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Studying Theology+RS
The theolog's survival pack
David Miller
About the discipline
Missiology is a relatively recent addition to the range of subjects which fall within the broad category of "theology", though of course mission in a variety of forms has been practised by the church since Pentecost. Indeed, the majority of theology courses, in British universities at least, do not include missiology. It is also one of the areas most difficult to define. It clearly relates to the traditional disciplines of biblical studies, church history and theology. However, because mission is above all something which is practised, mission studies must also relate to practical theology. With its focus on the engagement of the Gospel with culture, it is also informed by the social sciences, in particular the disciplines of anthropology, sociology and communication theory. And since mission involves the contact between the Christian faith and other faiths, it also relates to the discipline of religious studies, and the study of particular non-Christian religious traditions. In some universities and colleges the subject is referred to as mission studies rather than missiology. The two terms are close in meaning, though mission studies usually places more stress on the study of Christian mission and its impact throughout history and in different cultures (and in British universities it tends to be mission studies which is taught, whereas North American and some European seminaries will teach missiology). It may be that missiology is best understood as a multi-disciplinary subject, which both draws on Biblical studies, theology, church history, practical theology and the social sciences and also influences them. For example, reading the New Testament as documents which emerged in a missionary context may give fresh insights into understanding it. Likewise, learning to talk about theology in the context of engaging with other religious traditions may sharpen our grasp of key beliefs. And of course, in western contexts where society is arguably becoming post-Christian, insights from mission practitioners who have learned how to engage in mission and evangelism in non-Christian contexts will be invaluable to the church.
Key issues in current missiology
What is mission?
Mission is practised not just by evangelicals, but right across the spectrum of Christian traditions, including the broadly ecumenical World Council of Churches, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Orthodox churches. It is unsurprising therefore that there is a range of definitions of mission. At the popular level among evangelicals mission is often thought of as evangelism and church planting, usually in a different culture, though there is an increasing understanding of mission as meaning relief and development. There is of course much mature reflection on the subject being done by evangelical missiologists. Among the ecumenical churches there is greater emphasis placed on issues of development, social transformation and justice, though the importance of conversion is being increasingly recognised. Among Roman Catholics too evangelism is emphasised, though this often goes hand in hand with adherence to the institutional church. Pope Benedict 16th called for the re-evangelisation of Europe. Issues of justice, peace and liberation are also high on the agenda. Orthodox churches, many of which have a long history of life in either Islamic or communist contexts, often understand mission in terms of bearing witness through worship and presence. As with the Roman Catholic Church evangelism is often seen as drawing people into the institutional church. In both cases, however, it should be emphasised that conversion is seen as more than simple adherence to the institution. In as much as there is general agreement, mission is more than just evangelism, and is concerned with the proclamation and demonstration of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and the bringing in of his Kingdom.
Paradigm shift in mission
This is the theme of David Bosch's magisterial study Transforming Mission. Drawing on Thomas Kuhn's theory of paradigm shifts in science, such as that from the Ptolemaic view of the universe to the Copernican view, he argues that throughout Christian history there have been a number of different paradigms, or models, of Christian mission. These have reflected the relation between Christianity and its cultural setting. Thus, for example, there is a difference between the model of mission practised during the patristic period, when Christianity was a minority religion within the Roman Empire, and that of the Christendom period, when it was effectively the state religion. This differs again from the enlightenment paradigm, i.e. from the 18th century onwards, when Protestant mission in particular shared some of the assumptions of the enlightenment, such as the inevitability of progress, the ability of technology to solve all problems, and the superiority of Western culture and civilisation. Bosch's thesis is that the events of the twentieth century, including the end of colonialism, the rise of nationalism, the destruction resulting from two world wars, the fact that technology has been seen to be a curse as much as a blessing, the increasing environmental threat, and the growth of Christianity in the non-Western world, all mean that a new paradigm of mission is necessary, and in fact is emerging. His book is an attempt to suggest what shape this new paradigm will take. It is fair to say that one of the chief concerns of contemporary mission studies is the question "What will a post-modern paradigm of mission look like?" David Smith, in his Mission After Christendom explores these same themes. This is not merely a theoretical discussion, but one which will significantly affect the practice of mission. If western missionaries still approach mission from the perspective that their way of doing things is the right way or the best way they risk being guilty of a kind of ecclesiastical colonialism. One of Boschs main emphasises is that mission will be practiced in partnership. In essence, mission can no longer be thought of as from the West to the rest but rather as being from everywhere to everywhere.
Missio dei
The concept of missio dei, the mission of God, is one of the key concepts in contemporary missiology. It signifies a shift away from seeing mission as something, which the church does, to seeing mission as something which God does, indeed as something which God, by his nature, is. Just as the Father sends the Son, and as Father and Son together send the Spirit, so Father, Son and Spirit send the church into the world, as an instrument of God's sending and saving love. This results in seeing mission as more than just making converts and planting churches, but rather as an expression of God's love and purpose for the world. There is a lot of strength in this concept, but it presents difficulties for evangelicals in the way that more radical theologians and practitioners have interpreted it. They interpret the mission of God as being anything which leads towards human liberation. So, for example, the activities of Marxist guerrilla movements or, more contemporaneously, ecological activists, even if they have no explicit Christian connection, may be identified as working within the mission of God, since they reflect God's purposes for the world. This view was strongly represented in WCC circles between the 1960s and 1980s, where "humanisation" rather than "salvation" was emphasised, and it still has influence today. Evangelicals are right to be critical of this approach (and their concerns are also held by other conservative Christians), because it often ignores the issues of human fallen-ness, the call for repentance which accompanied Jesus' teaching on the Kingdom, the NT emphasis on the Lordship of Christ, and the whole eschatological dimension of Scripture. The evangelical missiologist Chris Wright, in his magisterial work The Bible and the Mission of God, shows how this understanding of mission is thoroughly grounded in a reading of the whole of Scripture. Despite all the ways in which the term has been appropriated by various groups within the church, if understood correctly it is truly biblical, and helps the church to engage in mission from a position of humility, conscious of her privilege in sharing in what God is already doing in the world to reconcile individuals with Himself, to reconcile communities and ultimately to make all things new.
Dialogue and the relation with other religions
The issue of how Christians involved in mission relate to those of other faith traditions is becoming increasingly important. The twentieth century saw the growth of Christianity to become a truly global religion, but it did not see a corresponding decline in the other so-called "high" religions of Judaism Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. Most growth occurred as people moved from primal religions to Christianity. If anything, there has been a resurgence in these other non-Christian religions as well. This has led to a questioning among some Christians, both about the status of those who either do not hear or who do not respond to the Gospel of Christ, and to the question of how those of other faiths should be approached. Traditional evangelical thinking viewed everyone who did not respond positively to the claims of Christ as eternally lost, and tended to understand the other religious traditions as being either the products of human ignorance or of demonic deception. Some Roman Catholic theologians have suggested approaches which retain the supremacy of Christ but which see Christ as the fulfilment of other religions. Rahner, for example, speaks of anonymous Christians, i.e. those who would be Christians if they heard. Scholars such as John Hick and Wilfred Cantwell Smith have suggested a still more radical approach to the understanding of the variety of religious traditions in the world, which removes claims of Christianity's uniqueness as a way of salvation. Hick advocates a theocentric approach, understanding Christ not as the only way to salvation, but as one of a number of valid ways of understanding the divine. Broadly speaking these three approaches have come to be categorised as
Exclusivist the traditional view which sees Christ as the only way of salvation
Inclusivist the view which sees Christ as the fulfilment of the quest of all religious traditions, but which recognises that within these traditions there is at least a degree of true revelation
Pluralist the view which sees Christ as one of a number of manifestations of the divine
Along with the latter two views has come an increasing emphasis on dialogue as a means of increasing understanding between those of various traditions. Pluralists in particular are adamant that the goal of this dialogue is not conversion to Christianity but rather a sharing of religious experience with a view to deepening understanding within ones own tradition. Thus Paul Knitter can say, for example, that "The goal of missionary work is being achieved when announcing the gospel to all peoples makes the Christian a better Christian and the Buddhist a better Buddhist" (in No Other Name: A Critical Survey of Christian Attitudes towards the World Religions, p.222, published by Orbis).
