text:
A Reminder that the Police have No Obligation to Protect You
A Reminder that the Police have No Obligation to Protect You
The Broward County Sheriff's office announced this afternoon that Deputy Scot Peterson resigned after being suspended for not engaging the shooter at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School. He had been making over $75,000 a year as the school's Student Resource Office, a position he had held since 2009.
While the report of Deputy Peterson's inaction has understandable resulted in public outrage and disgust, it's important to note that the Supreme Court has found that government police officers are under no obligation to actually protect the public.
This is why, as Chris Calton noted in an article earlier this year, it's useful to recognize that "law enforcement" is really not synonymous with "security:"
The problems we find in the institution of the police, then, stem from two different areas. The first is the one that typically gets acknowledged, and that's the government policies in running the police. The negative incentives that attract dangerous people, the lack of consequences for mistakes and abuses of authority, and the low criteria for earning a badge. Many libertarians argue for the privatization of the police as a way of reversing these incentives so that they have a positive effect. The recent string of sexual harassment allegations demonstrates the different levels of accountability between private individuals and those in government positions.
But when libertarians advocate privatizing the police – a position I'll admit that I share – they are usually advocating the privatization of security. The motto of the police is "To Protect and Serve." This is the motto of a security industry. But despite continuing to fly this banner, the police today hardly constitute a "security" service. In fact, the security industry is already privatized, and there are more private security guards employed in the United States and other countries than there are police officers.
The synonymous term for "police" is "law enforcement," and this is a distinction worth remembering. The role of police is not, and has never been, to keep people safe; it has always only been to enforce the law.
When a public police force was first created, the idea of "law enforcement" and "public safety" almost went hand-in-hand. Most laws were actually designed to protect the person and property of private citizens (with exceptions, of course). So even if a public police force was less efficient than a private alternative, its job was still, for the most part, to keep people safe by enforcing the laws designed to protect them from violent criminals.
But as government has grown into the leviathan we know today, the law has expanded well beyond a small criminal code designed to protect life, liberty, and property. But the police, true to their role as law enforcement officers, are just as obligated to enforce these laws – the ones prohibiting marijuana use, lemonade stands, and collecting rainwater, to name only a few oft-cited legal absurdities – as they are to enforce laws protecting people from violent criminals. In fact, if we factor in the negative incentives police departments have guiding the allocation of their resources, it's reasonable to conclude that an officer is more obligated to enforce the laws against non-violent criminals than the laws against violent ones.
Audio: Capitalism Makes Us More Humane
Human Action Now in Romanian
A New Book on Mises for the Layman — In German
Thosten Polleit, a frequent author at mises.org, and an active part of Ludwig von Mises Institut Deutschland, has completed a new introductory text on Mises and his work: Ludwig von Mises für jedermann: Der kompromisslose Liberale (Ökonomen für Jedermann). It is available both at Amazon.de and Amazon.com. And best of all, it's priced at an affordable price, and is not one of those 90-dollar books that academic publishers often turn out.
Elizabeth Warren's Other Cherokee Scandal: Her Fight Against Tribal Sovereignty
Elizabeth Warren's 2020 presidential aspirations may have ended before they began this week thanks to her team's bizarre decision to proudly broadcast the results of a DNA test that shows she may have had a relative 10 generations removed that was of indigenous American heritage. As Senator Warren was once promoted as "Harvard Law School's...first woman of color," the results seem to only confirm that she misrepresented her ancestry in her past career as a law professor.
Not only has the decision been met with a blistering condemnation from the Cherokee Nation, but it has once again made her the butt of President Trump's jokes.
Lost in the laughing at Warren's expense however, is a larger issue exists over how American politicians continue to treat tribal sovereignty.
After all, if Warren had used her position as senator to serve as an advocate for the Cherokee Nation's right to self-determination, her history of misrepresenting her genetic connection to the tribe would perhaps be more excusable. Say what you will about Rachel Dolezal, she at least cared enough to be an advocate for the African American community. Instead, Warren's political record is one that has regularly promoted the continued imperial rule of Washington on land that is tribal in name only.
Though never officially serving as the head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Warren has been widely credited as being the guiding force behind the creation of the agency. The CFPB was created as part of the Obama Administration's response to the financial crisis, a powerful financial regulator that lacks the traditional checks of other executive agencies. Under the lead of former director Richard Cordray, the CFPB went to work becoming a heavy handed regulator in its fight against "unfair, deceptive and abusive" practices.
Soon, various tribal financial services businesses found themselves in the cross hairs of the enthusiastic CFPB. The result is that the agency has been described by Dr. Gavin Clarkson, a tribal finance expert, as "the most hostile federal agency towards Indian tribes since Indian Affairs was in the War Department."
One example is a variety of short-term lending operations that various tribes started up to try to capitalize on the growth of e-commerce. In theory, tribal sovereignty should have given these ventures a competitive advantage over other US lenders who had to deal with the Washington red tape. Unfortunately Obama's Justice Department decided these operations represented a "national security risk" and worked with the CFPB to shut them down as part of Operation Choke Point – in spite of pleas from tribal advocates that doing so would be economically devastating.
While it would be unfair to blame Elizabeth Warren for any and all actions taken by the CFPB and DOJ, she served as a primary defender of Operation Choke Point when legislative pressure mounted to end it.
Similarly, she has been the chief voice in the Senate attacking the pay day lending industry, which became a point of particular emphasis under the Cordray CFPB. This has put the Warren-Cordray camp into ongoing legal conflict with various tribes over whether federal financial regulation should apply to tribal land, leading the CFPB to sue various tribal lenders.
While the Supreme Court refused to take up the case, which could have provided a legal precedent in favor of tribal sovereignty, the suit was eventually dropped earlier this year after Mick Mulvaney took over as the CFPB's acting head. Warren wrote a letter to Mulvaney criticizing the decision.
Warren's indifference to the cause of tribal sovereignty appeared again this year with a vote on the Tribal Labor Sovereignty Act.
The issue here was whether tribal-owned businesses should be forced to follow federal labor laws on collective bargaining. The issue has been a major one for a number of American tribes, upset that tribal governments are subjected to labor laws that state and federal governments are exempt from.
As Jefferson Keel, the President of the National Congress of American Indians, wrote in The Hill:
Sovereignty means tribes should be allowed to make their own decisions about their own workforce policies. The truth is that many tribal nations openly welcome labor unions into the businesses that they own; others choose not to. And a growing number have designed and enforce their own labor regulations. But the NLRB ignores all of this and, instead, forces tribal governments to adhere to the NLRA. Just us. No one else. This is a plain violation of our inherent rights as sovereign nations and governments.
Unfortunately Senator Warren's loyalty lay with labor unions over tribal sovereignty, and she joined with 41 other Senators to successfully kill a vote on the bill.
While Warren has made it easy to laugh at about "fauxocahontas" and 1/1024th memes, her political contempt for tribal self-sovereignty is what should make her false claims to Cherokee heritage truly insulting.
Elizabeth Warren and her fellow progressives believe Native Americans are better off following her rules, rather than granting tribes the political self-determination to make such decisions for themselves. It's a form of ideological imperialism, driven by their own belief in their moral superiority and the belief on "the right side of history." The progressive person's burden is to use to the power of the state to impose social justice, regulate "fairness" in the market, and impose egalitarian social norms.
This is precisely why it's important for those who recognize the dangers of federal overreach and political centralization should take the issue of tribal sovereignty so seriously. The goal for a more civil and free society should not be the aim of some grand universal political order, but a respect for political self-determination. To that end, a respect for tribal rights is just as important as any other fight in favor of political decentralization.
In the Aftermath of Hurricane Michael, Civil Society and Voluntary Action Saved Lives
US Taxpayers Are Paying to Train Mercenaries Who Then Work for Mideast Dictators
Aram Roston reports on how Mideast dictatorships now hire former US military personnel to form what are essentially death squads designed to eliminate the regimes' enemies:
The revelations that a Middle East monarchy [UAE] hired Americans to carry out assassinations comes at a moment when the world is focused on the alleged murder of dissident journalist Jamal Khashoggi by Saudi Arabia, an autocratic regime that has close ties to both the US and the UAE. (The Saudi Embassy in the US did not respond to a request for comment. Riyadh has denied it killed Khashoggi, though news reports suggest it is considering blaming his death on a botched interrogation.)
Golan said that during his company's months-long engagement in Yemen, his team was responsible for a number of the war's high-profile assassinations, though he declined to specify which ones.
Where do these kill teams come from and where do they get their training and experience? They get it from the US military and the US taxpayer.
Last month, I wrote on how the US military is becoming increasingly reliant on mercenaries to staff military operations. This makes it easier for the Pentagon to ratchet up military conflicts while still claiming that it is reducing boots on the ground. It can do this because the Pentagon doesn't report details on how many mercenaries it's using or where they are. Essentially, mercenary forces are a sort of human slush fund which allows the Defense Department more leeway in doing whatever it wants, while sharing precious little information about it with Congress or the taxpayers.
Thus, the US treasury subsidizes the creation of these mercenary forces that then become adjuncts of foreign governments. Roston concludes:
The long US wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have relied heavily on elite special forces, producing tens of thousands of highly trained American commandos who can demand high private-sector salaries for defense contracting or outright mercenary work.
He's right about that, but then makes a rookie mistake: he refers to the movement toward mercenaries as a "privatization" of war, saying, "War has become increasingly privatized, with many nations outsourcing most military support services to private contractors, leaving frontline combat as virtually the only function that the US and many other militaries have not contracted out to for-profit ventures."
I see this mistake made over and over, and everyone needs to stop calling this sort of thing "privatization." When the government hires a construction firm to build a government highway, is that "privatization" of the highway system? No one thinks that, and for good reason. Similarly, it is not privatization when a state — whether its the US government or the UAE — hires a private firm to execute some aspects of the government's wars. These wars are state-on-state wars. There may be some truly private organization at play, but they're on the receiving end of the mercenaries' violence.
