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BSU Catalog Home | Geography Program | All-University Courses and Descriptions
Check with department for semester when these courses are offered. Read each course description for prerequisites.
1400 WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) A survey of physical, cultural, and economic aspects of world regions. An introduction to how constituent parts of the world differ from one another in their associated resources, cultures and economics. Attention is given to the interrelationships, interdependencies, and associations that bind together the diverse communities of the world. Liberal Education Goal Areas 7 & 8
2100 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) This course is designed for the liberal education program and provides an introduction to spatial patterns derived from earth system processes. The course provides a systematic survey of land forms, weather and climate, soils and vegetation. This course utilizes a combination of in class discussion and laboratory-like exercises to investigate these topics. Liberal Education Goal Area 3 (LL)
2200 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) Emphasizes the study of geographical relationships and interactions of cultural, social, economic, ethnic, and political phenomena. Topical approach to population subgroups, religions, languages, urban and rural settlements, and other attributes of the cultural landscape. Liberal Education Goal Areas 7 & 8
2225 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND REMOTE SENSING (3 credits) Development of understanding and skills necessary for interpreting air photos and remotely sensed images. Prerequisite: GEOG 1224.
2231 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (3 credits) Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable data that traditionally exist in maps or tables to be used in a computerized environment. This allows faster, more accurate, and more complex uses to be made of the information. The course addresses functional aspects of such systems and social and policy oriented implications of this approach to geographical analysis. Practical experience provided. Prerequisite: GEOG 1224 or consent of instructor.
2232 TECHNIQUES IN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (3 credits) A "hands on" approach to understanding both raster and vector based Geographic Information Systems. Prerequisites: GEOG 1224, and GEOG 2231, or consent of instructor.
2300 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) Spatial structure of world economic activities; agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, industry and trade. Liberal Education Goal Area 5
2400 INTRODUCTION TO PLANNING (3 credits) This course is designed for the liberal education program and provides information on the bsackground and fundamentals of the community planning process. Includes discussion of contemporary issues in physical, environmental and social planning. Emphasis is on the local and subregional levels. Liberal Education Goal Areas 5 & 9
2500 POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) This course utilizes "World Systems Theory" to investigate 1) theories of State formation and organization; 2) historical processes of imperialism, colonialism, and decolonization; 3) major issues of the emerging political economy; 4) historical and contemporary geopolitics; and 5) the political geography of everyday life.
2925 PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT: GEOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE (3 credits) An integrative study of the natural, social, value-based, and citizen-action contexts for environmental awareness. The disciplinary component surveys geographic approaches to and institutional settings for environmental problems and decision making, including our spatial behaviors as either sources or recipients of environmental impacts. Interdisciplinary perspectives are evaluated in light of different geographic concepts of spatial distributions, physical geography, and regional planning. Liberal Education Goal Area 10
3100 WEATHER AND CLIMATE (3 credits) Weather elements and world climatic patterns.
3226 CARTOGRAPHY (3 credits) Construction and production of maps with an emphasis on computer-generated thematic maps and graphs. Lecture 3 hours, laboratory 2 hours. Prerequisite: GEOG 1224 or consent of instructor.
3300 GEOGRAPHY AND PLANNING OF OUTDOOR RECREATION (3 credits) An analysis of the use, perception, and planning of recreational resources and landscape amenities, with emphasis on geographical relationships and environmental stewardship. Includes some study out-of-doors. Prerequisite: GEOG 2400 or consent of instructor.
3310 LAND USE ANALYSIS AND PLANNING (3 credits) An examination of the identification and inventory methods of land use analysis including the designing of land use models which are compatible with environmental, social, and economic goals. Prerequisites: GEOG 2100, and GEOG 2400, or consent of instructor.
3320 REGIONAL PLANNING METHODS (3 credits) An examination of the basic planning process, including the development of strategic and comprehensive plans, plan implementation, pertinent legislation, and sources and techniques of funding. Prerequisite: GEOG 2200 or GEOG 2225 or GEOG 2300 or consent of instructor.
3410 GEOGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICA (3 credits) A regional analysis of the physical, demographic, economic and cultural characteristics of the nations in North America.
3460 TEACHING OF MIDDLE AND SECONDARY SCHOOL SOCIAL STUDIES (4 credits) Objectives, activities, methods, and materials in teaching social studies in grades 5-12. Additional laboratory time is required. Prerequisite: ED 3110.
3520 SITE AND RESOURCE ANALYSIS IN OUTDOOR RECREATION PLANNING (3 credits) Techniques and methods in the location, analysis, evaluation, and design of sites. Emphasizes techniques and methods for planning and management of outdoor recreation. Focuses on identifying use potentials and impact limitations for outdoor recreation planning and management. Extensive out-of-doors study. Prerequisites: ENGL 3150, GEOG 3226, and GEOG 3300 or consent of instructor. (Might not be offered every year)
3630/BIOL 3630 CONSERVATION BIOLOGY (3 credits) Methods and theory of conservation biology; species diversity, extinction rates, management of endangered species, and the economics of conservation strategies. Factors of resource exploitation. Methods of wise use of soils, forests, waters, minerals, wildlife and recreational areas.
3800 REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY (1-3 credits) A regional and topical analysis of the cultural and physical features of a continent or major region of the earth. May be repeated provided different regions are involved. Note: Recommended for students in international studies, foreign languages, and for prospective teachers in the humanities or social studies.
3810 GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE (3 credits) A regional analysis of the cultural, economic, physical and landscape patterns of the European cultural region. NOTE: Recommended for students in Euro-Spring, International Studies, foreign languages, and prospective teachers. Liberal Education Goal Area 5
3820 GEOGRAPHY OF ASIA (3 credits) A geographic analysis of the physical, economic and cultural aspects of Asia. NOTE: Recommended for students in international studies, foreign languages, and prospective teachers. Liberal Education Goal Area 8
3840 GEOGRAPHY OF AFRICA (3 credits) Despite persistent bias about it, Africa's cultural complexity, social dynamism, and political/economic struggle have tremendous relevance for the study of global trends at the start of the twenty-first century. The central purpose of this course is to demonstrate that relevance by investigating the cultural, historical, economic, and political dimensions of change in Africa.
4110 ADVANCED PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) Study of the origin and distribution of land-form assemblages with emphasis on the effects of weather and climate on morphology and hydrology. Systematic. Prerequisite: GEOG 2100 or consent of instructor.
4120 URBAN GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) Functions and distribution of cities. Urban sizes, hierarchies, and external relations with the countryside. The central place and other theories of the spacing of cities. Internal structures and functions of cities, the growth of cities, urban slums, urban sprawl, and city planning. Systematic. Prerequisite: GEOG 2200 or consent of instructor.
4190 FIELD GEOGRAPHY (3 credits) Field studies of selected geographic problems. Prerequisite: GEOG 3226 or consent of instructor.
4200 QUANTITATIVE PROCEDURES IN GEOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION (3 credits) Techniques of computer-aided analysis and quantitative methods related to spatial problems. Introduction to geographic source materials. Systematic. Prerequisites: GEOG 3226 or consent of instructor.
4210 THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHIC THOUGHT (3 credits) Development of the discipline of Geography with emphasis on both the historical and recent developments in the field. Includes a critical analysis of writing of representative geographers. Note: Capstone course in the B.A. and B.S., option A. Prerequisite: Senior status geography major or minor.
4233 ADVANCED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) (3 credits) Intermediate and advanced topics in geographic information science and spatial analysis using GIS software. Greater understanding of GIS theory, technology, and applications. Emphasizes software applications in producing various quantitative and thematic maps. Exercises focus on development, management, and analysis of GIS data. (Lecture/Lab) Prerequisites: GEOG 2231 and GEOG 2232.


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Beaumont/Port Arthur
Staci Robinson is furious. She is angry because, according to her, if the Newton County District Attorney's Office has its way, the murder charges pending against the man she believes to be responsible for her sister's death could soon be dropped.
UPDATE: Police seek Joshua Latham, 26, for questioning as a person of interest in the disappearance of Higginbotham.
While we harbor no disrespect for the Wall Street Journal who called us "that scrappy little paper from Southeast Texas," we prefer to think of ourselves as simple seekers of the truth. We're of the opinion that headlines and sound bites never tell the whole story. Our readers demand all the facts, facets and flavors of every story or event. And, they expect to be informed, educated and stirred to action.
For this week's New York Times crossword puzzle, pick up a copy of this week's The Examiner on newsstands now.

