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Bhupen Hazarika (1926–2011) was an Indian lyricist, musician, singer, poet and film-maker from Assam. His songs, written and sung mainly in the Assamese language by himself, are marked by humanity and universal brotherhood and have been translated and sung in many languages, most notably in Bengali and Hindi. His songs, based on the themes of communal amity, universal justice and empathy, have become popular among the people of Assam, besides West Bengal and Bangladesh.
He is also acknowledged to have introduced the culture and folk music of Assam and Northeast India to Hindi cinema at the national level. He received the National Film Award for Best Music Direction in 1975. Recipient of Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1987), Padmashri (1997), and Padmabhushan (2001), Hazarika was awarded with Dada Saheb Phalke Award (1992), India's highest award in cinema, by the Government of India and Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship (2008), the highest award of the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's The National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama.
He was posthumously awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award, in 2012. Hazarika also held the position of the Chairman of the Sangeet Natak Akademi from December 1998 to December 2003.
Hazarika was born on 8 September 1926 to Nilakanta and Shantipriya Hazarika in Sadiya ( শদিয়া ), Assam. His father was originally from Nazira, a town located in Sivasagar district. The eldest of ten children, Bhupen Hazarika (as also his siblings) was exposed to the musical influence of his mother, who exposed him to lullabies and traditional Music of Assam.
His father moved to the Bharalumukh region of Guwahati in 1929, in search of better prospects, where Bhupen Hazarika spent his early childhood. In 1932 his father further moved to Dhubri, and in 1935 to Tezpur. It was in Tezpur that Bhupen Hazarika, then 10 years of age, was discovered by Jyotiprasad Agarwala, the noted Assamese lyricist, playwright and the first Assames Filmmaker and Bishnu Prasad Rabha, renowned Assamese artist and revolutionary poet, where he sang a Borgeet (the traditional classical Assamese devotional songs written by Srimanta Sankardeva and Sri Sri Madhabdeva), taught by his mother at a public function. In 1936, Bhupen Hazarika accompanied them to Kolkata where he recorded his first song at the Aurora Studio for the Selona Company. His association with the icons of Assamese Culture at Tezpur was the beginning of his artistic growth and credentials. Subsequently, Hazarika sang two songs in Agarwala's film Indramalati (1939): Kaxote Kolosi Loi and Biswo Bijoyi Naujawan at the age of 12. He wrote his first song, Agnijugor Firingoti Moi at the age of 13 and he was well on his way to becoming a lyricist, composer and singer.
He studied at Sonaram High School at Guwahati, Dhubri Government High School and matriculated from Tezpur High School in 1940. He completed his Intermediate Arts from Cotton College in 1942, and his BA (1944) and MA (1946) in Political Science from Banaras Hindu University. For a brief period he worked at All India Radio, Guwahati when he won a scholarship from Columbia University and set sail for New York in 1949. There he earned a PhD (1952) on his thesis "Proposals for Preparing India's Basic Education to use Audio-Visual Techniques in Adult Education".
In New York Bhupen Hazarika befriended Paul Robeson, a prominent civil rights activist, who influenced him in his song Bistirno parore which is based on the imagery and theme of Robeson's Ol' Man River. This song is translated in various Indian languages, including Bengali and Hindi and sung by the artist himself, and is still popular. Being inspired from some other foreign ones, he also composed several other songs in Indian languages. He was exposed to the Spiritual, and the multi-lingual version of We are in the Same Boat Brother became a regular feature in his stage performance. At Columbia University, he met Priyamvada Patel, whom he married in 1950. Tez Hazarika, their only child, was born in 1952 and he returned to India in 1953.
His famous songs include (in Assamese):
Bistirno Parore
Moi Eti Jajabor
Ganga Mor Maa
Bimurto Mur Nixati Jen
Manuhe Manuhor Babey
Snehe Aamar Xoto Shrabonor
Gupute Gupute Kimaan Khelim
Buku Hom Hom Kore.
Hazarika began close association with the leftist Indian People's Theatre Association soon after returning from the USA in 1953 and became the Secretary of the Reception Committee of the Third All Assam Conference of IPTA, held in Guwahati in 1955.
After completing his MA he briefly worked at the All India Radio station at Guwahati before embarking for his doctoral studies at Columbia University. His thesis "DEMYSTIFYING DR. BHUPEN HAZARIKA: envisioning education for India", edited by Tej Hazarika and published by Cool Grove Press will be available in the US in days.
Soon after completing his education, he became a teacher at the Gauhati University. But after a few years, he left the job and went to Kolkata where he established himself as a successful music director and singer. During that period, Hazarika made several award winning Assamese films such as Shakuntala, Pratidhwani, etc. and composed evergreen music for many Assamese films. He was also considered as a new trend setter in Bengali music. The famous musical genre of West Bengal, the Jivanmukhi geet started by Kabir Suman in 1990's is thought to be influenced by Dr. Hazarika. Bhupen Hazarika composed music for films from Bangladesh too which got international acclaim.
He was elected the President of the Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1993. In 1967, Dr. Hazarika got elected as a member of Assam Assembly from Nauboicha constituency.
He was introduced to Kalpana Lajmi in the early 1970s by her maternal uncle and Bollywood film director Guru Dutt. Her first feature film Ek Pal with music score by Dr Bhupen Hazarika was produced by Dr Hazarika's childhood friend and India's top tea planter Hemendra Prasad Barooah, (' at the Internet Movie Database) (1986). Subsequently, Lajmi began assisting him professionally and personally till the end of his life.
In the period after the release of Ek Pal (1986) until his death, Bhupen Hazarika mainly concentrated on Hindi films, most of which were directed by Kalpana Lajmi. Ek Pal (1986), Rudaali (1993) and Daman: A Victim of Marital Violence (2001) are major films this period. Many of his earlier songs were re-written in Hindi and used as played-back songs in these films. These songs tried to cater to the Hindi film milieu and their social activist lyrics were browbeaten into the lowest common denominator.
He served as an MLA (Independent) during 1967-72 in the Assam Legislative Assembly from Nauboicha Constituency.
He contested as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate in the 2004 Lok Sabha elections from the Guwahati constituency, persuaded by Chandan Mitra via Kalpana Lajmi which he lost to the INC candidate Kirip Chaliha.
Hazarika was hospitalized in the Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute in Mumbai in 2011. He was admitted to the intensive care unit on 30 June 2011. He died of multi-organ failure on 5 November 2011. His body lay in state at Judges Field in Guwahati and cremated on 9 November 2011 near the Brahmaputra river in a plot of land donated by Gauhati University. His funeral was attended by an estimated half a million people.
As a singer, Hazarika was known for his baritone voice and diction; as a lyricist, he was known for poetic compositions and parables which touched on themes ranging from romance to social and political commentary; and as a composer, for his use of folk music. In a poll conducted in Bangladesh, his song, Manush Manusher Jonno (Humans are for humanity)' was chosen to be the second most favourite number after the National anthem of Bangladesh. Some of his most famous compositions were adaptations of American Black Spiritual that he had learned from Paul Robeson, whom he had befriended during his years in New York City in the early 1950s. His famous song "Bistirno Parore" is heavily influenced by Ol' Man River sung by Paul Robeson.
During his lifetime, a full length docu-feature biopic film on his life titled Moi Eti Zazabor('I am a Wanderer') jointly directed by Late Waesqurni Bora and Arnab Jan Deka was launched in 1986 at his Nizarapar residence in Guwahati city. Music for this biopic film has been scored by 5-time International Best Music Awards winner only Assamese musician, songwriter, composer and singer Jim Ankan Deka, who also worked as Chief Assistant Director of this film.
During the next two decades, the joint directors Late Bora and Deka shot him live for the film during his various public performances all over India, as well as many private moments in his domestic and social life. Arnab Jan Deka also extensively interviewed him regarding his life and its creative aspects for the film, which had been recorded during their joint travel to different metropolises and remote corners of Assam and rest of India. The film has been under production since 1986 with film negative footage of more than 16 hours currently preserved in different film laboratories in Bombay(Mumbai), Calcutta(Kolkata) and Madras(Chennai).
The film was targeted for public release during the lifetime of Dr Bhupen Hazarika in 2008. But, the production was halted after sudden demise of one of the Co-Directors Waesqurni Bora in November 2008. Eventually, after the death of Dr Hazarika, the film's subject, the surviving Co-Director Arnab Jan Deka is currently carrying out necessary works to finish the film at the earliest and release for public consumption in several language versions including English, Assamese, Bengali and Hindi, with support from Late Waesqurni Bora's widowed wife Nazma Begum and Dr Hazarika's bereaved family members including his wife Priyam Hazarika and Tej Hazarika. Meanwhile, two books describing the unforgettable experiences of the making of this milestone biopic film had been authored by its co-director Arnab Jan Deka titled Anya Ek Zazabor and Mor Sinaki Bhupenda, first of which had been officially released in February 1993 by Late G P Sippy, then President of Film Federation of India and producer of world-record holder Hindi film Sholay at a public function organised by Dr Bhupen Hazarika himself.


