text:
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
US Department of Health and Human Serviceshttp://www.healthfinder.gov
Herb Research Foundation (HRF)
A nonprofit research and educational organization focusing on herbs and medicinal plants
The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) http://nccam.nih.gov/
The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) is of the divisions and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NCCAM is dedicated to exploring complementary and alternative healing practices in the context of rigorous science, training complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) researchers, and disseminating authoritative information to the public and professionals. NCCAM's site includes publications, information for researchers, FAQ, and links to other Complementary and Alternative Medicine resources.
Unconventional Therapies: BC Cancer Agency
Provides objective information for patients and their families, relating to alternative and complementary therapies. Most of the information consists of direct quotations from the medical, peer-reviewed book and journal literature
Consumer Health Web Sites
Librarians' Index to the Internet: Health http://lii.org/search/file/health
Select from various health and medicine topics and select from annotated links
Provides access to 700 health topics, medical encyclopedias and dictionaries, and links to self-help groups, clinical trials, preformulated PubMed searches, lists of hospitals and physicians health and information in Spanish and other languages
Drug and Pharmacy Information
This resource provides information on drugs, vitamins, herbs, and supplements; and it includes a browse-able list of the most commonly prescribed drugs, product images, and drug comparisons. It allows users to check for possible drug interactions as well.
Johns Hopkins Antibiotic Guide
Search for antibiotics by diagnosis, pathogen, type of antibiotic, or keyword. Registration (free) is required. This site is geared more towards practitioners than lay people.
Search by either brand name or generic name. The advance search feature allows you to search by the code imprinted on the medication or by NDC Code.
From the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists comes this database based on ASHP's Medication Teaching Manual: The Guide to Patient Drug Information. Searchable by brand name or generic name, information is presented in a user-friendly format.
Doctor and Hospital Information
American Board of Medical Specialties
Organization of twenty-four approved medical specialty boards that allows you to search for certified specialists. You can search by name, specialty, and location. Registration (free) is required. Includes links to all member boards as well.
WebMD Physician Directory
Search for a physician by name or medical specialty, and distance from your home. You may refine your search to a specific HMO plan or hospital affiliation. NOTE: The Physician Directory does not verify the credentials or qualifications of the physicians listed. It is only a tool to locate quick information about physicians.
Santiago Canyon College is part of the Rancho Santiago Community College District and is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges.
Discrimination and Harassment Complaints and Investigations


text:
NHIAA Football Roundup: Gaudet scores four, Tide rolls
October 04. 2013 11:33PM
NHIAA Football Scores, ScheduleFRIDAY NIGHT
Division I
Bishop Guertin 21, Alvirne 14
Concord 43, Londonderry 7
Pinkerton 61, Man. Memorial 21
Man. Central 56, Merrimack 35
Nashua South 28, Exeter 6
Spaulding 42, Winnacunnet 29
Keene 29, Timberlane 7
Salem 50, Manchester West 6
Division II
Trinity 36, Kearsarge 6
Kennett 30, Hanover 8
Portsmouth 41, Kingswood 7
Monadnock 66, Laconia 37
Merr. Valley 21, Pembroke 6
Souhegan 35, John Stark 0
Division III
Pelham 42, Winnisquam 0
Newport 42, Raymond 20
Somersworth 39, Epp-Newm 7
Division I
Goffstown at Bedford, 2
Dover at Nashua North, 7
Division II
Plymouth at Lebanon, 2:30
Milford at Windham, 2:30
ConVal at Sanborn, 3
St. Thomas at Hollis/Brookline, 7
Division III
Farmington-Nute at Gilford, 1:30
Campbell at Franklin, 3
Stevens at Mascoma Valley, 3
I-L-M'ltonboro at Fall Mtn, 6:30
*all times p.m.
Marc Gaudet scored four touchdowns to lead the way for host Concord in a 43-7 rout of Londonderry Friday night.
The Crimson Tide improved to 5-0 while the Lancers fell to 2-3. Concord quarterback Robert Law was 8-for-8 passing for 113 yards. Walter Ndi added two rushing scores for the Tide. Dennis Bishop scored the lone Lancers TD.
Division I
Spaulding 42, Winnacunnet 29: At Rochester, Trey Scott had 17 carries for 204 yards and three touchdowns to lead Spaulding (3-2) to a win. Tyler Snow added 15 carries for 145 yards and two touchdowns.
Winnacunnet of Hampton fell to 3-2, scoring 14 of its points in the final two minutes.
Keene 29, Timberlane 7: At Plaistow, Keene's Alex Parenteau threw a 28-yard touchdown pass and ran for another. Tom Galanes chipped in with a touchdown for the Blackbirds (3-2). Timberlane fell to 1-4.
Pinkerton 61, Manchester Memorial 21: At Manchester, Astros back Manny Latimore rushed for 225 yards and five touchdowns to lead the way.
Division II
Souhegan 35, John Stark 0: At Amherst, Souhegan got its first win of the season as Drew Prescott rushed for 249 yards and four touchdowns. Souhegan is 1-4 while Stark fell to 1-4 as well.
Portsmouth 41, Kingswood 7: At Wolfeboro, Jack Young scored a rushing touchdown and added an interception return for a score and quarterback Donovan Phanor scored on 51-yard run to lead the way for the Clippers (4-1). Kingswood fell to 1-4.
Trinity 36, Kearsarge 6: At Sutton, Saikou Bah had eight carries for 161 yards and two touchdowns to lead Trinity and Brad Rhoades (seven carries, 71 yards, touchdown and interception return touchdown) and Austin Chambers (54 yards and a TD on three carries) chipped in for the Pioneers. Trinity improved to 4-1. Kearsarge fell to 2-3.
Merrimack Valley 21, Pembroke 6: At Pembroke, Merrimack Valley improved to 4-1 for the first time in program history. Tucker Burt scored a rushing touchdown and quarterback Ivan Niyamugabo had a rushing TD and connected with Caleb Tipton for a 25-yard scoring pass.
Division III
Somersworth 39, Epping-Newmarket 7: At Somersworth, Elijah Dejoie scored two first half touchdowns and Somersworth (3-2) never looked back. Epping-Newmarket fell to 2-2.

subset: commoncrawl


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The No. 19 University of Redlands baseball team rebounded from its loss against Rutgers University-Newark (NJ) from earlier in the afternoon, defeating Claremont-Mudd-Scripps Colleges, 11-4, in non-conference action at The Yard on Sunday.
With the win, Head Coach Scott Laverty earned his 200th victory at the helm of the Bulldog baseball program and became just the third coach in the team's history to accomplish that feat. Laverty won his first game on Feb. 11, 2000 by a 13-1 score against Whittier College. Jeff Tape '00 earned the winning decision on the mound in Laverty's first triumph as head coach.
Both teams scored early as Claremont-Mudd-Scripps posted one run on no hits and two errors in the first while Redlands responded with an RBI single by senior infielder Tony Stutevoss (Portland, OR) in the bottom of the inning.
Redlands took a 2-1 lead due to sloppy play by the Stag infield. Stutevoss singled through the right side to start out the inning, but he ended up advancing to second on an error by the pitcher on a failed pickoff attempt and went home on an erroneous throw by the first baseman.
Claremont-Mudd-Scripps equaled the score in the sixth, but the Bulldogs emerged victorious in the end due in large part to a productive offense in the bottom in the inning.
Senior utility player Will Wetmore (Santa Cruz, CA) doubled to right field with one out, and senior catcher Brett Sandford (Santa Barbara, CA) walked, giving the Bulldogs two men on board. Senior pitcher/infielder Evan Dunn (Portland, OR) grounded out and advanced the two runners, giving Redlands what looked like a dreary situation with two outs. The scoring started when junior shortstop Zack Braband (Alameda, CA) plated Sandford and Dunn with a double to right center, and Braband advanced to third on a passed ball in the ensuing at bat. Senior outfielder/catcher Kyle Rizzo (Redlands, CA) brought in Braband with a single through the right side and then stole second while Stutevoss was at bat. Stutevoss singled to third, which moved Rizzo over, and he lucked out with a botched catch in a steal attempt. Junior catcher Jefre Johnson (Canby, OR) cleared the bases with a single to centerfield, and senior outfielder Cory Vane (Simi Valley, CA) continued the offensive outburst with a single to third. Finally, senior outfielder Matt Goldstein (Lincoln, CA) closed out the fireworks with an RBI triple that scored Johnson and Vane.
The Stags scored once more in the top of the seventh, but the Bulldogs one-upped their opponent with two runs in the bottom of the inning. Dunn reached on an error by the Claremont-Mudd-Scripps shortstop and eventually stole second and third before scoring on a passed ball. Rizzo, who walked after Dunn stole second, came home via Stutevoss in the following at bat.
Rizzo scored an impressive three runs on one hit and two walks and notched one RBI. Batting a solid 4-for-5, Stutevoss fortified the offense with two runs and two RBI. Vane stretched his hitting streak to 12 consecutive games with a 2-for-5 showing while Braband also recorded a multi-hit game.
Junior pitcher/infielder Michael Lessig (Fountain Hills, AZ) pitched solidly for seven full innings, allowing just one earned run while striking out seven. Senior pitcher Kevin Bissell (Orange, CA) and sophomore pitcher Derek Johnson (Canby, OR) held the lead in relief, combining for one strikeout and one surrendered earned run. The Stags' Kyle Shipley shouldered the loss.
Redlands (15-6) continues on with Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SCIAC) play on Friday when it hosts red-hot Pomona-Pitzer Colleges at 3 p.m.


text: Don't sell yourself short. Your baby loves you. It's just that in her mind, you are both her beloved mommy and her source of life. She doesn't want to settle for just being held by you, when she knows how much more you have to offer than any other human being on the planet!


