We calculated the frequency ω versus the wave vector K for elastic waves propagating in both thick and thin plates consisting of solid inclusions placed periodically in the host material. We were particularly interested in the possible creation of spectral gaps (stop bands) in all directions of propagation for bending waves. We found that Mo, Fe, steel, or Pb inclusions forming a two dimensional hexagonal lattice in a Lucite host give rise to spectral gaps.


The invention without increasing the circuit dimension providing a plurality of image forming apparatus and cartridge communication. In order to achieve this, the device comprises a control circuit having an input terminal for receiving an output terminal, and a transmission signal from the cartridge for outputting a clock signal and data signal used to generate the transmission signal of the cartridge . The apparatus includes N connectors, each of which has a second electrode connected to the first electrode and the second electrode side which is connected to a first electrode surface of each cartridge. The apparatus includes a one-to-N second signal line for connecting a one-to-N first signal line, and an output terminal for connecting the input terminal to the N first electrodes to the N second electrodes. The apparatus includes an N number of switches interposed between the branching point N 1 and the second electrode in the second signal line. The image forming apparatus, communication apparatus, the cartridge,


Abstract The HIV infection rate in Poland is 3.3 per 100,000 and concerns mostly young adults. 2,764 students from 12 universities in the Podkarpackie region were examined. A high percentage of students had experiences of sexual contacts without condoms: vaginal contacts—40%, oral—22%, anal—14%, with strangers (8.3%) or little-known persons (9.6%), while alcohol-intoxicated (both partners—20.3%, one partner—14.8%) or drug-intoxicated (both partners—4%, one—4.2%). 3.8% admitted to having injected drugs, 1.2%—tattooed, and 4.9%—pierced in non-sterile conditions. Students who were not tested also displayed risky behaviors.


Encouraged by the successful flexible modifications of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), antifungal activity guided the divergent synthesis of nicotinamides of the pre-validated pharmacophore 2-(2-oxazolinyl)aniline was conducted. The work highlighted the first utilization of late-stage C-H functionalization assisted by the innate pharmacophore for the discovery of promising agrochemicals. New synthetic methodology and antifungal exploration of alkoxylated nicotinamides were accomplished. 55 Functionalized nicotinamides in 7 types were rationally designed and efficiently prepared through C-H functionalization, which facilitated the acquirement of four N-para aryloxylated nicotinamides (E3, E13, E19, and E22) as potential antifungal candidates against Botrytis cinerea, with the EC50 values lower than 5 mg/L. In vivo/vitro biotest, molecular docking and structural analysis reconfirmed the novelty and practical potential of the antifungal candidates E3 and E19. This operationally simple platform will provide various "polar parts" and offer intriguing opportunities for the optimization of the carboxamide fungicides and structure-related pharmaceuticals.


V ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VII TABLE OF CONTENTS IX LIST OF FIGURES XII LIST OF TABLES XIV LIST OF ACRONYMS XV OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS XVII CHAPTER


By JEAN DAUSSET, JEAN MOULLEC AND JEAN BERNARD B Y POLYAGGLUTINABILITY is meant the tendency of certain red cells to be agglutinated by all human sera, irrespective of the ABO groups involved. It is necessary to distinguish between the polyagglutinability which is acquired through aging in vitro (Hubener-Thomsen-Friedenreich phenomenon) and which is often called panagglutinability from the spontaneous form which occasionally appears in certain patients. In this case the phenomenon is observed as soon as the sample is obtained. Hubener1 in 1925 and later Thomsen24 in 1927 found that red blood cells kept in vitro for a while can become agglutinable by all human sera, irrespective of the blood groups. Friedenreich5 in 1930 showed that this phenomenon is due to contamination by certain bacteria which, by their enzymes, uncover an antigen, T, capable of reacting with an anti-T agglutinin present in all adult sera. The spontaneous polyagglutinability so observed may be a grave source of error in the determination of the blood group in human beings. There are 14 well studied cases of polyagglutinability in the literature.6 #{176} In most of these an infection was evident: pneumococcal septicemia,6 pelvic abscess,3 postahortional uterine infection,9 septicemia with pyogenous infection of the skin,10 pneumococcal meningitis,13 urinary infection,15 salpingitis.1#{176} In one case, congenital syphilis was present7; in another there was a generalized cancer.17 Two of the cases were apparently normal.7'11 In one case the polya glutinahility was associated with an acquired hemolytic anemia complicated with a thrombocytopenic purpura. This peculiar case is that of a seven weeks' old child14 who had the serologic findings of an acquired hemolvtic anemia with autoantibodies. In all these cases polyagglutinability was only temporary. Many attempts have been made to explain the polyagglutinability observed in clinical medicine on the same basis as the phenomenon of HubenerThomsen-Friedenreich. Some authors have shown that red blood cells from patients with polyagglutinability have the same behavior as the red cells whose antigen T has been revealed through aging them in vitro.7'9'12'13'15 Reepmaker15


This paper presents of Effect of Activated Temperature on Polymerization Reaction of Kaolinfrom 13 locations in Thailand by mixing different alkali solution such as Na2SiO35H2O, Na2CO3,Na2HPO4, Na3PO4, KOH and NaOH. Polymerization reaction of the specimens were activated undertemperature of 40°C, 60°C and 80°C for 24 hours. Heat development and heat evolution rate duringstabilization along with chemical composition were determined by calorimetric study. From theexperiment, it was found that when increase activated temperature than total heat development andtotal heat evolution rate increase all specimens.Futhermore, it was found that almost all of specimenswith KOH have heat development and heat evolution rate more than those with NaOH at 80°Cactivated temperature except Rayong Kaolin, Ranong Kaolin, Suratthani Kaolin and Naratiwat Kaolinwhich provide similar total heat development and total heat evolution at 40°C and 60°C activatedtemperature. SiO2 / Al2O3 ratio had no effect on polymerization reaction.


The contribution of an industry to the economy is often measured by an input-output calculation showing labour used directly in the industry and indirectly via the production of intermediate inputs for the industry. This paper demonstrates an alternative approach based on simulations with a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. Rather than measuring contribution in terms of resources used, we look at the potential contribution of an industry in terms of the effect on economic welfare of improved performance. We apply our methodology to the Australian motor vehicle industry by simulating the impact that this industry could make if it were to achieve higher productivity growth, higher export growth and the production of cars of greater appeal to Australian consumers.


Basu, A, Eyre J. (2012). A plea for consideration of the less affected hand in therapeutic approaches to hemiplegia. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 54:380–382. Eliasson A-C, Krumlinde Sundholm L, Gordon AM, Feys H, Klingels K, Aarts PBM, et al. (2013). Guidelines for future research in constraint-induced movement therapy for children with unilateral cerebral palsy: an expert consensus. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12273. Eliasson A-C, Shaw K, Berg E, Krumlinde Sundholm L. (2011). An ecological approach of Constraint induced movement therapy for 2-3-year-old children: A randomized control trial. Research in Developmental Disabilities 32:2820–2828. Eyre JA, Taylor JP, Villagra F, Smith M, Miller S. (2001). Evidence of activity-dependent withdrawal of corticospinal projections during human development. Neurology 57:1543–1554. Greaves S, Imms C, Dodd K, Krumlinde Sundholm L. (2013). Development of the Mini-Assisting Hand Assessment: evidence for content and internal scale validity. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 55:1030–1037 Hoare B, Imms C, Villanueva E, Rawicki HB, Matyas T, Carey L. (2013). Intensive therapy following upper limb botulinum toxin A injection in young children with unilateral cerebral palsy: a randomized trial. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 55:238–247. Lowes LP, Mayhan M, Orr T, Batterson N, Tonneman JA, Meyer A, et al. (2013). Pilot Study of the Efficacy of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Infants and Toddlers with Cerebral Palsy. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, Advance online publication. doi: 10.3109/01942638.2013.810186. Martin JH. (2012). Systems neurobiology of restorative neurology and future directions for repair of the damaged motor systems. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 114:515–523. Wallen M, Ziviani J. (2013). Caution regarding the pediatric motor activity log to measure upper limb intervention outcomes for children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 55:497–498.


The air-cooled roll motor,installed in the high-speed wire factory of Tangshan Iron and Steel Company,uses transducer to control the speed,which with the range of 0-50 Hz can not fit the demand of production.Explains the major reasons of the enlargement of the speed adjustment ranges for the air-cooled roll motor and briefly introduces three feasible plans in which the settings and steps of converting not-speed- measure feedback to speed-measure feedback are detailed.


An improved implementation of the Chua's chaotic oscillator is proposed. The new realization is based on the use of voltage and current followers to construct the active three-segment voltage-controlled nonlinear resistor. The proposed circuit is optimized for low-voltage operation with plusmn1.5 V, by using standard CMOS technology of 0.35 mum AMS. The HSPICE simulations performed in both time and frequency domains, show that the proposed topology can generate the original chaotic oscillations from Chua's circuit, where the chaotic spectrum is extended at high frequencies.