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Russia plays 'big brother' to German cybercrime, report claims
German cybercriminals likely collaborate with Russian underground market
Russian's underground market is a "well-functioning assembly line" that plays "big brother" to German cybercriminals, according to a report by vendor Trend Micro. Among underground market staples such...
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CIOs risk being blindsided by digital disruption
Gartner lists top seven disruptions where organisations should be on the lookout
Four things we learned from Atea's Q3 results
Atea bore the consequences of a bribery scandal in Q3 that has crippled its Danish business for the last four years. We delve into its quarterly numbers
Foreign markets drive Proact to double digit profit leap
New CEO says the Stockholm-based integrator's revenue and profits growth are being driven primarily by its non-native markets
Infinigate acquires German VAD acmeo
Buyout adds a 90-strong managed services team to Infinigate's core DACH business
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subset: commoncrawl


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Tuesday, December 13, 2016
Study Finds Ad Fraud in More Than Half of Uncertified Apps
Ad fraud appears in more than half (52%) of uncertified apps and in nearly one-tenth (8%) of certified app traffic, according to a new white paper, "Advertising Fraud in Mobile Apps," released on Monday by Sizmek.
Inc. Magazine Celebrates a Most Profitable Year
Richard Horgan writes "At Inc. magazine's annual town hall meeting earlier this month, there was much for employees to cheer. Website traffic measured by comScore is up 110% from two years ago; the print audience tabulated by IPSOS has increased 9.1% since 2015; and much of the digital traffic growth has come from Europe, without regionally targeted advertising or content tailored for that readership. All told, 2016 will be the publication's most profitable year since it was purchased in 2005 by Morningstar billionaire-entrepreneur Joe Mansueto."
WIRED Responds to "Uncertain Times" with First Fiction Issue in January
The January fiction issue touches on the extreme scenarios of where certain technologies and innovations may lead society: "One of this publication's most important jobs is to see the big trends, spot important business models and chronicle landmark innovations that show us where we're going," Editor in chief Scott Dadich said.
TEN Rebrands In-House Agency "StudioTEN"
TEN: The Enthusiast Network, which publishes Motor Trend among other titles, has rebranded its in-house content and production agency, in conjunction with a new executive hire to lead the division. The news comes not long after a big expansion at the company's events division.
Q&A with Food Network Magazine's Vicki Wellington and Maile Carpenter: Seven Years Strong & Growing Exponentially
"If you just look at our sheer circulation numbers, we've grown every single year. So, again, to all of the naysayers, just for a minute take a look at all of our rate base examples; all of our circulation; look at our sub file and our renewals. I mean, everything has grown positively." Vicki Wellington, Vice president, publisher and chief revenue officer.
Joanna Coles and Cecile Richards Discuss Trump at Hearst Power Lunch
Media, fashion and entertainment power players came out to the Hearst 100 lunch at Michael's: The occasion was the Hearst 100 luncheon, which was formerly known as the Cosmo 100, and guests included Diane von Furstenburg, Arianna Huffington, Christine Quinn, Tina Brown, Diane Sawyer, Gretchen Carlson, Gayle King, Norah O'Donnell, Peggy Siegal, Tammy Haddad, Aerin Lauder and A+E chief executive Nancy Dubuc, among others.
Rising Stars: Ruthie Friedlander Turns Her Fashionable Experience into Views
For Ruthie Friedlander, site director at InStyle.com, photos of Kate Moss and Christy Turlington were, from a very early age, as important as researching trends, learning reading about up-and-coming actresses, and learning about designers. "I became totally addicted to fashion," she says.
Exclusive: Bloomberg Poaches Star Business Writer Joe Nocera from New York Times
Mike Bloomberg personally intervenes to hire biz legend who'd been exiled to sports: "Joe will have a hand in redesigning the magazine, and he will work with (Exceutive editor David) Shipley."
Bill Kristol to Step Down at Weekly Standard
William Kristol, the founding editor of The Weekly Standard, a leading neoconservative voice for more than two decades, is stepping down and will become editor-at-large.
Mark Ford Stepping Down as Time Inc. CRO
Mark Ford is stepping down as Time Inc.'s executive vp and chief revenue officer. He will assume a new role as executive vp, senior strategic sales advisor, reporting to CEO Rich Battista.
InStyle's Ali Pew Profiled
Ali Pew, Senior Style Editor at InStyle runs down her favorite restaurants, night spots, brunch spots, -even an ice cream joint she can't do without.
Quartz Adds 3
Quartz has hired April Siese, Arielle Ray and Abdi Latif Dahir. Siese, most recently The Daily Dot's weekend editor, joins as an app writer...
MPA Magazine Media Spotlight: Meet the Winners of Marie Claire's First-Ever Young Women's Honors
Brooke Hauser writes"Build a single-engine airplane at 14. Win an Olympic medal in a sport you took up a mere 12 months earlier. Write a bill that sails through Congress. These are just a few remarkable achievements by the women we will recognize, in partnership with Gina Rodriguez, in our Young Women's Honors event airing on The CW on December 19. It is our first awards ceremony celebrating inspirational women of grit, grace, and greatness, but given just how many women out there are daring to dream and then making things happen, it certainly won't be our last. Here, the class of 2016."
10 Magazine Launches E-commerce with a Personal Twist
The site features items and shops hand-picked by the editor: Neophitou Apostolou, who founded the indie fashion magazine in 2001, said the site was a long-held dream and that the products reflect her taste.
The Year in Creativity: 20 Trends That Drove Some of 2016's Best Marketing
Why Top Publishers Are Still Stuck Distributing Fake News
Donald Trump Boosts Mad Magazine Sales, Clicks
Study: Global Execs Favor Sponsored Content, News from Email Newsletters
Good Political Journalism Critical to Sustaining a Free Press
MPA–The Association of Magazine Media has released its 2016/17 Magazine Media Factbook today, the definitive source of magazine media research. Since 1985, MPA has been compiling and packaging the most compelling and comprehensive facts and figures around magazine media. Derived from third-party sources and MPA's own research and data collection, the new Factbook has nearly 100 pages of current and useful information. "Nothing informs a discussion better than solid data," said MPA's President and Chief Executive Officer Linda Thomas Brooks, "and the 2016/17 Magazine Media Factbook has plenty of conversation starters. The research continues to show that magazine media is the most trusted, inspiring and influential of all media, and several new studies provide even more proof of magazine media's unique ability to drive sales."
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Brooke Hauser writes"Build a single-engine airplane at 14. Win an Olympic medal in a sport you took up a mere 12 months earlier. Write a bill that sails through Congress. These are just a few remarkable achievements by the women we will recognize, in partnership with Gina Rodriguez, in our Young Women's Honors event airing on The CW on December 19. It is our first awards ceremony celebrating inspirational women of grit, grace, and greatness, but given just how many women out there are daring to dream and then making things happen, it certainly won't be our last. Here, the class of 2016."


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Oleg Bezuglov, violin and viola, (ext. 211). Oleg is a graduate of the Rostov State Conservatory (Russia) with a master's degree in violin performance and a doctorate degree in chamber music performance. He is currently completing a D.M.A. in violin performance at Michigan State University where he studies with Professor Dmitri Berlinsky.
Dr. Bezuglov is the Associate Concertmaster of the Battle Creek Symphony, Assistant Principal Second of the Midland Symphony, as well as the core member of the Flint, Kalamazoo, Traverse City, and West Michigan Symphony Orchestras.
In 2010 Dr. Bezuglov was instated as the Honored worker of the Russian Music Society. He is a co-founder and a regular member of several professional chamber group, including the Michigan State String Quartet, the ION Piano Trio, and the Class&Jazz Instrumental Duo. In collaboration with the pianist Natalia Bezuglova and Class&Jazz Duo, Oleg has recorded two CD-albums. The most recent recording with Beethoven and Shostakovich's sonatas for violin and piano was produced in September 2013. It was highly appraised by Phoenix Classical for "excellent performance - very expressive and emotive - precise intonation and technique - great balance with the piano - deeply poetic playing". Class&Jazz Duo gained significant successes at International Competitions and Festivals worldwide.
Dr. Bezuglov was featured as a guest performer of the Tansman Festival in Poland; Brahms Festival and Salzburg Festival in Austria; Europäischen Musikfest Stuttgart and Rheingau Music Festival in Germany; Lucerne Festival in Switzerland; the Chamber Music Festival "Odessa Dialogues" in Ukraine; the Festival of Contemporary Music "Rostov Premieres" in Russia; and the Cello Plus Music Festival in US. He is also the founder of the Classical Music Festival "Christmas Premieres" in his native city of Rostov-on-Don in Russia.
As a founding member of the Class&Jazz Duo Oleg is the First Prize winner of the International Shostakovich Chamber Music Competition in Moscow, Russia and the Third Prize winner of the International Chamber Music Ensemble Competition in Boston, MA. Dr. Bezuglov is also a winner of the Yudina International Chamber Music Competition in St. Petersburg, Russia; as well as the MSU College of Music's Honors Concerto Competition in United States. In 2013 he received the Highly Commended Award as the finalist of The World Competition in Southbank, VIC, Australia.
Throughout his career Oleg was a recipient of several scholarships including Russian Performing Art foundation, Alexander Glazunov Foundation in Germany, Johannes Brahms's Society in Austria, as well as the Johnson Coleman and Spenser & Eleanor Maurer Foundations in United States.
Mr. Bezuglov performed in various groups and as a soloist in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Poland, United States, and Russia and collaborated with such renowned artists as violinists Gregory Maytan, Dmitri Berlinsky, and Ruggiero Allifranchini, cellists Suren Bagratuni and Pablo Mahave-Veglia, flutist Richard Sherman, pianists Edisher Savitski and Iskander Zarikov, among many others.


