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Seed Scarification, Seed Stratification & Seed Soaking
Seed Scarification
Seed scarification was really easy to remember once I remembered that what you're doing scarring seeds. A seed's hard outer coat makes it impervious to gases and moisture that would cause them to germinate. To overcome this you need to scratch, break or nick the seed coat. In nature this naturally occurs when seeds pass through the digestive tract of some animals, through freezing temperatures or microbial activities that break down the seed coat. Seeds that need to be scarified before sowing are usually large or have thick seed coatings like seeds in the morning glory family, runner beans like purple hyacinth beans vine or canna seeds.
How to Scarify Seeds
The process of seed scarification can be accomplished by rubbing the seed on file or sandpaper. Be careful not to go too deep into the seed itself. Scratch the seeds just enough that you can see a difference is color of the seeds should be enough. Water is easily soaked up through the seed coat after you've done this.
Seed Stratification
Seed stratification is sometimes better known as cold stratification and the easiest way to accomplish this is by planting the seeds directly into the ground and letting nature do the work, like in the case of these purple coneflower seeds I direct sowed in the garden. Although, sometimes you'll come across seeds packets with instruction indicating the seeds should be stratified indoors in a refrigerator.
How to Stratify Seeds
To accomplish seed stratification indoors I'll place a small amount of perlite, vermiculite, coco coir or sand in a plastic sandwich bag. I'll moisten the medium making sure it doesn't get too wet, place the seeds inside and then place the sandwich bag in the fridge, not the freezer. Over the course of two weeks I'll periodically check to make sure the medium hasn't dried out. At the end of the two weeks I'll take out the bag and place it in a cool location for a week. Then the bag with the seeds goes back into the fridge for another two weeks. At the end of these two weeks the bag of seeds comes out into a cool location for another week before the seeds are sown. I'll complete this cycle for about two months. It is important to note that you shouldn't let the medium you use dry out during this process. What we're doing when we stratify seeds indoors in a refrigerator is mimicking the freeze-thaw cycle that occurs in nature. Seeds that need this are usually perennials, tiny seeds and seeds for trees and shrubs.
How to Soak Seeds
Soaking seeds to get them to germinate is the easiest of all the methods, there really isn't much that needs to be explained. You place seeds in lukewarm water for 24 hours prior to sowing. Large, hard and wrinkly seeds, like those of nasturtiums, are the seeds that you'll benefit from being soaked overnight. I've also used seed soaking in place of seed scarification in the case of canna seeds. If you've ever had to scarify a bunch of canna seeds you know how annoying the process is. To make things easier with canna seeds I've brought water to a boil, removed it from the flame, and just plopped a handful of seeds into the boiling water. You'll hear the seeds "pop" and crack, and see them expand almost instantly before your very eyes. Let the water cool enough for you to handle and remove the seeds.
Seed scarification and seed stratification aren't difficult terms to remember and observing the seeds you're planting will often give you a clue as to which treatment the seed needs. Remember: seeds that are large or have hard coatings are usually the ones that need to be scarred to allow them to absorb moisture. Seeds that need to be stratified are usually perennials, tiny seeds like those of poppies or seeds for trees and shrubs. Seeds that need to be soaked before planting are usually seeds that are wrinkly, or seeds that you have scarified. If you need more information on seed starting or seed saving you should use my search engine for seed starting information. I only include the best sources for info on seeds in that Google custom search engine.
27 comments:
Thank you for the very helpful post. I'm starting to get the hang of these methods. You laid it all out very nicely.ReplyDelete
As for blogger. They restored some of my drafts today (although I'd given up waiting and reposted them already). Maybe there's hope for your comments. I just wish they'd been upfront with the amount of time it takes.
@Gardener on Sherlock, You're welcomed and thank you for the feedback. I don't think they had an idea of how long it would take or just how big the problem was. Fortunately, it doesn't happen all that often.ReplyDelete
@Ellie, Thanks for the comment. I updated the post to include mention that I do this for about two months to make sure that the seeds are properly stratified.
Thanks for the great post on the three S's. We've used a box cheese grater to scarify seeds and it was easier on the hand when doing a larger number of seeds.ReplyDelete
@Meemsnyc, With nasturtiums you can do one or the other. Although, you'll have almost guaranteed success if you do both. If you scarify them and then soak them before planting.ReplyDelete
@Debbie, You're welcomed. Hmmm, the cheese grater sounds like an awesome idea! Thanks for sharing it.
You know MBT as I was planting my natsurtiums yesterday I kept thinking I should be soaking them overnight. Do you think they will bloom or should I dig them out of the pots and soak them?ReplyDelete
It's photos like the first that caused the Band-Aids to be mailed. ;-)ReplyDelete
I never knew that you could throw canna seeds into boiling water and they would pop. That sounds a lot easier and more fun to me! Thanks for all of your great tips :)ReplyDelete
@Eileen, Looks like my previous comment didn't save. You probably already did this, but you could soak them or just direct sown. Although, if you presoak they do a lot better.ReplyDelete
@RedGardenClogs, You're welcomed, hope the post was of use to you.
@Monica, LOL. Nice.
@GardenHoard, You're welcomed. Give it a try...so much easier than trying to scarify them by hand.
@Ombeline, You're welcomed. If you have any questions just leave them in a post that covers them. Welcome to gardening and garden blogging.
- kerry6:39 AM
Hi. I just brought some seeds and have never heard of this scarification process, this is how i found your blogg. Very interesting. I will definatly try this method, who know's beginners luck!ReplyDeleteReplies
Hi Kerry,Delete
Scarification doesn't get a lot of mentions because for most people soaking seeds with heavy seed coats will work just fine. But if you want to increase your seed germination rate try scarification and soaking. They'll do much better.
was searching for cold stratificatin of poppy seeds, I live in an area same as Florida's zone and the are pretty difficult to grow in these weather conditions as they love the cold temperatureReplyDeleteReplies
Yeah, when I think about how cold it is in Chicago in the winter I just think about how lucky I am to be able to garden in a climate where poppies germinate pretty well.Delete
- Replies
You're welcomed.Delete
- Pippi2112:27 PM
Mr. Brown Thumb..instead of doing the cold stratification in refrigerator, why not just Wintersow them in milk jugs outside or liter soda bottles? Seems like it would be a lot easier..same idea(except when we didn't get a lot of cold weather this past winter)ReplyDeleteReplies
Yeah, I cold stratify a lot of seeds outdoors, and all of my perennials are direct sown in the fall so that it happens naturally. This post was just an explanation of how to do it inside since I have written about doing it outside before.Delete
- Anonymous5:47 PM
My ? is I know poppy seeds love to start in the cold.With it being spring and fairly warm NM should I put them in the refer to trick them somehow? I have tries to grow them in the past but it got to hot here.Wanna try again. HelpReplyDeleteReplies
You can try to cold stratify them in the fridge somehow, but it usually take a couple of weeks, by that time it may be too warm in your area? Have you tried other kinds like California poppies?Delete
- Anonymous10:05 PM
No I haven't tried them. The heat last summer no matter how manytimes I watered the sun just baked the seeds. I purchased them from a poppy seed supplier and not one sprout. Maybe more mulch. I have grown them no problem in the northwest.Doing the fridge may work but the cold is that so the seeds will want to grow? I thought poppies liked hot/arm weather.Delete
- Bonny12:27 PM
Have you tried other methods of scarification, such as using an acid or a hot water bath? Thanks for the nice article.ReplyDeleteReplies
Hi Bonny, Yeah, I scarify seeds with hot water too. I find it works best for hard seeds like peonies and sometimes cannas too. I love the cracking sound they make as the seed coat breaks open.Delete
Feel free to leave a comment. You can always use the search box for my blog or the search "Google For Gardeners" if you're looking for gardening information. If you're looking for seed saving information check out "Seed Snatcher"search engine.
Do not have a blog yourself? Comment using the "anonymous" feature. If you have a Twitter or FB account feel free to use the "Name URL" feature so other people can find you.
Thanks for visiting.


