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Glossary of property terms
Contact Lands Title Office for:
- further information on terms and definitions
- an alternative version of any documents on this page.
- Approx, Approximate - data unreliable or boundaries not fixed - is also used when referring to square kilometres
- Calc, Calculated - derived from plan data
- Deduced - derived by subtraction from a previously calculated area.
A user that can create and modify users linked to the same account in SAILIS.
Associated Dealing
A dealing which a subsequent dealing has been lodged over eg, Discharge of Mortgage.
A survey mark made on a monument having a known location and elevation, serving as a vertical control reference point for levelling surveys to determine elevations, may also be used for horizontal control.
Bills of sale
A mortgage of personal property - eg chattels or other goods, for the purpose of securing the payment of a debt.
This is a land parcel identifier, part of a land description usually associated with pastoral lands outside the named hundreds.
Details presented on the DCDB which define the current subdivisional pattern of a locality on the ground.
Capital value
The value of a parcel of land including improvements.
The instrument by which a person who claims an equitable estate or interest in land may prevent the registration of any dealing with the land or a registered interest in the land - eg a caveat may be lodged against the registered proprietor of land, or the mortgagee of a registered mortgage, or the lessee of a registered lease.
The person against whom the caveat has been lodged. Normally, the caveatee will be the registered proprietor of land or of a mortgage or lease over which the caveat has been lodged.
The person lodging a caveat.
Certificate of title (CT)
See title reference.
Child Title
A new title that has issued from a cancelled Parent Title.
Common property
Land in a community title or strata title scheme which is defined on the relevant community plan or strata plan and for which a certificate of title is issued in the name of the community corporation or strata corporation.
Community plan
See plan type.
Community title
See title reference.
Information that affects the land and requires further investigation.
In conveyancing terms, the word is generally used to refer to the reason or explanation for the transfer of land. Typically, it is an amount of money paid by the transferee to the transferor, but it may refer to some less tangible factor, such as the natural love and affection the transferor bears towards the transferee.
A registered conveyancer is a licensed person qualified to advise and prepare documentation pertaining to property transactions.
The process by which the ownership to an interest in land is transferred, or conveyed, from one person to another.
Crown land
Generally, land owned by the Crown (including unalienated Crown land and land that is subject to a Crown lease).
Crown land has a more restrictive meaning under the Crown Lands Act 1929. For the purpose of that act, Crown land does not include land that has been dedicated for a public purpose, or which is subject to a Crown lease or agreement to purchase.
Crown Lands Act
The statute which provides for the administration of Crown land in South Australia.
Crown lease (CL)
See title reference.
Crown record (CR)
See title reference.
Digital Cadastral Data Base.
Deposited plan
See plan type.
Diagram Book
These are large bound books containing survey plans, indexed as pages within Hundreds and unique book names. These surveys cover the original subdivision of the state into hundreds and sections under the Crown Lands Act. The index pages in the books were used as source data for the hundred / parcel search in PIERS online. Images of these plans are available from PIERS online.
Discharge of mortgage (DM)
A dealing by which a mortgagee acknowledges that the debt owed by the mortgagor and secured by a mortgage has been satisfied (usually by being repaid) and 'discharges' or releases the land from the mortgage.
Dealing prefix and description
See document prefix types (43.3 KB PDF) .
DR docket plans
These are replacement of Permanent Marks diagrams that were filed in Lands Department drawing room dockets. Images of these plans are available from PIERS Online.
Drawer plan
These are plans that were originally held by the Surveyor-General for various purposes. Images of some drawer plans are available from SAILIS. From the "Image Search" menu select "Plan Image Search". Then select "Plans Order" and choose the "Drawer Plan" Plan Type.
A right attached to the ownership of land (the dominant land or tenement) to utilise other land which is usually held by a different person (the servient land or tenement) in such a way as to benefit the dominant tenement. Examples include a right of way, or an easement for drainage or water supply.
Encumbrance (E)
- The instrument by which land is charged with or made security for, the payment of an annuity, rent-charge or sum of money (not being a debt). Frequently, an encumbrance will contain restrictive covenants aimed at controlling the future use or development of the land.
- In the generic sense, a claim, lien or liability attached to the land, including a mortgage, lease, warrant of sale, an encumbrance as described above in point 1, and, (in some cases) the interest claimed by a caveator.
The registered proprietor of an encumbrance.
The registered proprietor of land subject to an encumbrance.
Enduring power of attorney
A Power of Attorney that permits the donee or attorney to continue to act for the donor even though the donor may suffer from a legal incapacity. See also power of attorney.
Equivalent main area
The total area under the main roof with percentage reductions for structures that are considered to be a lesser component or of differing construction than the main structure - eg carports, garages, verandahs, porches and rear lean-to.
- An interest in land, classified either as a freehold estate (being one of uncertain duration) including the fee simple, fee tail or life estate; as a leasehold estate (being of a duration which is either certain or which is capable of being rendered certain). The third classification of an estate is that of a Crown lessee.
- The total property of a person - eg the estate of a deceased person or of a person who is bankrupt.
Estate or interest
See legal estate or interest. Interests include a mortgage or charge.
A person appointed by the will of a person (the testator or testatrix) to carry out the provisions of the will upon the death of the testator/testatrix. An executor/executrix cannot register a dealing with the land until the will has been proved to be the last valid will and testament of the deceased, and he or she has received a grant of representation from the court, called probate.
Fee simple
The most common freehold estate granted by the Crown. An estate in fee simple is the greatest estate in land and is for practical purposes the equivalent to absolute ownership. Note, however, that in Australia, no person other than the Crown can 'own' land absolutely.
Field book
Field books are old Lands Department records. These are filed in a storeroom adjacent to the survey examination section. They can be viewed on request at the plan lodgement counter. The Land Services Group holds an index book listing the date issued and the surveyor that the book was issued to.
Filed plan
See plan type.
Free and unrestricted right of way
A specific right of way as set out in section 89 and schedule 5 of the Real Property Act 1886.
Fruit lien
A security interest - eg a form of mortgage, granted over a fruit crop under the liens on Fruit Act 1923. Fruit liens are registered in the GRO. See lienor and lienee.
The General Registry Office. This office registers or enrols dealings with old system land, accepts various plans and written documents concerning land for deposit, for sale and perpetual custody, and registers miscellaneous other dealings such as bills of sale and stock mortgages.
GRO plan
See plan type.
Government town
A government town name forms part of a unique land description for land in gazetted towns under the Crown Lands Act. Parcels within these towns are designated as 'allotments'.
A piece of land, containing 10,000 square metres, or 2.471 acres.
Historical search
A chronological history of dealings as recorded on computerised titles and available from SAILIS.
Hundred plan
See plan type.
A measurement form that included links, feet and inches used before the introduction of the metric linear system in 1966.
See code explanation for urban and rural properties.
See encumbrance.
Indefeasibility of title
The description given to the immunity of a registered proprietor of land under the Real Property Act from attack by a competing claim to the land by some other person.
Joint tenancy
One of the two main ways in which two or more persons may hold land in co-ownership (the other being a tenancy in common). The principal features which distinguish a joint tenancy are the 'four unities' (the unities of time, title, interest and possession) and the right of survivorship, under which the surviving joint tenant(s) is (are) solely entitled to the land upon the death of the other joint tenant.
Joint tenants
Two or more people holding land under a joint tenancy. Each joint tenant is entitled to the use, possession, and enjoyment of the whole of the land, subject to the rights of the other joint tenants.
Under the RPA, the word 'land' includes every estate and interest in land. That is, the work encompasses and includes an estate in fee simple or for life, a mortgage, lease, encumbrance, or easement. A dealing with 'land' actually means a dealing with one of these estates or interests in land, and not with the actual land itself. An estate in 'land' includes permanently attached buildings and other fixtures, trees, crops, the soil beneath the surface and the air above it.
Land administration
The processes, procedures and systems relating to the administration of a land function.
Land burdened
The land that is subject to the easement - eg land which the easement is over, is referred to as the servient tenement or land upon which the burden of the easement is imposed.
Land description
Every parcel of land in the state has a unique legal description. In South Australia, most of these are based on combinations of plan/allotment or hundred / section or government town/allotment or certificate of title reference.
Land division
The process which results in the cancellation of existing and creation of new plan parcels and the issue of new certificates of title.
Lands Titles Office
The Lands Titles Office or Lands Titles Registration Office established by statute and continued in existence by the RPA to administer the provisions of that act. Also known as the LTO.
Land grant
The primary means by which the Crown alienates or grants land to its subjects. A land grant is a grant of an estate in fee simple to a person or a defined area of land. From the introduction of the first RPA in 1858 until 1 July 1995, a land grant was treated as a certificate of title and given a volume and folio reference. They are now attached inside an 'RLG' form and treated as a request for the issue of a TATS title.
Land use code
See land use code (LUC) (219.5 KB PDF)
Lease (L)
The grant by one person (the lessor or landlord) to another (the lessee or tenant) of a right to the exclusive possession of a defined portion of land for a term which is either of a certain duration or a duration which is capable of being ascertained at the commencement of the term. Rent is usually paid by the lessee, although this is not essential. The word lease is used also to describe the instrument embodying the agreement between the parties.
Legal estate or interest
