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More Kids See Dentists When Medicaid Rates Rise
Higher payments to dentists who treat kids on Medicaid translate into more of those kids getting regular teeth cleaning, according to a new study.
While that's positive news for some states that have upped reimbursement rates over the last decade, researchers worry that budget cuts might put kids' access to dental care in jeopardy.
"I actually think things are moving in the right direction," said study author Sandra Decker, of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Hyattsville, Maryland.
But because of the ailing economy, "states are going to be hard pressed to keep that up," she told Reuters Health. "There's been a history in the Medicaid program of states having problems with their budget, and what they do is they cut (reimbursements) to doctors or hospitals or dentists."
Kids on Medicaid -- the state-run health insurance program for the poor — and other public insurance may already have trouble getting dentist appointments, Decker said. Dentists may not want to deal with the administrative hassle to get paid through Medicaid or they may worry that those kids are more likely to miss appointments, she explained.
Another recent study found that dentists in Cook County, Illinois, were less likely to see kids for an emergency appointment when those kids were covered by Medicaid, versus when they had private insurance (see Reuters Health story of May 23, 2011.)
About four in 10 kids in the U.S. are covered by public insurance.
In her study, Decker compared standard Medicaid payments to dentists for a kid's preventive care visit in 42 states plus the District of Columbia in 2000 to 2001 and in 2008 to 2009. She then linked changes in reimbursements over that time with how many kids and teens on Medicaid had been to the dentist recently for a cleaning.
The data showed that 55 percent of kids on Medicaid had seen a dentist in the past six months during 2008 and 2009, compared to 68 percent of those covered by private insurance and only 27 percent of kids with no insurance at all.
State reimbursement rates for a teeth cleaning varied widely — from less than $20 in some states, including New Jersey and Florida, to more than $45 in Alaska and Kentucky, according to the findings published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Decker found that payment rates, adjusted for inflation, increased over the last decade in 19 states and D.C. and fell in 23 states.
And that was tied to kids' access to care. A $10 increase in a state's reimbursement rate from $20 to $30, for example, meant that kids on Medicaid were 4 percent more likely to have recently seen a dentist.
Those results show that "policy can actually influence access and providers' willingness to see patients," said Amy Martin, who has studied access to dental care at the University of South Carolina's Arnold School of Public Health in Columbia.
Martin's research has shown that in her own state, higher payments to dentists for teeth cleaning meant that fewer kids on Medicaid had untreated tooth decay or needed urgent dental care.
But Martin, who wasn't involved in the new study, said it's "frightening" that some payment rates are now being rolled back in states trying to make their bottom line.
"You're staring down at a significant deficit and you've got to balance the budget and trim reimbursement rates where you can," she told Reuters Health. "I am concerned about shortsightedness because we know...if you can get kids in care, keep them in dental care, you actually save money over the life span."
Martin added that good dental health is also important for general physical health, so regular cleanings could cut down on later doctors' bills as well.
As members of both government parties try to save money by reforming Medicare and Medicaid, Martin said that regardless of the changes that happen under the new healthcare law, Medicaid reimbursement rates will still be decided by individual states. But loss of funding will put those benefits in serious danger, she added.
Decker said it's important to realize that it's not only whether or not someone is covered by Medicaid that matters. Her new findings show that "there are other attributes of the program that affect what kind of care people get, or if they get care at all."


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SAULT STE. MARIE — They brought home a division title in their first season in the North American Hockey League.
Now the Soo Eagles want to give their hometown fans some more exciting hockey.
It will be a North Division best-of-5 semifinal series, with the first two games at Pullar Stadium Friday and Saturday night. Faceoff is 7:30 both nights. The first 150 fans receive Soo Eagles rally towels each night.
The Eagles (41-14-5) won the North Division and are a No. 1 playoff seed. They had a first-round bye last week.
"It's a really good accomplishment for the boys," Eagles coach Bruno Bragagnolo said of winning the division crown. "The season is a grind with only two weeks off over a 60-game schedule. To take first place in our division says a lot about the work this team has done. I think really it's harder to win the division and grind it out, than it is to win in the playoffs.
"Our first goal was to try to win the division and get home ice," Bragagnolo said. "We accomplished that. Now, it's time to take on the second goal of winning in the playoffs."
The Eagles have not played in two weeks, and the time off was welcomed while players recovered from an assortment of injuries.
"We had a few guys who were banged up and the time off really helped they get healthier," Bragagnolo said. "We gave them some rest, then went back to practice hard at the start of the week."
The Eagles will be facing a Port Huron squad that was the hottest team in the league the last two months. Port Huron won 13 of its final 16 regular season games, including its final eight.
"It's a tough matchup," Bragagnolo said. "They are a veteran team with solid goaltending. We are going to have to put pressure on their net and we can't give up too many odd-man rushes. We have earned home ice and we have to take advantage of that."
The Eagles were 4-3-1 against the Falcons this season. Eagles forward Jared VanWormer, a Ferris State recruit, led the NAHL in scoring with 25 goals and 51 assists. Eric Rivard finished with 24 goals and 39 assists, while Alexander Taulien had 14 goals and 26 assists. Sean Murphy (17-19 — 36) and Brandon Adams (16-19 — 35), who both played just 28 games, round out the Eagles top five scorers.
Eagles goaltender Tyler Marble was 30-9-3 with a 2.39 goals-against average and .938 saves percentage. Marble has committed to Colorado College.
Port Huron (32-24-4) finished fourth in the division. The Fighting Falcons beat the Johnstown Jets 2-1 in an opening round "play-in" series last week.
The Falcons have several players who have made Division I college commitments, including Lake Superior State recruit Ian Miller. Miller scored the game-winning goal as the Falcons outlasted the Johnstown Tomahawks 4-3 in overtime in Game 3 of their series. It was Miller's first goal since Jan. 11.
Falcons captain Rick DeRosa, a Penn State recruit, leads the team with 14 goals and 28 assists, while his lineman Brett D'Andrea is a Bowling Green commit. Falcons goalie Max Milosek had 22 saves in a 3-0 shutout over Johnstown in the series opener.
Also playing in a divisional semifinal series this weekend are Jamestown and Kalamazoo. The semifinal winners advance to the division finals, which can start no earlier than April 25. The NAHL's four divisional winners advance to the Robertson Cup nation tournament, which is scheduled in Frisco, Texas this year, May 10-13.
The series schedule:
Soo Eagles vs. Port Huron
Game 1: PH at SOO, Apr 12, 7:30pm
Game 2: PH at SOO, Apr 13, 7:30pm
Game 3. SOO at PH, Apr 18, 7 pm
*Game 4: SOO at PH, Apr 19, 7 pm
*Game 5: PHN at SOO Apr 22, 7 pm
* If necessary


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42 U.S. Code Subchapter IV - HOUSING ASSISTANCE
Pub. L. 101–625, title VIII, §§ 821, 823, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4331, 4355, which provided for the amendment of this subchapter generally and provided for implementation, transition, and a prospective effective date for the amendment, was repealed by Pub. L. 102–550, title XIV, § 1410, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4038, which provided that:
"The Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act is amended by striking sections 821 and 823 (42 U.S.C. 11361 note). The amendment made by such section 821 of such Act shall not take effect."
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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ESCALON - The Calaveras Redskins rolled into Escalon planning to take the Cougars by surprise through the air on offense while shutting down Escalon's standout running back Nathan Chunn on defense.
ESCALON - The Calaveras Redskins rolled into Escalon planning to take the Cougars by surprise through the air on offense while shutting down Escalon's standout running back Nathan Chunn on defense.
Neither strategy worked as the Cougars defense shined and Chunn rushed for 265 yards and five touchdowns to lead No. 8 Escalon to a 44-14 victory over No. 9 Calaveras in their Sac-Joaquin Section Division IV playoff opener Friday night at Engel Field.
The win earned the Cougars a difficult second-round matchup Friday at No. 1 Placer (11-0), a 59-3 winner over No. 16 Hilmar.
"The running game is the heart and soul of Escalon's program to move the chains," said coach Mark Loureiro, whose Cougars gained 420 yards on 55 rushes, led by Chunn. "You have to give credit to players like (Alan) Gonzalez, (Troy) Doggett and (Joey) Gutierrez and all of our whole O-line. Nathan (Chunn) read his blocks well and was able to gain a lot of yards after contact."
Chunn rushed 28 times, including nine of 13 plays on Escalon's opening drive, capped by the senior's 5-yard run on fourth-and-2 to give the Cougars a 7-0 lead.
Chunn added first-half touchdown runs of 4, 46, 2 and 47 yards for a 34-0 Escalon lead before the Redskins finally found the end zone on senior Zack Johnson's 18-yard pass to Brian Golston with 54 seconds left in the half.
Escalon's defense turned both a fumble and an interception into scores while Calaveras receivers dropped several passes that might have given the visitors hope.
"Our line came in and handled Calaveras," Chunn said. "You could have driven a truck through (the holes)."
Johnson completed 7 of 16 passes for 114 yards for Calaveras but had a receiver drop a sure touchdown pass on the third play of the game, and the Redskins instead had to punt the ball away two plays later.
"I wish we could have given Escalon a better game," Calavearas coach Jason Weatherby said. "It's a case of we coulda, woulda, shoulda done better. Maybe with a couple of catches instead of drops it gets our defense fired up and changes the whole momentum of the game."
Calaveras managed 51 yards on the ground as the Cougars held the Redskins in check, with the second string giving up a late touchdown on senior Kellen Hodgson's 16-yard run with 8:51 left in the game under a running clock.
Escalon's Thomas Diniz added a 36-yard field goal in the third quarter and junior Tyler Lawrence had a 1-yard touchdown early in the fourth quarter.
"Teams that win in the end of the season win with running the ball and playing defense," Loureiro said. "Now we've got to load up our slingshot because David is going up the hill after Goliath at Placer."


