FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in inorganic chemistry. The method for dry grinding one or more mineral materials containing at least calcium carbonate involves steps for crushing the mineral material in a crushing unit to obtain crushed material with diameter d 95 less than 10 cm, dry grinding the crushed material in a grinding unit in the presence of at one hydrophilic comb polymer containing at least one polyalkylene oxide group, grafted onto at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer. Dry grinding is carried out such that the amount of liquid in said grinding unit is less than 15% of the weight of said crushed material in the grinding unit. The obtained material has mean diameter d 50 from 0.5 to 500 mcm. EFFECT: invention enables to grind mineral material without using a large amount of volatile organic compounds, without changing properties of the end product. 59 cl, 7 tbl, 5 ex


In November of 1909,Kawa Hara Misa Ko,who once was a secret intelligent agent during the war between Japan and Russia and who worked as an education consultant in Harqin Palace superficially,published a book named Mongolian Local Produce based on her experiences in China.In the year of 1944 when the Pacific War was going on,her book was reprinted and was entitled New-edited Mongolian Local Produce.In the year of 1969 after the war,the book was reprinted for the second time and was renamed I and Harqin Concubine.The three editions were reprinted and reprinted in different time and were set in different backgrounds;as for its content and style,they either inherited one another or had its own characteristics.This article makes a comparison of the three editions so as to help readers who have not read them get a general idea about it,and in the meantime clarifies what other researchers are not clear about when using the book as reference.


From the theory of "training first" to "moving object priority",phenomenological movement shows that the sports interest is based on the athletic ability.So scientific training can help students successfully overcome the barriers in exercise,get exercise and performance of pre-rendering,and obtain star effect of the extensive experience.Interest function is the ultimate goal of modern sports and movement "rendering" is the phenomenon of sports psychology,sports sociology and sports energy.


In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the essay: Directed and written by Eliseo Subiela, Man Facing Southeast is a drama-science fiction film released in 1986. The film tells the story of a jaded, divorced Dr. Julio Denis who works at Buenos Aires' Jose Borda Psychiatric Hospital and Rantes, a patient who mysteriously arrives and claims to come from space. The two develop a close relationship where Dr. Denis takes Rantes on several excursions and even introduces him to his children. He stands facing the southeast sending and receiving information from "home." I initially thought he was an alien, but after our class discussion, I also see the representations of being a sort of Messiah through the film's replication of the Pieta and the crucifixion of Christ. This idea that Rantes was the second coming of Christ has huge implications on society, especially given the outcome of the film. This the world seen through the lens of faith is available in Verbum: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum/vol12/iss1/8


The viviparity of 28 rice varieties was tested at 25 days after heading(DAH), 35DAH, and 45DAH in the laboratory and field condition for 12 days. The incubation temperature was 20/l (day/night), 25/15 and 30/20 in the laboratory test, and under field water conditions in the field test. The biggest varietal difference of viviparity was found in the laboratory test when examined at 45DAH with the 6-day incubation under 25/15 . At this conditions the mean viviparous ratio was 32.1 % with the range of 53.9 and the variance of 259.5. In the field test, the significant varietal difference in the viviparity was also found in the lodging treatment at 45 DAH for 6 days. Correlation coefficient analysis between the field and laboratory tests was highly significant from 4 days after incubation at 45 DAH and after 6-day incubation at 35 DAH, and correlation coefficient was higher as incubation days in the laboratory and submerged days under field water became longer. Considering the correlation between the field and laboratory tests, varietal difference of viviparity and convenience of testing, the laboratory test at 45 DAH for 6-day incubation under 25/15 was the most efficient evaluation method for the viviparity of rice cultivar.


Dualistic thinking has led Western civilization to a logic of domination which justifies the
exploitation over those perceived as others, among which is nature. Following primarily
philosopher Val Plumwood's analysis of dualisms, this article takes up her call for developing
counter-hegemonic strategies to change this logic, adopting a new cultural paradigm
that would grant non-human others ethical consideration. The article explores diverse literary
strategies, with examples in contemporary American literature, that dismantle the false
dichotomies human/non-human and mind/matter, allowing readers to re-situate humans
within the biosphere and develop a dialogical and communicative relationship with earth
others that would provide an adequate ethical response to the non-human world.


X-ray diffraction is known to be an effective technique for illicit materials detection in baggage screening, as it can reveal molecular structural information of any solid substances but also of liquids, aerosols and gels. Some X-ray diffraction systems using 2D pixelated spectrometric detectors, such as CdZnTe detectors, are then able to perform 3D baggage scanning in time compatible with bag throughput constraints of airports. However, X-ray diffraction systems designed for baggage screening generally suffer from poor photon count statistics and bad spatial resolution, because of the tight collimations and the small scattering angle. To improve these factors, techniques of sub-pixelation can be implemented in CdZnTe detectors. Indeed, sub-pixelation enables to open the collimation without angular resolution degradation and also to segment the inspected volume in several sub-volumes, inducing a better spatial resolution in the X-ray beam direction. In this paper, we present some experiments demonstrating the interest of sub-pixelation within CdZnTe detectors for X-ray diffraction imaging systems. In particular, an experimental demonstration is presented with a 2D XRD image of a realistic baggage performed with only one single pixel from our own CdZnTe based imager.


Advanced‐stage mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome (MF/SS) have a poor prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly using a reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen, is a promising treatment for advanced‐stage MF/SS. We performed RIC‐HSCT in nine patients with advanced MF/SS. With a median follow‐up period of 954 days after HSCT, the estimated 3‐year overall survival was 85.7% (95% confidence interval, 33.4–97.9%) with no non‐relapse mortality. Five patients relapsed after RIC‐HSCT; however, in four patients whose relapse was detected only from the skin, persistent complete response was achieved in one patient, and the disease was manageable in other three patients by the tapering of immunosuppressants and donor lymphocyte infusion, suggesting that graft‐versus‐lymphoma effect and 'down‐staging' effect from advanced stage to early stage by HSCT improve the prognosis of advanced‐stage MF/SS. These results suggest that RIC‐HSCT is an effective treatment for advanced MF/SS. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A general theory is presented concerning the interaction between the polaritons and the acoustic phonons in molecular crystals. Using a one‐phonon approximation to truncate the hierarchy of the Green's functions involved and disregarding mixing of different polariton bands, we derive an expression for the dielectric permeability of the crystal. The absorption coefficient for the coupled polariton‐phonon spectrum is found to have an asymmetric Lorentzian lineshape even if the frequency dependence of the energy shift and spectral width is neglected. The damping function causing the asymmetry of the spectral line depends entirely on the coupling between the dressed electron subsystem and the phonon field. Expressions are developed for the energy shift and spectral width of the resonance line, and their temperature dependence is discussed. Far from the resonance peak, the frequency and temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient is established. In the transparent region of frequencies of the crystal,...


In the last few years many automatic or semi-automatic data-repairing algorithms have been proposed in order to improve the quality of a given database. Due to the richness of research proposals, it is important to conduct experimental evaluations to assess each tool's potential. Bart is an open-source error-generation system conceived to support thorough experimental evaluations of these data-repairing systems. In this paper we discuss how generating errors in data is a complex problem, with several facets. We introduce the important notions of detectability and repairability of an error, that stand at the core of Bart. Then, we show how, by changing the features of errors, it is possible to influence quite significantly the performance of the tools. Finally, we concretely put to work five data-repairing algorithms on dirty data of various kinds generated using Bart, and discuss their performance.


From a leader in the agile process movement, learn best practices for moving agile development with Scrum from the skunk works (small team) to the shop floor (the enterprise). Managers get case studies and practical guidance for managing the change processes for applying Scrum in the enterprise.


TO solve the hydropower construction scheme optimization problem,this paper is obtained economic benefit maximization of optimization design model under the premise of electricity demand and technical requirements,by the use of the 0-1 integer programming,of the dynamic programming algorithm and of the GA algorithm.


At room temperature Fe and Cu form almost no solid solution in equilibrium
phase diagram but X-ray diffraction and DTA show that the metastable
Fe_(1-x)Cu_x supersaturated solid solution can be obtained after 5 h of ball-milling of the mixed
Fe and Cu powders. The bcc phase is extended over the region with x≤0.10, while the fcc
phase with x≥0.30. For 0.10x0.30, the mixed phase of bcc and fcc may be co-existed.
The DTA curve of Fe_(60)Cu_(40) after ball-milling 60 h exhibits that the transformation of γ→
α-Fe(Cu) occurred at about 670℃. The K-S orientation relationship between α-Fe(Cu)
and Cu(Fe) has been observed by HREM and proved that the transition of γ→α-Fe(Cu) is
martensitic.


Youth in grades 4 to 6 were presented with healthy living topics through a two cycle, 11-week 4-H after school curriculum designed for low income, urban populations. Pre- and post-surveys were used to measure knowledge of healthy homes topics such as mold and moisture, lead poisoning, pests, asthma triggers, smoking, and food safety. Daily journaling activities designed to measure youth engagement also added to the mixed data set. Lessons learned about program efficacy, youth knowledge, and youth engagement are presented.