subset: commoncrawl


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Date: Feb 24, 2011
Press Release Number: 10-2011
Southwest's Arrival Will Increase Competition And Boost Passenger Growth
Port Authority officials today announced that Southwest Airlines will operate flights from three assigned gates in Newark Liberty International Airport's Terminal A, the final step necessary before the carrier begins operations at the busy hub on March 27.
"The Port Authority is pleased to approve this final step to bring Southwest Airlines to the Newark Liberty market. It will provide greater choice for travelers, increased competition on airline prices and new investment at the airport,'' said David Samson, chairman of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. "The agency welcomes Southwest's business to New Jersey's major airport."
The space for Southwest had been leased since the terminal opened in 1973 by United Airlines, which is providing Gates 10, 14 and 15 in Terminal A's A-1 satellite for use by Southwest under terms of the merger deal between United and Continental Airlines. Southwest will lease slots for 18 daily flights at those three gates.
Six daily Southwest flights to Chicago-Midway and two to St. Louis will commence on March 27 and the carrier will expand service later to four other cities. There will be three daily Southwest flights to both Baltimore and Denver, two to Houston-Hobby and two to Phoenix, as of June 5. These destinations include some of Southwest's largest operations, providing customers with numerous connecting options and more travel choices.
Southwest plans to invest more than $2 million in Terminal A to improve its gate and ticketing space, as well as for branding its name. Currently, the airline offers limited service in the metropolitan area with 10 daily flights at LaGuardia Airport.
"The increased presence of Southwest in the New York/New Jersey aviation market bodes well for increased passenger growth at our facilities,'' said Chris Ward, the Port Authority's executive director. "We want to give passengers as many travel opportunities at the best possible price at our three major airports. This will help achieve these goals and support economic growth in the region.
"Southwest will join the ranks of the great airlines that have served Newark Liberty's passengers since the airport opened in 1928,'' said Bill Baroni, the Port Authority's deputy executive director. "Combined with the merger of United/Continental, Southwest's arrival at Newark Liberty promises a bright future at one of our nation's premier airports."
Under the agreement, Southwest will take over all lease terms for the Terminal A space that applied to United. The Port Authority will receive nearly $2 million in incremental rentals over the remainder of the lease, which expires in 2018.
Adding Southwest service to Newark Liberty also helps meet goals in the Port Authority's Competition Plan, which must be filed with the Federal Aviation Administration for approval.
Contact: The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
Ron Marsico, 212-435-7777
The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey operates many of the busiest and most important transportation links in the region. They include John F. Kennedy International, Newark Liberty International, LaGuardia, Stewart International and Teterboro airports; AirTrain JFK and AirTrain Newark; the George Washington Bridge and Bus Station; the Lincoln and Holland tunnels; the three bridges between Staten Island and New Jersey; the PATH (Port Authority Trans-Hudson) rapid-transit system; Port Newark; the Elizabeth-Port Authority Marine Terminal; the Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten Island; the Brooklyn Piers/Red Hook Container Terminal; the Port Authority-Port Jersey Marine Terminal and the Port Authority Bus Terminal in midtown Manhattan. The agency also owns the 16-acre World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan. The Port Authority is self-sufficient and receives no tax revenues from either state.


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In yesterday's radio address, John McCain talked about how the energy issue unites foreign and domestic policy. He began with Russia's invasion of Georgia, and explained how that conflict relates to energy and thus to domestic policy:
Georgia stands at a strategic crossroads in the Caucasus. The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, which brings oil from the Caspian to points west, traverses Georgia. And if that pipeline were destroyed or controlled by Russia, European energy supplies would be even more vulnerable to Russian influence.
There are many reasons why the Russian invasion of Georgia is of grave concern to America and to our allies. Above all, Georgia is a struggling democracy where Soviet tyranny is still fresh in memory. And when young democracies are threatened or attacked, and innocent civilians are targeted, they should be able to count on the free world for support and solidarity.
Another very serious concern is the effect of this aggression and conflict on the world energy market. For some time now, I have been making the case for a dramatic acceleration of domestic energy production, primarily on economic grounds. With high prices and growing demand for oil and gas, Americans cannot remain dependent upon others for the most vital of commodities. But now we are reminded that energy policy is also a matter of the highest priority for our nation's security.
McCain aligned himself unequivocally with the "all of the above" approach championed by Congressional Republicans:
All of this only adds to the urgency of producing more of our own energy, including America's enormous oil reserves that lie offshore. We need to drill here and drill now, so that our energy supplies and the strength of our economy do not depend on the decisions or dictates of foreign powers.
On energy policy, my opponent and his allies in Congress offer only half measures or no measures at all — as in their shared opposition to offshore drilling. In the long term, most everyone agrees that America must shift toward alternative energies like wind, solar, tide, hydrogen, and bio-fuels. But my opponent's policies fail to meet the challenges of the immediate future. To achieve energy independence, America will need every resource at our disposal, including nuclear power and the use of our abundant coal supplies that lie from Colorado to West Virginia. America has multiple choices in the great test of energy independence and the right answer is "all of the above."
We can hope, perhaps, that before long "all" will include ANWR, as well.
The Democrats, meanwhile, can no longer take the heat that their unpopular energy policy has generated. Yesterday Nancy Pelosi, like McCain, devoted the Democrats' weekly radio address to energy. Her talk consisted largely of shameless demagoguery, denouncing the "two oil men" in the White House and making the absurd claim that the recent $20 per barrel drop in the price of oil was due to legislation mandating that we stop buying petroleum the the strategic reserve. I sometimes wonder: how does it feel to give a speech that you know will be believed only by the stupid and the completely uninformed? Somehow, Pelosi doesn't seem to mind.
Democratic demagoguery is not newsworthy, of course, and Pelosi's description of the Democrats' energy policy was mostly the same laundry list of fraudulent measures that we have seen over and over: "use it or lose it," "expand" drilling in Alaska's NPR region, where there is actually no drilling going on for reasons the Democrats propose do to nothing about, including the absence of any pipeline there, and so on. The news that came out of Pelosi's address was her reference to offshore drilling:
It will consider opening portions of the Outer Continental Shelf for drilling, with appropriate safeguards, and without taxpayer subsidies to Big Oil.
It is indicative of what thin gruel the Democrats' energy proposals have been that willingness to "consider opening portions" of the OCS constitutes big news. Sources close to Pelosi say that she refers to "several east coast states" that will have the option to allow drilling, but not Florida or California. As we noted here, the oil that can most readily be accessed–in months, not years–is off the coast of California, in an area where drilling would improve the environment by reducing natural seepage of oil.
The Democrats' strategy is obvious. They want to pretend to include some drilling in their legislative package as a fig leaf, when in fact, they do not intend that any such drilling will ever actually occur. Whether the voters will be fooled by this approach is the great unanswered question about November's election.
To comment on this post, go here.


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Stocks are closing modestly higher after big companies including DuPont and Travelers reported earnings that came in ahead of Wall Street's expectations.
The Dow Jones industrial average rose 62 points to close at 13,712 Tuesday.
The Standard & Poor's 500 index rose six to 1,492. The Nasdaq composite average rose eight points to 3,143.
Earnings so far have been strong enough to drive a five-day winning streak for the S&P 500.
Chemical maker DuPont and the insurer Travelers were among the major U.S. companies reporting earnings that beat analysts' estimates. Both stocks rose about 2 percent, lifting the Dow average.
Rising stocks outnumbered falling ones two to one on the New York Stock Exchange. Volume was slightly above the recent average at 3.5 billion shares.


