To determine the effect of suppression of epileptiform activity that develops after hypoxic‐ischemic injury in the immature brain, chronically instrumented near‐term fetal sheep (119–133 days) were subjected to 30 minutes of complete cerebral ischemia: 6 were given a 0.3‐mg/kg bolus of MK‐801 at 6 hours after the insult followed by continuous infusion of 1 mg/kg over the next 36 hours, and were compared to 6 control sheep. Electrocorticographic activity and edema within the parasagittal region of the cortex were quantified with real‐time spectral analysis and impedance measurements, respectively. Histological outcome was assessed 72 hours later. The intense epileptiform activity seen from 9 ± 2 to 30 ± 3 hours in the control group was completely suppressed in the MK‐801‐treated group. The onset of secondary cortical edema was delayed from 9.4 ± 1.1 hours to 14.8 ± 0.7 hours (p < 0.01). Neuronal damage was reduced, particularly in the lateral cortex and hippocampus (p < 0.05). Infarction of the parasagittal cortex was not prevented. These results suggest that N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate‐mediated epileptiform activity that develops after a global hypoxic‐ischemic insult worsens neuronal outcome in the immature brain.


Glaucoma is second most disease causing vision loss in dogs. Retinal ganglion cell death caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and it leading to irreversible vision loss in dogs and humans. Early detection and regularly monitoring of glaucomatous dog is essential to maintain vision for a long time. Currently, detection and monitoring of glaucoma mainly rely on measurement of IOP by tonometers in dogs. Since introduction of the ultrasonic pachymeter, correlation between central corneal thickness (CCT) and glaucoma is widely investigated in humans. CCT is known to the most potent predictor of conversion of ocular hypertension into glaucoma in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study. Although, central and peripheral thickness of the cornea was already investigated,


Not the opening lines of my text, alas, but those of the novel with reference to which "Can the Taught Book Speak?" first speaks to us. And these are riveting lines. Enigmatic lines. "Stately, plump Buck Mulligan" — just the first four words of this massive novel, and already we find so much: an Irish name, "Mulligan," which gives us a start as to where all this is set, and — working backwards — a nickname, "Buck," which will tell us something of this character's character, and, qualifying this, an adjective, "plump," whose funny-sensuous sound seems itself to speak a corporeal, earthy fatness, a fatness that, in "plump, Buck Mulligan," reverberates through the repeated letter U. But is there already a tension with "Stately," capitalized, the opening of this text? Can this humorous figure be stately? What state is it he or we are in? These young men are shaving, starting their day, at 8.00 a.m. on 16 June, in 1904 in Dublin. This is the state they are in early in the morning. And this is the state, or non-state, of Ireland.


A method is described for representing ship hull forms by use of the exponential splines and viscous resistance calculations based on a higher-order boundary layer theory. Higher order terms retained in the boundary layer equations were examined on the basis of the flow characteristics measured near the stern for an 8-meter-long ship model. The higher order boundary layer equations are solved by the integral method, and then frictional and viscous pressure resistance components are calculated separately by integrating wall shear stress and pressure over the hull surface to obtain explicitly the correlation between hull form and viscous resistance components. From comparison between calculations and measurements, it is found that the method predicts the viscous resistance of full form ships with allowable accuracy and can become a useful tool for systematic investigations of various ship forms in the course of hull form design.


This study uses a qualitative approach this is an approach to build knowledgebased constructive perspective statements. Informants in this study were the meatballs merchant of Lusah Mandiri. Primary qualitative data retrieved directly using indepth interviews to obtain data. The purpose of this study is how the reference group capable motivate SME entrepreneurs to develop businesses that have been cultivated over the years. The benefit of this research is a collaboration between SMEs and educational institutions to develop the entrepreneurial spirit so that people have a desire to run a business or expanding a business. Besides the SME entrepreneurs to develop successfully themselves, they are able to inspire other entrepreneurs and SME community, the results of this research are for joining the group, meatballs entrepreneurs motivated and committed to develop businesses meatballs .. Patterns of thinking becomes more developed and open, insights into growing, the perspective of the business to be different. Moreover, the reference to the media to assist operational issues. That occur when managing. Kesimpulan of this study is a reference group has an influence on increasing motivation meatballs entrepreneurs in developing their business. The suggestion of this research is to increase the role of business groups to empower people in developing entrepreneurship in order to become a source of income


Accounting policy is important for any enterprise, since it is pledged specific rules which apply in preparing and presenting financial statements. Development of accounting policy is a complex and lengthy process. In this study, we set for purpose to systematize the stages through which the development of an accounting policy and the need for disclosure.


A method of removing a polymeric coating from sidewalls of an etched trench defined in a silicon wafer is provided. The method comprises etching the wafer in a biased plasma etching chamber using an O2 plasma. The chamber temperature is in the range of 90 to 180 °C.


Cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Though several pharmacological treatments for severe dysfunction exist, much recent work has focused on the transplantation of adult-derived stem and progenitor cells. Early acute functional improvements have been noted, however long-term clinical efficacy is hampered by poor cell survival and engraftment. While the current treatment is infusion into the coronary artery, biomaterials may play an important role in modulating implanted cell function. This work aims to establish the role that a naturally derived extracellular matrix plays in the differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and their potentially protective enzymatic systems. To test this hypothesis, we cultured rat CPCs in a naturally derived porcine ECM (pECM) and compared it to Collagen I. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess expression of cardiac, endothelial and smooth muscle markers. Additionally, angiotensin receptor (AT1R and AT2R) and antioxidant gene expressions were evaluated to determine the protective qualities of pECM. Preliminary data at 2 days following LIF removal demonstrate an increase in the expression of cardiac lineage markers (Nkx-2.5, Gata-4, α-MHC, and troponin I) in pECM compared to collagen. Smooth muscle markers, smooth muscle α-actin and sm22α as well as the endothelial marker Flk1 were also increased in pECM samples. Increased expression was also seen for antioxidant genes GPX1, SOD1, SOD2 and catalase in pECM cultured cells. Culturing in pECM for 7 days demonstrated an increase in Flt-1 and α-myosin heavy chain, indicating a potential increase in cardiogenesis. Moreover a 60% reduction in AT1R gene expression was observed with no significant change in AT2R expression. Our data demonstrate that culturing CPCs in naturally derived matrices may provide protection and enhance differentiation compared to collagen (present in high amounts in scarred myocardium). Future work will further elucidate this protective effect of AT1R downregulation and antioxidant increases in functional studies. In conclusion, pECM may be a potential cell delivery scaffold in post-MI treatment given its protective nature and improved differentiation influence.


Many would argue that the National Environmental Management: Waste Act (59 of 2008 (NEMWA)) is more trouble than it's worth and isn't fulfilling its purpose. Some go so far as to say it as an impediment to implementing the waste hierarchy effectively. To some extent, sustainable re-use and recycling is actually hampered by the red tape created by this Act.


This book explores the complex dimensions of the 'high stake rentier politics that underlies and interfaces Nigeria's economy, the state and society', and how that nexus 'impacts on oil conflict and security'. It attempts to distil and explicate the connections between an oil rentier state and violent conflict, which poses a threat both to society and to the oil supply. This effort is a significant addition to the rapidly growing literature on the complex crisis in Nigeria's oil-rich Niger Delta region by Nigerian and non-Nigerian scholars. Its importance is further reinforced by the rising violence in the Niger Delta, which has both assumed the proportions of a full-blown insurgency, as well as raised fears among the world's oil-importing industrial powers, which are concerned about the threats that the local conflicts in the oil Delta pose to their worldwide energy interests. High stakes and stakeholders adds a new critique to the extant literature or discourses on oil conflict in Nigeria, which are observed as being 'replete with diverse polemical conundrums' (4). Its point of departure lies in a 'critical interrogation and rethinking of some of the conventional wisdom and misconception of the oil conflict' (5). While the author identifies the main players in the oil conflict as the Nigerian state, the Transnational Oil Corporations (TNOCs) and the oil-bearing communities, it does clarify that Nigeria is not a 'classic' rentier state in the 'Middle East sense'. However, the author is not specific on the kind of rentier state Nigeria is, apart from broadly highlighting the lack of a coherent elite consensus in Nigeria, the high stakes, and the country's large population. The main argument of the book is that high stake rentier politics underlies and complicates the oil conflict. Oil conflict and insecurity are seen to be inherent in rentierism. The third chapter provides a brilliant and well-researched study and analysis of the historical and institutional context of oil conflict. Apart from a rather broad and superficial treatment of the foreign policy dimensions of oil conflict, the historical, political, economic ramifications of the oil rentier high stakes are handled well. Three important points are made: first, that 'life in the Niger Delta is generally desperate and poor' (32); the second relates to the need for a rethinking of the dominant discourses of extraversion, particularly as they relate to the State TNOC alliance (48); and third, that not all conflicts in the Niger Delta are related to anti-oil protests. The author disagrees with those who argue that the Nigerian state is subordinated to TNOCs. In his view, the 'interests of oil companies are largely subordinated to those of the state' (49). Furthermore, he argues that TNOCs have a lot of leverage over the oil communities, but not the state. The point on TNOC subordination to the Nigerian state, though controvertible, does indicate the need for a more nuanced understanding of state oil relations in Nigeria. It is not, however, clear that the author is right, given the obvious state dependence on foreign oil companies, technology and expertise to produce oil, share Journal of Contemporary African Studies Vol. 26, No. 2, April 2008, 231 239


Abstract Indicators are a fundamental tool for destinations in their progress towards a more sustainable tourism development. However, the lack of real progress and the accelerated technological change are obliging policy makers to rethink the existing indicator systems. This paper examines the relationship between smart cities and destinations and sustainable tourism indicators by analyzing proposals at different scales. It provides a critical review of international smart city standards and the role that sustainability indicators play within them. Then, it conducts a content analysis of planning instruments applied in smart strategies in Spain, focusing on how sustainability indicators are considered under the smart paradigm. At the regional-local scale, this research compares two sets of indicators and tests the scientific validity of one of them for addressing the imbalance suffered by many indicators between their usefulness for policy makers and their academic rigor. The results show that little progress has been achieved despite the appropriation of the sustainability discourse by smart city and smart destination promoters. These findings reveal the (limited) real contribution made by smart cities/destinations to sustainable tourism development and contribute to identifying weaknesses and opportunities so as to redirect smart policies and projects. A final discussion contextualizes the findings within the novel framework of smart sustainability and highlights the need to reinforce public governance of urban and tourist spaces.