text:
By: Nicole Sorce
"With everybody, regardless of their age, it's always a shock to hear someone say they have cancer," said Grady Whittenburg, Voice of the Binghamton Senators, "and this was no exception."
It all started when Terrance Buczkowski, Vice President of Marketing and Business Development at the Binghamton Senators, was trying to convince his 82 year-old mother to go get a checkup as she began to encounter some medical issues.
"And she said, 'Terrance, when was the last time you went to the doctor and got checked up?' And it had been 12 or 15 years," Buczkowski recalled. "So I said, 'Fine, I'll go if you go.'"
So he went to his physician for a general checkup, who told him that everything looked good, except that his prostate-specific antigen level, or PSA, was high. According to cancer.gov, the PSA test measures the blood level of a protein that the prostate gland produces. The higher the number, the more likely it is that a man has prostate cancer. However, cancer isn't the only cause of an elevated PSA reading.
"He said that there are lots of reasons that can happen," Buczkowski said, "so he asked me to come back in three months."
When he went back to his general practitioner in April, Buczkowski's PSA reading was still high. He was then sent to a urologist who found more of the same. On July 3, a biopsy revealed that Buczkowski had progressive prostate cancer.
"A lot of people ask, 'Did you ever say, "why me?"' But I didn't," Buczkowski said. "I remember one morning in the shower and the thought came into my mind, and I said, 'No, I'm not going to even think that way.' So I didn't think that way, but one thing I did do from day one was shared everything with everyone."
Buczkowski's coworker Kate Krenzer, Director of Media Relations, doesn't remember much from the day she received the news of his diagnosis other than feelings of shock and worry.
"I remember crying and hugging him," Krenzer recalled. "He had a good attitude and said that he would beat it."
With a Gleason score of 7/10 (an evaluation of a man's prostate cancer diagnosis), doctors advised Buczkowski to explore his options and figure out which road to recovery he wanted to take.
"There are lots of different things you can do - you can have surgery… you can have it removed…. you can wait and see…" Buczkowski explained. "After a long, very very detailed check-in and everything, I decided to go out of town, and I went to Rochester to have surgery on September 11."
Buczkowski underwent Da Vinci surgery to remove the cancerous tumors from his prostate at Strong Memorial Hospital with Dr. Jean Joseph, the pioneer of the Da Vinci system, in Rochester, N.Y.
"Fantastic experience up there," Buczkowski stated. "I went in on a Monday morning, had surgery that afternoon, and was released from the hospital at about noon the next day."
Buczkowski's recovery lasted about six weeks, but 10 days after his surgery, he received some good news.
"They told me that the pathology reports came back and that all the margins were negative, which means all the cancer was contained within the prostate. Also, all the nerve endings and lymph nodes that they took all came back negative," Buczkowski said. "In a nutshell, I'm the closest thing to being cured 100% as I possibly could be."
Now, Buczkowski just has to return to his doctor every three months for a PSA test until September 2013, every six months through 2014, and then once a year after that. Something the PSA tests won't be able to determine is how valuable of a learning experience having prostate cancer has shown to be.
"I sure did learn a hell of a lot about myself, and I proved who I was to myself," Buczkowski said. "I knew who I was inside, and it absolutely came out. The learning experience has been phenomenal, to learn about the disease in general and to learn about myself and my family."
"It's inspiring to see where this journey started and the action he took to beat the cancer," Whittenburg said. "His choice in a fairly new procedure for treating prostate cancer, along with his strong faith in God, has put him back in control of his health."
Buczkowski's experience has also spurred a new mission in his life, especially as the B-Sens participate in this month's Movember movement to raise awareness about men's health issues.
"I want to make certain that there's not a day that goes by that I don't talk about prostate cancer to someone," Buczkowski said. "I've got a vested interest in it, and it's become my story."
Thanks to Buczkowski's desire to help those facing situations that may or may not be cancer, he has received confirmation that his words have inspired other men to be proactive when it comes to their health and condition of their prostates.
"There have been countless guys that say, 'Now I know what my PSA is,' or 'I've gone for the test,' and they've told me they only went because of what I did or what I said," Buczkowski said.
"There's a lot of help and a lot of information that was shared with me along the way, and I only hope that I can share my story and maybe help someone else and impact their life in a positive way."


text:
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1201 Kitty Hawk Rd. Universal City, Texas 78148 (210) 486-5000


text:
As the wife of a Marine raising children ages 4 and 6, Rachel Booth is used to running around.
She also is familiar with setting records at the Disney Princess Half Marathon.
Booth finished the 13.1-mile race through Epcot and Magic Kingdom in 1 hour, 17 minutes, 38 seconds and edged runner-up Mia Elbon of Nashville, Tenn., by 26 seconds.