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Home Tags Networking for lawyers
Tag: networking for lawyers
My Biggest Career Fear: I am an Accidental Lawyer and I don't Want to Die in this Accident (+ Networking Fears and Advice)
Apparently, networking plays a very important role in law. You make contacts, become friends with your seniors, become friends with your co interns and later use these contacts in getting a job. So, what about a person like me who doesn't believe in the concept of networking? Who finds this concept absolutely shallow? If you wanna get a job, why not get it on your "own" merit rather than using "jugaad"?


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Danny Smith was the Portsmouth Men's Winter League's form player – losing just one game throughout the season to take the top-flight's aggregate prize.
His Admiral Drake B team-mate Gary Collis claimed the highest finish with a maximum 170 check-out.
Meanwhile, the fastest legs came from Steve Filby, of Jolly Taxpayer C, and Sam Palmer, of Shearer Arms, who both fired in 12-darters.
Neil Hallett, of Druids Arms A, was the most consistent performer in division B as he only lost two games.
Hallett also threw the joint-quickest game – with his 17-dart leg equalling the exploits of team-mate Brett Smith and Lord Chichester A's Pete Curtis.
Artillery Arms' Derek Manchip notched a 157 game-shot which no-one in the second-tier could better.
George & Dragon may have finished in the bottom half of division C but their was individual success for Shane Plummer, who took the aggregate, quickest game and top finish prizes.
Plummer shared the aggregate with Froddington Arms duo Mark Donnelly and Luke Graf, each with three losses.
A 17-dart leg saw him match the efforts Oyster House A's Lee Lamkin, Dave Lock, of Froddington Arms, and Portland Arms' Rob Griffin.
And a 130 finish ensured Plummer was outright winner of the best check-out.
Eldon Arms' Michael Chandler had a personal double in division D.
Just two losses for the season meant he shared the aggregate prize with Red White & Blue's Steve Fell, while a 16-darter was the fastest leg.
The highest finish was claimed by another Eldon player, Kevin Oliver, with a 128 game-shot.
n The Portsmouth Men's League is looking for people to join its committee.
For more information, contact Paul Taylor at the Rose in June.
n Newcome Arms B need new players. Anyone interested should contact Ron Neale on (023) 9283 8434 or 07795 380393.
n Hampshire's flagship darts tournament is returning to Portsmouth and for the first time will have a ladies' competition running in tandem.
It is 30 years since the Hampshire Open was contested in the city and it makes its comeback on Saturday, June 11 at The Pyramids Centre.
A guaranteed first prize of £1,000 is part of a £2,600 prize pot for the men's event – thanks to sponsorship from LA Kattenhorn & Partners. The ladies' event will see £500 going to the winner with a £1,000 total prize fund.
The winners will also qualify for the Winmau World Masters Great Britain Finals and the Lakeside World Professional International Play-offs.
Entry is £10 for men and £7 for ladies and you must be aged 13 or older.
Doors open at 10am with play starting at 11.30am.
Log on to hampshiredarts.org.uk, email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 07901 650807 for details.


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Louisiana High School Athletic Association vice president David Federico made it clear Friday's meeting of select school administrators and coaches was as much about options as it was about opposition to proposals that would split the association into separate playoffs.
"It's more about what if, and what position we should take," said Federico, an Ecole Classique principal and coach. "I don't think we should go into this saying, 'If this passes we should withdraw from the association.' That's not what we're here about.
"I also think there is a lot of confusion about the proposals. And we hope to clear some of that up."
Federico and LHSAA Executive Director Kenny Henderson addressed the group of more than 60 in attendance at Episcopal. Though most of those in attendance were from south Louisiana, representatives from Cedar Creek-Ruston and Evangel Christian-Shreveport also attended.
With the LHSAA's annual convention set to start Wednesday at Crowne Plaza in Baton Rouge, the group discussed the two proposals — one that would divide the association into separate playoffs for select and nonselect divisions in major team sports starting in 2015-16, and a proposal for separate playoffs for football only starting this fall.
"There are a lot of unknowns, especially with Mr. (Marlin) Ramsey's proposal," Henderson said. "There are some things the executive committee will have to step in and do immediately if Dr. (Jane) Griffin's proposal passes.
"There are some questions you need to ask."
Federico and other speakers, including Episcopal Athletic Director Myra Mansur, stressed the importance of reaching out to other select schools in each area to make sure they plan to attend the convention that ends Friday with a possible vote on the select/nonselect proposals and other agenda items.
Under the team sports proposal by former South Beauregard Principal Ramsey and the football proposal from a group of principals led by Winnfield Principal Jane Griffin, select and nonselect schools would play together in districts and would then branch off to separate playoffs.
By definition in both plans, a nonselect school is a traditional public school with a set attendance zone. Select schools are private or public schools whose admission policies allow them to select which students attend their schools.
The LHSAA's 90 private schools, 19 charter, eight full magnet schools and eight lab schools fall into the select school category, along with 21 dual-curriculum schools with magnet components. Ramsey's proposal says a dual-curriculum school that draws 33 percent of its magnet students from outside its attendance would be select. Griffin's proposal lists the percentage as 25 percent. The LHSAA has 388 member schools.
Both plans would allow for five championships for nonselect schools and two for select schools.
"That's one of things we don't know," Henderson said. "We don't have those figures or percentages, but if either of these proposals passes, we'll have to go to each school and find them out."
Federico and Henderson also pointed out a key fundamental difference for voting purposes. Ramsey's proposal was tabled last year, and requires a vote to be taken off the table in order to be considered.
Because it is a new item, Griffin's proposal could come to a vote, or be tabled.
In addition to seeking all select schools to attend the meeting, the group discussed contacting schools in Class B-C along with principals in Louisiana's largest two classes, 4A and 5A. The rationale is both plans would eliminate the autonomy B-C schools have, and that much of the public-school opposition has come from schools in 3A and below.
In addition to discussing options to defeat or table the proposals, possible amendments were discussed, as were safety issues. Henderson suggested administrators and coaches attend Thursday's LHSAA and sports medicine roundtable discussions, and pose those questions and others, including queries about how playoffs would work.
St. Charles Catholic Athletic Director Frank Monica suggested amending the proposals to allow for three nonselect championship divisions. Others said that type of amendment would send the message that the proposal was being accepted.
The group also discussed getting key spokesmen to articulate their views. Teurlings Catholic-Lafayette Principal Mike Boyer agreed to be one of those speakers. The group also asked Federico and Henderson about the views of the executive committee.
Several speakers, including Karr-New Orleans Principal John Hiser and Catholic-Baton Rouge track and cross country coach Pete Boudreaux talked about how passing either proposal would change the LHSAA as it is now known.
Notre Dame-Crowley Athletic Director Lewis Cook asked if Henderson or the executive committee would make a statement.
Henderson declined, noting that he has to enforce any policies that are approved by all member principals.
"The previous commissioner (Tommy Henry) would tell you how to vote," Henderson said.
"I've tried to go in the opposite direction and stay out of the process."