Scene graph generation is an important task in computer vision aimed at improving the semantic understanding of the visual world. In this task, the model needs to detect objects and predict visual relationships between them. Most of the existing models predict relationships in parallel assuming their independence. While there are different ways to capture these dependencies, we explore a conditional approach motivated by the sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) formalism. Different from the previous research, our proposed model predicts visual relationships one at a time in an autoregressive manner by explicitly conditioning on the already predicted relationships. Drawing from translation models in NLP, we propose an encoder-decoder model built using Transformers where the encoder captures global context and long range interactions. The decoder then makes sequential predictions by conditioning on the scene graph constructed so far. In addition, we introduce a novel reinforcement learning-based training strategy tailored to Seq2Seq scene graph generation. By using a self-critical policy gradient training approach with Monte Carlo search we directly optimize for the (mean) recall metrics and bridge the gap between training and evaluation. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate that our Seq2Seq learning approach achieves strong empirical performance, outperforming previous state-of-the-art, while remaining efficient in terms of training and inference time. Full code for this work is available here: https://github.com/layer6ai-labs/SGG-Seq2Seq.


There are large numbers of Manchu's genealogies in Chinese Northeast Area.These Manchu's genealogies are important for the studies of family history,national history,Ming and Qing Dynasties history,local history,and so on.This paper focuses on the collections and historical importance of Manchu's Genealogy in Chinese Northeast Area.


Africa is one of the world's richest continents laden with tangible and intangible natural resources. Despite the wealth of natural resources, many African citizens are still living in great penury, frustration and hopelessness. Striving to provide solution to the challenges of poverty in Africa may hold no water without the recognition of the role and impact of indigenous languages in the educational and economic sectors. It is observed that developed countries ardently project, preserve, protect, promote and commodify their languages for educational and economic purposes while developing countries lack the political will to do the same for their indigenous languages, hence the failure to harness the values thereof. The paper argues that the diverse and dynamic indigenous language heritage is an enabling resource for developing communities to actively participate in the knowledge economy and initiate development within their communities themselves. The knowledge economy is the economic part of the information society in which the creation and utilization of knowledge play a principal role in the creation of wealth. African leadership must strive to enable most of the indigenous languages to become the instruments of work and scientific understanding. The study argues that with the right leadership, the educational and economic values of indigenous languages can be harnessed. Ugochukwu: Sound Leadership: A Tool for Harnessing the Educational and Economic Values of Indigenous Languages 177


The authors consider the problem of optimal information seeking under partial observability in a static task environment. A normative model is developed and several normative hypotheses were generated. A team-in-the-loop experiment was designed to validate the normative predictions. The human data are compared with the cognitive biases of primacy and undervaluing of others' opinions. A normative-descriptive model incorporating these descriptive factors was developed via structural modifications of the normative model. The results of the normative-descriptive model were found to be in excellent agreement with the decisions made by the human subjects. The information seeking behavior of humans was found to be highly nonoptimal.<<ETX>>


One of the main constraints in increasing livestock productivity in the tropical region is the scarcity of good quality feed throught the year, particularly during the long-dry season. Being a leguminous tree, Indigofera sp known to be tolerant to dry climate and salinity, should be considered as alternative fodder for ruminant animals. This study is aimed to investigate the productivity and some nutritional quality of Indigofera sp under different interval and hight of defoliation. The experiment was designed in a randomized block of factorial treatments. The factors were interval of defoliation (30, 60 and 90 days) and hight of defoliation (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m above ground level). Indigofera sp was planted in 4 x 3 m plots of 36 plots (4 replications) and were harvested at 8 months old. The DM production, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility were measured according to the treatments. The highest DM productivity was (33.25 t ha -1 y -1 ) at defoliation interval of 90 days and defoliation hight of 1.5 m, and was not different (P > 0.05) from the treatment combination of 60 days defoliation interval and 1,5 m defoliation hight (31.23 t ha -1 y -1 ). The highest leaf/stem ratio was 2.6 (P 0.05) for the 90-d defoliation interval and 1.5 m defoliation hight (385.6 and 267.0 g/kg, respectively). The crude protein content was lowest (P 0.05) the DM and OM in vitro digestibility. They were at the 90-d defoliation interval ranging from 680.2 to 706.8 g/kg and from 668.6 to 686.8 g/kg, respectively across the defoliation hight different. The DM and OM digestibility were not different (P > 0.05) between the 30 and 60-day defoliation intervals. It is concluded that when planted at low land of wet climate the combination of a 60-d defoliation interval and 1.5 m defoliation hight is an optimum cutting management in utilization of Indigofera sp as foliage for ruminant. Key Words : Defoliation, Nutritive Quality, Productivity, Indigofera sp


Abstract This paper examines the meaning of the term effective length. The failings of the relevant literature to satisfy the needs of present and future automated design techniques are highlighted. The different approaches currently available for evaluating effective lengths are reviewed. The eigenvalue method which establishes an overall structure instability criteria is considered. The remainder of the methods all involve expressing the effective lengths of a member in terms of the member stiffness and the stiffnesses provided by the end supports. The importance of obtaining accurate stiffness values representing the member end conditions becomes clear from the formulations obtained and the examples presented in the paper. A method of estimating suitable stiffness values during a typical optimization or automated design procedure is suggested. One of the approaches for evaluating effective lengths is extended to take advantage of the information available from the analysis and to allow for partial rest...


People seem to carry a behavioral bias in investing in the stock market. This is usually depicted in people's investment behavior that coincides with market behavior in different up and down. These can be called psychological barriers' that are certain index levels (usually in multiples of 100) at which the market tends to stick before breaking out either up or down. This behavior is devoid of any rational explanation and has nothing to do with the market fundamentals. This paper explored whether proximity bias exists in the Pakistani stock market that could create 'psychological barriers' and create investors' subjective perception of 'something special' about certain index levels. We carry out an empirical analysis of the KSE-100 index to investigate these up and down that relate to human psychology. We obtained daily stock price indices of these emerging markets from the beginning of 1994 to the end of 2011 consisting of 2610 time-series data points. The psychological barriers were set at multiples of one hundred, such as the 500-level, 600-level, 700-level, and onwards. For the KSE-100 indices which are at multiples of a thousand, such as 6000-level, 7000-level, 8000-level.Our results reveal that the index price did display signs of barriers in both the price level and conditional return dynamics. The barrier effects indicated in the results of this study show clear infrequencies in the price distribution and conditional return dynamics of the series over the period examined. This study does not claim to link the barriers to a particular causal effect, but the authors believe that the lack of a formal rational explanation does seem to indicate a behavioral underpinning.


The 12 C( 18 O, 16 O) 14 C reaction at 84 MeV has been studied at INFN-LNS laboratory using the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. High resolution energy spectra and cross-section angular distributions have been measured. DWBA calculations of both direct and sequential transfer to the 14 C ground state show the important role of the interference between the two processes to describe the experimental data.


Mammography still remains the best screening tool for early detection of breast cancer, and the recent ACRIN DMIST results draw attention to the fact that digital mammography is better at detecting cancers in dense breasts. Digital mammography equipment has continued to develop and improve and more vendors and models have entered the marketplace with FDA approval. The technology used in these systems generally falls into four main categories: direct capture detectors, indirect capture detectors, slot scanning, and cassette‐based storage phosphors(computed radiography). Additionally, a photon counting system is being developed. Each of these technologies has its advantages and disadvantages. A review of the systems currently available is presented, including the detector technology utilized. Features of these systems are also presented. This is a Self Assessment Module (SAM) to help fulfill the requirements of the Maintenance of Certification (MOC) process as defined by the American Board of Radiology (ABR). As such, audience participation through interactive questions will be provided during the course of the lecture. Educational Objectives: 1. Become familiar with the detector technologies currently used in digital mammography systems. 2. Become familiar with the digital mammography systems available from each manufacturer. 3. Become familiar with the unique elements of each system.


A new geometrical conservative interpolation on unstructured meshes is developed for preserving still water equilibrium and positivity of water depth at each iteration of mesh movement, leading to an adaptive moving finite volume (AMFV) scheme for modeling flood inundation over dry and complex topography. Unlike traditional schemes involving position‐fixed meshes, the iteration process of the AFMV scheme moves a fewer number of the meshes adaptively in response to flow variables calculated in prior solutions and then simulates their posterior values on the new meshes. At each time step of the simulation, the AMFV scheme consists of three parts: an adaptive mesh movement to shift the vertices position, a geometrical conservative interpolation to remap the flow variables by summing the total mass over old meshes to avoid the generation of spurious waves, and a partial differential equations(PDEs) discretization to update the flow variables for a new time step. Five different test cases are presented to verify the computational advantages of the proposed scheme over nonadaptive methods. The results reveal three attractive features: (i) the AMFV scheme could preserve still water equilibrium and positivity of water depth within both mesh movement and PDE discretization steps; (ii) it improved the shock‐capturing capability for handling topographic source terms and wet‐dry interfaces by moving triangular meshes to approximate the spatial distribution of time‐variant flood processes; (iii) it was able to solve the shallow water equations with a relatively higher accuracy and spatial‐resolution with a lower computational cost.


President Hu Jintao emphasized that the Three Represent's Theory is a scientific system developing overtime. The theory, a last product of Marxism development in China, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory, are of the same origin. To get to know this better, from the point of the common world view, methodology, theoretical quality, and social values, I explore the intrinsic unity of the systematic theory of the same origin between the "three represents" theory, Marxism and Deng Xiaoping theory.


The varying frequency commutation station,which takes TSMC(Two Stage Matrix Converter) as AC / DC / AC transformation equipment to improve the FFFTS(Flexible Fractional Frequency Transmission System),supplies the fractional frequency power from hydraulic generator to TSMC via the step-up transformer and transmission line. The later then converts the fractional frequency power into the industry frequency power for power network or AC consumers. A total solution is provided after the topology of its main circuit,two space vector modulation strategy and zero-current commutation technology are discussed,which takes full advantages of TSMC:compact structure,bi-directional energy transfer,controllable output frequency and adjustable input power factor. Simulation under Matlab / Simulink environment proves that,it obviously improves the efficiency of power transmission,greatly suppresses the harmonic components and effectively decreases the inactive power. When the input of fractional frequency power is unsymmetrical,the balanced output at grid side can be ensured by modifying the inverter modulation coefficients.