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The standard Perl distribution comes with a debugger, although it's really just another Perl program, perl5db.pl. Since it is just a program, I can use it as the basis for writing my own debuggers to suit my needs, or I can use the interface perl5db.pl provides to configure its actions. That's just the beginning, though. I can write my own debugger or use one of the many debuggers created by other Perl masters.Before You Waste Too Much Time
Before I get started, I'm almost required to remind you that Perl offers two huge debugging aids: strict and warnings. I have the most trouble with smaller programs for which I don't think I need strict and then I make the stupid mistakes it would have caught. I spend much more time than I should have tracking down something Perl would have shown me instantly. Common mistakes seem to be the hardest for me to debug. Learn from the master: don't discount strict or warnings for even small programs.
Now that I've said that, you're going to look for it in the examples in this chapter. Just pretend those lines are there, and the book costs a bit less for the extra half a page that I saved by omitting those lines. Or if you don't like that, just imagine that I'm running every program with both strict and warnings turned on from the command line:
$ perl -Mstrict -Mwarnings program
Along with that, I have another problem that bites me much more than I should be willing to admit. Am I editing the file on the same machine I'm running it on? I have login accounts on several machines, and my favorite terminal program has tabs so I can have many sessions in one window. It's easy to checkout source from a repository and work just about anywhere. All of these nifty features conspire to get me into a situation where I'm editing a file in one window and trying to run it in another, thinking I'm on the same machine. If I'm making changes but nothing is changing in the output or behavior, it takes me longer than you'd think to figure out that the file I'm running is not the same one I'm editing. It's stupid, but it happens. Discount nothing while debugging!
That's a bit of a funny story, but I included it to illustrate a point: when it comes to debugging, Humility is one of the principal virtues of a maintenance programmer.* My best bet in debugging is to think that I'm the problem. That way, I don't rule out anything or try to blame the problem on something else, like I often see in various Perl forums under titles such as "Possible bug in Perl." When I suspect myself first, I'm usually right. Appendix B is my guide to solving any problem, which people have found useful for at least figuring out what might be wrong even if they can't fix it.
{mospagebreak title=The Best Debugger in the World}
No matter how many different debugger applications or integrated development environments I use, I still find that plain ol' print is my best debugger. I could load source into a debugger, set some inputs and breakpoints, and watch what happens, but often I can insert a couple of print statements and simply run the program normally.† I put braces around the variable so I can see any leading or trailing whitespace:
print "The value of var before is [$var]n";
#… operations affecting $var;
print "The value of var after is [$var]n";
I don't really have to use print because I can do the same thing with warn, which sends its output to standard error:
warn "The value of var before is [$var]";
#… operations affecting $var;
warn "The value of var after is [$var]";
Since I've left off the newline at the end of my warn message, it gives me the filename and line number of the warn:
The value of var before is [$var] at program.pl line 123.
If I have a complex data structure, I use Data::Dumper to show it. It handles hash and array references just fine, so I use a different character, the angle brackets in this case, to offset the output that comes from Data::Dumper:
use Data::Dumper qw(Dumper);
warn "The value of the hash is <n" . Dumper( %hash ) . "n>n";
Those warn statements showed the line number of the warn statement. That's not very useful; I already know where the warn is since I put it there! I really want to know where I called that bit of code when it became a problem. Consider a divide subroutine that returns the quotient of two numbers. For some reason, something in the code calls it in such a way that it tries to divide by zero:‡
sub divide
my( $numerator, $denominator ) = @_;
return $numerator / $denominator;
I know exactly where in the code it blows up because Perl tells me:
Illegal division by zero at program.pl line 123.
I might put some debugging code in my subroutine. With warn, I can inspect the arguments:
sub divide
my( $numerator, $denominator ) = @_;
warn "N: [$numerator] D: [$denominator]";
return $numerator / $denominator;
I might divide in many, many places in the code, so what I really need to know is which call is the problem. That warn doesn't do anything more useful than show me the arguments.
Although I've called print the best debugger in the world, I actually use a disguised form in the carp function from the Carp module, part of the standard Perl distribution. It's like warn, but it reports the filename and line number from the bit of code that called the subroutine:
use Carp qw(carp);
printf "%.2fn", divide( 3, 4 );
printf "%.2fn", divide( 1, 0 );
printf "%.2fn", divide( 5, 4 );
sub divide
my( $numerator, $denominator ) = @_;
carp "N: [$numerator] D: [$denominator]";
return $numerator / $denominator;
The output changes to something much more useful. Not only do I get my error message, but carp adds some information about the line of code that called it, and it shows me the argument list for the subroutine. I see that the call from line 4 is fine, but the call on line 5 is the last one before Perl kills the program:
$ perl show-args.pl
N: [3] D: [4] at show-args.pl line 11
main::divide(3, 4) called at show-args.pl line 4
N: [1] D: [0] at show-args.pl line 11
main::divide(1, 0) called at show-args.pl line 5
Illegal division by zero at show-args.pl line 13.
The carp function is the better-informed version of warn. If I want to do the same thing with die, I use the croak function. It gives the same message as carp, but just like die, croak stops the program.{mospagebreak title=Doing Whatever I Want}
I can change the warn and die functions myself by messing with %SIG. I like to use these to peer into code I'm trying to figure out, but I don't use these to add features to code. It's just part of my debugging toolbox.
The pseudokeys __WARN__ and __DIE__ hold the functions that perform those actions when I use the warn or die functions. I can use a reference to a named subroutine or an anonymous subroutine:
$SIG{__DIE__} = &my_die_handler;
$SIG{__DIE__} = sub { print "I'm about to die!" )
Without going through the entire code base, I can change all of the die calls into the more informative croak calls.§ In this example, I preface the subroutine call with an & and no parentheses to trigger Perl's feature to pass on the current argument list to the next subroutine call so croak gets all of the arguments I pass:
use Carp;
$SIG{__DIE__} = sub { &Carp::croak };
die "I'm going now!"; # really calls croak now
If I only want to do this for part of the code, I can use local (since %SIG is a special variable always in main::). My redefinition stays in effect until the end of the scope:
local $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { &Carp::croak };
After either of my customized routines runs, the functions do what they would otherwise do; warn lets the program continue, and die continues its exception processing and eventually stops the program.‖
Since croak reports each level of the call stack and I called it from an anonymous subroutine, I get an artifact in my output:
use Carp;
print "Starting program…n";
$SIG{__DIE__} = sub {
local $Carp::CarpLevel = 0;
foo(); # program dies here
sub foo { bar() }
sub bar { die "Dying from bar!n"; }
In the stack trace, I see a subroutine call from __ANON__ followed by the subroutine calls I expect to bar() and foo():
Starting program…
Dying from bar!
at die.pl line 12
main::__ANON__('Dying from bar!x{a}') called at die.pl line 20
main::bar() called at die.pl line 18
main::foo() called at die.pl line 16
I change my anonymous subroutine to adjust the position in the stack where croak starts its report. I set the value of $Carp::CarpLevel to the number of levels I want to skip, in this case just 1:
$SIG{__DIE__} = sub {
local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1;
Now I don't see the unwanted output:
Starting program…
Dying from bar!
at die.pl line 12
main::bar() called at die.pl line 18
main::foo() called at die.pl line 16
For a real-life example of this in action, check out the CGI::Carp module. Lincoln Stein uses the %SIG tricks to redefine warn and die in a web-friendly way. Instead of an annoying "Server Error 500" message, I can get useful error output by simply loading the module. While loading, CGI::Carp sets $SIG{__WARN__} and $SIG{__DIE__}:
use CGI::Carp qw(fatalsToBrowser);
The fatalsToBrowser function takes over the resulting page to show me the error, but the module has other interesting functions such as set_message, which can catch compile-time errors and warningsToBrowser, which makes the warnings in HTML comments embedded in the output.
Of course, I don't recommend that you use this in production code. I don't want users to see the program's errors. They can be handy when I have to debug a program on a remote server, but once I figure out the problem, I don't need it anymore. By leaving it in there I let the public figure out how I'm doing things, and that's bad for security.{mospagebreak title=Program Tracing}
The Carp module also provides the cluck and confess subroutines to dump stack traces. cluck is akin to warn (or carp) in that it prints its message but lets the program continue. confess does the same thing, but like die, stops the program once it prints its mess.#
Both cluck and confess print stack traces, which show the list of subroutine calls and their arguments. Each subroutine call puts a frame with all of its information onto the stack. When the subroutine finishes, Perl removes the frame for that subroutine, and then Perl looks on the stack for the next frame to process. Alternately, if a subroutine calls another subroutine, that puts another frame on the stack.
Here's a short program that has a chain of subroutine calls. I call the do_it function, which calls multiply_and_divide, which in turn calls the divide. Now, in this situation, I'm not getting the right answer for dividing 4 by 5. In this short example, you can probably spot the error right away, but imagine this is a huge mess of arguments, subroutine calls, and other madness:
use warnings;
use Carp qw(cluck);
print join " ", do_it( 4, 5 ), "n";
sub do_it
my( $n, $m ) = @_;
my $sum = $n + $m;
my( $product, $quotient ) =
multiply_and_divide( [ $n, $m ], 6, { cat => 'buster' } );
return ( $sum, $product, $quotient );
sub multiply_and_divide
my( $n, $m ) = @{$_[0]};
my $product = $n * $m;
my $quotient = divide( $n, $n );
return ( $product, $quotient );
sub divide
my( $n, $m ) = @_;
my $quotient = $n / $m;
I suspect that something is not right in the divide subroutine, but I also know that it's at the end of a chain of subroutine calls. I want to examine the path that got me to divide, so I want a stack trace. I modify divide to use cluck, the warn version of Carp's stack tracing, and I put a line of hyphens before and after the cluck() to set apart its output to make it easier to read:
sub divide
print "-" x 73, "n";
print "-" x 73, "n";
my( $n, $m ) = @_;
my $quotient = $n / $m;
The output shows me the list of subroutine calls, with the most recent subroutine call first (so, the list shows the stack order). The stack trace shows me the package name, subroutine name, and the arguments. Looking at the arguments to divide, I see a repeated 4. One of those arguments should be 5. It's not divide's fault after all:
at confess.pl line 68
main::divide(4, 4) called at confess.pl line 60
main::multiply_and_divide('ARRAY(0x180064c)') called at confess.pl line 49
main::do_it(4, 5) called at confess.pl line 41
9 20 1
It's not a problem with divide, but with the information I sent to it. That's from multiply_and_divide, and looking at its call to divide I see that I passed the same argument twice. If I'd been wearing my glasses, I might have been able to notice that $n might look like $m, but really isn't:
my $quotient = divide( $n, $n ); # WRONG
my $quotient = divide( $n, $m ); # SHOULD BE LIKE THIS
This was a simple example, and still Carp had some problems with it. In the argument list for multiply_and_divide, I just get 'ARRAY(0x180064c)'. That's not very helpful. Luckily for me, I know how to customize modules (Chapters 9 and 10), and by looking at Carp, I find that the argument formatter is in Carp::Heavy. The relevant part of the subroutine has a branch for dealing with references:
package Carp;
# This is in Carp/Heavy.pm
sub format_arg {
my $arg = shift;
elsif (ref($arg)) {
$arg = defined($overload::VERSION) ? overload::StrVal($arg) : "$arg";
return $arg;
If format_arg sees a reference, it checks for the overload module, which lets me define my own actions for Perl operations, including stringification. If Carp sees that I've somehow loaded overload, it tries to use the overload::StrVal subroutine to turn the reference into something I can read. If I haven't loaded overload, it simply interpolates the reference in double quotes, yielding something like the
ARRAY(0x180064c) I saw before.
The format_arg function is a bit simple-minded, though. I might have used the overload module in one package, but that doesn't mean I used it in another. Simply checking that I've used it once somewhere in the program doesn't mean it applies to every reference. Additionally, I might not have even used it to stringify references. Lastly, I can't really retroactively use overload for all the objects and references in a long stack trace, especially when I didn't create most of those modules. I need a better way.
I can override Carp's format_arg to do what I need. I copy the existing code into a BEGIN block so I can bend it to my will. First, I load its original source file, Carp::Heavy, so I get the original definition loaded first. I replace the subroutine definition by assigning to its typeglob. If the subroutine argument is a reference, I pull in Data::Dumper, set some Dumper parameters to fiddle with the output format, then get its stringified version of the argument:
use Carp::Heavy;
no warnings 'redefine';
*Carp::format_arg = sub {
package Carp;
my $arg = shift;
if( not defined $arg )
{ $arg = 'undef' }
elsif( ref $arg )
use Data::Dumper;
local $Data::Dumper::Indent = 0; # salt to taste
local $Data::Dumper::Terse = 0;
$arg = Dumper( $arg );
$arg =~ s/^$VARd+s*=s*//;
$arg =~ s/;s*$//;
$arg =~ s/'/'/g;
$arg = str_len_trim($arg, $MaxArgLen);
$arg = "'$arg'" unless
$arg =~ /^-?[d.]+z/;
$arg =~ s/([[:cntrl:]]|[[:^ascii:]])/sprintf("\x{%x}",ord($1))/eg;
return $arg;
I do a little bit of extra work on the Dumper output. It normally gives me something I can use in eval, so it's a Perl expression with an assignment to a scalar and a trailing semicolon. I use a couple of substitutions to get rid of these extras. I want to get rid of the Data::Dumper artifacts on the ends:
$VAR = … ; # leave just the …
Now, when I run the same program I had earlier, I get better output. I can see in elements of the anonymous array that I passed to multiply_and_divide:
at confess.pl line 65
main::divide(4, 4) called at confess.pl line 57
main::multiply_and_divide([4,5]) called at confess.pl line 46
main::do_it(4, 5) called at confess.pl line 38
9 20 1
The best part of all of this, of course, is that I only had to add cluck in one subroutine to get all of this information. I've used this for very complex situations with lots of arguments and complex data structures, giving me a Perl-style stack dump. It may be tricky to go through, but it's almost painless to get (and to disable, too).{mospagebreak title=Safely Changing Modules}
In the previous section I changed &Carp::format_arg to do something different. The general idea is very useful for debugging since I'm not only going to find bugs in the code that I write, but most often in the modules I use or in code that someone else wrote.
When I need to debug these things in other files, I want to add some debugging statements or change the code somehow to see what happens. However, I don't want to change the original source files; whenever I do that I tend to make things worse no matter how careful I am to restore them to their original state. Whatever I do, I want to erase any damage I do and I don't want it to affect anyone else.
I do something simple: copy the questionable module file to a new location. I set up a special directory for the debugging section just to ensure that my mangled versions of the modules won't infect anything else. Once I do that, I set the PERL5LIB environment variable so Perl finds my mangled version first. When I'm done debugging, I can clear PERL5LIB to use the original versions again.
For instance, I recently needed to check the inner workings of Net::SMTP because I didn't think it was handling the socket code correctly. I choose a directory to hold my copies, in this case ~/my_debug_lib, and set PERL5LIB to that path. I then create the directories I need to store the modified versions, then copy the module into it:
$ export PERL5LIB=~/my_debug_lib
$ mkdir -p ~/my_debug_lib/Net/
$ cp `perldoc -l Net::SMTP` ~/my_debug_lib/Net/.
Now, I can edit ~/my_debug_lib/Net/SMTP.pm, run my code to see what happens, and work toward a solution. None of this has affected anyone else. I can do all the things I've already showed in this chapter, including inserting confess statements at the right places to get a quick dump of the call stack. Every time I wanted to investigate a new module, I copied it into my temporary debugging library directory.
Please check back next week for the conclusion to this article.


