Electricity generation from renewables in Germany has now reached an energy economically relevant magnitude. The further increase of electricity from renewable energy sources is driven by the Energy Concept enacted by the Federal Government in 2010 with the goal of transforming the energy system into a renewable based one by 2050. In order to achieve the political targets reorganization in terms of technical, organizational and financial aspects is needed. The transition and structural adjustments are characterized by a huge variety of actors, who are connected through complex interactions with one another and who react very differently to changes in the energy economic environment. We will present the agent-based simulation model AMIRIS (Agent-based Model for the Integration of Renewables Into the Power System), which can be used as policy design tool to foster the integration of renewable energy sources into the electricity market.


The forest region saliency extraction technology based on optical remote sensing image plays an important role in forest fire risk monitoring and forest area protection in the process of urbanization. In this paper, the large-area forest area in the optical remote sensing image is highlighted in the feature map, and the salient map is further obtained through the generated feature map to achieve accurate extraction of the optical remote sensing image forest area. Feature extraction includes two parts: adaptive color region extraction through DC (Definition Circle Model) model and corner feature extraction including suppression mechanism through edge detection model. After a series of experiments, the feature-significant extraction technique is more adaptive and accurate than other unsupervised target detection models.


All 57 volumes of Geophysics will be available on a set of CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) in early 1993. The Ascii text, in a powerfully searchable format, is on one CD-ROM. The other eight discs contain 48 000 page images of technical articles and short notes (including black and white and color figures, tables, and equations).


Academics are now expected to acquire new pedagogical concepts and maximize the potential of new learning technologies to demonstrate that they understand the latest teaching principles in higher education in Hong Kong. Th is research explores practices at departments and their eff ect on academics adopting innovative practices with learning technologies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eighteen academics who had varied experience on technology integration into teaching and who reported key factors in departments that aff ected their pace of adopting technologies. Leadership in departments, departmental culture, peer support, support from technical staff , provision of computers and recognition of time and eff ort emerged in the interviews. Finally, implications are discussed, including the progressive reduction in government support for universities and higher education in general in Hong Kong.


High-pressure gas switches enjoy widespread use in the scientific and commercial communities because of their ability to operate over a wide range of voltages and currents. However, a simultaneous requirement of continuous operation at high average power and high repetition rate has quite often limited their use. Improvement in the rep-rate capability of high pressure gas switches has been extensively investigated at the Dahlgren Laboratory of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC). Past work has demonstrated burstmode pulse repetition frequencies to 10 kHz, at voltages up to 500 kV or currents to 170 kA, by operating various highpressure hydrogen switches at approximately 50% of their self-break voltages. This paper describes recent work demonstrating continuous operation of one of these switches. Repetition rates up to 1.7 kHz at an average power of 16.5 kW and an operating voltage of 40 kV for >70 seconds are presented. The results for repetition rates from 670 Hz to 1.7 kHz show that the recovery curve obtained for burst-mode operation is reasonably predictive for continuous operation. Variation in the breakdown voltage during continuous operation is shown to be < 3 percent. The operating voltage, frequency and average power were limited by the experimental apparatus.


Single neurons isolated in the dorsal and ventral nuclei of the lateral lemniscus were studied on and off line with a LINC computer. Best frequencies of cells in the dorsal nucleus are arranged from low to high in a dorsoventral orientation. Data suggest that similar organization exists in the ventral nucleus. The great majority of neurons studied in the dorsal nucleus were sensitive to binaural stimulation, with the contralateral ear supplying the major excitatory drive. With few exceptions, neurons in the ventral nucleus were affected only by contralateral ear stimulation. Discharge patterns generated within response areas of units in both nuclei, as well as spike‐count functions, have been studied in detail. Units usually exhibit a sustained discharge, accompanied often by an onset burst, throughout the frequency‐intensity domain. At low frequencies, discharges may be locked to individual cycles of the stimulating tone. The first spike latency tends to be minimal at or near best frequency and, regardle...


We discuss in the following the problem of grounding social space and explicate the various consequences by assembling a number of more formal approaches that have a considerable overlap with hermeneutic methods. We summarize then the results in some detail in order to formulate a strategic approach as to the explicit design of a given living quarter in the city of Berlin which is serving as a paradigmatic example for an ongoing research project.


Bone tumors in children are rare, accounting for 5% of all childhood cancer. Although rare, bone cancer deserves a special attention in pediatric oncology. Given an overall 5-year survival rate of approximately 65% for pediatric patients, malignant bone tumors should be diagnosed and treated rapidly and accurately in specialized centers.


As for all space missions, the limit imposed on the payload mass budget by the launcher is the main driver that forces the use of very lightweight optics. Considering the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) mission the present configuration has a mirror collecting area in the order of 3 m2 at 1.25 keV, 0.65 m2 at 6 keV, and 150 cm2 at 30 keV. These large collecting areas could be obtained with a mirror assembly composed of a large number of high quality glass segments each being able to deliver the required angular resolution better or equal to 5 arcsec. These segments will form a X-Ray Optical Unit (XOU), an optical subunit of the telescope, and the XOUs will be assembled to form the whole mirror system. Based on the INAF-OAB experience in the thermal slumping of thin glass optics, a possible approach for the realization of large size and lightweight X-ray mirrors is described in this paper. Moulds made in a suitable material (as for example Silicon Carbide or Fused Silica) and having the suitable (parabolic and hyperbolic) profile are used for the realization of thin glass Mirror Plates (MP), with dimensions in the range of 200- 400 mm. After a thermal cycle the slumped MPs are characterized for acceptation and handled by means of an active support using vacuum suction for the integration phase. In this phase an active optical feedback is used to ensure the correct alignment of the MPs within the XOU. The MPs are then glued in its proper position in the XOU using also suitable glass ribs for the stiffening of the whole module. An investigation in the problems and possible solutions to the slumping, measurement, integration and testing of the glass MPs into the XOU will be given, particularly with respect to a XOU scaled prototype that will be manufactured and used to assess the technology.


Objectives The olfactory function highly impacts quality of life (QoL). Continuous positive airway pressure is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is often applied by nasal masks (nCPAP). The influence of nCPAP on the olfactory performance of OSA patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the sense of smell before initiation of nCPAP and after three months treatment, in moderate and severe OSA patients. Methods The sense of smell was assessed in 35 patients suffering from daytime sleepiness and moderate to severe OSA (apnea/hypopnea index ≥ 15/h), with the aid of a validated test battery (Sniffin' Sticks) before initiation of nCPAP therapy and after three months of treatment. Additionally, adherent subjects were included in a double-blind randomized three weeks CPAP-withdrawal trial (sub-therapeutic CPAP pressure). Results Twenty five of the 35 patients used the nCPAP therapy for more than four hours per night, and for more than 70% of nights (adherent group). The olfactory performance of these patients improved significantly (p = 0.007) after three months of nCPAP therapy. When considering the entire group of patients, olfaction also improved significantly (p = 0.001). In the randomized phase the sense of smell of six patients deteriorated under sub-therapeutic CPAP pressure (p = 0.046) whereas five patients in the maintenance CPAP group showed no significant difference (p = 0.501). Conclusions Olfactory performance improved significantly after three months of nCPAP therapy in patients suffering from moderate and severe OSA. It seems that this effect of nCPAP is reversible under sub-therapeutic CPAP pressure. Trial registration ISRCTN11128866


The present invention provides a two heterologous antibody by a crosslinking reaction by a heterologous obtained crosslinked heterologous antibodies include cross-linked tetrameric form, wherein the tetrameric form a heterologous antibody crosslinking in the heterologous share crosslinked mass ratio is preferably not less than 50%, can be used as a pathogen in patients with positive blood substitutes antibody, diluted by the diluent, instead of patients with positive blood control material in the immunoassay kit. The preparation of the heterologous production of crosslinked simple, low cost, while having a very good safety and stability. In addition, different batches of stable quality control materials, can effectively reduce the detection error.


The load-transfer (t–z or q–z) curve method has been widely used for prediction of the load–settlement relationship of piles subject to axial loads because of its simplicity and good convergence. H...


We develop simple computational techniques for constructing all possible SU(3) representations in terms of irreducible SU(3) Schwinger bosons. We show that these irreducible Schwinger oscillators make SU(3) representation theory as simple as SU(2). The new Schwinger oscillators satisfy certain Sp(2,R) constraints and solve the multiplicity problem as well. These SU(3) techniques can be generalized to SU(N).


CONTEXT
Maternal thyroid hormone trajectories are better predictor of offspring's neurodevelopment than hormone levels in single trimester of pregnancy. Programming effect of uterine hormonal environment on offspring's health is usually sex-specific.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the sex-specific effect of thyroid hormone trajectories on preschoolers' behavioral development.

DESIGN
Based on Ma' anshan Birth Cohort (MABC) in China, pregnant women were recruited at their first antenatal checkup from May 2013 to September 2014.

SETTING
Ma' anshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital in China.

PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
1860 mother-child pairs were included in the analysis. Children were followed up at age of 4.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Maternal thyroid hormones (TSH, FT4) and TPOAb in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy were retrospectively assayed. Preschoolers' behavioral development was assessed by Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/1.5~5).

RESULTS
Maternal TSH and FT4 levels were respectively fitted into high, moderate and low trajectories. In boys, maternal high TSH trajectory was related to withdrawn (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.50) and externalizing problems (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.22, 5.92), and moderate TSH trajectory was associated with aggressive behavior (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.16, 12.23). Maternal high FT4 trajectory was associated with anxious/depressed (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.56) and total problems (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.66), and low FT4 trajectory was associated with aggressive behavior (OR = 4.17, 95% CI: 1.22, 14.24).