Historically, we call private military forces "irregulars" or "guerrilla" forces. There's gray area there, but, broadly speaking, truly private military forces don't have a legally enforceable contract with an officially-recognized regime. They're often not loyal to any extant state, and they often don't even get paid by any organization recognized as a state. Clearly, this doesn't describe these American mercenaries who likely have a signed contract with the UAE dictators, and money is paid in return for certain killings.
This is government money, spend on a private firm to carry out a government agenda. This is not privatization.
As the number of experienced American mercenaries continues to grow — thanks to 18 years of non-stop American wars, it will be interesting to see how many Americans military contractors have their hands in various assassinations, bombings, and other killings carried out on enemies of far off regimes.
The Great Social Media Purge of 2018
Back in the ancient news cycle of August 6, 2018, Alex Jones, host of The Alex Jones Show and curator of Infowars.com, was deplatformed in a coordinated effort by multiple social media and content streaming services. The list of companies, whose simultaneity was surely a coincidence, is quite impressive: Facebook, Apple, YouTube, Spotify, Vimeo, Pinterest, MailChimp, and LinkedIn. The debate on free speech versus hate speech raged on for the customary week or two as the news cycle dictated, with many libertarians and conservatives willing to leave Jones to the proverbial wolves. Perhaps Alex Jones wasn't an attractive enough martyr for the cause. But to those who stood on principle against these social media giants, this was a sign of things to come. Editors for the Free Thought Project spoke out against such censorship on the grounds that it may only be Alex Jones today, but FTP would be next.
How right they were.
At thefreethoughtproject.com, Matt Agorist wrote, "What makes this recent purge from Facebook and Twitter so egregious is that the pages like the Free Thought Project, the Anti-Media, Press for Truth, and dozens of others, did not fit the hate speech narrative these same companies used to wipe out Alex Jones. Instead, these pages were dedicated to spreading peace, bridging the divide, bringing humanity together and holding government accountable."
It's true that Jones has made more than his share of controversial statements, including claiming that the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in 2012 was a hoax, but this kind of controversy does not follow sites such as the Free Thought Project; Facebook even admitted they were not targeted for promoting violence or spreading "fake news."
So what were the determining factors that led to this round of deplatformings? According to a statement co-authored by Facebook's Head of Cybersecurity Nathaniel Gleicher, the 559 pages and 251 accounts purged had, "consistently broken our rules against spam and coordinated inauthentic behavior." The statement continues, "This inauthentic behavior consists of sensational political content, regardless of its political slant, to build an audience and drive traffic to their websites…posting in dozens of Facebook Groups, often hundreds of times in a short period, to drum up traffic for their websites."
As Caitlin Johnstone wrote at Medium.com, Nathaniel Gleicher is also the former White House National Security Council Director of Cybersecurity Policy.
What a small world!
Is there any truth to Facebook's claims about "inauthentic activity"? It's easy to become instantly enraged by the censorship, considering that it appears to be punishing alternative media groups for "driving traffic to their websites."
This hardly seems like an egregious sin. And if consistently applied, would this standard not also include major news outlets such as CNN, MSNBC, and Fox News?
Additionally, the deplatformings seem conspicuously coordinated, as a number of affected organizations found their accounts suspended all at once, one the same day, on multiple social media sites.
There is some logic to Gleicher's explanation, but Facebook's application of its rules has been wildly inconsistent. People rushed to share tales of the purge, showing account holder screenshots with multiple banned pages and profiles. Unfortunately, it's the operation of so many pages and accounts by the same individuals that possibly got them caught in this little sting operation. When users were identified as sharing their clickbait in "dozens of groups, hundreds of times over a short period," they were attempting to game the system by boosting likes and shares in an attempt to drive themselves higher in news feeds. An issue with consistency notwithstanding, this sort of activity is considered spam and inauthentic behavior by Facebook. They are hardly the first to adhere to such a policy. Reddit.com bans users who are found to operate multiple accounts in order to up-vote the submissions by their primary account.
To be clear, I am not criticizing indie media for doing everything they can to spread their message. Those of us in the liberty community will remember Congressman Ron Paul and his foreign policy warnings against "blowback," — the CIA-coined term for the unintended retaliation for U.S. foreign interventions. But blowback is not limited to the world of foreign policy; it's also a social phenomenon. When Facebook made drastic changes to its algorithm crippling the reach of alternative media and independent content creators, it prompted these same creators to find ways to circumvent the algorithms. This kind of "throttling" is nothing new. The Gold Standard with Alan Mosley once enjoyed a reach of over 70,000 for its updates and episodes, even without any budget for Facebook Ads. These numbers were common as recently as May, but even with the purchase of Facebook Ads, results have been catastrophically lower since June. Now The Gold Standard is fortunate to receive a quarter of the reach, even though it sports all-time highs in likes and follows.
So what will the community-at-large do in response to this latest social media purge?
Sure, there were some that rushed to defend Alex Jones, but many more decided to put their momentary e-safety far above the principle of defending free speech. But those of us who believe in the free market should put our money where our mouths are. There is more than just circumstantial evidence to suggest that many of the major media outlets are coordinated, both with each other and Big Brother, to silence dissenting voices. When you read an article, listen to a podcast, or watch a video, make sure to like/share/subscribe to the original feed in order to keep them in the public view despite the reproach of the elite. Better yet, follow these content creators to their new destinations, and prepare to unplug from outlets that don't respect your freedom to choose what information to consume.
Ten Years After the Last Meltdown: Is Another One Around the Corner?
September marked a decade since the bursting of the housing bubble, which was followed by the stock market meltdown and the government bailout of the big banks and Wall Street. Last week's frantic stock market sell-off indicates the failure to learn the lesson of 2008 makes another meltdown inevitable.
In 2001-2002 the Federal Reserve responded to the economic downturn caused by the bursting of the technology bubble by pumping money into the economy. This new money ended up in the housing market. This was because the so-called conservative Bush administration, like the "liberal" Clinton administration before it, was using the Community Reinvestment Act and government-sponsored enterprises Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to make mortgages available to anyone who wanted one — regardless of income or credit history.
Banks and other lenders eagerly embraced this "ownership society"' agenda with a "lend first, ask questions when foreclosing" policy. The result was the growth of subprime mortgages, the rush to invest in housing, and millions of Americans finding themselves in homes they could not afford.
When the housing bubble burst, the government should have let the downturn run its course in order to correct the malinvestments made during the phony, Fed-created boom. This may have caused some short-term pain, but it would have ensured the recovery would be based on a solid foundation rather than a bubble of fiat currency.
Of course Congress did exactly the opposite, bailing out Wall Street and the big banks. The Federal Reserve cut interest rates to historic lows and embarked on a desperate attempt to inflate the economy via QE 1, 2, and 3.
Low interest rates and quantitative easing have left the Fed with a dilemma. In order to avoid a return to 1970s-era inflation — or worse, it must raise interest rates and draw down its balance sheet. However, raising rates too much risks popping what financial writer Graham Summers calls the "everything bubble."
Today credit card debt is over a trillion dollars, student loan debt is at 1.5 trillion dollars, there is a bubble in auto loans, and there is even a new housing bubble. But the biggest part of the everything bubble is the government bubble. Federal debt is over 21 trillion dollars and expanding by tens of thousands of dollars per second.
The Fed is unlikely to significantly raise interest rates because doing so would cause large increases in federal government debt interest payments. Instead, the Fed will continue making small Increases while moving slowly to unwind its balance sheet, hoping to gradually return to a "normal" monetary policy without bursting the "everything bubble."
The Fed will be unsuccessful in keeping the everything bubble from exploding. When the bubble bursts, America will experience an economic crisis much greater than the 2008 meltdown or the Great Depression.
This crisis is rooted in the failure to learn the lessons of 2008 and of every other recession since the Fed's creation: A secretive central bank should not be allowed to manipulate interest rates and distort economic signals regarding market conditions. Such action leads to malinvestment and an explosion of individual, business, and government debt. This may cause a temporary boom, but the boom soon will be followed by a bust. The only way this cycle can be broken without a major crisis is for Congress both to restore people's right to use the currency of their choice and to audit and then end the Fed.
How Two Venezuelans View American Socialists
Democratic socialists in America are trying to introduce their ideology as something new, when in fact, they are only retreading old-fashioned ideas that history has already disproven. They are ideas that have led to the economic devastation of every country in which they have been implemented.
Having seen the effects of this ideology on our home communities in Venezuela, we feel compelled to warn Americans that if they allow socialism to spread in the United States — as it has done in Venezuela — they will condemn their country to a future of misery.
We know that young people, sometimes, grow enamored with utopian ideals. The movements that cater to them are often labeled as many different movements, whether "social democrats," " social Christians ," or "progressives." These movements work hard to address their speeches and campaigns to the youth.
There's nothing new about this. Even Friedrich Hayek admitted he believed once in this system as a young man, noting "Socialism promised to fulfill our hopes for a more rational, more just world… we have been looking for improvement in the wrong direction."
Now young Americans are hearing and believing in promises similar to what Venezuelans did in the 50's, and well into the period of Chavismo, that began in 1998 . The promises include "free healthcare," "free education," "a right to a job," "free housing," "gun control," and, of course, that old-fashioned socialist motto "a state that works for you" (which really means, " supports you")
It is evident that a new generation of politicians want to be elected on this basis, and they have found a way to win by mobilizing people who agree with their ideas. So, they will continue promoting a climate of confrontation and division because they have no interest in convincing others who do not already think like them.
As with Hugo Chávez in his moment , this new generation of American politicians has the support of almost all mainstream media, some economic elite, and the academic world. They have been invited to appear on many of the most important TV shows, which gives them an excellent platform and increase their media presence, and generally they are treated with a soft and delicate indulgence. While other politicians have to fight for open their own spaces in the media and handle rude and non-friendly interviewers, these socialism-friendly politicians have had everything, as we say in Venezuela "served on a silver platter." It is a true that second-hand dealers of ideas still do their work, as Hayek stated.