A Dissertation submitted in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Procurement and Supply Chain Management (PSCM) of Mzumbe University.


The human skulls studied in this paper were unearthed from cemeteries in Luo Yang District, Henan province in 1958. All of them were soldiers' remains during the period of Liberation war. 300 male adult skulls were selected and determined The program determined is as follows: maximum cranial length (g-op), maxmum craninl breedth (eu-eu), bssi-bregmatic height (ba-b) and cranial capacity, cranial index, cranial length-height iadex and cranial breadth-height index. The eouipment used in the process of meauuring is the Anthroposteomtre which was designed by professor woo Ju-kong of Institute of Vertebrate paleotology and paleonthropology Academia Sinica.The method of determining and index computerizstion were standarded in accordance with the rule stipulated by Martin. In his Anthropology the results obtained are as follows: the maximum average cranial length is 176.28mm, cranial breadth—137.05mm and basi-bregmstic height (ba-b)—135.94mm cranial length-breadth index is 78.61mm, cranial length-height index—76.95mm and cranial breath-hcigt index—98.39mm. The data above show that the skulls unesrthed in Luo Yang District, Hcnan province are mainly Mesocrany and Hysicrany, and that the skulls show the character of the Yellow race, moreover, of Huabei(North China)men. K. Peason's formulae wae adopted in the paper to indirectly determine the cranial capacity of the 300 specimens, the minimum is 1231.07ml, the maximum 1678.68 ml.And the average cranial capacity is 1401.2ml The nonmetric morphological observations of skulls were proceeded in this paper, the skulls were placed at the state of Frankfurt'a level·Shapes of outline of the skulls were observed from Norma Verticalis, most of which are ovoid or Ellipsoid. The data above may further elucidate the law of change of the maximum cranial length, the maximum cranial breadth, the cranial capacity and other indexes in the origin and development of human boing accumulate materials for countryman's physical property, also may supply Anthropology and Anatomy with essential reference materials of record.


Walter T. Hughes, Donald Armstrong, Gerald P. Bodey, Eric J. Bow, Arthur E. Brown, Thierry Calandra, Ronald Feld, Philip A. Pizzo, Kenneth V. I. Rolston, Jerry L. Shenep, and Lowell S. Young St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, and Kuzell Institute for Arthritis, San Francisco, California; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, and Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland


The present study focussed on the investigation of seed germination and shoot regeneration potential of different germplasms of A.lebbeck , an important multipurpose tree, collected from three different geographical locations in UP viz. Rampur, Aligarh and Azamgarh. Seeds of A. lebbeck collected from three different places in UP were germinated in vitro on full as well as half strength MS medium. Seeds collected from Rampur showed highest germination rate along with shortest germination time. Among the nodal explants collected from mature tree of three different locations, the nodal explants collected from Aligarh and Rampur showed almost similar response for the number of shoot regeneration on MS medium fortified with BA (5.0 µ M). The in vitro derived nodal explants evoked maximum response from the seedlings raised from seeds of Rampur followed by Aligarh and Azamgarh on the same medium.


Growth parameters and quantum efficiency measurements of the photosynthesis were evaluated on the emergent macrophyte Ludwigia decurrensunder different concentrations of nitrogen (0 mg/L, 465 mg/L y 930 mg/L). Growth was determined as measurements of total length and leaf area, and the emission of chlorophyll fluorescence was used as a measure of real quantum efficiency of the photosystem II. During the study period, a general tendency of increase of growth parameters and quantum efficiency with increase of nitrogen supply was noted. However, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) of emission of fluorescence among treatments. The results of the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) behavior and the growth of the plant trated with different concentrations nitrogen, demonstrate that the macrophyte Ludwigia decurrenscan grow on enriched nitrogen environments.


This paper is concerned with deducing an approximate expression for the relative stream function of the inviscid flow field induced by the single concentrated helical vortex tube that moves uniformly and rigidly without change of form in cylindrical straight pipe. In our previous discussion, the exact solution of the relative stream function is with infinite items, but now, the approximate solution with finite item is discussed, and so, the relative stream function can be calculated.


There is a growing interest in the way products are eliminated in order to prevent purchase discontinuity. The authors present an empirical study on the ways products are eliminated in the Nigerian insurance industry. Specifically, the papers examined the factors normally considered before elimination decisions are taken, and the key problems encountered during elimination stages. The data obtained from thirty-four insurance companies through a structured questionnaire were analyzed and a ranking of the variables relevant to the elimination process was provided. The kolmogorov-smirnov test was used to test the formulated hypotheses. Government policies and regulations as well as operational problems are the most important factors leading to elimination process. The paper also reports that the most difficult problem encountered during the elimination process is maintaining customer's goodwill.


The RoboCup competitions hold various leagues, and the Soccer Simulation 2D League is a major one among them. Soccer Simulation 2D (SS2D) match involves two teams, including 11 players and a coach, competing against each other. The players can only communicate with the Soccer Simulation Server during the game. This paper presents the latest research of the CYRUS soccer simulation 2D team, the champion of RoboCup 2021. We will explain our denoising idea powered by long short-term memory networks (LSTM) and deep neural networks (DNN). The CYRUS team uses the CYRUS2D base code that was developed based on the Helios and Gliders bases.


Concentrations of Se(IV) and Se(VI) in different drinking waters have been determined by the extraction-photometric redox method. Selenium factor characteristics of natural sources have been found which reflect current conditions of their functioning. The total selenium concentration does not exceed the maximum permissible value.


Contents: Preface Prelude The How and Why of This Book Framing the Study The People of Cerbere Speak The People of Portbou Speak A New Direction The State of Culture in Roussillon Northern Catalans Speak Language and Identity on the Horns of a Dilema


The study was carried out in six districts of IluAbbabor zone of the production year of 2015/16. Coffee is the major crop but its productivity is low. This can be improved by using the available resource and technology. This study analyzed the efficiency of coffee production and assessing the potential for improvement. Cross-sectional data were used to analyze the economic efficiency of coffee production and identify its determinants factors from 200 farmers were selected using probability proportional sampling technique. The parametric stochastic frontier approach was employed to measure economic efficiency. The results indicate very low levels of technical, allocative and economic efficiency among coffee farmers. The production function indicated that labor was the only variable that had a positive and significant impact in determining coffee production. The mean technical efficiency (TE), allocative efficiency (AE) and economic efficiency (EE) of the household calculated from parametric approach of stochastic frontier analysis were 71.71%, 14.13% and 10.12% respectively. Relationships between TE, AE, and EE, and various variables were expected to have effect on efficiency were examined. An important conclusion emanating from this study is that AE appears to be more significant than TE as a source of gain in EE. From a policy point of view age of the household head, access to credit, land fragmentation, family size and total farmland are the variables found to be the most promising for improving efficiencies of coffee productions. Therefore, policies and strategies of the government should be directed towards the above mentioned determinants.


Clinical Examination Radiographs Ultrasound Arthrography Nuclear Medicine Studies Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the --Shoulder --Elbow --Hand --Hip --Knee --Ankle --Foot --Spine --Pelvis


Abstract We provide a general purpose result for the coupling of exploration processes of random graphs, both undirected and directed, with their local weak limits when this limit is a marked Galton–Watson process. This class includes in particular the configuration model and the family of inhomogeneous random graphs with rank-1 kernel. Vertices in the graph are allowed to have attributes on a general separable metric space and can potentially influence the construction of the graph itself. The coupling holds for any fixed depth of a breadth-first exploration process.


It is now realized that the haemorrhagic diathesis characterized by a prolonged bleeding-time and a normal platelet count, and variously referred to as von Willebrand's syndrome, pseudohaemophilia, vascular haemophilia, and hereditary thrombopathy, represents a heterogeneous group of disorders. Haemostatic defects described in patients with this condition include abnormal capillary morphology and function (Macfarlane, 1941; Schulman et al., 1955), antihaemophilic globulin (A.H.G.) deficiency (Alexander and Goldstein, 1953; Valberg and Brown, 1958), a deficiency of a haemostatic factor in the 1-0 fraction of plasma (Nilsson et al., 1957), and a morphological or functional abnormality of platelets (Sussman et al., 1952; Braunsteiner and Pakesch, 1956). The finding of the Bridge anticoagulant in the patient described adds yet another to the list. Although haemorrhage in these patients is not usually serious, fatalities have been recorded (Buchanan and Leavell, 1956; Lavelle, 1957). No long-term treatment has yet proved effective in controlling the bleeding tendency. For this reason the following case of a severely affected patient is reported, as treatment with oestrogens appeared to prevent the onset of spontaneous bleeding. Case Reporl


Frequent losses of heterozygosity observed at several chromosomal loci in primary lung cancers have indicated the existence of several tumor suppressor genes associated with this type of cancer. We have examined loss of heterozygosity on chromosomal arm 8p in 49 cases of non‐small cell lung carcinoma, using 14 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. Of 42 cases informative with at least one marker, 21 showed allelic loss, including 15 of 32 adenocarcinomas and 5 of 9 squamous cell carcinomas. The frequency of allelic loss on 8p was similar at all clinical stages. Deletion mapping defined a single common region of deletion in these tumors within an 8 cM interval at 8p21.3–p22 flanked by the loci defined by cMSR‐32 and cC18–245. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Loading noise is predicted from unsteady surface pressure measurements on a NACA 0015 airfoil immersed in grid-generated turbulence. The time-dependent pressure is obtained from an array of synchronized transducers on the airfoil surface. Far field noise is predicted by using the time-dependent surface pressure as input to Formulation 1A of Farassat, a solution of the Ffowcs Williams Hawkings equation. Acoustic predictions are performed with and without the effects of airfoil surface curvature. Scaling rules are developed to compare the present far field predictions with acoustic measurements that are available in the literature.