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Mpondo people(Redirected from Pondo people)
The Mpondo people, also called AmaMpondo and Pondo, are a Southern African ethnic group.[3] Their traditional homeland has been in the contemporary era Eastern Cape province of South Africa, more specifically what used to be the Transkei region.[2] They speak a Nguni / Mbo language called isiMpondo which is grammatically similar to both isiXhosa and isiZulu.
The son of Mpondo chief Faku (before 1864)
|Total population
|~2 million[1][2]
|Regions with significant populations
|South Africa
|isiMpondo, Xhosa, English
|Christianity, African Traditional Religion
|Related ethnic groups
|Xhosa, Swati, Zulu other Bantu peoples
|Mpondo Kingdom
During the colonial and Apartheid era, the Mpondo people lived in Pondoland of the Republic of Transkei along with Xhosa people and others.[2][4] They are sometimes incorrectly referred as a Xhosa subgroup. While they share some history and culture with the ethnic groups they live with, the Mpondo people have their distinct roots, culture, history and heritage.[2][3][5]
According to the Mpondo oral tradition, they are the legendary descendants of Mpondo, the grandson of Sibiside who was the leader of the once-powerful Mbo nation (AbaMbo or MaMbo). Mpondo people are part of AbaMbo group who migrated from the Great Lakes into modern-day South Africa, having settled along the way in areas like Zambia and Swaziland. It is through king Sibiside that Mpondo the forefather of the nation emerges together with other well known nations. Mpondo people share a common lineage with AmaMpondomise, AmaXesibe, AbakwaMkhize, AmaBomvu and AmaBomvana.
Sibiside's offsprings:[6]
- Mavovo (Sibiside's heir and father of the Mkhize clan)
- Gubhela (his descendants also call themselves abakwaMkhize)
- Nomafu (AmaBomvu and AmaBomvana)
- Njanya (AmaMpondo, AmaMpondomise, AmaXesibe)
Mpondo and Mpondomise were twins. There's an ongoing argument about which twin is the eldest, the most commonly held view is that Mpondomise is the senior twins. It is said that while out hunting, Mpondo killed a Lion and refused to hand over the skin to Mpondomise as was the custom (the senior was entitled to skins of certain animals).[7] The tension between the two started from that day and Mpondo and his followers were the first ones to leave and settle elsewhere away from their father's land.
The Mpondo people are currently seeking for their language to be recognised as the 12th official language of the Republic of South Africa. Other Mbo languages include isiSwati, isiNdebele and the various "tekela" languages of nations such as AmaHlubi and AmaZizi. However, since isiXhosa was introduced in schools around Mpondoland most Mpondo people are also fluent in isiXhosa. AmaMpondo also interbred with the San people at an earlier stage and this can be picked up in their language that has various clicks.
The great house of Mpondo is called Qawukeni and is situated in Lusikisiki, Eastern Cape. The right-hand house is called Nyandeni and is situated in Libode, Eastern Cape. The Nyandeni house enjoyed autonomy for decades and was often referred to as Western Mpondoland, while the Qawukeni house was referred to as Eastern Mpondoland.
The towns in the Mpondo kingdom include Lusikisiki, Siphaqeni (known as Flagstaff), Mbizana (erroneously called Bizana), Ntabankulu, Port St John's, Libode and Ngqeleni.
Mzintlava (now known as Kokstad) was allotted to Adam Kok of the Griquas.[8]
Genealogy of kingsEdit
The most prominent of all kings of the Mpondo nation is Faku (1780–1867); he resided in Qawukeni as it's still the tradition today. The Nyandeni house was established by Ndamase, Faku's right-hand son and a prominent general of the Mpondo army during the Mfecane wars.
The genealogy of Mpondo kings in order:[7]
- Mpondo
- Sihula
- Mthwa
- Santsabe
- Mkhondwane
- Sukude
- Hlambangobubende
- Ziqelekazi
- Hlamandana
- Thobe
- Msiza
- Ncindisi
- Cabe
- Gangatha
- Bhala
- Chithwayo
- Ndayini
- Thahle
- Nyawuza
- Ngqungqushe
- Faku
- Mqikela
- Sigcau
- Marelane
- Mandlonke
- Bhota
- Mpondombini
- Zanozuko (current)
King Cabe was the first king of the Mpondo nation to cross Mthamvuna river and settled in Siphaqeni. King Ngqungqushe's mother was the first woman whose "ikhazi" (dowry) was paid for by the kingdom, which makes King Ngqungqushe the first "kumkani" in the modern sense. [9]
King Sigcau is known for his militancy in his fight against colonial rule and imposition of colonial policies, notably the hut taxes in the Mpondo Kingdom. He was later arrested for these actions and incarcerated in Robben Island. He remains a hero to the Mpondo people and admired for his bravery. King Sigcau Bravery Award was launched in his honour. His son King Marelane would become one of the founding Kings of the oldest political party in Africa the African National Congress in 1912 in support of the fight against colonial rule in South Africa. His grandson Nkosi Ntsikayezwe Sigcau would follow in the footsteps of his forefathers and become an ANC liberation activist, contributing in the struggle for liberation in South Africa. This also saw him arrested and harassed for his political activities.
Mpondo Clans and tributary clansEdit
There are three types of clans you find in Mpondoland (kwa-Mpondo/emaMpondweni) today. First, there clans that arise out of the many houses of the Kings listed in the section above (Mpondo's descendents). Secondly, there are clans of the older AbaMbo/MaMbo tribe from which Mpondo himself was born out, therefore these are people of his ancestors. Thirdly, there are clans/tribes who have immigrated to Mpondoland and now pay tribute to the Mpondo kingdom.
- From Sihula we have (izilangwe Oochushela Oontamonde Oontobela Oosiwisa Oosothongothi Oombhabhama valangomkhonto emnyango) ImiQwane, AmaNtusi
- From Mthwa we have ImiThwa, AmaWoshe, AmaNgcwangule, AmaGingqi, AmaKhwalo (AmaZangwa,Ncuthu),
- From Mkhondwane we have AmaNtlane, AmaValela, AmaGcuda
- From Sukude we have AmaSame, AmaNcenjane
- From Cabe we have AmaCabe, AmaTshomane, AmaDwera, AmaQhiya, AmaNjilo, AmaGqwaru, AmaNqanda
- From Gangatha we have AmaGangatha, ImiCapathi
- From Bhala we have AmaBhala, AmaChithwayo, AmaKhonjwayo, AmaHeleni, AmaNgcoya, AmaNyathi, AmaJola
- From Ndayini we have AmaNdayini
- From Thahle we have AmaThahle
- From Nyawuza we have AmaNyawuza
Some of the following clans were followers of Mpondo kings from the beginning, some only came later during the reign of Faku:[8][10]
- AmaYalo
- AmaMpisi
- AmaNgcikwa
- AmaKhanyayo
- ImiZizi
- AmaNtshangase
- AmaKhwetshube
- AmaNgutyana
- Izilangwe
- AmaXolo
- AmaDiba
- AmaNci
- AmaCwera
- AmaMpinge
- Omaduna
Tributary clansEdit
These tribes/ clans are not unique to Mpondoland, they usually are small groups in Mpondoland who left their tribes/kingdoms having been given land by Mpondo Kings and thus recognised as forming part of AmaMpondo Kingdom and paying tribute to Mpondo Kings.
- AmaTolo
- AmaZizi
- Bakwena (Sotho)
- Amahlabe
- AmaXhate (Xesibe)
- Other small groups from other kingdoms
Mpondo Traditional Agriculturial System [11]Edit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (September 2018)
The Mpondo Revolt (1960–1962) was the result of the resistance of the Mpondo people against the implementation of the Bantu Authorities Act, part of the Apartheid legislation. Under the Apartheid ideology, separate development of the various ethnic groups of South Africa was proposed and part of that was to segregate black Africans into 'homelands' that were granted independence from South Africa.
Pondo RevoltsEdit
The revolts were related sporadic events that took place in different areas of the Eastern Cape in what was referred to as Pondoland then, under the "rule" of Chief Botha Sigcau who was the chosen paramount chief by the colonial government. There are various reasons that have been accredited to having been the cause of the revolts in Pondoland, which are mainly centred on the people of Pondoland resisting the colonial government's rule in Pondoland.[12]
There were varying reasons that lead to the revolts such as chiefs collaborating with the coloniser, the land rehabilitation programme, the Bantu Authorities System and the increase in taxes.
Chiefs collaborating with the coloniserEdit
Traditionally, chiefs had been assigned with the task of communicating with the ancestors to boost the land's fertility, livestock and rains whilst maintaining law and order. Thus, the chiefs' roles were that of protecting and guarding the areas that they had control over.[13] Upon asserting their rule in Pondoland, the colonisers had to use traditional means of asserting control over the people of Pondoland. Thus, they chose Chiefs to be administrators on their behalf, albeit the chiefs being bestowed limited powers over the land. Their limited powers included limited judicial powers, land allocations and tax collection. The chiefs who were chosen are said to not have posed any/limited threat to the colonial rule and order. The revolts were caused by the designated chiefs enforcing the colonizer's policies without having consulted their people first, thus the people of Pondoland viewed these acts as a form of betrayal, hence the loss of trust between the chiefs and their people.[13]
The land rehabilitation programmeEdit
The land reclamation programme was a system which entailed the colonisers keeping the fertile soils to themselves and allocating the less fertile lands to the local people.[14] Thus the colonial government awarded chiefs who enforced such policies with fertile lands, hence the resentment towards the chiefs by their people, as the chiefs were regarded as 'sellouts'.[15] People believed that chiefs had no right selling the land as it belonged to the people of Pondoland. They revolted to protect what belonged to them.[16]
The Bantu Authorities SystemEdit
This system brought about tension between the people of Pondoland and their chiefs. The main cause of distrust was that of chiefs being appointed without their consultation. This was exacerbated by the fact that appointment of chiefs was by the colonial government itself, thus disrupting the Pondoland traditions of chieftaincy, Botha Sigcau was on these chiefs.[12] The Bantu Authorities System created a pseudo sense of power as colonial authorities gave chiefs limited power, ensuring that administrative duties were still being assigned to the colonial government. This disrupted the system as people were used to being consulted at the Inkundla before decisions were made. Inkundla was when members of a community met together to discuss issues affecting the district/area and made decisions as a collective. However, they found that most decisions were being made on their behalf by the chiefs. Chiefs were now accepting decisions made on their behalf by the colonial government without their consultation. The effects of this was that Pondo chiefs were accepting bribes from the colonisers at the expense of their people.[15] In return they would allocate people's land to the colonisers. This caused mistrust between the chiefs and their people who could now only have access to land only if they paid the chiefs. This was previously unheard of since land was communally owned. The archives have it on record that chiefs started making people pay for land in the 1930s.[15]
Increase in taxesEdit
It is believed that Chief Botha Sigcau had a hand in the increment of taxes, mainly because he benefited from the increment as his loyalties lay with the colonial government rather than his people. In 1956–1960 there were increments which angered the local people, hence some chose to pay and some did not, and the latter resulted in arrests,[16] which led to revolts in some areas.
Series of events leading to the 1960 revoltsEdit
The first signs of revolt were apparent through local vigilante groups such as the Makhuluspani. The Makhuluspani was a group that was created in a bid to combat stock theft in the districts of Tsolo and Qumbu in the 1950s. It is reported that these groups targeted headmen and chiefs who were cooperating or suspected to be cooperating with the colonial government.[17] There were also conflicts around the Bizana area during that same year as the government intended to fence off a certain area on the coastal area to reserve the forests and coastal zones without having consulted the people of Pondoland. People were evicted out of their land, and at one stage during evictions police were attacked.[15]
In 1959, in the Bizana district, Saul Mabude who was the chairman of the district authority and advocate for the Bantu Authorities system was asked to meet with the people of that community. He was tasked with explaining the Bantu Authorities system to them, however he did not show up as he feared for his life. The consequence to his actions resulted in him having his house burnt and the police terrorizing the people in that area. This did not deter the Pondo people from mobilising against the government, who made it clear to Chief Sigcau, who was the paramount chief loyal to the coloniser, that the Bantu system was not going to be enforced on their watch.[12]
In June 1960 a meeting was called at Ngquza Hill. These meetings had become the norm during the apartheid era around that area as people used them to educate each other on the events that were taking place, thus the meetings on the hill were not held secretly. Chief Sigcau tipped the police about the meeting, who in turn upon their arrival fired on the people at the hill. This resulted in the arrest of 23 people and the death of 11 people.[15] In retaliation, there was an ambush on a police patrol in Flagstaff. These people were shot at by the police, resulting in the injury of two policemen and the arrest of one headman.[12]
In November 1960 in Flagstaff, a mass meeting was called at Ngqindile. Chief Sigcau's brother Vukayibambe called the police and helped disperse the meeting. One of the protesters was killed, this resulting in Vukayibambe's kraal being set on fire and his death. All those who had an affiliation with the chief and supported him were killed, injured and their kraals set alight. The police were sent to diffuse the situation.[12]
Stabilisation of the revoltsEdit
A commission of inquiry was held right after the massacre. The demands from the people of Pondoland entailed the Bantu Authorities, Bantu Education Acts being withdrawn, the relief from taxes, removal of Botha Sigcau as the paramount chief and his representation in the colonial parliament.[12] Their demands were not met, and in retaliation the Pondo boycotted all white owned stores in Pondoland.[12]
By the end of November 1960, a state of emergency was declared in Pondoland, in Flagstaff, Bizana, Takankulu, Lusikisiki and Mount Ayliff. No one could access those areas without a permit, and the west of Umtata was closed off. The revolts were shut down through heavy policing and raiding tax evaders. The Bantu Home Guard was also established by the chiefs in a bid to shut down the revolts, with the aid of the military force that was sent by the state in a bid to subjugate the areas in Pondoland where the revolts had occurred till 1963.[12]
In 1960, a total of 4769 had been imprisoned during this period of the revolts form 1950–1960, and 2067 brought to trial and it is reported that 30 people were sentenced to death during August and October in 1961.[15]
Arts and entertainmentEdit
The Mpondo people are one of the major tribes that produce and consumes the genre of music called Maskandi but the Mpondo people are unique in a performance of what is called "imfene" (baboon dance). This dance is performed by young ones and adults of both sexes to the sounds of Maskandi music.
Mpondo culture and heritage festivalEdit
Mpondo Culture and Heritage Festival is celebrated annually by Mpondo to celebrate their culture and heritage. It is the biggest cultural event celebrated in the Kingdom attended by approximately over 15 000 people preceded by the Annual Mpondo Read Dance. It is held in September of every year at Lwandlolubomvu Great Place, Ntabankulu; palace of the customary head Jongilanga Sigcau. Ntabankulu is the mountainous part of the Mpondo Kingdom surrounded by the great Mzimvubu River. Ntabankulu in Mpondo language means Big Mountains. September is important in the Mpondo history as it was originally the Mpondo new year in the ancient Mpondo calendars and also two of the Mpondo Kings King Mqikela and King Sigcau were born on this month. The Mpondo Culture and Heritage Festival also celebrates the roles played by these icons, including the legendary Kings Faku and Mqikela amongst others. This events also seeks to promote cultural diversity through sharing of Mpondo Culture and heritage with other cultures from South Africa, broader African continent and beyond the Oceans. It attracts a lot of tourists both local and international tourists and is one of the biggest events in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.
Beliefs and cosmologyEdit
The supreme being according to Mpondo people is known as "Umdali" (The creator). Mpondo people also practice the appeasement of ancestors like all other Bantu tribes.
Mpondo people still practice the old tradition of rain-making. Rain-makers usually come from the AmaYalo clan and some from AmaKhwetshube. Mpondo people also perform facial scarification known as "ukuchaza" which is normally necessitated by the sickness of the person to be scarified, which is interpreted as a patient needing the ritual of its ancestors.
In Mpondoland there are people are said to have a calling to be diviners, healers and medicine experts.
Mpondo lunar calendarEdit
According to the ancient AbaMbo people, including Mpondo September is the first month of the year. There are some Mpondo people who recognise the appearance of the Pleiades ("isilimela") to signal the beginning of the year,[8] but it is most likely that this interpretation was adopted from the Xhosa people. Mpondo calendar is as follows commencing with uMphanda the first month of the year according to the ancient Mpondo Calendar.
- uMphanda (September)
- uZibandlela (October)
- uLwezi (November)
- uNtsinga (December)
- uNtlolanja (January)
- uNdazosela (February)
- um'Basa (March)
- utshazimpuzi (April)
- uNtlangula (May)
- uNtulikazi (June)
- uNcwabakazi (July)
- uMfumfu (August)
Notable MpondosEdit
- Winnie Madikizela-Mandela - South African politician
- Botha Sigcau - the King of Mpondo and father of Stella Sigcau
- Gquma, alias Bessie, a white woman who served as queen of the Tshomane Mpondo after her marriage to King Sango.
- Stella Sigcau - former ANC MP
- Oliver Tambo - former and longest serving president of the ANC
- Dali Tambo - the son of Oliver Tambo
- Rev. Makhenkesi Stofile - the second Premier of the Eastern Cape
- Zonke - Musician
- Simphiwe Dana - Musician
- Miriam Makeba - Musician
- Wandisile Ndiyamthanda Nqeketho= a social entrepreneur/cultural activist
See alsoEdit
- ^ Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 195. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
- ^ a b c d Diagram Group (2013). Encyclopedia of African Peoples. Routledge. p. 158. ISBN 978-1-135-96334-7.
- ^ a b Mpondo people, Encyclopædia Britannica (2007)
- ^ Timothy J. Stapleton (2016). Encyclopedia of African Colonial Conflicts. ABC-CLIO. p. 176. ISBN 978-1-59884-837-3.
- ^ Timothy J. Stapleton (2006). Faku: Rulership and Colonialism in the Mpondo Kingdom (c. 1780-1867). Wilfrid Laurier University Press. pp. xiii–xviii. ISBN 978-0-88920-597-0.
- ^ Mkhize, Siyabonga (2009). Uhlanga Lwas'eMbo. Sibiside Publishers. ISBN 978-0-620-43055-5
- ^ a b c Soga, John Henderson (1930). The South Eastern Bantu (Abe-Nguni, Aba-Mbo, Ama-Lala). Witwatersrand University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-06682-2
- ^ a b c d Ndamase, Victor Poto (1926). AmaMpondo: Ibali ne-ntlalo. Lovedale Institution Press
- ^ King Mpondombini speaks: youtube.com/watch?v=WGssEzptRwE&feature=youtu.be
- ^ a b Jackson, A.O. (1974). The Ethnic Composition of the Ciskei and Transkei: Ethnological Publications No. 53 ISBN 0 621 021032
- ^ K Kennedy - 2015 - open.uct.ac.za
- ^ a b c d e f g h SA History Online.http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/pondoland-revolt-1950-1961.
- ^ a b Redding. Government Witchcraft: Taxation, the Supernatural, and the Mpondo Revolt in the Transkei, South Africa, 1955-1963.https://www.jstor.org/stable/723444?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
- ^ Colin Murray and Gavin Williams.Land and Freedom in South Africa.http://0-www.jstor.org.wam.seals.ac.za/stable/pdf/4006143.pdf?refreqid=excelsior:f4df8b8705fbf1daa99e723b6e7ae877.
- ^ a b c d e f Kepe and Ntsebeza. Rural Resistance in South Africa. The Mpondo Revolts after Fifty Years. Koninklikje Brill NV.2011.26.https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/31865/ASC-075287668-3033-01.pdf?sequence=2
- ^ a b V M Mnaba.The role of the church towards the Pondo revolt in South Africa from 1960-1963.http://uir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/1801.
- ^ Pieterse.Traditionalists, traitors and sell-outs: the roles and motives of 'amaqaba', 'abangcatshi' and 'abathengisi' in the Pondoland Revolt of 1960 to 1961. Department of Historical and Heritage Studies.Faculty of Humanities University of Pretoria .2007.51


