Guinea fowl appears to be a promising poultry meat source but its production strength under most common extensive or semi-intensive impair the potentials, this work therefore was done to investigate the dietary protein requirement of 10 weeks old Guinea fowl fed exclusively with compounded feed under intensive system. It was conducted at the poultry unit of Teaching and Research Farm unit of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso and lasted for a period of 16 weeks. A total number of 120 growing guinea fowl birds were used for the experiment; they were equally and randomly distributed to four dietary treatments of three replicates per group with ten birds per replicate, they were randomly allocated to diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 which contained 16%, 18%, 20% and 22% crude protein respectively. Weekly weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were monitored. At the end of 15 weeks, two birds per replicate were randomly picked, housed in metabolic cage and their feacal samples were collected for nutrient analysis and digestibility study, blood samples were collected from same sampled birds for hematological characteristics, so also their meat samples for meat quality analysis. Highest final weight (1555.99g) was recorded from 18% followed by 20% (1517.55g) while the least final weight was recorded from 22% (1482.72g). The highest and least daily feed intake was recorded from 22%(99.53g) and 16% (86.37g) respectively. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in the birds' nutrient 3 3 digestibility except for ash. Significantly (P<0.05) high value of WBC (19.53 xl0 /mm ) was 3 3 observed in 20% compared to 16.98 xl0 /mm , 12.65 xl0 /mm , 10.83 xl0 /mm from 16% , 18%, 22% respectively, while the differential counts (%) of monocytes, lymphocytes, heterophil, basophil obtained were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced. Crude protein content of the thigh and breast muscle increased (P<0.05) while the crude fat decreased with increased dietary protein while no significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in the values recorded for ash. Hence for better performance, 18% dietary protein should be fed considerably in the diet of growing guinea fowl.


This Final Assignment Report examines what factors influence people to buy house in PT. ABC. In the research, the writers employ factor analysis as the analytical tool to fund out which factor that really affect people to buy house in PT. ABC. Using quantitative approach, the research interval types of data that arc collected through distributing questionnaires covering 100 respondents. After analysis done, it can be concluded that There are 11 new factors developed in the factor analysis stage such as:Financial condition, Motivation, Parental relation, Knowledge, Socio-cultural, Family background, Lifestyle, Past condition, Initial impression, Spouse, and Attitude.


Accelerometer errors are unobservable in non-maneuvering flight, which will lead to low navigation accuracy. Based on the threshold determination strategy, this paper proposes an improved navigation algorithm with high accuracy. The relationship and transformation among different coordinate systems are obtained, and a position information acquisition method is proposed by merely utilizing star sensors and accelerometers. This paper also analyzes the main factors affecting navigation accuracy. Simulation results have demonstrated that the accelerometer threshold strategy is effective, and the positioning accuracy is only determined by star sensors and accelerometers while not influenced by the platform initial errors. The positioning error is within 100 meters with medium-level navigational devices, which is half of that for traditional inertial/celestial navigation algorithm.


Objective To evaluate the association of the genetic polymorphism of angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with the risk of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in Chinese people. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to detect the polymorphisms of ACE and AGT genes in 63 HCM patients. Results In HCM patients, the odds ratio (OR) estimated by linkage analysis of ACE-DD and AGT-TT genotypes was markedly higher when compared with that estimated separately from the ACE-DD or AGT-TT genotype. The risk of cardiac events was higher in HCM patients with both ACE-DD and AGT-TT genotypes than that in those with other combination of ACE and AGT genotypes and also higher than that in those with AGT-TT genotype only. Conclusions Combination of ACE-DD and AGT-TT genotypes may have synergistic effect on the risk of HCM in Chinese people. The risk of cardiac events was much higher in HCM patients with both ACE-DD and AGT-TT genotypes.


Open Computing Language (OpenCL) is fast becoming the standard for heterogeneous parallel computing. It is designed to run on CPUs, GPUs, and other accelerator architectures. By implementing a real world application, a solar radiation model component widely used in climate and weather models, we show that OpenCL multi-threaded programming and execution model can dramatically increase performance even on CPU architectures. Our preliminary investigation indicates that low-level vector instructions and code representations in OpenCL contribute to dramatic performance improvement over the serial version when compared with the execution of the serial code compiled across various compilers on multiple platforms with auto vectorization flags. However, the portability of OpenCL implementations needs to improve, even for CPU architectures.


This paper studied Superresolution Direction Estimation of spatial arbitrary antenna array with spatially nonstationary noise. An improvement of covariance differencing approach was made. The results of computer simulation showed that the appproach was valid.


An investigation of the structure of asphaltene obtained from a G/sub 6/ gas coal is reported. Using a system based on extraction, liquid and thin-layer chromatography, 59 narrow-band fractions were separated accounting for more than 97% of the mass of initial asphaltenes. The structure of the asphaltenes was interpreted on the basis of cryoscopy, elemental and functional analysis, IR and UV spectroscopy and chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds contain aromatic, naphthenic and heterocyclic rings, substituted by phenolic, quinoid, methoxylic, ketone, alicyclic alcohol and short alkyl groups.


Objective We have developed an a new and efficient humanized anti-HIV-1 P24 monoclonal antibody preparation platform to develop 1-2 anti-HIV-1 P24 antibodies.Methods Specific secretory P24 antibody B cells were sorted by connecting P24 resin,after limited dilution,the total mRNA was extracted then immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes were amplified by reverse transcription and nested PCR.Then the sequence was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector,Cloning vector AbVechIgG1,Cloning vector AbVec-hIgKappa,Cloning vector AbVec-hIg Lambda,after the sequencing.We obtained the recombinant antibody by the instantaneous transmission of 293T cells to obtain recombinant antibody.Then the HIV-1 P24 antibody was purified by protein A affinity chromatography.Results We have successfully screened five groups of humanized anti-HIV-1 P24 monoclonal antibody genes.Conclusion We initially and successfully established the humanized anti-HIV-1 P24 monoclonal antibody preparation and purification methods.

Key words:
HIV-1;  Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reacltien;  Antibody, monoclonal; Enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay


With the increasing diversity and complexity of the Web, skills for online exploration have become more and more important. People typically obtain such skills by gaining experience with classifying and organizing acquired Web pages, creating search queries. However, it is difficult for unskilled people to get the opportunity for meaningful experience. In this research, we aim to develop a mechanism for utilizing the intentions of inexperienced searchers to cultivate exploration skills in realistic way. To achieve this goal, we focused on the attention paid by a searcher to specific pages during the search process. After analyzing this behavior, we developed several methods for extracting clues that embody the searcher's unaware intentions for use in further exploration. Then, with these methods as a basis, we designed a system for visualizing unaware intentions to promote the experience of exploration in novices. Experimental results using a prototype demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.


Acoustic anomalies of (1-x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xBaTiO3 (NBT-xBT) with x = 0.05 were investigated over a wide temperature range of from 900°C to −200°C by using Brillouin light scattering. The sound velocity of the longitudinal acoustic mode propagating along the [100] direction showed a substantial softening, while the acoustic attenuation coefficient of this mode exhibited a large increase in the paraelectric phase. These anomalies were attributed to the formation and growth of noncentrosymmetric polar regions in the paraelectric phase, which was supported by the appearance of the strong polarized central peak. The absence of any sharp or discontinuous changes in the acoustic properties seems to suggest that the polar regions remain short-ranged and do not form macroscopic polar domains at low temperatures, which may be attributed to the inherent A-site disorder induced by random substitutions of Bi, Na and Ba cations.


The Karnataka Togari Abhivrudhi Mandali Limited (KTAML) Gulbarga was registered under the Companies Act 1956 and started in the year 2002. The objective of studying of KTAML is to protect interest of tur farmers by way of better price realization. In this regard the study has been under taken to evaluate the performance of Tur Board, employing different financial ratios. Quick ratio for a period of nine years was 0.79 for the Board, which implied that the firm has appalling liquidity and is able to pay less to its creditors out of its quick assets. The overall results of liquidity ratios project that the Tur Board is not in much comfortable position to meet its immediate financial obligations. The debt-equity ratio of Board has indicated that board borrowed 1.15 times its equity capital, which is alarming. The average inventory turnover ratio was 1.82, which implies that the Board is turning its inventory of finished goods into sales 1.82 times in a year. Gross profit to sales ratio, on an average, was 0.08 indicating that the firm has scope for further improvement in their gross profit margin. The average value of net profit margin for study period was 0.02, indicating that there is difficulty for the firm to withstand adverse conditions with a low net margin.


Background: Michelia nilagirica belonging to the family Mangoliaceae is commonly used by many traditional healers in most of the herbal preparations for diabetes and kidney diseases. Objective: Different fractions isolated from ethanolic extract of whole plant of Michelia nilagirica is investigated for hepatoprotective activity in wistar albino rats against paracetamol induced hepatic injury. Materials & Methods: Rats were divided into eight groups. Each group contains six animals. Hepatic injury was achieved by injecting paracetamol at a dose of 2 mg/kg p.o. Results: The hepatoprotective action is seen with fraction A by reduction in serum marker enzymes like Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT). It also reduced the elevated levels of Alkaline phosphotase (ALP) & Serum bilirubin. Conclusion: Histopathological studies further confined the hepatoprotective activity of fraction A against paracetamol treated group. The results obtained were compared with silymarin (100 mg/kg, orally), a standard drug.