CONCLUSIONS
Maternal thyroid hormone trajectories impact preschool boys' behavioral development.


It is well known that the preganglionic fibers of the white rami divide and terminate in connection with a number of sympathetic ganglion cells. But no attempt has as yet been made to secure data with regard to the number of nerve cells which may be activated by one preganglionic nerve fiber. The drawing made by Huber ('99) of the preganglionic fibers in the frog shows one fiber with seven branches, four of which end in pericellular baskets. This would indicate that in the frog one preganglionic fiber might be associated with at least seven postganglionic neurones. Langley ('03) has given us data regarding the number of ganglia which may receive nerve fibers from a given white ramus and the number which may receive branches from a given preganglionic fiber.


Long–Term Performance and Propagation Measurements on Single and Tandem Digital Microwave Transmission Links
Volume III: Twelve–Month Network and Link–Characterization Results


In the today's world we are growing towards the automation of day to day daily life task in which we are focused on creation of smart cities, smart home etc. which includes a lot of work which deals with automation of task using Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things and machine Learning. These technologies are widely used to creates a system for automation of different tasks. In this technology driven society there is a need of creation of a system to automate the process of irrigation of crops to help farmers. The currently used system includes a lot of human efforts, money and time which will not be required after the development of an automated irrigation system. In this there is a need of creating a system which can collect data then analyze that date and generate results in real time. also, the overall cost should be low enough so that a farmer can afford it. In this paper we are focusing on creating a low-cost smart device which can be used to collect the data of moisture in soil at different places, pH and temperature of soil. We focus of creating a device with Arduino along with some sensors and modules to collect these data at different places in farm. After collecting this data this device will send this data to server with the help of a Wi-Fi module attached to the device. At the same time, we are using an Artificial Neural Network model for the analysis of this data for generating high accuracy results. Finally based on the results the device triggers a valve to automatically start and stop the flow of water in the farm.


SUMMARY RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 407 PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER Aim: The aim of this study was to reveal the demographic and clinical characteristics of cases diagnosed as lung cancer in our hospital. Material and Methods: Data from a university hospital between 1993 and 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The study involved 369 (91%) men and 36 women. The mean age was 60 ± 10 years. Forty-one percent of the patients who had an acceptable spirometry had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most useful diagnostic procedure were bronchial biopsy (62%) and bronchial aspirate (22%). The most common histopathologic subtypes were squamous cell carcinoma (51.4%), small cell lung carcinoma (23.6%), unspecified non-small cell lung carcinoma (13.0%), adenocarcinoma (10.8%), and large cell carcinoma (1.2%). Small cell carcinoma was the most frequent (39.5%) subtype in women.


increases in contraceptive use. Still, between 800,000 and 900,000 adolescents become pregnant each year in America. Many who become parents during adolescence are unable to achieve positive health, economic, and social well-being outcomes, particularly around educational success. This article reviews the empirical literature regarding the effectiveness of comprehensive and abstinence-only sexuality education, which heavily supports the provision of comprehensive sexuality education. It also examines the essential role that Title X, the national family planning policy, can play in increasing implementation of comprehensive sexuality education programs both within schools and in the community. School social workers can better serve the individuals and the communities they work with by increasing their knowledge of effective prevention programs and advocating policies that support such programs.


Abstract Prior work suggests that body size and fat content may influence carcinogen-DNA adduct levels measured in white blood cells. Here we consider energy balance more broadly by assessing the impact of body mass index (BMI), physical activity and calorie intake on the presence of benzo[a]pyrene-DNA (BP-DNA) adducts in white blood cell DNA. Our cross-sectional study employed subjects from a separately conducted intervention trial. Physical activity and food intake data were collected at 12 and 15 months of follow-up, respectively. BP-DNA adducts were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in white blood cell samples collected at 12 months of follow-up. Complete data on all variables were available from 143 subjects. Logistic regression showed that BMI was inversely associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 0.90, p=0.02), and that hours of moderate-intensity physical activity were positively associated with the presence of detectable adducts (OR = 1.04, p=0.04). These results provide further evidence that body fat content influences carcinogen-DNA adduct levels, probably by altering the distribution of the lipophilic parent compound.


Macroscopic alignment of the orbital ordering promoted by the substrate anisotropy has been observed in manganite films by means of polarizing optical microscopy. Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of local orbital ordering even in films without macroscopic alignment, indicating that the substrate anisotropy breaks the symmetry of orbital ordering. The temperature dependence of the optical anisotropy agrees well with the evolution of the orbital order observed in bulk crystals with diffraction techniques.


This paper aims to determine the configuration of the drainage system and water storage in Wanda Glacier, located in King George Island (KGI), South Shetland Islands (61°54' – 62°16'S and 57°35' – 59°02'W), Antarctic Peninsula, using data obtained by 100 MHz GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) survey. This site is characterized by accelerated retraction and melting processes as consequence of a recent regional warming. Topography data were used to generate transversal and longitudinal sections and a three-dimensional model (DSM) of the glacier surface. The GPR system was able to deliver information about the internal structure and about the meltwater drainage configuration. GPR internal reflections are attributed to basal water films and intraglacial and subglacial water channels in the Wanda Glacier. The abundance of internal diffractions is considered an indicative of temperate ice with high liquid water content. Similar internal structures are observed in other glaciers in KGI. The application of GPR to Wanda Glacier study showed the dielectric contrasts, internal layering and englacial structure, glacier bed condition and the distribution of individual channels in the glacier and the englacial and subglacial routing of meltwater. Probably the configuration of a subglacial drainage and water liquid exerts an influence on the sediment evacuation by basal meltwater, subglacial erosion and the proglacial deposition pattern.


The realisation of a p/sup +/-BeTe/n/sup +/-ZnSe ESAKI tunnelling diode is reported. Negative differential resistance was observed under forward bias at room temperature with a peak to valley ratio of 1.55:1. In the backward direction a current density of 400 A/cm/sup 2/ was achieved at 3.3 V. These data indicate that p/sup +/-BeTe/n/sup +/-ZnSe tunnel diodes are suitable as buried electron to hole converters in II-VI optoelectronic devices.


For many problems in system biology or pharmacology, in-vivo-like models of cell-cell interactions or organ functions are highly sought after. Conventional stationary cell culture in 2D plates quickly reaches its limitations with respect to an in-vivo like expression and function of individual cell types. Microfabrication technologies and microfluidics offer an attractive solution to these problems. The ability to generate flow as well as geometrical conditions for cell culture and manipulation close to the in-vivo situation allows for an improved design of experiments and the modeling of organ-like functionalities. Furthermore, reduced internal volumes lead to a reduction in reagent volumes necessary as well as an increased assay sensitivity. In this paper we present a range of microfluidic devices designed for the co-culturing of a variety of cells. The influence of substrate materials and surface chemistry on the cell morphology and viability for long-term cell culture has been investigated as well as strategies and medium supply for on-chip cell cultivation.


Abstract Empirical support for stage and cognitive appraisal models of psychological adjustment to athletic injury is reviewed. Both emotional and behavioral adjustment to athletic injury are considered. Stage models are shown to lack consistent empirical support. It is argued that based on extant research findings, cognitive appraisal models provide a more viable conceptualization of the process of coping with athletic injury. Methodological issues in research addressing psychological adjustment to athletic injury are discussed.


I n 1957 the Department of Surgery at the University of Louisville School of Medicine received a gift from Dr. John W. Price and his wife, Barbara Thruston Atwood Price, to create a surgical research unit. The unit was named the Price Institute of Surgical Research (PISR). The corpus of the gift was placed in a bank of which Dr. Price was a longtime board member, where it has remained and continued to grow. A fundamental purpose of this trust was to support the salary of a research fellow. The first of these fellows was Alex Haller Jr. While in Louisville, he was full-time pediatric surgical faculty including cardiac surgery. Dr. Haller had a very distinguished career, and subsequently founded children's surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. A majority of the subsequent 56 research fellows have been international, arriving at the PISR after completing medical school, and in the earlier part of their surgical residency. Beginning in 1991, many of these fellows earned a PhD from the University of Louisville Department of Physiology, a practice that continues on to this day. These PISR fellows have been appointed from around the world, coming from 14 different countries and various academic institutions, including the University of Louisville. The fellows are chosen based on strong personal recommendations from surgical leaders around the world. With 7 exceptions, all fellows have returned to, or near, their home country to complete their subsequent careers. Additionally, 9 fellows have progressed to either department chair, director of a major surgical division, or dean. Three fellows have become editor-in-chief of peer-reviewed surgical journals. The current director of the PISR (SG) is full time faculty in the Department of Surgery, as are all former institute directors. These individuals directly teach and mentor research fellows and students in the laboratory. Some of the director's income is derived from the department and its associated group practice. The Price Institute is largely financially independent; none of its funds are used for


The flow of almost all large Russian rivers is regulated by means of reservoir cascades. Long-range forecasts of snowmelt flood characteristics have a special significance for regulation of flood runoff and mitigation of flood damages. The use of these forecasts in Russia commonly results in increases of the hydropower output by 3-5%. At the same time, the application of current methods and techniques has on many occasions led to serious failures and damage (e.g. the enormous errors in forecasting of the Volga River spring flood runoff in 1973, the prediction of variations of the Caspian Sea water level). Analysis of these failures has shown that the damage could, to a significant extent, be avoided if the decision makers had an opportunity to take into account the uncertainty in prediction and could use more cautious strategies in water resources planning and operations. At present, most hydrological forecasts and predictions that are issued in Russia are based on methods and techniques developed in the period 1950-1970. Development of distributed physically-based and dynamic―stochastic models, which properly describe the main spatiotemporal processes of runoff generation, has created, in principle, a new basis for hydrological forecasting and prediction, providing the means to improve the accuracy and reliability of hydrological predictions as well as enabling their presentation in a probabilistic form. This approach is illustrated for forecasting of the spring-summer flood volume and peak discharge of the Vyatka River.