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Judge Linda Armstrong heard the following cases during Anderson District Court proceedings on Feb. 23.
Carrie Linzy, arraignment, two counts of theft by deception (less than $500) – pleaded guilty, $183, installment/deferred payment May 31.
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February 12. 2014 11:36PM
Officials: Tax exemptions make Manchester magnet for elderly, veterans and the disabled
Staff Report
— More than 2 percent of potentially taxable income in the city is eaten up by exemptions for the elderly, veterans and disabled people, a percentage far higher than other cities and towns, according to data compiled by city officials.
Some of the most generous exemptions go to disabled people, according to Robert Gagne, chairman of the city Board of Assessors. Disabled people qualify for a property-tax exemption as long as their income does not exceed $100,000 and their assets, not including their home, don't top $200,000.
The income limits in most other towns is far lower. The towns with the next highest, Candia and Merrimack, give exemptions to those making $50,000 or less. Bedford's is $35,000, and many towns offer none.
"We have people moving out of Derry and other towns and buying property in Manchester to apply for the exemption because it's not offered elsewhere," Gagne told aldermen who sit on the Committee on Administration and Information Systems.
The value of all optional exemptions and credits cost the city $5.52 million last year.
Facing a budget that is expected to be tight, city officials are looking at ways to find money other than raising the tax rate, which is limited by a tax cap.
Another idea is a $10 annual tax that the city can levy on any adult between the ages of 18 and 65. The city's Tax Collector estimated it could raise more than $600,000.
The resident tax was mandatory until 1986, when the Legislature made it optional. Manchester was one of the first cities to opt out. Collections was a big reason, said one veteran city official.
"It was logistically difficult, mailing bills and if the people had left (the city) we had no way of knowing," said Paul Martineau, the city's welfare commissioner who was an assessor in 1986.
Martineau said the city often over-estimated collections and would have to make up the money somewhere else when the revenue fell short. Martineau said the assessors would periodically abate, or wipe out, uncollected resident taxes.
In his presentation Wednesday, Gagne said Manchester ranks near the top of all New Hampshire communities when it comes to the exemptions and credits it offers its elderly, disabled and veterans.
Exemptions comprise 2.2 percent of the city's tax base, according to a compilation made by the city of Concord. Nashua followed at 1.6 percent. The lowest was Loudon, at 0.1 percent."The disabled exemption seems to be way out of whack," said Alderman Pat Long, who asked for more information on the exemptions. But he, like Alderman Barbara Shaw, said he'd like to make it easier for elderly people to obtain exemptions.
They said the income limitation — $32,000 for a single person and $45,000 for a married couple — should be increased to $35,000 for a single person. The limit was last set in 2006.
Other possible revenue generators:
• Boat registrations. The city Tax Collector could receive $40,000 a year if it processed boat registrations;
• Auto registration renewals. The Tax Collector could generate $80,000 if it levied a $1 fee on residents when they renewed their auto registration;
• Town Clerk fee. The city could generate $108,000 if it doubled a $1 fee for the registration renewals, transfers and new registrations. The drawback — the law would have to be changed;
• and advertising. Ads could be distributed with city registrations, and the city could distribute pouches for registration paperwork that included advertising. Potential income — $50,000.


text:
FERC decision a boost to renewable energy in New EnglandBy DAVE SOLOMON
New Hampshire Union Leader
March 19. 2018 9:14PM
The New England power grid will soon become the first in the country to include renewable generation as part of the bidding process by power supply owners to provide energy three years down the road.
In a 56-page ruling issued on March 9, the five-member Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approved the plan, with one member dissenting.
The idea that state-sponsored renewable energy projects, like the Massachusetts request for proposals that was initially won by Northern Pass, would compete with nuclear, oil or coal-fired power plants in the market for future capacity was considered free-market heresy not long ago.
But with New England states promoting and subsidizing renewable energy in a variety of ways, the operator of the regional power grid, ISO-NE, proposed a way to integrate renewable generation into what is called the Forward Capacity Auction — an annual event in which power supply owners bid on the price ISO will have to pay them to guarantee they'll be around three years down the road.
The collective cost to ratepayers of securing that "future capacity" had hovered around $1 billion a year since 2010. It shot up to $3 billion in 2017 and in 2018 will hit $4 billion.
The power plants will get that money in addition to whatever profit they make from the actual sale of electricity.
The owners of the Seabrook Station nuclear power plant, for example, will get $143 million in 2018 from New England ratepayers just for promising to stay on line.
The Merrimack Station coal-fired plant in Bow, recently sold off by Eversource, only runs during the coldest days of the year, yet will still receive payments totaling $50.7 million this year.
The high cost of this "insurance" for future energy supply is attributed to the fact that the supply of electricity in the region is diminishing as old plants retire and new projects can't get off the ground, all while energy demand is increasing.
The Competitive Auctions with Sponsored Policy Resources (CASPR) proposed by ISO and now approved by FERC adds a new twist to the acquisition of future power supply for the region.
CASPR will enable state-sponsored hydro, wind, solar or biomass projects to buy out the forward capacity contracts of fossil fuel or nuclear plants whose owners want to retire them earlier than the existing capacity contract would allow.
The trade association representing power plant owners supports the change, albeit with reservations.
According to the FERC order, "The New England Power Generators Association asserts that the entry of subsidized resources will still put downward pressure on auction clearing prices, but nonetheless supports CASPR as a measure made necessary by the New England states' increasing interest in subsidizing certain resources to carry out clean, renewable and alternative energy laws."
Commissioner Robert F. Powelson dissented in the 4-1 vote.
"The two goals that CASPR tries to achieve are fundamentally in conflict and cannot coexist in one market," he wrote.
Powelson predicted that state-subsidized renewable generation would benefit, while the incentives for private investors to build new power plants or keep old ones operating will be constrained.


text:
2D Programming
Posts: 51
Joined: 2009.02
Joined: 2009.02
AnotherJake Wrote:No, you don't get iPhone APIs or Objective-C with GLUT. I'm not trying to counter your Jeff LaMarche suggestion if that's what you're implying -- Aaron put up code (which he has since removed) which used GLUT and needed some help with that.
I was just curious. I was trying to figure out how you made a game if you start with GLUT.
Posts: 3,591
Joined: 2003.06
Joined: 2003.06
You can make a game with GLUT, but it's limited as far as the support it provides, although you can use OpenAL for audio. Also, it doesn't work on iPhone. Gotta go with SDL for more support, or Cocoa/Cocoa Touch if you want full support for Mac or iPhone. GLUT's great for learning on the Mac though since it's about as simple an environment to set up as you can get for OpenGL.
Posts: 260
Joined: 2005.05
Joined: 2005.05
There is GLUT|ES, http://glutes.sourceforge.net/, but it doesn't seem to support iPhone yet, only MS platforms. (Sigh.)
Posts: 1
Joined: 2009.05
Joined: 2009.05
Aaron what part of Knoxville do you live? Hit me up....


