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Then I think you should include the rest of the quote...This is important to understand for CCD and Exmor where the sensors are called ISOless, because you will not get any result from increasing ISO in camera than you can get in the RAW conversion. In these cases, ISO for the photographer becomes the same as the sensor scientist...meaningless...except for the jpeg he sees in the LCD on the back of the camera.
Yes, I understand that. But you miss my point. I'll reiterate. There are circumstances when screwing around processing images isn't an option. In such circumstances raising the ISO to generate a 'normal' exposure is necessary. In those circumstances ISO is part of exposure.
This entire ETTR, exposure, ISO, testing takes me back to the mid 1980's while at photo school. I think 2nd trimester, we had one of our first assignments shooting color (first trimester we only shot 4x5 B&W film, it could not be burned or dodged in the darkroom for any assignment). This new color assignment was to shoot 4x5 color neg, I think it was Kodak VPS II or something. Stated ISO 160 on the box. The subject had to be stationary and have an 18% gray card in the center filling up at least 20%. We were to shoot at the recommended ISO, then 1, 2 and 3 stops under and over. We processed all the film together. Then in the darkroom, we had to make prints whereby the gray card on the print matched the actual gray card. Once all 7 prints were mounted and viewed, the results were very surprising! The plus 1 and 2 stops were easily printable and both produced a better print quality than the "normal" ISO 160 image. The under exposed prints all suffered compared to the 'normal' exposure.ISO 160 for VPS worked just fine! But rating it at ISO 80 (or 40) and treating the rest of the process the same produced a very visible and beneficial result! No Histograms. But we did expose to the right if you will.
OK...didn't read that in your comment, as I thought it was implicit in the original statement, "For a photographer, the exposure net result includes the consideration of ISO", as well as Bill Janes post.
What's it doing to reduce the noise? Good to know that at least some are agreeing that this process isn't increasing the photon count, I've been scratching my head trying to understand what the ISO on the Canon is doing to reduce the noise. Not implementing ETTR and setting the Canon to ISO 100 certainly doesn't produce the lowest noise in a capture. Why? I can understand the argument that exposure is Aperture + Shutter but then ISO, at least in this case, plays a role. Do we need a separate acronym for Canon cameras whereby we increase ISO, don't adjust 'exposure' based on the increase and end up with less noise?
I pay virtually no attention to anything Janes writes. And yes, 'implicit'. As in implied. Which is what I said originally when I noted 'Emil hints at it'. All I doing was trying to make it clearer.
Digital is linear and any shadow luminance will be recorded but any image detail may be lost in noise. The digital sensor response is linear without any shoulder and highlights will be clipped abruptly when the sensor saturates. Some highlight recovery may be possible with Bayer CFA sensors, since the red and blue channels may still have some detail, but the color information in the green channel that clips first (with daylight and most artificial illumination) will be lost.[snip]The concepts have not changed: one exposes to get optimal image quality, taking into account the characteristics of the medium.
Historical perspective is always helpful and many concepts learned earlier can be carried over into digital photography.
However, the response of negative film and the digital sensor are quite different.
Going back to your experiment with VPS the effect of exposure will depend on what you have surrounding your gray card.
This is the exact opposite of your findings with VPS, and we would call Ansel's exposure in this case as to the "Left".
I usually ignore your posts too, since any reasonable discussion with you is fruitless. You should brush up on basic definitions. Exposure is measured in lux seconds and is independent of the ISO. ISO (film speed on see Wikipedia) does affect our exposure decisions, since it describes how the sensor responds to exposure in terms of saturation.Regards
I feel exactly the same way and the rest of your statement is a perfect example of why. You are simply too caught up in the science and pedantry of dictionary definitions to make any discussion of practical photography possible. To borrow fro Jim's blog essay, you spend too much time sharpening pencils.
Exposure is measured in lux seconds and is independent of the ISO. ISO (film speed on see Wikipedia) does affect our exposure decisions, since it describes how the sensor responds to exposure in terms of saturation.
An appropriate exposure for a photograph is determined by the sensitivity of the medium used. For photographic film, sensitivity is referred to as film speed and is measured on a scale published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Faster film, that is, film with a higher ISO rating, requires less exposure to make a good image
That same page goes on to say:Again, maybe semantics, but the sentence above seems to link ISO and exposure together. Or as I said earlier, how can one expose properly, even within the ballpark without taking ISO into account?
Bob, in my opinion, understanding the definition of terms used....and by whom...is very important. This is why I bothered to post the difference in how photographers use 'exposure' and how "sensor scientist" (the actual definition) use it.If we do not all agree on the definition of the terms we are trying to discuss, we just talk past each other....which is what often happens on these forums.
Well said, Bill -- as usual. Thanks.There's something else that hasn't changed. Photographers can use knowledge of how their tools work to make better images, as you are proposing. They can also become fixated on technical minutia to a degree that it interferes with, or even prevents, making better images. Jim
Jim, masterfully stated, a compliment countered with constructive criticism.
I don't disagree. However, it's also possible to get too caught up in the precision of dictionary definitions and in doing so give too short shrift to, let's call them, working definitions. It's sort of like book learning vs practical experience. Book knowledge is important but what many learn early on in their working lives is that what's in the books bears little resemblance to how things actually work. Ask many lawyers, for example, and they'll tell you that what they learned in law school has little do do with the practice of law.
QuoteWe want to have maximum exposure possible as this minimimises the noise in the image. Agreed! QuoteSetting a higher ISO means underexposureExpect in the example I posted from the Canon <g>. QuoteWhat we really discuss is if it it better to underexpose at nomina ISO or set a higher ISO and let camera electronics play a few less or more dirty tricks.Seems to depend on the camera and sensor. And takes us back to the need to test the process. I'm sure everyone in this conversations understands you'd treat a camera JPEG differently than a raw in terms of exposure. I would suspect we came to this understanding by testing ETTR while capturing a JPEG. It does concern me that a Canon for example deals with ISO settings differently than other camera systems. But at due to some testing, I at least expect this and can say the advise that raising ISO always increases noise isn't always true.
We want to have maximum exposure possible as this minimimises the noise in the image.
Setting a higher ISO means underexposure
What we really discuss is if it it better to underexpose at nomina ISO or set a higher ISO and let camera electronics play a few less or more dirty tricks.


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j5 wrote:military intelligence
Applied science
neyfam2000 wrote:Woot!--going from "Deal-a-day" to "Site-a-day"
chennai8 wrote:Applied science
science project
j5 wrote:science project
science fair
AZGman wrote:science fair
animal farm
j5 wrote:animal farm
George Orwell
AZGman wrote:George Orwell
Orson Welles
j5 wrote:Orson Welles
wishing wells
AZGman wrote:wishing wells
coin collector
KtCallista wrote:coin collector
Tax man
street urchin
j5 wrote:Tax man
AZGman wrote:street urchin
unwanted visitor
KtCallista wrote:unwanted visitor
Home infestation
j5 wrote:Home infestation
alien invasion
KtCallista wrote:alien invasion
hi-tech visitors
tinsoldiergt wrote:hi-tech visitors
launch party
KtCallista wrote:launch party
home woot
j5 wrote:home woot
new roof
water damage
j5 wrote:water damage
leaky toilet
tinsoldiergt wrote:leaky toilet
plumbing emergency
chennai8 wrote:plumbing emergency
Empty Wallet
j5 wrote:Empty Wallet
moth house
AZGman wrote:moth house
flea bite
Raining wrote:flea bite
poop report
j5 wrote:poop report
daily digest
KtCallista wrote:daily digest
Dollar menu
j5 wrote:Dollar menu
cheap eats
AZGman wrote:cheap eats
early birds
pooflady wrote:early birds
blue plate
AZGman wrote:blue plate
Blue hairs
j5 wrote:Blue hairs
night club
KtCallista wrote:night club
ladies free
tinsoldiergt wrote:ladies free
male dancers
pooflady wrote:male dancers
bachelorette party
(took me a min to think of something that wouldn't get me the dog )
KtCallista wrote:bachelorette party
(took me a min to think of something that wouldn't get me the dog )
male stripper!
pooflady wrote:male stripper!
clothing optional
tinsoldiergt wrote:clothing optional
nude beach
pooflady wrote:nude beach
naked shoreline
tinsoldiergt wrote:naked shoreline
bay watch
j5 wrote:bay watch
artificial stimulation
View All →

subset: commoncrawl


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IN.gov - Skip Navigation
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April 5th, 2014 marked the date of the Fourth Annual Indiana Black Barbershop Health Initiative. This year the Indiana Commission on the Social Status of Black Males teamed up with Telamon and other partners to bring the initiative to thirteen Indiana cities, utilizing over fifty barbershops, over two hundred barbers and more than three hundred volunteers.
Recent figures from the Indiana Department of Health show African American men have the highest mortality rate of any group in Indiana. African American men also suffer from prostate cancer at a higher level in Indiana than any other racial or ethnic group.
This year over seven hundred free health screenings were performed by our health professionals and volunteers across the state. The ICSSBM and our partners are encouraged by the turn out.
Health information was given out along with the screening to give participants a better picture of the risks that they may face, and equipping them with the resources and knowledge needed to take control of their personal health. The results of these screening will also allow the ICSSBM and our partners to direct future health efforts in the areas needed most.
This year's statewide initiative partners include Admiral Medical Supplies, Affecting Cancer Together (ACT) and the Indiana Minority Health Coalition. The initiative also enjoys support from local health and community partners and is thankful for the public engagement in each city, and we look forward to making next year's Indiana Black Barbershop Health Initiative an even greater success.
Click HERE for a list cities that participated.
Click HERE for event photos.


