Objective: To investigate the impacts of the serum of Yi-qi-chu-tan formula on anoikis in human lung cancer cell line A549 and explore its effect on the expression of proteins P-akt,P-p38 as well as of the anoikis-related genes p53,bax and bcl-2. Methods: Detecting the effect of different concentrations herbs serum on anchorage independent proliferation and anoikis of A549cells was assessed by soft agar colony experiment and poly HEMA cultivation. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The protein expression of P-akt and P-p38 was detected by Western blot. The related mRNA expression were examined by RT-PCR. Results: A549cells can form clear colonies in 10 days. In the number of colonies,the negative group was more than the herb serum groups and positive group significantly( P 0. 05),and the herb serum group showed a dose-dependent,there were significant difference between the four groups( P 0. 05). The apoptotic rate of the negative group,low,medium,high dose group and the positive group respectively were 0. 57 ± 0. 40%,10. 23 ± 1. 46% 、16. 30 ± 0. 96% 、27. 10 ± 1. 22%,45. 80 ± 1. 45%( P 0. 05). In the low,medium and high dose group the expression of P-akt respectively were 0. 81、0. 58、0. 53,while the P-p38 were 1. 04、1. 11、1. 09. Yiqi-chu-tan formula can increase the mRNA expression of p53 and bax and decrease the mRNA expression of bcl-2 and had no influence on the expression of P38. Conclusion: Yi-qi-chu-tan Formula can induce anoikis by reducing P-Akt to regulate the expression of anoikis-related genes in the downstream of PI3K /akt signaling pathway in A549 cell and which presents a dose-dependent.


A discrete‐time algorithm for simple adaptive control, proposed by one of authors, circumvents some drawbacks of the algorithm derived directly from continuous‐time one. However, it leaves steady‐state output error between a controlled plant and a reference model. This paper proposes a modified algorithm, which removes the steady‐state output error. The stability of the algorithm is proved based on asymptotic output tracker theory, instead of command generator tracker theory. Finally, simulation results illustrate satisfactory control performance, that verifies the usefulness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


some well-illustrated children's books. V. has made the stunning material in the Acropolis museum accessible to a wide audience, and Doumas, as an experienced translator, has done justice to the text. The introduction outlines the development of the museum, including some interesting points regarding the foundation of the building and the impact on the immediate environment. Here, the discussion of the visual and physical relationship between the Acropolis and museum is well synthesised. The presentation of the museum begins with the domestic and mortuary material from the houses and graves situated on the slopes, providing a different view of the Acropolis from the more obvious public and religious functions. Additionally, archaeology from the smaller sanctuaries such as that of Dionysus and the Asclepeion is well presented. As one would expect, the majority of the discussion focuses on the buildings of the Periclean programme, which are given full treatment in terms of illustrations, with reconstruction drawings and photographs of the monuments, as well as the associated sculptures. The Parthenon sculptures are described in detail and there is some useful situation of the data in terms of Greek sculpture more generally. The text boxes are helpful additions to the book and they usefully include some focused detail on subjects such as Pericles (p. 64) and the building inscriptions of the Erechtheum (p. 83 & fig. 129) and a section of Plutarch's description of the building works (p. 98). The images of some of the exhibition spaces within the galleries are effective in giving the reader an appreciation of the layout; particularly for the second floor, the archaic gallery (fig. 83), which allows a sense of the rather crowded and busy space that would have been the Archaic acropolis. Photographs of the individual pieces in the museum are excellent with good detailed descriptions (figs 86–7). Reconstruction drawings help to visualise the context, not just in terms of the Acropolis (fig. 128) but for Athens too. The purpose of the book is to present the function and use of the Acropolis through the material in the museum, and in this respect the aim is successfully achieved. The images and interpretation of elements such as the ionic frieze (p. 142–5), the discussion of colour (p. 145) and the short conclusions make this a more challenging approach to the Acropolis material than the average tourist guide. Elements of the presentation, such as the lack of in-text references and occasional flattening of the diachronic periods, make it less of an academic work. While the writing style and breadth of the material makes this volume accessible to tourists, the presentation of the images and the contextualisation makes this book also worth recommending to students of archaeology, classical and museum studies.


130.9 cGy. The TLD chips indicated that the surface dose was higher than these, but it was due to the finite thickness of the TLD chips. In the former case, 95% of the prescribed dose was obtained at a 2.1 mm depth, while the prescribed does was at 2.2 mm in the latter case. The maximum dose was about 110% of the prescribed dose. As the depth became deeper, the dose decreased rapidly. Accordingly, at a 2-cm depth, the dose was 20 % of the prescribed dose. Conclusion : Helical tomotherapy could be a useful application in the treatment of a wide area of the skin with curvature. However, for depths up to 2 mm, the planning system overestimated the superficial dose. For shallower targets, the use of a compensator such as a bolus is required.


The objectives of the research are to find out empirical evidence of the the effect of company size, information asymmetry, and bonus compensation on earnings management. The sample used in this study were 66 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the years 2008 to 2012. Data taken from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) and Financial Statements company. The analysis method of this research using multiple regression. Earning management is measured using discretionary accruals. Company size is measured from the natural logarithm of total asset. Information asymmetry is measured using bid-ask spread. And Bonus compensation is measured using dummy variables, if the company gives bonuses compensation to management is given the value 1 and if not 0. The results of this research show that company size has a significant relationship with earnings management. Information asymmetry doesn't have a significant relationship with earnings management. And bonus compensation doesn't have a significant relationship with earnings management. Keywords: company size, information asymmetry, bonus compensation, earnings management


Dairy herds and milking operations are common in the agricultural com munities. There are about 2,600 milk ing parlors in Kansas and approxi mately 170,000 in the United States. The wastes from these parlors repre sent pollutional material that could have detrimental effects on receiving waters. At present, most of the liquid waste from these parlors is discharged directly to the nearest ditch or receiv ing stream without any benefit of treatment. In an attempt to provide adequate treatment for the wastes from milk ing parlors, a field study was con ducted to (a) determine the charac teristics of the liquid waste from milk


The honeydew excretion and amino acids in the honeydew from the nymph of pear psylla ( Psylla chinensis Yang et Li) were studied. The results indicated the amount of honeydew excretion increased with the age and weight of nymph, with an average of 6303.38μg from a nymph of summer. The amount of honeydew excretion is influenced by the rhythm of day and night and by temperature. The optimum temperature for the honeydew excretion of the nymph is 25℃. The amino acids content of the honeydew is 4.45%. Asp and Glu contents of amino acids, 42.11% and 27.51% respectively, are higher than others. The varieties and contents of amino acids of honeydew are closely related with those of pear leaves parasited by pear psylla.


Objective
To observe the therapeutic effect of apigenin nanoemulsion on fibrosis of the liver in rats, and study the mechanisms.

Methods
Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by CCl4 administration. Ninety SD rats were adaptively fed for 1 week and then randomly divided into 6 groups. Rats in normal group were given olive oil 2 mL/kg by subcutaneous injection; rats in model group were given 25% CCl4 olive oil (2 mL/kg) by the same way. Rats in three treatment groups were given 25% CCl4 olive oil and added apigenin nanoemulsion (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) by intragastric administration each day. Rats in positive control group were given both 25% CCl4 olive oil (2 mL/kg) and silybin (100 mg/kg) . The 25% CCl4 olive oil was given twice weekly (interval of 2 days) for 8 weeks. The hepatic tissue and serum were detected within 24 hours after the last administration, and the effects of apigenin nanoemulsion on the levels of hepatic function indices (ALT and AST) , hepatic fibrosis indices [hyaluronic acid (HA) , laminin (LN) , procollagenⅢ (PC Ⅲ) and Ⅳ collagen (Ⅳ-C) ], malonaldehyde (MDA) , hydroxyproline (Hyp) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) , glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) , transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) , tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and smooth muscle actin-α (α-SMA) were analyzed.

Results
Apigenin nanoemulsion could significantly reduce the levels of ALT, AST, LN, PCⅢ and Ⅳ-C (F= 13.851, 6.877, 5.352, 7.469, 20.874, P all <0.01) . It could increase the activity of SOD and GSH-PX, while reduce the content of Hyp (F=5.470, 20.734, 195.76, P all <0.01) , and reduce the expressions of TIMP-1, TGF-β1 and α-SMA (F=82.281, 72.359, 91.226, P all<0.01) .

Conclusions
Apigenin nanoemulsion reduces CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Its mechanism may relate to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation reaction and the regulation of TGF-β1, TIMP-1 and α-SMA expression.

Key words:
Liver cirrhosis; Apigenin nanoemulsion; TGF-β1; TIMP-1; α-SMA


1 Age‐related changes in noradrenergic neurotransmission in the tail arteries of three rat strains: outbred Wistar (WI/Ico), inbred Wistar (WAG/Rij) and inbred Fischer (F344) have been compared in the present study. 2 The arterial noradrenaline content varied from 5 to 10 ng mg‐1 wet weight amongst young (3 to 6‐month old) representatives of each strain, but did not change with age. As protein content increased in senescent rats (24‐month old) by 30–40%, arterial tissue growth would not appear to receive a concomitant increase in sympathetic growth leading to relative, age‐related, structural sympathectomy in all strains. 3 The vasoconstrictor response to transmural electrical stimulation was diminished in adult and senescent rats of all strains. 4 As far as could be judged from the increase in noradrenaline release following perfusion with the α‐adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine (1 μm), the presynaptic α2‐adrenoceptor‐mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release was intact in old representatives of all strains. 5 With blockade of the two main systems which control noradrenaline release in the rat tail artery, viz, neuronal reuptake with cocaine (4 μm) and presynaptic α2‐adrenoceptors with phentolamine (1 μA), stimulation‐evoked release of noradrenaline was similar at all ages and in all strains. This suggests that in the rat tail artery the basic mechanism of neuronal release of noradrenaline is not functionally modified by aging. 6 We conclude that as sympathetic nerve terminals are apparently intact in all three strains of senescent rats used, the age‐associated deficit of α‐adrenergic control of vascular function is postsynaptic in nature.