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HomeFootballFirst TeamNewsJonathan Dos Santos: "Tata Martino says he has confidence in me"
David R. Jover
15/08/2013 | 00:00
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During this afternoon's press conference, Jonathan Dos Santos declared that his goal for this season is to have more playing time. The midfielder admitted that he came close to signing with Real Sociedad this summer but he chose to stay at FC Barcelona because of the confidence that Gerardo Tata Martino has shown him. "I hope to have more minutes than I had last season, I want to show what kind of player I am. I expect to help the team as much as possible. The fact that Martino said that he wanted me to stay, that he has confidence in me, was key. I hope to have a better season than last year," said Dos Santos.A year gained Despite not enjoying a lot of playing time in the 2012/13 season, Dos Santos considers that last year wasn't wasted. "Ever since I was a child I've had the dream of playing for Barça and succeeding here. Sometimes there are times that aren't that great, but it makes you mature as a player. It was a year gained, not lost. I hope to play more this season, but I don't want anyone to give me anything, I have to earn my playing time," said the midfielder. Interior midfielderDos Santos is likely to be repositioned as an interior midfielder this season. "Tata sees me more as an interior player, a player who can attack and move the team. I can help the team when we go forward and also defensively," said Dos Santos. The great rivalWhen asked about Real Madrid, Dos Santos explained that the team managed by Carlo Ancelotti will be a great rival for the Catalan team. "We shouldn't focus on Real Madrid. They have a great team and they've signed good players, but we have to focus on ourselves. I'm sure it will be another season of great rivalry."
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Pedro Rodríguez working hard for a place
Training session with the internationals
New manager, (almost) guaranteed winning start
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The European Championship of Graphic Design
Curated by Erik Kessels
The best European designers were invited to create an exhibition from scratch. Eleven great designers were selected, and encouraged to "play" at exactly the same time as the European football championship in Austria and Switzerland. Included were Anthony Burrill, Happy Pets and Browns amongst others.