In this study, We inspected whether the multiple longshore bar is formed by the combination of three kinds of different erosion type waves of the breaking position experimentally. When the wave acted in low order of the wave height, the bar which was formed of a low wave of the wave height was disappeared by the action of a high wave of the wave height, and became the equilibrium beach section which existing only the bar which was formed of the high wave of the wave height. In contrast, when the wave acted in high order of the wave height, the traction excelled in the offing side of the breaking position, and the bar which was formed of the high wave of the wave height was disappeared by the action of the wave which was lower than it. Therefore, in the experiment using the rule wave in beach incline 1/15, when it acted by the different erosion type wave of the breaking position, the equilibrium beach section of one step of the bar was formed by the wave which acted finally. From this, it is thought that it is difficult for the multiple longshore bar to form it by the combination of waves under this experiment condition.


In this paper we study the problem of protecting privacy in the publication of set-valued data. Consider a collection of supermarket transactions that contains detailed information about items bought together by individuals. Even after removing all personal characteristics of the buyer, which can serve as links to his identity, the publication of such data is still subject to privacy attacks from adversaries who have partial knowledge about the set. Unlike most previous works, we do not distinguish data as sensitive and non-sensitive, but we consider them both as potential quasi-identifiers and potential sensitive data, depending on the knowledge of the adversary. We define a new version of the k-anonymity guarantee, the k-anonymity, to limit the effects of the data dimensionality and we propose efficient algorithms to transform the database. Our anonymization model relies on generalization instead of suppression, which is the most common practice in related works on such data. We develop an algorithm which finds the optimal solution, however, at a high cost which makes it inapplicable for large, realistic problems. Then, we propose a greedy heuristic, which performs generalManolis Terrovitis Institute for the Management of Information Systems (IMIS) Research Center "Athena" E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Nikos Mamoulis Dept. of Computer Science University of Hong Kong E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Panos Kalnis Div. of Mathematical and Computer Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology E-mail: email@example.com izations in an Apriori, level-wise fashion. The heuristic scales much better and in most of the cases finds a solution close to the optimal. Finally, we investigate the application of techniques that partition the database and perform anonymization locally, aiming at the reduction of the memory consumption and further scalability. A thorough experimental evaluation with real datasets shows that a vertical partitioning approach achieves excellent results in practice.


The emergence of the drug-resistant Influenza A strains including the antiviral resistant 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) highlighted this urgent need to develop new antiviral strategies for protecting against infection of Influenza virus. Type I interferon including interferon alpha and beta (IFN-α/β) produced by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens, plays a critical role in viral pathogen clearance during infection. In this study we determined the effect of Alferon N Injection® (a natural interferon alpha product derived from human leukocytes, IFN-α-n3) on the Influenza A virus including pH1N1 virus isolated from pigs, Avian H9N2 and Swine H3N2 viruses in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. The results showed that IFN-α-n3 is able to inhibit replication of these three Influenza A viruses in human alveolar epithelial cells, indicating that IFN-α-n3 may be useful in treating Influenza clinically.


Little is known about the long‐term side‐effects of different treatments for hyperthyroidism. The few studies previously published on the subject either included only women or focused mainly on cancer outcomes. This register study compared the impact of surgery versus radioiodine on all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in a cohort of men and women.


Bis-phosphanated compounds are regarded as the most ubiquitous privileged ligand structures in transition-metal catalysis. The development of highly atom economical reactions is of great importance for their syntheses because less atom economical methods often require complicated purification procedures under inert atmospheres to remove excess starting materials and byproducts. Herein, the photoinduced addition reactions of diphosphane monosulfides bearing PV (S)-PIII single bonds to alkenes is disclosed. These reactions require only equimolar amounts of the diphosphane monosulfide relative to the alkene and facilitate highly selective introduction of two different types of phosphorus-containing groups, such as thiophosphoryl and phosphanyl groups, into a variety of alkenes without any catalyst, base, or additive.


In computed tomography (CT) imaging, if metal is present in the scan, it gives rise to streaks and shadows called metal artifacts. We consider two applications of CT, radiology and luggage screening for aviation security. In radiology, metal artifacts make it difficult to evaluate anatomical structures. In luggage screening, computations on metal-artifact degraded images give rise to false alarms. Therefore metal artifact reduction (MAR) is an active area of research. For medical imaging, we improve upon a class of MAR algorithms that are often called sinogram completion methods. The sinogram (Radon transform) contains the log-attenuation measured by the scanner. In sinogram completion methods, portions of the sinogram contaminated by metal are replaced with estimates of the underlying data. Our improvement comes from segmenting artifacts from anatomy, based on their spatial and intensity distributions. Segmentation yields an intermediate image which when forward-projected, guides the sinogram completion. The corrected sinogram is reconstructed into the final image. We applied our algorithm to CT scans of the head and found that our results improved upon the state-of-the-art. In luggage screening, the variety of scanned articles is larger and the amount of metal is greater, therefore assumptions cannot be made on spatial and intensity distributions. Our strategy here is a hybrid one, combining numerical optimization with sinogram completion. The numerical optimization de-emphasizes metal-contaminated projections. We compared our method to previously published MAR algorithms qualitatively and quantitatively. Our method reduces metal artifacts and preserves more image details than the compared methods. We also developed methods to evaluate the accuracy of segmentation algorithms in CT. The first method is based on mutual information of machine segments (MS) against ground truth (GT) segments. Mutual information is computed from a confusion matrix that contains the quantity of a feature common to MS and GT labels. The second method is based on feature recovery. We compute optimal one-to-one correspondence between GT and MS labels, and extract total and systematic errors. The errors give us insights that can be used for improving the algorithms. The evaluation of these methods themselves was based on synthetic problems and human observer evaluation


The "Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart" (CAPTCHA) is a technique that prevents unauthorized access by bots. Most studies of CAPTCHA systems use human cognitive capacities as a countermeasure to facilitate recognition techniques. Differentiating between natural and awkward objects is an approach used to distinguish humans from bots. However, this approach is vulnerable to adversaries who exploit the differences in relative frequency between natural and awkward objects because of the difficulty in collecting natural objects. In this study, we propose a new scheme that does not require the utilization of natural objects, thereby addressing this shortcoming. Our proposed method requires that humans always distinguish awkward objects, which are generated by different parameters. We evaluated our scheme in several experiments.


A poliomyelitis epidemic apparently occurred in about 1936 in an almost totally isolated population of forest-dwelling Amerindians, suggesting that endemic poliomyelitis may have been present prior to sustained contact with urban populations. (JAMA230:1295-1297, 1974)


In order to improve exploitation in guided transport networks, many approaches have been investigated for the development of tools or systems able to provide needed information. Ours laboratories designed an original radar system that allows inter-vehicle communication. This system called CODIREP - communication detection and identification of broken-down trains - is based on the principle of a co-operative radar using a transponder inside targets. It is made of a transmitter/receiver couple, which equips respectively the front and the rear of two successive vehicles. It uses a numerical correlation receiver and has a broad band of about 100MHz which could be exploited to establish high data flow communications. A preliminary prototype was realized using a technical solution to multiplex communication data and localization code. The tests in free space and tunnel show that a range of 800 m in free space and 700 m in tunnel with a location precision of 1.5 m and a data rate of about 1.6 Mbps could be reached. This remains insufficient for some applications that require more resources. With the system, we intend to reach more than 5 Mbps. The aim of this work is to improve this system by proposing another original coding technique developed in order to increase the data flow rate. Simulations will be executed to evaluate the system's performances in terms of data flow, bit error rate (BER), computing time and complexity.