The paper analyses the status and function of government during the construction of the system of local innovation from the aspects of the systems connotation,structure and process,then carries out the practical analysis according to the application of the system in Silicon Valley,Wales,Hsinchu and Zhongguan Village,finally the paper presents the revelation that during the course government should function properly.


ABSTRACT – Autonomically mediated cardiovascular responses were evaluated in 15 ALS patients and compared with 15 healthy subjects. The respiratory sinus arrhythmia, the heart rate response to a Valsalva manoeuvre, to isometric handgrip and to a dive reflex test was normal, indicating a normal function of vagal nerves. The heart rate and blood pressure responses during an orthostatic test were normal, indicating a normal function of sympathetic nerves.


PRESTRESSED concrete cylinder pipe was first commercially manufactured in 1942. Since that time over 500 miles of it have been installed, in sizes from 12 to 69 in. and for operating pressures up to 300 psi. In this paper, the derivations of the design formulas used for prestressed concrete pipe are presented and the backload and beam strengths summarized. Methods are introduced for analysis of pipe subjected to combined internal and heavier-than-normal external loads.


Orimulsion-fired power generation conduces to the improvement on energy structure.The high content of sulfur and vanadium in Orimulsion,however,leads to high content of sulfur trioxide in the combustion product and easily generates acidic dew,thus corroding the electrostatic precipitator(EP) in the flue gas system,impacting dust removal efficiency and damaging equipment.The ammonia injection technique on the flue gas duct before the EP inlet has been adopted in Zhanjiang Orimulsion Power Plant.The flows of ammonia storage,evaporation and injection system are illustrated.The design features of the system and the selection of main devices are explained emphatically.


The present paper is the outgrowth of work begun by one of us 1 in 1919 on the effect of the surface tension of the culture medium on bacterial growth. In a series of papers published since then it has been shown that bacteria may be divided into two main groups with respect to their behavior toward surface tension depressants: one group, which is represented by the colontyphoid organisms, grow well in mediums of low surface tension, while the other group, represented by pneumococci, streptococci and the tubercle bacilli, are extremely sensitive to slight lowering of the surface tension of the medium. In fact, members of the latter group are rendered nonpathogenic by exposure for short periods of time to proper surface tension depressants, such as sodium ricinoleate. In attempting to find the most suitable surface tension depressant for biologic work, it was found that sodium ricinoleate served this purpose


Review(s) of: Creativity in Product Innovation, by J. Goldenberg and D. Mazursky (April 2002), Cambridge University Press, Port Melbourne, ISBN 0 521 00249, 224 pages, A$69.95.


Paul viewed the future resurrection of those who are in Christ as something which would come about through the participation of the Christians in the resurrection of Christ. However, the martyrological tradition does not comprise the idea that the martyr's resurrection is a representative event in which others will participate. The resurrection of the martyr is seen as a vindication, a personal reward for his loyalty to God. Two passages in Jewish literature might seem at first sight to offer analogies to Paul's idea, namely, 1 Enoch 49:3 and 2 Apoc. Bar. 30:1. In 1 Enoch the eschatological agent, called the Elect One, is said to have 'the spirit of those who sleep in righteousness'. The chapter concludes that neither the belief in Jesus' own resurrection nor the concept of the eschatological resurrection can have occasioned Paul to extend the idea of the unity between the Christians and Christ.Keywords: Elect One; eschatological resurrection; Jesus' resurrection; Jewish literature; martyrological tradition; Paul


Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a collection of pus lateral to tonsil and is located between the fibrous capsule of the palatine tonsil, usually at its upper pole, and the superior to the pharyngeal constrictor muscle. It frequently occurs as a complication of acute tonsillitis. Bacteriology including clinical characteristics in PTA were evaluated. Subjects and Method:Sixty-one patients with peritonsillar abscess, who visited National Medical Center from January 1997 through August 2001 were entered into the study. Each patient was asked to answer a questionnaire for clinical aspects of PTA. Needle aspirations were performed and pus was drained in all cases. Bacterial susceptibility to ampicillin, cephazoline, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracyclin, and vancomycin was tested on the ioslated bacteria. Results:Among 61 cases, aerobes were isolated in 15 cases (24.6%) and anaerobes in 16 cases (26.2%). There was no significant difference in the culture positive rate of aerobes (p= 0.767) and anaerobes (p=1.0) between antibiotics-medicated patients and nonmedicated patients. Among the cultured organisms, peptostreptococcus was the most common and the second most common was -hemolytic streptococcus. However, -hemolytic streptococcus, an important pathogen considered in the previous study, was detected at 1.6%. Conclusion:Antibiotics medication was not a significant factor in culture positive rate in our study. Peptostreptococcus as an anaerobe and -hemolytic streptococcus as an aerobe were the major causes that contributed to the decreased state of peritonsillar abscess and culture positive rate of -hemolytic streptococcus.


Background: Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is a lethal gynecologic malignancy and the fifth cause of cancer mortality in women in the US. Normal ovarian physiology is intricately connected to tightly regulated small GTP binding proteins of the Ras superfamily (Ras, Rac, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran) which regulate key cellular processes such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell motility, and vesicle transport. These proteins function in a highly coordinated manner through signaling cascades and feedback loops within and among the small GTPase subfamilies. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in small GTPase genes are associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk and aberrant expression of these genes correlates with tumor characteristics including overall survival (OS). Methods: In a discovery set of 7931 EOC cases and 9206 controls we investigated 9,356 SNPs from 112 genes, 657 of which showed associations up to the significance level of p Results: The most significantly associated SNP associations with EOC were: AKAP6 rs1955513, (OR=0.9, p=3.3x10-4) in all invasive; ARGHEF10L rs10788679, (OR=1.05, p=2.6x10-4) in serous; RAB31 rs1166373, (OR=1.25, p=4.0x10-3) in endometrioid; KRAS rs4963872, (OR=1.35, P=4.5x10-4) in mucinous EOC and TNIK rs6780532, (OR=0.88, p=7.7x10-3) in clear cell carcinoma. Increased expression of AKAP6 and TNIK was marginally correlated with advanced EOC stage (p Conclusions: Genetic variation in the small GTPase genes appears to be associated with ovarian cancer risk and aberrant expression of these genes correlates with tumor characteristics and OS. Citation Format: Hui-Yi Lin, Yin Xiong, Jonathan Tyrer, Douglas C. Marchion, Alvaro NA Monteiro, Andrew Berchuck, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Ellen L. Goode, Susan J. Ramus, Simon A. Gayther, Paul DP Pharoah, Steven A. Narod, Thomas A. Sellers, Catherine M. Phelan. Investigation of small GTPase genes in epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B27.


A DV-Xα molecular-orbital calculation was carried out on [Ce(OH2)9]3+. The charge donation of coordinated water molecules results in a net charge of +0·354 on the central tervalent metal ion and an appreciable polarization in the coordinated waters. The coordination bond of the vertex waters is stronger than that of the equatorials. The observed transition moments and energies of the 5d ← 4f excitations as well as the observed ligand-field splitting of 2 D(5d 1) multiplet in the D 3h ligand field of [Ce(OH2)9]3+ were reasonably reproduced by use of the transition-state approximation on the base of DV-Xα molecular-orbital calculation. The model also predicts a contraction of 4f orbital while an expansion of 5d orbital in the cluster. The one-electron energies of 4f, 5d and 6s orbitals as well as the spin-orbit coupling energies in Ce3+ free ion were also calculated by the relativistic DV-Xα method. The relativistic equation reproduces the observed values only for α = 1·0 rather than the traditional value α...


The objective of this research is to identify the personality traits associated with success in exporting by Mexican entrepreneurs in the Guadalajara metropolitan area. The main justification for carrying out this study is Mexico's need to reduce its current dependence on manufacturing exports using foreign investment and increase the exports of Mexican companies. According to this study, there is association between export success and personality traits in successful Mexican exporters. With the spread of these findings, it is expected that both universities and business organizations will consider these results when selecting students for programs related to international venture.


2517Background: BXQ-350 is a novel agent composed of the multifunctional, lysosomal activator protein Saposin C and phosphatidylserine. BXQ-350 demonstrated antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo, ...


Objective To explore the opportunity and way of intraocular lenses(IOL) surgery in traumatic cataract Methods The visual acuity and complications were conpared between the primary(28eyes,groupⅠ) and secondary(35 eyes,groupⅡ) implantation of IOL surgery in traumatic cataract Results Those whose Corrected visual acuity ≥0 3 was 18 eyes(72%) in groupⅠ and 30 eyes(81 6%) in groupⅡ while.Corrected visual acuity ≥1 0 5 eyes(20%) and 8 eyes(21%) respectively Conclusions The primary implantation fitted the cases of non serious trauma and the secondary implantation fitted the children and the cases of serious trauma


Abstract : The Automated Construction Management System has been developed to manage the construction projects of Army Engineer units. It is a full-feature project management system implemented on a multiuser microcomputer. The approach taken to develop the system was to exploit commercially available software programs and hardware to minimize programming requirements and allow researchers to devote their resources to application of the system. This user's manual explains how to use the General Applications Module, the Data Base Management Module, the Network Analysis Module, the Weekly Progress Report Module, and the Reports Generation Module.