In view of the need to develop a simple and rapid method to screen for antiviral therapeutic agents, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based reporter system consisting of engineered mammalian cells expressing a cyan fluorescent protein–yellow fluorescent protein (CFP–YFP) pair linked by a short peptide containing the cleavage site of viral protease 2A (2Apro) was developed. By detecting the 2Apro produced early during the virus infection cycle, the CFP–YFP pair effectively identifies infectious coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus that causes viral myocarditis in humans. The reporter system yan fluorescent protein ellow fluorescent protein


Purpose: Respiration during radiotherapy irradiation causes dose delivery uncertainty to the lung tumor. This phantom study was designed to investigate the dosimetric impact of tumor motion during respiration with TomoTherapy treatment. Methods: Dynamic thorax phantom (CIRS. Inc, Norfolk, VA), was used to mimic small size lung tumors (1, 2, and 3cm in diameter) motion during respiration. CT images of tumors under static condition were imported into TomoTherapy Hi-Art system. Plans were calculated with different jaw sizes for each size of tumor. Dose measurement was performed under both static and respiratory simulation produced by dynamic thorax phantom. Our respiratory simulation setting was chosen due to more compatible with clinical breathing cycle pattern including 1cm amplitude movement in SI direction, 4s breathing period and cos6 breathing pattern. Two-dimensional dose of DQA plans were measured by EBT3 films. The point dose was measured in the center of each tumor using A1SL ion chamber. Results: The point dose of 1 cm motion tumor was 9% higher than plan dose, and decreased variation by increasing jaw size. The point dose of 1 cm and 2 cm motion tumors were greater than static tumors, but the results of 3 cm tumor were in contrast. Dose coverage was improved by increasing tumor size and jaw size. The width of 50% dose level of motion tumors on horizontal 2D dose profile were similar with widths of static tumor, but dose distribution shifted toward inferior direction. The widths of 60% dose level of motion tumors were smaller than widths of static tumor and difference decreased by increasing tumor and jaw size. Conclusion: Small size motion tumor has greater dose difference than bigger tumors. Large jaw size leads to more penumbra but provides better dose coverage. Larger margin was suggested at the longitudinal superior direction to compensate the dose distribution deviation during respiration.


The results of experiments on measurement of broadband UV radiation efficiency in Xe and Kr pumped by nanosecond e- beam are presented. The values of efficiency of the 3-rd continuum in Kr and Xe, calculated on the basis of experimental data, do not exceed 0.25% in gas pressure range 0.25 - 2.5 atm. It indicates that the main part of energy of a band is radiated by single-ionized molecular ions Rgn+* (where n equals 2.3). The influence of ions of a type Rgn++ is more pronounced at lower pressure p < 0.5 atm, where the efficiency of broadband radiation in Kr increases.


This study examines the situation of child domestic workers and attitude of child specialist about child domestic work towards ILO new standards of decent work for domestic workers among 120 child domestic workers in five selected areas of Dhaka city and 15 child specialists from five different groups. The study has been employed both qualitative and quantitative method. Findings of this study revealed that the education level of child domestic workers is very poor and the major portion (79.2 per cent) has no access to non formal education. The promising things were found by the study that (75.83 per cent) child domestic workers wish to go school and continue their study. Almost all (73.3 per cent) did not get any full day off during the week and (21.7 per cent) CDWs get rest breaks 3-4hours and alarming thing is found that (19.2 per cent) did not get any opportunity to take rest during the day.


Antenna systems operating in widely separated dual/triple bands are becoming common requirements owing to various complex mission requirements. In this work, a Dual CP, Dual Band shared aperture feed system is developed that feeds a reflector system in Axially Displaced Configuration. S-Band CP horn operates in coaxial TE11 mode where as Ka-Band CP Horn operates in conventional circular waveguide TE11 mode. Concentric phase centres, appropriate illumination taper, dual CP operation, tracking mode using higher order TM01 are some of the salient features of this work. The designed Antenna System exhibits a gain of > 31.1 dBi and 31.8 dBi in S-Band Tx, Rx with Axial Ratio < 2 dB. At Ka-Band, the Antenna system exhibits a gain of >52.1 dBi and 53.4 dBi in Tx, Rx Bands with Axial Ratio < 2 dB. Tracking pattern null depth of > 40 dB is seen in secondary pattern.


Speeds up the important action which in the quality colleges and universities implementation vocational qualification certificates system the high skill talented person troop construction,the promotion quality student gets employed.This article carries out the vocational qualification certificates education on Kaifeng University the practice and the experience carries on the summary and the ponder,further reforms and speeds up the vocational qualification certificates in order to the high vocational school implementation.


Floristic composition of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Jiulianshan Mountain was analyzed based on field investigation and community ecology.The community was rich in species diversity,with 144 spermatophyte families including 379 genera and 647 species,in which there were 6 gymnosperm families including 8 genera and 9 species,21 monocotyledon families including 77 genera and 116 species and 117 dicotyledon families including 294 genera and 522 species.Dominant families of the flora were Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Aquifoliaceae,Rosaceae,Ternstroemiaceae,Theaceae,Rubiaceae,Moraceae,and Euphoarbiaceae,most of which are tropical-and-subtropical distribution.As for family systematic distribution,the rate of genera of tropical-and-subtropical to temperate was 100:62.8 in 142 genera of 16 families.As for generic distribution in field investigation data,the tropical-and-subtropical areal type accounted for the majority of genera,in which there were 205 genera belonging to the tropical-and-subtropical areal type,131 genera belonging to the temperate areal type,35 genera belonging to the Cosmopolitan areal type and 8 genera belonging to the Endemic to China areal type.The rate of genera of the tropical-and-subtropical to temperate was 100∶63.9.Floristic composition of the evergreen forest community in Jiulianshan and the typical species of the zonal flora will provide scientific foundation for stand rehabilitation and stand establishment approximating to the natural evergreen broad-leaved forest community.This study also indicates that the sampled data based on community research are valid and convenient for floristic and environmental analysis of the evergreen broad-leaved forest community from Jiulianshan Mountain.


The teaching of inquiry has been a teaching pattern to be more and more recognizable in the world since 1980s,it is an education idea and method which students research questions on their own initative,and it is suited for teaching activities for all kinds of subject and levels.History teaching takes on heavy responsibilities to train men for profession studying history in average universities.This article probes into the work to carry out the teaching pattren of in quiry in the history teaching.


Article history: Received: 17 Sep 2010 Accepted: 13 Oct 2010 Available online: 27 July 2011 Background: Thoracotomy is a surgical procedure to access the chest components, which is often performed after severe bleeding caused by heart damage, lung laceration and other similar injuries. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted on all patients with penetrating chest trauma during April 2000 to October 2008. Results: In 5% of cases, thoracotomy was used for treatment in which severe bleeding was the main surgical indication. It was the most common finding followed by lung laceration thoracotomy. Conclusion: Most urban injuries are treatable by chest tube. About 3 to 10 percent of cases may require a thoracotomy in which severe bleeding is the most common indication of surgery. Copyright © 2012 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.


This article aims at recognizing childhood labor as a current issue in the history of work, specifically within the history of the working class of the industrial capitalism to that of today's post-industrial capitalism, highlighting how such an issue has become worse by the childhood condition (and within it, the condition of genre) and by the perceptions people have had on this issue throughout history.  The author makes an effort at looking some moments of the working class in order to show the changes and the persistences of childhood labor, but it does not aim at being a historical reconstruction of the issue


Today customers do more and more business via the World Wide Web, with an ever increasing number of stores offering B2C services. However, with the wide use of B2C services, like e.g. online catalogues, the customers' privacy decreases. Therefore, new methods need to be developed to protect their privacy. In this paper, two privacy ensuring techniques are evaluated according to their performance in accessing and transferring HTML pages. Key-Words: Anonymity Privacy Web Transfer HTTP E-Commerce B2C


The structure and oxidation resistance of five kinds of phenol formaldehyde resin-based carbons have been studied.The effects of heating treatment conditions(HTC) of the resins on the crystal structure and microstructure have been investigated,and the relationships between structure and oxidation resistance of the carbon have also been investigated.The results indicated that the HTC have great influence on the microstructure,but little effet can be found on the crystal structure of the carbons,It is found micropore model of the carbon accords with the parallel palne model.The research results also indicated that the oxidtion resistance of the carbons is strongly depended on the factors such as speific surface area,micropore distribution,opening micropore volume etc,the crystal struce-ture has little effect on the oxidation resistance of the carbon.