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Senior Political Analyst, CNN
Types: Author, Male, Media, University Professor
Bio Info
A trusted advisor to four presidents and to both political parties, David Gergen offers a bipartisan analysis of the Obama Administration and what today's headlines mean for the future of America.
Editor in Chief, TIME Magazine (2013-2017) and Edward R. Murrow Professor of Press, Politics, and Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School
Types: Author, Female, Media, NEW Speaker, University Professor
Bio Info
As the first woman to serve as TIME's Editor in Chief, Nancy Gibbs is an internationally known commentator on American politics and society who has interviewed five U.S. presidents and reported extensively on the forces reshaping private and public life.
Business Educator and Coach, Best-Selling Author
Types: Author, Coaches, Male, University Professor
Bio Info
Dr. Marshall Goldsmith is a world authority in helping successful leaders achieve positive, lasting change in behavior: for themselves, their people and their teams.
Topics: Achievement - Business, Achievement - Personal, Business Growth/Strategy/Trends, Change: Managing/Leading It, Coaching, Communication Skills, Corporate Culture, Current Events, Diversity, Innovation, Inspiring Lives , Leadership, Motivation, Peak Performance, Personal Growth, Sustainability, Teamwork, Women's Issues, Workforce Issues
Presidential Historian and Pulitzer Prize-winning Author
Types: Author, Baseball Player, Female, Media, Pulitzer Prize, TED, University Professor
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Pulitzer Prize-winning author and presidential historian Doris Kearns Goodwin brings history alive with an uncanny sense for detail and a master storyteller's grasp of drama and depth as she examines the leadership triumphs, trials and tribulations of the men and women who have shaped this nation, culled from her lifetime examination of the U.S. presidency.
No Ordinary Time: Three Leaders Who Shaped the American Century: Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt
Renowned Journalist; Former Moderator, NBC's Meet the Press; Political Analyst, CNN
Bio Info
Renowned journalist David Gregory provides a firsthand analysis and running narrative of the Trump Administration, Congress and politics in America.


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1. Re: Help configuring VLAN's in a PRO1000 PL network adapterdstickse Feb 18, 2009 2:56 PM (in response to unclerico)
I reading your post a question that comes to mind is desktop vs. server. The server adapter supports the multiple VLAN, but not the desktop. Before posting this I contacted some folks over in our NIC adapter group and asked for more guidance. A few questions first so I can go obtain the correct help:
1. Is the NIC onboard or add-in? If onboard it is desktop adapter and may require an actual server adapter to correctly achieve the goal.
2. Does PROSet show the NIC as having the capability to configure multi-VLANs?
You are using the correct protocol 802.1q, but the concern is whether you are using a desktop adapter (which would not have the required firmware) or server adapter.
2. Re: Help configuring VLAN's in a PRO1000 PL network adapterxxsubz78x Jul 14, 2009 10:12 AM (in response to dstickse)
I have the exact same problem.
My NIC is an add-in Intel Pro 1000 GT Desktop Adapter. I do have the capability to configure multi-VLANs.
The VLANs receive a DHCP address but they can't communicate on the network. I took a packet capture and it shows the NIC is sending out ARPs and the switch is replying back to the NIC but the NIC keeps asking for the ARP over and over again.
ie. NIC says "who has the mac-address for 172.31.6.1" ?
switch says "here's the mac-address".
this keeps repeating over and over
the only way I've been able to get it to work is by statically creating an ARP entry on the Windows system for the default gateway.
Is the desktop adapter just not compatible with multi-VLANs?
3. Re: Help configuring VLAN's in a PRO1000 PL network adapterC2iT Jul 31, 2009 10:13 AM (in response to xxsubz78x)
I have the same problem with the Pro 1000 MT Server Adaptor.
Ipconfig/all shows each VLAN nic as having the same MAC address and you can't selectively change them, if you change one they all change, I suspect this is the problem, and if it is then it's a driver issue I'd say??
Any assistance here would be appreciated Intel.......
4. Re: Help configuring VLAN's in a PRO1000 PL network adapterichun Nov 17, 2009 8:54 PM (in response to xxsubz78x)
About your Cisco switch port, did you set it as "TAGGED" on your vlan config?
5. Re: Help configuring VLAN's in a PRO1000 PL network adaptermarigo Apr 26, 2012 5:53 AM (in response to ichun)
I also run into problems related to this post.
Some Vlans need special treatment which is accomplished by sourcing from a different mac address. Now this is not possible with the CT and PL desktop network adapters which I own. Is there a sollution for this issue?
kind regards,
Richard Gosen
Sometimes you must let go an issue if you aren't able to figure it out fast. I was in that state, but I have fixed the problem.
As stated above, you can change the root mac address and all the vlans, that you have configured, will source from that locally administered address. Since the mac address is locally significant on a network subnet it doesn't matter that it is the same address. So.....my issue is gone.


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If the bill becomes law, North Dakota's treasury would take a more than $1 billion hit over the next two years, according to state Tax Department analysts.
Residents of oil-rich North Dakota should get a break from paying state income tax this year and next, a Minot lawmaker argued Monday, noting the state already has more than $1 billion budget surplus.
Republican Rep. Scott Louser told the House Finance and Tax Committee that his plan is an attempt to decrease the tax burden on people living in the state with the nation's lowest unemployment rate. The measure would apply to individuals, estates and trusts across North Dakota.
Louser said the idea, which he calls "big, bold, aggressive but also responsible," came from his constituents and has widespread support.
"The state has a surplus — a very large surplus," Louser said. "Let's cut taxes."
If the bill becomes law, North Dakota's treasury would take a more than $1 billion hit over the next two years, according to state Tax Department analysts. The proposal would reinstate the state income tax in 2015.
Republican Gov. Jack Dalrymple already has called for $545 million in tax cuts, including reductions in property taxes and individual and corporate income taxes.
North Dakota Chamber of Commerce spokesman Bill Shalhoob said his business-promoting group opposes Louser's bill, arguing that tax relief could be better found through a combination of tax cuts
"We support lowering taxes," Shalhoob said. "But this is not the right vehicle. There are other places to do it."
Andrea Toman, a stay-at-home mom from Bismarck, told lawmakers that cutting state income taxes for individuals was the most equitable way to ensure that tax cuts help everyone in the state.
"It would be a great benefit," she said, noting that the North Dakota would join seven other state states that have no state income tax: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas, Washington and Wyoming.
Sandy Clark, a spokeswoman for the North Dakota Taxpayers Association, endorsed the measure. She argued that allowing residents to keep more of their tax dollars would spur retail sales and sales tax revenue.
"When people have more money in their pocket, they're going to spend it," she said.
Deputy Tax Commissioner Ryan Rauschenberger said the agency has 14 employees assigned to state income tax filings. He said those positions could be "repurposed," at least temporarily, to performing audits on state income tax filings for past tax years, or assigned to help out on sales tax filings.


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NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partners. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Monday, September 7, 2015
Becker, MD
Mabel Stearns Stonehill Endowed Chair and Professor of Internal Medicine
Director, University of Cincinnati Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Department of Internal Medicine
College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati
Richard Becker, MD, is director and physician-in-chief of the University of Cincinnati Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, and Mabel Stearns Stonehill Endowed Chair and Professor in the UC Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease. He leads all cardiovascular services throughout the UC Health system and collaborates closely with colleagues at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the Cincinnati Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
Dr. Becker received the Daniel Drake Medal, the UC College of Medicine's highest honor in 2011. He has served as a principal investigator and co-principal investigator of many National Institutes of Health-funded research studies and has been supported by industry, foundations and other government agencies for clinical and translational investigations on thrombosis, hemostasis, vascular biology and pharmacogenetics. He is a prolific contributor to scientific literature having published more than 600 articles, textbooks, book chapters, invited reviews and editorials, abstracts and both national and international position papers.
He is the founding editor-in-chief of the Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, an editorial board member for Thrombosis Research, Journal of the American College of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Therapeutics and a guest editor for Circulation. Dr. Becker is a member of numerous professional societies, including the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis and the American Heart Association, for which he is a national spokesperson.


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Thinking about planning for life after death is a very strange, I can't even imagine the thought of dying, it seems so far off. But the truth is we really don't know when our time will come, so to be safe here's how to plan for your digital afterlife.
According to WNET, "Here's what you need to know about how you can leave your accounts in good hands when you die -- and what companies will (and will not) reveal to your digital heirs." It's just smart planning to have this kind of situation planned out. Find a family member or friend that you trust with your digital logins.
CNET on Twitter
It's not too early to prepare for your digital afterlife https://t.co/SQ1SNDuV4i
- You can add up to 10 friends and family members who will be informed if your account is inactive for a certain amount of time. These members, with your permission, will be able to download data from your accounts for three months.
- Microsoft offers Next of Kin, you will have to manually add members that you grant access to your account data.
- Yahoo will not release any of your data when you die, you will need to provide your friends and family with your login information.
- Facebook allows you to designate a legacy contact who cannot see any private messages but are given access to manage of your account when you die.
- Twitter does not allow you to grant anyone access to your account when you die. Immediate family members and people who are authorized to act on your behalf can request that your account be deactivated.
- Instagram is owned by Facebook, but does not offer the same legacy contact option. Instagram instead memorializes the account.
Mary Brooke Beasley has a healthy obsession with all things related to cats, fashion, and the color pink! She mainly writes trending topics, celebrity gossip, and lifestyle pieces.