Purpose: To advance theory and understanding in financial services marketing in sub-Saharan Africa, this study investigates how banks in Ghana engage their stakeholders in CSR. Design/methodology/approach: Adopts The study an interpretivist approach using a multiple case studies to uncover new insights, including analysis of archival data and semi-structured interviews to uncover new theory in CSR. Findings: This interpretivist study uncovers that financial services providers engage with their stakeholders in CSR in three particular initiatives: giving, community and brand/reputation. Research Limitations/implications: Offers rich new framework of emerging stakeholder engagement in CSR in financial services marketing based on contextual investigation. Originality/value: Extends financial services marketing theory through evidence-based framework illustrating stakeholder engagement with CSR initiatives, specifically, initiatives of giving, community and brand reputation. Social implications: Discovers that banks acquire social capital through their CSR activities in the community.


The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed a grant of summary judgment on July 19, 2018, in favor of defendants in a nearly decade-old case alleging an unlawful conspiracy in the…


We investigate the presence of chaos in a system of two real scalar fields with discrete Z 2 × Z 2 symmetry. The potential that identify the system is defined with a real parameter r and presents distinct features for r > 0 and for r < 0. For static field configurations, the system ntsupports two topological sectors for r > 0, and only one for r < 0. Under the assumption of spatially homogeneous fields, the system exhibts chaotic behavior almost everywhere in parameter space. In particular a more complex dynamics appears for r > 0; in this case chaos can decrease for increasing energy, a fact that is absent for r < 0.


Influenced by a major tax reform in the beginning of the 1990s and by the exceptional boom in the stock market at the end of this decade the level as well as the inequality of the wealth of Swedish households have increased. The large baby-boom cohorts of the 1940s have been successful in accumulating wealth and they also have large claims on the public pension system. The implicit wealth in the form of these claims dominates private wealth in most Swedish households, and in this paper it is argued that private life-cycle savings have been small in Sweden. Most of these savings have been done though the public pension systems. However, concern about the future viability of the pension systems has probably increased private life-cycle savings in the 1990s.


The present invention is, for example PolI and / or with a vector containing a tandem transcription cassette comprising a PolII promoter, provides a composition useful for preparing an influenza virus in the absence of a helper virus.


A method is described which computes, from an observed sample of events, upper limits for the production rate of new particles, or, for the case of an observed excess of events over background, the probability for an upward fluctuation of the background. It is based on weighted event counting depending on a discriminating variable. Candidates may be produced in different reaction channels with different detection efficiencies and different background. Systematic errors with arbitrary correlations are taken into account in the confidence level calculations. In addition, they are are incorporated in the weight definition. Conditions under which the Bayesian and the frequentist treatment of systematic errors give identical results are derived. It is shown that the significance of an observation of a signal is generally overestimated in low statistics experiments. Simple approximate formulae for observed and expected confidence levels are given for the limiting case of high count rates. A special statistical test of a given signal-to-background-ratio using the distributions of the discriminating variable and fixing the total theoretical intensity to the observed number of events, is described.


This essay intents to bring contributions to the debate about the discontents. We choose as an axis of study the economic, sociological, political and filo...


FEM based on the transient temperature field method is used to analyze the temperature field of the Yudongxia Arch Dam during the construction and operation periods,considering factors such as cement hydration,construction schedule,air temperature and water temperature.According to the result of the temperature field,thermal stress conditions of the dam with and without contraction joints are studied.The result shows that by placing necessary contraction joints,tension stress of the dam is greatly released,which will markedly support the dam's anti-cracking ability.


Abstract

Pencak Silat Brotherhood of Setia Hati Winongo, the general picture is the university that combines Pencak Silat martial arts and mind though, researchers are trying to explore more about Brotherhood Setia Hati Winongo, ultimately meet the interests of the university Pencak Silat, that is not of side of his martial art that attracts researchers, but from the kinship system among the followers of Setia Hati Winongo, in the sense of the emergence of kinship ties very closely to maintain the high value of the identity of the Brotherhood, it is because of the existence of an entity that forms a bond that gave birth to a sense brotherhood loyalty to the Brotherhood of Setia Hati Winongo by his followers in a core subject and always adhere to the existing order in the Brotherhood and self-esteem Pencak Silat universities, and eventually the emergence of flavors fanatical followers of the Brotherhood of the Setia Hati Winongo.
The method used in this study is observation and interviews. This study used a qualitative analysis that discusses the relationship Interaction Patterns in Kinship Relations in Brotherhood Setia Hati Pencak Silat Winongo, Manguharjo District, and the City of Madiun.
Researchers eventually learned organizational model adopted by Setia Hati Brotherhood Winongo, researchers also know how kinship and interaction patterns contained in the Setia Hati Brotherhood Winongo in the Winongo Village, Manguharjo District, and the City of Madiun.
This research concluded the existence of an interaction and kinship among his followers, by implication occurs in the early stages of the recruitment of new members to be part of the members of Setia Hati Winongo followers who always instilled to always apply and teach strengthen the bonds of solidarity between followers also uphold the dignity of the brotherhood.


Cutting the target exogenous RNA only when endogenous signal RNA sequences are present, whereby the composition for activating the expression of a polynucleotide of interest only when the endogenous signal RNA sequences are present is provided . By selectively activating the expression of the toxin only in the manufacturing process, and for example, the particular target cell population of the composition, its use in the treatment and diagnosis of various conditions and disorders are provided. .BACKGROUND


Behind its disgusting shape, cow dung has many ingredients that are very beneficial for soil fertility. This service was carried out in Slaharwotan Village, Ngimbang District, Lamongan Regency. In this village, the majority of people raise cattle, but the manure is wasted and not utilized. For this reason, this service aims to provide assistance to the cattle farming community to process wasted cow manure waste into organic fertilizer that can be used for agricultural soil fertility. This service method uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) with planning, implementation, and evaluation steps. Retrieval of community needs data by means of interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Assistance in making organic fertilizer is carried out in a simple way with additional ingredients in the form of EM4 and calcium. This activity is also an additional knowledge for farmers who do not understand how to make organic fertilizer properly. With this mentoring activity, the community knows that cow dung has beneficial value and can immediately practice independently in processing cow dung into organic fertilizer.


Non-Traditional Security is a prominent problem in the course of globalization,and its conception itself has important value since it has gone beyond the meaning of Traditional Security.However,it is in a theoretical dilemma,because the definition of the Non-Traditional Security is too broad.Under this circumstance,the security meanings are obscure and would lead to theoretical faintness,the contradiction between the single security suply for the subject and the plural security demand of the subject which can weaken the capability of upholding security,and also the contradiction between the distribution of resources and the choice of security goals,which can make it difficult for governments to decide on the political agenda.


The use and number of Foreign Field hospitals and Foreign Medical Teams being mobilized after sudden onset disasters in the past decade has increased significantly. Examples include Haiti (2010), China (2008) Pakistan (2005), and Iran (2003). Foreign medical teams do not just work in field hospitals anymore and new trends of how FMTs are engaged need to be taken into consideration. After sudden impact disasters, there is undoubtedly a high need for surgical response. The role of primary care, immediately after a disaster or emergency has sometimes been described as low priority and therefore not needed during the initial response to disasters and emergencies. This oral presentation will review trends in the primary care needs post disaster and the literature around it. Using the Health Resource Availability Mapping System (a model that is derived from the standard health cluster tool and used for collection, collation and analysis of health sector information) and modified to sudden onset disasters, which primary health services when will be reviewed. Discussion and brainstorming encouraged!


The relationship between human population changes and the use of coastal resources in several communities in North Sulawesi, Indonesia is examined using a combination of demographic and econometric analysis. The study area has some of Indonesia's richest marine biodiversity and a number of important coastal resources that support the livelihood of a large number of fishing communities. Following focus groups and pretesting, direct interview surveys were conducted in 1999 with 601 households whose primary occupation was fishing. Demographic analysis reveals that migration is the major driver of human population growth in the area. Econometric analysis is used to explore the effects of migration and other socioeconomic variables on fishing activity in the area. Recommendations for resource managers include greater monitoring of resource impacts of migrants and increased involvement of local communities in the development of regional fishing policies. 1 Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, N.C. 27708 USA, firstname.lastname@example.com. 2 Faculty of Fisheries, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia


The function of rare earth(Re)-La in U71Mn heavy rail steel was investigated by using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),and full-automatic transformation test instrument(Formastor-Digital).The research results show that Re-La in U71Mn steel mainly exists in the form of Re inclusion and Re solid solution,along with the increase of adding amount of Re,Re inclusion and Re solid solution volume increase,and Re solid solution increases more notable.With the increase of Re content,the phase transformation points of the U71Mn steel have different degree on the decline,and the grains are gradually refined.


The invention relates to a BOPET film capable of being directly heat-sealed, which consists of a surface heat-sealing layer, a sandwich layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface heat-sealing layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85 percent of copolyester PETG, and 15 percent of silicon masterbatch; the sandwich layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80 percent of PET light material, and 20 percent of PET regenerated granules, or 85 percent of PET light material, and 15 percent of PET regenerated granules; and the bottom layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 100 percent of anti-adhesive silicon masterbatch. The surface heat-sealing layer of the film has lower melting point; the heat sealing temperature is 130 DEG C or so after the folding; the heat-sealing temperature of the film is equivalent to those (between 120 and 140 DEG C) of heat-sealing layer materials which are commonly used in soft packaging industry such as CPP, PE and the like; main technical indexes have already reached the level of similar products abroad; and the heat-sealing strength of the film is superior to those of BOPET films with the same specification abroad. In addition, the film is applicable for the mass production by the prior three-runner three-layer coextrusion and bidirectional stretching equipment, and has the outstanding advantages of low investment and steady quality.