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Johan Santana didn't last two innings in his last start, so did he really need to be pushed back from today's start?
Terry Collins said he'd take every opportunity to give Santana extra rest when he could and this was the ideal thing to do simply based on the probability of lousy weather. The forecast is rain throughout the day, so the odds are the Mets might not get in both games of their doubleheader today against the Giants. They might not even get in one game.
However, Collins didn't want to take the chance of wasting Santana today by having him sit through a long delay and not being able to bring him back. The bonus in pushing back the rotation is it also keeps Mike Pelfrey from pitching against the Marlins, a team that owns him.
The Mets have learned a lot about Santana durning his rehab from shoulder surgery, but what they don't know is how he'll respond after starting and his ability to come back from a long delay. And, with the weather also cooler, there's no sense in taking this risk.
With the Giants not coming in again this season, the doubleheader was the only option. However, if the games get bagged today they'll have to play one anyway. This is another problem with the unbalanced schedule, which is a byproduct of interleague play.
What I don't understand is why MLB scheduled the Giants in this early in the first place. The weather is always suspect this time of year, so why schedule a team that won't come in again, or one that is three time zones away? With fewer and fewer off days in the schedule, there should be more foresight in the scheduling.
Keep April within the division, or no farther away then the Central Time Zone. That way, a team has to travel no more than two hours on an off day to make the game up. Just common sense.


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Loudspeaker Driver
Application ID: 1369
This example shows you how to model a loudspeaker of the dynamic cone driver type, common for low and medium frequencies. The model analysis includes the total electric impedance and the on-axis sound pressure level at a nominal driving voltage, as functions of the frequency. The spatial characteristics of the speaker are depicted in a directivity plot.
The tutorial model is set up using a combination of the Magnetic Fields interface and the Acoustic-Structure Interaction multiphysics interface. A first analysis solves only the electromagnetic part of the problem when the driver is at rest. From here, a driving force factor and the blocked voice coil impedance can be extracted and exported for further analysis. The final analysis is of the full model, including the relevant multiphysics interactions that include the driving voltage to solve the computed sound pressure level.
This model example illustrates applications of this type that would nominally be built using the following products:Acoustics Module
however, additional products may be required to completely define and model it. Furthermore, this example may also be defined and modeled using components from the following product combinations:
The combination of COMSOL® products required to model your application depends on several factors and may include boundary conditions, material properties, physics interfaces, and part libraries. Particular functionality may be common to several products. To determine the right combination of products for your modeling needs, review the Specification Chart and make use of a free evaluation license. The COMSOL Sales and Support teams are available for answering any questions you may have regarding this.


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STEM Map View
STEM Map View
The STEM Map View is a light weight build in viewer that allows a user to watch a simulation at run time. Just start a new simulation with the STEM application by selecting any scenario, right-click and select run. STEM will automatically switch to the Run-time perspective and you should see the map view by default. STEM also supports other viewers including GoogleEarth(TM) and GoogleMaps(TM).
The internal Map View should is visible by default in the run time perspective. When a valid simulation is started, after the data is loaded into memory the map should display the polygons corresponding to the administrative divisions in the region being modeled.
- To move or recenter the map, simply click, hold, and drag to the region of interest.
- To zoom in or out, use the up and down arrow keys
Right clicking anywhere on the map brings up a dialog that allows a user to:
- Change the gain factor or "brightness" of the display
- Toggle between logarithmic or linear mapping between (e.g.) the fraction of infectious people and color intensity
- Turn polygon borders on/off
During a running simulation if you hover the cursor over the map an informational dialog will appear with:
- The name and ID of the location the cursor is over
- The area
- Information on populations present
- SEIR indicators and the current percent value
- Latitude and Longitude of cursor location
- Timestamp value
On the lower left hand side of the map view (see above) is a combo box that allows a viewer to select different types of edges to display. By default, no edges are displayed. If the graph in a running simulation contains edges such as common borders or roads, you can select them with this combo box and see them on the map. In the example above, common borders between physically adjacent regions are shown. Do you see the places where neighboring regions are separated by a river? These have no connecting edge. Users can add new edge collections to STEM (for example bridges) and add them to a graph. In the future we will also provide an interactive graphical editor.
STEM also provides the ability for users to customize colors used in the system. To use this feature, when the simulation is running simply go to the top menu-bar and click
This will bring up a dialog for user preferences. Expand the tags
The Visualization tag itself allows a user to assign a particular color to particular types of data (for example, 'I' => RED). The Map Colors tab allow customization of Map Foreground and Background colors, polygon border colors, edge Colors, etc.
Hide options bar
In order to increase the map area, the lower options bar can be hidden by toggling "Shop Options" in the context menu
View preferences
The number of open map views, map position and zoom, view adaptions in the context menu as well as in the the options bar are automatically stored as preferences as a function of the running simulation. If this simulation is run another time, the preferences will be restored. If a view is no longer needed, it must be closed while the simulation is running/paused. Consequently the view will be removed from the preferences and no longer opens up when the simulation is started again.


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Shilbottle (Northumberland, England) DAB transmitter
|Google map
|Bing map
|Google Earth
|55.367,-1.700 or 55°21'59"N 1°42'1"W
This transmitter has no current reported problemsThe BBC and Digital UK report there are no faults or engineering work on the Shilbottle (Northumberland, England) transmitter.
UK Free TV shows the coverage area for a radio transmitter as a coloured overlay (orange for FM, other colours for DAB) on the grey map. We have computed the coverage by combining the terrain with the official radiation pattern. A single click will select the transmitter to view the coverage for a single site, and a double click goes to a page showing full details. Click on the buttons in the right-hand corner of the map to choose from different frequencies (or multiplexes for DAB).
map is loading, please wait...
Shilbottle DAB transmitter
BBC National DAB 12B at 950W
BBC National DAB 12B at 950W
|BBC National DAB
|BBC AsianNetwork BBC Radio 1 BBC Radio 1Xtra BBC Radio 2 BBC Radio 3 BBC Radio 4 BBC Radio 4Extra BBC Radio 6Music BBC WorldService Radio 5 Extra Radio 5 Live
What do the map symbols mean?DAB radio transmitter.
Other local mapsShilbottle DAB Shilbottle AM/FM DAB in Northumberland AM/FM in Northumberland
CommentsYour comment please