An interest in or right over land which may be enforced by a court of law (as opposed to a court of equity). As a generalisation (and one which does not always hold true) a legal estate or interest in land which is under the RPA is one which is registered on a certificate of title. Examples include a registered estate in fee simple and a registered mortgage or lease.
The person or body to whom a lease is granted. A lessee is also known as a 'tenant'. For the purposes of the RPA, the word means the registered proprietor of a lease.
The person or party who grants a lease of his or her land. For the purposes of the RPA, the word means the registered proprietor of a lease.
See worker's lien.
- The person who executes and lodges a notice of lien under the Worker's Lien Act 1893. (see worker's lien).
- The grantor of a preferable lien on a fruit crop under the liens on Fruit Act 1923. (see fruit lien).
- The person (usually a registered proprietor of land under the RPA) against whose estate or interest in land a worker's lien has been lodged.
- The grantee of - eg the person who holds a preferable lien on a fruit crop under the lien's on Fruit Act 1923. (see fruit lien).
Limited title (LT)
See title reference.
Local government code (LGC)
A code between 1 and 9 is used to represent the categories of land use declared as permissible differentiating factors in the local government (general) regulations, 1999. The local government codes (LGCs) are as follows:
A local government code (LGC) is defined for each land use code (LUC) enabling above grouping of the LUC.
The grant by one person (the lessor or landlord) to another (the lessee or tenant) of a right to the exclusive possession of a defined portion of land for a term. The lessee usually pays rent, although this is not essential if the instrument is prepared as a deed. The word 'lease' is used also to describe the instrument embodying the agreement between the parties.
Long form easement
An easement that is neither a service easement nor short form easement. The exact description of the easement is set out in full in the documentation creating the easement.
LTO A, B, C and tube plans
These are plan references for surveys lodged in the LTO under the Real Property Act, prior to the Filed Plan series. Images of these plans are available through PIERS Online.
LTO docket
These dockets contain information regarding the purpose of plans lodged in the LTO. See the cross reference search in PIERS Online.
LTO or LTRO
The Lands Titles Office or Lands Titles Registration Office established by statute and continued in existence by the RPA to administer the provisions of that act.
Mineral section
This is a parcel numbering sequence, unique to the mineral claims diagram book. None of these is part of current land descriptions. See the index pages for the mineral claims diagram book, available in PIERS Online.
Mortgage (M)
The means by which the property of a debtor is made security for the payment of a debt. A mortgage may be of real or personal property. A mortgage of land under the RPA takes the form of an instrument under which the registered proprietor changes his or her interest in the land with the payment of the debt. An example of a mortgage of personal property is a bill of sale.
The creditor - ie the person to whom the debt is owed, under a mortgage. For the purposes of the RPA, the word means the registered proprietor of a mortgage.
Generally the debtor - ie the person who owes the debt, under a mortgage. For the purposes of the RPA, the word means the registered proprietor of land which is subject to a mortgage.
National electronic conveyancing project
Australia's joint government and industry initiative to create an efficient and convenient way of completing property-based transactions and lodging land title dealings for registration.
Registrar-General's notations that affect the land and require further investigation.
Notional values
Concessional property valuations available to primary producers under certain circumstances. Notional values are aimed at encouraging the retention of primary production uses on land where there is pressure to alter the use away from primary production.
Not under the act (Real Property Act). See old system land.
Objection (under the Valuation of Land Act)
A written notice served on the Valuer-General by a person who is dissatisfied with a valuation of land.
Old system land
Land which was granted by the Crown in fee simple by a land grant prior to 2 July 1858 and which has not subsequently been bought under the RPA. Dealings with such land are registered in the GRO.
One undivided moiety
A one undivided half share in land. The interest of a tenant in common. Note that, although having a distinct share in the land, this does not entitle the proprietor of the share to the exclusive ownership of any identifiable portion of it.
Out of hundred plans
See plan type.
Parent title
A cancelled title from which new child titles have issued.
Parliamentary plan
These are mostly proposal plans prepared for parliament. Only plan 313 is available on PIERS Online.
Part 7A Application
These are applications based upon the doctrine of adverse possession made in pursuance of Part 7A of the Real Property Act for title to land (held under the provisions of the Real Property Act).
See the cross reference search in PIERS Online
The Property Exchange System that provides for the national electronic lodgement and settlement of conveyancing transactions.
Plan type
- community plan (C) - a plan of community division, dividing land into lots and common property under the Community Titles Act
- deposited plan (D) - a plan deposited in the LTO, including plans of amalgamation and division and plans lodged under the Roads Opening and Closing Act 1991 and the Crown Lands Act 1929
- filed plan (F) - plan filed in the LTO - eg plan for easement purposes
- GRO plan (G) - old subdivisions lodged in the 1800's over NUA land or plans for leasing purposes
- hundred plan (H) - plans depicting the original subdivisions of the state
- out of hundred plans (H) - plans depicting the original subdivisions of the state not within hundreds
- road plan (R) - plans lodged with the Lands Titles Office depicting roads opening and closings pursuant to the Roads opening and Closing Act 1991
- strata plan (S) - a plan dividing land into units and common property under the Strata Titles Act 1988.
- town plans (T) - plans depicting the original subdivision of a government town
These are a set of rolled maps at non-metric scales that record surveys in areas where the original division of land was done prior to the Real Property Act. Images of plots are available from PIERS Online.
PM tracing
These are plans showing changes to permanent survey marks (PSM's). Images of these plans are available through PIERS Online.
Power of attorney (PA)
The formal authority conferred by a deed on one person (the donee or attorney) by another (the donor or principal) which enables the former person to act for the latter. See also enduring power of attorney.
Priority Notice
An administrative notice that is lodged with the Lands Titles Office to preserve priority for a dealing that is intended to be lodged.
Profit a'prendre
The Forest Property Act 2000 also amended the Real Property Act 1886 to allow for the registration of profits a'prendre by inserting the definition of easement includes a 'profits a'prendre'.
Profits a'prendre (profit) can now be created, varied and extinguished in the same way as an easement. A profit can be created either appurtenant to land in a certificate of title or a Crown lease, or in gross.
The notation of a profit will appear on a certificate of title under the heading of easements. If a certificate of title is to issue for the profit created, the heading and land description will also include the words PROFIT A'PRENDRE.
A profit can be lodged over the whole or portion of the land in a certificate of title or Crown lease. If lodged over a portion, a plan must be lodged and be either filed or deposited by the Registrar-General in the Lands Titles Office identifying the land the subject of the profit.
A profit can be extinguished as per any easement but may also be determined by the passage of time or the occurrence of circumstances specified in the grant.
Notice of a time frame, or of a certain occurrence, that will terminate the profit, will appear in the dominant and servient clauses for the profits and on any easement (profit) in gross title.
Unlike a lease with a certain time frame, these clauses or easement in gross titles will not automatically be deleted or cancelled once that time frame has passed. These will be deleted when a new certificate of title is to issue or an application to terminate is received.
Property interest report (PIR)
The property interest report is a unique one-stop-shop service, giving clients information about various State Government interests for all properties in South Australia. This information, along with details of interests delivered directly from state government agencies, is used to complete the required Form 1 given to purchasers of real estate prior to property settlement.
The Land and Business (Sale and Conveyancing) Act 1994 and regulations are set in place to provide consumer protection for those purchasing property in South Australia. Section 7 of the act identifies the requirement for a statement of government interests to be served by a vendor or their agent, on a purchaser prior to settlement in the required Form 1.
The property interest report comprises the following items:
- report listing the necessary particulars to assist with the completion of Form 1 for the sale of a property
- title and valuation details and a check search providing details on any registered or unregistered dealings lodged within the previous 90 days
- a copy of the certificate of title
- a land tax certificate
- emergency services levy certificate
- SA Water certificate
- the property interest report can be ordered using SAILIS or from Land Services, 101 Grenfell Street, Adelaide. A property interest report refresh is also available that provides an instant update to confirm any changes to the original property interest report within 90 days of the initial request.
The owner of an estate or interest in land. See also registered proprietor.
PSM locality plan
These contain sketches, originally done on A5 cards showing the location of permanent survey marks (PSM's). These are supplied to help locate marks and contain no survey data. Images of these plans are available through PIERS Online.
Rack plan
These are plans that were originally held by the Surveyor-General for various purposes. Images of some rack plans are available through PIERS Online.
Real Property Act 1886
The statute which presently governs the registration of dealings with land held under the Torrens System.
Register book
The records maintained by the Registrar-General pursuant to the RPA in relation to land under the Torrens System. The register book includes both manual and computerised certificates of title and all registered instruments.
Registered estate or interest
An estate or interest which has been registered under the provisions of the RPA and for which a certificate of title (or a registration thereon) exists. A registered estate or interest is one which is endowed with the benefit of indefeasibility of title and is guaranteed by the government.
Registered proprietor
Any person appearing in the register book or by any registered instrument of title to be the proprietor of land or of a mortgage, encumbrance or lease.
Register search
A search of the 'register book' maintained by the Registrar-General.
The official charged by the Real Property Act with the responsibility for the administration of that act. The Registrar-General (who is responsible to the Attorney-General and ultimately to parliament) acts through officers of the Land Titles Office who have been delegated his or her powers, duties and functions.
