El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an opposing natural climate phenomenon in which the El Niño event causes droughts and the La Niña event causes floods. Literature studies stated there is still a lack of studies on the application of remote sensing in studying the effect of ENSO on Urban Heat Island (UHI) distribution patterns. The effect of UHI amplifies temperature, especially during El Niño. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of ENSO on UHI formation in tropical cities on a local scale. This study uses MODIS data and Landsat satellite data from 1988 to 2019. This study uses a combination of both data to investigate the influence of ENSO on UHI formation. The data must undergo pre-processing before the digital number is converted to Land Surface Temperature (LST). This study found that La Niña and El Niño events influenced the pattern of UHI variation. The strength of El Niño and La Niña differences influenced the value of LST and the total UHI area with a temperature of 30 °C. The result discovered that during the El Niño event, the maximum, minimum and mean temperature values of LST were higher than during the La Niña event and the total of the area hot spots that have temperatures above 30 ºC is higher during El Niño than during La Niña. The result of the study is very important to the community, local governments, and urban planners because remote sensing provides spatial information that represents the hot spot and cold spot.


Intestinal epithelium, overlying mucus layer and anti-microbial peptides together form a physico-chemical barrier crucial for homeostasis with the gut microbiota. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are at the frontline of host-microbe interactions in the gut, yet how they modulate barrier function in response to dietary cues is poorly understood. Vitamin A and its key metabolite retinoic acid (RA), are crucial regulators of gut immune homeostasis. In this study, we employ a mouse model that expresses a dominant negative retinoic acid receptor exclusively in IECs (dnRARVillin-Cre) to establish a novel role for RA signaling in regulating the mucus barrier. The absence of RA signaling in colonic epithelium resulted in significant increase in mucus layer thickness indicating that RA regulates goblet cell function. Concomitant with this, we observed that in dnRARVillin-Cre mice there are more goblet cells and an enhanced spatial separation between host and the gut microbiota. Further, we showed that dnRARVillin-Cre mice have a diminished sensitivity to chemically induced colitis in comparison to wild-type mice. Quantitative RNA and protein analysis uncovered that gene transcription and protein activation and secretion of key pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18 was severely impaired in epithelium of dnRARVillin-Cre mice. IL-18 has previously been shown to act as a negative regulator of goblet cell function in the intestinal epithelium. We now show that intestinal epithelium intrinsic RA signaling can modulate IL-18 levels to regulate the mucus barrier. Our results have thus disclosed a novel link between a diet derive metabolite and intestinal epithelial cell function that can be harnessed to modulate mucosal immunity.


With the unceasing expansion of network scale and the increasing number of base station computer room,the energy consumption of air conditioning percent base station operating costs has increased,and general ventilation and energy conservation system with poor security,installation difficulty,filter maintenance short replacement cycle,and so on disadvantages.In order to ensure that the base station operate safety and stablility,in view of the fresh air system existing many questions in the original base station,a new type of intelligent ventilation and energy conservation system for base station is designed in this paper.This system greatly facilitates the operation and maintenance personnel on the base station and computer room management and maintenance,improves the safety factor of the base station and computer room,finding a more optimized solution for indoor air pollution control.


Climate change is affecting the way engineers think about existing water supply infrastructure and the design of future infrastructure. Water supply planning is often based on historic patterns in weather and precipitation. However, changes in the climate may alter these weather patterns, including precipitation in the form of snow. Regions of the world dependent on snow for water supplies are likely to experience changes to the timing and quantity of runoff. Understanding these anticipated changes to future snowpack and resulting snowmelt runoff can influence how water resource engineers approach planning, design, and management of water supplies. Projections in climate change are expected to have varying impacts for different regions of the world, where no two locations are expected to experience the same fluctuations. New Zealand and Colorado are locations selected for technical comparison in this paper to illustrate (1) how different regions of the world are approaching and incorporating the commonality of potential climate change, (2) water supply from snow dominated catchments, 3) the availability of data and resources, and (4) a National Science Foundation-sponsored Eastern Asian and Pacific Study Institute exchange opportunity was undertaken by the first author to conduct research in New Zealand.


OBJECTIVE: To summarize evidence about reduction in voiding and resolution of urine loss in overactive bladder comparing data from the active drug arms with the placebo arms of randomized trials. DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and ClinicalTrials.gov in March 2014. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Multiple reviewers screened original research published in English on community-dwelling women with nonneurogenic overactive bladder undergoing pharmacotherapy with medications available in the United States. Studies in which women comprised less than 75% of the population or those with a sample size less than 50 were excluded. Study designs included randomized controlled trials for meta-analysis and cohorts, case–control, and case series for harms data. Our search identified 50 randomized controlled trials from among 144 candidate publications (one was of good quality, 38 fair, and 11 poor). TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Multiple team members performed data extraction independently with secondary review of data entry to ensure quality and validity. Studies were assessed for risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed using fixed-effects regression models. The primary outcomes and measurements were the numbers of daily voids and urge incontinence episodes. Medications delivered as a daily dose reduced urge incontinence by 1.73 episodes per day (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37–2.09) and voids by 2.06 per day (95% CI 1.66–2.46) from 2.79 (95% CI 0.70–4.88) and 11.28 (95% CI 7.77–14.80) at baseline, respectively. Placebo reduced urge incontinence episodes by 1.06 (95% CI 0.7–1.42) and voids by 1.2 (95% CI 0.72–1.67) per day. No individual agent demonstrated superiority over another. The majority (98%) of studies reporting funding were sponsored by industry. CONCLUSION: Evidence from more than 27,000 women participating in randomized controlled trials suggests that improvement in symptoms with anticholinergic management of overactive bladder is modest and rarely fully resolves symptoms.


In this paper, we will establish the correspondence between the tempered distributions supported on a regular closed set and the space of the solutions of Bloch equations with some conditions on its support.


'Collective intentionality', write Schweikard and Schmid in their recent Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy review of the topic, 'is the power of minds to be jointly directed at objects, matters of fact, states of aff airs, goals, or values" (Schweikard and Schmid 2013). As Schweikard and Schmid's broader overview indicates, and as refl ected in the current volume, collective intentionality has been primarily deployed in recent discussions of human cognition and sociality. In particular, over the past 20 years, collective intentionality has been used to explore putatively distinct forms of human cooperation and confl ict, the role of institutions in human social life, and even the broader nature of social reality itself (Gilbert 1996; Searle 1995; Tomasello 1999; Tuomela 2007). Whatever else it may be, collective intentionality has come to be conceived as some kind of crowning achievement of our species, and perhaps of our closest ancestors and living relatives, a sort of keystone accomplishment that brings in its wake new forms of sociality. Collective intentionality builds on and utilizes forms of individual cognition that are themselves distinctively human, whether they be metacognitive, modular, or general purpose. In that context, questions about how collective intentionality both develops ontogenetically and evolved phylogenetically are important, albeit secondary. Th ey are questions about how individuals move, or the species moved, from a state without collective intentionality to a state with collective intentionality. Two recent publications on collective intentionality from infl uential researchers exemplify this perspective on collective intentionality. In his Making the Social World: Th e Structure of Human Civilization (2010), John Searle emphasizes the importance that collective intentionality plays in human sociality through its role in creating institutional reality , elaborating on a view Searle fi rst articulated at length in his Constructing the Social World , where he had noted that he used "social facts" and "collective intentional facts" so as to be coextensive (Searle 1995: 122). Collective Intentionality in Non-Human Animals


Rest‐activity rhythm disruption is a prominent clinical feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The origin of the altered rest‐activity rhythm is believed to be degeneration of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). In accordance with the 'use it or lose it' hypothesis of Swaab [Neurobiol Aging 1991, 12: 317–324] stimulation of the SCN may prevent age‐related loss of neurons and might reactivate nerve cells that are inactive but not lost. Previous studies with relatively small sample sizes have demonstrated positive effects of peripheral electrical nerve stimulation on the rest‐activity rhythm in AD patients. The present randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study was meant to replicate prior findings of electrical stimulation in AD in a substantially larger group of AD patients. The experimental group (n = 31) received peripheral electrical nerve stimulation and the placebo group (n = 31) received sham stimulation. Effects of the intervention on the rest‐activity rhythm were assessed by using wrist‐worn actigraphs. Near‐significant findings on the rest‐activity rhythm partially support the hypothesis that neuronal stimulation enhances the rest‐activity rhythm in AD patients. Interestingly, post‐hoc analyses revealed significant treatment effects in a group of patients who were not using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors concomitantly. We conclude that more research is needed before firm general conclusions about the effectiveness of electrical stimulation as a symptomatic treatment in AD can be drawn. In addition, the present post‐hoc findings indicate that future studies on non‐pharmacological interventions should take medication use into account.


Some simple and quick non-destructive methods were used to measure and describe the growth of a cucumber fruit. The most accurate estimate of the fresh weight of the fruit was its volume. Measurement of fruit length and circumference, however, provided a quicker and simpler estimation of fresh weight with a high degree of accuracy. The dry-matter percentage of a fruit could be estimated by a regression model with temperature sum, temperature and fruit size as input variables. Initially the dry-matter percentage decreased rapidly during fruit development; this decrease then slowed down and finally there was a slight increase in dry-matter percentage. With the same temperature sum it was higher at 20°C than at 25 or 30°C. Moreover, increasing the number of competing fruits reduced growth in weight as well as dry-matter percentage. The dry matter was distributed non-uniformly within a fruit; the dry-matter percentage was highest half-way along the fruit length. The dry-matter percentage of the green skin was...