This issue of Innovative Practice draws together some of the challenges in providing dementia care services in increasingly complex service settings. Although there is a large market research and academic literature on how to collect and evaluate the views of consumers, or people using services, people with dementia are sometimes excluded from this process (Clare & Cox, 2003; Moriarty et al., 2007). In the first article, Shamail Ahmad describes the development of a web-based forum in which people with dementia and their carers were invited to take part in a national audit of dementia care services. The quality of care for people with dementia in acute care settings is a topic that has caused widespread concern among carers and organizations representing the interests of people with dementia and their carers. In the second article, Catherine McPhail and colleagues describe the development and implementation of a dementia education programme for staff working in an acute care hospital setting in Australia. Finally, good quality home care services are seen as an essential way of enabling people with dementia to remain in their own homes. The third article describes the development of a specialist home care service in one city in England. Taken together, the articles highlight the need for services to be developed in conjunction with people with dementia and their carers and for staff to be supported through training in developing the skills they need to provide good quality care.


Abstrat: The heart of the goat is drained by variable number of the cardiac veins. Most of the veins that drain the major part of the cardiac wall including the septum are tributaries of the coronary sinus. Others smaller in caliber are branches from the Vena semicrcumflexa dexter and drain most of the right atrium and right ventricle. Both; the coronary sinus and the right semicircumflex vein discharged their blood directly into the cavity of the right atrium. Most of these veins are accompanied by the similarly named branched of the coronary arteries in their courses and distribution.


The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the road roughness, its influence on riding comfort and to point out possible methods for understanding a correlation between road roughness and the resulting vehicle dynamics. First, statistical measurements of actual road roughness in summer and that in winter are carried out and its effect on riding comfort is discussed in comparison with ISO standard 2631. Based on the measurements, the road roughness characteristics can be represented by road roughness model functions. Second, regression analysis is used to investigate a linear relationship between the road profile elevation spectral density and the equivalent acceleration excitation to a vehichle. In addition, vibration source contribution method is applied to the prediction of the vibratory response of the vehicle from road roughness. As a result, significant results are obtained.


the genus includes 29 valid species. The type species, Mesobuthus eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839), s.str., is restricted to the Caucasus Mts. The identity of scorpions of the genus Mesobuthus that inhabit northwestern Kazakhstan and adjacent ar-eas of Russian Federation (Orenburg Province) is cur-rently unclear. This note focuses on the northernmost known scorpion population of the Palearctic (above 51°N), from the Aituar Steppe in the Orenburg Nature ЛОВА ареала


Abstract In recent years, various I-O psychologists have raised concerns about the state of the field, with some arguing that we are experiencing a collective identity crisis and have lost our way. In this article, I explore why these concerns have emerged by reviewing the development of our field from a philosophy of science perspective. Then I discuss how the concepts of reflection and reflexivity can help us clarify our professional worldviews and find a way forward. I conclude by suggesting ways to incorporate reflection and reflexivity into I-O research and practice. My hope is to spark a conversation about the role that reflection and reflexivity could play in our field.


The integration of large infrastructure with energy-harvesting systems is a growing field with potentially new and important applications. The possibility of energy harvesting from ambient vibratio ...


Background: With the advance of the dental implants, the retention and stability of mandibular complete denture have been improved to a large extent. The implants could be placed interforaminally or in anterior and posterior ridge areas. The placements of the implant in the molar area increase denture support that reflects on improvement in patient mastication and muscles activity. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the distribution of the miniimplants (MIs) on electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles and overall patient satisfaction. Materials and Methods: Ten completely edentulous male patients with severely resorbed mandibular ridge were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group (I and II) according to the MIs and distribution pattern. Group (I): Five patients had received four mini-dental implants in interforaminal area. Group (II): Five patients had received four mini-dental implants (two implants in the interforaminal area and two implants in the molar areas). All patients had received implant overdentures. Overdentures were connected to the MIs with O-ring attachments. For each patient, the EMG activity of masticatory muscles and a survey of therapeutic satisfaction before and after connection to the MIs was evaluated. Results: The MI-retained overdentures of the Group  II in which the implants placed in the interforaminal area and molar areas showed significant lower EMG values than Group I with soft and hard foods as well as clenching. Conclusions: The distribution of MIs plays a role in the muscle activity, and the placement of implants in the molar area improves the muscle activity and patient satisfaction. Clinical Significance: The placement of MIs to retain mandibular complete denture improves muscles activity and patient satisfaction, particularly, if placed in both anterior and molars areas.


Growth of salt-sensitive Plantago media L. and salt-tolerant P. coronopus L. and P. maritima L. was followed under saline conditions. Growth was reduced according to the ecological features of these species: P. media was sensitive to 25 mM NaCl, while P, coronopus and P. maritima could grow in 150 mM and 300 mM NaCl, respectively. The three Plantago species accumulated Na+ in the shoot and maintained a relatively low Na+ level in the root. K+. Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels of both shoots and roots decreased with increasing salinity. The results suggest that the difference between salt-resistant and salt-sensitive species is located in the ion secretory system which is involved in the ion translocation from the root to the shoot rather than in the primary uptake process through the plasmalemma of the cortical cells.


This study analyzed the effects of the volume of married women the volume of marital fertility and the interconnection between the pattern of married women and the pattern of marital fertility on levels and changes in the birthrate in India as a whole and in 10 selected states. The index of the birthrate was measured as the extent to which the birthrate in a given population and a standard population differed from each other. The standard population in this study included the proportion of married women to the total population in the state of Kerala and the age-specific marital fertility rate in the state of Maharashtra in 1971. Overall India required a further 28% decline to attain the birthrate of the standard population. Despite high crude birthrates the analysis suggests that all states except Rajasthan made substantial progress in the 1961-71 period in controlling fertility. The pattern of married women changed in a direction condusive to a lower birthrate in most states but especially in the southern states. The volume of marital fertility was the most important factor in the change in the birthrate in all states. This can be further reduced by increasing the proportion of couples protected by family planning. A favorable age distribution of family planning acceptors also helped to achieve a greater reduction in the birthrate/unit increase in the proportion of couples protected. (summary in FRE)


This paper came up with a new instability extraction method based on neural network combined with possibility feature parameters to extract instability feature which describes the tailing dam dynamic changes.First,on the basis of the possibility processing of data from sensor,we introduced the possibility rate,possibility skewness and possibility kurtosis of the new characteristic parameters,then we extracted feature parameters through researching the sensitivity of feature parameters with the dam risk status changing by neural network method.Experiments prove that the result is more practical and more reasonable to calculate dam stability using instability feature from the new method.


In the pandemic era, public anxiety about illness continues to increase. A person who experiences pain in the spine will feel worried about what he feels. Posyandu is community empowerment that helps improve the health status of the community in their environment. Health Posyandu will usually have cadres who assist in the implementation of service activities. Good health cadres will be able to manage Posyandu by mobilizing the surrounding community to live healthily in order to create optimization in the health sector. However, many health cadres in their services are less able to provide services for posyandu activities. Following are the results of distributing questionnaires on low back pain gymnastics, it was stated that 87 health cadres could not do exercise because they had never received training. Knowledge and low back pain gymnastics skills from the results of the study can reduce the pain felt by a person, therefore community service is carried out to minimize back pain in the elderly. Community service consists of four stages. The first stage is situation analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation monitoring. The population in this study was 17 elderly posyandu cadres. Sampling using total sampling. The results of the evaluation of LBP counseling were 15% pre-extension knowledge and 68% post-extension knowledge. The results of the evaluation of pre-training skills prevention and handling skills were 13% and post-training skills were 65%. The conclusion is that there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of the LBP prevention and handling of elderly posyandu cadres.


The results of chemical analyses of snow samples from five pits and cores drilled in the vicinities of Vostok Station, Antarctica, are presented. High resolution (every 2–3 cm, or about three samples per year) ion measurements allowed to compile a new detailed record of volcanic events for the past 900 years. About 30 low latitude volcanic eruptions were identified In core intervals with high content of nonmarine sulphates and decreased values of acidity during XIII–XX centuries. Global ones analysed in the literature were detected in the cores: Pinatubo (1991), Agung (1963), Krakatau (1883), Tambora (1815), unknown (1809), Gamkonora (1673), Huaynaputina (1600), Kuwae (1453), unknown (1259).


THE UTILIZATION OF AN ELECTRONIC DISTANCE-MEASURING DEVICE FOR HORIZONTAL GROUND CONTROL IN HIGHWAY MAPPING BY PHOTO- GRAMMETRIC METHODS WAS INVESTIGATED. GEODIMETER MEASUREMENTS WERE ESTIMATED TO SAVE 50 TO 70 PERCENT IN BOTH COST AND TIME COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL TAPING METHODS. THE ACCURACY OF GEODIMETER MEASUREMENTS IS REPORTED. RECOMMENDED RECALIBRATION AND FACTORY OVERHAUL INTERVALS ARE GIVEN.


Objectives The electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a non-pharmacological somatic treatment whose effectiveness has been demonstrated for patients suffering from severe and resistant depression (i.e. cases in which patients do not respond adequately to antidepressant treatment). It is estimated that Treatment Resistant Depression occurs in up to 30% to 40% of depressive episodes adequately treated with first-line antidepressant therapy in psychiatric setting. Treatment Resistant Depression results in disproportionate burdens, escalating medical and mental health care costs, clinicians time, and personal suffering. Several studies demonstrated ECT's efficacy in different subgroups, such as patients with bipolar depression, mixed state, psychotic features and suicidal ideation.


