text:
Sunday, June 8, 2008
Edwina Froehlich
It is with the deepest sadness that we share with you that Edwina Froehlich, co-Founder of La Leche League International, passed away on June 8, 2008 at Northwest Community Hospital in Arlington Heights, Illinois, USA, after suffering a stroke on May 25. Edwina is survived by her three sons, three daughters-in-law and nine grandchildren as well as her many friends and the organization she helped found.
Funeral and memorial arrangements are pending. Please visit www.llli.org/edwina.html for more information. If you wish, please click the "comments" link below to leave a message as an online memorial to Edwina.
Jane Tuttle, Chairman of the Board
Barbara Emanuel, Executive Director
116 comments:
- Jennifer said...
Thank you, Edwina. I will light a candle today for the light you helped to bring to the world.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:08 AM
- Carissa said...
Thank you Edwina, for all you have done for mothers around the world. Your life was an inspiration and your passion touched so many people.
Our thoughts and prayers are with Edwina's family.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:11 AM
- JJ said...
I have an informal web site that I set up for memories and pictures. You can view it at http://www.carolinasunshine.org/Edwina/edwina.html. There's a reference to a recently taken video, posted on another provided link, and it is really amazing. Taken at the MI Area Conference. Edwina was an incredibly beautiful person. Inside and out. Janet Jendron, South Carolina, USA.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:16 AM
- rachaelward said...
May your family find strength in this difficult time.
Thank you for all you have done for mothers and children.
Your spirit lives on through so many.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:23 AM
- Yael said...
Edwina: your spirit, knowledge, encouragement, and love have touched mothers and babies around the world. What an amazing life accomplishment.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:48 AM
Edwina, your memory is among the righteous. To your beloved family and all of the women around the world who considered you their LLLI mother and grandmother, may you find comfort among those who are bereaved, among us and the people of the world.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:51 AM
- Yanet said...
Thanks to Edwina, for making the world a bit better, one baby at a time. She lives in the life of so many people, including my own family.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:57 AM
- Rebecca said...
With gratitude and awe for the world that you did so much to change. My thoughts and prayers are with all who will miss you.
- June 8, 2008 at 11:02 AM
Thank you, Edwina for making breastfeeding a reality for so many mom's in a society that doesn't always valued the power of mother's milk. LLL was a great support to me as a first time breastfeeding mother and stay-at-home mom. My heart and prayers are with you and your family. May you rest in peace and know that your dream lives on.
Krystal, Springfield, VA
- June 8, 2008 at 11:02 AM
- Cecilia said...
Edwina, you are an example for all generations to come, you have made a better place for millions of families, we carry you in our hearts, may you rest in peace,
- June 8, 2008 at 11:12 AM
- Wayne said...
Thank you, Edwina, for being such an inspiration to us all and freeing families to follow their hearts.
With love and gratitude to you and your family,
The Eury Family
- June 8, 2008 at 11:21 AM
Edwina, you changed the world and left it a better place for having been here. It has been a blessing to know you and to work with your daughter-in-law, Marilyn in my tenure with LLL.
With gratitude to your family for sharing you so generously with the LLL world.
- June 8, 2008 at 11:30 AM
- deirdre said...
Thank you, Edwina. Your spirit will indeed live on, your legacy can be found in all corners of the globe. Your family were so blessed, we hope they take some comfort knowing that many others share their sense of loss.
- June 8, 2008 at 11:38 AM
My thoughts and prayers are with your family. What a beautiful an meaningful life Edwina shared with us. She really did make a difference in the world.
- June 8, 2008 at 11:41 AM
- Amie said...
My entire life was changed with the birth of my first child, and La Leche League helped shape those changes. In the beginning, it was all about the breastfeeding. Later, as the mothers I met there became my dearest friends, changes continued in our lives and will continue to shape the family that we are and will become.
I do not think that Edwina (or any of the other founders) could possibly have envisioned the impact their small group would have on the whole world. LLL has blessed the lives of so many families.
The legacy that she leaves is that so many of us are committed to continuing the work she helped start. At its core, LLL is about mothers helping other mothers and sharing their knowledge. Thanks to the founders' example, we are empowered to do the same. And the world is better for it. Thank you Edwina for having the courage to start the changes.
- June 8, 2008 at 11:45 AM
- Lee Ann said...
I had the pleasure of meeting Edwina at a LLL of EPA Conference a few years ago. It was definitely a highlight of my life. She has touched so many lives and her legacy will live on through breastfed babies all over the globe. Thank you Edwina!
- June 8, 2008 at 12:06 PM
Edwina non ci siamo conosciute personalmente ma la tua Leche League la sento anche mia e senza di te ciò non sarebbe stato possibile. Il tuo impegno e il tuo amore resterà per sempre patrimonio dell'umanità.
- June 8, 2008 at 12:10 PM
- Julie Wilson said...
I want to express my gratitude to Edwina. There is no aspect of my life that La Leche League has not touched. As a leader for the past 15 years I've been proud to carry on the work she began. My family and I share in your loss.
- June 8, 2008 at 12:35 PM
What a loss for the world today. Edwina was truly an inspiration and pioneer who will be deeply missed. The amount of families she touched the world over is innumerable. Edwina was a beautiful lady, inside and out, throughout the years. I count myself lucky to have met and spoken with her on several occassions. Her vision and passion live on in the hearts of thousands of LLL Leaders and mothers throughout the world. My thoughts and prayers are with the Froehlich family.
~Susan Para, ACL Indiana
- June 8, 2008 at 12:44 PM
Thank you, Edwina for all you have for mothers around the world. I will never forget the grand lady who welcomed me in her home more than once and whom I started to consider, without ever telling her,as my LLL mother. You taught me so much, Edwina.
My thoughts and prayers are with your family at this time. May all they have learnt from you sustain them now and in the future.
Love never dies
Merci pour tout.
- June 8, 2008 at 12:46 PM
May Edwina's family find comfort and peace.
Edwina's work for breastfeeding mothers was a true women's movement!
- June 8, 2008 at 1:11 PM
I consider myself very lucky that I was able to attend several conferences and attend sessions with all the founders present, including Edwina. I remember her as intelligent, full of humour and enthusiasm, a truly bright light. The world is a sadder place for her passing but she has, along with her co-founders, left a legacy for moms, babies, and families everywhere.
- June 8, 2008 at 1:22 PM
How comforting to have the memories of the League when it was just in its early stages..to be with so many fantastic women and learn so much more than the Womanly Art Of Breastfeeding..
Thank you Dear Woman..a Goddess no doubt,,
- June 8, 2008 at 1:23 PM
- janaki costello said...
Edwina's vibrant personality and intelligence have been a pleasure to have experienced over the last 33 years! She and the other Founders made a difference in my life and my family's life that is impossible to describe. THANK YOU Edwina, for all you have done for our society in so beautifully upholding the importance of breastfeeding, mothering and family life. You will be missed but your contributions will continue to inspire and influence families everywhere. Love, Janaki Costello
- June 8, 2008 at 1:46 PM
- Lisa said...
My thoughts and prayers are with Edwina's family. I pray her family finds comfort in God's love and care.
- June 8, 2008 at 2:03 PM
Edwina, I will never forget giving you a tour of Austin with my high need baby in tow. I really enjoyed hearing your stories of your own children. I know you are filled with peace and joy as now you can really understand the magnitude of all the mom's and babies you helped. Thank you seems so small for all you have done, but THANK YOU! I wish your family peace and comfort during this sad time.
Much Love,
Ann Bennett LLL, IBCLC, RLC
Austin, TX
- June 8, 2008 at 2:10 PM
- Robin said...
A mighty tree has fallen and leaves not space and silence, but the babble of millions of happy, healthy breastfed babies and their families in her place. Thank you so very much Edwina, for helping to found an entity that completely reshaped my life and those of my children.
Robin Jones Greif
Queensland, Australia
- June 8, 2008 at 2:27 PM
- Penny said...
The organization you helped found will continue to carry your influence and memory forward through the years. You were an inspiration to so many of us--as a mother, a Leader, and a woman.
- June 8, 2008 at 2:45 PM
Edwina-- You may well be one of the five people we meet in heaven, for very many of us! For all the lives you made healthier, for all the deep joy, and for all the heartfelt spirituality you dealt us, you certainly qualify!
Ann Conlon-Smith, Raleigh, NC
- June 8, 2008 at 2:56 PM
- Kay said...
Edwina provided inspiration for my journey with my family and my connection to LLL through the years.
I first met Edwina at the 1968 LLLI Convention in Denver. It was there that she taught me her solution to her frustration when her babies/little ones/ even grown up ones would interrupt her plans for whatever she was doing. In her children's early years she decided that rather than be frustrated about the frequent interruptions when she was working on a project, she decided to put the project aside until her babies were older. That translated into accepting that her children's needs were more important to her than whatever she had in mind at the moment.
I took that wisdom home with me. I have treasured the gifts of peace I've felt when my children and now my grandchildren interrupt my life with their needs and I choose to put my "project" on hold until a better time for us all. The "projects" did/will get done - or not - sooner or later - depending on how important they were/are to me but not at the cost of ignoring a child's needs. Because of that, I have peace in my heart about my choices over the years.
I pray that Edwina and her family have all felt the appreciation and affection we have for her and the LLL Love that is surrounding them all at this time.
Kay Batt, Renton, WA
- June 8, 2008 at 3:01 PM
- Brandy said...
Thank you, Edwina for all you have done for mothers and babies. You are an inspiration. Our thoughts are with your family at this time.
- June 8, 2008 at 3:10 PM
Thank You Edwina,
I was our pleasure to have known you and learned from you. How wonderful to leave La Leche League and millions of happily breastfed babies behind you as your spiritual journey continues. Many prayers for the progress of your delightful and loving soul.
