This paper develops and applies a Bayesian inference algorithm for long-baseline (LBL) acoustic localization of a maneuvering undersea vehicle which compensates for vehicle motion during the interrogation-reception time interval between the vehicle and transponders of the LBL system using only acoustic timing measurements. The method is based on including travel-time corrections as additional unknown parameters in the inference, constrained with prior estimates determined by interpolating the vehicle location at interrogation instants from the results of an initial localization based on a static-vehicle model. Monte Carlo simulation studies show that the motion-compensated localization method performs much better than the static-model localization method or a localization based on applying fixed travel-time corrections. Results from field trials carried out in a large lake are also presented, with averaged acoustic localization errors for a surface vehicle (judged relative to high-precision GPS locations) reduced from 19 ± 14 cm for the static-model localization to 3.4 ± 1.4 cm for the motion-compensated localization, which is comparable to the GPS uncertainties.


Installation of smart meters is increasing world-wide, opening the possibility to implement time-of-use (TOU) tariffs to moderate peak loads. This study is focused on the design of an optimal opt-in residential TOU tariff. Residential consumers are assumed to act in their private interests and maximize utility in response to tariffs. The regulated utility has a broader interest in maximizing societal welfare. However, the regulated utility cannot impose household behavior and cannot directly observe household type. Instead, the regulated utility must offer contract options including both a TOU tariff and current pricing to allow households to self-select the plan best suited to their interests. This paper proposes a simple flexible household utility function that can be calibrated with minimal data to describe diverse household behaviors and reveal household responses to different prices. An optimal pricing model is designed for the regulated utility, taking account of asymmetric information and potential household opportunistic behavior. Using economic constructs from principal-agent theory, the pricing model ensures participation among households most aligned with the regulated utility's desire. The pricing model can also be extended for competitive markets. A case study is performed to demonstrate the benefit the optional TOU tariff can realize.


Future orientation is a cognitive construct that explains the future orientation of individuals, especially the younger generation, to anticipate general events. Because education is responsible for the foundation of a sustainable future in a society, government and society need to prepare their younger generation through formal education. But this is not the case with the Baduy indigenous people. Although the government provides formal education for every ethnic group in Indonesia, the Baduy community rejects it. The cultural values of the society do not provide space for formal education. Customs prohibit formal education, and customary leaders hand out severe punishment to members who violate the prohibition. Education provided by custom is not formal, but is education for life and work. With this education, the Baduy community can survive and at the same time maintain its cultural values. These cultural values can affect future orientation. However, due to population growth, the available land area for farming is limited. As a result of this situation, Baduy people have pushed themselves to make cultural contact with the outside world. The purpose of this study was to examine variables, namely education for life and work, cultural contact, and cultural values as predictors of the future orientation in Baduy's younger generation. This study involved 169 respondents from Baduy's younger generation aged 11–21 years. With a survey research approach, this study uses dual language questionnaires, namely: An Education for Life and Work Scale to measure education for life and work, a Cultural Contact Scale to measure cultural contact, a Cultural Value Scale to measure cultural values, and a Future Orientation Questionnaire to measure future orientation. Result show that three variables were found to have an influence on future orientation (F = 8.935, p <.001). It can be concluded that education for life and work, cultural contact, and cultural values influence the future orientation of Baduy's younger generation. The theoretical and practical implications of this finding are discussed.


Based on the floor heave mechanism in gob-side entry retaining, mechanical model of floor beam in gob-side entry retaining is established. By using the reciprocal theorem, the deflection formula of floor in gob-side entry retaining is derived. The calculated result shows that calculated deflection curve is in accordance with the deformation characteristics of roadway in gob-side entry retaining. The calculated result also shows that the maximum deformation of the floor increases with the increase of the widths of roadway, filling body and limit equilibrium zone of coal side. Finally, measures to control floor heave in gob-side entry retaining is proposed, such as reduction of roadway width and enhance coal-side support.


Classical Chladni patterns formed by vibrations of flat plates have been studied for centuries and are well understood. In this Letter, we show dexterous formation of unconventional Chladni patterns in a fluid using standing bulk acoustic waves. A neat acoustofluidic resonator enabling visualization of microparticles in the fluid channel both on its cross section and in its flow direction was designed. In contrast to classical Chladni patterns, which depend on resonant modes of flat plates, the Chladni patterns herein are generated by vibrations of cylindrical walls and are related to resonant modes of fluid channels. The behavior of the acoustofluidic resonator is numerically predicted by applying an acoustic-structure interaction model to calculate the acoustic pressure distribution at different modes of resonances and the Gorkov theory to obtain the potential of the acoustic radiation forces that act on suspended particles. We also demonstrate numerically and experimentally that further focusing of microparticles can be achieved if the actuation of ultrasound continues after Chladni patterns are formed on the cross section of the fluid channel.


Semen was collected from 23 adult captive black bears. The ejaculates were diluted in three different extenders (Ⅰ: Tris-lactose-fructose-yolk,Ⅱ: Citric acid-glucosesucrose-yolk,Ⅲ: Tris-citric acid-fructose-glucose-yolk ). Thereafter,the diluted semen was stored at 4℃. In the first part of this study,we evaluated the preservation time until sperm mobility rate declined to 0.3 in the three extenders. In experiment 2,we compared three different concentrations of glycerin in the cryoprotectants on frozen-thawed sperm viability,mobility,abnormality and intact acrosome rate of sperm. Finally,we compared computerized slow-stage and static liquid nitrogen vapour freezing methods. The results were as follow: When the mobility rate of sperm is over 0.3,the preservation time (175.42±3.04 h) in extender Ⅲ was longer than in extenders Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P0.01),the preservation time in extender Ⅱ was longer than in extender Ⅰ (P0.01). When using 3.5% glycerin as a cryoprotectant in extender Ⅲ,frozen-thawed sperm viability(41.75±3.46%),mobility(32.63±5.27%) and intact acrosome (85.62±4.58%)rate of sperm were significantly higher from the other groups (P0.01),and the abnormity (29.32±8.22%) rate of sperm was significantly lower than in the other groups(35.95±8.04%,36.07±7.72%)(P﹤0.01).When using automation of cryoapplication,frozen-thawed sperm viability,mobility and intact acrosome rate of sperm were significantly higher than ambi-step cryoapplication(P0.01),and abnormity rate of sperm was significantly lower than ambi-step cryoapplication(P0.01).


Raising funds for the accomplishment of the undertaking is a substantial problem all investors. The environmental protection is such field of economics which at present requires the big financial outlays. From 2003 an upturn is appearing in the investments associated with the environmental protection which is a result bigger responsibility in obeying provisions of the law and the height of the number of source of finances and proper shaping their structure. In the article were introduced sources of funding of ecological investments in Poland in years to 2000-2005


Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is a noise-assisted adaptive data analysis method to solve the problem of mode mixing caused by empirical mode decomposition (EMD). It is shown that the decomposition error tends to zero, as ensemble number increases to infinity in EEMD. In this paper, a novel EEMD-based ridge regression model (REEMD) is proposed, which solves the problem of mode mixing and achieves less decomposition error compared with the EEMD. When the ensemble number is small, the weights of outliers are constraint to zero to reduce the decomposition error in REEMD and the result of REEMD is asymptotic to that of EEMD, as the ensemble number increases. The proposed REEMD is suitable for tissue clutter rejection in color flow imaging system. Simulation shows that reasonable flow-frequency estimations can be achieved by REEMD and the estimation error limits to zero, as the flow frequency increases.


The NRC auditors reviewed the implementation of selected portions of the PE and its contractors' quality assurance (QA) programs related to the Harris COLA development program. During this audit, the NRC staff identified several issues associated with the implementation of the Harris COLA program that should be addressed. These issues are described in this report and are combined into an audit response request (ARR-001). The results of this audit have already been communicated to you; hence, you have 10 calendar days after the receipt of this letter to respond to this ARR.


genization and those for a sodium meter by extracting homogenized samples with hot water. Homogenized samples were also directly analyzed using the sodium meter. Average amount of sodium chloride ingested per head per day was estimated to be 11.6 g in catered meals, and 13.1 g in meals served to sport players by atomic spectrometry. Values calculated from the Food Composition Table were about 1.2 times as compared with those obtained by atomic spectrometry. Values obtained on hot water-extract of samples with a sodium meter agreed well with the atomic spectrometric data, and they were 1.2•`1.3 times as high as those obtained on homogenized samples with a sodium meter.


In this paper, a laboratory physical model was used to examine freshwater lens evolution. Ground water recharge by rainfall was taken into account. The result shows that there is a direct relationship between freshwater lens thickness and cumulative rainfall infiltration. In the model, the lens thickness finally stabilized at 22 cm. The upconing movement process was also analysed for the case of groundwater exploitation. When pumping freshwater, the lower surface of the freshwater lens would rise gradually to form an upconing shape. Finally, the upconing moved into the pumping well which led to a breakdown of the freshwater lens. The result shows that the greater the exploitation rate the easier it is for the lens to break down.


This paper has expounded the present status of libraries under network environment,focused on the heated innovation model of information services,and repositioned the development orientations of libraries and the trends of their information services.