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Performance improvement is an interest of mine. I have previously blogged and podcasted about the strategies I employed to liftmy game (from rock-bottom) when working in an extreme environment – a South African township ED.
I first became aware of 'deliberate practice' after reading an excellent St. Emlyn's post last year. I had never encountered the concept before, but it resonated with me becauseit resembles certain aspectsof how I've approached self-improvement in a professional setting, particularly when desperate to prove myself in South Africa.
The psychologist who originally described deliberate practice,
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, has recently published a book –. It exploresthe 'science of expertise', for which he is the world's leading expert – the expert on experts.
I thought I'd discussa few of my take-home points from the book.
"I am not talented, I am obsessed" – Conor McGregor, UFC lightweight champion
Too often, wider society's assumptionis thatelite performersare naturally 'gifted'. They have been magically blessed with superhuman ability. According to Ericsson, this is false.
No-one is born with an innate ability to perform at expert level, in any domain. All exceptional performers, regardless of field, have had to push themselves through a very intense practice regime to get to where they are. They have learnt how to be brilliant.
Ericsson repeatedly makes the point that in his 30+ years of studying an extraordinarily wide range of expert performers, from grandmaster chess players to professional tennis playersto concert violinists, he is yet to encounter a genuine 'prodigy' – somebody born with prerequisite skills for expert performance.
Ericsson's favourite example of the 'God-given talent' fallacy is legendary composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . Froman astonishingly young age, Mozart wowed audiences in concert halls across Europe with his apparent mastery of multiple musical instruments, and was labelled a child prodigy.Not so much, it turns out. The history books reveal that Wolfgangcould barelywalk before commencing a comprehensivetraining regime designed by his father, a pioneer in musical training. Furthermore, Ericsson claims that if he were around today he would barely stand out from the crowd. In fact, it's been demonstrated that Suzoki Method -trained child musicians are often able to perform to a higher level thanMozart was ever capable of achieving.
A key component of Mozart's prodigious skillset was thought to be his possession of perfect pitch – the ability to accuratelyname a musical note upon hearing it in isolation. The assumption wasthat itspontaneously emerged from birth and was un-teachable. It has since been proven that anyone can be trained in perfect pitch, particularly if they've received appropriate training between theages of 3 and 5 years. Intriguingly, it is now acknowledged to be fairly commonfor children born in countries where tonal languages (e.g. Mandarin) are spoken to possess perfect pitch if musically trained. No magic involved.
Home video records (by means of smartphone technology) are very useful in all forms of TLOC to allow signs of an attack to be studied. Patients and their relatives should be urged to record attacks, if possible, in cases of diagnostic uncertainty. In epilepsy, advances are made towards prolonged video and EEG recording in patients' homes. 206 , 207 For syncope or PPS, experience suggests that the chances of obtaining a video record are higher for PPS than for syncope, which is probably the effect of a high frequency and long duration of attacks in PPS. It is rare for the beginning of events to be recorded. 206 Home video records allow complex events such as syncope-induced epileptic seizures to be diagnosed. 208
Video recording in suspected syncope
Video recording in suspected syncope
In an overview of eight studies, including 625 patients with syncope undergoing EPS, 209 positive results occurred predominantly in patients with structural heart disease. In recent years, the development of powerful non-invasive methods, i.e. prolonged ECG monitoring, showing a higher diagnostic value, has decreased the importance of EPS as a diagnostic test. In clinical practice, registry data show that approximately 3% of patients with unexplained syncope evaluated by cardiologists undergo EPS and even fewer if they are evaluated by other specialists. 71 Nevertheless, EPS remains useful for diagnosis in the following specific clinical situations: asymptomatic sinus bradycardia (suspected sinus arrest causing syncope), bifascicular BBB (impending high-degree AV block), and suspected tachycardia.
The pre-test probability of bradycardia-related syncope is relatively high when there is asymptomatic sinus bradycardia (<50 b.p.m.) or sinoatrial block, usually documented by 12-lead ECG or ECG monitoring. The prognostic value of a prolonged sinus node recovery time (SNRT) is not well defined. An abnormal response is defined as ≥1.6 or 2 s for SNRT, or ≥525 ms for corrected SNRT. 210 One observational study showed a relationship between the presence of prolonged SNRT at EPS and the effect of pacing on symptoms. 211 Another small prospective study showed that a corrected SNRT ≥800 ms had an eight-fold higher risk of syncope than a SNRT below this value. 212
Patients with bifascicular block and syncope are at higher risk of developing high-degree AV block. 213 A prolonged HV interval ≥70 ms, or induction of second- or third-degree AV block by pacing or by pharmacological stress (ajmaline, procainamide, or disopyramide), identifies a group at higher risk of developing AV block. By combining the above-mentioned parts of the electrophysiological protocol, a positive EPS yielded a positive predictive value as high as ≥80% for the identification of patients who will develop AV block in old studies. 214–216 This finding has been indirectly confirmed by recent studies that showed a significant reduction in syncopal recurrences in patients with prolonged HV implanted with a pacemaker compared with a control group of untreated patients with a negative EPS 188 , or with a control group who received an empiric pacemaker. 217 These results justify an upgrade of the recommendation for EPS-guided therapy (i.e. cardiac pacing) in patients with a positive EPS from class IIa to class I.
The scenario subset selection transformation ( T 2 ) involves determining which values of f ′ ( x i , S ) to use in the robustness metric calculation ( T 3 ) (i.e., f ′ ( x i , S ′ ) ⊆ f ′ ( x i , S )), which is akin to selecting a subset of the available scenarios over which system performance is to be assessed. This reflects a particular degree of risk aversion, where consideration of more extreme scenarios in the calculation of a robustness metric corresponds to a higher degree of risk aversion and vice versa. As can be seen from Table 1 , which scenarios are considered in the robustness calculation is highly variable between different metrics.
The third transformation ( T 3 ) involves the calculation of the actual robustness metric based on transformed system performance values ( T 1 ) for the selected scenarios ( T 2 ), which corresponds to the transformation of f ′ ( x i , S ′ ) to a single robustness value, R ( x i , S ). This equates to an identity transform in cases where only a single scenario is selected in T 2 , as there is only a single transformed performance value, which automatically becomes the robustness value. However, in cases where there are transformed performance values for multiple scenarios, these have to be transformed into a single value by means of calculating statistical moments of these values, such as the mean, standard deviation, skewness or kurtosis.
In this section, a taxonomy of different robustness metrics is given in accordance with the three transformations introduced in Section
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. A summary of the three transformations, as well as the relative level of risk aversion, is provided in Section 3.4 .
A categorization of different robustness metrics in accordance with the performance value transformation ( T 1 ) is given in Table 2 . As can be seen, the categorization is based on (1) whether calculation of a robustness metric is based on the absolute performance of a particular decision alternative or the performance of a decision alternative relative to that of another decision alternative or a benchmark; and (2) whether a robustness metric provides an indication of actual system performance or whether system performance is satisfactory compared with a pre‐specified performance threshold.
Many of the classic decision analytic robustness metrics belong to the bottom‐right hand quadrant of Table 2 , including the maximax and maximin criteria, Hurwicz's optimism‐pessimism rule and Laplace's principle of insufficient reason, as well as well more recently developed metrics such as the mean‐variance criterion, percentile based skewness and percentile‐based peakedness. These metrics utilize information about the absolute performance (e.g., cost, reliability) of a particular decision alternative in a particular scenario. Consequently, values of f ( x i , S ′ ) consist of these performance values, and robust decision alternatives are those that maximize system performance across the scenarios. The difference between these metrics is which values of the distribution of performance values over the different scenarios f ( x i , S ) they use in the robustness calculation (i.e., scenario subset selection ( T 2 )) and how these values are combined into a single value of R (i.e., robustness metric calculation ( T 3 )), as discussed in Sections 3.2 and 3.3 .
IEP Advice for Parents | Disability Resources | Special Education Advocacy
by 2 Comments
"Who gets to decide what is an age appropriate interest for a disabled or autistic child?" This is an issue that has been on my mind a lot lately. My son will be 9 this summer, and as I've posted many times, he just loves all things Sesame Street. At a very early age (between 6-12 months) he showed a strong preference to all things Elmo, which of course is normal for babies and toddlers. What we didn't know, since he was not diagnosed with until age 2, is that he also has a strong preference for rich, saturated colors.
I am updating this post and republishing it, 2 years after original date.
Actually, all babies prefer those kinds of colors, which is why things like Sesame Street and Barney are more popular than pastel colored things. He has moved from Elmo to The Count to Ernie and back again, but he loves his Sesame Street toys and books, and it's why I continue to be an ambassador for Sesame Place. We love it that much. It's fun for him and nostalgic for me.
But, while Sesame Place has rides and attractions for tweens and up, Sesame Street is thought by most people to be for the preschool set. Maybe up to Kindergarten or 1st grade, but not much past that. Am I right?
For the most part, I have fostered and encouraged his interest in this while at the same time trying to introduce him to new things. Birthdays and holidays around here almost always have a bunch of Sesame Street items to be unwrapped and I am always on the hunt for more when I am out consignment shopping (he is very hard on toys and they wear out quickly). Almost daily, he reads one of his many Sesame Street books on his 35-minute commute to school.


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My DD turned 4MO on friday, mostly breastfed and occasionally bottle fed with EBM and I am SAHM. She is bottlefed either by her grandparents or dad only when i am away at work, which is about once or twice a week and about two bottles each time. usually she isnt very fond of bottles, drinking less from the bottle and nursing more frequently when i come back. But since last night she fed only thrice over a period of 13 hrs. and since today morning just refusing to feed at breast. She took the bottle twice and infact asked for it... she was holding the bottle herself (quite surprising ....)
How can this happen overnight ????
I am hoping this is something temporary, please someone reassure me that this is not going to last..


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SAN JOSE, Calif. — November 19, 2013 — North America-based manufacturers of semiconductor equipment posted $1.12 billion in orders worldwide in October 2013 (three-month average basis) and a book-to-bill ratio of 1.05, according to the October EMDS Book-to-Bill Report published today by SEMI. A book-to-bill of 1.05 means that $105 worth of orders were received for every $100 of product billed for the month.
The three-month average of worldwide bookings in October 2013 was $1.12 billion. The bookings figure is 13.3 percent higher than the final September 2013 level of $992.8 million, and is 51.4 percent higher than the October 2012 order level of $742.8 million.
The three-month average of worldwide billings in October 2013 was $1.07 billion. The billings figure is 4.9 percent higher than the final September 2013 level of $1.02 billion, and is 8.7 percent higher than the October 2012 billings level of $985.5 million.
"Both equipment orders and billings improved in the October data, resulting in a book-to-bill ratio returning above parity," said Denny McGuirk, president and CEO of SEMI. "Order activity is well above the figures reported one year ago and point towards on-going investments in advanced process technologies for NAND Flash, microprocessor, and foundry."
The SEMI book-to-bill is a ratio of three-month moving averages of worldwide bookings and billings for North American-based semiconductor equipment manufacturers. Billings and bookings figures are in millions of U.S. dollars.
May 2013
June 2013
July 2013
August 2013
September 2013 (final)
October 2013 (prelim)
Source: SEMI, November 2013
The data contained in this release were compiled by David Powell, Inc., an independent financial services firm, without audit, from data submitted directly by the participants. SEMI and David Powell, Inc. assume no responsibility for the accuracy of the underlying data.
The data are contained in a monthly Book-to-Bill Report published by SEMI. The report tracks billings and bookings worldwide of North American-headquartered manufacturers of equipment used to manufacture semiconductor devices, not billings and bookings of the chips themselves. The Book-to-Bill report is one of three reports included with the Equipment Market Data Subscription (EMDS).
SEMI is the global industry association serving the nano- and micro-electronic manufacturing supply chains. Our 1,900 member companies are the engine of the future, enabling smarter, faster and more economical products that improve our lives. Since 1970, SEMI has been committed to helping members grow more profitably, create new markets and meet common industry challenges. SEMI maintains offices in Bangalore, Beijing, Berlin, Brussels, Grenoble, Hsinchu, Moscow, San Jose, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Tokyo, and Washington, D.C. For more information, visit www.semi.org.
Association Contacts
Dan Tracy/SEMI
Phone: 1.408.943.7987
Email: email@example.com
Deborah Geiger/SEMI
Phone: 1.408.943.7988
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Next SEMI Book-to-Bill: December 19, 2013 at 3:00pm Pacific Standard Time (PST)
For information on SEAJ Book-to-Bill Report, visit www.seaj.or.jp
# # #


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No newspaper on July 4 holiday
July 02. 2013 9:57PM
The New Hampshire Union Leader will not publish Thursday, July 4, the Independence Day holiday. Breaking news will be posted on UnionLeader.com.
You will find our NH Weekend section inside today's paper, and selected Thursday features, including the Veterans and Religion pages, will be published Friday, July 5. These features also will be available through the e-Edition to all daily and Sunday subscribers. Subscribers who have not yet registered for access to the e-Edition and to UnionLeader.com can do so at UnionLeader.com/register.