Aim: The research effort in the aspect of a model of a court control of a decision issued by the President of the Office for Competition and Consumer Protection is predominantly supported by significance and importance of applicable legal solutions in practice. The research was aimed at evaluating the model of court control of decisions of the OCCP President.  Design / Research methods: Due to the scope of the research covered by the author, the core research methods is the dogmatic method. Because of the theoretical and legal nature of the considerations, the main method used in the research was the method of analytical and dogmatic legal research method.  Conclusions / findings: The research shows that it is a complex process to assess the effectiveness of the model for court control of the OCCP President's decisions which is used, in particular in terms of ensuring full and effective guarantee and protection of entrepreneurs' rights. One should agree that the arguments raised by both proponents and antagonists of transformation of the applicable legal solutions seem justified.  Observations from two systems: the model of a control exerted by common court and administrative courts in the context discussed in the paper leads representatives of case law to formulating justified demands for changing the existing model.  Originality / value of the article: The unique nature of competition and consumer law cases is expressed in the hybrid nature of the proceedings run before the OCCP President and, later on, before common courts.  The legislator determined the particular procedure for verifying the governance forms of the impact of the President, which is particularly justified by the nature of competition and consumer protection cases and classifying them formally to civil law cases. Proceedings before the competition and consumer protection court is the first instance proceedings with the purpose of recognising the technical aspects of the case in the light of the civil law provisions. The deliberations presented in the paper clearly lead to the conclusion that submission of the decisions made in competition protection cases to the control of common court is decisive for its scope and applied criteria and, except for legality, criteria such as usefulness, applicability or efficient management are also applied by court. Implications of the research : The deliberations presented in the paper may contribute to initiate works on the transformation of the model for controlling decisions of Polish competition bodies by court.


ABSTRACT Under some circumstances, increased customer participation can enhance customer satisfaction. However, the precise mechanism by which participation might increase satisfaction has not been explored in the literature. This paper considers whether a customer's cognitive ability might affect the relationship between participation and satisfaction. A causal model has been developed to examine the potential interactive effects of participation and cognitive ability on satisfaction, and a simple quantitative model has been proposed to simulate these effects. The results of both a numerical simulation analysis and a quantitative analysis of case study data indicate a significant main effect of cognitive ability on satisfaction. Additionally, an interactive effect has been observed, whereby higher cognitive ability results in higher satisfaction, given a minimum degree of customer participation in the service. Among this study's implications is that customers with different cognitive abilities should have different degrees of participation that act to maximize their satisfaction.


Like strangers in the night, dimly aware of each other's presence, health services researchers and managed mental health organizations have been exchanging glances but not much more. As a result, research findings have had only a negligible effect on managed mental health care. This is not to suggest that clinical practice—what clinicians actually do when they work with patients—has been unaffected by new knowledge, some of which does stem from research. The development of psychoactive drugs, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)‐funded studies on the treatment of depression, and, more recently, the research-based practice guidelines, are three such examples. However, the dominant changes in the way mental health services are provided and paid for that developed in the latter half of the twentieth century (community mental health care and managed care) were not the products of or particularly influenced by research findings. Rather, they came about much more as the result of economic and social factors in the larger society of which mental health services are a part. When, for example, the idea of community mental health centers was gaining momentum in the early 1960s, fostered by the plight of the state mental hospitals, serious consideration was given to first developing a pilot that would evaluate whether and to what extent such a program would work. Although rational and attractive, this idea was abandoned for what appeared to be compelling reasons: It would take too long and thus risk a change in the legislative and executive climate that at the time appeared highly favorable to the passage of major federal mental health legislation. There was also considerable doubt about the value of such research, about whether enough would be learned to make the delay worthwhile. Of course, health services research was much less well developed then than it is today. A great deal of evaluation research on community mental health centers was done, but much later and far removed from the initial policy-making process. By and large, the research results were used to help justify policy decisions already made, to sustain the program, and to meet the needs of the powerful advocacy groups that had coalesced around it. Similarly, but in the private sector, managed mental health care came into being with little, if any, research base (with the exception, perhaps, of what had been done in managed medical care). It was an attempt to fix what appeared to be a major and rapidly growing problem: the escalating costs and questionable quality of mental health services


Lake Buena Vista, Fla. - When approaching lip reconstruction, the dermatologic surgeon should follow the same basic concept for both small and large defects - try to keep the closure as simple as possible, according to J. Robert Hamill Jr., M.D., clinical associate professor of dermatology, University of South Florida and coordinator of the Advanced Dermatology Surgery Clinic Residency program, VA Tampa.


Objective To study the clinical application of blood management in thoracic surgery operation. Methods147 patients with thoracic surgery operations from 2010 to 2011 were divided into bloodless group( n = 82) and control group( n = 65). Preoperative and postoperative indicators,including hematocrit,hemoglobin,RBC and postoperative days,were compared in the two groups. Results In the two groups,hematocrit,hemoglobin and RBC before the operation were not statistically significant( P 0. 05). The value of hematocrit and RBC in the fifth day after the operation also showed no significant difference in these groups,while the hemoglobin in bloodless group was lower than in control group( 110. 9 ± 12. 1) g /L and( 116. 8 ± 15. 2) g / L,respectively( P 0. 05). Additionally,postoperative days were shorter in bloodless group than in control group( 7. 8 ± 1. 6) d,( 9. 5 ± 4. 3),( P 0. 05). Conclusion Blood management can be safe and feasible without the use of any blood products for thoracic surgery operation. Bloodless surgical treatment could be achieved in 79. 3 percent of patients with thoracic surgery operation.


Correspondence selection aiming at seeking correct relationships between two images is a fundamental and critical task in computer vision. This paper attempts to select consistent correspondences in the context of dynamic scenarios where multiple matching consistencies are normally incorporated. To this end, we present a grid-based game-theoretic matching (Grid-GTM) method which is divided into three processes, i.e., grid matching, local games and enrichment. Specifically, grid matching translates the multi-consistency problem into several independent single-consistency problems to decrease difficulties of selection and boost the efficiency. Local games extended under the guidance of a novel payoff function guarantee that mismatches are effectively removed. Enrichment is added to recover correct matches neglected by local games. Crucially, our approach achieves the state-of-the-art performance compared with seven algorithms in comprehensive evaluations. In addition, we construct a dataset that involves multiple consistencies under three different scenes in this paper.


Urban land use is key to rational urban planning and management. Traditional land use classification methods rely heavily on domain experts, which is both expensive and inefficient. In this paper, we explore to utilise deep neural network based approaches to label urban land use at pixel level using high-resolution aerial images and ground-level street images. We use a deep neural network to extract semantic features from sparsely distributed street images and interpolate them in the spatial domain to match the spatial resolution of the aerial images, which are then fused together through a deep neural network for classifying land use categories. We test our methods on a large publicly available aerial and street images dataset of New York City, and the results show that using aerial images alone can achieve relatively high classification accuracy and the ground-level street views contain useful information for urban land use classification. Fusing street image features with aerial images can improve classification accuracy to some extent but the improvement is somewhat limited.


The present disclosure provides a method of screen printing a conductive feature on a substrate, conductive features comprises a metallic anisotropic nanostructures, and a coating solution for that. According to the present invention, the conductive features are formed on a substrate, conductive features comprises a metallic anisotropic nanostructures, conductive characteristics, a coating solution containing a metal anisotropic nanostructures on a substrate screen It is formed by printing. Coating solution for the conductive features of the present invention to screen printing preferably includes a thickener, a metal anisotropic nanostructures. Further, the coating solution may comprise a solvent and a base.


More than a decade after the global financial crisis, the world is fighting against the health and economic implications of a new deep crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Advanced economies entered this crisis with historically low interest rates and public debt whose amount was higher than in the 1960 years. They will recover with a higher amount of public debts. Based on pre-pandemic analysis, this article explores options for policymakers to respond to adverse economic shocks. In 2020-2021, according to the International Monetary Fund, the losses of the world economy will be $ 9 trillion. The gross domestic product (GDP) of Russia will decline by 5.5%. In 2021, the GDP of all countries will grow. In general, the developing economies and expanding markets will lose 1% of GDP in 2020, and in 2021, it will be 6.6%. In 2020, the world trade volume will decline by 11%. The depth and duration of the economic downturn will depend on many factors, including the virus behavior, the public health response, and economic interventions.


The focuses on environment and reverse supply chain have increased in recent years among academic and industry circle. Yet, Bangladesh poultry is to achieve environmental sustainability in her extended forward and reverse supply chain. In this paper, supply chain model developed based on a case poultry industry. Design science and case method under positivist and quantitative paradigm followed to develop simulation model using simul8 application to fit the real poultry case. The objectives of this paper are to review literature, develop simulation supply chain model and later tested it through historic data. The results briefly discussed and model capturing the relationship among forward, reverse and mainstream supply chain of the case. Different random trial runs of the simulation model have shown in the result section to find out optimality.


Defining a multimedia remote viewer for mobile thin clients comes across with threefold scientific/technical constraints: (1) providing at the client side heterogeneous multimedia content and the support for ultimate collaboration functionalities, (2) ensuring a stable quality of services despite constrained resources available for the network and the terminal, and (3) featuring terminal independency and benefiting from community support.The present thesis addresses these challenges by developing a collaborative, semantic multimedia remote viewer. The underlying architecture features novel components for scene-graph creation and management, as well as for collaborative user events handling.The adaptive compression of the multimedia scene graph and the lossless compression of the collaborative messages are optimized through two devoted algorithms. The former creates a unique scene-graph, intrinsically adaptable to the network/terminal conditions. The latter dynamically generates and updates the encoding table according to the messages generated by the collaborative users. Both algorithms are patented.The direct collaborative functionality is ensured at the content level by enriching the scene graph with a new type of node where currently becomes a part of the ISO standards.The experimental setup considers the Linux X windows system and BiFS/LASeR multimedia scene technologies on the server and client sides, respectively. The implemented solution was objectively benchmarked against currently deployed solutions (VNC RFB and Microsoft RDP), by considering text-editing and www-browsing applications. The quantitative assessments demonstrate: (1) limited depreciation of the visual quality, e.g. PSNR values between 30 and 42dB or SSIM values larger than 0.9999; (2) downlink bandwidth gain factors ranging from 2 to 60; (3) efficient real-time user event management expressed by network roundtrip-time reduction by factors of 4 to 6 and by up-link bandwidth gain factors from 3 to 10; (4) feasible CPU activity, larger than in the Microsoft RDP case but reduced by a factor of 1.5 with respect to the VNC RFB.