(1) Marc Daniels: "Primary Tuberculosis Infection in Nurses: Manifestations and Prognosis", The Lancet, August 5, 1944, page 165. (') Douglas Anderson: "Prognosis in Pulmonary Tuberculosis", THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA, December 16, 1939, page 918; "Studies in Tuberculosis", 'ibidem, June I, 8, 15, 22, 29, 1940. (2) H. K. Fry: "Adelaide Local Board of Health Survey of School Children by Mantoux and Patch Test", THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA, June 16, 1945, page 604. (') W. J. Penfold: "The Incidence of Tuberculosis in Australia", Transactions of the Australasian Medical Congress (British Medical Association), First Session, Melbourne, 1923, Supplement to THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA. Volume I, 1924. (5) Arnold R. Rich: "Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis". 1944. Discussion. These features are summed up by the statement that the Mantoux test is an extremely useful but much neglected diagnostic aid, even in adult life. There have been many arguments as to the advantages and disadvantages of developing a Mantoux reaction; there are several aspects to be considered now that it is established that 50% to 55% of the population reach adult life without becoming reactors and 20% remain nonreactors for life. To my mind, the most important is that it is a risk to be exposed to a tuberculous infection which will produce a very doubtful asset; it has been shown that in addition to the actual mortality involved with the primary infection, there is a very obvious morbidity in the case of cervical adenitis and bone tuberculosis as seen at a children's hospital. Surely we


In this work we study an extended Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation and a system of KP equations. We show that the extension terms do not kill the integrability of typical models. Hereman's simplified method is used to justify this goal. Multiple soliton solutions will be derived for each model. The analysis highlights the effects of the extension terms on the dispersion relations, and hence on the structures of the solutions.


PRéCIS:: Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy has a significantly better hypotensive effect than trabeculectomy and a higher success rate in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension.

PURPOSE
To compare the ocular hypotensive effect of combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy (CTT) with mitomycin-C (MMC) to that of trabeculectomy with MMC in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Thirty eyes of thirty patients with high intraocular pressure (IOP) after vitrectomy and silicone oil injection (followed by silicone oil removal) were randomly allocated to 2 groups in this randomized trial. Group A was composed of 15 cases who underwent combined CTT with MMC while group B cases contained 15 cases undergoing trabeculectomy with MMC. Patients were followed up for 12 months. We included patients > 18 years old, having performed vitrectomy and silicone oil injection followed by oil removal, and having IOP > 21▒mmHg uncontrollable by anti-glaucoma medications.

RESULTS
The postoperative IOP drop was significantly greater in group A than in group B at all follow up visits (P < 0.05). Compared to preoperative IOP, both surgeries produced a significantly lower postoperative IOP at all follow up visits (P < 0.05). For group A, complete success rates (IOP≤21▒mmHg without ocular hypotensive medications) and qualified success rates (IOP≤ 21▒mmHg with or without ocular hypotensive medications) were both higher than for group B.

CONCLUSION
Both surgeries effectively reduce IOP in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension, but CTT has a significantly better hypotensive effect and a higher success rate on the long-term.


Background: While permissive hypercapnia is commonly practised in critical care, it remains unclear if the comparable manoeuvres are clinically acceptable during anaesthesia. This retrospective study aimed at describing the anaesthetic implications of hypercapnia associated with deliberate hypoventilation during thoracic surgery in patients with severe emphysema.


Let $M$ be a 3-manifold with a finite set $X(M)$ of conjugacy classes of representations $\rho:\pi_1(M)\to$SU$_2$. We study here the distribution of the values of the Chern-Simons function CS$:X(M)\to \mathbb{R}/2\pi\mathbb{Z}$. We observe in some examples that it resembles the distribution of quadratic residues. In particular for specific sequences of $3$-manifolds, the invariants tends to become equidistributed on the circle with white noise fluctuations of order $|X(M)|^{-1/2}$. We prove that for a manifold with toric boundary the Chern-Simons invariants of the Dehn fillings $M_{p/q}$ have the same behaviour when $p$ and $q$ go to infinity and compute fluctuations at first order.


Aim To study artemether(Art) induced lipid peroxidation in Schistosoma japonicum Methods In vitro,thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARs),the indicator of lipid peroxidation,were detected in five week old paired worms incubated without or with Art and/or hemin for 24 h In vivo,TBARs were detected in male worms freshly recovered from mice 6~24 h after treatment with Art 300mg/kg Results Though Art or hemin alone had no effect on the basal TBARs levels,a combination of Art(15~60μmol/L)and hemin(10~50μmol/L)led to a significant TBARs increase in the parasite in vitro The drug effect on the parasite demonstrated in vivo After male worms were exposed to Art for 12~24 h in vivo,the TBARs levels were significantly increased in a time related pattern Conclusion Art showed a heme dependent inducement of lipid peroxidation in schistosomes


The porblems caused by low hot metal ratio and low dephosphorization rate was solved by multi-functional refining in converter at Fujian Sansteel.Based on thermodynamics and experiments,the temperature range for dephosphorization was obtained.The factors influencing on dephosphorization were analyzed and suitable slag basicity and(FeO) content in molten slag were determined.The results show such refining makes the end phosphorus content to meet the requirements for high quality steel,and product cost can be reduced.


Tidal TV is an online video advertising, optimization, and yield management solutions provider. Their current business strategy includes purchasing online video advertising inventory from content providers and delivering ads to their clients, using demographic targeting to maximize value. The problem is to develop, test, and simulate the best bidding strategies for both second price and first price auctions and then to identify the tradeoffs of using the optimized strategies over current existing strategies. Tidal TV will then incorporate learning from this exercise to further develop strategies to bid for online video ads.


Muscle Tensing Produces larger axial forces, stress redistribution within bones, increase in effective mass and stiffness, altered kinematics, and less excursion and smaller joint rotations [1]. Voluntary and reflexive muscle activation of vehicle driver is modeled by active joint element at each anatomical joint position (e.g., shoulder, knee, spine, and etc.). There are two basic elements at each joint, i.e., passive kinematic joint element and torque actuator. Assuming that a co‐contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles stiffens the joint articulation, spring constant and damping coefficient of the passive kinematic joint element are adjusted for the different level of co‐contraction, which is considered as a major mechanism of voluntary muscle activation. A vestibular reflexive muscle activation for the posture stabilization is modeled by active torque with PID close loop control. Active torque, the control signal is a sum of proportional, integral, and derivative terms between current and reference states of the joint angle.


Human c‐KIT oncogene is known to regulate cell growth and proliferation, and thus, acts as a probable target in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors (GIST). To identify small molecule ligands which can specifically bind with the G‐quadruplex (G4) in the c‐KIT promoter region as potential antitumor agents, we propose the combination of electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), capillary electrophoresis frontal analysis (CE‐FA), and Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA) to accurately investigate the G4/ligands binding properties. First, ESI–MS was used for initial screening of natural products (NPs). CE‐FA was then used to calculate specific binding constants and the stoichiometry of the native state binding pair in solution. Next, TDA, a micro‐capillary flow technique was used to examine the effect of the ligand binding on the diffusivity and particle size of the c‐KIT G4. Two of the screened NPs, scopolamine butylbromide (L1) and isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐neohesperidoside (L3), were found to specifically bind to the c‐KIT G4 with binding constants of around 104 M–1 and 1:1 stoichiometry in a free solution. TDA data showed that ligand binding (both L1 and L3) induced the c‐KIT strands to fold into a tightly structured G4 with a decreased hydrodynamic radius. These ligands have the potential to be drug candidates for the regulation of c‐KIT gene transcription by stabilizing the G4 structure. This methodology not only increased the speed of analysis but also improved its accuracy and specificity compared with the conventional binding approaches.


This study aimed to empirically develop a reliable and valid model specifically for measuring service quality of sport conferences as sport event tourism. To assess the model which has been established based on the survey, data gathered from 136 of attendees in sport conference. Finding of this study showed that participants form their service quality perceptions based on their evaluations of 4 primary dimensions including: venue quality, conference quality, access quality and trip quality. Total variance of these dimensions explained %53.82 variance of services quality. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that each of the four factors influence on the services quality, and the fit indices confirmed the conceptual model that presented in this study (Chi-Square=85.456, df=23, P=0.001, RMSEA=0.142). As a result, it is recommended to conference organizer and tourism managers, to considering these factors next to each other in order to increase and improve the service quality.


Study of the structure of optical crystals and defects in them is one of the most important problems in crystal physics, crystallography and material science. Nowadays, study of the nanostructures, including the linear defects in crystals is of particular importance. Defects, and first and foremost linear imperfections of the crystal structure, significantly reduce the operational physical properties of optical crystals. Analysis of the properties of those defects, their orientation in the crystal lattice, as well as developing of the methods for determination of the crystallographic orientation of linear defects are the most important in view of the possibility of improving the properties of optical crystals. A method for rapid determination of the crystallographic orientation of linear defects (dislocations, clusters, linearly extended bulk inclusions, etc.) in optical crystals is presented. The orientation of a linearly extended micropore in an isotropic optical transparent fluorite crystal was determined using an optical microscope. The readings of the scale of the eyepiece drum were recorded when rotating the crystal fixed in the crystal holder of the microscope. Corrections for the refraction of light in the bulk of the crystal were taken into account analytically. The crystallographic orientation of the microporous in a transparent fluorite crystal was studied in detail. Crystallographic indices of micropore orientation corresponded to [100]. We developed an efficient rapid procedure for determination of the orientation of internal linear defects (imperfections) in optically isotropic crystals using an optical microscope. The restrictions imposed on the angles of crystal rotation depending on the value of the refractive index are considered for the given method of determination.