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OVB Outside Vertical Bar
VRCB Volatility Reduced Compression Bar
Brent Crude Oil (February '13):
- Short Term Trends are bullish.
- Confirmation of a top with a range violation on 01/04/13 @ 111.26. Confirmation of a bottom with a close violation on 12/12/12 @ 108.02. Upside Targets = 110.67 – 111.37
- February Brent Crude dropped lower on Friday to end the week just above Monday's close and also slightly above the daily mid-range.
- Brent was able to make an early move higher into the New Year but could not sustain the bullish momentum to trade through the Q4 highs and may set back to the $110 level it has traded around for five months.
- Projected Daily Range: 1.48
- Projected Weekly Range: 3.33
- Projected Monthly Range: 7.54
WTI Crude Oil (February '13):
- Short Term Trends are bullish.
- Confirmation of a top with a range violation on 01/04/13 @ 91.55. Confirmation of a bottom with a close violation on 12/18/12 @ 88.40. Upside Targets = 90.10 – 90.68.
- February WTI crude oil reversed course from its early losses to close back just a few ticks off the session's high.
- WTI may see a little drop lower in early week trading but find strong support near $92 and then return to make a move back through the $95 resistance level onward to the IT objective of $97.
- Projected Daily Range: 1.61
- Projected Weekly Range: 3.74
- Projected Monthly Range: 7.18
Natural Gas (February '13):
- Short Term trend is bearish.
- Confirmation of a top with a range violation on 12/26/12 @ 3.362. Confirmation of a top with a close violation on 01/02/13 @ 3.315. Downside Targets = 3.102 – 3.055.
- February Natural Gas received a nice bounce on Friday following the largest storage draw of the season as it tried to recapture some of the lost ground from Wednesday's HFT debacle.
- With this past week bringing cold weather throughout the producing regions as well as the northern parts of the country, look for another large withdrawal and for natural gas to work its way higher back near the $3.45 mark.
- Projected Daily Range: .129
- Projected Weekly Range: .274
- Projected Monthly Range: .492

subset: commoncrawl


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Elaine's BookshelfSubmitted by Children's Services on February 10, 2013 - 3:11pm
Winter, in my opinion, is a time for snuggling under the covers with a good book (at least until it snows enough to cross-country ski). This winter I have been disappointed by snow, but not by the books that have crossed my path. One of my favorite new picture books - Little Dog Lost - just won a Gryphon Award Honor. This is the riveting story of a dog who is caught on floating sea ice. It was a joy to share Little Dog Lost at story time this week, where a roomful of children listened with rapt attention to find out what happens next!
Another real-life inspired book that surprised me was The One and Only Ivan by Katherine Applegate. Told from the perspective of an African ape, the sparse language reads like free-verse poetry, highlighting the raw emotion of the story. What I loved about this book was how it would appeal to kids as well, with its emphasis on animals, injustice, and a heroic girl.
Old favorites can be welcome like a missed friend, so I've enjoyed re-reading A Single Shard and Project Mulberry, both by children's author Linda Sue Park, who will be visiting us here at the library on Friday, February 22. I was struck by how Ms. Park was able to create kid characters we can care about, whether they live in modern times or in the twelfth century. I can't wait to hear her speak!
With Valentine's Day coming up this week, I thought I would end with a sweet book I found called I Haiku You by Betsy E. Snyder. Snyder's watercolor illustrations perfectly match the compact and evocative haikus she shares about friendship through the course of a day.
What about you? Have you found some new favorites or re-discovered old favorites this winter? - Elaine B.


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Don't let your guard down yet. Despite the cooler weather, West Nile virus should still be taken
Don't let your guard down yet. Despite the cooler weather, West Nile virus should still be taken
Though, technically, the season here in the Hudson Valley runs from June to mid-September, summer temperatures sometimes stretch into October, thus extending the mosquito season as well.
Yes, the number of mosquito bites does go down now, says Peter Constantakes, New York state Health Department spokesperson, "since people start wearing long sleeves and pants. But it's not until it's cold enough to turn on the heat in the house that the mosquitoes really start dying off," which signals the end of the West Nile virus season, he said.
It's troubling that every year since the first-ever case was discovered in Queens in 1999, the number of reported cases throughout New York and across the country has increased. And this year was the worst, according to Dr. Katherine Seibert, a microbiologist and board-certified internist who is also on the Sullivan County Public Health Services Advisory Board.
Here are the numbers: In New York, as of the Sept. 25 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report, there were 67 human cases, four deaths associated with the virus — none in the Hudson Valley — and 975 infected mosquitoes collected in traps spread across the state.
According to the New York state Department of Health, as of Sept. 25, West Nile virus was found in one person in Ulster County and five mosquitoes in Orange County. No cases were reported in Sullivan County.
"In 2011, we had 44 human cases of West Nile virus but two deaths," says Constantakes, and this year's positive collection of infected mosquitoes of 975 has more than doubled from last year's 453.
Climate plays the biggest role in creating a breeding ground for mosquitoes; the more mosquitoes, the more risk the mosquito is infected with West Nile. And mosquitoes love wet and damp areas.
Here's how Orange County,
for instance, prepares for the West Nile virus season. "The Orange County Health Department implements a prevention and communication plan, which includes an annual meeting with all team members, including representatives from the Calder Center, a biological research field station affiliated with Fordham University, SUNY Orange and the county division of nursing," says Dr. Jean Hudson, Orange County health commissioner.
The group meets annually to provide updates regarding mosquitoes and West Nile virus, as well as ticks and Lyme disease, she says. The county also works with the SUNY Orange biology department to place traps around the county where positive collections had already been taken. This year, 12 areas, including Goshen and Greenwood Lake, were among the areas tested.
There may in fact be more cases of West Nile virus, but since symptoms of the disease are often similar to that of the common cold or stomach flu-like headaches, cough and muscle pain, patients generally recover. "If the population were tested randomly, approximately 20 percent would have antibodies to West Nile virus, that means they've had it and were unaware because symptoms were mild and nonspecific," says Hudson.
The CDC recommends the following to cut down on mosquito bites:
-- Avoid being outside at dusk and dawn, the times when mosquitoes are more prevalent (or wear long sleeves and long pants).
-- Replace the water in birdbaths twice a week.
-- Make sure you have good screens on your windows and doors to keep mosquitoes out.
-- Get rid of mosquito breeding sites by emptying standing water from flower pots, buckets and barrels. --- Products such as DEET and picaridin (found in a product called Bayrepel) and biopesticide repellents such as oil of eucalyptus are effective, with DEET being the most effective and safe, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.


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Sagitta is a Responsive Magento Theme with powerful theme framework for fashion, high fashion such as clothings, shoes, bags, jewelery, fashion for women, fashion for men, ….
We use a lot of bright colors along with impressive products in Sagitta magento theme which will attract you from the first sight. The static blocks are designed fancy, completely unique style and impressive. Besides, the beautiful image slideshow such as banner sequence, banner7, banner8 extensions with lively effects, slideshow of the brand will help Magento store attract more customers.
Sagitta template integrated many strong features that help you to enhance website performance such as : new products slider, bestseller products vertical scroller, onsale products slider, mostviewed products show most viewed products, brand slider, layered navigation ajax, ajaxcart super, upsell slider,… Responsive layout is not bound to a particular screen size, but adapts flexibly to different device resolutions. Custommenu helps show many static blocks with images, brand logos, categories, links to best selling products page, new products page,… Vertical megamenu brings a huge support with big database containers, logical arrangement. It comforts customers and help them navigate from any where in the store. Category tabs slider, category tabs modules show products in each category with rotate image effect.
- 05/08/2014 – Released Version 1.0
- 07/14/2014 – Updated version 1.1
- Fixed banner when your website have one store. - Updated 2 templates ( 2 new layouts )
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- Fixed revolution slider
error " Can't write file ".../default/ma_sagitta3magentothemrevslidercss/captions.css", please change the permissions!– Updated quickstart magento 220.127.116.11
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- Updated Google Rich Snippets Module - Optimizing theme, improve load theme (up speed)
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- Updated new layouts: layout 4, layout 5
- 25/08/2016: Updated version 1.6
- Updated theme compatible with magento 2
updated theme compatible with magento 2.1.9, 2.2.x


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Hummer H4 CUV Planned For Production: HX Coming To Life?
Despite random misgivings by the Chinese government over the sale of Hummer to Tengzhong, recently leaked sales condition details indicate production intent of an small Hummer H4 CUV. HX Concept anyone? Maybe. How about Hummer Compass or Patriot? More likely.


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Welcome to your Gambling Help Online Community Forum.
This is a space for anyone affected by problem gambling, whether you're someone who gambles, a concerned family member or friend, a colleague or a health professional.
On the Forum, you can connect with others, share your stories, setbacks and strategies for change, access information, discuss hot topics and see the latest in gambling research.
The Forum is facilitated by counsellors, though we prefer to take a back seat in conversation; we want this to be a space where you find support in your peers. Regardless of this, feel free to bounce ideas off us, ask us questions, or even private message us if you have a concern. We're here to support you!
Please bear in mind though that facilitators are on rotating shifts, so sometimes might not be able to respond straight away. We will always respond within a period of time (usually 48 hours), but if you're looking for an immediate response, you can always click here to access our online counselling service.
How do I get started?
If you would like to contribute to conversations by posting on the forum, you will need to click here to register your details to become a member. All you need to do is read and accept the Terms and Conditions, choose a nickname which will appear on the forum, type in your email address which will remain confidential, and choose a password. We do ask you to answer a few questions about yourself, but rest assured this is only so we can better tailor our service to your needs.
It's that easy.
Next, you might like to set up your account. You could choose an 'avatar' if you like. An avatar is a picture that represents you (but doesn't have to be a picture of you!). Avatars foster connection by helping other users recognise and keep track of your posts. They just make things a little more personal. Go to User Control Panel > Profile > Edit Avatar > Upload image.
If you like, you can also fill in details like your date of birth and interests at User Control Panel > Profile > Edit Profile. You can also create a personal signature which will be automatically generated beneath each of your posts at User Control Panel > Profile > Edit Signature.
Always be wary of giving out your personal contact details online. All details you provide upon registration are confidential and not shared with anyone.