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Hornets halt Cetlics' win streak at sixSportsDirect Inc.
January 16. 2013 11:20PM
BOSTON -- Al-Farouq Aminu scored 18 points to lead five players in double figures as visiting New Orleans helped Austin Rivers win a family affair, 90-78, on Wednesday in the fourth father-son matchup in NBA history.
Robin Lopez had 17 points on 7-for-11 shooting and Greivis Vasquez chipped in 15 points and 11 rebounds for the Hornets, who overcame the absence of Eric Gordon (sore knee) to post their sixth win in seven outings.
Kevin Garnett had a team-high 15 points and Paul Pierce mustered just 12 on 5-for-16 shooting for the Celtics, who saw their six-game winning streak come to an end.
New Orleans took advantage of Boston's struggles from the field in the fourth quarter (7-for-23) to pull away. The Hornets also excelled at the free-throw line, finishing 26-for-31.
After Jared Sullinger's jumper brought the Celtics to within four at 75-71, Vasquez scored five of his team's next seven points before Ryan Anderson added a five-point surge.
GAME NOTEBOOK: Austin Rivers received a nice round of applause upon entering the contest at the 4:19 mark of the first quarter. Rivers, who entered the game 0-for-9 from the field in his last five contests, finished with eight points on 3-of-6 shooting against the Celtics, who are coached by his father. ... Garnett (24,824) moved past Patrick Ewing for 16th place on the NBA all-time scoring list. ... Hornets G Brian Roberts rolled his left ankle while driving to the basket in the first quarter. He did not return.


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NIS, Serbia (AP) — To Bratislav Stojanovic, the best way to cope in the world of the living is to descend among the dead.
The 42-year-old homeless man has been dwelling at a cemetery in Nis, a city in southern Serbia, for more than 15 years, turning one of the underground tombs there into a place of his own.
Stojanovic has spent many of his days — and nights — holed up in deadly silence among the human remains. He says he finds the experience strangely comforting rather than unnerving.
"It is quiet here," he explained. "I'm not afraid of the dead, they can't harm me. The living can."
Stojanovic has piled a mattress and blankets in the tomb, which has a concrete roof but is open on one side. It is how he slides into the tiny space, but the opening also allows in cold and rain. Scattered in the tomb are old plastic bottles as well as candles that he picked up from other graves and which he burns at night to see. There is even a skull lying around, he said.
The old cemetery is located in the downtown and has been closed since the mid-1970s, when the last of its dead were laid to rest there and authorities set up a new burial location away from the center.
The headstone of Stojanovic's resting place is partly broken but still bears pictures of the people buried below. Around the cemetery some graves have been opened and apparently robbed.
"Hardly anyone comes here anymore," Stojanovic said. "I am all by myself."
Stojanovic has been out in the streets since the mid-1990s, when his country got caught up in a swirl of ethnic wars, international sanctions and crippling economic crisis.
Formerly a construction worker, Stojanovic at one point could no longer hold down a job and found it hard to get along with his aging father, with whom he was living.
Over the years, Stojanovic found himself spending more time in the streets than at home. Two years ago, the family house caught fire and burned to the ground, killing his father and leaving him with nothing.
The local authorities in Nis have offered Stojanovic a place in a home for the elderly, but he has refused. He said there are people who help him from time to time, but he mostly gets by on what he finds in garbage containers, including food, cigarettes and clothes.
"I've been in and out of this place for fifteen years now. If I don't find an abandoned or an empty house somewhere that I can use, I come back here," he said. "This is my safe place."


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An individual becomes an Invited Expert in a group as follows:
Section 18.104.22.168 of the W3C Process Document explains that W3C sometimes invites an individual with particular expertise to become a Invited Expert in a Group. The Team generally follows these principles when considering an application:
The status of all Invited Experts is reviewed at least once a year, and may be reviewed more frequently, to ensure that information supplied on their application is still current (for instance organizational affiliation, participation commitment, etc.).
Only after an individual has accepted an invitation from the Team to participate in a Working or Interest Group as an Invited Expert, and only for groups where Member access is required, is that individual granted "Member access" to the W3C Web site.


text:
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Try RideshareOnline.com to help get where you need to go more affordably:
Tools for network administrators Do you want to help people at your workplace, school, neighborhood or city save money and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by sharing the ride, teleworking, bicycling or walking? Set up a network on RideshareOnline.com and get access to tools to grow your trip reduction program and measure your success. RSO Network Toolbox For network administrators and ETCs Contact: Jef Lucero WSDOT communications 360-705-7846


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Grade Distributions
The Registrar's Office posts distributions as quickly as possible. The grades of all students in the class are included in the grade distributions (including those of non-JDs, whose grades are not included in the mandatory mean/median). In the absence of a link below, there is currently no information available online at this time. Read below for more information on the grading scale and mandatory grading requirements.
Spring 2016 | Fall 2016 | Spring 2017 | Fall 2017 | Spring 2018
Explanation of Grading Requirements
As a service to our students we provide grade distributions for each graded course. The current grading scale at WUSL is 2.50 (F) to 4.30 (A+), with 2.74 (D) being the minimum passing grade for all students [except those in the professional LL.M. programs - in Taxation - who must earn at least a 3.04 (B-) to pass]. [Ending with the J.D. Class of 2003, the scale was 65 to 100, with 70 being the minimum passing grade.] A cumulative and 2L academic year average of 3.04 (B-) (75, ending with the J.D. Class of 2003) is necessary to remain in good standing. Beginning with the J.D. Class of 2004, faculty are required to abide by the following mandatory mean restrictions for J.D. students' grades: for first year courses, the mean of the JD grades must be in the range of 86.7 (3.49, starting with the Class of 2013) - 87.5 (3.49 - 3.55, starting with the Class of 2013) For upper-level courses the mean of the JD grades must be the same as the mean of the GPAs of the JDs in the particular course. Effective with the 2007-2008 school year, the grades for J.D. students in Seminars were required to meet a mandatory median instead of a mean - that is based on the mean of the GPAs of the J.D. students in the class. [Ending with the Class of 2003, the median (middle) grade for first-year courses, was required to be an 83. The median grade for upper-level courses was required to be 82 - 84 in most cases; however, that range could be extended (either down or up) if the median GPA of the students in a particular course was lower or higher than the 82 to 84 range. For example: If the median GPA of the students in a particular course was 85.40, then the professor could use 82, 83, 84 or 85 as his/her median score when grading.]
Students in the LLM in Taxation program must receive a minimum grade of 3.04/79 (75 prior to 2001-2002) to pass a course and LLM Tax courses are not restricted by a mean or median grading requirement.
Students in the non-J.D. programs are not ranked and no percentile cut-offs are reported for these degree programs.
Grade distributions are available for the course names that are hyperlinked. If the course name is not hyperlinked it means that all of the grades for that course have not been turned in (or are still in the process of being posted to the web.)
Also posted to the web each semester - when ALL the grades for each class have been reported - are the following percentile cutoffs for each J.D. class: 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 33 1/3%. Only J.D. students in the top 5% are informed of their exact individual ranks. [view]
Questions? Please contact the Registrar's Office at email@example.com or 314-935-4610


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Saturday, January 11 and Sunday, January 12, 9 a.m. – 5 p.m.—Booth #1243, Halls B & C
Join us January 11-12 for the 21st Annual NBC4 Health & Fitness Expo at the Washington Convention Center. Participate in hands-on activities to discover how small changes can have a significant impact on your health:
Can you guess how much sugar is in a soda or sports drink? Rank your choices and then compare labels to find out how your favorite beverage stacks up.
- What is the difference between food portion and serving size? Use everyday objects to estimate how much you should be eating at home or on the go.
Stop by our booth for a free poster with quick tips on food and beverage choices and activities that can make a difference for you and your family's health. Tour the Expo for cooking demonstrations, fitness activities, and more. There is no charge for admission to the Expo.
After the Expo, come to the Koshland for more ideas about healthy lifestyles in the interactive Life Lab gallery. The museum is located five blocks from the Convention Center.