Developments in technology and science in the last two centuries have greatly increased the effect of human to the nature and to its modifier effect on the landscape. With the impact of globalization, especially in urban areas, the increase in zoning regulations, which allow construction in urban areas, such as shopping centers, mass housing, exemplifies the development of a lifestyle based on consumption, not production. The fast-living, fast-consuming urban people profile has gradually begun to create standard living spaces that are more like each other and loss of distinctive natural and cultural landscape features. The Cittaslow Union (Slow City Association) has emerged in cities that have lost their rural, regional and traditional features, and are moving away from the natural world. Natural and cultural landscapes have an important place within these changes and disappearing features. There are a total of 14 slow cities in Turkey that are members of the Union. In order to become a member of the Union, it is necessary to develop and implement projects to realize the criteria set by the Union. In the current situation, there are a total of 72 criteria in the 7 policy titles of the union. The purpose of this study is to discuss whether the association has an effective role in the conservation of landscape areas. In this context; Cittaslow's (Slow City Association) environmental policies were examined along with infrastructure policies, urban quality of life policies, and policy criteria for agriculture, tourism and craftsmen. Cittaslow (Slow City Association) criterias, those who have influence on the preservation and sustainability of natural and cultural landscapes, have been evaluated in the context of the slow cities of Akyaka, Halfeti and Gökçeada, which are members of the Union of Turkey.


In the past several months, sports fans have been saturated with high-profile sporting events in this country and abroad. We have watched some of the world's best athletes compete and have seen the thrill of victory and the agony of defeat. Victory seems to boost city and national pride, and defeat may be associated with national disgrace and/or mourning. It is clear that the population has endless adulation for sports heroes. The number of young and not so young who wear logo jackets, caps, shirts, shoes, etc. is astonishing—it is a billion dollar business. Perhaps it relates in part to the need to belong, to be part of something exciting. There is a tremendous sense of unity and comraderie when one joins a stadium full of cheering fans. Victory, especially over a hated rival, seems to suffuse the happy throng with a glow of success and acomplishment. Maybe this all helps to make some people forget about their unhappy or humdrum lives. Even with the skyrocketing salaries of top athletes, we merely shrug our shoulders. We feel much more outraged by the multimillion dollar salaries of CEOs of the for profitmanaged care organizations. A few nights ago I watched our local major league baseball team play a game. The star makes as much money in five games as I make all year. Does the home run he hit that night have that much intrinsic value? From the accompanying cheers and applause, one would have thought so. Does the school teacher in elementary school who makes only a tiny fraction of his salary but molds the citizens of tomorrow have a more important job? I definitely think so. What about the fans who attend these sporting events? Are the riots at some soccer games just a natural extension of team loyalty or do they reflect some deeper rage that can only be displayed openly at the stadium? When people are maimed or killed at such events, it is difficult to justify such behavior as "zeal" for one's team. One sports commentator made an interesting tongue-in-cheek suggestion that we switch audiences at sporting events. The quiet and polite crowds at the U.S. Open (golf) would certainly tone down the World Cup audience. Similarly, the rowdy soccer fans would change the world of professional golf forever. Many young fans are clearly trying to emulate sports heroes. As role models, however, they generally don't measure up too much when one considers the totality of their personal and professional lives. On the one hand, we have a Dennis Rodman of the victorious Chicago Bulls; at the other end of the spectrum we have a a Lee Jantzen who quietly carried his own bag before the fourth and final round of the U.S. Open to help his caddy out. He is a winner in every sense. Although some athletes do provide good role models, they are the small minority. The best picture at the World Cup was the American and Iranian soccer players smiling, shaking hands and posing for friendly group photos. The score of the subsequent game paled in importance by comparison. Our obsession with sports has fueled television (ESPN ESPN2, CNN-S1 and all the major networks), the newspaper (always thick, separate section), magazines (hundreds) plus the internet and any other communication medium you can think of. What should we make of all this sporting frenzy as it relates to our every day work of caring for patients and their health? The following summarizes some of my thoughts:


Fast Schlieren imaging was performed to visualize the interactions between previously produced laser breakdown and a subsequent laser pulse. A pair of laser pulses was used to generate successive breakdowns in the quiescent standard air, and the interval between the pulses was varied from 50 ns to 100 μs to experimentally simulate various laser repetition rates. The incident laser energies ranged from 5 mJ to 31 mJ, and the energy absorbed by the breakdown of the second laser pulse was quantified by measuring the energies before and after the breakdown. The results indicate that the second laser pulse coupled to the background gas and produced a second laser breakdown only when the pulse interval was shorter than 250 ns or longer than 15 μs. For the shorter pulse intervals, the second breakdown occurred at the edge of the first breakdown region along the laser beam path, and its effect on the perturbation of the density field was found to be small. On the other hand, for the longer pulse intervals, the second breakdown occurred at the lens focal point, and the density field perturbations caused by the first and second breakdowns seemed to interact with each other inducing the Richtmyer-Mechkov instability. As a result, more significant turbulence in the density field was observed after successive laser pulse breakdowns than was observed following a single breakdown.


We have conducted a series of factorial experiments involving the application of the fungicide benomyl to reduce mycorrhizal infection, and of phosphate, to ascertain whether mycorrhizal fungi contribute to fitness in the winter annual grass Vulpia ciliata ssp. ambigua and whether any such contribution can be ascribed to increased P uptake. Experiments were set up at four sites in East Anglia (UK) where the grass grows with large differences in the natural intensity of mycorrhizal infection. At one site, the factorial experiment was nested within an irrigation treatment. In addition, we performed experiments to test the yield response of V. ciliata to added P. Plant response to P was slight: a small stimulus at very low addition rates and a depression at high rates (...)


Asset management is a component that must be implemented properly so that an organization or institution can run effectively and efficiently in increasing its revenue. This study was conducted on Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Pledo Village, Witihama District, East Flores Regency, about how to apply the asset management. The purpose of this study is to describe the storms in which asset management is applied to the Pledo Village Medical and Education Agency in accordance with the theory by Siregar which include several important aspects, namely asset inventory, legal audit, asset valuation, asset optimization, monitoring and control. The type of the research used in this study was qualitative research (Descriptive) with observation technique, interviews and documentation or pict the picture. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that asset management of Pledo Village has not yet going well. This is because there is still a lack of competence or insight from human resources regarding good asset management, then the absence of a single audit process that has been carried out, and the absence of required retaliation related to an asset management information system capable of accommodating all activites carried out by BUMDes Pledo.


Thank you for downloading counseling in the rehabilitation process community services for mental and physical disabilities. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this counseling in the rehabilitation process community services for mental and physical disabilities, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer.


Creative ideas fuel modern organizations and are increasingly salient in times of change. However, novelty—one defining characteristic of creative ideas—is associated with risk. That being said, highly creative ideas tend to represent the most potential, relative to the value they add to organizations and their members. How can leaders increase the odds of successfully transforming high-potential creative ideas into innovative realities? This chapter reviews the most current research findings on optimizing high-potential creative ideas to render the innovation advances they promise. It summarizes and exemplifies the following four leadership lessons: 1) change agents, 2) supportive leadership, 3) integrating multiple perspectives from assorted stakeholders, and 4) facilitating creative employee behavior in the workplace. Research suggests that effectively capitalizing on high-potential ideas in organizational settings requires active leadership that involves a mastery of the competencies of relevant change agents, as the development of new ideas requires rigorous in-context management of the change process. Leaders need to show two-dimensional support of tasks and individuals, not only to provide resources and assistance as needed, but also to facilitate proactive behaviors by challenging employees to depart from the status quo. The successful leader, above all, recognizes that capitalizing on creativity is a social process that requires contributions from multiple viewpoints, and that various stakeholders need to be involved.


This report continues the work presented in NACA-TM 605 and expands the scope to include the change in specific number of wrinkles from direction x to z, so that b and f become variable in direction z. Moreover, it seems likely that b and f increase from the edge toward the center if the sheet is infinitely thin.


Conceptual design phase plays a paramount role and is the commencement in designing of any airplane. The decisions which are made during this phase affects the later success of the airplane. The design of the airplane needs to meet certain challenging prerequisites which really affect the performance of the airplane. The main facets of design involve propulsion, aerodynamics, structures, etc. So, the designer is required to keep all these things in his/her mind before designing the airplane. The aircraft industries are coming up with novel designs for constructing planes which are capable of carrying heavy payloads, improving overall efficiency and performance. The asymmetric design of the airplane is being explicated in this paper; Rutan Boomerang is a multi-engine aircraft which is nifty when one of the engine founders to work properly. So, the other engine can be used in place of the failed one. The twin multi engine aircraft becomes difficult to modulate due to its asymmetric thrust. The wings are forward swept which means that the leading edge and quarter chord line sweeps forward. The asymmetrical design facilitates in increasing the speed of the airplane and also there is no need to use small engines. Many of the misadventures take place due to the engine failure. So, this airplane is very efficacious when one of the engines is inoperative and the second engine proffer redundancy.


The elastic modulus of tissue as a useful biomarker of disease detection can be quantitatively evaluated based on shear wave speed (SWS) measurements in shear wave elastography. Although the longitudinal wave speed (LWS) is also expected to be a promising biomarker for disease detection, the elasticity is not always dominant because the LWS is affected by the bulk modulus. In other words, LWS and SWS may reflect different tissue properties. Therefore, in this study, based on the improvement in LWS measurement, the relationship between the composition of a phantom mixed with agar and glycerol and ultrasonically measured LWS and SWS was investigated. The LWS had a good sensitivity in detecting glycerol, while the SWS had a good sensitivity in detecting agar. The calculated Poisson's ratio had a better sensitivity in detecting agar. In conclusion, a simultaneous measurement of LWS and SWS may help identify the tissue composition.