Registration (under the Real Property Act)
Register any instrument purporting to transfer or otherwise deal with or affect any estate or interest in land under the provisions of the Real Property Act.
Registration confers indefeasibility of title. Effectively, a transferee or mortgagee seeking registration of a transfer or mortgage seeks State affirmation -eg government guarantee, of his or her position through registration.
Re-lodgement date
The new lodgement date for a dealing that has been temporarily withdrawn.
A formal written request by a Land Services Group officer.
A requisition may require the following:
- completion, correction or alteration of the instrument
- production of muniments of title, documentary evidence or declarations
- clarification of the intention of the parties and of the certifying party
- submission of a legal opinion to support or substantiate the instrument
- some other actions be performed eg - the temporary withdrawal of the requisitioned instrument, or the withdrawal of a caveat affecting the estate or interest being dealt with.
The Registrar-General may refuse to proceed with the registration of the instrument until the requisition is complied with.
Right of way
A specific type of easement which confers a right of carriage over another parcel of land (which is normally in different ownership).
Road plans
See plan type.
Roads (Opening and Closing) Act
The South Australian statute which governs the opening and closing of public streets and roads.
RPA search
These are packets, or envelopes, containing information about limited titles. The view an RPA Search go to SAILIS, and from the "Image Search" menu choose "Plan Image Search" and select the "Cross Reference" option. From the "Reference Type" drop-down menu select "RPA Search".
Rural improvements code
See code explanation for urban and rural properties (32.0 KB PDF).
The South Australian Integrated Land Information System that supports the State's survey, titling and valuation functions and provides online access to property information including Certificates of Titles, Plans and Dealings.
Sales details
Complete sales details have only been recorded since April 1985. Sale date refers to document date not necessarily the date of settlement of the property.
SA Water Special Meter Reading
A non-periodic reading of a property's water meter.
SD docket plan
These are plans filed in old survey division dockets, showing the replacement of permanent marks. Images of plans in SD1 are available through PIERS.
This is a land parcel identifier, part of a legal description for land subdivided by the government within hundreds.
Section 7
A section of the Land and Business (Sale and Conveyancing) Act 1994 that identifies the requirement for a statement of government interests to be served by a vendor or their agent, on a purchaser prior to settlement. The property interest report provides information to comply with this requirement.
Service easement
An easement as set out in Section 223LG of the Real Property Act 1886.
Short form easement
S.89A of the Real Property Act 1886 provides for a short form description to be used on a plan and title. Where used, the short from wording incorporates the corresponding long form description of that easement as set out in the 6th schedule of the Real Property Act 1886.
Site value
'Site value' is the value of a parcel of land excluding structural improvements.
Sixth schedule easement
A specific easement as set out in Schedule 6 of the Real Property Act 1886.
SMR is an abbreviation for special meter reading, see SA Water special meter reading.
Special resolution
Special resolution is defined within the Strata Titles Act 1988 and the Community Titles Act 1996. It takes place at a meeting where all members are present and entitled to vote.
Members must be given at least 14 days written notice and over 75% of the total votes cast must be in favour of the resolution (proposal) for it to be passed. Where there are 3 units or lots, 2 votes in favour of the resolution are required for it to be passed.
State Valuation Office (SVO)
A business unit within the SA Government, that provides valuation services.
Examples, see caveats and liens.
Strata plan (S)
See plan type.
Strata corporation
A corporation created by the deposit of a strata plan and consisting of the registered proprietors of the units defined on the plan.
Street types
See street types (17.7 KB PDF) for abbreviation used.
Survey Act
The statute that provides for the licensing and registration of surveyors and makes provisions relating to surveying and land boundaries.
Survey graphic index
The survey graphic index is a series of maps (mostly standard 1:2500 series) annotated with numbers representing survey plans. The reverse side of the plan contains a cross-reference from the number to the actual plan reference. In some cases, only a search or document or docket or application reference is provided. Use the cross-reference search on SAILIS to check for plan references.
Survey graphic index sheets are available in SAILIS.
The official charged by the Survey Act with certain responsibilities under that act.
Survey plan
Plan showing survey marks and certified correct by a licensed surveyor.
Survey plan image
Survey Plan Images contain scanned images of survey plans. These plans show the boundary measurements of properties as well as other information used by surveyors.
Upon the death of one joint tenant, the remaining interest in the land is transmitted to the surviving joint tenant(s).
For example, if A and B own land as joint tenants and A dies, then B will become the sole registered proprietor.
Unless 'shares' are shown on the certificate of title, the ownership is joint tenancy and survivorship will apply.
Tenancy in common
One of the two main ways in which two or more persons may hold land in co-ownership (the other being a joint tenancy). Each tenant is entitled to a distinct but undivided share in the land. Note that, although having a distinct share in the land, this does not entitle the proprietor of the share to the exclusive ownership of any identifiable portion of it. There is no right of survivorship under a tenancy in common, and on the death of a tenant in common his or her share will pass according to his or her will or, in the absence of a will, according to the laws of intestacy.
A right to the possession of property which may be enforced by legal action. See certificate of title.
Title reference
- Certificate of title (CT) - a certificate issued pursuant to the RPA, which certifies that the person named therein as the registered proprietor has title to the land described in the certificate. It can exist in a manual (Imperial or Metric) or computerised format. The original title is retained by the Lands Titles Office.
- Community title (CT) - a certificate of title for a community lot, community strata lot, development lot or common property in a community plan.
- Crown lease (CL) - a lease of Crown land authorised by statute (eg the Crown Lands Act 1929). Crown leases are dealt with in a similar way to certificates of title.
- Crown record (CR) -a computerised record of un-alienated crown land. It must not be confused with a certificate of title (to which it bears some superficial visual resemblance).
- Limited title (LT) - a certificate of title issued as part of the conversion process from the old system, where either survey data or proof of ownership is insufficient to issue a regular certificate of title.
Torrens title system
The system employed in all Australian jurisdictions under which title to land is conferred by the official registration of a dealing in that land. The fundamental principles of the system are:
- that it is the act of the Registrar-General in registering a dealing which passes the legal title to land or creates legal interests therein
- that registration confers indefeasibility of title
- that it is not necessary for a person intending to deal with the land to investigate the history of a registered proprietor's title and
- that the title is guaranteed by the government, such that should a person be deprived of an interest in land, he or she will be paid monetary compensation.
The system is named after its creator, Robert Torrens, who introduced it in South Australia in 1858.
Town plans
See plan type.
A dealing lodged in the LTO that contains authorisation for the transfer of an interest in a property. Some of these dealings are associated with survey plans.
The person transferring any land, mortgage or lease.
The person to whom any land, lease or mortgage is transferred.
The passing of title to land (or an interest therein such as a mortgage or lease) in any manner other than by transfer. For example, on the death of a sole registered proprietor, his or her estate or interest in the land is transmitted to his or her executor or administrator.
Urban improvements code
See code explanation for urban and rural properties (32.0 KB PDF).
If you have queries on building improvements, please contact your nearest LSG office.
Valuation of Land Act
The statute which provides for the valuation of properties for rating and taxing purposes.
The official charged by the Valuation of Land Act with the responsibility for the administration of that act.
- Site value - the value of the land including site improvements (such as levelling, retaining walls and clearing of timber) but excluding structural improvement.
- Capital value - the value of the land including all improvements permanently attached to the ground (such as buildings and sheds). The Capital value is used by Rating Authorities as the basis for the levying of rates, taxes and other imposts. The value is determined annually and based on the analysis of market evidence.
- Notional value - concessional property valuations that protect existing uses where there is pressure to alter the use away from the current use or the current zoning allows for a more valuable use. The notional value will disregard any potential enhancements to value including existing land divisions. The lower notional value will be used by rating authorities to provide rate relief to the owners. Refer to the Valuation of Land Act 1971 Section 22A and 22B.
The types of notional values are:
- Residential - to qualify the owner must be a natural person and the property is their principal place of residence.
- Rural - to qualify the land must be genuinely used for the 'business of primary production'.
- Heritage - to qualify the land must form part of the state heritage as defined under Section 22B of the Valuation of Land Act 1971.
- Native vegetation - granted under the Native Vegetation Act 1993. To qualify an agreement must be registered on the certificate of title under Section 23 of the act.
Please note that a combination of notional value types for a particular parcel of land will be granted where applicable.
Worker's lien
A worker's lien may be claimed by a person in accordance with the
Worker's Lien Act 1893 for unpaid wages or the contract price for work done or services provided or materials supplied to the land with the assent of the owner or occupier of the land. A notice of lien (LN) is registered in the GRO and, if the lienee is the registered proprietor of the land to which the lien relates, a notification of it is made on the certificate of title. Until withdrawn or otherwise removed, a lien has the effect of a caveat.
Zone code
A code used to signify how a property or area has been zoned. Zones exist for development and planning purposes and signify what use or uses a given property (or properties within an area) may be put to - eg residential, commercial. Further detail is available from DPTI (Planning Division).