Due to the increase in data quantity, ship detection in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images has attracted numerous studies. As most ship targets are small and cover a few pixels in SAR images, the commonly used intersection-over-union (IoU) metric which is sensitive to the location deviation of the bounding box is not suitable to measure the distance between two small ship boxes. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a small ships-oriented detection method based on YOLOX. First, as an anchor-free one-stage detector, YOLOX can achieve state-of-the-art performance without extra anchor parameters. To make a balance between detection accuracy and speed, YOLOX-tiny is adopted as the baseline network. Then, a modified Gaussian Wasserstein distance is proposed. By modeling the bounding boxes as 2D Gaussian distributions, the Modified Wasserstein Distance (MWD) can be used to measure the similarity between the boxes in network training and post-processing. Finally, the proposed method is verified on Large-Scale SAR Ship Detection Dataset-v1.0 (LS-SSDD-v1.0), and the experimental results show that the proposed MWD can effectively improve the detection performance on small ships.


Few studies have investigated the risk factors associated with developing intestinal stoma complications using appropriate multivariable methods. We aimed to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, stomal complications.


Increases in bending tests by the addition of low volume fractions of Polypropylene (PP) Short Fibers PP. These toughness increases are similar to those attained by Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) referred elsewhere as Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), having some ductility and strain hardening in direct tensile and flexural tests. Concretes mixtures were manufactured using natural pozzolanic blended Portland cement, volcanic crushed coarse aggregates and fine sand from Sahara desert dunes (0-1 mm) from Canary Islands quarries and sand reservoirs, respectively, besides ordinary siliceous sand (0-4 mm) and fly ash from an anthracite-coal heat generator.


A heterogeneous traffic model with two vehicle classes is developed to capture overtaking and creeping in highly heterogeneous traffic flows. Creeping is a special case of overtaking that occurs when small vehicles continue to advance in congestion even though larger vehicles have completely stopped. To motivate the new model, it is shown that a two class homogeneous multiclass model is equivalent to a class of second order models originally proposed by Aw, Rascle, and Zhang (ARZ). Based on the properties of the ARZ model, homogeneous models do not allow overtaking or creeping. The new creeping model is a phase transition model which applies a system of conservation laws in the noncreeping phase and a system equivalent to a scalar model in the creeping phase. The solution to the Riemann problem is obtained by investigating the elementary waves, particularly for the cases when one vehicle class is absent, as well as in the presence of a phase transition. Based on the proposed Riemann solver, the solution t...


We compare the growth and responsiveness to demand shocks of post-IPO firms and their private counterparts. Using multiple measures of myopia and multiple ways to match IPO firms with private firms, we do not find evidence of myopic behavior by public firms. IPO firms respond more to investment opportunities and have higher productivity in their early public years. Our results on public firms' sensitivity to growth opportunities hold under several robustness tests, including when we consider firms' total growth including acquisitions. The results show the importance of matching public to private firms early in their life.


Pop song is a new form of music in China. With the development of science and technology, it has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. The continuous progress and popularization of information technology such as Internet technology and mobile terminal equipment, as well as the diversification of intelligent products such as smart phones and computers, have brought convenience to the majority of netizens. Based on the above background, this article conducts research and analysis on the song recommendation program, and finds that its main problems include the following aspects: the user's attention is not high; lack of content. In order to improve the performance and application effect of the system, the corresponding solutions are proposed. This paper applies the recommendation algorithm based on machine learning to the actual music recommendation system, analyzes the requirements of the music recommendation system, discusses in detail the design idea of the music recommendation system and the framework design, operation process and functional module division of the whole system, and discusses in detail the design process of user registration and login module, record collection module and song search module. Finally, the performance and function of the system are tested and evaluated.


One-band Hubbard model with transverse anisotropy is considered at density of electrons $n=0.4$. It is shown that when the anisotropy is appropriately chosen, the ground state is ferromagnetic with magnetic order perpendicular to the anisotropy. The increasing of the ratio $\frac tU$, where $t$ is the hopping parameter and $U$ is the Coulomb repulsion, decreases the Curie temperature, and the system arrives at the quantum critical point $(T_C=0)$. The result is obtained introducing Schwinger bosons and slave Fermions representation of the electron operators. Integrating out the spin-singlet Fermi fields an effective Heisenberg model with ferromagnetic exchange constant is obtained for vectors which identifies the local orientation of the spin of the itinerant electrons. The amplitude of the spin vectors is an effective spin of the itinerant electrons accounting for the fact that some sites, in the ground state, are doubly occupied or empty. Owing to the anisotropy, the magnon fluctuations drive the system to quantum criticality and when the effective spin is critically small these fluctuations suppress the magnetic order.


This article addresses the debate over religion in the public sphere by analysing the conception of 'religion' in the recent work of Habermas, who claims to mediate the divide between those who defend public appeals to religion without restriction and those who place limits on such appeals. I argue that Habermas' translation requirement and his restriction on religious reasons in the institutional public sphere rest on a conception of religion as essentially apolitical in its origin. This conception, I argue, remains embedded in a standard secularization framework, despite Habermas' claim to offer a new account of secularization. This approach betrays the complex reality of the political constitution of religion and the religious constitution of politics, as demonstrated by the current debate about marriage rights in the USA. In mischaracterizing the inherently public and political dimensions of religion, Habermas undermines the effectiveness of his normative framework.


High multivitamin intake during pregnancy of the Wistar rat results in increased body weight, food intake and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in the offspring (Szeto IM et al. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 295: R575‐82). The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of a high multivitamin diet during pregnancy on body weight (BW) and glucose tolerance of the dams and their offspring after both the first and second pregnancy. Wistar rats (n=19) received the AIN‐93G diet with either the required (RV) or 10‐fold amount of multivitamins (HV) during the first pregnancy. After delivery all dams received only the RV diet and were mated again at 12 wk post‐weaning (PW). The offspring from both pregnancies were weaned to the RV diet and followed for 15 wk PW. BW and oral glucose tolerance were measured in the dams and offspring. Dams given the HV diet during the first pregnancy gained more weight at 12 and 20 wk after the first and second litters, respectively. First litter females, but not males, from the HV dams gained less BW than those from RV dams (239±7 vs 271±12g, p=0.03). Second litter males, but not females, from dams given the HV diet during the first pregnancy gained more BW (592±14 vs 539±18g, p=0.04) and had 7% higher glucose response at 4 wk PW. In conclusion, the effects of a high vitamin diet during the first pregnancy persist after the second pregnancy.


In recent years,the nutrition pattern for severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) is changing dramatically,which can be divided into three stages: total parenteral nutrition,stage nutrition support and early enteral nutrition.Early enteral nutrition(EEN) has been developed since early 21st century.In acute phase of SAP,once haemodynamics and homeostasis are stable,jejunal tube should be placed and enteral feeding should be started.Supplemental parenteral nutrition should be used only in patients who cannot be fed suf?ciently via the enteral route.Early enteral nutrition is not only "feeding",EEN can decrease excessive inflammtion response and prevent enterogenic infection.There is growing evidence that EEN can improve prognosis and reduce pancreatic necrotic infection in SAP patients.


A reproducible gene transfer technique for soybean would be useful for improving cultivars. Several plant transformation methods are available, but regeneration from cell culture is required, which is a problem in soybean, as tissue culture procedures have not yet been efficiently coupled to transformation for all its varieties. We report here a non-tissue-culture Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of soybean seed, using β-glucuronidase as a reporter gene. The method involves subjecting partially germinated seed to vacuum infiltration in the presence of A. tumefaciens. This method is simple and rapid, and transformed plants can be obtained directly at high frequency. Transformation was confirmed using PCR and Southern hybridization analysis.


[Objective] The research aimed to provide scientific basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of damages caused by melamine and cyanuric acid.[Method] Melamine and cyanuric acid were used together in the sub-acute oral toxicity test of rats to study the effects of joint toxicity of melamine and cyanuric acid after oral administration 28 days on the body weight and kidney of female SD rats.[Result] The body weight increase of female SD rats was inhibited by the joint toxicity of melamine and cyanuric acid.The organ coefficients of liver,spleen,lung,kidneys and bladder changed.The crystal formation was found in the kidney.The structure of some renal tubules and renal glomeruli were destroyed.[Conclusion] The increase inhibition of the body weight and the crystal formation in the kidney of female SD rats can be caused by joint toxicity of melamine and cyanuric acid by oral administration.


Quality support services play a significant role in the overall development of students with an intellectual disability. This qualitative study sought to examine to what extent the support services provided in South Australian schools for students with an intellectual disability influenced these students' problem-solving skills, family, social and academic lives. Interviews were conducted with students with an intellectual disability, their parents and their teachers. These data reflected a range of viewpoints from which to examine the problem under investigation. Students with an intellectual disability and their parents found that the support services had no real influence on students' abilities to solve problems, or on their social and family lives. Teachers, on the contrary, considered that students' problem-solving skills had been helped by the support given, their social lives to a more limited extent and their family lives were not influenced by the support. According to students with an intellectual disability and their teachers, the support influenced the academic lives of students positively; however, parents considered a limited influence of the support on this aspect as well. The interviews were particularly useful in evaluating the support services that students with an intellectual disability received.


Methods and apparatus for driving an information carrier tape use spaced distinct first and second capstans for arranging the tape in a U-shaped tape path having a pair of leg portions spaced from each other by the first capstan and extending to the second capstan and having a bight portion formed by the second capstan and interconnecting the leg portions. In one type of embodiments, the tape is driven with the first capstan and the tape is also driven with the second capstan independently of the first capstan. In another line of embodiments, one of the first and second capstans is electrically slaved to the other capstan.