Originally set up in 1998 in China, the Puhan Rural Community was the first peasant-initiated, cross-village organization established after the collapse of the top-down people's communes and the implementation of the household responsibility system. Puhan learned a lesson about the exploitation of usurious microfinance and decided that it was capable of establishing a system of mutual aid credit by itself, changing the cultural emphasis on money. Its story of struggling with rural financial organizations opens up a debate on the trap of marketization and monetization, the root causes of loans and debts, the negotiating power of collectives, the production mode of ecological agriculture, and the redefinition of the commonwealth.


receiving the therapeutic benefi t, the intervention, e.g. stem-cell donation; has to be ethically acceptable, the safety of any medicinal product to be given has to be based on data and assessed as acceptable compared to its demonstrated effi cacy (in relation to the intervention). The ethical questions are not different whether a biosimilar, or an innovator biological product, or a small molecule medicinal product is given.


Abstract This paper presents a new approach to obtaining an accurate simple model for complex mechanical systems. The methodology is applied to a quarter-car suspension system with complex linkage structures. Firstly, a multi-body dynamic model which includes kinematic characteristics is developed. Using a linearization technique, a 32-state linear model for a quarter-car system is obtained. Secondly, model reduction techniques are applied to find a reasonable reduced-order model. The result of the model reduction shows the validity of the two-mass model given that the parameters are correctly identified. The paper presents both an analytical and an experimental way of identifying the parameters of the two-mass system based on the reduced-order model. The identified parameters are shown to vary significantly from component data typically used for the two-mass system depending on kinematic structures of the suspension system. The modelling procedures outlined in this paper provide a precise and efficient way of designing active suspension systems that minimizes a necessary tuning process.


Compared with conventional γ-Al2O3,mesoporous alumina molecular sieve has the higher potential in catalysis because of the higher surface areas with a narrow pore size distribution, This review encompasses various synthesis approaches, characterizing methods and catalytic performance of organized mesoporous alumina molecular sieve. The influences of types of templating agents, pH value of the gel, washing treatment and calcined methods on the structure of the mesoporous alumina are also discussed as well. Various characterizations of the mesoporous alumina are introduced in details. Further more, the potential applications in catalysis of organized mesoporous alumina are commented. The research directions of this area in the future are proposed.


Objective: To review studies on criminals' personality which used EPQ as measurement.Methods:Meta-analysis was used to review 33 studies.Results:Mean effect size delta of four dimensions (P, E, N, L) were 0.62,0.06,0.61,-0.14 in turn.Conclusions:Criminals have significantly higher level on psychoticism and neuroticism than others. There is no significant difference between the criminals and the commons because of heterogeneity of criminous types.


Abstract Learning style researchers have suggested that each student has a unique way of thinking, which does not always match the way that students are taught in secondary schools in urbanised, western countries such as England and the USA. Research by psychologists, using the theory of field‐dependency, suggests that students from ethnic minority backgrounds may be the most seriously affected by such a mismatch, possibly resulting in underachievement. This study was undertaken as an M.Ed dissertation with the University of Nottingham. It identified the learning styles of 60 students from three cultural backgrounds in six English secondary schools. It confirmed the work of learning style researchers, but failed to completely replicate the findings of psychologists using field‐dependency techniques. The results revealed that Pakistani male students had the closest match with didactic secondary school teaching methods, with West Indian and white British girls experiencing the greatest disparity, possibly r...


Objective To assess the feasibility and safety of combined transgastric and transcolonic endoscopic cholecystectomy in porcine model.Methods Five female miniature swines were subjected to cholecystectomy by the combined transgastric and transcolonic approach using two flexible endoscopes.The gastric wall of the swine was punctured with a needle knife,followed by dilatation with a balloon-dilator via the transgastric access.then a double channel endoscope was advanced into the peritoneal cavity.Another double-channel endoscope was advanced via a transcolonic access.Gallbladder excision was performed using transcolonic endoscope assisted by transgastric endoscope.After eholecystectomy the gastric and the colonic incisions were closed with clips.The animal was examined 14 days after operation.Results Cholecystectomy was failed in 4 swines because of incomplete exposing the gallbladder(3 swines)and hemarrhage during separating the gallbladder from the liver bed(1 swine).Only one swine was successfully performed cholecystectomy.But 3 perforations were found in the diaphragm which might be done by transcolonic endoscope.The swine lost 4 kg 14 days after the operation.The necropsy revealed a complete transmural healing of the gastric incision with minimal adhesions and a complete healing of the colonic incision with heavy adhesions.An abscess with severe adhesions was found in the right lower quadrant.One perforation of the diaphragm healed,and the other two perfolrations merged and formed a diverticulum embedded with the liver.Conclusion Combined transgastric and transcolonic approach appears difficult for cholecystectomy and the safety remains to be further studied.

Key words:
Cholecystectomy; Surgical procedures,endoscopic; Animal experimentation


The Dutch being scientific and colonial, this chapter poses two questions about the scientific interests of their colonial subjects in Java. First, did the Javanese have an evidence-based science of the natural world in 1808? Second, if not—and it seems they did not— then why not? The nominal year at the focus of our enquiry is 1808, birth year of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences. How much did the Javanese know about the natural world at this time? European observers were just beginning to take an interest in the contours of Javanese knowledge at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The pioneering Batavia Society of Arts and Sciences (Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen) published its first proceedings in 1779. Among the papers on practical colonial science were some on Javanese ethnography and history. 1 Later, the economic malaise around the turn of the century paralyzed scientific work. Whatever scholarship was produced in Batavia in the early years of the nineteenth century amid the vicissitudes of the Revolution and the British Interregnum seems to have been taken to London by the energetic departing lieutenantgovernor Thomas Stamford Raffles in 1815. He incorporated it into his magisterial History of Java . 2 The little that was known appeared to indicate that the Javanese knew no systematic, evidence-based science. The inimitable John Crawfurd, the Scottish surgeon whom Raffles appointed resident of Yogyakarta in 1811, put his opinion on the matter about as crudely as anyone has ever done before or since. They were "wholly ignorant of arithmetic as a science, and indeed know nothing of the common rules of calculation," he wrote. Imprecision in weights and measures was characteristic of their "poverty and barbarism." About their navigational skills, he warned the reader: "It will be their ignorance rather than their knowledge that will constitute


Because of the time-sharing sampling logic, the three-phase currents reconstructed by single dc-link shunt present significant errors in the permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. A traceback-prediction current correction method for sampled currents is proposed in this article to eliminate the reconstruction errors. According to the analysis of time-sharing sampling errors, the concept of equivalent current change rate during one pulsewidth modulation (PWM) period is introduced, and the phase current characteristic model based on state observer is established. Both the equivalent and instantaneous current change rates can be obtained by the observer-based calculation method. In order to improve the current reconstruction precision, the ultimate values of three-phase currents can be predicted by adopting the proposed traceback-prediction current correction method, which does not require major computation and is easy to implement with no restrictions on the PWM strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results.


The Thue-Siegel method is applied to derive an upper bound for the number of solutions to Thue's equation $F(x,y) = 1$ where $F$ is a quartic diagonalizable form with negative discriminant. Computation is used in this argument to handle forms whose discriminant is small in absolute value. We then apply our results to bound the number of integral points on a certain family of elliptic curves.


The purpose of the study was to find out the ballistic-power training on selected strength parameters and playing ability of cricket players. To achieve the purpose of the study thirty cricket players have been randomly selected from various colleges in and around Salem district, Tamil Nadu State, India. The age of the subjects were ranged from 18 to 25 years. The criterion measures strength parameters such as shoulder strength & back strength and playing ability were selected. The subjects had past experience of at least three years in cricket and only who those represented their respective college teams were taken as subjects. The participants, as experimental and control groups, were randomly divided into two equal groups of fifteen each such as experimental and control groups. For six weeks, three days a week, one session daily, the experimental group took part in the ballistic-power training. The control group had things to do with their day-to-day operations and had no exceptional coaching. To determine whether there had been a significant improvement, the dependent 't' test was used to analyze the data, and an ANCOVA was used to see whether there had been any significant differences between the groups. To examine the level of significance difference, if any, across groups, the.05 level of confidence was fixed. It was concluded that 6 weeks of ballistic-power training programme was useful for improving the strength parameters such as shoulder strength and back strength and playing ability of cricket players.


Many studies on proto-industrialization have followed Franklin Mendels' work, and virtually all concern cottage industries in rural areas. Occasionally, authors are also interested in urban proto-industries, which are correctly considered home industries here. This production method (aside from traditional manual labour) has certainly been decisive, both in supplying expanding markets during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and in raising capital for commercial production of goods. Cottage industries were the prevailing form of industry at the start of the Industrial Revolution (and during the preceding periods) and were consequently a direct prerequisite for it.


The aim of the present article is to submit to criticism the idea, originally taken from Durkheim, that commonsense reasoning errs radically when it comes to social reality. We will begin by proposing an interpretation of Durkheim's theory of "prenotions" or preconceptions. We will then compare this theory with the conception of common sense of the philosopher G.E. Moore, who, contrary to Durkheim, maintains that the ordinary view of the world is basically true. Comparison of Durkheim's and Moore's theories will enable us to distinguish between ordinary individual concepts (concepts ordinaires individuels, COI), which are connected with the individual and his or her immediate environment, and ordinary social concepts (concepts ordinaires sociaux, COS), which have as their object collective facts. We will then attempt to explore the relationship between these two kinds of ordinary concepts. The conception of common sense that results from this reflection will be described as gradualist and evolutionist.