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More Procedures = Higher Premiums and Higher Costs
Hospital Discharge Survey: Hip and Knee Joint Replacement Procedures
- From 1996 to 2006, the hospital discharge rate for total hip replacement increased by one-third, and the discharge rate for knee replacement increased by 70%.
- In 2006, total hip replacement rates were similar among men (18.1 discharges per 10,000 population) and women (20.5) . Discharges for partial hip procedures were about twice as common among women
(23.9 per 10,000 for age 45 years and over) as men (13.0 per 10,000). Partial hip procedures, which are often used to treat fractures, were also more common among older persons.
- In 2006, knee replacement discharges were more common among women 45 years of age and over (54.0 per 10,000) than men (34.9). As with hip replacement procedures, knee replacement discharges were more than three times as high for those 65 years of age and over (84.1), compared with those 45–64 years of age (25.7).
Source: CDC/NCHS, National Hospital Discharge Survey.
Publication: Health, United States, 2009. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus09.pdf#specialfeature
Extension of the Medicare Physician Payment Update
President Signs Into Law Temporary Extension of COBRA Premium Subsidy, Unemployment Insurance, and Medicare Physician Payment Update
President Obama signed into law on March 2, 2010 a bill to temporarily extend emergency unemployment benefits, the COBRA premium subsidy program, and a Medicare physician payment update, along with other programs, all of which had expired on February 28. The "Temporary Extension Act of 2010" (H.R. 4691), which was passed by the Senate on March 2 and the House on February 25, continues the emergency unemployment compensation program through April 5, 2010. It also extends the 65% COBRA premium subsidy included in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) (P.L. 111-5) through March 31, 2010. In addition, the law expands eligibility for the COBRA premium subsidy to certain individuals who are involuntarily terminated after they experience a qualifying event of reduction in hours. Also included in the law is an extension of the Medicare physician payment update, which sustains current Medicare payment rates for physicians (preventing a 21% payment reduction) through March 31, 2010.
The full text of H.R. 4691 is available here.
Areas of Agreement
Editor's note: Maybe so, but it is all about the details and what it takes to change anyone of these items. There is massive interconnection in the health care system.
- Areas of Agreement in Health Reform Legislation
Percent saying it is "extremely" or "very important" that each element be passed into law:
|At least six in ten in each group believe important
|1. Reforming the way health insurance works
|2. Providing tax credits to small businesses
|3. Creating a health insurance exchange/marketplace
|4. Helping close the Medicare "doughnut hole"
|5. Expanding high risk insurance pools
|At least six in ten in two groups believe important
|6. Providing financial help for low/middle income
Note: Question wording abbreviated.
Data Source: Kaiser Family Foundation Health Tracking Poll (conducted February 11-16, 2010).
Publication: Kaiser Family Foundation, February 23, 2010. http://www.kff.org/kaiserpolls/posr022310nr.cfm
Is This the Same Fox in Sheep's Clothing
Washington (CNN) — The Obama administration raised the stakes in the health care debate Monday, releasing a new blueprint that seeks to bridge the gap between measures passed by the Senate and House of Representatives last year. If enacted, the president's sweeping compromise plan would constitute the biggest expansion of federal health care guarantees since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid more than four decades ago.
The White House said it would extend coverage to 31 million Americans. Among other things, the White House said it would expand Medicare prescription drug coverage, increase federal subsidies to help people buy insurance and give the federal government new authority to block excessive rate hikes by health insurance companies. It increases the threshold — relative to the Senate bill — under which a tax on high-end health insurance plans would kick in. As with both the House and Senate plans, it includes significant reductions in Medicare spending in part through changes in payments made under the Medicare Advantage program.
President Obama's plan does not include a government-run public health insurance option, an idea strongly backed by liberal Democrats but fiercely opposed by both Republicans and key Democratic moderates. It also eliminates a deeply unpopular provision in the Senate bill worked in by Sen. Ben Nelson, D-Nebraska, that would exempt his Midwestern state from paying increased Medicaid expenses.
Administration officials said Obama's measure would cut the deficit by $100 billion over the next 10 years. They estimate the total cost of the bill to be $950 billion in the next decade. The Senate bill would cost an estimated $871 billion, according to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office, while the more expansive House plan has been estimated to cost more than $1 trillion. (A DEFICIT REDUCTION IS NOT A TAX CUT. THERE ARE BETWEEN $871 AND $950 BILLION OF TAX INCREASES.)
The release of Obama's plan sets the stage for a critical televised health care summit Thursday with top congressional Republicans. The White House is trying to pressure GOP leaders to present a detailed alternative proposal in advance of the meeting. "We view this as the opening bid for the health meeting" on Thursday, White House communications director Dan Pfeiffer told reporters. "We took our best shot at bridging the differences" between the House and Senate bills. "It is our hope the Republicans will come together around [their] plan and post it online" before the meeting.
Pfeiffer said Obama will come to Thursday's meeting "with an open mind." The president's willing to back decent Republican ideas if the two sides can have an "honest, open, substantive discussion" in which "both parties can get off their talking points," he said.
GOP leaders have indicated they will attend the meeting but have urged Democrats to scrap the Senate and House bills completely. They characterized Obama's proposal Monday as setting the stage for a meeting that will amount to little more than political posturing. "The president has crippled the credibility of this week's summit by proposing the same massive government takeover of health care based on a partisan bill the American people have already rejected," said House Minority Leader John Boehner, R-Ohio.
"This new Democrats-only backroom deal doubles down on the same failed approach that will drive up premiums, destroy jobs, raise taxes and slash Medicare benefits. This week's summit clearly has all the makings of a Democratic infomercial." Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Kentucky, released a statement calling the plan "disappointing that Democrats in Washington either aren't listening or are completely ignoring what Americans across the country have been saying."
White House press secretary Robert Gibbs dismissed the GOP criticisms, arguing that Republican leaders had asked for this week's meeting for months. "If they're not the party of no, Thursday's the perfect venue to be the party of yes," Gibbs said. Highlights of Obama's proposal Under Obama's plan:
• The health and human services secretary would work with a seven-member board of doctors, economists and consumer and insurance representatives to review premium hikes. This Health Insurance Rate Authority would provide an annual report to recommend to states whether certain rate increases should be approved, although the secretary could overrule state insurance regulators. (WHAT ABOUT STATES RIGHTS? MORE OF A FEDERAL TAKEOVER OF HEALTHCARE.)
• New health insurance subsidies would be provided to families of four making up to $88,000 annually, or 400 percent of the federal poverty level. Compared with the Senate bill, Obama's proposal lowers premiums for families making between $44,000 and $66,000, according to the White House. Compared with the House legislation, it lowers premiums for families making between $55,000 and $88,000.
• The Medicare prescription drug "doughnut hole" would be closed by 2020. Under current law, Medicare stops covering drug costs after a plan and beneficiary have spent more than $2,830 on prescription drugs. It starts paying again after an individual's out-of-pocket expenses exceed $4,550. (ONE WAY THEY PROPOSE TO DO THIS IS TO ELIMINATE THE 28% TAX DEDCUTIBILITY FOR COMPANIES WHO FUND RETIREE DRUG BENEFITS. WHEN THIS WAS PUT IN, IT WAS DEMONSTRATED THAT WITHOUT IT, EMPLOYERS WOULD CEASE SPONSORING RETIREE DRUG PLANS.)
• A 40 percent tax would be imposed on insurance companies providing so-called "Cadillac" health plans valued at more than $27,000 for families. The tax would kick in starting in 2018 for all plans. In contrast, the Senate bill would apply the tax to plans valued at more than $23,000 for families. The House bill does not include the tax, which labor unions vehemently oppose. (EMPLOYERS WILL NOT PAY THIS EXCISE TAX. THEY WILL CONTINUALLY SKINNY DOWN THE BENEFITS OFFERED, SHIFTING THE COST TO EMPLOYEES. THEY WILL DO THIS TO AVOID PAYING THIS TAX. PEOPLE WILL PAY THIS COST DIRECTLY.)
• The federal government would assist states by picking up 100 percent of the costs of expanded Medicaid coverage through 2017. The federal government would cover 95 percent of costs for 2018 and 2019, and 90 percent in the following years. (SO WHERE WILL THE STATES COME UP WITH THESE INCREMENTAL MANDATED DOLLARS?)
• Health insurance exchanges would be created to make it easier for small businesses, the self-employed and unemployed to pool resources and purchase less expensive coverage.
• Total out-of-pocket expenses would be limited, and insurance companies would be prevented from denying coverage for pre-existing conditions. Insurers would be barred from charging higher premiums based on a person's gender or medical history. (LIMITING OUT OF POCKED EXPENSES? SEE STANDARD MEDICARE DEDUCTIBLES OR HIGH DEDUCTIBLE HEALTH PLAN FEDERALLY MANDATED OUT OF POCKET DEDUCTIBLES AND MAXIMUMS IN THE HEALTH SAVINGS ACCOUNT ELIGIBLE PLANS. IS THIS WHAT WE ARE ALL HEADED TOWARDS IRRESPECTIVE OF INCOME?)
• Individuals under Obama's plan would be required to purchase coverage or face a fine of up to $695 or 2.5 percent of income starting in 2016, whichever is greater. The House bill, in contrast, would have imposed a fine of up to 2.5 percent of an individual's income. The Senate plan would have required a person to buy coverage or face a fine of up to $750 or 2 percent of his or her income. All three plans include a hardship exemption for poorer Americans. (BACK TO INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS — CAN THE GOVERNMENT REQUIRE PEOPLE TO PURCHASE CERTAIN GOODS AND SERVICES?)
• Companies with more than 50 employees under Obama's plan would be required to pay a fee of $2,000 per worker if the company does not provide coverage and any of that company's workers receives federal health care subsidies. The first 30 workers would be subtracted from the payment calculation. As with the individual requirement, this represents a compromise between the House and Senate plans.
• Some $40 billion in tax credits would be established for small businesses to help them provide health care options for their employees.
• States could choose whether to ban abortion coverage in plans offered in the health insurance exchanges. Individuals purchasing plans through the exchanges would have to pay for abortion coverage out of their own funds. The White House is following the Senate's lead. The stricter House version banned abortion coverage in private policies available in the exchange to people receiving federal subsidies. (IS THIS A REAL DIFFERENCE FROM NOT FUNDING ABORTIONS? SO LONG AS ABORTIONS ARE LEGAL, I SUPPOSE ANYONE CAN PAY FOR THEM. THIS AMOUNT TO TREATING PEOPLE WHO DO NOT HAVE THE MEANS DIFFERENTLY. IF THAT IS OKAY HERE, WHY ARE WE PROVIDING SUBSIDIES FOR SOME THINGS AND NOT FOR OTHERS?)
• Illegal immigrants would not be allowed to buy health insurance in the health insurance exchanges. They would be exempted from the individual insurance mandate. As with abortion, the White House is adopting the Senate's language.
Health Reform Act II
Editor's note: Here is what apparently is going on behind the scenes to try to move health reform forward. From this report it appears that the 'Health Summit' is simply political maneuvering, there will still be significant Medicare cuts, and a cadillac tax that will cause health plans to slim down their coverage over time and shift more cost to the consumer.
WHERE IT STANDS – President Obama, House Speaker Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Reid are preparing to begin the reconciliation process after next week's bipartisan White House health care summit. 'They are coming out of the summit guns-a-blazing and they're committed to reconciliation,' said one Democratic insider. All three are dedicated to comprehensive reform, but Reid and White House chief of staff Rahm Emanuel are cautioning that 'it's going to be a heavier lift than a lot of people expect it to be,' said a senior Democratic official. 'It's going to cause political problems.' Not the least of which is how Democrats pivot to reconciliation, a procedure Republicans view as a partisan ramrod, shortly after Obama hosts the GOP to talk about bipartisan solutions. Right now, Democratic leaders are considering a $200 billion reconciliation bill that includes more affordability subsidies, the union-tweaked Cadillac tax and filling in the gap in seniors' drug coverage, which would be paid for primarily by additional Medicare cuts and an increase in Medicare payroll taxes above those in the Senate bill, an insider said. Still, Democratic sources stress that neither Pelosi nor Reid know if they have the votes to pass a reconciliation bill. And despite rumors that a House-Senate deal is imminent, a senior Democratic aide said there is virtually no chance it gets done before next week's summit. That leaves insiders suspecting that Obama will release a set of principals or conceptual language that includes the greatest hits from the House and Senate bills.
Fee for Service Needs to Change to Fee for Care
Lower Medicare Fees Do Not Increase Volume Of Patient Care
However, reimbursement rates were shown to affect the kind of services and tests provided.
The 'Doc Fix' and the AMA
Editor's note: While the proposed HIRE Act postpones the Medicare reimbursement cut (of 21%) to physicians, the AMA is condemning the short-sighted nature of the proposal. Congress has continually applied a patchwork fix to the issue. They ulimately will need to decide to take one direction or another on this very thorny issue.
AMA calls for permanent fix to Medicare fee cuts for doctors
The American Medical Association condemned what it called the Senate's short-term fix to block the 21% cut in Medicare reimbursements for doctors. The group said the provision, which is included in the Senate jobs bill, is a short-sighted solution that "increases the size of the cut and cost of reform and makes it very difficult for physicians to care for seniors and military families." The AMA instead endorsed a measure tied to the health reform legislation that offers a permanent solution to the payment formula. BusinessWeek/Bloomberg (2/10)
The 'Doc Fix' is in the HIRE Act
Extension of Expiring Health Care Provisions.
The draft HIRE Act also extends health provisions, a number of which expired at the end of 2009. These provisions include a seven-month extension of the sustainable growth rate update formula. Without this fix, physicians participating in Medicare face a 21 percent reduction in payments. The bill also extends the exceptions process for Medicare therapy caps and extends payment provisions for mental health providers, ambulance services, physicians in areas where the work geographic practice cost index (GPCI) is below 1.0, certain physician pathology services, the rural hospital flexibility (Flex) program, improved payments for outpatient services in hospitals in rural areas, direct billing for Indian health service providers, Medicare hospital wage index reclassifications under the section 508 program, provisions concerning long-term acute care hospital services, and certain Medicare Advantage plans, including special needs plans, cost plans and senior housing programs. The draft bill would also provide an accreditation exemption for certain pharmacies that furnish durable medical equipment and would clarify eligibility for physician health information technology incentive payments. And finally, the draft bill would keep the 2009 federal poverty guidelines to protect people in means-tested programs from losing benefits and includes a provision to disregard refundable tax credits and refunds as income for twelve months from receipt. The total cost of the health extenders provisions is about $10 billion over ten years.
Prices Don't Drive Regional Medicare Spending Variations:
How much of the variation in Medicare spending can be explained by Medicare's paying more to compensate for the higher cost of goods and services in high-spending areas? An article in Health Affairsanalyses Medicare spending after adjusting for local price differences in 306 hospital referral regions. The price-adjustment analysis resulted in less variation in what Medicare pays regionally, but not much. The findings suggest that utilization – not local price differences – drives Medicare regional payment variations.
Technical report Appendix data
'Perverse incentive' in current health care system, says expert
McAllen, Texas (CNN) — Even as the health care debate turns to blood sport in Washington, some analysts say the debate is ignoring one of the leading causes of rising costs: the way health care providers are paid.
"They are rewarded for more services, not better services. They are rewarded for more care, not better care," said Dr. Elliott Fisher, a lead researcher for the Dartmouth University Atlas of Health. "Most of the U.S. health system is paid simply for each service, regardless of the results of that service."
The result is what Fisher calls a "perverse incentive" to order more medical services. That may bring a doctor or hospital a healthier bottom line, but it does not provide any better health for patients while driving up costs.