text:
For some performance issues I do Analyze the tables and Rebuild the indexes on a medium size database.
Some of the tables have 50 million+ rows.
I am wondering if it will Analyze the tables faster if I rebuild the indexes first or vice versa or does it not matter at all as both will have to scan the entire table anyway (for Compute Statistics)
- Rajeev


text:
OCRACOKE, N.C. (AP) — Power has been restored on Ocracoke Island and officials have reopened the remote Outer Banks town to visitors after Hurricane Arthur slammed the island.
Tideland EMC said its crews had to repair 45 utility poles damaged by the Category 2 storm. The power was turned back on over the whole island Saturday night.
Road crews also repaired some damage on North Carolina Highway 12, which links Ocracoke to its ferry terminal.
Now that the electricity is on, ferry service has resumed and the state of emergency on the island has been lifted.
Ocracoke Island is only accessible by boat and plane.
Crews fixed NC 12 on Hatteras Island Saturday, reopening the island to visitors.
Arthur moved over the Outer Banks early Friday with winds of nearly 100 mph.


text:
Jake Weimer -- Shoulder and Wrist
Comment: The Monster Kawasaki rider went down in practice and popped his shoulder out, and also chipped a bone in his hand. He's out for tonight's San Diego SX. More information will be available after he visits his doctors later this week.
Trey Canard – Broken Arm
Comment: Team Honda Muscle Milk's Trey Canard suffered a broken arm over Thanksgiving weekend while testing and had surgery to put a plate in the arm. The latest report was Canard was hoping to return at Dallas, but we've heard that may now be delayed.
Matt Goerke – Broken Finger
Comment: Goerke broke his index finger on his clutch hand at Anaheim 1 and has since had minor surgery. He will continue racing as he recovers.
Cody Gilmore – Broken Collarbone
Comment: Gilmore suffered a broken collarbone in practice at Anaheim 2. He underwent surgery to have a plate put in and is expected back at Dallas.
Josh Grant – Torn Shoulder Muscle
Comment: Grant suffered a torn muscle in his shoulder in practice at round two in Phoenix. He tried to race through the pain, but he wasn't able to perform to his potential and will take some time off to recuperate. There is currently no timetable on his return. While he heals Phil Nicoletti will sub in for him.
Josh Hill – Broken Collarbone
Comment: Hill broke his collarbone in Oakland, but is riding at press day and is expected to race this weekend.
Austin Howell – Lacerated Spleen, Punctured and Collapsed Lung, Bruised the other Lung, Broken Ribs, Fractured Collarbone, Fractured C-3 in Neck, Surgery on Wrist
Comment: Howell says everything is healing up well and hopes to be back racing by Dallas. If he's unable to return in that general timeframe he says he'll focus on being in top shape for the Nationals.
Dillon Huddleston – Broken Thumb
Comment: Privateer Dillon Huddleston broke his left thumb at Phoenix. He will miss San Diego.
Ben LaMay – Dislocated Wrist, Broken Upper Jaw, Broken Eye Socket
Comment: LaMay suffered a big crash right before Anaheim and has been out of action since. LaMay sustained some ligament damage that is slowing his recovery, but hopes to be back by Detroit.
Davi Millsaps – Torn ACL
Comment: Millsaps tore his ACL this off-season at Milestone and had surgery in mid-December. At Anaheim 2, Millsaps announced that he hopes to return to racing in Atlanta.
Broc Schmelyun – Broken Legs
Comment: Pennsylvania privateer Broc Schmelyun will miss all of Monster Energy Supercross after breaking both legs in a late December practice crash.
Shane Sewell – Broken Foot
Comment: Shane Sewell broke his foot at Anaheim 1 during the second 450SX heat and will miss San Diego.
Broc Tickle – Sprained Wrist, Bruised Ribs, and Hurt Hand
Comment: After going down hard at A2, Tickle had another big crash in Oakland. Whether or not he would race at A3 ended up being a game-time decision, but Tickle ended up toughing it out. He will be racing in San Diego.
Blake Baggett – Broken Foot
Comment: Monster Energy/Pro Circuit Kawasaki's Blake Baggett suffered a broken foot testing this off-season. He has resumed riding and will be ready to race for the start of the Eastern Regional 250SX Championship.
Zach Bell – Broken Collarbone
Comment: Bell was claimed by the tricky triple-triple-triple section featured in Phoenix. The bone, which required surgery, was broken in three places and will sideline Bell until Lucas Oil Pro Motocross.
Justin Bogle – Five Broken Vertebra and Broken Shoulder Blade
Comment: GECIO Honda's Justin Bogle suffered a huge crash at the team's Milestone test track in early December—he reportedly caught a footpeg while scrubbing a triple—and suffered five broken vertebra and a broken shoulder blade. Bogle is back on the bike and is expected to be on the line at the Eastern Regional 250SX opener in Dallas.
Darryn Durham – Concussion
Comment: Durham had a big crash in practice at A2 and was knocked out. Durham will sit out San Diego and will race again when the Western Regional 250SX Championship resumes in Houston.
Casey Hinson – Crushed and Dislocated Right Wrist, Fractured Left Hand and Fractured Face
Comment: Privateer Casey Hinson is hoping to return late in the series after a December practice crash where he reportedly clipped a landing in a rhythm section and went headfirst into the ensuing jump.
Marvin Musquin – Torn ACL
Comment: Red Bull KTM's Marvin Musquin suffered a torn ACL in early December and will miss the start of the East Region. Musquin has already undergone surgery in his home country of France and is now in the process of rehabbing his knee.
Zach Osborne – Broken Collarbone
Comment: Osborne sustained two small fractures in his clavicle at A3 during practice. He will miss San Diego but is expected to be ready when the Western Regional 250SX championship resumes in Houston.
Austin Politelli – Broken Femur
Comment: Privateer Austin Politelli suffered a broken femur while testing at Milestone the week before Phoenix. No timetable has been set for his return.
Joey Savatgy – Broken Wrist, AC Separation, Broken Ribs and Partially Collapsed Lungs
Comment: The 2013 SX Rookie of the Year is expected to miss some time on the Eastern Region after a huge crash at Milestone in early December resulted in a broken wrist, an AC separation, broken ribs and partially collapsed lungs.


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Engineering Drawing
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text:
Rockingham County jail superintendent: Inmate trusty program successfulBy JASON SCHREIBER
Union Leader Correspondent
July 24. 2013 9:27PM
BRENTWOOD — The head of the Rockingham County jail insists that a program allowing trusted inmates to perform maintenance and other jobs at the county complex and local police departments has had many success stories, but he admits that its future may be in jeopardy after a break-in at the East Kingston Police Department.
"This is a very successful program. There are many more success stories that nobody ever hears about," Superintendent Stephen Church said Wednesday.
The inmate trusty program has come under fire since county investigators revealed allegations against inmate Jarred Brisbois, a trusty accused of breaking into an evidence room to steal heroin and an officer's locker where a firearm, Taser, handcuffs and other belongings were stored.
Brisbois is also believed to have driven a police cruiser.
Authorities say the break-in, which may have compromised criminal cases being prosecuted by East Kingston, allegedly occurred when East Kingston police left Brisbois alone at the police station for several hours.
Brisbois was a trusted inmate who earned the privilege to leave the jail for part of his day to work at a police department under supervision.
Trusties are widely used at the Rockingham County Nursing Home to handle jobs like laundry, washing dishes, mowing lawns and other maintenance work.
They're also used at other county facilities and at eight police departments in Rockingham County.
Church would not comment on the details of the East Kingston incident, which is being investigated by the Rockingham County Sheriff's Department and the Rockingham County Attorney's Office.When asked if the break-in could threaten the future of the trusty program, Church said, "I think it's a possibility."
He added, "There's a lot of underlying circumstances surrounding this particular incident."
Church said the inmates — all of whom are considered nonviolent and are serving sentences of a year or less — must be supervised by the police departments that take them. However, he acknowledged that the level of supervision varies from one agency to another."The level of supervision may vary depending on a lot of situations. It works well in most instances," Church said.
The program was suspended after the East Kingston incident, but it started up again recently even though the investigation continues and charges have not yet been filed against Brisbois.
Despite problems with trusties stealing, smuggling drugs into the jail and even attempting to walk away from their job sites over the years, Church defended the program and pointed out the benefits to taxpayers and the inmates themselves.
"Are there problems that happen once in a while? Absolutely. Whatever those reasons are we always thoroughly investigate. In my 25 years I've been here, it's been an extremely successful program," Church said.
The program saves county and municipal tax dollars because it cuts down on the need for maintenance staff, according to Church.
The Rockingham County Nursing Home saves an estimated $500,000 to $600,000 a year by using trusties.
Over the course of a year, Church said the number of hours worked by the trusties around the county complex in Brentwood amounts to 18 full-time employees.
Officials from local police departments that use trusties said they also save because they don't have to hire janitorial staff to mow grass, clean windows and wash cruisers. The departments are only required to transport them and give them lunch; the county pays them $1 a day.Church said the program is also helpful because it's one way to help reintegrate inmates into employment and the world outside the jail. It also shows them another side of law enforcement.
"When their sentences are up, I'm going to be putting them back in your community. They're going to be at your schools with your children. These are the prisoners who are your neighbors," Church said.
Crime, law and justice Public Safety Brentwood East Kingston


text:
About a week after my nursling turns two, and about 3 weeks from today, I will be having a serious jaw surgery. I'm quite worried about how this will effect bfing. Now, I had been planning to wean slowly after his second birthday, but I didn't want to do it cold turkey like this surgery might require. I would have started weaning him sooner, but a death in my family distracted me from that. I need a plan for how to deal with the weaning, surgery, etc. Not just hpw to wean, but also how to help my very attached tot deal with me being out of commission for a few days and how painkillers will come into play.
Thanks, All!