Convolutional neural network (CNN) has an outstanding performance in image classification via extracting highly effective features automatically. However, when CNN is applied to target recognition of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, overfitting problem exists since the lack of sufficient labelled SAR images. Hence, based on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) benchmark dataset, the authors proposed the Adaptive-Convnet, it has a strong generalisation ability and has a good performance in different testing conditions. Besides, they also studied the transfer learning method to transfer knowledge learned from simulated SAR data to real SAR image recognition, to achieve the purpose of expanding the data set at low cost. When they substitute a part of real T72 images from MSTAR with more simulated T72 SAR images and reduce the dataset bias and enhance transferability in the last three convolution layers, the classification accuracy improved.


We present a case of giant mitral valve vegetation in a 68-year-old woman who was admitted to our ward in septic shock. On transoesophageal echocardiography, a large (45 × 28 mm), mobile, hyperechoic mass was seen on the mitral valve (Figs. 1, 2). Mild mitral regurgitation was present. The patient underwent urgent surgery. Intraoperatively, a large vegetation was found on the anterior mitral valve leaflet. After removal of the infected tissue, a bioprosthetic valve was implanted (Fig. 3). Blood cultures revealed the presence of Streptococcus agalactiae. The postoperative course was uneventful. Group B Streptococcus, also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, is a gram-positive organism frequently colonising the female genito-urinary tract. It is a rare cause of infective endocarditis (1.7%) and concerns the mitral valve in about 50% of cases. The disease is found frequently in immune-compromised patients and is associated with a significant rate of complications and mortality rates of 20–50%. The presence of large vegetations and frequent embolic complications are attributed to a lack of fibrinolysin in S. agalactiae. We did not note embolic complications, but the vegetation found in our patient was to the best of our knowledge the largest ever reported. As S. agalactiae can be less susceptible to penicillin than other Streptococci, the addition of gentamycin or ceftriaxone with gentamycin is recommended. Echocardiographic examination plays an important role in early diagnosis and is crucial for choosing an appropriate method of treatment. Antibiotic therapy combined with early surgery, especially in cases with a large vegetation, is in our opinion the treatment of choice.


A novel supervising technique, based on different time-delay recognition scheme, to monitor the switch fabric of optical cross-connect (OXC) is proposed. This method features fast detection, high reliability, and switch fault location.


Along with the rapid implementation of health protocols during the pandemic, the ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy has issued a guidebook on the implementation of Cleanliness, Healthy, Safety and Environment (CHSE) in the tourism sector. CHSE is made based on the Decree of the Minister of Health concerning Health Protocols in Public Places and Facilities in the Framework of Prevention and Control of Covid-19. CHSE is not only applied in hotels but also in homestays in tourist villages. The lack of knowledge from homestay managers about CHSE is the background to the need for training on the implementation of CHSE. Community service activities are collaboration of STIEPARI Semarang community service team with The Tourism and Sports Office of Pemalang Regency and conducted in a structured three stages of activities, starting with a survey on the level of understanding of CHSE to the homestay management community followed by focus group discussion activities and closed with training on CHSE. This community service is intended for homestay managers who are selected from four selected tourism villages, namely Penggarit Village, Surajaya Village, Kaliprau Village and Sikasur Village. The final hope of CHSE training is that homestay managers can help prevent and control Covid-19 for people in public places and facilities in order to prevent the occurrence of new epicenters or clusters during the pandemic and the main thing is the safety of tourists who stop by tourist villages during the pandemic.


The specific of creating a national mapping of the world in the prose by A.Aminev is discussed. Its genre and style originality, inner deep connection with traditional culture, history and world-view are not well known yet. In the article there is given the analysis of the author's poetic manner. The role and the position of national and artistic traditions in the prose of Bashkir writer are defined.


by Dr. Fleming's observations. Dr. Fleming did experinents in a case of obliteration of the bile duct in wlich there was practically no metabolism of fat. In this condition the respiratory quotient was lowered by the fat, showing that free fat interfered witlh carbolhydrate -metabolismn. In understanding questions of nutrition the study of the respiratory quotient was of very great value. Finkelstein taught that an infant should be fed:according to exp,ected weiglht and not according to actual weight, and Dr. Fleming's results showed that this was oorrect. No (loubt otlher tlheories and other problems in nutrition would be hielped by these studies.


We calculate BSM hadronic matrix elements for $K^0-\bar K^0$ mixing in the Dual QCD approach (DQCD). The ETM, SWME and RBC-UKQCD lattice collaborations find the matrix elements of the BSM density-density operators $\mathcal{O}_i$ with $i=2-5$ to be rather different from their vacuum insertion values (VIA) with $B_2\approx 0.5$, $B_3\approx B_5\approx 0.7$ and $B_4\approx 0.9$ at $\mu=3~GeV$ to be compared with $B_i=1$ in the VIA. We demonstrate that this pattern can be reconstructed within the DQCD through the non-perturbative meson evolution from very low scales, where factorization of matrix elements is valid, to scales of order $(1~GeV)$ with subsequent perturbative quark-gluon evolution to $\mu=3~GeV$. This turns out to be possible in spite of a very different pattern displayed at low scales with $B_2=1.2$, $B_3=3.0$, $B_4=1.0$ and $B_5\approx 0.2$ in the large $N$ limit, $N$ being the number of colours. Our results imply that the inclusion of meson evolution in the phenomenology of any non-leptonic transition like $K^0-\bar K^0$ mixing and $K\to\pi\pi$ decays is mandatory. While meson evolution, as demonstrated in our paper, is hidden in LQCD results, to our knowledge DQCD is the only analytic approach for non-leptonic transitions and decays which takes this important QCD dynamics into account.


As one critic observed sourly in 1775, 'Officers in the army, even those in the most subaltern grades, have the misfortune to be considered as gentlemen [. . . ] a denomination of persons who [. . . ] are divided from the common herd of mankind and are obliged to form a barrier between those two orders, (as there is none in nature), by the luxuries of dress, equipage and attendance.'1 Junior officers' pay rarely proved equal to maintaining their rank and, not surprisingly, the pursuit of preferment was a matter of overriding concern to this sub-class of the gentlemanly species. Preferment could be achieved by purchase, the system by which regimental commissions and promotions were bought, or through interest – the social and political influence of a friend.2 Subalterns took care to nurture the kin and social networks which might provide them with either money or patronage. Recent research has emphasised the importance of face-to-face contact in winning and keeping patrons, whether in a provincial context or in London, the hub of military interest.3 But for long-serving officers who had no particular attachment to any town or country – who might, indeed, be peripatetic for so long that family faces grew hazy in memory – social visibility had to be maintained through correspondence. Patronage networks usually began close to home before reaching out through more distant kin to maximise links to those of rank and influence, and letters to family and friends can be revealing of the uses officers made of correspondence


The significance of coastal habitat mapping lies in the need to prevent from anthropogenic interventions and other factors. Until 2015, Landsat-8 (30m) imagery were used as medium spatial resolution satellite imagery. So far, Sentinel-2 satellite imagery is very useful for more detailed regional scale mapping. However, the use of high resolution orthophoto maps, which are determined from UAV data, is expected to improve the mapping accuracy. This is due to small spatial resolution of the orthophoto maps (30 cm). This paper outlines the integration of UAS for data acquisition and Structure from Motion (SfM) pipeline for the visualization of selected coastal areas in the Aegean Sea. Additionally, the produced orthophoto maps analyzed through an object-based image analysis (OBIA) and nearest-neighbor classification for mapping the coastal habitats. Classification classes included the main general habitat types, i.e. seagrass, soft bottom, and hard bottom The developed methodology applied at the Koumbara beach (Ios Island - Greece). Results showed that UAS's data revealed the sub-bottom complexity in large shallow areas since they provide such information in the spatial resolution that permits the mapping of seagrass meadows with extreme detail. The produced habitat vectors are ideal as reference data for studies with satellite data of lower spatial resolution.


A new method for preparing a solid inclusion compound was developed. A physical mixture of benzoic acid and α-or β-cyclodextrin (CD) or the ground mixture was sealed in a container after adsorbing a definite amount of water vapor, then heated to a temperature ranging from 43 to 142 °C. The results of powder X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy showed that the crystalline inclusion compound was produced when the container was heated at over 70°C. The combining molar ratio of benzoic acid to α-CD in the inclusion compound prepared by this method was higher than that obtained by the coprecipitation method. Physical mixtures of benzoic acid and α-or β-CD were also sealed in a stainless steel vessel under nitrogen gas pressure, then heated to 127 °C. The pressurized samples had a higher combination ratio than the non-pressurized samples.