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It?s a beautiful day, and you decide to take advantage of the sunshine and fresh air by taking a walk, maybe just in your neighborhood, or in a nearby park. As you?re strolling along, enjoying the greenery, you hear a sharp, cracking sound, and look up to see a branch falling from a tree down the road, smashing the windshield of the car parked beneath it.
During the hot summer weather, the phenomenon known to ar-borists as ?summer limb drop? takes place in numerous species of trees, including the common oak and eucalyptus trees. This type of limb drop generally occurs in the warmer climates where the newly formed branches grow very fast. In some cases, improperly topped tree branches are a major starting point for this type of limb drop. In other cases, cracks or decay may be a factor.
The jagged end of the limb
For example, in northern California a large limb that fell onto the highway involved limb drop. It was dark at the time and had been raining. Tragically, the jagged end of the limb broke through the windshield of a passing car, killing the driver and seriously injuring the passenger.
The court determined that the tree was part of a row of eucalyptus trees planted along the highway, and that the defendants knew that limbs had been falling from these trees for years. They also knew that the particular limb with which the plaintiffs? car collided on that dark night had previously extended over the highway for some 30 feet.
A tree surgeon familiar with the area testified that the limbs of the tree involved were healthy and that he saw no evidence of rot, decay or disease. He did state, however, that in Napa County, California, eucalyptus trees grow very fast and become ?rangy? ? or, as Webster?s New World Dictionary so aptly defines that word ? ?long-limbed and slender.? The tree surgeon added that these eucalyptus limbs have a tendency to break during the hot days of summer because of the excessive flow of sap and, in the early fall, with the first rains and winds; and that the trees will drop their limbs ? even good, healthy ones.
He further testified that the standard method of preventing eucalyptus trees from becoming hazardous is to top them and shorten their limbs so as to reduce the amount of leverage at the points where the limbs are apt to break; and that he performed this service for 10 or 15 clients a year.
The defendant testified she had been told that eucalyptus trees drop their limbs. She added that, as far as she could see, her trees were healthy. However, she admitted that she?d had no work done on them by a tree surgeon for five years, although she well knew that eucalyptus limbs do fall at times.
The court found that the row of eucalyptus trees planted alongside the highway constituted a ?non-natural or artificial condition? and stated the following rule: ?A possessor of land is subject to liability for bodily harm caused to others outside the land (which included the adjacent highway) by a structure or other artificial condition thereon, which the possessor realizes or should realize as involving an unreasonable risk of such harm if ?(a) the possessor has created the condition or ?(b) the possessor when he takes possession knows or should know the condition which was created before he took possession.?
As the court pointed out, the distinguishing factor in this case is the natural propensity of healthy, untrimmed eucalyptus limbs to fall to the ground, and the defendant?s knowledge of such propensity. The rule in California is that a landowner is liable for conditions occurring where he fails to exercise reasonable care to prevent an unreasonable risk of harm to users of the highway from trees on his property.
On a rope swing
In another case, the plaintiff, an 11-year-old minor, was injured while playing on a rope swing. The swing was located on property owned and maintained by the defendants. The rope swing was attached to an oak tree in a recreational area on the defendant?s property. Six children jumped on a pole attached to the swing, and the supporting branch gave way, striking the plaintiff.
Plaintiff contended that the defendants recognized the danger posed by the swing in the oak tree but failed to take adequate steps to remove the swing. It was also contended that, if the defendants had commissioned periodic inspections of the tree, such inspections would have revealed that the branch supporting the swing was rotted.
An expert witness testified as to the dangers posed by older oak trees due to their propensity for rot and for shedding branches. He said many owners and managers of properties, with similar recreational use, schedule regular inspections on at least an annual basis. The expert witness also testified that particular training would be necessary to identify signs of rot in limbs, which some nurserymen, arborists and foresters may not have sufficient training to recognize.
The defendants contended that they owed the plaintiff no duty of care as he was a recreational user of the subject property; that they had no notice of the rotted condition and no information suggesting that they should conduct annual inspections of the tree; and that they took reasonable steps to prevent injuries on their premises.
The plaintiff?s attorney asked the jury for a finding of liability against the defendants. During settlement talks, the plaintiff demanded $500,000. The defendant offered to settle for $99,000. The jury was out for 45 minutes after a four-day trial and returned a verdict for the defendant. The injured child received nothing.
Legislative intent
The determinative factor in this case was most likely a section of California law that limits the duty of care owed by property owners to persons using the property for designated recreational purposes. These include tree climbing, fishing, hunting, camping, water sports, hiking, riding, rock collecting, nature study and viewing or enjoying scenic, natural or scientific sites.
The purpose of the law is to encourage landowners to allow members of the general public to use their land for recreational purposes without incurring liability for permitting use.
It is highly probable that, without the defense of this section, the defendant in this case would have been found liable under the circumstances, in view of the expert witness testimony regarding the dangers posed by older oaks, coupled with the fact that many owners and managers of properties with similar recreational use schedule regular inspections on at least an annual basis.
It should also be noted that this section does not limit liability which otherwise exists for willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against a dangerous condition, use, structure or activity. Nor does it limit liability for injury suffered in any case where permission to enter for the recreational purpose was granted for consideration, i.e., admission fee, or to persons who are expressly invited rather than merely permitted to come upon the premises by the landowner.
It should be further noted that public entities (municipalities such as cities and/or counties) are not protected by this section. Only private landowners are protected. This is in keeping with the legislative purpose to encourage private landowners to allow the general public to recreate free of charge on their property without risk of liability.
Not just private landowners
Today, it is the domain of the consulting arborist to provide professional evaluation and analysis of specific trees or plants involved in any given case. Often, this may require sophisticated forensic techniques to determine tree health or condition at the time of the incident and the value of the tree, if that is a factor in the case.
Increasingly, it is not just private landowners who are involved in litigation over trees. Public entities such as state agencies, cities, counties and other governmental bodies are frequent parties to litigation arising out of incidents relating to trees.
Parties maintaining hazardous conditions on their premises are harboring potential for liability. Professional arborists are being called upon with increasing frequency to advise landowners regarding awareness of potential liabilities and appropriate remedies.
Whether it be an insurance claim for a car damaged by a summer limb drop, a resulting lawsuit, a casualty loss assessment for tax purposes or expert testimony before a judge or jury, the specialized forensic techniques employed by arborists to make proper findings are available to modern litigators during both summer and winter.
November 2002


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WASHINGTON, Jan. 12 (UPI) -- A U.S. energy trade group seized on the president's employment platform by saying the Keystone XL pipeline is really about job creation.
Canadian pipeline company TransCanada plans to build its Keystone XL pipeline to carry oil from tar sands projects in Alberta to refineries along the southern U.S. coast.
A law extending payroll tax benefits contained a rider that gave President Barack Obama until mid-February to determine if the pipeline is in the national interest.
Jack Gerard, president and chief executive officer at the American Petroleum Institute, sent a letter to Obama explaining the economic benefits of the project.
"Our country needs this shovel-ready project because it will create jobs, boost our national security, and spur economic growth," Gerard explained. "It's a win-win proposition."
Gerard contends that if Keystone XL gets approved, Canadian crude deliveries to the United States by 2020 would be twice what the country gets from the Middle East.
"Enhancing our energy partnership with Canada will strengthen America's energy future," he said.
Ben Gotschall, energy director for Keystone XL opponent Bold Nebraska, said this week TransCanada and its supporters have grossly exaggerated the economic benefits for the project.
TransCanada's first leg of Keystone, which passes through Nebraska, has only generated $2.2 million in revenue, though the company, Gotschall said, promised about twice that amount. The same, he said, holds for employment figures.
"The people of this state are more intelligent than you apparently give us credit for," he said in a letter to TransCanada.


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Determination is always associated with multiple set-backs, perhaps a failure or two or three, and thoughts of "giving up." It was at a "down" point that I met and talked with Jaleesa Jones.
Let us listen in on what she had to says about it: Since my years in high school and during my current years in college I have met many students and fellow peers who have expressed aspirations of becoming health professionals. However, during my four years of college I have met many fellow "aspiring medical students" who have decided to rethink their medical career plans-some become wearied by the heavy academic work load, others may not score well on the MCAT, and others may become discouraged by the rigorous and stressful application and interviewing process which is a required step toward becoming a student of medicine. Being that I am a current Biology major at Baylor University I have encountered many struggles during my academic career. I even thought about dismissing my dream of becoming an orthopedic surgeon due to an overwhelming schedule. But in the back of my mind I knew that I did not want to settle for less. I needed to push myself past my comfort zone and past my mistakes in order to elevate my capacity for learning and my capacity for enduring difficult circumstances.
I was blessed to be able to receive wise counsel from Joseph A. Bailey, an orthopedic surgeon and advocate for the developing of youth life skills. Doctor Bailey, not only shared helpful information on how to be successful in medical school, but he also made a statement that I will never forget "Never give up" he said, "Never stop- If you get tired GO TO SLEEP, but don't ever stop!". This statement continues to encourage me past the late nights of studying and the mornings that I wish I could just stay in bed. As future medical professionals we should expect trials and uncomfortable situations to occur on our journey, but we should also expect to learn, grow, and adapt because of those situations, thus allowing us to be experienced, wel l-rounded, tested individuals with a conscious awareness of what is necessary to become great health care providers and to impact the lives of people in our communities in the most positive and uplifting ways.
I also believe that if we figure out why we are traveling this journey in medicine and constantly remind ourselves of that reason; it will maintain the drive and perseverance we need to be successful. My reason is my family and the people in my community. Being an African- American woman , I am underrepresented in the medical field especially that of orthopedic surgery. I feel that my journey (tripups included) will help my young nieces and nephews, children at my church home and just the youth that I may come across to help them see that their goals are not set too high and that they can become a surgeon even though no one in their immediate family finished college, or that they can become an astronaut even if their family cannot afford airline tickets at the present time. So you see, for me my success is not just about myself, or the potential large figure salary I may earn, but it is mainly about the passion that I have to help others medically and the desire I have to see other hopeful youth excel and succeed. What is your passion? What is your motivation? It is clear that we lack an easy to follow guide to assist us in reaching our goals, and most learning comes by trial and error, but the key is that we do learn, grow, and adapt to become the most phenomenal individuals that we can possibly be and impact our communities as such. I pray peace and blessings as you travel your journey.
Things to consider and apply to your daily journey: Team up with people who are also goal oriented; Be Vocal; Seek wise counsel; Be deliberate with your life and your choices; Most important-"Never give up!"