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Difference between revisions of "Pope"
(→Benedict XVI: UPDATED section to Pope Francis. NOTE: I'm not a Catholic, should be double checked asap!!)
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#[[Pope John Paul II]] (1978)
#[[Pope John Paul II]] (1978)
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#[[Pope Benedict XVI]] (2007)
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
[[Category:Catholic Church]]
Revision as of 10:54, 7 April 2013
The Pope (from Greek papas, father) is the head of the Roman Catholic Church. His Catholic titles include Bishop of Rome, in which position he is considered by Roman Catholics to be the successor of St. Peter. The Pope is the chief pastor of the whole Church Catholic, the "Vicar of Christ upon earth." [1] Pontifex summus is a title of dignity.
He appoints all the cardinals and bishops, but otherwise has limited control over them. Catholics consider him infallible in certain (rare) proclamations, and cite the Bible in support of that belief:
- Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: because flesh and blood hath not revealed it to thee, but my Father who is in heaven. And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock (Cepha) I will build my Church. Matthew 16:17-19. Be the shepherd of my sheep. John 21:16.
The Pope's ecclesiastical jury is called the Holy See. Since 1059 The Pope has always been chosen by the Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church meeting in secret. When they have not reached a decision they burn the ballots and black smoke emerges; when a pope is chosen the smoke is white.
- 1 Insignia
- 2 Francis
- 3 Controversy
- 4 History
- 4.1 Traditions
- 4.2 Early history to 350
- 4.3 Early Middle Ages: 350-1000
- 4.4 Late Middle Ages: 1000-1500
- 4.5 Reformation and Counter-Reformation: 1500-1700
- 4.6 1700-1815
- 4.7 1815 to 1914
- 4.8 Since 1914
- 5 External links
- 6 Bibliography
- 7 References
- 8 List of Popes
- Tiara
The pope is distinguished by the use of the tiara or triple crown. At what date the custom of crowning the pope was introduced is unknown. It was certainly previous to the forged donation of Constantine, which dates from the commencement of the ninth century, for mention is there made of the pope's coronation. The triple crown is of much later origin. (it remains only a symbol)
No pope has worn an actual triple tiara since Pope Paul VI at the end of the Second Vatican Council in 1965.
- Cross
The pope moreover does not, like ordinary bishops, use the bent pastoral staff, but only the erect cross. This custom was introduced before the reign of Pope Innocent III (1198-1216) (cap. un. X de sacra unctione, I, 15).
- Pallium
He further uses the pallium at all ecclesiastical functions, and not under the same restrictions as do the archbishops on whom he has conferred it. [2]
- Fisherman's Ring
It is a gold ring decorated with a depiction of St. Peter in a boat casting his net.
Today the Pope is Pope Francis, (formerly Jorge Mario Bergoglio, born December 17, 1936, in Buenos Aires, Argentina) who became the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church on March 13, 2013. Pope Francis, elected as 266th Roman Catholic pontiff, is the first Jesuit and the first Latin American pope; First non-European pope in 1300 years. He succeeded Pope Benedict XVI, to whom he was reportedly the runner-up in the papal election of 2005.[3]
The Pope is claimed to be infallible in matters of doctrine (see Dictatus Papae). The concept of Papal Infallibility (1870) is used to proclaim articles of faith, which are essential for adherents to be truly Catholic. These articles are therefore considered to be a Dogmatic definition. Such pronouncements are rare, and the concept does not mean that Catholics are to believe everything that the Pope says is correct. The last issue was asserting the Assumption of Mary.
The First Vatican Council, of 1870, anathematized all who dispute the Pope's primacy of honor and of jurisdiction (it is lawful to discuss the precise nature of that primacy, provided that such discussion does not violate the terms of the Council's Dogmatic Constitution). The Second Vatican Council of 1965 modified many of the dictates of 1870.
Critics of the papacy claim that past Popes who claimed successorship to St. Peter, such as Pope Callixtus III and Pope Alexander VI from the Borgia family, were so corrupt as to be unfit to wield power. An just and loving God, they claim, would not have given those people the powers claimed for them by the Catholic Church. Opponents of these critics reply that even the worst Popes failed to wreck the traditions of the Church.
The history of the papacy is a major factor in European history, especially the Middle Ages.
The Pope has been the head of the Roman Catholic Church for over 1600 years. The Eastern Orthodox churches reject his claims to primacy. Even more vigorously the Protestant Reformation rejected Papal claims to primacy. As secular leaders the Popes controlled Rome and the Papal States in central Italy until 1870, and especially in the 16th century were notable patrons of the arts, turning St. Peter's Church in Rome into an architectural wonder, especially notable for the artwork in its Sistine Chapel.[4]
Since 1929 the Pope controls only the small Vatican city-state (located inside Rome), but has diplomatic relations with most nations. The Pope's power comes from his appointment of all the bishops in the Catholic Church, and from his ability (since 1870) to proclaim a theological doctrine infallibly. The history of the Popes is interwoven with the history of the Catholic Church and the history of Europe. In terms of personalities and morality, the 262 Popes were saints and sinners who ranged very widely indeed.[5]In recent centuries most have been holy men and in recent decades they have been linguists able to speak to Catholics in many languages. In recent centuries most Popes have been scions of Italian nobility; notable exceptions are Pope John Paul II (1978-2005) the first Polish Pope, and Benedict XVI (2005- ) the first German since 1523.
Catholic tradition argues that Christ told Peter to found a church, that he built one in Rome, that all Popes descend from him, and that the bishop of Rome has divine authority to rule over the Church. Protestants say the Biblical texts are silent concerning any grant of universal leadership, let alone an infallible one. It was asserted centuries after Christ. Protestants often insist also that the relationship between Christ and the sinner is interrupted by the imposition of an Earthly intercessor.
Indeed, the history of the Reformation is the history of the rejection of the Papacy, while the history of the Counter-Reformation is the history of a reassertion of its power using moral authority, diplomacy, and orders such as the Jesuits.
Biblical texts
Catholics emphasize that Jesus told Simon Peter:
- thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. And I will give to thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven. And whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth it shall be bound also in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, it shall be loosed also in heaven.[6]
Peter (and Paul) did found a church in Rome in 42 A.D. and served as the bishop for 25 years until 67 A.D. when he was martyred. However, as Duffy points out, "wherever we turn, the solid outlines of the Petrine succession at Rome seem to blur and dissolve."[7] That is, the primacy of the bishop of Rome in the Western Roman Empire was not established for several centuries, and even then was rejected by eastern bishops who guide the Eastern Orthodox Church under the leadership of the Patriarch of Constantinople.
Early history to 350
Early Middle Ages: 350-1000
Late Middle Ages: 1000-1500
The 14th century was the scene of dramatic humiliations that reduced the secular power and religious prestige of the of the papacy. The French king made his man Pope and moved the papal court to Avignon in France, 1309-1377. During the "Babylonian Captivity" of the papacy, seven French popes were seen as mere tools of France. Avignon was not a holy city, like Rome, and the men there were scarcely concerned with holiness; the papal entourage demanded bribes and fees to deal with terns of thousands of petitions that flooded in. As the paperwork and expenses multiplied and the prestige of the Papacy slipped.[8] The return to Rome in 1378 was followed by an even greater catastrophe. A split between French and Italian factions in the Curia resulted in the "Great Schism" of 1378-1417, during which Rome and Avignon each had their own series of popes, who claimed legitimacy and authority over the church. After enormous confusion the decision was made to appeal to a church council. The Council of Constance healed the schism in 1415.
The Council issued the decree Sacrosancta, (April 1415) asserting that in matters touching the faith and the unification and reform of the Church, a general council stood above all other authority, including papal. Another decree Frequens, (October 1417) tried to set controls on the pope and cardinals and proposed that a new council meet within five years and be convened regularly every ten years thereafter. The Church was on the verge of a constritutional revolution that would have shifted power from the pope to the bishops. However the papal forces fought back and by defeating the Council of Basel (1431-1449) regained control.
It took years to rebuild the neglected infrastructure of the city of Rome. The papacy never regained the secular power it had lost, and the loosened religious authority allowed an opening for radical reformers such as John Wycliffe and the Hussites.
Reformation and Counter-Reformation: 1500-1700
Frommel (1986) shows the popes did not provide a coordinated policy for Roman urban development. Rather, they had their own building agendas, driven by an egocentric spontaneity to outdo predecessors and eternalize family glory. Their agendas did reflect papal prominence in the city and created an imperial aura.
The Pope confronted Gallicanism in France, which reduced the Pope's power over the bishops. The Gallican argument was that the pope was supreme in spiritual matters, but that temporal affairs were the province of the government. The main issue was the selection of bishops, who had powerful temporal roles in terms of ownership of lands and churches. "Royal Gallicanism" emphasized the powers of the king. "Ecclesiatical Gallicanism" emphasized the powers of the bishops vis-a-vis the pope.
French Revolution
Much worse was the French Revolution in the 1790s, which disestablished the Church, forced many priests and bishops into exile, and seized vast landholdings.
Religion had been a major issue during the French Revolution, and Napoleon resolved most of the outstanding problems. Thereby he moved the clergy and large numbers of devout Catholics from hostility to the government to support for him. The Catholic system was reestablished by the Concordat of 1801 (signed with Pope Pius VII), so that church life returned to normal; the church lands were not restored, but the Jesuits were allowed back in and the bitter fights between the government and Church ended. Protestants and atheists were tolerated.[9]
1815 to 1914
Pius VII
Pius VII (1800-23) was stripped of powers by Napoleon but made a striking comeback after Napoleon's fall in 1815. Pius VII was a deeply religious Benedictine, and a theologian; he lived simply and avoided nepotism. His unusually able Secretary of State Cardinal Consalvi won the restoration to the Pope of most of the territories in Italy which Napoleon had seized. He reinvigorated numerous monastic orders and helped create new societies for men and women, especially those engaged in teaching and missionary work. Most important was the restoration of the Jesuits in 1814; they had been suppressed in most countries. They grew larger and even more influential in the 19th century.
After 1800 the Papacy became the center of conservatism in Europe in reaction against the liberalism of the French Revolution and its admirers. The Papacy recognized that throughout Europe millions of peasants and poor folk were devoted to the saints and traditions of the Church; the Popes responded energetically by promoting new Marian devotions (such as the rosary). Rome had fallen into disrepair and Pius VII began the restoration of the city's artistic glories, an enterprise that continues into the 21st century. [10] Much like other heads of state, popes can have political leanings, which tend to be conservative, especially on issues of abortion. However, on some issues popes have been known to hold more liberal opinions; for example, Pope John Paul II was against Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Ultramontane vs Gallican
The "ultramontane" tendency in the Church centralized more power and authority in the Papacy. It was opposed by the "Gallican" tendency, especially in France, to give national churches more control over their affairs. The ultramontine forces generally won out, especially with the declaration of papal infallability at the First Vatican Council in 1870. The ultramontane forces cited the old doctrines of Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621) and Francisco de Suárez (1548-1617) to bolster the papal claim to absolute power in spiritual matters.
Gallicanism in France was damaged by the rise of ultramontanism in the 1850s and the devotional revolution that shifted piety to devotions sponsored by Rome. Gallicanism was officially suppressed by the First Vatican Council in 1870, which established the paramount authority of the pope as a matter of dogma. However informal manifestations of Gallicanism continue in some countries, especially China. In Canada, the Irish clergy fought for ultramontanism against the French clergy, who were Gallican. The Irish won out with the support of the Vatican.
After Vatican II, 1962-65, the multiple and often confused controversy over papal authority and infallibility ended quietly.
Facing Modernity
Despite dire predictions, the Church adapted to modernity in its own way and increased its role in people's lives in the 19th century. The Church escaped irrelevance by using the same means as did emerging nation-states; establishing more administrative and doctrinal centralization in Rome; establishing a homogeneous culture, aided especially by universal use of Latin; promoting new rites and folk devotions, especially those focused on Mary and other favored saints; promoting pilgrimages to holy sites; encouraging clergy to endorse and lead regional nationalist movements that focused on historic languages and cultures; creating many new teaching orders and establishing Catholic schools and colleges; supporting intellectuals and publishing houses; enhancing papal power; and cultivating an image of both theologiocal canonical and moral superiority. Of special importance was the missionary activity, based especially in Germany, that was in competition with Protestant missions in China, India, Africa and other non-Christain lands. The Jesuits proved highly adept at promoting the Papal cause. The Pope thereby became less symbolic and more powerful. There was internal dissent among some Catholic intellectuals, such as historian Lord Acton in Britain and theologian Ignaz von Döllinger in Germany, who opposed the declaration of the dogma of papal infallibility.
Facing Liberalism
Burns (1990) takes a sociological perspective on the Papacy's long battle with liberalism. He shows how the papacy, in reaction to the rise of the liberal states of the 19th and 20th centuries, gradually reformulated Catholic ideology within the limited autonomy they possessed and carefully subordinated social and political issues to more purely religious and moral issues as they constructed an ideological opposition to liberalism.
In Germany in the 1840s the ultramontane movement used mass meetings and pilgrimages to combat the growth of liberalism and modernism. However the abnti-clerical liberal press attacked these mass meetings, and in response a large number of Catholic newspapers emerged in Germany starting in the 1840s. To ensure their own survival, these newspapers championed the liberal idea of press freedom. In addition, local clubs were established to mobilize the Catholic working class. These clubs tried to end discrimination against ordinary Catholics by working to establish freedom of religion and freedom of thought and by entering the electoral process. With the unification of Germany in 1870, the new nation faced the problems of consolidation, one of which was secularization. The laws dealing with secularization opened a poltical battle between Bismark and the Protestants and liberals on one side, and the Catholics on the other, called the "Kulturkampf." The Catholics organized their own political parties and protected their interests by voting as a bloc into the 1930s, when the Nazis closed down all other parties.