Candace Hill
Evanston Illinois
- June 8, 2008 at 3:11 PM
Thank you for all you did during your long and wonderful life for all the mothers and babies lucky enough to know La Leche League. My family will be forever grateful to you and the other 6 Founding Mothers. God speed...My thoughts are with your family.
Margaret Goebel
- June 8, 2008 at 3:16 PM
- I'm Michelle! said...
Thank you so much for starting an organization that has helped so many mothers and children realize the joy of breastfeeding and that close attachment that is so dear!
- June 8, 2008 at 3:20 PM
- Dolores Arancibia said...
Me entristece en lo profundo despedirme de Edwina...no la conoci, ni ella a mi, pero el haber fundado La Liga de la Leche, esta gran red de madres amorosas, de haber apoyado para que otras me apoyen en mis momentos más intimos con mi hijo, para que pudiera darle el pecho, hace que hoy se me caigan todas estas lagrimas...y me comprometa con más fuerza a seguir estando donde ella me ayudo.
Gracias Edwina por tanto amor, por tu incansable labor como mamá y fundadora de nuestra querida Liga de la Leche!!!
Dolores Arancibia
- June 8, 2008 at 3:28 PM
Thank you Edwina. Because of you and the other brave mothers who began this organization, my life, my husband's, and that of my children is forever changed in a beautiful and powerful way.
- June 8, 2008 at 3:34 PM
- LaJuana said...
Thank you, Edwina. My family's lives were profoundly changed by what I learned in La Leche League. I am forever grateful to you and the other mothers who had the courage and commitment to bring La Leche League to the world.
A special thank you to your family, who must have made some sacrifices to share such a wonderful woman with the world.
- June 8, 2008 at 4:07 PM
- Cecily said...
May you be enjoying the rewards of a life of great substance, reunited with your husband, John, and watching your family & friends celebrating YOU! I was priviled to meet you back in the late 1960's when I became CLA for Texas and began many journeys to Chicago. At your home you graciously welcomed us with wholesome food, something you embraced long before most of us knew how important this was. And throughout your life you exercised, taking great pride in your sons atheletic prowess. When I discovered John was a poet I bought his books as gifts for my daughter. Later, widowed for 9 years, you gave the 'stamp of approval' to my fiance & now husband, Alex. I remember your presence at the Irish parties at International Conferences, leading the merriment.You served as my mentor and I thank God today for the joy & enrichment you brought my life and all of LLL.
Cecily Harkins, Portland, Oregon, USA
- June 8, 2008 at 4:08 PM
Thanks you, Edwina, for being one of the co-founders of LLLI. My family is enriched through the womanly art of breastfeeding! I did not know any breastfeeding mothers (including my own mother) until I heard of LLL. You were such an inspiration and encourager--so much so that now my grandchildren are also breastfed. I cherish the times I got to spend with you while working on the USWD Staff in the 80s and 90s. Your spirit lives on!
Gratefully, Agnes Leistico
- June 8, 2008 at 4:09 PM
- Theresa said...
Thank you Edwina, and to your family, for sharing you with so many of us. I have been a small part of the "Edwina Footprint" on this earth. From my family circle to hundreds more over the years, mothering and breastfeeding have been the anchors.
Theresa Weigel, Kansas
- June 8, 2008 at 4:10 PM
- Barbara said...
For half a century, mothers and babies the world over have found happiness as a direct result of your dedication to supporting breastfeeding through La Leche League. Thank you.
- June 8, 2008 at 4:16 PM
Desde Madrid (España), y desde mi corazón deseo agradecerte que hayas fundado esta maravillosa ONG, de mujeres maravillosas como tú, que nos han ayudado a superar lo insuperable, a ser mas valientes, mas mujeres, a ver más allá gracias al amamantamiento, a ser más sensibles, a crear un mundo de madres e hijos felices y sanos, y por tanto familias felices, y por tanto un mundo mejor. Puedes ir a ese mundo de paz con la cabeza bien alta, y una sonrisa en los labios tan bonita como la que aparece en la foto, porque lo que has dejado en este mundo es tan bello y palpable....
Allá arriba brillará hoy una estrella más, que buscaré cuando mis fuerzas flaqueen.
Besos y un abrazo fuerte para toda tu familia en estos difíciles momentos, porque es muy duro perder a una madre, sobre todo si es como Edwina.
María Jesús Trigo.
CD de LLLMadrid
- June 8, 2008 at 4:41 PM
cara edwina! ho letto e sentito il tuo nome cosi' tante volte, che mi sembra di averti conosciuta! :-)
ancora grazie per tutto quello che la leche league, nata anche dal tuo cuore, ha dato, sta dando e continuera' a dare a tutte le mamme del mondo e ai loro bambini. grazie anche per tutto quello che la leche league, attraverso le mamme ed i loro bambini, ha dato e sta dando a me con incredibile generosita'.
un abbraccio, una preghiera, un ricordo per sempre
da veh
- June 8, 2008 at 5:42 PM
Thank you for helping start an organization that I found such joy and support in. May your friends and family find comfort in all the love and support you brought the world.
- June 8, 2008 at 5:42 PM
- Jane said...
Dear Edwina, family, and friends,
Thank you for having the courage to go forth in the world helping to empower mothers to naturally nourish their infants.
Jane Hawkes, Rexburg, Idaho LLL leader since 1974
- June 8, 2008 at 6:14 PM
To the Froehlich Family,
Thank you for sharing your beloved mother and grandmother with countless families. Her passion for good mothering through breastfeeding will live on in La Leche League.
- June 8, 2008 at 6:16 PM
- alison Stanton said...
Thank you Edwina for the work you began and continued to do throughout your life for mothers and babies around the world.
I will always be grateful for the influence La Leche League has had on my mothering and for the large part you played in this.
Our thoughts and prayers are with your family and we give thanks for their generosity in sharing you with us.
Alison, Denis, Josephine, Craig, Laura, Peter, Ruth, Jed and Thomas Stanton
- June 8, 2008 at 6:17 PM
Edwina was an inspiration to me as she was to so many other leaders and mothers around the world. What a beautiful legacy to leave the world; so many loved and happy babies.
My thoughts and prayers are with Edwina's family.
- June 8, 2008 at 6:17 PM
- Rebecca Keepers said...
Edwina, I treasure the gift you brought to me in Oklahoma--the knowledge that boys are boisterous and brimming with fun, and that I could still be a vital help to breastfeeding mothers when my nursing days were done.
Your freely given love continues through the lives you touched.
- June 8, 2008 at 6:48 PM
- Laura said...
I am so thankful that Edwina helped to start La Leache League. I appreciate the vision and the lessons on mothering. I pray that your family is blessed by all of the love that so many of us had for Edwina.
- June 8, 2008 at 6:56 PM
Edwina will be missed. Her vision - better mothering through breastfeeding - was revolutionary for its time, and because of her passion, hard work and dedication, the lives of mothers and babies throughout the world have been enriched.
- June 8, 2008 at 7:33 PM
- Deeanne said...
Thank you Edwina for helping us give what's best for our children.
- June 8, 2008 at 7:38 PM
- Sue said...
As I sit here breastfeeding my daughter, I think about what Edwina's work has meant to myself, my children, La Leche League, and our world. It was such a privilege to meet her at the Michigan conference in April. While we will miss Edwina, her spirit lives on.
- June 8, 2008 at 9:25 PM
Edwina was very loved and will be missed by all that knew her or were touched by LLL.
- June 8, 2008 at 9:34 PM
My heart goes out to the friends and family at this time of loss of your mother and our beloved friend. Edwina taught me how to parent through breastfeeding as well as gentle parenting. Where would my children have been had Edwina not been one of the "brave" women 50 years ago who had enough of parenting that went against their hearts?
From Theresa Himes, Mt Pleasant, Iowa
- June 8, 2008 at 10:22 PM
- Karen Smith said...
I am so sad to hear the news. I blogged my goodbye here:
Edwina, thank you for all you did for moms and babies for all those years and for all of us who are having babies today. We are forever in your debt.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:22 PM
I remember the first time I met Edwina. 1978 at the first LLL of GA conference. The session she presented impressed not only me, but also my husband. Since then I have never failed to be impressed by this remarkable, very intelligent woman. She really lived life to the fullest.
And she made a true difference in the lives of thousands.
The world lost a true treasure today. Edwina will be truly missed.
- June 8, 2008 at 10:58 PM
Thank you, Edwina, for your contribution not only to the betterment of our entire world, but also to my individual family. Without LLL, I would have had no positive mothering role models.
My children have witnessed natural childbirth and extended breastfeeding as normal, unquestionable, family-life processes. Though your earthly form ceases to breathe, Edwina, your legacy will surely continue to the end of days.
I have such immeasurable gratitude for all you have done. My family and I thank you. To the Froehlich family - I thank you again for including all of us in the LLL community in this intimate time of Edwina's passing. We love her; she is our mother too.
In Christ's Love,
Pastor Lindsay Broters
Leader since 2000, Ohio, USA
Mama to my own gang of LLLittle LLLeagers - Peyton, Zayna, Garrett, Alexis, Ella & Mekhi
- June 8, 2008 at 11:24 PM
Thank you for the beautiful legacy you have given us. We will miss your warmth, compassion, and kindness.
You were a treasure to have known. I will never forget your ready smile, and words of encouragement.
If it weren't for you and the other co-founders, I wouldn't be the mother and grandmother I am.
Thank you from the bottom of my heart. Thank you for giving us the courage to follow our hearts.
Connie Chiavario, Leader 22 years
- June 8, 2008 at 11:46 PM
- Cohen said...