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Phase I Trial of the Combination of Zidovudine and Recombinant Interleukin-2 in Patients With Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000728
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : August 31, 2001
Last Update Posted : April 26, 2012
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- No Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
To evaluate the short-term effects of administering zidovudine ( AZT ) at the same time with increasing doses of aldesleukin ( interleukin-2; IL-2 ) in patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome ( PGL ). The effects to be studied include safety or toxicity, how quickly the drugs are used in the body, effects on the immune system, effects on HIV, concentrations in body fluids, and how quickly the drugs are cleared by the kidneys. The trial will establish the maximum tolerated dose ( MTD ) and will be a pilot study to determine the dose that has the greatest effect in the immune system.
AZT has been shown to be effective in HIV-related disease. IL-2 has been shown to increase immune responses and correct immune problems caused by HIV in the test tube. IL-2 has also been effective in treating Kaposi's sarcoma in a number of patients. Because of the clinical activities of these two drugs and because their toxicities and mechanisms of action do not overlap, it may be beneficial to combine the two drugs with their antiviral and immune stimulatory effects.
|Condition or disease
|HIV Infections
|Drug: Zidovudine Drug: Aldesleukin
|Phase 1
AZT has been shown to be effective in HIV-related disease. IL-2 has been shown to increase immune responses and correct immune problems caused by HIV in the test tube. IL-2 has also been effective in treating Kaposi's sarcoma in a number of patients. Because of the clinical activities of these two drugs and because their toxicities and mechanisms of action do not overlap, it may be beneficial to combine the two drugs with their antiviral and immune stimulatory effects.
Patients enter the study in staggered groups of five. All patients receive AZT orally every 4 hours for 12 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, the first group of five patients receive the lowest dosage of IL-2 on a daily basis while still receiving AZT. Toxicity and immunologic effects are measured at the beginning of AZT therapy and then every 2 weeks. Each succeeding group of five patients receives a higher dose of IL-2, while receiving AZT, until the MTD is reached. Those patients who have shown no toxicity as well as improved immune function while taking both drugs receive a 4-week follow-up course of IL-2 5 weeks after stopping AZT. In addition, five patients who have completed the AZT / IL-2 combined treatment without significant toxicity are re-treated with 12 weeks of AZT alone starting 8 weeks after completing the initial combined AZT / IL-2 portion of treatment. Another five patients will be re-treated with 12 weeks of full dose of AZT alone, followed by 8 weeks of half-dose AZT alone starting 8 weeks after completing the initial combined AZT / IL-2 treatment. Patients receive ibuprofen for fever and chills, and those who reach their MTD continue to receive that dose in combination with AZT for 4 weeks. If excess toxicity is observed on all doses of IL-2, the study will be discontinued.
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Enrollment :
|20 participants
|None (Open Label)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|Phase I Trial of the Combination of Zidovudine and Recombinant Interleukin-2 in Patients With Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|April 1990
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria
- Detectable HIV nucleic acid in patient peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBML's) by the gene amplification technique. A positive antibody to HIV confirmed by any federally licensed ELISA test kit.
Concurrent Medication:
- Medications without which there might be significant risk, such as seizures, loss of diabetic control or respiratory embarrassment.
- Necessary topical agents including topical acyclovir.
- Diuretics for significant fluid retention only.
Concurrent Treatment:
- Blood transfusions for anemia if hematocrit falls below 25 percent.
Exclusion Criteria
- Active drug or alcohol abuse.
Co-existing Condition:
Patients with the following will be excluded:
- Grade 1 impairment on two or more items in the ACTG Micro Neuro AIDS assessment.
- Concurrent neoplasms other than basal cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ carcinoma of the cervix.
- Major organ allograft.
- Significant cardiac disease or central nervous system lesions.
- Patients with hemophilia should be evaluated and treated under the hemophilia protocol.
Concurrent Medication:
- Inderal or vasoactive hypertensive medication.
- Non-essential medications including pain medications.
Excluded are:
- Patients with an opportunistic infection or malignancy fulfilling the definition of AIDS.
Patients with AIDS related complex, defined as:
- 1. Weight loss in excess of 15 lbs. or 10 percent of body weight noted in a 2-year period prior to entry into the study. 2. Temperature greater than 38.5 degrees C with or without night sweats, persisting for more than 14 consecutive days or more than 15 days in a 30-day interval during a 2-year period prior to entry into the study. 3. Diarrhea defined as = or > 3 liquid stools per day, persisting for more than 30 days during a 2-year period prior to entry into the study without a definable cause. 4. Herpes zoster during the past 2 years. 5. Oral candidiasis or biopsy-proven hairy leukoplakia during the last 2 years. 6. Active substance abuse.
Prior Medication:
- Zidovudine (AZT).
- Excluded within 30 days of study entry:
- Antiretroviral agents.
- Biologic response modifiers.
- Corticosteroids.
- Excluded within 60 days of study entry:
- Ribavirin.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00000728
|United States, California
|Stanford Univ School of Medicine
|Stanford, California, United States, 94305
|Study Chair:
|Merigan TC
|Responsible Party:
|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00000728 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
11000 ( Registry Identifier: DAIDS ES Registry Number )
|First Posted:
|August 31, 2001 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|April 26, 2012
|Last Verified:
|April 2012
Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
Immune Tolerance
Drug Therapy, Combination
AIDS-Related Complex
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
HIV Infections
Lentivirus Infections
Retroviridae Infections
RNA Virus Infections
Virus Diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Immune System Diseases
Lymphatic Diseases
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
Enzyme Inhibitors
Anti-Retroviral Agents
Antiviral Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Anti-HIV Agents
Antineoplastic Agents
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
Sensory System Agents
Peripheral Nervous System Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs


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A 35-year career of service to the nation's ginning industry will end in January when W. Stanley Anthony retires as supervisory agricultural engineer and research leader at the USDA/ARS Cotton Ginning Laboratory at Stoneville, Miss.
A nationally and internationally-recognized expert on cotton ginning, his extensive research has resulted in numerous improvements in cotton quality, computerized process control, energy conservation, seed cotton/lint cleaning processes, system design, computer modeling/simulation, bale packaging, air pollution, and noise abatement.
He is best known for his work on maximizing fiber quality and producer returns through gin process control, currently marketed under the IntelliGin name, and for developing new lint cleaner technology, marketed under the Louvermax trade name.
These recently-implemented technologies process about 4 million bales annually and add about $30 million in value to the cotton industry.
Anthony's technology transfer work includes over 450 publications and 18 patents. Nine patents have been licensed to private industry and four others are pending.
His work also includes nationally-known ginning schools that have been conducted annually since 1985 at the Stoneville facility. He has traveled widely and has been a speaker at numerous conferences in the United States, Australia, France, Germany, Greece, Peru, Switzerland, and Zimbabwe.
A native of Indianola, Miss., Anthony earned B.S. and M.S. degrees in agricultural engineering at Mississippi State University and is a graduate of the U.S. Army Engineer Basic and Advanced Schools, the Command and General Staff College, and the U.S. Army War College.
After more than 30 years of military service, he recently retired with the rank of brigadier general. His distinguished career included providing engineering technical support for over 140 countries.
Awards conferred for service include the Army Commendation Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal, and the Legion of Merit. His last assignments were as deputy commander of the 412th Engineer Command at Vicksburg, Miss., and as deputy chief of staff, engineer, for the Eighth U.S. Army at Seoul, Korea.
He has received a host of awards for service to the engineering profession and the cotton industry, including being named an American Society of Agricultural Engineers Fellow.
Anthony is married to the former Carol Ann Brown of Glen Allan, Miss., and they have three children: Stan, an industrial engineer at Huntsville, Ala.; Steven, a registered nurse at Jackson, Miss.; and Amy, who will graduate from the Mississippi School of Dentistry in May.


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Wii controller lawsuit costs Nintendo $21m
Texas firms sues Nintendo, and wins!
Nintendo has vowed to fight a court order demanding it pay $21m (£10.7m/€13.5m) to a US gaming company for patent infringements associated with controllers for the Wii and GameCube.
Although specific details of the violation of Anascape's intellectual property rights haven't been disclosed yet, the US court found that Nintendo had trampled over 12 different patents owned by the Texas-based firm.
The company owns a number of controller patents, ranging from one detailing a stick-type remote controller with analogue pressure sensor(s) through to a patent for a regular-looking game controller with analogue pressure sensors.
Several Nintendo controllers were implicated in the case, including the Wii Classic controller and GameCube control. Nintendo is thought safe on the motion-sensor side of things though, because the patent infringements don't relate to any accelerometer technology used in Wii controllers.
But a Nintendo spokesman has since claimed that, after it appeals the ruling, the company expects the damages awarded to be "significantly" reduced.
At least Nintendo's executives can use the boxing game on Wii Sports to vent some of their money-loss rage.
Microsoft was also sued by Anascape, the smaller company's lawyers said, but settled out of court ahead of the Nintendo trial. The terms of the settlement were not disclosed.


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Infrastructure: Mass Transit in 19th- and 20th-Century Urban America
Jay Young
Mass transit has been part of the urban scene in the United States since the early 19th century. Regular steam ferry service began in New York City in the early 1810s and horse-drawn omnibuses plied city streets starting in the late 1820s. Expanding networks of horse railways emerged by the mid-19th century. The electric streetcar became the dominant mass transit vehicle a half century later. During this era, mass transit had a significant impact on American urban development. Mass transit's importance in the lives of most Americans started to decline with the growth of automobile ownership in the 1920s, except for a temporary rise in transit ridership during World War II. In the 1960s, congressional subsidies began to reinvigorate mass transit and heavy-rail systems opened in several cities, followed by light rail systems in several others in the next decades. Today concerns about environmental sustainability and urban revitalization have stimulated renewed interest in the benefits of mass transit.
Social Science and Foreign Affairs
Joy Rohde
Since the social sciences began to emerge as scholarly disciplines in the last quarter of the 19th century, they have frequently offered authoritative intellectual frameworks that have justified, and even shaped, a variety of U.S. foreign policy efforts. They played an important role in U.S. imperial expansion in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Scholars devised racialized theories of social evolution that legitimated the confinement and assimilation of Native Americans and endorsed civilizing schemes in the Philippines, Cuba, and elsewhere. As attention shifted to Europe during and after World War I, social scientists working at the behest of Woodrow Wilson attempted to engineer a "scientific peace" at Versailles. The desire to render global politics the domain of objective, neutral experts intensified during World War II and the Cold War. After 1945, the social sciences became increasingly central players in foreign affairs, offering intellectual frameworks—like modernization theory—and bureaucratic tools—like systems analysis—that shaped U.S. interventions in developing nations, guided nuclear strategy, and justified the increasing use of the U.S. military around the world.
Throughout these eras, social scientists often reinforced American exceptionalism—the notion that the United States stands at the pinnacle of social and political development, and as such has a duty to spread liberty and democracy around the globe. The scholarly embrace of conventional political values was not the result of state coercion or financial co-optation; by and large social scientists and policymakers shared common American values. But other social scientists used their knowledge and intellectual authority to critique American foreign policy. The history of the relationship between social science and foreign relations offers important insights into the changing politics and ethics of expertise in American public policy.