Budget slack directly impacts the management of company's budget control. This article develops a comprehensive approach on evaluating the budget slack of company's business units by leveraging their operation efficiency and transfer value under the internal transfer system. This result greatly assists in evaluating the rationale of the budget slack of company's business units from empirical perspective.


Silica obtained by annealing in air gels produced from the controlled hydrolysis and condensation of methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane (MAPTES) exhibit Lorentzian and Gaussian EPR signals centred at g = 2.0037, similar to those found in coals. The number and widths of Lorentzian lines depend on the annealing temperature, and are attributed to graphitic clusters of different sizes showing spin exchange. These results agree with the estimated average dimensions of the clusters at the different annealing temperatures, obtained by correlating the carbon content with the number of spins. Inhomogeneous components have been identified by using the echo-detected EPR method and are attributed to smaller isolated clusters. These latter analysed by ESEEM and HYSCORE show strong signals at the free nuclear frequencies of 13C and 1H nuclei only, and hyperfine interactions of 5 MHz with a 13C nucleus.


Objective To define the effects of intense infrasound on vestibular function in guinea pigs. Method Fifteen albino guinea pigs served as subjects. The animals were exposed to 8 Hz infrasound at 135 dB SPL for 90 minutes in a reverberant chamber. The vestibular function of the animals were evaluated by sinusoidal pendular test(SPT) before and immediately after exposure, and 2 and 5 days later respectively. Results The slow phase velocity and the frequency of the vestibular nystagmus elicited by SPT declined slightly immediately after intense infrasound exposure as compared with baseline value, but the changes were not significant ( P 0.05). No after effects were observed. Conclusion Intense infrasound may temporarily depress the excitability of the vestibular end organs of exposed guinea pigs, but doesn't significantly affect the vestibular function.


The invention discloses a method for processing a fabric by utilizing a silver-loaded chitosan antibacterial agent. The method comprises the following steps: putting powdery chitosan in water, adding distilled water, immersing the powdery chitosan in water for 55-65min to fully wet the powdery chitosan, adding industrial glacial acetic acid, stirring by a stirrer to make the industrial glacial acetic acid fully dissolved, allowing the obtained solution to stand for 30min, and filtering the solution to obtain a chitosan solution; reacting the prepared chitosan solution with a silver nitrate solution to prepare the silver-loaded chitosan antibacterial agent; putting the fabric in the silver-loaded chitosan antibacterial agent, immersing at room temperature for 30min, and padding the fabric on a vertical electric rolling dolly with a solution padding rate of 80-90%; and washing, and drying. The method has the advantages of simplicity, good antibacterial property, and no color change of the finished fabric, is suitable for the antibacterial finishing of fabrics.


A study of the coefficient of sensitiveness between permeability and effective pressure of coal samples is conducted based on experimentation and analysis.Test results indicate that the permeability of coal samples drops rapidly as the effective pressure increases under a low effective pressure level.The variation relationship between them can be described by an exponential equation.The coupling mechanism of seepage in coal beds has not been completely made clear so far,and the coupling factors affecting the permeability of coal samples are too complex to describe.The coefficient of sensitiveness between the permeability of coal samples and effective pressure is defined accordingly so as to normalize these factors.It is shown that the variation relationship between the coefficient and the effective pressure can be described by a power function.Such a coefficient can evaluate well the changing trend of the permeability of coal samples related to the effective pressure.The between coal sample permeability and the effective pressure is deduced based on the coefficient of sensitiveness.


In this article I identify some Spanish words as AxParts (Svenonius 2006) and I discuss their properties, some of which have already been noted in the previous literature. I show that there are three characteristics of these elements that contrast with English AxParts, and I provide an analysis that allows a unified analysis of AxParts in Spanish and English by deriving all three differences from the same independent property: the syntactic representation of part-whole relationships. A second contribution of this article is that I argue that the difference between two series of AxParts that have been identified in Spanish follow naturally if the members of one of the series select a DP as their ground, while those of the second series take a phonologically empty pronoun.


The Thai government has increasingly sought to expand urban growth in provinces characterized by agricultural production. However, urbanization's structural changes alter natural resource availabilities, encumbering agrarian families, and constraining livelihood options. In an effort to map state development and urban growth objectives to local conditions, the Thai state has supported regional autonomy by decentralizing decision-making powers to localities. Here, we seek to explore the ways in which decentralized governance provides avenues for agrarian families located in urbanizing spaces to negotiate anxieties and desires with the Thai state, including broad concerns of sustainability, livelihood rights, and market opportunities. We consider how agrarian households understand the economic and ecological effects of urbanization, shifting the focus to agrarian families' agency—how families diversify household livelihoods and employ migration to enhance economic portfolios. Ultimately, by doing so, we examine the intersections between urbanization, development, and agrarian livelihoods, situated within practical and theoretical discussions of decentralized governance in Thailand.


To investigate the feature of glycoconjugates expression in human liver tissues infected with hepatitis G virus and to speculate upon the mechanism of HGV in fection. This study contains 10 normal liver tissues of controls and liver tissues obtained through biopsy from 22 patients with HGV infection for the purpose of diagnosis. SP immunohistochemistry for 9 different lectins was applied to the paraffin liver sections. The positive rates of the lectin were calculated and compared between the controls and the patients.x 2 test was used for the comparison of difference between them. In the controls, DSL, PHA-E, DBA and STL receptors were weakly positive on the membrane of hepatocytes; while in the patients, staining for DBA receptor became stronger. three new lectin-receptors, PHA-L, UEA-Ⅰ and ECL were noted on the liver cell membrane in the tissues infected with HGV. Alterations in quality and structure of glycoconjugates exepression took place in liver tissues, especially on the cell membrane from the patients with HGV infection. This finding might be valuable to investigation of HGV infection mechanism.


As a follow-up study of Kim and Kim (2015), this paper aims at verifying whether the perception cues, which have been demonstrated by Kim and Kim (2015), for voiceless stops in word boundaries are on the right track. Kim and Kim (2015) show that the English listeners and the Korean listeners have used the same perception cues as VOT, consonants, and vowels in their perception of word boundary voiceless stops. In spite of this, it was found in Kim and Kim (2015) that the perception rate of the Korean listeners was lower than that of the English listeners. In order to account for this, this paper argues that the discrepancy is due to the fact that the Korean listeners" perception patterns are based on their production patterns that are definitely influenced by their L1, which makes the Korean listeners" perception patterns different from the English listeners".


The Indian agricultural sector has been undergoing economic reforms since the early 1990s in the move to liberalize the economy to benefit from globalization. This paper traces this process, analyses its effects on agricultural productivity and growth and discusses the problems and prospects for globalization to draw policy implications for the future of Indian agriculture. India, which is one of the largest agricultural-based economies, remained closed until the early 1990s. By 1991, there was growing awareness that the inward-looking import substitution and overvalued exchange rate policy coupled with various domestic policies pursued during the past four decades, limited entrepreneurial decision making in many areas and resulted in a high cost domestic industrial structure that was out of line with world prices. Hence the new economic policy of 1991 stressed both external sector reforms in the exchange rate, trade and foreign investment policies, and internal reforms in areas such as industrial policy, price and distribution controls, and fiscal restructuring in the financial and public sectors. In addition, India' s membership and commitment to World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 was a clear sign of India' s intention to take advantage of globalization and face the challenge of accelerating its economic growth. One measure of economic growth is given by productivity growth as it forms the basis for improvements in real incomes and welfare. The concept of productivity growth gained importance for sustaining output growth over the long run as input growth alone is insufficient to generate output growth because of diminishing returns to input use. This paper, which examines India ' s productivity growth in the agricultural sector in the context of globalization, has three main aims. First, it examines these possible links in the agricultural sector in general. Second, it discusses the problems and prospects for agricultural productivity growth of various Indian states. Third, the paper highlights the challenges of globalization and draws policy implications for the success of Indian agriculture.


The search for electric dipole moments (EDM) of elementary particles is one of the hot topic in contemporary particle physics. The method to measure charged particle EDMs (p,d) is to observe the time development of a polarized beam in a dedicated storage ring (srEDM). This requires a new polarimeter with a special target system which is under development at COSY-Juelich. The particle detector consists of the two layers: a plastic scintillator for ?E and an inorganic LYSO crystal as a calorimeter. Both systems are readout by multi-pixel SiPM (silicon photo multiplier) arrays. SiPMs operate at significantly lower supply voltages compared to the traditional multi-stage vacuum tubes, simplifying detector construction and operation. The developed calorimeter modules operate at voltages up to 30 Volt. For this purpose a modular, high precision voltage supply has been developed together with slow control and voltage monitoring systems. The fully assembled calorimeter part of the polarimeter has been successfully tested together with its high speed and high-resolution sampling ADC-based readout. All test have been carried out using solid block target. However, the final polarimeter will include a ballistic target system which will be shooting point-like diamond pellet through the beam. The movement of the pellet will be precisely tracked in three dimensions and synchronized with the data acquisition system. This will allow us to reconstruct the polarization profile of the beam. Currently, the mechanical and electrical systems for the pellet target are under development. Recent achievements and experimental results of this project are summarized and discussed in this paper.