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Waking up to a good laugh is always welcome. Prosecutor Håkan Roswall, who Ankata described as a being a clown. Brokep told world press at the press conference two days ago that Mr Roswall can't count and hasn't finished fifth grade.
Well in a series of moves that earned the comment "EPIC WINNING LOL" by Brokep on #spectrial on Twitter, Mr Roswall first reduced the charges from, and I'm not sure I can translate this properly, "accessory to manufacturing" to "accessory to publishing". This is barely more than what Jammie Thomas was dragged to court over. Prosecutor Roswall now has to prove that its illegal to make something available for manufacturing when no manufacturing has occurred.
But it wouldn't be the Roswall we've come to known if he managed to hold on the ball from there. Oh no:
Defense: "How can you tell that this tracker.prq.to is the Pirate Bay tracker?
Prosecutor: "You can't" <- huh?
D: "So the prosecutor claims that the software always uses The Pirate Bay, provided that it's his claim that the software uses The Pirate Bay? What happens if the torrent contains multiple trackers?"
P: "It doesn't."
D: "Can the Prosecutor produce a copy of the torrent-files so that the court may verify this?"
P: <digresses into the details on how the research was conducted>
D: "Why doesn't the Prosecutor have copies of these files?"
Seriously? "It doesn't"? Keep in mind that this Sweden's TOP IT-prosecutor! Most torrents contain multiple trackers, we know that, the defense knows that and I'm pretty sure the prosecution knows that as well. And why are there no copies of the torrents?
Then again this is the same prosecutor that can't operate Power Point. In what is the most important case in his career he was told yesterday that he should "stop wasting the courts time and proceed with pen and paper". This after spending 15 minutes battling his laptop.
That all you say? Why of course not! Earlier today(sv):
[10.04] Fredrik Neij requests to make a comment on the analysis of the trackers. This is normally not allowed but the court makes an exception.
Fredrik Neij explains that the torrent-files being shown contains no information and that they merely passed through The Pirate Bays servers
"The prosecution is building a case on a misunderstanding of the technology." – defendant Fredrik Neij.
The court requests him to clarify and asks: "Are you claiming that the evidence before us doesn't prove that the Pirate Bays' trackers where used?"
The defendants are pleased when they all answer yes.
[10.07] Prosecutor Håkan Roswall requests a 10 minute recess.
I'm a bit divided here though, I mean were it not for the prosecutor acting as the shit shield for the MPAA and IFPI I probably wouldn't mind the case being thrown out on a technicalty. I lends even more weight to the fact that these companies don't understand what they're doing. Since either way, no matter the outcome, either in this court or the ones that will follow, all its doing is stalling for time for society to decide if we want a free internet or if will let the content industry restart it as a cable tv network.


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Saly Kone is proud to help improve people's diets in Côte d'Ivoire
Saly Kone is a mother who works in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire selling Maggi bouillons and spices for Nestlé. Her job has given her financial independence, and she plans to give her daughter a full-time education.
As one of more than 15,000 'Maggi Mammies' working in Côte d'Ivoire, Saly also has the satisfaction of knowing that the products she sells help to improve people's nutrition. That's because we've fortified them with iodised salt and iron to help address micronutrient deficiencies.
We've also funded training for women like Saly across Central and West Africa on the importance of good nutrition, balanced diets and culinary hygiene. They then pass on this knowledge to consumers.
Micronutrient deficiency is a common public health problem worldwide, and children and women of childbearing age are particularly vulnerable.
An estimated 2 billion people globally suffer from 'hidden hunger', a deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals that can cause serious mental and physical harm if left untreated.
We provided 192 billion servings of fortified foods in 2015 to help tackle micronutrient deficiency, and launched our Policy on Micronutrient Fortification.
Read more about what we're doing to tackle vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
Sustainable Development Goal: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture (Goal 2)
#DidYouKnow: Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide


text:
March 2013 Findacourse.ie Update
|More Featured Course Providers
|More Featured Courses >>
|Category Focus – Fitness and Health
Interested in becoming a Fitness Instructor, Personal Trainer or Nutritionist? If so then why not check out our Fitness and Health Category on Findacourse.ie..
|Fashion Styling Courses
It is easy to forget how important individual design is. How we dress ourselves and present ourselves to the world is almost as important as how we talk and what we say. Love it or hate it, fashion is part of how we express ourselves. Now wanting to dress the part is one thing, but following the fashion industry and understanding ramifications of individual fashion choices is entirely another thing. This is where a fashion stylist comes in..
|Upcoming Open Days
Open days can be a great way of evaluating a college and getting a flavour of what you can expect in term of facilities, location and class tutors. See a selection of upcoming open days and open evenings on Findacourse.ie..
Findacourse.ie March 2013 E-News
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During pilonidal cyst removal surgery, doctors apply anaesthesia, cut the cyst open, and remove all the pus, debris, and infected hair follicles, says MedlinePlus. Removing the cyst in its entirety is difficult, and even with surgery, the cyst may return. After surgery, the wound is either sewn shut, left open, or the skin is stitched into a pouch over the wound.
Generally, the first attempted procedure is incision and drainage, with the wound left open to allow drainage, according to MedlinePlus. This requires extensive care and changes of gauze packing over the following weeks, and can take up to four weeks to heal. Doctors can perform this type of incision and drainage in a doctor's office rather than a hospital or surgical center. When the doctors leave a pouch rather than a fully open wound, the procedure requires a hospital or dedicated surgery center, and takes up to six weeks to heal.
Surgery is always required to treat an infected pilonidal cyst, as antibiotic medications are unable to cure it, states MedlinePlus. If there is no infection, the cyst does not require surgical treatment. In these cases, patients may shave the hair in the area or have laser hair removal treatments. Doctors may also inject surgical glue into the cyst cavity to prevent infection.


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Sarah Evelyn Marsh
We sit, we knit, we unwind.
This project has took us on a journey; getting together to knit and talk, get inspired and discover endless creative possibilities.....we have followed the line to make new connections and a new path for our knitting experience.
Girls group from Rusholme, Manchester, Manchester Art Gallery and Sarah Marsh
February 2014
Gallery of Costume, Platt Hall, Manchester, M14 5LL


text:
Legal Status
Document Details
Published Document
Take notice that on August 30, 2002, Columbia Gulf Transmission Company (Columbia Gulf) tendered for filing as part of its FERC Gas Tariff, Second Revised Volume No. 1, the following revised tariff sheet to become effective August 20, 2002:
Fifth Revised Sheet No. 316
Columbia Gulf states on July 19, 2002, it made a filing with the Commission seeking approval of a Rate Schedule FTS-1 negotiated rate agreement with TotalFinaElf Gas and Power North America, Inc. (TotalFinaElf) in Docket No. RP96-389-060. On July 23, 2002, Columbia Gulf made a similar filing with the Commission seeking approval of a Rate Schedule FTS-1 negotiated rate Agreement with Cinergy Marketing & Trading, L. P. (Cinergy) in Docket No. RP96-389-062. On August 20, 2002, the Commission issued an order approving the TotalFinaElf service agreement effective November 1, 2002. On August 21, 2002, the Commission issued an order approving the Cinergy service agreement effective July 1, 2002. Both orders directed Columbia Gulf to file a tariff sheet identifying the agreements as non-conforming agreements in compliance with Section 154.112(b) of the Commission's regulations. The instant filing is being made to comply with Section 154.112(b) and reference the non-conforming service agreements in its Volume No. 1 tariff.
Columbia Gulf states that copies of its filing is being served to each of the parties listed on the service list.
Any person desiring to protest said filing should file a protest with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426, in accordance with Section 385.211 of the Commission's Rules and Regulations. All such protests must be filed in accordance with Section 154.210 of the Commission's Regulations. Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make protestants parties to the proceedings. This filing is available for review at the Commission in the Public Reference Room or may be viewed on the Commission's Web site at http://www.ferc.gov using the "FERRIS" link. Enter the docket number excluding the last three digits in the docket number field to access the document. For Assistance, call (202)502-8222 or for TTY, (202) 208-1659. The Commission strongly encourages electronic filings. See, 18 CFR 385.2001(a)(1)(iii) and the instructions on the Commission's Web site under the "e-Filing" link.Start Signature
Linwood A. Watson, Jr.,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 02-23182 Filed 9-17-02; 8:45 am]