Lead concentrations in spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) collected from the vicinity of a sphalerite–galena mine and an ore concentration plant in West Greenland have been measured through a period of 2 yr before and 4 yr after mining operations started. Lead levels increased significantly since mining started, and accumulation takes place in liver and kidney, not in muscle tissue. The increased lead levels are not a risk to public health. Small fish have higher lead concentrations than larger ones. Key words: wolffish, arctic, liver, muscle, kidney, lead, zinc–lead mining


The April 22, 1991, Valle de la Estrella, Costa Rica earthquake (Ms = 7.6) was a back-arc thrusting event associated with the underthrusting of the Caribbean plate beneath Central America. A network of three PASSCAL-type, portable instruments was deployed to monitor the aftershock activity in southern Costa Rica 2 to 6 weeks after the main shock. The waveforms recorded on three-component midperiod seismometers were used to recover source information for 15 small aftershocks (magnitudes between 3.2 and 4.4) with a linear moment tensor inversion method. We conducted several tests to investigate the effects of unknown structure and event mislocation on source parameter recovery. The longer-period waveforms, in general, are less sensitive to the effects of the structural details so that the essential source information can be successfully extracted from the waveform data. The earlier part of the seismic wave-forms has proven to be the most important carrier of the source information. A gross crustal model can be used to describe the structure for the source study. The small changes in the waveform character resulting from the mislocation of the events, or inexact Green's functions generated from the oversimplified crustal model, do not prohibit us from the recovery of the source orientation at local distances. In contrast, the determination of the focal depth is subject to uncertainty because of the lack of detailed structural information. Our focal mechanisms are generally in good agreement with P wave first-motion fault plane solutions determined from a local short-period network. The aftershocks show a clear spatial segmentation based on focal mechanism type. Most aftershocks near or southeast of the main shock were thrusting events with focal mechanisms similar to the main shock. In contrast, a cluster of aftershocks northwest of the main shock showed dominantly left-lateral, strike-slip motion on a northeasterly striking nodal plane. This suggests that a diffuse deformation zone exists in central Costa Rica and is characterized by left-lateral strike-slip motion. This diffuse, transcurrent deformation zone coincides with several geologic and geophysical features, and perhaps is a result of the slower subduction rate of the buoyant Cocos Ridge, than its adjacent segments along the Middle America Trench (MAT). The diffuse transcurrent boundary may intersect with the North Panama Deformed Belt (NPDB) near limon, Costa Rica, and is very likely a plate boundary for the proposed Panama block.


We study the effects of new imported inputs on the entry of new domestic products and their characteristics. To this purpose, we construct a novel, comprehensive and extremely detailed dataset, which contains product-level information on foreign trade and domestic production for 25 EU countries over 1995-2007. Using these data, we identify new domestic goods and new imported inputs, controlling for all changes in commodity classifications over time. We then show that new imported inputs substantially boost the introduction of new domestic products. We also show that this effect is directly proportional to the quality of new imported inputs and inversely related to their price (conditional on quality). Finally, we document that new products are characterized by higher prices and higher quality relative to existing goods, and that such premia are larger the greater is the use of new imported inputs in production.


Open domain event extraction is a recently-introduced type of event extraction that extracts, aggregate and categorize important events. This is done without any domain specific guidance such as special training data or extraction rules. Because OEE is domain-independent, it helps the final users managing the unstructured data in an easy way. OEE help users creating complex queries or finding a new domain when they have an unknown structure of the explored events. We can help the user by generating a simplified relational schema that describes the extracted events in any given domain. For systems that extract events within a narrow domain, the schema is easily specified in advance. While, the events and types extracted with OEE do not fit with full schema information: we can't know in advance what schema is appropriate for each discovered type. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach of schema discovery based on probabilistic generative models especially LinkLDA for open-domain event extraction. This approach aims to develop an algorithm to automatically derive high quality smart schemas from the extracted events. To evaluate the quality of our results, we will carry out our experiments on a set of events extracted from twitter, the most up-to-date stream of current events.


This paper deals with the issue of reliably transmission of short messages through satellite. The problem is of paramount importance for emergency and alerting scenarios. In particular, we propose a novel efficient Network Coding (NC) communication scheme aiming to improve the delivery probability of the transmitted information messages. A suitable analytical approach has been developed in order to highlight the performance of the proposed NC scheme and to allow its optimization. The accuracy of the proposed approach has been validated by resorting to computer simulations. Performance comparisons with the classical NC scheme are also presented here to highlight the advantages of the proposed NC scheme in the case of AWGN and Rician communication channels.


The error analysis for regularized regression algorithm based on time series is conducted.The error is divided into regularization error and sampling error.The regularization error is given by a Hoeffding-type inequality based on time series;the sample error,on the other hand,is defined by the covering number and the other Hoeffding-type inequality based on time series,with which an upper bound for the error analysis is provided.The results show that the learning rates can achieve exponential convergence.


Sales staff is a key element in achieving successful sales and attracting customers. It has direct contact with customers and plays a significant role in shaping their decision to buy a product. Sales staff motivated for work will also achieve better business results. Through this paper, it is pointed the importance of adequately managing the sales team as well as motivating the sales team to achieve successful business results. The conducted research shows how motivation affects sales staff and what forms of motivation and reward have the greatest impact on employees. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire survey, and based on the collected data, information on the impact of motivation on the efficiency of sales staff work was gained. Based on the obtained results it is evident that rewarding and motivating employees is essential for encouraging more efficient performance. Namely, motivated employees will perform their work tasks more efficiently and will feel satisfied and will be able to transfer that sense of satisfaction to the customers and thus increase sales. The results show that respondents are not overly satisfied with the rewarding and motivating system that is being implemented in their company. There is a need to foster awareness in companies about the importance of motivating sales staff to successfully implement sales and achieve positive business outcomes.


Although the number of wood-boring beetles attacking fruit trees is relatively small and their infestations sporadic, some species found in New York are able to slowly weaken and eventually kill a tree that was once healthy (Agnello 1999). The Prionus borer is the grub or larval stage of a large longhorned beetle called the broadnecked root borer (Prionus laticollis), which is among the largest of the North American beetles (Figure 1); the adult can be over 1 3/4 inches in length, and the fully grown borer larva can reach 3.5 inches. During the past few years, these borers have been found in the roots and crowns of Red Delicious apple trees in a commercial orchard near Northport, Long Island; several trees in the orchard were attacked and as many as 3–4 borers were found in each tree. Broadnecked Prionus has also been reported damaging apple roots in Rhode Island and New Hampshire. Unlike other tree-boring insects, these beetles usually select mature, healthy trees to attack. All injury is caused by the larvae; adults do not feed. Adults of this species emerge from the soil in late June through


Surface technology and surface analysis are key areas in modern materials science. Application specific modifications of the surface chemistry by optimized processes are necessary in many cases for the fabrication of high-technology composite materials as well as for state-of-the-art
 manufacturing processes in consumer industry. The monitoring and control of modifications on organic surfaces require analytical techniques which are highly sensitive, non-destructive and yielding detailed information about the chemical composition on the surface. Among the discussed topics
 in this contribution are the characterization of modified organic surface species using IR and ion spectroscopic techniques, and contact-angle measurements.


The difficulty of obtaining large-scale labeled radar data hinders the generalization of supervised deep learning algorithms, which makes the performance of these approaches drop when applied to a new domain. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised adversarial domain adaptation method with radar micro- Doppler spectrograms for human activity recognition. An improved adversarial loss, which has the same mechanism as Generative Adversarial Network, is employed for optimization. Besides, a multi-layer domain discriminator is presented in this method. A simulated dataset (source domain) with labeled radar spectrograms and a measured dataset (target domain) with unlabeled spectrograms are utilized for experiment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has good performance (with an average accuracy of 81.6%) on recognizing human activities without labeled measured spectrograms in the target domain. And comparison experiments with several state-of-the-art domain adaptation methods also indicate the efficiency of the proposed model.


Asthma is a common disease in children. Adherence to inhaled glucocorticoid therapy directly affects the outcome of asthma. The article mainly reviews the adherence status, assessment method, patient barriers to non-adherence and intervention strategy, so as to provide references for clinical practices and scientific research of nursing staff.

Key words:
Asthma; Medication adherence; Child; Inhalation therapy


The scope of forest planning is rapidly extending beyond traditional timber production to sustainable management of biodiversity. Biodiversity in forestry usually refers to variety of species but also includes genetic variations and $patial variations of landscape. Ihe usual approaches in forest biodiversity quantification, however, face fundamental problems in measurement and analysis, because diversity is a particularly cemplex and difficult subject at the landscape-level. In this study, we evaluate forest compartments of the Miya River Watershed, Mie Prefecture in Japan with a newly proposed index of landscape biodiversity called the Land Use Diversity Index (LUDI). The results of this study indicated that the LUDI was an effective method both for calculating forest landscape biodiversity and for planning tactical forest management. In particular, by using empirical information on forest vegetation, we were able to detect areas of forest that were most and least important for maintenance of biodiversity in forest planning.


We analyze relief graphene gratings by the coordinate transformation method (the Cmethod). This method is also used for analysis of multilayer gratings with graphene sheets at the interfaces. By using this method, we are able to obtain the efficiency of deep graphene gratings with fast convergence rate while previous methods are limited to very shallow graphene gratings. Moreover, a terahertz polarizer is designed by relief graphene grating. Polarization extinction ratio and transmittance of single-layer and double-layer polarizer are simulated by the C-method. Doublelayer polarizer gives extinction ratio from 22 dB to 10 dB over a frequency range of 1 GHz to 4 THz.


The paper analyzes several concepts of postmodern philosophy, which are used in modern warfare. The conclusion is made that in the course of the armed conflicts it is possible to exploit information and communication reasons, created with the postmodern attitude as a philosophy of information society. The postmodern concept is understood as the intuitively perceived structure of power relations, providing manipulative impact on the audience. The multiplicity of truths inspires to recognize facts that can be useful as sheer truths. The discourse imposes the system of restrictions, rules and regulations on what is authorized to be said publically. The Author's death is used to conceal the social actors, initiating special events. The rhizome is aimed at redefining the values of binary oppositions. Bricolage contributes to the transformation of values through the use of new or unusual alterations of characters. Irony as a thinly veiled mockery provokes lifestyle and line of thought of people. Deconstruction creates new meanings by breaking the stereotype or through inclusion of familiar ideas in a new context. Hyperreality means designing the space of false signs – simulacra, divorced from the real events. Society of the Spectacle is amounted to a mass distribution of fabricated pseudo-events. It is proved that knowledge of post-modernist concepts would help counteract the negative news acts of modern warfare.


