard, Capucine and Dorman, Susan E and Sanal, Ozden and MacLennan, Jenny M and Holland, Steven M and Ottenhoff, Tom H. M and Casanova, Jean-Laurent and Kumararatne, Dinakantha S (2004) Interleukin (IL)–12 and IL-23 Are Key Cytokines for Immunity against Salmonella in Humans. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 190 (10). pp. 1755-1757. ISSN 0022-1899


text:
The Soft Boys fall into the category of greatest bands you've never heard of.
The British group was together from 1976-'81 and was the first place where rock fans heard from witty singer, songwriter, and guitarist Robyn Hitchcock.
Their 1980 sophomore release, Underwater Moonlight, is considered a classic — but it didn't gain that stature until after the fact, when bands such as R.E.M., Nirvana, and Yo La Tengo cited its influence on their work. Like the Velvet Underground and Big Star before, the Soft Boys were ahead of their time.
"I don't think people knew what to make of [Underwater Moonlight] when they first heard it," says Soft Boys guitarist Kimberly Rew, who went on to form Katrina & the Waves and co-write the 1985 Top 10 smash "Walking on Sunshine," as well as "Going Down to Liverpool" (later covered by The Bangles).
"It doesn't sound like something typical from 1980; it sounds like somewhere out of rock history," Rew says of the album. "It could be something from the '60s, when rock and roll was quite young. And, yeah, we made it in a time when there wasn't a big sense of history about rock and roll, but there is now. I do find that over the years, it's become much easier for people to accept it and fit it into the musical landscape."
Rew and Hitchcock certainly hope that's the case, because they've reunited with Soft Boys mates Morris Windsor (drums) and Matthew Seligman (bass) and are midway through a tour promoting the Matador Records rerelease of Underwater Moonlight, expanded with outtakes and other rare tracks from the group's canon. Because the group spilt sans acrimony, Rew says there's been no trouble putting it together; in fact, all three musicians have worked on various Hitchcock solo projects during the intervening years.
But Rew, 49, says not to bank on the Soft Boys becoming a going concern again. "I think that kind of depends on what really happens over the next couple of months. The proof in the pudding will be in [this] experience. And so far, so good.
"But we're not willing to put everything on Robyn's shoulders. He might want to do another project or a solo album, or another collaboration. Or he could pursue the Soft Boys as long as everybody really wants to do it. Right now it's too early to know that."


text:
An arpeggio guitar guides through the intro part with a low steinway piano sound. Around 1:15 a powerful drumset comes in and gives this track a strong stand.
Of course VIDEOHIVE AUTHORS can use all my preview tracks in their video items. Please set a link and send me an email. Then I can complete my item descriptions. Thanks.
I'm very interested how my music was used. If it is possible, please let me know (on my profile page right side bottom).


text:
We've all experienced it: you send an important email, expecting to wait at least hours for a reply, but immediately get a response. Uh-oh. It's the out-of-office reply, a complex and coded message which essentially says "screw you".
Jorge Cham's annotated email rams that point home. My personal favorite is the mention of the sender being unable to reply to messages—which just makes me think of the recipient sat next to a pool, cocktail in one hand, iPhone in the other, laughing heartily as they read and quickly ignore my messages. Thanks, email. [PHD Comics]