The pluralist position represents a major challenge to orthodox Christian claims about the uniqueness of Christ, both at an academic and at a popular level. However, it can itself be accused of creating a new exclusivism, in that it insists on recognising the validity of all religious expressions. Thus it excludes not only orthodox Christians but also many Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists from the area of dialogue. It also finds it difficult to deal with the intrinsically different worldviews of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, which acknowledge a clear distinction between the Creator and His creation, and the monism of Hinduism and Buddhism. On a practical level, pluralists have often found it difficult to find dialogue partners within other traditions who share their agenda.
Understandably evangelicals are very suspicious and critical of the pluralist position (and this feeling is mutual). Nevertheless, there is a growing recognition that a dialogical rather than a polemical approach towards those of other faiths is increasingly important in todays world. In particular, since 9/11 and the rise of the commonly held feeling that religion is a major source of violence in the world, evangelicals need to think through how to relate well with those of other faith traditions and to be peacemakers wherever possible. While evangelicals are in general reluctant to seek to share religious experiences for mutual enrichment, dialogue with the goal of developing understanding and, in certain cases, of engaging in common action in areas of mutual interest, such as community projects, is something in which they do well to engage.
Contextualisation refers to the process of the Christian message finding expression within particular cultures, historical situations and contexts. In some circles the word inculturation is used, but the two terms are virtually interchangeable. The expression emerged in the 1970s, although there are numerous examples throughout history of contextual forms of Christianity emerging. It is in fact a process which began as soon as the Gospel moved from its original Jewish setting into the gentile world, and Christians had to begin asking questions such as "What does it mean to be a Christian in a Greek setting?" and "If I become a Christian do I need to become culturally Jewish?". The answers to these questions affect Christian ethics, doctrine, and language. And they are questions which Christians have had to ask again every time the Gospel moves from one culture to another, hence its significance for missiology. Many examples of contextual forms of Christianity which have emerged in the twentieth century have been concerned with questions of social justice, notably the various expressions of liberation theology which have emerged in Latin America, among blacks in North America, in South Africa, among the dalits (the outcaste peoples) in India, and the minjung (the working masses) in South Korea. In large parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where there has been substantial Christian growth over the last hundred years, the place of pre-Christian religious traditions, the understanding of ancestors and the whole realm of the activity of spirits have become major issues of discussion. Is it all right, for example, to use as a name for God the name of the High God of the traditional religion present before Christianity came? (Most African Christians answer yes to this question.) African expressions of Christianity have emerged to challenge the Western model which much nineteenth and twentieth century mission brought with it.
Evangelicals are often cautious about contextualisation and contextual expressions of theology. This is partly because these have often emerged from liberal churches which place less emphasis on the authority of Scripture, and which are more willing to adopt local resources from a culture's pre-Christian or non-Christian tradition. It is, however, partly because Western evangelicals are also culturally blinkered. We assume that our own expressions of Christian faith and practice are somehow "pure" and untainted by our culture, but, as Bosch and others have demonstrated, Western evangelicalism is strongly influenced by modernity and the Enlightenment. Increasingly, evangelicals involved in mission both as missiologists and as practitioners have embraced the concept of contextualisation, seeing it as vital to enable Christianity to be expressed in culturally appropriate forms, and to be freed from its image as a western religion. Increasing numbers of attacks on Christians by militant Islamic groups in places such as Pakistan, Indonesia and Nigeria, highlights the importance of this. Contextualisation must not be seen simply as a tool to make mission more effective. Truly authentic contextualisation will occur naturally as the Gospel takes root and bears fruit spontaneously within particular cultures. The particular challenge for evangelicals is to let Scripture remain authoritative within any culture, but to realise that all interpretations of the Scripture are affected by cultural presuppositions. Developing good skills in hermeneutics thus is vital
Evangelism, development and transformation.
The question of the relationship between the verbal proclamation of the Gospel and its demonstration was (and in some cases still is) a particularly thorny one for evangelicals throughout most of the twentieth century. The emergence of the Social Gospel movement which reinterpreted salvation in humanistic rather than eschatological terms caused evangelicals to retreat from their commitment to social action which had characterised them in the nineteenth century. Within the ecumenical movement the goal of mission came to be seen almost exclusively in this-worldly terms. It is a slight caricature, but Western evangelicals tended to be very suspicious of any activity which smacked too much of social or political involvement, except for activities such as medical mission. Even these were mainly of value in creating responsiveness in people for the message of spiritual salvation. It was the Lausanne Congress of 1974 which marked a turning point in evangelical thinking in this area. The contribution in particular of Latin American evangelical leaders such as Rene Padilla, Samuel Escobar and the late Orlando Costas awakened this gathering of evangelical leaders to the challenge of poverty and injustice, and the fact that authentic mission had to respond to these questions. Many Western evangelicals still feel a certain degree of tension between the need to preach "spiritual" salvation and work for earthly justice, and there is need for continued reflection on Biblical and theological themes relating to these questions. The Biblical theme which is of most help here is Jesus' teaching on the kingdom. With its emphasis on Jesus' concern for the whole person, the call for a radical repentance and the emphasis on both the "now" and the "not yet" of the kingdom, it may help to resolve the apparent dichotomy between the physical and the spiritual. (This itself may be more a product of Western rationalism rather than of Biblical reflection). Along with that is emerging an understanding of the goal of mission as being transformation, both of individuals and of communities. This transformation is something which will begin in the present, but will only be fully realised at the Parousia. Chris Wrights work in his The Mission of God in which he writes of the ultimacy of evangelism is very helpful here
Pentecostalism and the growth of non-Western Christianity
The growth of Christianity in the non-Western world is one of the most significant features of twentieth century church history. This growth has taken place primarily in sub-Saharan Africa, in parts of Asia such as China and South Korea, and in Latin America. It has to be acknowledged that in the case of Latin America what Protestants would call growth Roman Catholics would call sheep-stealing since virtually all the growth in Protestant churches has been at the expense of a (frequently nominal) Roman Catholicism. This growth has huge implications for the question of contextualisation discussed above. What is also significant is that much of this growth has been of Pentecostal Christianity. Out of an estimated two billion Christians in the world, some 500 million are thought to be Pentecostal. The vast majority of these are in the non-Western world, and large numbers are poor. There is no doubt that the vibrancy of Pentecostal worship, its emphasis on personal conversion and spiritual experience, its engagement with spiritual and demonic powers, the place it gives to healing, and the sense of hope which it offers to those in poverty are all factors contributing to this phenomenon. In some sections of this movement prosperity teaching is popular, although given the economic situation of many Pentecostal Christians this is understandable. The movement has also been accused of being manipulated by North American and European Pentecostal leaders, but in fact one of the characteristics of the movement is the degree of indigenous leadership which exists within it. The movement has also been accused of ignoring political and economic issues, especially in Latin America, but there is a growing sense of social concern evident. And the fact that a movement which lays such stress on "spiritual" themes such as conversion, baptism in the Spirit, exorcism and healing is growing so rapidly is a challenge to those sections of the church which have for many years virtually ignored those questions. The growth of the Pentecostals has also challenged many sociologists of religion such as Peter Berger and David Martin to review their own theories of secularisation.
Mission in the Western world
Along with the growth of non-Western Christianity has come the decline of Christianity in the West. This is particularly noticeable in Europe. However, even in the USA where there is a far higher proportion of church attendance and practising Christians among the population, the influence of Christianity in public life appears limited. The late Lesslie Newbigin and others in both Europe and America, reflecting on their own missionary experiences in the non-Western world (Newbigin was a missionary in India), have been encouraging the Western church to see Western society as a missiological challenge. In other words, they try to apply the insights gained through cross-cultural mission to Western society which, though arguably once Christian is now predominantly influenced by secular humanism and pluralism. Newbigin famously presented the challenge thus, "Can the West be converted?"
Two themes in particular are significant here. The first is the fact of migration, which has resulted in many non-western Christians from countries which were evangelised by Western missionaries in the 19th and 20th centuries coming to the countries from which missionaries were sent and being shocked by the decline of Christianity which they find there, especially in Europe. The term reverse mission has been coined to refer to this phenomenon, which sometimes consists of missionaries specifically sent from countries such as Nigeria, Ghana, India, Brazil and Argentina to re-evangelise the west, and sometimes consist of Christians from the non-Western world who have migrated to the west for other reasons and for whom sharing faith is a natural thing. However, it should also be noted that many of them have found that secular Western culture is much more resistant to the Gospel than the cultures from which they have come.
