text:
|Version 38 (modified by 9 years ago) (diff),
Notes on the implementation of Supercompilation in GHC
This page is very much a draft and may be incorrect in places. Please fix problems that you spot.
- The Simplifier gets confused by the wrong OccInfo on things. So run occurence analysis at the end of supercompilation. The occurence analyser gets confused by having the wrong Unfoldings for id's though. We currently zap things here and there, but this is not the right way to do it.
- Looking for instances, instead of renamings, has implications with the global store. Do we want to fold append (append xs' ys) zs against append (append xs ys) zs (in rho) or append ys zs (in store).
- Applications are not saturated in Core, there's eta::GHC.Prim.State# GHC.Prim.RealWorld roughly everywhere.
- The whistle blows on several expressions sometimes. We need to sort them. Example:
case GHC.Num.- @ GHC.Types.Int GHC.Num.$fNumInt (GHC.Num.+ @ GHC.Types.Int GHC.Num.$fNumInt i (Main.check l)) (Main.check r) of _ {
GHC.Types.I# y [ALWAYS Once Nothing] -> GHC.Types.I# (GHC.Prim.-# (GHC.Prim.+# x 0) y)
against both of these:
case Main.check r of _ {
GHC.Types.I# y [ALWAYS Once Nothing] -> GHC.Types.I# (GHC.Prim.-# (GHC.Prim.+# x 0) y)
GHC.Num.- @ GHC.Types.Int GHC.Num.$fNumInt (GHC.Num.+ @ GHC.Types.Int GHC.Num.$fNumInt i (Main.check l)) (Main.check r))
The latter is better to generalise against. How do we capture this? Perhaps by sorting on the length of free variables in rho.
Current status
What next? Implement the new algorithm.
- Exposing all unfoldings:
- Flag -fexpose-all-unfoldings (a cousin of -fomit-interface-pragmas) (default is off) to switch on the spit-out-all-unfoldings stuff.
- Validate with flag off; then push.
- Add IO monad; add logging (one line per specialisation start, and completion)
- Write msg, split in the R form. Still with eager substitution
- Figure out arity for each top-level (lambda lifted) function, and only inline when it is saturated. (Write notes in paper, explaining why this might be good.) NB: linearity becomes simpler, because a variable cannot occur under a lambda.
- Refined whistle-blowing test
- Neil's msg idea
- Faster representation for memo table; a finite map driven by the head function
- Using lazy substitutions
- Case-of-case duplication
- Post-pass to identify deepId
- Post-pass to undo redundant specialisation??
- Neil does "evaluation" before specialising, to expose more values to let, and maybe make lets into linear lets. We don't. Yet.
- Use a record for the memo table contents
- State monad and good logging info; Stole SimplMonad.
- Lambda lifting
- Add the "loop-breaker" info to interface files (and read it back in).
- Export unfoldings for recursive functions; does not validate:
- ds060: Overlapping pattern match?
- ds061: Turns pattern-matches non-exhaustive
- dsrun015: Foo.x not in scope
- driver063: Exposes modules that were invisible earlier.
- print010: changes output from Integer to GHC.Integer.GMP.Internals.Integer 0 to GHC.Integer.GMP.Internals.S# 0.
- break026: No show instance
A substitution-based implementation exists, that transforms append, reverse with accumulating parameters, basic arithmetics and similar things. There are still bugs in the implementation, mainly name capture. It takes 8 seconds to transform the double append example, but there's still plenty of room for improvement with respect to performance.
The typed intermediate representation has caused some trouble, but nothing fundamental.
Fixes that should go into the implementation:
- Understand how the inscope-set is handled in SpecConstr, and use that. Stop recreating inscope-sets in substNewExpr (top3 on memory profile).
- Implement Simon's algorithm.
Shortcomings of the prototype:
- Use a state monad
- Uses eager substitution
- Divide by zero
- Homeomorphic embedding for types? Currently all types are regarded as equal (like literals). Decision: leave it this way for now.
- Msg does not respect alpha-equivalence. If we match lambda against lambdas, and the binders differ, we say "different". Decision: deal with alpha-equiv in msg when we have the new alg working.
- Inlining
- Adding constraint info
- case (x>y)of { ....case (x>y) of ... }
- Extending this to specialised functions themselves.
Open questions
- Should R contexts include let-statements? Need to worry about name capture even more then.
- Should matching for renamings be modulo permutation of lets? (Performance vs code size)
- Consider
(\x xs. append x xs). Do we inline append, and create a specialised copy? (Of course, identical to the original definition.)
- Yes. At provided we don't create multiple specialised copies, we are effectively copying library code into the supercompiled program. Then we can discard all libraries (provided we have all unfoldings).
- No: then need to keep the libraries
But it's not clear that we can always inline everything. For example things with
- (Given no cycle in imports) Perhaps the things we can not inline should be put at the top level in the same module, and the old module discarded?
- Can we improve the homeomorphic embedding so that append xs xs is not embedded in append xs ys?
Random thoughts about the prettyprinter:
- Let-statements:
- LclId is not really useful for me.
- The empty list on the line below it is also wasting space.
- The occurence information sometimes pushes the type signature over several lines.
- Case-statements:
- The occurence information pushes case branches over several lines.
- case e of { tp1 tp2 tp3 tp4 -> tp3 } prettyprints over 5 lines.
- Long types: Is the complete "GHC.Types.Char" necessary?
- Names:
- Why is it sometimes $dShow{v a1lm} and sometimes $dShow_a1lm? The latter is easier to grep for.
Diffferences from Supero
An attempted list at differences between Supero and positive supercompilation for call-by-value (abbreviated to pscp below).
1) Call-by-value vs Call-by-n{ame,eed}. I am not completely clear on whether Supero preserves sharing. (Pscp does, otherwise the improvement theory is not usable and the proof doesn't go through. Previous discussions between Neil and Peter concluded that this is not sufficient - more expressions need to be inlined so we do not want to preserve all the sharing for performance reasons; Simon later pointed out that we must preserve sharing).
2) Termination criterion. Both use the homeomorphic embedding, but there are some small differences.
a) Pscp checks against fewer previous expressions compared to Supero. (Pscp only looks at expressions on the form R<g es>, where R are evaluation contexts for call-by-name, and g are top/local level definitions. Let-statements, for example, are not bound in our contexts). This could be beneficial for compilation speed, but I don't have any concrete numbers right now. The drawback is that our approach can not perform Distillation; a more powerful transformation that makes the checks even more expensive. This should not be hard to change in an actual implementation though.
b) Generalisation. Pscp currently uses the msg, and Neil has deducted a better way to split expressions. Switching between them should be a matter of changing a couple of lines of code in an actual implementation.
c) simpleTerminate. This roughly corresponds to a mixture between values and what pscp have labeled as "annoying expressions". Neil was spot on in earlier discussions on what annoying expressions are: something where evaluation is stuck (normally because of a free variable in the next position, for example the application "x es"). Simon has an interesting algorithm formulation that avoids annoying expressions altogether and is probably simpler to implement.
3) Inlining decisions. Neil has a more advanced way of determining when things should be inlined or not. I believe that the solution is some kind of union between the inliner paper, Neil's work and possibly some kind of cost calculus for inlining.
What is not mentioned in either of our works though is that it is a typed intermediate representation in GHC. System Fc has the casts that might get in the way of transformations (so effectively they are some kind of annoying expressions). Rank-n polymorphism is another potential problem, but I am not sure if that will be a problem with System Fc. These are not fundamental problems that will take two months to solve, but I think that implementing a supercompiler for System Fc is more than just two days of intense hacking, even for someone already familiar with GHC internals.
Attachments (1)
supercomp.pdf (143.5 KB) - added by 9 years ago.
Misc notes about the current algorithm
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Last week I brought our attention to the intramural fight on the left between the relatively moderate Clintonistas and the full-froth lefties like Sen. Fauxcahontas (Lizzie Warren). In one sentence, the intolerant left (but I repeat myself) responded to criticisms of their populist tent revivalism with threats and intimidation.
Yesterday David Weigel reported on Slate that there's much more to this story. Weigel explains patiently how the populist-progressive left set about carefully and deliberately to gain media attention for Warren's point of view:
Both of the ideas at the heart of this fight—corporate influence over think tanks, expanding Social Security—had been litigated for years, well before Warren got to the Senate. This time, a small number of progressives just took advantage of the media's bias toward big personalities, and its obsession with presidential politics, to change what the media covered. . .
Weigel goes on to detail how this deliberate strategy was rolled out to aid the attack on the gubernatorial candidacy of Allyson Schwartz in Pennsylvania; the progressive populists are backing John Hanger.
This is going to be fun to watch.