There are few discussions about the cordiality of the join of two graphs and researching methods are almost the same.A both necessary and sufficient premise for the statement is given by adding or deleting edges,that the join of two trees is a Cordial graph if and only if neither is odd-degree.


CHEMISTRY
The synthesis of small, fully folded proteins has been advanced by an improved understanding of the factors driving secondary and tertiary structure formation and by combinatorial methods. The current challenge is making small proteins that function.

Chin and Schepartz have devised a


Cardiovascular diseases still occupy a leading position in the mortality rate in advanced countries and are the main cause of disability. The development of information and telecommunication technologies has led to qualitative changes in various spheres of society, including medicine. The concepts of "digital and e-health care", "telemedicine" have come to be widely used in clinical practice. Integration of "telecardiology" as one of the areas of digital healthcare into the clinic will bring apparent benefi ts to both, medical staff and patients.The use of information and telecommunication technologies for the implementation of programs for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cardiac rehabilitation, monitoring of the cardiovascular system indicators, educational programs is relevant, promising and important.


Summary Different prohexadione-Ca (RegalisTM, Pro-Ca) treatments were applied as foliar sprays to 'Royal Gala' and 'Smoothee Golden Delicious' apple trees to asses its effects on different physiological traits, under the growing condition of the Middle Ebro Valley (Spain). The application of Pro-Ca resulted in a decrease in leaf area, as well as fresh and dry leaf weights, and an increase in specific leaf weight. Greater light penetration through the canopy was recorded, indicative of a lower canopy density, resulting both from the inhibition of shoot growth and leaf extension growth. In addition, increases in leaf chlorophyll concentrations, and photosynthetic rates were found, which could account for the lack of effect of Pro-Ca on overall tree growth.


Thyroid nodules are being encountered more and more in clinical practice, occurring in at least 33% of the population. Making a good differential diagnosis between malignant and benign nodules is of utmost importance in clinical management. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a very useful tool for the assessment of thyroid nodules. With the development of the Bethesda Thyroid Cytopathology Reporting System (TBSRTC), some of the leading problems related to the reporting of thyroid FNA samples and communication between clinicians and cytopathologists have been resolved. The TBSRTC categorizes thyroid FNAB reports under six headings, including three indeterminate categories. The TBSRTC has brought molecular testing into use as an ancillary diagnostic tool for the FNAB cytology, allowing unnecessary operations to be avoided. Performing surgery in lowand middle-income countries has the potential to lead to unwarranted damage and interruptions to the healthcare system. Clinical risk evaluation tools and algorithms must be incorporated into the clinical practice to ensure the personalized management of indeterminate thyroid tumors (ITTs). The international guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules and cancers usually cannot be used when healthcare resource are limited. Healthcare resources play an important role in ITT management. Western countries, which have access to more advanced healthcare resources, make faster diagnostic surgery decisions than Asian countries when encountering indeterminate nodules. From an economic perspective, in when faced with limited healthcare resources, surgery should not be considered as a diagnostic procedure for ITTs. In this review we investigate the impact of healthcare resources on the management of ITTs and the cost-effectiveness of the diagnosis and management options of indeterminate nodules in the light of literature data and the challenges faced in their diagnosis and


Summary

C. Lomnitz has shown that creep of rocks under sustained stress increases logarithmically with time. Data for the variation of latitude and seismic waves indicate that for most of the Earth's shell a term in tα, with α about 0.17, is better. This rule is applied in the present paper to the subsidence of a harmonic surface inequality. The indications are that this type of creep will not account for isostatic adjustment within a geological period, and the presumption is that the adjustment is due to fracture or flow near the elastic limit.


Background:Eating disorder was a serious health disorder that was mostly common in the western world. An eating disorder meant that a person had an uncontrolled eating behavior and control needs of ...


The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Homoptera: Aphididae), fed, developed, and reproduced on yellow lupine, Lupinus luteus L. (Fabaceae: Genisteae). No clear preferences for any variety within L. luteus were found. Acyrthosiphon pisum showed negative values of relative growth rate and no aphid completed development on any variety of narrow‐leaf lupine Lupinus angustifolius L. Aphids did not ingest phloem sap while probing on L. angustifolius and the probes were very short. All varieties of L. angustifolius were rejected by aphids during an early stage of probing in peripheral tissues, that is, epidermis or mesophyll. There were qualitative and quantitative differences in alkaloid and soluble sugar content between the two lupine species. Within species, the relative content of individual compounds differed among the varieties. Lupinus angustifolius contained four quinolizidine alkaloids (13‐hydroxylupanine, dehydrolupanine, lupanine, and angustifoline), while L. luteus contained two (lupanine and sparteine). Lupanine occurred in all varieties of both lupine species. The total content of soluble carbohydrates was similar in L. luteus and L. angustifolius. The following cyclitols were found in both lupine species: myo‐inositol, D‐ononitol, and D‐pinitol. Lupinus angustifolius also contained D‐chiro‐inositol. The study of aphid probing behaviour, development, and reproduction demonstrated that L. luteus is a suitable host plant for A. pisum while L. angustifolius is not. It is likely that the rejection of L. angustifolius by A. pisum was caused by chemical factors detected by aphids at the epidermis and mesophyll level.


The paper reviews the optimization process during production of thermoplastic details used in the oil field equipment. The issue of studying the quality of thermoplastic details in the view of technological regimes is considered. The methods of quality improvement of the details operated in the oil field equipment are studied by regulating a great amount of variables, their optimum composition and preparation regimes justified as well.


The goals are objectives of integrated modular avionics (IMA) are discussed. One candidate computing architecture for IMA, the Boeing 777 Airplane Information Management System (AIMS), is presented. The cabinet architecture, fault tolerance characteristics, backplane bus, and functional growth provisions are considered. The integration concepts developed for AIMS represent a first step in real-world application of the IMA technologies.<<ETX>>


In traditional biological nitrogen removal process, nitrification can be divided into two steps, which are performed by two separated bacteria. The sensibilities of the two bacteria to the environment are different. The second step of nitrification is easy to be inhibited, which result in accumulation of nitrite defined as shortcut nitrification. In this paper, two reasons of the nitrite accumulation was classified, correspondingly the chemicals to inhibit the nitrification process can be defined as two kinds. The chemicals which can lead to the inhibitions was sorted in three categories: inorganic nitrogen compounds, toxic materials and disinfectants. After analyzing the current research results, the feasibility of the disinfectants application was focused on. Conclusion was made based on the analysis of safety, dose and dose frequency that is feasible to use disinfectants as selective inhibitors for the shortcut nitrification.


In this paper we propose a statistical methodology to analyze the trends of very high values of tropospheric ozone. The methodology is based on the estimation of percentiles of the distribution of extreme values. The asymptotic distribution of the estimated percentiles is obtained with a normal result. This allows us to use a linear regression to investigate linear and non‐linear trends. To illustrate the proposed methodology we use the information on ozone levels from some monitoring stations in Mexico City during the period from 1986 to 2005. The analysis of the information indicates a decrease in the very high ozone levels in the later years. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper presents the realization scheme of an electronically tunable first-order voltage-mode allpass filter using a single voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA) as an active component, together with one floating capacitor and one grounded resistor as passive components. The proposed circuit is efficient of providing an independent electronic control of the pole frequency (ωo) and the passband gain (HAP) through the transconductance gains of the VDGA. PSPICE simulation results, including frequency response and transient analysis, are incorporated to verify the theoretical analysis.


Purpose To explore the effect of N-Acetylcysteine(NAC) on the anchorage-dependent and independent growth of P185BCR-ABL-transformed cells.Methods Both adherent cell cuture and anchorage-independent cell-growth assay were used.Cell lines include Rat-1 fibroblast,BaF3 and their P185BCR-ABL transformed counterparts.Trypan Blue assay and Alamar blue assay were also used to show the growth condition of living cells.Results NAC did not alter the anchorage-dependent growth of Rat-1 fibroblast and their transformed counterparts when adherent cell cultures were used.In soft agar assay,we found NAC enhanced anchorage-independent growth of Rat-1/P185BCR-ABL cells.When BaF3 and BaF3/P185BCR-ABL were treated by NAC,we only found the positive effect on cell growth of BaF3/P185BCR-ABL but no effect on BaF3 cell.Conclusion NAC could not antagonize BCR-ABL transformation but had positive effects on the anchorage-independent growth of BCR-ABL transformed cells.


The principles and characterisitics of Taguchi method were introduced.The theoritical bases of the parameter design in the method as well as the formulae and classification of signal-noise ratio as the optimization target of the method were explained.Applications of Taguchi method in pharmaceutical science and the related fields were listed.


The use of a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Pi$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-shaped gate structure is proposed for GaN HEMTs, which effectively reduces the hot-electron generation under all regimes of operation, while preserving device performance well into the lower millimeter-wave frequency range. Simulations under dc and large-signal RF conditions of the proposed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Pi$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-gate device, along with the corresponding electron energy distribution functions, were obtained with a full-band cellular Monte Carlo device simulator self-consistently coupled to a harmonic-balance circuit solver and compared with the simulations of a typical Tgate HEMT whose dc curves were calibrated to experimental data. Our results show that the peak hot-carrier generation obtained with an asymmetric-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Pi$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-gate is up to 41%, 44%, and 75% lower at dc and in Class AB mode at 10 GHz and 40 GHz, respectively, as compared with that observed with the comparable Tgate devices. This new gate structure suggests that significantly higher reliability against hot-electron-induced device damage can be achieved with modest impacts on performance.