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Firefighters to practice extinguishing building fire in Lebanon
March 04. 2013 11:53AM
LEBANON - A building on Mount Support Road will be set on fire Sunday morning so firefighters can gain experience in putting out a blaze.
The exercise will take place at 7 a.m. at the building acquired by the fire department for training purposes. Extinguishing the blaze provides a valuable training opportunity for firefighters by experiencing near-real life fire conditions using recognized national safety standards to ensure firefighter safety, according to fire officials.
Firefighters from Hartford, Vt., and Hanover will also be participating. During the training, Mount Support Road from the intersection of Lahaye Drive north to parking lot 20 at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center will be closed to all traffic. Vehicles requiring access to any business north of Lahaye Drive may use DHMC's parking lot 20 to gain access.


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Company Cotton™ Chunky Bath Rug
Overview & Details
- Cotton bath rug / bath mat.
- Bath rug woven in 2000 grams of pure 100% combed cotton.
- Carefully crafted in Portugal where bath accessories are world renowned for long-lasting softness and absorbency.
- Cotton bath rug features a non-skid back so it won't slide on damp floors.
- Company Cotton™ chunky bath rug coordinates with our Company Cotton™ bath towels.
- Choose the Company Cotton™ bath rugs in a wide array of colors and sizes.
- Machine wash.
- Imported.
- Exclusively ours.
- New cotton bath rugs tend to lint at first but after several washes lint will diminish.
Step into luxurious softness every day of the week with our Company Cotton™ chunky bath rugs. Carefully crafted in Portugal where bath accessories are world-renowned for long-lasting softness and absorbency, this signature collection of super chunky looped bath rugs put a stylish spin on the classic look. Company Cotton™ bath rugs are woven with 2000 grams of pure cotton for an extraordinary plush hand and superior absorbency that lasts through years of use. Choose from several size options and a wide array of beautiful colors to find the chunky bath rug that best complements your bathroom's décor. New bath accessories are the easiest way to brighten your bathroom with fresh color and personality.
Our Company Cotton™ chunky bath rugs also feature a non-skid back so the bath rug won't slip on wet floors. It's the perfect bath rug to keep your bathroom looking great and your whole family safe! Exclusively ours, you'll only find our essential Company Cotton™ bath rugs at The Company Store®. Coordinate our Company Cotton™ chunky bath rugs with the matching Company Cotton™ bath towels.


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Find hotels in Hempstead using the list and search tools below. Search for the cheapest discounted hotel and motel rates in or near Hempstead, NY for your personal leisure or group travel. Discover the best Hempstead New York hotel/motel rooms. Review the Hempstead hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Hempstead hotels.
The Hempstead center point is around 1 mile southwest of Hofstra University and 1 mile southwest of Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum - NY Islanders.
How should we direct your call?


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Former park ranger-turned-professor Margo Farnsworth believes that biomimicry is one of the most important new tools for sustainability. It gets her students outside and unleashes their scientific and entrepreneurial minds. This is Margo's story.
Stories From Educators
Lilian Hill has a vision that the next generation of Hopi People will be healthy and return to the land. Through Hopi Tutskwa Permaculture, she reconnects all ages to traditional farming and ecological wisdom. This is Lilian's story.
Social worker Judy Pruim takes you behind the scenes at Muskegon High's Teen Health Center at —a place where students feel safe, and their success and well being are supported. This is Judy's story.
Sarah Anderson's philosophy of happy, healthy, and democratic communities unexpectedly led her to place-based education and the students of Southwest Charter School in Portland, Oregon. This is Sarah's story.
Is it our civic responsibility to help students with language-based learning disabilities discover how they can learn? Landmark School headmaster Bob Broudo passionately believes so. This is Bob's story.
Seattle high school history teacher Jesse Hagopian's greatest teaching moment came after he was arrested at the state capitol—and his students made their own history. This is Jesse's story.
Rich, stuck-up hippies. Racist gun-loving trailer trash. Two teachers try to bridge the divide between their rural and urban middle schoolers by having them write each other's narratives in poetry form. This is Charles' story.
Gov. Scott Walker's 2011 legislation on collective bargaining created pandemonium in education. How did one teacher's community pull together to protect what they worked so hard to create. This is Jean's story.
Brendan Clarke reflects on his first day of teaching, and why he left the classroom to rebuild our connection with the natural world. This is Brendan's story.
Lorna Shepardson knows a magical gift horses possess that can help bring young people from the depths of darkness to a glimmer of self-confidence. This is Lorna's story.
By being part of a human painting, students are instilled with the power to change the world and protect endangered species. This is Daniel's story.
Dan Coulter uses film to help teachers understand what goes on inside the head of a student with AS, so that student can thrive in the classroom. This is Dan's story.
Girlie Forman, a former probation officer, uses her sense of humor and food to connect with her high school students—and their families. This is Girlie's story.
In New Orleans' Lower Ninth Ward, an old grocery store and urban farm is also a school. Our School at Blair Grocery meets crises with open eyes, humble hearts and social entrepreneurship. This is David's story.
How do you get distracted teens to take care of their local watershed? Peter Donaldson's carrot is the opportunity to produce smart, hip videos and be the on-air expert. This is Peter's story.


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It was the fight seen around the country world as things got physical between Bad Girls Club stars Ashley King and Kori Koether on the last episode of the show.
The drama began when the girls got home from a late club outing and the brewing feud over Char between them reached a boiling point. Ashley threw the first punch but Kori, shocking many fans of the show, seemed to finish the fight. There is a pretty general consensus that Kori won this fight and in fact, "Damn Ashley" was a trending topic on twitter Monday night as many couldn't believe Ashley came out with a black eye.
Well, following the fight, below is what Ashley had to say in her Oxygen blog –
"The fight with Kori and I was a fight that I should've fought with Char but OF COURSE, Kori tries to fight all of Char's battles because as we all know Char has no hands. It started at the club we were at. Kori got into a fight with the guy Char was trying to get and his girlfriend. Then the gf flipped me off so I spazzed out. Char tried to call us out saying we are embarrassing blasah blasah blah. So I went in on Char and out of the corner of my eye I seen Kori siding with her and that's when I went in on Kori. I'm trying to have both of our backs while she's stabbing me in mine. So at that point Kori started it and I had to finish it once again."
As for Kori, she took to her twitter page and stated, "Ya i fought ash cause i was just so sick of hearin about Char, right when we got home Ash kept talking about Char it was annoying!… yes ashley deff did instigate it. It was bull shit cause i didnt wanna keep hearing about char! Ashley said she was not chars follower yet she kept talking about char when our fight happened!"
Kori adds that she and Ashley are "cordial" today but that she and everyone else "hates Char."
And a new episode of the show airs tonight on the Oxygen network at 9/8c. On the 8th episode this season titled "Weak Sauce," trouble looms for Jennifer when nemeses Nikki and Lauren gain an unforeseen ally. Meanwhile, Jessica's hard-partying brother arrives at the house and things get a little steamy between him and Kori.
A preview clip is below –


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Some of my favorite streams for anyone who wants to wet a line in addition to their whistle.
In order: the Letort, Little Juniata, Penn's Creek, Clark's Creek, and another Little Juniata.
Some of my favorite streams for anyone who wants to wet a line in addition to their whistle.
In order: the Letort, Little Juniata, Penn's Creek, Clark's Creek, and another Little Juniata.
Last edited by rockbottom; 04-16-2011 at 03:54 PM.
I haven't fished some of these in quit some time. I can tell you though that the next time I fish the Letort I'll be in full camo! The fish in that stream have to be the spookiest fish I've ever went after. I consider myself pretty lucky to land a few.
I have fished the Susquehanna River just north of Harrisburg and it's some of the finest fishing for Smallmouth Bass you'll find anywhere. Never fished it as far north as Bloomsburg but since it flows right next to the fairgrounds you'll find me there in the evenings before the rally starts if conditions are good casting my 6 weight.
PA has some of the best trout fishing in the country, there are more trout streams in this state then just about any state I have fished and have fished in most.
Just a little advice for those packing their flyrods; depending on how the summer conditions will be, could influence what you should go after. Most of the time summer isn't ideal for trout fishing. If we're having a hot dry summer, streams will be very low and the fish will just be surviving, not a good time to be fishing for cold water species. This is the time to go for Pennsylvania's warmwater species. Smallmouth and Largemouth abound. The Smallmouth in particular will give you a fight on a flyrod that you can't believe. Land a 3-5 lb smally and it'll be something you'll remember for a long time.
Lot's of good info at http://www.paflyfish.com/
The Susquehanna smallmouth have been way down for the past few years. I don't know if it'll be back up this year or not. There are a number of guides that work it.
You're right about the Letort--it hasn't been stocked for years, so they're all stream bred. But there are 10 lb browns in there. It runs about a mile from my house.
Another option is to hire a guide and striper fish on Raystown Lake.