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I'm a slacker. Forgive me. I made these cookies a few weeks ago when my (almost) brand new laptop pooped out on me. (Anyone want to see how many times I can put "almost" in parentheses?) I wanted to drown my sorrows in chewy chocolate chip cookies without all the guilt. Plus I was just about out of all-purpose flour.
I'm generally not one to come up with my own recipes, especially for baked goods. I've only been cooking for about a year and a half so I'm still trying to figure things out in the kitchen. Luckily these turned out perfect. They didn't last 2 days in my house. And like I said, (almost) no guilt. (That's 3!) I didn't even feel bad when I saw the husband sneaking bites to the kid.
(almost) Half Whole Wheat Chocolate Chip Cookies
from: Like Sprinkles on a Cupcake…
1 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
1 cup whole wheat flour
1 teaspoon salt
1 cup butter, room temperature
1/2 cup sugar
1 cup brown sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 eggs
2 cups semi-sweet or milk chocolate chips
Preheat oven to 375.
Sift together flours, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
Cream butter and sugar together. Add vanilla and then eggs, one at a time, beating after each addition. Slowly stir in flour mixture. Fold in chocolate chips.
Drop rounded tablespoons of dough onto ungreased baking sheet. Bake for 9 – 11 minutes, or until golden brown.
Let cool completely on wire rack.
Tags: chocolate, cookie, whole wheat


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Pantherophis guttata
25-65 inches. Tan, yellow brown or reddish brown with a series of large, orange or reddish, black-bordered spots down the back and a smaller series on each side; top of head with reddish bands converging at a point between the eyes; underside white with a black checkerboard pattern; scales slightly keeled on top of back, and in 27 rows.
Red corn snakes frequent pine woods, mixed woodlands, and hardwood forests, and commonly occur in and around barns and other outbuildings where rodents are numerous. They lay from 4-28 eggs.
The Florida Parishes. A few corn snakes have been found in low country between the Mississippi River and Atchafalaya Basin, and they are also present on the salt dome islands around Cote Blanch Bay.


text:
The Walrus Says
The talent-laden presentation – the entertainment highlight of the summer season – will take place on Thursday, Aug. 19, at 7:30 p.m. at the Jamestown recreation center. Admission tickets are $7; $5 for seniors.
Judy Stickney and Mark Male are co-directors. Frank (Hats) Darigan will once again offer his unique talents as the seasoned emcee.
Auditions are Monday and Tuesday, Aug. 16 and 17, at 6:30 p.m. at the recreation center.
Jessica said the time was moved back a half-hour to accommodate families with children who might be interested in trying out. Those auditioning need not be Jamestown residents. Those living in nearby towns, as well as summer residents, are welcome to try out. There is no charge to audition.
The traditional raffle drawing will continue this year, with prizes of $100, $75 and $50 in Jamestown Chamber Bucks. Raffle tickets will be available from chorus members during the next two weeks, as well as in the lobby the night of the show.
Flyers designed by chorus member Ken Greene, a graphic artist from North Kingstown, are appearing around town and are easily recognizable by the bikiniclad babe.
Jessica says she loves working on the talent show.
"I have performed in it solo and in a group, and I find it a very safe place to get up in front of people – everyone has always been very encouraging and supportive. I like that this event brings people of all ages together to have some fun and show what they can do. I look forward to it every year!"
The Men's Chorus of Jamestown is on hiatus this summer, but that doesn't mean their voices won't be heard. The group will gather under the direction of B.J. Whitehouse for a night of song on Sunday, Aug. 15, from 7 to 9 p.m. at the Grange Hall "to get together and sing through a few things." If you're out for a walk, pause by Grange. There'll be some great sounds on West Street that night.
Kudos to islander and Rocky Hill School student Anthea Weixel for being named to the Providence Journal honor roll program for outstanding student-athletes and student-correspondents.
Debra Vierra Murphy, Elizabeth Mancini and Joe Walek say that last week's poser from Peter Pemantell is from the song "Summer Nights" and the movie "Grease," starring Olivia Newton-John and John Travolta.
Skip Kingsley of Wickford says it is from the song "I Remember it Well," sung by Maurice Chevalier to Hermione Gingold in "Gigi."
Joe Walek and Larry Lewis write that John A. Murphy's poser last week is Johnny Cash's "Walk the Line." "A tough one to sing and I oughta know," Larry said.
Eileen McCarney Muldoon and Cindy Horovitz Wilson will conduct a two-session beginner/intermediate photography workshop at the Jamestown Gallery on Tuesday, Aug. 10 and Aug. 24, from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m.
The focus of the first session will be on the fundamentals of digital photography and gaining a fuller familiarization with one's camera. After the instructional period, students will have an opportunity to spend the remainder of the class photographing in the field. The evening will conclude with an assignment for the students to work on during the following two weeks.
The second session will concentrate on reviewing each student's assignment to ensure a better understanding of their cameras and the basics of producing wellcrafted photographs. A press release noted that, "The goal of the workshop is to connect the heart and soul to the brain during the photographic process." The fee for the two sessions is $110.
A summer poser from B.J.: "Sometimes I wonder what I'm agonna do..."
Some island lore from John A. Murphy: This mispronunciation of a Jamestown fort name always reveals the speaker as a non-native?
The Cleveland Browns training camp is open – all's well with the world.
Tidal pools set up in the Jamestown Philomenian Library will allow school-age children and their older companions to directly interact with marine animals from Narragansett Bay and the Atlantic Ocean this Saturday, Aug. 7, from 10 to 11 a.m. The presentation is by the Biomes Marine Biology Center, southern New England's only private aquarium and education center. The program is free and is sponsored by the Friends of the Jamestown Philomenian Library, the R.I. Office of Library and Information Services, and McDonald's Restaurants of Rhode Island.
No fishing poles, please.
The Caribbean Princess cruise ship of the Princess line will be anchored off Newport on Sunday.
The surrender of Japan in World War II occurred 65 years ago Aug. 14. Politicians have deemed that we observe VJ Day next Monday so everyone gets a three-day weekend. Even though the surrender ended World War II, its observance in recent years – mainly for politically correct reasons – has been tempered to say the least. But, one thing can never be forgotten. There were 354,000 American casualties in the Pacific, the result of military action by the Imperial Japanese forces. Fly Old Glory proudly next week in honor of the Americans who fought bravely to defeat the enemy and ensure a VJ Day.
Call in your stuff to 829-2760 or 423-0383, or email us at jtnwalrus@ hotmail.com.


text: Standby Money Line of CreditStandby Money Line of Credit requires you to fill out a credit application. If approved, you will receive a line of credit tied to your checking account. Then, if you initiate transactions—by debit card, ATM withdrawal, or check—against non-sufficient funds, Bangor Savings Bank may automatically access funds from your line of credit to process the transactions and avoid a non-sufficient funds (NSF) fee. Of course, like any line of credit, it is subject to an interest rate on outstanding balances and you are still required to repay those funds and any interest incurred. Additional Overdraft Protection options:No Return Benefit » Account-Link Overdraft Protection »


text:
Tragedy in Dallas: Team Scout Paralyzed
The Cowboys issued a release moments ago announcing that Rich Behm, a scouting assistant, sustained a fracture to the thoracic spine that caused a severing of his spinal cord and permanent paralysis from the waist down. Behm underwent surgery Saturday night and remains at Parkland Hospital in stable condition, according to reports.
Jerry Jones and coach Wade Phillips spent a large part of Saturday night/Sunday morning with the Behm family. More coaches and players visited the hospital today.
Jones released this statement:
"To the Behm family we extend our love, comfort, and the full support of every person and resource within the organization, Rich is a courageous member of our family and someone for whom we care deeply. We ask for all friends and fans of the Dallas Cowboys to join us in embracing him and his family with their thoughts and prayers at this very difficult time."
Very sad news for the Cowboys family.


text:
Photos: Chris 'Daddy Mac' Smith, Jermaine Dupri, Da Brat Attend Chris Kelly's Funeral
Kris Kross member Chris Kelly was laid to rest Thursday (May 9) after his untimely death. Kelly was found dead in his apartment May 1 as a result of an alleged drug overdose. The "Mac Daddy" was joined by fellow KK rapper Chris "Daddy Mac" Smith, Jermaine Dupri, Da Brat, Tiny, family members and friends.
"This has been a struggle for me every day," a teary-eyed Smith said. "But this morning, peace came over me because I know Chris is in heaven."
See who paid tribute to Kelly in the gallery above.
Photo Credit: Prince Williams/ATLPics.net


text:
X-FAB to Invest More than $50M in MEMS Operations
X-FAB Silicon Foundries today announced it will invest more than $50M during the next three years in cleanroom space, new equipment, R&D and staff for its MEMS operations. These investments reflect X-FAB's significant focus on MEMS to support the expected growth in MEMS services. The new brand X-FAB MEMS Foundry on X-FAB's campus in Erfurt focuses solely on advanced MEMS manufacturing and developments, and will consolidate all of X-FAB's MEMS business and activities.
X-FAB CEO Rudi De Winter said, "The MEMS sector is a strategic field of X-FAB's overall activities to serve the growing needs of our customers. Our customers will benefit from the dedicated resources and expertise of a foundry focused solely on advanced MEMS technology, and built on X-FAB's solid foundation of technical excellence. This move is X-FAB's next step towards our goal of becoming one of the top three worldwide suppliers of MEMS foundry services."
X-FAB's recent accomplishments in MEMS technology include:
- Industry's first open-platform MEMS 3-axis inertial sensor process available directly from a high-volume pure-play foundry
- Completion of a dedicated noble metal facility for MEMS
- 8-inch MEMS capability
- High-volume manufacturing of bulk and surface micromachined technologies, with and without CMOS integration
- In-house technology platforms for mainstream MEMS applications such as pressure sensors, inertial sensors and infrared sensors
- Ready-to-use IP design blocks for MEMS accelerometers