text:
Name: Amanda Brand
Hometown: Queens, N.Y.
Current city: New York, N.Y.
Occupation: Massage therapist
"My mother's always yelling at me, 'How are you supposed to find a man?'... I tell her, I'm like, 'I'm not interested in men.' "
Amanda is gay. Her family is Catholic, and when she was a teenager, her parents were convinced she was only going through a phase. Back then, Amanda recorded a diary about coming out to her parents and to the world. "When I was in first grade, I remember one day we were playing a game that was kind of like Sleeping Beauty, where like the prettiest girl on the block fell asleep on a picnic bench. And you know, somebody had to go and wake her up, to like, kiss her and revive her, and it would always be one of the boys. And I always felt like I wanted to go and revive her."
Amanda sat down again with her mother and father, in the same house where she grew up, to revisit her tumultuous teen years. Not only have her parents accepted her sexuality, they've even helped counsel other families dealing with the same thing. Her mother says, "We were brought up being taught differently, but I think we as a family have really evolved."
On recording her teen audio diary:
"It was strange to carry around this big tape recorder. It was a big clunky clumsy thing, but I'm really proud of what became of it and the results from the whole experience."
Produced for All Things Considered by Joe Richman and Sarah Kate Kramer of Radio Diaries, edited by Deborah George and Ben Shapiro.
You can subscribe to the Radio Diaries podcast at NPR.org.
From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Audie Cornish.
And I'm Melissa Block. On this program in 1996, we introduced a series of teenagers. They had been given tape recorders and the chance to tell their own stories.
AMANDA BRAND: Hello? Nope, wrong button. There. Hello?
JOSH: I'm going to do the introduction now. Hi, my name is Josh.
BLOCK: My name is Amanda.
MELISSA RODRIGUEZ: My name is Melissa Rodriquez.
FRANKIE: Hi, my name is Frankie and I'm going to give you a little tour of my Cadillac here.
JUAN: Here I am. My name is Juan, and I'm here in the U.S.
JOSH: It's my radio show, thank you.
BLOCK: Teenagers telling their own stories about teen pregnancy, living illegally in the U.S., life with Tourette's syndrome, and the struggles of a losing high school football season. Well, this week, in a new series we're calling Teenage Diaries Revisited, we return to Josh, Juan, Frankie, Melissa and today Amanda, whom we first met in 1996, when she was 17.
AMANDA BRAND: Who has that cigarette?
UNIDENTIFIED GIRL #2: Me.
AMANDA BRAND: Give it to me.
UNIDENTIFIED GIRL #3: Is it bad?
AMANDA BRAND: Oh, yes.
UNIDENTIFIED GIRL #2: That's all you do.
UNIDENTIFIED GIRL #3: Let me try it. Let me try it.
AMANDA BRAND: Oh, God.
Fridays and Saturday nights, we just drive around like a bunch of lowlifes, looking for things to do.
NIRVANA: (Singing) But I can't see you every night...
AMANDA BRAND: Who are these people - anybody you know?
BLOCK: Amanda grew up in Queens, in a conservative Catholic family. Back then, she told her story about coming out to her parents.
AMANDA BRAND: Yeah? That's my mother, making coffee.
AMANDA BRAND: Excuse me. God, I burp like a fanatic. My mother is always yelling at me - how are you supposed to find a man? There we go again - how are we supposed to find a man. I tell her - I'm like, I'm not interested in men, you know? (Laughter) And she just like - she's like, all right, whatever.
BLOCK: And Amanda Brand is here, 17 years later; here in the studio with me. Amanda, it's great to see you.
AMANDA BRAND: Nice to see you. too, Melissa.
BLOCK: The story - your teenage diary that you did was all about your talking to your parents about your sexuality, as a gay - or as you thought then, bisexual teenager. What's it like to listen to that now?
AMANDA BRAND: It feels good to listen to it now because I feel like now, I'm in such a better place.
BLOCK: So a lot has happened in 17 years.
AMANDA BRAND: For sure.
BLOCK: We brought you in Amanda, we should explain, because we are having you help us introduce a series that are going to be airing all week. It's from independent producer Joe Richmond of Radio Dairies, and we're calling it Teenage Diaries Revisited. Joe has once again given recorders to you, and to some of the other former teen diarists. And you're going to be telling new stories all this week, on ALL THINGS CONSIDERED.
But let's think back to the first recordings you made. What sorts of things were you recording back then?
AMANDA BRAND: Well, everything and anything, you know, because we really didn't know what was going to develop. So it was just basically what I looked like and, you know, what me and my friends and my sister were doing at the time with our extra time. And my girlfriend at the time, what she looked like, and our relationship. And then, of course, what my parents' opinions were.
BLOCK: And your dad didn't have much to say. But your mom had a lot to say about that. And I want to play one scene that's really the central point of your radio diary, when you're talking with your mother about your sexuality. And she's having a very hard time accepting the fact that you're gay. Why don't we take a listen to that?
CATHY BRAND: It's not natural. And I mentioned that to you several times - that is not what God intended.
AMANDA BRAND: You don't know this, but how come when I was like, younger, I felt this way?
CATHY BRAND: All girls go that way.
AMANDA BRAND: Since I was in first grade?
CATHY BRAND: Yes, little girls feel that way all the time.
AMANDA BRAND: You felt that way, too.
CATHY BRAND: Yes, that's common.
AMANDA BRAND: How do you feel about it, Dad?
AL BRAND: About what?
AMANDA BRAND: How do you feel about me?
AL BRAND: Fine. What about it?
AMANDA BRAND: Sexuality wise.
AL BRAND: Oh, you're 17 years old. You're not definite. You're not formed in your ways.
CATHY BRAND: Someone at 17 does not know what is at the other end of the line - anybody.
AMANDA BRAND: How do you know?
CATHY BRAND: (Laughter) There's just not enough life that you've seen. You haven't seen enough. You haven't done enough. You have not lived.
AMANDA BRAND: Well, over two years and five months have gone by, and that's what I believe.
CATHY BRAND: I think if a good fella came by and really treated you right, your mind will switch.
AMANDA BRAND: My mind will switch - so it's all in my mind?
CATHY BRAND: It is. It's all in your mind right now. You just don't say, well, this is how I feel, and that's just - this is how I'm going to be for the rest of my life.
AMANDA BRAND: I'm not saying that's how I'm going to be for the rest of my life. And I'm not saying that I'm not going to have sex with a guy. I'm saying that I do - I want to go and have sex with a guy. It's not happened yet.
CATHY BRAND: Well, I hope not.
AMANDA BRAND: No, it's not. But I mean, I'm going to. I'm not going to like, deny myself of that.
CATHY BRAND: Well, that's what I say; don't deny yourself of that. And you may find, when you do that, that your whole outlook may change.
AMANDA BRAND: It's just not like, oh, this is somebody's decision; they don't really know what they want right now. There's guy - I mean, I've been out with guys while I've been going out with Dawn. Dawn's been out with guys while she's been going out with me. I mean, we are so - like, we're really close. And there's like, a love there, more from me towards her than her towards me. You know I mean?
CATHY BRAND: Mm-hmm.
AMANDA BRAND: But we're with each other. You know?
CATHY BRAND: Well, maybe that's just a good friendship. You would love friends.
AMANDA BRAND: Yeah, but I don't do what I do with Dawn, with friends. Do you know what I mean? You don't do what you do with Dad, with friends.
BLOCK: That's Amanda Brand with her mom, at 17. Amanda, I'm watching you as you listen to this and you're - you've been laughing, but your eyes are also tearing up.
AMANDA BRAND: Yeah, they are little bit. It always gets me.
BLOCK: When you listen to that.
AMANDA BRAND: Yeah. Because, you know, she is an amazing person. And she's even more amazing today. And I just wish - I don't know. It's weird for me to even talk about because I have it so good. You know, so many other kids out there - at the age that I was during that time - if they would have come out to their parents, it would've been a whole different situation. You know, they could have gotten kicked out of their house or completely banished from a family, in a sense - right? And I wasn't.
AMANDA BRAND: She was - even though she disagreed with me, she was still so loving and still so, you know, just telling me her raw truth; her raw opinion. And it wasn't to be hurtful to me. It was just to let me know where she's coming from, and how she feels. So looking back at it, as an older person, I feel like, you know, a little bit more comfortable with where she came from.
AMANDA BRAND: All right, I'm just going to record. Dad, give us a little bit of some...
AL BRAND: This is a test of the recording, to see if it records at a good volume.
AMANDA BRAND: And Mom, give us a little something.
CATHY BRAND: This is also a test, coming from the other side of the table.
BLOCK: Amanda recently returned to that same house in Queens to revisit her old radio diary with her parents, and talk about it.
AMANDA BRAND: All right, so we just took a listen to the old story and...
CATHY BRAND: And do you still think it's a phase? (Laughing)
AMANDA BRAND: So we know it's not a phase.
CATHY BRAND: But it did take me a few years to accept the whole thing.
AMANDA BRAND: Well, one of the reasons why I have a little bit of a hard time listening to the story from before is because I feel that even though you love me unconditionally - and you always have - there was that little sting of, you're sick; you're not normal. It kind of hurts to hear that.
CATHY BRAND: You know, we were brought up being taught differently. But I think we, as a family, have really evolved. Everything is changing. I mean, you can even see it in television programs and movies. And it's such an accepted thing. And it's a good thing because now, I see your side.
AL BRAND: You see, you have the personality to be kind of pushing the limits whereas my personality is, work within the system as it exists. So I think that the evolution came about because of people like you, who are pushing the edge; and allowing people like me to grow from within.
AMANDA BRAND: Right. But like, so now, does it make you nervous in any way?
CATHY BRAND: Not at all. As a matter of fact, I am so proud of you that I just brag about you to my friends. And I say, she's gay, you know. And that's fine.
AMANDA BRAND: That's a good answer. That makes me sad, like a good way. But no, that's really nice to hear.
AL BRAND: You know, we hope you continue to be happy, and that you find companionship; and that's what we're looking forward to.
CATHY BRAND: Dad sure is talking a lot more than he did. (Laughing)
AMANDA BRAND: I know, what a turnaround. And what are people going to say?
CATHY BRAND: (Laughing)
AMANDA BRAND: Well, thank you very much.
CATHY BRAND: Well, thank you for opening our eyes.
AMANDA BRAND: Aw, that was nice. Oh, I need to sign off. Hey, this is Amanda Brand. Cathy and Al are my parents - awesome people; supportive, loving, religious. And it's all good. So, Amanda signing out.
BLOCK: Amanda Brand lives now in Greenwich Village. She works as a massage therapist. Her story and our entire series this week, Teenage Diaries Revisited, comes to us from the independent producers at Radio Diaries. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