Thanks to you Edwina, the ripple effect of your care and concern reached across the ocean by 1976 to France to help me when I needed your help. And the ripple has gone on to become a huge wave of love and care to mothers all over France with over 250 Leaders currently passing on the message in that important mother-to-mother style you taught us all. Your spirit will continue to be with us forever. Bless you. Lea Cohen, Leader of 30 years now.
- June 9, 2008 at 3:30 AM
I'm from Algeria, thanks to LLL, I could breastfeed my daughters, and I'm know performing a taining in order to become a leader here in Algeria.
Thank you LLL.
Thank you Edwina, the millions of prayers of all those little angels thant has been breasfeeded thanks to you are transporting you to havean
- June 9, 2008 at 6:52 AM
Thankyou Edwina. We never met, but you have helped me. Your example is an inspiration.
- June 9, 2008 at 7:30 AM
In celebration of an amazing woman, who gave us all so much.
Her legacy lives on in all the mothers and babies helped by La Leche League every day all over the world.
What an inspiration!
- June 9, 2008 at 7:37 AM
my baby and me thank you!!! i'm a french mum and your association help me and change my life !
bon voyage et merci pour tout l amour que la lll apporte!!!
- June 9, 2008 at 8:48 AM
Edwina, you have helped thousands of women be better mothers. Thank you for all you have done for us. We have all been blessed by your life.
- June 9, 2008 at 10:22 AM
Thank you for sharing so much with the world. Your legacy of LLLove will live on through all the babies and families you helped. You are the "wind beneath my wings".
- June 9, 2008 at 11:11 AM
May the love & nurturing you've given many continue to flow in spirit!
- June 9, 2008 at 11:17 AM
Thank you for all you have done through the years to help and encourage women to breastfeed. You will be missed!
- June 9, 2008 at 12:01 PM
C'est une nouvelle qui m'attriste beaucoup : je me sens très redevable à
ces dames qui nous ont donné la voie, qui nous ont donné la voix - pour
défendre notre beau statut de mamans allaitantes, de mamans libres de
donner le sein à leur bébé, de mamans !
Toutes mes pensées à la famille d'Edwina, à ses amis.
Sylvie, animatrice LLL à Vesoul, France.
- June 9, 2008 at 1:02 PM
Thank you, Edwina. It was through your support that my mother successfully breastfed me in 1975
When it came time for me to nourish my son, she passed on the wisdom obtained from you and the other founders.
May God's peace and comfort support The Froehlich family.
- June 9, 2008 at 1:09 PM
Gracias Edwina,
Gracias por todas esas horas de tu vida que las entregaste por los bebes y madres de este mundo. tu vida es una ofrenda a la generosidad.
Sin conocerte te lloro porque tu herencia me acompaña en mi labor de lider.
- June 9, 2008 at 1:12 PM
- jbelle said...
She changed the world; she changed my world. Thank you, thank you, thank you! jana
- June 9, 2008 at 1:49 PM
- zulma said...
Gracias Edwina por todo el amor, tiempo y dedicación brindado a LLL.
Tu pasión cambió la vida de miles de familia a través del mundo. Tu luz seguirá dando frutos generación tras generación.
Nuestros mejores deseos para la familia de Edwina. Fue una gran mujer.
- June 9, 2008 at 2:15 PM
- Alertanutricional said...
Mi más sentido pésame a la familia de la Sra. Froehlich "Feliz" que llevó mucha felicidad, alegria, bienestar (como su apellido la remarca)y salud a miles y miles de madres, padres y niños, que gracias a ella y a todo el equipo de LLL tienen hoy en día el máximo de sus capacidades gracias a la lactancia materna
Geraldine Maurer
- June 9, 2008 at 2:33 PM
- Shoshana Hayman said...
As a mother and La Leche League Leader of many years, I am deeply saddened by the passing of Edwina, and convey my condolences to her family. I will always be grateful for the loving way of parenting I learned through Edwina's dedicated work. She indeed brought light to the world and made the world a better place for mothers, babies and families.
- June 9, 2008 at 3:04 PM
In the mid 1960's I heard my grandmother discuss as a novel thing her young friend who was breastfeeding her newborn with the assistance of an unusual organization—and she pronounced the name as if it were French. As a college student I attended a LLL meeting to learn what my "town" friend did as a Leader. And then I married and had children and nursed them with the assistance and encouragement of my local La Leche League Group, becoming one of its Leaders in 1979.
Edwina Froehlich and her friends have given an amazing gift to me and to my family. I didn't realize the power of that gift until my grandchildren came along and my daughter, who had originally thought her mother's support and info would be enough, found herself fleeing back to the wonderful cocoon of La Leche League Groups and meetings. There she found herself normal, her instinct to nurse her child, carry her child, and respect the pace of her child's development honored instead of denigrated. Newt knew what and who had taught and influenced me, and chose to become a LLL Leader, making us one of many mother/daughter Leader pairs within the organization. Today, as the word spread of Edwina's death, she posted this blog, which I share with her permission.
"On October 17, 1956, seven women gathered to discuss their experiences with breastfeeding, and to offer to each other the support they felt they needed in following their chosen path of mothering. From this humble beginning came an international organization that still focuses on mothers who have or are breastfeeding and supporting mothers who want to breastfeed. In a very real sense, I was raised in this organization, attending meetings as a child and helping at conferences as a teenager. As a mother, I have found La Leche League to be invaluable to myself, and am proud to count myself a part of this organization. And always, always, the seven Founders have been there, usually far in the background from what I can see, although often in the thick of things from their perspective I'm sure.
Yesterday morning, the first of the Founders died. Edwina Froelich died peacefully at 5am Sunday morning. She'd had a stroke near the end of May, and it became clear fairly quickly from the emails that filtered down to me that it was only a matter of time, that she would not be recovering from this stroke. It still comes as a bit of a shock. These women were mothers twenty years before I was born; it makes sense that in the natural course of things, they will all die before I do. But I think my reaction is perhaps like what my history teacher described as the reaction of people to Queen Victoria's death: People had been born, and grown up, and died, all under Queen Victoria's reign; most people simply couldn't imagine the world without her. I have grown up in the shadow of the Founders; it is odd to think of them passing from this world, one by one. (Thankfully, it will likely be awhile before the last of them dies; Marian Thompson, for one, is still very active in a variety of causes.)"
So, to Edwina and the family that shared her with the world—we honor you, we love you, and we extend our sincerest gratitude for all she did and that you shared with us.
In deep and loving gratitude—
Anne Marie Miller (Leader since 1979)
Newt Elizabeth Sherwin (Leader since 2007)
- June 9, 2008 at 3:22 PM
La Leche entered my life in February 1972, and how wonderful they were for me and my family. I was a leader for about 5 years but I do not have much to do with the League now, but they will forever be a part of my life, a part I enjoyed so much. My sympathy to all the family
Roswyn Glenny NZ
- June 9, 2008 at 5:01 PM
- Lone Star Ma said...
Thank you.
- June 9, 2008 at 5:11 PM
Edwina's work has left a legacy that has touched millions of people, and will be carried on by the families her work has inspired. She has done truly great things!
- June 9, 2008 at 7:33 PM
Thank you Edwina for your vision to help mothers of many generations and future generations to continue your legacy....Good Mothering through Breastfeeding. From the moment that I met you in Chicago, I knew you were special. You and my own mother are smiling down from heaven and I will feel that you are always with me guiding me for my future grandchildren.
Much Love,
Charmaine, LLL Leader and my 4 Breastfed children
- June 9, 2008 at 8:19 PM
My heart goes out to the Froehlich family. I hope it's a comfort to know that around the world, thousands of mothers are mourning Edwina's passing and giving thanks for her life. She was a leader of a quiet but amazing revolution which purely made the world a better place.
Marcia McCoy
- June 9, 2008 at 9:11 PM
Dear Edwina,
To say that you changed my life & my mothering, and influenced me to be who I am today, would be an understatement! LLL *found me* in 1969 in Buffalo NY,USA, and I was inspired by your Leader Applicant Training to become a LLLLeader and eventually an LC. Remembering your example of re-starting the Franklin Park, IL group, I "reactivated" this year so that I could volunteer on the LLLI Helpline.
Forever grateful for the gift of your life, and with heartfelt condolences to your family, I send LLL Love, Karen Evon
- June 9, 2008 at 9:32 PM
Although this is a sad time to have lost such a wonderful woman as you Edwina, I know that all that you have done through La Leche League will live on forever as your legacy. I feel so priviledged to have had the opportunity to have met and spoken with you at the LLLI Conference in Chicago last year. Such a humble woman who just wanted to know about us and how La Leche League was functioning in other parts of the world. What an inspiration and visionary you have been to thousands of families all over the world. My thoughts are with your wonderful family. Thank you to them for sharing you with all of La Leche League.
With much LLLove,
Julie Foley and family, New Zealand
- June 10, 2008 at 3:58 AM
"May the long time sun shine upon you, all love surround you, and the pure light within you, guide your way on." Thank you for giving us back our children. Your rewards, may they be as nurmorous as the stars. Namaste.
- June 10, 2008 at 9:42 AM
I treasure the twelve years I was a LLL leader. It changed the destiny of my life. Although the family I was raised in taught me how not to be with children, LLL gave me the love, courage, patience, prolacton, and inspiration to be the loving mom I dreamt of being. Edwina, your being will live on in the lives of my three loving children (and my incredible daughter-in-laws), and my five grandchildren (all breastfed a long healthy time). Your love, spirit, knowledge, and fortitude paved the way to help change the world one breastfed baby at a time. You gave me the opportunity to have a loving mother child relationship with my children that I could not have with my parents. I know you have a special place at G-d's table. Our thoughts and prayers are with your family at this time of loss – thanks to them for lending you out to us on so many occasions.
- June 10, 2008 at 10:38 AM
Dear Edwina,
Our love and prayers go with you and to your family. Discussions of the founding and running of LLLI were an on-going thread of interest and conversation in our home. Both of our parents, Niles and Michael, held you in their hearts and had tremendous respect for you. If they were still here, they would join us in extending their love and prayers.