The paper covers the Mount Isa Lead Smelter Stack project from its original inception to completion and operation. The reasons for the decision to proceed with the project are given and the method of approach to the feasibility and design is outlined. The investigations on site and in laboratory which were carried out to support the design and provide input are described. The planning and construction phase is described together with the action taken to provide safe working conditions on the working platform which prevented ingress of fume from the adjacent operating chimney is given. The paper concludes with a statement of the performance of the chimney both as a structure and as a means of fume disposal in a remote arid area. Ongoing investigation work is outlined.


Abstract Crystal growth kinetics of succinic acid in an aqueous solution has been evaluated experimentally at the saturation temperature of 40 °C using a modified fluidized bed growth apparatus and isothermal seeded batch experiments. The measurements covered the supersaturation range between 0.01227 and 0.00713   kg/kg water and the crystal size ranges 560–630 µm, 400–450 µm, and 250–350 µm. A novel cone-shaped design growth cell was used in the fluidized bed apparatus to suspend a uniform size range of crystals under identical hydrodynamic conditions and constant supersaturation. The overall growth rate of succinic acid is dependent on crystal size. The estimated growth rate order (g) was found to be in the range between 1.7–1.8 for all crystal sizes investigated. However, the overall growth rate order (kg ) decreases consistently with decreasing the crystal size. The growth rate versus supersaturation data was analyzed according to the two-step model to estimate the surface integration rate (kr ) and diffusion rate (kd ) coefficients at the different size ranges. The effect of seed loading on the particle size distribution was experimentally investigated. It was realized that growth with the suppression of nucleation takes place at a higher seed loading of 12 g/L.


Abstract A new species of Serjania (Sapindaceae, Paullinieae), S. lucianoi from Northern Bahia, Brazil, belonging to Serjania sect. Eurycoccus, is described, illustrated, and compared to its putative closest relative. Serjania lucianoi seems to be related to S. glutinosa, and can be distinguished from it by: the 5-foliolate leaves, linear stipules, indument with simple and glandular obconical-headed trichomes, fruits with ovate outline, and seeds in basal portion of the locule. In addition, micromorphological characters of leaf and flower epidermis are given, and pollen grains are described. The new species is known only from Bahian caatinga, being an element of the dunes of the São Francisco River. We present a key to the Brazilian species of Serjania restricted to this biome.


The current work involves fabrication, characterization, evaluation and subsequent optimization of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin polymer films coated with gold nanoparticle sensors for detecting analytes of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). For VOC sensors based on polymer/metal nanocomposites, the morphology of clusters, i.e. the cluster size and density principally affects the sensing property. And the morphology of clusters is a function of the method of production and process parameters. An optimum polymer film thickness of 100 nm deposited by spin coating gives the highest sensitivity and reversibility. By varying the polymer/metal nanocomposites' synthesis conditions in terms of thermal evaporation and sputtering, the sensing performances of the PMMA-gold nanocomposite sensors were systematically optimized. The morphology of clusters prepared at different synthesis conditions was systematically investigated by high resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Based on the TEM investigation and response signal, an optimum condition for VOC sensor manufacturing lies in nanoampere current region.


In this paper, we consider a computation offloading problem in a fog-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) network consisting of helper fog nodes and task nodes with energy harvesting capabilities. Considering the unpredictable energy supply and the low conversion efficiency in the case of energy harvesting, offloading scheduling plays a critical role to maintain the quality of experience (QoE) for computation intensive applications. Our goal is to find a scheduling policy to minimize the task abandoning ratio subject to the constraints on the energy causality and the queue stability. We propose an asymptotically optimal algorithm to solve this stochastic programming problem. In particular, the task admission, the local execution, and the offloading decisions are jointly optimized. Theoretical analyses are further presented to establish the performance guarantees of our proposed algorithm. Meanwhile, numerical simulations corroborate the optimality of the proposed policy.


Low‐cost, environment‐friendly aqueous Zn batteries have great potential for large‐scale energy storage, but the intercalation of zinc ions in the cathode materials is challenging and complex. Herein, the critical role of structural H2O on Zn2+ intercalation into bilayer V2O5·nH2O is demonstrated. The results suggest that the H2O‐solvated Zn2+ possesses largely reduced effective charge and thus reduced electrostatic interactions with the V2O5 framework, effectively promoting its diffusion. Benefited from the "lubricating" effect, the aqueous Zn battery shows a specific energy of ≈144 Wh kg−1 at 0.3 A g−1. Meanwhile, it can maintain an energy density of 90 Wh kg−1 at a high power density of 6.4 kW kg−1 (based on the cathode and 200% Zn anode), making it a promising candidate for high‐performance, low‐cost, safe, and environment‐friendly energy‐storage devices.

publisher-specific, author manuscript: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am


Twelve indigenous entomopathogenic nematode populations were screened for their efficacy against larvae of some important lepidopteran insect pests viz., Plutella xylostella, Opisina arenosella, Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura and Phthorimaea operculella larvae in lab. Potential of the nematode species and isolates against each pest was assessed by the mortality of host larvae and establishment and development of nematodes in the host. Reproductive capacity of different nematodes species and isolates in each insect was evaluated by estimating the final yield of infective juveniles after infection.


Raw Materials Index, 8th edn, Surface Coatings Association Australia, 2004, 785 pp, ISSN 0812-5295. Free to SCAA members, extra copies $180 (plus GST). Non-members $240 (plus GST). Enquiries to firstname.lastname@example.com.


d‐Pantothenic acid (D‐PA) is an essential vitamin widely used in food, feed, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. An Escherichia coli platform was developed for the high‐level production of D‐PA from glucose through fed‐batch cultivation. Initially, the effects of different glucose feeding strategies D‐PA synthesis were studied. It was found that D‐PA production in glucose control (5 g/L) fed‐batch culture reached 24.3 g/L, which was 4.09 times that in the batch culture. Next, the effect of auxotrophic amino acid (isoleucine)‐limited feeding on D‐PA production was investigated. The results revealed that isoleucine feeding decreased the accumulation of by‐product acetic acid and promoted D‐PA production significantly. Furthermore, an isoleucine feeding embedded multistage glucose supply strategy was established, and a maximum titer of 39.1 g/L was achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this levels are the highest reported so far in engineered E. coli for the D‐PA production. The developed fed‐batch feeding strategy may be useful for the industrial D‐PA production by E. coli.


Organocatalysis has attracted great interest since its "renaissance" with the pioneering works of MacMillan on iminium activation and List on enamine chemistry. However, the use of small organic molecules as catalysts can be traced back to the early works of Knoevenagel. In this period, thousands of organocatalytic reactions have been discovered, hundreds of organocatalysts have been synthesized, and organocatalysis has finally emerged as one of the three cornerstones of asymmetric synthesis, together with metal catalysis and enzyme catalysis. The first decade of 21 century has been called the 'gold rush' of organocatalysis ; aldol, mannich, tandem, and cascade reactions were developed, with excellent yields, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities. Nevertheless, several quests for glory eluded organocatalytic chemists, one of which was the a-alkylation of aldehydes. The importance of this reaction in organic chemistry and the difficulties surrounding development of suitable methodology have propelled this reaction to become a Holy Grail of organocatalysis. In organometallic chemistry, several research groups have devoted their efforts to the development of highly efficient methodologies. As shown in Scheme 1, Evans (a), Helmchen (b), Oppolzer (c), and Enders (d) have developed powerful strategies based on the formation of metal enolates and treatment with different alkyl halides by a SN2 mechanism. This strategy can be rendered asymmetric through the use of stoichiometric amounts of chiral auxiliaries (oxazolones, sultams, chiral scaffolds, or SAMP/RAMP) as shown in Scheme 1. After the development of enamine catalysis by secondary amines, it was logical to assume that a-alkylation of aldehydes represented a clear and easily accessible target. However, the reaction remains problematic, despite the enormous efforts of many research groups. In this review we aim to look back at the first attempts at enantioselective a-alkylation and to chart the course of its development over recent years.


When epilepsy is localized, limited excisions can be very effective for control of seizures without increased neurological deficit. Van Wagenen found that a seizure discharge confined to one hemispher


. Optical chaos generated by perturbing semiconductor lasers has been viewed, over recent decades, as an excellent entropy source for fast physical random bit generation (RBG) owing to its high bandwidth and large random fluctuations. However, most optical-chaos-based random bit generators perform their quantization process in the electrical domain using electrical analog-to-digital converters, so their real-time rates in a single channel are severely limited at the level of Gb/s due to the electronic bottleneck. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical method for RBG where chaotic pulses are quantized into a physical random bit stream in the all-optical domain by means of a length of highly nonlinear fiber. In our proof-of-concept experiment, a 10-Gb/s random bit stream is successfully generated on-line using our method. Note that the single-channel real-time rate is limited only by the chaos bandwidth. Considering that the Kerr nonlinearity of silica fiber with an ultrafast response of few femtoseconds is exploited for composing the key part of quantizing laser chaos, this scheme thus may operate potentially at much higher real-time rates than 100 Gb/s provided that a chaotic entropy source of sufficient bandwidth is available.


The collection of the writer Beniamino Dal Fabbro (Belluno 1910-Milan 1989) has been donated, in 2005, to the Belluno Public Library. The heiress Gigliola Beratto has handed over a large amount of documents which belonged to him, such as books, magazines, press cuttings, manuscripts, letters, documents, pictures, recordings, librettos and piano scores, paintings, drawings and diaries. The donation consists in a private collection which represents the personal interests of the writer and his relationship with contemporary representatives of literature, music, art, journalism and culture. It reflects the pleasure of the scholar who lives among his papers, collecting and keeping various materials and his favourite books. The dedications, notes, press cuttings, postcards, tickets, playbills, pictures and typewritten papers are, therefore, equally important. The completed cataloguing of his archive will give scholars the opportunity to avail themselves of precious material for the study of 19 th century Italian culture, giving this forgotten intellectual the place he deserves.