This in turn leads to the growing interest from Western churches in exploring fresh ways to engage missional with the surround culture. There has been a renewed interest in apologetics (partly in response to the attacks of the so-called New Atheists), in church planting, and in new expressions of church. The common phrase from maintenance to mission expresses the challenge which our current situation presents. That is, how do congregations and denominations move from a position which sees their role as keeping the structure of the church going, (thus in effect making the goal evangelism and mission as being to get more people in), and instead move to a stance where the people of God (and therefore individual congregations and denominations) see themselves as the instruments of God, sent into the world to share in His mission.
Missiology's contribution to theology
The study of mission ought to inform many of the more traditional areas of Christian theology. For example, understanding the Bible, and the New Testament documents in particular to have emerged in missionary situations, will give new insights to Biblical studies. Similarly, Christian doctrine will be enriched by seeing the creeds as examples of contextual theology, in other words, formulations and expression of Christian truth in response to questions arising from that particular historical context. Church history has always been concerned with the expansion of Christianity, but the rise of non-Western forms of Christianity will encourage listening to voices from the underside of history. Contextualisation and translation theory influence the discipline of hermeneutics and biblical interpretation. And, as referred to above, practical theology will benefit from the insights of cultural anthropology and communication theory which have emerged in missionary situations, as it addresses the essentially missionary challenges facing the Western church. In particular, Christian youthwork has picked up on missiological insights in recognising the essentially cross-cultural nature of work with the present generation of young people.
Key books
N.B. The vast majority of books listed below are written by evangelicals or at least reflect a conservative position on mission. This list is not intended to be exhaustive, and it should be borne in mind that there are many writings on the issues raised above which are not from an evangelical position. Many of these do have some helpful insights as well as raising tough questions for evangelicals. The books below may provide some pointers for a response
Bosch D, 1991 Transforming Mission New York: Orbis - the classic work. Not always an easy read, and certain areas of importance which have emerged since his death are not covered, but it remains an essential text. Bosch writes from the perspective of one who spans both the evangelical and ecumenical positions.
Kirk JA, 1999 What is Mission? London: DLT - a helpful introduction to the complexities of the subject, rather easier to read than Bosch, and picks up on more recent developments. Read it as a complement to Bosch
Walls A, 1996 The Missionary Movement in Christian History Edinburgh: T & T Clark- another essential read, especially in the areas of contextualisation and mission history. The first chapter "The Gospel as Prisoner and Liberator of Culture" ought to be required reading for all theology students.
Kostenberger AJ and O'Brien PT, 2001 Salvation to the Ends of the Earth: A biblical theology of mission Leicester: Apollos - as the title suggests, a very helpful survey of Biblical material relating to the theme of mission
Samuel V and Sugden S, 2000 Mission as Transformation Carlisle: Regnum - a collection of articles by evangelical missiologists attempting to develop a holistic approach to mission
Stott JRW (ed.), 1996 Making Christ Known Carlisle: Paternoster - a collection of documents on aspects of mission which have emerged from within the Lausanne movement, the overarching evangelical grouping concerned with world mission
Bevans S, 2002 Models of Contextual Theology (Revised Ed) Maryknoll, NY: Orbis - written by a Roman Catholic missiologist, this is a very helpful introduction to the area of contextual theology.
Dowsett R (ed.), 2011 Global Mission: Reflections and Case Studies in Contextualisation Pasadena, CA.: William Carey Library
Gallagher R and Hertig P (eds), 2009 Landmark Essays in World Christianity Maryknoll: Orbis a very helpful collection of key essays both exploring key issues in missiology and tracing the development of themes in the area of mission studies
Jenkins P, 2003 The next Christendom : the coming of global Christianity Oxford: OUP a stimulating study of the significance of the growth of non-Western Christianity for the world church and the future of Christianity.
Schnabel E, 2004 Early Christian Mission vols 1 and 2 Leicester: Apollos an exhaustive treatment of the Biblical material dealing with the growth of the church and its practise of mission, by an author who is both a missionary and a New Testament specialist
Schnabel E, 2008 Paul the Missionary: Realities, Strategies and Methods Leicester: Apollos a more condensed version of the above book, focussing on Paul.
Smith D, 2003 Mission after Christendom London: DLT a moving and thought-provoking study of what mission should look like in a world in which Christianity is no longer the dominant religion of the West. The themes of mission in the contexts of secularisation, pluralism and globalisation are explored. Highly recommended.
Wright C, 2006 The Mission of God Leicester: IVP a very detailed study of the concept of the Mission of God, traced though both Old and New testaments.
Skreslet S, 2012 Comprehending Mission Maryknoll, NY: Orbis for those who wish to understand the debates around the nature of missiology and mission studies and current views, this is a very helpful book
About the author David Miller served as a missionary in Japan for ten years with OMF International. He then taught missiology at International Christian College in Glasgow prior to that colleges closure, and now serves as pastor of Millerston United Free Church of Scotland and works as a freelance mission educator and researcher. He can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Few things are harder than predicting the future. The people of Wall Street were paid vast amounts of money to do it and they failed miserably, causing an international financial crisis. I can't be worse than those bankers, so it's my time to make some predictions about the future — about game development's future.
Times are tough for game developers: independant studios are falling left and right, Electronic Arts is cutting over a thousand job — a lot of talented people find themselves without a job.
Yet, when you look at sales numbers, things don't look so bad. The gaming industry grew in 2008. If you ignore Nintendo (who was behind a lot of the growth), numbers stagnated but didn't really drop. Publishers are cutting projects and jobs more in reaction to the drop of their stock rather than the drop of their sales. As such, they might be over-reacting to the situation.
Still, it's going to be tough in the short to medium term. On the long term, things could get interesting. Times of crisis are when the status quo can change unpredictably. The gaming industry could be quite different from what we're used to at the other side of this storm.
Here are some changes that I expect will happen:
- Cheaper Games
At $60, games are expensive. While people will still buy games, they'll spend more prudently and will prefer affordable titles. Game prices will drop and free games (supported by ads) will become more common.
- Longer Games
With the same intention of getting more for their money, customers will prefer long games to short ones. More unemployed people also means more players with a lot of free time to occupy. As such, long games will become more popular. RPGs, turn-based games, games with strong multiplayer and other games that can be played for a long time will rise in popularity.
- More Independant Studios
Independant studios are having a hard time right now because publishers are cutting projects left and right. Once that wave of panic has passed, publishers will still need games to sell. After gutting their internal studios, they'll have to look outside for teams. At the same time, all those developers who lost their jobs will be looking for new ones. Some of them will create new studios. After years of consolidation, the gaming industry will quickly get back to having lots of third party developers.
- Games from the Rest of the World
Development in Silicon Valley is expensive: salaries are high and office space costs a lot. There are lots of talented teams working elsewhere in the world that are much less expensive. The crisis has been softened here in Montreal for that reason — projects here cost less than American projects. I expect more quality games to come from outside the US and Japan: China, Korea, Eastern Europe and Canada have the advantage when budgets are cut.
- More Downloadable Games
Large publishers are being extra cautious about which projects they sign. Stores stock fewer games, focusing only on the sure-fire hits. Downloadable games, on the other hand, avoid those hurdles entirely. Lots of developers are turning their eyes to downloadable PC, XBLA, PSN and iPhone games. As it becomes harder to get games into stores and easier to distribute them online, I expect the move toward downloadable games will accelerate.
- Fewer Casual Titles
By definition, casual gamers aren't very passionate about gaming. If time are tough, they're likely to stop purchasing new games. They might turn toward free games, but that will make it harder to sell them titles directly. As such, I wouldn't be surprised to see fewer casual games.
- Lower Budget Games
Games will have lower budgets. That means it will be harder to compete strictly by having higher production values than the competition — you can't just throw money at the problem anymore. Efficiency and creativity will be more important than ever. This will affect marketing too: social games that create buzz because people are playing together will become popular without needing huge marketing budgets.
- PC Games on Netbooks
Netbooks, those super-small sub-$500 laptops, are all the rage these days. People want small computers they can carry everywhere without paying through the nose. Netbooks are not very good gaming machines, but developers will have to adapt: there will be good business making games for these new systems.
- More Episodic Games
Making a game is a huge financial risk. Episodic games reduces those risks by splitting development in smaller chunks. If an episodic game is unpopular, it can be changed or even cancelled before further episodes are developed. What's more, individual episodes are cheaper to purchase by players, are downloaded rather than bought in stores and the entertainment is split over a longer period of time — all factors I mentioned above.
- The End of the Gaming Gizmos Fad
Gizmos have been popular in gaming lately — how many fake musical instruments and plastic thingies to put wiimotes into do you have? Publishers love these things because they raise the profit margins of their games. Higher prices mean people are less likely to buy them in a recession. Guitar Hero World Tour and Rock Band 2 sold below expectations in part because of this — you don't buy a $200 game when you fear you'll lose your job. I suspect the popularity of games requiring special hardware will drop very fast.
Chances are, I'm completely wrong with these predictions. The future is hard to predict when things are going smoothly and near impossible to divine when things are chaotic like now. Chaos brings change — some will be good, some will be bad. A crisis can bring change in the status quo; those at the head of the current status quo have the most to lose.