Resume Echo sounder data were used to invcstigate the spatio-tcmporal variability of shoal behaviour in the Bay of Biscay. Data collected from annual surveys were processed using MOVIES-B software in order to mcasure this variability. The software was designed to measure morphological, energetic and space-time distribution descriptors from the acoustic signal received from fish shoals. Two surveys, DAAG 90 and DAAG 91, provided the appropriate characteristics for such an analysis. The survey's objective was to obtain relativc abundance indices for the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) biomass in the Bay of Biscay. The surveys wcrc canied out in the same area (southern Bay of Biscay), at the same period (April) within one year interval (1990 and 1991), using the same equipment (vesse], acoustic system, fishing gear) in a multispecies environment. Frequency distributions for every descriptor were obtained and used to describe the acoustic detection of fish shoals. The analysis of frequency distributions of space-time descriptors (year, day-hour and bottom depth) allowed the construction of derived discrete variables, which defined new subsets of detections. The subsets were then described by the continuous variables. A principal components analysis was used to describe the multidimensional data structure and to describe behaviour patterns. The size and external outline unevenness are correlatcd groups of shoal descriptors, but are independent of the watcr column shoal position and the degree of interna1 shoal structure. An important feature is shoal size variability between years. Significant differences in shoal characteristics were found between bathymetric zones of the same region and the pattern was sirnilar between years. This spatial wariability is related to the distribution of different species between bathymetric zones. Although it was not possible to explain size variability between years, this will be necessary to improve shoal characterization. More knowledge about oceanographic conditions, the productivity level and availability of food, predator pressure and accurate identification of shoal species is required, in order to study the spatial or temporal variability in size and behaviour of shoals.


This study compares the acoustical measurements and simulation results of five atria with different designs. In each, atrium reverberation times and sound distribution patterns were obtained via measurements. Independently, we modelled these spaces using a room acoustics simulation application. The comparison of measurements and simulation results support the formulation of recommendations toward a more reliable use of modelling tools for proper acoustical design and analysis of atria.


In recent years, singular spectrum decomposition (SSD) has been recognized as a powerful signal decomposition technique and has become a useful tool for fault signature extraction of rotating machinery. A complex SSD (CSSD) approach is proposed in this paper, extending SSD to the complex domain. Moreover, the equivalent filter banks property of CSSD is studied by using the Gaussian noise. Based on the CSSD and Hilbert transform (HT), two fault feature extraction algorithms, named CSSD Hilbert time-frequency spectrum (CSSD-HTFS) and CSSD Hilbert envelope spectrum (CSSD-HES), are exploited. In order to fuse the information of multi-sensors and extract sufficient fault features, a novel fault diagnosis framework for rotating machinery is developed. Specifically, the vibration signals collected along the X-direction and Y-direction are firstly employed to construct a complex-valued signal. Next, the CSSD of the complex-valued signal is carried out to obtain a series of decomposed components associated with the positive and negative frequency components. Following, the CSSD-HTFS or the CSSD-HES algorithm is adopted to extract the fault signatures of the decomposed components. Finally, the fault pattern of the rotating machinery is recognized based on the extracted fault signatures. Several examples of fault diagnosis applications validate the developed methodology.


To investigate the differences in velum closure pattern in people with and without a history of middle ear disease using intranasal pressure curves recorded with the tubomanometer, a Eustachian tube (ET) testing device.


The little boy who announced to a shocked court that the emperor was dressed in nothing but his birthday suit was no mean philosopher in the Wittgensteinian mode. Immune from bewitchment by language he followed blindly, figuratively speaking, the rule of 'look and see'; any explanation being superfluous since everything lay exposed to view, he described what he saw in everyday words stripped of metaphysical gloss and used in a language-game they could happily call home. Such impeccable philosophical credentials and his fearless pursuit of the truth encourage me to follow his example, though I feel a certain trepidation at the enormity of what I am about to suggest: To my ingenuous gaze the body corporate of Wittgensteinian scholarship displays some startlingly naughty bits that really ought to be decently covered.


A field experiment involving monocultures of common bean  (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize  (Zea mays L.) and the association of these crops was carried out at the Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, during the agricultural year 1982/83 with the principal objective of studying the effect of different populations of bean, fertilized and nonfertilized in two systems of cultivation, and their effects on maize an bean. The experimental desing used was randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial, consisting of treatments: five populations of common bean planted between the rows of maize, both fertilized and non-fertilized, with four additional treatment for common bean and three for maize and four replications. It was verified that the production of common bean, when associated, was a direct function of the planting system and the fertilization. The presence of common bean independent of the populations studied and of the presence of fertilizers, did not affect the maize, the production of common bean in association thereby constituting an advantage in economic terms. The results obtained also indicated the necessity of determining the optimum level of fertilization for the mayze-bean association.


Process the action of microorganisms introduced into the formulation of sausages, due to the formation of biologically active components, proteolytic enzymes, low molecular weight substances, organic acids, thereby increasing the nutritional value, improved hygiene and microbiological parameters of the final product. During a scientific experiment was modeled technological cycle of production of boiled sausages «Doctorskay» in the formulation of prototypes of products used probiotic product Narine-Forte stage salting and maturing minced beef. As a result of the activity of microorganisms observed enrichment of prototypes of protein components, reducing the residual concentration of sodium nitrite reduction in the overall microbial contamination during storage of sausages.


Introduction. The Laboratory of Drug Formulation Development at the N. N. National Medical Research Center of Oncology developed a liposomal dosage form of FS tetra-3-phenylthio-pthalocyanine hydroxyluminide (TPHA) for which a simple, accurate and easily reproducible method of quantitative determination of the main active substance and excipients in the drug product was needed. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was chosen as such a technique.Aim. The aim of this work was to develop chromatographic methods for the quantitative determination of excipients in a liposomal dosage form of a tetra-3-phenylthiophthalocyanine hydroxyaluminium (TPHA).Materials and methods. Determination of substances was carried out by the method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) followed by TLC-densitometry. Substance TPHA 98 % (Federal State Unitary Enterprise "SSC "NIOPIK", Russia), placebo lyophilized liposomal form without TFHA in the composition (FSBI "National Medical Research Center of Oncology. N. N. Blokhin" of the Ministry of Health of Russia), egg phosphatidylcholine (96 %, CAS № 97281-44-2, EPC Lipoid, Germany), cholesterol (≥99 %, CAS № C8667, Sigma-Aldrich, Japan), sucrose analytical grade (CHIMMED, Russia) and various organic solvents.Results and discussion. The selected mobile phase for HPTLC analysis: isopropanol: ammonia 25 % aqueous 80 : 20, separation time was 20– 25 min (l = 75mm), t = 20 °С. To visualize the spots of sucrose, phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol, a 5 % solution of phosphomolybdic acid was chosen. The stability of the standard samples was confirmed on a series of prevalidation studies. Validation of the methodology was carried out.Conclusion. For quantitative determination of sucrose, phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol in a new liposomal dosage form, the method of HPTLC with TLC-densitometry was chosen, which allows identifying all three components in the dosage form simultaneously. The method was validated.


Theoretically, the answer to the question: "Multiple-use forestry—who pays," should be quite a simple one. In as much as multiple-use forestry confers different benefits on different people, then clearly these beneficiaries should pay for what they receive. In practice, the situation is far more complex and there is no simple answer. There are three reasons for this. First, many of the benefits which forests confer, particularly those connected with social and amenity values, are imponderable and cannot be quantified. Secondly, even when they can, it is generally difficult, and sometimes impossible, to place a monetary value on them. Thirdly, New Zealanders have traditionally received secondary or off-site forest benefits for nothing and they expect this state of affairs to continue. Before elaborating on these points, it is perhaps as well to clear the air by defining precisely how I interpret the title of this paper. I take multiple-use forestry to* include dual-purpose forestry, and I take forestry in this context to mean the management of all forest land irrespective of tenure. For obvious reasons, dualand multiple-use forestry will more frequently be the concern of the State rather than of the private sector. However, the latter cannot help but be involved, perhaps to a small degree at present, but I believe to> an increasingly greater degree in the future. Indeed, it is this rapidly growing trend for all forests to fulfil a variety of socially, ecologically, and economically desirable functions, rather than to be mere cellulose factories, which makes the whole subject so important. This point was stressed strongly by J. C. Westoby in the emphatic and stimulating comments about forestry and tourism he made during: the course of his public address in Rotorua in October 1969. The theoretical answer already suggested — that the user should pay — is simple to apply for forests which are predominantly devoted to the production of wood as the raw material for industry. The benefits in the form of usable wood are measurable and susceptible to accurate valuation in monetary terms. But there is an important qualification — though the wood-user should certainly pay for what he gets, he should pay only for what he gets. In as much as stumpages are related to growing or management costs, the wood-user should not be expected to pay for anything but the production forestry components of these. This point was made clearly in several of the papers produced for the Forestry Development Conference in February 1969. Thus, in its report the Forest Industries Working Party stated: 'Tn assessing what costs are to be recovered, it is important to separate out the costs of providing wood for commercial purposes from those of providing other benefits such as protection, scenic and recreational values, permanent roading, etc., for which indus-


The article considers the features of telecommunications equipment (hereinafter referred TCE) protection from computer attacks by setting up of protective mechanisms. Information about existing developments of TCE protection area is given in the article. Data about the most significant threats to information security of TCE is presented. The areas of applicability of existing recommendations for setting up TCE are shown; their limitations and disadvantages in terms of ensuring information security are highlighted. An original method of TCE protection is for the first time proposed by the authors to neutralize the identified shortcomings in the theoretical basis. The improvements in TCE protection at the control, data and protocol planes are graphically presented in the article. Conducted researches have shown that settings, suggested by the authors, do not seriously affect performance. TCE protection with integrated security means can be considered as the first line of defense for communication networks. Fixing of computer attacks at the specified line will allow specialists to timely identify illegal actions and develop the necessary management decisions. The proposed method of TCE protection can be applied to the model lines of equipment, produced by the largest telecommunications companies.