text:
Ilya Bryzgalov said it before Game 1 and mostly everyone shrugged him off.
Asked if he fears Sidney Crosby or Evgeni Malkin, Bryzgalov responded by saying:
"The only thing I fear is bears - bears in the forest."
Everyone laughed. The one-liner made headlines, causing Penguins fans to dress up as bears for Games 1 and 2 in Pittsburgh.
Mostly, the press corps shrugged it off and chalked it up to just another Bryzgalov joke, more in the vein of a "humangous big universe" or how his husky resembles a "beautiful girl" with her blue eyes.
Turns out, there may be something to what Bryzgalov was saying.
This just in: There is no part of the Flyers that fears the Pittsburgh Penguins.
Sure, it may seem brazen to say that while the Flyers have a 3-0 stranglehold on their best-of-seven series with their fiercest rival, but it may actually be a good way to explain the Flyers' on-ice magic in the first round.
In years past, especially when these two teams met in the playoffs consecutively in 2008 and 2009, there was an aura about the Penguins. You could feel it in their locker room. Every time those two players were on the ice, the Flyers were just waiting for something bad to happen.
A Pittsburgh columnist actually wrote a story previewing this series with the headline: "Flyers crumble when Crosby's at his best." It was true. Emphasis on the was.
Now, it's not that the Flyers don't respect the Penguins. It's just that they feel like they're on par with Pittsburgh instead of playing from behind before they even step on the ice.
"I think it's the fact that we believe we have just as many stars on our team," Danny Briere said. "I don't think we care that people are talking about us, or not, at this point."
The Penguins did not win the Atlantic division. They finished with just five more points than the Flyers in the regular season. Yet, the Penguins were the consensus favorite to not only romp the Flyers but win the whole shebang.
The Flyers are now 11-3-1 against Pittsburgh over the last two seasons.
Claude Giroux said the Flyers didn't pay too much attention to Pittsburgh's high-and-mighty status. They just knew they wanted to knock the Penguins off that perch.
"Everybody was picking Pittsburgh going into the first round. I don't think guys looked at it a lot, but once in a while you took a look at it on TV, and it was more of a motivation for us to win and prove everyone wrong."
They're one win away from doing just that.
For the latest updates, follow Frank Seravalli on Twitter: @DNFlyers


text:
By David Ponce
And death as well, we suppose. See, if you're one of about 68,700 Belkin Surgemaster owners (model numbers "F9G930-10, F9G930v10, F9G930-10-W and F9G930-10-SN, all manufactured in 2003. The model number and date of manufacture are located on the underside of the unit. Grey models F9G930-10-GRY and F9G930fc10G-CL are not a part of this recall."), you might want to stop using them. Like right now. It seems the device's rotating plug has shown the ability to detach itself and expose wiring, a quirky behavior that can quickly lead to uncomfortable situations.
Contact Belkin toll-free at 800-952-1465 between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. PT Monday through Friday or visit the firm's Web site at www.belkin.com/recall.
[ Press Release ] VIA [ UberGizmo ]


text:
This is my first post but I have been reading forums since my daughter was born 8 months ago. It will be a long one, so sorry about that but my story is complicated and I need your help!
Here's some background - LO has been refusing breast occasionally since she was born, and it's always around my ovulation and a week into my period (I got my period when she was only 2 months , calcium+magnesium+zinc supplements didn't help much). I had 3 bouts of mastitis so far, two treated with Clindamycin. LO started to poop green and slimy with streaks of blood when she was 2,5 MO and every ped I met said it's probably cow milk protein allergy. Even though I didn't believe it, I went on dairy free diet. It took almost 5 months before the poor thing was diagnosed with pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium difficile infection. FYI Clindamycin is known to propagate infection and she probably got the bacteria back in the hospital during delivery. The next person who tells me that green poop is normal is getting a punch in their face!
Anyway, to cut the story short, she started to stagnate in weight and height because of the illness. My supply has been reduced because she seemed to have lost appetite over time (I always nursed on demand) so I started to pump 10 days ago instead of feeding hypoallergenic formula like pedi suggested (it's the most disgusting thing I ever tasted in my life!). I rented a single electric pump at the hospital (double electric is not available where I live, I am not from the US and we don't have lactation consultants here sadly). This is my pumping/nursing schedule (total volume expressed from both breasts, I measure in ml so fl oz units may not be accurate):
1AM nurse
5AM nurse
8 AM 7-8 oz (or 200-250 ml) 30-40 minute session
11 AM 3,5-5 oz (120-140ml) 20-30 min session
2 PM 3,5-4,5 oz (around 100ml, add or remove 20ml) 15-20 min session
5 PM 3,5-4,5 oz (around 100ml, add or remove 20ml) 15-20 min session
7PM nurse during the nap nap
9PM nurse to sleep
So I pump nearly 0,5 liter in total during those 4 sessions.
Since I started to pump, I am waking up mildly engorged. She refuses breast completely during the day but takes a bottle after some convincing (I always offer 120 ml, she eats anything between 60 and 110ml, 400 ml in total per day plus I nurse 3-4 times afterwards, I freeze the leftovers). She gets solids twice per day, fruits, veggies or iron fortified baby cereal as per pedi's recommendation but doesn't eat much because of the illness. Regardless, she is still 90 percentile for height, weight and head circumference (the reason no one believed me she was ill!). She wets at least 5 diapers now that she got treatment, is still taking antibiotics. I don't think she is teething.
I am at my limits from worry and stress, so I am just wondering if I am doing things right. I pump until the last drop plus a few minutes to stimulate breast. I use medium shield, it starts to get uncomfortable by the end of the session, a bit of areola gets into the tube on one side but it's tolerable. I tried fenugreek but to my surprise – my pumping output was reduced when I started to smell like maple syrup!?! Fennel and oatmeal helps though, I start feeling milk let down sooner. I also use Syntocinon nasal spray for pumping, it made a big difference for me. I did everything to put LO back to breast for past two months but it started to be a torture for both of us and I didn't want to stress her anymore since she was sick and probably exhausted from pooping all that slime and blood. Since I have no access to double electric pump, I have to start from one breast but I alternate breast I start from at the beginning of every pumping session.
Am I doing this right, ladies? Am I pumping enough to maintain good supply? Is it OK to pump every 4 hours instead of every 3, my nipples are sore since I went suddenly from EBF to part time pumping. I used to nurse off one breast per session, she always refused the other one. I can't judge by the baby's intake since she is sick, next checkup is in 3 days. Please help me with your experiences, I feel desperate and scared of the 4th mastitis !
Thank you so much in advance!


text:
The Measles Epidemic of 1714-1715 in New France
This study utilizes methods to follow a measles epidemic in New France, where cause of death information is lacking. We fit a series of splines to estimate mortality and trace the origin, spread, duration and severity of the epidemic, which originated in the region of Montreal during the 2nd quarter of 1714. By the 3rd quarter, the epidemic had spread throughout the colony and had run its course by the second quarter of 1715. Overall, the measles death rate was 52.8 per 1,000 for children under age 15 and females were more likely than males to have died from the virus.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/P63P5Q
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Canadian Studies in Population | E-ISSN 1927-629X
Copyright ©2018 Canadian Population Society


text:
Male skeleton, artwork
F008/2577 Royalty Free
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Super Why!
Series Overview
This series focuses on the adventures of four fairytale friends who transform into reading powered superheroes: Alpha Pig with Alphabet Power, Wonder Red with Word Power, Princess Presto with Spelling Power, Super Why with the Power to Read and Super YOU with the Power to Help. Together, they are the "Super Readers!" The Super Readers jump into books (literally) to find answers to everyday preschool challenges and embark on exciting adventures, where they play interactive reading games to overcome obstacles and save the day. In every episode, young viewers dive directly into a pop up story to experience a brightly illustrated children's tale brought to magical life.


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It's now easier than ever to manage your Spectrum Business account and find the information you need.Visit SpectrumBusiness.net to:
What Are The Health Risks?
A healthy gut is the foundation of wellbeing, so constipation can contribute to:
Foods To Combat Constipation
Food is one of your biggest allies against constipation. Adopt these gut-friendly diet choices and see which ones work best for your body:
Plant Foods, Soluble and Insoluble Fiber
Fruit and vegetables encourage natural hormone balance . They are also high in fiber, which improves digestion, reduces the risk of constipation, can assist in moving food along the digestive tract and stabilizes blood glucose levels, which stabilizes insulin levels. Eating plenty of fiber also reduces other digestive conditions such as diverticulitis (small pouches in the colon and hemorrhoids (small often painful, bulging veins located in or near the anus).natural hormone balance
High fiber veggies include tomatoes, avocado, broccoli, carrots, peas, and beans. There are two main forms of fiber and it is good to eat both:
The US Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine recommend that women under 50 have a fiber intake of 25 g/day and over 50, have 21 g/day. To help you get your head around that:
But when it comes to fiber it is important to listen to your body. If you don't usually eat a great deal of fiber, increase levels slowly to minimize issues like bloating, flatulence and tummy discomfort, which can occur as your body adjusts. If you suffer from slow-transit constipation, fiber could actually make your constipation worse, so don't overdo it.
For a new high fiber recipe option, try my recipe for Lentil Stew or Oat Flour Muffins with Berries and Pistachios .
These are a known cure for constipation because of their natural oils and mucilaginous content, which adds bulk to your stool, helping speed up its transit time through the bowel.
Laxative effects which work in part through the cholinergic pathway
and can be
WOMENS RIVIERA FLIPFLOP TEAL 38 kIjdeGb
. Eat them raw, ground and added to dishes like breakfast bowls and healthy smoothies.
If that does not help, here is my favorite trick, especially when I travel (and tend to get constipated): Take 2 tablespoons of whole flaxseed (not ground) in a 16-ounce glass of filtered water before bed. The seeds will plump up and due to their slimy nature, they will evacuate things nicely.
Herbal Bitters
These stimulate digestion, particularly by boosting the production of bile acids, which are produced in the liver and are natural laxatives that also help break down fats. Recent research shows that a
Bettye Muller Women's Avenger Pump Black RHuD6sIXy2
by helping to soften stool and encourage their progression through the colon.
Number of observations with significant or nonsignificant outcomes in our vote counting analysis of pre-vs. posttest comparisons, across seven response variables and three treatment groups.
When comparing the control group to the nutrition education group or the control group to the garden group, a total of 12 out of 27 of the outcomes were nonsignificant ( Table 4 ). In the remaining 15 observations, the measured response variable was always higher in the nutrition education or gardening group, relative to the control group.
Number of observations with significant or nonsignificant outcomes in our vote counting analysis of posttest comparisons between control and nutrition education treatments, and control vs. gardening treatments, across seven response variables.
Although the gardening group showed more positive significant responses (for pre- and posttest comparisons, as well as compared with the control group) compared with the other groups, the large number of nonsignificant outcomes across all treatment groups made it difficult to interpret this data with confidence.
Participation in a nutrition education program resulted in a significant increase in nutrition knowledge [ E ++ = 0.15, CI = 0.05 to 0.22, df = 1, fail-safe number = 0 ( Fig. 1 )]. The control group also had a significant increase in nutrition knowledge [ E ++ = 0.23, CI = 0.04 to 1.02, df = 2, fail-safe number = 3.4 ( Fig. 1 )]. However, the gardening treatment experienced no significant increase in nutrition knowledge [ E ++ = 0.21, CI = −1.19 to 0.43, df = 2 ( Fig. 1 )].
Impact of control, nutrition education, and gardening treatments on changes in nutrition knowledge. Plotted points are the cumulative effect size (), and bars represent upper and lower bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (CIs). was calculated as: where is the effect size for the th study, and is the weight (reciprocal of the sampling variance) for the th study. CIs were calculated for each from resampling tests generated from 999 iterations. When a CI intersects the zero line, the impact of a treatment is nonsignificant. Significant outcomes are marked with an asterisk (*).
The control treatment exhibited no significant changes in preferences for fruit [
= −0.01, CI = −0.01 to 0.00, df = 1 (
Nero Giardini Gents Ladies PlatformPlatform P615020D Gents t60 406 Tortora t7dSphL4o
)] or vegetables [ E ++ = −0.01, CI = −0.05 to 0.11, df = 2 ( Ladies Wide Fit Fleece Lined Diabetic Orthopaedic Velcro Fastening Comfort Slippers Shoes Dr Keller Dr Hilda GENUINE Pink Flower E8gkwgvl
)]. Although the gardening treatment had no significant effect on preferences for fruit [ E ++ = −0.02, CI = −0.20 to 0.01, df = 3 ( Fig. 2A )], it did have a significant effect on vegetable preference [ E + + = 0.10, CI = 0.01 to 0.19, df = 1, fail-safe number = 0 ( BalaMasa Ladies Studded Rhinestones Metal Buckles Chunky Heels Imitated Leather Boots White xygJK0wnF
)]. We did not have enough observations to quantify changes in vegetable preference or changes in fruit preference for the nutrition education treatment.
One Trinity Place San Antonio, Texas 78212 210.999.8126 email@example.com