Syllabus of Errors
The Syllabus of Errors of Pope Pius IX in 1864 rejected the liberal doctrines of the modern world.[11] It denounced pantheism, naturalism, nationalism, indifferentism, socialism, communism, freemasonry, and other modern views. The Pope claimed for the Catholic Church total control over science and culture. The liberals viewed this as a declaration of war by the Church on modern civilization. Its repercussions within France, the U.S., Britain and other countries were resounding, nearly destroying the liberal Catholic movement and furnishing a powerful weapon to the anticlerical faction, or (in the U.S.) to anti-Catholic Protestants. Opponents stressed the Papacy had become intolerant and medieval and largely political in nature.[12]
In many countries the Church faced off against the Freemasons, a secret society that was politically active in numerous countries. The Papacy coordinated a counterattack. For example in Brazil, the religious question in the 1870s centered on the Masonic controversy and the struggle between regalist and ultramontane forces. One method of counterattack was to found Catholic universities. Thus Mgr. Ignace Bourget, second bishop of Montreal, Canada, founded Laval University, as a Catholic reaction to a liberal and secularist outburst in Quebec. Bourget said the university would be the principal instrument for "wresting the elite from the clutches of liberalism."
Camp (1990) traces the treatment of women. In the late 19th century the papacy began to revise its public teachings about the proper role of women in the Church and society. From Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903) to Pope John Paul II (1978-2005), papal social pronouncements reveal an evolution in attitudes toward a woman's proper "place" from the view that women are passive subordinates to men in all spheres of life to the current teaching that lay and clerical women are equal but complementary partners with men in religious, political, economic, and social endeavors. However, the papacy has remained firm in the conviction that ordination to the priesthood is for men only.
Since 1914
Student and youth groups were formed in major countries, with Papal blessing. For example the French Federation of Catholic Students (FFEC) was formed in 1922 to keep college graduates within the orbit of the Church, shield them from hostile ideological and political influences, and deepen their spiritual experience. It was a conservative movement, ultramontane in outlook; and boasted 16,000 members in 1939. During the Vichy years 1940-42 it was politically active at first in support of Vichy before being won over by nationalist ideology at the instigation of spiritual leaders and joining the underground resistance movement.
John XXIII (1958-63) enjoyed uniformly favorable, if sometimes puzzled, treatment from the English-language media. Initially, the focus was on his wit and warm personality. His unexpected calling of Vatican Council II and his major encyclicals - Mater et Magistra and Pacem in Terris - transformed his image into that of a bold innovator. In the end, it was his concern for world peace at the height of the Cold War and his effort to reach beyond Catholics to address all people of good will that won Pope John XXIII universal praise and affection.
Holocaust issues
Coppa (2005) reassesses the attitudes and policies toward Nazi racism of Pope Pius XI (1922-1939). Although Pius XI accepted and practiced religious anti-Judaism, he consistently opposed racial anti-Semitism on theological grounds throughout his papacy. As a result, he resisted the course of accommodation and conciliation favored by others within the Catholic Church, including Eugenio Pacelli (1876-1958), who served as papal secretary of state from 1930 prior to succeeding Pius XI as Pope Pius XII in 1939. Between 1933 and 1939 Pius XI waged a campaign against Nazi and Fascist racism and anti-Semitism that included public speeches and published condemnations denouncing the division of humanity on the basis of race as well as the commission of a "secret" encyclical on the incompatibility of racism and Catholicism that remained unpublished until 1995. His confrontational stance therefore sharply contrasted with the silence of Pope Pius XII during the Holocaust.
External links
- Catholic World News Conservative updates and commentary.
- Papa Ratzinger Forum
- Times Topics Benedict XVI in The New York Times
- Catholic Encyclopedia, "The Pope" (1913) online edition many articles on related topics
- Coppa, Frank J., ed. Encyclopedia of the Vatican and Papacy. Greenwood, 1998. 473 pp.
- Duffy, Eamon. Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes, (3rd ed 2006), 496pp; Yale University Press; heavily illustrated history by leading Catholic scholar
- LaDue, William J. The Chair of Saint Peter: A History of the Papacy. Orbis Books, 1999. 374 pp.
- Levillain, Philippe, ed. The Papacy: An Encyclopedia. Routledge, 2001. 1780 pp.
- New Catholic 'Encyclopedia (1967), numerous articles
- Steimer, Bruno and Parker, Michael G., ed. Dictionary of Popes and the Papacy. Crossroad, 2001. 278 pp.
Specialized studies
- Baumgartner, Frederic J. Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections. Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. 272 pp.
- Brown, Peter. The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity 200-1000 AD (2002), 640pp
- Ralph J. Capio; "The Papacy: A Case Study in Organizational Longevity," Journal of European Studies, Vol. 26, 1996. online edition
- Carlen, Claudia. ed. Papal Pronouncements, a Guide, 1740-1978: Vol. 1: Benedict XIV to Paul VI. and Papal Pronouncements, a Guide, 1740-1978: Vol. 2: Paul VI to John Paul I. Pierian, 1990.
- Chadwick, Owen. The Popes and European Revolution. Oxford U. Press, 1981. 646 pp.
- Daniel-Rops, Henri. The Church in the Eighteenth Century (1964)
- Daniel-Rops, Henri. The Church in an Age of Revolution (1965).
- Frommel, Christoph L. "Papal Policy: The Planning Of Rome During The Renaissance." Journal Of Interdisciplinary History, 1986 17(1): 39-65. Issn: 0022-1953 Fulltext: in Jstor
- Hales, E. E. Y. Revolution and Papacy, 1769-1846, (1960)
- Logan, F. Donald. A History of the Church in the Middle Ages. 2002. online edition
- Mullett, Michael A. The Catholic Reformation, (1999), online edition
- Pastor, Ludwig von. History of the Popes From the Close of the Middle Ages, (1894-1930), 16 vol, older Catholic history online from books.google.com
- Ullmann, Walter. A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages, (2002), 393pp, online edition
- Wright, A. D. The Early Modern Papacy: From the Council of Trent to the French Revolution 1564-1789. Longman, 2000. 335 pp.
Specific Popes
- Catholic Encyclopedia, "The Pope" (1913) online edition many articles on all the Popes and related topics
- Collins, Jeffrey. Papacy and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Rome: Pius VI and the Arts. Cambridge U. Press, 2004. 355 pp.
- Coppa, Frank J., ed. Great Popes through History: An Encyclopedia. Greenwood, 2002. 600 pp.
- Gouwens, Kenneth and Reiss, Sheryl E., ed. The Pontificate of Clement VII: History, Politics, Culture. Ashgate, 2005. 437 pp.
- Kelly, J.N.D. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes (1988). 349pp; scholarly short biographies; online edition
Since 1815
- Burns, Gene. "The Politics of Ideology: The Papal Struggle with Liberalism." American Journal of Sociology, 1990 95(5): 1123-1152. Issn: 0002-9602 fulltext: in Jstor and Ebsco
- Camp, Richard L. "From Passive Subordination To Complementary Partnership: The Papal Conception of a Woman's Place in Church and Society since 1878." Catholic Historical Review, 1990 76(3): 506-525. Issn: 0008-8080 Fulltext: in Ebsco
- Chadwick, Owen. A History of the Popes, 1830-1914. (1998), 616pp; a standard recent history. online edition,
- Coppa, Frank J. The Modern Papacy since 1789. Longman, 1998. 296 pp.
- Coppa, Frank J. "Between Anti-Judaism and Anti-Semitism, Pius XI's Response to the Nazi Persecution of the Jews: Precursor to Pius XII's "Silence"?" Journal of Church and State 2005 47(1): 63-89. Issn: 0021-969x Fulltext: in Ebsco
- Gillis, Chester, ed. The Political Papacy: John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Their Influence. Paradigm, 2006. 208 pp.
- Holland, Joe. Modern Catholic Social Teaching: The Popes Confront the Industrial Age 1740-1958. Paulist Press, 2003. 404 pp.
- Latourette, Kenneth Scott. Christianity in a Revolutionary Age: A History of Christianity in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 5 Vol (1958), a detailed history of Chritianity 1800-1950 by a fair-minded Protestant scholar. vol 1 online edition
- Packard, Jerrold M. Peter's Kingdom: Inside the Papal City. Scribner's, 1985. 352 pp.
- Pollard, John F. Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850-1950. Cambridge U. Press, 2005. 265 pp.
- Rittner, Carol and Roth, John K., ed. Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust. Leicester U. Press, 2002. 291 pp.
- ↑ Until 1870 he also was the secular ruler of an independent country in central Italy, the Papal States. Since 1929 the Pope rules Vatican City, an independent country inside the city of Rome.
- ↑ The Pope Catholic Encyclopedia
- ↑ http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-pope-succession-bergoglio-idUSBRE92C15X20130313
- ↑ Famous patrons of the arts include Sixtus IV (1471-1484), Julius II (1503-1513), and Clement VII (1523-1534)
- ↑ They were all men. The story of Joan who disguised herself as a man and became Pope sometime between 850 and 1050 was exposed as a false myth in 1650, but still circulates. Kelly (1998) 331-32.
- ↑ Gospel of Matthew: Chapter 16, Verse 18; see also 1 Corinthians 3:11, Ephesians 2:20, 1 Peter 2:5–6, and Revelations 21:14.
- ↑ Duffy, p. 2
- ↑ Ullmann (2002) p. 287
- ↑ Donald Sutherland. The French Revolution and Empire: The Quest for a Civic Order (2003) ch 11
- ↑ Kelly (1999); Duffy (2006); Latourette (1958) vol 1.
- ↑ see text at [1]
- ↑ Latourette (1958) vol 1 ch. 6
List of Popes
Following the name of each Pope is the year of their accession.
- Saint Peter (30?)
- Pope Linus (67)
- Pope Anacletus (76)
- Pope Clement I (88)
- Pope Evaristus (97)
- Pope Alexander I (105)
- Pope Sixtus I (115)
- Pope Telesphorus (125)
- Pope Hyginus (136)
- Pope Pius I (140)
- Pope Anicetus (155)
- Pope Soter (166)
- Pope Eleuterus (175)
- Pope Victor I (189)
- Pope Zephyrinus (199)
- Pope Callixtus I (217)
- Pope Urban I (222)
- Pope Pontian (230)
- Pope Anterus (235)
- Pope Fabian (236)
- Pope Cornelius (251)
- Pope Lucius I (253)
- Pope Stephen I (254)
- Pope Sixtus II (257)
- Pope Dionysius (259)
- Pope Felix I (269)
- Pope Eutychian (275)
- Pope Caius (283)
- Pope Marcellinus(296)
- Pope Marcellus I (308)
- Pope Eusebius (309)
- Pope Miltiades (311)
- Pope Sylvester I (314)
- Pope Mark (336)
- Pope Julius I (337)
- Pope Liberius (352)
- Pope Damasus I (366)
- Pope Siricius (384)
- Pope Anastasius I (399)
- Pope Innocent I (401)
- Pope Zosimus (417)
- Pope Boniface I (418)
- Pope Celestine I (422)
- Pope Sixtus III (432)
- Pope Leo I (440)
- Pope Hilarius (461)
- Pope Simplicius (468)
- Pope Felix III (483)
- Pope Gelasius I (492)
- Pope Anastasius II (496)
- Pope Symmachus (498)
- Pope Hormisdas (514)
- Pope John I, Martyr (523)
- Pope Felix IV (526)
- Pope Boniface II (530)
- Pope John II (533)
- Pope Agapetus I (535)
- Pope Silverius, Marytr (536)
- Pope Vigilius (537)
- Pope Pelagius I (556)
- Pope John III (561)
- Pope Benedict I (575)
- Pope Pelagius II (579)
- Pope Gregory I (590)
- Pope Sabinian (604)
- Pope Boniface III (607)
- Pope Boniface IV (608)
- Pope Adeodatus I (615)
- Pope Boniface V (619)
- Pope Honorius I (625)
- Pope Severinus (640)
- Pope John IV (640)
- Pope Theodore I (642)
- Pope Martin I, Marytr (649)
- Pope Eugene I (654)
- Pope Vitalian (657)
- Pope Adeodatus II (672)
- Pope Donus (676)
- Pope Agatho (678)
- Pope Leo II (682)
- Pope Benedict II (684)
- Pope John V (685)
- Pope Conon (686)
- Pope Sergius I (687)
- Pope John VI (701)
- Pope John VII (705)
- Pope Sisinnius (706)
- Pope Constantine (708)
- Pope Gregory II (715)
- Pope Gregory III (731)
- Pope Zachary (741)
- Pope Stephen II (752)
- Pope Paul I (757)
- Pope Stephen III (768)
- Pope Adrian I (772)
- Pope Leo III (795)
- Pope Stephen IV (816)
- Pope Paschal I (817)
- Pope Eugene II (824)
- Pope Valentine (827)
- Pope Gregory IV (827)
- Pope Sergius II (844)
- Pope Leo IV (847)
- Pope Benedict III (855)
- Pope Nicholas I (858)
- Pope Adrian II (867)
- Pope John VIII (872)
- Pope Marinus I (882)
- Pope Adrian III (884)
- Pope Stephen V (885)
- Pope Formosus (891)
- Pope Boniface VI (896)
- Pope Stephen VI (896)
- Pope Romanus (897)
- Pope Theodore II (897)
- Pope John IX (898)
- Pope Benedict IV (900)
- Pope Leo V (903)
- Pope Sergius III (904)
- Pope Anastasius III (911)
- Pope Landus (914)
- Pope John X (914)
- Pope Leo VI (928)
- Pope Stephen VII (928)
- Pope John XI (931)
- Pope Leo VII (936)
- Pope Stephen VIII (939)
- Pope Marinus II (942)
- Pope Agapetus II (946)
- Pope John XII (955)
- Pope Leo VIII (963)
- Pope Benedict V (964)
- Pope John XIII (965)
- Pope Benedict VI (973)
- Pope Benedict VII (974)
- Pope John XIV (983)
- Pope John XV (985)
- Pope Gregory V (996)
- Pope Sylvester II (999)
- Pope John XVII (1003)
- Pope John XVIII (1004)
- Pope Sergius IV (1009)
- Pope Benedict VIII (1012)
- Pope John XIX (1024)
- Pope Benedict IX (1032)
- Pope Sylvester III (1045)
- Pope Benedict IX (1045)
- Pope Gregory VI (1045)
- Pope Clement II (1046)
- Pope Benedict IX (1047)
- Pope Damasus II (1048)
- Pope Leo IX (1049)
- Pope Victor II (1055)
- Pope Stephen IX (1057)
- Pope Nicholas II (1059)
- Pope Alexander II (1061)
- Pope Gregory VII (1073)
- Pope Victor III (1086)
- Pope Urban II (1088)
- Pope Paschal II (1099)
- Pope Gelasius II (1118)
- Pope Callixtus II (1119)
- Pope Honorius II (1124)
- Pope Innocent II (1130)
- Pope Celestine II (1143)
- Pope Lucius II (1144)
- Pope Eugene III (1145)
- Pope Anastasius IV (1153)
- Pope Adrian IV (1154)
- Pope Alexander III (1159)
- Pope Lucius III (1181)
- Pope Urban III (1185)
- Pope Gregory VIII (1187)
- Pope Clement III (1187)
- Pope Celestine III (1191)
- Pope Innocent III (1198)
- Pope Honorius III (1216)
- Pope Gregory IX (1227)
- Pope Celestine IV (1241)
- Pope Innocent IV (1243)
- Pope Alexander IV (1254)
- Pope Urban IV (1261)
- Pope Clement IV (1265)
- Pope Gregory X (1271)
- Pope Innocent V (1276)
- Pope Adrian V (1276)
- Pope John XXI (1276)
- Pope Nicholas III (1277)
- Pope Martin IV (1281)
- Pope Honorius IV (1285)
- Pope Nicholas IV (1288)
- Pope Celestine V (1294)
- Pope Boniface VIII (1294)
- Pope Benedict XI (1303)
- Pope Clement V (1305)
- Pope John XXII (1316)
- Pope Benedict XII (1334)
- Pope Clement VI (1342)
- Pope Innocent VI (1352)
- Pope Urban V (1362)
- Pope Gregory XI (1370)
- Pope Urban VI (1378)
- Pope Boniface IX (1389)
- Pope Innocent VII (1404)
- Pope Gregory XII (1406)
- Pope Martin V (1417)
- Pope Eugene IV (1431)
- Pope Nicholas V (1447)
- Pope Callixtus III (1455)
- Pope Pius II (1458)
- Pope Paul II (1464)
- Pope Sixtus IV (1471)
- Pope Innocent VIII (1484)
- Pope Alexander VI (1492)
- Pope Pius III (1503)
- Pope Julius II (1503)
- Pope Leo X (1513)
- Pope Adrian VI (1522)
- Pope Clement VII (1523)
- Pope Paul III (1534)
- Pope Julius III (1550)
- Pope Marcellus II (1555)
- Pope Paul IV (1555)
- Pope Pius IV (1559)
- Pope Pius V (1566)
- Pope Gregory XIII (1572)
- Pope Sixtus V (1572)
- Pope Urban VII (1585)
- Pope Gregory XIV (1590)
- Pope Innocent IX (1591)
- Pope Clement VIII (1592)
- Pope Leo XI (1602)
- Pope Paul V (1605)
- Pope Gregory XV (1621)
- Pope Urban VIII (1623)
- Pope Innocent X (1644)
- Pope Alexander VII (1655)
- Pope Clement IX (1667)
- Pope Clement X (1670)
- Pope Innocent XI (1676)
- Pope Alexander VIII (1689)
- Pope Innocent XII (1691)
- Pope Clement XI (1700)
- Pope Innocent XIII (1721)
- Pope Benedict XIII (1724)
- Pope Clement XII (1730)
- Pope Benedict XIV (1740)
- Pope Clement XIII (1758)
- Pope Clement XIV (1769)
- Pope Pius VI (1775)
- Pope Pius VII (1800)
- Pope Leo XII (1823)
- Pope Pius VIII (1829)
- Pope Gregory XVI (1831)
- Pope Pius IX (1846)
- Pope Leo XIII (1878)
- Pope Pius X (1903)
- Pope Benedict XV (1914)
- Pope Pius XI (1922)
- Pope Pius XII (1939)
- Pope John XXIII (1958)
- Pope Paul VI (1963)
- Pope John Paul I (1978)
- Pope John Paul II (1978)
- Pope Benedict XVI (2007)
- Pope Francis (2013)