subset: commoncrawl


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I am writing to highlight a number of concerns
in relation to the above draft bill. I hope that, as Chair of
the Joint Scrutiny Committee considering this proposed legislation,
you will consider these concerns in your deliberations.
WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) is the world's
largest and most effective conservation organisation. We believe
that the draft bill in its current form is a missed opportunity.
Financial services have a highly significant
impact on the environment. Five hundred of the world's largest
businesses currently control 25 per cent of the planet's output
in terms of GDP. Among the world's top 100 economies in 1995-96,
no fewer than 51 were businesses and 49 were countries. These
businesses are at the core of global environmental concerns, yet
they could be a force for positive change rather than destructive
WWF believes that socially responsible investment
has enormous potential to conserve endangered species and habitats,
and to change the way business and industry operate. It is highly
disappointing, therefore, that the draft bill fails to make any
reference to the way in which regulation of financial services
and markets could help to promote sustainable development, as
highlighted by the Rio Earth Summit in 1992.
There are a number of ways in which WWF believes
the draft bill could be amended to do this as follows:
12 March 1999


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A young boy wandering with a band of gypsies is endangered when a royal proclamation grants people permission to shoot gypsies on sight. Benny Haag plays Inge and his twin brother Arild, the latter who fights with his father against the "undesirables." The father sends mercenaries to wipe out the gypsies, unaware his own son is among those slated to be executed when captured. The gypsies are portrayed as the heroes, while the blonde Swedes are...more
All Vargens Tid cast + crew photos
Movies.com, the ultimate source for everything movies, is your destination for new movie trailers, reviews, photos, times, tickets + more! Stay in the know with the latest movie news and cast interviews at Movies.com.
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Following the earthquake in Bohol and the Jolanda Typhoon in Cebu, the Department of Tourism of the Philippine Government has asked the World Bank for technical assistance in determining the multi-hazard vulnerability of built heritage in the two Islands and in the historic centre of Manila.
Professor Dina D'Ayala, of UCL's Department of Civil, Environmental & Geomatic Engineering, is part of the team lead by Arch. Patrizia Barucco of ARS Progetti (Roma, Italy) which won the World Bank bid and are delivering the project, in collaboration with the Centre for Conservation of Cultural Property and Environment in the Tropics (CCCPET) – University of Santo Tomas, and the University of La Salle.
The team spent the past week on site studying the construction details and current damage state of some of the iconic timber and coral stone churches of the Spanish colonial period that were damaged in the Bohol earthquake of 2013. The team also met with Senator Pia Cayetano, Chair of the Culture Committee and Senator Loren Legarda, Chair of the Finance Committee, to discuss the future impact of the project and dissemination and implementation of the results. The project was announced to the Senate.
The project will deliver guidelines for the systematic uptake of multi-hazard vulnerability assessment in projects related to the conservation of Philippines' building heritage. This second mission of the project was concluded by a two-day workshop on seismic vulnerability assessment.


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The schoolgirls of Scandal are all grown up and it's time to get personal
By Melanie Leung
Japanese all-girl rock band Scandal named their new album Hello World for a reason: after a decade in the music scene, they've taken off their high school uniforms and have become international stars. "When I open my eyes, I'll find a brand-new me / I can draw any picture right now," they sing in the album's lead single, Image.
Two weeks ago, they ended their first headlining world tour to the overwhelmingly loud cheers of Hong Kong fans. The five-month tour took them to places they've never visited before - Germany, Mexico, South Korea and Taiwan - and it's opened them up to music around the world. "I really like Cafe Tacuba," says Tomomi Ogawa, referring to the Mexican band.
But out of all their tours, Hong Kong is always a highlight. They have been here five times, and they keep coming back for one thing.
Before every Hong Kong performance, the band offers a suckling pig to the gods for their blessing. "We love suckling pig. It's super delicious," says Haruna Ono. Her band mates - fellow guitarist Mami Sasazaki, bassist Ogawa and drummer Rina Suzuki - nod earnestly beside her.
The girls have come a long way since they met at a vocal and dance school in Osaka back in 2006. They began as regular buskers in Osaka Castle Park, and gradually moved onto bigger stages in clubs and music halls. By 2008, they were performing at anime conventions in Hong Kong, the United States and France. In 2012, just six years after forming their band, they performed at the prestigious Nippon Budokan.
With their high-energy music and kawaii singing, several of their songs have also been featured on popular anime series such as Bleach and Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood.
Sitting comfortably with Young Post in a posh hotel, Scandal fondly recalls their busking days. "It's really good mental training," says Suzuki. "People have no reason to listen to you so you really have to make sure your music is good and keep a positive attitude."
Ono kept that positivity when she decided to straighten her teeth. Not even bothering with Invisalign, she wore old-school braces while filming music videos and appearing on TV. "I had thought it over before I made the decision [to have braces], so I wasn't ashamed to show up in front of cameras wearing them," says Ono, who now boasts a perfect smile. She was inspired by Yuki, lead singer of the '90s band Judy and Mary, to be confident about her braces.
Some fans on Reddit say they miss her crooked teeth, but Ono says fixing them has helped her to become a better singer.
After churning out six studio albums in six years, Scandal decided to make Hello World a more personal record. Each member wrote and sang an original track to show off their individuality. It even gave a chance for Suzuki to get out from behind her drum kit during their concert and play guitar while singing Oyasumi (Goodnight).
The girls are busy writing more songs, and their new single Stamp! will be released on July 22.
A new album is already in the works, and it's a no-brainer that Scandal will soon be back in Hong Kong for another sold-out concert … and more suckling pig, of course.
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Topsy Turvy Animal Birthday Cake (16251)
Our popular animal theme cake returns – this time in topsy turvy form. This 3 tier cake was inspired by our 1st birthday animal cake and includes a zebra, lion and giraffe. The top tier is decorated in white fondant with blue, green, yellow and red polka dots. The middle tier is covered in blue fondant and a stitched number one. The final tier includes stripes in mixed colors.
This cake has includes non-traditional jelly beans around the base of each tier. Flavors included red velvet with vanilla buttercream and smores.
Happy 1st Birthday Dalton!