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TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras (AP) — Honduran President Porfirio Lobo says his government will open a trade office in China as a step toward establishing full diplomatic relations.
Honduras is one of a small group of countries, including several in Central America, that have diplomatic relations with Taiwan and not with China.
Lobo says, "in the 21st century, one can't keep thinking that expanding relations with one country means being the enemy of another." Opponents say they don't want to show a lack of appreciation for aid received from Taiwan in the past.


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Millennium Mile set for Tuesday in LondonderryStaff report
December 30. 2012 9:05PM
A record field of 1,300 participants is expected for the 14th annual Millennium Mile in Londonderry Tuesday afternoon.
The one-mile downhill event begins at 2 p.m. in front of Londonderry High School and goes south on Mammoth Road.
"I think people enjoy beginning the new year with this fun event," said race organizer John Mortimer. "We have people of all ages. Some come out to race and some come out to walk."
The field is up by 400 participants for this year's event. Anyone interested can still register online today at millenniumrunning.com until noontime or on-site at Londonderry High School before the race on Tuesday from noon until 1:45 p.m.
Last year's men's winner, Peter Najem of Derry, and women's winner Kara Haas of Westford, Mass., are expected to be in the field to defend their titles. Najem crossed in 3:56.7 last year and Haas collected the title in 4:40.
The men's course record is 3:51, which has been accomplished twice. Scott Anderson of Washington, D.C. clocked that time in the inaugural event n 1999 while Andy Downin, a co-founder of the race, tied the record in 2001.
The women's course record is 4:20 and that is held by Londonderry's Amy Mortimer set in 2005.
Also expected in the field is Brian Gagnon of Lowell, Mass. He was the Millennium Mile winner (3:54) two years ago and the Manchester Mile winner (3:43.9) this past summer.
"When we first started this event it was a fun, novelty idea," John Mortimer said. "We basically had a bunch of runners getting together to celebrate the New Year and we wanted to go to a race together. There were not that many around so we decided to start our own. We thought about a 5k but then felt that one-mile downhill would really be something different and fun. It has certainly grown since that first year."


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Vornado Realty Trust, which has significant operations in Paramus, announced last week the completion of its $678 million debt modification.
According to the announcement, the 5.743 percent mortgage loan secured by its Skyline properties in Fairfax, Va. has been separated into two tranches, a senior $350 million position and a junior $328 million position. The loans have been extended from February 2017 to February 2022, with a one-year extension option and will have an effective interest rate of 2.965 percent. Vornado has committed to fund a minimum of $25 million, through a loan to the property, for interest shortfalls, leasing capital and building capital to restabilize the property.


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MIAMI GARDENS, Fla. -- Of course it ended this way at Sun Life Stadium. Charlie Manuel was fired up enough afterward, so I'll let his words explain it all...
What did Joe explain on why he went to replay?
He said… I thought that what I saw was they wanted to review it, they called it in play for a double. I thought they wanted to review it to see if it was a home run. That's what I thought. I don't know. At the same time I was arguing because if they wanted to see if it was for a defensive play, I didn't think you could do that. My understanding is that's not the rule. Even if you go look for a home run or a double, even if you see a defensive play doesn't come into play there, I don't think. That was my argument.
Did you ask for a replay?
No. I didn't ask for it. I went out there when McKeon was arguing with the umpire. I was just going to wait bc I wanted to talk to him. I did not ask, they didn't ask me, I didn't ask for that.
So Jack asked?
I don't know why else they'd replay it unless Jack asked for interference. I don't know. You'd have to ask Jack and them that, I wasn't involved in that
Did you file the protest?
[Pete Mackanin] had to go tell them because I was already thrown out of the game. You can't review a defensive play, that's my understanding. I didn't ask for any replay for a double or a home run. The umpire called it a double, he signaled two bases. Once he signaled two bases, then McKeon went on the field. You'd have to ask him what he wanted. Once they reviewed the play… all of a sudden they put the defensive part in there. As I understand the rule, you can review to see if it was a home run, if it went out of the park, but you cannot be reviewing a defensive play. That's how I understand the rule. I don't know how they interpret it, but that's my understanding. I could be wrong. I don't know.
Did Petersen have a chance to catch the ball?
I think… I saw the replay and if you go look, the fielder is running. It looked kind of to me like the guy was standing there… he was real close to him. At the same time, even if you call interference, it means the fan had to interfere with him. And you assume that he's going to make the catch. But if you go look at it, the guy was trying to catch the ball, the right fielder, he jumped and… I used to be an outfielder: when you run and you jump and you hit the fence, a lot of time you'll miss the ball. And they assumed - just like everything else in this game anymore – they assumed that he was going to catch the ball. That's what I saw.
Why would Jack want a HR review?
Exactly. Exactly. I don't think he's going to ask them to review a double into a home run.
Watch game from office?
I watched the game from (the clubhouse). This TV don't work.
Did the delay affect Halladay?
It might have affected him. It was eight or 12 minutes. I know I'm not supposed to question review plays, but I wasn't questioning the review play. I was questioning the interpretation of the rule about the defense. That's why he threw me out because I wasn't supposed to be arguing, but I wasn't contesting the review. I was contesting the rule.
Will you come back to play again?
If it takes the loss away, we'll come back. Our priority is to win the game. But there again, I'd like to know what grants (Joe West) a review of a defensive play. At that time, I didn't get a chance to ask him a lot of things because he didn't want to talk to me really. He absolutely didn't want to talk to me, and he used the thing where you can't question a review play.
They assumed he was going to catch the ball and assuming is not how it's played. Because when he's moving and you hit the fence and stuff, a lot of times it jars you and you're going to miss the ball. They just thought, being as that guy's being there, that's interference. I'll argue that with you too. I played there 20 years. Yessirree. At the least we should've got a double out of it. At the least. Any way you want to cut it.
Have a question? Send it to Matt Gelb's Mailbag.
Download our NEW iPhone/Android app for easy access to all of our Phillies coverage, plus app-exclusive videos and analysis. Get it here.


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NEW YORK (AP) — Fatherhood in America has changed over the past few decades. Dads today are more involved in every aspect of child care, from diaper-changing to helping with homework. Nobody questions paternity leave — even Major League Baseball players take it — and stay-at-home fathers are no longer unusual. And while there are more single moms than ever, kids raised by two parents have a big advantage over kids from single-parent homes: They are less likely to be poor.
Despite the changes, when you ask today's dads what fatherhood means to them, they cite some pretty old-school, universal themes. A team from The Associated Press recently photographed 10 sets of fathers with their children, and when they were asked about being dads, they mentioned responsibility, hard work, joy and pride.
What does fatherhood mean to you?