The Sentinel‐1 satellite mission will enable global strain rate mapping from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and GPS data, and methods to combine these data in velocity fields will become increasingly important. Here we use InSAR to measure interseismic deformation in Eastern Turkey, across a ∼250,000 km2 area that spans the Arabia‐Eurasia plate boundary zone. From our InSAR data we first estimate slip rates and locking depths for the North and East Anatolian Faults (NAF and EAF) of 20 ± 3 mm/yr and ∼16 km and 11 ± 3 mm/yr and ∼16 km, respectively, but we also combine the InSAR data with existing GPS velocity measurements to construct high‐resolution velocity and strain rate fields across the region for the first time. We calculate 2‐D and 3‐D velocity fields and find that strain is mainly localized across the NAF and EAF and that there is negligible differential vertical motion across the Eastern Anatolian plateau. We also show that high‐resolution 2‐D strain rate fields can be calculated from InSAR alone, even in the absence of GPS data. We fit a block model to our velocity field and estimate slip rates of ∼21 mm/yr and ∼8 mm/yr for the NAF and EAF, showing that our previous estimates differ from these values because they neglected crustal rotation. Although this rotation is an important component of the velocity field in Eastern Turkey, systematic residuals between our velocity field and the best fitting block for Anatolia suggest that the region is not block‐like as proposed by previous authors.


Workplace spirituality or spirituality at workplace is a concept which is gaining momentum in academic research as well as business organizations. This is not only because of the individual's need to search for meaning through work but also because of the benefits associated with it for organizations. Organizational effectiveness is another such concept no organization can afford to disregard. In this article, along with different perspectives of spirituality at workplace and organizational effectiveness, the possible relationship between these two concepts has been explored through their associated organization related concepts.


The transformation of reference services in academic libraries in the era of information technology has a significant impact on librarians. Librarians need to address transformation properly to design the right services. The University of Indonesia (UI) library has undergone this transformation since a decade ago and continues to adapt to existing developments. Various service concepts were developed to suit users' demands, including by providing online-based services and utilizing social media to communicate with users. This study aimed to explore how reference librarians interpreted this transformation and what they should do. The research method used qualitative methods with the phenomenological method narrated descriptively. The research informants consisted of 13 librarians and seven reference librarians. Data analysis showed that librarians'significance for transforming reference services resulted in 4 important themes that were interpreted as influencing their work as reference librarians. The four themes were digital-based library services, expansion of access, policy, and promotion. This research concludes that users and librarians' practice of significance for the transformation of reference services results in the digital libraries' concept, which requires expansion of access, relevant policies, and social media optimization for service promotion. The practice of significance related to communication patterns with reference users in the digital era effectively uses email and chatting on the WhatsApp application.


The set of operations of the parallel algorithm for implementation on the GPU must be split into computation threads. The threads must be grouped into computation units that run atomically on stream processors, also called multiprocessors. For good GPU performance, it is important that as much data as possible can fit into fast register and shared memory, otherwise slow global and local memory are used. The degree of memory usage with fast access reflects the computational property of the algorithm, called locality. When implementing algorithms on multiprocessor computing devices, the use of locality plays a crucial role in achieving high performance. In this paper, necessary conditions and sufficient conditions have been formulated and proved, the use of which allows receiving threads with privatized data, i. e. it allows to receive such computation threads that the array element is used only by one thread and therefore it is advisable to place it in the register.


This article explores the definition, theoretical value, practical value and the judgment of the formation of illegal possession in criminal law from the special angle which is quite different from the traditional research. The author states that the formation time of illegal possession, to which great importance needs to be attached, is the new research question in relation to the study on the purpose of illegal possession and reasonable conviction and penalty.


High-molecular-weight atactic poly(vinyl alcohol) (a-PVA) gels loaded with (R,S)-2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid (ketoprofen) were prepared from 5, 6, 7, and 8 g/dL solutions of a-PVA with a number-average degree of polymerization of 4000 in an ethylene glycol/water mixture with an aging method to identify the effect of the initial polymer concentration on the swelling behavior, morphology, and thermal properties of a-PVA gels. Then, the release behavior of ketoprofen from a-PVA gels was investigated. As the polymer concentration decreased, the ability for network formation decreased, and the degree of swelling of the a-PVA gels increased. In addition, the enthalpy increased with an increase in the a-PVA concentration, but the melting temperatures of the gels prepared at different initial polymer concentrations were the same; this indicated that tighter gel networks would be formed by a higher polymer chain density. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007


This study was aimed at (1) analyzing kinds of non-verbal communications used by English teachers during the teaching and learning process, (2) revealing what kinds of teachers' non-verbal communications affect students' motivation during the learning process in the classroom, (3) discussing the contribution of non-verbal communications in English education. This study was a descriptive qualitative study conducted at SMPN 3 Banjar. The data were collected by video recording, questionnaire administration, and interviewing. There were 2 English teachers involved as the subject of this research, and 40 students of eighth grade in different classes were involved. The results of the study indicate teachers' non-verbal communication in SMPN 3 Banjar meets the seventh kinds of non-verbal communication proposed by Burgoon, Buller, and Woodall, (1994) as cited in Birjandi and Nushi (2014). It was also found that there are some kinds of non-verbal communication that affect students' motivation, namely facial expression, body movement, gestures, proxemics (proximity), haptics (touch), eye contact, and paralanguage. Gestures and paralanguage are considered as non-verbal communication that gives contribution to English education.


Fuel cell, comprising: a pair of spaced bipolar plates (22, 24); a membrane (26) is positioned between the bipolar plates (22, 24); and positioned an element (28) with a positive temperature coefficient, the shaped in a in the membrane (26) (opening (30) and electrically connected between the bipolar plates (22, 24) is connected, wherein at the start of the fuel cell (the element 28) has a through the fuel cell generated voltage as long as limited until the fuel cell has reached a normal operating temperature; characterized, in that in the opening (30) between the element (28) and one of the bipolar plates (24) a spring (34) is positioned.


Liquid/solid and liquid/liquid (LL) transition temperatures were measured by means of an automated device that monitors the light passing through the systems as a function of T at different constant cooling or heating rates q. For pure polyethylene oxide (PEO) crystallization and melting temperatures depend on |q|0.3 and become identical at the equilibrium transition temperature Tm=61.0 °C in the limit of infinitely slow cooling/heating. The reduction of Tm for PEO dissolved in tetrahydronaphthalene (THN) yields information on the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter ξ between these two compounds; ξ results negative and decreases markedly with rising polymer concentration. A tentative explanation for this finding is offered. The binary blend between PEO and poly(ethylene oxide-block-dimethylsiloxane) (COP, Tm=0 °C) exhibits a much more complex phase diagram than the system THN/PEO. An additional and extended miscibility gap (LL) is observed at high temperatures and there is no experimental evidence of an...


Introduction This study was conducted to determine if university admissions criteria and student learning style were predictors of academic performance and degree completion of college agriculture students. Freshmen enrolled in the University of Missouri's College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, in the fall semesters of 1997 (n = 245) and 1998 (n = 197), participated. ACT, high school core GPA, and high school class rank were investigated as predictors of academic performance and degree completion, in addition to students' preferred learning styles. Regression analysis was utilized to determine the variance in students' cumulative GPA at the completion of five academic years. Step-wise discriminant analysis was performed to build a predictive model for degree completion. Using the Davis (1971) correlation conventions, a low, positive relationship was found between students' preferred learning style and academic performance for both academic years. The best predictor of students' academic performance for both groups, as determined by cumulative college GPA, was their high school core GPA. For both groups, learning style was not a predictor of students' cumulative GPA. High school core GPA was found to have limited value in predicting agriculture students' degree completion rates.


Deliberate self-harm and the attribution of intentionality – that sufferers are choosing to harm themselves – have become dominant constructs within mainstream Western mental health care. The aim of this paper is to explore the author's privileged positioning as internal consultant, whereby psychological knowledge was used to explain why a chronically excluded homeless adult refused an invitation to reside inside. The attribution of intention to an individual perceived as engaging in deliberate self-harm is explored over three psychological case discussions with staff. A critique is offered that psychologised attributions merely add to patients' existing predicaments and psychosocial dismemberment. Scanlon and Adlam's seminal work on reciprocal violence is referenced as a critique, that instead of choosing to harm oneself, subjects are communicating to carers their internalised experiences of interpersonal violation and neglect which have in turn given rise to violent states of mind. The paper could be used as a reflective aid to facilitate clinicians and scholars to consider how to digest violent and unthinkable material, and consider one's own personal obstacles to thinking about unhoused minds and psychosocial dismemberment.


The saturated vapor pressures were measured for samples of mole fraction purity of 0.9998 of 2-ethoxyphenol over the temperature range (380.221 to 486.033) K by comparative ebulliometry. Replicate measurements were performed to estimate precision measures for all measured data. The experimental data were correlated by means of the multiresponse maximum likelihood method, and overall measures of data reproducibility are given. The Antoine and the Frost–Kalkwarf-type equations were used. Variance–covariance parameters were reported for the Antoine equation. The calculation of molar enthalpy of vaporization from saturated vapor data is discussed, and values of the calculated molar enthalpy of vaporization are reported. The value of vaporization enthalpy at normal boiling temperature is compared with literature data and corresponding values obtained by predictive methods.


This paper measures the size of the local employment multiplier of the "Tradable" sector on the "Non-Tradable" sector for Portugal using regional data for municipalities and NUTS3 regions in 1989, 1999, 2009, and 2019. We use several econometric estimators, including pooled OLS, random- and fixed-effects estimators, and instrumental variables estimators. The results from the various models estimated reveal a statistically significant employment multiplier ranging between 0.40 and 0.90 for NUTS3 regions and between 0.32 and 0.77 jobs for municipalities. On average, for each new 10 jobs in the "Tradable" sector, there is an increase of between 3 and 8 jobs in the "Non-Tradable" sector, across municipalities.