Choosing a characteristic figure of speech of "Pun",common in both English and Chinese,as its study subject,this paper employs theories of English-Chinese contrastive linguistics to discuss the foundation of contrastive studies of figures of speech in English and Chinese,the definitions of figures of speech and pun.It is an attempt study of the differences and similarities of figures of speech in English and Chinese through the analysis of typical examples.


This study developed a decision support system (DSS) with memamfaatkan method of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) as the admission process in the selection of employees. In this selection process used several criteria to determine which applicants will be accepted. DSS helps corporate leaders in memtuskan which applicants will be selected. This thesis research focuses on how to design and implement programs and is intended to facilitate the calculation. AHP is used as a method in the calculation of the employee's admission selection.


Return and foreign migration are becoming very important at the moment in Aragon. Nevertheless, we must point out the null attention that the academics have dedicated to analyse this type of movement of population. In this article it is carry out a quantitative approach to the phenomenon of the return population in this region, although only considering some aspects like the present volume and its importance related to the total number of immigrants; it is also analysed the temporary evolution of returned, its places of origin and destination, and their territorial distribution according to the demographic size of the destination municipalities. One of the great problems for the study of return migration are the Sources. Due to this, and before carrying out the analyse, we will emphasize the limitations for the use of the main official statistical source for the study of the population in Spain (the Census of the Population), and the convenience of the use of the Statistic of Variaciones Residenciales (EVR); for the study of return migration, the EVR provides information of much more value that the Census.


In the design, operation and evaluation of a photovoltaic power generation systems (PV systems), it is particularly important to accurately estimate the total amount of annual electric power generated by PV system. The authors have developed an original "simulation program for the calculation of the amount of power generated by PV system", and confirmed its estimation accuracy by verification tests. The authors performed various simulation calculations using the developed program in order to apply the results to the development, design, and operation of PV systems. The authors also studied the application of the developed simulation program.Effect of various factors on annual electric power generated was evaluated by simulation calculation. As a result, notable findings have been obtained with respect to the relationship between the method of controlling dc voltage of photovoltaic array, fill factor (FF), wind velocity, resistance of dc collection conductor, and annual electric power generated.


The thesis have systematically investigated the structural and transport properties of as-quenched and annealed Co xCu 100-x (5≤X≤30)granular alloys prepared by melt spinning. By means of AEM, the spherical Co precipitates are clearly observed and exhibit different size in this polycrystalline ribbons. Using X-ray diffraction,we have observed a Co-rich phase separation process which results in the variation of transport properties of Co/Cu granular ribbons. MR amplitudes as large as those of sputtered and melt-spun samples having the same composition have been obtained. Furthermore, the conditions of annealing which give the largest MR amplitude are almost the same as those of sputtered and melt-spun samples.A magnetoresistance of the order of 4.5% in 12kOe at 300 K is obtained in melt-spun samples after annealing at 750K for 10min.


Acamprosate was shown to help to maintain abstinence on alcoholic patients. In this paper, we show that acamprosate has the secondary effect to reduce consumption. These results obtained from an Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.


Objective To study the influence of Ad-BMP-2 on osteogenic potential of cultured MSCs. Medthods MSCs were obtained from dual femoral greater trochanter of twenty Japan Big Ear rabbits.The experimental group cells were from the left trochanters,the control group cells were from the right ones.After the MSCs were transfected with Ad-BMP-2,ALP testing kit were used to measure ALP activity;BGP immumoradiatory testing kit were used to measure OCN.In addition,the collagen type I were tested with the methods of RT-PCR. Result After treated with the gene transfection method,the MSCs gained the morphological characters which were similar to those of osteoblasts. Conclusion Through the method of gene transfection,the osteogenic potential of MSCs can be promoted greatly.


Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer. Methods: The clinical records and follow-up information of 28 patients with ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer between January 2006 and January 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The two tumor lesions were detected by MRI with a high sensitivity of 90%. The coincidence rate of pathological type of the two tumor lesions was 64%. The two tumor lesions were both detected by immunochemistry in 10 cases, and the results showed that the expression status of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) was consistent, but the expression status of Ki-67 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was inconsistent. The coincidence rate of molecular pathology of the two tumor lesions was 70%. Univariate prognostic analysis showed that the overall survival time of the patients with ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer was significantly associated with tumor stage (P = 0.004) and ER status (P = 0.000). Tumor stage (P = 0.003), axillary lymph node status (P = 0.032) and ER status (P = 0.022) affected the disease-free survival time of the patients with ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer. Multivariate prognostic analysis showed that tumor stage was an independent prognostic factor of ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer. Conclusion: The coincidence rate of pathological type of two tumor lesions in ipsilateral double concurrent primary breast cancer is higher, and the tumor stage is an independent prognostic factor. DOI:10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2017.33.729


Objective:To explore the differential diagnosis of nonossifying fibroma,desmoplastic fibroma and fibrosarcoma of bone by imaging.Methods:The X-ray plain film,CT and MRI findings in 43 cases of nonossifying fibroma,desmoplastic fibroma and fibrosarcoma of bone were reviewed retrospectively.Results:On X-ray plain film and CT,cystic and expansive destruction of bone were found in 14 cases of nonossifying fibroma,and delicate residual osseous tissue within the lesions was seen in 8 cases.In 12 cases of desmoplastic fibroma of bone,4 cases had cystic and expansive destruction of bone,8 cases had osteolytic destruction of bone,2 cases had delicate residual osseous tissue and 6 cases had coarse residual osseous tissue within the lesions,respectively.In 16 cases of fibrosarcoma of bone,5 cases displayed cystic destruction and irregular margin,and 11 cases displayed osteolytic destruction of bone.In 9 cases of nonossifying fibroma,9 cases of desmoplastic fibroma and 11 cases of fibrosarcoma of bone on MRI,all cases showed isointensity and hypointensity on T1-weighted images,and hyperintenity and hypointense heterogeneous signal on T2-weighted images.The hypointense areas were circumscribed in non-ossifying fibroma and fibrosarcoma of bone,but large patchy in desmoplastic fibroma on T1WI and T2WI.Three cases of fibrosarcoma of bone had hyperintensity signals on T2-weighted images.Conclusion:Diagnosis imaging can characterize the features of nonossifying fibroma,desmoplastic fibroma and fibrosarcoma of bones,and plays an important role in the differential diagnosis.


The tortuous course followed by Southern Negro education a generation following Emancipation illustrates the peculiar path taken by the race in a harsh struggle for survival. By 1900 grim realities had dampened the postbellum enthusiasm of the freedmen for the liquidation of illiteracy. Most confusing was the lack of reliable data about Negro schools, although keen observers like Du Bois and Kelly Miller knew that many of them simply did not exist except on paper. By 1890 it had become reasonably clear that the progress of Negro education had been blocked by the current strife between the paternalistic Bourbons who used the Negro vote in return for jobs and some school concessions and the small white farmers and their demagogic leaders who combined economic reforms with an unyielding race policy. Even with the best of intentions, Southern rural whites lacked the taxable resources for adequate biracial schools, but the race question as usual distorted their purposes. Some took refuge in the comforting myth expressed by Jabez L. M. Curry, Southern head of the Slater Fund for Negroes: "Nothing in the history of civilization," he said in 1899 of the allegedly generous Southern support of Negro schools, "is comparable to this sublime self-denial and this work of enlarged patriotism." This mollified the Populistic small farmers who smarted under Northern liberal attack on their race


Amorphous V2O5 films dramatically transform to standing β-phase V2O5nanorods and flat lying nanoslices after annealing in O2 ambience within a narrow temperature range, showing a remarkable temperature-sensitive crystallization process.


• Health insurance coverage among children increased 1.4 percentage points from 2008 to 2009 in the United States, with the most growth in central cities and rural places. • The Northeast continues to have the highest rate of coverage, with more than 95 percent of children covered. The South has the lowest coverage rate, at 89 percent. • Forty-three states plus Washington, DC and Puerto Rico had a significant increase in the number of children covered by public health insurance. • Forty states saw a decrease in private health insurance coverage for children. • Children in Midwestern central cities experienced the largest shift from private to public insurers in 2009; private insurance coverage fell 4.3 percentage points, while public coverage rose by 6.5 percentage points. Total Children Covered by Health Insurance Increased in 2009 Significant Shifts from Private to Public Plans in Many States


In the course Discrete Deterministic Chaos, Dr. Mark Daniels introduces students to Chaos Theory and explores many topics within the field. Students prove many of the key results that are discussed in class and work through examples of each topic. Connections to the secondary mathematics curriculum are made throughout the course, and students discuss how the topics in the course could be implemented in the classroom. This paper will provide an overview of the topics covered in the course, Discrete Deterministic Chaos, and provide additional discussion on various related topics.


Quench detection system is a key component of the quench protection system for superconducting magnets. According to operating experience of the quench protection system for BEPCII interaction region superconducting magnets and study in depth on the development process of System-on-Chip, we are establishing a set of digital quench detection system with high integration density and favourable portability by integrating IP cores, custom modules and developing embedded software on one piece of FPGA chip (Cyclone V SX SoC). The main components of this system are: 1.Hard processor system basedon ARM Cortex-A9 architecture integrated with embedded operating system (Linux).2.Floating point DSP basedon soft IP core.3.Function Module Portion designed for different functions such as communicating with front end ADC, timing control, etc. This paper introduces the research progress of the system.