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What has the PTA done for me lately? I've heard this question a lot. When I was serving as the communications board member for my local PTA, there were a lot of parents who questioned whether we were doing anything of value. Maybe I should have communicated better about our mission and actions because we were WORKING HARD to improve our school and support our teachers.
I must admit that I have not taken much time to find out what the National PTA is doing to help me and my kids. I've always sort of thought that the real work was done by parents and teachers in schools, while the national organization existed basically to coordinate our efforts.
But in a press release this week, the National PTA gave me a reason to take a serious look at what they're actually doing to support students, teachers and families. This week they announced the creation of a series of guides to help parents understand the new Common Core Standards in Math and English that have been adopted by more than half of the states in the country.
This could be a HUGE help to parents if they know the information exists so you bet I'll be passing it along to my PTA's current communications officer so that other parents in my school district will have help understanding these new standards.
"As the Standards are implemented within the next few years throughout the country, a key part of the work will be to help parents talk about and understand how the Standards can be used to improve their children's chances for success. These Guides will help parents do just that," said National PTA President, Charles J. "Chuck" Saylors.
The Guides include four key components:
• Key items that children should be learning in English and math in each grade;
• Activities that parents can do at home to support their child's learning;
• Ways parents can build stronger relationships with their child's teacher; and
• Tips for planning for college and career (high school guides only).
The Common Core Standards are a collection of learning targets in Math and English that have been adopted by more than 40 states to ensure that kids are being taught the same basic skills regardless of geographic location.
Kathryn Thompson is a mom to two school-aged kids, a toddler, and a deceased betta fish. She can also be found at The Parenting Post, DaringYoungMom.com and occasionally the gym.
Like Mom Congress on Facebook to connect with parents and educators working together to make a difference in our children's schools.


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Avimor is the Treasure Valley's premier lifestyle community. Located 8 miles north of Eagle, Idaho in the Boise Foothills with direct access to miles of trails and open space.
Take a 3D Tour! Learn More
For those who put quality time at the center of their lives
For those who see the wisdom in small-town values
For those who seek the open spaces that invite a healthy, active lifestyle
This is Avimor. A charming village community located in the Foothills above Boise, Idaho. Situated around a central village square, Avimor is a place that will celebrate the individual while also inspiring a sense of community. An expansive Community Center and vibrant main street play host to concerts, sporting events, and holiday festivals. There are thousands of acres of Open Space and over 100 miles of trails right outside your door. You'll be just as close to the city as you are to nature, a convenience that will create a sense of harmony and balance.
Sales Office Address:
18815 N Streams Edge Way
Boise, ID 83714-8862
Learn more
Request Information
Model Homes Open 10am to 5pm Daily
Spring Valley Realty, LLC
(208) 939-5360
John Rogers
Stormy Namer
Contact Us
With scenic vistas and access to miles of trails to explore, come find out what a Lifestyle Community means.
View Floorplans
Find A Home
Explore 23,000 acres out your back door
Avimor's Conservation Director
Charlie Baun - 208.921.0195
Trail Map
Come Explore


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Knowledge Base
Want to know how to do something? Want to know how something works? The answer probably lies in the Knowledge Base.
Dartmouth provides many software programs free of charge for most general computing and academic purposes to members of the Dartmouth community.
Computers and commercially available software and peripherals can be purchased on campus through The Computer Store.
Information, Technology & Consulting also provides a number of options for data storage.
If you have questions or need further information, contact your department's IT support office, or contact the IT Service Desk via email at [email protected], via phone at 603-646-2999 or walk in to see them in Baker/Berry 178J.


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Dianne Reeves, "Beautiful Life" (Concord)
On her first studio album in five years, four-time Grammy winner Dianne Reeves comes back strong with a genre-crossing collection of 12 love-themed songs on which she infuses her impressive jazz stylings with a healthy dose of soul.
Reeves gets a major assist from producer Terri Lyne Carrington, who skillfully mixes and matches several dozen musicians — including rising stars Esperanza Spalding, Robert Glasper and Gregory Porter — to provide a distinctive multilayered backdrop with a rich palette of instrumental colors for each track.
The singer puts her own stamp on an eclectic selection of covers. These include a sultry version of Marvin Gaye's "I Want You," with Sean Jones adding simmering trumpet lines; a neo-soul take on Fleetwood Mac's soft-rock classic "Dreams," arranged by pianist Glasper; and a shimmering vocal duet with Lalah Hathaway on Bob Marley's "Waiting in Vain." The only traditional standard is "Stormy Weather," which Reeves floats through in an extended 8-minute version, colorfully stretching the lyrics.
The new songs by Reeves and her session mates include the joyful "Feels So Good (Lifted)," embellished by a synth solo from Reeves' cousin George Duke, who died last year; Carrington's soulful "Satiated (Been Waiting)," with Reeves engaging in a seductive vocal duet with Porter; and the smoothly flowing "Wild Rose," featuring its composer Spalding on bass and background vocals.
Reeves best displays her virtuosity on her wordless, Latin-beat composition "Tango," with Raul Midon vocally imitating a trumpet, on which she improvises scat vocals, suddenly shifts tempos and makes full use of her impressive multi-octave range.


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Windham residents keep Boston close to their hearts with shirt saleBy APRIL GUILMET
Union Leader Correspondent
April 28. 2013 7:16PM
WINDHAM - Members of Windham's local sports community are doing their part in lending a hand to those affected by the Boston Marathon tragedy.
On Saturday morning, a mountain of "Boston Strong" T-shirts awaited their new owners in the outdoor pavilion at Griffin Park.
Atkinson resident David Tremblay, who owns Atkinson Graphics, designed the shirts.
Tremblay began selling the custom shirts in the days following the tragedy at this year's Boston Marathon, with proceeds to benefit the family of Martin Richards, an 8-year-old Dorchester, Mass., boy who was killed in the bombings.
According to Tremblay, $2 from every shirt sold will be given to Martin's surviving family. Both Martin's mother, Denise, and his 6-year-old sister were severely injured in the attacks.
Tremblay created a similar shirt in the wake of the September 11 attacks and was able donate thousands of dollars toward the United Way's relief efforts.
As of last weekend, Tremblay had sold around 2,500 shirts.
David Macary, president of the Windham Baseball Softball League, said he learned about the fundraiser during a phone conversation with Tremblay last week.
Atkinson Graphics has been supplying the local youth teams with uniforms for several years, and when Macary heard what his friend was doing, he knew he wanted to help.
Knowing the youth sports league didn't have the funds to purchase hundreds of shirts outright, Macary opted to instead post a notice on the organizations' website, encouraging parents and children to place their shirt orders online.
"It seemed like the perfect way to get the word out," Macary said, noting that orders were also placed by students at Windham High School.
The outpouring of public support was almost instant.
"I think we sold about 150 shirts within the first 12 hours," he said.
Local residents ordered a total of 400 shirts and, realizing the likely demand, the Windham Youth League purchased an additional 100 shirts to be sold onsite last Saturday, which Macary expected would sell out.
Available in youth and adult sizes, the shirts sell for $10 each and are also available for sale locally at the Stateline PaySaver store in Salem and at Foods Plus and Signal Street Variety in Plaistow.
For more information, visit www.atkinsongraphics.com or call 898-4646.


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Right now I have:
Hexx ruins
Souther swamp
Western jungle
Havendale bridge
Venture cave
Rock Garden
Norther desert
Den of danger
Eastern tundra.
Yes part of problem i don't like (minor complain not important) is that i don't even know what i'm "supposed to do" So im going for making quest. Right now i'm a Monk short of completing second generation.
I want to notice that the Puzzles that you find in the exploration guild are by far the hardest thing in the game so far, i fail there a lot and really have to think carefully to solve them. They are fun but they are "different" than the main game and not really the reason i'm interested in desktop dungeons.


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Hi all,I just got my DP2M and was thrilled. However the one I got is defective: when I switch it on, not only it takes more than 5 seconds, but then the displayed preview just a noisy white picture (as if it was massively over exposed). Furthermore, it is sometimes impossible to open the menu and it doesn't take pictures.Has anyone had this problem before?Anyway, I'll send it back and request for another unit.
However the one I got is defective: ... the displayed preview just a noisy white picture (as if it was massively over exposed). Has anyone had this problem before?
These images were shot with DP2M last month at WuYuan in China (so called "the most beautiful village" in the nation).I took this camera and the Canon 5D MarkkIII with me but end up using DP2M most of the time. The sharpness and film like tonality just blew me away.Comments are appreciated.John
..I was wondering if anybody could comment on dynamic range or shadow noise. lets say we compare the camera to a recent high quality mft or aps-c sensor.
The DP3 will be announced soon...
I just think about external battery to DP2...http://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/894790-REG/Sigma_eya034_SAC_5_AC_Adapter.htmlDid anyone check if it can be powered by an external battery?Hyper Juice or Quantum - it would be perfect
Aha! Sigma France was right. You do seem to have insider information!


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LONG BEACH — A funeral service is scheduled for Saturday, Dec. 3, for long-time Signal Hill resident Robert H. Peterson.
Peterson, who was known to friends and family as Bob, was 87 years old when he went home to his loving savior Jesus Christ on Nov. 27, 2011. He is survived by his brothers, Harvey Peterson of Temecula, CA., and George Peterson of Mesquite, NV.; a niece, nephews and cousins.
Bob was born in Long Beach and he lived for 65 years in Signal Hill in his family's home on Lemon Avenue. He was living at the Carson Guest Home — in Carson, CA. — at the time of his death.
The graveside service is scheduled for 2 p.m. at Forest Lawn Cemetery, 1500 E. San Antonio Drive., in Long Beach.