Willow Newton (Reed), Lees Newton (Stuntz), Edward and Warren Newton
- June 10, 2008 at 11:11 AM
Thank you to Edwina for introducing LLL to so many people around the world. I was luck only 21 years ago to have such supportive friends and family members behind our decision to nurse my children. I was lucky enough to visit Nigeria in March2008 and help new mothers experience their first bonding with their newborns. I was happy to pass on my knowledge and learn a lot from a culture that has been nursing their infants forever. My thoughts and prayers are with the people who grieve.
Rene, Chicago
- June 10, 2008 at 11:15 AM
My family and I thrived under the guidance in the Womanly Art as introduced to us through Judy Good. She spoke fondly of Edwina and shared with us the founding mothers vision of mothering. Thank you to Edwina's family for sharing her with all of us.
Jean Herbeck Carter
- June 10, 2008 at 11:35 AM
I am so grateful that I have been blessed to have spent time and had fun with Edwina. Edwina is truly a woman who has spread love and left a huge legacy to this world. She was able to sprinkle sunshine and joy wherever she went, she never stopped learning or investigating new things or was never too busy to share some jewels of wisdom. Edwina touched thousands of lives and will be so very missed. I'm the richer for knowing her and send my condolences to her beautiful family who she loved so much.
- June 10, 2008 at 4:47 PM
- Francesca said...
Thanks, Edwina for everything... for all the love you have spread all around the world... for everything you made for me, though you didn't even knew I existed, just building up LLL.... for everything you made for each baby through his mother's milk. Grazie davvero di tutto! Francesca Ferrari. Italy
- June 10, 2008 at 6:17 PM
THANK you Edwina
some of us LLL France leaders were together in a workshop on Sunday when you passed away .. I had my first meeting without the 7 of you my inspirating great ladies behind me in my heart on Monday... for the first time in my LLL life I feel like being an orphan .. I had the joy and privilege to meet you at the 50th anniversary Celebration in Chicago. I will always remember the light in your eyes and your smile.
Thank you for your dream, the power of your hope .. Thanks to you, babies are back in their mothers'arms.
I'm very proud to be LLL Leader, aiming our daily goal: helping mothers.
Rest in peace, with love of so many all around the world.
Flore, ACL for France
- June 10, 2008 at 6:29 PM
My thoughts and prayers are with Edwina's family, as they celebrate her life and begin adjusting to their lives without her presence. I also need to make that adjustment, for even though I know she had a family - after all, she was a mother and a grandmother - somehow she belonged to the world. So, it is if she belonged to me and all the rest of the mothers who benefited from LLLI and benefited even more specifically from knowing her. I feel so blessed to have been able to spend time with her and know her as a person who loved to cook and was an excellent cook, a person who loved the theatre, who liked a glass of wine, who was good at listening, who had a sense of humor, who was practical and sensible, who read my mother's book and sent her a beautiful note, and who attended my mother's funeral. She lived life and was so genuine. I enjoyed her company and I will miss her very much.
Rebecca Magalhaes
- June 10, 2008 at 7:40 PM
here there are some message for Edwina from the mtoher I followed as LLL leader:
"Grazie Edwina, da parte di tutte le mamme che con la tua associazione hanno imparato ad amare l'allattamento."
"Mi unisco anche io ai ringraziamenti ad Edwina. Se non fosse stato per lei e per le sue collaboratrici io non avrei mai saputo che potevo allattare e non avrei mai scoperto una delle emozioni più intense della mia vita.
Ovunque andrai ti porteremo nel cuore, ciao Edwina :cuore "
"Un grazie ed un caro saluto anche da parte mia, e dei miei cuccioli :cuore :cuore"
non so come avrei allattato Alba senza la LLL
e spero di trovare il tempo e avere la capacità di diventare anche io una consulente, perchè tanto avete fatto per me che è giusto che anche io passi questo magico sapere ad altre!"
"anche per me la LLL è stata fondamentale..Paola mi ha sempre aiutata e sostenuta ... quando è nata Alice,quando stavo male ed avevo bisogno di farmaci,quando sono rimasta incinta della Angie-lù e nei primi gg di vita della mia secondogenita :cuore
grazie :ok"
"Un grazie di cuore da me e dalla mia famiglia
"Anche da noi: grazie Edwina!
Sara e Ida :cuore"
"grazie di ciò che hai lasciato! :cuore"
"Grazie! :cuore
mi sono commossa a leggere l'annuncio, sto allattando..e trovo che sia una cosa bellissima e unica.
grazie alla lll per l'aiuto che ci hanno dato
Paola e Francesca"
"Grazie Edwina e grazie a tutti i componenti della LLL da me e da MIA :cuore"
Senza Edwina e le altre sette meravigliose donne fondatrici, non sarei la persona che sono, non avrei provato la gioia di essere madre in un modo diverso, unico, che mi ha trasformata e mi ha permesso di aiutare tante altre donne a trovare la strada per essere madri con attaccamento, attraverso l'allattamento.
- June 11, 2008 at 4:58 AM
Sorry... I made a mistake while I was typing... I wanted to type: "from the MOTHERS"
- June 11, 2008 at 5:02 AM
You truly made a difference . . . changed lives of babies and mothers, both individually and globally. Thanks.
- June 11, 2008 at 7:30 AM
Thank you, Edwina! You have made the world a better place. You and LLL ignited my lifelong passion to help babies (including my own) to breastfeed.
- June 11, 2008 at 8:11 AM
To the family of Edwina,
God bless you and give you the joy in knowing that Edwina did so much good and touched so many lives.
Thank you.
- June 11, 2008 at 12:47 PM
May the Lord bless and keep you Edwina! Your life's work lives on in every breastfeeding mother. Society owes you an enormous debt of gratitude for babies and mommies everywhere.
- June 11, 2008 at 1:23 PM
- Lawrence M. Gartner, M.D. said...
Larry Gartner said...
Edwina Froehlich was one of the world's great contributors and a remarkably talented and dedicated person. Her contributions to mothers and children were immense. I will miss her greatly. She always lit up a room with her presence and offered a clear view of an issue. I am most grateful to her for all that she did for LLLI and breastfeeding. She left the world a much better place than it would have been without her efforts.
Larry Gartner
- June 11, 2008 at 1:59 PM
To the Froehlich Family,
I join LLL for my first child who was born June 8, 1980 and I became a true mother because of your mother and her friends. I will remember her with affection and admiration. The loss of a mother leaves a emptiness that can be very painful. May you fine solace in your memories and a appreciation for the gifts she left with us all. Thank you for sharing your mother with the world.
Lisa Hedrick, Circleville, Ohio
- June 11, 2008 at 6:30 PM
La Leche League was a great source of support to me in learning to nurse my little ones in the 80's. In the 90's LLL became an important resource for me to refer my midwifery clients to. Finally, last year it was my privilege to meet most of the founders at a gala celebration and fundraiser that Chicago Community Midwives organized to honor the founders for the 50th anniversary. Edwina had a sparkle and wit, yet calm strength and commitment. Thank you, Edwina, and God bless you and your family.
- June 11, 2008 at 11:32 PM
Thank you, Edwina, for what you did and are still doing for thousands and thousands of mothers.
- June 12, 2008 at 4:47 AM
Thank you Edwina for all that you have done.
- June 12, 2008 at 5:50 AM
Muchas gracias desde España a una d e la sfundadodras de un grupo tan fantástico y del qu e soy miembro.
ha vivido una vid amuy larga , segro qu ele dió tiempo a dar mucha guerra!
- June 12, 2008 at 8:25 AM
Edwina, because of your passion to help mothers around the world, my life has changed. La Leche League started my journey into the precious world of breastfeeding and eventually into breastfeeding counseling. Thank you for all you have done in your lifetime to path the way for women like me. You are a legacy that will NEVER be forgot. My prayers are with your family.
- June 12, 2008 at 10:32 AM
Thank you, Edwina, for all you have done for mothers and babies all over the world;
We shall never forget you.
- June 12, 2008 at 1:08 PM
On behalf of all the Leaders in Great Britain, I send our heartfelt condolances to Edwina's family and the Founding Mothers. I had the priviledge of seeing Edwina in Chicago and hearing her speak, and her strength, love of LLL, and sense of humour was inspiring. Thank you Edwina for being part of a group of women who have made so much different in the world. So many mothers and babies and families have benefited because of the vision of seven women. You will never be forgotten.
Anna, Chair, Council of Directors, La Leche League, GB
- June 12, 2008 at 9:09 PM
"Edwina's passions to protect, promote and support the joy of breastfeeding have sparked generations of leaders... Thank you Edwina for nurturing the future in so many ways...
Anwar Fazal, Chairperson Emeritus,
World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action(WABA)"
- June 12, 2008 at 11:05 PM
Here's to a life lived fully. May Edwina's life work and her passion live on in us and our children and their children for a long long time.
Ilana Stein, NYC
- June 13, 2008 at 8:43 AM
When my first child, a daughter, was born in November 1972, Edwina and the other founding mothers were my life-line through The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding and my local leaders. When my daughter became a mother in May 2007, her breastfeeding experience was so much different and so much better. Thanks to Edwina for changing the world for the better. My deepest condolences to her family. She lives on through the many, many lives that she touched.
- June 13, 2008 at 1:32 PM
To Edwina's children and grandchildren,
Your mother was loved by so many families all over the world. Our hearts join yours in sadness and also in celebration of the life of this remarkable woman. Edwina will live forever in the babies who received and continue to receive the gift of breastfeeding because of her dedication and commitment.