text:
What's new: Custom Channel Cover
Ashish Chawla, Principal Program Manager, 22 Kasım 2016 Salı
One of the top asks on Stream Ideas forum was to have the ability to set custom channel covers and last week we delivered this feature and now you can make the stream channels more personal and have a unique visual identity for your team or group.
There are 2 ways which you can use to assign custom channel covers -
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- JPG, GIF, BMP, or PNG file (you may get a better result by using a PNG file)
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As always, we are all ears for your feedback and comments.


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University of Oxford degrees are conferred at degree ceremonies, held in the Sheldonian Theatre. You may graduate in person or in absence, either straight after you've finished your degree, or many years later.If you choose to graduate in person, you will be presented by your college, hall or society.Undergraduate or Taught Master's students: Research students:
Your college will communicate with you regarding arrival, gowning, catering arrangements and any charges you may be required to pay.Degree ceremony dates
Please note that colleges will present graduands only on certain dates. If you completed your degree a number of years ago and haven't yet graduated, or if you are a candidate for the Oxford MA, please contact your college to confirm which dates will be available to you.
Degree ceremony bookings close 60 days prior to the ceremony date.
Once booked onto a ceremony, you will be unable to change to another ceremony date during the 60 day period before the degree day. If you decide to withdraw from the ceremony during this time, your degree will be conferred at the ceremony in absentia and you will not be able to attend a future date. Your place will be offered to graduands on the waiting list for that ceremony.
If you are, due to exceptional circumstances, required to withdraw from the ceremony within the 60 day period your college may seek permission on your behalf from the Vice-Chancellor and Proctors (via the Degree Conferral Office) to exceptionally be allowed to apply for a place at another ceremony. Exceptional circumstances might include, but are not limited to: students or their guests with serious illness, or other comparable serious and unavoidable difficulties. Exceptional circumstances do not include work commitments, volunteering commitments, holidays, visa issues (where visas applications have been left too late to be processed in time for the ceremony), the unavailability of guests or similar. You will be asked to provide evidence of these circumstances.
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A new Executive Order designed to shorten federal environmental reviews and permitting, if successful, would mean big changes for National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) reviews and federal approvals of major projects.
In August, President Trump signed an Executive Order (EO) that aims to complete environmental review and approvals of major infrastructure projects 1 within two years by instituting changes to those processes and new accountability requirements for lead agencies, their personnel, and other reviewing and permitting agency personnel. While the two-year requirement might seem daunting, agencies have already achieved that time-frame and even shorter ones for major infrastructure projects. Moreover, those reviews didn't "cut corners" and to the extent that they were challenged in court, the agencies prevailed.
How does the measure stack-up against those enacted by predecessors and how can agencies, and environmental practitioners prepare? Read on to learn more.
Since 1970, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) has required federal agencies to weigh the environmental consequences of their actions before making decisions. It can and often does take years to complete NEPA reviews, particularly for major infrastructure projects. Even though the NEPA implementing regulations have page limits for Environmental Impact Statements (EISs), stress that agencies focus on what is important, state that federal agencies should integrate the requirements of NEPA with other planning and environmental review procedures, and contain provisions for time limits, over the years agencies have produced EISs that greatly exceed the page limits and take too long to complete.
While there are various reasons that an EIS process can take too long, the excessively long ones lead to protracted internal reviews and requests from stakeholders to extend comment periods. In the end, a lengthy EIS does not make the process more legally defensible. Moreover, they can overwhelm and bog-down reviewing agencies, the public, elected officials, and ultimately, the judges. In addition, the amount of time involved in agency decisions regarding areas such as wetlands, endangered species, historic properties, and bridges can take too long because of staffing constraints, varying statutory responsibilities, differing missions, and policy differences. The new EO is the latest of many attempts by past administrations and congress to streamline the NEPA review and authorization processes:
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A funeral is a ceremony for commemorating the lives of the recently passed. Funeral customs consist of varying beliefs and practices used by a culture to commemorate the dead, including the construction of monuments, recitation of prayers, and execution of rituals. Customs vary between cultures, religious affiliations, and familial preference. One traditional practice involves giving sympathy flowers to the deceased. Flowers carry several symbolic meanings for each arrangement. Some of these meanings evolved from experience, tradition, and religions unbeknownst to the masses. Nevertheless, these beliefs and customs continue today in reverence to those who have died. Choosing the wrong flower arrangement could turn a well-intentioned sympathy gift into an offensive display; therefore, it is wise for people to know their intentions before sending flowers to a funeral home as an expression of their sentiments. Study the following meanings of these funeral flowers to prevent unwanted responses from the bereaved.
Lilies are commonly associated with funeral services, mainly because their beauty and simplicity makes them suitable for such an occasion. Lilies evoke a feeling of peace and tranquility. Symbolically, these flowers promote the notion that the soul of the person has returned to a state of innocence. Be careful when selecting lilies, as their color and variety significantly changes the meaning behind the arrangement. For instance, white lilies symbolize purity and appear at funerals more often than other varieties. Stargazer lilies symbolize sympathy, which makes them an appropriate option for the loved ones of the recently departed. Oriental lilies symbolize eternal life, making them the perfect option at religious services commemorating the dead.
Gladioli flowers have a tall stem composed of multiple flowers that may grow up to 4 feet tall. The term gladioli derives from the Latin word gladius , which translates to sword. As a result, many people refer to them as the sword lily because of the way they look. The gladioli carry several symbolic meanings, including strength of character, sincerity, and integrity. The gladioli can be given in any range of colors, including white, red, pink, purple, orange, green, salmon, and yellow.
Carnations are a popular choice for sympathy arrangements, especially since they have a long-lasting fragrance. Each color evokes or symbolizes an emotion. For instance, red carnations evoke admiration for a loved one that has passed. Pink carnations stand for remembrance of the deceased. White carnations symbolize untainted love and innocence.
INTRODUCTION: Changes to the reimbursement of respiratory care services over the past 26 years make it imperative that respiratory therapists (RTs) demonstrate cost savings to establish their value. Therefore, this systematic review evaluated the cost-related impacts from utilizing RTs to deliver care when compared to other care providers.
METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to guide the search process. The study addressed articles across all age groups and care settings that compared the cost of care provided by RTs to a comparison group. Studies were excluded if they were not written in English, described care provided outside of the United States, did not provide quantitative data, or lacked a comparison group.
RESULTS: A total of 4,120 articles emerged from the search process, of which 60 qualified for a full text review. Cost savings were evaluated for the 28 articles included in this review, noting the study design, the specific respiratory care practice, use of protocols, clinical setting, and age group. The most frequently studied topic was mechanical ventilation, which along with disease management represented by the most randomized, controlled trials for the study design. The clinical practice area notably absent was home care.
CONCLUSIONS: Although cost comparisons across studies could not be made due to the inconsistent manner in which data were reported, evidence demonstrated that care provided by RTs yielded both direct and indirect cost reductions, which were achieved through protocol utilization, specialized expertise, and autonomous decision making. The care provided was consistent with care provided by other disciplines. It is critical for the respiratory care profession to highlight key clinical practice areas for future research, to establish uniform reporting measures for outcomes, and to foster the development of future respiratory care researchers to affirm the value that respiratory therapists add to patient care.
The authors report that they each have served or are now serving on the AARC Board of Directors; Mr Laher is an AARC Associate Executive Director.
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Featured News - Current News - Archived News - News Categories
M&T Bank will once again be the grand marquee sponsor for the Aquarium of Niagara's annual "Winds, Waves & Wines" celebration of the area's grape harvest. "WWW III" will be held from 6 to 9 p.m. Thursday, Sept. 20, at The Conference & Event Center Niagara Falls.
Participating wineries include Niagara Landing, Arrowhead Spring Vineyards, A Gust of Sun Winery, Black Willow, Chateau Niagara, 21 Brix Winery, Dr. Frank's Winery, Eveningside Vineyards, Heron Hill Winery, Johnson Estate Winery, Merritt Estate Winery, Noble Winery, Standing Stone Wines, Vetter Vineyards and Willow Creek Vineyard.
Caterers/restaurants include Brodo, Niagara County Community College Culinary program, Starbucks Coffee/Niagara Falls, Just Say Cheesecake, Quality Hotels & Suites and The Conference & Event Center Niagara Falls, Sheraton at the Falls, Joe's Crab Shack, Templeton Landing and Niagara Honeymoon Sweets.
Music will be provided by the Rod Nickson Project, sponsored by Turner Construction. DeeJay Pat Proctor of Premier Sound will play music in the courtyard. A silent auction with great prizes also is planned.
Free parking will be available at the Aquarium of Niagara lot, between Third and Whirlpool streets. Shuttle service, provided by the Niagara State Park Trolley, will run from 5:45 to 9:30 p.m. Parking also is available on city streets and in nearby lots.
The popular Aquarium of Niagara fundraiser will once again feature Aaron Mentkowski of WKBW Channel 7 as celebrity host.
Prizes for the silent auction have been donated by Whitenight's Jewelers, Art Effects Glass, Fichte, Endl & Elmer Eye Care, WELCOME magazine and many more. Media sponsors are Greater Niagara Newspapers and Niagara Frontier Publications (The Sentinel, The Tribune, The Dispatch and PennySaver.)
Tickets for "WWW XIII" are $55 each or $100 for a couple. They can be purchased in advance at the Aquarium of Niagara or at the door that night. Members are required to pay for fundraisers.
For more information or to be included as an event sponsor, call 716-285-3575, ext. 204.


