. For the labor had social value, the combination of labor and education was an important goal and task of colleges. Focusing on chemical automation control with the industrial characteristics and modernization requirements, this paper analyzed the internal relationship between the labor education and ideo-logical education, proposed to establish the theoretical model of labor ideological system and spiritual education. And the feasible implementation methods and steps were put forward. Combined with the harsh environment of chemical automation specialty, the labor training had been carried out with the necessary principles and specific strategies in practice had been summarized. Basing on the data of survey case practices in three grades, the implemented relevant methods mainly included spreading the spirit of chemical automation experts focusing on technology to highlight the concept of labor responsibility and spiritual pursuit, implementing labor and ideological education with the curriculum system as the carrier, excavated various relevant resources in teaching, and integrated teaching practice resources, relied on traditional culture, expanded all kinds of labor practice activities, so that trainers could form correct values and beliefs, improve their comprehensive quality and cultivate talents with social needs.


Timely reporting to public health authorities of certain infections which are transmissible between individuals and/or are likely to have been acquired from a contaminated source is essential to prompt immediate action to reduce further spread. In England, Health Protection Teams (HPTs) effect health protection actions at local level. They act as the 'proper officer' carrying out the function of receiving notifications in relation to the statutory regulations for both attending registered medical practitioners and diagnostic laboratories (see Section 14.6 and Section 14.7). Notification to public health authorities is a legal requirement. It is critical to the control and prevention of outbreaks of communicable diseases and is an integral part of wider local and national infection surveillance. Clinical recognition is the first step and public health authorities should be notified on clinical suspicion before obtaining laboratory test results to look for causative pathogens. As soon as a notification has been made, public health risk assessment and appropriate measures can be initiated. These may include preventing others being exposed to cases or a possible source of contamination, offering chemoprophylaxis, vaccination, education, and closing down of premises. The intervention will depend on the clinical syndrome, the confirmed or presumed infectious agent involved, and any further supporting or refuting diagnostic laboratory results. Time is of the essence; there should be no delay in notifications. Health protection legislation is set out in the Health Protection (Notification) Regulations 2010. It requires both registered medical practitioners (RMPs) and laboratories to notify cases of infection or contamination that could present a significant risk to human health, on the basis of clinical suspicion or laboratory confirmation. The medical doctor (and no other healthcare professional) attending the patient with possible or probable or confirmed infection is responsible for notification to the public health authorities.


This paper describes the design, fabrication, and characterization of a large scan angle FSS comprised of a periodic array of dielectric-filled tapered holes as shown in Figure 1(a). The performances of three FSSs with different taper profiles and equal hexagonal lattices are compared. FSSs with cylindrical, linearly tapered, and cosine tapered holes (Figure 1(b)) show dramatically different TE and TM wide scan angle transmission responses between 18 and 27 GHz. Measurements are compared to simulation for a cosine tapered K-band thick-metal FSS that shows the widest bandwidth and largest scan angle for TE and TM transmission responses. Significant reduction in the pass-band ripple is also observed for this design.


We start with the usual paradigm in electronic commerce: a customer, Bob, wants to buy from a merchant, Alice. However, Bob wishes to enjoy maximal privacy while Alice needs to protect her sensitive data. Bob should be able to remain anonymous throughout the entire process, from turning on his computer to final delivery and even after-sale maintenance services. Ideally, he should even be able to hide from Alice what he is interested in buying. Conversely, Alice should not have to reveal anything unnecessary about her catalogue -- especially prices -- for fear that she might in fact be dealing with a hostile competitor masquerading as a customer. For this purpose, we introduce the Blind Electronic Commerce paradigm to offer an integrated solution to the dual conundrum of ensuring Bob's privacy as well as protecting Alice's sensitive information.


In 2002, Hugh Laddie lamented the "blind adherence to dogma" that had led to an apparent impasse in philosophical and practical discussions of intellectual property (IP): "On the one side, the developed world side, there exists a lobby of those who believe that all IPRs [intellectual property rights] are good for business, benefit the public at large, and act as catalysts for technical progress. They believe and argue that, if IPRs are good, more IPRs must be better."1 But "on the other side", he continued: "there exists a vociferous lobby of those who believe that IPRs are likely to cripple the development of local industry and technology, will harm the local population, and benefit none but the developed world. They believe and argue that, if IPRs are bad, the fewer the better." Laddie recommended reforms designed to ensure that IPR development and enforcement would better serve the interests of developing countries. He hoped these reforms would provide an effective response to those who regard IPRs as "food for the rich countries and poison for the poor".2


Abstract This study hypothesized that subjects in a hypnosis and age regression condition would show "younger" performances on three cognitive tests than subjects given simulation instructions. Previous equivocal evidence of hypnotic age regression may be due to the poor control of methodological and conceptual variables which this study attempted to rectify. Subjects were screened on the Barber Susceptibility Scale and assigned to two conditions. Eight high-susceptible subjects underwent hypnosis and age regression and eight low-susceptible subjects simulated hypnosis and age regression. The Stanford Binet, the Bender-Gestalt, and the Draw-A-Person tests were administered prior to and after the experimental suggestions. Results were in the opposite direction than hypothesized. Repeated measures of analysis of variance indicated that simulating subjects achieved "younger performances" than hypnosis and age regression subjects. However, subjects in the hypnosis and age regression condition reported profoun...


Hydrocolloids make it possible to produce low-calorie analogues of traditional foods that maintain the original structural properties. Electrophysical methods control viscosity and stabilize food systems. However, the stabilizing effect of ultrasonic treatment on gel remains understudied. The research featured the effect of ultrasonic treatment on hydrocolloids (polysaccharides) used in meat or fish jelly, marmalades, marshmallows, puddings, ice cream, etc.
The study involved samples of colloidal systems based on iota-carrageenan or guar gum and purified water (1:100). The samples underwent ultrasonic treatment at various time and pH ranges. The viscosity, active acidity, temperature, and transparency (transmission coefficient, T, %) of the obtained colloidal systems were determined using standard methods, while the sensory profile was defined by the descriptor-profile method.
Hydrocolloids were subjected to ultrasound at pH 3.9, 7.0, and 9.0. The colloidal viscosity of the iota-carrageenan sample was 47.6 mPa·s at neutral pH, 45.7 mPa·s at acidic pH, and 22.3 mPa·s at alkaline pH. The viscosity of the hydrocolloid system with guar gum depended on the pH of the medium: it decreased during processing from 119.0 to 64.8 mPa·s in the neutral medium but remained the same (3.5 ± 0.2 mPa·s) in the acid medium and reached 6.52 mPa·s in the alkaline medium. The maximum temperature of the colloidal system was 46.5°C in a neutral medium.
The system with iota-carrageenan showed the best result at medium acidity in the range of 3.9–6.0 units and produced a fluid gel-like structure. Sonicated iota-carrageenan could be recommended as a gelling agent. Guar gum viscosity, on the contrary, lost its viscosity and failed to produce the desired structure.


The Monte-Carlo method was used to study the effect of multiple light scattering on the medium's polarization characteristics. The influence of the scattering system parameters and experimental conditions on the results of LSM measurements were estimated. Calculation was performed for a monodisperse system of spherical particle. The scattering medium was enclosed in a spherical and a cylinder cells. The influence of cell wall thickness and light reflection at the medium-glass and glass-air interfaces was regarded. Various parameters of incident beam, cell diameter and scattering particles dimensions were employed for calculations.


Almost perfectly preserved specimens of anurans from the Mesozoic are rare and merit thorough study. The frog described in the present paper was collected in the middle 1940's by L. Ferrer-Condal at the famous locality of Monsech, near the village of Rubies, Province of Lerida, Spain. This locality is renowned for its beautifully preserved fishes, invertebrates (insects and crustaceans), and reptiles (including two genera of lizards; Hoffstetter, 1966). It has also yielded another frog, Monsechobatrachus, but the specimen is poorly preserved (Hecht, 1963). The anuran specimen described here includes both a part and a counterpart. The more complete portion, the part, is in the Museum of Science in Madrid, and the counterpart is in the private collection of FerrerCondal. The part was figured in Piveteau (1955); the same photograph appeared in Mele'ndez (1957) under the name of Eodiscoglossus santonjae Villalta. Although a brief summary of its features was listed by Hecht (1963), until now no detailed study of Eodiscoglossus has been published. In order to evaluate its phylogenetic significance, a complete description of this specimen is necessary. The fossil material from Monsech fluoresces extremely well in ultraviolet radiation (3660 A). Fluorescence photographs made by the meth-


We consider Melvin-like cosmological and static solutions for the theories of ${\cal N}=2$, $D=4$ supergravity coupled to vector multiplets. We analyze the equations of motion and give some explicit solutions with one scalar and two gauge fields. Generalized Melvin solutions with four charges are also constructed for an embedding of a truncated ${\cal N}=8$ supergravity theory. Our results are then extended to supergravity theories with the scalar manifolds $SL(N, R)/SO(N, R)$. It is shown that solutions with $N$ charges only exist for $N=8$, $6$ and $5$ corresponding to theories with space-time dimensions $D=4$, $5$ and $7$.