- June 14, 2008 at 12:57 PM
MERCI Edwina
C'est avec une grande tristesse que nous avons appris que vous nous aviez quittées, et nous voulions témoigner toutes, les 300 animatrices de LLL France, de la fierté qui est la nôtre de poursuivre votre rêve.
Nous vous devons toutes beaucoup : nous sommes heureuses que vous ayiez pu une dernière fois contempler votre oeuvre en nous voyant ensemble réunies, venues des 68 pays où votre Leche League est désormais présente, lors du congrès des 50 ans à Chicago, l'an dernier.
Nous continuons ce que vous avez initié avec vos co-fondatrices, portant avec joie et fierté notre rôle d'animatrices LLL. Chaque réunion LLL que nous tenons est un formidable moment de partage, un intense échange d'informations et d'aide, et un hommage à votre extraordinaire action. A chacune de nos réunions votre souvenir sera présent à nos coeurs.
Nous sommes heureuses de poursuivre ce que vous avez initié, avec votre foi, votre espoir, votre amour et votre enthousiasme de mère. Nous serons dignes de ce magnifique héritage et continuerons de porter votre message, grâce auquel, un bébé à la fois, le monde s'efforce de parier sur l'amour …
Votre vie fut riche et vous nous avez tant donné, vous nous laissez tellement de force : puissiez -vous reposer en paix, notre profonde admiration, notre affectueuse reconnaissance vous accompagnent.
Flore, ACL
et les 300 animatrices de France
THANK YOU, Edwina.
We are very sad to hear that you have passed away, and all 300 leaders of LLL France would like to tell you how proud we are to continue your dream.
We owe you so much, and are happy to know that you were able to see the result of all your work last summer, when leaders from 68 countries where your La Leche League is present, were united in Chicago at the Conference that celebrated LLL's 50th anniversary.
We will continue the work that you started with your co-founders, joyful and proud in our role as Leaders.
Every LLL meeting is a wonderful time for sharing, a powerful exchange of information and support, and a tribute to your extraordinary action.
You will stay present in our hearts each time we come together. We are happy to continue what you began, with your faith, your hope, your love and your enthusiasm as a mother.
We will be worthy of that magnificent inheritance, and will carry on with your message, that the world may strive to bet on love, one baby at a time.
Thank you.
Your life was rich and you gave so much, you leave us such strength. May you rest in peace.
Our deep admiration and our affectionate gratitude go with you.
Flore ACL and the three hundred Leaders from France
- June 16, 2008 at 4:45 AM
To Edwina's family,
My sincere sympathy on Edwina's death. Although I never met Edwina, I admired her contribution to mothers and babies the world over, and I always enjoyed the good sense of items she wrote for the old LLL News (in probably the early-1970s). Hers was a life well lived and she made a difference - a positive difference - to so many.
Vale, Edwina!
Virginia Thorley,Australia
- June 16, 2008 at 3:59 PM
Five daughters, nine grandchildren, my husband of 40 years, and I send our prayers and sympathies to the Froehlich family. La Leche League has truly impacted our family in many wonderful ways since 1971. I will always remember Edwina: her loving ways, her strength and intelligence, her tact in difficult situations, her optimism, and her ability to have fun, no matter what the circumstances! Pam Oselka, Michigan USA
- June 17, 2008 at 11:53 AM
Merci Edwina!
Toutes les monitrices de la Ligue La Leche du Canada francophone se joignent au Conseil d'administration pour vous remercier, Edwina, pour le bel organisme que vous avez contribué à mettre sur pied, à une époque où l'allaitement se faisait rare et où les mères avaient, plus que jamais, besoin du soutien d'autres mères pour réussir à allaiter leur enfant. Grâce à vous et à toutes les mères fondatrices de la Leche League International, à chaque année, des dizaines de milliers de mères du Québec ou d'ailleurs au Canada français obtiennent du soutien pour réussir à allaiter une semaine, un mois, un an et même plus leur enfant. Les mères que vous avez contribué à aider et toutes les monitrices d'hier et d'aujourd'hui vous sont reconnaissantes de tout ce que vous avez fait depuis plus de 50 ans pour soutenir les mères qui désirent allaiter et materner par l'allaitement. Merci pour tout! Nous continuerons de porter bien haut le flambeau de la Ligue La Leche et à soutenir les mères qui désirent allaiter.
Toutes nos sympathies aux membres de votre famille et à vos amis proches. Nos pensées vous accompagnent durant cette période de tristesse !
Au nom de toutes les monitrices du Canada francophone,
Le Conseil d'administration de la Ligue La Leche
Nathalie Arguin, présidente
Marie Beaudoin, vice-présidente
Élisabeth Boily, administratrice
Marie-Claude Couture, trésorière
Mylène Schryburt, secrétaire
- June 17, 2008 at 3:16 PM
I found out just now that Edwina had died. Something made me check the LLL site. My involvement with LLL began in 1973 with the birth of my first child. I became a leader in 1976 after the birth of my second. Four more children followed over the years. I met Edwina on a few occasions and had a chance to chat with her. Before I even met her I "knew" her and getting to know her a little in person was just wonderful. She was such a confident, strong personality, and warm and friendly to all.
I'm glad to see she lived to a good old age -- it seems to fit her. My good wishes go to her family. Thank you for sharing your mother with the world.
- October 25, 2008 at 2:53 AM


text:
The Illinois Supreme Court sided with state retirees Thursday, overruling a judge who threw out the retirees' objection to paying health insurance premiums.
The Illinois Supreme Court sided with state government retirees Thursday, overruling a Sangamon County judge who had thrown out the retirees' challenge of health insurance premiums most began paying last summer for the first time.
The high court ruling by itself didn't eliminate the premiums that most of the 89,000 retirees now pay. But the language of the ruling bodes well for retirees' chances in their ultimate quest to have their share of total premiums struck down, said Springfield lawyer Donald Craven, one of the attorneys representing retirees.
"It's a victory," he said.
The 6-1 decision also gives an "extraordinarily encouraging sign" that opponents of the state's 2013 pension reform law will ultimately prevail in their pending legal challenge, Chicago lawyer John Fitzgerald told The State Journal-Register.
In the health premiums case, the court overruled Sangamon County Associate Judge Steven Nardulli, who had dismissed four lawsuits that were seeking to stop the state from imposing insurance premiums on retirees with 20 years or more of service who previously paid no premiums. Dissenting from the majority's decision was Justice Anne Burke.
Nardulli ruled in March 2013 that health insurance benefits are not considered "guaranteed pension benefits" protected by state law and that the retirees who sued "do not have a vested contractual interest in free health insurance."
The state argued that state contributions to retiree health premiums aren't mentioned in the state pension law and aren't paid from the assets of retirement funds, so that money is "fundamentally different" from pension annuities and thus not covered by the pension protection clause of the 1970 Illinois Constitution.
But Supreme Court Justice Charles Freeman, writing for the majority, said eligibility for group health insurance benefits "flows directly from membership in one of the state's various public pension systems."
As a result, he said the "plain and ordinary meaning" of language in the pension protection clause means health benefits "must be considered to be benefits of membership in a pension or retirement system of the state and, therefore, within that provision's protections."
Freeman further commented on the strength of the clause when he wrote, "It is clear that if something qualifies as a benefit of the enforceable contractual relationship resulting from membership in one of the state's pension or retirement systems, it cannot be diminished or impaired."
Health care benefits are not referred to in the pension clause, "but neither is there any limitations imposed concerning them," the ruling states, adding that any doubts regarding the meaning of the constitution's pension protection provisions should be resolved in favor of state retirees.
Not yet settled
The Supreme Court decision sends the case back to Nardulli for more arguments. The court's decision is available online at bit.ly/ILretireepremiums. Nardulli's ruling is available at bit.ly/ILruling.
Freeman's ruling shows the pension protection clause "has a wide reach," said Fitzgerald, who represents retired teachers and school administrators in a court challenge of the pension reform law.
"It shows that the Supreme Court is giving the pension protection clause the broad interpretation that the drafters of the Illinois Constitution intended," he said.
State officials have argued that the state's fiscal crisis justified the law's changes in pension benefits and didn't conflict with the constitution.
The law contains a number of changes designed to eliminate the state's $100 billion pension debt and reduce the amount of state revenue needed to meet pension commitments. The largest component limits the annual raises in retirement benefits and skips them in some years.
Other provisions raise the retirement age for those younger than 45 and cap the amount of salary on which a pension can be earned.
The pension lawsuit is in front of Sangamon County Circuit Judge John Belz.
But however Belz rules, a final resolution of the case is expected to come from the state Supreme Court.
Grant Klinzman, spokesman for Gov. Pat Quinn, said that, despite Thursday's ruling, the governor believes the pension reform law is constitutional and is "urgently needed to ensure that teachers, university employees and state workers who have faithfully contributed to the pension systems have retirement security."
Illinois Senate President John Cullerton, D-Chicago, expressed questions about the constitutionality of the reform law while voting for it. He put out a statement that said the Supreme Court's ruling "made it very clear" that the pension protection clause "means what it says."
"If the court's decision is predictive, the challenge of reforming our pension systems will remain," Cullerton said in the statement.
Union 'very pleased'
Chicago-based Council 31 of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees said in a prepared statement that the union was "very pleased" with the ruling on retiree premiums and encouraged by its potential impact on the pension changes AFSCME is fighting.
"Retirement security, including affordable health care and a modest pension, cannot be revoked by politicians," AFSCME Council 31 executive director Henry Bayer said.
It's not clear when there might be a final decision on whether the health insurance premiums will continue or stop, Craven said. Quinn and the Illinois General Assembly authorized the premiums in a 2012 law aimed at saving the state money. The premiums are being kept in a special fund in case they need to be refunded.