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The movement to end the irresponsible use of antibiotics by factory farms continues to gain momentum! Yesterday, Consumers Union released the report, "Meat on Drugs: The overuse of antibiotics in food animals & what supermarkets and consumers can do to stop it," and, in partnership with FixFood, launched the Meat Without Drugs campaign to inspire action.
For those who've missed our past coverage of antibiotics, here's a summary of the issue: industrial livestock producers administer huge quantities of antibiotics (i.e., 80% of all antimicrobials sold in the US) to farm animals in order to boost growth rates and compensate for crowded, filthy conditions on factory farms. This practice promotes the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which threatens human health by rendering medicines used to treat human illness less effective. (If you prefer your issue summaries in 90-second animated video format, check out the outstanding new FixFood video, produced by Robert Kenner, director of Food, Inc.)
"Trader Joe's has a history of taking important positions against selling products that may harm public health and the environment. One of the most important public health issues the nation faces today is the declining effectiveness of antibiotics in treating human disease. We hope they will help start a sea change in the marketplace."
The reckless misuse of antibiotics in animal agriculture has been decried by scientists, physicians, public health professionals, veterinarians, sustainable food advocates and forward-thinking policymakers for decades. Unfortunately, due primarily to the effectiveness of Big Ag's lobbying efforts, the FDA and Congress have failed to implement any meaningful regulation of antibiotics in the agriculture sector.
While Consumers Union and other advocacy groups will continue to demand prudent antibiotics policies from Washington, the Meat Without Drugs campaign was created to drive change by harnessing the power of the consumer. The campaign calls on individuals to urge grocery stores to sell only meat from animals raised without antibiotics, starting with the major national chain Trader Joe's.
As described by Jean Halloran, Director of Food Policy Initiatives for Consumers Union, "Trader Joe's has a history of taking important positions against selling products that may harm public health and the environment. One of the most important public health issues the nation faces today is the declining effectiveness of antibiotics in treating human disease. We hope they will help start a sea change in the marketplace."
We hope so, too. And we have reason to believe that this consumer campaign will be successful! According to a nationwide Consumer Reports poll, 86% of respondents indicated that meat raised without antibiotics should be available in their local supermarket. More than 60% stated that they'd be willing to pay at least five cents per pound more for this meat – which is significant, since the "Meat on Drugs" report contends that pork and chicken could be raised without antibiotics at a cost to consumers of just five cents and one cent more per pound of meat, respectively. When you consider the fact that antibiotic-resistant bacteria infect more than two million people in the US per year (90,000 of whom die), and that these infections cost the country an estimated $20 billion annually, a few extra pennies per pound seem trivial.
Take Action
Get involved in the Meat Without Drugs campaign by signing a petition to Trader Joe's, by supporting grocery stores that offer meat from animals raised without antibiotics and by purchasing these products whenever possible. Use Consumers Union's guide to sort through the confusing array of antibiotic-related meat labels. Use Eat Well Guide to find sustainably raised meat, eggs and dairy products near you.
*It should be noted that since it's possible for factory farms to operate without administering antibiotics, eliminating the drugs from animal agriculture won't prompt universal implementation of sustainable livestock husbandry practices overnight. But it will deal a tremendous blow to the factory farm model, making it significantly more difficult to raise animals in the extremely confined, squalid conditions that have become the norm. Getting antibiotics out of livestock production would thus constitute a big victory for public health, and a huge step toward establishing a sustainable food future.


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In a Year of Winners, These Were the S&P 500′s Best
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In an amazing year for the S&P 500, some stocks stood out for their incredible performance. Choose your own superlative when considering the gains in Netflix (NFLX), Micron Technology (MU), Best Buy (BBY), Delta Air Lines (DAL) and Pitney Bowes (PBI).
As has been highlighted by Alexandra Skaggs of the Wall Street Journal, stocks with cheap valuations outperformed this year, and that's a group that includes Delta Air Lines, which has a P/E of just 10.5 for the coming year, while Best Buy comes in at 13.8 and Pitney Bowes at 13.1. Of course, Delta gained 131% by exceeding all expectations as the airline industry consolidated all around it, while Best Buy rose 236% by proving it wasn't dead yet. Pitney Bowes rose nearly 120% after transforming itself from a dying stamp company into a software provider.
Then there were two momentum favorites, which didn't fare to badly. Netflix, for instance, rose nearly 300% to confound skeptics everywhere and cause one bearish analyst to stop covering the stock, while Micron Technology rose more than 240% as demand for its DRAM chips surged.
In a year when almost everyone was a winner, these were the best.


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20184 Surnames | 131971 Records | 2713 Reunions
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Photo #33528
Last Name: Trebra
First Name : Robert
Middle Name: William
Subject's City: Ft. Wayne
Subject's State: IN
Subject's County: Allen
Subject's Country: United States
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Type** : PRT
Comments: Robert William Trebra (Nee: ) | Ft. Wayne IN United States | | Comments: Taken Ft. Wayne,Allen,IN
/My great grandparents
/Catharina Maria Heemsoth born 13 Jun 1855 Minden,North Rhine-Westphalia,Germany died 12 Dec 1929 Ft. Wayne,Allen,IN buried Concordia Cemetery Ft. Wayne,Allen,IN -daughter of John Diedrich Heemsoth(1817-1907) & Margaretha Elisabeth Carstens(1819-1968)
/Robert William Trebra born 21 Jun 1854 Eilbek,Hamburg,Germany died 26 Feb 1923 Ft. Wayne,Allen,IN buried 2 Mar 1923 Concordia Cemetery Ft. Wayne,Allen,IN
-son of Eduard Heinrich von Trebra(1826-??) & Wilhelmina Henriette Goltz(1821-1871)
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Science--Methodology--Early works to 1800
From Library of Congress Subject Headings
Science--Methodology--Early works to 1800
- http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010112234
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- found: Work cat.: Franc. Baconis de Verulamio, Summi Angliae Cancellarij, Novum organum scientiarum, 1645
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- 2010-07-22: revised
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Everything You Need to Know about Doing Business With DesignersCategories Articles, Web Design
Someone recently posed the question to me, "Why are designers such push overs?" This led to a discussion that attempted to answer that but in the end, left me pondering the very same question.
The service industry …
Many different types of businesses can be lumped into the service industry category. Basically any business that runs on providing a specific service to a customer or client can be included. A day spa is a service business. A mechanic is a service business. A fast food restaurant is a service business. A design firm is a service business.
Each type of service business can then be divided into different categories. For instance, technical, creative/marketing, health/fitness, entertainment, food, etc. They can also be defined by whether the service offers a tangible, intangible or experiential "product".
All of these things factor in to customer/client perception of a business. However, the more I think about it, the more I come to realize that somewhere along the line, people have gotten the wrong idea about design.
Most people would not take their car into a mechanic for a new brakes, then once the mechanic starts on the job, tell them, "Can you also work on the transmission and put in a new battery? But I don't want to pay for all that, I just want to still pay the $300 that you quoted me for the brake job." The reason I believe most people would not do this is that it is well established how an auto mechanic works and that they expect to be paid for all parts and all work they do.
I could relate a similar scenario in almost any service industry. You don't go in to a restaurant, order one thing on the menu, then order two more entrees and declare that you're only going to pay for the first thing you ordered. Yet a client that hires a designer to create a website can often ask for additional work to be done than what is being paid for. This is what all of us designers call, "scope creep" – where the original scope of what you have been hired to do (create a website with certain functionality, for example) changes and a client asks you to do additional work that you did not originally agree on. Many designers just blame the client for scope creep, but designers themselves let it happen all the time.
Education …
Granted, building websites has not been around as long as building cars, but I think there is still a percentage of people hiring designers that truly believe what we do is not really work that takes skill. This is a sad situation where not only does the client tend to not respect that you have talent and expertise (and that is why they hired you), they sometimes think that all you do is press some buttons on a program, or worse yet, that they could easily "do it themselves" but they just don't have the time.
Personally, I believe that designers do have a responsibility to clients to explain what they do, to involve the client in the process and in so doing, educate them that it does indeed take skill and expertise. Educating your client brings more value to what you do.
"The Customer is King!"
This old phrase has been used in the retail and service industry for years, especially for businesses to drive it home to their employees that the customer is always right and you should do whatever it takes to please them. In an industry such as design, a client is paying to produce something to their liking, so it would make sense then that you should give them exactly what they want, no? Well, yes and no. If a client paid an interior designer to redo their kitchen, they would rely on the experience of that designer to help them choose appropriate wall colors, flooring, tile, light fixtures, etc. But the designer also offers them some choices and involves them in the process of selecting. Granted, there are some clients who would put all of their trust in the designer (after the designer got to know them a little bit of course) and just let them handle the whole job. But the majority of people are going to want a say in what their new kitchen will look like.
Some are not going to like what I'm about to say next, but a whole lot of graphic and web designers have an attitude that prevents actually working well with a client. They expect to be hired because they are experts and professionals, but they reject client input and refuse to work with them, making the client feel put-off from the beginning.
A lack of understanding and the reputation of designer-as-fickle-artist could most definitely be two reasons why some clients have trouble working with designers in the first place. These things can also reinforce the negative perception some people have that when you hire a designer, you can expect to be told what to do – expect not to be "the king".
Designer door mat …
The opposite of the designer-with-attitude is of course the one that allows clients to walk all over them. This one I feel is even more to blame for the phenomenon of clients asking for more work than what they're actually paying for. Especially when you're a new freelancer or even a new design firm, you're going to want to go out of your way to make your clients happy. In so doing, you often completely lose sight of what the original project specs were and in turn sell yourself short. A client might want a simple, informational website, then get the great idea to add another feature – like a blog. You may already be creating their site in such a way that a blog would be something easy to add, so you say, "Sure, no problem!" Then they get another great idea, and another one. Each time, you say nothing but, "Sure, no problem!" By the end, you've created an interactive, content managed, ecommerce enabled site and the client, while completely happy with your work is going to walk away thinking that is exactly how design works – pay a set amount that was originally quoted and get whatever you want.
A balancing act …
Between clients not understanding exactly what we do and a tendency for some designers to either be too condescending or too much of a push over, what is really going to make for a great experience on both sides is balance.
A designer should have confidence in what they are doing without having a condescending attitude about it. They should be experienced enough to handle the job at hand and have the creativity and skills to accomplish it. Part of the job of the designer is to educate a client on the process, to listen closely to their needs, and to make professional recommendations and suggestions in such a way that the client does not feel like they do not have any input or are being told they don't know their own business. Finally, a designer should develop the skill of spotting requests outside of the scope of a project and handling them in such a way as to not sell themselves short and not let the client add on a bunch of additional work without paying for it.
Though this balancing act, I believe that designers have the ability to change client perception of our industry, to gain respect, to do their best work possible and to have really happy clients.