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BOSTON — Boston Bruins head coach Claude Julien has stressed time and again that the line switches he made prior to Tuesday night's game were not to single any one player out but to shake up all six skaters.
But a glance at the stats sheet easily revealed that the one third of the Bruins top line that wasn't producing was left winger Milan Lucic. Lucic failed to fire a shot on net in Carolina and Atlanta, and including his switch to the line centered by Stephane Yelle and completed by Chuck Kobasew Tuesday, he entered tonight's game with just one goal in his last eight.
In a 4-2 win over Pittsburgh at TD Banknorth Garden tonight — the Bruins' 10th straight win — Lucic potted the game-winner by burying a loose puck that bounced off Yelle a little past the midway point of the second period. The goal was a result of that trio doing what it does best, and that's using its strength and grit.
"Chuck did a great job carrying down the wall, and Yeller did a great job driving to the net. I just tried to beat my man up ice and it was a good bounce and it went in," said Lucic.
Julien gave a lot of credit to Yelle as well.
"The big key there, I thought, was the fact that Yeller drove the net," he said. "And what he did is he created some confusion for their D's and Lucic came in the slot area and picked up that loose puck. There's a lot of good things that happened there, but I think a lot of credit goes to Stephane Yelle for driving the net. We keep talking about that – you're going to back some D's up, you're going to create some confusion and he did a great job of that and allowed Looch some room to shoot that puck with, obviously, a screen."
Lucic said that switching linemates from perennial playmakers Marc Savard and Phil Kessel to Yelle and Kobasew hasn't caused him to change his game. But he admitted the maneuvers made him reflect on how he'd been performing.
"I think things obviously weren't going my way. And I just wanted to get back doing simple things. It paid off today with the goal. Like I said, we've just got to keep getting better," Lucic explained.
When it comes to line changes (and goaltender decisions, for that matter) Julien has had the Midas touch. Whether it's moving Marco Sturm or Michael Ryder to lines centered by David Krejci or Patrice Bergeron, or his latest shuffle, the players who get moved seem to always respond.
"I think everyone's comfortable playing with anyone, so I think we're just going out there focusing on what we've got to do and that's sticking to the game plan," said Lucic. "And I think it's not by accident why we've won 10 straight. I think it goes back to the little things that we're doing. I think maybe we got away from it a little bit but I think this home-and-home with the Penguins was good for us working hard and getting back to doing those little things."


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'Bringing Up Toutou/doggie'
Thursday, March 29, 2012
French Dogs Drink Champagne
'Bringing Up Toutou/doggie'
23 comments:
Paws on the seat - how embarrassing for the poor dog! Owner behaving badly.
The cats are a shining example on washing one's food before dining on it.
Seen any "Bringing up Froggies"ReplyDelete
...think could find some use for... :D
But there IS Meditation like a Frog Kikka!Delete
Calme et attentif comme une grenouille
! ! !
.. Great post on the doggies ... glad you are having fun. Doggies are allowed everywhere it seems. Karen in CTReplyDelete
Doggies! Love how they get the bubbles, though.ReplyDelete
These bowls and plates are brilliant. I stocked up on them recently and gave all my nephews and nieces them. Too cute!Replies
I was drawn to them last trip because of the bright colors..Delete
Later on I realized I could gain some good table manners thrown into the deal.
I love the last illustration - it looks just like my cats Harry and Sam playing with the mouse (yes a real one, not even kidding) they found in the bathroom the other morning.ReplyDelete
Yes, there was screaming involved on my part.
Are French dogs good mousers?Replies
Somehow where you live Amy in MN,Delete
I imagine moose sticking their heads in your windows when you bake cookies and polar bears strolling on the front lawn, so a mouse or two would not be out of order IMHO.
To think of all the things Ozzie missed! I never shared a drop of bubbly with him!ReplyDeleteReplies
Forget the bubbly, you deprived him of a trip to France with me also, ahem.Delete
He would have been even more adored.
Make a betise? Surely not! They're far too adorable! Totally love this post :))))ReplyDelete
Annie would be in Dog Heaven in Paris. She is a nice spoiled rotten dog... but shhh don't tell her she's a dog. :)ReplyDelete
Scampi has been known to balance precariously by his toenails on the chair arm to stretch way over to lick the last sip from an unattended wine glass! also the streets of Paris would be clean from his helpful crumb erradication service! he is spoiled enough to fit right in there! My cats would be so blassie that even Paris would not impress them.ReplyDelete
Wow! That is a big step...but they say you mainly regret things you did not do rather than things you did.ReplyDelete


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Aerialists, sword dancers, magicians, contortionists, jugglers and circus-arts performers of all types bring excitement and low-brow charm to "Kattywampus Circus Spectacular," a lavish stage show of vaudeville acts filled with music, theatrics and dancing.
"It's a multi-faceted, total sensory immersion show with lots of performers and a really fun theme," says Jason Gallager, promoter and project manager of The Curious Conspiracy, the profit-sharing company of performers, technical crews, producers and financial backers that coordinate the event.
"Kattywampus Circus Spectacular" is set for Saturday, May 18, in the Historic Ashland Armory, 208 Oak St.
Tickets cost $20 in advance and can be purchased at http://kattywampus.brownpapertickets.com or at Music Coop. Tickets will cost $25 at the door. VIP tickets cost $50 per person; $300 for six people. VIPs will get a meal catered by Taroko Pan-Pacific Bistro and Milagros Fresh Mix, along with drink tickets and gift bags.
VIP seating starts at 7 p.m.; general seating is at 7:30. Costumes are encouraged.
Los Angeles DJ Avena Shakti Bliss kicks off the party with her mashup of old-time swing, lounge tunes and house beats for dancing. The large, costume-bedecked "Kattywampus" cast — including members of Le Cirque Centre's adult dance company, Levity, Intention Dancers and other performing artists — will mingle with the audience and pose for photos.
At 8 p.m., Dave Clay, ringmaster for the L.A.-based Handsome Little Devils and its Squirm Burpee Circus, and performance artist Bliss Vixen will co-emcee "Kattywampus' " two-hour lineup of circus, burlesque and vaudvillean acts by local performers.
The spectacle sets the stage for Portland's Vagabond Opera, headed up by singer and accordion player Eric Stern. His group plays a goulash of Bohemian cabaret for young and old. Paris hot jazz, gut bucket swing, tangos, Ukrainian folk-punk ballads, klezmer and more weave elements of Kurt Weil, Duke Ellington and Edith Piaf with absurdist flair, theatrics and an Old World mood.
Clay and Vixen will segue the show into 30 minutes of audience participation games with prizes and giveaways. Then look for a second set by Vagabond Opera before the event culminates with a dance party that will last until midnight.
"Upfront costs prohibit big productions like these," Gallager says. "Sharing profits keep the expenditures to a minimum, while the company shares the risks and rewards. We've had phenomenal response so far. The VIP tickets have already sold out. The success of this show will kick off a new series under The Curious Conspiracy."
The new company aims to fill a certain void in Ashland's nighttime entertainment with risque, big-top events.
It's Spectacular
Aerialists, sword dancers, magicians, contortionists, jugglers and circus-arts performers of all types bring excitement and low-brow charm to "Kattywampus Circus Spectacular," a lavish stage show of vaudeville acts filled with music, theatrics and dancing.


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C_Watson necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 127 diseños de 31 diseñadores freelance.
We are starting a new tie business that will be retailing ties online and in stores. In the future we will also be selling other accessories such as tie clips, cufflinks, and wallets. We are looking for something classic, while still being trendy. See below for a detailed description of what we are looking for in the form of a creative briefing.
We have thought about experimenting with crests in the past, but designers seem reluctant to make these (due to difficulty). Feel free to experiement with this concept if you can make a crest sufficiently trendy.
Target Market Demographics (Must appeal to this):Males, ages 16-39, above average income for their age, working in aprofessional discipline (or aspiring to do so) - Can be described as a"yuppie". Also appealing to student professionals and trendy wanna-be professionals
Target Market Psychographics (Must appeal to this,can reflect these qualities in the logo): Find pride in success, work harderthan most, intelligent, fashionable
Current Product(s): Men's Neckties
Future Product(s): Men's Cufflinks, Tie Clips,Wallets
If you put out quality work, there is the opportunity forfuture work as we prepare to launch, as well as ongoing work if you so choose.
Mission Statement:
- Making ties a personal statement and making something that you enjoy wearing
- Making high fashion accessible to the broader market
- Uncompromised quality in all productsVision Statement:
- Revolutionizing the tie market, positioning ties as something trendy and strived for
- Taking control of the online market for ties and men's accessories
- Becoming a recognizable brand in the marketplaceMore on the Brand:
- Scorsa itself does not mean anything, we are trying to create meaning for it.
- We want to be an authoritative source and help people make decisions, much like high end fashion brands.
- We are selling a lifestyle to customers - helping them realize their dream of success
- Every tie will be very fashionable
- The experience will be that of luxury, but the pricing will not be as such.In general, the brand should represent trendiness and success.
- Any colour scheme
- Classic feel (20%)
- Trendy feel (80%)
- Recognizable symbol that can be used on its own
- Can be use on the web or in print (colour, black and white, embossed)
- Unique, recallable logo
- Possible (not required, but nice to have):- Logo can be used as a pattern
- Simple is nice, but recallable/memorable/unique takes priority
- Use of archetypes is VERY beneficial (explain them if you used them)
- Must be included in the logo file:- Any fonts used
- Raw file format (Vector in PSD, PNG, etc.)
- More than 3 colours (not including background)- "Men's Apparel" in the text (or any slogans/tag lines for that matter)
- A tie in the logo
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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WASHINGTON (AP) — The Supreme Court ruled Tuesday that a competitor of printer maker Lexmark International Inc. can move forward with a lawsuit accusing the company of disparaging its business.
The unanimous decision upheld a federal appeals court ruling allowing Static Control Components, Inc., to go ahead with a false advertising complaint against Lexmark, a major producer of printers and printer cartridges.
Static Control makes parts that allow the repair and resale of Lexmark toner cartridges. The two companies have been fighting over Static Control's business, and Static Control says Lexmark falsely told customers their products infringed on Lexmark's intellectual property and that using remanufactured Lexmark toner cartridges was illegal.
A federal judge threw out that complaint, but the 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals reinstated it.
Writing for the high court, Justice Antonin Scalia said Static Control can bring its lawsuit under the federal Lanham Act because the company alleges that it lost sales and had its business reputation damaged by Lexmark's conduct.
The two companies have been wrangling for more than a decade over Lexington, Ky.-based Lexmark's use of microchips in ink toner cartridges. In 2002, Lexmark began placing the chips inside the cartridges to thwart companies such as Sanford, N.C.-based Static Control from refilling and reselling the cartridges to Lexmark customers.
Lexmark later modified its chips to prevent the refurbished cartridges from working with some printers, but Static Control was able to get around the new controls with its own microchips and continued reselling used and refilled toner cartridges to Lexmark's customers.
Lexmark responded by telling its customers that use of Static's microchips would infringe Lexmark's patent. In 2004, Static Control sued Lexmark alleging false advertising and seeking a ruling that its modified chips did not violate Lexmark's patent.