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|Redlands and Cal Lutheran
will square off in the conference opener that could decide the
Redlands, CLU athletics photos
There's nothing like the sight of fans wearing their warmest sweatshirts emblazoned with team logos lined up around the edges of a field or piled into a stadium to watch two evenly matched Division III teams go at it for bragging rights, first place in the conference and a playoff berth.
But what about when that game takes place in front of fans still wearing their summer t-shirts?
Week 5 of the D-III season marks the very start of October, and features no fewer than 15 games with major conference title implications. Some, like No. 19 Louisiana College at No. 4 Mary Hardin-Baylor, or Catholic at Hampden-Sydney, are surprisingly among this group.
Others, such as Monmouth at St. Norbert or Linfield at Willamette, we could see coming a mile away.
"In our situation, the way we approach it is to keep it as similar as possible to one of our other conference games," says Cal Lutheran coach Ben McEnroe, whose 20th-ranked team opens a brand new stadium and its SCIAC slate by hosting No. 13 Redlands. "We're from a conference that doesn't traditionally get a second team in the postseason, so we've always approached our conference schedule as the beginning of the playoffs."
How then, if the first day of October also holds the key to your team's postseason fate, does a team avoid looking ahead to this game, or beyond it once it's over?
"We can't afford to have those thoughts," says St. Norbert coach Jim Purtill, pointing out that his team beat Monmouth last season and made the playoffs, yet lost four of its 11 games.
The winner of the St. Norbert-Monmouth game has won the MWC title and taken its lone playoff bid in each of the past eight seasons. Whenever the Green Knights have lost to the Scots, they've finished second, except for in 2008, when Ripon edged them.
Yet, said, Purtill, whose team lost at Beloit and against Illinois College last year, winning this game guarantees nothing except sole possession of first place for a week.
From an outsider's point of view, it seems Saturday is more or less a playoff play-in game. Either the Scots or Green Knights win and go on to win the MWC.
"I would not make that assumption," Purtill said.
Purtill's team opened up with a 20-7 loss to St. Thomas, currently ranked No. 3 overall and facing its own early-season clash, hosting rival St. John's. McEnroe's Cal Lutheran team did something similar, losing 24-14 to No. 6 Linfield, and then beating Pacific Lutheran, which went 8-1 last season.
"We're front-loaded as far as nationally ranked teams, teams that are pretty strong," McEnroe said. "You're crazy if you're in our program and you're looking ahead."
But with the big week here, certainly we can now focus on the matchups. Here's some brief insight on the biggest clashes:
Redlands at Cal Lutheran: The Kingsmen's Eric Rogers averages a whopping 25 yards per reception and the Bulldogs are ranked 189th in the country in passing defense and 149th in passing efficiency defense. On offense, 18 of Redlands quarterback Chad Hurst's 48 completions have gone to Taylor Irwin.
Monmouth at St. Norbert: Scots quarterback Alex Tanney didn't play in last season's game, a 48-2 Green Knights beatdown. But in '09, Monmouth hung 52 on St. Norbert, and Tanney is currently leading the nation's No. 1 offense.
Adrian at No. 17 Trine: This is the first big test in the MIAA, to see if Trine's evolved into an elite program, or if they were built to peak last season. Adrian won three straight on the road in its 4-0 start to the season, while the Thunder play their third straight home game.
No. 6 Linfield at Willamette: In the NWC, this has become the prime clash. The Bearcats are 1-2, but against teams from the WIAC, ASC and NAIA. Linfield has the win against Cal Lutheran, and another over La Verne that wasn't much of a test. The Wildcats are known for their 4-2-5 defense and their passing attack; Willamette is famous for its fly offense. The Bearcats, playing their fourth of five consecutive home games to start the season, rushed for 229 yards per game. Linfield allows 103. (If you're going, check out CatdomeAlumni's game-day primer.)
St. John's at No. 3 St. Thomas: The Johnnies expect to contend every season, but at 2-2 (with the MIAC win over Concordia-Moorhead coming in overtime) already, there's only one way to salvage the season: Beat the rival Tommies. For that to happen, St. John's must clean up a defense allowing 414 yards per game (189th nationally). St. Thomas allows just 280 yards per game (42nd) with a stifling run defense (35 yards per game; second nationally). MIAC rival Bethel, which goes to St. John's in Week 6 and hosts St. Thomas in Week 8, is the nation's No. 1 total defense and No. 2 scoring defense.
No. 19 Louisiana College at No. 4 Mary Hardin-Baylor: Against their two D-III opponents so far, the Wildcats have put up gaudy offensive numbers: 597 yards and 56 points against Millsaps, and 589/52 against Mississippi. But doing the grunt work makes that possible; LC allowed just 61 and 65 rushing yards in those games. UMHB, whose 262 rush yards a game actually seems a little low for the run-based powerhouse, will likely go over 65. But how much success the Cru has in establishing its offense will go a long way toward dictating the tempo of the game. LC, in three consecutive 7-3 seasons, hasn't been able to get over the UMHB hump, but last season it took last-minute defense by UMHB to hang on to a 42-38 win in Pineville, so the 'Cats could be confident it's their time.
Williams at Trinity (Conn.): No playoff implications here of course, but two of the three usual contenders in the NESCAC meet in the second week of action. The Ephs looked more pedestrian than usual in a 24-21 season-opening win at Bowdoin, though they did rush for 219 yards, with four ballcarriers getting between nine and 13 carries. Trinity ran for 185 yards and its 28 points were the most any NESCAC team scored. The winner of this game has gone on to win eight of the past 10 titles. (For more, check out the Bantam blog.)
Others to watch: UW-Platteville at No. 1 UW-Whitewater, No. 2 Mount Union at No. 24 Ohio Northern, No. 14 Alfred at St. John Fisher, Coe at Central, No. 7 Wheaton at Illinois Wesleyan, Catholic at Hampden-Sydney, Endicott at Curry.
Of these teams, keep a close eye on IWU, which boasts the No. 1 scoring defense in the country, allowing nine points and pitching two shutouts in its pre-CCIW schedule. Ryan Tipps, Pat Coleman and I take a closer look at the week that will be in Friday morning's Triple Take.
While it's exciting to be play the all-on-the-line games in Week 11 – in the Eastern states, we associate the iconic images of fall with these clashes – there are some benefits to playing it early.
"When you play good people," says St. Norbert's Purtill, in reference to both the season-opening St. Thomas game and Saturday's Monmouth clash, "the kids rise up. And the kids get excited for it more."
So do the alumni, says Cal Lutheran's McEnroe, who said in about a 15-minute span of watching video with offensive staff midweek, his phone was "blowing up." Turns out it was alumni e-mailing encouragement for the Redlands game back and forth, with McEnroe on the list.
Because it's early in the season, McEnroe finds on those videos a lot for his team to improve on. He thinks the Kingsmen haven't played their best game yet, letting opportunities get away against both Linfield and PLU.
"We've got plenty of things to focus on without focusing on the magnitude of this game," he says.
There's another added benefit. Just as with going first in overtime, a team knows what it has to do the rest of the way.
With a win, it jumps out in front in the conference race, and can't slip up the rest of the season. With a loss, the team must regroup quickly and dedicate itself to winning the rest of the games, waiting for that slip up to get back in the mix.
"It helps us stay focused against some of the teams we traditionally have success against," McEnroe says.
McEnroe points out that Redlands has the edge on CLU in the Rose Bowl tiebreaker, meaning the Bulldogs would have to lose twice for the Kingsmen to overcome a defeat on Saturday.
In the stratified Midwest Conference, points out St. Norbert SID Dan Lukes, hoping for help from another team hasn't often panned out. And that's why Saturday's games are so big.
"We just want to be in control of our own destiny," McEnroe says.
Even if to outsiders it's the biggest game on the schedule, it's still just one game.
"I guess in a sense that's part of it," Purtill says of the big game playing a role in deciding the conference race. "Without trying to overlook anybody we still have to play here, though. There are some tough teams, and it's only Week 5
"Whoever wins Saturday is in first place alone, so that's a good place to be."
Re-ranking the conferences
I'm going to try something new this year, partially because we had to break this column last year into two pieces. But it's also time we accepted something about conference rankings: They're fluid, and probably better grouped in tiers than ranked 1 to 26, with the NESCAC set aside. So let's look at them through this prism:
Championship tier: WIAC, OAC
As much as we point out that the bottom half of the OAC isn't as strong as the top half, or that the WIAC's weak teams can be beaten, here's the remaining truth: These two conferences spit out a good portion of D-III's pro successes and their non-conference results beyond the Stagg Bowl teams bear out the strength. Taking this year alone into account, the OAC nearly had a team lose to Gallaudet of the ECFC. But it didn't lose, and OAC teams went 7-3 with wins against teams from the WIAC, PAC, NCAC, HCAC, USAC, MIAC and ECFC, and losses to top teams in the UAA, NCAC and HCAC. The WIAC didn't have quite the non-conference record (9-6, not counting the non-conference WIAC-on-WIAC games) but it played No. 2 Mount Union, No. 3 St. Thomas, No. 4 Mary Hardin-Baylor, No. 7 Wheaton, No. 17 Trine, plus St. John's, Franklin, Willamette and Central. The bottom line is this: Lop Mount Union and UW-Whitewater off the top of these conferences, and you have roughly the CCIW or Empire 8: a conference that could still send its champion a round or three into the playoffs.
Once-in-a-while tier: MIAC, NWC, ASC
These consistently good conferences are dragged down by the lack of success at the bottom end, but often have multiple playoff-worthy teams in a given season, and are capable of sending teams to the semifinals or Stagg Bowl fairly consistently, or at least once in a while. These three conferences also play each other and the WIAC when possible, risking defeat for the chance to get better by playing better competition. These are also the conferences most likely to produce a champion if one of the purple powers ever falters.
Deep strength tier: CCIW, Empire 8
No conference's teams beat up on their regional opponents like these two. And the E8 remains the only team to send three to the playoffs in a given season, and that was before adding Salisbury. The E8 went 15-0 before losing three games in Week 4, including St. John Fisher's 56-20 shellacking by Hobart (LL). The CCIW is 18-6 in non-conference play, including a 7-1 Week 2 when six of its teams scored 38 or more, and four won by 38 or more. But since playoff participants from these conferences haven't been able to break through to Salem, they get their own tier.
Lower upper half tier: NJAC, IIAC, MAC
Sorry I don't have a better name for this tier, but it's where we draw the line between the strongest conferences and the middle tier. The NJAC and MAC have been grouped with stronger conferences in the past, while the IIAC fits the bill of being able to field multiple top 25 or playoff in a given year. There's often a jumble at the top of these conferences, a tribute to their competitiveness, but it also often results in quick exits from the postseason. This year the MAC is 11-5, including 5-1 against the PAC and 4-1 against the Centennial. The NJAC has three teams ranked between 10 and 18 in the top 25. The IIAC is 8-10 non-conference, and of the eight losses to D-III teams, seven come against conferences ranked in higher tiers (MIAC, WIAC, ASC, CCIW)
Gained respect tier: SCIAC
The conference is here alone, and would be the biggest mover -- not so much from the Kickoff '11 rankings (14th), but from previous seasons, where they were low teens and early 20s. The truth is, after Redlands beat North Central to start this season and Cal Lutheran beat Linfield last season and lost 24-14 this year, the SCIAC's best have proven they can play with the nation's best. But the teams in the conference who've lost early games 52-3, 51-3 and 34-7 hold the SCIAC back from moving higher up the ladder.
Interchangeable tier: ODAC, CC
There's very little distinction between the quality of the teams from these conferences. They're consistently competitive one tier above and beat up on tiers below. And then they beat up on each other, often making for great drama extending into November. Unless you're from the Mid-Atlantic or a frequent reader of Ryan Tipps' columns, the long-term accomplishments of most ODAC and CC teams might seem indistinguishable. This season, though, the ODAC is a whopping 19-6, including 10-3 against the USA South. The CC went 2-8 in non-conference play, putting its membership in this tier in grave danger going forward. Also, this is about where I'd put the NESCAC in a non-exceptional year for that conference.
Middle tier: PAC, LL, SCAC, NCAC, UAA
These are conferences capable of producing a top-end champion, but as a whole struggle to consistently perform in non-conference play. Thomas More has emerged in the PAC as a consistent Top 25 team, and Wabash and Wittenberg still represent the NCAC well. But both of those conferences have more teams that struggle than perform; the NCAC is 6-8 non-conference without the Little Giants' and Tigers' three wins. The PAC is 5-10 when you include the Saints. The LL, SCAC and UAA, on the other hand, used to be conferences that could get close to the top ten, but have had some falloff among its storied winning programs and not enough improvement elsewhere to compensate. Hobart (2-0) has shown signs of being a non-conference threat again, but otherwise the LL is just 4-11 out of league. The UAA is 7-6. The SCAC is 11-7, and with Trinity, Birmingham-Southern and Centre all off to good starts, the SCAC is regaining its national respect just in time for it to splinter next season.
Looking for respect tier: MIAA, HCAC, MWC
Top teams from these conferences (Trine, Franklin, Monmouth, St. Norbert) have been on the verge of raising the reputations of these conferences, through aggressive non-conference scheduling and performing in the playoffs. But they haven't gotten a lot of support. The HCAC is 3-14 non-conference, with six teams each losing two to combine for an 0-12 mark. The MWC is 4-5 with Lake Forest's game against Concordia (Ill.) postponed with the Foresters leading, 28-26. The MIAA is exactly .500, with Adrian's 4-0 matched by Olivet's 0-4, Trine's 3-0 matched by Albion's 0-3, Kalamazoo's 3-1 reflected in Alma's 1-1, and Hope at 2-2.
Still building tier: USAC, NEFC, NATHC, ECFC, UMAC
With young programs, new conferences (including new playoff bids for the ECFC and UMAC this season), it takes time to make the inroads in recruiting and program tradition, and put forth what it takes to compete with the country's best. There have been moments in past seasons, but not enough of them. This year, Gallaudet nearly beat Otterbein and Salve Regina kept it respectable against Montclair State. But playing top-conference teams tough isn't the same as winning.
Without a tier: I marked where I think the NESCAC would slot, though it's too early this season to tell what kind of strength the conference is. Also, if independents were a conference, Wesley and DePauw would seem to be the front-runners, but it's Huntingdon, which beat Hampden-Sydney in Week 4, that has scored the most impressive victory.
Got gripes with the tiers? Feel there was an oversight? Air them on the ATN message board thread preferably (so we can all discuss), or via Twitter or e-mail.
Tweet your question, get an answer
Send specific inquiries during the week to @D3Keith on Twitter, and I'll pick a handful of questions to answer in the column, if not sooner.
Five Ways to Saturday
Follow Around the Nation …
• Throughout the week on Twitter. Follow @D3Keith. It's a sporadic stream of short-form minutiae, most of it D-III related. It's also the best way to directly converse with the column's author.
• On Around the Nation's Post Patterns thread, at the top of the General Football board. That's the next best place to ask a question about a topic raised in the column, or continue a discussion unrelated to this week's ATN.
• Mondays, Pat Coleman and I wrap up the week that was in our podcast. Download from iTunes or listen to it in the Daily Dose's media player.
• When the column publishes on Thursdays.
• In Friday morning's Triple Take, on The Daily Dose.
On Saturdays, The Daily Dose features a running game day thread and live chat, for real-time reactions from across the country.
The press box
• Crowd sourcing: Still looking for your input on the best team names/mascots. I need your insight on how to define "best." Is it most unique? Best character? Or just coolest-sounding name?
Tweet or e-mail your thoughts on what they mean to us and why we care. Here are a few that stand out: Poets, Lord Jeffs, Yeomen and Student Princes. There are Choctaws and Profs and Britons. We've got White Mules, Green Terror and Purple Raiders.
Also looking for fish-out-of-water tales. What's it like being a certain race or religion on a campus and a team full of people completely unlike you? What's it like being the team that thinks one way, playing a whole bunch of other teams who operate differently. Send thoughts or ideas by e-mail or Twitter, and I'll help you flesh them out.
• For the Love of the Game: Send us a picture of you wearing one of the shirts below, and we'll feature it in Around the Nation:
• Tailgaters: ATN is seeking a title sponsor to help defray the costs of travel and buying food for its proposed Stone Station vs. Griz Zone vs. Stiftungsfest challenge. We need solid commitment from the tailgaters, plus anyone else who wants to join. Participants can decide if the money will be winner-take-all or split evenly, in the D-III spirit of community. We'll also need official tasters to be judges.
E-mail your interest to firstname.lastname@example.com and put "tailgate" in the subject line.
• Alumni: Let's put a new twist on the Stagg Bowl weekend alumni football game. If we can't recruit enough ex-players from any school to show up in Salem and play, we can always do fans vs. alumni.
These ideas are only as good as the people who want to participate, so e-mail your thoughts. We'll set up the format, decide flag or touch and draw up the rules once we have the interest. Fields and start time can all be decided later too.
• Readers: Around the Nation encourages your opinions, questions and insights. Readers can best get a response by posting on Around the Nation's running thread on Post Patterns (under general football). Send email to email@example.com or use our feedback form.
• Sports Information Directors: To contact Keith McMillan, use firstname.lastname@example.com, or mail to D3football.com, 12331 Midsummer Lane A102, Woodbridge, Va., 22192.