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If your child has end-stage renal disease (when kidney damage is severe and the kidneys are failing) our caring, highly skilled, and experienced Solid Organ Transplant team can offer the hope of a kidney transplant. With more than two decades of experience and numerous successful transplants our team oversees one of the largest pediatric transplant programs in the country.
The kidneys act as the body's filtering system. They help control water levels and eliminate wastes through urine, as well as regulate blood pressure, red blood cell production, and the levels of calcium and minerals. Kidney failure (also called "renal failure") is when the kidneys slow down or stop filtering blood effectively, causing waste products and toxic substances to build up in the blood.
Kidney failure can be:
- acute (which means sudden and sometimes temporary): may be due to bacterial infection, injury, shock, heart failure, or
drug overdose
- chronic (occurring over time and usually long-lasting or permanent): In kids and teens, it can result from acute kidney failure that fails to improve, birth defects, chronic kidney diseases, or chronic severe high blood pressure. If diagnosed early, chronic kidney failure can be treated. But the child will usually require a kidney transplant at some point in the future.
Kidney Diseases Leading to Dialysis and Transplantation
A large ongoing study called the North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study (NAPRTCS) is designed to monitor long-term trends in the development of kidney disease and changes in the management of patients with end-stage kidney disease. According to the most recent statistics from this large database, the majority of children end up in renal failure and in need of a kidney transplant from the following causes:
- Underdevelopment of the kidneys (renal dysplasia and hypoplasia): when (for unknown reasons) a baby is born with less kidney tissue or the existing kidney tissue doesn't function normally
- Glomerulonephritis (an inflammatory process within the kidneys): which affects the glomeruli (small structures in the kidneys that supply blood flow to the filtering part of the kidneys)
- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: when scar tissue forms in the glomeruli and protein leaks into the urine; some cases don't improve with medication and require transplantation
- Obstruction (blockage) of the urinary collecting system: when the blockage of the urine flow damages the kidneys and can occur while the fetus is still in the mother's womb
Types of Kidney Donors
Your child may be able to get a donated kidney in one of two ways,
from a:
- living donor: either a relative (this is called a "living related donor") or another unrelated person who the care team determines is a
good match.
- deceased (or cadaver) donor: the most common way, donated by a healthy adult or child who became critically ill and died of an illness (after the person or his or her guardians agreed to donate the organs in the event of a sudden death).
Our kidney transplant team performs living-related donor procedures whenever possible. Of course, not every child can get a living donor, but this technique does make it possible for more children to receive a kidney transplant as soon as possible and increases their chances of long-term survival after the transplant. If there's no willing and compatible living donor your child will be waiting until a kidney becomes available from the local and national organ donor waiting lists.
How a Kidney Transplant Works
Once your child gets the team's OK after all of the required tests and consultations (see Solid Organ Transplant for more information) and a deceased or living donor match is found, your child is ready for the transplant surgery. Your child will only need one donor kidney, which can take over the function of both failing kidneys.
For the transplant, your child's original kidneys are usually left in place, except in rare cases where they're removed because they're too large from disease or they're wasting protein.
The transplanted kidney may either start to work immediately or it may take a few days to get up to speed.
Patients who've had kidney transplants will need to be admitted directly to our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit from the operating room. Here, they'll be monitored carefully during the first few days after surgery. Children can usually eat again in a few days and begin to resume some normal activity soon after.


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UK police seek info about suicide bomber in Syria
LONDON (AP) — Could a British highway worker have blown himself up in a Syrian suicide bombing?
The BBC and other British media said Thursday that police were trying to confirm whether 41-year-old Abdul Waheed Majid, who grew up in the London commuter town of Crawley, blew himself up during an attack on a prison in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo where hundreds of prisoners were freed last week.
Majid's family remains unconvinced. His uncle Mohammad Jamil said the highway worker, a father of three, wasn't an extremist and had traveled to Syria on a humanitarian mission.
Jamil, 65, said his nephew told his family last week that he was on the move and there might be a communications lag.
"He said: 'If I don't contact you for a few days, don't worry about it, I will be in touch again.' That's the last communication we had," Jamil said.
British law enforcement and government officials have been tightlipped. Local police said only that a search was being carried out at a house in Crawley, which neighbors identified as Majid's. British diplomats said they were aware of reports that a British citizen had died "in a suicide" in Aleppo, but said they were unable to confirm it.
Western officials have voiced increasing concerns that Syria's civil war could serve as a magnet for would-be jihadists. Between 600 and 700 British Muslims have traveled to Syria to fight, French President Francois Hollande said during a recent trip to the U.K.
Rami Abdurrahman, who heads the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said he couldn't confirm Majid's death.
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Needless to say, it's weird...
Give Rob Zombie some credit, he tries so hard in "The Lords of Salem." He tries to step outside of the comfortable stereotypes that were a big part of his previous films, and he wants you to see all the influences he's pulling from--Polanski and Kubrick, among others. We know he's done his homework as a filmmaker, but along the way he forgot to put it all together into a cohesive storyline. As a result, "The Lords of Salem" is a colorful and interesting film, but ultimately an unsuccessful one.
So this looks... like a movie. If I had to describe the first trailer for Rob Zombie's "The Lords of Salem", I'd call it "Dario Argento-Lite by way of the trailer park... plus meth".
Another day another "Paranormal Activity 3" clip and man oh man check this one out. There's a girl sleeping and then... well I think there might be something in the doorway? I have no idea what the hell is going on honestly. But I know it's frightening as hell. I think. 99% sure that's what it is.
Kevin J. Foxe is credited as being an executive producer for "The Blair Witch Project" which I assume means he was in charge of finding the perfect sticks to make those weird dolls. Or at least finding someone to go do that for him. Well now he's bringing all that talent to the directing role of a new spooky ghost story involving a group of college students title "The Ghost Experiment 3D". Can you guess if it's going to be in 3D or not? If you guessed no you are wrong... and really stupid.
Here's some news you didn't see coming. Sherri Moon Zombie is going to star in "Lords Of Salem" which is currently being directed by her lover Rob Zombi. If I was a betting man I'd put my money on her playing a freaky deeky who screams a lot and gets naked. That's just me though. She's actually been confirmed as a radio DJ who unleashes a coven of witches from days of yore. So probably not a lot of stripping there.
In a recent interview Mr. David Cronenberg alluded to the fact that he has already written a sequel to his 1985 remake of "The Fly". While there's no actual discussion of the film being made it looks like there's a god possibility it could go into production sometime in the near future. He spent the rest of the interview talking about this season's "Dancing With The Stars". It got kind of weird.