Reliable evidence of the effects of all types of healthcare interventions exists; the challenge is to help health professionals access, understand and use this information to make more informed decisions about care. Many different interventions to change health professional behaviour have been tried and evaluated, usually in high-income settings, and the results are variable. There are specific physical and human resource constraints that mean strategies to change health professional behaviour designed and tested in North America or Europe might not be applicable or effective in an African setting. This article discusses the challenges of implementing a low cost, interactive educational programme to encourage labour ward staff in a resource-poor setting to change their practice according to evidence-based standards.


Provide an airbag and airbag device, the airbag is partitioned into a bottom side and a distal side, a bottom side of the first expansion than the front end side. Separated by a separator sheet material (70) in the airbag (10) into a bottom-side chamber (17), a bottom-side chamber (17) is the bottom of each of the right airbag section (12) and the left airbag section (14) and the side communicating communicating portion thereof (16) constituted. On the diaphragm material (70) is provided for communicating a bottom-side chamber (17) and the right airbag section (12), the left airbag section (14) of each front end side of the opening (72, 72). The gas from the inflator (56) is first supplied to the bottom-side chamber (17), so that the bottom-side chamber (17) expands and flows into the right airbag section (12) through the opening (72), the left airbag section (14 ) each of the front end side, so that they swell.


Solar cookers or solar ovens are devices that use sunlight as their energy source. These devices are primarily used for heating purposes. A double layer quintuplet solar oven was researched; the objectives were to study performances of the solar oven in harvesting sunlight to reach the highest temperature and heat storage, and to compare theoretical models against actual experimental data. The solar oven was fabricated using glass panels and supported by a trolley for mobility. The solar oven in-field testing was set at 08:00 to 18:00 hours to ensure maximum exposure to daytime direct sunlight, thus maximum heat captured. A temperature sensor (thermocouple) was used to measure the temperature changes inside the oven. A XR440 Pocket Logger was connected to the sensor to record the measured temperature on an hourly basis. The experimental data were then collated and presented in a graphical format to visualize the trend. A numerical analysis based on theoretical modeling was done to compare with the experimental data which was affected by actual weather conditions. The experimental data showed that the maximum temperature captured inside the solar oven was 80°C. In principle, the temperature inside the solar oven will increase proportionately to the increments of the solar radiation from sunlight. This experimental study concluded that the maximum heat gained by this double layer quintuplet solar oven was 80°C or at solar irradiance value of 578.04W/m2. This experimental irradiance value when compared against the irradiance value calculated based on the theoretical model shows a variance of 8.44%. This parametric research study is worth exploring further as a research frontier in alternative sustainable energy in Malaysia. Similar research by other scholars reported that the solar oven will function effectively as a cooking device if the solar irradiance heat generated inside it is more than 800W/m2. With this finding, a further enhancement can be made to the oven design to improve the maximum heat gain.


To the Editor: Neurocysticercosis is recognised globally as a major cause of secondary or acquired epilepsy. In southern Africa, it is said to be a common cause of juvenile epilepsy. The prevalence of cysticercosis in endemic areas of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa (SA) is estimated at 64.6% (Krecek et al. 2008), while that of neurocysticercosis is estimated at 61% (Ocana et al. 2009).


The water conservancy engineering construction is important parts of engineering construction in China,but how to ensure the reduction of ecological system damage while obtaining social benefits ia one important problem.The Nan Sha river comprehensive treatment engineering construction was summarized,and some methods of protecting ecological system were discussed.


Evaluation. There are numerous advantages to the use of the Colleague Swap. Once the revised paper IS submitted to the instructor for evaluation. most organizational and mechanical errors have been eliminated, allowing the Instructor to concentrate on content rather than technical errors Allowing students to rewrite the paper prior to the evaluation by the instructor helps to establish a closer teacherstudent relationship by creating an ~nstructional and cooperative learn~ng environment. Students favorably view the fact that the instructor allows them several opportunities to improve the quality of their papers. Also, students view the swap procedure as a positive learning experrence, both in terms of sharing knowledge as well as learning to criticrze, proofread, and evaluate term papers and projects (Camplese, Note 1) In addition to the curriculum-related advantages of the Colleague Swap, a connection to the outside world can be seen. Rewriting and revising allows the classroom srtuation to become more closely related to events in the outslde world. For example, if you were asked by your employer to wrlte and submit a report. would the employer read the report and glve you an "F" for its unsatisfactory nature. or ask you to shape it up? Furthermore, in conjunctron with the use of the Colleague Swap, some s~mple guidelines can be followed by the instructor to further stimulate improvement in the quality of student writing. The Instructor should attempt to ~ntegrate some degree of writing Into every course whenever and wherever feasible. Also, the instructor should strpulate to students at the beginning of each semester exactly what the expected criterla of student papers will be (e.g , coherence, precision, mechanical correctness, clarity) and delineate the merits of effective writing skills. Flnally, the Instructor should evaluate the "quality" of student wrltlng, keeplng In m~nd to accentuate the positive where possible. Using positive reinforcement, stress praise and reward for positlve student writing qualities instead of punishment for negative qualities (e.g., a drastic reduction in the grade on a paper as a sole result of poor writing). This is an extremely important point in the rat~onale used in teaching students to write effectively. For the instructor, the prlmary disadvantage of the use of the College Swap is most likely to be vlewed as the expenditure of significant amounts of class time, time that could be utilized in lecture andlor discussion on course topics But overall, this disadvantage is overcome by the conversion of the student's traditional pejorative perception of the term paper or project to a positive perception, while actively involving the student in the course content. By lusing the Colleague Swap, the quality of student papers has been shown to improve one grade level. For example, with a sample of 800 educational psychology students, 90% of student papers improved to A and B level, as opposed to 40% at this level prior to the administration of the swap technique (Camplese, Note 1 ) Today, w~th the poor writing skills exhibited by many college students. and undergraduate student publication becomlng a more realistic goal. a procedure such as Colleague Swap, almed at Improving the quality of student writing, is sorely needed and should be greatly \~elcomed!


The work presents a methodology to assess the problems behind static gene expression data modelling and analysis with machine learning techniques. As a case study, transcriptomic data collected during a longitudinal study on the effects of diet on the expression of oxidative phosphorylation genes was used. Data were collected from 60 abdominally overweight men and women after an observation period of eight weeks, whilst they were following three different diets. Real-valued static gene expression data were encoded into spike trains using Gaussian receptive fields for multinomial classification using an evolving spiking neural network (eSNN) model. Results demonstrated that the proposed methodology can be used for predictive modelling of static gene expression data and future works are proposed regarding the application of eSNNs for personalised modelling.


The article is devoted to improving the energy efficiency of mechanized mining by selecting the optimal voltage level at the field substation, which provides the required optimization criterion. An unbranched line extending from the field substation, which supplies an arbitrary number of electrical complexes of producing wells, is considered. It is shown that these complexes can contain both submersible centrifugal pumps and rod borehole pumping units driven by asynchronous motors. Mathematical models of electrical complexes of producing wells are nonlinear and are described by high-order differential equations. Therefore, the problem of finding the optimal voltage level of a field substation can only be solved using numerical methods. An algorithm for calculating the optimal voltage value is developed, taking into account the technological features of mechanized oil production. It is a search algorithm that contains three internal cycles: voltage variations at the asynchronous motor farthest from the field substation, sorting out the nodes of the outgoing line, and equalizing the voltage at the nodes when the load of the electrical complexes of the producing wells changes. Well-known analytical expressions are given for calculating the active, reactive and full load of step-up and step-down transformers used in the considered electrical complexes, as well as power losses on these elements and on air and cable lines. A distinctive feature of the presented algorithm is the calculation of the speed of submersible and ground asynchronous motors when the supply voltage changes, taking into account the mechanical characteristics of centrifugal and plunger pumps. An example of calculating the optimal voltage value of a field substation feeding a hypothetical outgoing line with three nodes is given. It is noted that the developed algorithm is a reflection of the method of choosing the optimal voltage of the field substation. Moreover, this algorithm can be adapted to any outgoing line, no matter how complex and branched it is.


The ubiquity of wireless local area networks (WLANs) is enabling the emergence of a wide range of mobile computing applications. One of the challenges for secure wireless LANs is to enable secure handoff between access points with minimum delays. We propose a scheme for public WLANs that performs authentication using the TESLA (time efficient stream loss-tolerant authentication) broadcast authentication protocol. Our approach generates new keys when needed. Our scheme achieves authentication and the generation of keys simultaneously while the supplicant is in the discovery phase (that is, searching for an AP which is nearest to it) leading to low latency during handoff.


In recent years anthropologists have turned from previous concerns with salvaging the shreds of cultures to a concern with people whose rights to food, home, health, and other basic human necessities are continually threatened.This volume provocatively questions the priorities of much anthropological work and urges the discipline to make a stronger commitment to the study of a world on the move, a world in constant change which must be engaged. The volume demonstrates the theoretical productivity of engagement in contemporary problems, and the importance of addressing these issues if theory is to advance and deal with the constant creativity of human societies.The scholar contributors were selected by the American Anthropological Association to examine transformations and disorders taking place in pre-industrial and industrializing societies with a view to how the discipline might best be able to contribute to the understanding and amelioration of such problems. Individual essays take up questions of development, the media, hunger, health, and appropriate research methods.This volume is, directly and indirectly, a constructive critique of the way anthropology is commonly practiced and of the way anthropologists are still being trained. It is essential reading for all who are concerned with the future of this discipline.Emilio F. Moran is Professor of Anthropology, Indiana University, and Director, Anthropological Center for Training and Research on Global Environmental Change.