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ATLANTA (AP) — Georgia's attorney general is asking a judge to dismiss a federal lawsuit filed by a gay rights group challenging the state's constitutional ban on same-sex marriages.
Lambda Legal filed the lawsuit in April on behalf of seven people. Attorney General Sam Olens, representing the state registrar, said in a filing Monday that the suit takes away Georgia residents' right to define marriage.
Olens' brief acknowledges a movement in some states to recognize same-sex marriage and public opinion polls that support those changes.
"But judicially imposing such a result now would merely wrest a potentially unifying popular victory from the hands of supporters and replace it instead with the stale conformity of compulsion," the brief says. "This Court should reject Plaintiffs' invitation to disregard controlling precedent, decline to anticipate a future ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court, and dismiss Plaintiffs' claims in their entirety."
Beth Littrell, a senior attorney for Lambda Legal and co-counsel on the Georgia case said Olens' arguments are "dead wrong" and have been rejected in other challenges to state bans on same-sex marriage.
"This is a strong indication the attorney general plans on defending the marriage ban regardless of the precedent lining up against him that the federal Constitution provides to all citizens the right to marry the person they love," Littrell said.
Georgia voters overwhelmingly approved a constitutional ban on gay marriage in 2004. It was challenged in courts over wording of the ballot question, but the state Supreme Court ruled in 2006 that the vote was valid.
The current lawsuit filed in federal court challenges the ban itself, rather than the ballot wording.
The state constitution prohibits same-sex marriage and says such marriages performed in other states aren't legally recognized in Georgia.
The Supreme Court last year found that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act, which forbade the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriage, improperly deprived gay couples of due process. Lower-court judges have cited that decision when striking down bans in other states.
Olens' brief says that should not apply to Georgia because the state's marriage laws do not imply a right to marry someone of the same sex.
Same-sex marriage is legal in 19 states and the District of Columbia. Bans that have been overturned in some other states continue to make their way through the courts.
Associated Press writer Kate Brumback contributed to this report.


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News & Events
For the Media
World in Potsdam Diversity Festival Special Postal Cancellation Available
As part of the World in Potsdam Diversity Festival, the U.S. Postal Service will offer a special commemorative cancellation featuring the festival logo to celebrate the event that will be held on Saturday, November 8, from noon to 4:30 p.m. in Clarkson University's Cheel Campus Center
Those attending the World in Potsdam Diversity Festival will be able to get the unique postmark at the special temporary Post Office station on postcards that will be provided or any postcard or envelope with uncancelled first-class postage.
As a community service, the Postal Service offers pictorial postmark cancellations to commemorate local events celebrated in communities throughout the nation. They are unavailable at regular retail counters and therefore of special interest to collectors. People attending these local events may obtain the cancellation in person.
Anyone who cannot attend, but would like to obtain the cancellation, may submit a mail order request. Requests must be postmarked no later than 30 days following the requested pictorial postmark date.
All requests must include a stamped envelope or postcard bearing at least the minimum first-class mail postage. Items submitted for cancellation may not include postage issued after the date of the requested postmark.
Those wishing to obtain the cancellation should affix stamps to any envelope or postcard, address the envelope or postcard to themselves or others, insert a card of postcard thickness in envelopes for sturdiness and tuck in the flap. Place the envelope or postcard in a larger envelope and address it to "Pictorial Postmarks, World in Potsdam Diversity Festival Station, 21 Elm St., Potsdam, NY 13676."
Other events at the festival include an international food tasting, and performances by the Rhythm Mission, the Crane School of Music Latin Ensemble, the First Baptist Hand Bell Choir, the Golden Knotes, the Pointercounts, the A-Sharp Arrangement, and student groups from SUNY Potsdam and Clarkson).
In addition, there will be numerous activities, hands-on crafts, demonstrations and international displays for everyone to enjoy. Children will particularly enjoy the Pi�ata Party.
The World in Potsdam Diversity Festival not only highlights the world's cultures and peoples, but it also brings members of the Potsdam community together to celebrate the town's unique and diverse cultural heritage.
The festival is sponsored by Clarkson University, SUNY Potsdam and the Village of Potsdam.
For more information on the World in Potsdam Diversity Festival, please visit http://www.worldinpotsdam.org.


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The shadow chancellor said those earning more than £150,000 should only receive basic rate tax relief on their retirement savings.
This would mean they could only get tax relief of 20 per cent on their savings, compared with 50 per cent today, and 45 per cent from April. It would cost high earners thousands of pounds each year.
The money raised from the scheme, estimated to be at least £1billion a year, would be used to effectively pay private firms to hire the long–term unemployed.
Mr Balls's pensions tax raid would be introduced in addition to Coalition plans to restrict annual retirement savings. It is one of Labour's first major tax announcements as the party comes under growing pressure to disclose its policy plans.
Experts have warned that the proposed system risks ruining company pension provision as high–earning executives would close down their schemes for workers.
Mr Balls said: "When times are tough it cannot be right that we subsidise the pension contributions of the top 2 per cent of earners at more than double the rate of people on average incomes paying the basic rate of tax."
Under the Labour scheme, the money raised would be used to fund a minimum–wage job for anyone who has been out of work for at least two years. There are currently 129,400 people aged over the age of 25 in that position.
The long–term unemployed would be forced to take up the job offered to them or they would lose the right to claim benefits.
"Government has a responsibility to help people into work and support those who cannot, but those who can work must be required to take up jobs or lose benefits as a result – no ifs or buts," Mr Balls said.
"Tackling long–term unemployment will be a top priority for the next Labour government because we know from the 1980s that it has a scarring effect on individuals and communities, damages our economy and society, and builds up long–term costs for the taxpayer."
The proposal is similar to one first announced by Gordon Brown and Alistair Darling in 2009. The scheme was scrapped by the Coalition, which instead introduced an annual limit on the amount that can be saved in a pension.
However, Mr Balls is thought to now favour having both tax restrictions.
The Daily Telegraph has called for a new pensions settlement for those in the private sector amid growing fears that politicians from different parties are repeatedly targeting retirement savings to raise tax revenues.
"When times are tough it cannot be right to subsidise the top 2 per cent of earners "


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SALT LAKE CITY (AP) — A Utah resort long known as a skiers' mountain has been sued for refusing to open its slopes to snowboarders — a legal action that again exposed a culture clash on the slopes.
In their lawsuit filed Wednesday, four snowboarders claimed discrimination on national forest lands that make up most of the Alta ski area in the mountains east of Salt Lake City.
The lawsuit says the plaintiffs bought tickets Sunday knowing they would be turned away at the chairlifts and could then sue the resort. One of them later sneaked onto the lift using "split boards" — a snowboard that splits apart and resembles skis — but was intercepted and escorted down the mountain.
Alta is one of the last remaining U.S. ski areas that bans snowboarding, and the lawsuit claims Alta dislikes snowboarders for their allegedly reckless skiing, inconsiderate attitude, baggy clothes and their overuse of such words as "gnarly" and "radical" when describing difficult terrain.
Deer Valley, another Utah resort, and Mad River Glen in Vermont also ban snowboarding. Taos in New Mexico relented in 2009 and allowed the practice.
Skiers' chief complaint is that snowboarders' sideways stance leaves them with a blind spot that can make their wide, sweeping turns a danger to others on the slopes.
Some say the culture war is old news now that young people are turning back to using a pair of skis instead of one board.
"Snowboarding as a sport peaked a couple of years ago. It was counter-culture, but it became too mainstream," said Riley Cutler, a partner at a Salt Lake City ski shop, Wasatch Touring. "Now kids are going back to skiing on twin tips and riding rails."
News of the lawsuit lit up the websites of Utah newspapers with passionate comments such as: Snowboarders "ruin all the snow" by scraping it down to ice; they "don't watch where they're going;" and they "stop in the middle of the hill and sit down! What's up with that?"
David Quinney, a minority owner of Alta, said customers prefer to have the mountain kept for skiers only.
"Alta is forbidden fruit for snowboarders," said Quinney, whose grandfather Joe Quinney founded Alta in 1939. "The thing about Alta, so much of it involves hiking, climbing and traversing. That's not real conducive to snowboarding."
Quinney said the culture clash that separated skiers and snowboarders in the 1990s has become a cliche, and banning snowboarding remains a matter of safety, not style.
"I'm a skier, always have been," he said. "There are skiers out there that appreciate going to a place that allows skiers only, not snowboarders."
The U.S. Forest Service also was named as a defendant in the lawsuit. Government officials declined comment, said Loyal Clark, a spokeswoman for the Uinta-Cache Wasatch National Forest.
Snowboarding might have lost some of its cool since starting in the late 1970s, but about a third of all resort visitors are still sliding downhill on one plank, not two, according to surveys by the National Ski Areas Association.
The lawsuit concedes that snowboarders were "perhaps rightfully" stereotyped as riffraff decades ago by more sophisticated and affluent skiers, but times have changed.
The plaintiffs in the lawsuit are Rick Alden, Drew Hicken, Bjorn Leines and Richard Vargas. They are asking a federal judge to declare that Alta's ban violates the Constitution's promise of equal treatment under the law.


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FORT COLLINS, Colo. (AP) — A 7-year-old girl was removed from her northern Colorado home and her parents were arrested because she could not walk or talk and was not being treated for seizures, police said.
The girl, who weighed just 37 pounds, is in foster care and progressing well, the Fort Collins Coloradoan reported Friday (http://tinyurl.com/ngyx3jc).
Her parents were arrested this week on felony charges of child abuse resulting in serious bodily injury. Each was released on $10,000 bond. No phone number could be found for them, and court records did not list any defense attorneys.
The girl was removed from the Fort Collins home in October, and police said they had been investigating the case since then. It was not immediately clear why the inquiry took so long.
The girl, now 8, has grown nearly 6 inches and weighs nearly 60 pounds after six months in foster care, authorities said. She is undergoing physical therapy and speech therapy.
Police said they received a tip about her untreated seizures. When officers and child-welfare workers went to the house on Oct. 28, the girl was on the floor unable to hold her head up, court documents said. She had a seizure while authorities were there, and she was taken to a hospital.
The parents told officers they had not taken taken her to a doctor recently because their car was broken and they did not want to ask for help, the documents said.
The father told officers that he believed the seizures were only "spells" or "episodes" because doctors initially could not pinpoint the cause, according to the records.
He told police he did not know whether the spells were caused by a medical or spiritual problem, and that the couple had run into obstacles when they tried to have their home blessed to get rid of bad spirits, documents said.
The 47-year-old mother is scheduled to appear in court Monday. The father, 44, has a court hearing scheduled Sept. 4.
The Associated Press typically does not identify abuse victims and is withholding the parents' names to avoid identifying the child.
Information from: Fort Collins Coloradoan, http://www.coloradoan.com