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Afghan Shias fear further attacks on Ashura
SHAFAQNA – The Afghan capital Kabul braced on Saturday for further possible attacks ahead of Ashura, a day after an attack claimed by Daesh that killed at least five people near a large Shia mosque.
"We are concerned about this. We had internal fighting in the past but never religious fighting," said Arif Rahmani, a member of parliament and a member of the mainly Shia Hazara community that has been particularly targeted, Reuters reported.
The government has provided some basic training and weapons for a few hundred volunteer guards near mosques and other meeting places but many fear that the protection, which covers only some of the city's more than 400 Shia mosques, is insufficient.
In 2011, more than 80 people were killed in Ashura attacks in Kabul and the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif and there have been a string of others since, with 20 people killed in a suicide attack on a mosque in Kabul a month ago.
Friday's attack, by suicide bombers posing as shepherds walking their sheep along a road outside the Husseinya in the Qala-e-Fatehullah area of the city, did not reach the mosque itself but wounded 20 people in addition to the five killed.
No up-to-date census data exists for Afghanistan but different estimates put the size of the Shia community at between 10-20 percent of the population, mostly Persian-speaking Tajiks and Hazaras.
Ashura, on the 10th day of the month of Muharram, marks the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (AS), one of the grandsons of the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), and is marked by large public commemorations by Shia Muslims.
President Ashraf Ghani condemned Friday's attack and said it would not break the unity between religions in Afghanistan.
But at a time when rivalry between the patchwork of different ethnic groups in the country has increasingly come into the open, Rahmani said the evident objective of the attacks was to ratchet up the tensions to create instability.
"In the past, there were warnings that there were groups that wanted to stir ethnic and religious conflict among Afghans but now it is reality," Rahmani said. "There are people who want to create disunity among ethnic and religious groups," he said.


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Canon BJC-8200 Ink CartridgesBack to Ink & Toner Finder
Canon BJC ink cartridges and the Canon BJC 8200 - along with the rest of the Canon BJC series of printers - utilizes an inkjet print engine which Canon has lovingly dubbed "bubble jet technology." In describing its functionality, Wikipedia explains, "To eject a droplet from each chamber, a pulse of current is passed through the heating element causing a rapid vaporisation of the ink in the chamber to form a bubble, which causes a large pressure increase, propelling a droplet of ink onto the paper (hence Canon's tradename of Bubble Jet). The ink's surface tension, as well as the condensation and thus contraction of the vapor bubble, pulls a further charge of ink into the chamber through a narrow channel attached to an ink reservoir." Who knew your Canon BJC 8200 was so complex? Some of that may have flown right over your head, but there's no doubt that the technology revolutionized the printer industry when it was introduced back in the mid 1980s. In fact, Canon's bubble jet technology was so effective that early inkjet printers from Apple and HP were made with Canon print engines at their core.
While the technical explanation of bubble jet technology is a bit confusing, the shopping experience at SuperMediaStore is not. We stock original and compatible Canon BJC ink cartridges designed to fit the Canon BJC 8200 . Simply peruse the list below to find the right Canon BJC ink cartridges for your Canon BJC 8200 .
Sorry, no products are available for this printer.


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Hardcore ero-puzzler Catherine has been judged too sexy for mere Americans, and as a result the game's saucy covers have been given Bowdlerised editions bereft of cleavage climbing.
The Japanese original covers:
The American Edition:
However, Catherine fans can probably relax, as Atlus claims they merely provide the massacred covers for crazy puritan outlets, retaining the originals for normal people:
"In addition to the existing North American covers for Catherine on Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, there will also be modified designs that appear in select markets.
The vast majority of copies available at launch will feature the cover we originally unveiled, essentially the Japanese cover of the game.
A small percentage of copies, however, will feature a cover that is more considerate of certain retailers' broader customer demographic. Fans need not worry; Catherine's cover art is NOT being altered for North America. There is just an extra option being made available for more sensitive shoppers."
Amazon actually stocks both the proper version and the All American edition, bearing out this explanation.
The actual content for all its vaunted sexiness is far tamer than the sort of thing mature western gamers now take for granted, and so should escape any cuts without difficulty.
Catherine ships at the end of July.


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EAST GREENWICH, RI — Dr. Thomas F. Wylie, Senior Vice President and Provost at New England Institute of Technology, announces the following students have achieved dean's list status for the quarter ending Sept. 29. Students must achieve a GPA of 3.6 or higher on a maximum scale of 4.0 to qualify.
Amie Labelle, of Barrington and Andrew Neiman, of Rochester.
WELLESLEY, Mass. — Wellesley College announced the names of the 40 promising young women who make up the 2013 Madeleine Korbel Albright Institute for Global Affairs class. Prerana Nanda, a junior economics major from Durham, is among the Fellows. The women, a select group of juniors and seniors, will spend several weeks in January learning to become global leaders from institute faculty, Distinguished Visiting Professors Henry ("Hank") Paulson and Wendy Judge Paulson '69, and from former Secretary Albright herself.
ROCHESTER, NY — Kenneth Beck, of Rochester, N.H., graduated from Rochester Institute of Technology with a bachelor of science degree in computer science from RIT's B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences in the summer 2012 quarter.
ROCHESTER, NY (12/18/2012)(readMedia)-- The following local residents made the dean's list for fall 2012 quarter at Rochester Institute of Technology:
Lucas Cookman, of New Durham, a first-year student in RIT's Kate Gleason College of Engineering; Natasha Martinez, of Madbury, a second-year student in RIT's B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences; Hannah Palmatier, of Milton Mills, a fourth-year student in RIT's College of Imaging Arts and Sciences; Christopher Parker, of Dover, a first-year student in RIT's Kate Gleason College of Engineering; Zachary Rubeor, of Dover, N.H., a first-year student in RIT's Kate Gleason College of Engineering.
MILLERSVILLE, Penn. — Kirsten Brianna Refsdal, of Madbury, graduated alongside 504 Millersville University of Pennsylvania students during the fall 2012 undergraduate commencement ceremony held on Sunday, Dec. 16 in Millersville's Pucillo Gymnasium. Refsdal graduated earning a bachelor of arts degree in English.


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Police seek help locating Nashua woman missing for more than 2 weeksBy Kimberly Houghton
Union Leader Correspondent
July 12. 2013 12:45PM
NASHUA - A 29-year-old woman has been missing for more than two weeks and police are now asking the public for help.
Sarah McCormack, of 26 Morgan St., has not been seen or heard from since June 26.
"We have no specific cause to believe that she is a victim of a crime," said Lt. Michael Moushegian of the Nashua Police Department. "However, the family is very concerned."
The woman's residence has been checked, and Moushegian said there is no indication of foul play.
Still, police say it is highly unusual for McCormack to not have regular contact with her family. Authorities issued a press release about the missing woman on Friday, asking for the public's help in trying to locate her.
"We are all very interested in this case, and we hope there will be a positive outcome," said Moushegian.
Police stressed that there is no connection to the Charlestown woman, Kelly Robarge, who was missing and recently found dead in the woods in Unity.
All law enforcement agencies in New England have been notified of McCormack's disappearance, and she has been included in the FBI's National Crime Information Center database for missing persons.
Police say McCormack could be driving a grey 1991 Saab 900 with New Hampshire registration 3350437. She is 29-years-old, weighs about 110-pounds and is about 5'1'' with brown hair and hazel eyes.
In a photograph released by police, McCormack has long, wavy hair.
The family has decided to ask the public for help, but at this point is not prepared to speak with the media about McCormack's disappearance, said Moushegian.
"We are in regular contact with the family," he added.
Anyone with information about McCormack is urged to contact police at 603-594-3500, or the Nashua crime line at 603-589-1665.