Multiple imputation has become an increasingly popular technique for handling missing data in studies ranging from cross-sectional to longitudinal studies and from randomized clinical trials to com...


Cellular operators want to be able to deploy small cells with the same ease as WiFi access points, to quickly address traffic hotspots in dense urban areas. However, deploying small cells has not been easy. The reason is that due to scarcity of licensed spectrum, small cells need to use the same spectrum as the existing macro cells, and they need to explicitly coordinate their spectrum usage with each other to manage interference. The challenge is that this coordination needs to happen with latencies less than a millisecond, otherwise adding small cells does not help scale the overall network capacity. Implementing such tight coordination in dense urban deployments has not been easy in practice. We present QuickC, a wireless transport technology that can simplify small cell deployment. QuickC enables small cells to coordinate with their neighboring macro and small cells with sub-1ms latencies over the operator's licensed spectrum but in a way that the users of this spectrum are negligibly affected. QuickC is designed to be an "add on" to existing cellular networks and does not require any invasive changes to the existing infrastructure or standards. We implement QuickC on a commodity system on chip from Texas Instruments used for building commercial cellular baseband and show that it can consistently deliver latencies less than 0.6 ms between neighboring cells. We also use system-level simulations to evaluate the wide-area impact of deploying QuickC in current networks, and show that it can deliver 5--10 Mbps of bandwidth between neighboring cells while causing less than 1--4% throughput degradation to the existing users of the spectrum.


Luji puts forward the view that beauty of poems comes from emotion.Although he thinks poem come from the fluctuation of emotion,but his poem lack of emotion.There are two reasons for that:The first is metaphysics,the second is Luji's desires for fame that make Luji write a lot of poem lacking of true feeling.


The present invention relates to a process for assembling in a power plant or industrial equipment fitting latch (6) (2) is provided in the connecting pipes (8a, b) a sealing seat on the end portion (26) (24a, b) of , the method comprising the steps of: a) on the fitting member (16) and a housing mounting member (32) is removed from the locking fitting (6) of the housing (10), thereby releasing the housing opening (14) ; b) having a clamping device (40) with the support (56) into the connection pipe or another connection pipe (8a through the housing opening (14), b) and is fixed to the connecting pipe an inner wall (50); c) through the housing opening (14) having a processing machine (58) into the housing (10) and its support (64) support (64) is supported in abutment with the upper (56); D) using a processing machine (58) performs the processing step (B1-4 on a sealing seat (24a, b)); e) the processing machine (58) is released from the mating abutment (56) and by housing opening (14) is removed; F) with another processing machine when required or in the same processing machine (58) repeating steps c) to e ; G) the clamping means (40) is released from the connecting tube (8a, b) and removed through the housing opening (14); h) an upper fitting member (16) and the mounting member (32) disposed in the housing (10). A method of processing means for assembling the sealing seat (24a, b) in the connecting tube (8a, b) an end portion (26) comprises a power plant or industrial equipment in the locking fitting (6) (2) is provided: by a locking fitting (6) of the housing opening (14) into said pipe or another connection (8a, b) the clamping means (40), the clamping means comprises a mating abutment (56) and a connection pipe (8a, b) an inner wall (50) fastening element (47) cooperates; through at least one housing opening (14) into the processing machine housing (58) for sealing seat performing the processing steps (24a, b) (B1-4), wherein the processing machine (58) having a seat (64), the holder can be mounted in the mating abutment (56).


Burning of corpses, most common in, the criminals and heinous crime cases and for the destruction of evidence more corpses are burnt in cremation often for destruction of evidence to obscure the crime scene and buried in boxed or dumped in the river or the graveyard. It's very cost effective reason to hide crime In the process of cremation temperatures about to 870-980 ° C (1,600-1,800 ° F) for 60-80 min or longer, after burning the dead body only leaving severely burnt teeth and some remains of long charred bones. In various criminal and civil cases, there is a requirement of DNA profiling for ascertained identity of the person and also help to solve the paternity-related issues. In the present study, we present autosomal DNA profiling of 12 corpses as the sample (legally known as exhibits) from the crime scene, one of the very sensational cases of state Jharkhand of India. The DNA profiling test performs in state forensic science laboratory Jharkhand. DNA extraction from charred bones, the human nuclear DNA was tested by highly sensitive multiplex PCR and quantified via real-time PCR; gene typing was done using the AmpFISTR Identifier Plus ® kit.


Measuring the benefits of agricultural economics research is an important subject: It is interesting as a research topic in its own right, and, as a practical matter, future funding for our research enterprises depends on buyers who see real benefits. The question is whether agricultural economists have useful enough things to say about the subject to warrant four papers and a discussion using scarce journal space. Somewhat to my surprise, I think the answer is yes. The four papers, despite their many differences in topical coverage, style, and examples used, are at bottom remarkably similar. None of them asserts anything important that any of the others contradict. This is heartening, but only up to a point. Uniformity eliminates some of the intellectual tension that can make a ses-


A new nontoxic spermicidal contraceptive for local use called the C-FILM, developed in Hungary, is a thin, translucent, pliable, water-soluble plastic film, 4 cm square, weighing .15 gm, which can be used either by the female (1 film inserted into vagina up to 3 hours before intercourse) or by the male (1 film placed on moistened glans penis just before intercourse). Clinical trials on 720 fertile volunteers for a total of 6300 cycles resulted in failure rate of 3.4 pregnancies per 100 woman-years (mainly due to irregular use). C-FILM was well accepted by users, causing no interference with sex life and no vaginal complaints. Vaginal mucosa and bacterial flora were unchanged and local irritation did not occur. 10 films cost 15 US cents. It is hoped that the advent of the C-FILM, use of which does not require medical supervision, will increase the popularity of contraception in Hungary and lower the rate of abortion.


Silver-deposited gold electrodes were prepared in order to investigate the role of deposited silver onto a gold electrode in the electrochemical behavior of p-benzoquinone at the electrode. Using the electrodes as a working electrode, the electrochemical behavior of p-benzoquinones was examined in acetonitrile and aqueous solutions. In the acetonitrile solution, cyclic voltammograms for p-benzoquinone derivatives were measured and the relations between the potentials of the second-redox peak and the sum of Hammett's σ value were examined. A potential-pH diagram was obtained for p-bezoquinone in an aqueous solution. Both relations were also obtained at other solid electrodes. The mechanism for a redox reaction at a silver-deposited gold electrode was considered based on a comparison of the observation data at the electrode with different materials.


Techniques were developed and several artificial diets tested for use in rearing 3 species of cereal aphids. A diet was found which supported survival and reproduction of the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) over a 3-week period. The English grain aphid, Macrosiphum avenae (F), and the oat bird-cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), were less successfully sustained on the diet.


System performs wireless transmission to the destination small cell from a source small cell. Channel for the wireless transmission is selected based on the information to be sent. The system determines information attribute of the wireless transmission to the destination small cell from a source small cell. System selects a radio channel from the set of channels based on the information attribute. Source Small cell sends a wireless transmission to the destination small cell on the selected radio channel.


Provided are: a hydrothermal decomposition apparatus that uses an internally-circulating fluidized bed that can be reused by reliably separating and recovering oxygen and hydrogen that have been generated, arbitrarily controlling each of the reaction temperature, reaction speed, reaction time and reaction zone of reactions that simultaneously proceed in the fluidized bed, and recovering reaction heat with high efficiency; and a hydrothermal decomposition method. The hydrothermal decomposition apparatus is provided with: a thermal reduction reactor (3) for carrying out thermal reduction reactions; a hydrothermal decomposition reactor (4) for carrying out hydrothermal decomposition reactions; a dispersion plate (8) for introducing a low oxygen partial pressure gas to the thermal reduction reactor (3), and a dispersion plate (9) for introducing water vapor to the hydrothermal decomposition reactor (4); an outlet (14) for recovering gas containing oxygen generated by the thermal reduction reactor (3); and an outlet (15) for recovering gas containing hydrogen generated by the hydrothermal decomposition reactor (4). The hydrothermal decomposition apparatus is configured in such a manner that a top communication port (6) and a bottom communication port (7), which are formed on a partition plate (5) that partitions the thermal reduction reactor (3) and the hydrothermal decomposition reactor (4), are buried inside the fluidized bed (2), and the fluidized bed (2) is able to directly flow between the thermal reduction reactor (3) and the hydrothermal decomposition reactor (4) through the top communication port (6) and the bottom communication port (7).


The restoration of large structures made of at-sight bricks involves the use of chemical herbicides. It is necessary to check not only their ecological aspects as usually done, but also their influence on bricks. The latter was taken into consideration during the restoration of Ferrara walls, by means of lab tests. A group of samples, properly taken from the walls, were chosen to measure those parameters (chemical, physical, mechanical and colorimetric ones) which are estimated to be the most representative of the possible damage on brick surfaces. Tests showed that the performed treatments are innocuous


9‐cis Retinoic acid is a highly preferred ligand for the nuclear retinoic acid receptor RXR. Although 9‐cis retinoic acid can be formed from all‐trans retinoic acid in vivo and in vitro, the nature of the isomerization process has not been defined. 9‐cis‐Retinoic acid might also be formed biologically from 9‐cis β‐carotene, an isomer of β‐carotene commonly found in foods. We have observed that enzyme preparations of rat liver and intestine convert highly purified 9‐cis β‐carotene (99.8%) to a mixture of 9‐cis, all‐trans, and 13‐cis retinals. Highly purified all‐trans β‐carotene (99.7%) and 13‐cis β‐carotene (99%) are primarily converted to all‐trans retinal. Several aldehyde dehydrogenases in tissues can convert retinal to retinoic acid. Although the rates of cleavage of 9‐cis and 13‐cis β‐carotenes are slower than that of the all‐trans isomer, the oxidative conversion of 9‐cis β‐carotene to 9‐cis and all‐trans retinals is the first identified enzymatic reaction for the formation of 9‐cis retinal in animal tissues.— Nagao, A., Olson, J. A. Enzymatic formation of 9‐cis, 13‐cis, and all‐trans retinals from isomers of β‐carotene. FASEB J. 8: 968‐973; 1994.