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But for some, caffeine becomes a consuming habit they can't shake.
"As long as I can remember, I would start my day with caffeine," said recovering caffeine addict Sarah K. "I would have anywhere between 10 to 15 cups to servings a day."
Sarah is a diagnosed caffeine addict and is actually in treatment at a program at Johns Hopkins University's school of medicine. She knew she had a problem when ... "I literally would make choices throughout the day -- even certain restaurants I would go to, or certain friends' houses -- making sure that the caffeine beverages would be there."
Sarah is one of dozens taking part in a Johns Hopkins study that tracks caffeine withdrawal symptoms. Dr. Chad Reissig is one of the researchers.
"Even though it's widely available and it's legal, it is a very real drug," said Dr. Reissig.
Dr. Reissig and his colleagues are trying to get caffeine withdrawal included as an official, clinical diagnosis in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. There is research showing caffeine can have possible benefits for some people in moderation.
So how much is too much? And how can you tell if you're addicted?
"The most telling sign is if they try and quit or decrease their consumption and they're not able to, or they feel that their use of caffeine is disrupting some aspect of their life," said Dr. Reissig.
Addicts suffer withdrawal symptoms, which can be incredibly debilitating.
"The classic hallmark of caffeine withdrawal is headache, general confusion, fatigue, lethargy. nausea, vomiting," said Dr. Reissig.
At Johns Hopkins, Sarah and other participants are put on a treatment plan and a daily diary to monitor caffeine consumption, coping strategies to help curb cravings. And they begin what Dr Reissig calls "caffeine fading."
Until they reach their goal. Many, like Sarah, decide to keep some caffeine in their diet.
"It's great to see from your caffeine diaries that you're down to about 25 percent of what you initially started at. You've reached your goal, so good job," said Dr. Reissig.
If your plan includes decaf, there are test strips that promise to let you know what you're drinking. We tested four cups of coffee at a lab with Boston University professor Scott Schaus. Once he confirmed two as caffeinated and two as decaf, he dipped the strips for a few seconds.
"The strips, in fact, do work. They will indicate whether or not your cup of coffee is caffeinated," said Schauss.
Sarah says she'll look for the strips to help keep her on track.
"At this time, I feel like I have a really healthy relationship with caffeine. I usually have about a serving or so of it a day," said Sarah.
Patients like Sarah visit the clinic five times for their treatment. Dr. Reissig's study is ongoing.
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in riding car driving. sometime we need trusted auto insurance and law in USA. we may have heard the strategy of the 'mistake of fact' defence used by someone when you can actually have broken the law, but due to additional circumstances it is not responsible for legally. But even if you are not liable for a violation of speeding yet you can defend against him sometimes.
So is the question you want answered how to use this type of defense strategy?
You must demonstrate that there are circumstances outside of its control to get your traffic violation.
For speeding tickets, one of the most common ways that is used is because of the speed limit sign is somehow blocked or moved. After a storm has tree branch could be covered the sign or is completely reduced. In this case you aren't ain't on the speed limit or do something evil. It is a good idea as soon as possible to return to where the signal is blocked or missing and try to take pictures to defend yourself.
This also happens with tickets where you might have been able to stop. An example of this scenario is where the white lines showing where stop could be desvanecidas. Imaging will work best to tell the judge he.
People tend to find that in many situations, as these judges will be understanding. You must take care that you do not admit that short traffic that were driving the speed limit registered as noted.Instead, the case that the County did not meet its responsibility you as the driver.
In vary rarely, this defence can be used when the speed limit signs are changing and turn out to be one of drivers with the tab for that day. This is not a completely strong defence but it is an option which could be used.
we can find more information about traffic tickets in Paytrafficviolation.com
Posted by 5:45 AM, Published at


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Symptoms of interstitial lung disease include dry coughs and shortness of breath, explains MedicineNet. Once the disease becomes advanced enough, fingers may become clubbed and the heart enlarged.
There are very few specific symptoms associated with interstitial lung disease, states MedicineNet. A dry cough and shortness of breath are directly related to damage to the inner lining of the lungs. This lack of oxygen can then cause fatigue and weight loss, although these symptoms can be indicative of a variety of diseases. The heart enlarges to compensate for the oxygen loss, and the fingertips club and swell.
Interstitial lung disease occurs when the interstitial tissue of the lung air sacs scars and thickens, making it difficult to breathe and inhibiting oxygen intake to the rest of the body, according to Mayo Clinic. There are many causes including rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis and lupus. It can also occur as a result of coal, silica or grain dust; mold; asbestos fibers; and certain medications such as chemotherapy drugs and some antibiotics. Although treatments can improve the symptoms, there is no cure for the disease other than a lung transplant. Anti-inflammatory medications can slow the scarring of the lungs, and oxygen therapy can reintroduce oxygen to the body and ease breathing.


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We set out to revive the art of traditional ice cream making, using ingredients perfected by nature, not science. Our ice creams are made with just a handful of fresh ingredients, and each flavor is a celebration of some of the worlds best artisan producers and farmers. We make all our ice creams from scratch in Greenpoint, Brooklyn. The Classic scoops are crafted with nothing more than fresh milk and cream, cane sugar and egg yolks. The Vegan scoops are made with house made cashew milk, organic coconut milk, organic extra virgin coconut oil, organic cane sugar, pure cocoa butter and organic carob bean. Both recipes result in a rich, decadent, naturally perfect ice cream.
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Licensed Clinical Social Worker #17318
California State University, Fullerton – BA Sociology
California State University, Long Beach – MS Social Work
National Association of Social Workers (NASW)
American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC)
|– Sexual Abuse Issues
|– Women's Issues
|– Verbal and Physical Abuse
|– Domestic Violence
|– Depression
|– Anxiety
|– Marriage
|– Trauma
|– Working With Children
Trish has been working as a therapist since 1988 and received her license in 1992. She has worked in a variety of fields, including the Foster Care system, children and adult inpatient settings, and Department of Mental Health in Fullerton and Riverside. Most recently, she co-founded SPARE Ministries and Counseling Centers and was the Executive Director for 10 years, until she moved out of the area. It has brought her great joy to see many receive healing as a result of the counseling offered at SPARE.


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An art gallery exhibition of painter Paul Smith's paintings in Boston, Massachusetts. Experts observe various creations of the painter and give high reviews despite fact that the painter created them as hoaxes.
Colonel Bernt Balchen flies off to rescue the survivors of SS Viking vessel. The vessel was rocked by explosion about eight miles off the Horse Islands. It caught fire during shooting of film The Viking. 23 March 1931.
Race riots in Boston, Massachusetts sparked by dissatisfaction with welfare system. African American rioters on the streets in the Roxbury section in Boston. They smash glass, set buildings on fire and loot stores. Mobs throw rocks and bottles at the Boston police. Firemen work to extinguish fires in burning buildings. A rooftop sniper wounds a fireman as he extinguishes a fire. Boston police arrest a rioter.
Boston Fish Pier at the coast of Boston, Massachusetts. Buildings at Boston Fish Pier. Flag of United States flies above the Fish Pier building. The views are as seen from aboard a vessel approaching the Boston Fish Pier through the harbor.
A young woman opens ribbon and unwraps a gift package containing a vinyl RCA long playing record album disc of Romeo and Juliet. View she places the vinyl record on her phonograph turntable and starts playback. A film titled ' The sound and the story' shows the sound recording procedure at the Symphony Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. View of woman studying cover jacket of her new record album. Exterior view of Symphony Hall building in Boston Massachusetts in the mid 1950s. Interior view of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, circa 1956, in rehearsal under the baton of Music Director Charles Munch. The orchestra plays as a sound engineer of RCA (Radio Corporation of America) sits at a control panel. Close up view of meters on the recording console. Music being played is recorded on magnetic tapes. Close up view of reel to reel recording tape running on recording machine. Views of Maestro Munch, and various sections of the orchestra while they play under conductor Munch. Stereophonic or stereo recording equipment configuration is shown. View of two early home stereo speakers. After the recording, Maestro Munch, smoking a cigarette, sits with the recording engineer and listens to the recording. Close up view of a RCA vinyl record spinning on a phonograph turntable.
Scenes from baseball World Series game 1 in 1916 with the Boston Red Sox versus the Brooklyn Robins (later the Brooklyn Dodgers). View from stands during first four innings of play (Boston Red Sox ultimately rallied with 4 runs in 9th inning to defeat the Brooklyn Robins). A large crowd of 40,000 gathered at Braves Field in Boston, with the game played there instead of Fenway Park so that more fans could attend. Game in progress. Men watching from the stands. Crowd waving hats and cheering. Scenes include: 0:04 Top of the 2nd inning double play by Boston after hit by Brooklyn's George Cutshaw; 0:11 Bunt single by Boston's Larry Gardner and Lewis advances to second base; 0:25 Sacrifice bunt by Boston's Everett Scott; 0:32 slate text on film reads, "In the third Duffy Lewis, famed for breaking up World Series' games drives a two base hit sending Hoblitzel home with the first run; score 1-0." (spelling should be Hoblitzell). This play is then seen; 0:40 Same play seen from different angle in the ballpark; 0:52 A play from before the previous play -- this is a triple by Hoblitzell with no one on base; 1:05 Top of the fourth inning: Go ahead run is at 3rd. Cutshaw hits a fly to right field. Harry Hooper catches the ball and throws out Zack Wheat at the plate. Men in stands cheering and waving hats.