Finally, Americans have to be sure of something. The devastation that comes with a socialist political victory will not occur immediately. In our country, 40 years of progressive eradication of our economic freedom — before the Chavismo — were needed to reverse the great economic success of the "Economic Miracle" we enjoyed from 1950 to 1958. The problem is that the groundwork of this movement in the United States is sowing the seeds of a cultural and educational change — as was done from 1958 to 1998 in Venezuela. It won't happen immediately, but eventually, the idea of getting something for nothing could come to dominate and in that moment — as is currently in Venezuela — it will be almost impossible to recover the freedom through a democratic system. At that point, it would become necessary replicate the Singapore experience.
The Purge Is Growing: More Anti-Establishment Web Sites Purged from Social Media
ZeroHedge reports:
Just in time for midterms, Facebook has removed 559 pages and 251 accounts they claim have been spreading misinformation and spam. Several of the pages however - some with millions of followers, were pro-Trump conservatives who had spent years cultivating their followings.
Caitlin Johnstone explains a bit more:
Facebook has purged more dissident political media pages today, this time under the pretense of protecting its users from "inauthentic activity". In a statement co-authored by Facebook Head of Cybersecurity Nathaniel Gleicher (who also happens to be the former White House National Security Council Director of Cybersecurity Policy), the massive social media platform explained that it has removed "559 Pages and 251 accounts that have consistently broken our rules against spam and coordinated inauthentic behavior."
This "inauthentic behavior", according to Facebook, consists of using "sensational political content — regardless of its political slant — to build an audience and drive traffic to their websites," which is the same as saying they write about controversial things, and posting those political articles "in dozens of Facebook Groups, often hundreds of times in a short period, to drum up traffic for their websites."
In other words, the pages were removed for publishing controversial political content and trying to get people to read it. Not for writing "fake news", but for doing what they could to get legitimate indie media news stories viewed by people who might want to view it. The practice of sharing your material around in Facebook groups is common practice for most independent media content creators; I did it myself a lot in late 2016 and early 2017, and pretty much all my indie media peers at the time did too.
Among the sites banned are government accountability sites, as explained by Radley Balko:
As part of its purge, Facebook has removed the pages of several police accountability/watchdog/critic groups, including Cop Block, the Free Thought Project, and Police the Police. They've also apparently severely restricted activity for the Photography Is Not a Crime page.
The purge has clearly been coordinated between both Facebook and Twitter, which have banned many of the same sites at the same time.
Notable this time, however, many of the sites being banned are left-wing sites devoted to anti-war causes, or in calling the government out on abuses of power. In this purge and in previous purges, however, many of the banned sites, whether right or left have one thing in common: they are anti-establishment.
So, media outlets that call for the mass murder or Yemenis or Syrians or Iranians, or which look the other way as domestic agencies violate the civil rights of Americans, will be perfectly find. But if you draw attention to these abuses of power? Then, it's "propaganda" and must be banned.
It's impossible to predict who the next purge will target, but now is a good time to remind everyone that the best way to ensure you receive mises.org's content every day is to sign up for our daily email. Simply click on the "subscribe" button on the main page.


text:
NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partners. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Friday, September 11, 2015
Dental and Oral Health (Children)
11 1/2-year-old behind in losing baby teeth?
I recently called to schedule my 11 year old son's dental checkup and was told that since he should have lost most of his baby teeth, he may not need the pediatric dentist much longer. I was taken aback because this was the first time I ever had the thought put into my head that something might be wrong.
My son has only lost his 4 upper front teeth and 4 lower front teeth. None are loose and no adult teeth are coming in anywhere. Two years ago he had a panoramic x-ray and the adult teeth were in there and appeared to be developing normally but for some reason, they do not seem to be coming down?
I asked my son about other children in his class after talking with the dental receptionist on the phone and he said that most of the kids in his class have lost 15-18 teeth! He said he gets embarrassed when the other kids ask him how many he has lost. Is it normal to have lost so few teeth at this age and not have any teeth loose or adult teeth trying to make their appearance? Thank you for your time!
Thank you for the question. There is a tremendous range in when children lose teeth/get teeth, etc. A child may lose a tooth, but the permanent typically won't erupt until there is enough root formation (usually about two-thirds).
As to the first statement in your question: let me assure you that your son should continue to see a dentist with training in seeing children while he is this 'mixed' or 'transitional' dentition.
Some kids do not lose their last baby tooth until well into their early teenage years. It's always difficult when children compare themselves to other children, but assure your son that his grown up teeth are there and developing.
A dentist with training in treating children in the mixed dentition can also keep track of the development of the grown up teeth to ensure they are developing normally. I hope this helps.
Sarath Thikkurissy, DDS, MS
Director, Residency Program, Division of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics
College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Andrews, John. Anatomie of Basenesse. 1615. Rptd. in Grosarts Fuller Worthies Library, vol. II.
Barret, Robert (fl. 1600). For his epic The Sacred Warr, see D. of N. B.
Loves Martyr: or Rosalins Complaint. Allegorically shadowing the truth of Love, in the constant Fate of the Phnix and Turtle. A Poeme enterlaced with much varietie and raritie; now first translated out of the venerable Italian Torquato Cæliano, by Robert Chester. With the true legend of famous King Arthur
. 1601. Reissued as: The Annals of great Brittaine. Or, A Most Excellent Monument, wherein may be seene all the antiquities of the kingdome
. 1611. Ed. Grosart, A. B. Occ. Issues, vol. VII. 1878. [Cf. Nathaniel Baxters Sir Philip Sydneys Ourania, 1606.]
Sir Robert Chester, Knight, 1566 (?)-1640 (?). This extraordinary collection of poems displays much learning in natural history as understood in its authors time, much ingenuity in the making of acrostics and very little poetry. The portions concerning the Phoenix and Turtle appear to relate to Elizabeth and Essex. For the title given to it on its reissue there is little excuse, King Arthur being the only historical, or mythological, subject with which it deals. The translation from Torquato Cæliano appears to be a pure fiction.
Syr P. S. His Astrophel and Stella. Wherein the excellence of sweet Poesy is concluded. To the end of which are added, sundry other rare Sonnets of divers Noble men and Gentlemen. 1591. (2 issues.)
Delia. Contayning certayne Sonnets. 1592.
with the complaint of Rosamond. 1592.
Delia and Rosamond augmented. Cleopatra. 1594. Ed. Arber, E. 1877.
The Tragedie of Cleopatra. 1594.
Daniels Delia and Draytons Idea. Ed. Esdaile, A. 1908. (Contains a bibliography of Delia.)
The first fowre Bookes of the civile wars between the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke. 1595. (Contains also the fifth book, pagination and signatures following consecutively.)
The Poeticall Essayes of Sam. Danyel. Newly corrected and augmented. 1599.
This volume contains: Musophilus: containing a generall defence of learning, 1599; A letter from Octavia to Marcus Antonius, 1599; The Tragedie of Cleopatra, 1599; The first fowre Bookes of the civile wars, etc., 1595.
The Works of Samuel Daniel Newly augmented. 1601, 1602.
This folio contains: A Defence of Ryme: Against a Pamphlet entituled: Observations in the Art of English Poesie, wherein is demonstratively proved, that Ryme is the fittest harmonie of words that comportes with our Language [n.d.], rptd. by Haslewood, J., in Ancient Critical Essays, 1815; and also: A panegyrike congratulatory Delivered to the Kings most excellent majesty at Burleigh Harrington in Rutlandshire; also certaine Epistles. With a Defence of Ryme, heertofore written, and now published by the Author [n.d.].
The Vision of the 12. Goddesses, presented in a maske the 8. of January, at Hampton Court. 1604.
Certaine small poems lately printed: with the Tragedie of Philotas. 1605, 1607.
The Queenes Arcadia. A Pastorall Trage-Comedie presented to her Majestie and her Ladies, by the Universitie of Oxford in Christs Church, in August last. 1605, 1606.
A Funerall Poeme uppon the Death of the late noble Earle of Devonshyre. [n.d., 1606.]
The Civile Wares betweene the Howses of Lancester and Yorke. 1609.
Tethys Festival: or The Queenes Wake. Celebrated at Whitehall, the fifth day of June 1610. 1610.
Hymens Triumph. A Pastorall Tragicomaedie. Presented at the Queenes Court on the Strand at her Majesties magnificent intertainement of the Kings most excellent Majestie, being at the Nuptials of the Lord Roxborough. 1615.
The whole workes of Samuel Daniel Esquire in Poetrie. 1623.
The Complete Works in verse and prose of Samuel Daniel. Ed. Grosart, A. B. Five volumes. 1885.
A Selection from the Poetry of Samuel Daniel & Michael Drayton. Ed. Beeching, H. C. 1899.
Inedited poems of Samuel Daniel. Philobiblon Society. Bibliographical and Historical Miscellanies. Vol. II. 1854.
Mirum in modum. A Glimpse of Gods Glorie and the Soules Shape. Eyes must be bright, or else no eyes at all Can see this sight, much more then mysticall. 1602.
Microcosmos. The Discovery of the Little World, with the government thereof. Oxford, 1603.
Humours Heavn on Earth; With the Civile Warres of Death and Fortune. As also The Triumph of Death: Or, The Picture of the Plague, according to the Life; as it was in Anno Domini. 1603. 1605.
Bien Venu. Greate Britaines Welcome to her greate friendes, and deere brethren the Danes. 1606.
Summa Totalis or, All in All, and the same for ever: Or, an Addition to Mirum in Modum. 1607.
The Holy Roode, or Christs Crosse: Containing Christ Crucified, described in Speaking-picture. 1609.
Humours Heavn on Earth: With the Civile Warres of Death and Fortune. As also The Triumph of Death: Or, The Picture of the Plague, according to the Life; as it was in Anno Domini 1603. 1609.
Wittes Pilgrimage, (by Poeticall Essaies) Through a World of amorous Sonnets, Soule-passions, and other Passages, Divine, Philosophicall, Morall, Poeticall and Politicall. [1610.]