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I would fly to LV then drive north to Death Valley. From there to Zion/Bryce. Moab is still a long way!If you skip Death Valley, then flying to Salt Lake city would shorten your drive time.
Hi,Unexpectedly, I find that I have an opportunity to spend eight days in the USA in the first half of October. I'm flying in to and out of LA and I'm planning to hire a car and spend the time on the road.Where should I go? I intend to visit Death Valley and I'd like to go to eastern Utah (Moab, Canyonlands, Arches etc). Joshua Tree is nearby, I think.The only constraint I've imposed on myself thus far is a booking at Bryce Canyon Lodge on the penultimate night. Any suggestions gratefully received.Jeremy
Francois, point taken about DV. I quite like heat, though (we don't get a lot of it in Manchester).


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I am needing suggestions please...my breastfeeding journey has been long and hard. My son is now 9 weeks old. At birth, he did not suck and would just "chomp". I was eventually able to breastfeed him using a nipple shield and was able to wean off shield, but breastfeeding would never feel consistently good. He was now sucking, but it hurt and my nipples were pinched and chaffed. Discovered an upper lip tie and posterior tongue tie on him around 2-3 weeks and saw an occupational therapist who taught me how to do stretching exercises on the lips. Didn't seem to help. We went and got the ties lasered when he was 6 weeks. After the revision, latching got somewhat better and then worse because he started "chomping" again and wouldn't even take a pacifier or finger to suck on. We saw a chiropractor at 7 weeks and it seemed he was able to open wider. We had about a day of good feeding with no pain and then he started chomping again. Presently he is still chomping. He will now suck on pacifier and/or finger. I have tried to do tongue exercises and suck training before feeding, but he just gets upset. In between feeds I try to do some suck training and he will give a few good sucks, but is still mainly chomping.
He is gaining weight well...which is a blessing. But it is so uncomfortable/painful for me. My nipples are pinched on the sides when he comes off the breast. The skin is peeling off my nipples and I am getting vasospasms afterwards. Breastfeeding is so important to me and something I looked forward to doing when he was born. I just want to be able to breastfeed without pain!
Has anyone else gone through similar situation and have any advice? Please help. Thank you


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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
If you need help with your heating bill, or if you know someone who does, the Home Energy Assistance Program can help. HEAP is a federally funded program that provides assistance to eligible customers to pay their home heating bills. National Fuel customers are encouraged to apply as soon as possible for assistance, as funds are limited and will be distributed on a first-come, first-served basis, starting Nov. 18.
Grants are available up to $450 to help reduce the amount of your heating bill, and, new this year, customers may apply online at www.mybenefits.ny.gov. Grant amounts vary and will be provided only while HEAP funding remains available. Additional assistance may be available for those with heating emergencies. The maximum "regular" HEAP grant for customers who use natural gas to heat their homes is $450. HEAP grants are immediately posted to customer accounts when they are received from New York state.
HEAP eligibility is determined using the last four weeks of your gross household income. Customers who are unemployed or seasonally employed may also be eligible for HEAP to reduce the amount of their heating bills. You may be eligible to receive HEAP benefits if your gross household income is at or below the income levels shown in the photo.
All applicants can either apply by mail, in person or online. If your gas is off or you have a shut-off notice, you should apply for the "regular" HEAP benefit in person. For a list of what you will need to apply for HEAP or a list of HEAP application offices by county, visit www.HEAPHelps.com. To apply online, visit www.mybenefits.ny.gov.
Beginning Jan. 2, 2014, if you received a "regular" HEAP benefit, you may call your county office to apply for a $400 "emergency" HEAP benefit. You must have a shut-off notice to apply for the "emergency" benefit. Callers should be prepared with their case numbers, social security numbers, utility account numbers, household income and resource amounts (bank account balance, etc.).
If you meet the HEAP income guidelines, you may also be eligible for National Fuel's Low Income Customer Affordability Assistance Program. The program offers stable bills, reduced rates and debt forgiveness. You must be using National Fuel as your natural gas supplier to be eligible for this program. Call the business line at 1-800-365-3234 to begin the LICAAP application process.
The Neighbor for Neighbor Heat Fund, a first-come, first-served home-heating assistance grant program, is also available and will remain open year-round to assist Western New Yorkers help pay for energy-related expenses. Qualifying Western New Yorkers may receive a one-time grant of up to $400. In order to qualify for a grant, applicants must fall into at least one of the following classifications: Be at least 55 years old; a member of their household must be handicapped or have a disability that reduces the household's income; have a certified medical emergency; or be receiving unemployment benefits.
Applicants must reside in National Fuel's service territory; however, they are not required to be a National Fuel customer. For more information, visit http://nationalfuelgas.com/forhome/NY/PaymentAssistance.aspx or call The Salvation Army at 716-883-9800, ext. 230.
National Fuel Gas Distribution Corp. is the utility segment of National Fuel Gas Co., a diversified energy company that is engaged in a number of natural gas-related activities. The utility provides natural gas service to approximately 730,000 customers in Western New York and northwestern Pennsylvania. Additional information about National Fuel is available at www.nationalfuelgas.com.