Introduced by Kawanaka in order to find the unipotent representations of finite groups of Lie type, generalized Gelfand–Graev characters have remained somewhat mysterious. Even in the case of the finite general linear groups, the combinatorics of their decompositions has not been worked out. This paper re‐interprets Kawanaka's definition in type A in a way that gives far more computational flexibility. We use these alternate constructions to show how to obtain generalized Gelfand–Graev representations directly from the maximal unipotent subgroups. We also explicitly decompose the corresponding generalized Gelfand–Graev characters in terms of unipotent representations, thereby recovering the Kostka–Foulkes polynomials as multiplicities.


Simple Summary Protein kinases, which are molecules involved in cell growth and signaling, can go haywire in cancer cells, causing them to multiply uncontrollably. Using drugs to target these kinases shows promise for cancer treatment, but we still have a lot to learn about effectively targeting them. To prioritize kinases to focus on, we developed CancerOmicsNet, an artificial intelligence model that predicts the response of cancer cells to kinase inhibitor treatment. We tested the model extensively and validated its predictions in real experiments with different types of cancer. To understand how the model makes its decisions and the role of each kinase, we used a special tool called a saliency map. This map helps identify the most important kinases driving tumor growth. By examining a wide range of biomedical literature, CancerOmicsNet indeed has shown promise in selecting potential targets for further investigation in various types of cancer. Abstract Deregulated protein kinases are crucial in promoting cancer cell proliferation and driving malignant cell signaling. Although these kinases are essential targets for cancer therapy due to their involvement in cell development and proliferation, only a small part of the human kinome has been targeted by drugs. A comprehensive scoring system is needed to evaluate and prioritize clinically relevant kinases. We recently developed CancerOmicsNet, an artificial intelligence model employing graph-based algorithms to predict the cancer cell response to treatment with kinase inhibitors. The performance of this approach has been evaluated in large-scale benchmarking calculations, followed by the experimental validation of selected predictions against several cancer types. To shed light on the decision-making process of CancerOmicsNet and to better understand the role of each kinase in the model, we employed a customized saliency map with adjustable channel weights. The saliency map, functioning as an explainable AI tool, allows for the analysis of input contributions to the output of a trained deep-learning model and facilitates the identification of essential kinases involved in tumor progression. The comprehensive survey of biomedical literature for essential kinases selected by CancerOmicsNet demonstrated that it could help pinpoint potential druggable targets for further investigation in diverse cancer types.


Modern papermaking has come a long way from the original handicraft. The early making of paper sheets by hand had little in common with today's highly computer-controlled processes and equipment. Large-scale paper production today takes place on machines producing more than 30 tonnes of paper each hour. The market and market demands have also developed considerably. Often the paper is produced, printed with four colours, read and thrown away within 24 h, which is comparable with the time it originally took to form, press, dry and cut handmade sheets. However different in scale and efficiency the papermaking machinery is, paper is still formed mainly from wood fibres (even though these fibres may have been recycled) that are suspended in water. Development has been due not to any radical new solution to papermaking but more to the higher demands on effluent control, efficiency, cost reduction and last but not least paper quality and print quality. The response from the papermakers to these demands have been (i) to minimise the losses; (ii) reduce downtime and cleaning, (iii) introduce low cost fibre substitutes; and (iv) add other components that change the way that paper reacts when in contact with water and with different inks in printing or typing. In all these areas, the addition of different kinds of chemicals are the key to success when added in the proper


The disposal of carbon dioxide to the marine and sea bed sediments as CO2 gas hydrate is an innovative technique for solving the global environment issue. Experiments on the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate have been carried out using a pressure vessel to investigate the effect of carbon dioxide concentration in the gas phase. From the experiment results, the following are clarified: 1 There is a strong relationship between the partial pressure of carbon dioxide concentration and the temperature of formation and dissociation of gas hydrate. Therefore, the use of this relation enables the estimation of equilibrium conditions of mixture gas. 2 The initial formation speed varies from 0.1 to 0.5 ml / (min. g). Considering, the average values of the initial formation speed, the initial formation speed increases as the carbon dioxide concentration of the initial mixture gas also increases. 3 From the analysis of component gas of gas hydrate and space gas, it can be assumed that nitrogen and oxygen are also incorporated into the cage of hydrate structure as guest molecules. Moreover, it can be seen that the carbon dioxide concentration in the initial space gas is of higher level than the carbon dioxide concentration in the space gas at the time when the gas hydrate grew up. Therefore, this hydrate technology applies in the concentration of carbon dioxide. In the near future, we will attempt to carry out tests on the formation and dissociation of CO2 hydrate under a low concentration of CO2. Furthermore, we will analyze the structure of gas hydrate using the Raman spectroscopy to clarify that nitrogen and oxygen are incorporated into the cage of gas hydrate structure as guest molecules.


In the paper the fractal factor is proposed for a quantitative factor and for a proportional factor so that the fractal law can be used in fuzzy control by means of a look-up table. An example of the application shows that the control accuracy is improved.


Uterus colon cancer is the fourth type of cancer most common among women. Mamalian cell surface present a glycocalix. Lectins have been used as histochemistry probes to the evaluation of glycans structure which are synthesized by glycosyltransferases. One of them is the N-Acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) which catalyzes the formation of branching glycans adding residues of N-Acetyl-glucosamine via a β-1,6 bond with a mannose. This action results in a glycan with a tetraantenary structure. The present work aimed to evaluate the expression of GnT-V during the progression of uterus colon lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) grades I, II and III and squamous cell carcinoma, SCC) using immunohistochemistry agains MGAT5 and lectin histochemistry. Seventy five samples (normal=15, CIN 1=15, CIN 2=15, CIN 3=15 and SCC=15) were analyzed. GnT-V did not presented significative difference among all diagnosis being predominantly classified as of low expression. L-PHA lectin evidenced that 93.3% of normal samples, 88.9% of CINs and 60% of SCC presented a high expression of branching of β-1,6 bond. In normal squamous epithelium this expression was predominantly observed in the cytoplasm and membrane of its basal cell while in SCC it was observed in the nucleous with a heterogeneous pattern. DSA did not showed significtive differences in the staining of normal and transformed tissues (CIN and SCC), however this difference was evidenced by PWM. The results did not showed a relation between GnT-V expression and polilactosamine (PolyLacNAc) chains in human uterus colon tissues but they revealed a significant association between PolyLacNAc and transformed tissues of uterus colon (CIN and SCC).


1 ABSTRACT The Mid-America Earthquake (MAE) Center has performed much research since its inception relating to all facets of seismic loss assessment and risk management, from hazard definition through social and economic loss modeling. The culmination of this work is the integration of the research results into a comprehensive system for loss assessment, decision support, and consequence-based risk management (CRM). One vehicle through which the integration process takes form is MAEViz, a software program developed in a joint effort by the MAE Center and the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). The purpose of this document is to present findings for systemic validation of the integration of research data threads within MAEViz. The validation effort is presented as part of the Memphis Testbed Project within the MAE Center, a comprehensive testbed in which much of the MAE Center research is being implemented. The general approach of the validation plan is to seek reports of risk assessments published in the literature that are sufficiently well documented that MAEViz can be used to perform a similar study. As part of the validation exercise, it was found that even relatively well documented studies rarely supplied sufficient data such that the study could be replicated in detail. The most suitable study was determined to be a risk assessment developed for the state of South Carolina using HAZUS, the program developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency to perform loss assessments for natural disasters on the regional scale. The data reported in the South Carolina study has been used to define necessary parameters and execute a risk assessment for the region in MAEViz. Results of MAEViz analyses have been evaluated relative to the published results in this document, and it is found that while MAEViz is a suitable engine for performing risk assessments, the results of any risk assessment are sensitive to the specific algorithmic formulation implemented for the study. In this validation study, it was determined that differences in results obtained from MAEViz and HAZUS originate primarily from differences in the damage prediction and loss estimation methodologies. The damage estimation algorithm in MAEViz, using vulnerability formulations based on time history analyses of nonlinear structural response, provides an alternative estimation of damage prediction as compared to the Capacity Spectrum Method, a nonlinear static analysis method implemented in HAZUS, when determining probabilities of damage states. With regard to loss estimation algorithms, the general frameworks employed in …


e14681 Background: We studied comorbidity and other predictors of survival for patients (pts) with colorectal cancer (CRC) and compared pts with colon (C) vs rectal (R) cancer (ca). Methods: In an ...


Ana Sofiana, 2014. The Effects Of Environmental Management Accounting And The Strategy On Innovation Company With Research And Development Effort And Firm Size As A Control Variable.
Pembimbing: (1) Ratna Anggraini ZR,S.E.,M.Si.,CA (2) Tresno Eka Jaya, S.E.,M.Ak.
This study aims to examine the direct and indirect influence on the effects of environmental management accounting and the strategy on innovation company with research and development effort and firm size as a control variable using primary data. The sample of this study is part of the finances work in the Hospital (RS) in Jakarta is listed in the Badan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (BPLHD).
The study was conducted with menggumakan path analysis is a technique of development data were analyzed using Partial Least Square with SmartPLS software. Tests to be done through the outer PLS model (validity and reliability) and the inner model (model test).
Based on the research results, the hypothesis testing results show that all variables have a positive influence on firm innovation. Thus, the implementation of environmental management accounting and strategy implementation at a company that will either lead to a variety of innovations in a company.