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The Protestant culture of Reformation Europe and early America set great store on spreading the word of God through the printed word. The Protestant emphasis upon being able to read the Bible spawned relatively high literacy rates among early Protestants. A desire among parents and church leaders to immerse their children in their beliefs stimulated a demand for religious literature to read to or to be read by young people. This abridged scripture history was part of this long tradition of religious literature for children. Like many children's books being printed in the early 1800s, "Scripture History" was generously illustrated with simple woodcuts. By including scenes from the Bible such as the story of Adam and Eve, the author hoped to stimulate young readers "to study the sacred scriptures."
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Applying Technology to Healthcare Workforce Management
John Lynn is the Founder of the HealthcareScene.com blog network which currently consists of 10 blogs containing over 8000 articles with John having written over 4000 of the articles himself. These EMR and Healthcare IT related articles have been viewed over 16 million times. John also manages Healthcare IT Central and Healthcare IT Today, the leading career Health IT job board and blog. John is co-founder of InfluentialNetworks.com and Physia.com. John is highly involved in social media, and in addition to his blogs can also be found on Twitter: @techguy and @ehrandhit and LinkedIn.
I mentioned before that at HIMSS this year I made a shift in focus from EHR technology to a look at what's next after EHR. In most cases, the technology has some connection or tie to the EHR, but I was really interested to see where else a healthcare organization can apply technology beyond the EHR software.
I found one such case when I met with Ron Rheinheimer from Avantas. For those not familiar with Avantas, they're a healthcare scheduling and labor management solution. In most cases, their workforce solution is something the nurses choose and often the CNO. I imagine that's why it's not talked about nearly as much as things like the EHR. It takes a pretty progressive CIO at a hospital to be able to see through all the noise of other regulations and work with the CNO on a workforce management solution. Or it takes a pretty vocal CNO who can make the case for the solution.
Ron Rheinheimer from Avantas made a pretty good case for why workforce management should have a much higher priority for hospital CIOs. He noted that about 60% of a hospital's budget is labor expenses and 50% of the labor budget is for nursing. It's no wonder that nurses take it hard when a hospital goes through layoffs thanks to an EHR implementation. However, given those numbers, optimizing your workforce could save your organization a lot of money.
I think this is particularly true as hospital systems get larger and larger. We've all seen the trend around hospital system consolidation and as these organizations get larger their staffing requirements get much more complex. Most of them start moving towards a centralized nurse staffing model. They start working on a floating pool of nurses in the hospital. While humans are amazing, once things get complex, it's a great place for technology to assist humans.
Ron Rheinheimer also told me about the new incentive models that many hospitals are employing to be able to incentivize nurses to take the hard to fill shifts. Night shift differential has long been apart of every workforce, but with technology you can use analytics to really understand which shifts are the hardest to fill and reward your nurses appropriately for taking those hard to fill shifts. My guess is that we're still on the leading edge of what will be possible with technology and managing the schedule in a hospital. Real time dynamic pricing for shifts is something that only technology could really do well.
As you can tell, I'm new to this area of healthcare technology. However, I find it fascinating and I believe it's an area where technology can really improve the current workflow. I look forward to learning more.


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WASHINGTON (AP) - Bryce Harper homered and singled, Dan Haren had his best start of the young season Saturday and the Washington Nationals beat the Cincinnati Reds 6-3.
Denard Span and Jayson Werth each had two hits for Washington, which has won the first three games of the four-game set.
Haren (2-3) didn't quite match Jordan Zimmermann's one-hitter and Gio Gonzalez's impressive eight innings of one-hit ball the previous two games, but he was sharp enough. Haren allowed two runs and six hits over six innings, lowering his ERA from 7.36 to 6.29.
Rafael Soriano pitched a scoreless ninth for his seventh save.
Brandon Phillips had three singles and Shin-Soo Choo homered for Cincinnati, which has lost four of five.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Tuesday, February 21, 2012 - Jozef, Tomas and Rado - Full Contact
Latest Sets at MaleFeet4U.com
Our previews from malefeet4u.com today are two great looking guys, Mirek Sramek and Danek Carka. You can see their full shoots at www.malefeet4u.com.
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KANSASWORKS is hosting a home agent job fair on Oct. 24 in conjunction with Convergys, a global leader in relationship management.
"Convergys' Home Agent program is one of the fastest growing parts of the company, and it offers a flexible work alternative to the traditional office setting," said Kansas Commerce Secretary Pat George. "The company has immediate opportunities for home agents to handle customer service telephone calls, web chats, and e-mail inquiries for a variety of Convergys clients."
WHAT: Home agent job fair for Convergys Corp. in Russell, sponsored by KANSASWORKS.
WHEN/WHERE: 9-11 a.m., parking lot of the Klema Apple Market, 51 S. Fossil St., Russell, Kan. 67665. Look for the KANSASWORKS Mobile Center.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Job seekers are encouraged to dress appropriately and bring copies of their resumes. The KANSASWORKS Mobile Center will be on site to help participants with resume preparation and job counseling services. Please note that Convergys will not conduct formal interviews at this time. Job seekers must apply online through the company's website to be considered for open positions.
The event is an opportunity for job seekers to meet with a company representative via video conference to learn more about Convergys and opportunities to work as a home agent for the company.
To apply for open positions, go to www.convergysworkathome.com or www.convergys.com/careers.
CONVERGYS HOME AGENT INFORMATION: Home agent positions include salary, health benefits, flexible scheduling and paid training. Home agents will provide customer service support for various Convergys clients. The pay is $9 per hour plus incentives, and employees working more than 20 hours per week are eligible for benefits, including medical, dental and vision insurance, as well as tuition reimbursement.
Agents must meet certain home office standards to be considered, including a quiet place to work inside their home, a personal computer that meets Convergys' minimum standards, high-speed Internet access and a noise-canceling headset. A complete list of technical requirements can be found at www.convergysworkathome.com.


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Whether you're walking through scenic alpine meadows, scaling tough mountain passes, taking on the ski slopes or kayaking on crystalline lakes, Switzerland offers stunning scenery, panoramic views and the chance to commune with nature in one of its purest forms. With rich chocolate and fine cheese waiting as reward, Switzerland is the place for the active and the indulgent.
Book now and save on trips departing to September 2019. Hurry, offer ends 31 October 2018.Terms & Conditions
Take an epic tour through the heart of Italy, Switzerland and France. Visit ancient...
Discover pristine Switzerland starting in Zurich and visiting St Gallen, Lucerne,...
Pamper the appetite and treat the senses on this exquisite journey through Italy's Lake...
Think of Switzerland and you'll conjure up images of the snowy Alps, Swiss...
Whether you're roaming around Budapest's beautiful castle district or visiting...
Warning: may include dangerous levels of natural beauty. Consume at own risk.
When dining out, service charges and taxes are usually included in the bill. Rounding up the bill or adding 5-10% is customary, although optional.
Internet access is very good in Switzerland, with cyber cafes and Wi-Fi hotspots easily found in most cities and major towns.
Mobile phone coverage is generally very good in most cities of Switzerland. Mountainous regions may have patchy coverage however. Ensure global roaming is activated before you arrive.
Modern, flushable toilets are the standard in Switzerland.
Cup of coffee in a cafe = 3-4 Fr
Beer in a bar or restaurant = 5-7 Fr
Simple lunch in a cafe = 10-15 Fr
Dinner at a restaurant = 30-50 Fr
Tap water is considered safe to drink unless otherwise marked.
Major credit cards are widely accepted by stores and hotels in Switzerland. Smaller cafes and shops may not accept credit cards, so ensure you carry enough cash to cover small purchases.
ATMs are very common in Switzerland so finding one won't be a problem in most towns and cities.
Absolutely. All passengers travelling with Intrepid are required to purchase travel insurance before the start of their trip. Your travel insurance details will be recorded by your leader on the first day of the trip. Due to the varying nature, availability and cost of health care around the world, travel insurance is very much an essential and necessary part of every journey.
For more information on insurance, please go to: Travel Insurance
Please note these dates are for 2017. For a current list of public holidays in Switzerland go to: http://www.worldtravelguide.net/switzerland/public-holidays
Intrepid is committed to travelling in a way that is respectful of local people, their culture, local economies and the environment. It's important to remember that what may be acceptable behaviour, dress and language in your own country, may not be appropriate in another. Please keep this in mind while travelling.


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I had surgery on my brain over a year ago. 2 tumors were removed ...more
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Every member of FaithWriters has a Profile page which shows all their Regular Articles, Challenge entries, Critique Circle submissions and Free Reprints (as well as any bio information you have included).
So how do you find yours? Well, there are a few different ways:
1. Easiest way--there is a direct link to your Profile page on your account page at FaithWriters. Login to FaithWriters. When your account page opens, scroll down to where it says UPDATE AND MANAGE YOUR PROFILE/ACCOUNT. To reach your profile page, click on the VIEW YOUR PROFILE LINK in that section.
2. If you don't want to login, you can go to the home page of FaithWriters.com and scroll down the page to the section on the left side that says FOR READERS. From there, click on the link to SEARCH BY AUTHOR'S NAME. That will take you here:
It can be useful to save that page as a bookmark for fast, future reference.
3. Another simple way is to comment on someone else's article or Challenge entry. Once you comment, your name will appear in the comment box as a link to your profile page. Just click on your name and you'll be taken to your profile.
4. Last of all, your articles and Challenge entries have your name under the title. Click on your name and you'll be taken to your Profile page.
If you would like to change your bio information, you can do that by going to your FaithWriters' account page. Once on your account page, scroll down to the UPDATE AND MANAGE YOUR PROFILE/ACCOUNT box. Click on that and it will take you here:
From there, you can change your profile information, including your display name. For example, I was Deb Porter when I first signed up at FaithWriters, but later changed my display name to Deborah Porter. Changes like that can be made at any time and will automatically change your display name on all your articles.