On 29.09.85 at Tiana (Barcelona, NE Spains a Red-necked Nightjar was captured presenting resumption of moult interrupted during the winter. The bird reactivated the moult from the point where it had stopped in winter, confirming that this moult interruption was a case of suspended moult.


ABSTRACT Dielectric properties of concentrated w/o emulsions in the frequency range 40 MHz to 4 GHz were investigated by means of the time domain spectroscopy (TDS) method in the presence of an external high voltage field. All investigated samples show a dielectric dispersion due to the interfacial polarization inside the aqueous droplets. All the dielectric parameters (es, es −einfinand τ) are dependent on the magnitude of the external field. At higher electric fields, the coalescence is promoted. The dependence of the droplet size distribution, the strength of the applied field, the orientation of the droplets relative the electrical field on the dielectric parameters is discussed for these concentrated emulsions.


Two categories of lower and upper lattice-valued F-transforms with fuzzy relations as morphisms are introduced, as generalisations of standard categories of F-transforms with maps as morphisms. Although F-transforms are defined using special structures called spaces with fuzzy partitions, it is shown that these categories are identical to the relational variants of the two categories of semimodule homomorphisms where these fuzzy partitions do not occur. This a priori independence of the F-transform on spaces with fuzzy partitions makes it possible, for example, to use a simple matrix calculus to calculate F-transforms, or to determine the image of F-transforms in relational morphisms of the two categories.


Bovine vitamin K-dependent carboxylase was prepared, both from normal cows and from warfarin-treated ones. The two carboxylating enzyme systems were similar except for the fact that carboxylase from warfarin-treated cows contained a 100-fold higher amount of endogenous substrate. About 65% of this substrate consisted of one-chain factor X-precursor (s) and 25% of prothrombin-precursor(s). Solubilized carboxylase could be purified more than 100-fold by immuno- specific adsorption onto immobilized antifactor X antibodies. The purified enzyme contained 40% (w/w) phospholipid (mainly phosphatidylcholine), which was absolutely required for the carboxylating activity. Carboxylase from non-anticoagulated cows was used for studying exogenous substrates. Bovine descarboxyprothrombin, descarboxyfragment-1 and the pentapeptide Phe-Leu-Glu- Glu-Leu were carboxylated with a low efficiency (Km, between 0.4 and 11 mM). On the other hand a peptide, identical to the amino acid residues 13-29 in descarboxyprothrombin, had a Km of 0.001 mM. It seems probable therefore that the latter peptide contains all information required for a good substrate.


Image based quantitative stratification of the left ventricular (LV) pathology helps in understanding the structure-function symbiosis of the heart. However, this requires unbiased, referenceless multi-subject LV alignment that accounts for the physioanatomic variations associated with the pathology. This paper achieves this hitherto elusive alignment by adopting the conventional risk stratification strategies routinely followed by clinicians. The individual LV shape models are independently reoriented to an " attitudinally consistent orientation" that captures the physioanatomic and pathologic variations of the LV morphology. The proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and provides an efficient framework for constructing pathology stratified cardiac atlas.


Abstract In this paper the effect of rheological or long-term behavior of geosynthetic layer on the settlement response of reinforced granular fill-soft soil system has been studied. The system is modeled by mechanical elements such as the standard linear solid (SLS) model to predict the rheological behavior of the geosynthetic reinforcement at low stress level over a limited time period, spring-dashpot elements for the soft foundation soil and shear layer for granular fill. The consolidation effect of the soft soil has also been incorporated in the model. The resulting governing differential equations are solved using finite difference method in an iterative manner and the obtained results are presented in a nondimensional form. Parametric studies carried out for a uniformly loaded strip footing resting on the reinforced bed show that apart from loading intensity and soil properties, the nondimensional model parameters reflecting the rheological behavior affect significantly the settlement response of the reinforced foundation.


: The formation of aberrant modules (internodes) of the shoot was found sporadically in the colonial hydroid Dynamena pumila from the family Sertulariidae, which is distinguished by the symmetrical two-row position of the hydrotheca on the shoot stem. Despite rare significant deviations from the norm in the structure of some modules, the following modules in the shoots are formed normally. All variants of deviation from the norm (called morphovariations) are classified and, in general, are represented by four groups according to the possible reasons for their occurrence. The morphotypes are the most interesting morphological variations and look like similar modules in other genera of hydroids. Considering the position of the aberrant modules on the shoots of one colony, we can confidently infer that they were formed at different times, which undermines the assumption that deviations from the norm in morphogenesis were caused by environmental factors. All morphovariations are characterized by certain occurrences. Consequently, the described phenomenon is not limited to phenotypic plasticity, polymorphism, or sequential changes of phenotypes in the life cycle and, therefore, is singled out as a special phenomenon called morphogenetic polyvariance.


Abstract This contribution deals with the formal computation of so-called flat outputs of nonlinear control systems using a Computer Algebra System. A toolbox is presented which assists the evaluation of the necessary and sufficient conditions for differential flatness derived in Levine (2006) using the formalism of systems on manifolds of jets of infinite order (see e.g. Martin et al. (1997); Fliess et al. (1999)). The functionality of the toolbox is illustrated by means of an example. Copyright © 2010 IFAC


The advancement in technology Smart door locking system have become more advanced. The android based smart door lock system here is basically designed for smart lock with high security operations. Such system is very much required in Bank, home and Business organization. The system also gives functionalities for single user, where single user is authorized to operate the lock. The cost is very low implementation with advanced functionality and easy to use interface makes the system very useful.


Investigates how export market characteristics such as local government regulation, infrastructure differences, export market lag, cultural differences, end‐user differences in tastes and preferences, and competitive intensity affect ideal and actual product adaptation. Explores how these effects varied by consumer versus industrial products. A mail survey of medium‐sized export firms provided the data for hypothesis testing. The results suggested the major market factors driving adaptation were government regulation, infrastructure differences and market lag. Evaluates the effects of adaptation on several dimensions of firm performance. Sales growth was the only dimension significantly affected by adaptation.


Objectives: Hip arthroscopy has seen dramatic growth over the past several years. As technology improves, indications continue to evolve. Our purpose was to evaluate the most recent trends in various arthroscopic hip procedures using a national database significantly larger than those previously utilized and which obviates many of the concerns seen with previously used databases. Our secondary purpose was to assess the incidence and specific details regarding secondary procedures, including total hip arthroplasty, for patients during the study period. Methods: The MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database was searched using ICD-9 and CPT codes to identify patients who underwent any arthroscopic hip procedure from 2008-2013 including soft tissue procedures such as labral debridement or labral repair as well as bony procedures such as femoroplasty or actetabuloplasty. Patients identified were characterized by gender, age group and year of the initial procedure. Data for procedures was also divided between index procedures and revision procedures. Regression analysis was used to evaluate differences in surgical trends between individual patient groups delineated by age and gender. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to identify significant differences in surgical trends seen yearly. Results: A total of 55,477 patients underwent a total of 62,782 arthroscopic hip procedures from 2008 through 2013. The number of cases per number of patients in the database increased every year with 15,031 total procedures in 2013 versus 3763 total procedures in 2008. Prior to changes in CPT coding, labral and/or chondral debridement represented the most commonly performed procedure. However, femoroplasty became the most common procedure in 2012 at 25% of all cases and increased to 28% of all cases by 2013. Labral repair and acetabuloplasty showed similar increases from 2011 to 2013, becoming the second and third most common procedures during that time at 21% and 17% of all procedures. Females underwent more procedures during the study period (35,088 to 20,389 for males). Patients age 40-49 were most likely to undergo any procedure, undergoing 16,373 (26%) procedures with labral or chondral debridement being the most common procedure performed (32%) followed by femoroplasty (18%). A total of 2,754 patients (10%) underwent a second arthroscopic procedure during the study period with labral or chondral debridement representing the most common secondary procedure (54%). A total of 29892 patients (5%) underwent a total hip arthroplasty following an arthroscopic procedure during the study period. Patients undergoing arthroscopic loose body removal had the highest percentage of patients eventually undergoing total hip arthroplasty (11%). Conclusion: Arthroscopic hip procedures continue to increase in incidence. Femoroplasty has become the most common procedure performed since specific coding began though labral or chondral debridement was the most common secondary procedure. Patients age 40-49 underwent the most arthroscopic hip procedures. Despite smaller studies that have shown that lack of addressing osseous lesions may lead to a higher risk of failure, this large database did not support this. A significant percentage (5%) of patients undergoes hip arthroplasty within 4 years of having hip arthroscopy done.


Qing Ci Zong Bu is one of the " Ci Zong" series which was the most featured anthologies in the Qing dynasty. Well Qing Ci Zong Bu did not get the deserved attention over the years. This paper attempts to give an examination of the compilation process and stylistic features of Qing Ci Zong Bu so that people will know more about it. Qing Ci Zong Bu has a long history of compilation,about several yeas from the beginning to it has fifty- eight edition. Qing Ci Zong Bu has five stylistic features,some of them reflect Ding Shaoyi's special purpose,the others reflect it's imitation and outstanding compared to other anthologies.