Abstract : The application of neutron gauging to test for moisture content in bulk powdered foods and in canned Army field rations is described. A small californium-252 capsule, of approximate output 10,000,000 neutrons per sec, was used as a source. A brief discussion is presented on the basic principles of neutron interactions as relevant to moisture measurement and some background material is included on radioisotopic neutron sources. (Modified author abstract)


Old age is characterized by anatomo-physiological by marked changes of organs and tissues of the oral cavity, which are made worse by the loss of all teeth. The aim of our work was to evaluate the anatomic-functional state of the oral cavity in patients with complete loss of teeth and quantitatively evaluate the function of swallowing problems in patients with the complete loss of teeth depending on the degree of changes in size, shape and volume of bases of complete removable dentures. The study showed, that in patients with complete loss of teeth involutive processes of organs and tissues of maxillo-facial region occur: reduced gustatory sensitivity of the tongue, impaired swallowing function, reduced salivation speed, increased viscosity of saliva. The tongue loses barrier of dental rows and reliably increases in size in re-prosthetic patients. The restoration of physiological parameters of the oral cavity is faster in re-prosthetic patients, due to the formed adaptation mechanisms. In treating such patients the increase in the volume, shape and size of bases of complete removable dentures may affect the swallowing, because of the reduction of free space for movements of the tongue and food.


Nitrosyl triflate serves as a NO+ donor in reactions with many olefinic substrates to form reactive, cationic 1,2-oxazetium cycloadducts that can be converted selectively into a wide range of useful products depending on reagents and conditions.


The Pisacano Leadership Foundation, the philanthropic arm of the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM), recently selected its 2011 Pisacano Scholars. These 5 medical students follow in the footsteps of 80 scholar alumni who are practicing physicians and 16 current scholars who are enrolled in


man prohibited Slobodni tjednik from publishing. During die war years there was a debate between reporters from the government-controlled press, who advocated censorship to protect Croatia's interests in the war, and from the independent presses like Feral Tribune, who called for greater objectivity so as not to become a propaganda arm of the HDZ. The problem with self-censorship or acceptance of Tudjman's control of the press was that the secret police power enforcing HDZ political control had become dangerous. The independent press, the weekly magazines Globus and Nacional, exposed this threat in 19981999 with the example of Tudjman vising the secret police to fix the outcome of a final match in a football championship and with this expose we see the rise of investigative journalism. This advance to open journalism continues with the independents' attempt to accurately report Tudjman's terminal cancer and impending death in 1999. Malovic and Selnow effectively contrast the independents' truthful reports with the reports from Tudjman's controlled media, which maintained that there were no serious problems with his health.


Phenol sympathetic block is valuable for the treatment of ischemic pain, gangrene, intermittent claudication, Paget's disease of the bone and pain associated with pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, etc. The author has experienced a case of successful lumber sympathetic block using 7% phenol under fluoroscopy and given to a patient with Buerger's disease who had severe pain and ulceration of the right great toe for several years. After the sympathetic block, 2 epidural blocks with 2.5% bupivacaine were done in order to augment the effects of this sympathetic block. Subsidence of rest pain, increase in walking distance from under 100 M to over 500 M and circulatory improvement of the affected limb were observed, Improvement of circulation was confirmed by strain gauge plethysmography.


BACKGROUND
This is a preliminary study of a specific nutritional supplement -Supportan(®) - for the clinical support of patients with locally advanced head and neck (H&N) cancers who underwent treatment with concurrent radiochemotherapy (RT-CHT).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Seven patients received nutritional supplement (Supportan(®)) plus habitual diet during a median time of treatment with RT on 7.8 weeks plus concurrent weekly CHT(S). Specific serum protein fractions as a potential useful tool to evaluate the nutritional status were determined. The main objective was to assess the compliance with the above-mentioned treatment.

RESULTS
Patients completed the nutritional support, 5 / 7 patients via oral route and 2/7 patients through nasogastric tube. All studied patients, that completed treatment, had not severe mucositis -ulcera, hemrraghe and/ or infection. None of them had another severe toxicity by treatment nor had impairment of Pefomance Status. No differences in all specific sera proteins were observed between S and To.

CONCLUSION
In this preliminary study of few patients, we have observed a potential usefulness of Supportan(®) in the compliance of concurrent RT-CHT in patients with H&N cancers; moreover, its administration was useful to maintain the initial biochemical nutritional profile.


The citizens are increasingly conscious of the rights that protect them and of the means that have guarantee of the same ones. The jurisdictional organs and the "defensorias" of the people are both basic instruments gathered in the Constitution, which have found an uneven development. We will centre this article on the juridical regime, guarantees, procedure and statute of the new figure of the defenders of the citizenship, who are spreading over the whole national geography as mechanism of guarantee of rights and defense of freedoms in the area of the local thing, answering for the force of the facts to the second decentralization, unfinished on the defense of the civil rights, which are indicating to us the way and implantation of a major culture of the mediation.


The photoluminescence (pl) of copper‐related bound excitons (BE's) in GaAs is investigated by means of resonantly excited and time‐resolved photoluminescence, as well as photoluminescence‐excitation (ple) spectroscopy. Observation of the 2s and 3s two‐hole transitions leads to a precise value of 193 meV for the hole binding energy of the acceptor associated with the F complex. No evidence for such two‐hole transitions was ever detected for the C complex. The lifetimes of the C0 and the F0 BE's are reported in addition to that of a line found at 1501.5 meV. C0 BE exhibit an excited state 3.7 meV above the ground state, while no excited states were detected for F0.


We present a new model designed to simulate the process of energetic particle precipitation, a vital coupling mechanism from Earth's magnetosphere to its atmosphere. The atmospheric response, namely excess ionization in the upper and middle atmosphere, together with bremsstrahlung X‐ray production, is calculated with kinetic particle simulations using the Geant4 Monte Carlo framework. Mono‐energy and mono‐pitch angle electron beams are simulated and combined using a Green's function approach to represent realistic electron spectra and pitch angle distributions. Results from this model include more accurate ionization profiles than previous analytical models, deeper photon penetration into the atmosphere than previous Monte Carlo model predictions, and predictions of backscatter fractions of loss cone electrons up to 40%. The model results are verified by comparison with previous precipitation modeling results, and validated using balloon X‐ray measurements from the Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses mission and backscattered electron energy and pitch angle measurements from the Electron Loss and Fields Investigation with a Spatio‐Temporal Ambiguity‐Resolving CubeSat mission. The model results and solution techniques are developed into a Python package for public use.


Water Resources Research Institutes (WWRIs) have traditionally targeted technical audiences with information transfer efforts, but non-technical audiences also play a role in decision-making. Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License. This commentary is available in Journal of Applied Communications: http://newprairiepress.org/jac/vol75/iss2/8


In today's modern world people use to move from one place to another regularly. So there is a need for a mechanism which gives mobile user the necessary information about the new location. The proposed project implements two such mechanisms known as Pull technology and Push technology. The project proposes a trajectory prediction which estimates the users futures movement based on the information of the past movements of the user. Mobility prediction algorithm comprises of three modules. The system can allocate the resources to the most probable cell with the prediction module instead of allocating excessive resources blindly to the neighboring cells of the user. Also recommends a filtering mechanism, which avoids the unwanted data to be sent to the user by the server. We propose two mechanisms for the filtering of data.


Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) presents a significant challenge in the oncology setting. For instance, patients receiving acute doses of irradiation to the thoracic cavity for Hodgkin9s lymphoma or breast cancer are subject to an elevated risk of RIHD. Excessive oxidative stress, at least in part, is responsible for some of the tissue damage. The ability to monitor and mitigate the long-term cardiac effects of radiation exposure in these populations by modulating oxidative stress has the potential to lead to improved health outcomes. We utilized the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), which has proven a good model for drug-induced cardiotoxicity, to evaluate irradiation-induced heart damage. SHRs were exposed to low, medium, or high doses of full-body irradiation. Necropsy was performed to collect serum and tissue samples at two and four weeks post-irradiation, as well as followed for one year. Four weeks following gamma irradiation, both males and females showed decreased heart mass and decreased whole body mass after exposure to medium and high doses of radiation and these decreases were sustained in the high dose groups after one year. Serum cardiac troponin I and T analysis revealed signs of cardiomyopathy in both the medium and high dose groups at early time points and this signal was sustained in some animals up to one year later. Echocardiography revealed functional changes in cardiac performance including an increase in left ventricular volume at diastole in males and a decrease in left ventricular mass. Low red blood cell count indicated sustained anemic conditions in both males and females receiving the highest dose of irradiation, yet males appeared to be more sensitive. Levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 were elevated at four weeks in males receiving the high dose. Finally, multiple animals receiving radiation developed spontaneous tumors after one year. We are currently investigating the oxidative stress-mediated molecular mechanisms behind the radiation-induced cardiac damage. Citation Format: Elliot T. Rosen, Dmitry Kryndushkin, Baikuntha Aryal, Yanira Gonzalez, Leena Chehab, Jennifer Dickey, Steven Mog, V Ashutosh Rao. Acute irradiation exposure induces long-term cardiac adverse effects in the spontaneously hypertensive rat [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 845.


Objective: To study the role of p21(superscript WAF1) and p53 protein in the occurrence and development of large intestine cancer. Methods: p21(superscript WAF1) and p53 protein were examined by immunohistochemistry SP in 41 example specimens of large intestine carcinoma and 10 normal specimens. DNA content of corresponding specimen were examined by flow cytometry. Results: The expression of S phase fraction(SPF), p53 gradually increased among normal mucosa, well differentiated adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, while the expression of p21 WAF1 gradually decreased. The expression of p21 WAF1 in large intestine cancer of Dukes A+B stages was much higher than that in in large intestine cancer of Dukes C+D stages, while the expression of p53 in large intestine cancer of Dukes A+B stages was much lower than that in in large intestine cancer of Dukes C+D stages. Conclusion: p21 WAF1 and p53 played an important role in tumorgenesis and development of large intestine adenocarcinoma.