Around the world, environmental pollution is increasingly degrading the health of communities. This study aims to identify hygiene and sanitation problems and their impact on the health of learners at CEG Davié. The research methodology is based on documentary research, field surveys and interviews. A total of 162 people were questioned, including 150 learners, 04 members of the administration, 07 teachers and 01 health worker. The results obtained show that the CEG Davié does not have enough latrines, urinals according to 90% of learners, hand washing device according to 100% of learners, garbage management device according to 95% of respondents and that hygiene rules are not always observed. These situations expose the learners to different illnesses such as 36% malaria, 16% cases of vomiting, 12% cases of diarrhea, 32% cases of stomach ache and 4% cases of skin infections. To avoid these different cases of illness, each actor in the education system must fully play his role.


Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an oxidizer produced by water radiolysis, is considered one of the main contributors to corrosion of the stainless steel (SS) components in the cooling system of nuclear reactors. The detailed understanding of this chemical system is however still missing. The present research aimed to study the effects of H2O2 on 304 SS. The surface morphology and the chemical composition of the SS specimens after experiment were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The change in atomic % of Fe, Cr, Ni, and O as a function of temperature will be reported. The corrosion type and possible corrosion products will be proposed and discussed.


Dip catalysts suitable for catalyzing important chemical reactions are designed based on bioinspiration principles and are fabricated using a facile soft lithography technique. Specifically, in this work, leaves from two different plants, Gladiolus dalenii and Amaryllis belladonna are chosen, due to their contrasting surface topographical features. The surface microstructures of these two leaves are replicated on a polymer in order to prepare scaffolds for the fabrication of dip catalysts. The microstructures of these scaffolds are utilized to direct the self‐assembly of Pd nanoparticles according to the surface topographical features. A thin film of polyvinyl alcohol is used to lock the nanoparticles on the surface and prevent them from leaching. The fabricated bioinspired dip catalysts are thoroughly characterized and are demonstrated to be highly efficient for Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions, examined under different experimental conditions. These bioinspired dip catalysts' performance is evaluated based on the percentage yields of the reaction and is correlated with the corresponding surface topographical features to understand the effect of the scaffold architecture on the performance of the catalysts. The developed strategy can be easily adopted to fabricate many more dip catalysts, with intriguing surface features, suitable for catalyzing several other chemical reactions as well.


This study aims to identify extreme heat waves and tropical nights occurred in the Daegu region driven by climate change, and establish adaptation strategies to reduce urban disaster. Expert opinion and literature reviews show that the Daegu region is the most vulnerable regions in Korea under the climate change; therefore, many adaptation measures such as cool roofs, green roofs, building code improvements, reducing tools on surface temperature neighboring paved roads are widely used in the region. Extreme heat days and tropical nights have been similarly increased during the past 30 years. Spatial interpolation techniques (i.e., inverse distance weighting) based on 36 meteorological station around the Daegu region indicate that the heat waves is severely affected on the central parts of the region, where heavily distributed of fragile building and vulnerable groups including the elderly person. It is necessary to set priority for adaptation measures to reduce heat wave disaster on the central parts of the Daegu region than urban fringe.


This study analyzed the physical indices, food habits and nutrient intakes of patients with hypertension, to provide better research data for the prevention and the cure for disease as well as basic data for nutrition education. The subjects were 44 patients who visited the general hospital, located in Daegu, to receive hypertension treatment. The lifestyle, food habit, nutrient intakes, anthropometric measurements, body fat and blood pressure were measured as main indices. By the BMI, 72.8% of the patients were over weight or obesity(>23 ㎏/㎡). In the male group, the WHR tended to increase according to the BMI (p<0.05). In the female group, the body fat tended to increase according to the BMI (p<0.05). The group with more monthly income showed lower systolic blood pressure than the group with smaller monthly income (p<0.05). The scores about food habits concerning balanced diet and preference for salt were low, which implied that food habits of subjects were not desirable. The intakes of riboflavin and calcium didn't meet the RDA requirements. Especially, the lack of calcium was more apparent in the female patients than the male ones. Despite this, they had more than enough protein, vitamin C, and iron. The physical indices according to blood pressure revealed that the group of higher blood pressure showed greater WHR (p<0.001). The male group with higher systolic blood pressure showed greater BMI than one with lower systolic blood pressure (p<0.05). As for nutrient intakes according to blood pressure, the group with higher blood pressure had more sodium and iron than one with lower blood pressure (p<0.05). The patients with hypertension tended to be more overweight or obese, preferred salty foods, and were in an unbalanced state of nutrient intakes. Thus more systematic and ongoing measures should be pursued to take care of patients with hypertension.


The utility model discloses a police arms locker, including a body, a door, a door lock, an inner bin, an inner bin lock, a fingerprint sensor and a control unit of fingerprint acquisition and identification. The inner bin is a plurality of independent small lattices and each lattice has a wicket and one inner bin door lock. The inner bins are arranged in the body and both an outer door lock and the inner bin locks are electric lock. The fingerprint senor is arranged at the outer side of the body, connected with the control unit of fingerprint acquisition and identification which is installed in the arms locker. The outer door lock and the inner bin locks are respectively connected with the control unit of fingerprint acquisition and identification. The police arms locker of the utility model applies the recognition and verification technology of biology to the management of the police arms lock and the firearms, which ensures the implementation of the regulations and requirements about the police firearm safekeeping of the public security ministry and realizes the 'double person double lock' in addition to avoiding the haphazardry of gun use and ensuring the security of the gun storage. At the same time, the opening and closing of the arms locker is more save and more convenient and the access of the firearms is quicker and more convenient.


The mechanisms of atomic transport induced by ion irradiation generally fall into the categories of anisotropic or isotropic processes. Typical examples of these are recoil implantation and cascade mixing, respectively. Each possesses its own characteristic fluence dependence (linear and square-root, respectively), although both may occur concurrently. In this case, these processes can be distinguished by carefully examining the fluence dependence at low fluences (less that 1015cm-2). Parametric studies can produce added insight. We have measured the interaction of these processes in the mixing of Ti/SiO2/Si, Cr/SiO2/Si and Ni/SiO2/Si multi-layers irradiated with Xe at fluences of 0.01 - 10x1015cm-2. The fluence dependence of net metal transport into the underlying layers was measured with different thicknesses of SiO2 and different sample temperatures during irradiation (-196 to 500C). There is a linear dependence at low fluences. The initial slope depends on the sample temperature. At high fluences, a square-root behavior predominates. For thin SiO2 layers ( The detailed analysis allows us to speculate on the role of chemical reaction kinetics in controlling the outcome of intra-cascade processes. There is no significant correlation between the reactivity of the metal with SiO2 and the amount of mixing observed when the irradiations are performed at 25C or below. The contribution from primary recoils is quite pronounced since the gross mixing is small. A significant correlation exists between the mixing and the energy deposited through elastic collisions FD. Several models are examined in an attempt to describe the transport process in Ni/SiO2. It is likely that injection of Ni by secondary recoil implantation is primarily responsible for getting Ni into the SiO2. There were a few more objections against the other conceivable limiting cases. Secondary recoil injection is thought to scale with FD. Trends in the mixing rates indicate that the dominant mechanism for Ti and Cr could be the same as for Ni. Nevertheless, the structure of the mixed region is very different for the three metals. The product of chemical reactions were identified with TEM and XPS. The low temperature results suggest that kinetic constraints are responsible for suppressing the chemical reactions that one might anticipate. The processes of atomic transport and phase formation clearly fail to be separable at higher temperatures. A positive correlation with chemical reactivity emerges at higher irradiation temperatures. This was not pursued beyond preliminary results reported for Ti or Cr. The temperature at which rapid mixing occurs is not much below that for spontaneous thermal reaction. Less Ni is retained in the SiO2 at high irradiation temperatures. Ni incorporated in the SiO2 by low temperature irradiation is not expelled during a consecutive high temperature irradiation. The Ni remains trapped within larger clusters during a sequential 500C irradiation.


SNSs recruitment has caused the change of the traditional recruitment mode due to its advantages such as broad audience, quick information transmission, low recruitment cost and good interpersonal interaction. Through questionnaire survey, the paper implements on a study on the situation that the college students use social networks to find jobs. It is found that social network platforms are popular with college students, but it is not widely used in social job hunting platforms. What is more, the job hunting effect is not obvious. Meanwhile, the user information is prone to leakage, and the job hunting information provided is in poor quality. The paper proposes that the social network job hunting platforms should take measures to perfect the service content, strengthen the technical level and improve the information security for the college students. Additionally, the college students should also make reasonable choices and correctly utilize the social recruitment platform to protect the personal information security and improve the job hunting efficiency.


Brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of various intracranial tumors, benign or malignant, primary and secondary, which develop due to the launch of the process of abnormal uncontrolled division of cells.
In the structure of the total cancer incidence, brain tumors account for 0.7-1.5 % cases. The distribution of primary brain tumors in the population ranges 4 to 14 (more often 5-7) per 100 thousand population. Whereby, in Ukraine the incidence of brain tumors in men is 10.2 per 100 thousand population, and among women 7.6 per 100 thousand population. The mortality rate ranks 3rd among all causes of death. Most often, the detection of this pathology is observed at the age of 20 to 50 years.
A sample analysis of 37 medical records of patients with brain tumors of different localization, who were having inpatient treatment in neurological departments of the Municipal Institution of the Sumy Regional Council "Sumy Regional Clinical Hospital" and the Municipal Non-profit Enterprise "Clinical Hospital No. 4" of the Sumy City Council in 2015-2017, was carried out.
Among the patients there were 14 (37.8 %) women and 23 (62.2 %) men. The mean age was 45.5 ± 3.8 years.
Instrumental examination was carried out over time using magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) and computer tomography with intravenous contrast enhancement over time (before and after surgery). The condition of the brain tissues was evaluated before and after surgical intervention, the localization and the presence/absence of secondary swelling of the brain tissue was determined.
The pathohistological study was conducted in the conditions of the certified laboratory of the Regional Municipal Institution of Sumy Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary.
Processing of statistical data was carried out using the licensed version of IBM SPSS Statistics 17 program.
Purpose and objectives of the study: to analyze topographic, histological and clinical peculiarities of brain tumors.
Our study established that space occupying lesions of the brain significantly more often were localized in the temporal lobes (16 patients – 43.2 %), most often was diagnosed astrocytoma, localized in the frontal areas (7 patients – 18.9 %).
During the analysis of the results of neurological examination of patients it was found that focal syndrome was significantly predominant in 20 (54.1 %) patients, among whom astrocytoma was verified in 18 (48.6 %) of the examined.
We have not found the dependence of the development of leading focal or hypertensive syndromes on the localization of brain tumors (р ˃ 0.5).
Secondary edema of peripheral brain tissues was diagnosed in 21 (56.8 %) patients. Astrocytoma – 11 (52.4% of the total number of patients with edema), was significantly more aggressive in terms of development of the studied complication.


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The nonlinear diffusion equation with general diffusivity D(c), namely oc = !__ (n(c) oc), ot ox {)x (1) arises in many important areas of science and technology and considerable attention has been given to the power law diffusivities D( c) = n( c + {3)"' where a, {J and m denote constants or with appropriate change of variables simply D(c) = c"'. It happens that the few known exact solutions of 8c _ },_ ( m tJc ) 8t ax c ox • (2) tum out to be similarity solutions, even though originally they were not derived as such. In this talk we present an overview of recent results relating to similarity solutions for nonlinear diffusion and related phenomena. In particular we consider the general nonlinear diffusion equation oc _ l !__ { m ,. I 8c IP 8c } 8t x ox c x {)z Bz ' (3) which includes a wide variety of different physical processes, where £, m, n and p denote arbitrary constants. We also consider high order nonlinear evolution equations of the form {)c ~ {}i ( m·) 8t = LJ a; {jzi c ' ' i=l (4) for certain real constants m; and a; denote any real constants. Equations of this general form include a number of standard equations such as the nonlinear diffusion equation, Burger's equation, the Kortewegde Vries equations and other equations which have been proposed for the flow of a thin viscous fluid sheet on an inclined bed and fluid flow in porous media. All of the above equations admit similarity solutions of the general form c(s,t) = x 0 4>(x/t13 ), (5) for certain constants a and f3 and the given partial differential equation may be reduced to an ordinary differential equation. For particular values of a and {J this ordinary differential equation admits a first integral and the question arises as to why special integrals exist for these particular parameter values. We show that these first integrals can be alternatively derived making use of the first order partial differential equation for c(z, t) rather than the explicit functional form (5). This approach presents similarity solutions in an entirely new light and by equal utilization of both the partial differential equation to be solved and the first order partial differential equation we are able to deduce previous integrals virtually immediately without 'reference to the underlying ordinary differential equation. Department of Mathematics University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW


Recent hypotheses on the early expansion of early modern humans out of Africa have emphasised the coastal route, crossing the Red Sea, following the coast of Arabia, India and eventually reaching insular SE Asia and Australia. Given the ca. 50,000 BP dates for these sites, a date of ca. 80,000 BP has been proposed for the preliminary move out of Africa. Indeed, this has been linked with the explosion of Mount Toba at this period. However, there is a striking lack of direct archaeological evidence for the greater part of this route; explanations for this lacuna are varied but none are wholly satisfactory. Nonetheless, there seems to be an array of linguistic, cultural and genetic evidence that links together relic populations throughout this area. The paper proposes that the Malagasy Vazimba, the Sri Lankan Vedda, the Andamanese, perhaps the Shom Pen of the Nicobar Islands, the Negritos of SE Asia all provide evidence for this early expansion. Recent proposals for features common to the languages of Africa and the Pacific will be considered in the light of this model. Roger Blench. Settlement of the rim of the Indian Ocean


Chromatographic separation based on surface area exclusion induced by the irreversible adsorption of the diblock copolymer poly(vinylpyridine)-polystyrene on silica from toluene solutions was investigated using a radiolabeled polymer. This characteristic of the copolymer enabled the number of adsorbed copolymers to be determined as a function of the plate number inside the chromatographic column. We find that the initial step of the surface coverage may be simulated by the random sequential adsorption of a mixture of unimers (isolated copolymer) and micelles (structured form). The influences of the relative length of the two PV2P blocks and the concentration of the copolymer solution on the chromatogram were investigated by simulation and experimentally


1. In the supernatant fraction isolated from the homogenate of scorbutic guinea pig gingiva, five lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes were always found by the starch gel electrophoresis, and the order of the activity was found to be LDH 2>LDH 1>LDH 3>LDH 4>LDH 5.2. The activity of LDH 1 and LDH 2 in scorbutic gingiva was about 1.4- and 2-fold respectively of the normal. However, the activity of LDH 3, LDH 4 and LDH 5 was not increased.3. In the supernatant fraction and the homogenate obtained from scorbutic gingiva, LDH activators were not found.


The halostibine complexes [CpFe(CO)2(SbMe2Br)][CF3SO3] and [CpFe(CO)2(SbMe2Br)][BF4] both contain significant interactions between the anion and the formally neutral Sb(III) ligand, which simultaneously displays Lewis acidic and Lewis basic properties. The unexpected secondary product [CpFe(CO)(Me2BrSb-μ-Br-SbBrMe2)] is formed in the presence of excess ligand, the strongly associated Br– anion bridging the two Sb donors to form a four-membered FeSb2Br ring.


Examples are presented that demonstrate various numerical phenomena associated with modern estimation. Many of the key numerical problems do not require high dimensionality or large numbers of arithmetic operations. Our goal is to alert estimation users and algorithm designers to the frailties still existent with modern computation. It is hoped that by showing how simple examples can "fall apart", one will be less tempted to relegate the use of sound numerical procedures to only the (known) difficult problems.


Chiral auxiliary (3S)-N,N′-bis(p-methoxybenzyl)-3-isopropylpiperazine-2,5-dione employs a chiral relay network based on non-stereogenic N-benzyl protecting groups to enhance diastereocontrol during enolate alkylation.


BACKGROUND
South Asians comprise the largest ethnic minority population in the UK. This subgroup is known to have an elevated risk of stroke. However, there is limited data on patterns of cerebrovascular disease and associated risk factors in this population.

AIM
The aim of this study was to analyse differences in stroke subtype and risk factor profile between South Asian and White stroke patients admitted to a central London teaching hospital.

DESIGN
Prospective database of all admissions to the St Mary's Hospital stroke unit.

METHODS
We examined ethnicity, stroke subtype and risk factor profile of consecutive patients admitted to the stroke unit between 8 October 2003 and 14 February 2007.

RESULTS
A total of 811 patients were identified of whom 736 had strokes. Four hundred and ninety-six (67%) occurred in the White subgroup, and 72 (10%) in the Asian subgroup. The South Asian subgroup was significantly younger (65 vs. 73 years in the White subgroup; P < 0.001). They had higher rates of hypertension (age adjusted frequency 87% vs. 64%; P < 0.0001), diabetes (54% vs. 15%; P < 0.0001), and hyperlipidaemia (70% vs. 45%; P = 0.001). There were lower rates of smoking (15% vs. 33%; P < 0.0001).There was a trend towards more lacunar infarcts and less total anterior circulation infarcts in South Asians, although after age adjustment this was not significant at the 5% level.

CONCLUSION
The South Asian subgroup has shown important differences in risk factor profile compared with the White population. The higher frequency of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia seen in this subgroup are an important consideration in designing secondary prevention programmes tailored specifically to this community.