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The Implant Procedure
Although implanting a pacemaker is considered a minor procedure, you will have pre-operative guidelines to follow. Your doctor will provide specific instructions regarding eating and drinking prior to your procedure.
They may also recommend that you stop taking certain medications, like aspirin, which can thin the blood, several hours or days in advance.
Prior to the procedure you will be required to sign a consent form. As with any procedure, there are risks associated with implanting a pacemaker, including infection, severe bleeding, and a collapsed lung. Be sure to discuss these risks or any concerns you may have with your healthcare team.
When you arrive at the hospital, you will dress in a hospital gown and be asked to remove any jewelry or accessories, such as contact lenses or dentures. These will be given to a family member for safe-keeping.
Pacemakers are implanted on either the left or right side of the chest. You will have input as to where it will be best suited for you.
Prior to the procedure, you will be given medications to help relax you. Your chest will be shaved, cleaned, and prepared near the collarbone where the incision will be made.
Although pacemaker procedures may be performed in an operating room, it is not open heart surgery. The procedure is often performed in a cardiac catheterization lab.
You will be conscious during the procedure. However, a local anesthetic will be administered so you will not feel any discomfort. An IV will be started, and electrodes will be attached to monitor your heart rhythms during the procedure.
The doctor will make an incision about two-to-four inches long, right below the collarbone, to create a small pocket. The pacing lead will be threaded through a vein and into your heart.
X-ray monitors will guide your physician through the procedure. If a second lead is used, the doctor will repeat the process.
Leads will be tested for sensing and stimulation, and then sewn into the small pocket under the skin. The electrical pacing for your device is then programmed, and the incision closed.
Animation Copyright © 2008 Milner-Fenwick
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Copyright © 2007 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.


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If you asked me what my favorite thing in whole wide world was, I would answer without hesitation - love. It fills me up with the greatest of joys, and it's what makes my adoration for weddings never-ending. It's why after looking these stunning images Amanda Megan Miller Photography I know I am in the right business, because getting to witness love like this everyday is simply an honor. See it all here.
From Amanda... Two unbelievably gorgeous brides in beautiful gowns, full of joy and excitement to start their married lives together. And not even an unseasonably chilly day amidst a hot Chicago summer couldn't stop these two from having an amazing rooftop wedding at LaCuna Artist Lofts, overlooking the city skyline. With the epic clouds in the sky framing the amazing Chicago skyline, they said I do in front of all their loved ones. And the cool day just gave Anne and Michelle an excuse to hold each other tighter and cuddle up just a little bit more!


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Tough to Build on First Debate Win
Reagan, Bush Both Won Re-Election Despite Poor Showings in Initial Face-Offs, as Their Opponents Failed to Capitalize
Mitt Romney's widely praised performance in the first presidential debate gave his campaign a boost. History shows these kinds of gains, especially by a challenger, are often fleeting.
That was the experience of 2004 Democratic nominee John Kerry, who turned in a strong performance in his first debate against President George W. Bush, but couldn't ride it to victory on Election Day. Similarly, President Ronald Reagan stumbled in his first 1984 debate with Democrat Walter Mondale, but recovered in the next debate and went on to win in a landslide.
Historians have noted this recurring phenomenon in presidential debates: Incumbent presidents, whether articulate or otherwise, often fare poorly in their first encounter with challengers, in part because their debating skills are rusty. After nearly four years in the Oval Office, presidents are accustomed to more deference than this type of blunt face-off. For challengers, meanwhile, the first appearance onstage with a president tends to enhance their stature.
Many Republicans are expecting Mr. Obama not to repeat the mistake of appearing as diffident and disengaged as he did in his widely panned performance Wednesday in Denver.
"One has to anticipate that we will see a radically different Barack Obama in the next debate, so that one actually could end up being far more decisive," said Eddie Mahe, a veteran Republican political strategist.
Mr. Reagan clearly learned from his mistakes in 1984. Mr. Mondale was regarded as the winner of the first debate in part because the president seemed tired and sometimes confused in his answers. That gave the Democrat a boost in the polls and fueled chatter that Mr. Reagan, at age 73, might be too old to be president.
Top Debate Moments
Six key moments in presidential debate history.
- Live: Election 2012 Stream
- Build Your Own: Electoral vote map
- Races and Candidates: By state, district
- State of the Race: Map of latest projections
- Poll Tracker: Latest national, state polls
- Moneyball: A portrait of money in politics
- Super PACs: How much are they spending?
- Issues: Romney vs. Obama on key topics
- Campaign Ads: Watch and rate
In the next debate, Mr. Reagan used his wit to dispel those concerns. "I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience," he famously declared.
In the first 2004 debate, Mr. Bush turned in a performance that, in his body language, invites comparison with the demeanor Mr. Obama displayed. Commentators at the time noted that Mr. Bush often clenched his jaw and appeared annoyed while Mr. Kerry spoke.
He was thrown onto the defensive when, after asserting that the Iraq war was justified as a response to the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, Mr. Kerry retorted, "Saddam Hussein didn't attack us. Osama bin Laden attacked us."
Terry Holt, a Bush campaign spokesman at the time, said the president wasn't at his best in that Florida debate because he had just spent the day touring hurricane damage in the area. But he emerged determined to improve in subsequent debates.
"President Bush didn't perform at his very best and it cost him," said Mr. Holt. "But he understood he could have done better, got focused and put his typical competitive spirit into play."
Jim Jordan, a Democratic campaign strategist, said he expected a similar snapback from Mr. Obama in his next debate, on Oct. 16.
"There's something about the mind-set of an incumbent president that makes it hard to get up for these things," said Mr. Jordan. "I suspect that, as in '04 and '84, the incumbent will bounce back."
Mr. Holt said Mr. Romney may need to step up his game further to meet the challenge.
"If there's anything he needs to do going forward, it's more—more of that engagement, that focus, that competitive spirit," Mr. Holt said.
Write to Janet Hook at email@example.com


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Get the best deal on Hancock Seed products by signing up for email updates!
Please enter a valid email address
Product 4/5
Sunn Hemp- Crotolaria juncea is a fast growing nitrogen fixing legume. Sunn Hemp is used for green manure forage, organic soil building and cover crop applications. Sunn Hemp is non seed bearing in the North American climates. Sunn Hemp provides as much as 2 1/2 tons per acre of green tonnage with a maximum of 100 units of Nitrogen fixation per acre in as little as 60 days. It is also known to suppress Nematodes.
Sunn Hemp is much easier to get incorporated into the soil when needed than sorghum, cow peas, and many other cover crop varieties. Sunn Hemp is the next generation cover crop for the vegetable farmers.
Seed Rate: 25-35 lbs. per acre if drilled, 30-50 lbs. per acre if broadcast. Note: The higher seeding rates should be used if crop will be terminated in less than 60 days or if severe weed competition is expected.
Planting: After the last chance of frost in the spring.
**Sunn Hemp Seed is untreated and non-gmo**
Inoculant Required: EL Type/Garden Combo
Cover Crop & Green Manure: Used as a cover crop, sunn hemp can improve soil properties, reduce soil erosion, conserve soil water, and recycle plant nutrients.
When grown as a summer annual, sunn hemp can produce over 5,000 pounds of biomass and 100 pounds of nitrogen per acre. It can produce this amount within 60 to 90 days, so it has the potential to build organic matter levels and sequester carbon in the soil. It is known to suppress nematodes.
Sunn hemp originated in India where it has been grown since the dawn of agriculture. It has been utilized as a green manure, livestock feed, and as a non-wood fiber crop.
As of 2005, Arkansas considered the genus Crotalaria as a noxious weed. Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant's current status (e.g. threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values).
This plant may become weedy or invasive in some regions or habitats and may displace desirable vegetation if not properly managed. Please consult with your local NRCS Field Office, Cooperative Extension Service office, state natural resource, or state agriculture department regarding its status and use. Weed information is also available from the PLANTS Web site at plants.usda.gov. Please consult the Related Web Sites on the Plant Profile for this species for further information.
Legume family (Fabaceae). Branched, erect, herbaceous shrubby annual growing 3 to 9 feet high with bright green simple, elliptical leaves. It has deep yellow terminal flowers (open raceme to 10 inches long) and the light brown pods are small (1 inch long and 1/2 inch wide) and inflated. It has a well-developed root system, with a strong taproot. The number of seeds per pound is 15,000.
Sunn hemp is a tropical or sub-tropical plant that when grown in the continental United States performs like a summer annual. It can be planted year round in Hawaii below an elevation of 1,000 feet. However, it does not perpetuate itself well and is not found in the wild. Sunn hemp is adapted to a wide range of soils and performs better on poor sandy soils than most crops. It is for such situations that it has attracted attention. It grows best on well-drained soils with a pH from 5.0 to 7.5.
To establish a successful stand, seed should be broadcast or drilled and covered ½ to 1 inch deep into a well prepared, weed-free seedbed. If broadcasted, seed at a rate of 40 to 60 pounds of live seed per acre. If drilled, the rate should be 30 to 50 pounds per acre in 6-inch rows. The higher rates should be used if the crop will be terminated in less than 60 days or if severe weed competition is expected. Where weed competition is mild, drilled rates as low as 20 pounds of live seed per acre have been satisfactory. Inoculate with the cowpea-type rhizobia bacteria.
Using a winter cover crop/green manure is a conservation practice that provides soil-improving characteristics. A common problem, however, is that the relatively short period between cash crop harvest in the fall and planting the following spring can result in less than optimum biomass production of the cover crop. Sunn hemp, because of its rapid growth and relatively short growing season requirement, can be an excellent alternative. Where conditions are favorable, it can provide the benefits of a winter legume prior to a killing frost in the fall and also in the summer after the winter crop has been harvested.
Warm weather (frost-free) is needed for 8 to 12 weeks to provide biomass and nitrogen. Small grains following sunn hemp can utilize the symbiotically produced nitrogen, thus reducing or eliminating the loss of nitrogen. It must be plowed under before reaching the full bloom stage or it becomes too fibrous when using it as a green manure.
Pests and Potential Problems
Some species of Crotalaria, including Crotalaria juncea, contain toxic alkaloids, particularly the seeds and pods. The genus Crotalaria has been known for its suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes.
Sunn Hemp can be toxic if ingested by humans!
Argentine bahia from you is great!
All we did was spread the seed and got a lot of rain..
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Wright back in Mets' lineup
Philadelphia, PA – David Wright will be in the New York Mets' lineup for the first time in seven weeks after the team activated the All-Star third baseman from the 15-day disabled list on Friday.
Wright, sidelined since Aug. 2 with a strained right hamstring, will bat third in Friday's opener of a three-game series with the Philadelphia Phillies from Citizens Bank Park.
The Mets' captain pronounced himself ready to play after going through workouts on Wednesday and Thursday without incident.
Prior to the injury, Wright batted .305 with 16 homers and 54 RBI over 105 games this season. His home run total still ranks second among Mets' players.