The effects of interaction and coalescence of cracks on the fatigue behavior of high brittle materials such as glass and ceramics are examined. For glass ceramics specimens with two different center distance collinear cracks introduced by Vickers microhardness indentation, the cyclic fatigue tests were carried out under four point bending load. It was found that the time to failure for a certain applied stress significantly decreased with increasing the number of indentation cracks and the center distance of indentation cracks. The prediction of time to failure with crack interaction and crack coalescence was also carried out. The results were in good agreement with the experimental results. The validity of the proposed method of fatigue life prediction was confirmed.


Disulfoton was tried at three different levesls of application in large areas of sugarcane in village Velagandurru in West Godavari district for the control of sugarcane scale Melanaspis glomerata G during 1975–76. The results obtained conclusively show that soil application of 5 per cent disulfoton granules at 20 Kg (1 Kg ai.) pea acre in a single dose in July or August when the crop is about 6 to 7 months old, is most effective in reducing the scale insect with resultant increase in yield of 3.16 t/a (7.80 t/ha) over the plots which received only 10 Kg granules per acre, and 17.6 t/a (43.4 t/ha) over the mean cane yield recorded in that area.


Objectives: To assess the risk of HIV infection among migrants in China. Method: A systematic literature review of HIV / STD seroprevalence studies in China was performed with the assistance of Medline and the Chinese Periodicals Database( CPD). Results: 24 studies with reports of migrants HIV or STD infection rate were retrieved from Medline and CPD. The HIV infection rate among migrants increased slowly in the past 10 years, while the rate of syphilis infection among migrants declined slowly in the past 15 years. The average annual HIV infection rate( 0. 11%) and syphilis infection rate( 0. 65%) among migrants were higher than the average of general population. Conclusion: Lacking standardized data collection approach,different researchers reported infection rates with wide variance and outliers,and few articles analyzed determinants of HIV / STDs infection rate. All above makes it hard for reviewing work to give a general prediction on the tendency and demographic distribution of HIV / STD infection rates among migrants. Hence more researches should be done on the HIV / STDs risk among migrants in China.


The paper presents a method of anisotropic-materials preparation by controlling the solidification behavior and crystallographic texture of a hypereutectic Al-Cu alloy in virtue of a strong magnetic field up to 12 T. A novel theoretical analysis was conducted based on the experimental results. After strong-magnetic-field treatment, the non-magnetic Al2Cu phase is aligned forming a pseudo-single crystal and anisotropic properties are expected. With the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), the alignment and growth behavior of the non-magnetic Al2Cu phase was investigated and well discussed.


Autonomous Vehicle applications and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) need scene understanding processes, allowing high-level systems to carry out decision. For such systems, the localization of a vehicle evolving in a structured dynamic environment constitutes a complex problem of crucial importance. However, the low accuracy of the global positioning system (GPS) system in urban environments makes its localization unreliable for further treatments. The combination of GPS data and additional sensors (WSS, IMU or Camera) can improve the localization precision. More and more, digital maps are also used in this process. Generally, these maps are customized or built for a specific application, asking high-cost to design and upgrade. In this paper, we propose a low-cost localization system based on camera, GPS and open map. Starting from the road marking, detected by a multi-kernel estimation method, a particle filter generates the samples taking advantage of lane markings to predict the most probable trajectory of the vehicle and the low-cost GPS position. Then, the accuracy of the localization is improved using an open map. This process was validated through several scenarios with a public database and our experimental platform.


OBJECTIVE
It is important to know normal GEHT of a specific meal taken at specific hours and at specific physical and biological conditions in order to better evaluate abnormal GEHT. It seems that it is more specific to study as we have done in the present paper GEHT in the same individual of a certain meal administered at two different hours, i.e. in the morning and at night. Thus, we avoided many errors and issues.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS
We studied 2 healthy individuals, one male 26 years old and one female, 19 years old, who received the same French toast meal at 08.00 and 23.00.

RESULTS
The GEHT for the morning and the night test for the male individual (P.F.) were 55min and 125min, respectively. For the female individual (K. F.) the GEHT were ∼70min and ∼120min, respectively. For both individuals GEHT differed more than 220% between the morning and night tests.

CONCLUSION
We noticed a more than 220% delay of the GEHT in a normal young man and a normal young woman when they received a French toast meal at 23.00h as compared to the same meal at 08.00h. The female had 58% more delayed in GEHT at night as compared to the GEHT of the male individual.


The autocollimator functioning principle is discussed, a means to improve a control system of angular movements by use of a porous silicon screen is offered. The management efficiency by autocollimator certain blocks with a view of increase of accuracy of measurements is analyzed.


Design of skincare products with the aim of maximum aesthetics & safety, as well as solving the problems that arise during the use of the most standard and predominant containers on the market.


The paper deals with methodological approaches to the development and use of budgetary rules in the budget process in the context of transition to a counter-cyclical budgetary policy, ensuring financial stability and economic growth. The object of the study is budgetary rules as a budgetary policy tool. The scope of the study includes issues of updating the existing budgetary rules and their resistance to various shock phenomena in the economy. The purpose of the study was to determine the guidelines for budgetary rules as a tool of budget sustainability and financial stability. The paper concludes that the transfer to the next generation budgetary rules counter-cyclical in nature and capable of smoothing out various economic shocks is needed. It is proposed that the current budget balance rule should be reformed by calculating the target value of the structural deficit of the federal budget, refining the method for calculation of the base oil price, and using the rules of the federal budget deficit funding by the money of sovereign wealth funds.


The various Internet search engines are an invaluable tool for the professional searcher looking for information not available in traditional printed and online media. All the major search tools offer their services for free, while at the same time engaging in cut-throat competition for advertising clients, who in most cases account for over 80% of their revenue. This highlights the need for accountability as far as business practices and product promises are concerned - something which is sorely lacking at the present time. Most of the search tools provide very little information about their true indexing capabilities, while at the same time often delivering misleading or downright false facts about their competitors. On top of this, most of their claims cannot be sufficiently verified (database size, indexing abilities, etc.). Perhaps the most troubling aspect is the search tools' reliance on and close ties with advertisers. We are all made aware of this by constantly viewing the result, namely the widespread use of banners extolling the virtues of a plethora of products and services. This includes the extensive use of keyword advertising and the ability by advertisers to have their banners shown when certain search words are used, as well as the use of Cookies and other types of session IDs which in time can provide a wealth of demographic information about the searcher. On top of this, searchers must also be aware of the tricks launched by information providers in order to get their attention. In this paper I will discuss these practices, point out a number of causes for concern in connection with the search tools and their advertising efforts, and provide some of the information the professional online searcher needs in order to evaluate their use of search engines.


In article the opportunity of interpretation of the contents of art criticism concepts is analyzed' their structural components are allocated, attempt to extrapolate components of modern information technologies in formation of art criticism concepts of the teacher o f arts is made.


The 2.4GHz licence-free ISM band is used extensively for hosting high performance mobile computing networks. The demand for wireless mobile computing networks with high aggregate throughput and channel quality is countered by the high levels of multipath noise in indoor environments. Although the use of directive antennas has shown good results in overcoming the multipath effect, antennas with large directivity cannot be used in a mobile computing network without affecting the functionality of the wireless protocol used. This paper presents a solution to this problem, introducing a dual antenna diversity scheme for the 2.4GHz ISM band and its beam selector circuit for controlling the diversity scheme. The proposed antenna produces an omnidirectional pattern and two directional patterns with very large nulls in their azimuth pattern, while its low complexity and low cost allows easy integration into consumer products.


Objective: To discuss applications of 3H nursing model in 40 living related renal transplantation patients. Methods: During hospitalization, 40 living related renal transplantation patients were provided with Hotel nursing care services-comfortable service, Hospital care services-personalized services, and Home care nursing service-warm service. Results: Quality of care and patient satisfaction after the activity is higher than those prior to the implementation, the difference is statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion: 3H nursing model emphasizes on humanistic nursing service in patients, which can improve the quality of nursing in wards and patient satisfaction.


Summary Lysogenicity in coagulase-negative staphylococci was tested by incubating the strains in the presence of Mitomycin C. Among 173 strains examined, 45 were found to release phage. Twenty-eight of these phages were obtained from 90 strains belonging to Staphylococcus epidermidis biotype 1 (Baird-Parker, 1965).


Linear Algebra is famous for its abstraction and it is difficult to study for students. The eigenvector is one of the most abstract mathematical concepts in university mathematic education. Taking the problem of selection of leader vertices in network as the research object, combining the concept of eigenvector and leader selection problem together, this case aims at making classroom teaching more vivid and illustrating the practical application of abstract mathematical concepts. Specifically, by eigenvector, the critical set is defined. Based on these concepts, the location of leader vertices can be figured out completely. Further, simulation results and analysis are given.