Cellular senescence is a terminal cell-cycle arrest program that is executed in response to cellular stresses, such as activated oncogenes or DNA-damaging anti-cancer chemotherapy, where it serves as a tumor-suppressive mechanism or contributes to treatment outcome, respectively. Recently, transcription factor NF-kappaB which has long been linked to cancer development primarily through its oncogenic functions, has been postulated to participate in a senescence-associated and possibly senescence-reinforcing cytokine response, thereby suggesting a tumor-restraining role for NF-kappaB. The aim of my PhD project was to understand the role of the NF-kappaB pathway in senescence and cancer treatment outcome. In this thesis, I show markedly elevated NF-kappaB activity upon therapy-induced senescence (TIS), associated with strong upregulation of NF-kappaB-controlled cytokines. TIS is associated with and depends on hyper-activated NF-kappaB signaling. By characterization and genetic engineering of primary mouse lymphomas according to distinct NF-kappaB-related oncogenic networks reminiscent of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtypes, Bcl2-overexpressing germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCL were identified as a clinically relevant subgroup with significantly superior outcome when NF-kappaB is hyperactive. These results demonstrate the context-dependent role of NF-kappaB signaling in cancer therapy and unveil oncogenic scenarios in which NF-kappaB hyperactivity unexpectedly accounts for superior long-term outcome to therapy. This finding has significant ramifications for future clinical trials that aim at inhibiting NF-kappaB activity based on the assumption of its detrimental impact on treatment outcome. Therapie-induzierten Seneszenzantwort eher nicht inhibiert werden sollte.


Based on the functional and applicational methods of 3S, the application of 3S in Yangzhou's development along the Yangtze River is analyzed. The applicational methods of 3S in planning, land, resources, population, disaster prevention and V-R along the Yangtze River is also proposed.


W epresenta strong evidenceforthem agnetic con(cid:12)nem entin Q CD by dem onstrating thattheone loop e(cid:11)ective action of SU (2)Q CD inducesa dynam icalsym m etry breaking thorugh the m onopole condensation,which could induce the dualM eissner e(cid:11)ect and guarantee the con(cid:12)nem entofcolor in thenon-A belian gaugetheory.Theresultisobtained by separating thetopologicaldegreeswhich describes the non-A belian m onopoles from the dynam icaldegrees ofthe potential,and integrating outallthe dynam icaldegreesofQ CD .


Numerous technologies have been employed as the demand for data requirements and high resolution in wireless communication systems increase. Increased research has led to the evolution of numerous antennas including but not limited to monopole antennas and dipole antennas. An innovative design monopole antenna for Ultra-wideband applications is presented in this paper. The design incorporates a cut-in rectangular patch with, two notches at the upper and lower corners of the patch and a microstrip feed line. The proposed compact antenna is designed on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate of dimensions 22 mm x 28 mm x 15 mm which shows its compactness. Testing and simulation results generated from the proposed design showed good Ultra-wideband characteristics between 3.8 GHz and 50 GHz frequencies at 10 dB return loss. The performance of the antenna was tested at the sub-6 GHz spectrum and millimeter-wave spectrum specifically 6 GHz and 28 GHz. The proposed antenna has super-wide bandwidth with good impedance matching and isolation. The antenna's simulated performance characteristics make it applicable in radar, sonar imaging in handheld devices in the Ultra-wideband spectrum, and 5G MIMO application.


A paediatric formulation of valaciclovir with acceptable palatability, good pharmaceutical quality and stability, and with the possibility of flexible dosing is currently not available. A preparation of valaciclovir liquid using crushed tablets as described in the US Food and Drug Administration label information was found not to be adequate for use in daily practice.1 The mean relative bioavailability of this liquid compared with the tablets was reported to be 91.1% (SD, 33.1%), but was not investigated following the regulatory guidance for bioequivalence testing.2 Aim of this study was to develop a new paediatric formulation and to assess the bioequivalence of this new formulation compared with the brand named valaciclovir tablets.

An oral liquid was developed because this is generally considered acceptable for use in infants and young children.3 Dosing accuracy, use of non-toxic excipients, palatability and good pharmaceutical stability for an acceptable period of time were taken into account during development. A solution …


CHEEMA, HAMMAD ARSHAD. Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Novel Halogen-Free Bi-Functional Flame Retardant Monomers. (Under the direction of Dr. Ahmed El-Shafei). The most common flame retardant systems for rendering textiles flame retardant are halogen containing compounds. Halogen-based compounds are not environmentally friendly because they generate toxic gases, which are endocrine disruptive. Recently, phosphorusnitrogen-based flame retardant systems have attracted more attention in the academia and industry because of their good thermal stability, low toxicity, and superior performance owing to the synergistic effect of nitrogen and phosphorous . Two of the widely used phosphorus-based flame retardants are Tetrakis(hydroxy methyl phosphonium chloride (THPC) and Pyrovatex. However, THPC requires a very special ammonia-based application method and equipment where Pyrovatex does not have good wash fastness properties. Hence, flame retardants that are durable to washing, halogen-free, efficient in performance, easy to apply and benign to the environment are in high demand. The main thrust of this work was two-fold: 1the synthesis of novel bifunctional phosphorous-nitrogen containing monomers, and 2-their graft polymerization on cotton thermally in presence of the thermal initiator K2S2O8. Three novel phosphorous-nitrogen flame retardant monomers were synthesized in our laboratory and characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance/Fourier TransformInfra Red (ATR/FT-IR) and Electron Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). The monomers were applied separately and graft polymerized on cotton in presence of K2S2O8. The performance of each monomer was evaluated using Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), % grafting, and flame test. It was shown that the performance of the monomers as flame retardants finishes for cotton was in the following order: monomer 3 > monomer 1 > monomer 2. The molecular structures for monomers 1-3 are shown below.


The purpose of this paper is to describe the characteristics of the content generated by private, independent, and alternative media around the controversy over the construction of Mexico City's new airport in 2018, to identify the communicative ecology of #YoPrefieroElLago movement. This work was developed under a quantitative exploratory descriptive methodology. A content analysis was performed over 905 publications on web pages and 8 402 tweets. The results showed that the third sector takes part of the connecting actions of the movement.


Salt-water intrusion in the Fraser River estuary was modeled numerically and compared with a field measurement program. The salt wedge was observed to have a highly dynamic behavior and yet to retain its stratified character. The main physical and computational problems studied were: (1)The interfacial stress term; (2)the necessary boundary conditions at the river mouth; and (3)the computational stability.


The working principle of infrared sensors is studied and a gas volume fraction measuring device for CO2 is designed,according to Beer-Lambert law and infrared absorption principle.A brief description of the whole architecture of the device is illustrated,including the design of hardware and software.Matlab is used to fit measurement datas of volume fraction ranges from 0 % ~20 %,the correlation coefficient achieves above 0.98.This device can measure the volume fraction of CO2 accurately in real time,and has good stability and small in size.


In the East London Museum is a broken soapstone sculpture with a unique combination of style, subjectmatter and context (figs 1-4). The piece was presented by a local resident, Mr B. R. Reid, in 1964 and is catalogued 'Archaeology 606'. According to the donor's notes, presented with the sculpture, it was: 'recovered broken in the roots of a large mopani tree (?) about 6 feet underground in an ancient working (gold) about 1912. The tree was a very old one and had grown in the ancient working which Dad subsequently worked.' The early date of discovery, some 22 years after the Pioneer Column, would preclude an origin in tourism or detribalized art, if African in origin.


Dear Editor, Neurocysticercosis is a common parasitic disease of the CNS that is caused by a pork tapeworm (Taenia solium). However, involvement with the spine is uncommon. This report highlights spinal cysticercosis as a cause of low back pain, which is of special interest due to its rare etiology, reportedly accounting for only 1.2% to 5.8% of all cases of neurocysticercosis. Furthermore, the intraspinal type is even more rare, with only 53 cases reported up to 2010.1 A previously healthy 46-year-old man presented with low back pain radiating to the legs. At the initial neurological examination he was awake and alert, with normal cognitive function. There was no cranial nerve impairment or weakness in the upper extremities. He reported subjective pain in the lower extremities, especially in the dorsal-to-lateral aspect of the thighs, calves, and feet bilaterally. However, there was no apparent sensory impairment in any modality, including position sense. His muscle bulk was also normal. There was trivial weakness of left planter flexion and dorsiflexion. Coordination was intact, and deep tendon reflexes were symmetric and within normal limits, with no pathological reflexes suggestive of a long tract sign. He complained of mild ischuria. There was no meningeal sign of neck stiffness. His gait was guarded secondary to the lower extremity pain probably associated with lumbago. Based on the neurological examination, bilateral S1 radiculopathy was suspected, with greater severity on the left. Given his age and presentation, degenerative joint disease was the most likely etiology. However, the initial MRI and CT myelogram of the lumbar spine obtained in 2012 demonstrated a cystic lesion (Fig. 1). The patient underwent laminectomy at the L4–5 and L5–S1 levels. Opening of the dura revealed exudative inflammatory material with cysts. Several cysts were observed enveloped by nerve roots, each of which was carefully dissected microscopically and sent for pathology analysis. The nerve roots were inflamed and difficult to dissect off completely. The procedure was carried out with intraoperative neuromonitoring, which revealed normal motor responses throughout the procedure. No surgical complication was identified. The pathological specimen showed typical findings of neurocysticercosis (Fig. 2). He subsequently presented 4 years later with management noncompliance and worsening bilateral radicular-type pain in both legs in the L5–S1 distribution. A neurological examination revealed no significant weakness in the lower extremities and an intact gait. The patient's most recent MRI and CT myelogram obtained in 2016 revealed recurrent cysts that had increased in both size and number (Fig. 3). Medical treatment with albendazole was initiated. At the time of writing the patient was reluctant to receive any further surgical intervention, and so was receiving on medical management. Clinically, his lower extremity pain and lumbago had been slowly subsiding since the initiation of albendazole. Spinal cysticercosis is rare, but it should be suspected in patients from endemic regions who complain of backache with radicular pain. The present case of cysticercosis in the lumbar spine is uncommon because cysticercosis is usually found in the thoracic cord. Furthermore, even when a cyst has previously been resected, it is important to consider the risk of Pauline Joy F Santos Shuichi Suzuki Sumeet Vadera