State retirees with more than 20 years of service began paying premiums, effective July 1, 2013, equivalent to 1 percent of their pension benefits if they were eligible for Medicare or 2 percent if they were not eligible for Medicare. Those levels changed on July 1 of this year to 2 percent for Medicare-eligible retirees and 4 percent for retirees not eligible for Medicare.
The average state government employee pension is $24,000 per year, AFSCME spokesman Anders Lindall said. For a retiree at that income level who isn't eligible for Medicare, the current health premium would be $80 per month. It would be $40 for a Medicare-eligible retiree.
Because the average state university retiree pension is $32,000 per year, the monthly premium would be $107 for a retiree at that income level who isn't eligible for Medicare, and $53 per month for a Medicare-eligible retiree.
Springfield resident Jeff Greenberg, 65, said Thursday's ruling was good news. He retired as an AFSCME-represented clerk with the Illinois secretary of state's office in 2009 and deals with many out-of-pocket expenses associated with Crohn's disease.
Though some may consider Greenberg's monthly health premium to the state for Medicare supplemental coverage modest, the $20 expense has made his family's budget even tighter. His 56-year-old wife works as a clerk for a private medical clinic, and he said he is too sick to work.
"When you're making roughly half of the amount you were making when you were working, everything is expensive," Greenberg said. "We don't have any extras."
He said state retirees deserve to receive the benefits they were promised. The state's financial condition, he said, is "not our fault."
Contact Dean Olsen: email@example.com, 788-1543, twitter.com/DeanOlsenSJR.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Returning Online Shoppers
If you are a returning customer, please login below to automatically bring up your information.
Did you forget your password?
Questions or problems with this form? Please call us at 1-847-395-3800
NOTE FOR RETAILERS: Administrative and Purchasing accounts are separate; to purchase an item, you must set up a purchase
account (which you can do above, if you haven't already). When you are setting up your Purchasing account, you can use the
same Username and Password as your Administrative account, or you could set up different Username and Passwords for
different buyers or stores in your company.
If you can any questions or problems with form, please e-mail us by completing our contact form - Click here
or call us at 1-847-395-3800.


text:
General Comments: Futures closed lower. Good arrivals in Africa are negative and are continuing. Ivory Coast arrivals are strong, and the trend for strong arrivals from there should continue. However, arrivals from other West African countries are starting to move lower. Malaysia and Indonesia crops appear to be in good condition and weather is called favorable. Overall weather patterns in West Africa production areas are good for harvest progress. Demand is reported weaker from the US and Europe, in part due to current economics and in part due to changes forced by the World Bank that encouraged forward marketing of the crops. Traders are starting to look ahead and past the midcrop harvest and note that the market could move to a production déficit next year. Ivory Cost growing conditions are reported good right now as the Harmattan winds are subsiding without causing any real damage to crops. Some showers have been reported as well. The better weather is needed as it was too dry last year.
Overnight News: Mostly dry conditions are expected in West Africa, but some showers ar expecte. Temperatures will average mostly above normal. Malaysia and Indonesia should see episodes of scattered showers, but Malaysia will be drier this weekend. Temperatures should average near normal. Brazil will get scattered showers and warm temperatures. ICE certified stocks are lower today at 3.754 million bags. LIFFE stocks are 2,642 standard lots, 146 large lots, and 3 bulk lots.
Chart Trends: Trends in New York are down with objectives of 2175 and 2100 March. Support is at 2155, 2145, and 2115 March, with resistance at 2230, 2250, and 2275 March. Trends in London are mixed to down with objectives of 1425 March. Support is at 1425, 1410, and 1405 March, with resistance at 1455, 1465, and 1480 March.
General Comments: Futures were higher as speculators contemplated less planted area next year and also expected a strong export sales report this morning. Bull spreads were featured once again as the market tries to find some Cotton. Those looking for Cotton are having a tough time as supplies do not seem to be out there, or at least are not available to the market. Export sales have been strong for the last month to six weeks, and strong sales are expected to continue after the failed Chinese government auction a week ago. Buyers there said that the government wanted high prices for inferior Cotton and that they would continue to import even with higher taxes. The current low prices are bringing into question what farmers in Texas and the Delta and Southeast will plant this year. Some are wondering if planted area might be lower this year here in the US due to weak prices against competing crops. The area lost would go mostly to Corn and Soybeans. Current weather features some precipitation in Delta and Southeast areas, but western Texas was mostly dry. Delta areas will turn dry this week. Ideas are that the market can continue to work higher overall.
Overnight News: The Delta and Southeast will see mostly dry conditions, although a few showers are possible early next week. Temperatures will average near to above normal, then above to much above normal starting on Sunday. Texas will get dry weather this week and a shower this weekend. Temperatures will average near to above normal this weekend and above to much above normal next week. The USDA spot price is now 77.42 ct/lb. ICE said that certified Cotton stocks are now 0.110 million bales, from 0.108 million yesterday. USDA said that net Upland Cotton export sales were 213,700 bales this year and 29,700 bales next year. Net Pima sales were 20,700 bales this year and 0 bales next year.
Chart Trends: Trends in Cotton are up with objectives of 9100 March. Support is at 80.55, 79.90, and 78.00 March, with resistance of 84.00, 85.25, and 87.00 March.
Next page: Orange Juice, Sugar and Coffee


text:
Weak employee oversight allowed a former government official to bilk the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency out of nearly $900,000, according to internal reports.
The findings pertain to wage and travel expense fraud committed by John Beale, a senior policy analyst at EPA's Office of Air and Radiation who recently pleaded guilty to felony theft of government property.
On Dec. 18, Beale was sentenced to two years and eight months in prison.
Between 2000 and 2013, Beale would regularly miss work at the EPA because he falsely claimed to be working for the Central Intelligence Agency, according to the "statement of offense" filed in the criminal case.
"Beale simply did not show up to work at the EPA-OAR on days he claimed he was working at the CIA, yet still received his EPA salary as if he had performed his EPA-assigned duties for each of those days," the document said.
During a six-month period in 2008, Beale failed to show up at EPA at all, claiming he was spending time at CIA's headquarters in Langley, Va., or working on a "research project" that was never completed, the document said.
In September 2011, Beale announced his retirement from the agency and even held a dinner cruise celebration on the Potomac River, but nonetheless continued collecting paychecks until April 2013, the document said.
These tactics allowed Beale to get paid for about 2.5 years of work at the EPA that he didn't actually do, the document said.
He also spent tens of thousands of dollars taking unnecessary trips to California, received bonuses he wasn't eligible for, and lied about contracting malaria while fighting in the Vietnam War to obtain expensive parking privileges, the document said.
The activities collectively cost the federal government more than $886,000, the document said.
According to an analysis conducted by EPA's Office of Inspector General, Beale was able to defraud the agency because its managers considered his pay issues an "administrative matter" rather than potentially criminal.
The EPA lacked automated controls that could have prevented Beale from collecting the unauthorized bonuses, and controls were bypassed to allow him to avoid pay limits, the report said.
Managers also "mass approved" attendance records without any supervisory review, contributing to Beale's ability to miss work, the report said.
His story of working as a CIA agent also aided the fraud, as managers "did not want to compromise national security or jeopardize Beale's cover," the report said.
In another report, the Office of Inspector General examined Beale's travel expenses and found that managers conducted "limited review" of vouchers and receipts.
Questions about the travel expenses were dismissed because it was assumed they were approved by Beale's supervisor, the report said.
Alisha Johnson, a spokesperson for EPA, said the agency commends the federal prosecutors and the Office of Inspector General for securing the conviction.
The EPA has been working with the OIG and the U.S. Attorneys' Office to "establish additional safeguards to help protect against further fraud and abuse related to employee time and attendance," as well as tighter controls on travel and bonuses, she said in an email.
As part of his plea agreement, Beale must pay more than $886,000 in restitution. He also agreed to forfeit $500,000 in cash.
Beale and the government had agreed on an "offense level" that would result in a prison term of 30 months to 37 months under federal sentencing guidelines.
According to a court document submitted by Beale's attorneys, he was highly involved in crafting amendments to the Clean Air Act in 1990 and then implementing those changes.
Beale shaped policy regarding polluted air that travels across political boundaries, air quality standards and low-emission vehicles, the document said. He also participated international climate change discussions.
Apart from greed, he committed the offenses beginning in 2000 due to "a highly self-destructive and dysfunctional need to engage in excessively reckless, risky behavior and to manipulate those around him through the fabrication of grandiose narratives about himself that are fueled by his insecurities," the document said.


text:
Will E Clicket found this triptych in Gundaroo, New South Wales, Australia.
Thanks, Will
A Blog dedicated to rusty mailboxes anywhere. If you know of a rusty mailbox that you would like to share please send a picture to firstname.lastname@example.com. Include as much information as you would like - location (be as specific as you wish) and especially whether the box is still in use.
Here is the mailbox that inspired this blog. It was in Columbus, Ohio, on Dublin Road north of Trabue Road - no longer accepting mail, as a new cousin stands across the road. Send in your pictures of rusty mailboxes to join it!


text:
July 09. 2014 11:58PM
Drew Cline: Scott Brown plans to win over NH one handshake at a time
During the 2012 Massachusetts U.S. Senate race, Elizabeth Warren relentlessly attacked Scott Brown, who is pro-choice, as anti-woman. She won women by 18 points. Now that Brown is running for U.S. Senate in New Hampshire, incumbent U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, no innovator, has copied Warren's playbook.
During an interview with Brown Wednesday afternoon, at almost exactly the same time I asked Brown how he responds to Shaheen's effort to cast him as anti-woman, the Shaheen campaign issued a news release claiming that Brown "can't be trusted to stand up for women's access to basic health services."
Brown's response to the Shaheen campaign copying Warren's attacks: "Good. If they use that playbook, they lose."