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JMM leader killed in bomb attack
Read more below
- Published 21.01.14
Jamshedpur, Jan. 20: The East Singhbhum JMM vice-president was killed in a bomb blast in Jamshedpur last night, in an attack that sources claimed to be a fallout of a land dispute. No body else was injured in the incident.
JMM leader Lakhai Hansda (34) sustained serious injuries when some assailants hurled a bomb at him near Karandih Square around 10.30pm. He was rushed to Tata Main Hospital where he succumbed to his injuries.
Sources said Lakhai was about to get into his SUV when the criminals arrived in another SUV. One of them came out of the vehicle, threw a bomb targeting Lakhai, and sped away towards Potka.
The blast ripped apart the left portion of his abdomen and he fell on the road, said an eyewitness.
SSP Amol V. Homkar said police were yet to arrest any one in this regard. "Nothing can be said about the assailants and their motive at this juncture."
Sources said police had recovered the SUV used in the murder from Mayurbhanj district of neighbouring Odisha.
Party sources said Lakhai was with district JMM president Ramesh Hansda merely a few minutes before the attack.
Ramesh said, "We had casually met at Karandih Square last night. After a small chat, I drove away towards my home (in Karandih) and Lakhai was about to start for his house (at Bheradipa in Bagbera)."
He said Lakhai was engaged in a dispute with Tuddu, also a JMM functionary, of Parsudih over a government plot in Ghaghidih.
The murder could be a fallout of the dispute, Ramesh added.


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Shelly Palmer Introduces the Samsung Note7 and Gear 360 on Fox 5
The Samsung Note7 is Samsung's best phablet yet. It has a great screen, it's waterproof and the S-Pen is better than ever. When you pair it with the new Samsung Gear 360, you get an amazing new way to take and post 360 videos and stills. Shelly Palmer talks about it with Kerry Drew ans Juliet Huddy on Fox 5. Original Airdate: August 9, 2016


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New Delhi: Congress on Wednesday distanced itself from
the government`s unprecedented step of sending four senior
ministers to the airport to receive Baba Ramdev in a bid to
persuade him not to go ahead with the protest from June 4
saying it was "unnecessary" and the party has "nothing to do"
with it.
"The party is not at all related to this entire exercise
from here to the airport (ministers going to the airport to
receive the Yoga Guru)," top sources in Congress said
commenting on the government`s move, which indicated the
unease in the party over the issue.
The sources also suggested that Congress President Sonia
Gandhi was not in the loop over the decision. "The party has
nothing to do with it. It is not involved in this airport
exercise," they said.
Party General Secretary Digvijay Singh said, "We are also
interested in the issue of corruption and black money but
hunger strike won`t check corruption or help in bringing back
black money. He (Baba Ramdev) should agree to the request made
by the Prime Minister and other ministers."
Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee accompanied by Kapil
Sibal, Pawan Kumar Bansal and Subodh Kant Sahay held talks for
over two hours at the airport with Ramdev, who arrived by a
chartered jet from Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh this afternoon.
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has already gone the extra
mile to urge Ramdev not to go ahead with his hunger strike,
promising him to find a "practical and pragmatic" solution to
tackle the issue of corruption.
Singh has written a letter to Ramdev, "welcoming his
constructive suggestions to improve governance."


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'Intruders' Theatrical Trailer
Posted on Wednesday, February 15th, 2012 by Russ Fischer
In Intruders, director Juan Carlos Fresnadillo (Intacto, 28 Weeks Later) puts Clive Owen through the wringer when his daughter, played by Ella Purnell, is menaced by a character that seems to be right out of her imagination. We've got a new trailer for the horror thriller, and you can check it out below. Read More »


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Utilization and Allocation of Organs for Transplantation: Medical and Ethical Aspects
Persson, Marie Omnell
Bibliographic Citation
Lund, Sweden: Department of Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 2003. 79 p.
MetadataShow full item record
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
The German Research Society (DFG) Research Project: New Perspectives in Transplantation Medicine: The Biological, Medical and Ethical Aspects of Xenotransplantation and the Derivation of Organs from Embryonic Stem Cells Engels, Eve-Marie; Lotter, Gisela; Schicktanz, Silke (1999)
Ethical Considerations in the Allocation of Organs and Other Scarce Medical Resources Among Patients (49) Unknown creator (American Medical Association. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, 1993-07)


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In a future where time is literally money and aging stops at 25, the only way to stay alive is to earn, steal or inherit more time.
Will Salas lives minute by minute, is working honestly to earn time but prices rise ruthless and pay seems to be increasingly unimportant. One evening, an unknown in hand saves time thieves, alien whose watch was worth almost 100 years, a real estate, and real danger. Know that it is 200 years old and that life he no longer can book no joy and no sorrow that has not already lived.
At dawn, the stranger leaves Will's legacy full-time, before killing himself. Saddened at the news of death unknown, but overwhelmed by benevolent but gives it access to the world wealthy, Will decides to make them a surprise to his mother. This however does not have enough time on her watch and not reaching on time for his son to donate, she dies in his arms. In Will's soul is born then the desire for revenge against the rich and a thirst for rebellion against his condition and merciless hierarchy determined based on precious time.
Infiltrated in the new world of the rich and enjoying the new status, Will decides to take advantage of everything, without ever forgetting the purpose and unaware that his footsteps are a timekeeper, a kind of cop intrigued by the large flow donated time without reason.
Arriving at a party of some important figures, Will make acquaintance with Sylvia, the daughter of tycoon time is right. Almost caught timekeeper, Will barely manages to escape, kidnapping an heiress but the beautiful view of a ransom. Actions and statements which are subject limited to two fugitives make them fall in love, and Will found in Sylvia not only complicit, but a rebellious, like against strictness imposed by his father. Together, boycott and destroy the corrupt system, overturning social class status, and organization of the enterprise.
But this action does not seem a solution, because the poor do not know how to live differently than they have been taught the nature of their condition, namely the boundary between life and death, and overnight inavutirea not offer a safe and happy life and devalues other things to the disappearance of their utility.
"In time" is a parable screened corrupt system in which we live, the social stratification and the limits on them, but we do understand that this is the natural approach of a company, not necessarily healthy, but functional, which in different conditions Overturn balance and value of things.
"While" is written and directed by Andrew Niccol, whose credits include the screenplay for The Truman Show. The film is produced by Eric Newman (Children of Men), Niccol and Marc Abraham (Children of Men). The executive producers are Andrew Z. Davis (Red Dragon), Kristel Laiblin (Children of Men) and Amy Israel (Shall We Dance). Backstage talents include the cinematographer on 9 times Oscar nominee Roger Deakins (True Grit, The Reader), production designer Alex McDowell BAFTA nomination (Watchmen, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory) and winner of 3 Oscars for costume Colleen Atwood (Alice in Wonderland, Memoirs of a Geisha, Chicago).


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Mushrooms and knife
F011/6610 Royalty Free
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Credit: ABERRATION FILMS LTD/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
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Keywords: ceps, chopped, close up, close up shot, close up view, close-up, close-up shot, close-up view, closeup, closeup shot, closeup view, edible, food and drink, food preparation, fresh, fungus, healthy eating, knife, mushrooms, no one, no-one, nobody, preparing food, sliced, still life, wooden
Licence fees: A licence fee will be charged for any media (low or high resolution) used in your project.


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Cost: About $11 per person
Let me tell you one of my most cherished childhood memories. I was six years old, and I was at Barnaby's for my soccer team party. My dad and I both went to the washroom before eating to clean up a bit since we'd just had a game. My buddy Ian was also on the team and he followed behind us a bit to clean up as well. Now, just to give you a little background, both Ian's dad Mike and my dad loved to play pranks on each other, and it rubbed off on Ian and I. So my dad and I were in each of the stalls while some poor guy who looked like my dad was at the urinal. Ian snuck right up behind him, thinking it was my dad, and yanked his pants down. I walked out of the stall just in time to see this poor guy turn around and Ian bolt out of the bathroom faster than he'd run on the field all season. The point is that Barnaby's holds a special place in my heart.
Well this time around, we went for my buddy Danny's birthday. Our softball team had just finished a glorious victory and we went right down the road to celebrate.
Barnaby's is a dimly lit, wood laden tavern of sorts. You order at the counter and wait till they call your number. Since it was a Sunday afternoon, there was no way we'd need a reservation. They've got plenty of parking, and it's a great place to bring a group.
We didn't really have an wait staff to mention, but I was happy with the amount of time we had to wait for our pizzas. We took over some large circular table in the back and grabbed a few pitchers of beer from the bar. A large pizza will serve 3-4 people for around $14. We were on the hungrier side and needed 5 pizzas for the 7 of us.
The Food
They've got some good appetizers, but we went straight for the pizza. We got one with pepperoni, one with sausage, one with veggies and garlic, and two straight cheese. Let's start with the crust. It's firm and chewy with a cornmeal dusting. While it's not as crispy as some, it does a wonderful job of holding up without getting all soggy. The sauce is just slightly sweet with a strong pure tomato taste. The cheese is heavy, and there's no lack of grease on these bad boys. If padding a slice with a paper napkin is your go to move, then you'll absolutely hate Barnaby's.
For square cut, thin crust pizza, Barnaby's is one of my favorites. It's more than just a childhood memory holder. It's not quite as good as Vito and Nick's, but it's way more accessible for those of us on the North side. I'm giving them 4 out of 5 Pearls.