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Style # 205242
Give your wardrobe a luxe update with this soft bebe suede vest, featuring zipper detail and waist-cinching self-tie. Toss it over a bodycon dress for instant chic.
- 100% suede
- Center back to hem: 25" (64 cm)
- Cotton lining
- Clean by leather professionals only
- Imported
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a US size S
Rated 5 out of 5�by 2 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5�by NolasFinest Really Classy I brought the pink vest to go with the Roll Cuffed Boyfriend Shorts which looks great together. The set up in the the store had vest matched withh the tan leather shorts but I decided to try something different and to my surprise the look is a good one. Last minute shopping for Mardi Gras must be comfortable for parade season. January 26, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5�by Lbgammon420 Best Vest Ever!! This vest is well made, great quality! So happy with my purchase I went out on a limb ordering online but it all worked out, highly highly recommend! I wear with a black tank top and black leggings, heels :) December 29, 2012
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Kelly Layman
Executive Director of Communications
MEDIA ADVISORY: Board of Governors' committee chairman: Florida Polytech trustee interview process is continuing
TALLAHASSEE, Fla.—The Chair of the Board of Governors' Trustee Nominating and Development Committee, Mori Hosseini of Daytona Beach, announced today that the interview process for the Florida Polytechnic University trustee applicants remains well under way, and that appointments will not be considered at this week's Board of Governors meeting.
"Creating a new university is a rare and remarkable opportunity, and appointing a well-qualified, diverse and effective charter Board of Trustees will be critical for this new institution's success. We are working closely with the Governor's Appointments Office to avoid any appointee duplication – we must ensure that the final full slate of trustees embodies a wide range of skills, professional experiences, and cultural diversity that will help us build Florida Polytechnic University."
"Quality is driving this process, and we are identifying and vetting our most-qualified candidates so that the Board of Governors can announce its appointments in the coming weeks," Hosseini added.
- The Board of Governors has a three-day regular business meeting in Orlando this week: www.flbog.edu. Half of the schedule is each institution presenting a University 3-Year Work Plan, a strategic planning and performance metrics document that the Board of Governors takes up every year in June. Other trustee appointments (for New College and FAMU) remain on the agenda.
- The Board of Governors' own Select Committee on Florida Polytechnic University – which Hosseini leads as Chair in addition to his role as the Board of Governors' Vice Chair – has been working with USF over many months to ensure that the Board of Governors has addressed various transition issues and other aspects until a Board of Trustees is in place, through our five Board appointments and Governor Scott's six trustee appointments. Senate Bill 1994 was "effective upon signature," and was signed by the Governor on April 20. The only issue directly associated with the new fiscal year on July 1 is that several budget-related items either change over or start on July 1 – while many administrative and governance matters do not have the same precise deadline.
- The persons indicated by a "strike-through" below have withdrawn their applications during the past few weeks for a variety of reasons. The Board of Governors is at 52 total applicants at this time. (These withdrawals came well before today's decision above—this is just a housekeeping note with multiple notes packaged together.)
- Regarding the "reverter clause" issue on the property/land, Chair Hosseini will speak to that issue directly on Thursday during the full Board of Governors meeting.
- For more info on university Boards of Trustees and this process, see the info below and here: http://www.flbog.edu/aboutsus/ubt.php.
Florida Polytech University
Alford Carol C. 05/30/12 Lakeland, FL Internal Auditor, Hillsborough Community College
Allen Eric Keith 05/31/12 Lakeland, FL Attorney, Law Offices of Eric Allen
Armstrong Jack David 05/31/12 Ft. Lauderdale, FL President, Broward College
Bach Tim J. 05/07/12 Apopka, FL President/Owner of Patterson/ Bach Communications Advertising Agency
Bacon Gregory Allen 05/31/12 Indianapolis, IN Application Specialist, Auralex Acoustics
Block Trudy Alice 05/30/12 Polk City, FL City Councilor, City of Polk City
Brame Roderic Ian 05/30/12 Land O Lakes, FL Program Director/Assistant Professor, Florida Polytechnic Univ.
Brown Joshua Keith 05/25/12 Auburndale, FL Attorney w/Peterson/Myers
Buetow Curtis J. 05/30/12 Davenport, FL Engineering Manager w/Powerteam Generation
Clark Gary E. 05/29/12 Lakeland, FL Independent Consultant w/CPS Investment Advisors, Financial Services
Clark Ronald Lyle 06/01/12 Lakeland, FL Attorney and Chairman Clark, Campbell and Lancaster P.A.
Cloud ThomasAlexander 05/17/12 Orlando, FL Attorney/Partner w/Gray Robinson
Dicks John Larry 5/31/12 Plant City, FL Attorney of Counsel, Trinkle Redman
Duncan Ann Wilkins 05/31/12 Tarpon Springs, FL President/Founder Vertical Integration, Inc.
Emst Robert Elliott 05/29/12 Auburndale, FL Business Analyst w/Pallet One, Inc., Manufacturing
English Robert F. 05/25/12 Lakeland, FL CEO of Valiant Products, Manufacturing
Evans Jonathan Edward 05/30/12 Oldsmar, FL Assistant to the City Manager, City of Largo
Evans Mygnon Champion 06/01/12 Lakeland, FL Attorney/Owner Mygnon Evans Law Office
Featherman Sandra Green 05/30/12 Highland Beach, FL Retired; past President of the University of New England
Fleming John Edward 06/01/12 Winter Haven, FL President, Phoenix Industries, LLC
Gambrell Carroll Blake 05/30/12 Lakeland, FL Retired the last 5 years; Ph.D in Engineering
Gardner Robert LeGrande 05/29/12 Lakeland, FL Ph.D from Virginia Polytechnic Institute; current instructor at Florida Polytechnic University
Grasse James Martin 06/01/12 Lakeland, FL Delaware North Corporation, Concessions
Griffith Winston Nichols 05/31/12 Tallahassee, FL Program Specialist, Leon County Schools
Hallion, Jr Richard Paul 05/17/12 Shalimar, FL Research Associate in Aeronautics, National Air & Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution
Hatcher Neysa Hope 05/31/12 Winter Haven, FL Inspector in Charge, United States Dept. of Agriculture
Hendricks John Wayne 05/31/12 Sarasota, FL Managing Partner, Strategic Technologies
Kincart Robert Owen 05/25/12 Lakeland, FL Scientist/President of American Compliance Technology, Science & Engineering
Kimberlin Ralph Dace 05/31/12 Winter Haven, FL Retired Professor and Consultant
Lewis Charles Alan 05/30/12 Carrabelle, FL Consultant, SANA, LC, Medical Technology
Oldt Thomas Roe 05/29/12 Winter Haven, FL President/Registered Principal of Thomas Oldt Investment Services, Investment Advisory/Asset Management
Pittman Terry Eugene 05/30/12 Eagle Lake, FL CEO of Business Builders of America
Raymond Maurice A. 05/29/12 Lakeland, FL Retired – Ph.D in Polymer Chemistry from UF; last position was Director of Research & Dev. w/Rhone-Poulenc, Chemical in 1995
Rezendes, II Joseph 05/30/12 Safety Harbor, FL Senior Security Analyst at Franklin Templeton, Inc., Financial Services
Rhodes Deborah Lynn 05/31/12 Lakeland, FL Adjunct Instructor, Palomar College
Riddle Kenneth Leon 05/31/12 Lakeland, FL Supervisor of Chemical Programs, Lakeland Electric
Robinson James David 05/30/12 Lakeland, FL President/CEO DSM Technology Consultants
Roeser, Jr. John Franklin 05/30/12 Davenport, FL Retired; past Group Vice President at Howard Johnson Company; past Vice President American Can Company; currently Park Event Operations at Walt Disney World
Russo Christopher David 05/29/12 Auburndale, FL Attorney w/Moody Law, P.A.
Sanoba Gregory A. 05/31/12 Lakeland, FL President/Owner The Sanoba Law Firm
Scaringe Robert Peter 05/10/12 Rockledge, FL President/CEO of Mainstream Engineering Corp.; R&D/Manufacturing
Shaheen Richard Labib 05/25/12 Jupiter, FL Senior Director Engineering & Technical Services; Fla. Power & Light
Shannon John Hugh 05/31/12 Lakeland, FL Attorney, John Hugh Shannon, P.A.
Sommer Douglas Dean 06/01/12 Lakeland, FL Independent Contractor, ITW, QMI, Wynn's
Strickland Eugene Swaney 06/01/12 Lakeland, FL City Manager, City of Lakeland
Thompson Jonathan Wade 05/25/12 Lakeland, FL Physical Therapist; currently Director of Operations at Bond Clinic in Winter Haven
Wilson Donald Herbert 05/31/12 Homeland, FL Partner/Attorney w/Boswell & Dunlap
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A fire that broke out Tuesday in the basement damaged a home on Hunter Road.
Fire Chief William T. Kessler said firefighters went to 66 Hunter Road about 5 p.m. and found a fire in the basement. The fire was quickly extinguished, although a second alarm had been called, the chief said.
Fire damage was confined to the basement; there was smoke damage throughout the house, the chief said. One occupant of the house was home when the fire started and called 911, he said.
The chief said the fire appears to have been accidental. Two firefighters were hurt; one was taken to a local hospital for a leg injury, the chief said.
The American Red Cross said it provided assistance to the three people displaced by
the fire; the family made their own arrangements for a place to stay, the Red Cross said.
— Steven H. Foskett Jr.


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30 mph speed limit proposed in Goffstown
GOFFSTOWN - A proposed ordinance would set a speed limit of 30 mph on most town roads, raising the speed limit on some roads currently posted for 25 mph.
The roads exempted from the town wide speed limit would be set at 35 or 25 mph. Also exempt would be state Routes 13 and 114, where the speed limit goes up to 40 mph in some areas.
"This came about as a result of requests over many years from people who came before the highway safety committee," said Town Administrator Sue Desruisseaux. She said the committee determined that rather than change the speed limits on individual roads, it would be more efficient to set a town-wide limit of 30 mph and make some exceptions.
"No one has come forward and asked for a higher speed limit," Desruisseaux said. "And some people may be upset to see their road go from 25 mph to 30, so they should be aware of that. And if they're not OK with that, then they should attend the public hearing on this. We want to hear from people who are going to be affected by this."
The second public hearing on the proposed ordinance is scheduled for 7 p.m. on Monday, April 8, at town hall.
The reason for setting a town-wide speed limit at 30 mph, according to the language of the ordinance, is "to promote a safer and more orderly flow of traffic and safety for pedestrians, cyclists and others on and around the roadways." The research and statistics - compiled over several years by the traffic safety committee - indicate that people tend to drive too fast through town; that's why this ordinance is being proposed, Desruisseaux said.
The exceptions to the uniform standard are:
--Center Street between Tibbetts Hill Road and Tirrell Hill Road, 25 mph;
--Main Street between High Street and Mountain Road, 25 mph;
--South Mast between Mountain Road and Park Lane, 25 mph;
--Goffstown Back Road between Jason Drive and the Manchester city line, 35 mph;
--Wallace Road between Stacey Lane and the Bedford town line, 35 mph;
--Shirley Hill Road between Route 114 and Wallace Road, 35 mph;
--Tibbetts Hill Road from Lauren Lane to Black Brook Road, 35 mph;
--East Dunbarton Road from Black Brook Road to the Dunbarton town line, 35 mph;
--Tirrell Hill Road between Center Street and Montelona Road, 35 mph.
The proposed ordinance would increase speed limits from 25 to 30 mph on Merrill Road, Cinnamon Drive, Ginger Drive, Coriander Way, Peppermint Drive, Sage Court and Thyme Drive.
A complete list of the roads affected by the ordinance will be available at the public hearing. A copy of the proposed ordinance and a map of affected streets are available on the town's website.


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GinFestival.com presents:
Described in Timeout as one of the "Top 10 things to do in 2016," the UK's biggest and oldest Gin Festival is back in Harrogate at the Conference Center for another gin-fueled weekend.
There will be loads of new gins and exclusive gins you won't see anywhere else plus; gin masterclasses and the opportunity to meet gin distillers in person, a gin cocktail bar, live music and gorgeous food.
Harrogate Convention Centre, King's Rd, Harrogate HG1 5LA
Friday 8th December 2017 - Evening Session - 6.30pm - 11pm
Saturday 9th December July 2017 - Afternoon Session - 12.30pm - 5pm
Saturday 9th December 2017 - Evening Session - 6.30pm - 11pm
On arrival you will be handed your very own Gin Festival Copa Balloon Glass and a brochure that tells you all about the gins at the festival.
Our bars operate on a token system and do not take cash so you will need tokens to get your drinks. Tokens are £5 each with one token paying for a single measure of gin, garnish and a Fever-Tree mixer.
Throughout the event there will be live music and entertainment, talks from gin industry experts, delicious food and lots of chit chat with other gin lovers!
New to gin? Don't worry! Our friendly staff are full of recommendations to get you going.
If you have any questions, check out our FAQs - https://www.ginfestival.com/faqs
This event is strictly over 18's only (you may be asked for id)
Food and Drink in The Guardian - "GinFestival.com is proud to showcase some of the best gins in the world."
CBS News (USA) - "Of all the gin joints in all the world, one is hosting London's First ever Gin Festival and it's been a sellout."
Time out - "Top Ten Things to do in 2016."
The Daily Express - "Top places in the UK every gin lover must visit"."
Also featured on:
BBC Radio Two Drivetime
The Telegraph
The Metro
The Sun
International Business Times
Gin Festival reserves the right to carry out photography and/or video recording at their events for publicity purposes and to reproduce images and footage on our website. By entering into this Agreement, you agree that Gin Festival and any party authorised by the Gin Festival may use such images in perpetuity and in any format whatsoever. You further agree that copyright in these materials is owned by Gin Festival.
By purchasing a ticket to a Gin Festival Event you consent to receiving information regarding this and other Gin Festival events and products. You may unsubscribe at any time.