text:
Trojan.NetSupport.RAT is a perilous computer infection that belongs to notorious Trojan horse family. It is a disastrous computer infection that can take down any Windows PC very easily. It is a vicious threat which can brutally mess with your machine and leave it abandoned and useless. This noxious malware is spreading very quickly via Internet and it can victimize your system before you can notice. Trojan.NetSupport.RAT virus mostly spread through malicious or pron websites, torrent files, cracked software, spam emails, bundled freeware and peer to peer file sharing method. Once installed, it can conduct lots of harmful and malignant activities on your system. It will disable your anti-virus programs and compromise your network settings. It can connect to remote server and download more threats on your PC.
Trojan.NetSupport.RAT is a serious threat created by hackers to make illegal profit. This nasty virus can hide deep into your machine and keep changing its location to stay undetected. It can also create its copies and distribute into various system files and folders. This precarious threat is able to modify registry settings of your computer to get start automatically when you boot your machine. Trojan.NetSupport.RAT can badly corrupt your system files and programs. Your PC will get terribly slow and often get unresponsive. You will not able to perform any task smoothly on your system. It can also steal your financial and personal information without your consent. It can share your details with hackers and risk your privacy. It can create backdoor on your system and allow remote access of your PC. So it is very important to remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT from your computer before any serious damage.
Important message !!!! – If Your Computer is infected by this virus then Click Here To Download Free Malware Scanner On your System And Remove Infection Now!
Methods To Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT Virus
Trojan.NetSupport.RAT is a lethal and nasty malware infection but it is possible to remove this virus completely. You can remove this infection through two ways – 1. Manual and 2. Automatic. As the name quite clears both methods, you can remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT virus manually from your system but it is a lengthy and time taking process. In this process virus can get removed but need lots of knowledge and experience. It also has drawback that virus can return after removal. The second method which is automatic and completely. You can use the best malware removal software to delete this infection completely and forever. So final choice is yours and you can detail about both these methods in this guide.
Option A : Manually Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT Virus
Step 1 – Start PC in Safe Mode With Networking
- Go to Start menu and click on Restart button.
- Now click F8 button when your system start booting.
- Advance boot menu will appear on your computer screen.
- Chose Safe Mode With Networking Option and hit Enter button.
- Go to Start menu, hold the Shift key and click on Restart button.
- Choose Troubleshoot option from the screen.
- Then click on Advanced Options.
- Now select the Startup Settings option.
- Select Enable Safe Mode option and click Restart button.
- Press F5 button to Enable Safe Mode With Networking option.
Step 2 – Kill Malicious Process From Task Manager
- Press ALT+Ctrl+Del buttons together on your keyboard.
- Task manager will get opened on your computer screen.
- In Process Tab select the malicious process, right click on it and choose End Task option.
- Press ALT+Ctrl+Del buttons together on your keyboard.
- You will see Task Manager option on your computer screen.
- In Process Tab select the malicious process, right click on it and choose End Task option.
Step 3 – Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT From Control Panel
- Click on Start menu and select Control Panel.
- Select Uninstall a program option under Programs category.
- Select Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related program and click on Uninstall button.
- Click on Start menu and select Control Panel.
- Select Uninstall a program option under Programs category.
- Select Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related program and click on Uninstall button.
- Right click on Windows logo (Start button) and select Control Panel.
- Select Uninstall a program option under Programs category.
- Select Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related program and click on Uninstall button.
Step 4 – Remove Malicious Extension From Browser
- Open Google Chrome browser and click on Menu option.
- Choose More tools and then select Extensions option.
- Find and Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related extensions.
- Open Firefox browser, click on Menu and select Add-ons option.
- Press Extension tab from add-ons Manager page.
- Find Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related extension and click on Remove button.
- Open IE, click on Gear icon and select Manage Add-ons option.
- Choose Toolbar and Extensions option from new window.
- Select Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related extension and click on Disable button.
Microsoft Edge browser doesn't have extension option, so you have to reset your homepage to remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT virus.
- Open Microsoft Edge browser, click on More (…) icon and select Settings.
- Select A specific page or pages under the Open With option.
- Select Custom and enter your desired URL to set as homepage.
Step 5 – Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT Related Files From Registry Editor
- Click Windows+R buttons together on your keyboard.
- Run box will get opened on your computer screen.
- Type "regedit" and click OK button.
- Find and remove all Trojan.NetSupport.RAT related registry entries.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\msmpeng.exe "Debugger" = 'svchost.exe'
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\msseces.exe "Debugger" = 'svchost.exe'
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings "WarnOnHTTPSToHTTPRedirect" = '0′
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings "WarnOnHTTPSToHTTPRedirect" = '0′
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SystemRestore "DisableSR " = '1′
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\ekrn.exe "Debugger" = 'svchost.exe'
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\msascui.exe "Debugger" = 'svchost.exe'
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run "3948550101?
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run "xas"
Option B – Remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT Automatically From PC
You can use the best and most powerful anti-malware software to remove Trojan.NetSupport.RAT virus from your computer. it is an easy and best method to get rid of all types of harmful and malicious threat. It quickly scans your entire computer and detect all harmful threats and viruses. It is quite effective with rootkits and keyloggers. It not only removes virus from your PC but also protect your computer from other threats. It gives real-time protection to your system from all types of malware, spyware, viruses, Trojans, Ransmoware and worms. It can work with all versions of Windows Operating system. You can download the trial version of SpyHunter Malware Scanner on your system to scan your computer for viruses. If it is able to detect malware on your PC and then register the software to remove infection completely.
How To Use SpyHunter Malware Scanner
Step 1 – Click the below button to download SpyHunter Malware Scanner on your computer.
Step 2 – Click on Scan Computer Now! Button to start a fresh scan of your PC.
Step 3 – SpyHunter will detect all harmful threats and viruses on your system.
Step 4 – Finally click on Fix Threats button to remove all viruses from your computer.


text: In the works for quite awhile, primitive though still wildly popular among fans free MMO Runescape has just launched PVP worlds, special PVP servers where players can fight against other players with their precious, precious items at risk. Characters are required to have a combat level of 20 to even enter a PVP world, where combat may be initiated anywhere but a few choice safe areas such as banks, a fact that is sure to make banks very crowded indeed. Not only is player killing encouraged, it is even rewarded, with item drops pulled from the opposing player's inventory and a special PVP world loot table which includes new PVP specific combat items and XP increasing gloves. The more time you spend in open PVP, the better the rewards. If you can get past Runescape's dated look and feel it could very well be a free PVP paradise. Hit the link for more details. 15 October 2008 - PvP Worlds [Runescape - Thanks Alan!]