The information on the routing of a road provided by a navigation system can be used by the driver of a vehicle with adaptive shock absorber to decide either for optimal comfort or optimal safety depending on the course of the guideway. However, the assessment criteria comfort and safety are with respect to the shock absorber in conflict with each other. In particular, maximal safety on a curvaceous road results in lower comfort. Thus, deciding on high safety means low comfort conveying a warning to the driver to reduce the speed. The methods applied in this paper originate from multibody dynamics, and they are extended by the stochastic road unevenness and the guideway curvature available to the driver from a navigation system using GPS data. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The present study was concerned with the effects of the intensity of motivation and the difference between discriminanda (time to reinforcement) on double-alternation learning. 150 students were assigned to 5 motivation groups, each consisting of 3 discriminandum groups. Ss' task was to find out which of 2 response buttons was associated with a shorter (" correct") buzzer sound which changed its side in double-alternation. The 5 motivation groups differed significantly in mean log latency but not in number of correct responses. The increased difference in time to reinforcement for the positive and negative responses facilitated the choice performance but not the speed of response. These results were discussed in terms of the Yerkes-Dodson law, of which a variation of the Hullian explanation was proposed. An analysis of the


Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, and W.S. Fleming and Associates, Inc. conducted a field-test program to evaluate prototype earth-coupled heat pump systems in two upstate New York homes. Each site utilized a proototype liquid-source heat pump designed specifically for the earth-coupled application. One-pipe and two-pipe-per-trench earth coils were used. The results show that the prototype heat pumps provided efficient operation at source temperatures as low as 27)degree)F, enabling significantly shorter earth loops to be installed. Earth loop cost savings were greater than the increased cost of the heat pump over standard models, resulting in a net decrease in overall system installed cost. 9 refs., 9 figs., 17 tabs.


The role of religious belief in disasters has become a burgeoning research area in recent years. There is concern among disaster researchers about resilience enhancement, but knowledge about the religious belief-disaster resilience nexus is limited. This article shows that religious belief can generate disaster resilience through the pathways of disaster framing, mental health, and disaster behaviour. Drawing on interviews conducted with Tibetan Buddhist believers in the Yushu earthquake-struck area, this study indicates that the notions of Tibetan Buddhism, including karma, the four primary elements, impermanence, and existence being equal, as well as religious practices, such as prayer, chanting and the god dance, helped locals make sense of the occurrence of the earthquake, obtain spiritual support in the aftermath of the earthquake, foster a sense of community, and develop a prosocial post-earthquake environment. These religious notions and practices also assisted in sustaining a faith-based network consisting of two kinds of important local social relationships, i.e., layperson-layperson and layperson-monk relationships, which increased local disaster resilience at the level of response behaviour. The findings enrich our understanding of the religious source of disaster resilience and offer insights for disaster risk reduction in religious regions, especially in areas where Buddhist belief is prevalent.


The exogenous application of small peptides can beneficially affect clinical skin appearance (wrinkles) and architecture (collagen and elastic fibre deposition and epidermal thickness). However, the discovery of new bioactive peptides has not been underpinned by any guiding hypothesis. As endogenous extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived peptides produced during tissue remodelling can act as molecular signals influencing cell metabolism, we hypothesised that protease cleavage site prediction could identify putative novel matrikines with beneficial activities. Here, we present an in silico to in vivo discovery pipeline, which enables the prediction and characterisation of peptide matrikines which differentially influence cellular metabolism in vitro. We use this pipeline to further characterise a combination of two novel ECM peptide mimics (GPKG and LSVD) which act in vitro to enhance the transcription of ECM organisation and cell proliferation genes and in vivo to promote epithelial and dermal remodelling. This pipeline approach can both identify new matrikines and provide insights into the mechanisms underpinning tissue homeostasis and repair.


The research aims at studying the potential of reusing plastic water bottles as a building material and an alternative to traditional bricks, in a way that can minimize waste and hence reduce ecological imbalance. The research compares the energy performance of building with traditional bricks and building with plastic bottle blocks. The researchers built digitally two sample rooms: (3 meter width*3 meter length*3 meter Height) with both materials, Then they took on-site measurements for energy performance of the rooms. The rooms were built on DesignBuilder software in order to help in environmental analysis of buildings, and compare the efficiency of the two materials of sample rooms. Results showed that building with plastic water bottles has some environmental benefits other than reuse of a material that hardly decomposes. It has its effects on energy saving and thermal comfort. Further research and experiments is encouraged as the plastic residue dilemma grows more in modern societies and affects the ecological balance and wild life.


The present invention discloses a Bilog broadband antenna structure which is provided with the following components on a main metal pipe: connection antenna sets which are used as 9-14 sets of the broadband antenna unit, and a blow-tie antenna set which is used as a low-frequency antenna unit. The connection antenna sets are successively provided at a first side of the main metal pipe from short to long. Furthermore a feed-in end is provided at an end of the first side of the main metal pipe and is electrically connected with the main metal pipe. Furthermore setting of a balance-unbalance converter and design for a metal conductive block and a ferrite retaining ring effectively improve transmission performance of the antenna. Additionally, under a precondition that same band is obtained, the Bilog broadband antenna structure has the following advantages: least number of antennae, reduced volume and reduced weight.


: Humans can sense five basic tastes, sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and umami. Receptors for each basic taste quality are thought to be expressed in separate populations of taste bud cells. Humans also possess orosensory mechanisms to detect compounds that do not elicit any basic tastes. Some foods are known to have taste sensation that cannot be explained by the five basic tastes alone, such as continuity, mouthfulness and thickness. It was demonstrated that these sensations are evoked by the addition of kokumi substances, flavor modifiers that have no taste themselves. We recently demonstrated that the orally administered agonists/modulators of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) affect these orosensory perception that cannot be explained by the five basic tastes. For instance, in human sensory studies, CaSR activators, Ca 2+ and γ -glutamyl peptides enhance the intensities of umami, sweet, and salty tastes in a CaSR-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found the positive correlation between CaSR activity and taste enhancing effect of kokumi substances. We conclude that calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is involved in kokumi substances perception. In this review, we also show that CaSR ac-tivating peptide, γ -Glu-Val-Gly is the potent kokumi substance and would be useful for improving the flavor of foods.


In this paper, the factors affecting the surface roughness by flank milling are selected, and the blade machining experiments are implemented according to the orthogonal table designed, Then, the blade surface roughness are measured using TR200 instrument, and the surface roughness of the blade results are analyzed using visual analysis method and variance analysis method. Finally, the impact of various factors on the blade roughness is obtained, and the optimal process parameters of flank milling aluminum alloy blade are given.


In the title compound, C18H26N2O6S2, all bond lengths and angles are normal. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


A Bayesian precipitation nowcasting system based on the ensemble Kalman filter is formulated. Starting from the last available radar observations, the prediction step of the filter consists of a stochastic radar extrapolation technique, while the correction step updates the radar extrapolation nowcast using information from the most recent forecast by the numerical weather prediction model (NWP). The result is a flow-dependent and seamless blending scheme that is based on the spread of the nowcast and NWP ensembles, used as the definition of the forecast error. To simplify the matrix operations, the Bayesian update is performed in the subspace spanned by the principal components, hence the term reduced space. Synthetic data experiments demonstrated that the Bayesian nowcast correctly captures the flow dependency in both the NWP forecast and the radar extrapolation skills. Four experiments with real precipitation data and a relatively small ensemble size (21 members) represented a first test under realistic conditions, such as stratiform wintertime precipitation and localized summertime convection. The skill was quantified in terms of fractions skill score at 32-km scale and 2.0 mm h−1 intensity. The results indicate that the system is able to produce blended forecasts that are at least as skillful as the nowcast-only or the NWP-only forecasts at any lead time.


This paper presents the development and narrow-linewidth characteristics of an optically-pumped vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser emitting light near 1120 nm. The laser development is motivated by the need to achieve narrowlinewidth, frequency-stable laser emission near 280 nm for cooling of Mg+ ions. The laser is capable of emitting ~0.8 W at 1118.542 nm in a less than 300 kHz linewidth.


A discussion of the political aspects of administrative decision-making concerns the sanctioning or prohibiting rcorporal punishment in schools in general and the action taken when teachers who use corporal punishment come under attack. The data, derived from the author's participant observation in the Detroit Public Schools, indicate that (1) corporal punishment has been an accepted and practiced control mechanism in many schools; (2) most large school systems have a machinery for protecting teachers who may be jeopardized because they have administered physical punishment; and (3) parents filing civil suits have found that both teachers and administrators have liability insurance and are represented in court by attorneys for their professional organizations. Where corporal punishment is sanctioned, educators are shielded effectively even when overzealous, ill-advised, or sadistic. The removal of that shield, the primary target in any political effort to bar corporal punishment, is the concern of the remainder of the paper. (Author/MLF)


Abstract : A new research project was initiated to investigate whether high proton conductivity chalcogenide glasses could be prepared by doping base chalcogenide glasses, like glass B2S3 with a proton source, like H2S to yield proton conducting membranes for use in intermediate temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. While it will be shown below that indeed proton doped chalcogenide glasses could be prepared over wide ranges of compositions from a number of different base chalcogenide glasses, including B2S3, the proton conductivity for all of these glasses and in some cases polycrystals, was always quite low, rarely exceeding 10-5 (S/cm) at 100 deg C. In addition, the proton doped glasses and ceramics exhibited limited thermal stability such that these materials thermally decomposed rapidly losing H2S, the proton source, above 100 deg C and for this reason had very limited usefulness above 100 deg C.