In this paper, we propose a novel automatic gain control (AGC) algorithm as a solution to improve the signal reception performance based on the IEEE 802.15.4a chirp spread spectrum (CSS) over indoor fading channels. The CSS signals are composed of low-band and high-band signals whose frequency characteristics are different because of multipath fading in indoor environment. It is not appropriate to apply only one conventional AGC which regardless of the different bands, where the received signals are contaminated by quantization noise or clipped. The proposed AGC algorithm is based on two AGCs which are designed to be matched well with low-band and high-band signals separately.


Avian influenza is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease of avian origin and is of major economic and public health importance. Out of all the 16 haemagglutinin subtypes of influenza viruses, only H5 and H7 are considered highly pathogenic in poultry. However, previous studies have reported that serotype H9N2 produces severe respiratory and reproductive tract infections in chickens. Previous studies have suggested that poultry movement through trade and migratory wild birds play a major role in the spread of avian influenza viruses over long distances. Surveillance studies among wild ducks and geese in many parts of the world have always resulted in the isolation of a broad spectrum of avian influenza virus subtypes. Although avian influenza has not yet been reported in Zambia, its outbreak would be devastating to the local economy. The present study was carried out to determine the presence of avian influenza viruses in the wild migratory ducks and geese on the Bangweulu wetlands of Zambia located in Luapula and Northern provinces of Zambia during 2009-2010. A total of 2,000 environmental samples of fresh faeces of wild ducks and geese on the Bangweulu wetlands of Zambia were examined and analysed for the presence of avian influenza viruses. The study found that H6N2 and H9N2 subtypes were present in the faeces of the Knob-billed ducks (Sarkidiornis melanotos). These data indicated that wild migratory ducks that inhabit the Bangweulu wetlands play a role as carriers of influenza viruses, thus necessitating continued surveillance studies so as to elucidate the ecology of the viruses in the area.


A structure-explosives coupled analysis is sometimes needed in defence area. Direct explosion analysis with structure deformation can gives accurate informations. However, the direct analysis of explosion with structure deformation require large computation costs due to huge impedance difference of explosive and structure. In many cases, fast and fairly good analysis results are preferred than late accurate results. In that cases, pre-defined pressure function during explosion can be used instead of direct explosion analysis. The explosion pressure is a function of distance from the ignition point, explosive mass, and time. In this study, the explosive pressure function is generated using explosion analysis results.


Intended as a general overview of neurology for psychiatrists, Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists provides comprehensive coverage of neurologic illnesses associated with psychiatric comorbidities and psychiatric conditions that may present with neurologic symptoms. Complex issues in neurology and neuropsychiatry are described in detail in clear, plain language in a very understandable way. Well-organized and clinically oriented, it covers functional neuroanatomy as well as controversial topics excluded in the fourth edition of the book: fetal cell transplantation, pain management, and euthanasia. The first section of the book—Classic Anatomic Neurology—consists of 6 chapters covering: first encounter with a patient, psychogenic neurologic deficits (mainly differentiating conversion symptoms from neuroanatomical dysfunction), cranial nerve impairments, peripheral nerve disorders, and muscle disorders. The illustrations and figures accompanying these chapters are simple and very helpful; they present functional neuroanatomy in a manner meaningful to a clinician-whether psychiatrist or intensivist. The book's second section—Major Neurologic Symptoms—reviews all of the major neurologic and psychiatric illness groups: dementia, aphasia and related disorders, headaches, seizures, transient ischemic attacks and strokes, visual disturbances, congenital cerebral impairments, neurologic aspects of sexual function and chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, sleep disorders, involuntary movement disorders, brain tumors and metastatic cancer, lumbar puncture and imaging studies, neurotransmitters and drug abuse, and traumatic brain injury. A series of 3 appendices that concludes the book includes listings for patient and family support groups, costs of various tests and treatments, and lists of illnesses caused by chromosomal and mitochondrial abnormalities and excessive trinucleotide repeats. The combination of illustrations, figures, imaging scans, and study questions and annotated answers—included in each chapter plus an additional 445 questions at the end of the book—makes this book an excellent study guide. Any medical specialist called upon to evaluate patients with neurologic impairments, including intensivists, will find this book useful. Physicians preparing for board certification examinations will find it particularly invaluable.


vailing in England at that time. This is followed by a. sketch of Dell ana an extensive exposition of his religious and-educational views. The points of agreement and of difference with the Congregationists are then set forth, ana finally an estimate of Dell's debt to Luther, wmch the author makes large of course. Dell's works are not easily accessible, and: therefore this brochure of a German pastor is welcome. W. J. McGLoTHLIN.


Geometric thinking is a process in which competences are developed to understand three-dimensional space. The experience arises from the need to implement teaching methodologies that allow to optimize both the potential of teachable that has the geometry as the potential of learnability of the student with the purpose of deepening in the learnings so that, by means of the construction of models and the mathematical principle of reconstruction and invention of mathematics, emphasizing spatial thinking and leading the student to recognize geometric objects, geometric spaces and associated transformations to develop mathematical skills while strengthening their geometric thinking.


Objective This study aimed to examine the relationship between patient safety climate, quality of care, and intention of nursing professionals to remain in their job. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in a teaching hospital in Brazil wherein nursing professionals were surveyed. The Brazilian version of the Patient Safety Climate in Healthcare Organizations tool was applied to measure the patient safety climate. Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression models were applied for the analysis. Results A high percentage of problematic response was observed for most dimensions, except for fear of shame. Quality of care resulted in a strong correlation with organizational resources for safety and with overall emphasis on patient safety, and the nurse-perceived staffing adequacy was strongly correlated with organizational resources for safety. The multiple linear regression model showed higher scores in quality of care in dimensions related to organizational, work unit, and interpersonal aspects as well as in the adequacy of the number of professionals. A higher score in intention to stay in one's job was also found in the dimensions of fear of blame and punishment, provision of safe care, and adequacy of the number of professionals. Conclusions The organizational and work unit aspects can lead to a better perception of the quality of care. Improving interpersonal relationships and increasing the number of professionals on staff were found to increase nurses' intention to remain in their jobs. Assessing a hospital's patient safety climate will enable improvement in the provision of safe and harm-free health care assistance.


paper, Neural network algorithm is introduced to study the singular system of a linear electrical circuit for time invariant and time varying cases. The discrete solutions obtained using neural network are compared with Runge-Kutta(RK) method and exact solutions of the electrical circuit problem and are found to be very accurate. Error graphs for inductor currents and capacitor voltages are presented in a graphical form to show the efficiency of neural network algorithm. This neural network algorithm can be easily implemented in a digital computer for any singular system of electrical circuits.


The photonic generation with dispersion-tolerant fiber distribution of impulse-radio ultra-wideband signals is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in the 60 GHz band suitable for multi-Gigabit wireless personal area connectivity in fiber-to-the-home networks.


In this letter, we investigate volume-scattering effects on microwave emission from a foam-covered ocean surface by a comparative study of emissivities and polarization indexes of a numerical radiative transfer model and an incoherent emission model. The matrix doubling method is applied in the numerical model, which fully accounts for the multiple scattering in the foam layer and at the interfaces. The incoherent emission model considers incoherent interactions between air–foam and foam–seawater interfaces but ignores the volume scattering in the foam layer. Model analyses show that foam volume scattering affects both the magnitude and polarization index of emission from the foam-covered ocean surface. Foam volume scattering reduces the rate of increase in emissivity with increasing foam water fraction. Results also show that polarization index is more sensitive to volume scattering at a large observation angle and at a low foam water fraction. Comparison between model predictions and experimental measurements accentuate the need to account for foam-scattering effects in interpreting emission measurements from the foam-covered ocean surface.


Two cases of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx are described, one occurring in a patient with a solitary keratoacanthoma, the other in a patient with multiple keratoacanthomas. Investigation and treatment in the conventional manner are strongly advised. Any temptation to delay, based on the rare entity of benign eruptive keratoacanthoma, should be resisted.


Arithmetic coding is an efficient data compression technique. This paper describes the VLSI implementation of an arithmetic coder for a multilevel alphabet (256 symbols). The design we propose is based on the use of redundant arithmetic and the development of new schemes for storing and updating the cumulative probabilities and updating the range and left point of the interval. The use of redundant arithmetic reduces the delays of the modules, so the speed of the design is improved. The resulting chip has an area of 31 mm/sup 2/ and a operating frequency of 39 MHz.