The Scourge of Folly. Consisting of satyricall Epigrams, And others in honour of many noble Persons and worthy friends, together, With a pleasant (though discordant) Descant upon most English Proverbs and others. [161112?.]
The Muses Sacrifice, or Divine Meditations. 1612.
The Muses Teares for the losse of their hope; heroick and nere-too-much praised, Henry, Prince of Wales, &c. Together with Times Sobs for the untimely death of his Glory in that his Darling: and lastly, his Epitaphs. Consecrated To the hight and mighty Prince, Frederick the fift, Count Palatine of Rhoyn. &c. Whereunto is added, Consolatory Straines to wrest Nature from her bent in immoderate mourning. 1613.
A Select Second Husband for Sir Thomas Overburies Wife, now a matchlesse widow. 1617.
The Complete Works of John Davies of Hereford (15..1618). Ed. Grosart, A. B. 2 vols. 1878.
Les Oeuvres Poetiques et Chretiennes de G. de Saluste, Seigneur du Bartas. 2 vols. [Paris.] 1598.
Chertsey Worthies Library. The Complete works of Joshuah Sylvester. Ed. Grosart, A. B. 2 vols. 1880.
A Cornish clergyman (1575?1637) educated at Cambridge, who wrote much Latin verse. His work was well known to, and much admired by, his poetical contemporaries.
Sir Francis Drake, His Honorable lifes commendation, and his Tragicall Deathes lamentations. Oxford, 1596.
A very long poem in rime royal, full of classical allusion; dignified and scholarly, rather than poetical.
The Blessed Birth-day, celebrated in some religious meditations on the Angels Anthem. Luc. 2. 14. Also Holy Transportations in contemplating some of the most observable adjuncts about our Saviours Nativity. The second Edition with Additions. Oxford, 1636.
In rimed couplets of decasyllables: a work of considerable accomplishment and religious and poetical fervour.
Poems. Ed. Grosart, A. B. Manchester, 1881.
The History of Joseph the Chaiste composed in balladde royall crudely: largely derived from the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs. In two parts. MS. Part I in the library of University College, Oxford; Part II in British Museum, Royal Library, 18. C. xiii. Partially ptd. in Second Grisilde, v. inf.
A Notable warke called the pleasaunt poesye of princelie practise, composed of late in meatre royall by the symple and unlearned sir William forrest preeiste, muche parte collecte owte of A booke entiteled The governaunce of noblemen, which booke the wise philosopher Aristotele wrote too his discyple Alexandre the great and mightie Conqueroure. 1548. British Museum, Royal Library, 17. D. iii. Partially ptd. in England in the Reign of King Henry VIII. Part I. Starkeys Life and Letters. Ed. Herrtage, S. J. Early English Text Society. 1878.
A metrical version of fifty of the Psalms. British Museum, Royal Library. 17. A. xxi. Partially ptd. in Second Grisilde. v. inf.
A New Ballade of the Marigolde. Rptd. in Harl. Misc. x, 253, 1813.
Paternoster and Te Deum in English Verse. In Foxes Actes and Monuments, 1563.
A true and moste notable Historye of a right noble and famous ladye produced in Spayne, intytuled, the Seconde Grisilde, practiced not longe out of this tyme, in muche parte tragedous, as delectable bothe to Heearers and Readers. MS. in Bodleian library. Ptd. by Roxburghe Club. Ed. Macray, W. D. 1875.
An Oration consolatorye to Marye oure Queene. In same MS. as preceding entry, and ptd. as above.
The Life of the Blessed Virgin Mary with other poems. British Museum, Harl. MSS. 1703. Ptd. as above.
William Forrest (fl. 1581) was a Catholic priest, chaplain to queen Mary, and probably holder of an office in Wolseys new college of Christ Church, Oxford. His most important poem, the Seconde Grisilde, presented by him to Mary in 1558, is a narrative of the divorce of her mother, queen Catherine of Arragon. His poems are interesting rather for the light they throw on the theological and social history of his times than for their merits as poetry. Forrest was a friend of Alexander Barclay, whom he mentions in the prologue to the second part of the Pleasaunt poesye of princelie practise. He was a musician, and the owner of copies of much good music of his day; his collection is now at Oxford.
The Lamentations of Amintas for the Death of Phillis; paraphrastically translated out of Latine into English Hexameteres. 1587, etc.
The Countesse of Pembrokes Yvychurch. Conteining the affectionate life, and unfortunate death of Phillis and Amyntas; That in a Pastorall; This in a Funerall: both in English Hexameters. 1591.
The Countesse of Pembrokes Emanuel. Conteining the Nativity, Passion, Buriall, and Resurrection of Christ: togeather with certaine Psalmes of David. All in English Hexameters. 1591.
The third part of the Countesse of Pembrokes Yvychurch: entitled, Amintas Dale. Wherein are the most conceited tales of the Pagan Gods in English Hexameters: together with their auncient descriptions and Philosophical explications. 1592.
See, also, D. of N. B., 1908, vol. VII, s.v. Fraunce, Abraham; and the introduction to Victoria, a Latin comedy, ed. Moore Smith, G. C., 1906, in Materialien zur Kunde des älteren englischen Dramas, vol. XIV.
Saint Peters Complaint, with other Poemes. 1595. Also Edinburgh, [1595?.]
Saint Peters Complaint, newly augmented with other Poems. I live to dy: I dy to live. Printed by H. L. for William Leake: and are to be sold at his shop in Paules Churchyard, at the signe of the holy Ghost. [n.d.] Also 1602, 1620.
Mæoniae, or, certaine excellent Poems and spirituall Hymnes: Omitted in the last Impression of Peters Complaint; being needefull thereunto to be annexed, as being both Divine and Wittie. All composed by R. S. 1595.
[A?] Foure-fould meditation, of the foure last things: viz.
1 2 3 4 of the Houre of Death. Day of Judgement. Paines of Hell. Joyes of Heaven.
Shewing the estate of the Elect and Reprobate. Composed in a Divine Poeme. 1606. Ed. Edwards, C. 1895. (Isham Reprints, No. 4.)
Poetical Works. Ed. Turnbull, W. B. 1856.
Complete Poems of Robert Southwell, S. J. Ed. Grosart, A. B. 1872.
Albions England. Or Historical Map of the same Island: prosecuted from the lives, Actes and Labors of Saturne, Jupiter, Hercules, and Æneas: Originalles of the Bruton, and Englishmen, and occasion of the Brutons their first aryvall in Albion
. With Historicall Intermixtures, Invention, and Varietie proffitably, briefly and pleasantly performed in Verse and Prose. 1586. Revised and enlarged 1589, etc. and in 1612 with the addition of the Epitome (in prose) of the whole history of England. Rptd., Chalmers, Eng. Poets, vol. IV, 1810. [See, also, Letters of Charles Lamb, ed. Ainger, A., 1888, II, 93.]
Courthope, W. J. A History of English Poetry. Vols. II (1904) and III (1903).
Fleay, F. G. On the career of Samuel Daniel. Anglia, vol. XI, p. 619. 1889.
A Biographical Chronicle of the English Drama, 15591642. 2 vols. 1891.
Hannay, D. The Later Renaissance. Edinburgh. 1898.
Isaac, H. Wie weit geht die Abhängigkeit Shaksperes von Daniel als Lyriker? Shakespere Jahrbuch, XVII, p. 165. 1882.
Prideaux, W. F. Daniels Delia, 1592. Athenæum, No. 3952, 25 July, 1903.
Quiller-Couch, A. T. Adventures in Criticism. 1896.
Saintsbury, G. A History of Elizabethan Literature. 1890.
A History of English Prosody. Vols. I (1906) and II (1908.)


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1. You clearly quoted that I was confusing LONG EXPOSURE with HIGH ISO performance, while you are talking to a 30 years "quite well" known photographer that is at least respected for his work at more than one countries as if his knowledge was the knowledge of an ignorant kid! Clearly to take a part of the whole statement to "analyze" like if the the answer wasn't in front of you on the rest of the statement, is because: a) you intented to do so ....or b) there was not much oxygen in the room and you missed it from "eye blaring"
2. Your second INSULT, has been answered already
3. It has been answered already to another quoter and you PARTIALLY accepted it up there, ......I've no intention (although I can) to be drugged in such a conversation, There is NO DSLR that turns its NR OFF when its instructed by the user to do so and .....thats it!! If you have a proof for the opposite (PROOF NOT THEORY like ...if it was so... then.... so it should.... that article says....), then ....I can interfere for you to have a really good job in the industry, ......I will even help you in your photography if you want! Regards, Theodoros. www.fotometria.gr
CCDs are considered sharper and with greater color than CMOS
Here is the entire, unedited first post you made in this thread. I encourage others to read it:Quote from: larkis on September 25, 2011, 08:46:11 AMCould someone give me a technical explanation why CMOS can shoot at such high ISO's (nikon D700, etc) compared to CCD's despite CCD's being more sensitive to light and being a more expansive technology ? A friend of mine is a scientist and tells me that in astronomy and industrial applications the reverse of what is going on in the camera business is true, CCD's are more light sensitive and have less noise compared to CMOS. I noticed with most cameras that use CCD's (like the phase backs) anything over 800iso is not really considered to be great. The sensors that go to space are also CCD's.All MFDBs are CCD (up to now), the P1 P25+ and P45+ are the world leaders in low light because of their ability to keep the sensor cool for long exposures, this is due to the great cooling system not the type of sensor used, the MFDBs are worst in their ISO performance because they lack any kind of noise reduction filter or circuit, this is a choice of the manufacturers due to the demand of the MF market for purity so that low ISO performance is maximum! The IQ of DBs is well beyond any modern DSLR even if they are 5 or 6 years old! The reason for CMOS sensors is mainly the low cost of production, but they do cost a lot more than CCDs to develop. I guess that the production volume of DSLRs compensates for the high development cost of CMOS. CCDs are considered sharper and with greater color than CMOS, I'm not aware which technology is better for high Iso, to compare that we should have a comparison of cameras with both technologies but the same NR system. Regards, Theodoros. www.fotometria.grSo - in answer to the OP's question, which asked only about high ISO and never once mentioned long exposures, your first explanation connects "low light" with "long exposures". What else were we to think, but that you were confused between them? We can only read it the way you write it.I still have no idea what my insult was? If an apology is warranted, how can I apologise if I don't know what I'm apologising for?! Thanks, but I already have a really good job, as a university lecturer in physics and astronomy. I teach a course on signal processing, another on astronomical data analysis, and another on observational astronomy, with a particular emphasis on detector issues. I've been doing digital image processing since 1992; my PhD thesis concerned calibrating astronomical imaging photon-counting detectors called MAMAs, and their use in high-resolution imaging, photometry and deconvolution of the centres of star clusters. But I guess a British MechEng BEng degree trumps that.Now I AM annoyed, because you're the first person ever on LuLa to force me to play the "my credentials are better than yours" card, and I really hate doing that. The letters after one's name should have nothing to do with anything in a discussion like this. Only the ability to present proper evidence matters. We're still waiting for yours...