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Governor Phil Murphy
Lt.Governor Sheila Oliver
All of NJ
Your browser does not support script
What is an EFT payment?
An Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) payment enables taxpayers to remit tax payments electronically instead of producing and mailing a check. It is a safe and efficient system that allows payments from taxpayers' accounts to move into the State Treasury almost immediately, helping to ensure that payments are received by the due date.
Who is required to pay taxes by EFT? Do I have a choice whether to file electronically or by check?
Effective July 1, 2004 under P.L. 2004, c. 52, taxpayers with a prior year liability of $10,000 or more in any one tax are required to remit payments for all taxes to the Division using EFT.
Can I participate on a voluntary basis?
Yes, you may choose to voluntarily submit payments via EFT. To enroll in the program, you may contact the EFT Technical Services Unit at (609) 984-9830 or the Division of Taxation's Hotline at (609) 292-6400 for instructions. Once enrolled in the program, you must continue to make payments by EFT unless you notify the Director in writing 60 days prior to withdrawal from voluntary participation.
Will I be notified when I meet the requirements?
If you meet the statutory requirements for participation in the EFT Program, the Division will notify you. You then must
complete an Authorization Agreement
for Electronic Funds Transfer worksheet (Form EFT-1C or EFT-1D) within 60 days. Detailed payment instructions will be mailed to you after the Division receives and processes your completed EFT application.
Online registration
is available to businesses required to make EFT payments and who choose the ACH Debit method.
Are there different payment methods?
There are two methods that can be used when making electronic payments: the Automated Clearing House Debit (ACH Debit) and the Automatic Clearing House Credit (ACH Credit).
Please note that FED Wires or wire transfers are not acceptable methods of EFT payment.
ACH Debit Option
The ACH Debit method allows you to transfer funds by authorizing the State to electronically debit your bank account for the amount that you report to the State. This method of payment is safe, simple and convenient. All the processing costs are paid by the State. The ACH Debit method is a two-step process.
You initiate the process either
or by making a toll-free telephone call to a data collection service and provide the appropriate security and tax payment information.
The information supplied to the data collection service is passed to the State's financial institution at the end of the day prior to the date you authorized.
Prior to the first transfer, the Division of Revenue must supply the data collection service with information on the taxpayers that will be calling. The information will include your tax identification number and the bank account number from which your payment will be withdrawn.
ACH Credit Option
The ACH Credit option allows you to transfer funds by instructing your bank. In order to report your tax payment correctly, your bank must originate your payments using the Cash Concentration or Disbursement plus Tax Payment Addendum (CCD+/TXP) format. Your bank should be familiar with this format.
The ACH Credit Option should be of interest to those businesses that are already using EFT to make other business payments. To initiate an ACH Credit, you must first be set up to do so with your bank. If you wish to pursue this option, we recommend that you contact your bank to determine what ACH origination services they offer and the costs of ACH Credit service. As the originator of the ACH Transaction, the cost of each transaction is charged to you.
Am I required to pay a service charge?
For ACH Credit, you must pay the fees charged by your bank for any set up costs and for ACH Credittransactions initiated. For ACH Debit, all the processing costs are paid by the State.
How can you be sure that your payments have been made? Do I get any kind of receipt after I have transmitted electronically?
Your EFT payments will appear on the account statement you receive from your bank. Remember, you must have sufficient funds available to complete the EFT transaction.
When do I begin EFT payments?
Do not attempt any EFT transaction until the Division notifies you by sending a packet of operating instructions for the option that you have chosen, ACH Credit or ACH Debit.
Do I have to pay all my taxes collected by the Division of Revenue using electronic funds transfer?
Yes. Once you are required to pay by electronic funds, you must remit all taxes to the Division of Revenue using EFT. In addition, this program is separate from the Federal EFTPS program. (If you are a voluntary participant, you do not have to remit all taxes electronically.)
What is my New Jersey Registration Number?
Your New Jersey Registration Number is a 12-digit number that has been assigned by the Division of Revenue. In most cases, the number is your 9-digit Federal Identification number plus 3 zeros. The taxpayer ID number should not be masked, i.e., there should not be any spaces, dashes/slashes or alpha characters. If you need more detailed information about this number, you should contact the Client Registration Unit at (609) 292-9292 for assistance.
What is a transit routing number?
This 9-digit number identifies your financial institution.
Who should be the contact person?
The contact should always be a person employed by the business that can discuss any matters related to the company and the appropriate tax with Division personnel.
What forms of bank verification are acceptable for the bank account(s) that I want debited?
Any of the following forms of bank verification are acceptable:
Voided Check
Bank Statement w/Bank Account Number
Spec. Sheet (Specification)
Letter from your financial institution
Deposit Slip
My Employer Gross Income tax is remitted through a payroll service. Do I still have to comply with the EFT Program?
You are in compliance and the filing of an Authorization Agreement is not necessary as long as:
Your Employer Gross Income (GIT-ER) tax is the only tax your business remits to the Division, and
Your payroll service is remitting your GIT-ER tax electronically.
Otherwise, you need to comply by selecting the method of payment (ACH Credit or ACH Debit) for all other taxes collected by the Division of Revenue.
Can I use both methods of payment (ACH Credit and ACH Debit) at the same time for remitting our tax payments electronically to the State of New Jersey?
No. Whichever method (ACH Credit or ACH Debit) a taxpayer chooses to complying with its EFT requirements, the taxpayer should also use the same method for payment of all the types of taxes it is required to pay by EFT.
If I have received a PIN for filing my ST-50 online, can I begin to use EFT?
No. This PIN is only for filing your ST-50 return. You must be registered with the EFT unit before you make payments via EFT.
Whom do I address for a wavier request from the EFT Program if my company did not meet last year'sliability threshold or my company has ceased operations?
Waiver requests should be addressed to the unit at:
New Jersey Division of Revenue
EFT Unit
PO Box 191
Trenton, NJ 08646-0191
Last Updated:
Wednesday, 07/30/14
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Enjoy and down load movie The Law Of Attraction On-line Streaming in Hi-def format. We are generally update using the new boxoffice movie films your entire family members will delight in. The Law Of Attraction is (Drama, Romance) category launch on: 2011-04-08 from .
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The synergy of its components helps make the movie greater in its entirety, and that's why This is a definite should-see motion picture.
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When the eyes of the world are watching—as they were when Steve Nash '96 lit the Olympic cauldron this winter. Or when it's a long, lonely trek. In this issue, read about journeys others have taken across decades and miles, and what sustains them along the way.
Read More
» Nash's 2010 Olympic moment
» Marty Stortz's pilgrimage
» The historians: Giacomini and O'Keefe
Walking the Camino to Santiago de Compostela, and learning a few things along the way: about big questions, saints, direction, and feet.
web exclusives