I recognize that this excellent paper is hard to read for a clinician and hair transplant surgeons like many of us, but there are so many interesting observations, especially the descriptions of hair morphogenesis, that deserve the effort of a complete, careful, and concentrated reading. Basically, the authors describe a system that can generate new hair follicles by injecting a mixture of dissociated epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The experiments were all conducted in mice. In this system, the epithelial and mesenchymal cells are isolated from newborn mouse truncal skin. For isolation of these inductive cells, the authors follow a protocol previously described in Lichti et al. (J Invest Dermatol 1993; 101: 124S–129S). In short, the mesenchymal cells represent the single cell fraction after hair follicles have been removed from a collagenase digest of newborn mouse dermis. It provides dermal papilla cells, fibroblasts, and possiFrom the Literature


The sections in this article are

1
Introduction

2
Fluctuations in Proteins

3
Fluctuations in Lipid Bilayers

4
Deuteron T1 Frequency Dispersion of Protein Solutions in D2O

5
Critical Water Contents

6
Proton T1 Frequency Dispersion of Tissue

7
T1ρ Frequency Dispersion Imaging

8
Biographical Sketch

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I first met Albert Weideman in 1996 at the 11th World Congress of Applied Linguistics (AILA) in Jyvaskyla, Finland. Albert was one of the first South Africans I had ever encountered, and he proved to be a worthy representative. I have learned much from Albert over the years as I have watched him in his many accomplished roles. A self-described "philosopher," Albert Weideman is that. However, he also operates skillfully out of the ivory tower and in the world; he is, in short, a rare combination of an academic and an entrepreneur.


In natural disasters, due to the damage of infrastructure, the traditional mobile communication is affected, which brings great obstacles to the actions of rescue teams. Meanwhile, emergency communication vehicles cannot provide timely communication services under the conditions of complex terrain. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can be quickly deployed and provide satisfactory emergency service, is a promising means to address the communication issue in emergency situations. In this paper, a Master-Slave UAV model, which can provide reliable communications quickly for a wide range of disaster areas, is proposed. In the proposed Master-Slave UAV model, the master UAV is fixed, and the slave UAV is flying with a circular trajectory centered on the master UAV. The coverage radius of the master UAV, bandwidth allocation, and the circular trajectory radius of slave UAV are investigated to maximize the minimum throughput of all users. Simulation results demonstrate that a significant throughput gain can be achieved by the proposed solution.


The vast majority of us have at least one brother or sister, yet sibling relationships have received scant attention in the UK. While many parents claim to have a second child as a 'companion' for their first child, the reality is that many brothers and sisters spend much of their time locked in conflict. At the extreme, it is in fact the case that children are more likely to become the victims of abuse by a sibling than by any other family member. On the flip side, many brothers and sisters are, at least at times, the best of friends. This article describes a study designed to uncover features of families as well as individual children that foster warm, intimate relationships between siblings versus hostile, conflict-ridden brother-sister interactions.


Following J.-L. Krivine, we call the type inference system introduced by M. Coppo and M. Dezani where types are propositional formulae written with conjunction and implication from propositional letters — there is no special const ant . We show here that the well-known result on , stating that any term which pos- sesses a type in strongly normalises does not need a new reducibility argument, but is a mere consequence of strong normalization for natural deduction restricted t o the conjunction and implication. The proof of strong normalization for natural deduc- tion, and therefore our result, as opposed to reducibility arguments, can be carri ed out within primitive recursive arithmetic. On the other hand, this enlightens the r e- lation between and that G. Pottinger has already wondered about, and can be applied to other situations, like the lambda calculus with multiplicities of G. Boudol.


This study used an experimental design in print advertisements to examine the source credibility dimensions of expertise, trustworthiness, attractiveness, similarity, and liking within the context of three different visual strategies. In addition, the ethnicity and gender of the model was examined. The study was conducted with a student sample using credit cards as the service category. The results indicate overwhelming support for using a slice-of-life visual strategy over either a fantasy or emotional approach. The ethnicity and gender of the model impacted the perception of the five dimensions of


Sir, Esophageal spasm causes severe retrosternal pain and discomfort at times. Patients with achalasia cardia, esophageal reflux, and esophageal ulcers suffer a lot for this intractable pain. The antispasmodics, calcium‐channel blockers, proton‐pump inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and opioids are recommended as the remedies to relief this pain.[1] Phosphodiesterase inhibitor‐5 is also reported to relief this symptoms.[2] We used almost all the optional agents on three of our patients with esophageal spasm in the postanesthesia care unit but did not get desired effects. Then, we switched over to administer intravenous nalbuphine, and we got excellent results out of it.


This report, published in two parts, highlights some of the costs as well as trade‐related implications of maritime piracy and takes stock of key regulatory and other initiatives that have been pursued by the international community in an effort to combat piracy, in particular following the escalation of piracy off the coast of Somalia/Gulf of Aden/Indian Ocean. Part I of the report sets the scene and provides some figures and statistics trends in maritime piracy and related crimes. It also highlights some of the key issues at stake by focusing on the potential first order and second order costs and some of the broader trade‐related implications of maritime piracy.


The effects of different amount of dry chicken manure,pig manure and cow manure on growth of cauliflower were studied.The results showed that the three tested manures obviously increased the soil fertility and the quality of cauliflower with higher product.Taking benefit and cauliflower quality into account,the rational amount of pig manure was 7 500 kg or 15 000 kg per hectare,the next was 22 500 kg per hectare for pig manure or cow manure.Pig manure and cow manure have obvious effects on increasing organic matter and alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen in soil.


Being active and living in the Midwestern and Western parts of the United States can increase older adults' risk for developing fungal disease.


This paper reports on the structure of the autonomous station for monitoring artificial gamma activity in surface water bodies for the purposes of emergency preparedness of the Czech Republic. A simple design based on the NaI(Tl) submersible detector powered by a combined solar and wind source has been employed.


This paper proposes an integrated impedance based fault detection scheme for microgrid. The aim of this research work is to develop an effective methodology which can be employed for the protection of microgrid with wide variation in operating conditions. The integrated impedance magnitude (IIM) is computed from the positive sequence voltage and current phasors of both ends of the line. To extract the phasor information, IEEE C37.118.1 complied phasor measurement units (PMUs) are employed on the line. The IIM value is continuously monitored to detect the fault events. A medium voltage microgrid and the PMU are simulated on the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. The proposed scheme is tested for wide variation in fault conditions such as fault resistance, fault type, fault locations and distributed energy resources (DERs) penetration for diverse operating conditions. To examine the selectivity of the scheme, the performance of the IIM is tested for several critical cases including load outage, DERs disconnection, grid-islanding resynchronization and section cut-off etc. The test results confirm that the proposed scheme can be a potential candidate for microgrid protection.


Two experiments were carried out to study the effects of intraruminal infusion of artificial saliva on rumen liquid kinetics,fermentation and microbial N supply in sheep.Urinary excretion of purine derivatives was used as an index of the supply of microbial N to the animal.In Expt.1,each of the four sheep was fed 1 kg/d of a mixed diet (based on chopped hay) and given ruminal infusions of 0,1.5,3 or 4 L/d of artificial saliva (AS) using a 4 x 4 latin square design.In Expt.2,each of the three sheep was fed kg/d of the same diet (but pelleted) and given infusions of 0,4,8 L/d of AS and 4 L/d of double con centrated artificial saliva (DAS) using a 3 x 4 incomplete latin square design.In Expt.1,there was ao significant effect of the Infusions on the rumen liquid volume,liquid dilution rate,and microbial Nstpply Total VFA concentration significantly increased with infusion of 3 I,/d AS ( P0.05 ).Other ferrncu tation parameters were not changed.In Expt.2,only the infusions of 8 L/d of AS and of 4L/d of DAS increased (P0.05) the rumen liquid dilution rate and microbial N supply.Rumen lipuid volume was not changed.Rumen pH significantly increased with infusions of 8 L/d AS and 4 L/d DAS ( P0.05 ) The concentration of rumen ammonia-N significantly decreased with the volume and concentration of;ar tificial saliva ( P0.05).The efficiency of microbia! N supply for the four treatments were 8.50,11.20 13.10 and 13.79 g/kg digestible organic matter intake(DOMI),respectively(s.e=0.95) and were corn-lated with the rumen liquid dilution rate.


We report a case of a new diagnosis of HIV with an extremely high viral load presenting with HIV encephalopathy, in a 54-year-old woman who had been treated with 2 years of extended high-dose immunosuppressant therapy for a recalcitrant pruritic rash before diagnosis.


1-(4-Substituted phenyl)-3-(substituted)propan-1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)hydrazines and 1-(4-substituted phenyl)3-(substituted)propan-1-(5H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl) hydrazines have been synthesized by the fusion of triazine and benzimidazole derivatives with Mannich bases. The synthesized compounds have been characterized and screened against ITCC 5226 Sclerotium rolfsii and ITCC 0482 Macrophomina phaseolina and MTCC739 Escherichia coli, ATCC6533 Bacillus subtilis, ATCC9144 Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC25619 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ATCC24433 Candida albicans.