To solve the problems that BAN logic analysis tends to neglect the potential defect of "send again attack" for cryptographic protocols,is made some improvement to the new message judgement of logic postulate of BAN logic analysis, aiming at reducing the misleading probability of BAN logic analy-


The development of new concepts aiming to increase flight efficiency represents one of the main guidelines for the future European Air Traffic Management (EATM) system development. Future EATM system design is driven by the development and implementation of various technical and operational solutions which are based on collaborative and coordinated airspace and air traffic flow management. European airspace fragmentation is recognized as one of the most prominent problems which limit improvements in terms of flight efficiency. This primarily relates to the fact that EATM system is organized and operated at national scale. This research was carried out with the purpose to signify two concepts which have significantly improved flight efficiency level. Free Route Airspace and Flexible Use of Airspace concepts particularly distinguished as good examples of how it is possible to improve flight efficiency regardless to fragmented European airspace design. Hence, the research resulted by analysis of concepts designs, characteristics and their deployment benefits to airspace users. Also, an issue which limits further flight efficiency improvements at European scale have been identified.


The study compared the effects of inquiry-based and field-trip instructional strategies on primary school pupils' performance in basic science in Ekiti State, Nigeria. It examined the effect of the instructional strategies on the pupils' attitude to basic science in the study area and investigated the effect of the strategies on pupils' retention of basic science concepts. These were with a view to determining a better way of improving the performance, attitude and retention ability of pupils in basic science.The study employed pre-test post-test control group quasi experimental research design. The population consisted of all private primary school pupils in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State. The sample was made up of three intact primary III pupils. One Local Government Area (LGA) was selected from the State using simple random sampling technique;  sixty (60) private primary three pupils from three (3) intact classes of 20 pupils from three primary schools which were purposively selected from the LGA using purposive sampling technique based on availability of laboratory and library facilities.  Two experimental groups and one control group were adopted for the study. The experimental groups were taught using the inquiry-based and field-trip instructional strategies while the control group was taught using conventional method. Two instruments were used to elicit information from the respondents. Science Achievement Test (SAT) and Basic Science and Questionnaire on Pupils Attitude towards Basic Science (QPABS). The SAT was a 20-item test which tested the knowledge acquired by the pupils in basic science while the QPABS was a 10-item questionnaire which centered on pupils attitude towards basic science (QPABS). Four research hypotheses were formulated and tested. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post-hoc analysis.The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect of the field-trip and inquiry-based instructional strategies on pupils exposed performance in basic science (t= 3.634, p< 0.05). The results also showed that there was a significant difference in the attitude of pupils' towards basic science (t= 8.447, p<0.05). It also revealed that there was a significant difference in the retention ability of the pupils exposed to field-trip and inquiry-based instructional strategies (t= 24.145, p<0.05). The results further showed that there was a significant difference in the performance of pupils exposed to inquiry-based-based, field-trip and conventional methods of teaching (F= 13.149, df = (2, 57), p<0.05).The study concluded that field-trip instructional strategy positively improved the academic performance and retention ability of pupils in basic science. Also, inquiry-based and field-trip instructional strategies improved pupils' attitude towards basic science. Keywords: Inquiry-based instructional strategy, Field-trip instructional strategy, learning outcomes, conventional methods of teaching.


This paper establishes internal thermodynamic model, taking the WJ-4FB explosion-proof scraper waste gas treatment tank as the research object. And establish the gas-liquid two-phase flow simplified model based on CFD. Through the numerical simulation of the gas-liquid two-phase flow transient flow pattern, draw two-phase flow figures and gas content distribution curve .Further analysis of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, this paper obtains initial gas velocity, static level, internal mounting member and other influencing factors. It provides a theoretical basis for the design of the waste gas treatment tank.


Experiments were conducted independently three times with consistent results. Results of one experiment are shown, where values represent the means of two technical replicates ± SEM. (* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01 relative to untreated controls). (PPTX)


Previous studies of secretarial work in organizations have reported a discrepancy between formally acknowledged roles and actual labor performed. In addition, many clerical jobs have been neither successfully routinized nor rationalized. As in other areas of women's work, articulation and categorization of tasks has been stunted by lack of language to adequately describe them. This analysis examines the character of secretarial work based on data from secretaries working in organizations of different size and at various levels of bureaucratic control. A typology of secretarial labor is presented that reflects a corresponding continuum of clear definition and formal recognition by organizations. Some of this ambiguity is accounted for by the fact that gender expectations are interwoven into the work role. Much of secretarial labor, including intellectual and emotional aspects of the work, are "invisible" to organizations, yet are essential to fulfilling organizational and professional goals.


EnglishArticle 11 of the Law of 18 November 2016, stated to be a "modernization of Justice in the 21st century", modified article 2061 of the Civil Code relating to arbitration clauses. The terms of the modified article will require interpretation. Whilst the scope of an arbitration clause'seffect may have been extended, the legal regime applicable thereto may have become less precise. This article aims to remove ambiguity from the revised article 2061. The Law also introduced a few semantic alterations which affect other aspects of arbitral vocabulary, but these do not pose any problem. francaisL'article 11 de la loi du 18 novembre 2016 dite "de modernisation de la justice du XXIe siecle" a reforme l'article 2061 du Code civil relatif a la clause compromissoire. Les termes du nouveau texte necessitent leur interpretation. En effet, ce que la clause compromissoire a gagne en extension de son champ d'application, elle pourrait l'avoir perdu en precision de son regime juridique. Le present article s'attache a lever les ambiguites du nouvel article 2061. La loi a egalement procede a quelques retouches semantiques qui interessent d'autres occurrences du vocabulaire de l'arbitrage, mais qui ne posent pas de difficultes.


Online encyclopedia become more and more popular recently.On the basis of the analysis on the situation of online encyclopedia and the contradistinction with traditional encyclopedia,this paper analyzes the superiorities and weak points of online encyclopedia.Furthermore,offering constructive suggestions on the development of online encyclopedia.


Brain parenchyma is protected against excess metals by the barrier system in the brain. To evaluate the expression of metallothionein (MT), a protective protein against heavy metals, in the brain parenchyma, zinc sulfate (0.2 or 2μmol) or cadmium chloride (2 or 20nmol) was injected into the left striatum of rats. Seventy-two h later, the MT level in the ipsilateral striatum injected with 0.2μmol of zinc sulfate was not significantly higher than that after injection with vehicle. When the striatum was injected with 2μmol of zinc sulfate, on the other hand, the MT level in the ipsilateral striatum, showing apparent degeneration, was significantly higher than that after injection with vehicle : the former was approximately 1.5 times the latter. In the case of injection with cadmium chloride at doses of 2 and 20nmol, the MT levels in the ipsilateral striatum was approximately twice that after injection with vehicle. The MT level in the contralateral striatum and other brain regions were not affected by injection with either metal salt at any dose. When zinc sulfate of 100μmol/kg body weight, corresponding to the lower dose tested(0.1μmol/g brain), was subcutaneously injected, the hepatic MT level was approximately four times higher than the normal hepatic level. These results suggest that the changes of MT level in the brain were small compared to those observed in the liver.


1 Abstract The box girder is widely used in mechanical equipments. Since the design of box girder mainly relies on traditional experience , the structure is very heavy. This paper applies the topology optimization to the design of box girder to reduce weight. First, an optimization model for the three-dimensional box girder, in which the compliance is minimized and volume is constrained, is established based on SIMP method, and different filter functions are used to avoid numerical instabilities that will occur in the optimization process. By loading the box girder in three different positions respectively and using the Optimality Criteria to solve each of load conditions , three kinds of structures are obtained. Finally, an optimal topology configuration is obtained by combining the three structures, and its validity is tested by FEM. In this paper , by using three-dimensional model, the internal structure of box girder can be obtained ,which is useful for the layout of the ribs. The results provide a reference for the conceptual design of box girder ,and lay some foundation for the multi-load cases problem. 2


93 patients with remittent disseminated sclerosis were examined and various pathological states of thyroid gland were revealed among 70% of them. Some stimulation influence of autoimmune reaction to thyroid gland antigens upon the activity of demyelinization process was detected. Thyreoperoxidaze antibodies were likely to play the leading role in this influence. The development of visual, motor, sensitive, cognitive disorders also the higher point of invalidism scale (EDSS) in patients with disseminated sclerosis were marked in thyroid gland hypofunction.


In order to achieve excellence, it is important for the educational institutions to assess the outcomes of their graduate programmes. In general, the graduate programme outcomes are assessed through direct (examinations, projects, assignments etc) and indirect (co-curricular, extra-curricular, surveys etc) methods. The results through direct assessment are followed up with several actions such as remedial classes, tutorials etc. Accomplishments in Co-curricular, extra-curricular activities and Feedback surveys from the students, recruiters and alumni are considered for the indirect assessment of Programme outcomes. To improve these indirect assessment methods, some institutions are getting feedback for few activities manually. With the increasing use of ICT in education and mobile learning, we decided to launch a new mobile and web based indirect assessment tool (IAT) for assisting the programme assessment committee in our department. This tool automates the process of recording student's surveys, efficiently analyzes the feedback data from number of perspectives and produces ready-to-use reports which help other wings of the department such as Industry interaction, Research, Student's activities and Faculty development to decide future targets and follow-up actions. This tool contains well structured questionnaires for obtaining feedback of students on the course they learn during mid of a semester and end of a semester. The tool also collects feedback from graduates, alumni and employers to ensure an all-rounded assessment. The proposed Indirect Assessment Tool (IAT) has been implemented using web technologies such as HTML, PHP, JSON and JS. The tool has been tested successfully and is involved in indirect assessments of our degree programme since 2015.