In this paper we describe a learning framework enabling ranking predictions for graph nodes based solely on individual local historical data. The two learning algorithms capitalize on the multi feature vectors of nodes in graphs that evolve in time. In the first case we use weighted polynomial regression (LWPR) while in the second we consider the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm to fit a mixture of polynomial regression models. The first method uses separate weighted polynomial regression models for each web page, while the second algorithm capitalizes on group behavior, thus taking advantage of the possible interdependence between web pages. The prediction quality is quantified as the similarity between the predicted and the actual rankings and compared to alternative baseline predictor. We performed extensive experiments on a real world data set (the Wikipedia graph). The results are very encouraging.


This paper analyses the trends in area, production and productivity of Rapeseed Mustard in India as well as Uttar Pradesh. India has the largest area and the highest production of mustard in the world. By using secondary data, a fifty-year time series has been used to apply orthogonal polynomial technique to get trends in area production and productivity. In order to know relative strength of area or productivity in production, Area and Productivity effect has been calculated with the help of simple regression analysis. To break the productivity, plateau the investment in technology up gradation and mechanization in the oilseed production, opening of better market avenues and improving the efficiency in the processing sector shall go a long way in augmenting the overall production and productivity. Key Words: Orthogonal Polynomial, Mechanization, Efficiency, Regression, productivity


The antennas for mobile communication handsets have become smaller in shape, which has degraded their electrical performance significantly. To obtain a small but high-performance handset, it is important to increase the antenna efficiency. The important parameter for such a purpose is the radiation efficiency which can be measured easily by the Wheeler method. This method is carried out based on the assumption that the input power is equal to the power loss if the antenna is covered with a cap of a size on the order of a radian sphere. However, unless this assumption holds, the computed Wheeler efficiency does not give accurate radiation efficiency.

When the radiation efficiency is actually measured by the Wheeler method, the measured values often have a dip from the theoretical value. In this paper, the cap is approximated by wire grids and the Wheeler method is simulated on a computer. It is confirmed that the dip is not caused by the measurement method. It is shown that the cause derives from the invalidness of the presumption of the Wheeler method that the internal reactive electromagnetic field does not change when a cap is placed. It is shown also that the Wheeler method can be used sufficiently even if the size of the cap is larger than the radian sphere. The limit of application is studied.


This study investigated the challenges facing the collection and distribution of educational data in F.C.T Educational institutions, Abuja, Nigeria. The researchers used descriptive research survey design for the study. The study comprised a population of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents which made up of data collection officers in the selected educational institutions across the FCT. Ten (10) data collection officers from each area council and ten (10) data collection officers from six departments/agencies/units within the ministries of education in Abuja were used in the study. Purposive, Stratified and systematic sampling technique was used to select the sample population from the educational institutions across Abuja. The reliability of the instrument was determined through the test re-test method. Data was collected by questionnaire and were analyzed using percentage and chi-square. The study led to the conclusion that inadequate funding,  shortage of professional data collection officers, inadequate working materials, institutional corruption, poor capacity development programme of data collection officers, poor methods and approaches used for collecting data, poor supervision and inspection and political influence are the problems hindering effective data collection and distribution in educational institutions. The study also established that there is significant relationship between challenges and collection and distribution of educational data in schools. Based on this finding, the following were recommended: that the federal, state and local government should increase the funding of education and more priority should be given to data collection and distribution funding and the government at every level in FCT should employ more data collection officers and deploy them to the primary and secondary schools in FCT.


Field experiments were conducted from 1983 through 1985 to evaluate the influence of tridiphane at 0.3, 0.6, 1.1, and 2.2 kg ai/ha when tank mixed with propanil at 2.2 or 3.4 kg ai/ha on control of 3- to 4-leaf or 4- to 6-leaf barnyardgrass in rice. Tridiphane at 0.6 kg/ha or greater tank mixed with propanil at 2.2 or 3.4 kg/ha enhanced control of 3- to 4-leaf barnyardgrass compared to propanil applied alone at 3.4 kg/ha. Rates of tridiphane at 1.1 kg/ha or greater plus propanil at 3.4 kg/ha were necessary to control 4- to 6-leaf barnyardgrass. 'Starbonnet' rice injury was minimal for all treatments.


For several decades, many countries have favored irrigation as a means of regulating, diversifying, and increasing agricultural production to meet the growing domestic demand for food, and even to generate exportable surpluses. As with most Mediterranean countries, Tunisia has inherited a long tradition in irrigation; thus, the management of the scarcity of water resources poses a very important challenge that is gradually increasing due to the effects of climate change undergone by the region and confronting the agricultural sector. Aiming at a new model of sustainable development, ensuring the optimization of water resources management, as well as the protection of natural resources and the environment, this work proposed the modern design of a photovoltaic pumping chain dedicated for drip irrigation, which is controlled using an intelligent neuron-fuzzy controller with an ANFIS architecture and implemented on a Raspberry Pi platform. Thanks to this design, the efficiency of the pumping chain increased exponentially to a value of approximately 95%, achieving water pumping optimization while exploiting renewable energy resources, thus guaranteeing the longevity of water resources, as well as the continuity of diversified agricultural production.


Abstract In this article, as a first attempt, Fourier series expansion (FSE), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and genetic algorithm (GA) methods are coupled for analysis of the propagated waves in the sandwich nanoplate via finding optimum phase velocity value. The FSE method is used to solve the governing equations of the nanosystem. For increasing the performance of GAs for solving the problem, the PSO technique is added as an operator of the GA. Accuracy, convergence, and applicability of the proposed mixed approach are shown in the results section. Finally, it is shown that if designers consider the presented algorithm in their model, the results of phase velocity of the nanosystem will be increased by 30%. A useful suggestion is that the magnetic field's effect on the phase velocity is greater than the electric field's impact on the wave propagation of the magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) nanosystem. As the related industry's relevant result, the optimum value of angle play of layers is equal to 37.5 degrees that should be attention to this value.


Safety practitioners widely use the lifting index (LI) to determine workers' lifting risk but are hampered by the difficulties of estimating the lifting load without intervention or intrusive sensors. This study proposes a computer vision method for estimating the LI across varying lifting loads. The proposed method can also predict the Brog rating of perceived exertion (RPE), a measure associated with the lifting load. A controlled lifting experiment was conducted to demonstrate the approach. Thirty participants performed 2176 lifting tasks at three LI levels. These levels were controlled by varying the lifting load and fixing other task variables (e.g., the lifting distance). The proposed method combined the pose estimation (OpenPose) and the optical flow estimation (SelFlow) techniques for extracting the participants' body motion and posture features; a facial expression recognition algorithm (OpenFace) built upon the facial action unit coding system (FACS) was used to extract the participants' facial features. The extracted features were combined and used to develop prediction models. The best-performing model was an integration of the 1-D convolutional neural network and the long short-term memory network. It achieved an area under curve of 0.890 in classifying the LI and a root mean square of 2.264 in predicting the participants' RPE. Critical indicators were identified by investigating the contribution of the features through interpretable machine learning techniques. In summary, this study demonstrates a nonintrusive method for lifting risk assessment and discovers behavioral indicators that predict changes in the LI and RPE due to varying loads.


The final composition of cement is of great importance for both the manufacturer and the consumer, since the behaviour of the cement and its application depend largely on it's composition. The composition of cement in turn, depends heavily on the raw materials, the geological origin thereof and the manufacturing process. In previous research, the major element composition of cement has been well-characterised, but the minor and trace element composition in many cases has not. This investigation is an attempt to analyse some of the materials comprising cement, cement clinker and gypsum, for a suite of trace elements that will provide a unique fingerprint of the final product. It was found that for both the clinker and the gypsum a suite of trace elements can be successfully employed to uniquely characterise the materials. The contribution of such a fingerprint is that it can provide valuable information in the case of a forensic analysis for discrimination purposes and also predict the behaviour of these s...


The synthesis of heterogeneous carbon catalyst using electro-activation method has been carried out to assess the effect of temperature on surface morphology of hydrogen production and the surface area of the carbon catalyst as well as characterization of hydrogen production that was resulted. The electrolyte solution of NaOH with a concentration of 2.7 M which was produced from 2 grams of carbon and 25 ml of distilled water was used for electro-activation process. The activation process was taken place with a current of 3 A for 120 minutes and the variation of carbonization temperature of 1000, 1100 and 1200 °C. The electrode system that was used in the process comprised a carbon cathode and copper anode. The results of carbon mass yield testing indicated that purification of charcoal applied at high temperature. The optimum amount of gas with an average rate of 9.19 ml/min/gr Al for a time of 1 hour was produced from carbonized catalyst at carbonization temperature of 1200 °C. The SEM-EDS examination indicated that the reacted product consisted of a mixture of Al(OH)3 and carbon catalysts which would be reprocessed through the re-electro-activation. The characterization of Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) of the surface area of catalyzed carbon shown a value of 394.456 m2/g; while the result test of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shown that the morphology of surface layer tends to be more pores after carbon catalyzed was used with the concentration of NaOH electrolyte solution of 2.7 M. Results of Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis also shown the formation of new carboxyl functional groups (O-H) in the wavelength range 464.41 cm−1.


Purpose: The goal of the paper is to analyze the main differences between the smart mobility 6 idea implementation in Copenhagen and Barcelona.