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|Episode Description
|Thursday, Apr 25, 2013 - 11:00 AM
"The Fish Chronicles"
A peninsula surrounded on three sides by water, Korea is a haven for fish lovers. Marja visits Sokcho, where most of her Korean family resides, to see the gigantic octopus come ashore in Daepo Port. Later, she enjoys a memorable meal of simply grilled shellfish in a seaside restaurant. D
|More on LEARN/CREATE (MT)
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AFB Center Promotes Independence
Every seven minutes someone in America becomes blind or visually impaired. For some, the onset of vision loss has been a gradual process over many years; for others, the onset is immediate and dramatic. Whether the vision problem was gradual and expected, or sudden and without warning, the bottom line is that any significant sight loss is traumatic and life altering.
Individuals of all ages confronting vision loss need to learn new, creative ways of doing things. Routine daily activities and simple tasks that most of us take for granted, such as shaving, cooking, or selecting clothing, can prove overwhelming for someone newly experiencing vision loss.
The greatest challenge facing these individuals is becoming aware of and gaining access to the resources, technology and training that can empower them to continue living active, independent, and productive lives. Although most states have agencies that provide rehabilitation services such as independent living skills and orientation & mobility instruction, the reality is that bureaucratic red tape and personnel shortages make it difficult for individuals facing loss of their sight to access these services in a timely manner. It is not uncommon for individuals who have experienced a sight loss to have to wait two or more years before they receive urgently needed resources and training.
In an effort to bridge the gap between the onset of vision loss and the need for rehabilitative services, AFB opened the AFB Center on Vision Loss (the Center) in Dallas, TX.
The Center provides visually impaired individuals and their families with access to information on programs, services, and technology, and offers training opportunities for blindness professionals. In addition to the on-site facility, AFB has created a unique and comprehensive web site, AFB Senior Site, which is accessible from any location and by anyone interested in learning both high-tech and low-tech ways to preserve the independence of individuals who are experiencing vision loss. The AFB Senior Site web site is revolutionizing how millions of Americans understand, address, and compensate for vision loss.
But don't let the Center's name fool you—individuals of all ages will benefit from the wealth of information found there and on AFB Senior Site. For example, parents will be able to locate assistive technologies such as screen magnifiers or synthetic speech readers that will enable their visually impaired children to access their school work; adults who are experiencing vision loss will learn how to use lighting and contrasting colors effectively to make their homes easier to navigate; baby boomers will learn how to mark temperature settings on ovens and microwaves to enable their visually impaired parents to continue to safely cook for themselves; and architects and interior designers will be able to view a prototype of a user-friendly, accessible, man-made environment.
Whether you live in a sprawling suburban ranch or a cramped studio apartment in the city, most of us have a desire to feel comfortable and in control of our domain. The independent living component of the Center offers practical, common sense solutions based on four key principles:
- Lighting: Use high wattage or three-way bulbs to provide non-glare lighting. Purchase goose neck or swing arm lamps in work or reading areas. Install additional fixtures in bedroom closets and underneath kitchen cabinets. Increase lighting throughout
stairways and entrance ways, where accidents are most likely to occur. Put night-lights in bedrooms, bathrooms and hallways to improve access.
- Organization: Keep similar items together in the same location. Put away clothing, cooking utensils, or CDs immediately after use. Make use of rubber bands and textured Velcro tabs to differentiate similar items.
- Eliminating Hazards: Always close closet and cupboard doors immediately. Install non-skid flooring in kitchens and bathrooms. Do not leave shoes, packages or other items on the floor. Mop up spills as soon as they occur.
- Creating Contrast: Place dark-colored items against a lighter background. For example, place brown chairs against a light beige wall or burgundy or black towels in a white tiled bathroom. Install door knobs that contrast with the door color and switch plates that contrast with the wall color. Avoid upholstery with busy patterns, such as checks or plaids, because they can be confusing to the eye.
These helpful tips and a multitude of others are available on Senior Site and at the AFB Center on Vision Loss in Dallas. The resources and information provided by the Center are not intended to take the place of rehabilitation services but rather to fill a critical need in the interim—providing individuals experiencing sight loss with immediate access to critical advice that will enable them to live active, rewarding, independent lives.
If you would like to find out more information about the Center please contact Judy Scott at (214) 352-7222 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
We hope you've found this information helpful. Please consider making a donation today to support our free information, programs, and research.
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JVIB Special Issue on Critical Issues in Visual Impairment & Blindness


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Howard Johnson built a coast-to-coast network of eponymous restaurants and motel franchises that fed the wanderlust of mid-20th-century North Americans.
Howard Johnson built a coast-to-coast network of eponymous restaurants and motel franchises that fed the wanderlust of mid-20th-century North Americans.
In so doing, he transformed Howard Johnson's into a cultural phenomenon known to millions for its signature orange roofs, "tender-sweet" fried clams and 28 flavors of ice cream.
"Every chain restaurant you see today is a direct result of Howard Johnson," said Mike Butler, who is manager and part-owner of the Howard Johnson's in Lake Placid, N.Y., one of the last two HoJo's restaurants in existence. "He was a man ahead of his time. He was the first to have turnpike restaurants, and the roofs were orange so travelers could see them a mile away. He was the first with kids' menus and games, and the first to package his most famous items for retail. Any franchise restaurant has something Howard Johnson pioneered."
Born in Boston in 1897, Johnson got his start in 1925 when he took over a drugstore in the Wollaston section of Quincy. As The New York Times noted in Johnson's 1972 obituary, business boomed when he bought the ice cream recipe of an "elderly German pushcart vendor." The ice cream was far richer than anything else on the market because it had twice the butterfat and used all-natural flavorings and colors.
"It was the best ice cream ever made," said Butler. "He used the finest ingredients. Everything was top-notch."
Johnson began building his ice cream business, opening stands along the nearby beaches. He had 25 restaurants along Massachusetts highways by 1935, the Times reported. While Johnson franchised the restaurants, he kept firm control of the food and the food quality.
Among those helping him: a young Jacques Pepin, who would go on to become one of America's most prominent chefs, cookbook authors and television cooking show hosts. The French-born Pepin refers to his time with Howard Johnson as his American apprenticeship.
"He was always going forward, taking chances. He was always enthusiastic and as generous with his spirit as with his money," Pepin recalled.
Howard Johnson's restaurants offered travelers and locals alike a familiar setting and menu, convenience and, for the thirsty, a cocktail if they wanted it.
"The whole concept of Howard Johnson's and its formulas is antithetical to the concept of road food," said Michael Stern, who brought needed attention to the nation's mom-and-pop restaurants as co-author of such books as "Roadfood." Yet he has fond memories of HoJo's.
"They did it with a certain amount of style," said Stern, noting no one in Howard Johnson's heyday would ever have dismissed the restaurants' fare as junk food.
"It seemed to have a quality of, if not gourmet or delicious, of being sort of well-bred. It was what a WASP aunt would serve for dinner. You knew you were getting something of decent quality that was predictable."
Yet that lack of surprise eventually spelled trouble as times changed. Pepin wrote in his 2003 autobiography, "The Apprentice: My Life in the Kitchen," that Howard Johnson's lost its raison d'etre — reason for being — after the death of its founder.
"He was a true American hero with American spirit," Pepin said. "Everyone gravitated around him, even if they didn't know who he was. He had a magnificent presence."
Chef Pepin worked for Howard Johnson in the 1960s developing and refining some of the chain's most popular dishes. Pepin's autobiography contains this chowder recipe. "Although HoJo's clam chowder recipe was made in 3,000-gallon amounts and canned, it was quite good. I reproduce that taste at home when a bit of Howard Johnson's nostalgia creeps in," Pepin wrote.
New England Clam Chowder
Makes four to six servings.
5 quahog clams or 10 to 12 large cherrystone clams
4 cups water
4 ounces pancetta or lean, cured pork, cut into 1-inch pieces (about 3/4 cup)
1 tablespoon olive oil
1 large onion, cut into 1-inch-thick pieces (1 1/2 cups)
2 teaspoons chopped garlic
1 tablespoon flour
2 sprigs fresh thyme
1 pound Yukon Gold potatoes, peeled, cut into 1/2-inch dice (2 1/4 cups)
1 cup each: whipping cream, milk
1/4 teaspoon black pepper
Prep: 25 minutes Cook: 2 hours. Wash clams well under cold water; put in saucepan with 2 cups water. Heat to a boil; boil gently, 10 minutes. Drain off; reserve the cooking liquid. Remove the clams from their shells; cut the clams into 1/2-inch pieces (1 1/2 cups). Put the clam pieces in a bowl; carefully pour the cooking liquid into another bowl, leaving behind any sediment or dirt. You should have about 3 1/2 cups stock. Set aside the stock and the clams. Put the pancetta or pork pieces in a large saucepan; cover with the remaining 2 cups water. Heat to a boil; boil 30 seconds. Drain; rinse pancetta under cold water. Rinse the saucepan; return the pancetta to the pan with the oil. Place over medium heat, cooking gently, stirring occasionally, 7-8 minutes. Add the onion and garlic; cook, stirring, 1 minute. Add the flour; mix it in well and cook briefly. Add the reserved stock and thyme; heat to a boil. Add the potatoes and clams; heat to a boil. Cover; reduce the heat to very low. Cook gently, 2 hours. At serving time, add the cream, milk and pepper; simmer until warmed through. Remove thyme sprigs. Nutrition information per serving: 305 calories, 21 g fat, 11 g saturated fat, 70 mg cholesterol, 22 g carbohydrates, 8 g protein, 279 mg sodium, 2 g fiber.