This paper proposed a new definition of community structure from the perspective of the nodes' relative importance. Based on the theory of degree centrality and standardized degree centrality,it mainly researched the evaluation and improvement method on division of community structure in network. The new method could be combined with other community division algorithms to form new community division algorithms. The new method could also be used independently to evaluate and improve the community division results in network. At last,it illustrated the new evaluation and improvement method through MCL algorithm,GN algorithm,Factions algorithm and examples.


Learning chemistry involves understanding chemical phenomena at macroscopic, symbolic and submicroscopic levels. Even though chemistry instructors integrate these levels in their lessons, it cannot be assumed that students relate them properly. Therefore, it is important to identify students' mental models that will reveal how they visualize and conceptualize chemistry. Mental models can be represented in various forms including static drawing and animations. Considering the dynamic nature of chemistry, animations prepared by students can be more informative conveying students' understandings. This study aimed to investigate how high school students visualize condensation and to compare their dynamic and static mental. The analysis of the results suggested that static and dynamic mental models were found to be significantly different (p<0.05). Static mental models were found to be more focusing on structure whereas dynamic ones included more macroscopic features and interactions. Finally, students revised their mental models towards more accurate models after preparing animations.


It is necessary to question "Linking Theory with Practice".Does there exist that theory is being linked? Do we realize that theory has gone beyond practice? Talking about linking practice actually erases the premise of theory.It is very difficult to regard the view of "Linking Theory with Practice" as the origin of every scientific thought.Furthermore,the value of theory is much higher than practice.We are more lack of theory.The real theoretic interests is aimed at philosophy.Our traditional cultural view respects sensibility and is lack of rationality.We need to emancipate our thinking.The all-round prosperity of our nation depends on the prosperity of philosophy.This is the duty of university.


Background: Breakfast can meet energy requirement of school children to conduct their daily activity all day. But, in reality, there are many school children who do not behave in a healthy breakfast that can meet the needs of 30% of energy. One of reason is a lack of knowledge and practice of the mother in preparing a healthy breakfast for their children. Objective: To assess the influence of media outreach breakfast (booklets, flipchart, and short films) on the mothers' knowledge of healthy breakfast schoolchildren. Method: Design of quasi-experimental one group pre-post test used in the study towards 186 mothers from ten the selected elementary school at Depok City. Mother's knowledge was measured through a questionnaire pre-post test. Results: There was increased in knowledge of mothers at the end of the study with correct answers given by the mother on the question of the type of food that should be avoided at breakfast. Increased knowledge of the mother before and after the study was differed significantly according to age groups (p <0.05). Older age of mother has better knowledge than younger. Conclusion: Knowledge of mothers on healthy breakfast can be improved through counseling using flipcharts, booklets, and short film.


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The use of concrete in the construction is very advanced. With the high demand for concrete, it encourages concrete innovation that is able to support the availability of good quality concrete, one of which is concrete composite material innovation. Material innovation aims to compress the price of concrete and increase the economic value of the composite material itself.
The research was carried out by comparing two variations of sand composite aggregate, Ex Cirebon-Pemali compared to Ex Cirebon-Gung. The two components in order to a few of sand aggregate variants with the proportion of each sand aggregate variant of 30% -70%, 40% -60%, 50% -50%, 60% -40 % and 70% -30%.
The research intended to find the proportion of variants that are able to produce the best compressive strength. From this variant, the compressive strength of 25.46 MPa was produced at 7 day age concrete and 38.52 MPa at 28 day age concrete by the sand of the Cirebon-Pemali variant of 70% -Pemali 30%. And the maximum compressive strength yield of the Ex-Cirebon-Gung Variant is in the 4th variation 60% - 40%, which is 21.17 MPa at 7 day age concrete and 32.05 MPa at 28 day age concrete. The application of the Ex-Cirebon-Pemali variant compared to the Ex-Cirebon-Gung for high-quality concrete cannot reach the quality of concrete designed for concrete fcr 'in the concrete work mixture.


Background: Antenatal care is an important component of reproductive and child health but has not been utilized to the full extent in India. The study is aimed to assess the utilization of antenatal health care services by mothers and its impact on birth weight of their newborn. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A total of 198 women of study area who have delivered between 1st July 2013 to 30thJune 2014 (12 months period) were interviewed by pre-designed and semi-structured questionnaire by door to door approach. Results: Present study showed that 100% of mothers registered their pregnancy in any health facility and 56.6% were registered in 2nd trimester. Only 32.8% mothers had received four or more antenatal visits. Only 26.26% mothers had utilized full antenatal care (minimum four antenatal visits, minimum one TT and minimum 100 IFA tablet taken) during pregnancy. The prevalence of low birth weight was 12.6%. Proportion of LBW babies was more (15.9%) in mothers who had not availed of full antenatal care. This difference was statistically significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: The important factors related to low utilization of Antenatal services were lower socioeconomic status, lower literacy of mothers, working mothers, parity and nuclear family. The findings of this study may be utilized by the health managers and health care providers to address the problem of low ANC coverage.


The paper focuses on creation of a software component designed for the automated calculation of the stress-strain state of radar structure. The relevance of the work is shown, the statement of the problem, methods for its solution and the main development results are given


This paper focuses on stability control of tank guns on the wove with uncertainties including modeling errors, road incentives and driving speed effects. A nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) based on extended state observer (ESO) controller is synthesized which can handle with the heavy uncertainties. Constructing an ESO to observe the lumped uncertainties including parameters nominal value error, external disturbance, etc., and the NTSM control law can ensure the stability in finite time. A multi-body dynamic model is established in RecurDyn as the control object, which can imitate the uncertainties above. The co-simulation results verify that the proposed controller can suppress the effects on the move and maintain much better performance than traditional FLC and PID controllers.


Since the reformation of 1998, ethnic Chinese in Indonesia began to dare to declared their "jatidirinya" after more three decades of experiencing various discriminatory treatment, through Presidential Decree no. 6/2000, ethnic Chinese in Indonesia have freedom in practicing Chinese culture and participate in national politics. The ethnic Chinese participation in national politics is seen in their participation in various social and political organizations at local and national level. Yet twenty years after the reformation, changes in national politics and economics have had an impact on ethnic Chinese political participation. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to describe the ethnic Chinese participation in national politics and its changes especially post-reformation. The purpose of the study is to explain the changing role of ethnic Chinese in national politics. This research used document study method with qualitative approach. The findings of this research are, increasing ethnic Chinese role on various social-politics organization and more freedom for ethnic Chinese to canalize their political rights.
Keyword: Ethnic Chinese; National Politics; Participation.


A novel encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with an inorganic–organic hybrid coating (MAPP) was prepared by a sol–gel method using tetraethoxysilane and octyltriethoxysilane as precursors. The properties of MAPP were investigated by water solubility, hydrophobicity, and morphological determination. The structure of MAPP was characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The flame retardancy of epoxy resin composite with MAPP was evaluated by limiting oxygen index, UL‐94 test, and cone calorimetry test. The results showed that both tetraethoxysilane and octyltriethoxysilane hydrolyze and condense to form a dense polysiloxane layer structure on the surface of APP. The water solubility of MAPP was reduced from 0.64 to 0.13 g/100 mL of water, and the water resistance of epoxy resin composites filled with MAPP was also greatly improved. The limiting oxygen index, UL‐94 test, and cone calorimeter results showed that the epoxy resin composites filled with MAPP had better flame retardancy, probably because of a synergistic effect between polysiloxane and APP. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Kidd blood group, though minor, carries a special importance in transfusion medicine. Kidd antibodies are heterogeneous, as they have a weak sociological nature and goes to undetectable levels, so may miss routine serological tests. However, they can mount a secondary amnestic reaction leading to delayed hemolytic reaction, especially in frequently transfused individuals. We report a case of thalassemia child with delayed hemolytic reaction secondary to Kidd antibodies. Conclusion: screening for Alloantibodies is of prime importance, especially in frequently transfused individuals like thalassemic children.


Morphological, vocal and molecular data have been used to reevaluate the taxonomy of some Asian Nisaetus taxa. This name is used instead of Spizaetus because the latter genus is polyphyletic with c ...


Employment of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess the contributions of management student team members is described. The students perform this assessment as well as the subject constrictor. The assessments are correlated with the individual team role-assignments to making a final determine of the contributions of the individual to the team effort. Using this evaluation technique appears to provide candidate student peer input for evaluations. The results demonstrated that the student ranking is more likely influenced by the relative importance of teaming, computering skills and management and by sub-criteria, communication, innovation, determination and cooperation. The study sheds importance insight into an area of multi-criteria decision making and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).


Perhaps no area of neurology has experienced the transforming changes of improved therapeutics more than neuroAIDS. From the inception of the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s through 1996, patients regularly presented with dreadful opportunistic complications due to severe immunodeficiency, as well as disabling cognitive impairment closely associated with advanced HIV disease involving the brain.1 Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was transforming, resulting in precipitous reduction in lethal opportunistic complications. At the same time, the AIDS dementia complex became a rare entity.2

The euphoria induced by this advance in therapeutics has been muted by emerging observations. For several years, multiple groups performing careful examination of patients receiving cART have noted that nearly half of the population remains mildly cognitively impaired when carefully evaluated and compared with normative populations.3–5 The etiology of this impairment is incompletely understood. That HIV continues to drive cognitive impairment remains plausible, perhaps enabled by the challenges of treatment of this virus beyond the blood–brain barrier …


Microbiology experiment is an important compulsory course in contemporary life science.In this paper,based on the students' characteristics in the university for Ethnics and the features of bio-engineering major in our college,we discussed that microbiology experiment teaching system was divided into three types:Basic,Designing and Comprehensive.The principle of experiment teaching was that,with students' open experiments and teachers' supplementary assistance,students should fully function as the main body of experiment teaching.By normalizing experiments,cultivating self-learning skills,arousing students' sense of originality,and students' appliance capacity could be achieved.


Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) exhibit a collection of excellent performances to be the next‐generation artificial muscles, yet they suffer from short lifespan and premature breakdown. Self‐clearing of defects from thin, compliant electrodes can potentially solve these problems, yet this process is currently neither observable nor controllable. Herein, a dimensionless indicator named capacitor retention is proposed to indicate the remaining capacity to generate force/displacement of a DEA during self‐clearing. This indicator can be conveniently monitored during the short‐term and long‐term degradation of the actuators with different configurations and different driving modes. Based on this indicator, DEAs' dielectric strength is redefined. With the assistance of scalable manufacturing of multilayered DEAs, several key factors that affect the conditions under which the self‐clearing phenomena occur, as well as how they affect the dielectric strength of the actuators, are investigated. Finally, through self‐clearing preprocess, using appropriate combinations of factors derived from the earlier investigations, high‐performance DEAs with unidirectional strain of 9.4%, power density of 301 W kg−1, >1 million life cycles at a resonant frequency of 125 Hz, and the ability to recover from multiple times of external damages are achieved. This work can potentially produce long‐life and highly robust artificial muscles for DEAs' future applications.


The arm' s length principle, as embedded in article 9 of the OECD Model Convention, is not an anti-avoidance rule and has been misidentified as the primary tool to tackle certain abusive behaviours of multinational enterprises. This article refers to the new OECD guidelines on intangibles as background and provides an overview of the new approaches to transfer pricing analysis in the context of intellectual property; analyses the impact thereof on existing business models; and defines the limitations imposed by the arm' s length principle, as a general principle of international tax law, on making transactional adjustments and disregarding intellectual property arrangements by the tax authorities.


Many researchers have investigated behavior by using mice bred for specific phenotypes or knock-out mice lacking a specific allele. Using 2 strains of mice bred for amphetamine aversion and vulnerability, these researchers demonstrated that manipulating the environment can change specific …


................................................................ xii LIST OF FIGURE.......................................................... xiii LIST OF TABLE........................................................... xv LIST OF APPENDICES................................................... xvi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ..................................... 1 B. Limitation of the Problem .................................... 6 C. Problem Formulation .......................................... 8 D. The Objectives of the Study ................................. 8


Lumbar traction is a physical modality that has been used in the treatment of mechanical spinal diseases. The present article focuses on the history of lumbar traction starting from early antiquity until today. The oldest existing reference available about axial traction belongs to an ancient Indian religious literature written between 3500 BC and 1800 BC. Hippocrates was the first physician to use an axial traction device to correct spinal deformities. Since Hippocrates' time, traction continued to be developed by the contribution of many famous physicians. After the clarification of "nuclear disc herniation" by Mixter and Barr, lumbar traction regained its popularity and in 1950s and 1960s based on James Cyriax's findings, lumbar traction became a preferred method for the treatment of LDH (lumbar disc herniation). Although mechanical efficiency of lumbar traction on LDH was clearly shown in 1980s; its clinical effectiveness remains to be controversial. Today, more standardized studies with standard traction techniques are needed to be done in order to reach a definitive conclusion about its clinical effectiveness.


We demonstrate an extremely simple device with only three easily aligned components for measuring the intensity and phase of ps pulses. We report intensity-and-phase measurements of 15ps long pulses with a time-bandwidth product of 21.


Belady's paging anomaly has illustrated that certain page replacement algorithms can cause more page faults as the size of memory increases. Mattson has shown that there exists a class of algorithms called stack algorithms (such as LRU least recently used) which cannot cause more page faults as memory size increases. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of double-paging, i.e., running a paged operating system, e.g., IBM's OS/VS2, under a paged virtual machine monitor, e.g., VM/370. In particular, we show that an increase in the size of the memory of the virtual machine without a corresponding increase in its real memory size can lead to a significant increase in the amount of paging, even for the LRU algorithm.


INTRODUCTION When contemporary philosophers probe the relation between faith and reason, their focus is on the propositional content of religious belief. They ask whether doctrinal propositions can be proved by sound arguments from premises acceptable to unbelievers, or, failing that, whether adherence to such theses can be rationally justified. Christian philosophers often see themselves as responding to pressure from the outside to defend the rationality of Christian faith. In the waning years of the Roman empire, St. Augustine, too, was preoccupied with defending the faith, first externally, against its pagan competitors (not only but principally the Manichaeans); then against heretics (Donatists and Pelagians) within. St. Anselm's eleventh-century situation was different from both of these. He spent most of his life in the Benedictine Monastery at Bec. Most of his works were penned for and at the behest of his monastic brother-students. Their overarching common aim was to become persons who could see and enjoy God's face. Their intellectual pursuits were integrated into that project. Anselm's written investigations of non-theological subjects were all occasioned by the exigencies of their doctrinal inquiries. These facts about Anselm's career have left deep imprints on his philosophical theology, not least on his method. If he was eventually drawn into polemical contexts and confronted with real non-Christians, Anselm continued to see the drive to understand Christian faith by reason alone ( sola ratione ) as predominantly internal, arising not simply from his own monastic vocation, but from the natural teleology built into human nature itself.


Spina bifida is a congenital disorder with incomplete closure of the spinal column due to a bony vertebral defect. It is a midline defect that occurs during the embryonic period. Depending on the extent of the neural tube defect, various types of spina bifida can be differentiated. Spina bifida occulta, are solely characterized by a bony defect of the vertebral arch, whereas, spina bifida cystica can be distinguished by a protruding cyst, containing either meninges or meninges in combination with spinal cord tissue and are defined as open spinal dysraphisms [1].The cutaneous manifestations accompanying spinal dysraphism that may lead to early recognition of this syndrome and early institution of treatment [2]. A 42-year-old female patient, without history, has developed since birth a nodular vascular firm tumor measuring 25 mm with hypertrichosis in the median lumbar skin (Fig. 1).The neurological examination did not reveal any deficit, especially concerning lower limbs, the complementary explorations in favor of spina bifida occulta.


This paper presents a new graphical processing technique for fast computation of PO surface integral. In contrast with the original graphical processing approach introduced by the authors in 1993, the new one combines a novel shadowing computation algorithm together with the conventional facet-based Gordon's formula, instead of the pixel-based Asvestas' approximation. The resulting hybrid approach needs more CPU power for very complex radar targets, but is free from the pixel discretization noise inherent to graphical processing. It has the same accuracy as conventional Physical Optics computation, but shadowed facets detection is more than 10 times faster than with the most efficient alternative algorithms of O(N log N) computational cost.


The real exchange rate is said to be the single most important price in an economy. While we used to think that we knew what explained its movements (e.g., the Balassa-Samuelson effect), the recent much-cited result by Engel (1999) proposes a serious reinterpretation – i.e., nearly 100% of the movements in the U.S. real exchange rate are explained by deviations from the law of one price. Engel's finding holds even in the medium run, when movements in the relative price of non-tradables between countries, were thought to be of paramount importance. In this project, we study the movement of real exchange rates based on the prices of Big Macs (which we show are highly correlated with the CPIbased real exchange rates). Our main innovation is to match these prices to the prices of individual ingredients (ground beef, bread, lettuce, labor cost, rent, etc.) in 34 countries during 1990–2002. There are a number of advantages associated with our approach. First, unlike the CPI real exchange rate, we can measure the Big Mac real exchange rate in levels in an economically meaningful way. Second, unlike the CPI real exchange rate for which the attribution to tradable and non-tradable components involves assumptions on the weights and the functional form, we (almost) know the exact composition of a Big Mac, and can estimate the tradable and non-tradable components relatively precisely. Third, we can study the dynamics of the real exchange rate in a setting that is free of the productaggregation bias (argued by Imbs, Mumtaz, Ravn, and Rey, 2002, to be important in studies on CPI real exchange rates), the temporal aggregation bias (argued to be important by Taylor, 2001), or the bias generated by non-compatible consumption baskets across countries. Fourth, we show that Engel's result that deviation from the law of one price is all that matters does not hold generally. Furthermore, deviations from his result can be systematically explained.


Uncertain parameters exist widely on mechanical multibody systems. The origin of the uncertain parameters is form design tolerance, assembly error, environment, friction, abrasion and so on. The response of the mechanical system is also uncertain. Therefore, it is necessary to include these parameters in the modeling of the system. This paper put forwards a concept called motion functional reliability to appraise the system response caused by the uncertain parameters. The motion functional reliability can be defined as the probability of some key dynamic parameters (such as position, orientation, velocity, acceleration) falling in the tolerance area, and the calculation method for the reliability is also put forward. The motion functional reliability is useful for appraising the motion accuracy and function of mechanical mulitbody system and also it is effective for the design and optimum of the system.