A branchial cleft cyst is a congenital abnormality typically located over the lateral aspect of neck. A 3 year old boy presented with a gradually progressive painless swelling below his chin since 1 year. CT scan demonstrated well defined cystic lesion in submental region. Excision was done and histopathology showed the cyst lined by stratified squamous epithelium and at places lined by pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with subepithelial lymphocytes suggesting branchial cyst. Branchial cleft cysts should also be considered as one of the differential diagnoses in cystic midline lesions of the neck, if it's not moving with deglutition and with tongue protrusion.


A multi-objective mixed integer programming model for the Multi-Airship Area Covering Deployment Optimization Problem(MAACDOP) is presented.MAACDOP takes the available quantity of airship and their coverage capability into account.The objectives are to maximize the coverage profits and minimize the total construction cost.Then a Multi-Airship Cooperative Covering Evolutionary Algorithm (MACCEA) is proposed.Taking full advantage of the heuristic information related to the target position and the airship coverage capability,MACCEA can construct the initial solutions and avoid converging slowly in the process of evolution.Problem specific crossover and mutation operators ensure the feasibility of the children so as to prevent the algorithm from falling into local optimum.Elitism mechanism is adopted to prevent losing non-dominated individuals generated during the evolutionary process and speed up the convergence of the algorithm.Use an external archive to store the non-dominated solutions in the iterations,and guarantee the diversity of the solutions.The simulation results testified that the algorithm can solve the MAACDOP effectively.


This report summarizes key elements of a comprehensive Jan uary 2008 report of field investigations of improved practices and literacy outcomes i n targeted idaaras in Cairo, Fayoum and Minia. The study is not an evaluation but rather a l arning and stocktaking exercise based on capturing and analyzing the perspectives of key stakeholders. After outlining the situation of literacy in Egypt, the policy context and major program ef forts, it presents 5 key practices that contribute to improved learner outcomes: creating public/C SO partnerships, strengthening literacy facilitators, adapting supervision and mentoring to varying conditions across the governorates, improving supplemental literacy materials a nd teacher training guides, and transferring capacities for scale and sustainability. It then explores the barriers to and reasons for increased enrollment, retention and pass rates that con tribute to ERP's program innovations and key practices. For purposes of comparison, it also presen ts important features of Caritas' wellknown literacy program in Minia. It concludes by summarizi ng learning and presenting possible next steps.


A solution to secure text-based transmission is designed to solve the security problems in E-business. The Java Applet and J2EE platform are used to develop this scheme. On the client terminal, the operations of encryption for sensitive information and digital signature are realized. On the server terminal, the identity verification, decryption, and signature verification are realized.


The comprehensive system of information security of an enterprise includes both tactical aspects of information and strategic priorities, reflecting the information policy and information strategy of the enterprise. Ensuring a given level of cybersecurity requires the identification of threat actors, their purpose, intentions of attacks on the IT infrastructure, and weak points of the enterprise's information security. To achieve these goals, enterprises need new information security solutions. In this work, a mathematical model of the process of cyber risk management in the enterprise, which is based on the distribution of piecewise continuous analytical approximating functions of cyber attacks in the Fourier series, is obtained. A constant continuous monitoring and conduction of cyber regulatory control of the enterprise on time makes it possible to effectively ensure the cybersecurity of the enterprise in real time—predicting the emergence of cyber threats to some extent—which, in turn, determines the management of cyber risks arising in the field of information security of the enterprise. Such a Fourier series expansion of the piecewise continuous analytical approximating function of the intensity of cyber attacks on damage to standard software, obtained by approximating empirical–statistical slices of the intensity of cyber attacks on damage to standard software for each time period by analytical functions, opens up new mathematical possibilities of transition to systems of regulatory control of cyber threats of the enterprise from discrete to continuous automated process for such types of control.


This paper develops and estimates a structural model of differentiated-products demand in an environment with in-store displays and costly consumer price search. This investigation is motivated by two stylized facts on retail markets. First, the prevalence of retail "sales" means that relative prices in most product categories vary substantially from week to week. Second, quantities sold often respond at least as much to changes in relative locations (in-store displays) as to changes in relative prices. The model proposed here incorporates both effects: sale-induced price variation provides a reason to search, and displays convey information about prevailing prices. This model is then applied to store-level data on laundry detergent purchases, using short-run price fluctuation to recover preference parameters and short-run display fluctuations to recover search parameters. The resulting structural estimates suggest that information frictions have substantial effects on purchase outcomes, with roughly 52 percent of consumers having positive search costs and a mean search cost of roughly $1.68 among this sub-population. I further explore the potential relationship between consumer search and demand analysis, and find that accounting for displays and other promotions substantially lowers elasticity estimates.


The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is a computerized assessment of cognitive abilities used for management of sport-concussion that has been translated into 22 languages. Research suggests that language of administration may affect ImPACT performance in bilingual individuals. This study examined the rate of invalid baselines in bilingual/monolingual athletes and in different languages of administrations to explore any potential language biases in ImPACT's validity index.

 Participants included 47,677 athletes (Mage = 15.11; 57.37% male) from across Nevada who completed a baseline assessment. There were 90 different languages reported among 10,798 bilingual athletes (22.65%). Chi-square analyses were conducted to examine group differences in rate of invalid baselines by language (monolingual/bilingual) and administration language.

 Overall, 6.2% of athletes produced invalid baselines. There were no significant differences in the rate of invalid baselines in self-reported monolingual (6.1%) and bilingual athletes (6.4%; p > .05). There were 12 different languages of administration; however, due to small sample sizes of some administration languages, further analyses were only conducted with English and Spanish administrations. There were no significant differences in invalid baselines in English (6.2%) and Spanish administrations (7.3%; p > .05). Additionally, among the bilingual Spanish/English speakers, there were no significant differences in invalid baselines in English (6.4%) and Spanish administrations (6.5%; p > .05).

 The current study demonstrates that rates of invalid baselines do not differ based on monolingualism/bilingualism or administration language. This is promising given the high demand for baseline testing, an increase in athletes' diverse language abilities, and various available languages of ImPACT administration.


Abstract Many conditions affect the salivary glands. They affect all of the salivary tissue, but all conditions affect the parotid and the submandibular glands preferentially because of their size and location. Adults and children are affected and only the common conditions are discussed in the contribution.


In the present study we elaborated algorithms by using concepts from percolation theory which analyze the connectivity conditions in geological models of petroleum reservoirs. From the petrophysical parameters such as permeability, porosity, transmittivity and others, which may be generated by any statistical process, it is possible to determine the portion of the model with more connected cells, what the interconnected wells are, and the critical path between injector and source wells. This allows to classify the reservoir ac-cording to the modeled petrophysical parameters. This also make it possible to determine the percentage of the reservoir to which each well is connected. Generally, the connected regions and the respective minima and/or maxima in the oc-currence of the petrophysical parameters studied constitute a good manner to characterize a reservoir volumetrically. Therefore, algorithms allow optimize positioning of wells, offering a preview of the general conditions of the given model's connectivity.


AIM
In this study, we present a small series of patients with pilonidal cyst, which were treated with NeoV1470 Laser System using Infinite Ring Fiber 600 microns (Mm) (NeoLaser, Caesarea, Israel) (Infinite Ring Fiber - IRF). This fiber is characterized by circular 360-degree heat release, an active 4 mm tip with 1470nm emission and up to now it has been used only for vessel surgery. We are investigating its use in the treatment of pilonidal cyst.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
It is a case series study (December 2020 - December 2021) consisting of 13 patients. The choice criterion for the study was that the patient should have at least one fistula opening with maximum size of orifice < 5mm. All patients were treated as day clinic. Surgery was performed with intravenous sedation and local anesthesia using lidocaine. The pulse regime we use was (8w, 3sec, 24 J/per pulse).

RESULTS
All the patients had successful treatment. None of the patients treated with the particular fiber had any complications or relapsed disease during the follow up period.

DISCUSSION
In the international literature have been described various therapeutic options of pilonidal cyst therapy. The use of use of IRF is another one.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of NeoV1470 laser system with IRF at pilonidal cyst therapy appears to be a safe and effective option, with less pain and necrotic detriments.

KEY WORDS
Infinite ring fiber, Laser, Pilonidal sinus.


Enamel microabrasion is a proven method of removing intrinsic and superficial defects from teeth, establishing esthetics with minimal loss of dental enamel. This article reports one case in which two different microabrasion techniques were used to remove fluorotic stains from teeth.


Objectives: The aim is to study the evolution of quality requirements in the application file for approval of drug products and their relationship with the quality of industrially manufactured drugs between 1850 and 1950, taking into account the influence of political and social context. Materials and methods: Analysis of the legislation published in Spain referring to pharmaceutical registration from 1850 to 1950, comparing the quality benchmarks to highlight the improvement. Search of information in journals and unpublished documents. Discussion on quality progress related to the socio-political context of the country. Results and conclusions: Until 1855 drugs did not exist as such, there were only secret remedies. The Law of November 28, 1855 established the obligation to declare the remedies to the Health Authority. Since then there was an evolution until the Royal Decree of 1919 established the official register of medicines and assigned a registration number to each medicine. The Royal Decree of 1924 updated the 1919 Decree but no advance was done referring to quality. Then a period of stagnation followed in both the rules of registration and the quality due to the civil war and the international blockade. A Law Reform was announced in 1944 but it took a long time to be done. Summarizing: It was a long period, with advances in organization and little progress in quality requirements in the pharmaceutical registration. When quality requirements increased, drug quality also did. Application files for registration are an essential reference to know the quality at some time.


A rare case of epidermoid cyst of the testis, represented scintigraphically by an area of avascularity in the affected testicle, is described. The differential diagnosis from epididymitis and torsion of testis, and the diagnostic value fo the scintigraphic method to rule out malignant (vascular) testicular tumors, is emphasized.