The tidal bore develops and enhances at Jiashao Bridge river reach with the strong tide and rapid velocity.Accuracy of design velocity is very important to safety in the construction and operation of bridge works.Numerical model is an effective method for determining the design velocity.In this paper,a 2-D numerical model for the tidal bore in the Qiantang River was developed using KFVS(Kinetic Flux Vector Splitting) scheme based on the Boltzmann equation,with WLTF(Water Level-bottom Topography Formulation)method and a special wellbalanced technique for dealing with the source term due to bottom topography.Based on the good agreement between the observed and computed data on the tidal bore,the model predicted the design velocity up to 7.83m/s at the section of Jiashao Bridge for the tidal range probability of 0.33%.The computation results provide credible technical parameter for bridge design.


Purpose of the study is to improve the technological process of manufacturing small-sized parts of coaxial radio components from beryllium bronze and alloy 29 NK to reduce costs and obtain stable quality at the stage of machining. Analysis of the characteristics of parts of coaxial radio components and methods of deburring has shown that a promising method is thermal impulse deburring. For complete removal of burrs by the thermal impulse method, the selection of the tool and processing modes at the stage of blade processing was carried out in order to obtain a normalized size of burrs. The thermal impulse deburring experiment showed complete deburring while maintaining the geometry of the parts. The design of the tooling and devices for placing parts in it are proposed. The calculation of the base pressure and the required volume of the gas mixture for processing the loaded batch of parts has been developed. The calculation of the size of the batch of loading and the time of thermal impulse treatment for the production program has been developed. A technique for choosing equipment for a thermal impulse treatment section is proposed. The results of the research performed can be used to apply the operation of thermal impulse deburring in the technological process of manufacturing small-sized parts from beryllium bronze and alloy 29 NK.


The technique, SEA TADPOLE, measures the complete spatiotemporal intensity and phase of arbitrary ultrashort pulses, but device instability blurs the spatial component of the phase. We show that a simple phase-retrieval algorithm recovers it.


Among the different subsets of dendritic cells (DC), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) play a unique role in secreting large amounts of type I interferons upon viral stimulation, but their efficiency as antigen-presenting cells has not been completely characterized. We show here, by flow cytometry, with human primary blood PDC and with a PDC cell line, that PDC display poor endocytic capacity for soluble or cellular antigens when compared to monocyte-derived myeloid DC. However, immature PDC efficiently take up cellular material from live influenza-exposed cells, subsequently mature and cross-present viral antigens very efficiently to specific CD8+ T cells. Therefore, during viral infection PDC not only secrete immunomodulatory cytokines, but also recognize infected cells and function as antigen cross-presenting cells to trigger the anti-viral immune response. Citation: Lui G, Manches O, Angel J, Molens J-P, Chaperot L, et al. (2009) Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Capture and Cross-Present Viral Antigens from InfluenzaVirus Exposed Cells. PLoS ONE 4(9): e7111. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007111 Editor: Mauricio Martins Rodrigues, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil Received May 27, 2009; Accepted August 20, 2009; Published September 22, 2009 Copyright: 2009 Lui et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported in part by grants 4498 and 4798 from ARC (Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer), grant 2003.26 from EFS (Etablissement Francais du Sang), and by the INCA (Institut National du Cancer), Canceropole 2004-05. GL and OM were recipients for grants from La ligue contre le Cancer comites Haute-Savoie et Isere. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com . These authors contributed equally to this work.


Starting with the idea of two four-potentials and taking the generalized charge, potential, field, current as complex quantities with real and imaginary parts of them as electric and magnetic constituents, the quaternionic formulation of generalized complexelectromagnetic field equations and generalized Proca-Maxwell's (GPM) equations have been established for massive dyons.


nduction of labor is considered necessary in certain clinical situations. These include postdate pregnancy, term premature rupture of membranes, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, and significant medical diseases such as diabetes mellitus at term. Intravaginal or intracervical dinoprostone (prostaglandin-E2 [PGE2]) is the most used pharmacologic method to ripen the cervix and induce labor. Cervical ripening and labor induction in women with one previous low transverse cesarean section (CS) is controversial. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of induction of labor with vaginal PGE2 in candidate women for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). From January 1995 to December 2000, there were 510 induction of labor with vaginal PGE2 (dinoprostone; ProstinTM E2, Upjohn, London, United Kingdom) at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The outcome of induction of labor with vaginal PGE2 (3 mg tablet every 6 hours for a maximum of 3 doses) in 41 women with one previous low transverse CS was compared to the outcome of spontaneous labor of 82 women with one previous CS matched for age, parity, and gestational age at delivery. There was no statistical significant differences in the duration of labor, fetal birth weight, estimated blood loss at delivery, and Apgar scores in the 2 groups. In the induction group, 27 (65.9%) women delivered vaginally and 14 (34.1%) women by emergency cesarean section (ECS). In the control group, 58 (70.7%) women delivered vaginally and 24 (29.3%) women by ECS. However, in the induction group the mean duration of the hospital stay of the mother was longer (p = 0.019) and there was one (2.4%) asymptomatic uterine dehiscence discovered at CS compared to one (1.2%) in the control group. Both cases of asymptomatic uterine dehiscence of the CS scar were easily repaired and no hysterectomy was performed. In a review of 10 studied published in 2000,1 the incidence of uterine scar disruption was not differ from women who received PGE2 and women who entered labor spontaneously (1.6% versus 1.23%, odds ratio of 1.46, 95% confidence interval 0.96-2.22). However, more recent studies showed an increase in the uterine rupture and decreased vaginal delivery rates with induction with PGE2.2,3 The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologist4 based on limited or inconsistent scientific evidence recommended that the use of prostaglandin gel for VBAC "requires close patient monitoring". It has been I Brief Communication


Four principles of reconstruction of ethylene plants for capacity enlargement are presented.They are as follows:optimization of production capacity,minimization of energy and material consumption,maximization of economic benefit,and optimization of social benefit.The difficulty of bottleneck and methods for identifying and removing bottleneck are briefly analyzed.Three modes of ethylene plants reconstruction such as removal of bottleneck with the primary plant untouched,mode of "two heads and one tail",and supplement of another parallel line.


### Licensing Board Investigating Social Worker's Alleged Misconduct May Inspect Treatment Records

In Jane Doe et al. v. Maryland Board of Social Work Examiners , 862 A.2d 996 (Md. 2004), the Maryland Court of Appeals weighed the authority of a professional licensing board against statutory


SPSSAP was used as cotton seed coating,the effect of different pharmacopoeia ratio with coating on the germination and growth of seed in artificial drought conditions was studied.The result showed that the germinating rate,stem length,weight of leaf and stem were increased,the MDA(malonaldehyde) was decreased,and the enzymes PPO(polyphenol oxidase) increased after reasonable coating.Therefore,the SPSSAP is a good water-absorbing polymer,which can improve the drought-resistant ability of cotton greatly during its growth,and it is suggested that the SPSSAP and the cotton seed be in the ratio of 1 ∶60.


SummaryThe cracking of bell pepper fruit is one of the main physiological disorders that reduce marketable yield. Understanding the environmental and endogenous factors that influence this disorder may help to reduce its severity. Plants grown in three greenhouses were subjected to differing potential transpiration (Tp) at night, with identical daytime Tp. Measurements included climatic variables in the greenhouses, soil water content, sap flow, transpiration, leaf temperature, surface and internal fruit temperatures, fruit and stem diameters, stomatal conductance, and leaf area. The results show that at night pepper plants transpired at a rate proportional to the vapour pressure difference (leaves to air; VDPla) in the respective greenhouses. The percentage of cracked fruits was highest in the greenhouse with the lowest night vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and lowest in the greenhouse with the highest VPD. Both increased direct radiation reaching the fruit surface and decreased soil water content reduced ...


The transverse sinuses were studied on the pertechnetate brain scans of 212 patients. The symmetry or asymmetry of the transverse sinuses was determined in the posterior and lateral views.The sinuses were equal and symmetric in 15.1 per cent. A prominent right transverse sinus was found in 55.6 per cent, and a prominent left transverse sinus was found in 29.3 per cent. In 22.2 per cent of the total number of scans, the usually barely seen occipital sinus was very prominent and dense. The largest number, 28 studies, of extra large occipital sinuses drained into the prominent left transverse sinus.Central positioning of the torcula on the posterior scan is essential for adequate resolution of the transverse sinuses.


3D surface flight,carries on the flight simulation,by the display of remote sensing images and DEM superimposed three-dimensional terrain.In this way,can realization to experimental plot tendency,multiple perspectives observation.And also can quickly reappear the topographic feature and geological structure.A method of 3D surface flight based on the ArcGlobe is proposed.Adopt high resolution SPOT images after geological interpretation and structure interpretation,use the superposition method of image and DEM,generate the 3D surface flight.Finally,with the overlay of single view flight animation,eagle-eye synchronization flight animation and profile synchronization flight animation,generate multi-screen 3D surface flight.The experimental results show that the method is simple,accurate,can realize 3D zoom,pan,rotate,roam and spatial analysis.


Motivation for this paper are classification problems in which data can not be clearly divided into positive and negative examples, especially data in which there is a monotone hierarchy (degree, preference) of more or less positive (negative) examples. We use data expressing the impact of information systems on business competitiveness in a graded way. The research was conducted on a sample of more than 200 Slovak companies. Competitiveness is estimated by Porter's model. The induction is achieved via multiple use of two valued induction on alpha-cuts of graded examples with monotonicity axioms in background knowledge. We present results of ILP system ALEPH on above data interpreted as annotated rules. We comment on relations of our results to some statistical models.


Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is a wirelessly connected sensor network featuring multimedia devices such as cameras and microphones that can retrieve video and audio streams, photographs, and scalar sensor data. Because of the low cost of cameras and microphones, in addition to significant advances in distributed signal processing and multimedia data coding approaches, WMSNs can offer multimedia content. Moreover, the most critical difficulty in the implementation of WMSN is to improve the efficiency and lifetime of the network. The Named-Data Network (NDN) technique is used in WMSNs to increase communication and transmission mechanisms efficiency. NDN is thought to be one of the most demanding Internet architectures in the future. Unlike host-centric techniques that focus on the location of the content, NDN focuses on providing the content. In this paper, we propose a novel accumulative Interest-based content-store architecture for NDN-based WMSNs to improve the efficiency of individual nodes as well as the overall network. Furthermore, the proposed solution also controls packet flooding. The proposed scheme is named "Efficient Data Retrieval and Forwarding (E-DRAFT)". Moreover, the ndnSIM simulator is used to run comprehensive simulations. Compared to existing methodologies, the simulation results reveal that the proposed approach stops additional packet flooding and effectively stores and retrieves Data packets with enhanced processing efficiency.


The Mississippi Silverside, Menidia audens, was first encountered in Kentucky Reservoir, the most downstream reservoir on the mainstem Tennessee River, in 1991. Over the next 19 years, it invaded all nine mainstem reservoirs, consisting of 1049 river km, and two tributary reservoirs, at an average rate of 55 km per year. This species was first encountered in Barkley Reservoir, the lowermost reservoir of the Cumberland River, in 1990, and has since established populations throughout at least 402 river km of the mainstem Cumberland River. Following the first record of M. audens in an unimpounded section of a Tennessee River tributary during 1998, 1048 sites were sampled throughout the Tennessee River system and this species was documented in only eight additional unimpounded tributaries, indicating aversion to lotic systems. Following the invasion of Tennessee River reservoirs by M. audens, mean abundance of the Brook Silverside, Labidesthes sicculus, linearly decreased with time. Electrofishing catch per unit effort (CPUE) data indicate that 14 years after sympatry with M. audens, L. sicculus were undetectable or occurred at extremely low densities in reservoirs. Reservoir populations of L. sicculus exhibited cyclic variation in abundance among years prior to the presence of M. audens. The observed range of electrofishing CPUE of L. sicculus before invasion by M. audens (n  =  3865) was significantly different (P < 0.001) than the observed range following the presence of M. audens (n  =  3975). After detection of M. audens, electrofishing CPUE of L. sicculus decreased and the range of variation from year to year diminished. Data from Cumberland River reservoirs showed similar patterns of displacement.


The alternation of Contemporary architectural sect and style compaign makes us confused and think profoundly.On the base of analysing the Pompidou Center and by introducting the conception of the rebuilding project of Zu Tong House in the old urban district of He Yuan City,this article tries to clarify the common theme in the tendecy of "high technique,high feeling"of contemporary architectural creation.It states that respecting and showing loving care for human nature is the essential and effective ways to come back to the essence of architecture and to achieve the"residing with poetry".


The integrity of low-level analog measurements in an automatic test system is comprised by many possible error sources. These errors can cause readings by even the most accurate instruments to be inaccurate. Many of these errors can be attributed to the signal switching. Methods and techniques used to minimizes or eliminate these errors are discussed. Low-current, high-resistance, and low-voltage measurements are examined, and a multiplex test system and a matrix test system are considered as system examples.<<ETX>>


A Master of Science in ESM (Engineering Systems Management) Submitted to the School of Engineering by Ghanem Ibrahim El - Shahry, "A Systematic Approach to the Management of System Security Reengineering Process", May 2005. Thesis Advisor Dr. Kassem Saleh. Available are Both Soft and Hard Copies of the Thesis.


In many countries, it is illegal to make certain decisions based on sensitive attributes such as gender or race. This is because historically, sensitive attributes of individuals were exploited to abuse the rights of individuals, leading to unfair decisions. This view is extended to algorithmic decision-making systems (ADMs) where similar to humans, ADMs should not use sensitive attributes for input. We reject the extension of law from humans to machines, since contrary to humans, algorithms are explicit in their decisions, and the fairness of their decision can be studied independently of their input. The main purpose of this paper is to study and discuss the importance of using sensitive attributes in fair classification systems. Specifically, we suggest two statistical tests on the training dataset, to evaluate whether using sensitive attributes may have an impact on the quality and fairness of prospective classification algorithms. These statistical tests compare the distribution and data complexity of the training dataset between groups identified by the same value for sensitive attributes (e.g., men vs. women). We evaluated our fairness tests on several datasets. It was shown that, the removal of sensitive attributes may result in the decrease of the fairness of ADMs. The results were confirmed by designing and implementing simple classifiers on each dataset (with and without the sensitive attributes). Therefore, the use of sensitive attributes must be evaluated per dataset and algorithm, and ignoring them blindly may result in unfair ADMs.


Ethylene and propylene glycol water based secondary solutions are very popular due to their low corrosivity character, low freezing point, high boiling point and low fire hazards. The main drawback of ethylene glycol solutions is its potential toxicity both to the environment, animals and food products. Therefore, propylene glycol is the most common substitute for ethylene glycol. The biggest disadvantage of propylene glycol solutions is its very high viscosity at low temperatures, which results in higher pumping power and lower system performance. For very low temperatures, it is common to use non-aqueous synthetic fluids, which have lower viscosities at these temperatures. Thus, the aim of this paper is to propose a new generation of synthetic iso-paraffins having better thermophysical properties compared to existing synthetic products used for very low temperature applications.

The first results showed that the new generation of iso-paraffins having the freezing temperature of – 50 °C or lower had significantly lower viscosity (between 75 % and 98 %) at very low temperatures compared to 60 wt-% propylene glycol (PG 60 %) and 60 wt-% ethylene glycol solution (EG 60 %). Iso-paraffin 1 showed better performance than iso-paraffin 2 by giving the lowest freezing point, the lowest dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity as well as the highest thermal conductivity. Instead, iso-paraffin 2 had higher specific heat capacity. As seen, the different composition of iso-paraffin mixture can result in different properties and operating temperature ranges. Thus, iso-paraffins could become an interesting alternative for very low temperature cooling applications.


Vehicle classification based on magnetic sensors can be effectively applied to intelligent transportation and realize intelligent management of traffic. The use of representative vehicle signal features is a prerequisite and guarantee for accurate vehicle classification. This paper uses a single 3-axis magnetic sensor to acquire vehicle signals and extract a large number of features from the vehicle signals. In order to obtain a set of features that are simple and without loss of classification accuracy, we propose a Filtering algorithm based on Feature Pairing Elimination (FPE-Filter). In addition, choosing the right classifier is also crucial for models with high classification accuracy. In this paper, we compare four common classification models: SVM, RF, KNN, and C4.5. The experimental results show that the SVM performs best and the classification accuracy reaches 95%.


Using the three-dimensional template effect of copper(I) or copper(II), a macrocycle incorporating two different chelating units was threaded by a coordinating molecular fragment whose two ends bear pyrrole nuclei; after electropolymerization, an electroactive film was obtained that clearly showed pirouetting of the ring induced by reducing the five-coordinate copper(II) complex to copper(I). The motion is driven by the difference in the stereoelectronic preferences of copper(I) and copper(II). The present system allows motions of the monovalent complex only.


Hidden Markov modeling (HMM) techniques have been used successfully for connected speech recognition in the last several years. In the traditional HMM algorithms, the probability of duration of a state decreases exponentially with time which is not appropriate for representing the temporal structure of speech. Non-parametric modeling of duration using semi-Markov chains does accomplish the task with a large increase in the computational complexity. Applying a postprocessing state duration penalty after Viterbi decoding adds very little computation but does not affect the forward recognition path. The authors present a way of modeling state durations in HMM using time-dependent state transitions. This inhomogeneous HMM (IHMM) does increase the computation by a small amount but reduces recognition error rates by 14-25%. Also, a suboptimal implementation of this scheme that requires no more computation than the traditional HMM is presented which also has reduced errors by 14-22% on a variety of databases.<<ETX>>


Experience of God (the Holy Spirit) has always been an integral part of Pentecostal theology and spirituality. Traditionally such experience has been considered rather direct or immediate, and as such has functioned as an authority for Pentecostals. More recent developments within Pentecostal theology, however, demonstrate that a more nuanced, mediated view of experience of God is being employed by some Pentecostal theologians in an attempt to acknowledge the cultural and linguistic embeddedness of all appeals to experience. Evidence of this mediated view of experience is exhibited in the work of Simon K. H. Chan, Frank D. Macchia, and Amos Yong, and has enabled creative ways forward for Pentecostal theology.


In the alkoxylation catalyst used for the alkoxylation reaction of fatty acid alkyl ester represented by the following formula (I), Alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, alkaline earth metal salt of a hydroxycarboxylic acid, at least one member selected from oxides and the group consisting of hydroxides of alkaline earth metal of the alkaline earth metal (B), and sulfuric acid and (C), but it will react in the liquid dispersion medium (a), The component (C) / (B) the molar ratio represented by components, alkoxylation catalyst is 0.8-1. R [(I) ]


Last week, Ireland's attempts to burden itself with further cuts did not impress and the markets remain inured to the self-inflicted fiscal measures. Over the weekend, Ireland has been granted a reprieve with a bailout of $89 billion jointly administered by the European Commission, Bilateral Aid and the International Monetary Fund. On Sunday evening, the global politicians held their breath to watch the reaction to this bailout as they waited first for the Asian markets to react and subsequently the European markets. The reception has been warm but time will tell whether enough has been done.