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Another View: Jeanne Shaheen was M.I.A. on VA reformBY PETE HEGSETH
August 19. 2014 6:15PM
TO GET a good sense of why Americans are sick of Washington politics, take a close look at Sen. Jeanne Shaheen's recent television ads — currently running across New Hampshire — touting the recent passage of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) reform legislation.
In the New Hampshire Democrat's television ads, she proudly presents herself as a Senate leader in the push for reforming the troubled VA. But the reality was far less praiseworthy — as my organization knows firsthand. Shaheen did not lead the way on VA reform legislation, but instead was dragged to the issue.
From April 1-3, before the VA scandal broke, several dozen veterans from my organization, Concerned Veterans for America (CVA), gathered on Capitol Hill to advocate for real VA reform. We asked for a personal meeting with hundreds of offices holders — both Democrats and Republicans. Most offices were willing to meet, like Sen. Kelly Ayotte, who met with our veterans twice over those three days. Other offices closed their doors to us — like Shaheen, who would not make time to meet.
Our goal in the meetings was to urge all senators to support VA accountability legislation (S. 2013, the VA Management Accountability Act) pending before the U.S. Senate. In many ways this legislation was the bedrock on which many of the other reforms, that eventually passed the Senate, were built. Shaheen's ads tout support for bills born from something she had no time for.
In pushing for real management accountability at VA — meaning corrupt leaders could actually be fired — we knew we would have a fight on our hands when facing down a bureaucracy hell-bent on preventing change to their status quo. That meant going door-to-door with teams of veterans in an effort to build strong bipartisan support in the Senate and House.
When veterans needed Shaheen the most — before the bright lights exposed the VA scandal — she was missing in action. More significantly than not meeting with us, Shaheen ignored our repeated and good faith efforts both in Washington, D.C., and through our active veterans network in New Hampshire, to co-sponsor the VA accountability legislation.Soon thereafter, stymied by a lack of Senate support, we took our argument to the public. CVA ran an extensive public awareness campaign, which included television ads in New Hampshire and other states, in an effort to encourage Shaheen and other fence-sitters to co-sponsor the bill.
Suddenly, the senator was open to reform. The minute our TV ads appeared on New Hampshire airwaves, and her indifference to VA accountability was exposed in the light of day, Shaheen's staff called us in a panic. Less than 24 hours later she was a co-sponsor of the bill. In good faith, and with our mission accomplished, we immediately pulled down the TV ads in New Hampshire.
Contrast Shaheen's response to that of her Democratic colleague Sen. Bill Nelson, who represents the veteran-heavy state of Florida. Nelson was the first Democrat to co-sponsor the VA reform bill, giving the legislation a much-needed bipartisan boost when it mattered. Shaheen's New Hampshire counterpart, Kelly Ayotte, was also an early supporter of the bill.
Shaheen missed her opportunity to take action on the issue, only to begrudgingly offer support after my group ran ads urging her to sign on as a co-sponsor. That's why it's frustrating that she now suggests in her campaign ads that she was a leader on the overall reform effort, practically taking credit for the final bill's passage. It's not true. She was reluctantly dragged to the right position. But once a critical mass had formed, Shaheen was happy to step to the front of the podium and claim credit for success.
The reality is that veterans are paying attention to who was there when we needed them most — as well as who did nothing when it counted but now wants to take credit, as Shaheen did on the VA reform bill. New Hampshire voters should keep this in mind as they weigh the claims by candidates on the campaign trail.
Pete Hegseth is the CEO of Concerned Veterans for America and a Fox News contributor. Hegseth is an infantry officer in the Army National Guard, and has served tours in Afghanistan, Iraq and Guantanamo Bay.


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England manager Roy Hodgson believes Champions League football means Saints are virtually powerless to stop their top players leaving.
Talking after Rickie Lambert's shock move to Liverpool, who are also closing in on a deal for Adam Lallana, Hodgson said: "Good players are always going to gravitate to the big clubs.
"That's where Champions League football is. That's where the wealth is."
He added: It's a pity for Southampton – they've been terrific this year. But unfortunately there are always big fish in the sea and it's hard to keep those fish away."


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The Middletown High School football team moved one step closer to an undefeated season Friday with a 72-18 thrashing of DelCastle Technical High School.
The Middletown High School football team moved one step closer to an undefeated season Friday with a 72-18 thrashing of DelCastle Technical High School.
Senior running back Jamar Baynard led the offensive onslaught with four touchdowns, including an 86-yard kick return.
"The holes were wide open, the blocking was great and I just rolled with it," he said after the Cavs' homecoming win.
Junior split end Chris Godwin added two touchdowns on the ground, including an 84-year kick return.
Junior quarterback Darius Wade threw two strikes to senior split end Thomas Davis and ran one in himself.
Junior Kahlil Williams also ran in a touchdown, senior offensive guard Jacob Smulski added a safety, while senior defensive back Richard Arnold kept the Cougars on their heels with three interceptions.
"We got into a feeding frenzy there and took advantage of some of the mistake they made," Cavs' head coach Mark DelPercio said. "I couldn't be happier. The guys stepped up on offense, defense and special teams – really, across the board."
The undefeated Cavs led the winless Cougars 14-0 in the first quarter, after Arnold's first interception set up a 16-yard touchdown run by Godwin and a 63-yard pass from Wade to Baynard led to the senior's first touchdown run.
Middletown scored another 44 points in second quarter, including Smulski's tackle of Delcastle running back Lacey Evans in the end zone.
Delcastle scored a touchdown in each of the last the quarters, but had an extra point attempt blocked and failed to score on a pair of two-point conversions.
Middletown added touchdowns in the third and fourth quarters to seal the defending Division I champ's sixth win of the 2012-2013 season.
"It was definitely a great night – a great team win," Godwin said afterward. "So far, we're having a pretty successful season, but we're going to continue to take it one game at a time and look to improve every week."
The Cavaliers will next take their undefeated season on the road to face cross-town rivals Appoquinimink High School (3-3) on Oct. 19.
The Jaguars are coming off a 28-7 win over Glasgow High School (3-3) on Friday.
"Obviously, them being a cross town [rival], we want to focus on … improving and making sure we're playing our best football," DelPercio said. "They have a very good football team, they're coached well and I know they're going to play their A game against us."


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I'll host a Mets Chat Room tonight at 7. The last two turnouts have been great and I'm hoping for the same. There's a better than even chance I'll open the Room early because of the Rays-Red Sox.
For those of you who are off today, Happy Holiday.
Talk with you later.