Two types of evaluation of the results of this Project will be reported in this section. The first type consists of the objective evaluation. Standardized tests were selected to measure absolute change in each child's skills from the beginning of the Project to the end of the second year of the Project. A comparison group was provided for that period so that changes in the experimental group could be viewed in perspective. Also included in this section are results of standardized testing after the third year which are reported for the experimental group only.The second type of evaluation reports subjective impressions and observations of the EPIC children obtained from teachers, parents, and visitors to the Project. These impressions, though neither well-controlled nor presented with the perspective of a comparison group, are included to expand and enrich the report of the outcome of this Project beyond that possible by test data alone.The five target areas selected for objective evaluation were the following: Expressive Language, Receptive Language, Reading and Academic Achievement, Speech Production, and Speech Perception. Rationale for these areas, as well as the sample selection procedures, were described in the INTRODUCTION to this report. In this section the measures selected for assessing each of the target areas are described. The measures consisted primarily of standardized tests which were administered to the group of 16 EPIC children and 21 comparison children at the beginning (pre-test) and end (post-test) of the 21-month period of the core project. Test scores are reported at the end of an additional school year for the experimental group only.Test scores of the experimental and comparison groups are summarized following the description of each test. The following data are included in the summary:1. Pre-test scores: The mean, standard deviation, and range of scores obtained at the beginning of the Project.2. Post-test scores: The mean, standard deviation, and range of scores obtained 21 months after the pre-test.3. Difference scores (D): The mean, standard deviation, and range of each child's post-test score minus his or her pre-test score. This score summarizes the actual gain made by the two groups of children from pre-test to post-test.Tests of statistical significance were performed between the experimental and comparison groups: (a) for pre-test scores, (b) for post-test scores, and (c) for difference scores.


The cardiovascular side effects of older antidepressants and neurolepts are well known. These drugs inhibit the cardiac Na+, Ca2+, and K+ channels often leading to life-threatening arrhythmia. Selective serotonin receptor inhibitor antidepressants and new antipsychotics were introduced to overcome the toxicity of older generation drugs. These drugs have gained popularity owing to their fewer side-effect profiles. However, several case reports have revealed the arrhythmogenic effect of these drugs as well as orthostatic hypotension, especially in those receiving cardiac medications. We report a case of a 65-year-old male who experienced junctional rhythm during the treatment of his acute manic episode with quetiapine and returned to normal sinus rhythm after discontinuing the medication.


Aim To observe the characteristics of Slit-1 protein and its receptor Robo-2 expression in spinal cord after sciatic nerve injury in rats of different ages and further investigate the possible mechanism of guided difference in regenerated nerves after peripheral nerve injury in rats of different ages. Methods The sciatic nerve was transected and connected with silicon tubes in 20 rats of 3 age groups(young, adult, elder) respectively. The expressions of Slit-1 and Robo-2 in lumbar spinal cord were examined with immunofluorescent staining. And their density of immunofluorescence was calculated. Results The expression of Slit-1 increased remarkably at anterior horn of spinal cord in the three groups 2 and 4 weeks after injury, but there was no difference among the groups. The expression of Robo-2 receptor increased 2 and 4 weeks after injury in anterior horn of spinal cord at each group, among which the expression of Robo-2 in elder rats were more than those in the young and adult rats statistically. Conclusion Injury of peripheral nerve in rats of different ages can stimulate the expression of Slit-1. The targeted adjustment effects of Slit-1 in regenerated nerves depend on the different expression of Robo-2 in different age groups.


Introduction: A renal stone is commonly found at the Lower-pole of the kidney.  Studies have reported various opinions about efficacy and safety of Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy  and Extracoeporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy  for the treatment of lower pole stone  of size 10-20 mm.
Aims: The present study aimed to compare between Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy and Extracoeporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy for safe and effective treatment of lower pole stone of size 10-20 mm.
Methods: It is a prospective study conducted from December 2019 to November 2020 in the Urology Department of Nepalgunj Medical College. Total 66 patients under inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. Group I (32 patients) was allocated for patients who were treated under Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy while Group II (34 patients) was allocated for patients who were treated with Extracoeporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. Two groups were compared for stone free rate, retreatment rate, auxiliary treatment (%), operation time, hospital stay, haematuria, blood transfusion, obstruction and fever.
Results: The stone free rate was significantly higher in  Group I when compared to Group II. While the rate of retreatment and auxiliary treatment were significantly lower in Group I than Group II. However, mean hospital stay, mean operation time and the rate of haematuria was significantly higher in Group I when compared to group II. There were no statistically significant differences between Group I and Group II for post-operative complications such as, blood transfusion, obstruction and fever.
Conclusion: Stone free rate was significantly higher in Group I while retreatment rate and auxiliary treatment rate were significantly higher in Group II. Therefore, Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy is more effective for the treatment of the lower pole stone of size 10-20mm when compared to Extracoeporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy.  However, duration of hospital stay and operation time were longer and incidence of haematuria was higher in Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy than Extracoeporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy.


1. The following proof of Bateman's expansion may be of interest since it avoids the use of Appell's hypergeometric functions of two variables, though it suffers from the defect that it presupposes a knowledge of the expansion.


Received 14/11/21 Revised 17/12/21 Accepted 08/01/22 The focus of this research is on male and female family social addresses in the Minangkabau Tribe of Sumatera Barat in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine Minangkabau people's social addresses. The research approach employed in this study was descriptive qualitative. The results of interviews with Minangkabau people were analyzed in this study. As a consequence, Minangkabau people employed twentyfive male and female addresses in their family interactions. This addressee is used to indicate the degree of social status, as well as to convey respect for the eldest family member and affection for the youngest.


Abstract: In Indonesia, studies on hospital performance are still based on financial performance, meanwhile, performance based on cost, quality, and relative value of service cost is not carried out.  Moreover, data based on cost and service quality is very difficult to accessed. On the contrary, data of hospital performance, facility type, cost of service, and quality of service are available for the United States region. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the type of facility, cost of services, and quality of services related to the performance of hospitals in the United States, using secondary data analysis of hospital performance data collected routinely by The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Dataset Project was on their page corgis-edu.github.io/corgis/csv/ hospitals. The hospital performance was the dependent variable, meanwhile, the service costs, service quality, and relative value of service costs to the national average were the independent variables. The results showed that most of the variables used as predictors of hospital performance were related to the outcomes even after controlling the other variables. On the contrary, the quality, cost, and relative value of cardiac arrest services did not affect hospital-level service outcomes. Increased costs are not surprisingly associated with a reduced likelihood of achieving higher performance; the size of the decline is not large, namely 1-0.90 or 10%. In conclusions, the type of facilities, service costs, and service quality are related to the hospital performance.Keywords: hospital performance; type of facilities; service costs; service quality Abstrak: Penelitian kinerja rumah sakit di Indonesia masih mengkaji kinerja berdasarkan kinerja keuangan sedangkan kinerja rumah sakit berdasarkan biaya, kualitas dan nilai relatif biaya layanan masih belum dilakukan. Selain itu, data yang berkaitan dengan biaya dan kualitas layanan masih sangat sulit diakses. Berbeda halnya dengan wilayah Amerika Serikat dimana data kinerja rumah sakit, jenis fasilitas, biaya layanan, dan kualitas layanan telah tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara jenis fasilitas, biaya layanan, dan kualitas layanan berhubungan dengan kinerja rumah sakit di Amerika Serikat menggunakan data kinerja rumah-rumah sakit yang secara rutin dikumpulkan The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Dataset Project terdapat di laman corgis-edu.github.io/corgis/csv/hospitals. Kinerja rumah sakit merupakan variabel dependen dalam analisis sedangkan biaya layanan, kualitas layanan, dan nilai relatif biaya layanan terhadap rerata nasional merupakan variabel independen. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa sebagian besar variabel penelitian yang digunakan sebagai prediktor kinerja rumah sakit berhubungan bermakna dengan luaran tersebut bahkan setelah pengontrolan variabel lain. Berbeda dengan kualitas layanan, biaya dan nilai relatif biaya layanan serangan jantung yang tidak memengaruhi hasil penilaian kinerja rumah sakit. Peningkatan biaya berhubungan dengan penurunan kemungkinan pencapaian kinerja lebih tinggi; besar penurunannya memang tidak besar, yaitu 1-0,90 atau 10%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah jenis fasilitas, biaya layanan, dan kualitas layanan berhubungan dengan kinerja rumah sakit.Kata kunci: kinerja rumah sakit; jenis fasilitas; biaya layanan; kualitas layanan


Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' is an ornamental aquatic plant used in water gardens and phytoremediation. A protocol for its rapid and reproducible shoot organogenesis from apical shoot explants was developed. Optimum culture conditions for shoot proliferation were tested in MS media containing different concentrations of 6-($\gamma$,$\gamma$-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-phenyl-3-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (TDZ), and gibberellic acid (GA3). Plant growth regulators significantly (P ≤ 0.001) affected the diameter, area, and fresh weight of shoot clumps. On the basis of plant growth, the maximum shoot diameter (3.06 cm), area (6.12 cm), and clump weight (2.85 g) of apical shoots were achieved on MS medium containing 0.50 mg L-1 BAP. Higher concentrations of sucrose (9%) showed visible phenotypic growth inhibition and abnormalities were observed in vitro. The regenerated shoots rooted efficiently on MS medium without growth regulators. The growth pattern of multiple shoots indicated their origin from an enlarged shoot base via the proliferation of apical shoots. All in vitro regenerated plantlets acclimatized in aquariums successfully. The simplicity of the protocol and the direct production of multiple shoots make it a potential system that is highly amenable to true-to-type plant regeneration with the ability to maintain genetic stability.