SummarySince 2012 the Universidad de Flores (UFLO) is carrying out a Program of Development ofUrban Agriculture at the institutional headquarters. The aim of...


Today, sensing represents one of the key topics in current science and technology. Polyoxometalates (POMs), which are defined as early transition metal clusters, are considered as one of the most growing fields of research and development in sensing. This paper discusses the promising prospects of POMs in sensing. The paper starts with brief definitions about the formation of POMs. The two basic structures of POMs, Keggin and Dawson, as well as some combined structures are discussed. The interesting properties of POMs particularly as acid catalysts, in medicine, in redox chemistry and in magnetism are briefly mentioned. The main methods used for the deposition of POMs on solid supports (substrates) including chemisorption, electrodeposition, encapsulation in polymers and sol–gels, immobilization using the Langmuir–Blodgett process, layer by layer assemblies as well as deposition via formation of hybrid POM–organic moieties are discussed with their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the potential applications of immobilized POMs on solid substrates as sensors for the detection and determination of analytes both in liquid and in the gas phase are addressed and compared.


American Petroleum Institute, Petroleum Facts and Figures, Washington, D.C., 1971. , Basic Petroleum Data Book, Washington, D.C., 1976. Burright, Burke, and John Enns, Econometric Models of the Demand for Motor Fuel, Rand Report R1561-NSF, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., 1975. Chase Econometrics Assoc., Inc., "The Effect of Tax and Regulatory Alternatives on Car Sales and Gasoline Consumption," Council on Environmental Quality, 1974. Dahl, Carol A., "American Energy Consumption, 'Extravagant or Economical': A Study of Gasoline," Resources and Energy (forthcoming). , "Refinery Mix in the U.S., Canada and the E.E.C.." manuscript, Wayne State University, 1979. Houthakker, Hendrik S., Phillip K. Verleger, Jr., and Dennis P. Sheehan, "Dynamic Demand Analysis for Gasoline and Residential Electricity," American Journal of Agricultural Economics 56 (May 1974), 412-418. Keck, Carol A., Nathan Erlbaum, Patricia L. Milic, and Michael Trentacost, "Changes in Individual Travel Behavior during the Energy Crisis, 1973-1974," New York Department of Transportation, Planning and Research Bureau, Preliminary Research Report 67, New York, N.Y., 1974. Motor Vehicle Mfg. Assoc., Auto Facts and Figures, Detroit, MI., various years. Norling, Carol Dahl, "The Demand for Gasoline," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. Office of Energy Systems "Passenger Car Use of Gasoline: An Analysis of Policy Options," Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D.C., 1975. Ramsey, James, G. Rash, and B. Allen, "An Analysis of the Private and Commercial Demand for Gasoline," this REVIEW 57 (Nov. 1975), 502-507. Sims, Christopher A., "Money, Income, and Causality," The American Economic Review 62 (Sept. 1972), 540-552. U.S. Department of Commerce, Business Statistics, Washington, D.C., various years. , Statistical Abstract of the United States, Washington, D.C., various years. , Survey of Current Business, National Income Accounts Supplement, Washington, D.C., various years. U.S. Department of Transportation, Highway Statistics Summary to 1965, Washington, D.C., 1965. , Highway Statistics, Washington, D.C., various years. U.S. Government Printing Office, Economic Report of the President, Washington, D.C., 1975. Wildhorn, Sorrel, Burke K. Burright, John H. Enns, and Thomas F. Kirkwood, How to Save Gasoline: Public Policy Alternatives for the Automobile, Rand Report R1560-NSF, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. (1974).


In the present invention, each magnetic body (4) on a mask substrate (2) separates Y opening arrays (31) and X opening arrays (32) in the mask substrate (2), and each magnetic body (4) separating the X opening arrays (32) is thinner at portions thereof between adjacent openings (3) arranged in the Y direction than at portions thereof between adjacent Y opening arrays (31).


Abstract The Apolipoprotein-ε4 (APOE-ε4) genotype is associated with earlier onset and greater risk of β-amyloid deposition, but whether APOE-ε4 status is associated with physical activity amount or fragmentation remains unclear. In 563 BLSA participants aged 55-97 years with APOE-ε4 and ≥3 days of wrist accelerometry data, multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate differences in activity amount (daily or by 6-hour time blocks) or fragmentation by APOE-ε4 status and to test whether age modifies these effects. Overall, daily activity amount and fragmentation did not differ by APOE-ε4 status (p=0.28 and p=0.93, respectively). Yet, age significantly modified the APOE-ε4 effect. Per each additional year of age, APOE-ε4 carriers had less activity during early morning (12:00-6:00AM) than non-carriers (p=0.035). This association was non-significant among the oldest-old (p=0.697 at age 80 years, p=0.347 at age 90 years), suggesting possible decreases in the predictive power of APOE-ε4 with increasing age.


A technique for measuring the velocity of sound in gases confined in tubes is described. The basic apparatus first proposed by F. A. Angona [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 25, No. 6, 1111–15 (1953)] mainly for measurement of tube attenuation coefficients was adapted for this purpose. The method involves locating two positions of identical phase along a free progressive wave. Such a wave is made possible by an absorbing termination. The value obtained for the velocity of sound in high purity nitrogen gas at 21.1 C (70 F) and atmospheric pressure is 349.78 m/sec as compared to a calculated value of 349.80 m/sec.


This study aims to analyze what English skills are most needed by English students and how to structure the curriculum in English. This research method uses qualitative methods with case study research design. This research was conducted in Biology education at a university in Garut. The subjects of this study were 6 students from level 4 and 25 students from levels 1-4. This study used three instruments, namely interviews, analyzing documents, and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that reading skills that was English skill needed by Biology students, having these abilities could help and support their understanding in reading books, journals, and modules in English. Not only that, speaking skills were also needed by them to support future careers, especially in teaching. Second, mastery of vocabulary and grammar aspects is an aspect that Biology students feel is still lacking, so this has an impact on their speaking and reading processes. Therefore, learning English is still lacking if it is only taught one semester in the Biology Study Program.


The initial filling of Tehri dam reservoir had started w.e.f. October 29th, 2005 after the closure of the last diversion tunnel T-2 which remained in operation for almost 4 years. Since the filling upto Minimum Draw Down Level (MDDL) i.e., El 740 m was unrestricted, the issue of adopting, the specific criteria for further filling to accomplish a pre-determined monitoring programme needed deliberations. The major factors to be considered for establishing initial filling criteria for a dam are the geology of the dam foundation and reservoir, landslide potential along the banks of the reservoir, inflow characteristics whether controlled or uncontrolled, hydrology of the river and time taken to fill the reservoir etc. In addition to this, other factors like the releases for project requirements, flood release and emergency evacuation requirements, if necessitated, also needed to be considered. The time to be kept for intermediate stoppage depends on the type of instruments installed in the dam, provisions for monitoring the readings and evaluation time needed etc.


Summary This study was conducted to determine the length of time required for elevated glucagon secretion induced by protein feeding to be reversed upon resumption of a normal diet. Portal vein (PV) glucagon and glucagon secretion by isolated islets stimulated with arginine were determined in rats fed a high protein (HP) diet for 1 week, in control rats and in animals fed the HP diet for one week followed by the control regimen for 1, 2, 3, 5 or 7 days. Protein feeding caused a 500% rise of PV glucagon which was not reversed until day 7 on the control food. Arginine stimulated glucagon secretion by isolated islets which was almost doubled by protein feeding, returned to basal level on the fifth day of refeeding the control diet. These observations are in agreement with previous work which has demonstrated a slow change in the rate of glucagon synthesis.


Technology plays the vital role in healthcare not only for sensory devices but also in communication, recording and display device. It is very important to monitor various medical parameter and post operational days. Hence latest trend in Healthcare communication method using IOT is adapted. The IoT has a variety of application domains, including health care system. The IoT revolution is redesigning modern health care with promising technological, economic, and social prospects Among others, mainly radio frequency identification(RFID), wireless sensor network (WSN), and smart mobile technologies are leading this evolutionary trend. In the wake of this tendency, this paper proposes a survey on novel, IoT-aware, smart system for automatic monitoring and tracking of patients, personnel, and biomedical devices within hospitals and nursing institutes. Staying true to the IoT vision, a smart health care and management system (SHS), which relies on different, yet complementary, technologies, specifically RFID, WSN, and smart mobile, Internet of things serves as a catalyst for the healthcare and plays important role in wide range of healthcare applications. Keywords— IOT, Internet Protocol, SHS, RFID, Microcontroller, Embedded system, ECG, ICU, Monitoring.


The mutual interaction on the antibacterial activity of metronidazole and tinidazole with ampicillin, doxycycline and co-trimoxazole was studied by two-fold agar dilution series and chess-board determinations with 24 anaerobic bacterial strains which were recent clinical isolates. The nitroimidazoles had similar activity, and partial or complete synergy was observed in 83 - 88% of the strains when they were combined with ampicillin and doxycycline and 83 - 100% when combined with co-trimoxazole, which was moderately less active on a weight basis. A combination between ampicillin and a nitroimidazole would be preferable due to high level of synergy, high activity against anaerobes, and a more consistent supplementary activity against enterococci.


A Thesis Submitted to School of Social Work Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Social Work


To be regarded as a kind of new typed green manufacturing technology the sub-dry cutting could not only avoid the environmental pollution by the cutting but also could lower the productive cost of product in a large amplitude.Take the cooling of grinding emery wheel as an example and in accordance with cold wind cooling machining system graph,the cooling method and requirements with sub-dried air were introduced in detail.