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Windham group: New school is bad ideaBy APRIL GUILMET
Union Leader Correspondent
February 24. 2013 11:00PM
Longtime town resident Ken Eyring - who formed the Windham Taxpayers Coalition with Rep. Mary Griffin, former Rep. Rick Okerman and local business owner Phil Messina early last month - said he's deeply concerned with "the direction the school district is going with their planning and spending."
The $31 million bond item for the construction of a new school on London Bridge Road for seventh- and eighth-graders was moved to the March ballot following a brief discussion during the school deliberative session earlier this month.
School officials said the district's current facilities are over capacity by several hundred students, with a need for about 26 more classrooms. The new middle school would accommodate around 500 students, with 16 regular classrooms, four lab rooms and several other rooms for special education needs.
Cost estimates total $29.7 million for the new school, with the remainder to fund field improvements such as multi-purpose turf.
But Eyring said those figures don't tell the entire story.
"I think there's a definite disconnect between the school board and the people who live in Windham," he said.
In 2001, the school district's budget was $17.9 million, Eyring said. This year, the budget has increased to more than $45 million. Eyring said interest costs for the new middle school could easily bring that number up to over $50 million by 2015.
"Not only is the cost of the new seventh- and eighth-grade project almost identical to Windham High School, it only provides for half of the grades," he said.
This year's school tax rate is $15.88 per thousand dollars of assessed property value, and if all warrant articles pass, including the school construction item, the 2014 school tax rate would increase to nearly $18.00 per thousand.
In 2015, the rate would increase to $19.70 per thousand. Eyring said that in the worst-case scenario, the project might not be eligible for state building aid, meaning that unlike when the high school was built, taxpayers would be assuming 100 percent of construction costs.
In the best-case scenario, Eyring said, the town's school tax burden would increase by a minimum of nearly $8 million in just three years.
But should the new school open in 2015, coalition members suspect additional tax burdens based on staff operating costs.
"We feel the projected operational costs of the proposed school aren't realistic, and as we move into subsequent years our district will hire many more administrators and educators to fill those classrooms." Eyring said. "Before we go down this path of limitless spending requests, we need to have a well-thought-out vision finding solutions for all of our needs. So why are we building a school for a capacity that may or may not be here 20 years from now?"
The father of a middle school student, Eyring said he realizes there are no simple answers when it comes to balancing fiscal responsibility with the obligation to provide for local children.
"I'm all for having a strong education system, but I'm also for spending wisely," he said.
One potential alternative to a new middle school might be to add a new wing on the existing high school, a solution Eyring believes might be worth researching further.
"There's a lot of issues that need to be considered," he said. "But right now its important to realize the character and nature of our town is at a crossroads. Things are going to change here and maybe not for the better if this new school passes. People just can't afford it."
Resident Bob Bresnahan moved to Windham about six years ago following his retirement. A father of four and grandfather of eight, Bresnahan said he appreciates the importance of providing a good education for the next generation but urges fellow citizens to consider all the factors involved.
"I'm not interested in spending this money until we take a closer look at all the alternatives," Bresnahan said. "The truth is, a tax hike like this is going to cause people like myself to either leave town or suffer devastating consequences."
For more information on the Windham Taxpayers Coalition, visit www.windhamtaxpayers.org.
Voting on all town and school articles will take place on Tuesday, March 12, from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. at Windham High School.


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Oklahoma Christian University alumni Kyle Roberts and Lucas Ross won Emmy Awards at the annual gala for the Heartland Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences on Saturday.
Roberts' honor came for his work as editor and animator for The Oklahoman's commercial, "Thunder in Motion." Click here to watch the award-winning spot.
Roberts double-majored in broadcast journalism and corporate media at Oklahoma Christian, earning his degree in 2007. He is a videographer and editor for The Oklahoman and NewsOK.com and also owns Reckless Abandonment Pictures, which participated in SyFy's "Viral Video Showdown" last year.
"It was such an honor and blessing when they called my name," Roberts said. "The best thing I love about working for The Oklahoman and NewsOK.com is the freedom they give me to think creatively. That's what brought us home the gold!"
Ross won in the "Talent-Performer/Host/Moderator" category for his work with Oklahoma City's KFOR and KAUT television stations. His featured performances include his All in the Family promo, Antenna TV Time Machine campaign spots, Brad Pitt spoofs, banjo songs on KAUT's "Rise and Shine," and sketches for his "2 Movie Guys" show.
Ross, who graduated from Oklahoma Christian with a mass communication/theatre degree in 2003, also won an Heartland Emmy last year for the "2 Movie Guys' Intergalactic Holiday Showdown."
"I'm just so honored to get this award, but moreso to work at a job that allows me to entertain and try to make people happy," Ross said. "OC allowed me a unique experience to learn everything from interviewing to camera work to even making comical Chapel announcements. It's been nearly 10 years since I graduated and I feel like I'm getting to do the same kind of things every day."
The Heartland Emmys recognize excellence in television and media production in the large markets of Denver and Oklahoma City, plus small- and medium-sized markets in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska and Oklahoma.


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While nobody hated the iPad, by any means, the iPad was edged out by some key feedback, said Joel Handler, Hillsborough's director of technology. Students saw the iPad as a "fun" gaming environment, while the Chromebook was perceived as a place to "get to work." And as much as students liked to annotate and read on the iPad, the Chromebook's keyboard was a greater perk - especially since the new Common Core online testing will require a keyboard.
Another important finding came from the technology support department: It was far easier to manage almost 200 Chromebooks than the same number of iPads. Since all the Chromebook files live in an online "cloud," students could be up and running in seconds on a new device if their machine broke. And apps could be pushed to all of the devices with just a few mouse clicks.
Hillsborough educators also tend to emphasize collaboration, and they found that Google's Apps for Education suite - which works on either device - was easier to use collaboratively on Chromebooks.
I'm shocked - shocked! - that a device with a keyboard is more useful in educational settings than a tablet.


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NEW YORK (AP) — A man accused of fatally shooting a gay man walking with a companion in New York City's Greenwich Village afterward claimed that he opened fire because the victim "thought he was tough in front of his bitch," prosecutors said in court papers Tuesday.
Edward Morales also allegedly boasted to police "It's the last thing he'll remember," shortly after his arrest in the hate crime case. In later statements, Morales insisted he couldn't remember what happened and doesn't carry a bias against gays.
"I am not gay," he said, according to court papers. "I don't have a problem with gay people. I have lots of gays in my life."
He added: "This is gonna kill my mom. ... I always hurt her and make bad decisions in life and make her cry."
The purported statements were filed with the court after the 33-year-old Morales pleaded not guilty to second-degree murder as a hate crime in the shooting of Mark Carson. He also is charged with criminal possession of a weapon and menacing.
Prosecutors allege Morales began making a scene in Greenwich Village shortly before midnight on May 17 after a worker chastised him for urinating outside a restaurant. They say he responded by going inside, making anti-gay remarks and threatening to shoot diners.
Once outside, Morales encountered Carson, 32, and another man walking down the street and directed anti-gay slurs at them, authorities say. He followed the men around a corner and, after more insults, shot Carson in the head, prosecutors allege.
The slaying occurred a few blocks from the Stonewall Inn, the site of 1969 riots that helped give rise to the gay rights movement when patrons stood up to police harassment.
"This defendant is charged with targeting and gunning down Mark Carson on the streets of Greenwich Village because of his sexual orientation," District Attorney Cyrus Vance Jr. said in announcing the charges. "Mr. Carson was murdered as he walked through a neighborhood that has long been a center of the gay rights movement and home to many LGBT New Yorkers, as well as a destination for LGBT visitors from around the globe."
Vance added: "Bias-related crimes have no place in New York City."
There was no immediate response to a phone message left Tuesday with Morales' attorney.
Morales is being held without bail.


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So I was ecstatic to find ScummVM for my HP Touchpad (considering the very limited app store available). So I got some Scumm games for my nice long holiday road trip.
I was so happy to have the time to finally play Full Throttle (a game I've put off for far too long). Unfortunately I get to the first motorcycle fight ... And I'm completely stuck. I have tried to learn the controls (single click = left click, double clicks = right click) and it has not helped. The time it takes to double click the other biker to pull off one attack has already hit me twice (and sometimes the right clicks don't always register!) and I lose in a matter of seconds. Yeah, I'm pretty bad at these fight sequences in old Adventure games ...
So I later learned that I could skip these fight sequendes by doing a "Shift+V". I know how to bring up the keyboard ... But there is no actual "shift" key. There is a key with an up arrow, which allows capital letters, but apparently the capital V I click doesnt register this as a "Shift+V" in ScummVM.
Perhaps I'm just dumb and I'm doing something wrong? Is there any way to skip these sequences at all (aside from having to get a Bluetooth keyboard to do a "Shift+V" which I dont have access to anytime soon)? I looked to see if there was any way to simulate "Shift", but I can't find anything.
I am not a WebOS porter or user, but I assume you have checked the notes here:
I suspect this is another annoying issue with mapping keyboard and mouse controlled games onto a Touchscreeen interface!
The WebOS port uses the backend keymapper framework, so you should be able via the Menu to define a mapping in "Remap Keys" to map a button to Shift+V... though I don't have a WebOS device so can't check this out directly.
The WebOS porter (kayahr) may be able to help, but is probably busy IRL as he hasn't been active recently.