Shaheen's campaign believes otherwise. Since Monday, Shaheen's campaign and Senate office have issued a combined 11 news releases. Seven of them were direct appeals to women voters. Shaheen's plan is to pull independent and Republican women into her column by portraying Brown (she is ignoring Brown's GOP primary rivals Bob Smith and Jim Rubens) as callously indifferent to women.
Brown plans to win over those same women, and anyone else who will listen, one by one.
Brown has spent months driving his famous green pickup truck all over New Hampshire. Really, all over. He knocked on doors in Pittsburg, which has seldom received much attention from politicians not named Ray Burton. Brown says he puts 200 to 300 miles a day on his truck so he can meet voters face to face.
"That's where it's won," he said Wednesday. "It's one on one. It's business to business. It's fairs; it's games." His favorite place to campaign is the supermarket, one in particular.
"Market Basket is, quite honestly, one of the best places." Since he does the family grocery shopping, he is there a lot, he said. Sometimes he'll just go to meet people. "In our state, it's retail politics."
This week, a super PAC that backs Jim Rubens began attacking Brown for not being Republican enough. The NH PAC to Save America says Brown voted with President Obama 61 percent of the time in 2010, 70 percent in 2011 and 78 percent in 2012. Brown gives a smile when the figures are brought up. He is more than happy to talk about the charge that he is not Republican enough.
"I am actually the only person in the primary who's a lifelong Republican," he says. In 1993, the year before he was elected to the state Senate as a Republican, Jim Rubens helped organize a third party called the New Majority. In 1999, U.S. Sen. Bob Smith denounced the Republican Party, called it "a fraud," and the next year ran for President on the Constitution Party ticket.
The Washington Post's vote analyses show Brown voting with the Republican Party 81 percent of the time in the 111th Congress and 61 percent of the time in the 112th.
Brown brushes off his rivals' criticisms and does not return them. "I respect them. I respect their supporters," he said. He is more interested in talking about two records: his and Jeanne Shaheen's.
Shaheen, he says, is a guaranteed vote for Obama's failed policies, a politician who puts party first. He points to her Congressional Quarterly-certified record of voting 99 percent with Obama and says his record proves he would be a better senator for New Hampshire.
"I'm an independent voter and thinker; I always have been," he said. "My record has always been about 50-50, give or take a few," on partisan breakdown, he said. If sent to D.C., he would put New Hampshire first and work with both sides.
"If you want to send me down there to do nothing, I'm not your guy. ... I want to solve problems."
But first he has to get through a primary and a general election. He is attempting that by spending every day meeting as many people as he can. "I'm running like I'm 30 points behind," he said. "I can't work any harder right now."
Shaheen is working hard, too. Her campaign is almost entirely devoted to portraying Brown as a cold, heartless pawn of special interests who is indifferent to women and the non-wealthy. Those same smears worked against John Sununu in 2008. Brown hopes he can counter them by meeting as many voters as possible and letting them decide whether they believe Shaheen's attacks or their own eyes. So if you see a guy who looks like Scott Brown pushing a shopping cart in Market Basket, it probably is him.
Andrew Cline is editorial page editor of the New Hampshire Union Leader. His column runs on Thursdays. You can follow him on Twitter @Drewhampshire.


text:
|To find your department
> >
> >
Or browse complete list
|How to use the interactive maps
How to use the interactive maps
|Zoom In
|Click on this button, then either draw a box or click on the map, to zoom in and view a smaller area. As you zoom in, more information becomes visible, such as street names.
|Zoom Out
|Click on this button, then click on the map, to zoom out and view a larger area. You can also draw a small box to zoom out a lot, or a large box to zoom out just a bit.
|Click on this button, then on the map, to pan the map by recentering where you click.
|Click on this button, then on a fire, to learn more about that fire.
|Click on this button to search for fires, fire stations, or other features. Features that you find will be highlighted on the map, and their information will be displayed within a popup window. You can click on the name of any feature in the popup window and the map will recenter on the feature.
|Clear Map
|Click on this button to clear highlighted map features.
|Click on this button to restore the original map view.
|To see more information, such as schools, check the box next to those items in the legend, and then click on "Update the map." Usually it's better to zoom in first, so the map isn't too crowded. To turn off an item, uncheck it, and then "Update."


text:
Sebago Mens Docksides Boat Shoe New Brown efoxA
Dual USB flash drive that stands out thanks to its cap in the shape of a rocket engine. Serve as external data storage for Android 4.1 and higher. The conical...
Sleek design USB Flash drives Adata UV128 offers a sliding connector through which its use is simple and fast. His worry about lost caps throw your head!...
JBU by Jambu Womens Ava Ballet Flat Grey/Glass 5fxhDLcKT1
In Stock 3-5 pcs
Small stylish metal flash drive for simplicity and durability .. Thanks to the manufacturing process, COB (chip on board) is quite resistant to dust, water and...
Capacity [GB]: 32 Color: Metallic Interface: USB-A 3.1, backward compatible with USB 2.0 and microUSB Read Speed [MB/s]: Not Specified Write Speed...
In Stock > 5 pcs
Sidi Ergo 4 Carbon Mega Road Shoes 40 White tVKhVqP
Get a performance advantage with Supersonic Boost XT. Support for USB 3.0, the new standard USB flash drive. It offers superior transfer speed over USB 3.0...
Metal Flash Drive A-Data Superior Series S102 Pro Smooth aluminum casing USB Flash Drive A-Data Superior Series S102 Pro has a striking and distinctive look and...
Rude and obnoxious comments are a reflection of the speaker, not you! We are simply older versions of our younger selves. The bullies on the playground grew up and became bullies at work. Don't give them your power.
Tim, I wish it weren't true, but sadly it is, at least some of the time.
One of the things Tom mentioned on episode #164 is that it's not usual for narcissists to end up running teams, divisions, and even companies. When I think of the people I've come across in my career that were most narcissistic, many of them have been a very senior leadership roles.
Jessica says
Very good advice! Your comment was short, sweet, and spot on! Thank you for posting this! I needed to see this today.
Brent Meredith. says
I once had a manager that became so upset and vile when it appeared we would miss an unrealistic deadline after I defended one of my team for not releasing a drawing on time that she could not talk to me without being caustic.she resorted to bypassing me and telling one one my team members to tell me what needed to be done and that if things didn't happen I'd be sorry. Many friends and associates suggested I quit working for her and move to another project. I enjoyed the work and the project enough to look past her attitude toward me. I copped by enjoying the work and keeping the rest of the team out of her line of fire. I recognized this was her first major role in a leadership position working with a major customer and that she was under a lot of stress to perform and didn't want to look bad. I had a good working relationship with my counterparts on the customer team which helped alleviate some of the pursue both on myself and my boss. About 6 months later on a business trip that required just the two of us to go on, as we were driving I mentioned that I was sorry I hadn't met her expectations and asked what could have been done differently to have prevented the problems. As she pondered the point and realized that there had been other more significant milestones missed unrelated to mine we started a discussion that became a turning point in our relationship. We parted friends at the end of the successful program. if I had left, I don't believe the project would have turned out as well as it did, more pressure and anger would have fallen on other team members, and this new manager would likely have not grown and learned the valuable lessons she needed to know to become a better manager.
Produced water is a byproduct of oil and gas exploration and production, it is generated in large volumes, and it plays a significant factor in the profitability of oil and gas production wells.
Produced water is water trapped in underground formations that is brought to the surface during oil and gas exploration and production. In traditional oil and gas wells, produced water is brought to the surface along with oil or gas. In coal bed methane production, wells are drilled into coal seams, and the water located there is pumped to the surface in order to allow gas to release from the coal seams. Because the water has been in contact with the hydrocarbon-bearing formation for centuries, it has some of the chemical characteristics of the formation and the hydrocarbon itself. It may include water from the reservoir, water injected into the formation, and any chemicals added during the drilling, production, and treatment processes. Produced water can also be called "brine", "saltwater", or "formation water."
The physical and chemical properties of produced water vary considerably depending on the geographic location of the field, the geological formation from which it comes, and the type of hydrocarbon product being produced. Produced water properties and volume can even vary throughout the lifetime of a reservoir.
The major constituents of interest in produced water are:Salt content Oil and grease inorganic and organic chemicals Naturally occurring radioactive material
This website focuses on beneficial use of produced water. Most produced waters need some form of treatment before it can be used. The levels of specific constituents found in a particular produced water sample and the desired type of reuse will determine the types of treatment that are necessary.
Produced water is by far the largest volume byproduct stream associated with oil and gas exploration and production. Approximately 21 billion bbl (barrels; 1 bbl = 42 U.S. gallons) of produced water are generated each year in the United States from about 900,000 wells. This is equivalent to a volume of 2.4 billion gallons per day. Within the five Rocky Mountain States that are the focus of this website (Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming), approximately 430 million gallons of produced water are generated each day. Argonne National Laboratory has recently published a report titled Produced Water Volumes and Management Practices in the United States [PDF].


text:
Older, taller kids would be in car seats under proposed lawBy GARRY RAYNO
State House Bureau
April 02. 2013 10:30PM
CONCORD - Some New Hampshire lawmakers want to increase the time a child is required to ride in a car seat.
On Tuesday, the Senate Transportation Committee voted 5-0 to change the law to under 8 years old - a year older than the House OK'd last month. Current law states children must be in a seat restraint system until they are 6.
The Senate committee also increased the height requirement - from 55 to 57 inches tall.
The two changes would bring New Hampshire into compliance with national recommendations and give the Granite State the same standards as 33 other states, including four in New England.
No one at Tuesday's public hearing on House Bill 242 testified against it.
The bill's prime sponsor, Rep. Sally Kelly, D-Chichester, said national studies show raising the age for children in restraint systems will save lives. She said no child under 13 should be in the front seat of a car.