CCD or CMOS's don't have "greater color". They don't have any color. They count photons. You can filter photons before they reach the CCD, by means of an individual filters or a filter matrix (for example Bayer).
I'd think that CCDs have better color since the value of each pixel is more matched to other pixels due to the different readout of CCD vs CMOS.
I'd think that CCDs have better color since the value of each pixel is more matched to other pixels due to the different readout of CCD vs CMOS. Bill
P.S. Does anybody remember the story of the tower of Babel from the bible? I wonder why communication is falling lower and even lower by the day....
Yup, Nikon are bad boys, but only for long exposures. If you search my posting history, I've often chastised Nikon for this. And also, for the way they subtract a bias level from the RAW, which makes it harder (but not impossible) to measure the readnoise, and impossible to fully subtract bias pattern noise from images like flatfields, which is of course nasty when one then comes to divide by a flatfield...as someone has noted here before, it's mostly the astrophotographers who moan about that!It's nicely explained by Jerry Lodrigus here; scroll down to points 5, 6 and 7 under the "Nikon" heading.Canon, emphatically, do not alter their RAW files in long exposures - or short ones, for that matter. Nor do they subtract the bias level. RAW means RAW with them.
Emil and Jerry may be very knowledgeable and careful workers, but a FFT analysis of a 30 second Darkframe from the D3 is shown below and I see no evidence of filtering.
Emil and Jerry may be very knowledgeable and careful workers, but a FFT analysis of a 30 second Darkframe from the D3 is shown below and I see no evidence of filtering. Processing was as before: split_cfa in Iris and cropping of the green 1 channel to 300 x 300 px in Iris and analysis by Image J. All NR and dark frame subtraction was turned off. I can supply the raw file and the .fit files to anyone who wants to do their own critique.Here is the FFT of the same file with the median filter applied with a radius of 4 showing clear cut evidence of filtering:And here is a PNG of the cropped green 1 channelRegards,Bill
True enough, sensors are really B&W, I guess "considered" is the key word.... I'm surprised how you confused "considered" (which refers to the result) with "have"
I think the argument is based on the camera testing at the end of manufacture. It is going to be tested against known images of blue , green, red, for output accuracy. The firmware is set to correct any deviation in the signal. In CMOS the correction is against each pixel. In CCD the conversion of photon to current is against whole rows so the converter is calibrated against 1000s of pixels output. Of course each pixel still has to output the same value so the correction of the color is the same. The accuracy of the signal converter should be much greater in CCD.
The only purpose that Nikon intended for the so-called noise reduction is to suppress unmapped hot/dead pixels, so the effect is definitely going to be a lot more subtle than a global median filter. That's why I prefer the astrophotographer's term for it, the "Nikon star killer algorithm." A highly talented engineer named Marianne Oelund completed a rather detailed characterization of the algorithm as it was implemented in older Nikon cameras, the D3, and most recently, the D7000:http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1021&message=34309201Here is a link to an image demonstrating the star killer effect:http://actionphotosbymarianne.com/spectra/HPSeffectEx1.jpg
I think these are minor differences in the big picture. By far the biggest factor in the output color response is the spectral transmission of the Bayer color filters. As far as color reproduction goes (*), I've measured some CCDs with great spectral transmission curves and other CCDs with not-so-great ones. The same with CMOS sensors. Eric(*) i.e., getting a good match on the so-called Luther-Ives condition
They are small in the sense that all consumer cameras now have very good color reproduction, CCD or CMOS. Its still a consumer product not something made for NASA or a defense department. The tolerance in the parts is a real issue when there is a very competitive market. For example Pentax in the K5 managed to squeeze much more out of the same sensor than Sony, the manufacturer, or Nikon did with their version of the camera. They chose some higher quality part. With CCD row conversion a higher quality signal converter has much more return per part due to it's effect on entire rows.Maybe you are right that the tolerances of the color filters have much more effect. Anyone know how they degrade over time?
I would leave out NASA, they do a lot of false color work and also a lot of invisible part of electromagnetic spectrum stuff. Also NASA stuff is probably radiation hardened.


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There are numerous accounts recorded regarding the life of John M. Shively. From the Orgegon Encyclopedia, written by Susan Badger Doyle, is the record that "John M. Shively was an Oregon pioneer who was active in terriorial affairs as a businessman, lobbyist, postmaster, surveyor, and gold seeker. He was born April 2, 1804, in Shelby County, Kentucky. He taught school and opened a dry goods store before marrying Martha Meade Johnson in 1836. In the Panic of 1837, he lost five stores that he had built in St. Louis, and he became a surveyor. When his wife died in 1842, the decided to go to Oregon.
As a promoter for immigration to Oregon, Shively enlisted 300 people to travel with him. After failing for receive military protection for the journey from the U.S. Congress and losing the confidence of almost all of his fellow travelers, the left St. Louis in spring 1843 with six others. At Independence, Missouri, he joined the large train that made the first great migration to Oregon. When they reached Fort Hall, Shively was one of thirty who broke off from the rest and made an unsuccessful attempt to find a more direct route to the Willamette Valley. They rejoined the main train at Fort Boise and arrived at Fort Vancouver, by way of Whitman mission and the Dalles, in October.
In 1844, Shively settled on a land claim at Astoria and laid out a town, but the Hudson's Bay Company disputed his claim and forced him to leave the area. In April 1845, he travled east on the Oregon Trail to St. Louis and then to Washington, D.C., where he lived for more than a year. While there, he participated in the Northwest boundary negotiations, lobbied for mail service to Oregon, and published a guidebook, Route and Distances to Oregon and California (1846), which includes general advice to emigrants.
In March 1847, the U.S. Postmaster General appointed Shively postmaster of Astoria, the first postmaster west of the Rocky Mountains. That summer, he and his second wife, Susan Eliott, traveled to Astoria, carrying the first U.S. mail overland to Oregon. He served as postmaster and justice of the peace in Astoria until he was lured to California by the gold rush in 1849. On his return voyage home the next year, he lost all his earnings in a shipwreck and then learned that he had been replaced as postmaster. From 1851 to 1854, he served as Clatsop County surveyor and road commissioner.
When gold was discovered in southern Oregon in the early 1850s, Shively left for the goldfields and made a good deal of money at Shively's Gulch near Jacksonville. He eventually returned to Astoria to administer his extensive properties there. His wife, Susan died in 1883. Shively died ten years later, on April 4, 1893, after spending five years bedridden in an Astoria hospital."
The following information was extracted from The Weekly Herald, August 30, 1845, Page 278, Column 6:
Very Interesting News From Oregon.--Another Revolution Probable In California.--We received by yesterday's Western mail the following late and interesting intelligence from California and Oregon.
According to the advices, there is likely to be another revolution in California, and that the emigrants to Oregon are making fine progress--fine for a trip through uninhabited regions.
[From The Western (MO) Expositor, Aug 6.]
A company arrived here on Thursday last, part of whom were from Oregon, and the rest from California.--The parties met in the wilderness on their way in, and then came here together. Mr. J. M. Shively, from Oregon, informs us that he left October on the 19th of April last. He states that the settlers have a fine prospect for an abundant crop this year; and that they were making ample preparations to have every thing necessary for the emigration which went out the present year. He informs us that he met the advance party of the Oregon emigrants who went out this year on the 9th of July last at Green River, about 200 miles this side of Fort Hall. The emigrants were travelling in detached parties, the last of whom he met only one day's travel beyond Fort Laramie. Nothing had occurred to them on their route worthy of particular notice. They were all well supplied with an abundance of provisions and their stock and teams had stood the trip exceedingly well, with the exception of their horses. These he states were poor, and seemed much jaded and exhausted. There was no sickness of any kind amongst the emigrants. He states that the number of cattle was immense. The emigrants numbered about 2375 souls, large and small.
Owing to recent disturbances in Oregon with the Wallawalla Indians, it was anticipated that the emigrants would be harrassed by them on their route. They were advised however, of this anticipated attack, and intended gathering at For Hall in sufficient numbers to repel any attack that might be meditated against them. Mr. Shively is of opinion that the settlers in Oregon will have disturbances with the Indians during the coming winter, but nothing serious was apprehended from this unexpected outbreak.
He states than many of the settlers are in favor of organizing an independent government, thinking themselves too far from the United States for protection unless the American government would act with more promptness and decision than it has done heretofore.
Major M. Harris, better known there as "black Harris", was in Oregon and engaged in hunting a better road than the one now travelled from Fort Hall to Oregon city.
Mr. Shively brought a large number of letters for the different sections of the United States.
From Mr. Sappington, who left California on the 4th of April last, we have confirmation of the recent revolution which has been published heretofore. The citizens of the country have appointed a Governor of their own, but it was anticipated that another revolution would take place, and that the old government would be re-established. He brings no other news of particular importance.