The finite element model of a wet multi-disc brake was built, and ANSYS was applied to carry out FEA of the temperature field of the brake in non-braking state. The distribution of the temperature field of the brake was obtained, and the sensitivity of the main factors affecting the brake temperature was analyzed. The results showed that the distribution of inner and outer friction plates was the main factor to cause the abnormally high temperature of the brake. The study offered theoretical basis for further optimization design of the brake and solution of high temperature problems.


An experiment was conducted on weed control in direct seeded rice under rainfed condition at college farm, college of agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, during kharif, 2010. The soil of the experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture with a pH of 7.8, low in available nitrogen, high in available phosphorus and medium in available potassium. The results revealed that early post-emergence application of Cyhalofop-buty + (chlorimuron-ethyl+ mestulfuron-methyl) @ 90+20 g ha -1 applied at 20-30 DAS resulted in lower weed density and weed dry matter production, thus gave higher weed control efficiency (82.13%). The same treatment recorded higher grain yield (3820 kg ha -1 ) and found at par with two hand weedings treatment (at 20 and 40 DAS). The highest B: C ratio of 2.44 was found with Cyhalofop-buty + (chlorimuronethyl+mestulfuron-methyl).


Abstract : The Intrasystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Program (IEMCAP) is a system level, computerized analysis program which may be used in analyzing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) for aircraft, spacecraft or ground stations on both present and future systems. The objective of this effort was to increase the prediction capability of the IEMCAP. The defined tasks to obtain the new capability are the following: (1) development of a frequency dependent power gain antenna model for IEMCAP; (2) modify IEMCAP to predict the electromagnetic (EM) interference for those devices whose compatibility is not related to average power; (3) implement within IEMCAP a mathematical model(s) to predict the degradation to receptors of EM energy, caused by spurious signal products generated at an emitter, a structural nonlinearity (i.e., in the transmission path), or in a victim receptor (i.e., signal harmonics, intermodulation, cross modulation, desensitization, gain compression/expansion and spurious responses); and (4) modification of the modeling procedure for a port's emission and/or susceptibility. Upon completion of the above modeling effort, the developed models were to be coded and interfaced with the existing IEMCAP.


Several studies based on observational data as well as with global climate models (GCMs) suggest that the wind regime is impacted by climate change. Changes in circulation patterns and shifts in the storm tracks have been predicted (e.g. Andersen et al., 2001, Bengtsson et al., 2006). Besides, there is an indication of enhanced westerly winds and an increase in extreme events and/or storminess (Schmith et al., 1998, Ekström, 2002, Bromirski et al., 2003). The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a complex mode of variability in the atmosphere and is normally represented by an index that describes the change in strength of the pressure gradient between the 'Greenland low' and the 'Azores high'. Most climate models suggest that the winter NAO index is likely to increase in response to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases. Since positive NAO is associated with stronger than average westerlies (Hurrell and Van Loon, 1997), any increase or change in the index would be relevant for a regional wind climate variability. Located on the north-western fringe of Europe, Scotland has a wind climate largely dominated by the Atlantic depressions. Average wind speeds and frequency of strong winds and gales are higher than in other parts of the United Kingdom. In addition, the flow of the wind over the region can be significantly influenced by the complex topography (figure 1). As a result, variations of the wind regime and its extremes may be important in considering the regional impact of climate variability for the Scottish Highlands and Islands and may have an important impact on a wide range of


Background We previously reported that IFN-γ producing T cell responses induced by the combined therapy of DNA vaccine and lamivudine for one year are important for the induction of sustained virological response (SVR). However, IFN-γ production is not sufficient to predict sustained viremia control in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) carriers treated. Methods Twelve CHB carriers were intramuscularly immunized 12 times at a 4-week interval with 8 mg of HBV DNA vaccine during the standard lamivudine treatment (100 mg/daily/1 year). The level of cytokines during and after the combined therapy in plasma of all 12 CHB carriers treated was determined by each ELISA kit. Six out of 12 CHB carriers revisited the clinic, and their HBV DNA levels were examined. Results The combined therapy increased plasma IL-12 and IL-12/p40 ratio during the treatment (baseline vs. peak level: 41.8±8.3 vs. 163.1±29.2 pg/ml; p<0.01 and 0.96±0.25 vs. 3.58±0.86; p<0.01, espectively), and the peak level of plasma IL-12 and IL-12/p40 ratio was evoked at 6 to 10 months during the combined therapy. In particular, CHB carriers with SVR had two and three-fold higher level of the peak plasma IL-12 and plasma IL-12/p40 ratio than non-virological responders (NVRs), respectively (218.0±41.4 vs. 108.1±28.6 pg/ml; p=0.09 and 5.35±1.38 vs. 1.80±0.29; p<0.05, respectively), while p40 level was consistent during the combined therapy. In addition, there was no significant temporal correlation between the peak IL-12/p40 ratio and the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in this study, contrast to IFN-α therapy which induced peak IL-12 level following ALT flares. Conclusion Our results indicate that the combined therapy induces the increase of plasma IL-12 and IL-12/p40 ratio, which are associated with long-term SVR in CHB carriers.


This invention discloses a new style modification ammonium bicarbonate liquor chemical fertilizer. Its chemistry expression is XNH4CO3.YKmR.ZCO(NH)2, X, Z stand for mole number, K stands for kalium ion, R stands for OH-, NO3-PO4-3, HPO4-2, H2PO4-, Cl-, SO4-2, m stands for integer 1, 2, 3. The nutrient content is high, nutrient is balance, solubility is large, and availability of fertilizer is high in this invention. It is a better method of ammonium bicarbonate modification. The ground fertilizer or complementary fertilizer are trickle irrigator or filtration irrigation, or rush fertilizer and sprinkling irrigation as complementary fertilizer, both has good effect. It can be applied to all kind of crops, especially to economic crop.


Ferropericlase (fp), (Mg$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)O, the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's lower mantle, is expected to be an essential component of super-Earths' mantles. Here we present an ab initio investigation of the structure and magnetic ground state of fp up to $\sim$ 3 TPa with iron concentrations (x$_{Fe}$) varying from 0.03 to 0.12. Calculations were performed using LDA+U$_{sc}$ and PBE exchange-correlation functionals to elucidate the pressure range for which the Hubbard U (U$_{sc}$) is required. Similar to the end-members FeO and MgO, fp also undergoes a B1 to B2 phase transition that should be essential for modeling the structure and dynamics of super-Earths' mantles. This structural transition involves a simultaneous change in magnetic state from a low spin (LS) B1 phase with iron total spin S=0 to an intermediate spin (IS) B2 phase with S=1. This is a rare form of pressure/strain-induced magnetism produced by local cation coordination changes. Phonon calculations confirm the dynamical stability of the iron B2-IS state. Free energy calculations are then carried out including vibrational effects and electronic and magnetic entropy contributions. The phase diagram is then obtained for low concentration fp using a quasi-ideal solid solution model. For x$_{Fe}$>0.12 this approach is no longer valid. At ultra-high pressures, there is an IS to LS spin state change in Fe in the B2 phase, but the transition pressure depends sensitively on thermal electronic excitations and on x$_{Fe}$.


Education, in its process, requires the implementation of curriculum management, so that planning, implementation, and evaluation can run effectively, efficiently and optimally as an effort to empower various learning resources, learning experiences, and curriculum components. In its journey, the curriculum continues to experience various dynamic changes which are interpreted as improvements. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively describe curriculum management at SD Perguruan Buddhi Tangerang, qualitatively descriptive, through interviews with school principals, observations, and documentation studies. The results showed that the process of improving this learning system was very quickly responded to by the Buddhi College Elementary School, with the use of the independent curriculum which had entered the second stage, namely independence change. This is as a result of the readiness of all school management to accept changes both from the principal, teacher readiness, and school facilities. Although it is undeniable that the implementation process still faces obstacles, school management always tries to be ready to face these changes.


We present band structure studies, based on first-principles and tight-binding calculations, of the zero field spin splitting energies in conduction bands of superlattices and heterostructures. We find that the spin relaxation and spin precession of conduction electrons in nanostructures can be tailored to a much larger extent than has been hitherto assumed. In wide quantum wells, we predict the k-linear spin splitting energy in the conduction band to have a pronounced angular anisotropy as a function of the applied electric field, in contrast to what envelope function theory suggests. Even in unbiased common-atom heterostructures, the spin splitting can be resonantly enhanced due to band crossings or zero-gap situations by at least one order of magnitude. In no- common-atom heterostructures, the microscopic interface asymmetry is found to dominate the spin splitting, irrespective of any applied electric field. In addition, we show that acoustic and optic phonons lead to spin- flip processes and we present quantitative results for the spin-phonon deformation potentials in GaAs.


Using agent-based models in large area studies is hard. Since researchers need local data and field knowledge to create empirical models, most ABM studies cover small areas. A great challenge is how the modellers place agents on the landscape (agent placement) and defines its atributes. This paper presents a method and a set of operators to support agent placement in models for frontier regions, such as Amazonia. These operations allow represent important process, like concentration of land ownership and land speculation. Palavras-chave: ABM, Land Change, Models, Multi-agent


The culture of filial piety is considered as the core value of the traditional Chinese culture.Its tremendous social significance and cultural value will never be on the wane along with the social development,whereas its carriers might be vanished and thus create impacts on its inheritance.This paper,from the environmental perspective of the daily life in the rural communities,finds out when compared with the traditional material carriers,some changes have taken place in the material carriers of the culture of filial piety,which has managed to have new carriers thanks to its dogged inheritance power,for example,home shrines have replaced genealogy,clan temples and ancestral temples have given way to memorial ceremonies in graveyard.Spiritually speaking,the awareness of filial piety is rooted in people's daily habits by means of public recreations,birthday celebrations,weddings,funerals and so on.However,we need to realize that the culture of filial piety is inherited under certain circumstances,among which the villagel structure,lifestyle and social atmosphere are the important ones for its inheritance.If they vanish,the inheritance of the culture of filial piety will risk a loss.