Department of Safety statistics indicate that 65 to 75 percent of people in fatal accidents were not wearing seatbelts. New Hampshire has a voluntary seatbelt law, although surveys indicate about 75 percent of people in vehicles on New Hampshire highways buckle up.
HB 242 passed the House last month on a 224-137 vote, although the House Transportation Committee had failed to recommend the bill when it contained the age and height requirements the Senate committee added Tuesday.
House Transportation Committee Chairman Rep. Candace Bouchard, D-Concord, said her committee tied 9-9 on the original bill.
"Some committee members do not believe the state should be dictating to parents what to do with their child," she said.
She indicated the bill may have a more difficult time passing with the higher age and height.
The bill is likely to be voted on by the full Senate later this month.
If the Senate approves the changes, the bill would go back to the House for another vote.
The Department of Safety supports the bill, along with the New Hampshire Highway Safety Agency, the Department of Health and Human Services, the NH Medical Society, the NH Public Health Association, the Brain Injury Association of NH and several insurance companies, including State Farm and the American Automobile Association of Northern New England.
Public Safety Politics Social issues New Hampshire Top Section Stories


text:
City benefits: Another Obamacare victim
October 02. 2013 6:34PM
If you want to know why labor unions are turning on Obamacare, look no further than Manchester. The President's health care "reform" law has presented city officials with this choice: Slash health care benefits or pay an estimated $3 million a year in penalties.
Workplace Benefit Solution is the company that manages the city's employee benefit plans. On Tuesday, Tom DeLacey, a principal consultant with the company, told aldermen that the city is about to get hit hard by Obamacare. The law already has imposed costs of $196,800 in this fiscal year. The big hit is coming.
The city offers extremely generous employee health benefits. Obamacare discourages that practice by taxing it — heavily. Obamacare imposes a 40 percent excise tax on health benefits worth more than $10,200 for individuals and $27,500 for families. This "Cadillac tax" is designed not to raise revenue, but to wipe out such plans. It might have that effect in Manchester, where teachers, police officers, highway workers, etc., enjoy precisely the sort of lavish benefits targeted by Obamacare.
DeLacey told aldermen on Tuesday that the Cadillac tax will cost Manchester about $3 million (for both the city and the school district) when it takes effect in 2018.
"These are costs that will have to be shared by the employee and employers. I would think everyone would want to mitigate the impact of that cost, and you'll want to do that sooner than later."
There is only one way to "mitigate the impact of that cost," and that is to slash health insurance benefits.
The Cadillac tax will reduce union bargaining power as well as union health benefits. Benefit levels will have to be dropped below the tax trigger, where they will stay. It is one more union bargaining chip lost — and one more unintended consequence of this ill-conceived law.


text:
Jeannette Wicks-Lim: The possibility of educating one's way out of poverty is getting dim as most new jobs only require a high school education
All donations in the US and Canada are tax deductible.
To make a secure donation by credit or debit card. Please choose your location, or select PayPal.
In the USA
Make Checks Payable To:
IWT - The Real News Network
231 N. Holliday St.
Baltimore, MD 21202
In Canada
Make checks payable to:
Realnews Foundation
P.O. Box 68512
360A Bloor Street West
Toronto, Ontario M5S 3C9


text:
Active ingredient: afatinib
The medicines below all contain the following active ingredient(s): afatinib. You can select a medicine from this list to find out more - including side effects, age restrictions, food interactions and whether the medicine is subsidised by the government on the pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS).
This medicine was verified as being available on the PBS (Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme) on 1 October 2018
The PBS provides a list of government subsidised medicines available to be dispensed to patients. Further information can be found on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme website.


text:
Advertisement | Advertise Here
An August wedding is being planned by Leanna Shaffer and Timothy Jewart, both of Butler.
The bride-to-be is the daughter of Kevin and Lorraine Shaffer of West Sunbury. Parents of the prospective bridegroom are Eddie and Pamela Jewart of Butler.
The bride-elect is a 2007 graduate of Butler High School.
She is the assistant branch manager of Woodforest National Bank in Butler.
Her fiance graduated in 1996 from Butler High School and in 1997 from the Sawyer School of Business.
He is the assistant general manager at Advance Auto Parts in Butler.


text:
DENVER - Gays and lesbians celebrated a long-awaited victory Tuesday morning when the Legislature approved a bill for civil unions.
The vote came 21 years after Colorado voters adopted Amendment 2, a law that prohibited gay rights laws and was later overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court.
It came just more than six years after Colorado voters banned gay marriage and rejected domestic partnerships for same-sex couples.
And it came less than a year after an unprecedented shutdown of the House of Representatives by Republicans who wanted to prevent a civil-unions bill from getting a vote last year.
Sentiment on the issue - as well as Colorado political landscape - has changed quickly. On Tuesday, it was a Colorado Springs Democrat who noted the gravity of the moment.
"For thousands of people across Colorado, today is a day that will be remembered for the rest of their lives," said Rep. Pete Lee. "Today, March 11, 2013, is a day that will live in their hearts, because it is a day that we fulfill Colorado's constitutional promise, which grants everyone inalienable rights to enjoy their lives and liberty, to seek and obtain their happiness."
The measure grants gay couples rights similar to marriage, including enhanced inheritance and parental rights. People in civil unions also would have the ability to make medical decisions for their partners.
Senate Bill 11 passed the House 39-26.
Locally, Rep. Mike McLachlan, D-Durango, voted for the bill, while Rep. Don Coram, R-Montrose, opposed it. Last month, Sen. Ellen Roberts, R-Durango, was the only Republican to vote for SB 11 in the upper chamber.
Several dozen people watching from the House gallery left smiling and hugging, and some wiped away tears of joy.
Once the measure is signed, Colorado will join a dozen other states that have civil unions or similar laws. Six states allow gay marriage.
"This is the best step toward equality Colorado could take right now. I'm thankful we got it done," said Katy Jensen, a 34-year-old Denver engineer who plans a civil union with her partner after the bill becomes law on May 1.
Last year, Democratic Sen. Jessie Ulibarri, a gay lawmaker serving his first term, was among those in the House gallery with his children, watching as Republicans used their one-vote majority in the House to prevent the measure from being debated in the waning hours of the session, thus killing the bill.
"I sat with my kids at midnight, wondering what was going to happen the next time we had a tragedy. What would happen if I had to take my kids to the ER and then I was questioned whether or not I was really their dad," said Ulibarri, one of eight gay Democratic lawmakers serving in the Colorado Legislature.
Civil unions for gay couples became a rallying cry for Democrats who took control of the Colorado House in last year's elections, and they vowed an early vote on the proposal.
"Elections have consequences," said Republican Rep. Frank McNulty, the former House speaker.
Democrats now control both chambers of the Legislature, and the party elected Colorado's first gay House speaker, Mark Ferrandino. He sponsored the bill.
"The people spoke in November, and we are fulfilling a promise we made at the end of last session," Ferrandino said Tuesday.
Most Republicans opposed the bill, which grants rights equal to marriage under state law to either same-sex or opposite-sex couples.
Rep. Chris Holbert, R-Parker, lamented the lack of a "conscience clause" for people who oppose homosexuality on religious grounds to refuse to serve same-sex couples. He thinks churches could be sued for refusing to rent out their chapels for civil union ceremonies.
"I have every confidence that question will be tested in court," Holbert said.
However, the bill exempts churches. It does, however, require nonprofits and businesses run by religious organizations - such as adoption agencies - to follow anti-discrimination laws.
Republicans also argued civil unions were too similar to marriage, and that they would undermine the institution of marriage.
"Civil unions are not marriage. They are something that are separate, and distinct, and lesser, and unequal," Democratic Sen. Pat Steadman said. "And that really is not good enough. We passed this bill because this is the best we can do."
When asked, five of the eight gay Democratic lawmakers said after the vote that they would get civil unions. It was a difficult question for Steadman, whose longtime partner, Dave Misner, died of cancer last year.
"Some of us don't get that opportunity," Steadman said.
Rep. Cheri Gerou, R-Evergreen, was one of two Republicans to vote for the bill Tuesday. She jabbed Republican leaders for thwarting last year's bill, which did have the conscience clause that Republicans tried and failed to add in this week's debate.
"All those amendments made it onto the bill that was before us last year. It never made it to the floor," Gerou said.
The bill now goes to Gov. John Hickenlooper, who has said he will sign it.
firstname.lastname@example.com. Associated Press writer Ivan Moreno contributed to this story.


text:
Nature Explorations
No matter what the weather or season, you can explore nature with these 11 challenges. See just how good your observation skills are by comparing butterflies, leaves, reptiles, fish, and more. Then record your own observations in a field journal.
More About This Resource...
With these activities young children can explore the wonders of nature with the help of an adult. The challenge here is to compare examples within categories of field evidence, and then to observe nature with printable field journal pages.
- There are 11 comparison activities: Seashells, Birds, Insects, Butterflies, Rocks, Leaves, Animal Tracks, Reptiles, Flowers, Fish, and Spiders.
- On the first page of each comparison activity, there are photos of three different objects; students are asked to describe the differences between them. There is a fun fact for each photo.
- The field journal, which is a printable page, has places to record a name, the date, weather conditions, and written and illustrated observations.
- The last page includes instructions designed to focus the exploration, along with questions to think about.
Completion Time
Approximately 1 period
Teacher Tip
National Science Education Standards
Grades K-4:
Science as Inquiry CONTENT STANDARD A:
• abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry
Physical Science CONTENT STANDARD B:
• properties of objects and materials• position and motion of objects
Life Science CONTENT STANDARD C:
• the characteristics of organisms
Earth and Space Science CONTENT STANDARD D:
• properties of earth materials
History and Nature of Science CONTENT STANDARD G:
• science as a human endeavor
SubtopicTools and Methods