Recently, a 'phonetically conditioned' prosody-selection was proposed to realize a target prosody in a conventional TTS output unit-sequence. Here, target prosody-profiles were identified conditioned on their underlying phonetic content with varying degrees of matching and over variable length time-scales that are long as possible. In this paper, we extend these results in two ways: a) we consider various unit-definitions in the 2nd-stage unit-selection with respect to their relative influence on the phonetic conditioning, and hence the nature of prosody selected and, b) show the applicability of the proposed framework to a class of prosodic-styles. The various unit definitions include different granularity (such as fine-category phones to various broad-category phones) and various contextual effects, varying from no context to immediate left-/right-contexts (triphones) and quad-phone contexts. The performance of the proposed framework is characterized using various objective measures, and bring out the effect of the unit-definitions on the prosody selection, and the viability of the framework for a range of prosody styles.


from the 13th Annual Natural Areas Conference, October 21-24, 1986. Vegetational composition of three tallgrass prairies with reference to past management. Solecki, Mary Kay. The author is beginning to document the 20 year-old public prairie program in Missouri. Her initial work describes and compares 12 different management units in three Missouri prairies. In general, she finds that management units which received the same type of management had the greatest similarity. A wildflower mix with a short life. Gilbert, O. Wildflower, Autumn 1986. Any number of wildflower mixes are now available to the general public as an alternative to either prairie plantings or high-maintenance lawns. Their advocates include such influential organizations as The National Wildlife Federation, whose backyard beautification program is often promoted on television. However, this research finds such mixes show little Winter 1987 Restoration & Management Notes 5:2


Higher education in India is passing through a phase of unprecedented expansion, marked by an explosion in the volume of students. The challenge of providing equal opportunities for quality higher education to ever- growing number of students is also a historic opportunity for correcting sectorial and social imbalances. The 12th Five Year Plan shall focus on utilizing this historic opportunity of expansion for deepening excellence and achieving equal access to quality higher education. During eleventh Plan, provision was made for setting up of 16 new Central Uni- versities and 374 Model Colleges in low Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) districts. But considerable challenges remain, access to higher education is still less than the minimum international threshold levels. Much greater challenges continue to exist with respect to quality and the provision of relevant education. To achievingthe objectives of access, inclusion and expan- sion, "RashtriyaUchchShikshaAbhiyan (RUSA)" aimed to achieve 25 percentnational level GER. In this context this paper has been written. Our data source is NSSO 61ST, 64th and 66throunds. This paper has been divided into three sections. In the first section GER among different categories was discussed. In the second section GER in rural and urban area is compared. Third section includes conclusions and policy implications.


This paper is intended to provide a brief biography of the Most Venerable Phramahā Phong Samaleuk, the late president of Lao Buddhist Fellowship Organization and his contribution to the development of Buddhism and nation. Apart from his biography, it is the emphasis on his contribution to the building of peace from an individual by applying the five precepts. His perspective has been developed through his Dhamma talk and speeches on international conferences. He kept on spreading the message of peace in order to urge people to apply in daily life. He assured that through the application of the five precepts, the peace will prevail in family, society and as well as can contribute to global peace.


The use of control theory is still not common practice in the design and implementation of adaptive computing systems although research into such techniques has been ongoing. The difficulty of developing computing system models suitable for control purposes may be one factor limiting the adoption of control techniques in computing systems. In this paper we define an equation-based model for the problem of resource allocation that allows synthesis of a regulator to control the phenomenon of interest. In this presentation we limit the scope of this allocator to the distribution of CPUs to running applications in an operating system, and propose a solution based on the Application Heartbeat framework. Specific attention is paid to the control constraints imposed by the obviously finite number of CPUs. Some solutions are proposed to rescale the number of cores assigned to each application when the demand is not feasible. These solutions are implemented in the Linux operating system by means of useful tools and libraries. Simulations and experimental results support the analysis.


Background: The aim of this study was to explore the effect in stage III colorectal cancer of functional gene polymorphisms methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) and methionine synthase (A2756G), in the folate metabolism on outcome and risk of toxicity for adjuvant chemotherapy. A secondary aim was to investigate any possible interdependency between the two genes. Patients and Methods: one hundred and fifty randomly chosen patients with stage III colorectal cancer, treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, were genotyped by real-time PCR. Patient and treatment data were retrieved and assessed for demography, pathology, chemotherapy tolerability and survival after adjuvant therapy. The polymorphisms were studied separately and in combination to discover possible interactions. Results: Patients with MTHFR 677 CC genotype carried lower risks of suffering from nausea (p=0.027), parasthesia (p=0.0042) and need for dose reduction (p=0.025). The CC genotype was also associated with better survival (p<0.034). There was interdependency with MTR A2756G. Patients with MTR AG/GG in combination with MTHFR CT/TT genotypes carried the highest risk of side-effects. Conclusion: Functional polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T and MTR A2756G can affect outcome and risk of toxicity during adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III colorectal cancer. Their possible interdependence brings attention to the function of folate metabolism overall regarding its association with 5fluoruracil related toxicity. Our results could explain some of the difficulties of obtaining reproducible and uniform results when using single polymorphisms as predictive markers. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the Western World. The annual incidence in Sweden is approximately 6,000 cases (1). The main treatment for colorectal cancer is surgery, with removal of the tumour together with associated vessels and lymphatic tissue. The postoperative pathology report provides information on several important issues including the possible lymphatic involvement. The results are often discussed in a multi-modal treatment conference to improve the possibility of providing optimized care. Cancer spread to lymphatic nodes, without evidence of distant metastasis, is classified as stage III disease. It is important to understand that patients will not die from the main tumour itself as it has been radically removed. The risk of dying is related to the residual microscopic disease that can progress into full metastasis and, thus, a potentially lethal disseminated disease. The risk of recurrent disease associated with stage III disease is so high that adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated, and has been documented to reduce the risk of recurrence in stage III by 15-20% (2). Most patients are considered for chemotherapy unless there other hampering conditions such as severe co-morbidity. The foundation of many regimes of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer is the fluorinated pyrimidine 5-fluoruracil (5-FU) nowadays often combined with other cytotoxic agents (3). The main target of 5-FU is the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS; EC 188.8.131.52) (4), which is considered to be rate-limiting in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides (5, 6). TS is responsible for the conversion of dUMP to dTMP. In this reaction, the cofactor methylene tetrahydrofolate (MTHF) is the donor of the methyl group, and high levels of MTHF are needed to achieve maximal TS inhibition. TS interacts with the enzymes MTHF reductase (MTHFR; EC 22.214.171.124) and methionine synthase (MTR; EC 126.96.36.199) which are of major importance in folate metabolism (Figure 1). Imbalance of the folate metabolism can affect several cellular processes as the enzyme products are vital both for DNA synthesis and gene regulation by DNA methylation. The efficiency of the enzymes are not only altered by local folate substrate levels, 3057 Correspondence to: Helena Taflin, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Östra, 41685 Gothenburg, Sweden. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Introduction: Although the predictive and prognostic importance of total number of infiltrated lymph nodes in rectal cancer is well established, the role of Lymph Node Ratio (LNR) is yet to be defined. Objective: To test the prognostic value of LNR in patients with rectal cancer. Patients and Methods: Data of 232 patients with stage III rectal adenocarcinoma who were treated at the department of Clinical Oncology, Tanta University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012 was retrospectively analyzed. Only data of 107 were eligible for our study. The cut-off values of LNRs were statistically calculated as 0.21, 0.32, and 0.61 dividing the patients into four groups (LNR 1-4). Results: A higher LNR value is significantly correlated with higher tumor grade (P= 0.004), margin involvement, local recurrence and distant metastasis (P = <0.001) .Overall Survival (OS) for all patients is 93.2%. Patients with < 12 resected Lymph Nodes (LNs) have significantly shorter OS (86.1%) than those with ≥12 resected LNs (100%) P value = 0.024. According to LNR, OS for patients with LNR1, LNR2, LNR3 is 100% as compared to 83.3% in those with LNR4 (P value = 0.073). Patients with < 12 resected LN have significantly shorter DFS (16.8%) than those with ≥12 resected LN (90.7%) P value < 0.001. Similarly, patients with LNR4 have significantly shorter DFS as compared to the three other groups (LNR1-3). Conclusions: Higher LNRs (more than or equal to 0.61) have strong independent prognostic impact in stage III rectal cancer, and should be considered for treatment decision making.


Wells, e.g., water wells (injectors, disposal and supply) operate at designated rates set by reservoir engineers. The objective of producing/injecting these wells at optimum rates is to prolong the well's and reservoir's life. To effectively apply the mentioned objective, each well is assigned a target by the reservoir engineer to either produce or inject. Wells meeting this assigned target are called "compliant" wells while wells that do not meet the set target, whether above or below the target with a specified margin, are classified as "noncompliant" wells. This paper discusses a unique method that will significantly help in maintaining assigned target rates for water wells. The method is applicable to wells that are equipped with intelligent field equipment (DAS—data acquisition system) to monitor the wells in real time. All these wells are equipped with a specific size of orifice plate that maintains a differential pressure (dP), subsequently enabling the flowmeter to read a rate at that point of restriction in the orifice. Each orifice plate, depending on its dimensions, can have its very own orifice performance curve (OPC), which is generated based on multiple parameters. The OPC reflects dP (differential pressure) on its x-axis and flow rate on its y-axis, these curves are beneficial to be used while maintaining the well's target rate. Once a target rate is assigned by the reservoir engineer, a production engineer reviews the OPC and defines the required dP to be communicated for direct field implementation. By this exercise, targeted rates can be obtained without any back and forth communication or field visits for the ultimate goal of achieving compliance in water wells.


1 Research institute for environmental and occupational health (IRSET), Rennes, France 2 School of Public Health (EHESP), Rennes, France 3 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France 4 Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France 5 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France 6 Loraine University, Ingres, Nancy, France


In this paper, a method was proposed to stduy the inhomogeneities of transparent polymer gels based on the principle of static light scattering. Taking it as an example, the inhomogeneties of polyacrylamide gels and the effect of crosslink ratio on gel′s structure were successfully studied. The scattered light intensities from different points in one gel at one direction were measured to get the sparkles pattern and the maximum, minimum and average scattered light intensity, from which the inhomogeneities of polyacrylamide gels can be analyzed. It shows that the polyacrylamide gels are of quite inhomogeneity, which is a normal distribution and considerably enhanced with the increase of crosslink ratio. The origin of the inhomogeneity is attributed to the nonrandom distribution of polymers in the solution before gelation point.