A novel set of integrodifferential equations is formulated for the analysis of electromagnetic scattering and radiation by three-dimensional homogeneous dielectric bodies. The use of the Stratton-Chu integrals, the Atkinson-Wilcox and multipole representations of electromagnetic fields underlies the considered approaches. The equations are reduced to the infinite algebraic systems solved in a truncated representation. The results obtained by the numerical solution of these systems have been mutually compared and they have been shown to be in agreement. The investigation of convergence and time efficiency of the algorithms have been performed by the solution of the scattering problem for a cube and sphere excited by plane waves. Resonant regimes of dielectric cubes and spheres excited by probes have also been studied and the numerical results have been compared against the results predicted by the approximate theory of dielectric resonators. The convergence criterion for the Atkinson-Wilcox expansion has been formulated.


Endothelial cell damage is a primary feature of diabetes mellitus. Endothelin (ET)-1 synthesized by endothelial cells induces vasoconstriction and stimulates endothelial cell growth (Kimura et al. 1988). It is thought that ET-I may be involved in endothelial cell damage in diabetes mellitus. However, some researchers have shown that the plasma-immunoreactive ET concentration in diabetes mellitus is remarkably increased (Takahashi et al. 1990), while others have observed no change in this parameter (Predel et al. 1990). In this study, a highly sensitive and specific sandwich-enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for human ET-1 [l-211 and human big-ET-1 [l-381 was used (Suzuki et al. 1990) to measure simultaneously the plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big-ET-1 in 10 patients aged 32-55 years (43 k 3, x k s.e.m.) with diabetes mellitus type I1 (NIDDM). Their mean blood pressure, haemogloblin A1 and serum creatine concentration were 101.8k3.5 mmHg, 8.1 f 0 . 4 % and 0.75 k 0.03 mg/dL, respectively. Eight age-matched normotensive healthy subjects served as controls. All of the subjects were studied at Tohoku University Hospital. After 30 min of bed rest, blood samples were drawn from the cubital vein into polypropylene tubes containing aprotinin and EDTA-2Na. Plasma immunoreactive (ir)-ET-1 and ir-big-ET-I were extracted with Sep-pak C-18 cartridges and were subjected to sandwich EIA for ir-ET-1 and ir-big-ET-1. These assays consisted of two sets of antibodies that separately recognize the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of ET-1 and big-ET-1. A mouse monoclonal antibody (AwETN40) used as an immobilized antibody in the EIA recognizes the N-terminal loop domain of ET-I and big-ET-1 but does not react with the ET-1 Cterminal heptapeptide [ 15-21]. The Fab' fragment of rabbit antibodies to C-terminal portions of ET-1 [15-211 or that of big-ET-1 [22-381 was used as the enzyme-labelled antibody after being coupled to horseradish peroxidase. The EIA for ET-1 did not crossreact with big-ET-1 and the EIA for big-ET-1 did not crossreact with ET-1, indicating that each ET-1 can be quantified separately by the EIA. The detection limits of the EIA for ir-ET-1 and ir-big-ET-1 were 0.2 pg per well for both assays. Plasma ir-ET-1 concentration was similar in the patients with diabetes mellitus and the healthy subjects (1.24k0.13 vs 1.45+0.17pg/mL, X+s.e.m., Fig. 1). However, plasma ir-big-ET-1 concentration was markedly elevated in the patients with diabetes mellitus compared with that of the healthy subjects (4.33 & 0.24 vs 3.31 k0.21 pg/mL, P<O.Ol evaluated by Student's t-test, Fig. 1). Thus, the ratio of plasma ET-1 to plasma big-ET-1 was significantly decreased in the diabetic patients compared with that of the healthy subjects (0.29 + 0.02 vs 0.44 k 0.04, P<O.Ol, Fig. 1).


There is increasing commercial interest in the cultivation of microalgae for the production of biofuels, foods, pharmaceuticals, and wastewater treatment. Light is one of the most important factors for the growth and product yield from photosynthetic cells. In this review, light transfer and photosynthesis in algal cells, and the issues of light utilization in the cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactor (PBR) are discussed. Research progress on the improvement of light utilization in microalgae cultivation is outlined. In addition, PBR design assisted by computational fluid dynamics and a strong focus on improving the light characteristics in the scale‐up of PBRs is emphasized.


To help hospitals to reorient themselves to the new trends in health care and to develop the partnership between them and the communities they serve an international study was conducted of the role of hospitals. The objective was to investigate representative examples of the involvement of hospitals in primary health care. The study placed particular emphasis on developing countries although some innovative projects in developed countries were included. Special attention was given to health care activities beyond traditional inpatient and outpatient care. A 1st questionnaire was distributed by post to over 800 establishments in 105 countries. Over 100 hospitals completed a 2nd questionnaire which elicited much more detail of their primary health care programs. Of the 424 hospitals that completed the 1st questionnaire 207 were included in the study. Health promotion as well as disease prevention was concerned with lifestyle improvement physical fitness stress control dental care diet youth counseling and preparation for marriage and motherhood. The most common type of health promotion consisted of education in nutrition. 63% of hospitals had in-house programs; 48% were supporting community programs dealing with this subject. The 2nd most common type of health promotion was that of dental care. Immunization was the most frequently cited preventive health care measure. 69% of the hospitals had in-house programs 53% had programs in the community and 33% were helping other community projects. In the sphere of family planning education was the most frequently reported activity. 64% of the hospitals had in-house projects 46% were sponsoring programs in the community and 38% were giving aid to other family planning projects in the community. Health education was tackled with the aid of radio films puppet theatre television plays story telling songs posters teaching cards cooking demonstration comic books health magazines newspapers and through schools and clubs. The most frequent type of integrated hospital and community care involved hospital responsibility for total health care in a designated geographical area. Training in hospitals most often involved the orientation of health professionals and the preparation of community health workers. 2 cases studies -- 1 the Dr. Carlos Luis Valverde Hospital in San Ramon Costa Rica and the other the Silliman University Medical Center in Dumaguete City Philippines -- are outlined to provide an idea of how integrated primary health care programs operate.


Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) myogenic is around lower back pain caused by musculoskeletal disorders or abnormalities in the thoracic vertebra 12 to below the hips. Complaints on LBP can cause pain, lower back muscle spasm that causes muscle imbalances so that the stability of the abdominal muscles and lower back down, lumbar mobility is limited, resulting in decreased functional activity.
Objective: To investigate the implementation of physiotherapy in reducing pain, increasing range of motion and increase muscle strength in the case of low back pain (LBP) myogenic using Transcutaneus modalities Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and core stability exercises.
Results: after the therapy 6 times showed pain assessment of pain in motion T1: 5.3 cm to T6: 3.8 cm, silent pain T1: 1.5 cm into T6: 1.4 cm, tenderness T1: 7, 3 cm to T6: 2,1cm, increase range of motion flexi T1: being T6:, extension T1: being T6:, the left lateral flexi T1: being T6:, lateral flexi dextra T1: being a T6: 4.1 cm, increase T1 trunk flexor muscle strength: 3 to T6: 4, extensor T1: 3 to T6: 4.
Conclusion: Transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may reduce local pain in the back and core stability exercises can improve muscle kekuaan so as to boost the range of motion trunk.
Keywords: Low Back Pain (LBP) myogenic, Transcutaneus electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and core stability.


The concepTual framing of extensive alcohol consumption in Sweden has been fluctuating between an individual, sometimes medical, problem formulation and a more social understanding of the phenomenon at least since the mid-1800s. When the Swedish authorities settled for joint programmes handling both sales regulation of alcohol and treatment of citizens with alcohol problems in the early twentieth century, these were however grounded on an articulated social and non-medical description of both the problem and preferred solutions. This was challenged in the late 1940s and early 1950s when debates on the so-called alcohol disease were wielded in Swedish newspapers. Was extensive alcohol consumption in fact a disease and what were its characteristics? Could the hangover be described as a disease and the alcoholic restorer as a kind of self-medication? Or was there a physiological or psychological predisposition that made some people drink a lot of alcohol, and could this be considered a disease? And if it wasn't a disease, what was it? The debate was conducted with varying intensity, the conflict between different perspectives was distinct and the most prominent dignitaries of the field all participated. Much was at stake: political prestige, professional status, resources for treatment and research. The background to this potential shift of perspective in the midtwentieth century, when character weakness was to be described as an unintended disease, was multifaceted. Both the rations book system and the repressive treatment of alcohol misusers had been criticised. Public inquiries were appointed to revise these programmes, which were based on heavy alcohol consumption as a social ill. The de-stigmatising disease concept matched the humanistic ideals of the postwar years while the medical solution also satisfied the professional claims of the many physicians who participated in the debate. A medical solution could perhaps also solve the problem. This was however more of a pious hope than a well-founded assumption. The intense discussions on the disease status of alcohol consumption illustrate how ideologies and professional interests can assume the role of authoritative expertise, this being equally true whether one Editorial


Being directed against two kinds of noise in optical fiber sensors,a simple and effective method of automatic compensation for optical fiber sensors is presented.Not only the unstability effect of light source,but also zero drift of photoelectronic devices,can be eliminated or enormously restrained with the aid of this method.In another way,by using single-chip microcomputer,the optical fiber sensor system fabricated is connected to a computer network to realize an automatic compensation.


This report documents that the closure activities conducted for Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 167: contaminated materials and trash pits, met the approved closure standards.