On yesterday evening another small company, under the superintendance of Mr. L. W. Hastings, left our place for California. They seem to be men of the right stamp for such an undertaking, and leave right willingly for the plains. Apparently regardless of all dangers, they venture forward bouyed up with hopes of success, and stimulated to deeds of daring, by the desire of bettering their condition and that of their friends who have gone before them. The season of the year for such a jaunt, is unusually late; but they seem to think not, and appear determined to show to the world, that nothing need prove an obstacle to our crossing the plains. Success to them. Below we give the names of the company and their residence:
Lanisford W. Hastings, (Captain), San Francisco, California; Dr. R. Semple, Alton, Ill, (6 ft., 8 in. high); O. S. Burnham, Cincinnati, Ohio; J. Nash, South Alabama; A. H. Crosby, Lexington, Mo.; W. N. Loker, T. Merange, St. Louis, Mo.; T. E. Robbins, St. Charles, Mo.; J. Bristol, N.Y. City; C. Venerable, Hagerstown, Md; J. G. Ward, R Rankin, Springfield, Ill; N. B. Smith, H. Downing, J. B. Stebbins, P. Mendenhall, H. C. Smith, St. Josephs, Mich.; J. A. Simpson, C. Carroll, S. Bancroft, P. S. Phillips, A. Little, T. F. Waters, Iowa.


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Chicago, IL – Well known pro-life leader Fr. Frank Pavone, National Director of Priests for Life, will join activists in Aurora at noon tomorrow, September 25, to pray at the Planned Parenthood facility which has not yet opened for business.
"I thank the residents of this community for standing up and saying 'No!' to the world's largest child killing business," said Fr. Pavone. "On Tuesday, I will join you in prayer that this place never opens. Any facility that is built for the purpose of killing children doesn't have any moral right to open or operate. Moreover, any business that lies to the public about what it is in the first place is already implying that it is ashamed of what it's doing."
"I call on people from surrounding communities and, indeed, from around the nation to join, by prayer and presence, with our brothers and sisters in Aurora for this purpose," added Fr. Pavone.
Priests for Life is the nation's largest Catholic pro-life organization dedicated to ending abortion and euthanasia. For more information, visit www.priestsforlife.org.


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RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Shock, sadness and declarations of faith met Pope Benedict XVI's announcement Monday that he would retire Feb. 28. It also sparked reflection about what kind of pontiff should replace him. Here's a look at reaction from around the world:
At St. Andrew by the Bay in Annapolis, Maryland, the Rev. Jeffrey Dauses, said that as the world has changed, so have the demands on the papacy.
"It's not the world of the Middle Ages. It's not the world even of in the earlier part of this century when the pope pretty much stayed in Rome, did everything from Rome," Dauses said. "Nowadays with travel, with the expectations of an incredibly high profile, public life, he's not a young man. I mean, he's at an age where in our culture he would be taking it easy and resting, and we're expecting him to keep this grueling schedule as pope, and he simply had the ability to say, 'I can't do that.'"
In New Orleans, parishioner Alden Hagardorn said Benedict's decision to step down in the in the face of declining health was "a very bold and brave decision."
"It's something he didn't have to do," said Hagardorn, one of a group of Catholics who have tried to stop closure of churches amid the city's diminished population and financial losses following Hurricane Katrina.
Honduran Cardinal Oscar Rodriguez Maradiaga said he received the news of the pope's resignation "with great regret and much surprise."
"This is something completely new for the Catholic Church, though it was discussed during the illness of Pope John Paul II," the cardinal said. "I didn't know Pope Benedict XVI would make this decision, but the last time I talked to him he seemed physically tired. So I understand that the Holy Father has made this decision coherently and because he can't continue."
Andreas Dingstad, a spokesman for the Catholic diocese in the Norwegian capital of Oslo, said it may be time for a "youngish" pope, possibly from the developing world.
"The church is growing most in the south. So I think lots of people will be ready for a pope from Africa, Asia or South America. But who knows, it's the early days still," Dingstad said.
Spain's bishops are "affected and (feel) like orphans because of this decision that fills us with sorrow, because his rich teaching and his close paternity made us feel safe and enlightened," said Cardinal Antonio Rouco Varela, president of the Spanish Episcopal Conference.
The president of Peru's Roman Catholic bishops, Msgr. Salvador Pineiro, said Benedict's successor "has to be a pope with much physical strength." He noted that believers had become accustomed to the energy of his successor John Paul II, who traveled widely.
"It would make me very happy if the new pope were a Latin American," he added in a telephone interview from the country's Huamanga-Ayacucho region. "Although in Africa, they will ask that he be an African, and those in Rome will ask for a Roman."
The African nation with biggest Christian population, Nigeria, has some 20 million practicing Catholics. In Lagos, Nigeria's largest city, trader Chukwuma Awaegwu put his feelings simply Monday: "If I had my way an African should be the next pope, or someone from Nigeria."
"It's true they brought the religion to us, but we have come of age," he said. "In America, now we have a black president. So let's just feel the impact of a black pope."
Following the surprise resignation, Israeli leaders lauded Pope Benedict XVI as a friend.
One of Israel's two chief rabbis, Yona Metzger, said relations between the rabbinate and the Catholic Church "were the best ever" under Benedict. Israel's president, Shimon Peres, said the pope was a "clear voice against racism and anti-Semitism."
Louis Sako, the Iraq-based leader of the Chaldean Catholic Church, said the pope, in resigning, "is an example, when we cannot serve, to let another one do better." Sako met with the pope last week and said he noticed then how tired the pontiff seemed.
Antonio Marto, the bishop of Fatima in central Portugal, said Benedict resignation presents an opportunity to pick a church leader from a country outside Europe.
"Europe today is going through a period of cultural tiredness, exhaustion, which is reflected in the way Christianity is lived," Marto told reporters. "You don't see that in Africa or Latin America where there is a freshness, an enthusiasm about living the faith.
"Perhaps we need a pope who can look beyond Europe and bring to the entire church a certain vitality that is seen on other continents."
Anders Arborelius, the bishop of Stockholm's Catholic diocese, said the resignation would likely make it more common for future popes to step down when they feel old and frail. "It will probably be a new trend," he said.
Arborelius also said the new pope would probably not be a European.
"A lot suggests that it will be someone from another continent," he said. "The Church's center of gravity has moved from the West to the southern hemisphere."
Cardinal Wilfrid Napier of South Africa told The Associated Press "I think we would have a better chance of getting someone outside of the northern hemisphere this time, because there are some really promising cardinals from other parts of the world.
"It's a question of where is the kind of (and) the quality of leadership evident at the moment: Coming from a growing background rather than a holding or a maintenance background?"
French President Francois Hollande said Benedict's decision "stirs the greatest respect" and praised the pope "for all the efforts he led in support of peace."
"It's a courageous and exceptional decision," he said.
British Prime Minister David Cameron told lawmakers in Parliament that Benedict "has worked tirelessly to strengthen Britain's relations with the Holy See and his visit to Britain in 2010 is remembered with great respect and affection."


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"The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1 begins the 12-part conclusion of Mike Carey's and Peter Gross' series, which began in 2009. Cover by Yuko Shimizu. [Warning: This gallery contains profanity.] (Vertigo)Link
Peter Gross' variant cover for "The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1. (Vertigo)Link
A page from "The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1. (Vertigo)Link
A page from "The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1. (Vertigo)Link
Tom Taylor has seen the end of one world only to hurtle through "Apocalypse" in another.
The real adult human/fictional boy wizard of Mike Carey's and Peter Gross' literature-rich Vertigo series "The Unwritten" had been pulled into the mature-fairy-tale world of Bill Willingham's and Mark Buckingham's "Fables" for a story that ended in "Unwritten" No. 54, released in October, with cataclysmic results.
Now, after a short hiatus, the story continues with Wednesday's "The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1, the beginning of a 12-part story that will end the series that the former "Lucifer" collaborators launched back in 2009. Hero Complex readers can get a look at the covers and two interior pages from the first issue in the gallery above or in larger versions in the links below.
"The Unwritten: Apocalypse" No. 1: Cover | Variant | Page [link contains profanity] | Page
Over the course of his adventures, Tom has dealt with the consequences of being the subject of his father Wilson's blockbuster "Tommy Taylor" fantasy novels, fallen in love with Lizzie Hexam (yes, of Charles Dickens' "Our Mutual Friend," in a way), befriended journalist-turned-vampire Richie Savoy, confronted a phantom Joseph Goebbels, crossed paths with assassin Pauly Bruckner (who's trapped in the form of a storybook bunny), gotten advice from Frankenstein's creature, entered "Moby-Dick" and the story nexus/whale known as Leviathan, battled a narrative-controlling cabal and gone to hell.
There's also been a stand-alone graphic novel, last year's "Tommy Taylor and the Ship That Sank Twice," a telling of the story in Wilson Taylor's first bestselling novel — and the troubled creation of it. The volume made the Young Adult Library Services Assn.'s great graphic novels for teens list.
So where will "Apocalypse" take Tom?
In a phone interview last week with Hero Complex, U.K.-based writer Carey and Minnesota-based artist Gross discussed the relaunch as a jumping-on point, the beginning of "Apocalypse," how the "Unwritten Fables" crossover worked out, and more.
Hero Complex: You're launching Volume 2, and a No. 1 is a chance to grab new readers for this final run. What would you say to someone who's thinking about jumping on here?
Mike Carey: I think one of the things I'd say is that everything we've been doing up to now has led up to this, but that the "Fables" crossover was a huge game-changer. We're in a very, very different place as we relaunch. To say it's an excellent jumping-on point actually is true because we recap everything that's necessary as we go in. This last year really does stand as a climax to everything that we've done and as a separate story in its own right.
Peter Gross: I'd say that if you've heard good, interesting things about "Unwritten," that this last year is a different enough environment that it really stands on its own too…. It really does, in the way that the Tommy Taylor graphic novel does. You can read it by itself and then it's a whole different thing. It's like the way all this stuff is weaving together, you can read it alone. If you read it in a different order, you're going to get a different experience.
MC: I think the graphic novel is a good point of comparison there. Obviously, we hope that people will go back and read the whole thing, but this story is its own beast, its own animal.