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It started out as a simple routine traffic stop in Ardmore Friday night, but got much more complicated for a local man who decided not to put on the brakes and instead tried to gain his freedom by fleeing through three counties before finding himself back in Ardmore and behind bars at the Carter County Detention Center.
Sgt. Brice Woolly, Ardmore Police Department Patrol Division, said an officer attempted to stop Wyoming Perry in the 200 block of 11th Avenue SE about 11:30 p.m. The reason for the stop?
"The officer noticed improper equipment on the vehicle he was driving," Woolly said.
At first it appeared Perry was going to comply with the "pull over." But before the officer could reach the car, the 31-year-old man apparently changed his mind.
"The officer was walking up to the car when he sped off," Woolly said.
The ill-fated stop/start maneuver started a pursuit that Woolly said went from Ardmore to Marietta and then east on state Highway 32.
"As it went from Love County into Jefferson County, OHP took up the pursuit," Woolly said, confirming Perry was taken into custody by troopers in Jefferson County.
Four and a half hours after leaving Ardmore in his getaway attempt, Perry was back in town and being booked into the Carter County jail pending a number of charges including eluding/attempting to elude and reckless driving.
And the motive for the attempt to flee? Woolly said motive had not been established, but according to court records there could be a matter of outstanding warrants in Murray County for possession of drugs and possession with intent to distribute.