subset: commoncrawl


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Visit the 2014 AAPD Annual Session Online Itinerary to plan your trip to Boston! View the complete scientific program with course descriptions, speaker bios and more; search by session type, day or keywords. Create an account to save your preferred sessions and exhibitors. Check out the current exhibitors online with the Exhibitor pages and plan out who to visit to purchase your dental supplies and update your office! Search by category or company. Check back often for updates and bookmark the page to make it easy.
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Register now for Annual Session 2014.
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text: http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/video/...t_20_30_Further_Delays_Possible_Analysts.html Nvidia GeForce GTX 400 Yields Are at 20% - 30%, Further Delays Possible Analysts. Analysts: Nvidia May Have Less than 10 Thousand of Fermi Graphics Chips [04/21/2010 12:29 PM] by Anton Shilov Even though Nvidia Corp. commercially released its GeForce GTX 400-series roughly six months after the first public demonstration and had to disable parts of the chips to ensure higher supply, financial analysts from Needham and Company claim that Nvidia only has about ten thousand of Fermi-series chips on the market at the moment and that the yields of Fermi chips is between 20% and 30%. We are downgrading Nvidia to a hold and removing our 12-month price target (was $22) after a series of channel checks indicating that Fermi is not ramping well and there could be further product delays. Based on our findings, Nvidia has very limited supply of Fermi desktop/notebook parts and yields remain poor at around 20-30%, analyst Rajvindra Gill wrote in a note to clients. In a bid to improve yields of the code-named GF100 chip (NV60, GT300, G300), Nvidia disabled 32 out of 512 stream processors even on flagship GeForce GTX 480 graphics board, however, after the product was formally launched on the 12th of April, it is still rarely available and where it is in stock, it costs much more than its recommended price of $499. Considering the fact that Nvidia GF100 chip which powers both GeForce GTX 470 and GTX 480 graphics boards and will eventually power the Tesla C2000-series computing cards consists of 3.1 billion of transistors and is made using TSMCs 40nm process technology known for its insufficient yields, it is not a surprise that Nvidia cannot ship enough modern DirectX 11-supporting graphics processing units (GPUs) to compete successfully with its arch-rival ATI, graphics business unit of Advanced Micro Devices. Since Nvidias top-of-the-range GeForce GTX 480 has not managed to recapture performance leadership from ATI Radeon HD 5970 and is also not widely available, the halo effect of the advanced product launch will not be significant The analyst from Needman believes that the potential delays of other chips from the Fermi family will inevitably mean additional design wins for ATI, which will lead to further market share loss by Nvidia. Recently ATI already announced that it had shipped over six milion DirectX 11 graphics processors since late September, meanwhile, according to Rajvindra Gill, Nvidia has supplied less than ten thousand of its GF100 chips. We believe Nvidia could lose market share starting in [the second half of 2010], face a more challenging pricing environment and/or experience potentially lower gross margins, said the analyst. Nvidia declined to comment on the information. ----------------------------------------------- Though only a rumour, and not really plausible, those rumblings about Apple acquiring AMD look a bit more interesting, logistics and regulatory concerns aside.


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The Story, from The Hill (8/7/11)
Report calls on Pentagon to prepare for possible debt-deal spending cuts
The debt-ceiling legislation signed into law on Tuesday contains no firm figure for how deeply Pentagon and national security agency budgets will shrink over the next decade. But the White House and senior Democratic lawmakers say it'll be $350 billion.
If a yet-to-be-formed "super committee" of House and Senate members fails to come up with a deficit-reduction plan by late November, the debt-ceiling law requires massive cuts to several troughs of federal spending — including national security agencies. Those cuts could total up to an additional $500 billion over a decade.
So what programs are essential? What initiatives can afford to be cut? How can Congress meet the mandated reductions without hallowing the military at a time of such precarious national security and overseas operations? Discuss below:


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Paying homage to the1960's sweet spot between your car's center console and the dash, Dakine's 8 Track Shorts tune-in with high-tech features for your downhill or freeride ventures. Highly resilient nylon canvas shell delivers bombproof performance, plus there's several pockets, including a pocket for your pass or I.D. Integrated mesh liner and zippered leg vents increase airflow; rear stretch panel, gusseted crotch, side waist adjusters enhance mobility; and 16" inseam is designed to fit over knee pads. Clean-looking flat waist and belt loops add style when you'd rather cruise around on four wheels instead of two.
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President Barack Obama pardoned two turkeys in an annual Thanksgiving rite on Wednesday, saying he wanted to offer the birds a second chance.
WASHINGTON (AP) � President Barack Obama pardoned two turkeys in an annual Thanksgiving rite on Wednesday, saying he wanted to offer the birds a second chance.
"They say life is full of second chances, and this November I couldn't agree more with that sentiment," a smiling Obama said in one of several lighthearted references to his re-election this month to a second term.
Cobbler, the newly designated national turkey, and his alternate, Gobbler, received a reprieve.
"The American people have spoken, and these birds are moving forward!" Obama said in a reference to his campaign slogan of "Forward."
Obama noted that Cobbler and Gobbler were selected by the American people, who cast their votes for the national Thanksgiving turkey on the White House Facebook page.
"Once again, Nate Silver completely nailed it," Obama said, referring to the New York Times blogger who correctly predicted the president's decisive victory in the Electoral College.
Accompanied by daughters Sasha and Malia, Obama waved his hand over Cobbler in a vaguely religious "dispensation," then laughed as the bird gobbled loudly. Obama and Sasha petted the turkey. Malia did not.
"Congratulations, Cobbler. You're going to have a great life," Obama said.
The 19-week-old, 40-pound turkeys are from Rockingham County, Va. They will live at George Washington's Mount Vernon estate, along with last year's birds, Liberty and Peace.
Thanks to the American people, "the only cobbler anyone's eating this Thanksgiving will come with a side of ice cream," Obama said.
On a more serious note, Obama asked Americans to remember those in the Northeast who lost their homes, possessions and loved ones to Superstorm Sandy. Obama, who toured New York and New Jersey after the storm, said he has seen much destruction, "but I have yet to find a broken spirit."
Later the Obamas and the president's mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, went to the Capital Area Food Bank where they distributed sweet potatoes, carrots and other vegetables to those in need, including a group of children wearing bright yellow vests identifying them as part of the ECS youth program. Michelle Obama's brother, Craig Robinson, who coaches the Oregon State University men's basketball team, joined them, along with several team members.
The tradition of pardoning a Thanksgiving turkey at the White House started with President John F. Kennedy in 1963.