HC: That was a poetic ending to "Unwritten Fables." … And you're following up ending the world with 12 issues of "Apocalypse." Where do the two of you start after ending the world?
MC: We start with a different world. We start with Tom coming home, which is not a simple, automatic process. It's a quest in its own right. Much as he's taken away in new knowledge from his meeting with the Fables, there are other things he still has to learn and things about that new knowledge that have to bear down. We open with a bit of storytelling that I think is some of Peter's best work – I think it's career-defining work – with Tom walking through many, many different worlds of fiction, each of which look and feel very different but with some obvious themes running through it.
PG: And then when Tom does get back – we haven't figured out exactly how long – it's years later. Not many, many years later, but the world is very changed. And that's where the "Apocalypse" part of the title comes in. It's a world that has undergone the consequences of everything else that happened in "Fables," and with Leviathan before that. It's a very, very different world.
HC: Can you give readers a taste of one of the "unwritten scenes of all the worlds' stories" that Tom tumbles through?
MC: We have an Aesop's fable, we have a Hans Christian Andersen story, we have "Alice in Wonderland," we have some of the more modern fantasy archetypes showing up, and we have the return to Willowbank Wood.
PG: They're all thematically about becoming human, I guess.
MC: Yeah. Harking back to the finale of the "Unwritten Fables" arc, one of the things that Frau Totenkinder told Tom was, pretty much in these words, the ladder of the worlds has no top and no bottom. How do you orientate yourself? How do you head toward reality if reality is just another story, if there literally is no endpoint? How do you find your direction? That's the big conundrum that's facing Tom.
HC: Tom's sense of identity, which has never been too firm and which was shaken up as the series began, might be more shaken up than ever after being turned into Tommy and then back in "Unwritten Fables." How's he as "Apocalypse" begins?
PG: [Laughs] I think that's exactly the place he's at. He literally starts this arc without a sense of identity, and he has to find that.
MC: He has to rebuild himself from scratch.
PG: I think what's going to be different about this last year, as you'll see from the first issue, is he finds a sense of identity, he has one. I think we're over the questioning phase of Tom trying to figure out what he is and now Tom deciding what he is.
MC: Which means accepting both sides of his nature.
PG: And, in a way, literally deciding what he is in the first issue.
HC: You mentioned Willowbank Wood popping up. Tom even fleetingly being in Willowbank Wood seems to call back to the two ideas that the two of you had that led to the creation of "The Unwritten," the trumpet that ends the world and Christopher Milne.
MC: We are very much coming full circle, and Willowbank Wood is central to that. There is a crucial conversation Tom has with Eliza Mae Hertford, the little girl of Issue 12, though she's not a little girl when he meets her. It speaks exactly to that question of what his real nature is and what his relationship with these worlds is.
HC: Has there been any sort of outcry over what happened to the "Fables" characters? Is anyone blaming you two for the upcoming end of that series?
PG: [Laughs] It was a shock when Bill said he was going to end the series. I thought, "Oh, maybe we had something to do with it," you know? There's been no backlash yet.
MC: No, no, the backlash hasn't come.
PG: I can see why Bill wouldn't want to continue after we put our stamp on. [Both laugh]
HC: More seriously, how did the crossover work out for you in terms of developing the big "Unwritten" story that you set out to tell?
MC: I think it was an amazingly good fit. People said at the time, and I agree, that if we hadn't been able to use "Fables," we would have to produce our own version of "Fables" because it fit so perfectly into the final ordeal that we wanted Tom to have before he returns home, and the trajectory we wanted for him to come back on. "Fables" just seemed to offer everything that we needed. And, of course, it was something to use those characters, to play in that toy box – particularly, for me, the witches, who have always been my favorite "Fables" characters.
PG: I think the interesting thing for us with the "Fables" thing is for readers it was us playing with Bill Willingham and Bucky's characters, but for Tom it was Tom kind of being stuck in a fractured fairy tale with characters that he vaguely recognized as fairy-tale characters, not "Fables" per se. He would have run into some version of these characters in his adventures, so it really did work out perfectly.
MC: One of the resonances that we didn't really think about going in but which turned out to be really fruitful and really interesting was Tom meeting and talking with Pinocchio and discovering how much he had in common with Pinocchio.
HC: Before Tom was pulled into the land of "Fables" back in 49, he and Lizzie and Richie, Wilson, Cosi and Leon were on their way up the stairs from hell, reenacting the Orpheus and Eurydice story. Will he be finding his way back to them?
MC: I don't want to anticipate too much. He's definitely going to meet some of those characters again, and he's going to discover what's been happening to them while he's been away. Some of them are in very different predicament to when he left. We'll start picking up on all of those plot lines.
HC: As "Unwritten" begins its yearlong concluding story, I wondered if the two of you might talk about your longtime collaborators, colorist Chris Chuckry, letterer Todd Klein and cover artist Yuko Shimizu?
PG: They've all been great. Chris, his work has really grown with the book, I think. There was a point, it was like Issue 37, 38, where we asked him to do a Pauly Bruckner story, and we asked him to color it a little more painterly, and it was so great we just decided, "Let's color the book that way from now on." He's brought a lot to the plate, I think.
And Todd is always incredible, and he's always been great to work with.
MC: There's an astonishing lettering effect in the first issue of "Apocalypse." It's really wonderful. Even the title becomes something extraordinary.
PG: And then we both can't say enough about Yuko.
MC: Agreed.
PG: Her stuff is extraordinary. She's by far the best cover artist in comics, I think. Every month, it's just a thrill to see her sketches come in as she's visualizing the things we're talking about doing. It's like a reward for us every month.
MC: When we saw the cover design, the initial sketch for the cover design of Issue 1, it just immediately discovered a theme for the three or four covers that follow it. It was just so strong, we just said, "Can you keep on exploring this with different characters?"
PG: And one thing I've said about Yuko before, but it is an an amazing thing and it's kind of rare: When you look at her covers before you read the story and then you look at her covers after you read the story, you get a completely different thing out of them. That doesn't happen a lot on comic covers. The way they weave into and out of the story, they're great.
MC: I also love the fact that Yuko's version of Tom is somewhat different from the version of Tom that we see inside. So it's almost like you're getting a parallel fictional narrative about Tom, which goes with the heart of what we're doing, really.
HC: Is there anything else you would like readers to know heading into "The Unwritten: Apocalypse"?
MC: Everything is on the table here. Basically, it starts at the end of the world and it just gets more intense from there.
PG: I hope we can pull off everything. [both laugh] … That we don't jump the shark along the way.
MC: It's a very ambitious story.
PG: There's a lot of balls in the air.
– Blake Hennon | @BlakeHennon | @LATHeroComplex
'The Unwritten': Carey, Gross reach No. 50, tap into 'Fables'
'The Unwritten,' reading between the lines of reality, fiction
NYCC 2013: Vertigo panel talks 'Sandman,' 'American Vampire,' more
'Fables': Bill Willingham lets 'Werewolves' loose
Fabletown and Beyond goes where others cons don't
'Coffin Hill': Caitlin Kittredge takes Eve back to her bloody roots
Lauren Beukes takes Rapunzel to Japan in 'Fairest: The Hidden Kingdom'


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ANCHORAGE, Alaska (AP) — An ice-clogged river in Alaska's interior that submerged much of a remote town was flowing again Thursday, sparing another nervous community in its path.
Floodwaters were dropping in Galena after the 30-mile ice jam downriver on the Yukon River broke and began moving Wednesday evening, emergency responders said.
Residents in the tiny village of Koyukuk, 13 miles downriver of the jam, had been bracing to be hit by a wall of flooding next. But lifelong resident Roy Nelson said that ice chunks in the Yukon River are flowing quickly past the community of 95.
"We just lucked out," Nelson said. "So far, it looks like we might be all right."
National Weather Service hydrologist Ed Plumb said the river has risen in Koyukuk, 360 miles northwest of Anchorage, but may not flood. So far, the water has not overflowed its banks, said Marie Dayton, a member of the Koyukuk city council.
But villagers spent days preparing for the worst in the flood-prone area, where homes are built on stilts. They parked boats and rafts outside their homes. They moved machinery and vehicles to the airport, which is on higher ground. They hoped to escape the fate of Galena, where floodwaters lifted homes off foundations, buried cars and led to most of the community of 500 being evacuated.
"Nobody was resting," Dayton said Thursday afternoon. "We slept all day today."
In Galena, the breaking of the ice jam was like opening a drain in a bathtub. But now comes the hard work of recovering and rebuilding. The falling floodwaters have left pools in lower areas and deposited big chunks of ice everywhere, including dumping them on already damaged roads. That makes travel difficult, Plumb said.
The sewage lagoon was completely submerged, prompting state emergency managers to call for experts to gauge contamination. The flood, which began Sunday, threatened to breach a dike protecting the airport, virtually the only dry spot that was left in the community. Tanks of heating fuel outside homes floated up and spilled. Power is out and so are phone lines and working bathrooms. Some houses were flooded to the roofs.
"It's going to be a long time for the community to get back to where it was," Plumb said.
No one was injured, but many are traumatized. At least 15 homes have been destroyed, estimates March Runner, among the few hundred residents who were evacuated to other communities, some bringing their dogs with them. Runner wanted to stay in Galena, but was urged to leave because of health issues, including diabetes. Before leaving for Fairbanks 270 miles to the east, Runner saw a house sitting on top of a pickup truck, she said.
Like many other Galena residents, Runner plans to return and help rebuild after the flooding many say ranks among the worst in the area. To those who ask why anyone would want to go back to a place that floods, she said this was not the average spring flood.
And residents want to go back for the same reason people who live in places hit by tornadoes or hurricanes rebuild there.
"This is their home," Runner said. "Why are they going to leave it?"
State emergency management spokesman Jeremy Zidek said the damage in Galena is being assessed. Gov. Sean Parnell plans to issue a state disaster declaration for Galena and any other communities affected by the Yukon River flooding, Parnell's spokeswoman Sharon Leighow said. A declaration would activate state disaster recovery funds.