In this paper, we present a system that is a combination of spatial and temporal processing to emphasize the subtle changes in a video. Images and videos contain valuable information about the changes that evolve over time. There is a lot of information in videos, which is not visible by naked eye, and we need to magnify these small changes to study its behavior. The human eye has limited spatial-temporal sensitivity and visualization capability within a certain frequency band. However many signals of interest lie below these bands and can be very much informative. For example, a slight variation in the human skin due to the blood flow cannot be seen by the naked eye. This slight variation can be used to extract the human pulse. In the same way, low motion amplitude is tough for the human eye to observe. This is magnified able to expose interesting information. The growth of new tackle to expose the unseen signals in a video is an open and extensive area of research. In this paper, we have proposed a system that combines the spatial and temporal processing of videos to amplify the small changes in the human skin to detect the heart rate. We have performed an experiment on thirty videos of different subjects. Subjects come from different age group, gender, and ethnicity. Simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm achieves around 93% accuracy in heart rate estimation. This area has an extensive research potential and in the last few decades, it has shown huge achievements not only in the field of medical but also in other fields of engineering and practical applications as like security.


SOUTHEAST China's Fujian Province is situated in prime real estate for agriculture.It borders Zhijiang Province to the north,Guangdong to the southwest,Jiangxi to the northwest,and


In this paper image encryption and decryption using key sequence {Ki} generated by sequence {K1, i} of logistic map and sequence of states {K2, i} of Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) is proposed. Initially one dimensional sequence is generated in the range of 0 to 1 using logistic map for the bifurcation parameter r and initial value X0. The generated sequences are multiplied with 255 and bit by bit XOR operation employed on states of 8 bit LFSR to obtain final key sequence {Ki}. So obtained key sequence {Ki} is XORed with 8-bit grayscale image pixels {Pi} to obtain the encrypted image. Performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed by computing Histogram, Entropy, Correlation and MSE (Mean Square Error) between the original and encrypted image. This scheme has been tested for two different 8-bit grayscale images of size 256×256 pixels. Proposed scheme is compared with encryption/decryption using sequence {K1, i} generated using logistic map. Result of histogram plot of encrypted image using proposed scheme is flat and uniformly distributed compared to encryption scheme using generated sequence of logistic map. MSE measured between original and encrypted image found to be high. Also correlation between adjacent pixels of encrypted image found to be low.


Date Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Dr. Ming-Jun Lai for his invaluable assistance throughout the course of the project. His patient guidance and encouragement are deeply appreciated. sparked the author's interest in the subject of bivariate splining. The author also wishes to express her appreciation to Hans Stigter for giving generously of his time to assist with L A T E X and general computer problems. Finally the author wishes to express her deep gratitude for the love and support of her family and friends, especially her daughters Julie and Meredith. A special thanks goes to Julie for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript.


number of patients each hour. There is limited time available to discuss all of the appropriate preventive health measures such as smoking cessation, weight reduction, cholesterol management, and colon cancer screening. Furthermore, failure to detect cancer (including failure to order a PSA test) has been a source of malpractice litigation. Unfortunately, medical practice is driven not only by medical evidence but by powerful economic forces. If this society wants more rational medical practice, it must align appropriate practice patterns with positive economic incentives.


Paper presents an improved macroblock level rate control scheme for H.264/AVC based on Visual Properties and spatial-temporal correlations. An effective segmentation method is proposed to extract the motion regions, which directly control bit allocation among different regions so as to achieve better visual quality in the regions of interest. By sufficiently analyzing the spatial and temporal correlation, improve the existing MB level algorithm, such as enhance the accuracy of mean absolute difference estimation and the prediction header information, improve the data point selection for rate-distortion model and bits allocation based on the linear distortion model. Experiment results show that compared with JVT-G012, our new scheme can improve the average PSNR up to 0.3dB, higher the coding efficiency and improve the subjective visual quality.


The effects of aluminum with different concentrations on photosynthetic characters of wild young leaves of Camellia oleifera Abel were studied.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a, b, stomata conductance and net photosyn-thetic rate were increased under low Al concentration and decreased when Al concentration increased.The biomass accumulation of Camellia oleifera Abel was affected by photosynthetic rate.There was little difference of intercellular CO2 concentration among different aluminum treatments.It suggested that Al with low concentration could promote the photosynthesis of Camellia oleifera Abel.


On taper numerical control line the main characteristics of CTW series machine are mobile trace technology of unique four bars connection with silk frame keep-off device coordinate U,V axis and no reverse clearance compensation biplate gear which are used to realize workpiece precision taper processing.The adjustments of the guide wheel and coordinate workbench mobile parameters in the processing are introduced,and the reason for frequent broken wires in quick walk silk reciprocating processing is analyzed.The scientific basis for the taper wire-cutting processing is provided.


A series of supported ammonium molybdophosphat catalysts(AMPA/SiO_2) with different loading was prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate,ammonium molybdate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate by sol-gel method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and IR spectrometry.The catalytic activities of these catalysts were evaluated for the liquid phase nitration of benzene in 65% nitric acid without solvent at 70 ℃.Results indicate that supported catalyst still maintained the Keggin structure of ammonium molybdophosphate catalyst and exhibited high nitration reaction catalytic activity and high selectivity of mononitrobenzene.Among these catalysts,the catalyst with 10% loading showed maximum activity(96%),with 100% selectivity towards mononitrobenzene.The reusability of the catalysts was also studied,and it was found that there was no obvious change for catalyst phase and structure after being reused four times,although the active component had somewhat been lost in the reaction process.


In this paper, the performance analysis of convolutional neural network (CNN) with multi-level memristor crossbar is presented. Multi-level memristor crossbar is used to implement the Vector-Matrix Multiplication (VMM), which is the most computationally intensive step in the CNN algorithm. A procedure to convert a classical CNN model with floating-point accuracy weights to finite-bit weights implemented with multilevel memristor is presented. The impacts of memristor levels, crossbar line resistance and crossbar array size to the VMM calculation accuracy and the CNN classification accuracy are analyzed in details. As an example, one converted CNN is tested with a down sampled 14x14 hand-writing digits dataset. Classification accuracy of 93% and 95% are achieved with 4-bit memristor crossbar and 5-bit memristor, respectively.


The presented study is associated with assessing the dynamics of the pressure applied to the trigger when making a shot in biathlon competition. The experiment involved five qualified athletes. The educational work and training sessions were completed with them to improve the trigger handling technique before the exper- iment. The pressure was recorded using a thin-film elastic sensor located in the contact zone of the biathlete's finger with the rifle trigger. The test task included shooting series from a standing and lying position both before and after loading. Three different trigger manipulation types were identified. The data indicate the feasibility of developing modern systems designed to improve the athlete's shooting profile in terms of the efforts applied to the trigger.


The copolymerization of Styrene (St) and butadiene (Bd) with Co(acac) 3 -MAO catalyst was investigated. The copolymers consisting of St and Bd with highly cis-1,4-structure could be synthesized with Co(acac) 3 -MAO catalyst without formation of homopolymer, although the St contents in the copolymer were not high. The copolymer composition curve for copolymerization of St and Bd with the Co(acac) 3 -MAO is different from that obtained with the Ni(acac) 2 -MAO catalyst. The additive effects of triphenylphosphine (TPP) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) on the copolymerization of St and Bd with the Co(acac) 3 -MAO catalyst, were also investigated. The copolymer yields increased by adding TPP to the Co(acac) 3 -MAO catalyst, although the St contents in the copolymer did not change. In the microstructure of the Bd units in the copolymers, 1,2-contents increased remarkably. The copolymer yields and the microstructure of the copolymer did not change by addition of TFA.


The effect of milling, roasting and cooking was studied on the neurotoxin and other anti-nutrients of grains of 12 genotypes of Lathyrus sativus, viz. Ratan, Nirmal, Prateek, Mahateora, Sihara local, Pusa 24, WBK 2, WBK 12-2, GIYT (LO) IF 1310, GIYT (HB) IF 1327, GIYT (HB) IF 1347 and GIYT (LO) IF 1348 and 2 samples from local market of Kanpur. The neurotoxin (BOAA) content was found in the range of 0.42 to 1.18 mg g−1 in the seed of lathyrus genotypes. The seeds were dehusked and roasted at 120° and 150°C for 2 hrs for removal of neurotoxin. Roasting at 120° and 150°C caused a reduction of 43.18 and 44.32%, respectively in neurotoxin content. The phytates and tannins are other antinutrients of lathyrus, which reduced by 10.8 and 51.3%, respectively on cooking of dehusked grain. The genotypes such as Ratan, Prateek, Mahateora, WBK 2, WBK 12-2, GIYT(LO) IF 1310 and GIYT(LO) IF 1348 were having low neurotoxin in their seed and dehusked grain. Cooking also resulted in a reduction of 5.75% in soluble protein and 18.11% in starch content of dehusked grain.


The measurement of line-edge roughness (LER) has recently become a major topic of concern in the litho-metrology community and the semiconductor industry as a whole, as addressed in the 2001 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) roadmap. The Advanced Metrology Advisory Group (AMAG, a council composed of the chief metrologists from the International SEMATECH (ISMT) consortium's Member Companies and from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has begun a project to investigate this issue and to direct the critical dimension scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM) supplier community towards a semiconductor industry-backed solution for implementation. The AMAG group has designed and built a 193 nm reticle that includes structures implementing a number of schemes to intentionally cause line edge roughness of various spatial frequencies and amplitudes. The lithography of these structures is in itself of interest to the litho-metrology community and will be discussed here. These structures, along with several other photolithography process variables, have been used to fabricate a set of features of varying roughness value and structure which span the LER process space of interest. These references are, in turn, useful for evaluation of LER measurement capability. Measurements on different CD-SEMs of major suppliers were used to demonstrate the current state of LER measurement. These measurements were compared to roughness determined off-line by analysis of top-down images from these tools. While no official standard measurement algorithm or definition of LER measurement exists, definitions used in this work are presented and compared in use. Repeatability of the measurements and factors affecting their accuracy were explored, as well as how CD-SEM parameters can affect the measurements.