Wikipedia has seen a huge expansion of content since its inception. Pages within this online encyclopedia are organised by assigning them to one or more categories, where Wikipedia maintains a manually constructed taxonomy graph that encodes the semantic relationship between these categories. An alternative, called the category co-occurrence graph, can be produced automatically by linking together categories that have pages in common. Properties of the latter graph and its relationship to the former is the concern of this thesis. The analytic framework, called t-component, is introduced to formalise the graphs and discover category clusters connecting relevant categories together. The m-core, a cohesive subgroup concept as a clustering model, is used to construct a subgraph depending on the number of shared pages between the categories exceeding a given threshold t. The significant of the clustering result of the m-core is validated using a permutation test. This is compared to the k-core, another clustering model. The Wikipedia category co-occurrence graphs are scale-free with a few category hubs and the majority of clusters are size 2. All observed properties for the distribution of the largest clusters of the category graphs obey power-laws with decay exponent averages around 1. As the threshold t of the number of shared pages is increased, eventually a critical threshold is reached when the largest cluster shrinks significantly in size. This phenomena is only exhibited for the m-core but not the k-core. Lastly, the clustering in the category graph is shown to be consistent with the distance between categories in the taxonomy graph.


Younger drivers aged 16 to 18 show disproportionately higher crash rates than middle-aged drivers, partly due to a decrement in their abilities to anticipate latent hazards, mitigate hazards and maintain attention on the forward roadway. Training programs have been developed to train novice drivers on each of the specific skills, hazard anticipation (RAPT), hazard mitigation (ACT), and attention maintenance (FOCAL). The current study both measures the effectiveness of a novel integrated training program (SAFE-T) that takes only a third as long to complete as do the three individual training programs and determines if integrating the training of all three higher cognitive skills will yield results comparable to the existing programs. The results indicated that drivers in the SAFE-T-trained group were significantly more likely to anticipate hazards, quicker and more effective at responding to hazards, and more likely to keep glance durations under a critical threshold of 2 seconds as compared to drivers in the placebo-trained group. Moreover, the results suggest that the SAFE-T training program can effectively reduce the time of the overall training and maintain effect sizes comparable to those of the previous programs.


The National Curriculum Guidelines brought Dentistry a flexible curriculum, allowing each educational institution formulate its own pedagogical proposal to cover and fit the local social reality. The University has an important role in the formation of a professional able to meet the demands of the population, seeking social relevance of the professional act. New professional profiles are needed, who are capable of meeting the health needs of the population, according to the principles and guidelines of UHS. For reach this aim, the vocational training of dental surgeons must rescue the collective character of dentistry practice, initiating the formation of a professional capable of interfere in the reality of the individual and the territory. The study aims to verify the new Dentistry students' expectations and motivations about the course and the labor market, including in the context of the National Curriculum Guidelines and integration with the Unified Health System. A questionnaire was applied to the new students of Dentistry in the first half of 2013 and the data were tabulated using Microsoft Excel software. The data revealed that 46% of freshmen enter college already aiming a specialty, 76.59% of freshmen crave a good financial return, while 53.19% wish to have their own office. We conclude that faced with the autonomous, private and highly specialized job profile, the Academy has a great challenge to deconstruct the imagery brought by the entrants, so that they can be able to work properly in the UHS.


The invention relates to a high-performance electric leakage electric control box, which comprises a control box, wherein a breaker, a contactor, a mutual inductor and an electric leakage integration protector are arranged in the control box, wherein the electric leakage integration protector comprises a zero-sequence transformer, a CPU processor and a breaking control output module; the mutual inductor and the zero-sequence transformer respectively collect a current and a leakage current and transmit signals to the CPU processor; the CPU processor transmits the signals to the breaking control output module; the breaking control output module controls the contactor; an input keyboard is arranged on the control box and is connected with the CPU processor; the control box is provided with a display screen; the display screen is connected with the CPU processor; when a line current or the leakage current exceeds a set value, the CPU processor outputs a breaking signal to a protection relay; and the protection relay disconnects the contactor and cuts off the line current, so as to play a protecting role. The high-performance electric leakage electric control box has the advantages of high flexibility and high functionality, and can adapt to various environment requirements.


We present a numerical approach for estimating the probability density function (PDF) of quantities of interest (QoIs) of power grid systems subject to uncertain power generation and load fluctuations. In our approach, generation and load fluctuations are modeled by means of autocorrelated-in-time random processes, which are approximated in terms of a finite set of random parameters by means of Karhunen-Loeve approximations. The map from random parameters to QoIs is approximated by means of Hermite polynomial expansions. We propose a new approach based on compressive sensing to estimate the coefficients in the Hermite expansions from a small number of realizations (sampling points). Linear transforms identified by iterative rotations are introduced to improve the sparsity of the Hermite representations, exploiting the intrinsic low-dimensional structure of the map. As such, the proposed approach significantly reduces the required number of sampling points to achieve a given accuracy compared to the standard least squares method. The proposed approach is employed to estimate the PDF of relative angular velocities and bus voltages of systems of classical machines driven by autocorrelated random generation. More accurate PDF estimates, as measured by the Kullback-Leibler divergence, are achieved using fewer realizations than required by basic Monte Carlo sampling.


The title compounds were prepared by dehydrocyclization of corresponding substituted N-nitrosoglycines obtained from isomeric o-, m- and p-aminodiphenyl ether with ethyl bromoacetate and subsequent nitrosation of the intermediate N-arylsubstituted glycines.


The classification of different male sterile cytoplasms can provide guide to the utilization of it. In this study,we have investigated five cytoplasm male steriles( CMS) of radish. The five cytoplasm male sterile lines were crossed with 8 fertile breeding lines,and the fertility of the F1 progenies was different. According to the fertility of the F1 progenies,the five cytoplasms were classified into two types. Cytological examination of pollen development stages showed a clear difference in the defective stage from that seen in the two types of male sterility. At the tetrad stage,the tapetum cells of type 1 CMS was bulged by severe cytoplasmic vacuolation,but no significant differences were observed in type 2 CMS during this stage. After the microspores were released,microspores of the type 1 CMS began to degenerate finally resulting in empty anthers without pollen grains. However,the microspores of the type 2CMS plant failed to develop into mature pollen grains. The size of the just-released microspores and the just-beforedehiscence stage microspores remained unchanged. PCR analysis revealed that the type 1 was Ogura CMS and the other was NWB CMS.


A 70-year-old male patient with a history of metastatic lung cancer and type-2 diabetes mellitus presented with a complaint of right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Ultrasound showed a septated renal cyst in the right kidney. Abdominal computed tomography confirmed the presence of a septated cyst measuring 98 × 83 mm in the right kidney with calcifications on the cyst …


In this paper, the Slime Mould optimization Algorithm (SMOA) is proposed to find a cost effective solution to the Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch (CEED) problem. CEED is a multi-objective optimization problem where the main focus is on reducing power generation cost as well as the emission produced by the power generation while satisfying the regulatory constraints. With the term Price Penalty Factor (PPF), the multi-objective CEED is transformed into single-objective optimization problem. Then the SMOA is implemented on four benchmark test systems with complications such as valve-point loading effect and transmission losses. The test results were compared with other renowned optimization methods that were used in previous researches. The comparisons have shown superiority of SMOA over the other methods in terms of cost and emission reduction.


Introduction The numerical simulation of nonlinear resistive MHD instabilities arising in the plasma of fusion devices exhibits substantial resolution requirements, both in poloidal and toroidal direction, demanding for parallelization and strong scaling of the MHD solver. In addition, with the upcoming Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator experiments, numerical tools being able to simulate fully three-dimensional, non-axisymmetric configurations are necessary. To address these issues, we investigate the high order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes. They are conservative schemes, with a continuous polynomial representation locally within each element. Elements couple only to direct face neighbors, and the discontinuous solution at the element interface is resolved via numerical flux functions. Due to the locality of the high order operator, the DG code exhibits high parallel efficiency [4] both for weak and strong scaling. The DG method presented is using 3D unstructured hexahedral meshes, allowing to discretize Tokamaks and Stellarators within the same framework. We briefly sketch the method and the equations as well as the code framework, which involves the generation of 3D high order meshes from MHD equilibria. Also a benchmark simulation of an internal kink MHD instability is presented and compared to the the results with the MHD solver JOREK [1, 2, 3], a well-established tool for Tokamak geometries.