Follow Rachel D'Oro at https://twitter.com/rdoro .


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The math shows why. Even if Republicans were to agree to Mr. Obama's core demand — that the top marginal income rates return to the Clinton-era levels of 36 percent and 39.6 percent after Dec. 31, rather than stay at the Bush-era rates of 33 percent and 35 percent — the additional revenue would be only about a quarter of the $1.6 trillion that Mr. Obama wants to collect over 10 years. That would be about half of the $800 billion that Republicans have said they would be willing to raise.
That calculation alone suggests the scope of the other major tax issues to be negotiated beyond tax rates. And that is why many people in both parties remain unsure that a deal will come together before Jan. 1. Without agreement, more than $500 billion in automatic tax increases on all Americans and cuts in domestic and military programs will take hold, which could cause a recession if left in place for months, economists say.
"The question is making sure that we hit a revenue target that's required for a truly balanced deficit-reduction plan," said Representative Chris Van Hollen of
The top tax rates are taking center stage right now because Mr. Obama believes he won a mandate after campaigning relentlessly on the idea of extending Mr. Bush's tax cuts only for households with annual income below $250,000. But the two parties also have ideological differences on taxes affecting savings, investment and inheritance, which have flared in battles going back to the Reagan years. To get a deal in the coming weeks, those differences must be addressed at least in broad terms, even if the details are left to a battle over revamping the tax code next year.Continue reading the main story
The argument over rates is far from settled. Although the two sides seem close enough on the percentages for easy compromise, principle and politics loom large: Republicans oppose raising rates as a matter of ideology, saying that it kills jobs, and the president insists that he will not keep the Bush-era rates on income above roughly $250,000 after two campaigns in which he vowed to return them to the levels of the Clinton years.
"Just to be clear, I'm not going to sign any package that somehow prevents the top rate from going up for folks at the top 2 percent," he said Thursday.
In recent days, comments from some Republicans, including Mr. Boehner, their chief negotiator, have hinted that the party — recognizing its weak hand — might be moving toward a concession on tax rates. Seldom mentioned is that Mr. Obama's revenue total also reflects four other changes from
Together those changes would raise $407.4 billion over a decade — nearly as much as the president's proposal on higher rates, which would raise $441.6 billion by 2023, for a total of $849 billion. Another $119 billion would come from higher
And both the president and Republicans are committed to raising hundreds of billions of dollars by overhauling the tax code to further limit or end the tax breaks that high-income taxpayers can claim, though they differ in how to do that.
Republicans want to raise all $800 billion from overhauling the tax code, erasing tax breaks for high-income households and using the new revenues both to reduce deficits and to lower everyone's tax rates. But they have not proposed how to do that, and the president insists it cannot be done without hitting middle-income taxpayers.
Mr. Obama has proposed to keep existing tax breaks but to limit the rate of those breaks for people in higher tax brackets to 28 percent, which would raise $584 billion in a decade. He has proposed variations of that proposal for four years, only to be ignored by both parties because of opposition from charitable groups, the housing industry, insurers and others to curbing deductions for charitable giving,
Yet both parties seem poised to confront that opposition because they want a budget deal to commit Congress and the White House to overhaul the tax code next year. That is another reason Mr. Obama wants to have the top rates as high as possible: The lower the rates now, the harder it would be to raise revenues next year in overhauling the code.
Some Republicans inside and outside of Congress agree. "Actually, I would rather see the rates go up than do it the other way because it gives us greater chance to reform the tax code and broaden the base in the future," Senator
Roughly splitting the difference on the top rates — settling at 35 percent and 37 percent — would collect nearly $200 billion over 10 years, under half the amount that would be raised if the rates reverted to Clinton-era levels, according to data from Citizens for Tax Justice and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy, research groups that advocate for a progressive tax code.
In the years of debate over the Bush tax cuts, which predates Mr. Obama's first election, $800 billion has been the rough estimate for how much revenue could be raised in the first decade by ending them for the highest-income 2 percent of taxpayers. But most attention focused on the top rates, which account for half of the revenue equation.
The remainder would come from the other four tax changes for Americans with the highest income, two raising taxes on investment income from capital gains and dividends and two restoring restrictions on the itemized deductions and exemptions claimed by high earners.
Under Mr. Obama's plan, the tax rates for long-term capital gains and dividends, now 15 percent, would revert to 20 percent for capital gains and to 39.6 percent for dividends, the same as for ordinary income. Republicans oppose the increases, and Senate Democrats oppose the proposed tax on dividends; their bill would tax both dividends and capital gains at 20 percent.
People in both parties say that the four tax issues can be readily worked out. Mr. Obama is widely expected to give ground on the main sticking point, the dividends tax. Yet that would mean roughly $100 billion less in additional revenue over 10 years than his current proposal for the higher dividend tax.
Another dispute is over estate and gift taxes. Here again Democrats are divided within as well as against Republicans, and big money is at stake — $118.8 billion through 2022 under Mr. Obama's plan, or $143.3 billion counting assorted other adjustments.
Currently, a two-year-old bipartisan compromise holds that inheritances are taxed at 35 percent, with an exemption of $5 million for each spouse. On Jan. 1 that will revert to a 55 percent tax beyond the first $1 million of inheritance. Mr. Obama is seeking a middle-ground 45 percent rate beyond $3.5 million, but some Democrats from states with large farms and ranches favor lower estate taxes.
All of these tax issues await some agreement on the core issue of marginal rates. And a final accord on taxes rests on separate questions of spending being settled — Republicans will not give further on raising revenues until they know what Democrats will agree to by way of long-term reductions in spending for


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The INA193INA198 family of current shunt monitors with voltage output can sense drops
across shunts at common-mode voltages from 16 V to +80 V, independent of the INA19x supply
voltage. They are available with three output voltage scales: 20 V/V, 50 V/V, and 100 V/V. The 500
kHz bandwidth simplifies use in current control loops. The INA193INA195 devices provide identical
functions but alternative pin configurations to the INA196INA198 devices, respectively.
The INA193INA198 devices operate from a single 2.7-V to 18-V supply, drawing a maximum
of 900 µA of supply current. They are specified over the extended operating temperature range
(40°C to +125°C), and are offered in a space-saving SOT-23 package.


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Removal from Private PropertyWe do not pick up deceased animals on private property or associated private lakes. If the deceased animal is on private property, please contact a private pickup service for its removal.
Removal from Interstate HighwaysTo request pick up of deceased animals on state-maintained roads, such as I-95 and I-595, please contact the
Florida Department of Transportation's Southeast Florida District Office at 954-776-4300.
Removal from Toll RoadsTo request pick up of deceased animals on Florida's Turnpike or the Sawgrass Expressway, please contact the Turnpike Operations Center at *347 or 954-975-4855 (after-hours).


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Welcome to NZ Bulbs.
NZ Bulbs is New Zealand's largest and best mail order and online bulb supplier. NZ Bulbs is part of Aorangi Bulb Nurseries and is a family owned business based in the Manawatu. NZ Bulbs has been growing and selling great quality, high-yielding bulbs to Kiwi gardeners for 61 years. If you've been looking for a specific type of bulb we're bound to have it!
To start shopping, click on the catalogue to the left, click on "Online Store" in the left hand menu, or choose from one of the bulb categories in the menu bar just above.
Did you know we now have email subscriptions available? Subscribe today to stay up to date. Click here to subscribe.
If you have any comments about on our site, Click here to send us feedback on our site.
You can sign up for a printed catalogue by clicking on this link. Click here to request a printed catalogue.
As horticultural regulations make it impractical to export small quantities, we can only ship to New Zealand addresses.


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Barney Hall stepping down as lead NASCAR announcer
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. (AP) — Barney Hall, the voice of NASCAR as the lead announcer for Motor Racing Network, was scheduled to call his final event Sunday at Daytona International Speedway.
Hall has been calling races for more than 50 years, and he will transition into a different role with MRN.
NASCAR President Mike Helton announced before Saturday night's pre-race driver meeting that Daytona would be the final race in the booth for the 82-year-old. The drivers and crew chiefs gave him a standing ovation after Helton noted his dedication to NASCAR.
The race was postponed by rain from Saturday night until Sunday.
"He was the first person in this industry who taught me about NASCAR, listening to him through the radio," Helton said. "For years and years, he has spoke to millions of fans — made millions of individuals into fans of our sport. Thank you for all you've done for us personally, but in particular, for all of you've done to build the character of NASCAR."
Hall, along with Ken Squier, is part of NASCAR's Squier-Hall Award, which was created in 2012 to honor the contributions of media to the success of the sport.
In his new role for MRN, Hall will do features about race tracks, races and drivers.


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Top Spin 3 offers the most authentic gameplay and features, including signature player animations and expressions, weather changes and situation-specific behaviors, along with revamped audio with enhanced crowd reaction.
Fans will also have the opportunity to play on more than 40 prestigious and visually stunning venues from around the world such as Roland Garros in Paris (French Open) and Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne (Australian Open). Adding to the immersive gameplay experience, fans can utilize a new and innovative Player Creator to customize their own unique tennis stars with free-form body sculpting, makeup and tattoos. Competitive players will also be able to create matches online and test their skills against friends or other ranked players around the world.
The Top Spin 3 player lineup includes the following:
- Mario Ancic
- Tomas Berdych
- James Blake
- Roger Federer
- Tommy Haas
- Justine Henin
- Svetlana Kuznetsova
- Amelie Mauresmo
- Gael Monfils
- Andy Murray
- Rafael Nadal (only available on the PlayStation 3)
- David Nalbandian
- Mark Philippoussis
- Andy Roddick
- Maria Sharapova
- Nicole Vaidisova
- Caroline Wozniacki
Classic legends (not available on all platforms)
- Boris Becker
- Bjorn Borg
- Monica Seles
Created by PAM Development, a 2K studio, Top Spin 3 is slated for a spring 2008 release for X360, PS3, Wii and NDS.
More articles about Top Spin 3