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Live Webinar on Finance & Accounting 101 SimplifiedNovember 7, 2018 from 1pm to 2:30pm
Live Webinar on Use Microsoft Excel Pivot Tables to Easily Summarize and Analyze DataNovember 15, 2018 from 1pm to 2:15pm
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Location: Online
Street: 161 Mission Falls Lane, Suite 216
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Website or Map: http://www.mentorhealth.com/c…
Phone: 8003851607
Event Type: webinar
Organized By: Netzealous LLC -MentorHealth
Latest Activity: Oct 10, 2017
Training Options Duration: 90 Minutes
Wednesday, November 15, 2017 | 10:00 AM PDT | 01:00 PM EDT
Overview: Whenever workers enter an area where there is a possibility of exposure to hazardous or toxic substances, or where there is a possibility of injury or harm due to entering a space with only one way in and out, and where only a single employee may work, OSHA has provided written regulations requiring that the space be designated as a hazard with confined space entry requirements.
Why should you Attend: This program will help you understand the parameters and definitions of confined space, how a confined space is identified, how to train employees and what precautions are required for working in a confined space.
This webinar will also discuss the requirements and procedures needed for employees or outside contractors to enter confined spaces. In addition, this webinar will provide definitions of the types of hazards that could be encountered in a confined space. Finally, this webinar will discuss strategies for assuring worker safety in confined spaces.
Areas Covered in the Session:
OSHA Regulations
How to identify a confined space
Hazard Definitions
Safety requirements
Who Will Benefit:
Speaker Profile
Dr. Kenneth S. Weinberg, Ph.D. is an independent consultant in environmental health and safety. Dr. Weinberg has consulted for several companies in the areas of OSHA Injury and Illness reporting, as well as auditing for OSHA inspections. He has worked as the Director of Safety at Mass. General Hospital in Boston for almost twelve years, and has written several books on the topics of health care safety, OSHA, and Indoor Air Quality. He has also written several articles for prominent national safety publications, and serves on the editorial advisory boards for safety publications. He Also has been Administrator of the Health Care Divisio0n of the American Society of Safety Engineers, and is a member of several panels that advice on safety related matters.
Price - $139
Contact Info:
Netzealous LLC -MentorHealth
Phone No: 1-800-385-1607
Fax: 302-288-6884
Email: email@example.com
Website: http://www.mentorhealth.com/
Webinar Sponsorship: https://www.mentorhealth.com/control/webinar-sponsorship/
© 2018 Created by Safety Community. Powered by


text:
25% off Wall Art. Say no to naked walls. Use code FANCYWALLS
South Australian Coastline…Nikon D80Textures – Free 3d Edited in Corel Paint Shop Pro Photo X2
carol knudsen ocean sea water south australia coast textured photo manipulation
Beautiful colors and textures Carol.
Thanks so much :-)
I like the view south,..
Thanks so much John…and for the fave too :-)
What a stunning view – love your processing here Carol!
Thank you Chris for your sweet comment :-)
beautiful image
Thanks Kathy…youa re so kind :-)
This is so pretty Carol. Almost like an old style painting :)
Thanks so much Judi x Your honest comments mean so much to me :-)
A painted look, nice work Carol.
Thanks so much Adrian :-)
wonderful colors and texture work!
Thank you Ana!!!! I appreciate your comment :-)
Beautiful work, lovely colours!
Thank you so much!!!!
Wonderful work…..love the colours!!
Thanks Bri for your great comment and the fave :-)
oh, wow! a gorgeous scene!
Thank you Joshua :-)
PS: Love the new avatar!
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text: Shoes are a necessary complement to every girls outfit but walking on high heels is definitely not my thing. I appreciate elegant shoes but tend to go around in sneakers most of the time. So I decided to have fancy paper pieced shoes. These are classic high heels, will look good in any combination of colors and can be combined with the other patterns of the series. BASIC SKILLS NECESSARY Basic paper piecing skills SIZING / FINISHED MEASUREMENTS 7" x 6" inches


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Content tagged with 'Heady Fwiends'
Album review: The Flaming Lips and Heady Fwiends (Warner Brothers)
As the alt-generation's band of merry pranksters, The Flaming Lips have been afforded generous leniency regarding creative projects and maverick decisions. Not that earlier moves required much defense. For instance,… Read more
Posted on: Wednesday, 5 Sep 2012
Categories: Music, Tone Audio album reviews
Tags: Album Reviews from TONEAudio Magazine, Flaming Lips, Heady Fwiends


text:
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Fight unwelcome blemishes and breakouts with Balance Me Congested Skin Serum, a non-drying gel which targets imperfections and problem areas, leaving skin calm and clear. Restores the skin's balance with a unique aromatherapy blend.
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A woman accused of making a hoax terrorist threat to an international flight leaving Sydney airport has been granted bail.
Jannah Axiaq, 30, was on June 1 charged after allegedly telling police she overheard three people at Sydney international airport talking about committing an act of terrorism on an international flight.
"An immediate assessment of the threat was made by several agencies and it was deemed to be a hoax," police said.
During a bail application at Sydney's Central Local Court on Friday, the prosecution said there was "a high likelihood" Axiaq would "fail to appear in court" if released.
"And similar prospects, similar offences would occur while (Axiaq is) on bail," the prosecution told Magistrate Les Mabbutt.
Defence lawyers argued "that she be released to reside with her aunt and uncle," but conceded no one in the family was prepared to offer a financial surety to the court.
They asked that a justice health report on Axiaq's mental health be considered by Mr Mabbutt.
Axiaq has been in custody at Silverwater jail this month and despite being granted bail, she will remain behind bars until her passport is surrendered.
"I do propose to grant the accused bail," Mr Mabbutt said.
As part of the conditions of her bail, Axiaq will have to live with her aunt and uncle, stay in NSW, not enter any airport or apply for a new passport.
The maximum penalty Axiaq faces if found guilty is ten years in jail.
She's due before the Downing Centre Local court on July 1.
After being granted bail, Axiaq asked that no one speak to her friends or mother, who were present in the court.


text:
Alternative Titles
Japanese: 危機之介御免
Type: Manga
Volumes: 3
Chapters: Unknown
Status: Finished
Published: Jun 26, 2006 to Oct 26, 2007
Genres: Action, Adventure, Historical, Martial Arts, Seinen
Authors: Tomizawa, Yoshihiko (Story), Kaidou, Hiroyuki (Art)
Serialization: Magazine-Z
Score: 6.171 (scored by 6 users)
1 This score is not weighted. Please note that 'Not yet published' titles are excluded.
Ranked: #199332
2 based on the top manga page. Please note that 'R18+' titles are excluded.
Popularity: #29891
Members: 59
Favorites: 0


text: Hey folks. I really want to get started on a few projects involving my CPA network membership, but I have a problem. See, I really only had enough money for one domain, and it was for a whitehat project I had in mind. The name is incredibly generic. What I was wondering was whether or not it was possible to use one very generic domain to rank for keywords that it's unrelated to. I can't give away the whole domain name, but it's based around the idea of "alternatives". Thanks for your time.


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Image Credit: USFWS
In Florida, there are 13 native bat species, and 7 "accidental" species that only have a few records of occurrence in the northern or southern extremes of the state (Marks and Marks 2006). Bats are ecologically and economically beneficial. They serve critical roles worldwide as insect pest controllers, pollinators, seed-dispersers and fertilizers.
Florida's bats are insectivorous, meaning they eat insects, including beetles, mosquitoes, moths and other agriculture and garden pests. A single bat can eat hundreds of insects in a night!
Florida's bats are facing many challenges, including loss of natural roosting sites in trees and caves. Outside of Florida, a disease called white-nose syndrome (WNS) has also killed millions of cave-roosting bats and is spreading rapidly. As of late 2015, WNS has not reached Florida, but it remains a serious threat.
Although bats are facing these challenges, there are things people can do to help.
Ways you can help bats thrive in Florida:
image credit - E. Stevenson
Bats are beneficial mammals that are of little threat to people. Rabies, a virus usually transmitted from a bite, affects a very small portion of bats — perhaps only one among every few hundred bats across all of the bat populations in Florida. However, people should not handle bats, whether they are sick, injured or dead. For more information about bats and disease, including what to do if a person makes contact with a bat, contact your county health department, the Florida Department of Health, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Image credit - C. Burney
It is illegal to kill bats in Florida in accordance with Florida Administrative Code rule 68A-4.001 General Prohibitions. Since bats are particularly vulnerable to disturbance and harm when they are roosting in buildings and other man-made structures, protections for bats in structures are also included in rule 68A-9.010 Taking Nuisance Wildlife. This rule does not allow the use of pesticides or poisons for the purpose of harming, killing, or deterring bats. This nuisance wildlife rule also states the minimum requirements that need to be followed if someone is going to remove bats from buildings and other structures. If you think you have a bat or bat colony roosting in your home or other structure, learn more about what you can do by visiting the Bats in Buildings webpage.
Learn more about bats:
Learn to identify bats and what to do when they are in buildings
Bat biology and conservation, Florida's bat species, bats and disease, and more.
FWC Facts:Healthy lakes with vibrant fisheries enhance property values & development potential and justify the need for sustainable development practices to protect them into the future.
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Pursuant to section 120.74, Florida Statutes, the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission has published its 2018 Agency Regulatory Plan.
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There is "plenty of fuel for the fire to see gold go higher," according to Jeffrey Wright, metals and mining analyst at Global Hunter Securities.
In a note to clients, Wright reiterated his bullish outlook on gold and his six-month target of $2,000 per ounce.
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Wright's comments came as COMEX gold futures climbed to a new all-time high on a closing basis of $1,785.00 per ounce on Tuesday.
Following the COMEX close, gold futures hit $1,788 in electronic trading – just 1.6% below their intra-day record reached last week.