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14 Feb 2012 15:30:01 PM
Gary Goodridge Diagnosed With Early Onset Pugilistic Dementia
(Everyone head over to Gary's Twitter and wish him the best of luck.)
Some really sad news today, Potato Nation. It is being reported that none other than MMA/kickboxing legend and regular CP columnist Gary Goodridge has been diagnosed with early onset CTE/pugilistic dementia at the age of 46. Goodridge, who built a reputation for his hard hitting style and aggressive attack, has fought an incredible 84 times since beginning his professional career in 1996.
CTE, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy, is brain damage that stems from repeated blows to the head, and is a common occurrence amongst boxers, football players, and hockey players for obvious reasons.
Though the outlook is grim for "Big Daddy," Goodrige says he wouldn't change a thing in hindsight. But perhaps a little surprising is the fact that he places most of the blame on his K1 career.
You get the news you just have to deal with it, live with it. There's no treatment that goes along with it. There's pills to make it slow down the process, but it's inevitable.
I have no regrets. I love the way I live my life, I mean I would like to make little changes, but no, I have no regrets. I loved the way my life was, I lived a good life, and I'm happy with what I did.Read More DIGG THIS


text:
Bulletin Issues
Current Issue
Past issues of the Bulletin are available here, or through the ASIS&T Digital Library.
Editor's Summary
Methods for determining research quality have long been debated but with little lasting agreement on standards, leading to the emergence of alternative metrics. Altmetrics are a useful supplement to traditional citation metrics, reflecting a variety of measurement points that give different perspectives on how a dataset is used and by whom. A positive development is the integration of a number of research datasets into the ISI Data Citation Index, making datasets searchable and linking them to published articles. Yet access to data resources and tracking the resulting altmetrics depend on specific qualities of the datasets and the systems where they are archived. Though research on altmetrics use is growing, the lack of standardization across datasets and system architecture undermines its generalizability. Without some standards, stakeholders adoption of altmetrics will be limited.
research data sets
citation analysis
access to resources
Bulletin, August/September 2013
Tracking Citations and Altmetrics for Research Data: Challenges and Opportunities
by Stacy Konkiel
The recently announced San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment [1], which calls for the abandonment of the journal impact factor as a means to determine the quality of research, highlights how important and contested the measurement of scholarly impact has become. Measuring impact for research data is also complicated. Data citation itself is not yet a standard practice [2, 3], and there is no authoritative agreement on how and when data should be cited [4]. Altmetrics, which track scholarships usage on the social and scholarly web, comprise a nebulous group of metrics that use an ever-shifting list of web services APIs as a source of their data [5]. As with data citations, standards do not yet exist to record or report the impact of different types of altmetrics. In light of these challenges, a panel was convened at the ASIS&T Research Data Access & Preservation Summit 2013 (RDAP13) to discuss new developments in exactly how researchers track the impact of data.
Overview of Data Metrics
Though discussions of data citation practices have occurred since the 1980s, it is in recent years that domain specialists, scientometricians and data curators have attempted to define standards for the citation of data and other data-related metrics. The closest the field has come to defining a standard is establishing DataCite [6], an organization that registers permanent identifiers (PIDs) for data and indexes associated metadata for discovery.
Such standards were the subject of the National Academies Board on Research Data and Information workshop, For Attribution Developing Data Attribution and Citation Practices and Standards: Summary of an International Workshop (2012), a full report of which is available at the National Academies Press website [7]. Various stakeholders, including researchers, librarians and publishers, put forth their positions on what attribution for data should look like (citation versus varied metrics), what functions it should serve (attribution, showing provenance or defining the impact of researchers overall), how its infrastructure should behave (characteristics of host repositories, executable papers or linked data) and which communities are responsible for its development and implementation (libraries, publishers, data centers or researchers). No single position or suite of recommendations emerged from the meeting nor from a similar meeting, Bridging Data Lifecycles: Tracking Data Use via Data Citations Data Workshop [8], held earlier that year.
Other researchers are tackling the problem of tracking impact with a bottom-up approach. The Data Usage Index (DUI) has been proposed for the field of biodiversity, based on a variety of metrics culled from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) repository [4]. The authors call for a move beyond data citations, which mimic the citation of traditional publications, primarily because existing metrics do not recognize all players involved in the life cycle of those data from collection to publication nor are they yet standardized. Based on usage logs from the GBIF servers, Ingwersen and Chavan conceptualized a set of measures that are either absolute or relative: number of searched records, download frequencies, number of datasets, download densities and number of searches, to name a few of the 14 metrics. These measures are intended to show value to the researcher and to be used to demonstrate impact in a manner analogous to other altmetrics. While the study has implications for further development of related DUIs, the authors acknowledge that their index is specific to the GBIF repository and therefore not generalizable to all research data repositories.
These limitations are the starting point for the study, The Product and System Specificities of Measuring Impact: Indicators of Use in Research Data Archives, presented at the 2013 International Digital Curation Conference [9]. The overall aim of the groups research is to develop a suite of metrics that can expose the value that data curators add to a dataset, which in itself is an intriguing concept. The researchers conceptual framework is especially interesting in that they acknowledge that so-called specificities of systems and products that is, the various sociotechnical factors that influence a systems or an organizations design and development have more to do with the value of metrics that can be extracted than external factors.
Data curation work is related to both system and product specificities. It is reliant on a systems specificities architecture and arrangement that dictate how the user can interact with an archive in that such specificities have an influence on metrics like number of search hits and number unique users who can discover the content. Equally important are product specificities, which are the qualities and properties of the datasets themselves their file structure, format and size that affect the way a user can interact with the archive in consuming and discovering data [9]. Though the researchers do not go into detail about the effects of particular data-curation activities (such as describing data using metadata standards and controlled vocabularies, reorganizing data for understandability and consumption) on data metrics, the area is tantalizingly open for further study.
Another major study in this area that addresses the various metrics, stakeholders and infrastructure considerations from a 10,000-foot view is the report The Value of Research Data: Metrics for Datasets from a Cultural and Technical Point of View accessible at the Knowledge Exchange website [10]. The authors give a rich overview of the challenges and opportunities that lie in capturing metrics for data and report on stakeholder views of the viability of the currently available metrics. Chief among the challenges are culture and infrastructure.
The authors posit that researchers have little reason to value data metrics (including citations) as yet, since they are not considered as valuable as citations to traditional publications. They also have little reason to adopt practices that will enable data metrics to be easily tracked, such as standardized citations for data or the assignment of permanent identifiers such as DOIs (digital object identifiers) to datasets, because the technical infrastructure currently does not support such practices for the most part. This presents a chicken-or-egg conundrum for those developing infrastructure for data citation, which is currently suboptimal, as there does not yet seem to be a need for such an infrastructure, given the lack of interest from researchers. Results from stakeholder interviews and environmental scans inform much of their report.
At RDAP13, Kathleen Fear, University of Michigan; Elizabeth Moss, ICPSR; and Heather Piwowar, ImpactStory/Duke University, presented their work and research related to measuring the impact of data. While all three researchers agreed that data citation is a good way to measure scholarly impact, they also shared their ideas on how to capture a fuller picture of the impact of data, including how the data has been reused and by which audiences.
The Impact of Data Reuse: A Pilot Study of Five Measures
Fear, a PhD candidate at University of Michigan, began the panel by sharing her research into the many ways that citations and usage statistics such as downloads can be used to track various degrees of impact for social science datasets [11]. The impacts boil down into five categories: data reuse, quality of publications that reuse data, diversity of publications that reuse data, size of network stemming from a single dataset and number of unique individuals who download a dataset.
The measurement for the number of times the data has been reused is analogous to how many times a dataset has been cited. While most datasets in Fears sample had never been cited, many were cited two to 10 times over the course of their lifecycle, with some receiving as many as 30 citations in journal articles. Fear measured the quality and diversity of publications that cite (reuse) the data by determining the citation rates for articles that cite the datasets and the breadth of publications. She noted that reuse rates can be affected by the publications in which a dataset was cited and also by disciplinary differences.
By counting the number of unique individuals who download a dataset, repositories can make general estimates of the datas popular impact. However, we cannot be sure if downloads mean that the dataset has been used in any way, just as we cannot be sure that downloads of journal articles guarantee a paper has been read
The final metric, the size of publication network that stems from a single dataset, is still being researched. The other measures are, interestingly, for the most part all interrelated. Fear found that data reuse counts had little to do with unique downloaders or the datas secondary impact.
The results of Fears study are interesting, but are they generalizable to all data and data repositories? In our current environment, the answer is, No. In working with social science datasets culled from the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), Fear was able to track reuse using the repositorys Bibliography of Data-Related Literature (which is described in more detail below). The bibliography is, by necessity, a manually curated list; data citation standards have not yet been fully developed or implemented in a way that can automate the tracking for all data held in the ICPSR.
However, in a future where data is cited as strictly as prior publications are cited, one could imagine that Fears measures of impact take on great importance. Data potentially could have a much broader impact than publications, because they are open to interpretation and analysis: different communities often repurpose data in many different ways with many different results. Determining the scope and quality of that impact could speak volumes about the quality and utility of the data itself.
Viable Data Citation: Expanding the Impact of Social Science Research
ICPSR has done much in the years since its launch to track the citations for data stored in its repository via its Bibliography of Data-Related Literature a manually curated list of more than 60,000 articles that are based in whole or part on findings culled from ICPSR data. In her presentation, the bibliographys chief architect, Elizabeth Moss, stressed the importance of cultivating a culture of data citation: Impact can be better measured if data use is readily discernible. [12]
Impact is broken down by ICPSR to help understand who uses the data and to what effect. There are certain measures that ICPSRs own website tracks easily: download statistics, unique sessions and users and the names of ICPSR member institutions where downloads of datasets occur. These metrics track who uses the data, while the Bibliography of Data-Related Literature more broadly tracks the datas impact in the literature.
ICPSR has engineered some aspects of its repository to encourage citation of both data and related publications, as well as to support different uses by its various audiences. Within the bibliography, literature is searchable and exportable to reference manager programs. Item records for publications link back to related datasets. This tool can be used in teaching students how to conduct and document their own research, helping researchers perform literature reviews, allowing researchers and funders to track how data is used and enabling reporters and policymakers to see both statistics and the related reports [12]. Digital object identifiers (DOIs) are also issued for data, both at the collection and the study level, with links resolving to the web page with the richest metadata that can help users understand the dataset. These system specificities likely have an effect on how the data is cited and on the other metrics that are collected, as described in the previous paragraph.
Despite ICPSRs efforts to encourage good citation practices, Moss finds that data is rarely explicitly referred to in the literature or discoverable within academic databases. Often, ICPSR staff must comb through articles methods descriptions and figures to uncover the original dataset a project might be based upon. Most academic databases do not index data it is simply out of their scope and current full-text search capabilities are not sophisticated enough for the nuanced search techniques that are currently required to uncover references to datasets. Mosss current strategy to overcome these challenges is to combine text-mining scripts with Google Alerts, which can alert Moss whenever a datasets creator is mentioned or its DOI is referenced.
ICPSRs recent partnership with the Institute for Scientific Informations (ISI) new Data Citation Index (DCI) initiative aims to address some of these issues by integrating its datasets and the Bibliography of Data-Related Literature, as well as many other repositories data and related citations, into the DCI database. Within the DCI, datasets are fully searchable and are treated as research objects that are on par with journal articles, conference proceedings and other traditional outputs. The database search functionality for the DCI as well as related databases like the Web of Knowledge is being converted to meet the needs of those searching for data. As a result, articles can be more easily linked to data, leading to increased data discovery, which is itself a reward for data citation and also rewards those who make their data easily citable all these benefits from a search interface that many researchers are already using to find emerging research.
Moss concluded by explaining how ICPSR helps build a culture of viable data citation to improve measures of impact by providing principal investigators and users with citations, metrics and DOIs for data. Moss encouraged the audience to join groups and attend conferences to advocate for viable data citation practices, including DataCite, iASSIST and the Research Data Alliance. She also advocated that journal editors, domain repositories and funders work together to support repositories and change publishing practices, by requiring authors to better steward and clearly cite the data that underpins their studies.
No More Waiting! Tools that Work Today to Reveal Dataset Use
Heather Piwowar, co-founder of the altmetrics service ImpactStory, discussed the responsibility of librarians, metrics providers and data scientists to go beyond citations when considering the impact of dataset reuse [13]. Altmetrics can track many types of engagement (views, saves, discussions, formal references and recommendations) that many different types of user groups (researchers, teachers, students, policy makers and practitioners) can have with a single dataset. Those are characterized as impact flavors, and tools such as ImpactStory, Altmetric.com and Plum Analytics are well suited to help aggregate and display them.
Piwowar laid out three ways in which the community can help encourage more diverse research metrics for dataset reuse: by exposing more metrics, supporting more types of engagement with datasets and lobbying and negotiating for Open Access to research.
Taking the ICPSR and its metrics as an example, Piwowar argued that content providers not only should provide information on dataset usage (downloads and pageviews for descriptive information), but also other rich metrics such as institutions from which a dataset was downloaded and classifications of unique users (into categories such as graduate students, undergraduates, university staff or faculty). However, many repositories do not expose any metrics, especially at the dataset level [10]. It is the responsibility of data curators and repository administrators to expose such metrics.
Secondly, datasets are complicated research products. The scholarly community has not yet figured out an efficient or standardized way to support peer-reviewed data publications. It follows that scholarly social media sites like Faculty of 1000 or Mendeley would have difficulty addressing datasets and their usage. Piwowar called upon service providers and altmetrics service providers to report metrics for all types of engagement with data.
Finally, Piwowar advocated for advocacy itself, as it relates to data metrics. As data curators, librarians, researchers and university administrators, Piwowar argued that it is our duty to lobby and negotiate for open access to research, including open-text mining of articles, open data from repositories and open metrics from aggregators.
Piwowars last point led to a general discussion of whether repositories like ICPSR should allow commercial, toll-access services such as the DCI to index their metadata, much of which is the result of manual curation. Moss proposed the idea that any exposure to data, whether via the open web or a service like the DCI, is beneficial to the data creator and end user alike. Piwowar, as the founder of a service that relies on open APIs to report metrics, acknowledged that toll-access services and closed APIs inhibit both the ability of end-users to find datasets and platforms such as hers to track their impact.
Data citations are just one metric that can be tracked to determine the impact of datasets made available through repositories. Altmetrics and usage statistics can determine the impact of data and publications beyond the academy and are useful supplements to citations. The technical infrastructure of repositories and the characteristics of the datasets stored in them can sometimes dictate which metrics can be applied to fully evaluate the impact of data. No metrics can be fully implemented until certain standards, such as DOI usage or commonly agreed-upon best practices for data citation, are widely adopted. Even then, manual intervention to link data to publications and other research outputs may be necessary, making the role of repository staff and librarians ever more essential.
Resources Mentioned in the Article
[1] The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA): http://am.ascb.org/dora/
[2] Borgman, C. L. (2012). Why are the attribution and citation of scientific data important? In P. F. Uhlir (Raporteur) & Board on Research Data and Information Policy and Global Affairs, National Research Council. For Attribution Developing data attribution and citation practices and standards: Summary of an international workshop (pp. 110). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13564
[3] Mooney, H., & Newton, M. (2012). The anatomy of a data citation: Discovery, reuse and credit. Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication, 1(1), eP1035. doi:10.7710/2162-3309.1035. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from http://jlsc-pub.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=jlsc [
[4] Ingwersen, P., & Chavan, V. (2011). Indicators for the Data Usage Index (DUI): An incentive for publishing primary biodiversity data through global information infrastructure. BMC Bioinformatics, 12 (Suppl 15), S3. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-12-S15-S3. Retrieved June 19, 2013 from www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/12/S15/S3
[5] Priem, J., Taraborelli, D., Groth, P., & Neylon, C. (2010). Alt-metrics: A manifesto. Retrieved October 26, 2010, from http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/
[6] DataCite: www.datacite.org/
[7] Uhlir, P. F. (Raporteur), & The National Research Council. (2012). For attribution developing data attribution and citation practices and standards: Summary of an international workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13564
[8] University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). (2012). Bridging Data Lifecycles: Tracking Data Use via Data Citations Data Workshop. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from http://library.ucar.edu/data_workshop/
[9] Weber, N. M., Thomer, A. K., Mayernik, M. S., Dattore, B., Ji, Z., & Worley, S. (2013). Indicators of use in research data archives. 8th International Digital Curation Conference (IDCC). Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
[10] Costas, R., Meijer, I., Zahedi, Z., & Wouters, P. (2013). The Value of research data: Metrics for datasets from a cultural and technical point of view. Copenhagen, Denmark. Knowledge Exchange. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from www.knowledge-exchange.info/datametrics
[11] Fear, K. (2013). The impact of data reuse: A pilot study of five measures [Powerpoint slides]. Research Data Access & Preservation Summit. Baltimore, MD. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from www.slideshare.net/asist_org/kfear-rdap
[12] Moss, E. (2013). Viable Data Citation: Expanding the impact of social science research [Powerpoint slides]. Research Data Access & Preservation Summit. Baltimore, MD. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from www.slideshare.net/asist_org/rdap13-moss
[13] Piwowar, H. A. (2013). No more waiting! Tools that work today to reveal dataset use [Powerpoint slides]. Research Data Access & Preservation Summit. Baltimore, MD. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from
Stacy Konkiel is science data management librarian at Indiana University. She can be reached at skonkiel<at>indiana.edu.
Articles in this Issue
Partnerships Between Institutional Repositories, Domain Repositories and Publishers
The Relevance of Research Data Sharing and Reuse Studies
Tracking Citations and Altmetrics for Research Data: Challenges and Opportunities
The Research Data Alliance: Implementing the Technology, Practice and Connections of a Data Infrastructure
The DCC's Institutional Engagements: Raising Research Data Management Capacity in UK Higher Education
An Asian-Pacific ASIS&T Chapter?


text:
The CTA is banking that enough people want transit collectibles that it's now offering CTA gifts by vending machine.
The CTA has sold $1,500 in merchandise from the gift vending machine the agency put in the lobby of its Near West Side headquarters in March, spokeswoman Lambrini Lukidis said. The most popular items are umbrellas and toy trains.
Last year, the CTA earned more than $7,000 in revenue from its collectibles site CTAgifts.com, which launched five years ago. The CTA has made more than $275,000 in gift revenue since 2008, Lukidis said.
There are no immediate plans to install other gift vending machines.
"Right now, we're just kind of tracking the performance of this one," Lukidis said. "We're open to expanding it if it does well."
The CTA's gift revenue pales in comparison to New York's revenue. New York generated more than $3 million in gift sales last year through its online site and two storefronts, a spokesman for the Metropolitan Transportation Authority said.
New York's subway system, the largest in the country, logged 1.6 billion rides last year compared to the CTA's 545 million rides. The CTA is the country's second largest public transportation system.


text:
Investigators were searching for three men seen attacking and robbing a man who died a day after the incident, San Bernardino police said Friday.
Alejandro Porfidio Ortiz, 53, of San Bernardino was pronounced brain dead late Thursday night, according to San Bernardino County coroner's officials.
Around 9:30 p.m. Wednesday, Ortiz was walking near the 300 block of West Base Line when three men approached him. One of the men punched Ortiz in the back of the head, knocking him to the ground, police said.
A witness reported seeing the men rifle through the unconscious Ortiz's pockets, take some of his property before running off, police said.
Paramedics took Ortiz to Arrowhead Regional Medical Center in Colton where he was pronounced brain dead at 9:48 p.m. Thursday.
Anyone with information about the fatal assault is asked to contact police Detective Glenn O'Neal at 909-384-5745.