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CJ Brown is the epitome of "Fire Original". The veteran backliner has been with the club since the team's inaugural season in 1998, playing in 342 matches and logging 31,794 minutes across all competitions, Brown will set a new record for longevity when the Fire kickoff 2010 this Saturday at Red Bull New York.
Opening up his 13th consecutive season with the Fire, the former U.S. international will officially surpass former Los Angeles Galaxy midfielder Cobi Jones who spent 12 straight years with the club, before retiring to become an assistant coach with the team.
In that time, Brown has gone from a 22-year-old rookie, to a 34-year-old vet, playing with the likes of Nowak, Wynalda, Stoitchkov, Razov, Beasley, Bocanegra and Blanco. He's played in three different stadiums, four if you count the new Soldier Field, winning five major trophies with the club, with Carlos de los Cobos representing the fifth head coach he's played for.
So what has changed, C.J.?
"A lot," said a reflective Brown. "From '98 to now, things have been up and down. It's very difficult to match the way we started that year, we obviously have been unable to repeat that feat, but that first team was very special."
Special, indeed.
Led by current U.S. national team head coach Bob Bradley, the '98 squad featured the aforementioned Nowak and Razov, along with proven internationals in strikers Roman Kosecki, Jerzy Podbrozny (both from Poland), Frank Klopas (USA) and defender Lubos Kubik (Czech Republic). Bolstered by up-and-coming American internationals Chris Armas, Josh Wolff and Zach Thornton, the '98 team remains the only expansion side in MLS history to win the league's championship in its debut season.
And while MLS Cup has eluded the club over the last 12 seasons, Brown has been a part of four Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup championship teams with the Fire, winning his first five days after the club's '98 league triumph.
"The Open Cup is something our club has taken very seriously over the years," said Brown about the longest continual cup competition in American sport. "Every preseason we ask what we're here for, and the answer is to win trophies. With that in mind, I think we've placed the importance of the tournament higher on our priority list than other MLS teams and the results have reflected that."
It is through the tournament that Brown found his way to Major League Soccer, impressing MLS sides after helping the USISL Division Three San Francisco Bay Seals to the semifinals of the 1997 Open Cup, where they fell 2-1 to DC United.
Along with Armas and another former teammate in Diego Gutierrez, Brown's four U.S. Open Cup championships are a record for one player during the tournament's "Professional Era", having won again in 2000, 2003 and 2000.
The 2000 championship in particular holds a special story for the defender.
Originally scheduled for October 22, 2000, a Sunday at Soldier Field, the final coincided with Brown's scheduled wedding on the same day.
"My wife told me I had to miss the game because it was our wedding day in California. I had to tell her there was no way I could do that."
Fortunately for Brown, his future wife Kim and the Fire, the Chicago Marathon was scheduled for the same day necessitating a move of the final from Sunday to Saturday - Relief!
Playing the full 90 minutes, the Fire would go on to defeat the Miami Fusion 2-1 and Brown took off.
"Kim gave me her blessing, saying it was ok, as long as I got to California on time. It wasn't my best performance as I had other things on my mind, but we still came away with the victory and I high-tailed it out west soon after. The next day, some of my teammates even made it for the wedding as well."
Coming up on his 13th season with the Fire, Brown's also thankful for the support Section 8 and its predecessors have given the club over his years in Chicago.
"They've been a huge part of the Fire's success since day one. When we moved to Naperville while Soldier Field was being renovated, the numbers dipped a bit but returning to the city and then making it Toyota Park, they're as strong as they've ever been and as a player it really lifts you to know someone's supporting you through good times and bad."
Brown will look to help the club gain its first three points of 2010 this Saturday when the Fire travel to Denver to take on the Colorado Rapids at 3:00 pm CT.


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At the edge of the world.
This is a documentary film about a group of volunteers who risk their lives in the antarctic ocean to protect whales from hunters. Whale hunting has been illegal since 1982 with the only exception being for research purposes. Some fishermen boldly display the words "RESEARCH VESSEL" on their ships so that they may hunt whales illegally. The volunteers feel that they are the last line of defense for the whales because there is no other country or equivalent world force akin to a coast guard that will enforce the international whaling ban.
It's a dangerous game of cat and mouse in the antarctic ocean between the hunters and the hunted and the scenery is absolutely beautiful. If you think that you might interested seeing this, out library has a copy on dvd.


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Lisa Lillien has the world on a plate. The Los Angeles author and entrepreneur sits atop the multimillion-dollar "Hungry Girl" empire that includes TV shows on the
Her new book, "Hungry Girl to the Max," features 650 guilt-free recipes, many that are fewer than 200 calories per serving. (And mind you, these are not teeny, tiny servings. Lillien hates that.)
This is your ninth cookbook — are you close to running out of recipes?
Not at all. I call this book the Hungry Girl "Bible" because it takes many of the classics and updates them. But many of the recipes are also about reader favorites and what they want. Some people don't want to use artificial sweeteners, for example, so we are going back and retesting recipes for those who want to use real sugar. And we are really blowing out the favorites. We have more than a dozen [baked] onion ring recipes. And tons of Hungry Girl egg mugs and foil packets. [What's an egg mug? Think an omelet microwaved in a mug for maximum portability.]
What's the biggest challenge of trying to meet consumer demands?
They want it all. They want something that tastes good, of course, but they want everything to be easy to make and be done in 15 minutes. At the end of the day, we all struggle with that. We want to eat the food that we want to eat, but we also want to fit into our pants.
You struggled with your weight for years before finding a way of eating that works for you. Are there foods that you simply will not touch?
In general, no. I will eat everything. But I am realistic. I can't remember the last time I ordered a pasta dish at a restaurant. But if I end up in a restaurant known for having the best pasta in the world, I am going to have some of that. I think the trick is finding [tasty, calorie-conscious swaps] for the foods you like, and then enjoying — to a limit — the foods you love.
You get flak in some corners from people who say too many of your recipes involve "fake" foods — processed cheeses or artificial sweeteners, and so on. What do you say to those critics?
I say, "Look at my recipes." Some of the recipes do have artificial sweeteners — but people are looking for recipes that don't use sugar. Many of my recipes use tons of vegetables .... I am not trying to tell people what to eat. I am trying to give them options. And this new book has plenty of fresh ingredients. [One Hungry Girl recipe that we loved, the vegetarian Bella Asada fajitas, features corn tortillas piled sky high with sliced portabello mushrooms, peppers, onions, tomatoes and homemade lime-and-cilantro guacamole. One serving — made up of a tummy-filling three fajitas — sets you back just 275 calories.]
We know how you handle the food end of the health-and-fitness equation, so what do you do to work out?
Exercise is so important. Working out is key. For me, it's all about doing something I enjoy. I like walking on a treadmill while I watch TV. I get something loaded up on the


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16 U.S. Code § 460n–4 - Hunting, fishing and trapping
§ 460n–4.
Hunting, fishing and trapping
The Secretary of the Interior shall permit hunting, fishing, and trapping on the lands and waters under his jurisdiction within the recreation area in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations of the United States and the respective States: Provided, That the Secretary, after consultation with the respective State fish and game commissions, may issue regulations designating zones where and establishing periods when no hunting, fishing, or trapping shall be permitted for reasons of public safety, administration, or public use and enjoyment.
(Pub. L. 88–639, § 5, Oct. 8, 1964, 78 Stat. 1040.)
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Winnebago Australia is Now Avida Motorhomes
February 20, 2013 by RVBusiness · Comments Off on Winnebago Australia is Now Avida Motorhomes
RV builder Winnebago Australia has officially changed its name to Avida Motorhomes, following a legal dispute with Forest City, Iowa-based Winnebago Industries Inc. over the name of the company.
SmartCompany.com reported that the Australian firm is currently appealing a Federal Court decision which last year found it had infringed the copyright of the American company and had capitalized and taken advantage of the company's brand.
An appeal has been launched, but isn't due to be heard until March 26 and a decision may not be reached until June. For now, the company has changed its name to Avida Motorhomes.
Avida sales and marketing manager Max Mayo told SmartCompany that changing the name was a difficult process.
"Everyone is used to Winnebago so it was very hard," he said. "When determining what the name was about we employed a professional branding company and discussed the psychology of names."
In a statement, the company said Avida is "a brand name that is totally Australian, one that focuses on everything Australian."
The name change follows a volatile legal battle. Bruce Binns owns the Australian company and Justice Lindsay Foster found Binns, through his company Knott Investment, acted knowingly to gain financially from the reputation of Winnebago Industries.
"I find that, by choosing to exploit the Winnebago name and the Winnebago logos, he was intending to gain for himself as much benefit as possible in Australia from the goodwill and reputation of Winnebago and its recreational vehicles," Binns said.
"His decision was motivated by a keen appreciation that he and his associates would gain financial benefit from using the Winnebago marks in Australia."
The family owned and operated company began in 1965, but it wasn't until 1978 it became Winnebago Australia.
A settlement agreement was reached between the Australian and American brands in September 1992 and Binns registered Winnebago as a trademark in Australia. But legal action soon followed.


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Last edited by AaronMaxwell; April 6th, 2013 at 12:07 PM.
Sounds like a match made in heaven!
\"Those of us that had been up all night were in no mood for coffee and donuts, we wanted strong drink.\"
Hey, westin.............how come you got straight "A"s and I got a "B" for Foosball ?
After all this is Georgia..............and we did build them the Alabama?
No bloody gratitude mate..... that's what it is........
Last edited by nihil; June 26th, 2012 at 11:22 PM.
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