The research was conducted in June 2014 in the Fish Hatchery and Breeding Laboratory of the Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty University of Riau. The research was to determine the effect of ovaprim on ovulation and egg quality of ingir-ingir (Mystus nigriceps). The method used is an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. Treatment in this study were P0 (NaCl 0,9% dose of 1 ml / kg body weight) P1 (ovaprim dose of 0,5 ml / kg body weight) P2 (ovaprim dose of 0,7 ml/ kg body weight) and P3 (dose ovaprim 0,9 ml / kg body weight). The results of the research showed that the ovaprim doses 0.7 ml / kg body weight gave the optimum result inter of latent period (6,37 hours), number of egg striping (315 eggs / gram broodstock), increase the diameter eggs (0,038 mm) and percent increase egg maturation (14,3%), and the ovisomatik index (9,85%). Keywords: Ovaprim doses, Ovulation, Ovisomatik indeks and egg quality


ABSTRACT Nehnar glacier is located in the Sindh sub-basin of the Jhelum River in the Kashmir Himalayas. We studied the dynamic response of the glacier (area, snout, Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA), specific mass balance, volume) using Survey of India (SOI) toposheets and Landsat imagery series from 1962 to 2017. The results show that this glacier has lost an area of 1.4 km2 (50.35%) during this period of 55 years. The snout position and ELA have risen significantly, with varying rates at different time intervals. The specific mass balance of the glacier changed from −2.3 cm water equivalent (w.e.) to −35.1 cm w.e. during this period, with a loss of glacier volume from 0.17 km3 to 0.07 km3. Annual mean maximum (Tmax) and mean minimum (Tmin) temperatures show significant increases, whereas an insignificant decrease in precipitation has been recorded from 1980 to 2016. The continuous glacier retreat will have a significant impact on streamflow, agriculture, and other sectors of the Kashmir Himalayas.


In order to explore the science enrichment learning program for the science gifted in general elemetary and secondary school, the identification of the science gifted, gifted education methods and science education curriculums were investigated through literature survey. Admitting the Renzulli's enrichment triad model and three dimensional scienctific factors as context, process and content, the snow ball program was explored. Identification methods and science education curriculum of enrichment learning for the science gifted were presented. In the snow ball program, it was presented that each factor of three dimensional scienctific factors was focused in the different ways due to the levels or the ages of students. The examples of the snow ball program and science education curriculum of enrichment learning for the science gifted were illustrated.


presentation of tragic thinking and its links to asceticism. In Chapter Two, I move to Merezhkovskii's understanding of tragedy as primarily sexual in nature, which affects, among other things, his translations of Greek tragedy. In Chapter Three, I consider Valerii Briusov's Zemlia, whose science fiction, spiritualist tragedy Zemlia presents the end of civilization's development and a requisite critique of Zarathustrian (Ivanovian) life-affirmation. In addition to offering a parody of Ivanov's Nietzschean model, Briusov, with his quasi-theosophical trajectory and vision of history, will act as a foil to the previous chapters. In the conclusion, I will turn to a later event in the modernist history of tragic thinking in Russia: the 1913 production of Nikolai


Treating and utilizing vegetable residues may reduce waste and improve rhizosphere soil. This study explored the effects of tomato plant residue compost and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the physicochemical properties and microbial community of ginger field soil. Four treatment procedures were adopted: no compost or PGPR (CK), compost (TC), compost + Bacillus subtilis (TC-BS), and compost +Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 (TC-BA). The results showed that compared with the CK, TC significantly increased soil organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium by 17.34%, 21.66%, 19.56%, and 37.20%, respectively. Soil urease activity, neutral phosphatase activity, and sucrase activity increased by 55.89%, 35.59%, and 57.21%, respectively. Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacillus abundances increased by 1.40%, 1.80%, and 0.68%, respectively, while Firmicutes decreased by 0.80%. TC-BS significantly improved soil bacterial diversity than CK and TC, and relative abundance of Beneficial Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacillus microorganisms dominated. Principal coordinate analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial community structure among different treatments. Redundancy analysis indicated total potassium (p = 0.002), pH (p = 0.0012), and available phosphorus (p = 0.016) as the main community composition driving factors. In conclusion, B. subtilis inoculation in ginger field soil supplemented with tomato compost enhanced bacterial diversity, altered bacterial community structure, enriched beneficial microorganisms, and promoted a healthy rhizosphere.


Objective To find out about the current situation of the development of medical record management in Jiangxi Province. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to 182 medical record management workers in 98 hospitals of Jiangxi Province. Results Medical record management has witnessed slow development and the management contingent is characterized by low educational level, low professional titles, a rather limited number of years of work experience and numerical dominance of women. Conclusion That leaders in some hospitals fail to pay enough attention to medical record management and medical record management organizations have not been properly set up constitutes the chief cause of the slow development of the medical record management specialty in Jiangxi Province.


The ethanolic extract obtained from dried fruits of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) was evaluated in vitro to examine its potential allelopathic effects. The inhibitory effect of the extract at 0, 2.5, 5 and 10% (i.e., g amounts of original extract in 100 ml distilled water) on germination and seedling growth of four weeds, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), wild barley (Hordium spontaneum), oat (Avena ludoviciana) and dandelion (Taraxicum officinalis), were tested. All concentrations suppressed the germination of perennial ryegrass and dandelion, while oat showed significantly reduced (P 0.05) germination and seedling growth at 2.5%. The germination rate and percentage and seedling growth of wild barley were significantly (P 0.05) decreased at 2.5 and 5%. At 10%, none of the tested weeds germinated. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


The UK's exit from the European Union (EU) has potential ramifications for the country's electricity sector, given its increasing interlinkage with other EU electricity systems. Brexit could hamper the development toward higher market integration and the realization of new interconnector projects. Moreover, a fall in the value of the Pound, resulting from Brexit in the medium term, could also affect the electricity trading structure. Combining a European electricity market model and a multi-criteria decision analysis tool, this study assesses the implications of Brexit for the electricity market of Great Britain (hereafter GB) for 2030, from the perspective of (i) political decision makers, (ii) electricity consumers, and (iii) producers. Results indicate that the implications of Brexit depend on the future development of the GB electricity system and on the objectives of the respective stakeholders. Possible opportunities brought by Brexit under a low-carbon trajectory contrast with greater challenges and tradeoffs between stakeholders under alternative power system development paths. Despite increased British autonomy in energy and climate matters, there remains interdependency between British and EU energy policy.


In the Information Technology (IT) and Information Systems (IS) communities, much of the workforce development research focuses on the IT artifact's role. However, another crucial lens for addressing diversity, equity, and inclusion focuses on the people who make the IT artifact. According to the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), in the overall private industry in 2014, the high-tech sector recruited a considerable number of Whites (68.5% in tech vs. 63.5% in the private sector) but it recruited a smaller number of Blacks (7.4% in tech vs. 14.4% in the private sector) (EEOC, 2014). The high-tech sector has become a significant resource of financial growth, fueling the US economy and other top economies worldwide. This industry has impacted how we interact with and access information, disperse products or services and address critical societal problems. Because this market is the resource of a rising variety of tasks, the EEOC and its stakeholders must understand the emerging trends in this sector. Ensuring an adequate supply of workers with the proper skills and credentials and attending to the absence of diversity amongst high-tech employees has become a public policy concern (EEOC, 2014). Jobs in computer science and engineering fields are expanding at two times the nationwide average (Richards & Terkanian, 2013). These jobs often provide greater pay and have been more resilient to financial recessions than various other economic sector industries over the past decade. Also, jobs in the advanced sector have a solid potential for growth. This work is necessary to firms in all industries that require workers with innovation abilities. Employment trends in the high-tech industry are, as a result, essential to the national economy and work expectations. These industries and what classifies as "high-tech" are swiftly developing. There is no solitary high-tech industry; rather; new technology has transformed sectors beyond IT and telecoms to products and features of numerous occupations.


Riparian forests are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and anthropogenic influences because they are highly dynamic ecosystems, thus proper adaptation measures are crucial. The implementation of these measures, however, strongly depends on the actors' perceptions of the specific problems occurring in such forests. For understanding the constraints of specific interest groups toward different adaptation activities, information in this field is essential. By conducting a questionnaire survey we explore how different types of forest managers, i.e., forestry professionals, forest owners, and conservation managers, perceive the effects of environmental change on forest management in the recently established Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura-Drava-Danube. We show that these forest managers are highly aware of ongoing environmental changes and appraise deteriorating forest conditions, especially after observing changes themselves. Abiotic damage is expected to increase the most, followed by biotic damage, the spread of non-native species, and tree dieback. Nearly 80% of the survey respondents expect further changes and almost all of them intend to adapt their management of forests to mitigate or prepare for these changes. Nevertheless, we show differences in sensitivity to change and willingness to initiate adaptation actions by assessing adaptation thresholds: conservation managers appear generally more tolerant to changes, which results in higher thresholds to initiate management adaptation than forestry professionals and forest owners. Respondents' selection of target tree species depends on management goals and therefore, we found further differences between forestry professionals and conservation managers. These aspects need to be carefully considered to foster cooperation or develop sustainable management frameworks and adaptation strategies.