Partially coherent beams with prescribed correlation function, phase and state of polarization display many extraordinary properties. In this talk, we present a review of recent progress on generation and propagation of a partially coherent beam.


This chapter provides an introductory explanation of Blockchain technology and how it works, concentrating on its potential for social impact. It describes the history of the development of Blockchain, which is a form of distributed ledger technology.


The utility of Howarth's μ index for differentiating state and trait scales was examined given the various publications on this index since 1978. It is tentatively concluded that the index does differentiate state and trait scales; however, several concerns still need to be addressed. For example, the distribution of μ needs to be determined, along with tests of significance and more examples of the application of the index need to be reported in the open literature.


Fortresses (husun, sing. hisn) in al-Andalus were rural units which crucial for military defense, protection and administration of the surrounding villages, and tax collection from local inhabitants. Some husun were places of permanent residence, while others were fortified constructions for refuge in case of danger. Local people had close ties with a particular fortress which protected them, taxed them and controlled the area. These close ties with a hisn developed a sense of identity, since rural communities were attached to a particular fortress. Rebels in ninth-century al-Andalus controlled fortresses and strengthened the local identities around the husun, as a way to weaken the political unity of al-Andalus and to be able to claim autonomy in particular regions. This essay aims to situate the husun within the context of political, economic and social realities of ninth-century al-Andalus. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: email@example.com Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2011 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.]


In this paper , the research of a reconfigurable hardware platform based on SOC according to the requirements of the hardware design of small satellite house-keeping computer is presented. Some special SOC chips of the platform for satellite house-keeping computer are well developed using electronic design automatic (EDA) technology, which are implemented on CPLD/FPGA. The platform can satisfy the requirement of static and dynamic reconstruction of the hardware of satellite house-keeping computer by using reusable function module and only changing the reconfiguration and job scheduling of reconfigurable hardware between them dispensing with hardware's alter. It can greatly increase the reliability, stability of the small satellite house-keeping computers and can shorten research periods by using the platform.


Abstract Commercially available consumables for submerged arc single wire and ribbon electrode welding were used to develop the technology required for the submerged-arc welding of narrow weld gaps. Taking into account the most suitable welding results and mechanical/technological characteristics achieved, a summary of the process, working and technical requirements necessary for this type of welding, as well as the consumables required, is given.


Seventeen kinds of phytopathogens such as Penicillium italicum,Penicillium digitatum and Botrytis cinerea were used as indicators to explore the antifungal activities of Ramulus cinnamomi by cylind-plate and mycelial growth rates methods,respectively. The results showed that Ramulus cinnamomi had a broader spectrum antifungal activity against the 17 sorts of tested phytopathogens, the inhibition zones against P.italicum and P.digitatum were(32.67 ±0.23)mm and(30.50 ±0.17)mm,respectively. While the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) gainst P.italicum and P.digitatum were 3.125mg/mL and 6.25mg/mL,respectively,and the minimum fungicidal(MFC) concentrations were 6.25mg/mL and 12.5mg/mL,respectively. Meanwhile,the toxicity of indoor test of Ramulus cinnamomi against the other 15 phytopathogens showed that Ramulus cinnamomi extracts had the best antifungal activity on Diaporthe angelicae with the EC50 value of 0.4386mg/mL.The antifungal activities against other tested pathogens with EC50 values ranged from 1 to 22mg/mL.


The heat treatment process and form-changed rule of 20 Cr2Ni 4A steel gear are researched,and the wear state after using was detected.


This paper presents an active state-of-charge (SOC) balancing structure using low power DC-DC converter for electric vehicles (EVs). In this architecture, multiple battery cells or modules are connected in series to provide regulated high power to the load through one single high-power converter. At the same time, several low power converters are connected in parallel with battery cells or modules to achieve active SOC balancing by regulating the duty cycles of each converter without extra balancing circuits. The outputs of all low power converters are connected together to charge another load (such as a 12V battery in EVs). Therefore, no extra energy is wasted during SOC balancing and the balancing speed can be increased compared with the conventional passive balancing method by utilizing resistors. The operational principle of the architecture and test results are provided and discussed all through the paper to verify and validate presented SOC balancing method.


In 1995, the John A. Hartford Foundation launched an initiative to strengthen geriatric interdisciplinary team training (GITT) for advanced practice nursing and masters‐level social work students and residents in internal medicine and family practice. As part of the national evaluation of the initiative, case‐study and cross‐case designs were employed using quantitative and qualitative data to examine the influence of cultures, regulations, and attitudes of individual disciplines on interdisciplinary training efforts at the first eight GITT programs.


Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are a means of collecting information on the effectiveness of care delivered to patients as perceived by the patients themselves. A patient's pain level is a typical parameter only a patient him/herself can describe. It is an important measure for a person?s quality of life. When a patient stays in a Dutch hospital, nursing staff needs to ask a patient for its pain level at least three times a day. Due to their work pressure, this requirement is regularly not met. A social robot available as a bed side companion for a patient during his hospital stay, might be able to ask the patient's pain level regularly. The video shows that this innovation in PROM data acquisition is feasible in older persons.


Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of coralline hydroxyapatite combined with autogeneous bone taken from implantation bed in dental implant. Methods 32 patients(37 implants) were divided into two groups. Group A: Coralline hydroxyapatite was the only graft in the bone defect area in 27 implants (24 patients) , covered with resorbable collagen membrane or titanium membrane; Group B: FRIOSR Trephine was used for the preparation of autogenenous bone pieces. Coralline hydroxyapatite and autogenous bone particles were mixed and placed in the bone defect area in 10 implants (8 patients) ,covered with barrier membrane. Ridge dimensions around the implants were clinically or radiographically measured in stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ operation. Results New bone formation was observed at stage Ⅱ operation performed at 4 ~ 6 months after stage Ⅰ in both groups. Most of the patients showed satisfactory bone regeneration effects. The satisfactory rate of bone regeneration effects in group A and group B was 85. 19% and 100% separately. Conclusion Using bone graft harvested from implantation bed could achieve an effective clinical outcome. It is minimally invasive operation and deserves popularization.


6 Background: Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS), often observed in NSCLC patients, is characterized by decreased body weight, mainly lean body mass (LBM), and is associated with worse morbidity and survival. Anamorelin HCl (ANAM), a novel selective ghrelin receptor agonist with appetite-enhancing and anabolic activity, is in development as a treatment of NSCLC CACS.

METHODS
ROMANA 2 was one of two global, double-blind, Phase III trials assessing ANAM efficacy and safety in NSCLC. Patients with unresectable stage III/IV NSCLC, ECOG 0-2 and cachexia (≥5% weight loss within prior 6 months or BMI <20 kg/m2), were randomized (2:1) to 100 mg ANAM or placebo, given daily orally for 12 weeks. Co-primary endpoints were change from baseline over 12 weeks in LBM (measured by DXA) and in handgrip strength (HGS). Secondary endpoints included change in patient symptoms/concerns regarding anorexia-cachexia and fatigue (via Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Treatment [FAACT] and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue [FACIT-F]). Safety assessments included lab values and adverse events (AEs). This pre-specified analysis focused on ECOG2 patients.

RESULTS
ROMANA 2 (N=495) enrolled 130 ECOG2 patients (N=41 placebo; N=89 ANAM). Subgroup demographics were balanced: median age= 64 yr, male (81.5%), metastatic (74.6%), and prior weight loss >10% (61.5%). In the overall trial, ANAM significantly increased LBM vs placebo (0.75 vs -0.96 kg; p<0.0001) and improved FAACT over 12 weeks (3.48±0.9 vs 1.34±1.0; p=0.0016); change in HGS was not statistically different. In the ECOG2 subgroup, ANAM also significantly increased LBM (0.45 vs -2.66 kg; p=0.0004); there was a trend towards improvement in FAACT and FACIT-F but this was not statistically significant. In the ANAM arm of the ECOG2 subgroup, the most frequent drug-related AE was hyperglycemia (4.5%), with few (1.1%) drug-related Grade ≥ 3 AEs.

CONCLUSIONS
ANAM treatment for 12 weeks was well tolerated. In patients with ECOG2 performance status, which represents a more severe/fragile population, ANAM improved LBM, as well as anorexia-cachexia and fatigue symptoms/concerns in advanced NSCLC cachectic patients.

CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION
NCT01387282.


This article articulates the appeal of different conceptualisations of community to the curriculum writers of Belonging, Being and Becoming: the Early Years Learning Framework for Australia and to the Council of Australian Governments that commissioned the Framework, and the tensions within and between those respective conceptualisations. It then traces shifts in conceptualisations of community and the work done by community across the first publicly released draft and the final version of the Framework. Attributing these shifts, at least in part, to the Rudd government's risk averseness, it concludes that despite the severely contained nature of community in the final version of the Framework, there remains space for what Rose terms 'radical ethico-politics' and for working towards a more socially just society.