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I used to get very frustrated with my companions on my mission. Every time a Born Again Christian would announce that "Mormons believe they have to work their way to heaven" my companion would inevitably argue back "Well you believe that after you accept Christ you can commit any sin you want and still go to heaven." Trying to separate the combatants and send them to their corners proved impossible.
But Protestant Christians do not believe a person can accept Christ and then go out and commit unrepentant sin and still go to heaven [1] any more than Mormons believe they have to work their way to heaven. [2] But what is the difference between the Protestant Christian view of grace and works and the Mormon one?
Pat answers do not help here. Mormons claiming that that they are saved by grace "after all we can do" (2 Nephi 25:23) implies that Protestant Christians think one doesn't really have to be serious about their commitment to Christ by putting in effort. But my direct experience with them contradicts this belief. Protestants usually do believe one must accept Jesus as Lord and begin to follow His commandments with sincerity. I believe Protestants and Evangelicals, while perhaps rejecting the language, in principle and practice accept the teachings of 2 Nephi 25:23. [3] Continue reading


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RoomMates Peel-And-Stick Tree Branches Wall Decal
Description: The black tree branches wall decals allow Mom to create her very own custom wall decor. Whether it's a dramatic black tree in the bedroom, a display of branches in the bathroom, or even a family tree display in the living room, Mom is sure to love how easily this decal transforms any living space. Each of the included 60 branch and leaves decals are pre-cut, and can be applied, removed, and re-applied over and over again. All RoomMates decals are made in the U.S. and are available at major retailers and at www.RoomMatesDecor.com for $26.49.
Price: $26.49


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Leno's lame-ass "safe" comedy style. Blech.
Conan OBrien Says He Wont Host Tonight Show Following LenoBy BILL CARTERConan OBrien says he will not host The Tonight Show if it is moved to 12:05 a.m.In a statement Tuesday afternoon, Mr. OBrien said he cannot participate in what I honestly believe is its destruction.Mr. OBriens comments come two days after NBC formally outlined a plan to move The Jay Leno Show to 11:35 p.m. in March, elbowing Mr. OBriens Tonight Show back half an hour. Mr. Leno seems supportive of the plan; but in his statement, Mr. OBrien rejects it outright. The statement reads: People of Earth: In the last few days, Ive been getting a lot of sympathy calls, and I want to start by making it clear that no one should waste a second feeling sorry for me. For 17 years, Ive been getting paid to do what I love most and, in a world with real problems, Ive been absurdly lucky. That said, Ive been suddenly put in a very public predicament and my bosses are demanding an immediate decision. Six years ago, I signed a contract with NBC to take over The Tonight Show in June of 2009. Like a lot of us, I grew up watching Johnny Carson every night and the chance to one day sit in that chair has meant everything to me. I worked long and hard to get that opportunity, passed up far more lucrative offers, and since 2004 I have spent literally hundreds of hours thinking of ways to extend the franchise long into the future. It was my mistaken belief that, like my predecessor, I would have the benefit of some time and, just as important, some degree of ratings support from the prime-time schedule. Building a lasting audience at 11:30 is impossible without both. But sadly, we were never given that chance. After only seven months, with my Tonight Show in its infancy, NBC has decided to react to their terrible difficulties in prime-time by making a change in their long-established late night schedule. Last Thursday, NBC executives told me they intended to move the Tonight Show to 12:05 to accommodate the Jay Leno Show at 11:35. For 60 years the Tonight Show has aired immediately following the late local news. I sincerely believe that delaying the Tonight Show into the next day to accommodate another comedy program will seriously damage what I consider to be the greatest franchise in the history of broadcasting. The Tonight Show at 12:05 simply isnt the Tonight Show. Also, if I accept this move I will be knocking the Late Night show, which I inherited from David Letterman and passed on to Jimmy Fallon, out of its long-held time slot. That would hurt the other NBC franchise that I love, and it would be unfair to Jimmy. So it has come to this: I cannot express in words how much I enjoy hosting this program and what an enormous personal disappointment it is for me to consider losing it. My staff and I have worked unbelievably hard and we are very proud of our contribution to the legacy of The Tonight Show. But I cannot participate in what I honestly believe is its destruction. Some people will make the argument that with DVRs and the Internet a time slot doesnt matter. But with the Tonight Show, I believe nothing could matter more. There has been speculation about my going to another network but, to set the record straight, I currently have no other offer and honestly have no idea what happens next. My hope is that NBC and I can resolve this quickly so that my staff, crew, and I can do a show we can be proud of, for a company that values our work. Have a great day and, for the record, I am truly sorry about my hair; its always been that way. Yours, ConanAfter 16 years making a name with his distinctive brand of intellectually silly comedy on NBCs Late Night show, Mr. OBrien replaced Mr. Leno as the host of The Tonight Show a mere seven months ago. He is just the fifth man to lead Tonight, after Steve Allen, Jack Paar, Johnny Carson and Mr. Leno.Mr. Leno, meanwhile, moved to prime time in September as the host of The Jay Leno Show. But the 10 p.m. experiment was a bust for many NBC affiliates, which have seen the ratings for their late local newscasts plummet.Amid mounting pressure to scrap the talk show, NBC announced on Sunday that Mr. Lenos last show at 10 p.m. would be Feb. 11. NBC will begin showing the Winter Olympics the next day, setting the stage for a new schedule on March 1. But the network acknowledged that day that Mr. OBrien was not yet on board with the move.Fox has expressed interest in starting a late-night show starring Mr. OBrien provided he found a way to extricate himself from his NBC contract. The contractual complications were outlined in this story in Tuesdays New York Times.
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In one month all the campaigning and Election Day will be over. But between now and then, there is a lot of ground to cover.
Politics is everywhere. I have to laugh when I see on Facebook and in other venues people talking about how much they hate politics or the campaigns under way. The mere fact that they take the time to write about it means they are actually paying attention. They just don't want to admit it.
Last week's debate had record viewership and for all who said they did not tune in or they tuned it out, I bet they read at least one or two reports about the debate after it was all said and done. We won't get into here who did better or worse in the debate between President Barack Obama and Gov. Mitt Romney.
The presidential campaign is sure to get even more interesting as the next few weeks fly by. It's hard to tune it out even if you want to because we are all political beings, whether we like it or not.
Politics is in our everyday lives and sometimes is just below the surface, but it is there. It's in the workplace, in business, sports and in our schools.
Without realizing it, we make decisions that are political in nature. We read about stores or companies that don't support certain causes and all of a sudden we decide we no longer enjoy shopping at Brand X or Y. That decision sends a message and becomes a political statement.
In this day and age of social media, it is simply amazing just how fast a message gets out. During the first debate, if you you checked what people were saying in Twitter or Facebook, you knew immediately that the moderator was not doing his job.
Politics has been changed by social media so much over the years because the candidates themselves use it to get their messages out as well.
What about the Bowl Championship Series and if there should be a playoff in college football? That became even more political when we asked the president to weigh in.
The recent NFL referee debacle also reached the point of no return when owners and the league received so much pressure to make a deal to get the "real" refs back. That was political.
Politics isn't always about Democrats and Republicans, or Independents and the tea party. It's about having different viewpoints on various issues.
There's no doubt we can all agree on one thing: The economy is still one of the biggest issues we have on the table today like it was four years ago. We all have a vested interest in finding ways to make it better, but the path to getting there is what becomes a political landmine.
Editor Kathy Nelson may be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or 843-815-0800, Ext. 19. Her column runs every other week.