This paper is concerned with a delay differential system which can be regarded as a mathematical model of compartmental system with pipes and time delays. It is shown that every solution of such a differential system tends to a constant vector as t → ∞. The obtained results improve and extend some existing ones in the literature.


When spliced to solid core optical fiber, a hollow core optical fiber (HCF) exhibits multipath interference. Reflections at the air/glass interfaces add coherently in transmission, producing intensity fluctuations. This can lead to excess intensity noise at the output of a fiber segment. In this letter, angle-cleaved splices were performed on HCFs to reduce this noise without significant alteration of the fiber's optical properties. Cleave angles ranging from 7° to 12° produced splices with return losses less than -50 dB and excess insertion losses typically around 1 or 2 dB. A 37-dB reduction in intensity noise over a flat-cleaved splice was achieved with negligible increase in higher order mode generation or polarization-dependent loss.


UNDERSTANDING OF role, inefficiencies and malpractices of administrations in underdeveloped countries is severely hampered if such institutions are analysed in analogy to admiriistration in capitalist developed countries. Irrespective of the level of economic development, the political economy and social structures of capitalist and underdeveloped countries are radically different. A capitalist society is one in which the structures of final demand and of the productive apparatus permit a class of entrepreneurs to appropriate surplus as profit which on being invested allows for decisions to be made on the growth processes of these societies in a decentralised manner. An underdeveloped economy is one in which surplus is appropriated by the state and its agencies, whereby these agencies have to coordinate themselves not through the market but through other means. One of its outcomes is that control through theacquisition/non-acquisition of 'profit' is not possible. The extent and characteristics of state intervention differ in both types of societies. The types of incomes are different; rent is an important item in underdeveloped economies.1 The constitution of civil society as an area where an independent class of decentralised capitalists reproduce themselves by investing in revenue-yielding focally reproducible assests is mostly absent. The administration becomes the arena of class struggle in such societies. The economic and the social results of this class struggle are different from the ones achieved in direct confrontation between working classes and capitalist entrepreneurs in capitalist societies. Social classes are not allowed to organise themselves horizontally and to constitute powerful organisations which are capable of keeping administration under control. All these differences considerably alter the manner in which administration is integrated into society, the forms of control exercised on administration, the internal functioning of administration and the b.ehaviour of its agents, despite analogies drawn between bodies referred to as administration in both types of society, and analogies drawn especially in respect of overburdening with problems, lack of control, inefficiency, and internal red tape. My main argument, therefore, seeks to establish why administration can be restricted by ttie type and extent of intervention in capitalist societies and, why this cannot be the case in underdeveloped economies.


Objective To study the preparation and identification of the model of rabbit knee osteoarthritis with the improved operational method of Hulth.Method According to the improved operational method of Hulth,rabbits were cut off knee medial collateral ligament,anterior cruciate ligament,and medial meniscus.After 8 weeks,cartilage and synovium were observed by X ray photograph,naked eye and HE staining.The expression of IL-1、TNF-α in serum and joint fluids were detected by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELRSA).Result X ray showed that obvious arthrostenosis and spur were developed.Cartilage defect and synovial inflammation were observed by naked eye.HE staining showed that cartilage defected,chondrocyte reduced and apoptosis.Compared with normal group,There were higher expression of IL-1、TNF-αin serum and joint fluids in model group(P0.05).Conclusion After 8 weeks,the model of rabbit knee osteoarthritis with the improved operational method of Hulth was successfully made.And the model can accurately reflect the characteristic of osteoarthritis through the image analysis and biochemistry detection.It will be the theoretical basis and research groundwork for clinical treatment.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electric engineering, in particular, to hand-held electric machines. The claimed hand-held electric machine (10) has elongated motor housing (16) serving as a handle with commutator motor (50) placed in it; at that electric motor brush (39) are spring-actuated in brush-carrier (28) with box (38). Brush-carrier (28) is fixed independently/separately in motor housing (16) to which set of coordinate axes is related; first of all, longitudinal axis (18), vertical (20) and transversal (22) ones. At that according to the invention box (38) of the brush-holder (28) is offset from vertical axis (20) of the motor housing (16) per an angle of about 20°, and it is oriented primarily in relation to longitudinal axis (18). EFFECT: improving efficient use of structure space of the motor housing and thus reducing dimensions of hand-held electric machine, simplifying process of brush installation and replacement in such electric machine. 10 cl, 14 dwg


T h e main dietary sources of vitamin B12 are meat and eggs. The U S Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is 2 |0g per day, but the usual daily intake is much higher, ranging from 5 to 15 mg per day. Body stores of cobalamin are usually a substantial 2 to 3 mg. Hence, even strict vegans who eat no animal proteins will not deplete their body stores of vitamin B ] 2 for many years.Dietary vitamin BJ2 is tightly proteinbound. Gastric acid releases it, and the free cobalamin then binds to salivary R proteins in the stomach. In the proximal small intestine, pancreatic enzymes degrade the R protein, allowing cobalamin to bind to intrinsic factor (IF) and subsequently to be absorbed in the distal ileum. Cobalamin appears in the portal circulation bound to transcobalamin II, and some enterohepatic recycling occurs.


Abstract Hand knitting of woollen clothing by women was a key economic activity throughout the nineteenth and for most of the twentieth century in the Shetland islands. It integrated women into the market and enabled women to construct an identity for themselves based on their relationship with production and the wider economy. Generally regarded as a either a backward remnant of the pre-industrial economy or a traditional craft with little economic value, hand knitting does not belong to the story of women's work and independence in the modern industrial era. This article argues that hand knitting and the means by which it was produced and traded occupied a central place in the web of female relationships on the islands, helping to create a female culture characterized by an acknowledgement of women as producers with economic autonomy.


This legal process, which regulated by the Labour Procedure Act, has been amended by the Social Jurisdiction Regulatory Act. And a particularly striking, because it has proceeded to amend certain aspects of this particular process, and it is noticeable especially the creation within it of a new type of procedure.


This research aimed to describe in the increase in student learning outcomes in learning science through the Active Knowledge Sharing learning strategi. This research is a classroom action research. This research was conducted in two cycles, each cycles consiting of three meetings. This classroom action research conducted by research subject students grade 5th imlementation proses of learning teacher and test of student study result. The resuly showed that an increase in the persentage of students mastery of learning outcomes fist cycles is 50% increase in the second cycle become 80%. It can be concluded that the grade 5th students learning outcome can be improved with Action Knowledge Sharing learning strategy in the elementary school 50 Padang Tongga. Key words : Learning Result, Active Knowledge Sharing Strategy.


We address the problem of graph rewriting as the underlying operational semantics of rule-based programming languages. We deene a new optimal graph rewriting strategy in the setting of orthogonal constructor-based graph rewriting systems. For this purpose, we rst characterize a subset of graphs, called admissible graphs. A graph is admissible if none of its deened operations belongs to a cycle. We then prove the connuence, as well as the connuence modulo bisimilarity (unraveling), of the admissible graph rewriting relation. Finally, we deene a sequential graph rewriting strategy by using Antoy's deenitional trees. We show that the resulting strategy computes only needed redexes and develops optimal derivations w.r.t. the number of steps. Abstract We address the problem of graph rewriting as the underlying operational semantics of rule-based programming languages. We deene a new optimal graph rewriting strategy in the setting of orthogonal constructor-based graph rewriting systems. For this purpose, we rst characterize a subset of graphs, called admissible graphs. A graph is admissible if none of its deened operations belongs to a cycle. We then prove the connuence, as well as the connuence modulo bisimilarity (unraveling), of the admissible graph rewriting relation. Finally, we deene a sequential graph rewriting strategy by using Antoy's deenitional trees. We show that the resulting strategy computes only needed redexes and develops optimal derivations w.r.t. the number of steps.


Screening for features of the metabolic syndrome is being recommended by many learned societies and scientists in the field. Guidelines and recommendations as to how and whom to screen still vary from country to country and are not solely based on evidence from large, longitudinal studies. Whether the term ''metabolic syndrome'' is of clinical relevance in children and adolescents and more meaningful than individual components such as hypertension, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia is still open for debate. In addition, comorbidities of obesity such as sleep-disordered breathing and sleep apnea even at a young age have been recognized more recently. Nevertheless, along with the increasing prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence, the existence of the metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents is being recognized. The prevalence of any feature of the metabolic syndrome is being reported to be up to 30%, irrespective of the definition that is applied. Signaling molecules, termed adipocytokines, secreted from the adipose tissue, are thought to play a major role in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. Leptin and its soluble receptor may be more important in states of energy deficiency rather than as a predictor of the metabolic syndrome in


Adjustment had been made on the original improper planning for the road at the entrance to Xiasha Flyover Crossing of the ring roadof Hangzhou. However, the final plan is still not satisfactory. The main reason for this is that more importance is attached to the land use thanto the traffic. The paper points out that importance should be attached to the road and traffic planning when preparing the city planning, and theplanning department should be the principal part of the planning management of the city's development zones.