In this article, we revealed the maximum values of pentafluoropropane (PFP) absorbed by acrylate-type monomers and UV-curable resins causing radical photopolymerization and measured the viscosities in a state saturated with PFP. We described the influences of PFP condensable gas effectively used in UV nanoimprinting on the morphologies of resin patterns fabricated by UV nanoimprinting. The weights of the resins and monomers were increased by exposure to a PFP atmosphere, while the viscosities were reduced markedly. The absorption of PFP depended on the chemical structures of the monomers. The solubility parameter calculated by the Hoy method clearly suggested that the monomer with a solubility parameter of 20 (J cm-3)1/2 absorbed the most PFP. The UV-curable resin composed of the monomer absorbing a large amount of PFP resulted in morphological changes in nanoimprinted resin patterns where the height was lowered and the outermost surface became rough. The UV-curable resins having hydroxyl groups play an important role in preserving the size fidelity of UV-nanoimprinted resin patterns.


Information security learning and teaching are always a challenge because cryptography algorithms and network security protocol are complex and abstract. Therefore, an information security e-learning and demonstration platform named Cryptokit-SYSU is developed based on RCP (Rich Client Platform) to help information security teaching and learning. Compared with other similar software, Cryptokit-SYSU has many advantages such as good extensibility, visualization, easy operation, and friendly UI etc.


Nigeria is blessed with both human and natural resources. This review work exposes the various architectural sites and monuments in Bauchi state; Nigeria. Bauchi state is home to the Yankari Game Reserve, rock paintings at Geji and Shira, the state museum and among others. The study area under exposition further discusses tourism potential, architecture, population growth, preservation of cultural heritage and immense contribution to nation building. Hence,the contribution of this work can never be over emphasized as the results and recommendations are well relevant to professionals, tourists and future possibilities of explorations in the region.


To achieve high spatial capacity, wireless cellular networks consider the dense deployment of base stations (BSs) that cover small cells. As a consequence, inter-cell interference (ICI) from neighboring BSs becomes a major source of performance degradation and the portion of users whose capacity is naturally limited by ICI grows. In order to fully attain the potential gain of multi-cell networks, the coordination of transmissions among BSs which can effectively manage ICI is essential. In this paper, we propose a distributive queueaware intra-cell user scheduling and inter-cell interference (ICI) management control design for a delay-optimal celluar downlink system with M base stations (BSs), and K users in each cell. Each BS has K downlink queues for K users respectively with heterogeneous arrivals and delay requirements. The ICI management control is adaptive to joint queue state information (QSI) over a slow time scale, while the user scheduling control is adaptive to both the joint QSI and the joint channel state information (CSI) over a faster time scale.


Hydrogels as "smart sorbents" for wastewater treatment have attracted much attention due to their facile fabrication, rapid regeneration, environment friendly nature, and strong interaction with pollutants. In this study, gum arabic/acrylamide (GA/AM) hydrogel was developed via the free radical polymerization method by employing acrylamide (AM) (monomer), gum arabic (GA) (grafting backbone), N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) (chemical crosslinker), and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) (accelerator). The fabricated adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and surface area analyzer. The adsorption properties of the subject hydrogel were explored against cationic safranin and toluidine dyes in aqueous media. The point of zero charge (PZC) for the GA/AM sorbent was found to be

 p

 H

 PZC

 =
 7.1

 whereas maximum sorption occurred at pH 11. Different kinetic and isotherm models were applied to evaluate the adsorption mechanism and estimate values of different adsorption parameters. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics were better explained by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model whereas the adsorption thermodynamics depicted the endothermic, spontaneous, and favorable nature of the process. The adsorbent was regenerated with acetone and reused for the selected dyes for many cycles. After the 5th cycle, the hydrogel retained safranin/toluidine removal

 capacity
 ≥
 60
 %

 which pointed toward the reusability of the prepared adsorbent for cycles without appreciable reduction in its adsorption capacity. Hence, the GA/AM sorbent can be applied as an alternative of activated carbon to treat dye-contaminated waters.


We give parallel and distributed algorithms for the housing allocation problem. In this problem, there is a set of agents and a set of houses. Each agent has a strict preference list for a subset of houses. We need to find a matching such that some criterion is optimized. One such criterion is Pareto Optimality. A matching is Pareto optimal if no coalition of agents can be strictly better off by exchanging houses among themselves. We also study the housing market problem, a variant of the housing allocation problem, where each agent initially owns a house. In addition to Pareto optimality, we are also interested in finding the core of a housing market. A matching is in the core if there is no coalition of agents that can be better off by breaking away from other agents and switching houses only among themselves.
In the first part of this work, we show that computing a Pareto optimal matching of a house allocation is in {\bf CC} and computing the core of a housing market is {\bf CC}-hard. Given a matching, we also show that verifying whether it is in the core can be done in {\bf NC}. We then give an algorithm to show that computing a maximum Pareto optimal matching for the housing allocation problem is in {\bf RNC}^2 and quasi-{\bf NC}^2. In the second part of this work, we present a distributed version of the top trading cycle algorithm for finding the core of a housing market. To that end, we first present two algorithms for finding all the disjoint cycles in a functional graph: a Las Vegas algorithm which terminates in $O(\log l)$ rounds with high probability, where $l$ is the length of the longest cycle, and a deterministic algorithm which terminates in $O(\log^* n \log l)$ rounds, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the graph. Both algorithms work in the synchronous distributed model and use messages of size $O(\log n)$.


1 Deptt. of Dairy Engineering, College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, C.G.K.V., Raipur 2 Department of Dairy Engineering, S.M.C. College of Dairy Science, AAU, Anand 3Department of Agricultural Processing and Food Engineering, I.G.K.V., Raipur 4 Department of Dairy Engineering, College of Dairy Technology, PVNRTVU, Kamareddy *Department of Dairy Engineering, College of Dairy Technology, Kavalkhed road, COVAS, campus, Tal. Udgir, Dist. Latur, Maharasthra413517, India *Corresponding author


Assessment of risk factors 46 children were allocated to MPH (the dose was titrated to balance behaviour change and side effects in 5 mg steps to a target dose of 0.7 mg/kg body weight twice daily) and 45 were allocated to placebo. 27 children allocated to placebo crossed over to MPH (none due to the onset of tic disorder), and 1 child assigned to MPH dropped out (none crossed over to placebo). The final MPH group had 72 children and the placebo group had 18.


We examine whether the practice of initial audit fee discounting persists for high internal control risk clients. Auditing standards require auditors to use a risk-based approach to conduct and price their audits, yet we predict the intense price competition for new audits dominates control risk pricing effects. Consistent with our prediction, we find initial audits of clients that disclose a prior year material weakness in internal control over financial reporting (MW) receive significant fee discounts relative to ongoing engagements. Further, the fee discounts do not impair audit quality, measured using accruals quality and restatements. Additional tests reveal that prior year MW-initial audit fee discounting is strongest among clients: with no current MW, audited by Big 4 firms, in high audit competition markets, audited by auditor specialists, and during non-crisis periods. We contribute to both the regulatory debate regarding initial audit fee cutting and the initial engagement literature by shedding light on the prevalence and consequences of initial audit fee cutting for high control risk clients.


In this paper, the dynamic mechanical properties of EPDM/Al(OH) 3 composites were studied with dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA). The results show that the volume fraction, particle size and surface state of Al(OH) 3 particles have great effects on dynamic mechanical properties and glass transition process of composites. The mechanical loss peak temperature of composite shifts to high temperature region, peak value reduces and the width of half a peak value becomes wide with an increase in Al(OH) 3 particles volume fraction.


Here we are usually dealing with a " ground field " F and an extension field K. Throughout we will only consider finite extensions K : F. In most examples F is the field of rational numbers Q. While other examples will be considered, one may well think about F as Q in the first reading.


The removal of titanium minerals from kaolin can be accomplished by treatment with dispersing agents in an amount in excess of that required to produce maximum deflocculation of the kaolinite particles. In this reflocculated state the kaolinite particles attain a high degree of suspensional stability, and the titanium mineral particles, primarily anatase, are liberated and can be separated by sedimentation. Substantial removal ofanatase impurities can be achieved by this method.


Today, the insufficient of speed, quality, and precision in the service provided with the increasing density in the enterprises located in social areas, and the fact that standard products are made rather than optional products are observed as a disadvantageous situation in terms of people's demands. Although liquid filling systems used in industrial production facilities include features that are important for production such as speed, quality, and efficiency, they arise problems in social areas in terms of design, size, economy, and personalized production. In solving the problems, it is realized a special liquid filling system that both meets the needs of people to highly and includes the features of the production systems used in the industry. In the study, a fruit juice filling system that produces fruit juice in the ratio and amount desired by the user using four different juices is proposed. It is thought that when the study done by reducing the need for space with a compact design and increasing the production speed with station-based processes is applied to the private sector, both operating costs are reduced, and end-user demands are met to the desired extent. It is observed that the effect of the cycle time on the unit production time is reduced in the mass production method used in the system, while the cycle time is directly equal to the production time in the private production method. In addition, when the mass production method is used, it is observed that increasing the selection of different fruit juices reduces the production time, as it distributes the filling time to more than one station.


Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into two groups, Group A and Group B depending on the treatment plan indicated. In Group A, 50 patients were treated with closed reduction and IMF was kept for 4-6 weeks. In Group B, 50 patients treated with open reduction and internal fi xation on Champy's line of osteosynthesis under general anesthesia and the arch bar was kept for 10 days. Half of the subjects of each group received the oral prophylaxis at the time of arch bar removal (Group A1 and Group B1). The patients were examined for injury to gums and cheek, avulsion of teeth and wire injuries to the operator and assistant including needle stick injuries, perforation of gloves, fetid odor, coated tongue, iatrogenic injury to adjacent teeth, orthodontic movement of teeth, ischemic necrosis of the periodontium and mucosa, oral hygiene index simplifi ed, Papillary bleeding index, and Russel periodontal index. Results: Orthodontic tooth movement, iatrogenic injury to adjacent teeth and ischemic necrosis of the periodontium and mucosa was reported with no statistical signifi cant difference between groups and subgroups. There was a statistical signifi cant difference in oral hygiene index-simplifi ed, papillary bleeding index and Russel periodontal index between the patients in Group A1 and A2 and also between Group B1 and B2. Conclusion: As per the observations of this study all the patients with arch bars suffer from gingival and periodontal injuries, so it is recommended that oral prophylaxis after removal of arch bar should always be done for early recovery of gingival and periodontal recovery.


textabstractEfforts to employ transvaginal sonography as a method to visualise the
internal genitalia and their contents already date from the late 1960's, when
it was used to detect the embryonic heart beat and to study the female genital
tract. It was reported that embryonic cardiac activity could be detected as
early as 46 days menstrual age or 32 days after ovulation, which is much
earlier than by then available conventional abdominal ultrasound techniques.
However, the equipment was bulky and consisted of a large device producing
A-mode images. Creation of two-dimensional images was extremely difficult
and soon the method was forgotten.
It was only after the introduction of the grey scale technique and of realtime
imaging in the mid-seventies that transvaginal sonography became
feasible again. However, it took a considerable time before its value was
rediscovered. This was probably due more to apprehension on behalf of the
investigator than to lack of acceptance by the patient.
Although the significance of the transvaginal approach was recognised in
the early eighties, notably in the German speaking countries and the United
States, the major breakthrough came from IVF centres where it was first
employed for the puncture of follicles and later for routine monitoring of
induction of follicular growth. It soon became clear that transvaginal
sonography could give more detailed information in the field of early
embryonic development and gynaecological disease. Recently, a host of data
on the first topic has been reported. Its role in late pregnancy is mainly
determined by its accuracy in diagnosing placenta praevia.


To improve health levels, good health literacy is required, in which Indonesia still categorized as low in health awareness. Someone with low health literacy will experience more challenges when using or accessing health care system, especially to identify or being aware about Internet addiction. Thus, electronic consultation come into the picture to provide more engaging and interactive mechanism in discussing several and related issues in order to improve the quality of understanding regarding the topic. It also aims to allow users to browse and investigate the indicator for the purpose to stay healthy or identify the others through online without having to visit doctor at his workplace due to various reasons such as lack of free time. In this study, user experience (UX) perspective was used through RSM (Recognize, Scrutinize and Materialize) design approach by developing and evaluating the prototype with usability testing using concrete scenarios with alternative design. Also, this study implement alternative design in the design phases to expand the usability criteria and aspects to align with the user demand as the critical factors and trigger for success implementation.


Many ethnomathematical studies examine the existence of mathematics concepts in Indonesian cultural products where batik is one of them. However, there is a lacunae from previous studies that examine the existence of mathematical concepts in Batik Sidoluhur. Therefore, the current study aims to explore mathematical concepts in Batik Sidoluhur, such as geometry, algebra, arithmetic, and statistics. The study used ethnography as an approach by answering four principal questions, namely "where do I start looking?", "how do I find it?", "how do I recognize that it has found something significant?" and "how to understand what it is?". By answering the questions, researchers managed to examine the mathematical concept contained in Batik Sidoluhur. From the four mathematical concepts explored, namely geometry, algebra, statistics, and arithmetic, only the concept of geometry is contained in Batik Sidoluhur and has been confirmed by a geometry expert. Sub-concepts of geometry found are (1) sub-concepts of geometry transformations such as translation and reflection, (2) plane geometry such as rhombuses, rectangles, triangles, and circles, and (3) congruence. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as materials to promote Batik Sidoluhur to the younger generation through contextual and meaningful mathematics learning. In this article also explained how to use the context of Batik Sidoluhur in mathematics learning.


Mobile phone is a device that keeps in contact with our sensitive body parts including faces, hands, nose, ears, and lips, etc. most of the time. Although we know many bad aspects of mobile phones; we are indifferent to its bacterial contamination. Smartphone screen is an endless reservoir of pathogenic bacteria and works as an object in spreading those bacteria. The purpose of the study was to identify pathogenic bacteria from smartphone screen and finding some common causes of bacterial contamination. So, a public survey was conducted among 100 students from the Dept. of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi to know the uses pattern of their particular smartphone. Then, for the lab-based work samples were collected from the smartphone screen of the students by sterile swabs moistened with normal saline water. Among the samples, four strains were selected based on bacterial concentration for further analysis. Out of four, two strains were gram-positive and two were gram-negative. Biochemical tests indicated that all of them were pathogenic and the selected gram-positive bacteria were coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species.16S-rRNA gene sequencing identified the selected two-gram negative strains as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibiotic sensitivity test referred that all the bacteria were multidrug-resistant and may be dangerous for compromised immune patients.


This research paper shows that materials GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) and bonding steel plate, were used to rehabilitate 12 numbers of reinforced concrete (RC) beam of size 75x150x1750mm for M20 grade of concrete. These were distressed in flexure by adopting av/d ratio 3 and 4 under two point loading conditions by taking 90% of the ultimate load. Then, these distressed beams were repaired and retested up to failure. The aim of this study is to determine the suitability of best rehabilitate material type to be used in RC beams for repairing and restoring good strength and for considering economical aspects. Hardened concrete specimens were tested for compression and flexure test. The results of these experiments show that beams repaired using bonding plate gave less deflection than other two materials. The flexural strength increased significantly up to 13% for concrete beams repaired with bonding plate similarly, flexural strength increased up to 10% for GFRP


The metabolic changes in blood may reflect the biochemical composition of follicular fluid and this may influence oocyte and surrounding somatic cell quality. The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic stressors composition composition of follicular fluid and sera of sheep and goat. Serum and follicular fluid samples were assayed for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, ammonia, non-esterified fatty acids and betahydroxyburyric acids. Result showed that the trends of metabolic stressors compositions in sera and follicular fluid were found to be similar in sheep and goats. The serum concentrations for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids were significantly higher compared to follicular fluid. The ammonia and beta-hydroxyburyric acids concentrations were significantly higher in follicular fluid. No significant difference was observed in urea concentration between sera and follicular fluid. ! 2013 Trade Science Inc. INDIA


Nowadays, machine learning based methods are among the most popular ones for malware detection. However, most of the previous works use a single type of features, dynamic or static, and take them to build a binary classification model. These methods have limited ability to depict characteristic malware behaviors and suffer from insufficiently sampled benign samples and extremely imbalanced training dataset. In this paper, we present FENOC, an ensemble one-class learning framework for malware detection. FENOC uses hybrid features from multiple semantic layers to ensure comprehensive insights of analyzed programs, and constructs detection model via CosTOC (Cost-sensitive Twin One-class Classifier), a novel one-class learning algorithm, which uses a pair of one-class classifiers to describe malware class and benign program class respectively. CosTOC is more flexible and robust when handling malware detection problems, which is imbalanced and need low false positive rate. Meanwhile, a random subspace ensemble method is used to enhance the generalization ability of CosTOC. Experimental results show that to detect unknown malware, FENOC has a higher detection rate and a lower false positive rate, especially in the situations that training datasets are imbalanced.


A network of modular protein complexes inside a cell coordinates many biological processes and is known as protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. A PPI network can be modeled as a graph, in which edges represent interactions among proteins, and sub graphs represent protein complexes. Previous methods for protein complex mining from PPI network mainly focused on few topological features like density and degree statistics based on the assumption that proteins inside a complex are highly interactive with each other and thus form dense subgraphs. While this assumption is true for some complexes, it doesn't hold for many others. The important biological information within the protein amino acid sequences, which estimates the interacting property among two proteins for performing a specific biological function is not considered in most of the previous studies. There is a need for algorithms that consider both topological and biological features for correctly identifying protein complexes having varying topological structures and biological patterns inside a PPI network. In this paper, we present an algorithm for detecting protein complexes from interaction graphs. By using graph topological patterns and biological properties as features, we model each complex sub graph by decision tree learners. We use a training set of known complexes to construct decision trees in depth first and BEST FIRST manner using divide and conquer strategy. Splitting criterion, such as information and Gini gain are used in tree expansion process. Training set is divided into subsets and each subset is represented as a branch of tree. Pruning techniques are used to reduce the size of tree. We applied our method to protein interaction data in yeast on two benchmark data sets, i.e., MIPS and CYC2008. According to our results, decision trees achieved a considerable improvement over clique-based algorithms in terms of its ability to recover known complexes by using integrated biological and topological properties.