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.Classified ads are not allowed on the forum.
Found what I believe to be the build sheet, it was above the gas tank.
Paul, no sign of the build sheet until I dropped the tank. Very glad I did as it is extremely fragile. Mine was on the drivers side of the tank. This car was built in Van Nuys and I am the 2nd owner so my chances were good.
Who is the best company to buy original parts from?


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Point Loma Nazarene University alum and former All-American decathlete Jeff Hester has been awarded the prestigious 2013 Rolex Scholar of the Our World-Underwater Scholarship Society (OWUSS) for all of North America.
The Rolex Scholarship is awarded to just three young people in the world who are considering a career in an underwater-related discipline.
Each scholar recipient spends a year working alongside current leaders in underwater fields.
Hester conducted senior thesis research with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)/-Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) investigating heavy metal concentration in the long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis) and how it related to their health.
After graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in biology, he was hired by NOAA as a lab technician in a marine mammal genetics lab. He uses genetic techniques to study gray whale and beaked whale population structure.
Sea Lions close out three-meet homestand
The Point Loma men's and women's track and field teams had the opportunity to host three straight meets, the PLNU Open, the Ross & Sharon Irwin Scoring Meet and the PLNU Invitational, early in the 2013 outdoor schedule. Many Sea Lions put up outstanding performances, which ranked among the top 10 in Point Loma history.
This included Jonathan Tiggs and Jennifer Van Wey in the 100-meter and 200-meter dashes. Lindsay Honea also set a record, as she won the women's heptathlon at the PLNU Invitational. During the three weeks of home meets, PLNU hosted opponents from Navy, Nevada, Pennsylvania and Vermont. The PLNU women won the inaugural Ross & Sharon Irwin Scoring Meet with 428.5 points.
A quick look at Sea Lion baseball
The Sea Lions are now 14-17 on the season and remain in fifth place in the PacWest standings with an 11-9 record.
Tyler Nordgren leads the team with a .413 batting average. He is also pacing the Sea Lions with a .509 on-base percentage. Mike Marcoux (.326), Trey Hunt (.309) and Zach Allen (.305) are hitting over .300 for the Sea Lions. Allen leads the squad and is tied atop the PacWest with 12 stolen bases. He is also the team-leader with 21 runs batted in and six sacrifices. Clinton Harwick leads PLNU with 17 runs scored, and Bryan Burkhead paces the team with 42 total bases. As a team, PLNU leads the PacWest with 51 stolen bases, and is second with a.972 fielding percentage.
Senior pitcher Tyler Garkow leads the PacWest in innings pitched (63.0), games started (nine) and complete games (three). Justin Lawrence is second in the PacWest in both total strikeouts (54) and strikeouts per nine innings (9.47). Garret Levsen is tied for third in the league with four saves.


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Austria, Vienna Population Cards (FamilySearch Historical Records)
|This article describes a collection of historical records available at FamilySearch.org.
Access the records: Austria Vienna Population Cards .
|This Historical Records Collection article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.
Please review the wiki article guidelines to assist you in editing.
- 1 Title in the Language or the Record
- 2 Record Description
- 3 How to Use the Records
- 4 Related Websites
- 5 Related Wiki Articles
- 6 Known Issues for this Collection
- 7 Contributions to This Article
- 8 Citing FamilySearch Historical Collections
Title in the Language or the Record
Österreich, Wien, Meldezettel, 1850-1898
Record Description
The cards include name, birth date and place, marital status, old and new places of residence, dates of arrival and departure. Occasionally the name of spouse and children are listed. Most records range from 1890 to 1925. Many people from the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Eastern Europe passed through Vienna and are included on these cards. All the forms are in German and the majority of the names are in German. However, because Vienna was the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire some names are written in the languages of the Empire. The records were in a generally good state of preservation at the time that they were microfilmed from 1981-1995. This collection contains 3.8 million hand written entries recorded on pre-printed cards.
For a list of localities currently published in this collection, select the Browse link from the collection landing page.
The registration of Vienna residents began in the middle of the 15th century. The city was divided into 8 districts around 1850. Between 1850 and 1904 these 8 were subdivided and supplemented bringing the number of districts to 21. The Zentralmeldeamt (central registration office) was created in 1889 and associated with the Vienna police department. The cards cover most of the population of Vienna.
These cards represent residence registrations from 1890 until 1928, with most cards dating between 1910 and 1925. Although the registrations took place during this range, the birth dates recorded in the registrations can date back several previous decades.
The registration of Vienna residents began in the middle of the 15th century. The city was divided into 8 districts around 1850. Between 1850 and 1904 these 8 were subdivided and supplemented bringing the number of districts to 21. The Zentralmeldeamt (central registration office) was created in 1889 and associated with the Vienna police department. The cards cover most of the population of Vienna.
This type of registration informed the government of who was in the city of Vienna and where they resided within the city.
These are generally very reliable records, being information directly reported by residents about themselves and their families.
Citation for This Collection
The following citation refers to the original source of the data and images published on FamilySearch.org Historical Records. It may include the author, custodian, publisher, and archive for the original records.
- Wien (Niederosterreich) Meldeamt. Austria, Vienna population cards. Municipal and Provincial Archives of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
This publication is a cooperation with the Vienna City and Provincial Archives.
Information about creating source citations for FamilySearch Historical Collections is listed in the wiki article Help:How to Create Source Citations For FamilySearch Historical Records Collections.
Record Content
Vienna Population Cards contain the following genealogical facts:
- District and street address
- Name of the individual registering
- Occupation
- Place and country of birth
- Home town and home country
- Birth date, religion, and marital status
- Name(s) and age(s) of spouse and children
- Previous residence
- Date of the registration
- Date of departure
- Departure destination
How to Use the Records
Use the date and place of birth or marriage to locate christening or marriage records in church records.
Related Websites
This section of the article is incomplete. You can help FamilySearch Wiki by supplying links to related websites here.
Related Wiki Articles
Known Issues for this Collection
|Problems with this collection?
See a list of known issues, workarounds, tips, restrictions, future fixes, news and other helpful information.
For a full list of all known issues associated with this collection see the attached Wiki article. If you encounter additional problems, please email them to email@example.com. Please include the full path to the link and a description of the problem in your e-mail. Your assistance will help ensure that future reworks will be considered.
Contributions to This Article
| We welcome user additions to FamilySearch Historical Records wiki articles. We are looking for additional information that will help readers understand the topic and better use the available records. We also need translations for collection titles and images in articles about records written in languages other than English. For specific needs, please visit WikiProject FamilySearch Records.
Please follow these guidelines as you make changes. Thank you for any contributions you may provide.
Citing FamilySearch Historical Collections
When you copy information from the record, you should list where you found the information. This will help you or others to find th record again. It is also good to keep track of records where you do not find information, including the names of the people you looked for in the records.
A suggested format for keeping track of records that you have searched is found in the wiki article Help:How to Cite FamilySearch Collections.
Citation Example for Records Found in This Collection
"Austria, Vienna Population Cards, 1860-1895." dataabase and digital images, FamilySearch (https//familysearch.org: accessed March 17, 2011). Karl Austingel. 4 November 1881; citing Population Cards. FHL microilm 4,372,226; Stadt-und Landesarchiv Wien, Austria. This publication is a Cooperation with the Vienna City and Provincial Archives.