Learning means changing. Conditions of learning rely on a person's organizational thought against the learning process. One's organizational thought is categorized into three major categories, each of which is divided into two phases: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. The teaching world, not least Bina Nusantara university, should play a role in developing the organizational thought /moral development of every person whom becomes the believer. This moral mapping may be information underlying the learning model. This mapping is generated through qualitative research of 10 Bina Nusantara university students, grade 04, PAF. Data collection technique used observational-partisipative method with the instrument of three moral dilemmas and Kohlberg's moral stage development indicators. The results in the form of mapping of moral development is reported in the form of pie charts moral The study also resulted in the proposal of moral learning model that can be tested in subsequent research.


By doping Ni into YBa2Fe3O8+w(YBFO) system,we obtained the phase YBa2Fe3-xNixO8+w(YBFNO,x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.30,0.50,1.00).This paper discusses the changes in crystal structural,resistivity and magnetoresis-tivity(MR) of YBFO samples due to the incorporation of transition metal Ni.The results show that Ni substitution for partial Fe in YBFO does not substantially transform the structure of parent phase,but results in tiny changes in the lat-tice parameters.The YBFO crystal with Ni doped is semiconducting.


This thesis studies the effect of economic integration policies on specialization patterns in EU countries during the period from 1985 to 2012. We focus on the effect of access to the European Economic Area, and the use of the euro as a currency, two major, recent milestones of European integration. The effect of these integration events on GDP distributions, and in particular the shares for the overall manufacturing sector, the information & communication sector and the financial & insurance sector is studied by use of Gini coefficient analysis and panel data regression analysis. We make some interesting findings. First, graphical representations of the Gini coefficients do not show clearly that around the time the integration events take place there is a change in specialization patterns. This means that the shocks are not that severe and the changes are more subtle. Second, the panel data regression analyses show some interesting results. We find significant results of the effects of both integration events on sector shares for some countries. These are mainly the countries that have recently joined the EU – where a deeper adjustment and integration path applies. We mainly find that Eastern European countries increase their manufacturing sector share and Western European countries increase their financial sector share. These findings are in line with the general economic development trend in the countries, because they show a decrease in agricultural sectors, a de- or increase in manufacturing sectors, depending on the level of development, and an increase in service sector shares.


Our work investigates post-colonialism categories in the works One Hundred Years of Solitude and Live to Count. The pillars of our search are fictional and biographical images constituents of the works in question. Such references are focused as expressions sociocultural aspects of the Latin American people. Our interest in the work One Hundred Years of Solitude, by Gabriel García Márquez, is related to the fact that this literary production represents strong elements of contemporary Latin American context. Likewise, we realize that the author, in the literary manifestation of signs of Latinity, makes use of elements consistent with the acculturation to which the Latin American people submitted, as we can see in their biographical work Living to Tell. In Viver para Contar, the experience report reveals that the Latin American singularity is focused on the interface with the European or North American "other". From these two paradigms emerges the allegorical figure of the neo-colonizer represented by the different dynamics of capital oppression, highlighting the different ways in which singularities were glimpsed in the world and from which they began to interact and metamorphose reciprocally. Finally, it is seen that these connections, among other things, bring out the profile of Latin Americans that we believe to have and/or to be, thus composing a literary iconography1 of the Latin America


Introduction - school improvement in an era of change. Part 1: perspectives on educational reform making sense of change school and classroom effectiveness approaches to school improvement collaborative cultures and school improvement. Part 2: improving the quality of education for all staff development involvement inquiry and reflection leadership co-ordination collaborative planning. Part 3: seeing school improvement whole. Appendix: the conditions scale.


Extreme hot temperatures, such as those experienced during a heat wave, represent a dangerous meteorological hazard to human health. Heat disorders such as sunstroke are harmful to people of all ages and responsible for excess mortality in the affected areas. In 2003 more than 50,000 people died in western and southern Europe because of a severe and sustained episode of summer heat [1]. Furthermore, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change heat waves are expected to get more frequent in the future thus posing an increasing threat to human lives. Developing appropriate tools for extreme hot temperatures prediction is therefore mandatory to increase public preparedness and mitigate heat-induced impacts.


Recent research on participation in Danish urban planning has identified three typical formats of engagement: hearings, dialogue meetings, and workshops. Alongside these mainstream approaches, a plethora of less formalized and experimental formats drawing inspiration from collaborative and performative art practices have emerged. However, common to both the mainstream and experimental formats of participation is a difficulty when it comes to dealing with more strategic issues of power in the city. This article introduces and discusses the development, application, and power analytics of a format that focuses on these issues, the conflict and power-mediation method Free Trial! conceived by a local nongovernmental organization as a staged court case for high-profile issues in the city, which straddles political theater, deliberative participation, and research. The article demonstrates that advocacy, agonism, and liminoidity are the core elements that make the format effective in handling contentious issues in a constructive and enlightening manner within its created arena. However, it also shows that the handling of issues of power transcends the limits of this arena. To avoid reproducing unbalanced power relations of the city in general, the core elements of the format need to be incorporated among the wider public through an autonomous organization with this as its primary aim.


Main ways of remodeling the contemporary system of professional education in terms of its effectiveness are considered in the article. In addition, not only a solution to the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of professional education is suggested but also the analysis of the current situation and steps taken for raising its efficiency are proposed. The main reason of a decrease in the effectiveness of professional education is the destruction of interconnection between the manufacture and education. As a consequence, we are facing a low level of youngsters' employment and a lack of qualified specialists in the companies. Branch-wise, corporate and applied education might become possible steps to overcome the crisis. Despite the underlying perspectives of these streamlines, the author needs to point out undeniable weaknesses of these projects that concern more personal-oriented questions of how a student should determine whether education is effective, but not a problem of employment or providing a company with qualified personnel. The necessity of building a special department based on the institutes of higher education is grounded on the need to employ graduates, provide companies with specialists, consolidate the efforts of small and medium-sized enterprises and defining what is meant by 'self-actualization' in terms of personal and professional point of views - it results in raising the effectiveness of professional education. The article was prepared with support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the project-grant by the Regional Fund of Science "Developing a system model of efficiency indicators of educational programs for the Bachelor degree".


"Passport to Cambridge First Certificate" provides a fully integrated course material with the flexibility of optional components designed to meet specific needs. The teacher's book contains answer keys and full tapescripts of the listening material. There is also a set of two cassettes which contain varied listening material for class use and a student's book. The student's book features a range of primary source material (taken from newspapers, magazines, novels, advertisements, market research surveys etc). It has a revision programme to go with the 32 listening exercises and a 20-page cartoon strip that teaches over 300 phrasal verbs. It addition there are 25 group activities, a specimen exam and a grammar reference section.


The article describes the directions and features in the field of control of power lines. A method is created for determining the prebreakdown state. The dependence of the development of partial discharges in polymeric materials is studied. The process of exposure to high-frequency currents before the onset of a breakdown state under constant operating modes of electrothermal high-voltage equipment is described. The results of the dynamics of the emergence of discharges under high-frequency exposure are given in the form of graphic images. The graph of the dynamics of partial discharges is described. In this work, a methodology for monitoring and protecting against electrical breakdown, when the frequency of occurrence of partial discharges changes. The results of practical tests for diagnosing the residual life of insulation are presented.


The article reviews the idea of categorial grammar device usage in the word-formation (morphological) analysis of Russian words, in particular, of nouns and adjectives. The analysis result defines 56 word-formation models or structures, lists all found affixes and roots. All categories for each morpheme which were attributed by it in the analysis in different word forms are revealed. Use of K-grammar gives the chance of creation of algorithm of recognition of word-formation and morphological structure of the word taking into account ambiguity of its components.


INTRODUCTION: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was passed to narrow disparities and improve the quality of health care in the United States. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality patient safety indicators (PSIs) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) are quality metrics tracked in healthcare institutions. The effects of insurance status on PSIs and HACs were analyzed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for brain tumor patients. METHODS: The NIS was queried for hospitalizations between 2002 and 2011 involving brain tumors patients. The incidence for each PSI and HAC was determined by ICD-9 codes. The independent variable was primary payer status. Because of the age restriction with Medicare, comparisons were made between Medicaid/self-pay and private insurance. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the effects of insurance status on individual PSIs, HACs, and patient outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, 113,797 PSIs and 15,810 HACs occurred in 548,727 brain tumor patients, an estimated national incidence of 20.7% and 2.9% respectively. Medicaid/self-pay patients had a higher PSI incidence compared to private insurance patients (20.6% versus 18.6%). Medicaid/self-pay patients also had a higher incidence of HACs (2.2% versus 1.9%). After controlling for patient and hospital factors, Medicaid/self-pay patients were estimated to experience 3.6% more PSIs per patient than private insurance (p = 0.0042). In addition, Medicaid/self-pay patients were eistamted to experience 12.6% more HACs per patient (p = 0.0001). The greater incidence of PSIs and HACs correlated with increased length of stay and worse discharge outcomes and in-hospital mortality in the Medicaid/self-pay patient population. CONCLUSIONS: Significant variability exists in the incidence of PSIs and HACs in brain tumor patients based on insurance status. The cause of these differences should be studied prospectively to begin the process of improving quality metrics in vulnerable patient populations.


Based on the fact frequent fires happening and burned area expanding gradually in the area of Giant Xing' anling of China,authors set three different plots to research in the field of burned forest area at Okayama in Japan.After the empirical analysis of the dynamic changes of moisture and soil nutrient in the raining burned area,they found that the moisture and soil losses are different in the three plots.Referring to the research results domestic and aboard,they wander to find the best way of reduction on the losses of soil nutrient so as to do the choice of the suitable method of vegetation recovery.