Extreme arid climate plays a critical role in affecting farmland hydrological process and crop yield in semiarid rainfed agricultural area.However,relevant field studies on this issue are not enough documented and the related solution to this issue is so far not well defined.Since 1990s,micro-field rain-harvesting farming technology has been developed andextended to a large area in semiarid Loess Plateau of northwest China,however,its functional role as a solution to cope with extreme climate change is not well recognized.In this study,we designed a two-year field experiment to address the issues of field water productivity and hydrological processes by applying ridge and furrow system under the condition of extreme weather.Oat cultivar,Bayou 3 was used as research material in this study.Field experiment was conducted at the Arid Meteorology and Ecological Experimental Station,Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration(Dingxi County,Gansu Province) in both years of 2010 and 2011,respectively.Five farming treatments including micro-field rain-harvesting mulching technology were designed as follows:control with full irrigation,flat planting,furrow and ridge without mulching planting,furrow and ridge with film mulching planting and bare field without irrigation,respectively.Some critical parameters were systematically measured and recorded including rainfall amount,soil moisture in 0—140cm soil profile,crop growth and yield formation during whole growth period.Least significant difference(LSD) was used to detect mean differences between treatments(P0.05).The results showed that year 2010 and 2011 belonged to two extreme climate types,i.e.phased extreme drought and whole extreme drought within the growth period.For both years,extreme drought climate led to"dried soil layer"phenomenon in the soil profile of 60—100cm in all treatment groups.However,the treatment of ridge and furrow with plastic mulching(RFM) was observed to have a significantly positive effect on mitigating the occurrence of"dried soil layer".The RFM treatment resulted in a significant overall upturn in water storage amount in soil bulk at the harvesting period,with the increases in soil water storage by 41.2 mm in 2010 and 22.4 mm in 2011 in comparison with that of control group,respectively.In addition,water use efficiency and water productivity of RFM treatment were increased by 1.7 kg·hm-2·mm-1and 0.4 kg·hm-2·mm-1in 2010 and 6.5 kg·hm-2·mm-1 and 9.8 kg·hm-2·mm-1in 2011 in comparison with those of control group respectively.The performance of RFM treatment was significantly superior to that of other treatments.It showed that RFM technology significantly enhanced the transformation efficiency from natural rainwater to soil water and crop water.On the other hand,above-ground biomass in RFM group was declined by 30.5% in 2010 and 67.42% in 2011 compared to that of control group,but the harvest index of RFM group was increased by 33.4% in 2010 and 55.6% in 2011 in comparison with that of control group,respectively.Furthermore,RFM treatment played a positive role in optimizing architecture traits of spike,increasing seed weight,kernels per spike and grain weight per spike.Our study indicated that the RFM system can optimize water resources distribution,mitigate temporal and spatial contradiction between water supply and water demand for oat crop production,and transform more photosynthates from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.In conclusion,the RFM system displayed great potential to relieve the occurrence of dry soil layer and improve water field productivity in rainfed oat field in 2010 and 2011.It can be argued that the RFM system could serve as an important ecological strategy in response to extreme climate events and improve food security in arid region.


The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time passed from parturition to milking, and from these data propose a scheme that can be used at smaller farms to increase the likelihood of harvesting colostrum with a high content of antibodies.


This paper mainly introduces the application of case-based teaching method in chemical engineering safety course, makes full use of case-based teaching, breaks the traditional teaching method of chemical engineering safety course, this paper analyzes the importance of chemical industry safety with video and image data of real cases, popularizes the professional prevention knowledge of chemical industry safety, and constantly improves the safety and environmental protection consciousness of students, and constantly strengthens the safety responsibility consciousness of students. Through the reform of the Case method, the students can really participate in the teaching, and through a case study, they can communicate with the instructors. The two-way teaching mode also puts forward higher requirements for the teachers, and it has helped the teachers to keep improving.


This article exposes the design and implementation of an automation system based on a robotic arm for hex-nut classification, using pattern recognition and image processing.  The robotic arm work based on three servo motors and an electromagnetic end effector. The pattern recognition implemented allows classifying three different types of hex-nut through deep learning algorithms based on convolutional neural network architectures. The proposed methodology exposes four phases: the first is the design, implementation, and control of a robotic arm. The second is the capture, classification, and image treatment; the third allows gripping the nut through the robot's inverse kinematic. The final phase is the re-localization of the hex-nut in the respective container. The automation system successfully classifies all the types of hex-nuts, where the convolutional network used is an efficient and recent pattern recognition method, with an accuracy of 100% in 150 iterations. This development allows for obtaining a novel algorithm for robotic applications in hex-nut sorting.


When I took over the editorship of the Journal of Anthropological Research from Harry Basehart in 1983, I had no idea that the job would last for twelve years. It has been a stimulating and, for the most part, enjoyable term; but since I am now retired from The University of New Mexico, the time has come to pass the responsibility on. I am delighted to announce that Dr. Lawrence Guy Straus has been selected by the Editorial Board to continue the high standards of the Journal. This last issue of the fiftieth volume was planned some time ago as a way of looking forward to a second half century of the Journal. Essays were invited on "The Future of Anthropology," and prizes were awarded to three young scholars whose essays are published in this issue together with an introduction by Associate Editors Paula Rubel and Abraham Rosman. Honorable mention is also awarded to Professors Roland A. Foulkes, Honggang Yang, and Herbert S. Lewis for their essays, respectively, on space anthropology, applied anthropology, and political anthropology. Looking backward for a moment, I want to acknowledge the inspiration and good counsel of former editors, all now deceased, James Spuhler, Stanley Newman, and Harry Basehart, who maintained the quality established by founder Leslie Spier. If I have managed to follow their footsteps, it is largely due to the devotion of skilled staff: Copy Editor Patricia L. Nietfeld, Subscriptions Manager Margaret Colclough, and Manuscript Processor Mary Kay Day have all performed their jobs at a very high level. Members of the Editorial Board, Associate Editors at other institutions, and many volunteer referees have provided prompt and wise advice. Responsibility for any lapses in judgment must rest with me, for on occasion I have surely "left unpublished what I ought to have published and printed what should have been left silent." Such is life. Thanks are also due to the staff at the U.N.M. Printing Plant, especially Jim Cheek, Dave Speer, Margaret Ortiz, and now, Paul Bain, who have cooperated at every stage of production. The support of the University of New Mexico and of our subscribers and contributors is gratefully acknowledged. Finally, since a journal can be no better than its strongest contributions, I again urge our readers to submit good, problem-oriented manuscripts in all fields of anthropology.


The limitations of conventional antioxidants and stabilisers in polymers are associated with their migration into contacting fluids. This leads to toxicity in packaging and medicinal applications and loss of effectiveness in many engineering uses of polymers. Reactive processing procedures are being increasingly used to chemically attach antioxidants to polymers and the most successful of these involve the synthesis of bound antioxidant concentrates which can be used as macromolecular adducts for normal polymers. Present evidence suggests that a polymer modified by substantial concentration of antioxidants loses its physical identity and can be used in a range of other polymers. Future developments in which the additives are 100% bound to the polymer substrate are discussed.


We discuss the reasons why the Gaussian nonlinear model provides accurate bit error rate predictions in dispersion unmanaged PDM-QPSK coherent links.


Judicial system establishment,is the fundamental way to solve the problem of "three aspects of agricultures" and to build a humonious society.The inperfect existing agricultral law system,faint leagal awareness of the farmer crowd,weak desire to litigate,and insufficient judicial resources at the grass roots have caused a bottleneck in establishing rural judicial system in China.People's courts,judicial administrative organs and people's procuratorates offer powerful judicial protection for new rural construction by fulfilling their duties.


Identifying species at risk of extinction is necessary to prioritise conservation efforts. The International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is the global standard for quantifying extinction risk, with many species categorised on the basis of a reduction in population size. We introduce the Bayesian state-space framework 'JARA' (Just Another Red-List Assessment). Designed as decision-support tool, JARA allows both process error and uncertainty to be incorporated into IUCN Red List assessments under criterion A. JARA outputs easy to interpret graphics showing the posterior probability of the population decline displayed against the IUCN Red List categories, and assigns each category an associated probability given process and observation uncertainty. JARA is designed to be easy to use, rapid and widely applicable, so conservation practitioners can apply it to their own count or relative abundance data. We illustrate JARA using three real-world examples: (1) relative abundance indices for two elasmobranchs, Yellowspotted Skate Leucoraja wallacei and Whitespot Smoothhound Mustelus palumbes; (2) a comparison of standardized abundance indices for Atlantic Blue Marlin Makaira nigricans and (3) absolute abundance data for Cape Gannets Morus capensis. Finally, using a simulation experiment, we demonstrate how JARA provides greater accuracy than two approaches commonly used to assigning a Red List Status under criterion A. Tools like JARA can help further standardise Red List evaluations, increasing objectivity and lowering the risk of misclassification. The consequences for global conservation efforts could be substantial.