The crystal structure of Sr-gehlenite Sr2Al2Si07 is tetragonal with space group /421m, a = 7.820(1), c=5.264(1) A, Z = 2 and Dx = 3.821 g · cm~ \ and was refined to Λ = 3.6 % using 345 non-equivalent reflections. This compound is confirmed to be isotypic with gehlenite Ca2Al2Si07. In this Sr-gehlenite there is the same partial ordering with Al in T(l) tetrahedra and Al 1/2Si1/2 in T(2) ones as in natural gehlenite. This ΑΙ,/Si distribution is in good agreement with those predicted through the universal bond-strength method and the one corrected for oxygen coordination. Cross-hatched and lamellar structures observed in the latter, however, were neither recognized in the former nor in synthetic gehlenite with the same Al/Si ordering, and so it is not conceivable that these lamellar structures are due to only Al/Si ordering. Judging from the crystallographic geometry of melilite isomorphs, the chemical expansion of their lattice parameters is interpreted as mainly due to the effect of rotation of the T(l) tetrahedra and enlargement of the T(2) — O(l) — T(2') angles. Introduction A recent study (Fitton and Hughes, 1981) presented information on the chemical variation of Sr-rich (up to 16wt-%SrO) melilite discovered as microphenocryst in a nosean-leucite-nephelinite. The strontium analogue of gehlenite, Sr2Al2Si07 was first synthesized by Dear (1957). Moreover Brisi and Abbattista (1960) and Dear (1961) have shown that Sr2Al2Si07 forms continuous solid solutions with Ca2Al2Si07. The crystal structure of natural gehlenite was refined by Louisnathan (1971), who suggests that there is partial ordering of Al and Si in T(l) and T(2) sites, while through the crystal-structure analysis of synthetic gehlenite, Kimata and Ii (1982) demonstrated that the degree of Al/Si ordering is equal, 104 Μ. Kimata: Crystal structure of Sr2Al2SiO but the structural properties of synthetic gehlenite are more suitable for the gehlenite as an end member of melilite solid solution. The principal objective of this study is to define systematically the structural properties of synthetic Sr-gehlenite Sr2Al2Si07 and to scrutinize the mechanism of chemical expansion of melilite structures. Experimental The compound Sr2Al2Si07 was prepared by solid-state reaction between appropriate quantities of SrC0 3 , Al(OH)3 and Si02 . A single crystal was selected from a sample which had been heated at 1600 °C in air for 10 days. A computer-controlled RIGAKU four-circle diffractometer with a generator rotaflex RU-200 and scintillation counter was used to collect the X-ray diffraction data. The diffractometer was controlled by a PANAFACOM U-100 computer. Table 1 presents the crystal and diffraction data for Srgehlenite. Twenty-five reflections in the 2 θ region from 18 — 32° were selected .to calculate the lattice parameters with A(MoA^a!) = 0.70926 Ä, which were Table 1. The crystal and diffraction data for Sr-gehlenite


The African mahogany ( Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.) is a tree native from African continent, which has good quality wood and is used in furniture, shipbuilding, doors, among others. This work aimed to verify the Brazilian regions with climate and soil aptitude to the African mahogany. Rainfall, temperature and types of soil were used with variables of reference, from mahogany origin region, especially in the West African coast. From those variables, it was elaborated a selection criterion of regions considered apt, low apt and unapt to the appropriate mahogany growth and development. Brazilian regions that showed range of temperatures between 23°C and 29°C were considered apt, range from 18°C to 23 °C and from 29°C to 35°C were considered low apt, and when the range of temperature was lower than 18°C and higher than 35°C, unapt. To rainfall variable, areas with amount from 830 to 3000 mm year ‑1 were considerate apt, with values less than 830 and higher than 3000 were unapt. Apt regions, to edaphic characteristics, were those that contain the same types of soils found in the origin region of Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (Ultisol, Oxisol, Neossolo, Quartzarenic Litholic, Insular and Equatorial). From the soil and climate characteristics was determined that 55.62 % of Brazil area was declared apt, 11.66 % apt with slight restrictions, 25.00% apt with mean restriction and 7.71 % restricted.


This study aims to analyze the factors associated with postpartum depression during the Covid-19 pandemic. The first general reactions of parents who have children with mental retardation are shock, fear, sadness, disappointment, guilt, rejection, or anger. These conditions have the potential to cause psychological problems that can lead to depression. There are many factors affecting depression in mothers who have children with mental retardation. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The sample involved 247 respondents determined using an accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with a significant value of <0.05. postpartum mothers who experienced depression were 143 people (57.89). Variables showedrelationship to postpartum depression were age with a p-value of 0.000 and social support with a p-value of 0.002. Both variables were declared significant because the p-value is lower than 0.05. Social support is the most dominant risk factor contributing to incidence of postpartum depression. Important to take preventive measures by involving husbands and families in providing information about maternal child health and anticipating the early detection of postpartum blues postpartum depression with the quality of extracting patient information (anamnesis) to reduce incidence of postpartum depression.


Indoor air pollution has much influnence on people′s health.The paper points out the pathogeny which affects people′s health,analyzes the advanced light scattering theory in detail,builts the mathematics model for on axis lighting on the basis of the theory,and studies the relationship between luminous flux and particle size of single particle.Since the laser scattering signal is very weak,we propose a new method.The open cavity of laser device is regarded as particles injecting area,the power density inside laser device is much larger than that of outside.And combining with the advanced light scattering theory,the particles are counted and classified.The results show that the method is very effective for detecting small particles.


Multimode A2/O process is used in second-phase project of Qingdao Licunhe WWTP.The process can be adjusted to VIP,inverted A2/O with step feed,A2/O and preanoxic+A2/O operating modes.The technological features,design and operating parameters,automation control system upgrading,commissioning measures and operation features are introduced.The operation practice shows that the multimode process has good resistance to shock loading and higher adaptability to the different conditions.The effluent quality reaches the design standard.


Abstract In January of 2014, comedian Bill Maher sought to alter Americans' perception of the federal political system through a satirical advocacy campaign named #FlipADistrict. Through an alternative reading of Kenneth Burke's understanding of satire, scapegoating, and mortification, I argue that #FlipADistrict fostered a critical sense of political awareness and responsibility in Maher's televised audience. By outlining a comically oriented form of satire or satyric satire, this essay connects political humour to Burke's comic frame. Rather than fostering cynicism, this essay posits that #FlipADistrict's comically oriented form of satire advocated Americans become aware of their piety to political partisanship or complacency.


In the subsurface, small but significant quantities of chemicals will be dissolved by groundwater in contact with Non-aqueous Phase Liquids (NAPL) and can result in groundwater contamination. The rate of NAPL dissolution will influence the magnitude of dissolved chemical concentrations in groundwater and the length of time that NAPL sources may cause groundwater contamination. A suitable understanding of NAPL fate in the subsoil is required in order to evaluate the sources of existing dissolved chemical plumes, to allow predictions of future plume migration and to evaluate the effectiveness of dissolved plume purging in situations where NAPL remains in the subsurface. In this study the mathematical formulation necessary to represent the behavior of NAPL in the saturated zone is presented. The results of the simulation of a trichloroethene spill demonstrates that immiscible liquids can act as a continuous contamination source in an aquifer for many decades, even in small quantities.


To position defining holding objects (12) in a vehicle cargo space (1) a double mesh (8) which after receiving articles (12) in this and with horizontal an open edge of a charging opening of the cargo space (1) facing attached on luggage compartment floor (2) is supported.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate extra classes'effectiveness at Smart Secondary School, Johor. This entire research was conducted for about a year using a method called triangualitation which is a combination between quantitative and qualitative method. Six main methods namely survey, questionnaire, interview, observation, documentation checklist and analysis were used to collect data. In questionnaire method, study subject involved 242 respondents constituting teachers who teach in nine of Smart Secondary Schools in Johore while qualitative method involved 10 respondents by interview, 12 aspects observation, 15 aspects checklist and 17 collected documentation which comprises of official document, test material and examination. Respondent sample questionnaire was randomly chosen while interview criteria in interview items had been set by the researcher. Two sets of instruments were carried out in two different schools. Reliability index through pilot study of both instrument sets are from 0.7256 to 0.9165.Quantitative data to be analysed using Computer Software SPSS Version 10.5 For Windows to get statistic mean and standard deviation. Qualitative data were analyzed using a coding system adapted from Marohaini (2001) research findings indicate that additional classes can improve performance in learning and it is extended by the students'excellence in tests. However, researchers recommended the implementation of intensive counseling classes should be extended to other subjects.


The Bronsted acids H2O·B(C6F5)3 and D2O·B(C6F5)3 have been synthesized. Reaction of neutral divalent metallocenes [M(η-C5H5)2], M = Cr, Fe or Co, with two equivalents of H2O·B(C6F5)3 2a resulted in metallocene oxidation and formation of salts containing [M(η-C5H5)2]+ cations together with the hydroxoborate anion [HOB(C6F5)3]– which is hydrogen bonded to the second acid equivalent, namely [M(η-C5H5)2][(F5C6)3BOH· · ·H2OB(C6F5)3], M = Cr 3a, Fe 4a or Co 5a. Treatment of one equivalent of 2a and one equivalent of B(C6F5)3 1 with [M(η-C5H5)2] yielded salts containing the same metallocene cations but now with µ-OH bridged anions, as in [M(η-C5H5)2][(F5C6)3B(µ-OH)B(C6F5)3], where M = Cr 3b or Co 5b. All products have been characterised by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and the single-crystal structures of 2a, 3a, 4a, and 5a have been determined.


The use of ozone and UV/H 2 O 2 -oxidation for the treatment of a poorly biodegradable industrial waste water was investigated. The aim was to enhance biodegradability and to decrease toxicity and relevant parameters. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), spectral absorbance at λ = 254 nm and 436 nm, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the toxicity against Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna were measured. Results showed that the biodegradability of the oxidized waste water samples could be slightly enhanced. The decrease of DOC and the spectral absorbance was mainly caused by chemical oxidation and not by biodegradation. On the other hand, toxic effects of the oxidized samples disappeared after biodegradation. Daphnia magna showed similar reactions on all oxidized samples, whereas Vibrio fischeri was more sensitive against UV/H 2 O 2 treated samples. In the combined chemically and biologically treated samples almost no difference in the toxicity could be observed depending on the oxidation method applied.