text: Page Content This year we are excited to introduce Talks & Roundtables. This conference track will feature practical and interactive conversations that provide conference attendees with ideas and real-life examples around navigating some of the tough and subtle challenges in today's business environment. Location: Lyceum Complex, 5th FloorCareer Pivots: Thriving in a Shifting WorldFACILITATOR:Shannon CassidyFounder & CEObridge between, inc. Kenetta BaileyManaging Partner, Chief Brand StrategistMaxus, a GroupM agency Kim BondySVP, Programs & DocumentariesAl Jazeera AmericaJocelyn CooleySVP, Human ResourcesViacom Brenda DennisSr. Director, WW Sales Strategy & Growth AccelerationCisco Amy GearyVP, Sales & Business Development, Content DistributionViacom Media Networks Thao HoangSVP, Business DevelopmentDefy Media Lisa ModisetteBusiness Solutions ExecutiveNetCracker Terri MooreSenior ConsultantKorn / Ferry Leadership and Talent ConsultingMisty SkedgellPrincipalSkedgell Communications Martha SoehrenChief Development Officer & SVPComcast University Gemma TonerMedia & Telecommunications Executive In basketball, a pivot is a move that keeps one foot firmly planted while the other swings forward. In the workplace, career pivots can move you forward in small, practical steps, helping you break through seemingly insurmountable barriers to a career overhaul or even a simple promotion. Join our roundtable session for a series of lively and revealing discussions about the decisions, trade-offs, and sometimes unconventional choices you can make to navigate your career in times of uncertainty. Leading industry executives will share their unique stories, providing food for thought and insights on how to thrive in a shifting world. ____________________________________________________________________ Leadership Wellness: Burning Bright or Burning Out? Jamie ShapiroExecutive Coach, Nutritionist & CEOConnectedEC Being an executive requires a constant stream of energy. We are faced with continuous demands from our business and personal obligations, travel schedules, and there is constant pressure to be "on." How does health impact one's performance and ability to be at peak leadership? Why do we allow health to often take a backseat to other imperatives? Come learn in this session the connection between how we lead from within and the impact it has on how we lead others. Get connected to your vision for health and learn why it is essential for resonant change. You will leave this session with applicable knowledge about nutrition, stress management and connected leadership. You will gain new ideas and the tools to make changes right away that will impact your personal health and professional leadership. ____________________________________________________________________ Leading Teams in Times of Transition FACILITATOR:Shannon CassidyFounder & CEObridge between, inc. Judi AllenSVP, Client Business Partner, MVPD'sNielsen Sharon AlstonVP, Human ResourcesTV OneStacy GreenEVP, Global HR & FacilitiesA+E Networks Sandra K. HoweSVP, Global MarketingARRIS Group, Inc. Marva JohnsonCorporate VP, Government & Industry AffairsBright House NetworksJeanine LiburdEVP, Communications & Public AffairsBET Networks Gail MacKinnonEVP & Chief Government Relations OfficerTime Warner Cable Merrylue MartinVP, Comcast University - West DivisionComcastColette RubioSVP, Technology Program ManagementHBO Veronica Sheehan Senior Global Media Executive Marinella SoldiPresident & Managing DirectorDiscovery Communications In the modern workplace, personal disruption, ambiguity, and a lack of clarity are often the backdrop for our day-to-day lives. As a leader and manager in our evolving industry, you need to facilitate organizational transitions with shrewd skills and emotional awareness. In this session, we spotlight leaders who have successfully navigated significant individual, team, or organizational change. Our presenters will join you in roundtable discussions to share their experiences and insights regarding change. Each industry leader will represent a specific facet of change, enabling you to hone in on particular issues involved in successfully navigating change for yourself and for others.


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Creative Photography Logo Hacks | Ready To Take Your Photography Brand To The Next Level? Start With Your Logo!
Creative Photography Logo Hacks | Not so long ago, starting a photography business was a much more difficult undertaking. However, in the last few years, the equipment has become more affordable than ever, and it's never been easier to use. This is great news, because pretty much everyone passionate about the art of taking stunning photos can get their hands on some money and start their own business. The bad news, however, is that the photography industry is becoming an increasingly saturated one and standing out from the crowd is turning out to be a lot more challenging than actually starting a business.
Creative Photography Logo Hacks | Website Design – www.medianovak.com
Since you can't rely solely on your talent to stand out from the crowd or the equipment you use, you need to find a way to differentiate yourself from all the other photographers in your area or your particular niche. This is where branding comes into play to save the day. However, as powerful as it may be, it can also be one of the most confusing aspects of business, especially if you're just starting out in the industry. Remember, your logo is far from being your entire brand. However, it's a crucial element that will affect every other element. To help you kick off your branding efforts, we put together a list of our favorite logo design tips that will enable you to sort out the backbone of your brand and the face of your business, creating a solid foundation for your future brand. Let's check them out!
Know Whose Attention You're Trying To Attract | Creative Photography Logo Hacks
In order to stand out from the crowd, you need to take some time to determine whose attention you're trying to attract. At the end of the day, a logo that appeals to brides to be won't do you any good if your target audience are high-school students, regardless how well it was done. There are countless logos trying to grab the attention of your target audience, so you need to know who they are in terms of age, gender, location, and even financial and marital status in order to come up with a design that will catch their eye, as each demographic has slightly different preferences.
RELATED: Photography Business Logo Inspiration | 4 Must-Read Tips On Effective Logo Design
Know Yourself | Creative Photography Logo Hacks
A logo is a simple piece of graphic design and it's used to represent a business, organization, or an individual. However, logos can do a lot more than that – they can create an emotional bond between your photography business and your clients, convey the nature of your business, or boost brand awareness. However, before you paste the name of your business next to a random shape, do your homework and determine what it is that you're trying to communicate.
For example, the colors, and even the shapes you use will tell potential clients a lot about your business. So, is your brand laid-back or formal? Modern and edgy, or classic and traditional? All these, and many other characteristics can be convey, and usually are, whether you like it or. Remember, it's a lot better idea to come up with something that ties together the entire brand and accurately represents it than to come up with an overly trendy logo that's not related to your brand or the industry you're in.
Be Careful When Playing With Colors | Creative Photography Logo Hacks
Color is a designer's best friend – it can not only convey a particular message to your potential and existing clients, but it can help your logo stand out from the crowd and grab their attention. However, when not used right, color can render your logo practically useless. While your new logo may look absolutely stunning on your computer screen, keep in mind that there are applications and materials that allow only certain color scheme, or print everything in white and black.
If you rely solely on color to convey a particular message, you'll need to figure out how to convey the same message even when the color is removed. This is why we play around in black first. This allows us to focus on the design itself and make sure we get it just right before we move onto playing with color. You're far less likely to get distracted by color and all the different shades if you leave color for the end, and it will help you ensure the design is effective even when the color is removed.
RELATED: Photography Business Logo Advice | Discover The Behind-The-Scenes Secrets Of Logo Design
Include The Name Of Your Business | Creative Photography Logo Hacks
There are companies that use just the name of the business in a stylized font as their logo. There are also companies that use a graphic and the name of the business. Then, there are quite a few companies that use just a graphic for their logo, such as Twitter and Starbucks. Which way should you go? You should definitely include the name of your business in your logo. Remember, Twitter and Starbucks dropped the name after spending endless amounts of money and time on marketing and raising brand awareness, and if you're just starting out, chances are you don't have that kind of money to invest in marketing.
Creative Photography Logo Hacks | Website Design – www.medianovak.com
Including the name of your business is vitally important, but make sure you pay special attention to the fonts you use. Not only do they need to be appropriate for the nature of your brand, but they need to be readable as well, so avoid complex calligraphic fonts and stick with simple, easy-to-read fonts.


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EXETER — The Exeter News-Letter and the Exeter Area General Federation of Women's Clubs will be hosting a candidates' forum for the Exeter selectmen's race on Wednesday, Feb. 26.
EXETER — The Exeter News-Letter and the Exeter Area General Federation of Women's Clubs will be hosting a candidates' forum for the Exeter selectmen's race on Wednesday, Feb. 26.
The forum will begin at 7 p.m. in the Nowak Room of the Town Offices.
Five people are running for two selectmen seats including incumbents Frank Ferraro and Matt Quandt, and challengers Nancy Belanger, Christina Hardy and Anne Surman.
EXETER — The Supervisors of the Checklist will be in session at the Town Clerk's Office on Saturday, March 1 from 11 a.m. to noon, to accept voter registrations, make corrections and/or additions to the voter checklist.
This is the final registration before town elections for school/town officials and warrant articles on March 11. When registering to vote, residents must provide photo ID and proof of residency, as well as naturalization papers if applicable.
EXETER — Visit Exeter Public Library on Tuesday, March 11, at 1 p.m., for the second concert in the library's Spring Music Series.
Join guitarist, singer, songwriter and Exeter native Eric Sinclair for an afternoon of finger-style acoustic guitar. The program will include "sing-alongs" of old standards mixed with songs spanning decades of music history from old-time folk to modern rock music and everything in between.
This performance is free and open to the public. It will take place in the Bruce Sloan Reading Area in the Adult Services section of the library
For more information, contact the library at 772-3101.
EXETER — Core Physicians has been named to Harvard Pilgrim Health Care's 2013 Physician Group Honor Roll in recognition of outstanding commitment to high quality care by the physicians in the local practice.
The recent honor is the fifth time that Core Physicians has been named to the Harvard Pilgrim Honor Roll. Core Physicians was recognized in 2013 for excellence in preventive, acute and chronic illness care for patients.
"We are delighted to be recognized again by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care for this award of distinction. It is an honor to have the hard work and commitment to excellence of our staff, providers and physicians recognized by our external partners," said Deb Cresta, president of Core Physicians. "We strive for everyday excellence and to achieve this level of performance is very rewarding."
The Harvard Pilgrim Physician Honor Roll Program is part of the non-profit health plan's ongoing strategy to recognize and reward quality care.
"Harvard Pilgrim greatly values the work of its physician partners and is pleased to recognize those practices providing leadership in high quality patient care," said Eric H. Schultz, president and CEO, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care. "We want to recognize these physician groups for their progress in making health care better for our members."
Harvard Pilgrim selected the Honor Roll physician groups based on clinical performance measured against national standards set by HEDIS® (Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set), a tool developed for the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) to assess the clinical performance of doctors and other medical professionals.
Harvard Pilgrim reviewed performance in three domains of clinical care affecting both adult and pediatric patients: acute, chronic and preventive care. Physician groups were identified as Honor Roll practices based on points earned for performance on 16 measures such as appropriate treatment for children with upper respiratory infection, comprehensive diabetes care and breast cancer screenings.
Core Physicians was previously named to the Harvard Pilgrim Honor Roll three years in a row for excellence in preventative and chronic illness care for pediatric patients.
In 2008 and 2010, the multi-specialty group practice was honored for its outstanding commitment to high quality care by physicians.