This essay revises our understanding of Ogawa Usen, a prolific artist known for his contributions to the genre of Nihonga, 'Japanese-style painting,' in early twentieth century Japan. Nihonga was founded to appreciate and preserve 'Japanese arts.' Leading representatives of Nihonga aestheticized 'Japan' in nostalgic representations of the nation. By considering Usen's art from the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) when Usen's work first gained popularity, the essay argues that Usen intended his work to express anarchist ideas of progress antithetical to the nostalgic sense of yearning for a vanishing national culture. According to some of the most recognized anarchist figures from the movement, human progress would be guided by anarchist principles that valued the everyday doing of common people, each with his or her own creative energy and talent to contribute to society. Usen first gained public attention as a cartoon illustrator for the Nonwar Movement against the state. Although museums and art historians have overlooked Usen's cartoons, his cartoons are a clear expression of the ideas behind his body of work, and among the earliest examples of his distinctive style. They reveal that the artist cannot be understood within the bifurcated framework of West vs. East, modern vs. tradition, global time vs. nationalized space. With Usen, the arts began to be understood as everyday practices of everyone, rather than 'high culture.' This new genre of anarchist art of, for, and by everyone began to include other art movements, including Mingei, Children's Free Arts, and Farmer's Arts. This introduction of Usen to Western historiography thus calls for a new lens to interpret some of the most innovative artistic currents in modern Japanese cultural history.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is typically very mild and often asymptomatic in children. A complication is the rare multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19, presenting 4-6 weeks after infection as high fever, organ dysfunction, and strongly elevated markers of inflammation. The pathogenesis is unclear but has overlapping features with Kawasaki disease suggestive of vasculitis and a likely autoimmune etiology.We report a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) sepsis due to acute enteritis, observed at end of December 2020 to a tertiary-care center (San Carlo Hospital), in Basilicata region (Italy).This healthy 12-year- old male patient was tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Clinical presentations was characterized by fever, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal complaints and evanescent rash. Laboratory values were remarkable for high levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimers, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and troponin. He also had low albumin levels. Autoantibodies tests were negative. Chest tomography showed ground-glass opacities in less than 25% of the lungs, small bilateral pleural effusion and increased cardiac area; abdominal tomography showed enlargement of the lymphnodes and ascites. Evaluation for other infectious etiologies showed molecular test positivity on fecal samples for EPEC E. coli. He received broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics (macrolids and quinolones and then carbapenems). On the seventh day the enteritis resolved and procalcitonin normalized, however he continued to have lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, elevated levels of CRP, D-dimers, ferritin, troponin, and increased BNP. On the ninth day he was feverish again and developed severe cardiac and respiratory failure requiring advanced respiratory support and admission to the intensive care unit. He received IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin at 2 g/Kg, glucocorticoids (Methylprednisolone 1mg/kg) and enoxaparin.The patient was discharged asymptomatic at home after 28 days of hospital stay.We observed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in a previously healthy patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection and E.coli sepsis, who became critically ill with multisystem involvement. In this case viral and bacterial infections could be considered as a double hit for the etiopathogenesis of MIS-C. The trend of procalcitonin was better than C-reactive protein for differentiating bacterial from non-bacterial phase of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in this critically ill child. Although the accuracy of both tests is moderate. Diagnostic accuracy could be enhanced by combining these tests with bedside clinical judgment.[1]Consiglio CR, Cotugno N, Sardh et al. The Immunology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with COVID-19. Cell. 2020 Nov 12;183(4):968-981.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.016. Epub 2020 Sep 6. PMID: 32966765; PMCID: PMC7474869.[2]Nakra NA, Blumberg DA, Herrera-Guerra A, Lakshminrusimha S. Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Review of Clinical Presentation, Hypothetical Pathogenesis, and Proposed Management. Children (Basel). 2020 Jul 1;7(7):69. doi: 10.3390/children7070069. PMID: 32630212; PMCID: PMC7401880.[3]Simon L, Saint-Louis P, Amre DK, Lacroix J, Gauvin F. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of bacterial infection in critically ill children at onset of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2008 Jul;9(4):407-13. PMID: 18496408.None declared


Al-Mg alloys are general used for automobile and aerospace applications due to their light weight and high strength. The objective of the present investigation is an attempt to get optimum magnesium recovery during the production process. This method involves a modified stir casting method where plungers are used to feed magnesium turnings into the aluminum melt for alloy preparation. A fuzzy logic technique is used as part of the investigation for determination of Mg recovery in the alloys produced using temperature, revolution per minute (RPM) and percentage of magnesium addition as the input parameters to the fuzzy model. The results of the fuzzy model were compared with the experimental results and were found to be in good agreement. During magnesium addition process at the specific furnace maintenance temperature (FMT) and RPM, the percentage of magnesium recovery in the alloy is higher and some losses were seen due to evaporation.


The resolution of DL-p-bromophenylalanine into the D- and L-antipodes via the ester salts with dibenzyol D- and L-tartaric acids is described.


A case of spontaneous recurrent acute tumor lysis syndrome is presented in a woman with inflammatory breast cancer. The occurrence of tumor lysis syndrome in solid tumors is unusual, and spontaneous cases are rare. This and other unusual aspects of this case are discussed.


The dependence of the active and reactive impedance components of a three-element electrical circuit of substitution of a biological object on the change of the parameters of the electrode impedance is investigated. The results of mathematical modeling of the impedance components of a multielement two-pole representing the tissues of the human body are considered. Analyzing the known methods and their implementation by electrical models showed different research results. This is due to the fact that the research uses different electrical models, different types of sensors, different frequent ranges, circuits for connecting the sensor to the measuring instrument, etc. The measurement result can be used to identify the tissue of biological objects (taking into account the area of current electrodes, its shape and contact resistance, since these factors determine the electrode impedance).


Platinum electrodes subjected to anodic activation reveal three kinds of adsorbed hydrogen (I, II, and III). These adsorbed hydrogens are interchangeable with each other. The adsorbed hydrogen I (ionization peak at ca. 40 mV, rhe) is the most reactive and responsible for the hydrogen evolution reaction. When C2–C4 olefins are reduced by H2, the adsorption layer on Pt drastically changes depending on the composition of olefin and H2 in the gas phase. At relatively low pressure of H2 (region H), II (ca. 140 mV) takes part in the hydrogenation, whereas III (ca. 290 mV) gradually changes to II. Isotopic study proves that the hydrogenation in region H proceeds by the two Horiuti-Polanyi type reaction paths, which is common among the olefins studied. The electroreduction gave the same results, where the discharge of H+ is always taken to be in equilibrium.


We study the impact of ethnic and religious fractionalization on the U.S. municipal debt market, and find that issuers from more ethnically and religiously fractionalized counties pay higher yields on their municipal debt. A two standard deviation increase in religious fractionalization is associated with a six basis point increase in bond yields, and a two standard deviation increase in ethnic fractionalization is associated with a ten basis point increase. To provide a scale for these results, a four-notch rating change, from AAA to AA-, is associated with an eight basis point increase in yields. Additional analysis suggests that at least some of this effect is not driven by the risk of the bonds, but instead reflects inefficiency in the underwriting process.


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In this research, we present a facile, effective and green route for the synthesis of well-defined spherical lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) through the reaction between lead nitrate and sodium sulphide by virtue of its strong reduction and selective interaction abilities without using any surfactant, and evaluate its potential for use in biomedical imaging and biosensing applications. The average crystallite size using Scherrer's formula was about 13 nm and the calculated lattice constant using Bragg's equation was 0.5950 nm, which was very close to the value in the standard card JCPDS file No. 5–592, and the crystal structure of PbS QDs was in its cubic phase. The synthesized particles had well-defined spherical morphology, and the photoluminescence (PL) study showed that the emission spectrum was a strong and narrow band with high intensity which confirmed the high-quality luminescence properties of the prepared PbS QDs. A possible formation mechanism of the PbS QDs and its Potential in Biomedical Imaging Research and Biosensing has also been put forward and discussed.


A. Introduction Significant developments have occurred in the field of hematology during the past generation, and research in the area continues to advance. Scientists are firmly of the opinion that proper use of ABO blood type testing enables one to establish in most cases the negative determination of a paternity, namely that X is not the father of Y. 1 At the same time, the medical community acknowledges that a satisfactory method for positive, definite determination that X is the father of Y, on the basis of ABO blood types, has yet to be developed. Despite all this, judges in Anglo-Saxon countries are quite reluctant fully to accept paternity blood testing with all its ramifications. It is their opinion that the law should proceed cautiously when dealing with the adoption of new tests and examinations in an area which is under going rapid change and development. In this article I shall analyze and compare the attitudes of Jewish law and of Israeli law towards the use of blood testing in determining questions of paternity. To achieve this aim, three questions must be investigated:


The problem of active shielding of some domains from the eect of the sources distributed in other domains is considered. The problem can be formulated either in a bounded domain or in an un- bounded domain. The active shielding is realized via the implementation of additional sources in such a way that the total contribution of all sources leads to the desirable eect. Mathematically the prob- lem is reduced to seeking the source terms satisfying some a priori described requirements to the solution and belongs to the class of inverse source problems. From the application standpoint, this problem can be closely related to the active shielding of noise, active vibration control and active scattering. It is impor- tant to note that along with undesirable eld (noise) to be shielded the presence of a desirable component is accepted in the analysis. The solution of the prob- lem requires only the knowledge of the total eld on the perimeter of the shielded domain. The exam- ples of acoustic and Maxwell equations are consid- ered. This is the rst publication where the solution of the problem is proved in a quite general nonsta- tionary formulation.


Liquid−liquid equilibria of the quaternary system of methyl oleate, glycerol, hexane, and methanol were experimentally quantified at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. UNIFAC and Modified U...


Some laws in physics describe the change of a flux and are represented by parabolic equations of the form (*) j≤m, where η and vj are functions of both space and time. We show under quite general assumptions that the solutions of equation (*) with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions and initial condition u(x, 0) = uo(x) satisfy

The decay rate d > 0 only depends on bounds for η, v and G § Rm the spatial domain, while the constant c depends additionally on which norm is considered. For the solutions of equation (*) with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions and initial condition u0(x) ≥ 0 we derive bounds

d1u1 ≤ u(x, t) ≤ d2u2,

Where di, i = 1, 2, depend on bounds for η, v and G, and the ui are bounds on the initial condition u0.