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Penney and Associates® – Los Angeles
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11601 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA
Phone: (800) 616-4529
Satellite Offices:
Penney and Associates maintains office space covering the vast majority of California. Contact us now for a location that is convenient for you!
Contact Us
Los Angeles, CA, is well known as the film and television capital of the world. Located in Southern California, it is the biggest city in the state and it also has the highest population, almost 4 million as of the last census. The population is comprised of whites, blacks, Hispanics, Asians and other races. It is considered to be a fast paced city that is mainly driven by the television and film industries. Other employers include aerospace, oil, tourism, fashion and apparel, finance, telecommunications and others.
As for living standards, the Los Angeles population is mixed – there are some who are very rich, some very poor but the majority of the population lies somewhere in the middle. Like any other big city in America, it has many hospitals, schools, universities and other amenities. Parents who are looking for good education for their children will be happy to know that there are many of them in the suburbs away from the hassle and bustle of the city. Apart from movies and the performing arts, Los Angeles has more than 800 museums (the highest in the world in terms of per capita) as well as many galleries. There are parks and other entertainment facilities for singles and families.
Personal injury lawyers are some of the professionals that you will find in the city. They are lawyers who represent clients who have been harmed either physically or psychologically by the actions or negligence of an individual, a business or a government entity. As someone who is looking for a Los Angeles CA personal injury attorney, you will be happy to know that there are many excellent ones in the city. That said, it can be rather hard to choose between them – after all, they all claim that they are the best at what they do. This means that you have to do some research before you hire – not all of them are as good as they claim to be. If you want to get a lawyer who can help you get the settlement that you deserve, here is what you should be looking for:
• Credentials and experience are very important. Credentials refer to where a lawyer went to school – there are some who went to backdoor schools and taking on one of those could risk your case. As for experience, it is important that you choose a lawyer who has helped resolve case like yours in the past. Just because a lawyer is good at one kind of personal injury law doesn't mean that they are good at another. A lawyer who successfully represents DUI cases may not, for example, be any good when it comes to a class action lawsuit. If you decide to hire a personal injury law firm then make sure to ask them to give you a lawyer who is experienced in handling cases like yours.
• You should get a lawyer who is personable – you will be communication with them a lot and so you should feel free in their presence. You can tell a lot about a lawyer on your first interview with them. Check how well they listen to you, whether they take notes and whether they advise you on the best course of action.
• Don't worry about how much you will pay him. Personal injury lawyers are paid only if they win a case.
• Be careful of lawyers who oversell themselves – they are most likely doing it because they are desperate. The best lawyers are very subtle in advertising their services and they usually let clients choose them rather than badgering them.
• Get a local who has experience arguing in your local courthouse where your matter is being handled. It makes a big difference if a lawyer knows the people in court – they know how to handle them so that they can move things along faster.
If you are wondering what precisely your attorney will be doing for you, there are several things:
• Your lawyer is supposed to listen to all the facts of your case and then advise you on the best course of action – you can choose to settle out of court or you can choose to go to court and get a ruling from there. There are pros and cons of each. If you decide to get a settlement out of court you are assured that you will walk away with some money. be careful though – you could walk away with less that the court would have awarded you. If you go to court there is no guarantee that you will win – it could go either way and you walk away with nothing.
• If you decide to settle the matter out of court it is your lawyer's job to negotiate and make sure that you get a fair amount. If it goes to court they are supposed to prepare and file all documentation, argue on your case your behalf and prepare you if you will be a witness.
The other thing that residents of Los Angeles, CA, have to deal with is where to find a lawyer – where do you start when you are looking for a lawyer? The best way to get a personal injury attorney is to get a referral – referrals are great because the lawyer has already been vetted and passed. We recommend that you try Penney and Associates. They are one of the best law firms in Los Angeles and they have an excellent track record in personal injury litigation of all kinds. Whatever your personal injury is, whether emotional or psychological, you can be sure that the lawyers at Penney and Associates are well equipped to get you the compensation that you deserve. You can contact them at (800) 616-4529 or visit them on www.penneylawyers.com for more information.
If you are not successful at getting a lawyer from Penney and Associates to represent you we recommend that you get a referral from friends of family. The internet is also a good place to find a personal injury lawyer.


text:
The Jesus described in the bible is a myth. He is no different than any other magical being (Vishnu, The sun gods of ancient cultures, Santa Clause). Jesus is not exempt from common sense or logical thinking just because many people think he is a real person. I don't doubt that Jesus is based on a real person who was probably very charitable, but wasn't a magician.Logic over ignorance is the way to go my friends.
Regardless of whether you believe in Jesus, History (including historical non-religious texts), Archaeology, Civilizations across the World, Science, Nature and Religious texts (both Christian and non-Christian) all point to evidence that Jesus existed.
If this were tried in a court of law, there is both direct and circumstantial evidence all pointing to the existence of Jesus Christ.
It is ironic that many people invest so much time trying to disprove the existence of Jesus. In fact, Jesus predicted that many will not believe in Him.
This fascination and sometimes obsession with challenging the existence of Jesus is strong evidence of the impact Jesus still has on this world.
We're still talking about it over 2,000 years later (both Christians and non-Christians). People are free to believe what they want.
If Jesus did not exist, stop talking about Him.
We have numerous historical reports from Joshephus, Pliny the Younger, Tertullian, and even the Pharissees and Temple authorities of the day who confirm that he was a real man who worked miracles, was crucified, and they also confirm that there was darkness and an earthquake when he died. No person of history would deny the existence of Jesus of Nazareth. Thank you and God bless.
Which doesn't mean he was the son of God. He could just have been a good speech maker. I don't think he did any of the things he's supposed to have done. It is imposable to come back from death. He was probably a good leader and people followed him. All other stuff are legend.
The man Jesus was the biological son of a man by the name of Joseph, who was sired by Alexander Helios [HELI] the husband of Hanna, who was the mother of Mary.
Hanna was the youngest daughter of Jehosuah/Jesus, who was high priest in Jerusalem from 36 to 23 BC, he was also the father to Elizabeth, who was the mother of John the Baptist and aunty to Mary of the tribe of Levi, who was the mother of the man Jesus, who was chosen as the first fruits from the body of mankind.
Posted by Frank.
Historicity refers to the actuality of an event, besides the Pauline sources (biblical) and the synoptic Gospel, there were other persons who were not christians who recorded that Jesus was an actual persons, recorded what he did for example Josephus a Jewish historian recorded him as a "magician" who led Israel astray, Pliny the younger and Tacitus also mentioned the events of the Crucifixion, and that he was crucified.
History was also divided in to the BC and AD period BC: before Christ, and AD: anno Domini ie translated from latin means "in the year of our Lord" That the entire of recorded time is divided by the advent of Christ is also an evidence of His existence. Since Archeology is a science, there are written scripts that mention Jesus, these would be copies of original letters, there is also the Bible, which all historians view as a historical book, albeit with a Christian bias... That it is considered Historical is not mean feat, other religious books are mostly considered mythical in content... Which means that the Bible is a source of historical facts... Even with its christian bias
He was not the son of "God" He was some nut job who could immpress lower inelegance and then his story was stretched throughout time. I dont even think there is a god but there is actual genetic evidence that jesus did exist. But by the logic of him being a mirical worker is like all the species on earth fitting onto one boat
Jesus existed and still exist! The fact is that many people don't take him seriously nor do they search for him in their hearts nor have a moment with him of course you can't see him but you can believe in him, soon he is coming for this corrupted world, many won't believe and may will be deceived. We should all know that if it weren't for him none of us wouldn't be here,
I am an atheist and he does exist. What miracles he performed are HIGHLY questionable and weather if he was really the son of god or not. There have been multiple evidences through multiple texts, and he is the main cause for Christianity! So, regardless of your belief, he did exist.
There is a little--very little, actually--supporting evidence from the time of Jesus, but enough to make it likely that some itinerant preacher of the name Yeshua/Jesus was wandering around Galilee and Judea at the time of Herod Antipas. As with most of the other messianic King-of-the-Jews preachers of the time, he was probably disposed of as a dissident.
Though there could have been, and probably was a person by that name that inspired the biblical stories, e.g. a moral man called Jesus, there was no person by that name or any other with godlike supernatural powers, e.g. the son of God Jesus. History is full of self-proclaimed prophets and Jesus would have been no different. Like him, the others too had many followers who believed in them. The bible it'self is littered with references to false prophets and things have continued. Here is a short list of other prophets, some had many followers and ended in self sacrifice as well.
Seeing that there is no evidence that there was a person named Jesus with supernatural abilities as described in the Bible. The biblical Jesus did not exist, just a man called Jesus.
Can you prove his existence with out using the bible or the writings of Titus Flavius Josephus? For some one performing miracles of this magnitude you would think there would be more documentation. In fact how do we believe anything in the bible really happened? Show me the real evidence of your claim.