The Rostov-on-Don Anti-Plague Research Institute interacts with a number of health and scientific institutions of the Federal Service on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare Supervision. The basis of this interaction is formed by the activity on execution of existing and development of new regulatory guidance documents; the work of the Reference Center for cholera monitoring; monitoring of the state of natural focal infections in the Rostov Region; the assessment of anti-epidemic preparedness of health care centres; professional training; guidance and practical assistance to comply with biological safety requirements; as well as the fulfillment of relevant scientific research themes.


Abstract Temperatures were recorded from winter to summer in a high-rise, bidirectionally tunnel-ventilated commercial layer house. In cool weather, the house was ventilated through side wall baffle inlets and a series of ceiling inlets. The temperature sensors were located in the vicinity of the tunnel inlets (CENTER sites) near the ends of the house where the exhaust fans were located (END sites), and midway between these locations (INTERMEDIATE sites). Hens and eggs were weighed, and eggs samples for specific gravity determinations, once a month at the sites of the temperature sensors. In winter, the CENTER sites were coolest and the INTERMEDIATE sites tended to be warmest. In spring, there were no differences among areas in average daily temperature. During summer, CENTER sensors were again coolest and END sensors were warmest. CENTER sites had the largest eggs during the winter and summer months. INTERMEDIATE sites tended to have the smallest eggs from January to March. Egg size variation among different areas might have been minimized in winter by covering the tunnel curtain inlet, and in summer by using only information from the sensors nearest the fans to control fan operation when in tunnel ventilation mode. Hens in the lowest tier of cages consistently produced the largest eggs.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the apoptosis of NK cells induced by the erythroleukemia cell line K562 in vitro.

METHODS
Primary NK cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors by magnetic-activated cell sorting were cultured with stem cell medium containing recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2). The NK cells and K562 cells were mixed and co-cultured at different E:T ratios for different time lengths. The apoptosis of NK cells and K562 cells were detected using PE-AnnexinV/7-AAD labeling and flow cytometry.

RESULTS
The purity of isolated NK cells reached (93.99∓4.22)%. At the same E: T ratio, the apoptotic rate of NK cells induced by K562 cells increased significantly with time. As the E:T ratio reduced, the apoptotic rate of the NK cells increased and their cytotoxic activity against K562 cells was attenuated.

CONCLUSION
K562 cells can induce the apoptosis of activated NK cells, which is one of the probable mechanisms of immune escape of tumors.


A total of 375 sharp-tailed grouse (Pedioecetes phasianellus) and greater prairie chickens (Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus) have been reared in pens for use in pesticide toxicity studies. Maintenance techniques have been developed to keep parasites and disease at a minimum and encourage breeding. Eggs are incubated and hatched mechanically and chicks are started in indoor brooders, then moved to outdoor pens. Key features of our system are: (1) wire-floored pens to minimize disease hazards, (2) 30 square ft of floor space or more per adult grouse when kept in common cages, (3) varied diets meeting growth requirements for chicks and seasonal changes in requirements for adults, (4) a fresh water supply, and (5) dusting boxes to control ectoparasites. ER, R. G., JR. 1966. Simultaneous statistiROSEBERRY, J. L., AND B. J. VERTS. 1963. RelaPrairie grouse propagation in captivity is of interest to conservation agencies and game breeders. The technique is useful for research and also may help restock suitable habitats or even prevent the extinction of a species. Two species, the sharp-tailed grouse and greater prairie chicken, have been reared at Denver since 1963 to produce uncontaminated birds for pesticide toxicity tests and for studies of effects of pesticides upon reproduction. Most species of grouse are difficult to rear in captivity in comparison with the mass production attained with other gallinaceous birds. The most successful grouse breeders were Bump et al. (1947) who raised about 2,000 ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus). Fay (1963) reared 126 ruffed grouse over a 3-year period, but the eggs were collected from wild nests. Blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus) have been reared in small numbers by Simpson (1935), Smith and Buss (1963), and Stirling (1965). Sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) were propagated by Pyrah (1964). Trautman et al. (1933), Handley (1935), and Ramey (1935) reported propagation attempts with prairie chickens. Ligon (1954) and Coats (1955) had some success with lesser prairie chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) but their work was not continued. Etter (1963) and Shoemaker (1964) have achieved sustained production of greater prairie chickens using semi-natural pens. Lemburg (1962) reared sharp-tailed grouse for several years, producing as many as 80 in one season. The original grouse for the present study were wild-trapped in Nebraska in 1962 and 1963 by K. Menzel of the Game, Forestation and Parks Commission and by the senior author in the Dakotas in 1963. Additional birds were trapped in 1964 by R. E. Wood of the Nebraska Game, Forestation and Parks Commission; F. R. Henderson and W. Jackson of the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; R. L. Brown of the Montana Department of Fish and Game; and G. Enyeart of the North This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Mon, 19 Sep 2016 05:13:38 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms PROPAGATION OF PRAIRIE GROUSE McEwen et al. 277 f. -t4,_ .? -.' ' . ....P i -. S Fig. 1A. General view of pens used for holding and propagating prairie grouse. Dakota Game and Fish Department. Assistance and advice were provided by many of our colleagues at the Denver Wildlife Research Center and manuscript aid was given by J. Oldemeyer and A. Jones. Ectoparasites were identified by M. Boddicker, South Dakota State University, Brookings. A bacterial infection (Paracolobactrum spp.) was diagnosed by H. Breen of the Colorado State University Diagnostic Laboratory and by P. A. Smith of Lakewood, Colorado.


This document summarises responses from a process designed to test the suitability of the draft tikanga framework for the taxation system. The central themes in the responses were: • That Treasury is to be commended for both their aspirations and endeavours to develop a tikanga framework; • That there is merit in the current approach, but that there needs to be more work to develop it into an integrated and sound tikanga framework. In the view of participants, a tikanga framework needs to have inter-related purposive and performance elements which the current framework does not yet have.


We address the problem of maximally selected chi‐square statistics in the case of a binary Y variable and a nominal X variable with several categories. The distribution of the maximally selected chi‐square statistic has already been derived when the best cutpoint is chosen from a continuous or an ordinal X, but not when the best split is chosen from a nominal X. In this paper, we derive the exact distribution of the maximally selected chi‐square statistic in this case using a combinatorial approach. Applications of the derived distribution to variable selection and hypothesis testing are discussed based on simulations. As an illustration, our method is applied to a birth data set. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Accumulating evidence suggests that colonoscopy is more protective for left sided than for right sided cancer. Amongst others, a possible explanation for this finding is that polyps in the right colon are not visualized, either because they are non-polypoid, because of inadequate bowel preperation or because this part of the colon is not visualized at all. Completeness of a colonoscopy is confirmed when the ileocecal valve and appendiceal orifice are visualized and this should be documented.


August Krogh, 242 pp., $1.75, Dover, New York, 1966. Material in this book is presented in a systematic fashion with separate chapters devoted to osmotic regulation in each of the major phyla of invertebrates and vertebrates, and one chapter is devoted to osmotic problems encountered by eggs and embryos of aquatic animals. The scientific name of each animal discussed is given and at least some mention is made of osmoregulation in several hundred genera with some discussed at length. A section perhaps as useful to the teacher of zoology or comparative physiology as any part of the book is the final short chapter dealing with methods. Among others, simple techniques for determination of osmotic concentration and of volume changes are included. The methods presented are ones feasible for use in student laboratories and do not require elaborate equipment. An extensive list of references concludes the volume but, by the author's own admission, it is not a comprehensive list. Since the book was first published in 1939 and has not been altered, no recent references are included. Information is presented in a fashion perhaps too sophisticated to make the book of great use to the beginning science student since the author presupposes some knowledge of biology and chemistry on the part of his reader. However, such an accumulation of material concerning osmoregulation as is presented by Professor Krogh would be difficult, if not impossible to find in any other single volume. For this reason, this book could well occupy a place in the library of any biologist. Barbara Shirley Department of Life Sciences University of Tulsa Tulsa, Oklahoma


The interactions of a proton (3.7 GeV) with an emulsion can reveal the behavior of the nucleon-nucleus interactions. Furthermore, the interactions of 4He (2.1A GeV) and 7Li (2.2A GeV) with an emulsion introduce adequately a manner-representing nucleus-nucleus interactions. On the other hand, a major part of this work concerns the target fragmentation process. Thus, the yields of the target fragmentation (heavily ionizing particles N(subscript h)) have been studied on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the data in the literature. The complete destruction of Ag nuclei (heaviest target in the emulsion) is achieved at a limiting value of N(subscript h) (N(subscript h)≥28) for the nucleus-nucleus interactions. This study gives an indication of being a rich source of information on nuclear structure.