The intermetallic phases formed between the rare earth metals (R) and the elements of the 3-d transition series are a large group of new substances with interesting magnetic properties. They have been studied intensely in the last decade. Their properties are reviewed with a view toward their usefulness for permanent magnets. Some aspects of the recently developed magnets based on certain RCo 5 compounds are discussed. The prediction is made that second-generation rare earth magnets can be developed using R 2 (Co,Fe) 17 alloys. These should have energy products and thermal stability superior even to sintered SmCo 5 , while being less expensive. Experimental evidence supporting this claim is discussed.


Transportation of goods plays a vital role for the success of a logistics network. The ability to transport goods quickly and cost effectively is one of the major requirements of the customers. Dynamics involved in the logistics process like change or cancellation of orders or uncertain information about the orders add to the complexity of the logistic network and can even reduce the efficiency of the entire logistics process. This brings about a need of integrating technology and making the system more autonomous to handle these dynamics and to reduce the complexity. Therefore, the distributed logistics routing protocol (DLRP) was developed at the University of Bremen. In this thesis, DLRP is extended with the concept of clustering of transport goods, two novel routing decision schemes and a negotiation process between the cluster of goods and the vehicle. DLRP provides the individual logistic entities the ability to perform routing tasks autonomously e.g., discovering the best route to the destination at the given time. Even though DLRP seems to solve the routing problem in real-time, the amount of message flooding involved in the route discovery process is enormous. This motivated the author to introduce a cluster-based routing approach using software agents. The DLRP along with the clustering algorithm is termed as the cluster-based DLRP. In the latter, the goods are first clustered into groups based on criteria such as the common destination. The routing is now handled by the cluster head rather than the individual transport goods which results in a reduced communication volume in the route discovery. The latter is proven by evaluating the performance of the cluster-based DLRP approach compared to the legacy DLRP. After the routing process is completed by the cluster heads, the next step is to improve the transport performance in the logistics network by identifying the best means to transport the clustered goods. For example, to have better utilization of the transport capacity, clusters can be transported together on a stretch of overlapping route. In order to make optimal transport decisions, the vehicle calculates the correlation metric of the routes selected by the various clusters. The correlation metric aids in identifying the clusters which can be transported together and thereby can result in better utilization of the transport resources. In turn, the transportation cost that has to be paid to the vehicle can be shared between the different clusters. The transportation cost for a stretch of route is calculated by the vehicle and offered to the cluster. The latter can decide based upon the transportation cost or the selected route whether to accept the transport offer from the vehicle or not. In this regard, different strategies are developed and


An evaluation method of inter-organization knowled ge scatter was proposed by using the theory and method of formal concept analysis in the paper.The support degree and confidence degree of implication rule in th e evaluation itemset was abstracted from the concept lattice of inter-organizati on knowledge scatter.Based on this,the inter-organization knowledge scatter is e valuated by using correlation function.


The nanometer particles of La1-xLixFeO3(x=0,0.03,0.05,0.07,0.10) are prepared by the sol-gel method,and characterized with XRD,TEM,UV-Vis,IR and SPS. The results show that the photo-catalytic activity of the La1-xLixFeO3 particles is stronger than that of the pure LaFeO3 particles,and the advanced result is achieved with x=0.03 doping rate.The complex compound of La0.97Li0.03FeO3 is the effective photo-catalyst for the photodecomposition of Methyl blue and the COD in organic wastewater.


Online discussions have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as countries around the world established restrictive measures to limit the spread of the virus. Patients and carers have taken to social media to express concerns about challenges to access and disruption of diagnostic and treatment services and seek support and guidance on their prognosis. The goal of this report was to understand the online discourse around COVID-19 for key patient and caregiver audiences, specifically in relation to patients with cancer. Public social media conversations across the US and UK (English only) in relation to COVID-19 and cancer were evaluated to gather this information. Conversations were monitored for 1 week (April 30 to May 6, 2020) and filtered to focus on delays to cancer services. Initial analyses took place across all media channels followed by deep-dive analyses on Twitter and public forums. The online conversation around cancer in relation to COVID-19 is large and multifaceted. Although delays and cancellations to diagnostic services and treatment have undergone intense scrutiny in the media, social media have also seen significant conversation around the real-world implications for cancer patients and their families. The number of COVID-19-related cancer mentions in social media over 1 week was 111.5K. Of these cancer conversations, just over one-third (38K) were related to delays to cancer services. Discussions around delays to cancer services were seen across 10 of the most common cancers. Delays to cancer services are primarily being discussed on Twitter (31.1%) both by those directly affected and those interested in the implications for the health care system. A considerable amount of media reporting also drove the conversation, with online news (24.8%) and blogs (typically news media; 21.9%) highlighting the ongoing concerns about the effect of COVID-19 on future of cancer services and patient prognosis. Forums, typically comprising patients, carers, and others seeking advice and sharing concerns and frustrations around cancer service delays, made up a smaller share of voice (5.5%). There was a pronounced trend towards negative sentiment among conversations in public Facebook pages (49.7%), Twitter (46.3%), and forums (38.4%) regarding cancer service delays. Acute fear, anger, and helplessness were key drivers of negative sentiment in Twitter. Based on analyses of forum-specific conversations, the top COVID-19-related concerns associated with delays in cancer services are delays in cancer diagnostics, access to care (i.e., cancer surgery), and treatment decisions (especially undergoing treatment alone due to social distancing). COVID-19 has led to patients feeling increasing uncertainty about the future. Disruptions to cancer services and lack of clarity as to when these will resume cause patients to feel "abandoned" by their health care providers, frustrated that COVID-19 has overshadowed their battles with cancer, and scared of facing the treatment journey alone. Citation Format: Damian Eade, Laura Galimam, Monica Fernandez-Sierra, Caryn Gordon, Jason McDonough. Public social media discussion of COVID-19 in relation to cancer services disruption [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-035.


Comparative study on quality of Bamboo seedlings of two species, viz., Dendrocalamus strictus and Bambusa bambos raised in different sized root trainers, polythene bags kept of mounted angle iron (MAI) beds and nursery beds has shown that significant variations exist in almost all seedling morphological parameters, viz., height, collar diameter, number of tillers, shoot biomass, fibrous root biomass, rhizome biomass and total root biomass among all the treatments. When compared on the basis of seedling quality parameters, viz, sturdiness, root/shoot ratio, ratio of fibrous to total root biomass and rhizome to total root biomass, the seedlings raised in 300 cc root trainers and polythene bags kept on MAI beds performed better. The study has shown that good quality Bamboo seedlings can be raised in root trainers on large scale. The limited space available to the plant in root trainers had no adverse effect on rhizome development. The system also facilitates mass propagation of Bamboo stock through macroproliferation.


Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale has recently made its way back into popular culture andmedia. This is a consequence of the streaming service Hulu launching a web television series basedon the novel. The protagonist, Ofred, plays a crucial role in both tellings of the story, but thatrole shifts depending on the medium. Within the novel, Ofred lacks the characteristics of a hero,demonstrating complacency in her tortured position. Meanwhile, the Ofred of the Hulu series is arebel, an empowered woman who refuses oppression. These intentional portrayals of Ofred speakto the inevitable distinctions between visual and written storytelling.


Summary form only given. An experiment has been conducted in a rectangular waveguide to study the effectiveness of plasma torches on microwave absorption. Three torch modules are mounted on the bottom wall of a rectangular X-band waveguide (1 in./spl times/2 in.), so that the plasma produced by the torch crosses the path of propagation of the microwave source (HP8620C) operating in the CW mode which is used to provide input power (-10 dBm) at the frequency of 10 GHz. The signals received at the other end of the waveguide are monitored with an HP856913 spectrum analyzer sweeping in real time. The attenuation of the microwaves for the three cases of one to three torches lit up is reported. In the process of carrying out the experiment, a new technique is also developed to measure the density and temperature of the plasma torches.


In the preceding paper, the structure of water around a model protein a-helix (made from polyalanine) was investigated using two-dimensional projections of the molccular distribution function. Here an attempt is made to assess the relative importance of pacting, protein-water hydrogen bonding, and water-water hydrogen bonding in creating this water structure. To isolate the effect of protein-water hydrogen bonding, simulations with the helix charges «switched» on and off were compared. Likewise, these «normal» water simulations were compared to ones done with the water charges switched off to assess the relative contributions of packing and hydrogen bonding


As part of a study of the controls rules of speech synthesis with the physiological parameters, the control rule of the tongue movement is discussed. Effect of the movement of each of the several muscles involved in the tongue on the change in the three‐dimensional shape of the tongue is analyzed based on the anatomical data, and the neuromuscular commands of these muscles are estimated utilizing the EMG data. The result is combined with the control rules of the jaw and lip movements to calculate area function of the vocal tract with a digital computer and to drive a dynamic analog vocal tract circuit. [This research is partially supported by the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the Office of Naval Research.]


The author describes the process of thinking for renewing the refrigeration equipment of a plant where foam rubber mattresses are manufactured. Molds are cooled by a glycol, the secondary refrigerant of an ammoniac refrigerating unit (screw compressors). The installation has run for more than three years, costing less than the former equipment and the industrial output has increased sharply.