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Blacklisted has motivated and inspired its members through friendly competition and teamwork for years. Being a member of our community is both challenging and rewarding. The ability to critically think, problem solve, and communicate effectively is expected. We require that all members exhibit our core values of respect, integrity, and perseverance.
Our community understands the significance of server pride. Our willingness to coordinate with other guilds allows for new opportunities to present themselves. Opportunities that will increase player morale and the success of goals set forth.
Division System
Our community supports a rigorous application process, and rightfully so. Through years of experience we know exactly what type of player is right for our community, and we wanted our application process to reflect those high standards. This "screening process" has worked magnificently, but there was one problem we were unable to avoid.
When a qualified applicant is accepted into our community, they commonly request that their friends or family members be allowed to join as well. While many serious guilds would simply turn them away, we felt that doing so was against our core values. This lead us to the following two questions:
1. How do we solve the tug-of-war issue with play style differences?
2. How do we prevent being labeled as a "zerg" with a few good players?
Our leaders instituted a division system as a solution for these problems. Competitive players, who have proven themselves, may earn the rank of Division 1. Casual friends and family will represent the community as Division 2 members. Each division follows a separate structure, but everyone is able to contribute to the overall vision of the community.
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3. Approved applicants will be invited for an interview on TeamSpeak.
4. Those accepted are placed on a recruit status for further evaluation.
5. Recruits who pass their trial-period will be promoted to rank of member.
[Blacklisted] Hardcore PvP (WvW + eSports) Quality Over Quantity
Started by Swimchamp, Aug 09 2012 02:21 AMPvP WvW Guild Guild Wars 2 GW2 Quality Community
2 replies to this topic
Posted 09 August 2012 - 02:21 AM
- 0
Posted 09 August 2012 - 03:28 AM
great guild!
- 0
Posted 09 August 2012 - 08:52 AM
great guild!
Sup Follidus!
btw to everyone reading our thread. I was not a WoW player myself.... which explains why I do not have an established AJ account. However, many of our guild members have a long history of competiting in the high arena ranks with sponsors and such. I am sure some of them will post in this thread, and you will be able to look them up.
I look forward to playing with everyone in GW2!
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Orlando Bloom Rubs Miranda Kerr's Baby Bump!
Miranda Kerr and her husband Orlando Bloom leave Hugo's after having lunch on Saturday (December 11) in West Hollywood, Calif.
Along the way, Orlando, 33, lovingly touched his wife's pregnant tummy as they headed back to their car.
The couple looked very much in love while Miranda, 27, was beaming with that pregnant 'glow'. The couple is expecting their first baby together next month.
10+ pictures inside of Miranda Kerr and Orlando Bloom all smiles after having lunch together…


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About Us
The Office of the Registrar is dedicated to supporting the mission of the University and pledges its resources to help the University achieve its goals and ambitions. Our mission is to support the academic program using the best possible practices available in our profession.
The Office strives to provide quality service to students, alumni, faculty, staff, and other constituents of the University. The Office of the Registrar has the responsibility of maintaining timely and accurate records of the academic progress and accomplishments of students (past, present, future) while maintaining the privacy and security of those records. To this end, the Office attempts to utilize available technology to deliver services and information in an efficient manner. Further, the Office seeks to ensure academic standards and University policy are upheld with consistency and fairness, and interpreted with accuracy, clarity and courtesy.
Regina Cotter
Office Location: Clarke Hall-Registrar's Office
Phone: 757-757-455-3352
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Department/s: Registrar


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