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Source - PRN
Blue Planet Investment Trust plc (LSE: BLP)
NAV and BID PRICE at 06 April 2018.
Blue Planet Investment Management Ltd announces that at close of business on 06 April 2018 the unaudited Net Asset Value (Cum-income) for the above trust was 49.58 pence per share. Investment values are calculated using BID prices.
The closing share price at BID on the London Stock Exchange on that date was 45.00 pence per share.
For more information, please visit www.blueplanet.eu
You can also contact the Company on 0845 527 7588 or by emailing [email protected]


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659 members13 Likes
Andy Knapp has not received any gifts yet
Hi Andy! I am a New York transplant, have been here about one year. I played college tennis (Div III) and am looking for a hitting partner on weekends who is 3.0 or higher. Do you mind male or female? I am female and live in NW Austin.
Hi, I'm Mark, the founder of Tennisopolis, the world's largest and most active tennis network. Please share Tennisopolis with your friends by supporting our Facebook page. Click here for a Guide to Meet Tennis Partners.
Have a look at our introduction page which will help you navigate the massive network which now has over 44,000 members and 650 local tennis groups.
Also, I recommend that you upload a profile pic; it can be of anything, but people with pics meet more players.
Friend me,
Mark, The Mayor of Tennisopolis
© 2018 Created by Mark / The Mayor. Powered by


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The Dec. 19, 2012 news release on EurekAlert about a study published by researchers at Aalto University (Finland) describes a project where virus particles are combined with nanoparticles to create new metamaterials,
Scientists from Aalto University, Finland, have succeeded in organising virus particles, protein cages and nanoparticles into crystalline materials. These nanomaterials studied by the Finnish research group are important for applications in sensing, optics, electronics and drug delivery.
… biohybrid superlattices of nanoparticles and proteins would allow the best features of both particle types to be combined. They would comprise the versatility of synthetic nanoparticles and the highly controlled assembly properties of biomolecules.
The gold nanoparticles and viruses adopt a special kind of crystal structure. It does not correspond to any known atomic or molecular crystal structure and it has previously not been observed with nano-sized particles.
Virus particles – the old foes of mankind – can do much more than infect living organisms. Evolution has rendered them with the capability of highly controlled self-assembly properties. Ultimately, by utilising their building blocks we can bring multiple functions to hybrid materials that consist of both living and synthetic matter, Kostiainen [Mauri A. Kostiainen, postdoctoral researcher] trusts.
The article which has been published in Nature Nanotechnology is free,
Electrostatic assembly of binary nanoparticle superlattices using protein cages by Mauri A. Kostiainen, Panu Hiekkataipale, Ari Laiho, Vincent Lemieux, Jani Seitsonen, Janne Ruokolainen & Pierpaolo Ceci in Nature Nanotechnology (2012) doi:10.1038/nnano.2012.220 Published online 16 December 2012
There's a video demonstrating the assembly,
From the YouTube page, here's a description of what the video is demonstrating,
Aalto University-led research group shows that CCMV virus or ferritin protein cages can be used to guide the assembly of RNA molecules or iron oxide nanoparticles into three-dimensional binary superlattices. The lattices are formed through tuneable electrostatic interactions with charged gold nanoparticles.
Bravo and thank you to Kostiainen who seems to have written the news release and prepared all of the additional materials (image and video). There are university press offices that could take lessons from Kostiainen's efforts to communicate about the work.


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Big Changes Coming to MLB's Use of Instant Replay
View Single Post
WSI Church Elder
Join Date: Dec 2004
Location: East Chicago, IN.
Posts: 4,859
Originally Posted by
The entertainment I'm paying for is to see two teams of some of the best baseball players in the world play the game that I love. I'm there to see Chris Sale pitch, Adam Dunn crush a 500-foot homer, etc., I'm not there to see Joe West call balls and strikes or Angel Hernandez ump over at 1st base. Their job is to stay hidden as much as possible and to get the calls right so the game has some semblance of of legitimacy.
I agree that this system is pretty silly, but I don't see why anyone would actively want the league to ignore technological advancements that would make the sport better.
I completely agree that you're there to see the players, and not notice the umps.
I understand that the technology of gloves, shoes, etc. for the players has advanced, but I'm perfectly okay with the umpire's eyes and reflexes being the primary tools of his trade. I know I probably come off as a Luddite to some, and who knows what to others.
I remember the Don Majkowski play quite well. The ref blew the call. As a fan, life goes on. I was only an observer to the event, I was hardly involved.
I guess if the players, owners, and umpires want the replay, they'll get it. They're the ones involved in the events.
Your 2016 Sox, better than the 2015 Hitless Blunders.
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See Barchart of Posts by eastchicagosoxfan


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I've got a mousepad for everyone.
These designs are made from photographs of handmade letters, which change color at random. The name Cameron is reflected in still water, with floating foil hexagons. The letters look as if they're carved from crackled ice or crystal. If you can't find a name you want, please get in touch, and I'll put it on my list. Please see NamesInLights.co.uk for larger examples of the standard of photography on these products.
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FEBRUARY IS CREATIVE ROMANCE MONTH February is being Creative Romance Month and many of you may feel like that is a lot of pressure! Don't worry though because we've put together a list of romantic, yet creative ideas to make the month of February full of romance. Krenek Printing NEIGHBORHOOD NEWSLETTERS www.krenekprinting.com 281-463-8649 RESIDENTS: Please support the businesses within this newsletter. It is because of their support that you receive this paper at no charge to you or your HOA. Share your community news with us. Non-profit, scouts, school, dated events, etc. send to firstname.lastname@example.com ADVERTISERS: Want your ad to be placed in this newsletter and mailed to the homeowners every month? For more information, pricing or to view newsletters online please visit www.krenekprinting.com or email firstname.lastname@example.com BUSINESS FINDER: Search for businesses in your local area and find great deals on the goods and services you are looking for! LLC Go On A Surprise Trip. What better way to spend time together than by going on a surprise trip? Instead of just telling your partner that you planned a getaway, make them work to figure out what their Valentine's present is. Write the name of the destination on a piece of paper and cut it up into pieces that they have to put together. If you want to really build up the anticipation, you can always give them one piece of the puzzle a day leading up to Valentine's Day. Kidnap Them For A Day. If your partner is into fun gags, put a blindfold on him or her and drive them to your chosen destination before you take the blindfold off. It can be something as simple as a romantic dinner to their favorite restaurant or a visit to their favorite museum. Tell them little clues along the way to see if they can actually guess where they are going. Act Like A Tourist. Just because you have lived in a city for a while it doesn't mean that you've visited everywhere there is to go. For Valentine's Day, do a little bit of research about restaurants or attractions that you and your partner have never been to before. Then on Valentine's Day, act like tourists at the place you end up going too. Don't just rush through the experience. Really soak it all in, spend a lot of time there and just have a good time overall. Can't Get Away For A Few Days? Book A Hotel Room. If you and your partner want to go on a vacation, but don't have the time, consider booking a really nice hotel room for 1-2 nights. Even though you won't actually be leaving your city, it might feel like it if you choose the right hotel. Not only should the hotel you choose have plenty of activities and amenities, but it should be in a location that will allow you to easily enjoy restaurants and shops within walking distance. Share The Romance. If you and your partner are the kind of couple that likes to outdo one another, consider trading off. On even days you could plan romantic activities and on odd days it's your partner's turn. This can last for only a few days, a week or the entire month of February! If you really want to wow them consider going on a day cruise on your day or going camping for the night. Source: www.blog.atlastravelweb.com NEWSLETTERS: View your newsletter online! You can read your community news on our website or download it to take with you and print. Archived issues are also available. MOBILE: You now have access to our full website optimized for your mobile device, making it even easier to find the things you need on the go! MORE: Find information about advertising opportunities, article submissions, our company, frequently asked questions, and submit your classified ads online. NOW OFFERING FULL COLOR PRINTING SERVICES! Call today for a quote! 10 February 2018 | Community Newsletter
Engagement Stories featuring your neighbors! Chelsea & William What was supposed to be a family vacation to Las Vegas/the Grand Canyon the week before Thanksgiving, ended up turning into the most picture perfect proposal. The morning we were supposed to leave for the Grand Canyon, I wasn't feeling well, and said I would stay back. However, William was very insistent that I come. I took some medicine, got ready really quickly, and we hopped into the car for our grand excursion. When we got to the Grand Canyon, it was freezing outside (to Texans of course!) and there was even some snow on the ground. It looked so magical (especially considering I have only seen snow a couple of times)! As I was getting out of the car, I noticed that one of my fake nails had fallen off (I had gotten my nails done the week prior) ON MY LEFT HAND! William's mother had asked, "what hand did the nail fall off from?", which I thought was a funny question to ask. When we got to the Grand Canyon, we stopped to take pictures (and get me a jacket because I did NOT plan for freezing weather). During one picture, William had bent down to sit for the picture, but in my head I was thinking "THIS IS IT! THERE IS WHERE WE GET EN- GAGED!" My heart started racing and I was so excited. But....all that was said was, "Chelsea, sit down so we can take the picture." I was slightly disappointed, but I wouldn't let it ruin my time. We went to go grab a bite to eat, and William and his family were asking when sunset was so we could go to one final stop: Yavapai Point. By the time we got there, I was freezing and felt like my hands and legs were going numb and was apprehensive to take more pictures. Then, in the most perfect spot, right as we were posing for a picture, William got down on one knee and showed me the most beautiful ring that he picked out himself. I didn't even let him talk I was so in shock that I just went in for a giant hug. When his family asked what I said, I responded with, "oh he never asked!" He officially asked, I said "YES!!!!!!!", and the rest of our "grand" love story is history! Lisa & Matt My wife and I met on a blind date – we were immediately attracted to each other. Later, when the time came, I wanted to have the perfect way to propose to her, so I conspired with my mother to create the 'perfect day'. First, my sister, Rachel, took a picture of me at our favorite place – Castlewood State Park outside of St. Louis, Missouri. From this picture, a wooden jigsaw puzzle was created – the largest piece in the center being a sign with my special message… 'Lisa, Will You Marry Me?'. The remaining pieces of the puzzle were randomly divided into handmade velvet bags that each had a handwritten calligraphy poem on them created by me describing a new location for the 'Treasure Hunt'. Each location has some significance since it was a place where we had experienced something special together. At the last location, I presented her with the final piece and the diamond ring. My wife is a very special person who has given me so much…I love her. Community Newsletter | February 2018 Violet & TJ "They" say that after a storm, comes a rainbow....it turns out that "they" are correct. I met my fiancé, TJ, about 20 years ago. Nothing became of it, except seeing the familiar face from time to time throughout the years. On July 15, I ran into the familiar face, yet once again. Except this time, it was God's timing and we were engaged on September 16. He is the biggest teddy bear with the kindest soul. He is the happily ever after that me & daughters needed for so long.... We will say "I do" on 2/11/18. 11