Photochemical and photophysical studies are reported for the ~omplex,fac-(bpy)Re'(CO)3(DA)~+ (e-l), where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine and DA is a "reactive donor ligand" that contains a vicinal diamine functionality. Photoexcitation of e-1 into the dn (Re) -. n* (bpy) metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state leads to formation of the ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) state, *(bpy'-)Re1(CO)3(DA'+)]+, via diamine ligand-to-Re electron transfer. In the LLCT state, the reactive donor ligand radical cation undergoes an exceedingly rapid heterolytic C-C bond fragmentation reaction to produce an iminium ion and an a-amino radical fragment. Steady-state photochemical studies reveal that in air-saturated solution the only products observed arise from C-C bond fragmentation, which implies that under these conditions bond fragmentation is irreversible. Laser flash photolysis studies indicate that the a-amino radical that is produced by bond fragmentation in the LLCT state absorbs strongly in the near-UV region. A kinetic analysis is carried out under the assumptions that: (1) the quantum yield for formation the LLCT state can be derived from MLCT emission lifetime data on the diamine complex and a suitable non-donor-substituted model complex and (2) C-C bond fragmentation is irreversible. This analysis affords lower limits for the rates of back electron transfer and bond fragmentation (1.5 x lo8 and 1.0 x lo8 s-l, respectively).


The widespread implementation of online sensors and digital technology in steel manufacturing operations has made it possible to acquire vast amounts of quality parameter data at each stage in the production route. SQM-the Steel Quality Manager, is a new system of organizing this data based on the concept of a quality data warehouse containing details of customers' order documentation as well material parameters that have been measured online, and all the information required for continual improvement in product quality to decrease production costs and meet customers' requirements.


Throughout modern history, aviation and, most recently, space have been pivotal to this nation's ability to defend freedom and democracy. Over the years our foundational science and technology efforts have focused upon building strong aeronautics and space capability independently. In the fall of 2001, after the Secretary of Defense's call for transformation, the defense research and engineering community sought to develop a science and technology initiative that would effectively integrate air and space technologies to build strike, space launch, and persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities second-to-none. This effort, the National Aerospace Initiative, focused technology development in three synergistic pillars: High-Speed / Hypersonics, Space Access, and Space Technology. The pillars work together to enable long-range time-critical strike, ondemand space launch using a combination of rocket and air-breathing propulsion, and responsive space payload capability. This paper summarizes the technology development approach, operational concepts, goals, and payoffs used in developing the High-Speed / Hypersonic science and technology plan.


In [1], an operator was introduced which acts parallel to the Riemann-Liouville differintegral on a transformation of the space of real analytic functions and commutes with itself. This paper aims to extend the technique - and its defining characteristic, commutativity - to all real continuous functions, up to the degree to which they are differentiable.


In the field of pharmaceutical processing, last generation automatic machines autonomously modify their behavior in order to achieve the best manufacturing quality and productivity despite ever changing process requirements. Mechatronics, as a synergistic integration of electro-mechanical equipment and software control logics, enables such adaptive self-optimizing behaviors. Unfortunately, due to the complex interactions between the different technologies, the final performance of these systems can be effectively validated and optimized only on a physical prototype, with limited possibilities to introduce possible design changes. Therefore, in order to enable validation/optimization of high performance machinery during engineering design stage, a mechatronic Virtual Prototyping (VP) technology is strongly needed. Within this context, the present work discusses a mechatronic VP method based on a Hardware-in-the-Loop, hybrid-process simulation approach, where interactive real-time simulations can effectively assess the real final performance under changing process scenarios. In particular, a case study concerning a high-speed automatic machines for pharmaceutical capsules filling is thoroughly discussed.


As part of a study of landslides, geophysical methods of site investigation have been used in Colombia to determine their effectiveness in obtaining sub-surface information. The techniques used in this study included seismic refraction and electrical resistivity, and the sites selected were examples of different classes of landslide. The geophysical field data obtained were generally satisfactory and confident interpretations were possible. The results of seismic refraction surveys showed good correlation with borehole information, and the rock, boulder and clay layers reported in the borehole logs corresponded to the different velocity layers indicated. The results of electrical resistivity soundings were affected by the moisture conditions, and where weathered layers exist within bands of rock they adversely affect the results obtained. However, electrical resistivity is useful in conjunction with seismic refraction for giving additional information on moisture conditions present. On sites where little borehole information was available, the geophysical methods gave good indications of likely soil and rock layers present along the traverse lines investigated. Broad indications of the relationships found between geophysical values and potential instability are given. The work of other investigators using geophysics on landslide problems is briefly reviewed. /TRRL/


OBJECTIVES
To compare the safety and efficacy of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease.

METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles were searched for clinical studies that reported outcomes at the 1-year follow-up after PCI with DES and CABG for the treatment of ULMCA stenosis. Sixteen studies (three randomized controlled trials and 13 observational studies) were identified and included a total of 5674 patients (2331 for PCI with DES and 3343 for CABG).

RESULTS
At the 1-year follow-up, there was no significant difference between the CABG and DES groups in the risk for death (odds ratio [OR] 0.691, P = 0.051) or the composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction or stroke (OR 0.832, P = 0.258). The risk for target vessel revascularization (TVR) was significantly higher in the PCI group compared with the CABG group (OR 3.597, P < 0.001). The risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was significantly higher in the PCI group compared with the CABG group (OR 1.607, P < 0.001). A publication bias was observed regarding the outcome of death and also a considerable heterogeneity effect on the composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction or stroke and MACCE.

CONCLUSIONS
CABG surgery remains the best option of treatment for patients with ULMCA disease, with less need of TVR and lower MACCE rates.


Abstract We collated 25–30 observations of family groups of Ancient Murrelets (Synthliboramphus antiquus) between 23 May and 25 July 1988–2011 from southwest Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to central Oregon, 450–970 km south of the nearest breeding colony on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia. We proposed 2 hypotheses in explanation of the presence of these groups this far south: (1) rapid long-distance movements by swimming, assisted by strong currents, from colonies on Haida Gwaii ("rapid transport" hypothesis); or (2) undetected local breeding by small numbers of pairs at nearby southern locations ("southern nesting" hypothesis). Far-south groups were generally consistent with relatively long, southern, offshore movements from rearing areas in northern Queen Charlotte Sound, initially with more rapid southward transport by relatively strong (approximately 0.25 m/s) shelf-break currents and strong westerly winds off Vancouver Island in early summer, followed by movement inshore, supporting the rapid transport hypothesis. Nesting was reported at Carroll Island, Washington, in 1924, but apparently by an isolated pair. No evidence of breeding was recorded during seabird colony surveys on the southwest coast of Vancouver Island in 1967–1998 or on the northwest coast of Washington in 1959–1986, although most surveys were conducted June-July, too late for optimal detection of Ancient Murrelets, and some islands on the Washington coast were incompletely examined. Support for the southern nesting hypothesis is lacking but appropriately timed surveys of islands off the northwest Olympic Peninsula are needed to document any limited nesting in this area.


In tissue specimens resected from 314 primary breast tumors, immunohistochemical stain for estradiol (E2) was carried out, and the results were compared with estrogen receptor (ER) measurements due to dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) method by factors such as heterologous degree assessed from tumor diameter and needle aspiration biopsy, age, and histological type. The judgments whether the specimens were positive or negative by the both methods were coincided each other in as not so high as 69.1% of the subjects. The most major reason might be that, with an aging, E2-positive rate decreased while ER-Positive rate increased. In younger subjects ER measurements might be lowered by endogenous E2, and some of them might present false-negatives. Among ER-negative cases, those having E2-positive cells in higher rate were expected to respond to endocrine therapy. Various correlations between ER and E2 shown here have suggested that findings from E2 stain in the resected breast cancer tissues is important in a relation to the efficacy of endocrine therapy. Furthermore, the estrogen-dependency of breast cancer should be investigated from both aspects of ER and estrogen.


Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign and chronic abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue and bone. It presents as a growth; however, most authors do not consider it to be true neoplasia. Despite its affinity to affect craniofacial bones, it usually remains asymptomatic and, sometimes, presents with deformity. Owing to its rarity, diagnostic difficulty, scarce literature, and staggered opinions on optimal management, it still interests otolaryngologists. FD involving temporal bone is even rarer. The most common initial findings are stenosis of the external auditory canal and conductive hearing loss. Most cases involve a single bone; however, about 20% of patients have polyostotic involvement often with extraosseous abnormalities. This disease produces widely variable radiographic images. Radio imaging is highly suggestive; however, the diagnosis is clinched only by histopathology with a surgical specimen. Here, we present a series of two cases of temporal bone FD with its management and outcomes.


Three types of compounds were synthesized from carbendazim (1), a benzimidazole derivative (Scheme 1). They included a group of esters at N1 prepared by treating carbendazim with isocyanates bearing ester groups (2a, 2b, 2c), carboxyalkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-s-triazino[1,2-a]benzimidazole-2,4-dione esters (3a and , 3b3d and 3c derived from 3a. The antitumor potencies of the N1 esters were in the range of 7 to 40 μM, which compares favorably with carbendazim, but their water solubilities were low. The s-triazine derivatives showed activity against pancreatic tumor cells, and one of them (3b) was active in mice, but they were not effective against other tumor types. Treatment of carbendazim with 3-bromopropionyl chloride produced 1-methoxycarbonyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole (4), which gave 1-(3-aminopropionyl)benzimidazole 2-methylcarbamates, substituted on the amino nitrogen (5a, 5b, and 5d), when treated with amines. These products showed some antitumor activity in cell cultures, and an ethoxy derivative (5c), obtained by treating 1-methoxycarbonyl-4-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole with sodium ethoxide, was active in the 67–150 μM range. Some of the new compounds had good water solubility. Carbendazim kills tumor cells by inhibiting tubulin; however, s-triazine 3b, which differs from it in size and functional groups, does not act by this mechanism.