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I have been breastfeeding my DS since day 1. He hardly gets a bottle. We now nurse about 3-5 times a day. Recently however, he has been waking about 5+ times a night to nurse! He is not going through a wonder week that I know of. I wanted to do the Dr Jay Gordon method, http://drjaygordon.com/attachment/sleeppattern.html, except that he doesn't recommend doing the sleep method in a separate room. We can't room share and he absolutely refuses to bed share. So our only option is having his crib in another room. We literally have no room in our room to do so.
Any suggestions? He is so used to waking and nursing, but I would really like to get a full night's sleep. My first son slept all night, literally all night. I am so tired. Thanks so much for any help!


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Let's get the weekend kicked off with some good times with Random House! Thanks to Sue (thank you!!), I have some excepts and giveaways for you! Kicking off the action is the flirty and fun Love Game by Elise Sax. Check back tomorrow for another excerpt and a chance to win an awesome book!
About the book:
Perfect for fans of Janet Evanovich, Jennifer Crusie, and Katie MacAlister, Elise Sax's wickedly funny Matchmaker series proves that the road to love comes with a few dead ends.
Five months have passed since Gladie Burger came to Cannes, California, to join her eccentric Grandma Zelda in the family matchmaking business, and Gladie is quickly mastering the rules of attraction. Her latest fix-up is still going strong and Gladie's bank account is back in the black—until a rival matchmaker arrives in town and has both Gladie and Zelda seeing red.
Not only is self-proclaimed psychic Luanda Laughing-Eagle stealing Grandma Zelda's clients, but Zelda is convinced that Luanda's ESP is total BS. She tasks Gladie with exposing Luanda as a fraud, but Gladie's attention is diverted when murder comes a-calling. Spencer Bolton, the gorgeous chief of police and Gladie's on-again, off-again flame, wants her to stay out of the investigation—and away from the deliciously chiseled detective who also aims to win Gladie's heart. But the one thing Gladie's learned is that in business, love and murder . . . it's always personal.
Praise for Elise Sax
"Elise Sax will win your heart."—Jill Shalvis
"Elise Sax will make you laugh. Her larger-than-life characters jump off the page and make crazy seem like a fun place to hang out."—Christie Craig, New York Times bestselling author of Texas Hold 'Em
"In the tradition of Janet Evanovich's Stephanie Plum series . . . a funny, sexy ride."—Valerie Frankel, author of Four of a Kind
Elise Sax worked as a journalist for fifteen years, mostly in Paris. She took a detour from journalism and became a private investigator before writing her first novel, An Affair to Dismember. Sax is also the author of Matchpoint and Love Game. She lives in Southern California with her two sons.
Love Game by Elise Sax (Preview) by Romance At Random
If you enjoyed the excerpt, you can order Love Game here:
Enter for a chance to win a digital copy!


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Contact: Jerry Horn, 540-785-4733
New York City- Dr. Harvey Brookman, currently licensed to perform abortions in Pennsylvania, has been charged by the state with practicing without malpractice insurance, giving expired drugs to patients, allowing unlicensed staff to administer drugs, failing to check his patients' age and identity, and performing abortions without a licensed registered nurse present.
Fr. Frank Pavone, National Director of Priests for Life, commented, "Unfortunately, this is the norm rather than the exception when it comes to abortion clinics nationwide. We know this from our work with former abortionists and their victims. It's time the American people realize that legal abortion does not mean safe abortion."
For more information about Priests for Life, please visit www.priestsforlife.org


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The Point Loma school cluster includes Point Loma High School, Correia and Dana middle schools, as well as Silver Gate, Cabrillo, Dewey, Loma Portal, Sunset View and Ocean Beach elementary schools.
Principals at Point Loma High and Ocean Beach Elementary said they're delighted students have returned, noting they have much to look forward to in the new school year.
Hans Becker, the new principal at Point Loma High who served for five years as vice principal, talked about his educational philosophy.
"I told staff what we focus on becomes our reality, that the things we value, what's important to us, is what expands and grows us," Becker said.
Becker discussed how his school intends to put that theory into practice.
"As educators, we look at what we do and what's working, and we try to amplify that, replicate that and make it systemic," Becker said.
Becker said the 89-year-old high school continues to be on the progressive front.
"We aren't afraid to innovate," Becker said. "We have a 'Whatever it takes attitude' toward students from teachers to administrators, right down to the lunch lady. We do whatever it takes for a child to be successful."
What's new this year is that the high school's motion-picture industries facility is now completely finished.
"We have a program designed for kids on how to study, create and analyze film," Becker said. "There's nothing like it to this scale on the West Coast."
Looking ahead, Becker said he's excited to be a new principal "serving the students, supporting the staff and working with the community."
Another new principal this year, Marco Drapeau, has taken the reins at the 104-year-old Ocean Beach Elementary School at 4741 Santa Monica Ave. He said he's building on a strong arts and science foundation at the neighborhood school, which is closer to the ocean than any other San Diego Unified School District site.
"We have a very strong arts program with visiting artists coming in to help kids learn about dance and visual and performing arts," said Drapeau. "Our school also takes fourth-graders on a sea camp, where they learn a little about ocean biology. They actually get in the water."
The school's artistic bent is also reflected in many colorful murals, tiles and other artwork.
Drapeau said Ocean Beach Elementary has a reputation for strong community support of the school.
"A lot of families that could live anywhere choose to live and be involved in OB, so they go out of their way to support us," said Drapeau. "Our PTA is very strong and very involved in working with us to provide the best they can for the students."
From an infrastructure standpoint, Drapeau said the school has a Promethean high-tech board, as well as a state-of-the-art computer lab.
Drapeau said the school's population is on the rise and it's anticipated there will be close to 480 students this year in grades transitional K through fourth.
Drapeau also credited his staff for going "above and beyond" in doing their jobs. He said many instructors at the campus have been there many years and that many of their own children go to the school — a clear sign, he said, that they "feel confident about the school."
The principal credited the school's staff for finding ways to "service those students who have different types of emotional needs."
Scott Barnett, SDUSD board member for Subdistrict C that covers the beach areas, said there are still some negatives with the district's financial picture heading into the new year.
"The budget shortfall is close to
$90 million and we're going to have to sell about $60 million of real estate for one-time revenues just to balance the budget this year. The following year, it could be $50 million or more," Barnett said. "It's not inconceivable we'll have to go with the [teacher] pink-slip scenario again in six months.
But Barnett said there are some encouraging developments with the state economy turning around and the governor and legislature committing more money toward schools. Barnett said there are encouraging signs, too, that the district is fulfilling its educational mission.
"I'm confident we're going to have a much more accountable system in both the academic and business side of this district," he said. "I've seen more change in the attitude and culture in just the 45 days since Ms. [Cindy] Marten has been superintendent than I have in years."
Barnett said the watchword this year for the Point Loma cluster, as with most others districtwide, is change.
"In Point Loma, we have two new principals at Dana and Correia middle schools, and a new principal for Point Loma High School," he said. "We have a $10 million sports complex the voters approved at Correia Middle School. There's a lot of exciting things coming forward in infrastructure, technology and athletics, as well as deferred maintenance, which has been ignored for so long."
Barnett stressed the importance of harnessing technology and using it as an educational tool.
"As many as 80 percent of the kids in this district have some kind of device: iPhones, laptops, iPads, etc., that they bring to school and we need to be flexible and integrate those devices with our school technology," Barnett said. "We want to make it possible for every student to bring something home with them because learning doesn't stop when the school day ends."
Coastal schools, including Point Loma's, are part of the second-largest school district which serves more than 132,000 students in 223 educational facilities. The district includes 116 elementary schools, 24 middle schools, 26 high schools, 44 charter schools and 14 atypical/alternative schools. SDUSD is also one of the most diverse, representing more than 15 ethnic groups and more than 60 languages and dialects.


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Originally published on December 6, 2013 10:08 am
A hacker is somebody who doesn't ask how something works — they just see what works. — Jay Silver
Science and technology now allow us to "hack" solutions to the biggest challenges of our time. But how far is too far? And what are the consequences of these hacks? In this hour, we hear stories from TED speakers who dare to hack the brain, the climate, and even the animal kingdom in hopes of creating a better world.
Copyright 2013 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.


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The Samsung ATIV S is on its way to Canadian carrier TELUS, according to the carrier's website. The Windows Phone 8 handset from Samsung has got its own product page, which officially confirms the network stocking said device in the coming weeks once it's available for consumers.
Samsung recently showed off the ATIV S, along with the rest of the family of products, in a marketing video. The Windows Phone 8 sports a sizeable 4.8" display, dual-core CPU, 16GB (with MicroSD slot), 2300mAh battery, NFC, 8MP rear shooter (with FFC), and runs the latest version of Windows Phone.
Rogers, another Canadian carrier, is also looking to stock the Samsung ATIV S which opens up choice for consumers with both major carriers in the country sporting Samsung's flagship Windows Phone.
Source: TELUS; thanks, Shane, for the tip!