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Effectiveness of Interactive Virtual Environment Games in Reducing Risky Sexual Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (The SOLVE-IT Study) (SOLVE-IT)
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00653991
Recruitment Status : Unknown
Verified March 2009 by National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).
Recruitment status was: Not yet recruiting
First Posted : April 7, 2008
Last Update Posted : March 11, 2009
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- Results Submitted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
|Condition or disease
|HIV Infections
|Behavioral: Socially Optimized Learning in a Virtual Environment (SOLVE)-IT
|Not Applicable
HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a major public health concern worldwide. Although prevalent across all groups of people, HIV/STDs have had a remarkable effect on men who have sex with men (MSM), who accounted for 71% of all HIV infections among American males in 2005. After years of decline, the number of HIV diagnoses appears to have increased for MSM, especially within the black MSM population. Thus, new approaches geared for HIV prevention and education and built on past HIV prevention methods are needed. New technologies, such as interactive computer games, delivered in a modern and appealing manner may gain or recapture the attention of MSM who have disregarded more traditional HIV prevention and educational services. Socially Optimized Learning in a Virtual Environment (SOLVE)-IT is an interactive virtual environment computer game, designed specifically for MSMs, that simulates the emotional, interpersonal, and contextual narrative of an actual sexual encounter and provides challenging decision-making opportunities. By promoting development of self-regulatory and behavioral skills, SOLVE-IT may be an effective approach to reduce sexual risk behaviors. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of SOLVE-IT in reducing risky sexual behaviors among MSM.
Participation in this study will last 6 months from the beginning of treatment. All participants will first undergo baseline assessments that will include questionnaires about sexual behavior, drug use, health history, feelings, and beliefs. Participants will then be assigned randomly to receive SOLVE-IT immediately or after a 6-month waitlist period. SOLVE-IT will include two 1-hour sessions conducted on a computer over the Internet, occurring at baseline and 6 months later. During sessions, participants will play an interactive computer game that presents dating or sexual scenarios and allows participants to choose how the scenarios unfold. Participants will repeat baseline questionnaires at Months 3 and 6 of follow-up. Participants in the waitlist group will be offered to receive SOLVE-IT after completion of the Month 6 follow-up.
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Estimated Enrollment :
|4000 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Parallel Assignment
|None (Open Label)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|SOLVE IT: Real Risk Reduction for MSM
|Study Start Date :
|October 2010
|Estimated Primary Completion Date :
|December 2012
|Estimated Study Completion Date :
|December 2012
Experimental: SOLVE-IT
Participants will receive SOLVE-IT.
Behavioral: Socially Optimized Learning in a Virtual Environment (SOLVE)-IT
SOLVE-IT, a video game using computer-generated virtual agents, is the next generation of interactive media aimed at reducing risky sex among young MSM. Participants will interact in a virtual environment that focuses upon HIV prevention in a dating context.
Active Comparator: Waitlist Control
Participants will receive SOLVE-IT after a 6-month waitlist period.
Behavioral: Socially Optimized Learning in a Virtual Environment (SOLVE)-IT
SOLVE-IT, a video game using computer-generated virtual agents, is the next generation of interactive media aimed at reducing risky sex among young MSM. Participants will interact in a virtual environment that focuses upon HIV prevention in a dating context.
- Instances of unprotected sex [ Time Frame: Measured at baseline and Months 3 and 6 of follow-up ]
- Affect [ Time Frame: Measured at baseline and Months 3 and 6 of follow-up ]
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 24 Years (Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Self-identifies as Latino, black, or Caucasian
- Men who have sex with men
- Not HIV infected
- Engaged in unprotected anal sex at least twice in the 90 days before study entry with a nonprimary male partner
- Has broadband access during course of study
- Lives in United States
- Biological male
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of nonprescription drug injection use
- Has participated in SOLVE-IT at any phase
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00653991
|Contact: Paul R. Appleby, MA, PhD
|United States, California
|University of Southern California (University Village)
|Not yet recruiting
|Los Angeles, California, United States, 90007
|Principal Investigator:
|Lynn C. Miller, PhD
|University of Southern California
|Responsible Party:
|Lynn Carol Miller, PhD, Professor, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00653991 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
R01MH082671 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
|First Posted:
|April 7, 2008 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|March 11, 2009
|Last Verified:
|March 2009
Keywords provided by National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH):
HIV/AIDS Prevention
Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM)
Risky Sexual Behavior
Socially Optimized Learning in a Virtual Environment (SOLVE)
HIV Seronegativity
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
HIV Infections
Lentivirus Infections
Retroviridae Infections
RNA Virus Infections
Virus Diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Immune System Diseases


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Prayer Center
"PRAY FOR EACH OTHER SO THAT YOU MAY BE HEALED. THE EARNEST PRAYER OF A RIGHTEOUS PERSON HAS GREAT POWER AND PRODUCES WONDERFUL RESULTS."-James 5:16
The Prayer Center is a place where you can share a need and receive prayer from the WCIC Community. You can also pray for others. If you do, be sure you click the "Pray For" button so the person knows you prayed for them. You can even send your prayer or a word of encouragement through a comment.
If you have a prayer request to share on the Prayer Center, you can share it here.


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Stories by Casandra [13] Series by Casandra [0] Reviews by Casandra [0] Challenges by Casandra [0] Favorite Series [0] Casandra's Favorites [0]
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|The authors own nothing. Joss, UPN, WB, etc. own Buffy, the show, the characters, the places, and the backstory. The authors own any original plots.


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