The Lesbian Cinema is still a genre under construction within brazilian cinema, and few filmmakers have signed films that highlight the romantic and sexual love between women. Among these filmmakers, mostly men, is Adelia Sampaio, the first black female director to make a feature film in Brazil. Her work is important, in addition to her talent, for her pioneering spirit; Amor Maldito, released in 1984, is also one of the first national films to star a lesbian couple. Bringing the troubled story of Fernanda and Sueli, Amor Maldito differs from most lesbian-themed films, which tend to punish characters who deny their social role, imposed by heteronormativity, as women who embrace the possibility of loving other women. In countless films these characters end the plot dead, beaten and humiliated, highlighting the pedagogical function of these films. Unlike these, Amor Maldito ends with Fernanda, who during the plot is accused of causing Sueli's death, acquitted by the court and free to love again.


The phase field crystal (PFC) method is a density-functional-type model with atomistic resolution and operating on diffusive time scales which has been proven to be an efficient tool for predicting numerous material phenomena. In this work, we first propose a method to predict viscoelastic-creep and mechanical-hysteresis behaviors in a body-centered-cubic (BCC) solid using a PFC method that is incorporated with a pressure-controlled dynamic equation which enables convenient control of deformation by specifying external pressure. To achieve our objective, we use constant pressure for the viscoelastic-creep study and sinusoidal pressure oscillation for the mechanical-hysteresis study. The parametric studies show that the relaxation time in the viscoelastic-creep phenomena is proportional to temperature. Also, mechanical-hysteresis behavior and the complex moduli predicted by the model are consistent with those of the standard linear solid model in a low-frequency pressure oscillation. Moreover, the impact of temperature on complex moduli is also investigated within the solid-stabilizing range. These results qualitatively agree with experimental and theoretical observations reported in the previous literature. We believe that our work should contribute to extending the capability of the PFC method to investigate the deformation problem when the externally applied pressure is required.


ON THE FABRICATION OF MICRO-GRAPHITE CAST IRON I. Taniyama SYNOPSIS:The Auther intended to improve the properties of high grade Cast iron by the cooling and heat treatment process. The results of experiments are as follows. 1. The greatest strength of cast iron is obtained when the graphite is very fine and the matrix contains neither free cementite nor free ferrite, but is entirely pearltic. ie. Eutectic cast iron has the greatest strength. 2. Gray Cast iron when subjected to cooled relatively rapidly is obtained a structure as like as eutectic and fine graphite, but is more or less hardly. 3. So When heated 850°C for 3 hours, the cast iron has reduced hardness and produced very fine graphite and matrix of pearlite. 4. And it can be obtained high strength and toughness. 5. The authur named Taniable cast iron for the cast iron, and the composition is as follows.


Domination allocation of Gross Domestic Product by its use in household consumption expenditure showed the importance of this type of expenditure to national economic growth and the household welfare. Under these conditions, this study aims to analyze the development of household consumption expenditure in Indonesia during the period 2000 to 2014 and the factors that influence the household consumption expenditure. By using multiple linear regressions, the study finds that the factors of national income, interest rates and fuel prices significantly affect national household consumption expenditure. To further boost economic growth and welfare, the government should imply appropriate policies by increasing household incomes through the expansion of employment opportunities, as well as maintaining the stability of interest rates and minimizing the negative impacts of the rising of oil prices. DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v3i2.2063


A 'Secretary Problem' with no recall but which allows the applicant to refuse an offer of employment with a fixed probability 1 – p, (0 < p < 1), is considered. The optimal stopping rule and the maximum probability of employing the best applicant are derived.


This research aimed to investigate the improvement of students' understanding in earthquake topic and measure students' collaborative problem solving skills through the constructed interactive animation. The research was done in one of Public Junior High School in Bandung Indonesia, as it took the participant of 39 samples in 8th grade of Junior High School students. The method which is used in this research was mixed method with one group pre-test and post-test design. Based on quantitative analysis, students' understanding was improved from pre-test with the gain value of 0.30 which is categorized as low, yet the improvement between pre-test and post-test scores was significant of 0.00. Those are able to prove that interactive animation could improve students' understanding. In addition, this paper provides the result of observation of students' collaborative problem solving skills in every elements that students were already been really good at (C1) Communicating with team members about the actions performed, as the students were already used to collaborative learning by working as a group. Without ruling out the result of this research, it will be better to have the investigation on students' CPS skills improvement using interactive multimedia.


Caffeine was used to study the kinetics of cytogenetic damages repair in Chinese hamster fibroblasts. Its half-time (90 min) was shown to correlate with that of repair of slowly repaired DNA damages. The caffeine-induced increase in the number of irreparable DNA damages, attributed to inhibition of double-strand break repair, is in a quantitative correlation with the effect of the cytogenetic damage modification.


The hydraulic characteristics of aerated spiral flows in the Gongboxia horizontal discharge tunnel and their scale effects were studied through theoretical analysis and comparison of a prototype experiment with laboratory tests on two models of different scales.The results are as follows.1) The tunnel discharge meets the design requirement,and the model discharges follow the Froude law of similarity.2) The flow rotation angle varies exponentially in the range from 20° to 90°.Along the tunnel,the pressure is lowered and takes a fluctuating trend,and its dominant frequency is low.3) The diameter of air cavity is in the range of 4.0~7.5m,and the maximum flow velocity in the range of 37.0~39.3m/s.Along the tunnel,circumferential components of velocity is decreasing while axial component is increasing.4) Air flow in the air vent is produced by a difference in the inlet and outlet pressures,and it becomes greater on the model of larger scale that shows greater water flow velocity in the tunnel and hence greater self-aeration capacity.Measurements of the negative pressure in the cavity and the air velocity in the air vent indicate that the pore diameter of the aeration ring is relatively small.5) This horizontal spiral flow is well aerated,and the air concentration in the vertical shaft is distributed in power law.Scale effects of flow aeration in the tunnel are significant.(6) The horizontal spiral flow tunnel has a high efficiency of energy dissipation.


In the scenario of electroweak baryogenesis we consider the dynamics of fermions with a spatially varying mass in the presence of a CP-violating bubble wall and a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the wall. The relevant quantity for baryogenesis, R{sub R{yields}}{sub L}-R{sub L{yields}}{sub R}, is studied (R{sub R{yields}}{sub L} and R{sub L{yields}}{sub R} being the reflection coefficients for right-handed and left-handed chiral fermions, respectively)


Myocardial stunning is a phenomenon that the recovery of myocardial contraction function delayed after transient ischemia reperfusion. It affects seriously the success rate of arious cardiac surgery. Therefore,reducing the incidence of myocardial stunning became one of new hot spots about the ischemia-reperfusion injury nowdays. In recent years,there are many research reports of prevention and treatment of myocardial stunning,these studies would provide the theoretical and experimental basis for the prevention and cure of myocardial stunning in clinic.


The simple reading of the evidence is that the large elliptical galaxies existed at about the present star mass and comoving number density at redshift z=2. This is subject to the usual uncertainties of measurement and interpretation in astronomy, but should be taken seriously because it is indicated by quite a few lines of evidence. And it might be a guide to a more perfect theory of galaxy formation.


Determination of sulcus fluid flowrate was used to gain an insight into the peri-implantar tissue-reactive behaviour in response to Tuebinger immediate implants. The evaluation of 570 measurements on 36 implants and corresponding control teeth showed no difference between natural teeth and healthy gum and implant. Mobility influences the SFFR even in implants.


Abstract This paper is an attempt to reconstruct the paleocurrent and wind directions of the Upper Beaufort, Molteno, Red Beds and Cave Sandstone Stages of the Karroo System. The paleo-directional structures were found to be mainly trough cros-bedding and parting lineation. The paleoslope during Upper Karoo times was found to be dipping from south to north. The Cave Sandstone Stage represents an aeolian deposit and directional structures point to winds blowing from the west.


ABSTRACT Malignancy is a key factor that significantly reduces the graft and patient survival after kidney transplantation. Vitamin D (VD) is gaining attention for its pleiotropy, including neoplasia prevention. The aim of our study was to assess the possible association between de novo non-cutaneous carcinomas (non-cuCa) and the VD status in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). All patients followed up in our transplant center were included in the study from May 2012 until May 2016. We compared KTRs with non-cuCa to those without carcinomas. The demographic characteristics, immunosuppression protocols and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were evaluated. Patients with unstable kidney function, renal transplant duration less than 5 years, other malignancies, cholecalciferol supplementation and outliers for VD were not included in the study. KTRs with virus-associated carcinomas were also excluded. The total 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Two hundred fifty-six patients met the selection criteria. Of these, 11 were detected with non-cuCa with different organ localisation. The VD deficient patients had higher non-cuCa prevalence compared to the rest of the cohort (16.7% vs. 3.4%, p = 0.034). The VD status was significantly lower in the patients with malignancy (39.27 ± 18.16 vs. 59.87 ± 22.82 nmol, p = 0.005). No other significant differences between the two groups were detected. Poorer VD status may be an independent risk factor for post-transplant non-cutaneous cancer. VD supplementation may be considered as an option to reduce non-cuCa prevalence after kidney transplantation.


This paper proposes a novel state assessment model for all-digital protection based on its Information Importance Degrees(IID). The methodology of monitoring information classification is presented to obtain IID, and the IID is used to measure the degrees that monitoring information influences on the function of the equipment. The model of Status scoring is also proposed, taking both numbers and importance of the equipment anomaly information into account to calculate its state scores. Several solutions to the all-digital protection condition assessment problem, including the IID approach, are then illustrated, highlighting the superiority of the IID algorithm. According to the outputs of the IID approach, system operators can obtain more accurate evaluation result than other algorithms. An experimental project based on the proposed approach has been applied in several substations, higher reliability and less maintenance workloads are provided comparing with the traditional modes.


Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) served as a basis or benchmark for the country's welfare. Based on estimation made from the Demographic and Health Survey Indonesia (IDHS) 1990 to 2007, it showed that the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in Indonesia in 2015 reached 161 / 100,000 live births, while the MDG targets Indonesia is 102 / 100,000 live births (Health Dept, 2013). The data from WHO Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia in 2013 shows that as many as 8,800 by the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of 190 (120- 300) per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2013). The maternal mortality rate in Central Java Province in 2012 based on reports from regency / city was 116.34 / 100,000 live births, an increase compared with MMR in 2011 was 116.01 / 100,000 live births. Most maternal deaths are in Brebes with 51 deaths. Salatiga is the Regency with the least number of maternal deaths with only 2 cases. According to the Central Java Provincial Health Office, there were 32 maternal deaths (Central Java Health Office, 2012). Additionally, it was noted that there were maternal mortality by 711 cases and in 2015 there were 115 cases in 2014 (Nurdin, 2015). The reason of the high death toll in Indonesia is due to the low quality of life, the average low education, health status and poor nutrition, anemia, iron deficiency, and the incidence of chronic malnutrition (Amaludin, 2015). Pregnant women are in need of adequate nutrition even doubled because nutrition is needed by pregnant women to meet the needs not only for the fetus but also the mother. However, sometimes pregnant women experience nausea and excessive vomiting so that nutrition cannot be fulfilled. Rose & Neil (2006) states that emesis gravidarium in pregnant women can cause a variety of negative effects, one of which is a decrease in appetite that result in changes in the electrolyte balance of potassium, calcium, and sodium, causing changes in the body's metabolism. It affects the fetus, it will be lack of nutrients and fluids needed by the body, the baby will be born will be in low birth weight and impaired growth process. Excessive nausea and vomiting can also reduce body fluid, so that the blood becomes thick (hemoconcentration) and blood circulation to tissues is late. If that happens, then the consumption of oxygen and nourishment to the tissues also reduced (Anggarani and Subekti, 2013, Jeffrey et al, 2003). Lack of oxygen and food to the network will cause tissue damage that could reduce maternal health and fetal development in the womb. In such cases, it needs serious treatment (Hidayati, 2009). The purposes of this research are: 1. To find out the characteristics of pregnant women consisting of age, education level and occupation. 2. To find out the status of social support for pregnant women in the first trimester in Puskesmas Kembaran I Banyumas. 3. To find out the incidence of emesis gravidarium in the first trimester pregnant women in Puskesmas Kembaran I Banyumas. 4. To find out the correlation between social support and emesis gravidarium in the first trimester of pregnant women in Puskesmas Kembaran I Banyumas.


Abstract The paper analyses the anthropogenic change in water bodies in the southern part of the Silesian Upland as exemplified by the town of Knurów. The assessment was based on topographic maps from the years 1827-1828, 1928-1936, 1960 and 1993, and on a 2011 orthophotomap. The cartographic materials used were processed as required for analysis purposes. Maps were calibrated in the Quantum GIS program on the basis of map corner coordinates and using the common points method. In Knurów, four main types of water bodies were distinguished with respect to their origins: reservoirs impounded by dams, flooded mineral workings, industrial water bodies and water bodies in subsidence basins and hollows. Historically, the first water bodies to appear were reservoirs impounded by dams, which dominated until the 1930s. They later fell into disuse and were completely dismantled. Water bodies in mineral workings formed in the early 20th century and were associated with the excavation of raw materials for producing bricks. The period of their greatest significance were the 1960s, when they constituted slightly more than 46% of water bodies in total and accounted for nearly 40% of overall surface area. At the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century, industrial reservoirs began to appear. Within the town of Knurów, those were sedimentation tanks that held mine water, washery effluent, backfill and cooling water, fire-fighting water pools and tanks, tanks at sewage treatment plants, industrial water tanks and others. Presently, these account for 41.4% (29) of the total number of water bodies and have a total surface area of 32.0 ha (25,2%). Within the study area, water bodies in subsidence basins and hollows only began to form in the second half of the 20th century. In 2011, such water bodies numbered 38 (54.3%) and occupied an area of 90.4 ha (71.2%).


Idiopathic upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) management is controversial and ranges from anticoagulation alone to the addition of further interventions such as thrombolysis and decompressive surgery.


The utility model relates to a kitchen waste integrated-treatment machine. The kitchen waste integrated-treatment machine is characterized by comprising an integral type shell, wherein both ends of the shell are respectively provided with an upwards opened feed port and downwards opened discharge port; the lower part of the inner side of the shell is provided with a plate-type conveying mechanism communicated with the discharge port through the feed port; the plate-type conveying mechanism comprises a conveying plate provided with a hollow water hole; the inner side of the shell is sequentially provided with a bag-breaking device, a magnetic separator and an interfering substance separation device from the feed port to the discharge port; the bag-breaking device comprises a frame body, a rotary rolling drum, a motor speed-reducing device and a fixed knife; the rotary rolling drum is arranged on the frame body and provided with a bag-breaking knife; the motor speed-reducing device is connected with the rotary rolling drum and used for driving the rotary rolling drum to rotate; the fixed knife is arranged on the frame body and positioned above the rotary rolling drum; and the interfering substance separation device is positioned below the discharge port and comprises a rotary separating cylinder and a separating grid bar. The kitchen waste integrated-treatment machine disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small size, convenience for movement and good treatment effect.


We study the Coulomb glass emerging from the interplay of strong interactions and disorder in a model of spinless fermions on the Bethe lattice. In the infinite coordination number limit, strong interactions induce a metallic Coulomb glass phase with a pseudogap structure at the Fermi energy. Quantum and thermal fluctuations both melt this glass and induce a disordered quantum liquid phase. We combine self-consistent diagrammatic perturbation theory with continuous time quantum Monte-Carlo simulations to obtain the complete phase diagram of the electron glass, and to characterize its dynamical properties in the quantum liquid, as well as in the replica symmetry broken glassy phase. Tunneling spectra display an Efros-Shklovskii pseudogap upon decreasing temperatures, but the density of states remains finite at the Fermi energy due to residual quantum fluctuations. Our results bear relevance to the metallic glass phase observed in Si inversion layers.


ABSTRACT This article introduces the Sub-state Autonomy Scale (SAS), an indicator and database for autonomy demands and statutes at the sub-state level. The usefulness of the SAS comes with two analytical properties. First, it allows evaluating autonomy in kind (whether competences are administrative or legislative), in degree (how much each dimension is present) and by competences (as a function of the extent of comprised policy domains) at the same time. Second, it can be used for analysing both autonomy demands and statutes. Taken together, the two aim at a refined analysis of sub-state mobilization and restructuring as well as their interplay.


We here designed and prepared a multi-responsive microgel (hPEA-mGel) fabricated through the co-assembly of hyperbranched poly(ether amine) and pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PTMP) in aqueous solution, followed by thiol–ene photo-click crosslinking. The obtained hPEA-mGel is uniform-sized particles with 250 nm diameter and low polydispersity index (PDI = 0.15), and exhibited sharp responses to temperature and pH. The interaction between the host hPEA-mGel and a series of fluorescein dyes was investigated. hPEA-mGel exhibited strong adsorption to ETB, RB, EB, DBF and TCF, but very low affinity to FR and Cal. The big difference in the interaction between hPEA-mGel and different fluorescein dyes is indicative of the selective adsorption of hPEA-mGel to fluorescein dyes, which resulted from hydrophobic not electrostatic interactions. Based on the selective adsorption of fluorescein dyes by hPEA-mGel, we demonstrated a simple approach to separate a mixture of fluorescein dyes in aqueous solution.


Abstract This study was conducted to obtain information on the properties of the nitrate (NO3 ‐) uptake system in Vicia faba. The results showed that in plants grown in the absence of NO3 ‐, they cannot absorb it upon initial exposure to this anion. When this plant makes contact with environmental NO3 ‐, NO3 ‐uptake by the roots is progressively induced. However, in NO3 ‐‐grown plants, the uptake system is yet induced so they had the ability to take up NO3 ‐ at high rates from the beginning. The Michaelis' constant (K,M) and maximum uptake rate (Vmax) were estimated from measurements of NO3 ‐ depletion in the uptake medium. The apparent KM value for net NO3 ‐ uptake in induced V. faba plants was 60 μM and the corresponding Vmax 0.44 umol NO3 ‐ (g FW)‐1 h‐1. This last value was low compared with that of other species, while KM is in the range for other higher plants. From the results of our experiments at low and high NO3 ‐ concentrations, we discuss the possibility of the existence of two NO3 ‐ uptake sys...


This report provides information on the ultrastructure of liver parenchymal cells from rats fasted 2, 15–21, and 21–40 hours. Fasting rats from 2 through 40 hours provokes alterations in the quantity and patterns of glycogen, amounts and forms of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and the quantity of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocytes. After two hours of fasting glycogen occurs as clumps of α particles in restricted areas of the cytosome, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is relatively sparse, and the rough endoplasmic reticulum is displayed as parallel cisternae comprising the characteristic basophilic bodies of the hepatocyte. Fasting the rat for 15 hours and longer decreases the amount of hepatic glycogen which appears predominantly as β particles in restricted regions of the liver cell. The prolonged fast provokes a dramatic proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the liver parenchymal cell. The tubules of this organelle are continuous with the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum and extend deep into the glycogen areas of the hepatocyte. Arguments are presented to support the concept that the smooth endoplasmic reticulum develops from rough endoplasmic reticulum and that its membranes provide a site for the location of enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism.