The automatic positioning method of malicious mobile nodes in wireless sensor networks is one of the security content of wireless sensor networks, which has the extremely important research significance. In the traditional wireless sensor networks, the location of the malicious mobile nodes needs to be provided support by the regional monitoring of the nodes under attack. The power consumption and cost are greatly limited. Therefore, we proposed a fuzzification malicious mobile node positioning algorithm, which was based on the existing network node positioning function and the MONTE CARLO positioning algorithm. It filtered the periodical information for fuzzy processing, which could still be highly accurate positioning under the asking with smaller communication data. The simulation results show that the proposed method is simple, the interface and port are uniform, and the computing speed and positioning accuracy are improved. Introduction With the development of science technology and network technology, the wireless communication technology and technology in sensor field has achieved rapid development. Wireless sensor technology has changed from single to integrated, networked and intelligent. Wireless sensor network has the wireless communication capabilities, involving with many domains. In the traditional wireless sensor network, the method of obtaining malicious mobile node positioning needs the support of the infrastructure. So the consumption is high, and the system scalability is poor, and the positioning cost is high, which seriously influences and restricts the development space of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, we proposed a fuzzification malicious mobile node positioning algorithm, which was based on the existing network node positioning function and the MONTE CARLO positioning algorithm. It filtered the periodical information for fuzzy processing, which could still be highly accurate positioning under the asking with smaller communication data. The simulation results show that the proposed method is simple, the interface and port are uniform, and the computing speed and positioning accuracy are improved. An overview of malicious mobile node positioning in Wireless Sensor Networks A. Wireless sensor network architecture In wireless sensor networks, the data of each node is huge. These nodes are usually randomly arranged by the manual mode. Wireless connection among all nodes forms a wireless sensor network. These nodes interact with each other and process the data, and finally All information nodes are clustered by the way of multi-hop routing. The detailed construction diagram is shown in figure 1. 1495 5th International Conference on Frontiers of Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology (FMSMT 2017) Advances in Engineering Research (AER), volume 130


To develop and validate simple and precise methods RP – HPLC (Method A) and Dual wavelength method (Method B) for simultaneous estimation of Simvastatin (SIM) and Sitagliptin (SITA) in combined dosage form. Methods used are Method A, the chromatographic separation was achieved by using mobile phase acetonitrile: methanol: water (50:30:20), a C18 column. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate 1 ml /min and the eluents were monitored at 250 nm. Method B, two wavelengths were selected for each drug in such a way that the difference in absorbance is zero for the second drug. At wavelengths 225 and 248 nm SITA has equal absorbance values, therefore, these two wavelengths have been used to determine SIM, on similar basis 254 and 274 nm were selected to determine SITA in the combined formulation. INTRODUCTION: Sitagliptin: SITA is the first of a new class of drugs for the treatment of type two diabetes , chemically it is known as (R) -4-oxo – 4 [3-(triflouromethyl) -5, 6dihydro [1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a]pyrizine – 7 (8H)-yl]-1(2,4,5-trifloro phenyl) butan-2-amine. It reduces blood glucose concentrations by enhancing the effect of incretins. Incretins are harmones (chemicals) which are produced by the (bowel) in response to food. These drugs are therefore also known as incretin enhancers. SITA can be estimated by different analytical and bio-analytical techniques, they are first order derivative 1 , simultaneous estimation 2 , UPLC 3 , Spectrophotometry 4, 5 , bio-analytical 6 , mass spectrometry 7 , spectrofluorimetry 8 . QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(3).1170-75 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(3).1170-75 Simvastatin: SIM belongs to a class of drugs called HMG-coA reductase inhibitors commonly called statins. It is chemically known as (1S, 3R, 7S, 8S, 8aR)-8-{2[(2r, 4r)-4-hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2yl] ethyl}-3, 7-dimethyl-1, 2, 3, 7, 8.8ahexahydronaphthalen-1-yl 2, 2-dimethyl butanoate. All statins act by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl coenzyme A HMG-CoA reductase, the rate limiting enzyme of the HMG-CoA reductase path way, the metabolic path way responsible for the endogenous production of cholesterol mainly used for the treatment of dislipidimia and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases . SIM can be estimated by different analytical techniques, they are RP-HPLC 9-12 , derivative Spectrophotometry 13 , spectrophotometry 14-15 , second order derivative 16 , LC-MS/MS 17 . SIM and SITA can be estimated simultaneously by RP-HPLC 18-20 but this method was fond to be more precise than previous methods.


The BMA has questioned whether revalidation can be introduced at the end of this year as planned, because of lack of readiness among employers and of clarity on key issues such as remediation.

In a letter to the Department of Health the chairman of the BMA's council, Hamish Meldrum, raises several "fundamental" issues that he says bring into question England's readiness to implement revalidation this year.

For example, the government has …


During the past decade, the field of stem cell biology has received increasing amounts of attention from scientists, ethicists, industrialists, politicians and the general public. This recent interest was primarily stimulated by the derivation of human embryonic stem cells in the late 1990s (Thomson, 1998) and the recognition that such cell lines could be used as a potential renewable source of human tissue for therapeutic applications. It is sometimes difficult to encapsulate the speed at which developments in this field have occurred during the last 10 years. These changes are on a global scale and range from debate and creation of government policy, establishment of international centres of excellence in stem cell science, huge levels of investment both in the public and the private sector, and massive recruitment of scientific expertise and training directed toward stem cell science.


The Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake (Kobe earthquake) that occurred on January 17. 1995, caused extensive and severe damages to a large number of buildings in Kobe city area. After the earthquake many steel structures were constructed using frame welded joint of welded construction and welded base. However, the capacity of these weld joints to absorb energy during earthquakes is small. For that reason, it is believed that in the design of steel structures that use welded joints, strong earthquake resistant characteristics must be provided in special for those joints of the steel welded bases. Moreover, these weld joints have little capacity to absorb energy during earthquakes. Therefore, for designing steel structures incorporating welded joints, strong earthquake-resistance characteristics must be specially provided for those joints of steel welded bases. Furthermore, structural monitoring will be necessary. Using simple dynamic measurements and simulations, this report evaluates the resistance and displacement characteristics of fillet welded construction by piezoelectric joint sensors.


Significance Climate change may alter the distribution of biomes in tropical regions with implications for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Here we reveal that if the Amazon region becomes drier as predicted, forests may collapse first on seasonally inundated areas due to their vulnerability to wildfires. The widespread distribution of floodplain forests at the western and central regions implies that fire-prone savannas may expand deep into this massive forest biome, threatening the resilience of the entire system. Our findings suggest the need for a strategic fire management plan to strengthen Amazonian forest resilience in the face of climate change. The massive forests of central Amazonia are often considered relatively resilient against climatic variation, but this view is challenged by the wildfires invoked by recent droughts. The impact of such fires that spread from pervasive sources of ignition may reveal where forests are less likely to persist in a drier future. Here we combine field observations with remotely sensed information for the whole Amazon to show that the annually inundated lowland forests that run through the heart of the system may be trapped relatively easily into a fire-dominated savanna state. This lower forest resilience on floodplains is suggested by patterns of tree cover distribution across the basin, and supported by our field and remote sensing studies showing that floodplain fires have a stronger and longer-lasting impact on forest structure as well as soil fertility. Although floodplains cover only 14% of the Amazon basin, their fires can have substantial cascading effects because forests and peatlands may release large amounts of carbon, and wildfires can spread to adjacent uplands. Floodplains are thus an Achilles' heel of the Amazon system when it comes to the risk of large-scale climate-driven transitions.


The appearance of third charged particles groups has fixed, when the laser radiation interact-ed with metal target in rarefied environ gas. The intensity of optical range laser radiation was  109 W/cm2. The opportunity of using Langmuir probe for diagnosing plasma processes with nanosecond resolution has demonstrated


OF TATHEE DESCLOSURE A process for plugging an earth formation by injecting fluid that forms a plugging material within the formation is improved by injecting an aqueous solution containing both a dissolved salt of a metal that precipitates as a gelatinous, hydrous or hydrated metal oxide or hydroxide at a pH higher than that of the solution and a dissolved material that reacts within the solution and raises the pH of the solution. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to decreasing the permeability of a selected portion of a subterranean earth formation. More particularly, it relates to preferentially decreasing the permeability of the more permeable one of several earth formations that communicate with the borehole of a


Experience in scientific and public forums during the past 15 years has convinced us that the ecological concepts that underlie national park management goals in the United States need clear explanation and wider recognition. This need was underscored recently by the exchange about management of the mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) introduced into the Olympic Mountains (Anunsen & Anunsen 1993; Scheffer 1993a, 1993b). Goats are considered alien species (exotic, nonnative, nonindigenous) by the National Park Service-unwelcome additions to the native fauna of Olympic National Park (National Park Service 1981, 1987). The concern of the National Park Service with alien species may be understood more fully when viewed in the broader context of national park management goals. Therefore, we briefly discuss management of natural areas and trace the evolution of National Park Service policies on introduced species, including their ecological and management implications.


25 Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and metagenomics analyses can improve 26 taxonomic resolution in biodiversity studies. Only recently, these techniques have been 27 applied in aerobiology, to target bacteria, fungi and plants in airborne samples. Here, we 28 present a nine-month aerobiological study applying eDNA metabarcoding in which we 29 analyzed simultaneously airborne diversity and variation of fungi and plants across five 30 locations in North and Central Italy. We correlated species composition with the ecological 31 characteristics of the sites and the seasons. The most abundant taxa among all sites and 32 seasons were the fungal genera Alternaria, Cladosporium, and Epicoccum and the plant 33 genera Brassica, Corylus, Cupressus and Linum, the latter being much more variable among 34 sites. PERMANOVA and indicator species analyses showed that the plant diversity from air 35 samples is significantly correlated with seasons, while that of fungi varied according to the 36 interaction between seasons and sites. The results consolidate the performance of a new 37 eDNA metabarcoding pipeline for the simultaneous amplification and analysis of airborne 38 plant and fungal particles. They also highlight the promising complementarity of this 39 approach with more traditional biomonitoring frameworks and routine reports of air quality 40 provided by environmental agencies. 41 42


Protection of stored agricultural products against insects is carried out with chemical insecticides. They have harmful effects for human being, animal and environment. This research carried out on plant essential oils, which are one of the harmless materials and act like contact-fumigant from offering the prospect for using in stored product. They should have the ability to repel the insects. The objective of the present study was to test the properties of Prunus amygdalus L. and Mentha viridis L. for preventing the penetration of pest insects, including: T. castaneum, S. granaries, S. paniceum and R. dominica, to packaged cereals. As foodstuff was packaged by PE polymer and placed into a container 10 g of wheat and flour. The repellent essential oils used in the interior surface of containers. The releasing of insects carried out around the containers to determinate the insect's penetration percentage with effect of repellents. The highest concentration counted was 1.75 μl of essential oil per 0.5 ml acetone. The results showed that P. amygdalus had the most repellency effect on T. castaneum that cause 78.52% contamination deduction inside the packaged crop in comparing with control. In addition, M. viridis caused the most repellency on S. granarius (63.81%). The results demonstrated the efficacy of these essential oils for using it in organic food protection. They can prevent the infestation of the stored-product pests to the warehouse.


Xantolis Raf., Sylv. Tell., 1838, 36 — Planchonella Pierre, p.p., Not. bot. Sapot., 1890, 34; Dubard, Ann. Mus. col. Mars. 20, 1912, 41; Lam, Ann. Jard. bot. Bzg, ser. 3, 7, 1925, 193; Lam, l.c., ser. 3, 8, 1927, 467 — Sideroxylon L., p.p., Engler, Nat. Pfl. Fam. 4, 1, 1897, 143 and Nachtrag, 1897, 27 — Hormogyne DC, p.p., Prodr. 8, 1844, 176 — Pouteria Aublet sensu Baehni, p.p., Candollea 9, 1942. Trees or shrubs, often spiny. Leaves alternate, estipulate, sometimes with the flowers conferted at the tips of brachyblasts, entire, with a marginal nerve, tertiary nervation transverse or reticulate, sparse, slender. Flowers ♂♀, 5-merous, solitary or clustered, axillary or sometimes along an axillary shoot, bracts small. Calyx with a short tube and mostly lanceolate lobes, marcescent. Corolla lobes longer than the tube. Stamens generally inserted at the base of the lobes, each with two small tufts of ferruginous hairs on either side of the base of the glabrous filaments, rarely only one hair, anthers sagittate, with prolonged connective, dehiscing extrorsely or slightly lateral. Staminodes petaloid, often long aristate, fimbriate-ciliate along the margin, except in X. racemosa (Dub.) van Royen and X. siamensis (Fletcher) van Royen in which the margin is either dentate or entire. Ovary 5-, rarely 4-celled, densely hirsute, disk absent; style long exsert, ovules inserted halfway up or at the base of the cells, funiculus often long. Fruits drupaceous, 1- or 2-seeded, seeds ellipsoid, laterally compressed, testa crustaceous, scar ovate or linear, as long as seed to 2/3 its length, or small and circular, basal, embryo with copious albumen and foliaceous cotyledons, radicle exserted.


This paper first examines the effect of two basic types of investment performance fees, which differ in the method of performance measurement, on the amount and variability of investment advisory compensation. Then this effect is related to the risk borne by fund investors. From this analysis, policy implications for the SEC's regulation of incentive fee plans are drawn, with considerations of equity, resource allocation, and minimization of restrictive rules.


Recently, emotion expression of robots have been considered as a very important factor during communication between robots and human. As ways of emotion expression, there is not only verbal information but also nonverbal information such as facial expressions and body movements. In this paper, we focus on body movement, which is one of way for a robot to express its emotions. We propose an emotions estimation method using random forests and body movement features based on Laban theory.


Knowledge of the mechanical properties of protoplanetary and cometary matter is of key importance to better understand the activity of comets and the early stages of planet formation. The tensile strength determines the required pressure to lift off grains, pebbles and agglomerates from the cometary surface and also describes how much strain a macroscopic body can withstand before material failure occurs. As organic materials are ubiquitous in space, they could have played an important role during the planet formation process. This work provides new data on the tensile strength of five different micro-granular organic materials, namely, humic acid, paraffin, brown coal, charcoal and graphite. These materials are investigated by the so-called Brazilian Disc Test and the resulting tensile strength values are normalised to a standard grain size and volume filling factor. We find that the tensile strength of these materials ranges over four orders of magnitude. Graphite and paraffin possess tensile strengths much higher than silica, whereas coals have very low tensile strength values. This work demonstrates that organic materials are not generally stickier than silicates, or water ice, as often believed.


Summary form only given. In this paper, we discuss the needs and results of an organizational change in an R&D department which has a project based matrix organization, and share the experiences of our reorganization practice. The R&D center had a lean organization, there were only three hierarchical levels. There were two managers reporting to the R&D head. The system manager was responsible for establishing and maintaining the laboratories and personnel infrastructure. The application manager was facilitating and coaching the project teams on determination of project goals and overcoming the problems encountered. Researchers were organized under ten basic engineering disciplines which were determined according to the technological needs of the company. Problems of resource allocation and planning, project monitoring and performance evaluation of researchers and projects were observed. In order to solve these problems new management techniques were introduced and the department was reorganized, project initiation, project management, and performance evaluation processes were re-engineered and roles and responsibilities of the management team were redesigned. Some new organizational roles were defined and some responsibilities delegated to the project leaders and discipline leaders. New mechanisms and tools were developed to empower the employees. The R&D center head and the management team carried out the reorganization.


A heavy luxury bus axle case assembly is composed of an axle case body assembly, an upper plate spring seat, a lower plate spring seat, an oblique thrust rod support and a brake chamber cylinder support assembly. The axle case body assembly is composed of an upper half case body, a lower half case body, a half-axle shaft sleeve, a rear axle case cover, a triangular plate and a reinforcing ring in a welding mode, and the brake chamber cylinder support assembly is fixed on the axle case body assembly in a welding mode. The upper half case body, the lower half case body and the rear axle case cover are formed in a stamping mode by steel plates specially used for an automotive beam. The heavy luxury bus axle case assembly has the advantages of being light in weight, strong in bearing capacity, high in fatigue strength, suitable for being provided with an air spring suspension system in a matching mode, and capable of improving the vehicle vibration reduction performance and comfort of a heavy luxury bus.


In a letter of December 1523 describing his troubles with Julius II in the previous decade, Michelangelo related how the Pope had commissioned him to paint the twelve Apostles in the lunettes of the Sistine Chapel. Soon after starting his design the artist became convinced that the project was off to a bad start. 'I told the pope that if the Apostles alone were put there it seemed to me that it would turn out a poor affair. He asked me why. I said, "because they themselves were poor".'


The wavelet packet decomposition method was used to two common insects song signal. Frequency decomposition and feature extraction were made, the feature vectors, eigenvalues and the sound quality evaluation parameter vectors were constructed, then the correlation analysis calculation were made between the eigenvalues and the sound quality evaluation parameter vectors. The results show that the correlation coefficients are good, the average correlation coefficients of cricket and grasshopper song signals are 0.8875 and 0.6942, the results of cricket is much better than grasshopper, it proved that the proposed algorithm is more suitable for cricket song signals analysis, a new and effective sound quality evaluation method for typical insect with friction sound mechanism is provided.


Abstract We employ direct numerical simulation to investigate the efficiency of diapycnal mixing by shear-induced turbulence in stably stratified free shear layers for flows with bulk Richardson numbers in the range $0. 12\leq R{i}_{0} \leq 0. 2$ and Reynolds number $Re= 6000$ . We show that mixing efficiency depends non-monotonically upon $R{i}_{0} $ , peaking in the range 0.14–0.16, which coincides closely with the range in which both the buoyancy flux and the dissipation rate are maximum. By detailed analyses of the energetics of flow evolution and the underlying dynamics, we show that the existence of high mixing efficiency in the range $0. 14\lt R{i}_{0} \lt 0. 16$ is due to the emergence of a large number of small-scale instabilities which do not exist at lower Richardson numbers and are stabilized at high Richardson numbers. As discussed in Mashayek & Peltier (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 725, 2013, pp. 216–261), the existence of such a well-populated 'zoo' of secondary instabilities at intermediate Richardson numbers and the subsequent high mixing efficiency is realized only if the Reynolds number is higher than a critical value which is generally higher than that achievable in laboratory settings, as well as that which was achieved in the majority of previous numerical studies of shear-induced stratified turbulence. We furthermore show that the primary assumptions upon which the widely employed Osborn (J. Phys. Oceanogr. vol. 10, 1980, pp. 83–89) formula is based, as well as its counterparts and derivatives, which relate buoyancy flux to dissipation rate through a (constant) flux coefficient ( $\Gamma $ ), fail at higher Richardson numbers provided that the Reynolds number is sufficiently high. Specifically, we show that the assumptions of fully developed, stationary, and isotropic turbulence all break down at high Richardson numbers. We show that the breakdown of these assumptions occurs most prominently at Richardson numbers above that corresponding to the maximum mixing efficiency, a fact that highlights the importance of the non-monotonicity of the dependence of mixing efficiency upon Richardson number, which we establish to be characteristic of stratified shear-induced turbulence. At high $R{i}_{0} $ , the lifecycle of the turbulence is composed of a rapidly growing phase followed by a phase of rapid decay. Throughout the lifecycle, there is considerable exchange of energy between the small-scale turbulence and larger coherent structures which survive the various stages of flow evolution. Since shear instability is one of the most prominent mechanisms for turbulent dissipation of energy at scales below hundreds of metres and at various depths of the ocean, our results have important implications for the inference of turbulent diffusivities on the basis of microstructure measurements in the oceanic environment.


Abstract : The overall, long-term objective of this innovative proposal was to develop a clinically translatable strategy to restore the breast mound following mastectomy or lumpectomy such that patient quality of life and outcomes are markedly improved. We hypothesized that a novel composite material consisting of silk fibroin and chitosan will act as a biomimetic scaffold amenable to in vivo adipogenesis. The specific aims (SAs) of this I-year proposal were to (I) develop a rational portfolio of composite materials by combining silk fibroin and chitosan under various fabrication conditions, (2) characterize the materials using defined metrics and select a set of candidate materials based on mechanical and ultrastructural properties, (3) determine in vitro cytocompatibility and preadipocyte seeding parameters of the candidate materials, and (4) determine in vivo applicability of the preadipocyte-seeded candidate materials using a short-term rat subcutaneous pocket assay. All aims have been accomplished within the I-year time frame. Academic outcomes include the current preparation of several manuscripts, several presentations at national/international conferences, and the training of several research interns.


ABSTRACT This paper describes an international partnership that was established for the purpose of setting up the first occupational therapy educational programme in Mozambique. The author is a lecturer at the Escola Superior de Saúde do Alcoitão in Portugal, one of the partners. She was involved in the process of developing and delivering the occupational therapy programme at the Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde, in Mozambique, with the support of the Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique. The case study demonstrates that such international projects should be open to and allow for sharing, taking into account cultural perspectives. It is essential to its sustainability that the local university takes ownership of a new developing education programme.


Generally someone who is said to master English or at least who can communicate is the one who masters in 4 basic skills, namely listening, speaking, reading and writing. While the problems that researchers often encounter in the field are still far beyond the basic things, namely the lack of vocabulary mastery by sports students at Dehasen University, Bengkulu. Therefore, through this study, the researchers intended to motivate sports students to learn English by developing instructional models that suitable to their characteristics. Researchers believe that utilizing this student's love for sports can arouse their enthusiasm in learning so that researchers utilize the website www.goal.com and collaborate with sports lecturers and English lecturer to develop instructional models in the form of existing English teaching materials which are then modified in accordance to characteristics of sports students. The method used in this study is R & D (Research & Development). The results of this study are the existence of instructional model using the website www.goal.com  can increases the vocabulary mastery of sports students and they are become more motivated in learning in the classroom. It can be seen from the average value of the pre-test and post-test.  Keywords: development of instructional models, sports students.


Shortly after his accidental transformation into an ass, Lucius attempts to return to his human form by grabbing some roses decorating a statue of the patron goddess of the quadrupeds, Epona. But his servulus feels outraged at the sacrilegious act. Jumping to his feet in a temper and acting as a faithful defender of the sacred place, he addresses his former human owner as a new 'Catiline' (Apul. Met. 3.27): Quod me pessima scilicet sorte conantem servulus meus, cui semper equi cura mandata fuerat, repente conspiciens indignatus exurgit et: 'quo usque tandem' inquit 'cantherium patiemur istum paulo ante cibariis iumentorum, nunc etiam simulacris deorum infestum? Quin iam ego istum sacrilegum debilem claudumque reddam.' My attempt was frustrated by what seemed to be the worst of luck: my own dear servant, who always had the task of looking after my horse, suddenly saw what was going on, and jumped up in a rage. 'For how long', he cried, 'are we to endure this clapped-out beast? A minute ago his target was the animals' rations, and now he is attacking even the statues of deities! See if I don't maim and lame this sacrilegious brute!'A self-evident instance of parody, the servant's words ironically reformulate one of the most familiar texts of Republican oratory, the famous opening of Cicero's first invective against Catiline, delivered before the assembled senate in the Temple of Jupiter Stator on 8 November 63 b.c.: the substitution of a low and familiar word such as cantherium for Catilinam underpins the comic undertone of the entire passage, imbued with further reminiscences of Cicero. Scholars debate whether the servant's verbal attack against Lucius is a parodic adaptation of Cicero's opening invective or rather a spoof on Catiline's paradoxical reading of Cicero's phrase in Sallust (Sall. Cat. 20.9). It is safer to assume a case of double imitation, not unusual in Apuleius' work.


We consider complex-valued solutions of the n-dimensional Burgers' system, n > 1. We show that there exists an open set in the space of n + 5n − 2/2-parameter families of initial conditions such that for each family from this set there are values of parameters for which the solution develops blow up in finite time.


In this demonstration paper, we present STM: a new system for securing and management of vehicle trajectory data using a generative model that balances privacy and utility. For instance, traditional methods for taxi-demand prediction pose the risk of privacy breaches from both the data and the model. To address this challenge, we deploy Spatiotemporal-GAN to generate synthetic trajectories that meet privacy regulations such as GDPR. We assess the quality of the generated data by constructing several taxi-demand prediction models. Moreover, we evaluate the privacy risk by implementing trajectory user linking attacks against the generated data and membership inference attacks against the prediction model. Our system is designed with rich interactivity and visualization, enabling the audience to use these modules. Overall, our approach demonstrates the potential of generative models in preserving privacy while maintaining data utility in the context of taxi-demand prediction.


Accountability is a key feature of the emerging healthcare system. Through outcomes accreditation, programs in neurodiagnostic technology demonstrate accountability to produce graduates who are prepared to function as competent, entry-level technologists. Students, employers, and the public can use the accreditation status of an educational program as a way to have confidence that the certificate or degree earned upon completion of that program has value. The Standards for learning outcomes and how these outcomes are developed will be described, including a discussion of how programs solicit and use input from a multifaceted community of interest during program assessment. The value of employing neurodiagnostic technologists who graduate from accredited educational programs as it relates to system accountability will be presented.


This paper provides an overview of some trends among problem gamblers seeking help through the BreakEven/Gambler's Help problem gambling counselling services in Victoria, Australia, between July 1995 and June 2000. Data presented are drawn from details collected on clients at registration, assessment, and all other client contacts to form a Problem Gambling Services minimum data set (MDS). Analysis of the MDS shows a number of noteworthy trends towards continuity or change. A major element of continuity is the ability of the service to attract women, who constitute around 50% of the clients for the period. Major changes include the increasing trend towards presentation of clients at an earlier stage in their "career" as problem gamblers. Also identified is persistence or change in client characteristics, such as gender differences in gambling activity and problem type and level. In addition, a range of other factors are explored, such as level of debt and its associated characteristics, the characteristics of people committing crimes to finance their gambling, and the differences between people presenting for counselling and problem gamblers in the community.


[Objective]This study aimed to clone and express formyltransferase( Wbkc) gene from Brucella abortus in E. coli,purify the expressed protein and analyze its immunogenicity. [Method]A gene encoding 27- 35 ku formyltransferase( Wbkc) was amplified from the genomic DNA of Brucella abortus by PCR.The amplified fragments were digested with BamH I and Sal I,and inserted into pET28a vector. The constructed recombinant plasmid pET 28a-Wbkc was transformed into E. coli BL21 and was induced to express the fusion protein. Subsequently,the protein was purified by histidine-binding resin column chromatography,and the immunogenicity was detected by Western blot assay. The recombinant plasmid was identified by colony PCR,double digestion and sequencing analysis.[Result]Wbkc was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli. A specific protein band of 29 ku was detected by SDS-PAGE. Western blot showed specific immunoreactivity of the purified fusion protein. [Conclusion]This study provided a solid foundation for further investigating diagnostic proteins for brucellosis and developing Brucella gene-deletion vaccines.


As an important feature of modern society,contract maintains the interpersonal relationship and the social stability.Contract also characterizes the relationship between the nation and the people.The power of the nation or government is endowed by the people.The law is the confirmation of the contractual relationship.Therefore,government by law is bound to be a limited government,a government of due process and a government of obligation.In order to avoid the impartiality of people's authorization,the judicial review system has to be established.


.................................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................v List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... viii 1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................1 2.0 Methods ...............................................................................................................................5 2.1 Model Setup .................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Calibration and Validation ............................................................................................ 6 2.2.1 Streamflow and Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) Calibration .................................. 6 2.2.2 Dynamic Glacier Model Setup and Calibration ...................................................... 8 2.3 Future Hydrologic Modeling Simulations and Predictions ......................................... 10 3.0 Results ...............................................................................................................................11 3.1 Model Calibration ........................................................................................................ 11 3.1.1 Snow Water Equivalent .......................................................................................... 13 3.1.2 Historic Glacier Extent .......................................................................................... 13 3.1.3 Streamflow Calibration .......................................................................................... 15 3.2 Historic Glacier Melt ................................................................................................... 16 3.3 Hydrologic Modeling throughout the 21 st Century ...................................................... 17 3.3.1 Snow Water Equivalent .......................................................................................... 17 3.3.2 Glacier Recession and Ice-melt Derived Streamflow ............................................ 18 3.3.3. Streamflow ............................................................................................................ 19 4.0 Discussion..........................................................................................................................22 5.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................30 6.0 References .........................................................................................................................32 7.0 Tables ................................................................................................................................39 8.0 Figures ...............................................................................................................................48 9.0 Appendix A. DHSVM Setup ...........................................................................................68 10.0 Appendix B. Glacier Model Setup ................................................................................84 11.0 Appendix C. MACA Downscaling Methodology ........................................................93 12.0 Appendix D. Collaboration and Deliverables to Funding Agencies ..........................95


The codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L.) and oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Busck) have been identified as the cause for rejection of over 3500 loads of fruit from the eastern U.S. destined for fruit processing plants in Adams County, Pennsylvania since 1998. Recently, both OFM and CM have developed resistance to organophosphates and other commonly used insecticides that have been the major tools for control in the past. One new method to control the CM/OFM complex is through the implementation of mating disruption (MD) tactics. These studies focused on the interaction between monitoring trap placement height and MD dispenser placement height within the tree canopy. The efficacy of several new MD technologies was also investigated. The effectiveness of several dispenser densities of the CheckMate® Duel MD technology was also evaluated in commercial apple orchards in Pennsylvania for CM and OFM. The goal of trap placement height versus dispenser placement height study was to understand the effect on moth captures between trap placement height and MD dispenser placement height. Traps were placed at a height of 1.8 m or 4.5 m in the tree canopy within plots that were 3 rows wide X 3 trees long. MD dispensers were placed at 3.2 m within the tree canopy in the MD treated plots while the other plots were treated with only insecticides. Capture of CM adults in monitoring traps was highest in traps placed at 4.5 m in the canopy in both treatment plots with and without MD. OFM adult capture in 2007 was lowest in traps placed at 1.8 m in plots treated with MD dispensers. In 2008, capture of OFM was highest in traps placed at 4.5 m in both MD and no MD treatments.


The thin-walled pressurized torus is an example of a configuration that cannot be treated properly by means of linear membrane theory. Though the stress distributions that result from this theory do not exhibit any irregularities themselves, they lead to deformations which are incompatible with the assumption of a continuous shell. The deformation incompatibilities are such that superficially they would seem to require the introduction of bending and shear stresses. If this suspicion were correct, as has been assumed previously, this would not only invalidate the physical concept of an ideal membrane but it would also lead to a more complicated torus analysis than appears to be warranted by the nature of the problem. Indeed, such an analysis seems never to have been performed. In the present paper the concept of an ideal membrane is revalidated by showing that an adequate nonlinear membrane solution exists. This membrane solution can be derived with relatively little numerical effort. Numerical results are given which demonstrate the required corrections to the results of linear membrane theory. As a side result, a lemma is derived concerning the invariance with respect to Poisson's ratio of certain deformations which arise as thin shells of revolution are pressurized.


This work focuses on the analysis of benefits that can derive from the adoption of Regtech solutions within the banking system, in the belief that the equipment that the technological development makes available to today's financial intermediaries represents both a challenge for survival and an opportunity to develop their own business model. In addressing this issue, on one hand the emphasis is placed on the fact that with Regtech, the technology supporting compliance, banks can more effectively comply with complex and constantly evolving regulatory obligations. On the other hand, with an innovative approach to the issue, we argue that Regtech's technological support contributes to refocus the role of corporate control functions and to improve internal control and risk management system. From this derives the possibility to reinforce the basis of the business model that is sustainable, as it can create wealth over time, ensuring appropriate remuneration for all stakeholders. On these latter concepts, this work provides an incitement for further reflections and for an increasing awareness of all the operators.


This paper deals with appproximating common xed points of two asymptotically nonexpansive mappings through weak and strong convergence of an iterative sequence in a uniformly convex Banach space.


Risk of sterility after contraception by IUD can be caused by IUD failure or by IUD complications. IUD failure includes expulsion, which is not always noted by the wearer, thus often leading to pregnancy. It is imperative to remove the device, when possible, to continue the pregnancy; this would avoid complications, risk of spontaneous abortion, and/or premature delivery. IUD failure can also cause ectopic pregnancy, in which case surgery is essential; unfortunately, 50% of women undergoing this type of surgery become infertile. IUD complications include uterine perforation and pelvic infection. Infections of any kind must be detected and treated as soon as possible to avoid salpingitis or pelviperitonitis, which both very often cause sterility. For these reasons the IUD should not be prescribed to nulliparous women who might desire children later in their life.


WRESTORE (Watershed REstoration using SpatioTemporal Optimization of REsources) (http://wrestore.iupui.edu), is a web-based environmental decision support system where stakeholders collaborate with an interactive optimization algorithm to design user-centric solutions of best management practices on a watershed landscape. WRESTORE utilizes the Soil and Water Assessment Tool hydrologic model for simulating the impact of landscape decisions on watershed processes. The WRESTORE system is one of many systems which interacts with users directly and thus is directly influenced by the quality and quantity of data in user feedback. The user modeling component within the WRESTORE decision support system utilizes neural network approaches, such as deep learning. Working with small data on user modeling is a non-trivial task which is examined in more detail in this study. We believe the originality of our approach centers on integrating user models with limited data in this application-specific interactive design and human-computer collaborative problem-solving approach. This paper thus has three objectives: i) describe the WRESTORE system and how it performs interactive optimization of watershed design, ii) outline current work in user modeling with limited data, and iii) describe our solutions for using and implementing accurate virtual stakeholder models based upon limited training samples.


Intercalation of lithium ions in amorphous tungsten oxide films and in monoclinic polycrystalline tungsten oxide films has been studied using electrochemical analyses and Raman spectroscopy. We present direct evidence for W5+ 5d- electron localization in amorphous tungsten oxide films upon lithium ion and electron intercalation, by comparing the Raman spectra of amorphous and crystalline tungsten oxide films. We observe that when lithium ions and electrons are inserted into the crystalline tungsten oxide films, the monoclinic structure of the material proceeds to progressively increased symmetry. On the other hand, when lithium ions and electrons are inserted into amorphous tungsten oxide films, the inserted electrons are localized in W5+ sites and polarize their surrounding lattice to form small polarons. The extra Raman peaks due to the W5+-O single bonds and W5+equalsO double bonds appear at 330 and 450 cm-1, respectively.


Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging is important to semiconductor-device research; integrating an InGaAs image sensor with hyperspectral microscopy provides data to a level of detail far beyond a simple "multispectral" approach.


Epilepsy following febrile seizures (FS) has been estimated between 2% and 7%. It concerns a prospective study in a large sample of children with a long‐term follow‐up. The aim of this study is to identify the prognostic factors that can lead children with FS to epilepsy.


The Yermasoyia Reservoir is located northeast of the town of Limassol, Cyprus. The basin area of the Yermasoyia River, which feeds the reservoir with water, totals 122.5 km 2 . This study aims to estimate the annual sediment inflow into the Yermasoyia Reservoir from its basin using a mathematical model. The whole model consists of three individual models: a rainfall-runoff model, a physically-based soil erosion model and a sediment transport model for streams. The sediment transport capacity of streamflow, which is incorporated into the sediment transport model, is calculated by the relationships of van Rijn (1984). Monthly rainfall data from three rainfall stations, and data from a meteorological station for four years (1986-1989), were available. The soil erosion estimates are compared with erosion measurement data. Additionally, the estimated values of sediment inflow into the reservoir are compared with values estimated by another model that differs from the present model only in the relationships for sediment transport capacity by streamflow (Yang & Stall, 1976).


As the coronavirus started to spread in Ireland, the epidemiological data became the most sought-a er information in the country. This article will examine the ways in which COVID-19 redefi ned the intimacies of the relationships that health professionals and the members of the public have with medical data. It will focus on Irish examples and explore how the context of the pandemic turned numbers from abstract cognitive tools into important and aff ective tenets of social lives that dictated the moral values and conditions of sociality. It will examine the role of enumeration and metrics in mediating new forms of intimacy with state and society.


In times of deepening the financial crisis, companies are trying to implement an effective anti-crisis policy. The financial system as a source of accumulation of modern crisis phenomena, which continues to spread to all areas of the economy, in general, requires the formation of new tools to ensure their financial and economic security. Continuous increase of riskiness of economic activity can lead to a significant decrease in the level of financial stability and solvency of the enterprise, and in the future lead to bankruptcy, and requires from each economic entity to create a perfect system of financial and economic security. Not all financial and economic indicators that are used, but only those that most closely match the set requirements and reflect the results of financial and economic activity, and, if possible, do not contradict each other, can be used for assessing the financial security situation at specific enterprises. The article analyzes approaches to assessing financial security of an enterprise, identifies their advantages and disadvantages. The results of researches in the field of financial security of enterprises in the context of methods of evaluation of its level are presented. The importance of evaluating the financial and economic condition of the enterprise as the basis of the provision of financial security is investigated. The necessity of estimation of level of financial and economic safety of the enterprises of mechanical engineering is substantiated. The indicators of activity of certain enterprises of mechanical engineering of Zaporizhzhya region are calculated and on the basis of them the state of financial safety of the investigated enterprises is determined. The main methods of raising the level of financial and economic security of mechanical engineering enterprises are offered.


Cracks are the main damages of concrete structures. Since cracks may occur in areas that are difficult to reach, non-contact measurement technology is required to accurately measure the width of cracks. This study presents an innovative computer vision system combining a camera and laser rangefinder to measure crack width from any angle and at a long distance. To solve the problem of pixel distortion caused by non-vertical photographing, geometric transformation formulas that can calculate the unit pixel length of the image captured at any angle are proposed. The complexity of crack edge calculation and the imbalance of data in the image are other problems that affect measurement accuracy, and a combination of the improved U-net convolutional networks algorithm and Canny edge detection method is adopted to accurately extract the cracks. The measurement results on the different concrete wall indicate that the proposed system can measure the crack in a non-vertical position, and the proposed algorithm can extract the crack from different background images. Although the proposed system cannot achieve fully automated measurement, the results also confirm the ability to obtain the crack width accurately and conveniently.


Protein phosphorylation is the most widespread type of post-translational modification and is properly controlled by protein kinases and phosphatases. Regarding the phosphorylation of serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues, relatively few protein Ser/Thr phosphatases control the specific dephosphorylation of numerous substrates, in contrast with Ser/Thr kinases. Recently, protein Ser/Thr phosphatases were reported to have rigid substrate recognition and exert various biological functions. Therefore, identification of targeted proteins by individual protein Ser/Thr phosphatases is crucial to clarify their own biological functions. However, to date, information on the development of methods for identification of the substrates of protein Ser/Thr phosphatases remains scarce. In turn, substrate-trapping mutants are powerful tools to search the individual substrates of protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatases. This review focuses on the development of novel methods for the identification of Ser/Thr phosphatases, especially small C-terminal domain phosphatase 1 (Scp1), using peptide-displayed phage library with AlF4−/BeF3−, and discusses the identification of putative inhibitors.


The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence free variable that affects the brand image and the dependent variable is the location of customer loyalty. This study uses qualitative data analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination. The data processing states that the variable partial brand image has a positive and significant impact on customer loyalty with value 0.000001 probability level 0.05, which means that H 0 is accepted and H 1 rejected. And simultaneously variables brand image and location have a significant and positive effect on customer loyalty variable with a value of 0.000001 probability level < 0.05, which means that H0 is rejected and H 1 accepted. For R 2 obtained a value of 0.55347 or by 55.347%, which means independent variables can influence or explain the dependent variables simultaneously amount at 55.347%, 44.653% and the rest can be explained by other independent variables that are not used in this study.


The stability and high precision of tracking servo system can not be reached at the same time by using traditional monopulse tracking method, so a computer-aided tracking technology is adopted in tracking servo system for this problem. In this paper, the basic principles and detailed realization approach of this technology are presented, then a simulation performed using Matlab Simulink toolbox. The result of simulation shows that using computer-aided tracking technology can improve the tracking precision of tracking servo system greatly without influencing its stability.


Retiming is a technique for optimizing sequential circuits. It repositions the registers in a circuit leaving the combinational cells untouched. The objective of retiming is to find a circuit with the minimum number of registers for a specified clock period. More than ten years have elapsed since Leiserson and Saxe first presented a theoretical formulation to solve this problem for single-clock edge-triggered sequential circuits. Their proposed algorithms have polynomial complexity; however naive implementations of these algorithms exhibit O ( n 3 ) time complexitiy and O ( n 2 ) space complexity when applied to digital circuits with n combinational cells. This renders retiming ineffective for circuits with more than 500 combinational cells. This paper addresses the implementation issues required to exploit the sparsity of circuit graphs to allow min-period retiming and constrained min-area retiming to be applied to circuits with as many as 10,000 combinational cells. We believe this is the first paper to address these issues and the first to report retiming results for large circuits.


The article examines the legal nature of corporate rights of shareholders. Since the advent of the corporate organizations have arisen and a variety of problems associated primarily with the violation of their economic and moral rights. The necessity of effective and fast protection and restoration of violated rights of the shareholders.


Evidence is the important instrument to decide criminal cases and Its began from investigation, prosecution, until court decisions. Evidence is arrange in article 184 and explanation of KUHAP. Police investigating to determine someone be a suspect or unknown through investigation about entanglement according to evidence any goods and the evidence available. In fact many law enforcement officials such as police used power revenue and their authority to quickly resolve the cases with no accordance to the procedure. Therefore to minimize those things law enforcement need supervision as pretrial. Pretrial have authority to judge about legal or failure arrest, detention termination investigation or termination prosecution; compensation and or rehabilitation for criminal cases stopped at the investigation or prosecution. Related to the verdict of South Jakarta District Court number 97/Pid.prap/2017/Pn.Jkt.Sel, judge Cepi Iskandar said that the same evidence cannot be used as evidence in other criminal cases brought many different polemics. Generally judge decide on criminal cases based to article 183 KUHAP and in fact many criminal cases was using the same evidence especially to cases with more than one defendant or participation cases. Judge Cepi Iskandar decision have given uncertainty law in the public, so it needs analysis and further discussion about the evidence and the consideration on that judicial decisions.


Aim: To analyse antibiotic prescriptions in a cohort of extremely low birth weight neonates admitted to Italian level III Neonatal intensive Care Units. Methods: An online questionnaire was used to collect detailed information for each newborn. Antibiotic prescriptions were classified about their license status and compared with British National Formulary for Children (BNFC) and with a practical guide prepared by the Italian Society of Neonatology (ISN). Results: During the study period (May-July 2014) among 93 neonates admitted to 30 Italian Neonatal intensive Care Units, 56 (60%) received at least an antibiotic (92 prescriptions in total). Ampicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin were the antibiotics most commonly used for the prevention/treatment of bacterial infections. 56/92 antibiotic prescriptions (61%) resulted off-label mainly as regards dosing frequency, while 13 prescriptions (14%) regarded antibiotics used in absence of specific indication for newborns (meropenem, imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, clindamycin, clarithromycin). 50/56 neonates (89.3%) received at least one off-label antibiotic prescription. Differences have been observed in dosing regimens between current study and recommendations contained in BNFC, while prescriptions adhered more frequently to ISN indications. Conclusions: Our results confirm the high prevalence of off-label antibiotic use in ELBW neonates and underline a better adherence to indications based on clinical practice.


Editor Thanks to Piccin et al. for their comment on our article on avoiding staged thyroidectomy in cases of initial signal loss1. The authors, however, do not discuss our data or our reasoning, they merely give their opinion. I would have preferred a scientific discussion since this is what it is all about. Our understanding is that our data, the first ever published on the clinical outcome of initial signal loss, support our approach. The authors 'strongly' advise postponing contralateral surgery, but this is based only on a respectable opinion. No hard data have ever been presented on the benefits of such an approach. Guidelines, no matter what they deal with, are fine to summarize the state of the art, but their scientific value is controversial2. They may, in fact, prevent critical thinking and delay, or even block, the burgeoning of new ideas. Piccin et al. insist on the old principle that prevention of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy, 'should be considered the main reason to utilize nerve stimulation'. This is no longer the case, if it were, neuromonitoring would be used to prevent a complication that develops in one to three cases per 1000 patients. It would be pretty inefficient! Neuromonitoring is here to stay for many reasons other than RLN palsies: it has an almost 100 per cent positive predictive value for appropriate postoperative nerve function and is very helpful in the differential diagnosis


The present study was conducted to assess the effects of UV-A and UV-C on some morphological
and physiological parameters of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Plants were grown in a uniform
environment and after 50 days they were exposed to UV-A and UV-C radiation for 15 and 8 days
respectively. Alterations in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, UV absorbing
compounds and protein and carbohydrate contents were measured. UV-C-treated plants showed
a significant decrease in shoot growth, leaf number and shoot fresh and dry weights as well as
leaf protein, leaf carbohydrate, chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoid contents. Also
treatment with UV-A caused a significant reduction in shoot dry weight, protein and chlorophyll
a and total contents. Notably, no significant difference was observed in the root growth, fresh
dry weight and carbohydrate content by UV-R treatment. In addition, UV exposure resulted in a
significant increase of flavonoid and anthocyanin contents.


Full-scale measurements of the buoy motions and mooring-line tensions of a shallow-water, catenary-type oceanographic surface mooring are presented. The data was analyzed by fitting the tension spectra with a one-dimensional, mass-spring-damper model that took into account only heave dynamics. The coefficients of the model were found to be strongly dependent on the geometric shape of the mooring as measured by the mean tension. The mass coefficient increases with tension at a rate slightly less than the ratio of the mass per length of the bottom chain and its weight-in-water per length. The value of the spring coefficient under slack-current conditions was estimated to be about twice the weight-in-water per length of the bottom chain. The value increased by a factor four for the highest recorded mean tensions. The drag coefficient was found to be linearly proportional to the standard deviation of the heave velocity for small sea states. In large sea states, the drag coefficient was proportional to the mean tension but independent of the heave velocity. The values of the drag coefficient were much large than those estimated by summing the profile drag and frictional drag effects of the mooring-line components.


In the traditional power equipment positioning system, to achieve tag positioning, the system needs servers, base stations, and tags. To ensure more stability of the system, it needs to range with four base stations during tag positioning. However, the system will have excessive power consumption, and the time to initiate ranging between multiple tags is random, which will cause serious data distortion. Therefore, to adjust the system with complex power equipment management, this paper proposes a low power label time-sharing location method. First, establishing an ultra-wideband UWB between the BTSs to synchronize the time of each BTS. Then, the tag just ranges with one of the BTSs, and the other BTSs get a receiving time. Finally, the time difference method is used to convert the distance between the tag and all other base stations, to reduce the power consumption of the system. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by an example. This method can effectively solve the problem of multi-label location, which makes the power consumption of label location low and the location will not conflict, and has good engineering practical value.


The article deals with documentary materials of the Zemsky courts which are kept in the Central State Hystorical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. History, purposes, and peculiarities of composing the documents created in the Zemsky courts in Western Ukraine in the 15th – 18th centuries are demonstrated.


Abstract : In respone to the United States President's endorsement of research and development on critical and strategic materials (CSM), the Navy has initiated a program to develop design options for CSM in future weapon and platform systems. Key objectives of the program are: development of a data base, fabrication of materials and components, demonstration of hardware, and establishment of manufacturing process to provide reproducible materials and components. Four materials thrusts art addressed. They are: utilization of domestically abundant materials, development of domestic high temperature materials, evaluation of new materials and alloys, and conservation of critical materials.


This paper illustrated the key technology and recent progresses of finite element analysis in sheet metal forming,meanwhile the finite element analysis calculation to the stamping process of sheet metal is carried out by software ANSYS.On the basis,the feasibility and effect of the key technology of finite element analysis are verified.


The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every field as well as the consumer attitudes and behaviors regarding food safety. This study is a cross-sectional study in a screening model planned to determine the changes that the COVID-19 pandemic has made in the personal judgments, attitudes and behaviors of Bitlis Eren University academic and administrative staff on food safety. In the study, online survey method was used as a data collection tool. As a result of the study, the majority of the participants think that COVID-19 is not transmitted through food and that contamination is prevented by keeping the purchased products from outside such as markets and bazaar for at least eight hours. In the participants (66.1 %), it was observed that the time allocated to personal care and hygiene increased with the COVID-19 pandemic. It was found that the importance given by the participants to food safety, agriculture, personal hygiene and sanitation has increased with the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of the participants reported that with the COVID-19 pandemic, people fear of going without food and the importance of hygiene and sanitation rules in food businesses has increased. It has emerged that the concepts of agriculture, food safety, hygiene and sanitation gained value in the COVID-19 pandemic.


MRI manufacturers invest huge effort into the suppression of eddy currents or at least eliminate their effects. Suppression of eddy currents can be realized by active or passive shielding of gradients coils. Several eddy currents compensation methods have been developed over time. These methods do not suppress eddy currents itself, but only compensate their manifestations. In this study, we showed one of the methods for eddy current compensation together with preliminary results.


Background—Little population-based data exist outside the United States on the epidemiology of binge eating disorder (BED). Cross-national data on BED are presented and compared to bulimia nervosa (BN) based on the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Methods—Community surveys with 24,124 respondents (ages 18+) across 14 mostly uppermiddle and high income countries assessed lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Physical disorders were assessed with a chronic conditions checklist. Results—Country-specific lifetime prevalence estimates are consistently (median; inter-quartile range) higher for BED (1.4%;0.8–1.9%) than BN (0.8%;0.4–1.0%). Median age-of-onset is in the late teens to early 20s for both disorders but slightly younger for BN. Persistence is slightly higher for BN (6.5 years; 2.2–15.4) than BED (4.3 years; 1.0–11.7). Lifetime risk of both disorders is elevated for women and recent cohorts. Retrospective reports suggest that comorbid anxiety, mood, and disruptive behavior disorders predict subsequent onset of BN somewhat more strongly than BED and that BN predicts subsequent comorbid psychiatric disorders somewhat more strongly than does BED. Significant comorbidities with physical conditions are due almost entirely to BN and BED predicting subsequent onset of these conditions, again with BN somewhat stronger than BED. Role impairments are similar for BN and BED. Fewer than half of lifetime BN or BED cases receive treatment. Conclusions—BED represents a public health problem at least equal to BN. Low treatment rates highlight the clinical importance of questioning patients about eating problems even when not included among presenting complaints.


: This article examines certain questions of qualification of the action of organizers and members of a criminal enterprise in the process of application of Article 210 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Such questions include: 1) questions pertaining to qualification by the rules of actual accumulation of crimes; 2) questions pertaining to possession of weapons by the members of the criminal enterprise; 3) questions that pertain to forceful participation in the criminal organization. The object of this research is the norms of criminal law and legal literature on this topic. The author formulates the corresponding rules of qualification for each of the aforementioned situations, which can be used as a certain methodological base in the work of the law enforcement agencies and courts, as well as for future research in the science of criminal law. The author also makes recommendations on possible changes to the current criminal legislation of the Russian Federation.


Electrowinning of zinc from alkaline solutions is a promising technology which can directly produce metallic zinc powder from the treatment of zinc-containing ores and wastes. Fine zinc powder is of great interest in a variety of industries, such as paints, battery electrodes and cementation. This study investigated the effect of Poly (ethylene glycol) (12) tridecyl ether (PTE) on the dendritic growth and the particle size distribution of Zn electrodeposits in alkaline solutions that have similar content as used in industry. The dendritic growth of Zn electrodeposits was studied using current-time technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while the purity was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The particle size distribution was investigated by sieve analysis, laser particle size analyzer and cathodic potentiodynamic polarization, respectively. The results suggest that the presence of PTE can effectively inhibit the dendritic growth of Zn electrodeposits, where small, flat and layer-less dendrites with high Zn purity (99.34 wt.%) were electrodeposited. The data from the sieve analysis shows that 77.16 wt.% of electrodeposits can pass the sieve up to 150 μm in size after the addition of PTE. This was significantly higher than from the additive-free electrolyte (19.21 wt.%). The cathodic polarization curves suggest that, after the addition of PTE, more negative overpotential of Zn electrodeposition was observed, which increased the nucleation rate of Zn nuclei and more fine zinc particles were produced. These results indicate that PTE is an effective additive for the particle size refinement of Zn electrodeposits in alkaline zincate solutions.


During the research and development of a new type of train control system, the trial products continued to fail during the vibration test process and later assembly process. After the circuit location analysis, it is confirmed that the circuit is blocked due to a chip area on the circuit board. This paper mainly analyzes the root cause of circuit blocking and puts forward improvement measures. First, Nondestructive analysis including Appearance inspection, C-mode Scanning Acoustic Microscope (C-SAM), X-Ray and Computed Tomography (CT) was performed on the failure sample, but no abnormality was found. Then, the result of cross section analysis showed that the some solder joints under the chip were cracked, and more closer the corner, more serious for cracking. With the help of scanning electron microscope (SEM), it was suspected that chip side corner solder joints were subjected to large stress and caused cracking. The source of specific stress for solder joint cracking is further analyzed. Shadow moire analysis of ball grid array (BGA) chip and printed circuit board (PCB) showed that both of them had slight warping during reflow soldering process. However, the warping of both parts was small and the direction of warping was the same. It would not cause the huge stress of solder joints cracking during heating or cooling. The random vibration test shows that the overall vibration frequency of the chip is not consistent with that of the control panel, so the stress caused by resonance can also be excluded. Combined with the above analysis, we could get rid of solder joint cracking due to improper design, improper soldering process control or excessive warpage. According to the failure background, it was speculated that the soldering point cracking is mainly caused by the mechanical stress over the tolerance of the solder joints caused by the vibration test, and the anti-vibration protection of the BGA chip was needed. On the premise of not changing the layout of the plate and the selection of the device, the stress caused by the vibration process could be relieved by the integral encapsulation of the components, the filling of the bottom of the chip or the local glue, thus improving the application reliability of the solder joints. Finally, through the comprehensive analysis, it is determined that the four corner glue was used under the chip. The vibration test results of batch products showed that the failure rate was significantly reduced to acceptable level. It was proved that the cracking of the solder joints was mainly caused by mechanical vibration, and the shock absorption effect was obviously played by the spot glue, and the reliability of the practical application stage of the high speed iron could be ensured.


The aim of the following article is to contextualize the intense international debate on Social Economy from the point of view of the relationship between it and the evolution of the welfare states. And so, the first section deals with the review of the main theoretical proposals that have tackled the study regarding the relationship between the third sector and the public sector with the view to establishing the links between the different notions of the third sector (Social Economy and Non‐profit Entities) and the welfare system of which these notions form part. In the second section, we outline the main lines of change that the welfare states are adopting and the resulting rebalance which is generated in each regimen between the third sector and the public sector with a view to fixing the main coordinates at which the new conceptual challenges of Social Economy are presented. The article ends with a section on conclusions and a number of considerations.


The present study was conducted to determine the chromium (VI) removal efficiency from aqueous solution by using agricultural wastes like rice husk and saw dust ash as a homogeneous mixture. The proximate analysis showed that the amount of fixed carbon and ash content of rice husk was greater than saw dust and on the other hand, the moisture content and volatile content of saw dust were higher than that of rice husk. The study was conducted by using batch adsorption experiment and it was done at room temperature (25°C). Amount of chromium (VI) adsorbed under different conditions was evaluated by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The foremost factors which have effect on the adsorption capacity of Cr (VI) like pH and contact time of the solution were also studied. It was found that, removal efficiency was high at certain pH value 2 and adsorption efficiency was dependent on time. The efficiency of chromium (VI) removal was found satisfactory and the percentages were about 92 % and 85 % respectively for two initial concentrations of 50 mg/L and 10 mg/L. Pseudo second order kinetic model was established and the correlation coefficient (R) was also satisfactory for the adsorption of Cr (VI) ions.


Objective To analyze the curative effects of combined surgical resection and interstitial brachytherapy on the recurrent gliomas. Methods The improved Ommaya reserviors were placed into the tumor cavities after the resection of the tumors in 56 patients with recurrent gliomas, who received regular 131I interstitial brachytherapy after the operation. All the patients were followed up for more than one year and were reexamined by enhancement MRI. Results The effective rate 6 months and 1 year after the brachytherapy were 89.3%(50/56) and 75.0%(42/56) respectively. Karnofsky score was significantly improved 6 months after the treatment compared to that before the treatment (P0.05), but 1 year after the treatment it was insignificantly different from that before the treatment (P0.05). Conclusion It is suggested that the surgery combined with interstitial brachytherapy may improve the life quality and the prognosis in the patients with recurrent gliomas.


Present paper gives the content and distribution of trace elements,including.Mn,Ti,Cu,B,Cr,Zn,Mo,Co,Ni,V,Sr,Ba,Pb and Sn,in soil profiles and parent materialsof north-eastern China and eastern Inner Mongolia.Geographical distribution of Cu,Mn,Mo,Zn,B and Co in this region has also been studied.111 soil profiles(360 soil samples)were examined for the above purposes.The average content of total trace elementsin various soil types are given below:Mn 840 ppm,Ti 6,500 ppm,Cu 22 ppm,B 46ppm,Cr 103 ppm,Zn 85 ppm,Mo 2.2 ppm,Co 23 ppm,Ni 51 ppm,V 92 ppm,Sr 270ppm,Ba 570 ppm,Pb 26 ppm,Sn 6 ppm.Among the soil-forming materials of this region,basalts,shales and clay deposits arerich in most trace elements while granites,quartzites and sandy materials have a muchlower amount.The content of trace elements in Loesses varies with their mechanical composition.Brown forest soils,dark brown forest soils,dark gray forest soils,and the browntaiga-forest soils especially those developed from basalts,hold the highest amous of traceelements,far exceeding the average figures in soils of North America and Europe according to Vinogradov's compilation.Accumulations of Mn,Cu,B,Zn,Pb,Co,Ni andother trace elements usually found in the A-horizon rich in humus content.Gleyed forestsoils had low manganese contents in their leached horizons.Eroded forest soils inducedby caltivation are much lower in trace elements in upper soil layers.The paichiang soils developed on clay deposit are high in trace elements.In theirgleyed layer or A_2G horizon,owing to the intensive leaching under a reduced contition,trace elements have been depleted to a considerable degree(sometimes amounts onlyabout 50% of the parent materials).Most of the trace elements in chernozems,black soils and meadow soils are alsoabove the average of Vinogradov's Compilation.In these soil profiles,accumulation ofMn,B,Zn,Cu,Co,Ni and Pb also appear in the surface layer.The humus-rich surface horizon in these soils extends far deeper than in the case of forest soils,but theamount humus content as well as microelements and comparably low in the formersoils.Majority of trace elements of dark chestnut soils,korichnevie soils and saline soilsare about average or below average.But the contents of Sr and B are quite high insaline and dark chestnut soils.In calcareous soils,enrichment of Sr is definitely associated with lime accumulation layer.Accumulation of boron in soil profile follows thedistribution of sodium salts in saline soils.Trace elements in sand dunes and soils developed on sandy parent materials are usually low and they distribute rather uniformlythroughout the profile.Geographical distribution of Co,Ni,Mn,Mo,Cu and Zn of the said region is appended in separated charts in the text.


HE use of herbicides for controlling weeds in the grape row is T becoming resolved in mature vineyards. Oil and DNBP mixtures can be used because of the protective covering of old bark on the trunk (2, 4). Herbicides such as CIPC, monuron and diuron can be used as a band treatment in the row because of the resistance to these chemicals where only a portion of the root zone is treated (1, 3). Most of the above references caution about the use of these materials on young vineyards or transplants. It is of primary importance that weed control be practiced in young vineyards to reduce competition with the young grape plants. It is as laborious and costly to control weeds in young vineyards as in mature vineyards. If herbicides could be used for weed control during the period while the vines are reaching maturity, it would be of economic importance.


As we know that internet has become the most commonly used communication medium these days. Every human being is widely accessing the knowledge and information through the internet. Today the world is running on the basis of internet. However, visually impaired and differently abled people face difficulties in accessing the information and using any service provided through the internet. The advancement in computer based accessible systems has opened up many avenues for the visually impaired and differently abled people. Audio feedback based virtual environment like, the screen readers have helped these people to access internet applications immensely. However, still visually challenged and differently abled people find it very difficult to utilize this technology because of the fact that using them requires visual perception. We describe the Voice Based E-mail System Architecture that can be used by these people to access e-Mails easily and efficiently. This paper aims to develop voice-based email system for visually challenged and differently abled people to use email system as efficiently as normal user. The system will not let the user to make the use of keyboard and mouse instead will work on speech to text conversion and vice-versa. The complete system is based on Text-to-speech and Speech-totext API's and Face Recognition for authentication process. INTRODUCTION Internet has become the most commonly used communication medium these days. Today the world is running on the basis of the internet. Internet has made our lives easier, anything you need is just a click away. Electronic mail i.e. email is the most important part in day to day life. But some of the people in today's world don't know how to make use of internet, some are visually impaired or differently abled or illiterate. So, it goes very difficult to them when to live in this world of internet. Nowadays various technologies like screen readers, TTS, STT, etc., are available but these are not that much efficient for them. We need to enhance our technologies in order to make the use of internet handy for differently abled people. Therefore, we came up with our project as voice-based email system for visually impaired and differently abled people that will help them a lot and also illiterate peoples for sending their mails. The users of this system don't need to remember any basic information about keyboard shortcuts as well as location of the keys. EXISTING SYSTEM The existing system uses mainly three type of technologies like STT (Speech to Text): here whatever we speak will be converted to text, TTS (Text to Speech): this is opposite of STT method, here the text written on the screen will be read by the system and IVR (Interactive Voice Response) IVR is an advanced technology describes the interaction between the user and the system in the way of responding by using keyboard for the respective voice message [1]. Also, mouse click events are used for operations [1][2][3]. When the user visits the site, he/she would first have to register into the website through registration form. User will be very well guided with the help of voice commands, while registering all the necessary fields to be filled will be read by site, by clicking on that box he/she would have to fill in them. For e.g. If cursor moves over register icon it would sound "register button", after clicking on register button it would give a voice notification like "you are on registration page" [1]. After registration, user has to go to login page and type user id & password which will be recognized through database enabling the correct user to get access to his/her account. After successful login the user would read the received mails present in inbox and also can send the mails [1][3]. Also, there will be an icon for logout, which would read as "logout" when mouse goes or rolls over it. So, when the user wants can logout from the system [1]. PROPOSED SYSTEM The proposed system is based on a completely novel idea, here the most important aspect that has been kept in mind while developing the proposed system is accessibility and security. A system is said to be perfectly accessible only if it can be used by all types of peoples whether they are normal, visually impaired or differently abled. In term of security, in previous system, users are required to speak their password [1][3] but in the proposed system, we are using Face Recognition System to authenticate whether it is a valid user or not, also if the face recognition system fails to identify it as a valid user then system will ask user to Login (where user will have to speak their user name and password, which will be first word of user name plus his Id). In term of accessibility, in previous system for visually impaired people, they have to roll the mouse all over the International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 http://www.ijert.org IJERTV8IS070075 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) Published by : www.ijert.org Vol. 8 Issue 07, July-2019


Abstract: Nanotechnology is now applied to many industries, resulting in a wide range of nanomaterial-containing products, such as electronic components, cosmetics, medicines, vehicles, and home appliances. Nanoparticles can be released throughout the life cycle of nanoproducts, including manufacture, consumer use, and disposal, thereby involving workers, consumers, and the environment in potential exposure. However, there is no current consensus on the best sampling method for characterizing manufactured nanoparticle exposure. Therefore, this chapter addresses nanoparticle exposure assessment methods, sampling techniques, and data analysis.


Objective To find out the research situation in the field of drug risk management in China.Methods We searched Chinese journal full-test Database(CNKI database) and Chinese science and technology periodical database(VIP information) using drug risk management as the keyword.We analyzed and inducted the actual drug risk management researches in China as well as reported the distributions of related literature in time,periodical,actor and content.Results and conclusion The drug risk management in China is only beginning to formulate,there are a lot of work about regulations and technical system to be planned and accomplished.


Objective To explore anatomic features of cubital tunnel,and provide reference for the decompression treatment of the cubital tunnel syndrome.Methods 14 formalin-fixed adult elbow specimens were used in this study.11 of them were dissected to reveal anatomic features of the cubital tunnel,other 3 were embedded by celloidin and performed successive horizontal,coronal and sagittal section with the thickness of 1mm,followed by the cubital tunnel reconstruction adopting successive horizontal sectional images.Results The floor of cubital tunnel was formed by the capsule of elbow and all the three bundles of medial collateral ligament(MCL).The roof of this tunnel was composed of cubital tunnel retinaculum or epitrochleo-anconeus(EA) and the fascia between the two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.Epitrochleo-anconeus originated from the medial epicondyle.The upper portion of this muscle inserted to the medial margin of the olecranon through a fascia while the lower 2/3 portion directly to it.A fascial pedicle was identified at the level of the retrocondylar groove.It connected the ulnar nerve to the posterolateral portion of the floor.Conclusions Reasonable excision of EA is efficiently for the ulnar nerve suffered compression by epitrochleo-anconeus.The fascial pedicle has the function to prevent the ulnar nerve from subluxation.


The gold standard for treating keloids really hasn't changed in 20 years. Intralesional cortisone injections are still the best approach.


In the present era, gender equality has become a buzz word and the issue of equality of opportunity to the women in all fields of social and professional life is the need of the hour. Contrary to this, it is a universally accepted fact that militaries are not created to generate employment and hence have nothing to do with gender equality. They are tasked to ensure national defence. They need only the fittest – men or women. In this regard this paper endeavours to explore an important issue of inclusion of women in military. The paper highlights various issues related to entry and service of women in military, especially the combat forces.


This appendix focuses directly on the quadrature modulator (QM) and quadrature demodulator (QD) system blocks. In any real system there are errors in implementing circuitry, and modulators are no exception. Applying a linear, first-order error model to the ideal quadrature modulator equation, it is shown that there are nine error terms that the design engineer must pay attention to. Each of these error terms is examined for its effect on the final output signal. It is shown that, in general, offset errors produce signal leakages, and gain errors produce modulation distortions. Error signals that can be filtered out are identified. Non-filterable leakage and distortion terms that require nulling adjustments are also identified. A similar analysis of the quadrature demodulator shows an additional six first-order error terms. After identifying the ideal values for all fifteen error terms, it is shown that the derived equations all reduce to ideal transmission. Ideal quadrature modulation and demodulation Quadrature modulation is based upon the unique translation between polar and Cartesian (rectangular) coordinates. Any signal which is described by a polar magnitude ( A ) and phase angle (φ) can equivalently be described with rectangular ( x and y ) coordinates.


This paper attempts to present a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of Nelson Mandela's defense speech I am prepared to die, which was delivered in 1964 during his trial in what is often called as Rivonia Trial. More specifically, the paper tries to explore the hidden relations of power and ideologies that have been encoded in Mandela's defense speech. The main research question is: what are the ideological meanings Mandela tries to communicate through his speech, and how are these ideologies conveyed by CDA strategies? The paper draws on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), as discussed in the writings of Fairclough (1989, 2013) and Van Dijk (1993, 2001, 2014). The analysis covers two levels of analysis: the lexical level and the pragmatic level of analysis. Both levels are discussed under the theoretical umbrella of CDA. The paper reveals that Mandela managed, by using specific CDA strategies, to communicate particular ideological meanings that reflect his political stance, as well as his rebellious spirit as the most distinguished revolutionary leader who struggles against racial discrimination in South Africa.


In this research, quality cues are examined on a simple consumer product: coffee. Previous research suggests that consumers use extrinsic & intrinsic cues to estimate perceived quality when they do not have previous experience with the product. A focus group, eye-tracking data, and a questionnaire were used in an attempt to understand where consumers focus on a package when trying to assess product quality. The eye-tracking results showed that consumers fixated primarily on the brand name and coffee blend, and focused only on the country of origin or special features (i.e. fair trade or organic) when it was located near the center of the package, in close proximity to the brand name. Interestingly, price does not seem to be as directly tied to quality as expected. In fact, the survey results showed that the lowest rated brands, in terms of quality, were not the lowest priced.


Terfestatins are a recently discovered class of small molecule natural product containing a ter-phenyl backbone, the center ring of which is decorated with alcohols and a sugar. Terfestatin A, the first such chemical discovered, has auxin signaling activity in plants. Terfestatins B and C, discovered later by the Thorson lab in Streptomyces, have neuroprotective properties. Understanding the biosynthetic pathway involved in synthesizing these molecules may yield insights into novel organic chemistry and improved chemical synthesis preparations, as well as provide avenues for microbialdriven medicinal chemistry toolboxes. One particular step in the synthesis of terfestatins involves dehydration and reduction of polyporic acid to a tri-alcohol, which then serves as the terphestatin backbone. Two enzymes, TerB and TerC, work together to perform this reaction. In this work, we investigate the reaction via biochemistry and x-ray crystallography and propose two possible mechanisms in which either TerB and TerC or TerB alone participate. This work was supported by NIH R01 GM115261 and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001998). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the LS-CAT Sector 21 was supported by the Michigan Economic Development Corporation and the Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor (Grant 085P1000817). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC0206CH11357. The Eiger 16M detector was funded by an NIH–Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, High-End Instrumentation Grant (1 S10 OD012289-01A1).


divers typically exhibit a tendency for grain size to become finer in the downstream direction. Data for a set of large-scale experiments on the aggradation of heterogeneous gravel have recently become available. These experiments show substantial downstream fining over several tens of meters. Here a decoupled numerical Tiodel for bed aggradation and downstream fining is developed in an attempt to test an existing gravel ransport model against the experimental data. Generally good agreement is found between the predictions and he observations in the absence of all but trivial adjustments to the gravel transport model. The same transport elation does not perform as well for a corresponding case of uniform sediment. In all of the experiments the Froude number was close to unity, a condition which would suggest that a decoupled model might break iown. Coupled and decoupled models for uniform sediment are thus compared for a case with Froude number very close to unity. They are also compared for cases in whic...


James A. Garfield sometimes had a flair for the dramatic as a presidential candidate in the campaign of 1880. No presidential contestant had ever openly invited groups of people to visit him at his residence, but that is exactly what Garfield did in the summer of 1880. As the first "front-porch" campaign in American history unfolded, personal friends, unknown wellwishers, and different groups all traveled to Mentor, Ohio, to visit him at his Lawnfield home. The visits ranged from the mundane to the dramatic. On October 1, 1880, the Jubilee Club from Fisk College came to Lawnfield. The group was about to fulfill an obligation in Painesville, Ohio, and decided to stop at the home of Garfield. They gathered in Garfield's living room in what his personal secretary, Joseph Stanley-Brown, later described as a "big living room" that was "well-filled." As Garfield walked by Brown on his way into the room, he said, "My boy! I am going to say a word to them if it kills me." Realizing that there were no reporters to record the potentially dramatic event, Stanley-Brown noted all the events he witnessed into a notebook. Before the group started singing, their leader gave an "effecting speech." Once the group started singing old Negro spirituals, people watching became "increasingly emotional." Stanley-Brown wrote that "Tears were trickling down the cheeks of many of the women, and one staid old man blubbered audibly behind a door." Once they were done, Garfield rose and, "standing at ease besides the fireplace with his hand resting lightly on the mantle," he began talking to the crowd in "low conversational tones" and employed "rhetorical periods," which Southerners in his audience would be able to identify with. According to Stanley-Brown, Garfield said that he un-


Digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) is an successful nondestructive testing technique for the whole displacements. The computational accuracy is a challenging issue. In this paper, a new gradient-based method is proposed, the accuracy of the method is demonstrated via three computed-simulated speckle image pairs. Combining the method with radial basis function interpolation, two experimentally obtained deformation fields are measured.


We report a direct measurement of the hyperfine splitting of the $5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$ state in sodium using a two-step excitation of an atomic beam with two cw tunable dye lasers. The linewidth obtained is 24 MHz and we measure a hyperfine splitting $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\nu}(5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}})=159\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6$ MHz, in good agreement with the theoretical value.


A simple laboratory-scale device for strip lacquering of end seams of sealed food cans to prevent external rusting during storage is described. The device can coat about 1000 cans (A 21/2 size)/h. Storage studies of coated cans proved satisfactory.