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Conflating identity and resolution of Web resources is often useful... it is usually the right thing to do. But I've written in the past about the need, on occasion, to uncouple these fundamental functions.
There is a fairly long standing and often vitriolic debate among Web technologists about whether there should be a component of web architecture that does this: identifiers that simply identify, and carry no implication of resolution. The Just-Use-HTTP camp insists that there is no place in the naming architecture of the Web for identifiers not grounded in the HTTP protocol, even when resolution is not intended.
Others of us have argued that persistent identifiers without a direct resolution mechanism are useful and desirable. DOI's are a purpose-built example of this, to support the management of commercial publishing assets. INFO URIs are intended to meet the need in other niches. URNs were the earliest effort in this direction, though they have not been wildly successful.
Thus, it was interesting and ironic to see a post on a W3C Team blog about excessive traffic (100 million hits a day!) resulting from the static HTTP identifiers associated with DTDs (document type definitions) hosted by the W3C. It is important to declare, maintain, and serve such resources, but they are not intended for routine retrieval by applications or users. Instead, such structural declarations are meant to be parsed by applications that intend to process data according to a set of declarations in the DTD, or more often, simply to confirm... 'yep... this is a document of a type known to me.'
The use of HTTP identifiers (URLs) is an implied promise... a label that says 'there's something here for you to retrieve'. Yes, I know about HTTP headers. I understand that an application written to the latest protocols will understand the return codes and should take intelligent action based on those codes. But it is laughable to expect all web applications to be well behaved in this way. The blog post speaks of applications "creating a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack against W3C" and "abusive request patterns". In fact, the root cause of the very real dilemma faced by the W3C and others with this problem is the ideological opposition to an alternative solution: Identifiers uncoupled from resolution.
The Yarra riverfront in downtown Melbourne


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The most important column in the papers this morning by far is Amir Taheri's Wall Street Journal column: "The last helicopter." Taheri writes:
To hear Mr. Abbasi tell it the entire recent history of the U.S. could be narrated with the help of the image of "the last helicopter." It was that image in Saigon that concluded the Vietnam War under Gerald Ford. Jimmy Carter had five helicopters fleeing from the Iranian desert, leaving behind the charred corpses of eight American soldiers. Under Ronald Reagan the helicopters carried the corpses of 241 Marines murdered in their sleep in a Hezbollah suicide attack. Under the first President Bush, the helicopter flew from Safwan, in southern Iraq, with Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf aboard, leaving behind Saddam Hussein's generals, who could not believe why they had been allowed live to fight their domestic foes, and America, another day. Bill Clinton's helicopter was a Black Hawk, downed in Mogadishu and delivering 16 American soldiers into the hands of a murderous crowd.
According to this theory, President George W. Bush is an "aberration," a leader out of sync with his nation's character and no more than a brief nightmare for those who oppose the creation of an "American Middle East." Messrs. Abbasi and Ahmadinejad have concluded that there will be no helicopter as long as George W. Bush is in the White House. But they believe that whoever succeeds him, Democrat or Republican, will revive the helicopter image to extricate the U.S. from a complex situation that few Americans appear to understand.
Mr. Ahmadinejad's defiant rhetoric is based on a strategy known in Middle Eastern capitals as "waiting Bush out." "We are sure the U.S. will return to saner policies," says Manuchehr Motakki, Iran's new Foreign Minister.
Mr. Ahmadinejad believes that the world is heading for a clash of civilizations with the Middle East as the main battlefield. In that clash Iran will lead the Muslim world against the "Crusader-Zionist camp" led by America. Mr. Bush might have led the U.S. into "a brief moment of triumph." But the U.S. is a "sunset" (ofuli) power while Iran is a sunrise (tolu'ee) one and, once Mr. Bush is gone, a future president would admit defeat and order a retreat as all of Mr. Bush's predecessors have done since Jimmy Carter.
Mr. Ahmadinejad also notes that Iran has just "reached the Mediterranean" thanks to its strong presence in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and the Palestinian territories. He used that message to convince Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to adopt a defiant position vis-à-vis the U.N. investigation of the murder of Rafiq Hariri, a former prime minister of Lebanon. His argument was that once Mr. Bush is gone, the U.N., too, will revert to its traditional lethargy. "They can pass resolutions until they are blue in the face," Mr. Ahmadinejad told a gathering of Hezbollah, Hamas and other radical Arab leaders in Tehran last month.
It is not only in Tehran and Damascus that the game of "waiting Bush out" is played with determination. In recent visits to several regional capitals, this writer was struck by the popularity of this new game from Islamabad to Rabat. The general assumption is that Mr. Bush's plan to help democratize the heartland of Islam is fading under an avalanche of partisan attacks inside the U.S. The effect of this assumption can be witnessed everywhere.
Please read it all.


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Each year in Ocala, the holiday season officially kicks off with the traditional Light Up Ocala event, which takes place this evening.
Each year in Ocala, the holiday season officially kicks off with the traditional Light Up Ocala event, which takes place this evening.
Thousands of people are expected to fill the downtown square and the nearby Citizens' Circle. There will be food, entertainment and the lighting of tens of thousands of lights all around the square in a tribute to the upcoming Christmas season.
Soooo … downtown square tonight! Be there or be … uhhh … "square," I guess.
If you understand that one, your age is showing. You do know that, don't you?
RECYCLING COMMENTS: A question recently posed here inquired about your recycling practices.
Carol Turnbull, Ocala, wrote: "We've always been consistent recyclers and long-time customers of Waste Pro. We live one block outside the city limits, so (we) did not receive the benefits of the recycling program when it was started and found it is now a very long drive to the nearest recycling site. A new company was advertising in our area, Florida Express Environmental, so I investigated their services and prices. For twice a week garbage pick-up and once a week lawn waste services (the same services we were receiving), plus alternate week curb-side mixed recycling, the total was less than we were paying and meant no more lengthy trips to a recycling center. Several of our neighbors have switched to this company, and we've all found them to be very reliable and a pleasure to deal with."
Rita Woch, Marion Landing, wrote: "In Marion Landing we do not have recycling bins (except for aluminum cans and newspapers), so I tried driving up to Martel and that is quite a way. So I decided to pay $5 a month for them (Florida Express Environmental) to come and get my recyclables. They provide the box and come twice a month. I am trying to help save the planet for our grandchildren and I wish more neighbors would participate. Perhaps a few of them could share a box and then the cost would be more reasonable; at least it would be less than a gallon of gas. Thanks for bringing this matter to our attention."
Beverly Byrne, town unknown, wrote: "I agree with the writer about having Waste Pro pick up my trash. However, everything they pick up goes to the landfill. I live in the county and was in the habit of taking my recyclables, along with those of two of my neighbors, to a location about one mile from my house. When the city went to picking up recyclables, all the city locations were shut down. So now, instead of a two-mile round trip, I would have to drive about 20 miles round trip to a county location. So, they end up at my curb for Waste Pro to take to the landfill. I've talked to Waste Pro about this and was told they are trying to work out something with the county so we will eventually have curbside recycling like they now have in the city."
Jerry T. Corr, Summerfield, wrote: "Ever since I have lived in states that have recycle bins or recycle days, our household has always recycled. With recycle systems, it cuts down on your taxes because the government (whatever division) does not need to buy land or pay for shipping of the garbage. In some states, the recycled items have been turned into material for roads. Some states receive electricity from their regular garbage."
QUESTION OF THE DAY: Which of these is your favorite holiday: Halloween, Thanksgiving or Christmas?
MEMORIAL GATE: Ocala's Judy Wright wrote: "Did you know there's a Schley Memorial Gate in Arlington National Cemetery? It's on Schley Drive and is near the grave of President William Howard Taft. It's named for Rear Adm. Winfield Scott Schley, whose military record is too extensive to summarize here. (See www.arlingtoncemetery.net/schley.htm.)
Yes, Judy, I'm quite familiar with the good admiral. He's a legend, of sorts, in our family – and you, I perceive, have missed reading a few of my columns, haven't you? I may have to penalize you a few extra RAKs for that, y'know!
Send comments to firstname.lastname@example.com and include your FULL name and town. This column appears each Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday and online at www.ocala.com.


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FIFA panel leaves Russia anti-gay issue to Blatter
ZURICH (AP) — FIFA President Sepp Blatter and top official Jerome Valcke will handle discussions of a Russian anti-gay law, the head of soccer's discrimination panel said Thursday.
Panel chairman Jeffrey Webb said the top soccer officials, not the officials of the FIFA task force against discrimination, will deal with the issue ahead of the 2018 World Cup in Russia.
The issue is overshadowing preparations for the 2014 Sochi Olympics. FIFA joined the IOC in seeking clarification from Russia ahead of the Sochi Olympics and the World Cup about a new law banning promotion of "nontraditional" lifestyles to minors.
"We have been advised that the FIFA administration, the president and secretary general, are in discussions with the Russian authorities," Webb said after the panel's six-hour session on Thursday.
Webb said FIFA "does not tolerate or accept any form of discrimination."
However, his panel doesn't plan to send guidelines to Russia and 2022 World Cup host Qatar, where homosexual acts are illegal.
"Whatever we do as a task force has to have the universality of the 209 (nation) membership of FIFA," said Webb, a vice president who leads the regional soccer body for North and Central America and the Caribbean (CONCACAF).
"If there is an infringement in regard to the FIFA statutes, that is for the FIFA disciplinary bodies and FIFA executive committee to address," he said. One of Webb's FIFA board colleagues is Russia's sports minister, Vitaly Mutko.
The meeting Thursday was a second for the task force, which pushed through in May recommendations for tougher sanctions for racist actions in soccer.
Webb said priorities include better identification of high-risk World Cup matches and helping FIFA member countries recruit and train anti-discrimination specialists.
Promoting a global campaign using players as ambassadors is also planned at the task force's next scheduled meeting in December.
"FIFA, of course, cannot address the issues for society as a whole," Webb said. "But I think FIFA can definitely address it internally with coaches, players, clubs and stadiums."