Introduction: Inhibitor of DNA binding 4 (ID4), a bHLH protein and a transcriptional regulator, is a tumor suppressor gene in prostate cancer. ID4 is expressed in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP), which are androgen sensitive, but epigenetically silenced in a more aggressive DU145 cells. The epigenetic silencing of ID4 is associated with increasing tumor grade and castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). ID4 regulates the expression of some other genes such as SAT1, which is a rate limiting enzyme found in the X chromosome involved in the catabolic pathway of polyamine metabolism by catalyzing the N(1)-acetylation of spermidine and spermine. Recently, SAT1 was also shown to mediate histone H3 acetylation suggesting its role in regulating gene expression. Next generation sequencing (NGS) data showed a significant low expression of SAT1 when ID4 is up regulated and vise-versa, which led to a hypothesis that ID4 might regulate the expression of SAT1 gene in prostate cancer cells. Experimental procedures: The NGS (exon sequencing) was performed on prostate cancer cells either over-expressing ID4 (DU145(+)ID4) or cells in which ID4 was genetically silenced (LNCaP(-)ID4). Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performed on mice prostates tissues (WT and ID4-/- mice) and DU145(+)ID4 tumor xenografts tissues to analyze SAT1 protein expression in the presence and the absence of ID4. Results: The NGS and IHC data analysis suggested that Spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SAT1) is up-regulated in cells lacking ID4 such as (LNCaP(-)ID4) but down-regulated in cells which express ID4 (DU145(+)ID4). These results prompted us to investigate the effect of silencing SAT1 on ID4 expression and on cancer phenotype. Conclusion: The expression of ID4 gene in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, and DU145(+)ID4 cells showed low expression of SAT1 gene compared with cells lacking ID4 gene as in LNCaP(-)ID4 and DU145 cells. Acknowledgment: These studies were supported by the NIH/NIMHD/P20 Grant #P20MD002285. Citation Format: Majid Al-Zahrani. The role of ID4 in regulating SAT1 gene expression in prostate cancer phenotype [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5301.


The effect of prolonged retention of radioactive products (fission fragments) following the ''Starfish'' thermonuclear explosion at F-region altitudes of the ionosphere of lower and middle latitudes discovered on the Kosmos 3, Kosmos 5, and Kosmos 6 satellites is analyzed from the point of view of concepts concerning ion transport processes in the equatorial ionosphere. A qualitative explanation for this phenomenon based on the ''fountain effect'' in the equatorial ionosphere is proposed which is in satisfactory agreement with experiment.


A series of chiral 3-aryl-4-phosphonobutyric acid esters were synthesized in high enantioselectivities (93-98% ee) via the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of the corresponding 3-aryl-4-phosphonobutenoates using a P-stereogenic BoPhoz-type phosphine-aminophosphine ligand. The methodology has been successfully applied to the asymmetric synthesis of a potential GABA(B) antagonist, (R)-phaclofen, in high enantioselectivity.


LIFE fusion is designed to generate 37.5 MJ of energy per shot, at 13.3 Hz, for a total average fusion power of 500 MW. The energy from each shot is partitioned among neutrons ({approx}78%), x-rays ({approx}12%), and ions ({approx}10%). First wall heating is dominated by x-rays and debris because the neutron mean free path is much longer than the wall thickness. Ion implantation in the first wall also causes damage such as blistering if not prevented. To moderate the peak-pulse heating, the LIFE fusion chamber is filled with a gas (such as xenon) to reduce the peak-pulse heat load. The debris ions and majority of the x-rays stop in the gas, which re-radiates this energy over a longer timescale (allowing time for heat conduction to cool the first wall sufficiently to avoid damage). After a shot, because of the x-ray and ion deposition, the chamber fill gas is hot and turbulent and contains debris ions. The debris needs to be removed. The ions increase the gas density, may cluster or form aerosols, and can interfere with the propagation of the laser beams to the target for the next shot. Moreover, the tritium and high-Z hohlraum debris needs to be recoveredmore » for reuse. Additionally, the cryogenic target needs to survive transport through the gas mixture to the chamber center. Hence, it will be necessary to clear the chamber of the hot contaminated gas mixture and refill it with a cool, clean gas between shots. The refilling process may create density gradients that could interfere with beam propagation, so the fluid dynamics must be studied carefully. This paper describes an analytic modeling effort to study the clearing and refilling process for the LIFE fusion chamber. The models used here are derived from first principles and balances of mass and energy, with the intent of providing a first estimate of clearing rates, clearing times, fractional removal of ions, equilibrated chamber temperatures, and equilibrated ion concentrations for the chamber. These can be used to scope the overall problem and provide input to further studies using fluid dynamics and other more sophisticated tools.« less


Abstract The importance and potential of the Langmuir-Blodgett (L-B) technique for preparing new materials have resulted in an increased interest in this technique. One of the objectives of this paper is to review some of the studies previously done on one type of material which is obtained by the Langmuir-Blodgett tech-nique, i .e., the polymeric LangmuirBlodgett films. Langmuir-Blodgett films are monolayers or multilayers of a particular material which are usually obtained as monolayers by deposition at a liquid-gas interface (usually water-air) and as multilayers by building up monolayers on a chosen substrate.


The article considers developing the department's website as a means of professional communication in the unified information educational environment of a military academy. The structure of the site contains all the elements that reflect the activities of the department staff. The site displays educational, methodological, scientific and educational activities of the department, provides information about the teaching staff, and reveals the features of professional training. The information content of the site has such important characteristics as information content, accessibility, reliability and objectivity of published materials, and efficiency. The composition of the information structure of the department's website allows to increase the effectiveness of all areas of the department's activities, to analyze scientific, methodological and educational ties, to increase the professional motivation of the teaching staff. The website of the department contains up-to-date information that allows to streamline the process of professional communication in a military academy.


If the disconnection occurred in the transparent electrode layer, a current path is assured to provide a semiconductor light emitting device capable of avoiding the occurrence of open failure of the semiconductor light emitting device itself. The semiconductor light emitting element 10, the second semiconductor layer 14 on the semiconductor layer 12, a first light-emitting layer 13, a luminescent layer 13 on the semiconductor layer 12 on the substrate 11, a second semiconductor layer 14, the upper surface and the second insulator layer 15 and, without covering the hole portion 19, an insulator layer 15 having the hole portion 19 of the part region on the semiconductor layer 14 through the light-transmitting electrode layer 16, a hole portion 19 for covering the second semiconductor layer 14 and the contact box and with, interposed between the transparent electrode layer 16, insulation layer 15 and the transparent electrode layer in a position facing claim is provided with a second pad electrode 18 in contact with 16. A second contact resistance of the pad electrode 18 and the second semiconductor layer 14, and larger than the contact resistance of the transparent electrode layer 16 and the second semiconductor layer 14.


The valve assembly and suspension system comprises a combined air suspension spring in a hydraulic fluid damper bearing a damping control valve depending on the pressure of the suspension.La control valve (50) is mounted in a housing (14) of the damper (12) mounted within the bag (22) air suspension and includes first and second bores (52, 68) arranged transversely to one another and accommodating respectively of the first and second plungers (54, 70) and a spring (66) acting in opposition to the suspension pressure on a lever (56) for adjusting the hydraulic pressure amortissement.Application a combined air suspension spring an integrated hydraulic damper.


guide in improving culture-based counseling communication skills for guidance and counseling students and to describe the level of its application by lecturers of counseling communication courses in guidance and counseling service units at universities. This research method uses the ADDIE Research and Development model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research was conducted by testing research products in the form of modules and continued with discussion group forums (FGD) and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that the culture-based counseling communication skills module was at an average value of 4.80 and the usability test result was 4.33, which means that the module product designed is very feasible and can be used and passed the usability test by counseling experts. Furthermore, the culture-based counseling communication skills module can be used in learning for guidance and counseling students who have different cultural backgrounds.


Emergency shelter is considered the "point of entry" into the social service system for homeless individuals. Despite the benefits of using emergency shelter, many homeless individuals remain unsheltered. The author argues that it is not enough for services to be available to the homeless. These services must also be accessible so that homeless individuals obtain the benefits they provide. Qualitative interviews with homeless women (N = 39) revealed that the inaccessibility of emergency shelter, despite the availability of it, discouraged women from seeking and attaining shelter. Interventions that address barriers to accessing services will encourage more homeless women to seek and use shelter.


The stimulating effect on the gastric secretion of pepsin of an intravenous injection of one clinical unit of pure secretion per kg body weight was compared to the effect of a subcutaneous injection of 50 μg histamine dihydrochloride per kg body weight in the same series of subjects. The pattern of the pepsin response differed markedly. The ratio between the amounts of pepsin and HCl secreted decreased after injection of histamine, whereas it increased after injection of secretin. The effect of secretin on the pepsin/HCl ratio lasted for about two hours.


These microwave switch assemblies route signals under GPIB control to simplify the installation and operation of testing high-frequency components from DC to 18 GHz.


In this paper, the dynamics of the free-floating redundant space robot is developed, and dynamic chaos in such system is discussed in tracing the desired closed-path in the workspace. According to the characteristics of the method of controlling chaos by adaptive self-feedback and period signal of the accessibility which successfully turns the chaos motion into a desired trajectory and restrains ?®drift' during the self-motion of the free-floating redundant space robot's end-effector. It is proved that the experiment result confirms the non-linear and chaotic performance of the computed torque control method, and shows an efficient suppression with an adaptive state delayed feedback control method when the end-effector repeatedly traces a desired closed-path of workspace.


The traffic accidents should be dealt with as quickly as possible when the traffic accidents have happened in order to prevent the second traffic accidents to happen and reduce their incidences. So this paer presents the architecture of the traffic accident management system based on analyzing the running flow of the traffic accident management and the incident management so that the system development will be more standard, scientific and efficient.Moreover, the paper introduces the architecture chart of the traffic accident management system which combined accident detection, forecast, identifying, decision, and related functions of the related systems.


In this study a proposed PID control system for (Ca.U.M.Ha) robotic hand with a finger and a thumb introduced, to control grasping cylindrical objects made from different materials soft and hard within a range of (48-150) mm in diameter . A samples of PID response figures for object that need just a finger, and object that needs a finger with a thumb introduced in additional to the figures of actuators voltage needed for both cases through grasping. Keyw o rds : Linkage , underactuated, position  PID control