This research aimed to; analyzing patterns of aristocratic relations with the people, and social contracts between nobles and people in South Sulawesi. This type of research was qualitative research with a historical sociological approach to describe patterns of relations and social contracts that occur between nobles and people in South Sulawesi, accompanied by critical analysis through the theory of social contracts from Jean Jacque Rousseau and John Locke. The main data collection technique in this study was observation and analyzing various documents that are considered relevant to this study. The results of the study show that, the Tomanurung concept that places noble elites in strategic positions, both in social structures, and in political positions in South Sulawesi, does not neglect the position of the social structure of ordinary people. Conventionally, there has been agreed upon a social contract between elite groups of nobles or rulers with the people, which reflects a balanced pattern of relationships between aristocratic elites or rulers with people under power.


Safety is essential for tower cranes in construction engineering, as the inner-climbing tower crane is widely used in the construction of high-rise structures, design safety, reliability and support system which can be turnover is an important prerequisite for protecting the safety of construction. By understanding the interrelationships between construction environment of Henglong Plaza Twin Towers in Shenyang city and ZSL2700 tower, the article will analyse the support system for the project. It mainly uses finite element analysis software ANSYS which can create mechanical status of modeling to analyzing the supporting structure. It can guarantee the structures rationality and the security reliability. Project Summary Shenyang municipal government square tower engineering which building height is 350.6m has the underground layer 4 and the ground 70 layer. The office building has used the frame core tube structure system. The outside frame is composed by the square shape section coagulation earth pyramid and the peripheral steel girder. The rectangular core tube was the reinforced concrete, while in the core tube outer wall has established some steel pole. This project adopt two boom tower cranes from Zhongsheng construct machine company (Nanjing).The first number tower crane is ZSL750, which maximum torque is 750tm; the second number tower cranes is ZSL2700. This paper takes the ZSL2700 tower crane as an object, studying this machines stressful condition of attachment system. The ZSL2700 tower cranes most high-torque is 2600tm, pitching arm angle ranges 85-65 .The maximum lifting load is 100t. The biggest hoisting up scope is 55m, which lifting load is 37.6t.When the crane surpasses the permission lifting load or the hoisting up moment of force, PLC can break the power implementation protection automatically. The tower machine need carry on 19 climbs in the construction process. Fig. 1 Two tower crane installation location diagram


The impact degree is a measure of the robustness of a metabolic network against deletion of single or multiple reaction(s). Although such a measure is useful for mining important enzymes/genes, it was defined only for networks without cycles. In this paper, we extend the impact degree for metabolic networks containing cycles and develop a simple algorithm to calculate the impact degree. Furthermore we improve this algorithm to reduce computation time for the impact degree by deletions of multiple reactions. We applied our method to the metabolic network of E. coli, that includes reference pathways, consisting of 3281 reaction nodes and 2444 compound nodes, downloaded from KEGG database, and calculate the distribution of the impact degree. The results of our computational experiments show that the improved algorithm is 18.4 times faster than the simple algorithm for deletion of reaction-pairs and 11.4 times faster for deletion of reaction-triplets. We also enumerate genes with high impact degrees for single and multiple reaction deletions. key words: metabolic networks, Boolean networks, impact degree, robustness


The subject of our research is textual evidence for coherence relations between clauses (aka discourse relations) and what relations they provide evidence for. We call explicit indicators of coherence relations discourse connectives.1 Coherence relations have been the object of study in semantics and psycholinguistics, including (Knott, 1996; Knott & Mellish, 1996; Knott & Sanders, 1998; Spooren, 1997), and a focus of discourse parsing applications in Natural Language Processing (Lin et al, 2014; Xue et al, 2015; Xue et al, 2016). In all this work, the standard assumption has been, simply put, that explicit discourse connectives signal discourse relations, and that only where they are absent or ambiguous is inference used to establish coherence. This assumption bears questioning, however, and work we have carried out to date on concurrent discourse relations and on how listeners interpret discourse connectives shows this assumption to be false (Rohde et al, 2015; Rohde et al, 2016; Rohde et al, 2017). We believe that correcting this assumption can both improve computational modelling (say, for machine translation and relation extraction) and support deeper cross-lingual studies and more effective design and interpretation of psycholinguistic experimentation. As such, we believe that our work should be of interest to both the existing ACL and new SCiL communities. Our work was undertaken with the computational goal of improving inter-clausal relation mining. Work on the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB) (Prasad et al, 2014) had already shown that annotators sometimes chose to annotate more than one coherence relation as holding between the same discourse spans, and further annotation (Webber et al, 2016) has shown even more frequent annotation of more than one discourse relation between the same pair of spans. But PDTB annotation has also hinted at another possible source of multiple discourse relations holding concurrently. Specifically, annotators sense-labelled some of the sentences containing the discourse adverbial "instead" as if the sentences started with the conjunction "but" (as in Ex. 1), annotating "instead" with a sense normally associated with "but" (CONTRAST) rather than its own more common label (CHOSEN ALTERNATIVE). Since "instead" can co-occur with conjunctions other than "but" (as in Ex. 2–4)


The effect of accelerated aging and freezing at the temperature of -20 o C of seed of a number of pea varieties on the level of catalase activity in seedlings and seeds was investigated. Accelerated aging caused a decrease, but freezing caused an increase in germination energy and germination as compared with the control variant of the majority of the studied varieties. Both factors increased catalase activity in seeds and seedlings. The level of catalase activity in the seeds and seedlings from pea seeds depends on varietal differences


After Industrial Revolution, severe increases were experienced in fossil fuel consumption due to increased energy needs. The endless struggle of humankind for interest and his/her ignorance of environmental devastation led greenhouse gas to accumulate in the atmosphere, global warming to be experienced and, depending on this, climatic change to form. This process experienced has caused many international and national studies to be conducted in the area of climatic change related to the different disciplines, and the issue has taken place in the top orders among the leading subjects in academic platforms. This study discussed the effect of climatic change in Turkey on the agricultural sector. The sectors dealt with the study the agricultural sector, and the effects of climatic changes were aimed to be introduced with an econometric model. In agricultural sector, the effects of climatic changes from the perspective of the product productivity were analyzed by means of the agricultural sector, the effects of climatic changes from the perspective of product productivity were analyzed through Granger Causality Test. In the study, the period of 1970 -2017 was based on. The study deals with the issue on a sectorial basis; additionally, its effect is evaluated on the basis of product productivity from the original aspect of the study. Setting out from the results obtained in the study, climatic policies directed to the agricultural sector for Turkey were formed. The effects of the process on the sector were explicitly introduced. Developing climatic policies directed to this sector was targeted to contribute to the literature. Keywords: Climate change, agricultural products, granger causality test, variance decomposition.


Spectral photoconductivity, photoconductive quenching, photoluminescence, and thermally stimulated current measurements, have been carried out in order to study the evolution of defect energy levels in CdS thin films, grown in cubic phase by chemical bath deposition, as a function of thermal annealing temperatures in Ar+S2 atmosphere. The results are influenced by a cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition. From those measurements, a number of trap levels and deep levels in the forbidden band are determined. The results can be explained in terms of the evolution of native and phase transition generated defects in the sample structure.


Individuals discount the value of delayed and probabilistic rewards according to the same hyperboloid function: V=A/(1+bX), where V is the present, subjective value of a reward of amount A, X is the time until it is received (delay) or the odds against it being received (probability), b is a parameter that determines the rate at which the subjective value decreases, and s represents the non-linear scaling of amount and/or time or probability. With delayed rewards, as amount increases, the value of the rate parameter (b) decreases but the exponent (s) remains constant. The goal of the current study was to determine how increases in amount of the probabilistic reward influence these parameters. Subjects discounted nine probabilistic amounts ranging from $20 to $10 million. In contrast to the discounting of delayed rewards, as amount of probabilistic reward increased, s increased but amount had little systematic effect on the value of b. Thus, although the same mathematical function describes both delay and probability discounting, the differential effects of amount argue that the processes underlying probability and delay discounting are different. FA C U LT Y M E N T O R : L E O N A R D G R E E N , P. H D. , P R O F E S S O R O F P S YC H O L O G Y Professor Green studies choice and decision making in rats, pigeons, and people. His research on choice extends to the areas of self control (choice between smaller/sooner rewards and larger/later rewards), behavioral economics (the conjoining of experimental psychology and economic theories), and the discounting of delayed and probabilistic outcomes. The latter research evaluates the mathematical form of the discount function and whether fundamentally similar processes underlie choice behavior involving delayed and probabilistic rewards. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S I would like to thank everyone who has helped make this research possible: Dr. Leonard Green and Dr. Joel Myerson for all their help, guidance, insight, and entertainment, Amanda Calvert, Sara Estle, and the Washington University Psychology Department, Kristin Sobotka and everyone at the Washington University Undergraduate Research Office, and finally, all the students of Washington University who participated in this study. Probability Discounting Along a Wide Range of Amounts


According to the filling method in the construction design,the production experiment could be carry out for the Pubugou rock-fill dam with gravelly soil core wall project,and 186m height.The characteristics of gravelly soil are understood entirely and the construction method and experience are found out through construction.Then a set of science and effective construction methods are put forward to meet the related standard and specification of the gravelly soil filling,which provides a reference for similar projects.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the satisfaction of the general practitioners at information in Pengpu community health service center. METHODS To survey the 40 general practitioners' satisfaction of the health service processes after information by questionnaire. RESULTS The general practitioners' satisfaction of information is 94.40%. CONCLUSIONS Applying information technique in community health service center optimizes health service processes and promotes the service efficiency.